query: David Dhawan is a director of films.

pos: David Dhawan David Dhawan ( born Rajinder Dhawan on 16 August 1955 ) is an Indian film director who works in Hindi films . He is the father of Bollywood actor Varun Dhawan and director Rohit Dhawan . He is best known for directing several successful films , including the comedies Swarg ( 1990 ) , Shola Aur Shabnam ( 1992 ) , Judwaa ( 1997 ) , Dulhan Hum Le Jayenge ( 2000 ) , Mujhse Shaadi Karogi ( 2004 ) , Maine Pyaar Kyun Kiya ? ( 2005 ) , Partner ( 2007 ) , Chashme Baddoor ( 2013 ) and Main Tera Hero ( 2014 ) . The 1993 action thriller Aankhen and the 1999 comedy Biwi No. 1 earned him the Filmfare Award for Best Director nominations .

neg: BAFTA Award for Best Film The BAFTA Award for Best Film is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . It has been given since the 1st BAFTA Awards , representing the best films of 1947 , but until 1969 it was called the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source . It is possible for films from any country to be nominated , although British films are also recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best British Film and ( since 1983 ) foreign-language films in BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language . As such , there have been multiple occasions of a film being nominated in two of these categories .   There has been one tie for the Best Film award when , in 1962 , Ballad of a Soldier tied with The Hustler for Best Film from any Source . Until 1981 , the award was given to the director , except in 1976 and 1977 , when it was given to the producers . From 1981 to 1985 , it was given solely to the producers , and then in 1986 , it was shared between the Director and Producer . In 1998 , it was once again given to only the producers .   In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .

neg: Shola Aur Shabnam (1992 film) Shola aur Shabnam is a 1992 Bollywood romantic drama film directed by David Dhawan starring Govinda and Divya Bharti . Shola aur Shabnam was a Superhit at the box office with the song `` Tu Pagal Premi Awara '' being applauded by the audience . It was the fourth highest grossing Indian film of the year 1992 after Beta , Khuda Gawah and  Deewana . Anupam kher got universal acclaim for his potrayal of character colonel I.M Lathi .

neg: Dilip Rayamajhi Madan Ghimire ( born 10 Feb 1990 ) is a nationally acclaimed extraordinary Nepalese Actor , producer , choreographer and a dance director . He is amongst the elite few actors who has risen to the industry pinnacle and carved a niche of his own . Ghimire first became known in 1990 's when he began his career as an emerging actor in 1996 . Since then he has played in more than 150 movies in the lead role . Most of the movies he has played were amongst the widely commercially successful pictures of the decade that catapulted Ghimire to stardom . Movies like `` Darpan Chayya '' , `` Lahana '' , `` Superstar '' , `` Miss u. . '' `` Zindagani '' , were one of the blockbusters celebrating 50/100 days of continuously showcased movies in many major theatres across Nepal and managed some major international previews .   Ghimire has been representing Nepali movie industry in a broader Nepali communities living abroad by participating in many cultural programs & being chief jury member and sponsor for many different shows . He has been contributing his skills , effort , innovation and huge shift in contemporary acting/directing by preserving , promoting and introducing Nepali movies as well as newcomers to the industry . He is also renowned for his Choreography in more than 12 films thus far .   Being a part of the elite group of actors , he has been performing and shooting for movies in more than two dozen countries abroad including Europe , UK , Austria , Belgium , Germany , France , Luxembourg , Korea , Israel , Hong Kong , Singapore , Malaysia , UAE , Thailand , Qatar , India , China , etc. .   Rayamajhi has been honoured with many prestigious awards from national and international organizations . Best Débutante Actor ( Motion Picture Award 1999 ) ; Best Actor 2001 ; Best Actor ( Dabur Anmol Motion Picture ) ; Best Actor in Negative Role ( NEFTA TV Film 2001 ) ; Best Actor ( Motion Picture 2003 ) ; Best Actor in Comic Role ( National Film Award 2005 ) .   Dilip Rayamajhi is one of the top actors in Nepal . Winning myriads of award trophies and accolades for his unbeatable performance . He believes in making things happen with his effortless charms and invincible performance skills . He started his career merely as a dancer and progressively went to become an assistant dance director . He got his first movie break in a video film as a side dancer and then he was offered the `` big break '' in a much acclaimed movie `` Bhanubhankta '' . He has not glanced back ever since . He is a versatile actor and a dancer who has taken Nepali movie market by a storm . There are innumerable actors who have steeped onto to the movie market scene since Dilip 's debut in the industry but no one has even begun to create the same kind of charm which Dilip indelibly leaves after each screen performance .   Dilip has been performing live shows across the globe in an effort to celebrate Nepalese culture , music and film-making . His great stage presence is felt every time he gets down to a stage and gives his best performance . He not only performs but touches millions of heart of his fans and non-fans equally proving himself an irresistible heart-throb every time . His impeccable personality on-screen and off-screen is worth million applause . His co-workers testify the same .   There are lots of things he aspires to undertake to promote Nepali film industry . Most of his movies have earned sincere praises from critics worldwide . This proves that he is a versatile,multi-talented and willing to get his hands on the diversity of movie-making . Such a big commitment towards the industry at such a young age is worth celebrating for . He has proved to be a valuable asset not only to his country but also to the NRN 's living abroad who can now be a part of events performed by Dilip . Plethora of offers are mounting these days for Dilip to perform and conduct premier shows for his upcoming movies overseas . He has been flattered with the sponsorship offers and thanks all of the wellwisers and sponsors for their kindness and immense love towards conserving and promoting Nepalese film industry .

