query: Liverpool F.C. was managed by Bill Shankly.

pos: Liverpool F.C. Liverpool Football Club ( -LSB- ˈlɪvərpuːl -RSB- ) is a professional association football club based in Liverpool , Merseyside , England . They compete in the Premier League , the top tier of English football . The club has won 5 European Cups , 3 UEFA Cups , 3 UEFA Super Cups , 18 League titles , 7 FA Cups , a record 8 League Cups , and 15 FA Community Shields .   The club was founded in 1892 and joined the Football League the following year . The club has played at Anfield since its formation . Liverpool established itself as a major force in both English and European football during the 1970s and 1980s when Bill Shankly and Bob Paisley led the club to 11 League titles and seven European trophies . Under the management of Rafa Benítez and captained by Steven Gerrard Liverpool became European champion for the fifth time , winning the 2005 UEFA Champions League Final against Milan in spite of being 3 -- 0 down at half time .   Liverpool was the ninth highest-earning football club in the world for 2014 -- 15 , with an annual revenue of $ 391 million , and the world 's eighth most valuable football club in 2016 , valued at $ 1.55 billion . The club holds many long-standing rivalries , most notably the North West Derby against Manchester United and the Merseyside derby with Everton .   The club 's supporters have been involved in two major tragedies . The first was the Heysel Stadium disaster in 1985 , where escaping fans were pressed against a collapsing wall in the Heysel Stadium , with 39 people -- mostly Italians and Juventus fans -- dying , after which English clubs were given a five-year ban from European competition . The second was the Hillsborough disaster in 1989 , where 96 Liverpool supporters died in a crush against perimeter fencing . The team changed from red shirts and white shorts to an all-red home strip in 1964 which has been used ever since . The club 's anthem is `` You 'll Never Walk Alone '' .

pos: Bill Shankly William Shankly , OBE ( 2 September 1913 -- 29 September 1981 ) was a Scottish football player and manager , who is best known for his time as manager of Liverpool .   Shankly came from a small Scottish mining community as one of five brothers who played football professionally . He played as a ball-winning right-half and was capped twelve times for Scotland , including seven wartime internationals . He spent one season at Carlisle United before spending the rest of his career at Preston North End , with whom he won the FA Cup in 1938 . His playing career was interrupted by his service in the Royal Air Force during the Second World War . He became a manager after he retired from playing in 1949 , returning to Carlisle United . He later managed Grimsby Town , Workington and Huddersfield Town before moving to become Liverpool manager in December 1959 .   Shankly took charge of Liverpool when they were in the Second Division and rebuilt the team into a major force in English and European football . He led Liverpool to the Second Division Championship to gain promotion to the top-flight First Division in 1962 , before going on to win three First Division Championships , two FA Cups , four Charity Shields and one UEFA Cup . Shankly announced his surprise retirement from football a few weeks after Liverpool won the 1974 FA Cup Final , having managed the club for 15 years , and was succeeded by his long-time assistant Bob Paisley . He led the Liverpool team out for the last time at Wembley for the 1974 FA Charity Shield . He died seven years later at the age of 68 .

neg: 1972–73 Liverpool F.C. season After seven years of not winning any trophies Liverpool F.C. won both the Football League and the UEFA Cup in an extremely successful season , the highlight of Bill Shankly 's managerial career . The rebuilding of the team from the one that served so well in the 1960s that had been fully realised .   The league which they came so close to winning the year before , had finally been conquered by winning the title by three points from Arsenal . The signing of Peter Cormack from Nottingham Forest during the summer of 1972 would also be another great signing .   The UEFA Cup would also be the beginning of their dominance of regularly winning European trophies as well . Overcoming the previous season 's winners Tottenham Hotspur in the Semi-Finals and over a two legged final overcoming Borussia Mönchengladbach three-two on aggregate .   The emergence of Kevin Keegan and Ray Clemence in the team would also see them start their international careers , with them both making their England debuts in the World Cup qualifier against Wales on 15 November 1972 alongside Emlyn Hughes already established in the England team .

neg: Grade II listed buildings in Liverpool-L7 Liverpool is a city and port in Merseyside , England , which contains many listed buildings . A listed building is a structure designated by English Heritage of being of architectural and/or of historical importance and , as such , is included in the National Heritage List for England . There are three grades of listing , according to the degree of importance of the structure . Grade I includes those buildings that are of `` exceptional interest , sometimes considered to be internationally important '' ; the buildings in Grade II * are `` particularly important buildings of more than special interest '' ; and those in Grade II are `` nationally important and of special interest '' . Very few buildings are included in Grade I -- only 2.5 % of the total . Grade II * buildings represent 5.5 % of the total , while the great majority , 92 % , are included in Grade II .   Liverpool contains more than 1,550 listed buildings , of which 28 are in Grade I , 109 in Grade II * , and the rest in Grade II . This list contains the Grade II listed buildings in the L7 postal district of Liverpool . The district stretches from buildings used by the University of Liverpool in the area around Abercromby Square in the west of the district , to the suburbs of Edge Hill and Kensington in the east . It is mainly residential , and a high proportion of the buildings in the list are houses . Residential development started in 1819 -- 20 in Abercromby Square , and many of the houses here and elsewhere date from the 1820s , 1830s , and 1840s . To the east , the district includes Edge Hill railway station , the world 's first railway station , and there are three Grade II listed buildings relating to it . Also in the district is Wavertree Botanic Gardens , which contains two Grade II listed buildings , the lodge and a fountain . In addition to these , this list contains three churches and a chapel ( some of which have been converted into other uses ) , a library , a bank , a public house , a former hospital , the entrance to a cemetery , a students ' union , a war memorial , and a pillar box .   Grade II listed buildings from other areas in the city can be found through the template on the right , along with the lists of the Grade I and Grade II * buildings in the city .

neg: 1994–95 Blackburn Rovers F.C. season The 1994 -- 95 season was Blackburn Rovers F.C. 's third season in the Premier League , and their third consecutive season in the top division of English football .   The season was marked by the club winning the Premier League title , ending their 81-year run without an English league title . They ended up winning the title by a one-point margin over Manchester United . Rovers led the way for most of the season , but a 2 -- 1 defeat at Kenny Dalglish 's old club Liverpool on the final day of the season briefly appeared to threaten their title hopes . Manchester United however could only draw ( 1 -- 1 ) at West Ham so the league title was back at Blackburn for the first time since 1914 . Jack Walker 's dream had come true : within five years of buying the club , he had taken them from strugglers in the old Second Division to champions of England .   Early exits from the League Cup , FA Cup and UEFA Cup to Liverpool , Newcastle and Trelleborg respectively were frustrating for Rovers in 1994 -- 95 , but turned out for the best as they could concentrate on the league challenge .   Kenny Dalglish won the Premier League Manager of the Year award for leading Blackburn to success , Alan Shearer won both the Golden Boot for contributing 34 of Blackburn 's 80 league goals and also the PFA Players ' Player of the Year award as nominated by his fellow professionals . Graeme Le Saux , Colin Hendry , Tim Sherwood and Shearer all made it into the PFA Team of the Year .

neg: East Lancashire derby The East Lancashire Derby also known as the `` Cotton Mills Derby '' is a football match between Blackburn Rovers F.C. and Burnley F.C. . The nickname originates from the fact that Blackburn and Burnley were former mill towns .   The first ever competitive league match between these two former English football champions and founder members of the Football League , took place at Turf Moor on 3 November 1888 , Blackburn won the game 7 -- 1 . Blackburn also won the return fixture at Ewood Park 4 -- 2 . From a town standpoint there is an obvious geographical reason for the rivalry as the two Lancashire towns only lie 11 miles ( 18 km ) apart . Accrington Stanley F.C. stands in the middle , but is not taken seriously as a rival by either . Another alleged reason for the increased hostilities is that Blackburn complained to the Football League about Burnley 's illegal number of Scottish players in the 1890s .   Blackburn Rovers were founded in 1875 and in the following years , many other clubs were formed in the region such as Accrington F.C. in 1886 and Clitheroe Central in 1877 , due to football being passionately taken up by the area . Another such club was Burnley Rovers , who started out as a rugby club until changing codes in 1882 .

neg: Billy Liddell William Beveridge Liddell ( 10 January 1922 -- 3 July 2001 ) was a Scottish footballer , who played his entire professional career with Liverpool . He signed with the club as a teenager in 1938 and retired in 1961 , having scored 228 goals in 534 appearances ( placing Liddell fourth and 12th in the respective club rankings as of August 2010 ) . He was Liverpool 's leading goalscorer in the league in eight out of nine seasons from 1949 -- 50 to 1957 -- 58 , and surpassed Elisha Scott 's club record for most league appearances in 1957 .   With Liverpool , Liddell won a league championship in 1947 and featured in the club 's 1950 FA Cup Final defeat by Arsenal . He represented Scotland at international level on 29 occasions . While serving as a Royal Air Force navigator during the Second World War , Liddell continued his career by appearing in unofficial games for Liverpool and guesting for various teams in the United Kingdom and Canada . After his retirement from football , in 1961 , Liddell occupied himself as a Justice of the Peace ( from 1958 ) , bursar of Liverpool University , and voluntary worker . He died in 2001 .   Primarily a left winger , Liddell 's versatility enabled him to play comfortably on the opposite wing and as a striker , at centre and inside forward . Liddell became noted for his strong physique , acceleration , powerful shot , professionalism , and good conduct on the pitch . Such was his influence and popularity that the club acquired the contemporary nickname `` Liddellpool '' . Posthumous recognition has included a plaque unveiled in 2004 at Anfield and sixth place in a poll of Liverpool fans , conducted in 2006 under the title `` 100 Players Who Shook The Kop '' . He was inducted into the Scottish Football Hall of Fame in November 2008 .

