query: In an area of warm water, Bermuda exists.

pos: Bermuda Bermuda ( -LSB- pronbərˈmjuːdə -RSB- ) is a British Overseas Territory in the North Atlantic Ocean . It is approximately 1070 km east-southeast of Cape Hatteras , North Carolina ; 1236 km south of Cape Sable Island , Nova Scotia ; and 1578 km north of San Juan , Puerto Rico . The capital city is Hamilton . Bermuda is an associate member of Caribbean Community ( CARICOM ) .   The first person known to have reached Bermuda was the Spanish sea captain Juan de Bermúdez in 1503 , after whom the islands are named . He claimed the islands for the Spanish Empire . Bermúdez never landed on the islands , but made two visits to the archipelago , of which he created a recognisable map . Shipwrecked Portuguese mariners are now thought to have been responsible for the 1543 inscription on Portuguese Rock ( previously called Spanish Rock ) . Subsequent Spanish or other European parties are believed to have released pigs there , which had become feral and abundant on the island by the time European settlement began . In 1609 , the English Virginia Company , which had established Jamestown in Virginia two years earlier , permanently settled Bermuda in the aftermath of a hurricane , when the crew and passengers of the Sea Venture steered the ship onto the surrounding reef to prevent its sinking , then landed ashore .   The island was administered as an extension of Virginia by the Company until 1614 . Its spin-off , the Somers Isles Company , took over in 1615 and managed the colony until 1684 . At that time , the company 's charter was revoked , and the English Crown took over administration . The islands became a British colony following the 1707 unification of the parliaments of Scotland and England , which created the Kingdom of Great Britain . After 1949 , when Newfoundland became part of Canada , Bermuda became the oldest remaining British overseas territory . After the return of Hong Kong to China in 1997 , Bermuda became the most populous British territory . Its first capital , St. George 's , was established in 1612 .   Bermuda 's economy is based on offshore insurance and reinsurance , and tourism , the two largest economic sectors . Bermuda had one of the world 's highest GDP per capita for most of the 20th century and several years beyond . Recently , its economic status has been affected by the global recession . It has a subtropical climate . Bermuda is the northernmost point of the Bermuda Triangle , a region of sea in which , according to legend , a number of aircraft and surface vessels have disappeared under supposedly unexplained or mysterious circumstances . The island is in the hurricane belt and prone to severe weather . However , it is somewhat protected from the full force of a hurricane by the coral reef that surrounds the island .

neg: Gulf of Honduras The Gulf or Bay of Honduras is a large inlet of the Caribbean Sea , indenting the coasts of Belize , Guatemala , and Honduras . From north to south , it runs for approximately 200 km from Dangriga , Belize , to La Ceiba , Honduras .   The inner Gulf of Honduras is lined by the Belize Barrier Reef which forms the southern part of the 900 km long Mesoamerican Barrier Reef System , the second-largest coral reef system in the world . The Belize Barrier Reef includes a number of small islands , called cays , and collectively known as the Pelican Cays .   The Gulf of Honduras is marked by complex dynamics of coastal and open waters , and ocean currents , which have produced a very diverse and unique ecosystem with a wide variety of coastal marine waters , including coastline estuaries , barrier beaches , lagoons , intertidal salt marshes , mangrove forests , seagrass beds , keys and barrier reefs .   The gulf receives the runoff from the watersheds of 12 rivers with an estimated discharge of 1232 m ³ s − 1 . These rivers include the Moho , Sarstún , Río Dulce , Motagua , and Ulúa . Increased volumes of sediments drained in the Gulf of Honduras pose a threat to its marine ecosystem .   Many American anglers visit the Gulf of Honduras to catch the marlin that abound there . Tourists are often taken on boat trips to the Pelican Cays , notably Caye Caulker and Ambergris Caye .   In 1961 Hurricane Hattie swept across the Gulf of Honduras , destroying buildings in Belize .   The infamous pirate Blackbeard spent the winter of 1717-1718 harassing shipping boats sailing to and from the port of Vera Cruz , Mexico and traversing the Bay of Honduras . In April 1718 , at Turneffe Atoll , Blackbeard captured the logwood cutting sloop Adventure and forced its captain , David Herriot , to join him . Blackbeard then made Israel Hands captain of the Adventure and began sailing for North Carolina .

neg: Castle Harbour, Bermuda Castle Harbour is a large natural harbour in Bermuda . It is located between the northeastern end of the main island and St. David 's Island . Originally called Southampton Port , it was renamed as a result of its heavy fortification in the early decades of the Seventeenth century .

neg: Fast ice Fast ice ( also called land-fast ice , landfast ice , and shore-fast ice ) is sea ice that is `` fastened '' to the coastline , to the sea floor along shoals or to grounded icebergs . Fast ice may either grow in place from the sea water or by freezing pieces of drifting ice to the shore or other anchor sites . Unlike drift ( or pack ) ice , fast ice does not move with currents and winds .   The width ( and the presence ) of this ice zone is usually seasonal and depends on ice thickness , topography of the sea floor and islands . It ranges from a few meters to several hundred kilometers . Seaward expansion is a function of a number of factors , notably water depth , shoreline protection , time of year and pressure from the pack ice . The topography of the fast ice varies from smooth and level to rugged ( when submitted to large pressures ) . The ice foot refers to ice that has formed at the shoreline , through multiple freezing of water between ebb tides , and is separated by the remainder of the fast ice surface by tidal cracks . Further away from the coastline , the ice may become anchored to the sea bottom -- it is then referred to as bottomfast ice . Fast ice can survive one or more melting seasons ( i.e. summer ) , in which case it can be designated following the usual age-based categories : first-year , second-year , multiyear . The fast ice boundary is the limit between fast ice and drift ( or pack ) ice -- in places , this boundary may coincide with a shear ridge . Fast ice may be delimited or enclose pressure ridges which extend sufficiently downward so as to be grounded -- these features are known as stamukhi .

neg: Bermuda National Trust The Bermuda National Trust is an charitable organization which works to preserve and protect the heritage of Bermuda .   According to its website , the organization has the following purposes :   `` The Bermuda National Trust is a charity , established in 1970 to preserve natural , architectural and historic treasures and to encourage public appreciation of them .   The Trust 's programmes and activities are focused in the key areas of Preservation , Education and Advocacy . Its purpose is to ensure that Bermuda 's unique heritage remains protected for future generations . ''   The Bermuda National Trust cares for 82 properties throughout the territory , covering 250 acres ( 1 km ² ) and representing much of the best of Bermuda 's heritage . These include a number of different historic houses , islands , gardens , cemeteries , nature reserves and coastline . The Trust also runs three museums displaying a collection of artefacts owned and made by Bermudians showing the development of the territory , as well as an education programme , focussing on the island 's history and what it means to our future .   The Trust has reciprocal agreements with heritage organization 's across Africa , Asia , Caribbean , Europe and across the Pacific allowing its members to use the facilities of its partners . This also allows members of other National Trusts to visit sites in Burmuda . The Burmuda National Trust 's predecessor was the Bermuda Historical Monuments Trust . This organization existed from its establishment in 1937 to 1970 . The Trust collaborated with other organisations , including the government Departments of Conservation Services , Environmental Protection , Parks and Environmental Health , as well as the Bermuda Aquarium , Museum and Zoo , Bermuda Audubon Society and Keep Bermuda Beautiful . The Trust is governed by a 13-member council .

neg: Bethell's Island, Bermuda Bethell 's Island is an island of Bermuda .

neg: List of rodents of the Caribbean The Caribbean region is home to a diverse and largely endemic rodent fauna . This includes the endemic family Capromyidae ( hutias ) , which are largely limited to the Greater Antilles , and two other groups of endemic hystricognaths , the heteropsomyines and giant hutias , including the extinct bear-sized Amblyrhiza inundata . Lesser Antillean rodent faunas mostly consist of oryzomyines , members of a distantly related group of rodents , and include two of the largest known oryzomyines , Megalomys desmarestii and `` Oryzomys hypenemus '' . Various other rodents are limited to land-bridge islands such as Trinidad , which were connected to the mainland during glacial-period lowered sea levels in the Pleistocene , or to smaller portions of the Caribbean archipelago . Much of the native rodent fauna of the Caribbean are extinct because of human influences , particularly following the introduction of invasive species such as Old World rats .   For the purposes of this article , the `` Caribbean '' includes all islands in the Caribbean Sea ( except for small islets close to the mainland ) and the Bahamas , Turks and Caicos Islands , and Barbados , which are not in the Caribbean Sea but biogeographically belong to the same Caribbean bioregion .

neg: Jamaica Bay Jamaica Bay is located on the southern side of Long Island , in the U.S. state of New York , near the island 's western end . The bay connects with Lower New York Bay to the west through Rockaway Inlet and is the westernmost of the coastal lagoons on the south shore of Long Island . Politically , it is divided between the boroughs of Brooklyn and Queens in New York City , with a small part touching Nassau County .   The bay contains numerous marshy islands . It was known as Grassy Bay as late as the 1940s . Jamaica Bay is located adjacent to the confluence of the New York Bight and New York Bay , and is at the turning point of the primarily east-west oriented coastline of southern New England and Long Island and the north-south oriented coastline of the mid-Atlantic coast . The name derives from the nearby town of Jamaica , which in turn derives from `` Yameco '' , a corruption of a word in the Lenape language spoken by the Native Americans who lived in the area at the time of first European contact . The `` y '' sound in English is spelled with a `` j '' in Dutch , the first Europeans to write about the area . This resulted in the eventual English pronunciation of `` Jamaica '' when read and repeated orally .