neg: Main Tera Hero Main Tera Hero ( translation : I 'm Your Hero ) is a 2014 Indian romantic action comedy film , directed by David Dhawan and produced by Shobha Kapoor and Ekta Kapoor for Balaji Motion Pictures.This film was tribute to Govinda . The film stars Varun Dhawan , Ileana D'Cruz , and Nargis Fakhri in the lead roles . Principal photography for the movie began on 30 May 2013 , filming started on 5 July 2013 and was completed by 15 October . The film released on 4 April 2014 to mixed reviews from critics , though managed to earn the verdict of Hit at the box office . It is a remake of the 2011 Telugu film Kandireega .

neg: Buddhadeb Dasgupta Buddhadeb Dasgupta ( Bengali : বুদ্ধদেব দাশগুপ্ত Buddhodeb Dashgupto ) ( born 1944 ) is a poet and prominent contemporary Indian filmmaker , most known for films like Bagh Bahadur , Tahader Katha , Charachar and Uttara . Five of his films have won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film , Bagh Bahadur ( 1989 ) , Charachar ( 1993 ) , Lal Darja ( 1997 ) , Mondo Meyer Upakhyan ( 2002 ) and Kaalpurush ( 2008 ) , while Dooratwa ( 1978 ) and Tahader Katha ( 1993 ) have won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Bengali . As a director , he has won National Film Award for Best Direction twice , for Uttara ( 2000 ) and Swapner Din ( 2005 ) . Over the years he has published several works of poetry including Govir Araley , Coffin Kimba Suitcase , Himjog , Chhaata Kahini , Roboter Gaan , Sreshtha Kabita , and Bhomboler Ascharya Kahini O Ananya Kabita '' .

neg: David Hayman Jr. David Hayman Jr. is a Scottish film director .

neg: S. N. Patankar Shree Nath Patankar ( ? -1941 ) was an Indian producer , director , and cameraman . Referred to as `` one of the early pioneers of Indian Cinema '' , his influence is stated to be equal to that of Dadasaheb Phalke . He was one of a wide range of people who filmed the historic Delhi Durbar in 1911 held for King George V of England . The Durbar was also filmed by Madan and Hiralal Shah , another professional photographer from Bombay .   Patankar initially teamed up with V. P. Divekar and A. P. Karandikar , with the renowned freedom fighter and Nationalist leader , Lokmanya Tilak , helping them in getting finance from Bhagwandas Chaturbhuj and Dharamdas Narayandas , two well-established financiers . Their debut production in 1912 , Savitri , directed by Patankar was unsuccessful . The three formed a production company called Patankar Union in 1913 . They produced The Death Of Narayanrao Peshwa also called The Murder Of Narayanrao Peshwa in 1915 , which has been cited as the first historical film of Indian cinema , as well as the mythological Ram Vanvas ( The Exile Of Rama ) ( 1918 ) .   Patankar went on to form Patankar Friends and Company with Dwarkadas Sampat who had joined them in 1917 , producing and directing Kach-Devyani ( 1920 ) . He also worked as an actor in films like Mahashweta Kadambari ( 1922 ) , Videhi Janak ( 1923 ) , and Vaman Avatar ( 1923 ) , which were directed by him . In a career-span of fifteen years covering 1912-1926 , he made over forty films .   According to Rajadhyaksha and Willemen , Patankar 's `` historicals and mythologicals were among the most professionally made films before the studio era ( pre-1925 ) '' .

neg: Directors Guild of Great Britain The Directors Guild of Great Britain ( DGGB ) is a professional organization which represents directors across all media , including film , television , theatre , radio , opera , commercials , music videos , corporate film/video and training , documentaries , multimedia and `` new technology '' . It has evolved to become an independent trade union and a non-profit limited company , asset-linked to the Directors Guild Trust , the charity arm of the Guild .

neg: Dhadkan (1946 film) Dhadkan is a Bollywood film . It was released in 1946 .

neg: Aparnaa Singh Aparna Singh is a Bollywood film writer and director .

neg: Shikhar Dhawan Shikhar Dhawan ( born 5 December 1985 ) is an Indian international cricketer . He is a left-handed opening batsman and occasional right-arm off break bowler , who plays for Delhi in domestic cricket and Sunrisers Hyderabad in the IPL . He played for the Indian Under-17 and Under-19 teams before making his first-class debut for Delhi in November 2004 . He was the player of the tournament and leading run-scorer at the 2004 Under-19 Cricket World Cup with 505 runs , a record for most runs in a single Under-19 World Cup that still stands .   Dhawan made his One Day International ( ODI ) debut against Australia in October 2010 at Visakhapatnam . His Test debut came against the same opposition in March 2013 at Mohali where he scored the fastest century by any batsman on Test debut ( 85 balls ) and ended his innings with 187 runs from 174 balls . He was the leading run-scorer and the Man of the Tournament of 2013 ICC Champions Trophy in England , which India won . In August 2013 , he recorded the then second highest individual score in a List A match when he scored 248 runs off 150 balls for India A against South Africa A at Pretoria . In November 2014 , he became the fastest Indian batsman to reach the 2000-run mark in ODIs . He was the leading run-scorer for India and fifth highest run-scorer overall at the 2015 Cricket World Cup .   In 2016 , he became the fastest Indian and one of the three fastest batsmen in the world to reach 3000 ODI runs . He was the player of the match in the final of the 2016 Asia Cup which India won . He was the fourth highest run-getter of the 2016 Indian Premier League which Hyderabad won .