neg: Heroes and Villains (football fanzine) Heroes and Villains is the title of a football fanzine written by and primarily aimed at fans of Aston Villa F.C. . It was launched in 1989 , and has been in regular print ever since , long surpassing 100 issues .   It has been edited from the start by Dave Woodhall . Although of course primarily concerned directly with the fortunes of Aston Villa , occasionally other general football articles and humorous , nostalgic pieces are to be found amongst its pages .   It was often critical of Doug Ellis who was the chairman of Aston Villa during the period 1982 to 2006 ( his second spell at the club ) . He was seen by many fans as being complacent and unambitious regarding the fortunes of the team .   As with most fanzines , many articles contain much baiting of local rival football clubs and their fans , in this case chiefly Birmingham City F.C. and West Bromwich Albion F.C.   However , a goodly part of the fanzine 's contents consist of contributors ' personal views on and memories of experiences derived from being a supporter of Aston Villa . Aston Villa 's richly varied history , particularly that of the last 25 years and within living memory of most contributors , consisting as it does of Villa 's League Championship and European Cup winning achievements of '81 and ' 82 , their mid '80s decline culminating in relegation in ' 87 , followed by a revival under Graham Taylor 's management which led to an unexpected league runners-up spot just 3 seasons later , provides much material . As does a further , also unexpected , runners up placing in ' 93 , league cup triumphs in '94 and ' 96 , and the generally solid but unspectacular performance of the team , up to the 2005-2006 season 's underachievements and the broad feeling of dissatisfaction with the way the club was being run .   Something of a running joke in the fanzine concerns Villa 's underachievement in the FA Cup , the club having not won the competition since 1957 , with their only final appearance since then consisting of a dismal performance in losing 1-0 to the pre-Roman Abramovich Chelsea in 2000 . As the 3rd round of the competition - Villa 's usual entry point - approaches each season , many fans come to the agreement that this year is definitely `` our year for the cup ... ''   For the start of the 2014-15 season , the fanzine phased out the paper publishing format of distribution , and is now available only to download to computers , mobile devices , and so on .   The fanzine also spawned a website forum which remains very popular among Villa supporters .

neg: 1946–47 Liverpool F.C. season The 1946 -- 47 season was the 55th season in Liverpool F.C. 's existence , and ended their season as Champions , winning the title by one point from Manchester United and Wolverhampton Wanderers .   The chances of them doing the double was over by being beaten in the FA Cup Semi-Finals by 2nd Division Burnley .

neg: Phil Thompson Philip Bernard Thompson ( born 21 January 1954 ) is a retired English footballer , who played as a defender for Liverpool team of the 1970s and 1980s . During this time , he also represented the England national football team on 42 occasions . After retiring as a player , he later served Liverpool as assistant manager and , during the 2001 -- 02 season , acted as caretaker for 6 months while manager Gérard Houllier was ill . He is currently a pundit on Soccer Saturday on Sky Sports , does on and off work as a pundit for TV 2 ( Norway ) , and is a regular Visiting Fellow at the University of Liverpool where he teaches on the Football Industries MBA .

neg: James Milner James Philip Milner ( born 4 January 1986 ) is an English professional footballer who plays for Premier League club Liverpool . A versatile player , he has been utilised in many different positions such as on the wing , in midfield and most recently at left-back .   Milner 's talent in football , cricket , and long-distance running was recognised at a very young age . He represented his school in these sports and played football for amateur teams from Rawdon and Horsforth . He supported Leeds United from a young age and was a season ticket holder at the club . In 1996 , he joined the Leeds United youth academy . He made his debut for the first team in 2002 aged only 16 and gained prominence as the youngest player to score in the Premier League .   While at Leeds United , he spent time on loan at Swindon Town to gain experience as a first-team player . Following his move to Newcastle United , he was loaned to Aston Villa for a season . He went on to make over 100 appearances for Newcastle , before returning to Aston Villa on a permanent transfer in 2008 . After playing an influential role in Aston Villa 's run to the 2010 League Cup Final and being named 2009 -- 10 PFA Young Player of the Year , Milner joined Manchester City for a reported # 26m transfer fee in 2010 , going on to win the 2011 -- 12 and 2013 -- 14 Premier League titles , 2010 -- 11 FA Cup and 2013 -- 14 League Cup . After five seasons with Manchester City , Milner signed for Liverpool on a free transfer in 2015 .   Milner made a record 46 appearances for the England national under-21 football team , playing at the 2007 and 2009 UEFA European Under-21 Championships . He also played 61 appearances for the full English national team , scoring once against Moldova . He was selected for the 2010 and 2014 FIFA World Cup squads , as well as the 2012 and UEFA Euro 2016 UEFA Euro Championships . Milner retired from international football in 2016 .

neg: 1986–87 Manchester United F.C. season The 1986 -- 87 season was Manchester United 's 85th season in the Football League , and their 12th consecutive season in the top division of English football .   The pressure on manager Ron Atkinson after last season 's failed title challenge remained strong after United lost their opening three games of the season , and despite some decent results in the following few weeks , United bowed out of the League Cup in a fourth round replay defeat at Southampton , prompting the dismissal of Atkinson on 6 November 1986 after more than five years in charge .   Alex Ferguson was confirmed as Atkinson 's successor within hours , recruited from Scottish side Aberdeen , where he had enjoyed considerable success in the previous seven years . United recovered well in the league after his appointment and finished 11th , managing to scratch up some impressive results including winning both of their league clashes with Liverpool ( results which helped deprive Kenny Dalglish 's side of the league title ) , a 4 -- 1 home win over Newcastle United on New Year 's Day 1987 , a 2 -- 0 home win over a resurgent Arsenal and a 2 -- 0 win at Old Trafford in the Manchester derby which helped push City towards relegation . Their win at Liverpool also made them the only team to win at Liverpool in the league all season .   However , United were prevented from finishing even higher in the league by a few disappointing results after Ferguson 's arrival , beginning with a 2 -- 0 defeat in their first game under Ferguson at Oxford United , losing both of their clashes with newly promoted Wimbledon , being beaten at Old Trafford by Norwich City just after Christmas and suffering a 4 -- 0 defeat at Tottenham near the end of the season , although by the time of the Tottenham game it was mathematically impossible for United to either win the title or suffer relegation ( there was no prospect of European qualification due to the ongoing ban on English clubs in Europe following the Heysel disaster two years earlier ) . United also failed to win any another away games in the league apart from the visit to Liverpool on Boxing Day .   United 's improvement under Ferguson during the season was achieved without making any major signings , although it was widely expected that he would spend heavily on new players during the 1987 close season . He went on to pay Celtic # 850,000 for high-scoring striker Brian McClair . He strengthened the defence by paying Arsenal # 250,000 for experienced full-back Viv Anderson . Unsuccessful bids were also made for several other players : Ferguson expressed an interest in bringing striker Mark Hateley back to England from Milan , but the player opted to remain overseas and signed for AS Monaco instead . He also made a bid to bring Peter Beardsley back to the club from Newcastle United , but the England international forward instead joined Liverpool for a British record fee . Ferguson was offered the chance to sign Watford winger John Barnes , but declined to make an approach for the player due to his faith in Jesper Olsen in the same position .

neg: 1988–89 West Ham United F.C. season The 1988 -- 1989 season saw new signings Allen McKnight and David Kelly both begin their West Ham United careers , but neither supplied the club with kind of form necessary to stay in the top flight .   On 22 March 1989 , it looked as though Lyall had come up with the goods to save West Ham 's top flight status when he re-captured Frank McAvennie from Glasgow Celtic for a club record fee of # 1.1 million -- just after the player had turned down the chance to sign for Arsenal , who went on to win the league . However , McAvennie failed to repeat the goalscoring heroics of his first spell at Upton Park as he did n't score a single goal in nine league appearances and the Hammers were relegated despite winning five of their final seven games .   The club finished in 19th place in the First Division and were relegated to the second tier of The Football League .   John Lyall was sacked as manager after 15 years on 5 June 1989 , by which time he was the longest serving manager at any Football League club . It also ended his 34-year service with the club , which had started in 1955 when he signed for them as an apprentice player from school .