neg: List of birds of Bermuda This is a list of the bird species recorded in Bermuda . The avifauna of Bermuda include a total of 375 species , a remarkable number considering that the island is a mere 53.3 square kilometres . Ten of these have been introduced by humans ; the mallard also occurs naturally as a non-breeding migrant . 207 are rare or accidental . Two species listed are extirpated in Bermuda ; Audubon 's shearwater formerly bred but is now only a vagrant while there are a few old records of Eskimo curlew occurring on migration but none since 1930 . Seven species are globally threatened .   This list 's taxonomic treatment ( designation and sequence of orders , families and species ) and nomenclature ( common and scientific names ) follow the conventions of the American Ornithologists ' Union checklist ( 7th edition and supplements ) . The species counts found in each family account reflect this taxonomy . Introduced and accidental species are included in the total counts for Bermuda . Species marked accidental are those listed as `` rare '' or `` very rare '' in Dobson ( 2002 ) .   The following tags have been used to highlight several categories , but not all species fall into one of these categories . Those that do not are commonly occurring native species .   ( A ) Accidental - a species that rarely or accidentally occurs in Bermuda  ( I ) Introduced - a species introduced to Bermuda as a consequence , direct or indirect , of human actions  ( Ex ) Extirpated - a species that no longer occurs in Bermuda although populations exist elsewhere  ( E ) Extinct - a species that is extinct globally

neg: Circumpolar deep water Circumpolar Deep Water ( CDW ) is a designation given to the water mass in the Pacific and Indian oceans that essentially characterizes a mixing of other water masses in the region . A distinguishing characteristic is the water is not formed at the surface , but rather by a blending of other water masses , including the North Atlantic Deep Water ( NADW ) , the Antarctic Bottom Water ( AABW ) , and the Pacific Intermediate Water Masses .   CDW , the greatest volume water mass in the SO , is a mixture of North Atlantic Deep Water ( NADW ) , Antarctic Bottom Water ( AABW ) , and Antarctic Intermediate Water ( AAIW ) , as well as recirculated deep water from the Indian and Pacific Oceans ( e.g. , Wüst 1935 ; Callahan 1972 ; Georgi 1981 ; Mantyla and Reid 1983 ; Charles and Fairbanks 1992 ; You 2000 )   Because the Circumpolar Deep Water is a mix of other water masses , its TS profile is simply the point where the TS lines of the other water masses converge . TS diagrams refer to temperature and salinity profiles , which are one of the major ways water masses are distinguished from each other . The convergence of the TS lines thus proves the mixing of the other water masses .  Circumpolar deep water is between 1 and 2 degrees Celsius and has a salinity between 34.62 and 34.73 practical salinity units .    In recent decades , hundreds of glaciers draining the Antarctic Peninsula ( 63 ° to 70 ° S ) have undergone systematic and progressive change . These changes are widely attributed to rapid increases in regional surface air temperature , but it is now clear that this can not be the sole driver . A strong correspondence has been discovered between mid-depth ocean temperatures and glacier-front changes along the approximately 1000-kilometer western coastline . In the south , glaciers that terminate in warm Circumpolar Deep Water have undergone considerable retreat , whereas those in the far northwest , which terminate in cooler waters , have not . Furthermore , a mid-ocean warming since the 1990s in the south is coincident with widespread acceleration of glacier retreat . The conclusion is that changes in ocean-induced melting are the primary cause of retreat for glaciers in this region .

neg: 1970 Canada hurricane The 1970 Canada hurricane was an unnamed tropical cyclone that brought impact to Bermuda and Newfoundland . The fourth hurricane and ninth tropical storm of the annual hurricane season , this system developed northeast of the Bahamas as a subtropical depression on October 12 . While tracking northeastward , the system intensified , becoming a subtropical storm on the following day . The subtropical storm transitioned into a tropical cyclone on October 16 , and strengthened into a hurricane about twelve hours later . The hurricane later bypassed Bermuda , before further intensifying into a Category 2 hurricane on the Saffir -- Simpson hurricane wind scale . Thereafter , the hurricane accelerated rapidly northeastward , and made landfall on the Avalon Peninsula of Newfoundland as a Category 1 hurricane . It transitioned into an extratropical cyclone early on October 17 .   The system produced tropical storm force winds on Bermuda , which caused the suspension of schools , transportation , and interrupted businesses , although minimal structural damage occurred . Light rainfall was also reported on the island . Hurricane force winds were observed throughout Newfoundland , which caused damage to structures , though mostly limited to broken windows . Rough seas damaged fishing dories and a fishing ramp on the Atlantic coast of the island . The cost of damage on the Burin Peninsula was estimated to be in the thousands of dollars , although the specific figure in unknown . Heavy rainfall was also reported in the region , with precipitation in Quebec reaching nearly 5 in . On the French Territory of Saint Pierre and Miquelon , several buildings and houses lost their roof due to strong winds .

neg: Humboldt Current The Humboldt Current System ( HCS ) , also called the Peru Current , is a major Eastern Boundary Upwelling Ecosystem that flows north along the western coast of South America . It is an eastern boundary current flowing in the direction of the equator , and extend 500-1 ,000 kilometers offshore . The Humboldt Current is named after the Prussian naturalist Alexander von Humboldt . In 1846 , von Humboldt reported measurements of the cold-water current in his book Cosmos .   The current extends from the southern Chile ( ~ 45 'S ) to northern Peru ( ~ 4 'S ) where cold , upwelled waters intersect warm tropical waters to form the Equatorial Front . Sea surface temperatures off the coast of Peru , around 5 'S , reach temperatures as low as 16 ' C . This is highly uncharacteristic of tropical waters , as most other regions have temperatures measuring above 25 ' C. Upwelling brings nutrients to the surface , which support phytoplankton and ultimately increase biological productivity .   Upwelling within the current is not uniform across the entire system . Three notable upwelling subsystems are produced by this current : i ) seasonal upwelling in Chile , ii ) upwelling `` shadow '' that is less productive , but still large in northern Chile and Southern Peru , and iii ) year-round upwelling in Peru .   The Humboldt Current is considered a Class I , highly productive ( > 300 gC/m2-yr ) , ecosystem . It is the most productive eastern boundary current system . It accounts for roughly 18-20 % of the total worldwide marine fish catch . The species are mostly pelagic : sardines , anchovies and jack mackerel . The system 's high productivity supports other important fishery resources as well as marine mammals ( eared seals and cetaceans ) and seabirds . The cold , nutrient-rich water brought to the surface by upwelling drives the system 's extraordinary productivity.Periodically , the upwelling that drives the system 's productivity is disrupted by the El Niño-Southern Oscillation ( ENSO ) event . When this occurs , fish abundance and distribution are significantly affected , often leading to stock crashes and cascading social and economic impacts . These events have led to sequential changes , where sardines and anchovies have replaced each other periodically as the dominant species in the ecosystem . These species changes can have negative consequences for the fishing industry and the economies of the countries that fish the system .   The Humboldt has a considerable cooling influence on the climate of Chile , Peru and Ecuador . It is also largely responsible for the aridity of Atacama Desert in northern Chile and coastal areas of Peru and also of the aridity of southern Ecuador . Marine air is cooled by the current and thus is not conducive to generating precipitation ( although clouds and fog are produced ) .

neg: Cayman Islands The Cayman Islands ( -LSB- ˈkeɪmən -RSB- or -LSB- keɪ 'm æn -RSB- ) is a British Overseas Territory in the western Caribbean Sea . The 264 km2 territory comprises the three islands of Grand Cayman , Cayman Brac and Little Cayman located south of Cuba , northeast of Costa Rica , north of Panama , east of Mexico and northwest of Jamaica . Its population is approximately 60,000 , and its capital is George Town .   The Cayman Islands are considered to be part of the geographic Western Caribbean Zone as well as the Greater Antilles . The territory is often considered a major world offshore financial haven for many wealthy individuals .

neg: Verrill Island, Bermuda Verrill Island is an island of Bermuda located in Warwick Parish .   Category : Islands of Bermuda  Category : Warwick Parish

neg: Drift ice Drift ice is any sea ice other than fast ice , the latter being attached ( `` fastened '' ) to the shoreline or other fixed objects ( shoals , grounded icebergs , etc. ) . Drift ice is carried along by winds and sea currents , hence its name . When drift ice is driven together into a large single mass ( > 70 % coverage ) , it is called pack ice . Wind and currents can pile up that ice to form ridges up to several metres in height . These represent a challenge for icebreakers and offshore structures operating in cold oceans and seas .   Drift ice consists of floes , individual pieces of sea ice 20 m or more across . There are names for various floe sizes : small -- 20 m to 100 m ; medium -- 100 m to 500 m ; big -- 500 m to 2000 m ; vast -- 2 km to 10 km ; and giant -- more than 10 km .   Seasonal ice drift in the Sea of Okhotsk by the northern coast of Hokkaidō , Japan has become a tourist attraction of this area with harsh climate , and is one of the 100 Soundscapes of Japan . The Sea of Okhotsk is the southernmost area in the Northern hemisphere where drift ice may be observed .   Drift ice affects :  Security of navigation  Climatic impact ( see Polar ice packs )  Geological impact  Biosphere influence ( see Ecology of sea ice )   The two major ice packs are the Arctic ice pack and the Antarctic ice pack . The most important areas of pack ice are the polar ice packs formed from seawater in the Earth 's polar regions : the Arctic ice pack of the Arctic Ocean and the Antarctic ice pack of the Southern Ocean . Polar packs significantly change their size during seasonal changes of the year . Because of vast amounts of water added to or removed from the oceans and atmosphere , the behavior of polar ice packs has a significant impact on global changes in climate .