neg: Sacha Dhawan Sacha Dhawan ( born May 1 , 1984 ) is a British actor of Indian descent . He has performed on stage , film , television and radio .

neg: David Thomson (film critic) David Thomson ( born 1941 ) is a British film critic and historian based in the United States and the author of more than 20 books . His reference works in particular -- Have You Seen ... ? : A Personal Introduction to 1,000 Films ( 2008 ) and The New Biographical Dictionary of Film ( 6th edition , 2014 ) -- have been praised as works of high literary merit and eccentricity . Benjamin Schwarz , writing in the Atlantic Monthly , called him `` probably the greatest living film critic and historian '' who `` writes the most fun and enthralling prose about the movies since Pauline Kael '' . John Banville called him `` the greatest living writer on the movies '' .

neg: Prabhu Solomon Prabhu Solomon ( பிரபு சாலமன் born 7 May 1969 ) is an Indian film director who has primarily worked on Tamil films . After making his debut in 1999 , he had a middling career before rising to prominence with the success of the romantic tragedy film Mynaa ( 2010 ) .

neg: Cinema of Sri Lanka Sri Lankan cinema encompasses the films made in Sri Lanka . It is a fledgling industry that has struggled to find a footing since its inauguration in 1947 with Kadawunu Poronduwa produced by S.M. Nayagam of Chitra Kala Movietone . Sri Lankan films are usually made in the Sinhalese language , the language of the majority Sinhala people .   In the first nine years most films were made in South India and followed the conventions of Indian cinema . Studio shooting was the norm , with Indian style sets erected in film studios . Even though it is popularly held that Rekava , made in 1956 by pioneer director Lester James Peries , was the first Sinhala film to be shot completely out of studio , it was really the film `` Gambada Sundari '' , made in 1950 which was the first film shot outside studios . It was also the first Sri Lankan film where , like in `` Rekawa '' , the dialog was recorded on the spot . This was because the film was shot on 16mm , using an Auricon sound-on-film camera which recorded the sound on the 16mm film optically , unlike in the case of where the sound was recorded on a Kinevox 35mm magnetic recorder . The film was later ` blown-up ' to 35mm and was screened in Colombo in 1950 .   Though `` Rekawa '' was acclaimed by local and international critics , the film failed to find an audience in the country and was a box office failure . Films continued to follow formulaic storylines borrowed from India up through the early 1960s despite such efforts as Sandesaya and Kurulu Bedda .   In 1964 , Lester James Peries again contributed to the development of Sri Lankan cinema with Gamperaliya which was the first Sinhala film to feature no songs and like Rekava shot completely outside the studio . It garnered massive praise for portraying Sinhala culture in a realistic manner and was hailed by critics and audiences alike . The producer Anton Wicremasinghe was awarded the Silver Peacock at the New Delhi International Film Festival for Gamperaliya . Following this breakthrough , several artistic Sinhala films were made in the late-1960s including Sath Samudura by professor Siri Gunasinghe , ably supported by exquisite cinematography by Dr.D.B . Nihalsinghe .   During the 1970s several talents came to the forefront while commercial cinema continued to steal storylines and plots from Indian films . These include Dr. D.B. Nihalsingha with `` Weilkatara '' - Sri Lanka 's first film in Cinemascope ratio wide screen in 1972 ; Vasantha Obeysekera who followed up his well-received debut Ves Gatho with a slew of successful films culminating with Palangetiyo in 1979 . Another major director who stepped forward during this time is Dharmasena Pathiraja who examined the tensions of city youth in such works as Bambaru Awith and Ahas Gauwa . Artist and poet Mahagama Sekera 's sole film Thun Man Handiya is also an important film in Sri Lankan cinema released in 1970 . Sumitra Peries , the wife of Lester James Peries , also struck out during the 1970s with work that looked at the conflicting roles of women in society . Her work include Gehenu Lamai and Ganga Addara .   Over the next few decades , artists such as Tissa Abeysekara , Dr. D.B. Nihalsingha , Udayakantha Warnasooriya , H.D.Premaratne , Ashoka Handagama , Prasanna Vithanage and Vimukthi Jayasundara have attempted to breathe new life into the industry . Nihalsingha was an accomplished cinematographer as well as an editor : so his films has an input which was special and brought a viewpoint to all his films , most of which focused on the exploited women .   Vithanage 's film Purahanda Kaluwara is widely considered one of the best movies made in Sri Lanka as is Jayasundara 's Sulanga Enu Pinisa which won the coveted Camera d'Or for best first film at the 2005 Cannes Film Festival .   During Sri Lankan Civil War several films have begun to tackle gritty subjects such as family relationships , abortion and results of the conflict between the military and Tamil Tiger rebels in the north . Director Asoka Handagama especially has drawn criticism for pursuing such material in his work .   In the recent years high budget films like Aloko Udapadi , Aba ( film ) and Maharaja Gemunu based on Sinhalese epic historical stories gain huge success .

neg: Aag Ka Gola Aag Ka Gola ( English translation - Fire Ball ) is 1989 Hindi language Movie directed by David Dhawan and starring Sunny Deol , Dimple Kapadia , Shakti Kapoor and Prem Chopra .