neg: 2001–02 Birmingham City F.C. season The 2001 -- 02 season was Birmingham City Football Club 's 99th in the Football League . They finished in 5th position in the 24-team Football League First Division , thus qualifying for the play-offs , and were successful in the final , beating Norwich City in a penalty shootout to gain promotion to the Premier League . Birmingham entered the 2001 -- 02 FA Cup at the third round and lost to Liverpool in that round , and after entering the League Cup in the first round , lost to Manchester City in the third .   Trevor Francis was dismissed as manager in October with Birmingham mid-table in the First Division . Mick Mills and Jim Barron acted as caretakers until December , when former Crystal Palace manager Steve Bruce was appointed . French manufacturers Le Coq Sportif supplied Birmingham 's kit for the fourth consecutive season , and mobile phone retailer Phones4U were the new shirt sponsors . Tommy Mooney was top scorer with 15 goals , of which 13 were scored in the league .

neg: Liverpool 9–0 Crystal Palace (1989) On 12 September 1989 , Liverpool faced Crystal Palace in a First Division fixture at Anfield , during the 1989 -- 90 season . Crystal Palace were newly promoted to the Division , while Liverpool had been narrowly pipped to the League title by Arsenal in the previous season . Liverpool won the match 9 -- 0 , recording their biggest ever top-flight win , and inflicting Palace 's heaviest ever defeat . Eight different players scored for Liverpool , the only time this has happened for the same club in English football history .

neg: 2013–14 Everton F.C. season The 2013 -- 14 season was Everton 's 22nd season in the Premier League and 60th consecutive season in the top division of English football . It was also Everton 's 115th season of league football and 117th season in all competitions . It was the first season without David Moyes as manager since 2002 , with Moyes leaving Everton to succeed Alex Ferguson as manager of Manchester United . In addition , the club crest was redesigned ahead of this season for the first time since 2000 . On 5 June 2013 , Roberto Martínez was announced as the new Everton manager , having left his post at relegated FA Cup holders Wigan Athletic . Everton finished in sixth position in the domestic league in the previous season , missing out on qualification for the UEFA Europa League , meaning it failed to qualify for any European competitions for the fourth season running .   Everton 's Premier League campaign began in August 2013 with Martínez changing their style of play to a possession based , attractive brand of football which initially led to three successive draws to start the season . A first victory came in the next match 1 -- 0 against Chelsea and by Christmas Everton had only suffered one defeat , a run which included a win over Moyes ' Manchester United , the first time the club had tasted success at Old Trafford in 21 years . The team almost went an entire year unbeaten at home but lost 1 -- 0 against Sunderland on Boxing Day . Everton 's progress stalled somewhat in the early part of 2014 with three losses in four games against Liverpool , Tottenham Hotspur and Chelsea , before winning seven league games in a row for the first time since 1987 . The spell contained perhaps Everton 's best performance of the season when they defeated Arsenal 3 -- 0 . The streak was ended with a 3 -- 2 home defeat by Crystal Palace , but Everton returned to do the double over Manchester United for the first time since 1969 . Moyes was sacked as their manager a day later . Two defeats in a row after this ended Everton 's Champions League hopes but a finish of 5th in the league table is their highest in five years with Everton qualifying for next season 's Europa League . Martínez utilised the loan market during the season , with Romelu Lukaku ( on loan from Chelsea ) being Everton 's top scorer with 16 goals in all competitions . The emergence of young players such as Ross Barkley , John Stones and summer signing James McCarthy was also a feature of his debut season in charge , with Barkley going on to be selected for England 's World Cup squad . Right back Séamus Coleman was named Everton 's player of the year .   In the cup competitions Everton lost in the sixth round of the FA Cup ( entered at round three ) and the third round of the League Cup ( entered at round two ) .

neg: 2008–09 Manchester United F.C. season The 2008 -- 09 season was Manchester United 's 17th season in the Premier League , and their 34th consecutive season in the top division of English football . After winning a third consecutive Premier League title for the second time to equal Liverpool 's record of 18 league titles , the team aimed to become the first team to retain the European Cup since Milan in 1990 . However , they were beaten 2 -- 0 by Barcelona in the final at the Stadio Olimpico in Rome on 27 May 2009 .   United started their season in August 2008 by winning the Community Shield . In December 2008 , the club became the first English side to win the FIFA Club World Cup when they beat LDU Quito 1 -- 0 in the final . Two months later , on 1 March 2009 , the club added the 2008 -- 09 League Cup to their trophy cabinet with a 4 -- 1 penalty shootout win over Tottenham Hotspur after a goalless 120 minutes in the final .   United secured a third consecutive Premier League with a goalless draw at home to Arsenal on 16 May 2009 . This made them the first team ever to win three consecutive English top flight titles on two separate occasions , having previously done so between 1999 and 2001 .

neg: 2001 FA Charity Shield The 2001 FA Charity Shield was the 79th FA Charity Shield , an annual football match played between the winners of the previous season 's Premier League and FA Cup . The match was contested between Liverpool , winners of the 2000 -- 01 FA Cup and Manchester United , who won the 2000 -- 01 Premier League on 12 August 2001 . It was the first Shield match to be held at the Millennium Stadium following the closure of Wembley Stadium for reconstruction .   This was Liverpool 's 19th appearance and Manchester United 's 21st and the 5th time they had met in the competition . The anticipated meeting of Liverpool midfielder Steven Gerrard and new Manchester United signing Juan Sebastián Verón did not occur . Another omission from the Liverpool team was striker Robbie Fowler , who was left out of the matchday squad . New signings for both teams made an appearance , with defender John Arne Riise making his first appearance in English football for Liverpool , while striker Ruud van Nistelrooy made his debut for Manchester United .   Watched by a crowd of 70,027 spectators , Liverpool took the lead in the second minute when Gary McAllister scored from a free kick after a foul on Danny Murphy by Roy Keane . Liverpool extended their lead in the 16th minute when striker Michael Owen scored . Manchester United scored in the second half through Van Nistelrooy but were unable to find the equalising goal in the remaining minutes . Thus , Liverpool won the match 2 -- 1 to win the Shield for the 14th time . Despite the victory , Liverpool manager Gérard Houllier was realistic about his team 's prospects in the upcoming 2001 -- 02 FA Premier League . Manchester United manager Alex Ferguson was critical of referee Andy D'Urso 's performance after he turned down two penalty appeals from his side during the match . Liverpool 's victory marked their 14th success , while the match was United 's fourth consecutive loss in the competition .

neg: Billy Milne William `` Billy '' Milne DCM , also known locally as ` Stir ' , ( 24 November 1895 -- July 1975 ) , was a Scottish footballer who played for Arsenal , before becoming a long-standing member of the club 's backroom staff .   Born in Buckie , Banffshire , Milne started his career at his hometown club , Buckie Thistle in the Scottish Highland Football League , although his career was interrupted early on by World War I . During the war , Milne served with the Seaforth Highlanders in France and won the Distinguished Conduct Medal in 1918 . After hostilities ceased , Milne returned to Buckie , and to Buckie Thistle , where he made a name for himself as a tireless and enthusiastic wing half ( what would today be approximately a midfield position ) .   In September 1921 he made the long journey south by train ( Great North of Scotland Railway ) from Buckie to join London side Arsenal . Milne made his debut for Arsenal away to Cardiff City on 27 December 1921 , but only played another four games that season . However , the following season he became an established regular in the Arsenal side , as a right half , and continued to play there for another four seasons . However , after the arrival of Alf Baker he was dropped ; he was a bit-part player for the next few seasons , but in a match against Huddersfield Town on 2 April 1927 he broke his leg and his playing career was effectively finished . In all he played 124 times for Arsenal , scoring three goals .   Milne 's tenaciousness and high levels of fitness led Arsenal manager Herbert Chapman to retain Milne 's services , appointing him as assistant trainer to Tom Whittaker . During World War II he was stationed as an ARP warden at Highbury and was present the night the stadium was bombed with incendiary devices ; Milne helped put out the resulting fire and saved the stadium from even more serious damage .   Milne continued to hold the assistant trainer 's position until Whittaker himself became Arsenal manager in 1947 , upon which Milne became first-team trainer , and later club physiotherapist ; he also served the England team in a similar capacity . He fully retired in 1960 and was succeeded by Bertie Mee , who would later become Arsenal 's Double-winning manager . He died in 1975 , at the age of 79 .

neg: 1983 FA Charity Shield The 1983 FA Charity Shield was the 61st FA Charity Shield , an annual football match played between the winners of the previous season 's First Division and FA Cup competitions . The match was played on 20 August 1983 at Wembley Stadium and contested by Liverpool , who had won the 1982 -- 83 First Division , and Manchester United , who had won the 1982 -- 83 FA Cup . Manchester United won 2 -- 0 with a brace from captain Bryan Robson . It was Liverpool 's first competitive game under the management of Joe Fagan , who had been promoted from the coaching staff to replace the retiring Bob Paisley .

neg: Everton F.C. Everton F.C. -LSB- ˈɛvərtən -RSB- is a football club in Liverpool , England , that currently competes in the Premier League , the top flight of English football . The club have competed in the top division for a record 114 seasons and won the League Championship nine times , and the FA Cup five times .   Formed in 1878 , Everton were founding members of The Football League in 1888 and won their first League Championship two seasons later . Following four League Championship and two FA Cup wins , Everton experienced a lull in the immediate post World War Two period , until a revival in the 1960s , which saw the club win two League Championships and an FA Cup . The mid-1980s represented their most recent period of sustained success , with two League Championships , an FA Cup , and the 1985 European Cup Winners ' Cup . The club 's most recent major trophy was the 1995 FA Cup .   The club 's supporters are known as Evertonians . Everton have a rivalry with neighbours Liverpool , and the two sides contest the Merseyside derby . The club have been based at Goodison Park in Walton , Liverpool , since 1892 , after moving from Anfield following a row over its rent . The club 's home colours are royal blue shirts with white shorts and socks .