neg: Gulf Islands The Gulf Islands are the islands in the Strait of Georgia ( also known as Salish Sea or the Gulf of Georgia ) , between Vancouver Island and the mainland of British Columbia , Canada .   According to BC Geographical Names ( BCGNIS ) the name `` Gulf Islands '' was originally intended and commonly understood to refer to the archipelago at the southern end of the Strait of Georgia -- from Gabriola Island in the north to Saturna Island in the southeast and D'Arcy Island in the southwest . During the 1990s , however , the name began to be applied to all the islands in the Strait of Georgia , resulting in the introduction of the term `` Southern Gulf Islands '' , which BCGNIS calls a misnomer , to distinguish the original `` Gulf Islands '' from the rest , which are sometimes called the `` North Gulf Islands '' . BCGNIS further notes that Quadra Island is increasingly described as the `` northernmost of the Gulf Islands '' .   The division of the Gulf Islands into two groups , the Southern and Northern Gulf Islands , is relatively common . The dividing line is approximately that formed by the city of Nanaimo on Vancouver Island , and the mouth of the Fraser River on the mainland . The larger populated islands are served by BC Ferries , which operates various vehicle and passenger ferries between the Gulf Islands and to terminals near the major cities of Nanaimo and Victoria on Vancouver Island as well as Vancouver on the mainland . BC Ferries distinguishes between the Southern Gulf Islands and the Northern Gulf Islands . Their Northern Gulf Islands includes both Quadra Island and Cortes Island , as well as some islands far to the north , such as Malcolm Island and Cormorant Island . Natural Resources Canada maps the Gulf Islands as including the `` Southern Gulf Islands '' , the islands of Howe Sound ( such as Bowen Island , Gambier Island , and Keats Island ) , along with Lasqueti Island , Hornby Island , and Denman Island .

neg: British Overseas Territories The 14 British Overseas Territories ( BOT ) are territories under the jurisdiction and sovereignty of the United Kingdom . They are the parts of the British Empire that have not been granted independence or have voted to remain British territories . These territories do not form part of the United Kingdom and , with the exception of Gibraltar , are not part of the European Union . Most of the inhabited territories are internally self-governing , with the UK retaining responsibility for defence and foreign relations . The rest are either uninhabited or have a transitory population of military or scientific personnel . They share the British monarch ( Elizabeth II ) as head of state .   The term `` British Overseas Territory '' was introduced by the British Overseas Territories Act 2002 , replacing the term British Dependent Territory , introduced by the British Nationality Act 1981 . Prior to 1 January 1983 , the territories were officially referred to as British Crown Colonies . With the exceptions of the British Antarctic Territory and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands ( which host only officials and research station staff ) and the British Indian Ocean Territory ( used as a military base ) , the Territories retain permanent civilian populations . Permanent residency for the 7,000 or so civilians living in the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia is limited to citizens of the Republic of Cyprus .   Collectively , the Territories encompass a population of about 250,000 people and a land area of about 667018 sqmi . The vast majority of this land area , 660000 sqmi , constitutes the almost uninhabited British Antarctic Territory , while the largest territory by population , Bermuda , accounts for almost a quarter of the total BOT population . At the other end of the scale , three territories have no civilian population ; the Antarctic territory , the British Indian Ocean Territory ( from which the Chagos Islanders were controversially removed ) and South Georgia . Pitcairn Islands , settled by the survivors of the Mutiny on the Bounty , is the smallest settled territory with 49 inhabitants , while the smallest by land area is Gibraltar on the southern tip of the Iberian peninsula . The United Kingdom participates in the Antarctic Treaty System and , as part of a mutual agreement , the British Antarctic Territory is recognised by four of the other sovereign nations making claims to Antarctic territory .   Although the Crown dependencies of Jersey , Guernsey and the Isle of Man are also under the sovereignty of the British monarch , they are in a different constitutional relationship with the United Kingdom . The British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies are themselves distinct from the Commonwealth realms , a group of 15 independent countries ( and the United Kingdom ) which each also have Elizabeth II as their reigning monarch , and from the Commonwealth of Nations , a voluntary association of 52 countries mostly with historic links to the British Empire ( which also includes all Commonwealth realms ) .   the Minister responsible for the Territories excluding the Falkland Islands , Gibraltar and the Sovereign Base Areas is Baroness Anelay , Minister of State for the Commonwealth and the UN . The other three territories are the responsibility of Sir Alan Duncan MP , Minister of State for Europe and the Americas .

neg: Five Star Island, Bermuda Five Star Island is an island of Bermuda .

neg: Iota Island, Bermuda Iota Island is an island of Bermuda located in Warwick Parish .   Category : Islands of Bermuda  Category : Warwick Parish

neg: Archipelagic state An archipelagic state is any internationally recognized state or country that comprises a series of islands that form an archipelago . The term is defined by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea in order to define what borders such states should be allowed to claim .   In various conferences , Fiji , Indonesia , Papua New Guinea , the Bahamas , and the Philippines are the five sovereign states that obtained approval in the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea signed in Montego Bay , Jamaica on December 10 , 1982 and qualified as archipelagic states .   Archipelagic states are states that are composed of groups of islands forming a state as a single unit , with the islands and the waters within the baselines as internal waters . Under this concept ( `` archipelagic doctrine '' ) , an archipelago shall be regarded as a single unit , so that the waters around , between , and connecting the islands of the archipelago , irrespective of their breadth and dimensions , form part of the internal waters of the state , and are subject to its exclusive sovereignty .   The approval of the United Nations for the five sovereign states as archipelagic states respect existing agreements with other countries and shall recognize traditional fishing rights and other legitimate activities of the immediately adjacent neighboring countries in certain areas falling within archipelagic waters . The terms and conditions for the exercise of such rights and activities , including the nature , the extent and the areas to which they apply , shall , at the request of any of the countries concerned , be regulated by bilateral agreements between them . Such rights shall not be transferred to or shared with third countries or their nationals .

neg: Sea surface temperature Sea surface temperature ( SST ) is the water temperature close to the ocean 's surface . The exact meaning of surface varies according to the measurement method used , but it is between 1 mm and 20 m below the sea surface . Air masses in the Earth 's atmosphere are highly modified by sea surface temperatures within a short distance of the shore . Localized areas of heavy snow can form in bands downwind of warm water bodies within an otherwise cold air mass . Warm sea surface temperatures are known to be a cause of tropical cyclogenesis over the Earth 's oceans . Tropical cyclones can also cause a cool wake , due to turbulent mixing of the upper 30 m of the ocean . SST changes diurnally , like the air above it , but to a lesser degree . There is less SST variation on breezy days than on calm days . In addition , ocean currents such as the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation ( AMO ) , can effect SST 's on multi-decadal time scales , a major impact results from the global thermohaline circulation , which affects average SST significantly throughout most of the world 's oceans .   Coastal SSTs can cause offshore winds to generate upwelling , which can significantly cool or warm nearby landmasses , but shallower waters over a continental shelf are often warmer . Onshore winds can cause a considerable warm-up even in areas where upwelling is fairly constant , such as the northwest coast of South America . Its values are important within numerical weather prediction as the SST influences the atmosphere above , such as in the formation of sea breezes and sea fog . It is also used to calibrate measurements from weather satellites .


query: There is an actress named Miranda Cosgrove.

pos: Miranda Cosgrove Miranda Taylor Cosgrove ( born May 14 , 1993 ) is an American actress , singer and songwriter .   Her career began at the age of 3 with several television commercial appearances . Cosgrove 's film debut came in 2003 , when she appeared as Summer Hathaway in School of Rock . She appeared in a number of minor television roles over several years before coming to prominence as Megan Parker on the Nickelodeon television series Drake & Josh .   In 2007 , she landed the role of Carly Shay , the lead character on the Nickelodeon teen sitcom iCarly , on which she starred until 2012 . As of May 2010 , Cosgrove earned $ 180,000 per episode of iCarly , making her the second-highest-paid child star on television , and in 2012 was listed in the Guinness World Records as the highest paid child actress . Cosgrove also voiced Margo in the animated film Despicable Me ( 2010 ) and its 2013 sequel . That year , Cosgrove was cast in an NBC television pilot titled Girlfriend in a Coma , which did n't materialize after Christina Ricci left the production . In 2016 , she starred on the short-lived NBC sitcom Crowded .   In music , Cosgrove debuted with iCarly ( 2008 ) , a soundtrack album for the series in which she performs four songs . In 2009 , she released her debut extended play , About You Now . Cosgrove 's debut studio album , Sparks Fly , was released in April 2010 , followed by her second extended play , High Maintenance , the following year . The EP 's lead single , `` Dancing Crazy '' , written by Avril Lavigne , debuted at number 40 on the US Billboard Adult Pop Songs and peaked at number 100 on the Billboard Hot 100 .

neg: Carnival of Souls (Miranda Sex Garden album) Following a six-year hiatus , Miranda Sex Garden released their final album , Carnival of Souls , in 2000 . Like Suspiria , it takes its name from a classic horror film ( Carnival of Souls , a 1962 film starring Candace Hilligloss and directed by Herk Harvey ) .

neg: Theatre of Australia Theatre of Australia refers to the history of the performing arts in Australia , or produced by Australians . There are theatrical and dramatic aspects to a number of Indigenous Australian ceremonies such as the corroboree . During its colonial period , Australian theatrical arts were generally linked to the broader traditions of English literature and to British and Irish theatre . Australian literature and theatrical artists ( including Aboriginal as well as Anglo-Celtic and multicultural migrant Australians ) have over the last two centuries introduced the culture of Australia and the character of a new continent to the world stage .   Individuals who have contributed to theatre in Australia and internationally include Sir Robert Helpmann , Dame Joan Sutherland , Barry Humphries , David Williamson , Cate Blanchett , Geoffrey Rush , Judy Davis , Jim Sharman , Tim Minchin and Baz Luhrmann . Notable theatrical institutions include the Sydney Opera House , and the National Institute of Dramatic Art in Sydney .