neg: Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film .   The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .

neg: Bahniman Bahniman is a 2016 Assamese language drama film directed by Biswajeet Bora . Filmmaker Biswajeet Bora had long wanted to make a movie that transcends the rigidity of commercial cinema with something unusual and unique from the point of view of story and treatment . His highly engaging Aisa Yeh Jahaan created cinematic history when it became the country 's first carbon-neutral film . Its subject has a humanity that connected deeply to the audiences across the country , which makes film enthusiasts and fans , especially in Assam , all the more curious to see what Biswajeet has up his sleeve in his new project.But belying expectations , the Mumbai-based filmmaker , out to prove a point or two , returns with a lot of fire power in his belly to direct a full-fledged entertainer titled ` Bahniman ' . He has been quite keen to explore some new ideas in a commercial venture for some time now . This big-budget Assamese movie , produced by Barnali Hazarika under the banner of Santoshi Maa Production , is presently drawing a lot of media attention , and not without reason . Its shooting progressing at a hurried pace in various locations , Biswajeet Bora 's film is going to be a refreshing spin on the action genre , quite unlike anything seen here . He has got the technical expertise and acumen , having spent years in Mumbai , India 's entertainment hub , where he was fortunate enough to observe a lot of well-known filmmakers at work , including the renowned Jahnu Barua , whom he also assisted for close to six years . He has left nothing to chance here . All the technical aspects are being looked after and executed with a lot of precision and planning.The story of the film revolves around three childhood friends , lost to their own fates , only to re-emerge as fierce rivals . But soon they reunite to fight for the cause of their city which is controlled by mafia kingpin Kanu Sharma . Its about friendship , lost love and revenge.There 's no greater satisfaction to a filmmaker than being on a movie set , getting to work with talented people -- actors , actresses and the technicians .

neg: Dinesh Sharma (actor) For Dinesh Sharma the Indian politician see Dinesh Sharma   Dinesh Sharma is a Nepalese film actor , producer , director and television personality . Dinesh Sharma started his acting debut with a supporting role in 1993 in the Nepali film Chatyang , the 80th Nepali film . It is produced by Bishwa Murti and directed by Pratap Subbar . The actors in Chatyang are Rajesh Hamal , Gauri Malla , Dinesh Sharma , Rupa Rana , Tika Pahadi , Subhadra Adhikari , and Ramesh Budhathoki . Sharma has directed the film DANAV under his own banner , Rakshanda Films , and produced the Nepali film ANTYA . He has worked on more than 200 Nepali feature films as an actor in nearly 25 years . He has also had roles in TV serials including : `` Achanak '' , `` Parichaya '' , `` Yatana '' , `` Gahana '' , `` Santan '' , `` Duithopa Anshu '' , and `` Bhumika '' . For social awareness , Dinesh Sharma has appeared in more than a dozen documentaries for awareness of HIV/AIDS and has taken part in an educational awareness program for Nepal 's rural areas .

neg: List of accolades received by Haider (film) Haider is a 2014 Indian crime-drama film directed by Vishal Bhardwaj , and produced by Bhardwaj and Siddharth Roy Kapur . The film stars Shahid Kapoor as the eponymous protagonist , and co-stars Tabu , Kay Kay Menon , Shraddha Kapoor , and Irrfan Khan . Bhardwaj wrote the dialogues for the film , and co-wrote the screenplay with Basharat Peer . Bhardwaj also composed the music and Gulzar wrote the lyrics . The film is a modern-day adaptation of William Shakespeare 's tragedy Hamlet , and tells the story of Haider who searches for his missing father during the Kashmir conflict of 1995 .   Produced on a budget of , Haider was released on 2 October 2014 , and grossed worldwide . The film garnered awards and nominations in several categories , with particular praise for its direction , performances of Shahid Kapoor and Tabu , music and production design . As of June 2015 , the film has won 36 awards .   At the 62nd National Film Awards , Haider earned five awards , more than any other film at the ceremony , including Best Music Direction and Best Screenplay ( Dialogues ) ( both Bhardwaj ) . Haider also won five awards at the 60th Filmfare Awards ceremony , including Best Actor ( Shahid Kapoor ) , Best Supporting Actor ( Menon ) , and Best Supporting Actress ( Tabu ) . It also received nominations for Best Film and Best Director at the ceremony . At the 2015 Screen Awards , Haider received nominations for Best Film and Best Director , and won five awards , including Best Actor and Best Supporting Actress . Haider also won nine awards at the 16th ceremony of the International Indian Film Academy Awards , including Best Actor and Best Supporting Actress .


query: This Sporting Life was directed by a director born in 1919.

pos: Lindsay Anderson Lindsay Gordon Anderson ( 17 April 1923 -- 30 August 1994 ) was a British feature film , theatre and documentary director , film critic , and leading light of the Free Cinema movement and the British New Wave . He is most widely remembered for his 1968 film if ... , which won the Palme d'Or at Cannes Film Festival and was Malcolm McDowell 's cinematic debut . He is also notable , though not a professional actor , for playing a minor role in the Academy Award winning film Chariots of Fire . Malcolm McDowell produced a 2007 documentary about his experiences with Lindsay Anderson , Never Apologize .