neg: 1979–80 Manchester United F.C. season The 1979 -- 80 season was Manchester United 's 78th season in the Football League , and their fifth consecutive season in the top division of English football . They finished the season second in the league , just two points behind champions Liverpool , and qualified for the 1980 -- 81 UEFA Cup . It was the first season at the club for new midfielder Ray Wilkins , signed in the 1979 close season for a club record fee of # 750,000 . However , United had gained a reputation for playing generally dull football under Sexton , and by the end of his third season as manager they had still yet to win a major trophy , as Liverpool ruled supreme in the English league .


query: Bangladesh is a founding member of nationalism.

pos: Bangladesh Bangladesh ( -LSB- bæŋɡləˈdɛʃ -RSB- -LSB- ˌbɑːŋɡləˈdɛʃ -RSB- -LSB- : bn : বাংলাদেশ , বাংলাদেশ -RSB- , -LSB- ˈbaŋlad̪eʃ -RSB- , lit . `` The country of Bengal '' ) , officially the People 's Republic of Bangladesh , is a country in South Asia . It shares land borders with India and Myanmar ( Burma ) . Nepal , Bhutan and China are located near Bangladesh but do not share a border with it . The country 's maritime territory in the Bay of Bengal is roughly equal to the size of its land area . Bangladesh is the world 's eighth most populous country . Dhaka is its capital and largest city , followed by Chittagong , which has the country 's largest port .   Bangladesh forms the largest and eastern part of the Bengal region . Bangladeshis include people of different ethnic groups and religions . Bengalis , who speak the official Bengali language , make up 98 % of the population . The politically dominant Bengali Muslims make the nation the world 's third largest Muslim-majority country . Most of Bangladesh is covered by the Bengal delta , the largest delta on Earth . The country has 700 rivers and 8,046 km ( 5,000 miles ) of inland waterways . Highlands with evergreen forests are found in the northeastern and southeastern regions of the country . Bangladesh has many islands and a coral reef . It is home to the Sundarbans , the largest mangrove forest in the world . The country 's biodiversity includes a vast array of plant and wildlife , including critically endangered Bengal tigers , the national animal .   The Greeks and Romans identified the region as Gangaridai , a powerful kingdom of the historical subcontinent , in the 3rd century BCE . Archaeological research has unearthed several ancient cities in Bangladesh , which had international trade links for millennia . The Bengal Sultanate and Mughal Bengal transformed the region into a cosmopolitan Islamic imperial power between the 14th and 18th centuries . The region was home to many principalities that had inland naval prowess . It was also a notable center of the worldwide muslin and silk trade . As part of British India , the region was influenced by the Bengali renaissance and played an important role in anti-colonial movements . The Partition of British India made East Bengal a part of the Dominion of Pakistan ; and was renamed as East Pakistan . The region witnessed the Bengali Language Movement in 1952 and the Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971 . After independence , a parliamentary republic was established . A presidential government was in place between 1975 and 1990 , followed by a return to parliamentary democracy . The country has also been affected by poverty , natural disasters , hunger , dominant party systems and military coups .   Bangladesh is a middle power and a major developing nation . Within South Asia , the country ranks first in gender equality , second in foreign exchange earnings and third in life expectancy and peacefulness . Listed as one of the Next Eleven , its economy ranks 46th in terms of nominal gross domestic product ( GDP ) and 29th in terms of purchasing power parity ( PPP ) . It is one of the largest textile exporters in the world . Its major trading partners are the European Union , the United States , China , India , Japan , Malaysia and Singapore . With its strategically vital location between Southern , Eastern and Southeast Asia , Bangladesh is an important promoter of regional connectivity and cooperation . It is a founding member of SAARC , BIMSTEC , the Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Forum for Regional Cooperation and the Bangladesh Bhutan India Nepal Initiative . It is also a member of the Commonwealth of Nations , the Developing 8 Countries , the OIC , the Non Aligned Movement , the Group of 77 and the World Trade Organization . Bangladesh is one of the largest contributors to United Nations peacekeeping forces .

neg: Bengali vocabulary Bengali ( বাংলা Bangla ) is one of the Magadhan languages , evolved from Magadhi Prakrit and Pali languages . The core of Bengali vocabulary is thus etymologically of Magadhi Prakrit and Pali languages . However , centuries of major borrowing and reborrowing from Arabic , Persian , Turkish , Sanskrit , Austroasiatic languages and other languages has led to the adoption of a wide range of words with foreign origins . Thus making the origins of borrowed and reborrowed words in the Bengali vocabulary numerous and diverse , due to centuries of contact with various languages .

neg: History of Bangladeshis in the United Kingdom Bangladeshis are one of the largest immigrant communities in the United Kingdom . Significant numbers of ethnic Bengali and ethnic Sylheti peoples arrived as early as the 17th century , mostly as lascar seamen working on ships . Following the founding of Bangladesh in 1971 , a large immigration to Britain took place during the 1970s , leading to the establishment of a British Bangladeshi community . Bangladeshis were encouraged to move to Britain during that decade because of changes in immigration laws , natural disasters such as the Bhola cyclone , the Bangladesh Liberation War against Pakistan , and the desire to escape poverty , and the perception of a better living led Sylheti men bringing their families.Murshid , Ghulam . 2008 . The call of the sea : History of Bangali in Britain -LSB- in Bengali : Kalapanir hatchani : Bilete  Bangaleer itihash -RSB- ( Dhaka , Abosar ) . During the 1970s and 1980s , they experienced institutionalised racism and racial attacks by organised ultra-right fascist groups such as National Front and British Nationalist Party .

neg: Indigenous peoples in Bangladesh The indigenous peoples of Bangladesh refer to native ethnic minorities in southeastern , northwestern , north-central and northeastern regions of the country . These regions include the Chittagong Hill Tracts , Sylhet Division , Rajshahi Division and Mymensingh District . The total population of indigenous ethnic minorities in Bangladesh was estimated to be over 2 million in 2010 . They are diverse ethnic communities including Australoid , Tibeto-Burman and Sino-Tibetan races . Vast number of indigenous tribes of Bangladesh are Buddhists and Hindus by faith while the remaining few are Christians and animists .

neg: Bangladesh Olympic Association Bangladesh Olympic Association ( বাংলাদেশ অলিম্পিক সংস্থা IOC code : BAN ) is the National Olympic Committee representing Bangladesh . It is also the body responsible for Bangladesh 's representation at the Commonwealth Games .

neg: Scottish nationalism Scottish nationalism promotes the idea that the Scottish people form a cohesive nation and national identity and is closely linked to the cause of Scottish home rule and Scottish independence , the ideology of the Scottish National Party , the party forming the Scottish Government . It is often described as a form of civic nationalism rather than ethnic nationalism .   The Acts of Union merged the independent kingdoms of Scotland and England into Great Britain in 1707 , but a separate legal system and distinct Scottish institutions continued to exist .   Linguistic independence was an important part of the twentieth century Scottish Renaissance , associated with the nationalist impetus provided by Hugh MacDiarmid .

neg: Indian National Association The Indian National Association also known as Indian Association was the first avowed nationalist organization founded in British India by Surendranath Banerjee and Ananda Mohan Bose in 1876 . The objectives of this Association were `` promoting by every legitimate means the political , intellectual and material advancement of the people '' . The Association attracted educated Indians and civic leaders from all parts of the country , and became an important forum for India 's aspirations for independence . It later merged with the Indian National Congress .

neg: Brotherhood and unity Brotherhood and unity was a popular slogan of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia that was coined during the Yugoslav People 's Liberation War ( 1941 -- 45 ) , and which evolved into a guiding principle of Yugoslavia 's post-war inter-ethnic policy . In Slovenia , the slogan `` Brotherhood and Peace '' ( bratstvo i mir ) was used in the beginning .   After the invasion of Yugoslavia by Axis forces in April 1941 , the occupying powers and their helpers sought to systematically incite hatred among the many national , ethnic and religious groups of Yugoslavia . The Yugoslav Communist Party successfully publicized the brotherhood and unity of Yugoslavia 's nations ( narodi ) and national minorities ( nacionalne manjine , later renamed to narodnosti ) in their struggle against the fascist enemy and domestic collaborators . The decision of the second session of AVNOJ on the federalization of Yugoslavia in 1943 was regarded as the recognition of this Brotherhood and Unity principle .   After the war , the slogan designated the official policy of inter-ethnic relations in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia , as embodied in its federal constitutions of 1963 and of 1974 . The policy prescribed that Yugoslavia 's nations ( Serbs , Macedonians , Croats , Slovenes , Montenegrins , Muslims ) and national minorities ( Albanians , Hungarians , Romanians , Bulgarians , Jews , Italians , and others ) are equal groups that coexist peacefully in the federation , promoting their similarities and interdependence in order to overcome national conflicts and hatred . Every individual was entitled to the expression of their own culture , while the ethnic groups had an oath to one another to maintain peaceful relations . Citizens were also encouraged and allowed to declare their nationality as Yugoslav , which usually polled at 10 % . The policy also led to the adoption of national quota systems in all public institutions , including economic organizations , in which national groups were represented by their republic 's or province 's national composition .   Throughout Yugoslavia many factories , schools , public venues , folklore ensembles and sporting teams used to be named `` Brotherhood and unity '' , as well as the Ljubljana-Zagreb-Beograd-Skopje highway ( Highway `` Brotherhood and Unity '' ) . The country had a decoration called the Order of the Brotherhood and Unity .   Several prominent persons from former Yugoslavia were convicted for activities deemed to threaten the brotherhood and unity , such as acts of chauvinist propaganda , separatism and irredentism . Among the convicts were the former presidents of Bosnia and Herzegovina ( Alija Izetbegović ) and Croatia ( Franjo Tuđman and Stjepan Mesić ) , Croatian army general of Albanian descent Rahim Ademi and many others . One Kosovo Albanian , Adem Demaçi , was imprisoned for almost 30 years for allegations of espionage and irredentism .