neg: Who's That Girl (1987 film) Who 's That Girl is a 1987 American screwball comedy film written by Andrew Smith and Ken Finkleman , and directed by James Foley . It stars Madonna and Griffin Dunne , and depicts the story of a street-smart girl who is falsely accused of murdering her boyfriend and is sent to jail . After getting released , she meets a man , who is supposed to make sure she gets on her bus back to Philadelphia , and convinces him to help her catch those responsible for her confinement . While searching for the embezzler , they fall in love with each other .   After the failure of her 1986 film Shanghai Surprise , Madonna decided to sign another comedy film titled Slammer , which was later renamed to Who 's That Girl . However , she had to convince both Warner Bros. and the producers of the film that she was ready for the project . Madonna enlisted her friend James Foley to direct the film . Shooting began in New York in October 1986 , and continued until March 1987 . Production was halted during December due to snowfall in New York . Madonna utilized the time to work on her next tour and the soundtrack of the film .   The film was released on August 7 , 1987 , and was a box office bomb , grossing only $ 2.5 million in its first week , with its final domestic total being about $ 7.3 million . Critics were highly disappointed with the film , and Foley 's direction . Some went on to call it one of the worst films to be released , while others found Madonna 's comic timing to be one of the highlights .   However , the Who 's That Girl World Tour went on to be a critical and commercial success , grossing a total of US$ 25 million , and playing in front of audiences totaling 1.5 million people . The soundtrack of the film , though not acclaimed by the critics , enjoyed commercial success . Three of Madonna 's songs , the title track , `` Causing a Commotion '' and `` The Look of Love '' , were released as singles with the title track becoming Madonna 's sixth number one single on the US Billboard Hot 100 . The soundtrack album went on to sell six million copies worldwide .

neg: Samantha Morton Samantha Jane Morton ( born 13 May 1977 ) is an English actress , screenwriter and director . She has received critical acclaim and numerous accolades throughout her career , including one BAFTA Award , one BIFA Award , one Golden Globe Award and has been nominated twice for an Academy Award and once for an Emmy Award . She has been described as one of the greatest actresses of her generation .   Brought up in Nottingham , Morton joined the Central Junior Television Workshop , and soon began her career in British television in 1991 . She guest-starred in Soldier Soldier and Cracker and appeared from 1995 to 1996 in the ITV series Band of Gold . She made the transition to film with lead roles in the dramas Emma ( 1996 ) , Jane Eyre ( 1997 ) and the well-received Under the Skin ( 1997 ) . The latter made director Woody Allen cast Morton in Sweet and Lowdown ( 1999 ) , which earned her nominations for the Academy Award and the Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actress .   In the 2000s , Morton continued to draw critical praise for her performances in numerous arthouse and independent films . Her role in Morvern Callar ( 2002 ) garnered her the BIFA Award for Best Actress , and she received her second Academy Award nomination , this time in the Best Actress category , for In America ( 2003 ) . She also found mainstream success with the science fiction thriller Minority Report ( 2002 ) . For her role in 2006 's television biopic Longford , she received BAFTA and Emmy Award nominations and won the Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actress -- Television Film . Morton starred in the dramas Control ( 2007 ) , Synecdoche , New York ( 2008 ) and The Messenger ( 2009 ) , and she made her directorial debut with the British television film The Unloved ( 2009 ) , winning the BAFTA Television Award for Best Single Drama .   Her most recent acting credits include the science fiction action film John Carter ( 2012 ) , the thriller Cosmopolis ( 2012 ) , the drama Decoding Annie Parker ( 2013 ) , the period film Miss Julie ( 2014 ) , the European limited series The Last Panthers ( 2015 ) and the film adaptation Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them ( 2016 ) .

neg: Career Girls Murders The `` Career Girls Murders '' was the name given by the media to the killings of Emily Hoffert and Janice Wylie in their apartment on the Upper East Side of Manhattan on August 28 , 1963 . George Whitmore , Jr. , was accused of this and other crimes but later cleared .   The actions of the police department led Whitmore to be improperly accused of this and other crimes , including the murder of Minnie Edmonds and the attempted rape and assault of Elba Borrero . Whitmore was wrongfully incarcerated for 1,216 days -- from his arrest on April 24 , 1964 , until his release on bond on July 13 , 1966 , and from the revocation of his bond on February 28 , 1972 -- until his exoneration on April 10 , 1973 , when , after what author T.J. English called , in his book The Savage City , `` a numbing cycle of trials , convictions , convictions overturned , retrials , and appeals '' , Whitmore was cleared of all charges and set free . Whitmore 's treatment by the authorities has been cited as an example that led the US Supreme Court to issue the guidelines known as the Miranda rights . The Supreme Court cited Mr. Whitmore 's case as `` the most conspicuous example '' of police coercion in the country when it issued its 1966 ruling establishing a set of protections for suspects , including the right to remain silent , in Miranda v. Arizona .

neg: Play On (Carrie Underwood album) Play On is the third studio album by American singer and songwriter Carrie Underwood . It was released in the United States on November 3 , 2009 , through Arista Nashville .   The album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 with first week sales of 318,000 copies , which was rated as the highest first-week sales for a female artist in 2009 upon release . It is her second album to debut at number one on the Billboard 200 , and her third to debut atop the Billboard Top Country Albums chart .   As of October 2016 , the album has been certified 3x Platinum by the RIAA , Platinum by the CRIA and Gold by the ARIA . Play On has since sold over three million copies worldwide .   The album spawned three consecutive Billboard Hot Country Songs number one singles -- `` Cowboy Casanova '' , `` Temporary Home '' and `` Undo It '' , all of which certified Multi-Platinum or Platinum by the RIAA . The fourth single , `` Mama 's Song '' , reached number two on the chart and received a Gold certification from the RIAA . `` Cowboy Casanova '' achieved one of the biggest single-week upwards on the Billboard Hot 100 of all time , when it climbed 96-11 in its second week .   `` Temporary Home '' and `` Mama 's Song '' were both nominated for Grammy Awards , while Play On was nominated for Album of the Year at both the 2010 Academy of Country Music Awards and Country Music Association Awards , and won Favorite Country Album at the 2010 American Music Awards .

neg: Let Me Be Your Star `` Let Me Be Your Star '' is an original song introduced in the first episode of the first season of the musical TV series Smash , entitled Pilot . It was written by Marc Shaiman and Scott Wittman , but in the show 's universe , it was written by songwriting duo Tom Levitt ( Christian Borle ) and Julia Houston ( Debra Messing ) for the Marilyn Monroe musical they are working on , Bombshell .   In the first episode , the song is performed by characters Karen Cartwright ( Katharine McPhee ) and Ivy Lynn ( Megan Hilty ) as they each prepare for and then audition for the role of Marilyn in front the production team .   The song has since been reprised numerous times in various episodes , both as solos and duets . For the first season , it was also sung by Karen and Ivy in the second episode `` The Callback '' and the seventh episode `` The Workshop '' , by Ivy in the sixth episode `` Chemistry '' , and by Rebecca Duvall ( Uma Thurman ) in the eleventh episode `` The Movie Star '' and the fourteenth episode `` Previews '' . In the second season , it was reprised by Karen and several female members of the Bombshell ensemble in the first episode `` On Broadway '' , and by Ivy in the eighth episode `` The Bells and Whistles '' and the eleventh episode `` The Dress Rehearsal '' .   The song was originally released as a single to digital music retailers and is available on the cast albums The Music of Smash and Bombshell ( the latter with an extended intro not heard on the show ) , with McPhee and Hilty 's vocals from the `` Pilot '' episode .   The song has sold 48,000 digital downloads as of April 13 , 2012 .

neg: Desperate Housewives Desperate Housewives is an American television comedy-drama and mystery series created by Marc Cherry , and produced by ABC Studios and Cherry Productions . It originally aired for eight seasons on ABC , from October 3 , 2004 to May 13 , 2012 . Executive producer Cherry served as showrunner . Other executive producers since the fourth season included Bob Daily , George W. Perkins , John Pardee , Joey Murphy , David Grossman , and Larry Shaw .   Set on Wisteria Lane , a street in the fictional town of Fairview in the fictional Eagle State , Desperate Housewives follows the lives of a group of women as seen through the eyes of their late friend and neighbor who committed suicide in the pilot episode . The storyline covers 13 years of the women 's lives over eight seasons , set between the years 2004 -- 2008 , and later 2013 -- 2017 ( the story arc includes a five-year passage of time , as well as flashbacks ranging from the 1980s to the 2020s ) . They work through domestic struggles and family life , while facing the secrets , crimes and mysteries hidden behind the doors of their -- on the surface -- beautiful and seemingly perfect suburban neighborhood .   The series features an ensemble cast , headed by Teri Hatcher as Susan Mayer , Felicity Huffman as Lynette Scavo , Marcia Cross as Bree Van de Kamp , and Eva Longoria as Gabrielle Solis . Brenda Strong narrates the series as the late Mary Alice Young , appearing sporadically in flashbacks or dream sequences .   Desperate Housewives was well received by viewers and critics alike . It won multiple Primetime Emmy , Golden Globe and Screen Actors Guild Awards . From the 2004 -- 05 through the 2008 -- 09 television seasons , its first five seasons were rated amongst the top ten most-watched series . In 2007 , it was reported to be the most popular show in its demographic worldwide , with an audience of approximately 120 million and was also reported as the third most watched television series in a study of ratings in twenty countries . In 2012 , it remained the most-watched comedy series internationally based on data from Eurodata TV Worldwide , which measured ratings across five continents ; it has held this position since 2006 . Moreover , it was the third highest revenue earning series for 2010 , with $ 2.74 million per half an hour . The show was ranked at number fifty-six on Entertainment Weekly `` New TV Classics '' list .   In 2011 , it was confirmed that Desperate Housewives would conclude after its eighth season ; the series finale aired on May 13 , 2012 . By the end of the series , it had surpassed Charmed as the longest running hour-long television series featuring all female leads by two episodes .