pos: This Sporting Life This Sporting Life is a 1963 British feature film based on the 1960 novel of the same name by David Storey , which won the 1960 Macmillan Fiction Award . It recounts the story of a rugby league footballer , Frank Machin , in Wakefield , a mining area of Yorkshire , whose romantic life is not as successful as his sporting life . Storey , a former professional rugby league footballer , also wrote the screenplay .   The film stars Richard Harris , Rachel Roberts , William Hartnell and Alan Badel . It was directed by Lindsay Anderson . The film was Richard Harris 's first starring role , and won him a Best Actor Award at the 1963 Cannes Film Festival . He was also nominated for an Oscar for Best Actor in a Leading Role . Rachel Roberts won her second BAFTA award for This Sporting Life and an Oscar nomination for best actress . Harris was nominated for the BAFTA that year as well . The film opened at the Odeon Leicester Square in London 's West End on 7 February 1963 .

neg: Jacques Daniel-Norman Jacques Daniel-Norman ( real name Joseph Jacques Compère ( 2 December 1901 - 5 December 1978 ) was a French film director and screenwriter .

neg: Real Life (1979 film) Real Life is a 1979 American comedy film starring Albert Brooks ( in his directorial debut ) , who also co-authored the screenplay . It is a spoof of the 1973 reality television program An American Family and portrays a documentary filmmaker named Albert Brooks who attempts to live with and film a dysfunctional family for one full year .   Charles Grodin co-stars as the family 's patriarch who consents to permit cameras in his Arizona home . Real-life producer Jennings Lang also has an acting role in Real Life .

neg: Gower Champion Gower Carlyle Champion ( June 22 , 1919 -- August 25 , 1980 ) was an American actor , theatre director , choreographer , and dancer .

neg: The Glorious Adventure The Glorious Adventure is a lost 1918 American silent drama film directed by Hobart Henley .

neg: Robert Kramer Robert Kramer ( June 22 , 1939 -- November 10 , 1999 ) was an American film director , screenwriter and actor . He directed 19 films between 1965 and 1999 , most of them political cinema made from a left-wing point of view . His film À toute allure was entered into the 1982 Cannes Film Festival .

neg: Gerd Oswald Gerd Oswald ( June 9 , 1919 -- May 22 , 1989 ) was a director of American films and television .

neg: Sunken Rocks Sunken Rocks is a 1919 British silent drama film directed by Cecil M. Hepworth and starring Alma Taylor , Gerald Ames and James Carew .

neg: Never Say Quit Never Say Quit is a lost 1919 American silent comedy film directed by Edward Dillon . It was produced and distributed by the Fox Film Corporation .

neg: A Sporting Chance (1919 Pathe film) A Sporting Chance is a surviving 1919 American silent drama film directed by Henry King and produced by starring William Russell . It was distributed through Pathé Exchange . It is not to be confused with another film released a month later by Paramount called A Sporting Chance starring Ethel Clayton which is lost .

neg: The Adventures of Ruth The Adventures of Ruth is a 1919 American film serial directed by George Marshall . It is now considered to be a lost film .

neg: Mario Gallo Mario Gallo ( July 31 , 1878 - 1945 ) was an Italian born Argentine film director of the 1900s and 1910s and one of the earliest directors in the Cinema of Argentina . He directed what is nowadays considered the first fiction feature movie , El Fusilamiento de Dorrego , now lost .   Born in Barletta , Apulia , southern Italy , Gallo arrived in Argentina in 1905 and began directing in 1909 El Fusilamiento de Dorrego , which he presented a year later . Argentine cinema had so far consisted of shorts depicting parts of Buenos Aires and even a documental by Eugène Py , in 1900 , but Gallo 's film was the first to be a feature work of fiction . In later years , Gallo claimed to have filmed other films first , all equally lost and of which remained no evidence . Gallo 's films consisted of short glimpses of reenacted Argentine history - historical events , myths and battles .   He died at Buenos Aires in 1945 .

neg: David Hartford David Hartford ( 1873 -- 1932 ) was an American actor and film director best known for directing the movie Back to God 's Country ( 1919 ) .

neg: Sporting Blood (1940 film) Sporting Blood is a 1940 American drama film , directed by S. Sylvan Simon for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer . It stars Robert Young , Maureen O'Sullivan , and Lewis Stone .

neg: Janusz Kłosiński Janusz Kłosiński ( born 19 November 1920 , Łódź ) is a Polish film and theatre actor .

neg: Glauco Pellegrini Glauco Pellegrini ( 1919 -- 1991 ) was an Italian screenwriter and film director .

neg: D. W. Griffith David Wark Griffith ( January 22 , 1875 -- July 23 , 1948 ) was an American director , writer , and producer who pioneered modern filmmaking techniques .   Griffith is best remembered for The Birth of a Nation ( 1915 ) and Intolerance ( 1916 ) . The Birth of a Nation made use of advanced camera and narrative techniques , and its popularity set the stage for the dominance of the feature-length film in the United States . Since its release , the film has sparked significant controversy surrounding race in the United States , focusing on its negative depiction of African Americans and its glorification of the Ku Klux Klan . Today , it is both noted for its radical technique and condemned for its inherently racist philosophy . The film was subject to boycotts by the NAACP and , after screenings of the film had caused riots at several theaters , the film was censored in many cities , including New York City . Intolerance , his next film , was , in part , an answer to his critics .   Several of Griffith 's later films , including Broken Blossoms ( 1919 ) , Way Down East ( 1920 ) , and Orphans of the Storm ( 1921 ) , were also successful , but his high production , promotional , and roadshow costs often made his ventures commercial failures . By the time of his final feature , The Struggle ( 1931 ) , he had made roughly 500 films .   Griffith is one of the founders of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences and widely considered among the most important figures in the history of cinema . He is credited with popularizing the use of the close-up shot .