neg: Stateless nation Stateless nation is a political term for ethnic/national minority that does not possess its own state and is not the majority population in any nation state . The term implies that the group `` should have '' such a state . Members of stateless ethnic groups may be citizens/nationals of the country in which they live , or they may be denied citizenship by that country . Stateless nations are usually not represented as a nation in international sports such as FIFA , Olympics or in international communities such as the United Nations . Nations without state are classified as fourth world nations . Some of the stateless nations have a great heritage and a long tradition of statehood in the past and some were always a stateless nation , which was dominated by another nation for a large part of its history .   Stateless nations either are dispersed across a number of states ( for example , the Yoruba people are found in the African states of Nigeria , Benin and Togo ) or form the native population of a province within a larger state ( such as the Uyghur people in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region within the People 's Republic of China ) . Some stateless nations historically had a state , which was absorbed by another ; for example , Tibet 's declaration of independence in 1913 was not recognized , and it was invaded in 1951 by the People 's Republic of China which claims that Tibet is an integral part of China , while the Tibetan government-in-exile maintains that Tibet is an independent state under unlawful occupation . Some ethnic groups were once a stateless nation that later became a nation state ( for example , the nations of the Balkans such as the Croats , Serbs , Bosniaks , Slovenes , Montenegrins , Kosovars and Macedonians were once part of a multinational state of Yugoslavia . Since the breakup of Yugoslavia many nation states were formed ) .   Stateless nations can have large population . For example , The Tamils are a stateless nation in South Asia with a population of more than 70 million . They form one of the largest ethnic groups in South India . Governments may respond differently on stateless nations in their states . For example , the suppression of the Tamil people in Sri Lanka led to one of the longest and most violent separatist conflict between 1983 and 2009 . However , a similar ethnic conflict was absent among Tamils in India during this period , because they were peacefully integrated into the federal structure of India . Multiple stateless nations can reside in the same region . For example , Catalans , Basques , Aragonese , Galicians , Asturians , Valencians , Andalusians in Iberian Peninsula or the Brahui , Santhals and Balochs in South Asia .   The Romani people are another stateless people . They may be a special case being distributed among numerous countries with no clear homeland ; as a traditionally `` nomadic '' people , the Romani/Roma are a classical `` stateless nation '' without aspiration to sovereign territory . As not all states are nation states , there are a number of ethnic groups who live in a multinational state without being considered `` stateless nations '' .

neg: Non-Aligned Movement The Non-Aligned Movement ( NAM ) is a group of states that are not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc . , the movement has 120 members .   The purpose of the organization has been enumerated as to ensure `` the national independence , sovereignty , territorial integrity and security of non-aligned countries '' in their `` struggle against imperialism , colonialism , neo-colonialism , racism , and all forms of foreign aggression , occupation , domination , interference or hegemony as well as against great power and bloc politics , '' by Fidel Castro in the Havana Declaration of 1979 . The countries of the Non-Aligned Movement represent nearly two-thirds of the United Nations ' members and contain 55 % of the world population . Membership is particularly concentrated in countries considered to be developing or part of the Third World .   Although many of the Non-Aligned Movement 's members were actually quite closely aligned with one or another of the superpowers , the movement still maintained cohesion throughout the Cold War , even despite several conflicts between members which also threatened the movement . In the years since the Cold War 's end , it has focused on developing multilateral ties and connections as well as unity among the developing nations of the world , especially those within the Global South .

neg: Armenian nationalism Armenian nationalism in the modern period has its roots in the romantic nationalism of Mikayel Chamchian ( 1738 -- 1823 ) and generally defined as the creation of a free , independent and united Armenia formulated as the Armenian Cause ( հայ դատ , -LSB- -LSB- hɑj dɑt -RSB- -RSB- or Hye Dat ) . Armenian national awakening developed in the 1880s in the context of the general rise of nationalism under the Ottoman Empire . The Russian Armenia followed with significant causes . The Armenian Apostolic Church has been a great defender of Armenian nationalism , with leaders like Khrimian Hayrik who devoted his life to the peasantry . The establishment of modern Armenia ( 1991 ) and Armenian social fabric becoming more complex gradually decrease the political influence of Hay Dat and shifted towards a modern Armenian nationalism modeled as a liberal nationalism . On the other hand , the Armenian diaspora have `` diaspora nationalism , '' which maintain that the threat of assimilation rather than economic advantage .

neg: Bangladesh Nazrul Sena The Bangladesh Nazrul Sena ( Bangladesh Nazrul Army ) is an NGO , public service organization working for the education , health and upliftment of children , adolescents and young adults in Bangladesh . It is named after famous Bengali poet , writer and musician Kazi Nazrul Islam , whose philosophy has inspired the purpose and mission of the organization .

neg: Narayan Sen Narayan Sen ( 1912 -- 1956 ) was a Bengali revolutionary in the Indian independence movement . He was born in British India , present-day Bangladesh . His father 's name was Sureshchandra Sen.

neg: Bengali Christians Bengali Christians also known as Firingis , are adherents of Christianity among the Bengali people . They speak the Bengali language and are native to Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal . The majority of Bengali Christians are Roman Catholics .   Christianity took root in Bengal after the arrival of Portuguese voyagers in the 16th century . It witnessed further conversions among the Bengali elite during the 19th century Bengali renaissance .   Bengali Christians have made significant contributions to Bengali culture , commerce and society . The region is home to venerable Christian missionary institutions , including the Missionaries of Charity founded by Mother Teresa .

neg: Bangladeshi (disambiguation) Bangladeshi may refer to :

neg: International Crimes Tribunal (Bangladesh) The International Crimes Tribunal ( Bangladesh ) ( ICT of Bangladesh ) is a domestic war crimes tribunal in Bangladesh set up in 2009 to investigate and prosecute suspects for the genocide committed in 1971 by the Pakistan Army and their local collaborators , Razakars , Al-Badr and Al-Shams during the Bangladesh Liberation War . During the 2008 general election , the Awami League ( AL ) pledged to establish the tribunals in response to long-standing calls for trying war criminals . The first indictments were issued in 2010 . However , the main perpetrators of the war crimes , the Pakistan soldiers , remained out of the reach of the courts .   The government set up the tribunal after the Awami League won the general election in December 2008 with a more than two-thirds majority in parliament . The War Crimes Fact Finding Committee , tasked to investigate and find evidence , completed its report in 2008 , identifying 1,600 suspects . Prior to the formation of the ICT , the United Nations Development Programme offered assistance in 2009 on the tribunal 's formation . In 2009 , the parliament amended the 1973 act that authorised such a tribunal to update it .   By 2012 , nine leaders of Jamaat-e-Islami , the largest Islamist party in the nation , and two of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party , had been indicted as suspects in war crimes . Three leaders of Jamaat were the first tried ; each were convicted of several charges of war crimes . The first person convicted was Abul Kalam Azad , tried in absentia as he had left the country ; he was sentenced to death in January 2013 .   The ICT initially received some offers of international assistance . In 2009 , the UN offered its expertise , expressing an interest in helping Bangladesh avoid the problems other countries faced in similar trials . The EU has passed three resolutions supporting the trials and Jean Lambert has said `` she expected that the trial would conform to the highest standard possible . ''   However , since the beginning of the trials several human rights organisations and international legal figures have raised objections to the court proceedings . Human Rights Watch , which initially supported the establishment of the tribunal , have criticised it for issues of fairness and transparency , as well as reported harassment of lawyers and witnesses representing the accused . Bianca Karim and Tirza Theunissen have written that the international community have voiced concerns that the trial will not be transparent or impartial .   Jamaat-e-Islami supporters and their student wing , Bangladesh Islami Chhatra Shibir , called a general strike nationwide on 4 December 2012 , which erupted in violence . The group demanded the tribunal be scrapped permanently and their leaders be released immediately .   Annual public opinion polls regularly rank the war-crimes trials ranked among the top three `` positive steps that the government has taken '' , though the issue is not considered among the top ten most pressing issues facing the country . Polling in 2013 by AC Nielsen found that more than two-thirds of Bangladeshis characterise the ICT as `` unfair '' or `` very unfair '' , though 86 % support its implementation .   In February 2013 , Abdul Quader Molla , Assistant Secretary General of Jamaat , was the first person sentenced to death by the ICT who was not convicted in absentia . Initially , Molla was sentenced to life imprisonment , but demonstrations , including the 2013 Shahbag protests in Dhaka , lead to a new punishment .