neg: On Lexington & 52nd Street `` On Lexington & 52nd Street '' ( also `` Lexington & 52nd Street '' ) is an original song introduced in the seventh episode of the first season of the musical TV series Smash , entitled `` The Workshop '' . The song is written by Marc Shaiman and Scott Wittman , but in the show 's universe , it is written by the songwriting team of Tom Levitt ( Christian Borle ) and Julia Houston ( Debra Messing ) for their Marilyn Monroe musical Bombshell .   In `` The Workshop '' , Michael Swift ( Will Chase ) , playing Joe DiMaggio , performs the song as DiMaggio breaks up with his wife Monroe , while Michael is simultaneously breaking up with Julia .   The song was originally released as a single from iTunes and Amazon.com 's MP3 story and is currently a track on the cast album Bombshell .

neg: Gina Hiraizumi Gina Hiraizumi is a Juilliard alumni , who has been acting professionally for over 15 years . With over 5 features releasing for 2017 , her career is taking an exciting leap .   Her next theatrical release is with A-List Japan star , MIEKO HARADA in the drama feature , TOKYO NEW YORK as `` Keiko '' - a Japanese girl forced to work in the underground Tokyo hostess club world for survival , while Harada plays the mama-san boss in this Japanese scripted feature . This international drama feature by Award-winning director , Naghmeh Shirkhan is set to release in 2017 .   In the crime/murder TV series , DEADLY SINS ( 2016 / ID Discovery ) Gina was the lead title role of real life Filipina criminal , `` Rosalina Misina Mendoza '' in this full hour biopic tale . She portrays the role of Rosalina in her early 20 's ( she is now in her 60 's , incarcerated in prison without parole in Seattle , WA ) and portrays her character from the start , as the story unfolds from her harsh beginnings in Manila , Philippines to the United States . Her character has stirred a lot of emotions with the fans of the show , as Twitter exploded with comments upon the TV release .   Network television credits include CASTLE and FLASH FORWARD ( ABC ) , SHARK ( CBS ) , QUINTUPLETS ( FOX ) . Gina played the beauty queen wife of martial arts superstar , JASON SCOTT LEE ( `` Dragon : Bruce Lee Story '' ) in the WWII period piece feature , ONLY THE BRAVE and co-starred in DAY OF INDEPENDENCE by Academy Award Winner , director Chris Tashima .   Gina 's past celebrity endorsement deals include KILAUEA FIRE ( Hawaiian Hot Sauce ) as seen in the Hawaiian Airlines ' HANA HOU MAGAZINE and a 2010 CALENDAR by Hilton Hawaiian Village . A calendar signing tour took her around the world and was a massive success .   The eldest of 3 sisters , Gina grew up in Los Angeles , CA while traveling to Tokyo 2-3 times a year , every year of her life . Growing up privileged , her father was a successful entrepreneur - the owner of a global travel agency , which allowed the entire family to live an international lifestyle . Many summers were spent attending Japanese schools in Tokyo , Japan and swimming the beaches in Honolulu , Hawaii .   Gina got her start in acting when her whole family was cast in a Japanese commercial for `` House Curry '' when she was 15 . She enrolled herself in acting training as a teenager with her first acting coach , Aaron Speiser - the coach behind Jennifer Lopez and Will Smith . Upon acceptance to Juilliard , she took off a handful of years mid-career to get formal training in NYC . To this day , the most transformative moment of her career was when she was invited over to the home of fellow Juilliard Alumni , VIOLA DAVIS ( `` How to Get Away with Murder '' ) . Recalling some of the life and business lessons she was mentored with , she still credits that meeting for the most `` lifechanging meeting of my life . ''   Gina recently got married to her husband , Blayne and plans to start a family in the next year .   She lives in Los Angeles , CA .

neg: Cow (public service announcement) Cow , also titled Only Stwpd Cowz Txt N Drive , is a 30-minute public service announcement film directed by Peter Watkins-Hughes with assistance from Gwent Police and Tredegar Comprehensive School . The August 2008 film was a co-production by Gwent Police and Tred Films , with special effects by Zipline Creative Limited . The film features original music by Stuart Fox , a composer and sound designer from Gloucester UK . A previous film , `` Lucky Luke , '' was intended to warn about the dangers of joy riding ; `` Cow '' was intended to be a sequel of sorts .   The film , using local drama students as actors , tells the story of 17-year-old Cassie `` Cow '' Cowan ( Jenny Davies ) , who texts and drives and gets into a car accident ; her friends Emm and Jules ( Amy Ingram and Laura Quantick ) are in the vehicle with her . Four people die as a result of Cassie 's actions . The police intended for the film to be aired in British schools .   The police agency said that it took a `` few thousand pounds '' to make the film . 300 drama students auditioned for the making of the film .   The full PSA is shown to students in the United Kingdom . As of 2009 the PSA had not been aired on television stations in the United States . In 2010 a modified 30-second version of the public service announcement was to begin airing during certain hours in 13 television stations in central and upstate South Carolina .

neg: AACTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role The AACTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role is an award presented by the Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts ( AACTA ) , a non-profit organisation whose aim is to `` identify , award , promote and celebrate Australia 's greatest achievements in film and television . '' The award is presented at the annual AACTA Awards , which hands out accolades for achievements in feature films , television , documentaries and short films . From 1971 -- 2010 , the category was presented by the Australian Film Institute ( AFI ) , the Academy 's parent organisation , at the annual Australian Film Institute Awards ( known as the AFI Awards ) . When the AFI launched the Academy in 2011 , it changed the annual ceremony to the AACTA Awards , with the current award being a continuum of the AFI Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role .   It was presented as a special award , from 1971 -- 1975 , and was accompanied with a cash prize , before it became a competitive award from 1976 , onward . Judy Davis is the most nominated actress in this category , with five wins from eight nominations , most recently for her role in The Eye of the Storm ( 2011 ) .   Candidates for this award must be human and female , and can not be nominated for the same role in the supporting actress category .

neg: Miranda Harcourt Miranda Catherine Millais Harcourt ( born 1962 ) is a New Zealand actress and acting coach . She is the daughter of actress Dame Kate Harcourt .   Harcourt 's acting career began playing boy character on Radio New Zealand in the early 1970s . She is best known for her role as `` Gemma '' in the 1980s TV drama series Gloss . Harcourt spent three years acting on the show , and her character was so despicable that people spat at and insulted Harcourt in public . Harcourt received a nomination in the 1989 Film and TV Awards for best actress for the role .   Harcourt has starred in countless productions across New Zealand and in Australia . The exhaustive and comprehensive list can be found at Theatre Aotearoa Database .

neg: List of accolades received by Gone Girl (film) Gone Girl is a 2014 psychological thriller film directed by David Fincher , and produced by Leslie Dixon , Bruna Papandrea , Arnon Milchan , Reese Witherspoon , Ceán Chaffin , and Joshua Donen . The screenplay was adapted by Gillian Flynn from her eponymous 2012 novel . Set in Missouri , United States , the film stars Ben Affleck as Nick Dunne , a writer who becomes the prime suspect in the mysterious disappearance of his wife Amy , played by Rosamund Pike . Neil Patrick Harris and Tyler Perry feature in supporting roles . The score was composed by Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross .   Gone Girl premiered at the New York Film Festival on September 26 , 2014 , before 20th Century Fox gave the film a wide release at over 3,000 theaters in the United States and Canada on October 3 . It grossed over $ 368 million on a production budget of $ 61 million . As of June 2016 , Gone Girl is Fincher 's highest-grossing film . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator , surveyed 295 reviews and judged 88 % to be positive .   Gone Girl garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for its direction , Pike 's lead acting performance , Flynn 's screenplay , and its score . At the 87th Academy Awards , Pike received a nomination for Best Actress . The film received four nominations at the 72nd Golden Globe Awards : Best Director for Fincher , Best Actress in a Drama for Pike , Best Screenplay for Flynn , and Best Original Score . Pike won the Empire Award for Best Actress , and garnered nominations in the same category at the 21st Screen Actors Guild Awards and 68th British Academy Film Awards ( BAFTAs ) . She also received the Breakthrough Performance Award from the Palm Springs International Film Festival . Flynn was nominated at the BAFTAs , as well as the Writers Guild of America Awards . The National Board of Review included the film in their list of top ten films of the year .

neg: Somethin' Bad `` Somethin' Bad '' is a song recorded as a duet by American country music artists Miranda Lambert and Carrie Underwood . The song was written by Chris DeStefano , Brett James , and Priscilla Renea . It was released as the second single from Lambert 's fifth studio album Platinum in advance of the album 's release two weeks later . The song premiered at the 2014 Billboard Music Awards on May 18 , 2014 , and was released for sale the next day .   `` Somethin' Bad '' peaked at number one on the Billboard Hot Country Songs , becoming Underwood 's thirteenth number one on the chart and Lambert 's fifth . The song is the first number one by teamed-up solo women in more than two decades on this chart .   On December 5 , 2014 , the collaboration received a Grammy nomination for Best Country Duo/Group Performance .