neg: 1919 Washington State Cougars football team The 1919 Washington State Cougars football team was an American football team that represented Washington State College during the 1919 college football season . Head coach Gus Welch led the team to a 2 -- 2 mark in the PCC and 5 -- 2 overall . This year marked the team 's adoption of the `` Cougars '' nickname .

neg: The Glorious Lady The Glorious Lady is a 1919 American silent drama film directed by George Irving . A copy of the film survives in the Nederlands Filmmuseum .

neg: Vladimir Pogačić Vladimir Pogačić ( 23 September 1919 -- 13 September 1999 ) was a Yugoslav film director .

neg: Mike Cahill (director) Mike Cahill ( born July 5 , 1979 ) is an American film director and screenwriter .


query: International Relations includes technology and engineering, economics, communication studies, history, international law, demography, philosophy, geography, social work, sociology, anthropology, criminology, psychology, gender studies, cultural studies, culturology, and diplomacy, globalization, diplomatic relations, state sovereignty, international security, ecological sustainability, nuclear proliferation, nationalism, economic development, global finance, as well as terrorism and organized crime, human security, foreign interventionism, and human rights, as well, as, more recently, comparative religion.

pos: International relations International relations ( IR ) or international affairs , depending on academic institution , is either a field of political science , an interdisciplinary academic field similar to global studies , or an entirely independent academic discipline in which students take a variety of internationally focused courses in social science and humanities disciplines . In both cases , the field studies relationships between political entities ( polities ) such as states , sovereign states , empires , inter-governmental organizations ( IGOs ) , international non-governmental organizations ( INs ) , non-governmental organizations ( NGOs ) , and multinational corporations ( MNCs ) , and the wider world-systems produced by this interaction . International relations is an academic and a public policy field , and so can be positive and normative , because it analyzes and formulates the foreign policy of a given State .   As political activity , international relations dates from the time of the Greek historian Thucydides ( c. 460 -- 395 BC ) , and , in the early 20th century , became a discrete academic field ( No. 5901 in the 4-digit UNESCO Nomenclature ) within political science . In practice International Relations and International Affairs forms a separate academic program or field from Political Science , and the courses taught therein are highly interdisciplinary .   For example , international relations draws from the fields of : technology and engineering , economics , communication studies , history , international law , demography , philosophy , geography , social work , sociology , anthropology , criminology , psychology , gender studies , cultural studies , culturology , and diplomacy . The scope of international relations comprehends globalization , diplomatic relations , state sovereignty , international security , ecological sustainability , nuclear proliferation , nationalism , economic development , global finance , as well as terrorism and organized crime , human security , foreign interventionism , and human rights , as well , as , more recently , comparative religion .

neg: New international division of labour In economics , the new international division of labor ( NIDL ) is an outcome of globalization . The term was coined by theorists seeking to explain the spatial shift of manufacturing industries from advanced capitalist countries to developing countries -- an ongoing geographic reorganization of production , which finds its origins in ideas about a global division of labor . It is a spatial division of labor which occurs when the process of production is no longer confined to national economies . Under the `` old '' international division of labor , until around 1970 , underdeveloped areas were incorporated into the world economy principally as suppliers of minerals and agricultural commodities . However , as developing economies are merged into the world economy , more production takes place in these economies .   This has led to a trend of transference , or what is also known as the `` global industrial shift '' , in which production processes are relocated from developed countries ( such as the US , European countries , and Japan ) to developing countries in Asia ( such as China , Vietnam , and India ) and Latin America . This is because companies search for the cheapest locations to manufacture and assemble components , so low-cost labor-intensive parts of the manufacturing process are shifted to the developing world where costs are substantially lower . Companies do so by taking advantage of transportation and communications technology , as well as fragmentation and locational flexibility of production . From 1953 to the late 1990s , the industrialized economies ' share of world manufacturing output declined from 95 % to 77 % , and the developing economies ' share more than quadrupled from 5 % to 23 % .   The resultant division of labor across continents closely follows the North -- South socio-economic and political divide , wherein the North -- with one quarter of the world population -- controls four fifths of the world income , while the South -- with three quarters of the world population -- has access to one fifth of the world income .