neg: Football in Bangladesh Throughout history , football has been the most popular sport in Bangladesh and is governed by the Bangladesh Football Federation ( BFF ) .   Compared to the past , the standard of Bangladeshi football has degraded due to mismanagement , lack of support and poor investment . An interest in cricket resulting from the nation 's success in Test Cricket and participation in the Cricket World Cup overshadowed the past fame in the nation 's football . But however this did not affect football 's popularity . More football tournaments are organized in and outside Dhaka than of any other sports and football fever grips the nation during every FIFA World Cup . Federation officials and experts are still hopeful about the development of football in the country in the next ten years despite financial obstacles and lack of professionalism .

neg: International recognition of Bangladesh The Bangladesh Liberation War ( মুক্তিযুদ্ধ Muktijuddho ) was a revolutionary independence war in South Asia during 1971 which established the republic of Bangladesh . The war pitted East Pakistan against West Pakistan , and lasted over a duration of nine months . It witnessed large-scale atrocities , the exodus of 10 million refugees and the displacement of 30 million people .   The war broke out on 26 March 1971 , when the Pakistani Army launched a military operation called Operation Searchlight against Bengali civilians , students , intelligentsia and armed personnel , who were demanding that the Pakistani military junta accept the results of the 1970 first democratic elections of Pakistan , which were won by an eastern party , or to allow separation between East and West Pakistan . Bengali politicians and army officers announced the declaration of Bangladesh 's independence in response to Operation Searchlight . Bengali military , paramilitary and civilians formed the Mukti Bahini ( মুক্তি বাহিনী `` Liberation Army '' ) , which engaged in guerrilla warfare against Pakistani forces . The Pakistan Army , in collusion with religious extremist militias ( the Razakars , Al-Badr and Al-Shams ) , engaged in the systematic genocide and atrocities of Bengali civilians , particularly nationalists , intellectuals , youth and religious minorities . Bangladesh government-in-exile was set up in the city of Calcutta ( now Kolkata ) in the Indian State of West Bengal .   India entered the war on 3 December 1971 , after Pakistan launched pre-emptive air strikes on northern India . Overwhelmed by two war fronts , Pakistani defences soon collapsed . On 16 December , the Allied Forces of Bangladesh and India defeated Pakistan in the east . The subsequent surrender resulted in the largest number of prisoners-of-war since World War II .

neg: The Bangladesh Today The Bangladesh Today is a national daily newspaper in Bangladesh , published from Dhaka in the English language . It started on 26 January 2002 .

neg: Shanti Bahini The Shanti Bahini ( শান্তি বাহিনী meaning `` Peace Force '' ) was the name of the armed wing of the Parbatya Chattagram Jana Samhati Samiti ( United People 's Party of the Chittagong Hill Tracts ) in Bangladesh . It is considerend an insurgent group in Bangladesh . The Shanti Bahini was made out of mostly members from the Chakma tribe .

neg: Bangladesh–North Korea relations Bangladesh -- North Korea relations refer to the bilateral relations between Bangladesh and North Korea .


query: Jon Pertwee took part in Worzel Gummidge.

pos: Jon Pertwee John Devon Roland Pertwee ( 7 July 1919 -- 20 May 1996 ) , known professionally as Jon Pertwee , was an English actor , entertainer and cabaret performer .   Pertwee is most known for starring as the Third Doctor in the science-fiction series Doctor Who between 1970 and 1974 . Pertwee also spent 18 years ( 1959 -- 1977 ) playing Chief petty officer Pertwee in The Navy Lark on BBC Radio . He later played the title character in the series Worzel Gummidge from 1979 to 1981 , and again from 1987 to 1989 .   As an actor , Pertwee appeared in many comedy roles and was once described as having `` rubbery features and ability to affect silly voices '' . Earlier in his career , Pertwee had worked as a vaudeville comedian , performed at the Glasgow Empire Theatre and shared a bill with Max Wall and Jimmy James . Towards the end of his life , he performed to audiences in a one-man show called Who Is Jon Pertwee ? .

neg: Jonathan Wilson (actor) Jonathan Wilson is a Canadian actor , voice artist , comedian , and playwright , best known for his 1996 play My Own Private Oshawa . The play , a semi-autobiographical comedy about growing up gay in Oshawa , Ontario , was also optioned by Sandra Faire 's SFA Productions for production as a film , which won an award at the Columbus International Film & Video Festival in 2002 before premiering as a television movie on CTV in 2005 .   Wilson was a member of The Second City 's Toronto cast in the early 1990s . He later collaborated with fellow Second City alumni Kathy Greenwood and Ed Sahely on the stage show Not to Be Repeated , in which the three performed a two-act improvisational narrative comedy play in each performance . The show was also later developed into a short-run television series , This Sitcom Is ... Not to Be Repeated , for The Comedy Network in 2001 .   Wilson 's other acting credits include voice roles in Mia and Me , Little Bear , Harry and His Bucket Full of Dinosaurs , Totally Spies ! , Skatoony , Camp Lakebottom , Yin Yang Yo ! , Get Ed , BeyWheelz , Iggy Arbuckle , Miss Spider 's Sunny Patch Friends , recurring roles in Traders , Sue Thomas F.B.Eye and This Is Wonderland , film roles in House , Saint Ralph , New York Minute , PCU , Rubber Carpet and Brain Candy , and stage productions of The Laramie Project , The Lion King , and The Normal Heart . He won a Dora Mavor Moore Award for Outstanding Performance in a Featured Role - Play or Musical for his performance as Timon in The Lion King .

neg: Word-of-mouth marketing Word-of-mouth marketing ( WOMM , WOM marketing ) , also called word of mouth advertising , differs from naturally occurring word of mouth , in that it is actively influenced or encouraged by organizations ( e.g. ` seeding ' a message in a network , rewarding regular consumers to engage in WOM , employing WOM ` agents ' ) . While it is difficult to truly control WOM , research has shown that there are three generic avenues to ` manage ' WOM for the purpose of WOMM : 1 . ) Build a strong WOM foundation ( e.g. sufficient levels of satisfaction , trust and commitment ) , 2 . ) Indirect WOMM management which implies that managers only have a moderate amount of control ( e.g. controversial advertising , teaser campaigns , customer membership clubs ) , 3 . ) Direct WOMM management , which has higher levels of control ( e.g. paid WOM ` agents ' , `` friend get friend '' schemes ) . Proconsumer WOM has been suggested as a counterweight to commercially motivated word of mouth .

neg: Wizards of Waverly Place Wizards of Waverly Place is an American fantasy teen sitcom which ran from October 12 , 2007 to January 6 , 2012 on Disney Channel . The series was created by Todd J. Greenwald , and stars Selena Gomez , David Henrie and Jake T. Austin as three wizard siblings with magical abilities competing to win sole custody of the family powers . Further main cast includes Jennifer Stone , Maria Canals Barrera , and David DeLuise .   The series won `` Outstanding Children 's Program '' at the 61st Primetime Emmy Awards in 2009 . A film adaptation of the series , Wizards of Waverly Place : The Movie , premiered as a Disney Channel Original Movie on August 28 , 2009 . The film adaptation won `` Outstanding Children 's Program '' at the 62nd Primetime Emmy Awards earning the series its second consecutive Emmy . The farewell season won `` Outstanding Children 's Program '' at the 64th Primetime Emmy Awards bringing the franchise 's total to three Emmy awards . Wizards of Waverly Place ended with 106 episodes over four seasons , surpassing That 's So Raven . Its series finale averaged nearly 10 million viewers ( live and total views on same day ) , which made that episode the most-watched series finale in Disney Channel 's history .   On March 15 , 2013 , The Wizards Return : Alex vs. Alex premiered as a one-hour television special .

neg: Pez Pez ( trademarked PEZ in capitals ) is the brand name of an Austrian peppermint and associated mechanical pocket dispensers . The mint is a pressed , dry , straight-edged , curved-corner block ( 15 mm ( 5/8 inch ) long , 8 mm ( 5/16 inch ) wide , and 5 mm ( 3/16 inch ) high ) , with Pez dispensers holding 12 Pez pieces .   Pez was invented in Austria , and later exported worldwide . The all-uppercase spelling of the logo echoes the trademark 's style on the packaging and the dispensers , with the logo drawn in perspective and giving the appearance that the letters are built out of 44 brick-like Pez mints ( 14 bricks in the P and 15 in each of the E and Z ) .   Despite the widespread recognition and popularity of the Pez dispenser , the company considers itself to be primarily a peppermint company , and over 3 billion bricks are consumed each year in the U.S. alone . Pez dispensers are part of popular culture in many nations , an example being ` Soul Candy ' in Japanese manga series Bleach . Because of the large number of dispenser designs over the years , they are collected by enthusiasts .