neg: Silver Linings Playbook Silver Linings Playbook is a 2012 American romantic comedy-drama film written and directed by David O. Russell . It was adapted from the novel The Silver Linings Playbook , by Matthew Quick . The film stars Bradley Cooper and Jennifer Lawrence , with Robert De Niro , Jacki Weaver , Chris Tucker , Anupam Kher , and Julia Stiles in supporting roles .   Cooper plays Patrick `` Pat '' Solitano , Jr. , a man with bipolar disorder who is released from a psychiatric hospital and moves back in with his parents , played by Robert De Niro and Jacki Weaver . Determined to win back his estranged wife , Pat meets recently widowed Tiffany Maxwell , portrayed by Jennifer Lawrence , who offers to help him get his wife back if he enters a dance competition with her . The two become closer as they train and Pat , his father , and Tiffany examine their relationships with each other as they cope with their problems .   Silver Linings Playbook premiered at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival on September 8 , 2012 , and was released in the United States on November 16 , 2012 . The film opened to major critical success and earned numerous accolades . It received eight Academy Award nominations , including Best Picture , Best Director , Best Adapted Screenplay . It became the first film since 1981 's Reds to be Oscar-nominated for the four acting categories and the first since 2004 's Million Dollar Baby to be nominated for the Big Five Oscars , with Lawrence winning the Academy Award for Best Actress . It also achieved four Golden Globe Award nominations , with Lawrence winning Best Actress ; three BAFTA nominations , with Russell winning for Best Adapted Screenplay ; four Screen Actors Guild nominations ; and five Independent Spirit Award nominations , winning in four categories , including Best Film . The film was a success at the box office , grossing over $ 236 million worldwide , more than eleven times its budget .

neg: Claire Foy Claire Foy ( born 16 April 1984 ) is an English actress . She studied drama and screen studies at Liverpool John Moores University and trained at the Oxford School of Drama , where she appeared in four plays , including Watership Down . She made her screen debut in the pilot episode of Being Human ( 2008 ) and in an episode of the BBC soap opera Doctors ( 2008 ) . Following her professional stage debut at the Royal National Theatre , she played the title role in the BBC One production of Little Dorrit , ( 2008 ) , and made her film debut as Anna in Season of the Witch ( 2011 ) .   She had main roles as Erin Matthews in the Channel 4 series The Promise ( 2011 ) and several other television films and miniseries , including as Kate Balfour in the NBC series Crossbones ( 2014 ) . She received unanimous praise for her performance as Anne Boleyn in BBC2 's Wolf Hall ( 2015 ) , for which she was nominated for the British Academy Television Award for Best Actress and the Critics ' Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Movie/Miniseries . Since 2016 , she has portrayed the young Queen Elizabeth II on the Netflix series The Crown , a role for which she has received critical acclaim and won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Television Series Drama and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series , and was nominated for the BAFTA TV Award for Best Actress .

neg: The Age of the Medici The Age of the Medici , originally released in Italy as L'età di Cosimo de Medici ( The Age of Cosimo de Medici ) , is a 1973 3-part TV series about the Renaissance in Florence , directed by Roberto Rossellini . The series was shot in English in the hope of securing a North American release , which it failed to achieve , and was later dubbed into Italian and shown on state television . The films are : Cosimo de Medici , The Power of Cosimo and Leon Battista Alberti : Humanism . It is Fred Ward 's debut role .   Like several other TV series directed by Rossellini during the 1970s , The Age of the Medici is a form of docudrama , in which historical information is communicated via dramatized conversations between figures from history , and between ordinary people . They are unabashedly `` teaching films . '' As Dave Kehr explains , `` The dialogue is bluntly didactic , with characters telling one another things they would already know entirely for the benefit of the audience ... . Rossellini is n't asking his viewers to identify with his characters or become caught up in their personal dramas ... Instead he creates a detached perspective . '' Each scene plays out in a single long take , with the camera slowly moving and zooming to create different framings of the action , or , as Kehr puts it , `` to close in on details or investigate relationships '' .   When the films debuted in New York 's Public Theater in 1973 , New York Times movie critic Vincent Canby noted that while not difficult , the austere style of the films , `` as well as Rossellini 's total lack of concern for what might be called performance , take some getting used to . Yet once you 've grasped the method and the rhythm of the films , they are a ravishingly beautiful experience '' :   The actors make few attempts to act . They recite as they walk about magnificent locations , sounding and looking like ferociously gifted dress-extras . The talk has been rather flatly dubbed into English so that it 's not always possible to tell who is speaking.Forget these problems , though . The film is about what is being said and what you can see around and behind these figures . When you connect with The Age of the Medici , it has the effect of reducing every other film you 've seen recently to the status of an ornament .

neg: Enchanted (film) Enchanted is a 2007 American live-action/animated musical fantasy romantic comedy film , produced by Walt Disney Pictures with New York Academy Barry Sonnenfeld and Josephson Entertainment . Written by Bill Kelly and directed by Kevin Lima , the film stars Amy Adams , Patrick Dempsey , James Marsden , Timothy Spall , Idina Menzel , Rachel Covey , and Susan Sarandon . The plot focuses on Giselle , an archetypal Disney Princess , who is forced from her traditional animated world of Andalasia into the live-action world of New York City . Enchanted was the first Disney film to be distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , instead of Buena Vista Pictures Distribution .   The film is both a homage to , and a self-parody of , Disney 's animated features , making numerous references to Disney 's past works through the combination of live-action filmmaking , traditional animation , and computer-generated imagery . It marks the return of traditional animation to a Disney feature film after the company 's decision to move entirely to computer animation in 2004 . Composer Alan Menken and lyricist Stephen Schwartz , who had written songs for previous Disney films , produced the songs of Enchanted , with Menken also composing its score .   The animation sequences were produced at James Baxter Animation in Pasadena . Filming of the live action segments took place around New York City . It premiered on October 20 , 2007 , at the London Film Festival before its wide release on November 21 , 2007 , in the United States . Enchanted was well-received critically , established Adams as a leading lady , and earned more than $ 340 million worldwide at the box office . It won three Saturn Awards , including Best Fantasy Film and Best Actress for Adams . Enchanted also received two nominations at the 65th Golden Globe Awards and three Best Original Song nominations at the 80th Academy Awards .

neg: Clair Huxtable Clair Olivia Huxtable ( née Hanks ) is a fictional character who appears in the American sitcom The Cosby Show . Portrayed by actress Phylicia Rashad , Clair , the wife of Dr. Cliff Huxtable and mother of their five children , is the matriarch of the show 's central Huxtable family . Working as a lawyer , Clair values the importance of maintaining a successful career while running a formidable household . The character debuted alongside most of her family in The Cosby Show 's pilot , `` Theo 's Economic Lesson '' , which premiered on September 20 , 1984 .   Created by comedian Bill Cosby , Clair is based on Cosby 's own wife , Camille . Cosby originally intended for the character to be a plumber , but the producers and Camille ultimately convinced him to rewrite her into a lawyer to reflect a family that closer resembled their own . At one point , Clair had also been envisioned as a Dominican housewife who speaks Spanish when frustrated , inspired by Ricky Ricardo from the sitcom I Love Lucy , but this idea was also abandoned . Rashad , originally credited as Phylicia Allers-Allen , won the role by exhibiting a subtlety in her audition that other candidates lacked . After marrying husband Ahmad Rashad and adopting his surname , Rashad became pregnant with their child during the show 's third season , thus requiring her to conceal her pregnancy during tapings .   Typically playing straight woman to Cosby 's humorous Cliff , Rashad 's character began to adopt more comedic material during the show 's second season , although she maintains her disciplinarian status within her own household . Since The Cosby Show 's inception , Cosby had always intended for Clair to reflect the ways in which women 's roles have evolved in both the home and workplace . Clair is depicted as a hardworking career woman with strong feminist principles , most evident in the character 's early confrontations with chauvinistic son-in-law Elvin . One particularly memorable interaction , dubbed Clair 's `` feminist rant '' by the media , has become so popular that the scene continues to be heavily circulated on the Internet and social media , 30 years after its initial appearance .   Both Clair 's role and Rashad 's performance have garnered significant acclaim ; Clair was the series ' only main character who avoided criticisms that regularly plagued other aspects of The Cosby Show . Rashad was nominated for two Emmy Awards for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series . Despite the actress ' continued success , Clair remains the role for which Rashad is best known , credited with establishing her as a television icon . A feminist icon , Clair is revered as one of television 's most beloved mothers ; as one of television 's first working mothers , the character 's profound influence on African-American women and female lawyers in television has been dubbed the `` Clair Huxtable effect '' . However , in light of several recent sexual assault allegations made against Cosby , some critics have begun to question the comedian 's intentions behind creating Clair .


query: Tom Felton did not play Peagreen Clock.

pos: Tom Felton Thomas Andrew `` Tom '' Felton ( born 22 September 1987 ) is an English actor . Felton began appearing in commercials when he was eight years old for companies such as Commercial Union and Barclaycard . He made his screen debut in the role of Peagreen Clock in The Borrowers ( 1997 ) and he portrayed Louis T. Leonowens in Anna and the King ( 1999 ) . He rose to prominence for his role as Draco Malfoy in the film adaptions of the best-selling Harry Potter fantasy novels by J.K. Rowling . His performances in Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince and Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows -- Part 1 won him two consecutive MTV Movie Awards for Best Villain in 2010 and 2011 .   Following the conclusion of the series in 2011 , Felton appeared in the 2011 film Rise of the Planet of the Apes , a reboot of the Planet of the Apes series . He had roles in the minor films From the Rough ( 2011 ) and The Apparition ( 2012 ) , starred as James Ashford in the critically acclaimed period drama film Belle ( 2013 ) , followed by roles in In Secret ( 2014 ) and Against the Sun ( 2014 ) . Felton 's 2016 films include the epic biblical drama Risen , alongside Joseph Fiennes , and the period biopic A United Kingdom , alongside David Oyelowo and Rosamund Pike . He portrays Julian Albert / Doctor Alchemy on The Flash .