neg: International Association International Association may refer to :   International Association ( baseball )  International Association for Cereal Science and Technology  International Association for Computing and Philosophy  International Association for Continuing Education and Training  International Association for Cryptologic Research  International Association for Cultural Freedom  International Association for Energy Economics  International Association for Food Protection  International Association for Group Psychotherapy  International Association for Human Values  International Association for Identification  International Association for New Science  International Association for Plant Taxonomy  International Association for Political Science Students  International Association for Professional Base Ball Players  International Association for Promotion of Christian Higher Education  International Association for Technology Trade  International Association for Veterinary Homeopathy  International Association for the Advancement of Ethnology and Eugenics  International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement  International Association for the Protection of Industrial Property  International Association for the Study of Pain  International Association of Academies  International Association of Administrative Professionals  International Association of Amateur Heralds  International Association of Analytical Psychologists  International Association of Antarctic Tour Operators  International Association of Arson Investigators  International Association of Art Critics  International Association of Astronomical Artists  International Association of Athletics Federations  International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts  International Association of Bridge , Structural , Ornamental and Reinforcing Iron Workers  International Association of Canine Professionals  International Association of Chiefs of Police  International Association of Classification Societies  International Association of Consulting Actuaries  International Association of Crime Analysts  International Association of Dental Students  International Association of Educators  International Association of Emergency Managers  International Association of Exorcists  International Association of Fairs and Expositions  International Association of Financial Engineers  International Association of Fire Fighters  International Association of Gay Square Dance Clubs  International Association of Genocide Scholars  International Association of Heat and Frost Insulators and Asbestos Workers  International Association of Human Values  International Association of Hydraulic Engineering and Research  International Association of Islamic Banks  International Association of Law Enforcement Intelligence Analysts  International Association of Lighthouse Authorities  International Association of Lions Clubs  International Association of Machinists  International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers  International Association of Nitrox and Technical Divers  International Association of Orofacial Myology  International Association of Privacy Professionals  International Association of Professional Numismatists  International Association of Prosecutors  International Association of Scientologists  International Association of Software Architects  International Association of Teachers of English as a Foreign Language  International Association of Travel Agents Network  International Association of Ultrarunners  International Association of Universities

neg: International Studies journal ` International Studies ' publishes original research articles on a wide range of issues and problems , as well as on the theoretical debates of contemporary relevance in the broader field of International Relations and Area Studies .  Published in association with Jawaharlal Nehru University , New Delhi  This journal is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics ( COPE ) .

neg: International trade theory International trade theory is a sub-field of economics which analyzes the patterns of international trade , its origins , and its welfare implications .

neg: Master of Science in Development Administration Master in Development Administration or Master of Science in Development Administration ( MSDEA ) is a post graduate academic degree in Community Development . It is intended to train professionals for careers in public and private development administrations . It aims to provide the scholars with the procedural and specialized skills and capability in translating national development plans and policies into precise programs and projects , planning , implementing , coordinating and managing the same for public equity . The course of education focused on the political as well as the economic scope of development .   The MDA provides professional training for careers with government , non-profit , and international development organizations . Core classes employ the case study method to build skills in program and project analysis . Cases include microfinance , primary health care , small enterprise development , public enterprise reform , agricultural extension , and others from across the developing world .   MDA classes focus on development theories , such as those oriented to government action , economic markets , and popular participation ; skills , such as budgeting , human resource management , research and writing , and public speaking ; methods , such as cost-benefit analysis , the logical framework , stakeholder analysis , monitoring and evaluation , and institutional analysis ; and the history of the development administration field . This field is inherently interdisciplinary , involving concepts from economics , political science , and public administration . While the MDA program is designed primarily as a professional program , instruction is grounded in prominent theories from these disciplines and provides a secure foundation for doctoral studies in the social sciences .   Professionals who undergo this type of academic program may become development specialist , Urban & Regional Development Planners , development researchers , and Community Sustainability managers and community relations officers ( especially in mining corporations where mining operations take place . )   The Program prepares individuals to be creative , innovative and entrepreneurial administrators of the various levels and agencies of government , non-government , and international organizations .   It is designed to ensure that students acquire the ability to :   * Conduct development research and policy analysis  * Analyze and understand situations and processes that hinder or facilitate the development process  * Formulate policies appropriate to the achievement of the goals of development   Competencies :   * Quality Assurance in Public Service  * Urban and Rural Development Planning  * Policy Analysis  * Development Research  * Project Evaluation and Analysis  * Program Design and Implementation  * Community-based Resource Management  * Knowledge Management  * Conflict and Negotiation Management  * Planned Change in Development  * Qualitative and Quantitative Decision Making  * Social Entrepreneurship  * Cultural Modification  * Social Marketing   There are three majors to choose from for career development in an NGO or Government sector .  Development Administration .  Development Research & Administration .  Organizational Studies   Master 's of Development administration , in general , will equip development workers and government leaders to make use of plans , policies , programmes and projects to fully strategize and attain socio-economic development .   After completing this academic program , the next step is the Doctor of Philosophy in Development Studies as the final degree in this field .

neg: Foreign policy A country 's foreign policy , also called foreign relations or foreign affairs - policy , consists of self-interest strategies chosen by the state to safeguard its national interests and to achieve goals within its international relations milieu . The approaches are strategically employed to interact with other countries . The study of such strategies is called foreign policy analysis . In recent times , due to the deepening level of globalization and transnational activities , the states will also have to interact with non-state actors . The aforementioned interaction is evaluated and monitored in attempts to maximize benefits of multilateral international cooperation . Since the national interests are paramount , foreign policies are designed by the government through high-level decision making processes . National interests accomplishment can occur as a result of peaceful cooperation with other nations , or through exploitation . Usually , creating foreign policy is the job of the head of government and the foreign minister ( or equivalent ) . In some countries the legislature also has considerable effects . Foreign policies of countries have varying rates of change and scopes of intent , which can be affected by factors that change the perceived national interests or even affect the stability of the country itself . The foreign policy of one country can have profound and lasting impact on many other countries and on the course of international relations as a whole , such as the Monroe Doctrine conflicting with the mercantilist policies of 19th-century European countries and the goals of independence of newly formed Central American and South American countries .