neg: Potting On Potting On is a radio situation comedy broadcast on BBC Radio 4 . It stars poet and author Pam Ayres and veteran actor Geoffrey Whitehead as an aging couple running a garden centre with the help of various oddball employees . The supporting cast includes Trevor Bannister , Alex Tregear , and Karl Theobald . The show is written by Chris Thompson and Peter Reynolds .   Pam and Gordon ( Ayres and Whitehead ) are a long-married couple . Gordon is a creature of habit while Pam longs to break out of her humdrum routine . The humour revolves around her efforts to persuade him to try something new , or at least stop holding her back . For instance , for their annual holiday , Gordon is content to return to their caravan which has been parked for years in Swanage , while she tries to organize a trip to some exotic location overseas , or at least somewhere other than Swanage .   Geoffrey Whitehead 's role is to set up situations into which Pam Ayres delivers punchlines in her distinctive brogue . For example , in an episode where Gordon becomes obsessed by an Indiana Jones-style computer game and stays up till the early hours of the morning , there is the following exchange :   Gordon : I 'm trying to find the hidden treasures of Nefertiti !  Pam : Well come to bed then , I 'll make sure you get yer ` ands on 'em !   The same actors portray Pam and Gordon in sketches on the comedy and poetry show Ayres on the Air .

neg: Ralf Little Ralf Alastair John Little ( born 8 February 1980 ) is an English actor , writer and semi-professional footballer , working mainly in television comedy . He has played Antony Royle in The Royle Family and Jonny Keogh in the first six series of Two Pints of Lager and a Packet of Crisps .

neg: The Bubble (30 Rock) `` The Bubble '' is the fifteenth episode of the third season of the American television series 30 Rock . It was written by series ' creator Tina Fey and directed by Tricia Brock . The episode originally aired on the National Broadcasting Company ( NBC ) in the United States on March 19 , 2009 . Jon Hamm and Bobb ' e J. Thompson guest star in this episode , and there are cameo appearances by Calvin Klein and Meredith Vieira .   In the episode , Liz Lemon ( Fey ) discovers that her boyfriend Drew ( Hamm ) lives in a `` bubble '' because of his good looks , and has never experienced many of the unpleasant phenomena in life . At the same time , Tracy Jordan ( Tracy Morgan ) decides to leave the fictitious sketch comedy show The Girlie Show with Tracy Jordan ( TGS ) because he no longer needs the money , and Jenna Maroney ( Jane Krakowski ) decides to cut her hair as a publicity stunt .   `` The Bubble '' received generally positive reviews . According to the Nielsen ratings system , it was watched by 7 million households during its original broadcast . For their performances in this episode , Hamm and Jack McBrayerthe latter playing Kenneth Parcellreceived Primetime Emmy Award nominations in the categories for Outstanding Guest Actor in a Comedy Series and Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series , respectively .

neg: Wizard Wars Wizard Wars is a reality competition show in which teams of magicians create and perform original magic routines before a live studio audience . Their acts are judged on creativity , deception , and showmanship . Vegas headliners Penn & Teller head up the judging panel , alongside magic critic Christen Gerhart and World Champion of Magic Jason Latimer . Wizard Wars also features four `` home team '' magicians -- the `` Wizards '' -- who return every week to take on new teams of `` challengers . '' Wizards include street magician Justin Flom , stage illusionist David Shimshi , mentalist Angela Funovits , and con man Gregory Wilson . The series premiered August 19 , 2014   Wizard Wars was created in 2012 by Vegas-based magic consultant Rick Lax and street magician Justin Flom . Flom filmed the original Wizard Wars pilot in Lax 's apartment , on a $ 15 budget . The competing magicians created routines with placemats , beach balls , colored erasers and fake oranges . Flom 's YouTube video , featured on Wired.com and BoingBoing.com , caught the eye of production company A. Smith & Co. , who worked with Lax and Flom to sell the show to the Syfy network . Flom now stars in the show as a `` Wizard '' ; Lax works behind the scene as a producer and magic consultant .   Notable magicians appearing on Wizard Wars include Las Vegas headliners Murray SawChuck , Tommy Wind , Nathan Burton , Greg Dow , America 's Got Talent 's Leon Etienne ( Season 8 ) , and Naathan Phan .   Over a million people watched the Wizard Wars series premiere . The episode highlighted Canadian illusionists Chris Funk and Ekaterina , who ended up losing the `` Wizard War '' to `` Wizards '' Gregory Wilson and Justin Flom .   Speaking on behalf of Flom and himself , Lax said this of the Internet-to-series premier journey : `` The most unlikely part of the YouTube-video-to-Syfy-show transition was that the original Wizard Wars vision stayed in shape ... Everyone told me , ` Hollywood is going to tear your idea apart , ' but that did n't happen . Only thing that happened was the magic got bigger and better . ''   Wizard Wars maintained `` very solid ratings '' and was renewed for another six episodes . In these six episodes ( `` Season 1.5 '' ) former Challenger Billy Kidd joins the cast as a full-fledged Wizard .

neg: The Vicar of Dibley The Vicar of Dibley is a British sitcom which originally ran on BBC One from 10 November 1994 to 22 January 1998 ( with three sets of specials in the Winters of 1999/2000 , 2004/5 and 2006/7 ) . It is set in a fictional small Oxfordshire village called Dibley , which is assigned a female vicar following the 1992 changes in the Church of England that permitted the ordination of women .   In ratings terms , the programme is among the most successful in the digital era , with the various Christmas and New Year specials in 1999 , 2004 , 2005 , 2006 and 2007 all entering the top 10 programmes of the year .  The Vicar of Dibley received multiple British Comedy Awards ( including a Best TV Comedy Actress Award for Emma Chambers ) , two International Emmys , and was a multiple British Academy Television Awards nominee . In 2004 , it placed third in a BBC poll of Britain 's Best Sitcom .   The series has also done six charity special shorts , for Comic Relief , the most recent in 2015 .

neg: Wordsworth (rapper) Wordsworth ( born Vinson Jamel Johnson ) is an underground hip hop MC from Brooklyn , best known for his freestyle rap .   Wordsworth grew up in Brooklyn . A graduate of the State University of New York College at Old Westbury , Wordsworth recorded with his partner Punchline ( they worked as `` Punch 'N' Words '' ) on A Tribe Called Quest 's The Love Movement and on Mos Def and Talib Kweli 's Black Star . Wordsworth and Punchline were featured heavily on Connecticut rapper Apathy 's mixtapes , and collaborated with fellow Demigodz member , Rise . He was also involved in the critically acclaimed MTV comedy sketch series Lyricist Lounge .   He made his solo debut in September 2004 with Mirror Music . He also featured in a Slam Bush music video in which he is hip hop `` battling '' a nervous George W. Bush ( or at least footage of him taken from other videos ) . Words is a member of the supergroup eMC , alongside Masta Ace , Punchline and Strick . He was the vocalist on Prince Paul 's Bubble Party for The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie soundtrack . He also appears in the Kevin Fitzgerald film Freestyle : The Art of Rhyme . Wordsworth is also featured on the debut album Series Premiere from Toronto hip-hop duo , Perfeck Strangers in the track `` Dreams '' .   He announced a new album , The Photo Album , that was released in June 2012 .

neg: Meet the Woggels! `` Meet the Woggels ! '' is the seventeenth episode of the sixth season of the American television comedy series 30 Rock , and the 120th overall episode of the series . It was directed by Linda Mendoza , and written by Ron Weiner . The episode originally aired on the National Broadcasting Company ( NBC ) network in the United States on April 12 , 2012 .   In the episode , Jack 's mother becomes seriously ill , forcing him to confront his feelings for her ; Jenna ( Jane Krakowski ) dates a member of a children 's musical group ; and Tracy ( Tracy Morgan ) laments that his son is going to attend college .

neg: Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (film) Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix is a 2007 British-American fantasy film directed by David Yates and distributed by Warner Bros. . Pictures . It is based on the novel of the same name by J. K. Rowling . The film , which is the fifth instalment in the Harry Potter film series , was written by Michael Goldenberg ( making this the only film in the series not to be scripted by Steve Kloves ) and produced by David Heyman and David Barron . The story follows Harry Potter 's fifth year at Hogwarts as the Ministry of Magic is in denial of Lord Voldemort 's return .   The film stars Daniel Radcliffe as Harry Potter , alongside Rupert Grint and Emma Watson as Harry 's best friends Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger . It is the sequel to Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire and is followed by Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince .   Live-action filming took place in England and Scotland for exterior locations and Leavesden Film Studios in Watford for interior locations from February to November 2006 , with a one-month break in June . Post-production on the film continued for several months afterwards to add in visual effects . The film 's budget was reportedly between # 75 and 100 million ( $ 150 -- 200 million ) . Warner Bros. released the film in the United Kingdom on 12 July 2007 and in North America on 11 July , both in conventional and IMAX theatres ; it is the first Potter film to be released in IMAX 3D .   As of April 2017 , Order of the Phoenix is the 39th-highest-grossing film of all time , and a critical and commercial success . The film opened to a worldwide 5-day opening of $ 333 million , fourteenth all-time , and grossed nearly $ 940 million total , second to Pirates of the Caribbean : At World 's End for the greatest total of 2007 . The film was nominated for two BAFTA Film Awards in 2008 .