neg: List of Kansas City Royals no-hitters The Kansas City Royals are a Major League Baseball franchise based in Kansas City , Missouri . Formed in 1969 , they play in the American League Central division . Pitchers for the Royals have thrown 4 no-hitters in franchise history . A no-hitter is officially recognized by Major League Baseball only `` when a pitcher ( or pitchers ) retires each batter on the opposing team during the entire course of a game , which consists of at least nine innings '' . No-hitters of less than nine complete innings were previously recognized by the league as official ; however , several rule alterations in 1991 changed the rule to its current form . A no-hitter is rare enough that one team in Major League Baseball , the San Diego Padres , has never had a pitcher accomplish the feat . No perfect games , a special subcategory of no-hitter , have been thrown in Royals history . As defined by Major League Baseball , `` in a perfect game , no batter reaches any base during the course of the game . ''   The umpire is also an integral part of any no-hitter . The task of the umpire in a baseball game is to make any decision `` which involves judgment , such as , but not limited to , whether a batted ball is fair or foul , whether a pitch is a strike or a ball , or whether a runner is safe or out ... -LSB- the umpire 's judgment on such matters -RSB- is final . '' Part of the duties of the umpire making calls at home plate includes defining the strike zone , which `` is defined as that area over homeplate ( sic ) the upper limit of which is a horizontal line at the midpoint between the top of the shoulders and the top of the uniform pants , and the lower level is a line at the hollow beneath the kneecap . '' These calls define every baseball game and are therefore integral to the completion of any no-hitter .   The manager is another integral part of any no-hitter . The tasks of the manager include determining the starting rotation as well as batting order and defensive lineup every game .

neg: Timed automaton In automata theory , a timed automaton is a finite automaton extended with a finite set of real-valued clocks . During a run of a timed automaton , clock values increase all with the same speed . Along the transitions of the automaton , clock values can be compared to integers . These comparisons form guards that may enable or disable transitions and by doing so constrain the possible behaviors of the automaton . Further , clocks can be reset . Timed automata are a sub-class of a type hybrid automata .   Timed automata can be used to model and analyse the timing behavior of computer systems , e.g. , real-time systems or networks . Methods for checking both safety and liveness properties have been developed and intensively studied over the last 20 years .   It has been shown that the state reachability problem for timed automata is decidable , which makes this an interesting sub-class of hybrid automata . Extensions have been extensively studied , among them stopwatches , real-time tasks , cost functions , and timed games . There exists a variety of tools to input and analyse timed automata and extensions , including the model checkers UPPAAL , Kronos , and the schedulability analyser TIMES . These tools are becoming more and more mature , but are still all academic research tools .

neg: Tom Norman Tom Norman , born Thomas Noakes , ( 7 May 1860 -- 24 August 1930 ) , was an English businessman , showman and the last exhibitor of Joseph Merrick who was otherwise known as the `` Elephant Man '' . Among his later exhibits were a troupe of midgets , a `` Man in a Trance '' , `` John Chambers the armless Carpenter '' , and the `` World 's Ugliest Woman '' .   Norman started his working life as a butcher in Sussex before moving to London at the age of 14 where he sought a career on the music hall stage . There , he became interested in freak shows which he attended in his spare time . After viewing an exhibition called `` Electric Lady '' next door to his place of work , he went into business with the exhibition 's manager and began his career as a showman of human oddities . He quickly became successful , for his patter as much as his exhibits , and was called the ` Silver King ' by the American showman P. T. Barnum .   In 1884 , Norman took over the management of Joseph Merrick , otherwise known as the `` Elephant Man '' , and exhibited him for a few weeks until police closed down the show . Merrick later went to live at the London Hospital under the care of Sir Frederick Treves . In his 1923 memoirs , Treves portrayed Norman as a cruel drunk who ruthlessly exploited his acts . Norman refuted this characterisation and said that he provided Merrick ( and his other `` freaks '' ) with a means of making money independently . Norman continued a successful career as a showman and later became an auctioneer of novelty shows and circuses .   Norman died in 1930 and was survived by his wife and 10 children , five of whom followed him into the entertainment business .

neg: Groundhog Day (film) Groundhog Day is a 1993 American fantasy-comedy film directed by Harold Ramis , starring Bill Murray , Andie MacDowell , and Chris Elliott . It was written by Ramis and Danny Rubin , based on a story by Rubin . Murray plays Phil Connors , an arrogant Pittsburgh TV weatherman who , during an assignment covering the annual Groundhog Day event in Punxsutawney , Pennsylvania , finds himself caught in a time loop , repeating the same day again and again . After indulging in hedonism and committing suicide numerous times , he begins to re-examine his life and priorities .   On its release , Groundhog Day was a modest success and garnered generally positive reviews . It gained stronger appreciation among critics and film historians over time , and is now often listed among the best comedy films ever . It further entered into the public consciousness , where the term `` Groundhog Day '' can represent a situation that seems to repeat over and over in government and military arenas , as well as influencing other entertainment . In 2006 , the film was added to the United States National Film Registry as being deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' . A stage musical version of the film premiered in 2016 .

neg: Verna Felton Verna Felton ( July 20 , 1890December 14 , 1966 ) was an American character actress who was best known for providing many female voices in numerous Disney animated films , as well as voicing Fred Flintstone 's mother-in-law Pearl Slaghoople for Hanna-Barbera 's The Flintstones .   She also had roles in live-action films , however , she was most active in radio programs . She was known for her husky voice and no-nonsense attitude . Two of her most famous roles were as Mrs. Day , the protective and domineering mother , who was always looking after her son Dennis Day and trying to boss around Jack Benny on The Jack Benny Program and as Hilda Crocker on the sitcom December Bride .

neg: Felton, Northumberland Felton is a village in north Northumberland in North East England . Felton is situated about 10 mi south of Alnwick and 9 mi north of Morpeth . The nearest city , Newcastle upon Tyne is 24 mi south of the village and the Scottish border is about an hour away . At the last UK Census in 2011 , Felton had a population of 932 , down from 952 in 2001 .   There are two bridges crossing the River Coquet . The oldest dates to around the 15th Century , while the other was built in 1926 . The older bridge is closed to traffic , and is often used for village events including carol singing at Christmas .   Felton has a close community centred on events in the village , spread across the calendar . Every summer Felton has a fair and a fun run around the village , whilst a pantomime was performed in the village hall for the ninth time this year .   Felton has two shops ; a newsagent , artisan bakery and restaurant , and the other a post office and village store . It also has a hairdresser and doctors surgery . The Village magazine , The Bridge , was first published a few years ago , and is delivered to the villagers bimonthly . Church of St Michael and All Angels is a Grade I listed building .

neg: Tom "T-Bone" Stankus Tom `` T-Bone '' Stankus is an American musician , based in Bristol , Connecticut , known for performing comedic stylings with his acoustic guitar . Most of his songs and programs are geared towards children . He is most noted for his song `` Existential Blues , '' which heavily references the 1939 Wizard of Oz movie , and was featured on the Dr. Demento : 20th Anniversary Collection .   He is known to his audiences as `` America 's Musical Pied Piper '' , and has been entertaining full-time since 1978 . He performs several different theme shows that encourage audience participation , including `` T-Bone 's Camp Muckalucka '' , which recounts an imaginary day at a camp , and includes story time , beach balls and campfire singalongs .

neg: Land of Oz (theme park) The Land of Oz is currently a private property located in the resort town of Beech Mountain , North Carolina , USA . It was opened in 1970 by Carolina Caribbean Corporation under the guidance of Grover Robbins , who had been successful with Tweetsie Railroad , and designed by Jack Pentes . It was fully operational until 1980 . It now opens for Fridays in June for `` Journey with Dorothy Tours '' and in September for Autumn at Oz - the largest festival in the area . Visitors would start off in Kansas , `` experience '' the tornado which struck Dorothy 's house , and walk down the Yellow Brick Road to visit with the Scarecrow , Tin Woodman , the Cowardly Lion and the Wicked Witch of the West . The Emerald City consisted of gift shops and an ampi-theater that the Magic Moment Show would be staged on every half hour . An artificial balloon ride , a specially modified ski lift installed by Goforth Brothers , allowed visitors to get a bird 's - eye view of the park and mountain scenery before leaving Oz . A small museum showcased props and costumes from the film . These were jointly bought by the park and Debbie Reynolds from MGM .   The musical score sung by the characters on the Yellow Brick Road and at Emerald City was composed by notables Alec Wilder and North Carolina native Loonis McGlohon ( with the exception of E.Y. Harburg and Harold Arlen 's `` Over the Rainbow '' for which rights were obtained to integrate into the Emerald City show ) .   A video and display of The Land of Oz were on exhibit at the Appalachian Cultural Museum , part of Appalachian State University , in Boone , North Carolina but the museum closed and the artifacts were returned to the park .

neg: The Big Clock The Big Clock is a 1946 novel by Kenneth Fearing . Published by Harcourt Brace , the thriller was his fourth novel , following three for Random House ( The Hospital , Dagger of the Mind , Clark Gifford 's Body ) and five collections of his poetry . The story first appeared in abridged form in The American Magazine ( October 1946 ) , as `` The Judas Picture '' . The story was adapted for two notable films , The Big Clock ( 1948 ) starring Ray Milland , and No Way Out ( 1987 ) starring Kevin Costner .

neg: Tom Wright (actor) Tom Wright ( born Harold Thomas Wright ; November 29 , 1952 ) is an American television and theatre actor .

neg: George E. Felton George E. Felton ( born 3 February 1921 ) is a British computer scientist . He undertook pioneering work in the field of operating systems and programming software and is the father of the GEORGE Operating System . He held the world record for the computation of π .

neg: Tron Tron is a 1982 American science fiction action-adventure film written and directed by Steven Lisberger , based on a story by Lisberger and Bonnie MacBird and produced by Walt Disney Productions . The film stars Jeff Bridges as a computer programmer who is transported inside the software world of a mainframe computer where he interacts with programs in his attempt to escape . Bruce Boxleitner , David Warner , Cindy Morgan , and Barnard Hughes star in supporting roles .   Development of Tron began in 1976 when Lisberger became fascinated with the early video game Pong . He and producer Donald Kushner set up an animation studio to develop Tron with the intention of making it an animated film . Indeed , to promote the studio itself , Lisberger and his team created a 30-second animation featuring the first appearance of the eponymous character . Eventually , Lisberger decided to include live-action elements with both backlit and computer animation for the actual feature-length film . Various film studios had rejected the storyboards for the film before Walt Disney Studios agreed to finance and distribute Tron . There , backlit animation was finally combined with the computer animation and live action .   Tron was released on July 9 , 1982 in 1,091 theaters in the United States . The film was a moderate success at the box office , and received positive reviews from critics who praised the groundbreaking visuals and acting . However , the storyline was criticized at the time for being incoherent . Tron received nominations for Best Costume Design and Best Sound at the 55th Academy Awards , and received the Academy Award for Technical Achievement fourteen years later . Over time , Tron developed into a cult film and eventually spawned a franchise , which consists of multiple video games , comic books and an animated television series . A sequel titled Tron : Legacy directed by Joseph Kosinski was released on December 17 , 2010 , with Bridges and Boxleitner reprising their roles , and Lisberger acting as producer .

neg: Brady Beeson Brady Beeson ( born February 17 , 1987 ) is an American football placekicker for the Spokane Empire of the Indoor Football League ( IFL ) .

neg: Thirteenth stroke of the clock Thirteenth stroke of the clock or `` thirteen strikes of the clock '' is a phrase , saying , and proverb to indicate that the previous events or `` strokes to the clock '' must be called into question . This is illustrated in the fictional case of `` Rex vs Haddock '' in which a remark by one of the parties is compared to the thirteenth stroke of a clock : not only is this thirteenth strike itself discredited , but it casts a shade of doubt over all previous assertions . This proverb puts forth the notion that if just one of someone 's proclamations is wrong , or something of a process is wrong , then the correctness and accuracy of all the previous items is called into question . In a legal case it brings forth the notion that perhaps none of the party 's claims are valid , given that one of them is obviously wrong .   A physicist and mathematician notes the problem with his variation on the same general idea . He points out that if a clock strikes the thirteenth hour then it has counted wrongly and reflects on the other twelve hours of the clock 's strokes as then they could also be wrong .   Within the 24-hour clock system used for official and technical purposes throughout most of the world , there is a time that could be called `` 13 o'clock '' . However , the 24-hour system only came into widespread use in the 20th century , and most analogue clocks ( including virtually all chiming or striking clocks ) still work on the 12-hour system . A striking clock rings a bell once for each hour of the time . One ring is 1 o'clock , two rings is 2 o'clock , three rings is 3 o'clock , four rings is 4 o'clock , etc. . Traditional clocks that strike a bell only mark 12 hours . After the twelfth hour with the twelve rings of the bell then the next hour should be with one ring only , indicating 1 o'clock . Accordingly , with very rare exceptions , when a clock rings thirteen times it is indicating an impossible time and that the clock is not functioning correctly . A children 's riddle asks `` What time is it when the clock strikes thirteen ? '' The answer is `` Time to get a new clock ! ''

neg: About Time (play) About Time is a theatrical play written by playwright Tom Cole that debuted in 1990 Off Broadway at the John Houseman Theater . This two-character play featured an elderly couple , identified only as Old Man and Old Woman , chatting and arguing about matters around the subject of death . Directed by Tony Giordano , the play original production starred James Whitmore and Audra Lindley , described in a Mel Gussow review as an `` endearing couple '' who `` act their way through and around the slight play that Tom Cole has created for them '' . Lindley and Whitmore had been married to each other and divorced in 1979 , yet continued to perform with each other on stage .   The play presents four short scenes , titled `` Breakfast '' , `` Lunch '' , `` Supper '' and `` Late Snack '' , with the play traditionally having an intermission between the second and third sets . Almost of the play revolves around food and meals , its preparation and consumption , set in the kitchen of their condo . The set , designed by Kent Dorsey , included a fully functional kitchen . The Old Woman laments how her advancing age has increased the amount of time she requires to prepare meals for Old Man 's demanding appetite , including his favorite dish of chopped vegetables with sour cream , while her need for food has only diminished .   The couple talks about their past , providing some limited insights into the characters , with the Old Man describing how he operated a successful business but regrets not doing more to have helped the needy , though the play provides little about Old Woman and her past or the steps that led her to taking a subservient role in their marriage to her husband . The second-most discussed issue behind food is sex , with Gussow describing in his review how Old Woman believes `` that nymphomania may be her mania of choice '' .   Gussow credited the director and cast for performing beyond the play 's flaws , noting how Whitmore was able to play a `` foxy pretender '' even with his face hidden behind a newspaper , while Lindley combined humor and sweetness in her performance .   The play had been produced at the George Street Playhouse in New Brunswick , New Jersey in February 1990 under the title The Eighties , directed by Gregory S. Hurst with the same cast as Off-Broadway . An earlier version was produced in March 1983 at the Milwaukee Repertory Theater in Milwaukee , Wisconsin under The Eighties , or Last Love , with Megan Hunt and Emmettt O'Sullivan Moore in the two roles .

neg: It's Five O'Clock Somewhere `` It 's Five O'Clock Somewhere '' is a song performed by Alan Jackson and Jimmy Buffett , and written by Jim `` Moose '' Brown and Don Rollins . It was released in June 2003 as the lead single from Jackson 's 2003 compilation album Greatest Hits Volume II . It spent eight non-consecutive weeks at Number One on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart in summer of 2003 . In addition , the song hit number 17 on the US Hot 100 , making it the biggest pop hit for Jackson and the first top forty hit for Buffett since the 1970s . On November 5 , 2003 , it also won the Country Music Association ( CMA ) Award for Vocal Event of the Year . The song became the # 3 country song of the decade on Billboard 's Hot Country Songs Chart .

neg: Tom Caron Tom Caron ( born in Lewiston , Maine ) is a sportscaster and anchor on New England 's NESN network .

neg: Lee Jones (author) Lee Jones is an online poker executive and the author of Winning Low-Limit Hold 'em . He also contributes a monthly column to Bluff Magazine .   Jones earned his B.S. in Computer Science from Duke University in North Carolina in 1978 , and his M.S. in Electrical Engineering from the University of Maryland in 1983 .   From October 2003 to April 2007 , Jones worked as the cardroom manager of the PokerStars online poker cardroom . As the poker room manager , Jones decided which poker tournaments and games to offer the players . In April 2007 , Jones retired as the poker room manager of PokerStars and began work with the European Poker Tour . Jones said that he was making the change `` to expand -LSB- his -RSB- horizons and stretch some new muscles . '' Jones organized , hosted , and provided television commentary for EPT events , while also still serving as a consultant for PokerStars .   In April 2008 Jones announced he was leaving EPT to become COO of CardRunners , a poker instructional website . He left Cardrunners in 2009 .   In May 2009 Jones signed on with the Cake Poker Network 's flagship member Cake Poker as the Card Room Manager . He was also acting as a player advocate at Cake Poker . He resigned from Cake Poker in December 2010 citing `` strategic decisions with which I 'm not comfortable ''   In 2012 , Jones returned to work with PokerStars when they acquired FullTiltPoker .   In 2014 , Jones earned 14th place in the Isle of Man stop of UKIPT ( United Kingdom and Ireland Poker Tour )   In 2006 Jones and a former math lecturer named James Kittock ( now at Google ) developed a system for playing heads-up that they called the Sit and Go Endgame System ( SAGE ) . This drew a mention in the New York Times poker column .

neg: Tom Fell Thomas Charles `` Tom '' Fell ( born 17 October 1993 in Hillingdon , Middlesex ) is an English cricketer who plays for Worcestershire . He is a right-handed batsman and occasional wicket-keeper .   Tom Fell was educated at Oakham School , where he was the highest run scorer in the school 's history . He went on to study at Oxford Brookes University , and played for Oxford MCCU . He left university after a year to focus on cricket .   After the end of the 2015 season , it was confirmed that Fell was suffering from testicular cancer , but after initially being cleared to play grade cricket in Australia , a scan subsequently detected the disease in his lymph nodes and Fell returned to home to undergo chemotherapy . After receiving the all-clear Fell returned to cricket in July 2016 with a half century against Leicestershire .

neg: Alamo Bowl The Alamo Bowl is a NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision college football bowl game played annually since 1993 in the Alamodome in San Antonio , Texas . The current champions are the Oklahoma State Cowboys . Since 2010 it matches the second choice team from the Pac-12 Conference and the third choice team from the Big 12 Conference .   Traditionally , the Alamo Bowl has been played in December , although there have been three instance where it was played in January ; the games following the 2009 , 2014 , and 2015 seasons were played early in the next calendar year .