neg: Wotsits Wotsits is a brand of cheesy flavour corn puffs sold by Walkers . The most common form are cheese flavoured curly shapes . However , over the years , various other shapes ( such as waffle-shaped Wotsits ) and flavours ( such as prawn cocktail and flaming hot ) have also been sold . `` Limited edition '' Wotsits have also appeared on more than one occasion . The brand was stretched into Whopping Wotsits , Weenie Wotsits , Waffle Wotsits as well as frozen Wotsits . All came into the market under Golden Wonder 's ownership managed by Sir Nigel Parrott between the years 1993 and 2002 .   The brand name occurs in the singular , `` Wotsit '' , referring to an individual corn puff . It is an allusion to the slang term `` whatsit '' , to which it is phonetically identical . Wotsits packaging often come with a joke or trivia section on the back . The brand was the first to introduce inserts into its packs in 1994 , with the insertion of `` Pogs '' . It also inserted merlin football stickers and other inserts aimed at 11-year-old boys . The brand was advertised with the strapline `` you only get a whoosh with a Wotsit '' between 1994 and 2002 following a campaign designed by JWT of a play on words .   The brand was previously owned by Golden Wonder , but was sold off separately to Walkers when Golden Wonder changed hands in 2002 . Prior to this , Walkers sold the similar American product Cheetos , which was considered a rival in the UK market .   In 2003 , the advertising agency Abbott Mead Vickers made a public apology when the Parliamentary Select Committee on Health brought to light a private brief that it had made to Frito-Lay ( Walkers ' owners ) where it proposed encouraging children ( 4 to 9 years old ) to believe that `` Wotsits are for me -- I 'm going to buy them when I get the chance and pester Mum for them when she next goes shopping '' .   Another variety of Wotsits were `` Mealtime Potato Shapes '' , made from potato and cheese and meant to be baked in the oven . They were launched in 2000 , but were discontinued .   In February 2007 , Wotsits were re-launched as the way they were being cooked changed . Instead of frying Wotsits , they started baking them . They were put into new packaging ( along with other Walkers brands such as Quavers and Monster Munch ) to coincide with the fact they were being baked and in 2009 , Wotsits , Quavers , Squares and French Fries changed packaging again to show that Wotsits now have 95 calories in multipack bags and 99 calories in standard bags .   Wotsits were the sponsor of SMTV Live from 4 January 2003 until the show 's discontinuation on 27 December 2003 .   Wotsits are featured as the main course of the officers ' dinner in the British sci-fi sitcom , Hyperdrive .   A limited edition flavour Zombie Fingers was put on sale for Halloween in 2013 and has returned at following Halloweens .

neg: Jerzy Owsiak Jerzy Owsiak , ( born 6 October 1953 in Gdańsk ) is a Polish journalist and social campaigner . He is a founder and President of the Wielka Orkiestra Świątecznej Pomocy ( WOŚP ) , one of the largest non-governmental , non-profit , charity organizations in Poland . Owsiak is the main initiator and promoter for the group 's Grand Finale , an annual worldwide festival involving music and other components intended to raise money for the medical care of children suffering from urological and kidney diseases . He is also the creator of Przystanek Woodstock ( simply : the `` Woodstock Festival '' ) , a large rock music festival that takes place in Kostrzyn , to thank all the volunteers and supporters who take part in the Grand Finale each year .   Owsiak is married to Lidia Niedźwiedzka-Owsiak , the Medical Affairs Director for the WOŚP . He is also a stained glass maker , and he has qualifications in Psychotherapy .

neg: Theatre of Cruelty (Discworld) `` Theatre of Cruelty '' is a short Discworld story by Terry Pratchett written in 1993 . The name derives from a concept of Antonin Artaud ( Theatre of Cruelty ) .   It was originally written for W. H. Smith Bookcase magazine and was then slightly modified and extended , being published again in the programme of the OryCon 15 convention , and then again in The Wizards of Odd , a compilation of fantasy short stories .   It has since been made available on the Internet along with dozens of translations by fans , with Pratchett having stated , `` I do n't want to see it distributed in print anywhere but do n't mind people downloading it for their own enjoyment . ''   The story involves both the Ankh-Morpork City Watch and a parallel of Punch and Judy .   A murder has been committed : a street entertainer , found apparently battered to death with a very small blunt object , on him bite marks from a very small crocodile . Investigating the incident in his typically direct manner , Carrot Ironfoundersson discovers the death was an accident , the man having choked on a swazzle . It emerges that the entertainer had invented a parallel , live-action version of Punch and Judy , using -- and abusing -- a troupe of gnomes as the live cast . Carrot asserts that such brutal theatre could never find favour in Ankh-Morpork : `` That 's not the way to do it '' .

neg: Jasper Carrott Jasper Carrott , OBE ( born Robert Norman Davis ; 14 March 1945 ) is an English comedian , actor , singer , television presenter , and personality .

neg: KP Snacks KP Snacks is a British producer of branded and own-label maize - , potato - , and nut-based snacks , `` Choc Dips '' and nuts . The KP originally stood for Kenyon Produce . The company is based in Slough , Berkshire , England .   The company was founded in 1853 as Kenyon & Son as a producer of confectionery , jam and pickles . By 1891 the company had become Kenyon & Son and Craven Limited . The company switched to producing roasted and salted hazelnuts in 1948 , expanding to peanuts later . These were originally produced for sale in cinemas . In 1952 the company introduced Hercules Nuts and in 1953 the No. 1 KP Nuts peanut brand .   The company became part of United Biscuits ( UB ) in 1968 . The KP Snacks subsidiary produces a range of packet snack brands including Hula Hoops , Skips , McCoy 's , Frisps , Brannigan 's , Royster 's , Space Raiders , Discos , and Phileas Fogg . The snacks part is based on Teesside and in Rotherham , near the UB distribution warehouse .   The Ashby-de-la-Zouch site won a `` Best Factory Award '' in 2004 .   UB sold the company to the German company Intersnack in December 2012 for # 500 million .

neg: Disney's Adventures of the Gummi Bears Disney 's Adventures of the Gummi Bears is a Disney animated television series that first aired in the United States from 1985 to 1991 . The series was the first animated production by Walt Disney Animation Television , and loosely inspired by the gummy bear candies ; Disney CEO Michael Eisner was struck with inspiration for the show when his son requested the candies one day . The series premiered on NBC on September 14 , 1985 , and aired there for four seasons . The series moved to ABC for one season from 1989 to 1990 ( airing alongside The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh as the Gummi Bears-Winnie the Pooh Hour ) , and concluded on September 6 , 1991 as part of the Disney Afternoon television syndication package . Of the series ' 65 shows , 30 were double-features , consisting of two 11-minute cartoons , thereby bringing the series total to 94 distinct episodes overall . The show is well-remembered for its theme music , written by Michael and Patty Silversher and creation of `` gummiberry juice '' which was a type of magic potion , granting abilities , which allowed them to bounce away from their hunters . The theme was memorably performed by Joseph Williams , son of composer John Williams and one-time lead singer of Toto .   The series was later rebroadcast on the syndicated Disney Afternoon block , and rerun on the Disney Afternoon through the summer of 1991 . In later years , it was shown on The Disney Channel ( from October 7 , 1991 to at least January 1997 ) , and later on Toon Disney , with its most recent televised airing occurring on December 28 , 2001 . Seasons 1 to 3 of the series were released on DVD on November 14 , 2006 featuring commentary from producers Eric Wong and Daniel Weinstein .

neg: Comic Relief Comic Relief is an operating British charity , founded in 1985 by the comedy scriptwriter Richard Curtis and comedian Lenny Henry in response to famine in Ethiopia . The highlight of Comic Relief 's appeal is Red Nose Day , a biennial telethon held in March , alternating with sister project Sport Relief .   A prominent biennial event in British popular culture , Comic Relief is one of the two high-profile telethon events held in the United Kingdom , the other being Children in Need , held annually in November .

neg: Hot Fuzz Hot Fuzz is a 2007 British action comedy film directed by Edgar Wright , written by Wright and Simon Pegg , and starring Pegg and Nick Frost . The three and the film 's producer Nira Park had previously worked together on the television series Spaced and the 2004 film Shaun of the Dead . The film follows two police officers attempting to solve a series of mysterious deaths in an English village .   Over a hundred action films were used as inspiration for developing the script . Filming took place over eleven weeks in early 2006 , and featured an extensive cast along with various uncredited cameos . Visual effects were developed by ten artists to expand on or add explosions , gore , and gunfire scenes .   Debuting on 14 February 2007 in the United Kingdom and 20 April in the United States , Hot Fuzz received critical and commercial success . Shortly after the film 's release , two different soundtracks were released in the UK and US .   The film is the second in Wright and Pegg 's Three Flavours Cornetto trilogy and was preceded by 2004 's Shaun of the Dead and followed by 2013 's The World 's End , each of them featuring a different flavour of Cornetto ice cream . It is also the most financially successful film in the trilogy .