neg: Sources of international law International law is the name of a body of rules which regulate the conduct of the States in their relations with one another . Sources of international law include treaties , international customs , general principles of law as recognized by civilized nations , the decisions of national and lower courts , and scholarly writings . They are the materials and processes out of which the rules and principles regulating the international community are developed . They have been influenced by a range of political and legal theories .

neg: List of countries by Fragile States Index This is a list of countries by order of appearance in the Fragile States Index ( formerly the Failed States Index ) of the United States think-tank Fund for Peace .   A fragile state has several attributes . Common indicators include a state whose central government is so weak or ineffective that it has little practical control over much of its territory ; non-provision of public services ; widespread corruption and criminality ; refugees and involuntary movement of populations ; and sharp economic decline . Since 2005 , the index has been published annually by the Fund for Peace and the magazine Foreign Policy . The list has been cited by journalists and academics in making broad comparative points about countries or regions .   This is the list for 2016 , with comparisons of each country 's current score to previous years ' indices .   The report uses 12 factors to determine the rating for each nation , including security threats , economic implosion , human rights violations and refugee flows .

neg: National security National Security is a concept that a government , along with its parliaments , should protect the state and its citizens against all kind of `` national '' crises through a variety of power projections , such as political power , diplomacy , economic power , military might , and so on .   The concept developed all in the United States after World War II . Initially focusing on military might , it now encompasses a broad range of facets , all of which impinge on the non-military or economic security of the nation and the values espoused by the national society . Accordingly , in order to possess national security , a nation needs to possess economic security , energy security , environmental security , etc. . Security threats involve not only conventional foes such as other nation-states but also non-state actors such as violent non-state actors , narcotic cartels , multinational corporations and non-governmental organisations ; some authorities include natural disasters and events causing severe environmental damage in this category .   Measures taken to ensure national security include :  using diplomacy to rally allies and isolate threats  marshalling economic power to facilitate or compel cooperation  maintaining effective armed forces  implementing civil defense and emergency preparedness measures ( including anti-terrorism legislation )  ensuring the resilience and redundancy of critical infrastructure  using intelligence services to detect and defeat or avoid threats and espionage , and to protect classified information  using counterintelligence services or secret police to protect the nation from internal threats   There is no single universally accepted definition of national security . The variety of definitions provide an overview of the many usages of this concept . The concept still remains ambiguous , having originated from simpler definitions which initially emphasised the freedom from military threat and political coercion to later increase in sophistication and include other forms of non-military security as suited the circumstances of the time .   A typical dictionary definition , in this case from the Macmillan Dictionary ( online version ) , defines the term as `` the protection or the safety of a country 's secrets and its citizens '' emphasising the overall security of a nation and a nation state . Walter Lippmann , in 1943 , defined it in terms of war saying that `` a nation has security when it does not have to sacrifice its legitimate ínterests to avoid war , and is able , if challenged , to maintain them by war '' . A later definition by Harold Lasswell , a political scientist , in 1950 , looks at national security from almost the same aspect , that of external coercion : `` The distinctive meaning of national security means freedom from foreign dictation . ''   In 1960 , Arnold Wolfers , while recognising the need to segregate the subjectivity of the conceptual idea from the objectivity , talks of threats to acquired values : `` An ambiguous symbol meaning different things to different people . National security objectively means the absence of threats to acquired values and subjectively , the absence of fear that such values will be attacked . '' The 1996 definition propagated by the National Defence College of India accretes the elements of national power : `` National security is an appropriate and aggressive blend of political resilience and maturity , human resources , economic structure and capacity , technological competence , industrial base and availability of natural resources and finally the military might . ''   Harold Brown , U.S. Secretary of Defense from 1977 to 1981 in the Carter administration , enlarged the definition of national security by including elements such as economic and environmental security : National security then is the ability to preserve the nation 's physical integrity and territory ; to maintain its economic relations with the rest of the world on reasonable terms ; to preserve its nature , institution , and governance from disruption from outside ; and to control its borders.In 1990 , Harvard University history professor Charles Maier defined national security through the lens of national power : `` National security ... is best described as a capacity to control those domestic and foreign conditions that the public opinion of a given community believes necessary to enjoy its own self-determination or autonomy , prosperity and wellbeing . '' According to Prabhakaran Paleri , author of National Security , Imperatives and Challenges , national security may be defined as : The measurable state of the capability of a nation to overcome the multi-dimensional threats to the apparent well-being of its people and its survival as a nation-state at any given time , by balancing all instruments of state policy through governance , that can be indexed by computation , empirically or otherwise , and is extendable to global security by variables external to it .  A concise working definition by Premaratne that paraphrases the aspects of the definitions of Brown , Romm and Paleri defines national security as  Safeguarding the sovereignty , territorial integrity , citizenry and socioeconomic functionality of a nation from an aggressor intent on undermining a particular valued aspect of a nation through violent or unjust means

neg: Modern constructivism Modern constructivism also known as conventional constructivism is the mainstream variant of constructivism in international relations theory . It can be distinguished from post-modern constructivism . Modern constructivism has an epistemology indebted to positivism .

neg: Anarchy Is What States Make of It Anarchy is What States Make of It ( full title : Anarchy is what states make of it : the social construction of power politics ) is a journal article by Alexander Wendt published in International Organization in 1992 that outlines a constructivist approach to international relations theory .   He argues that anarchy is not inherent in the international system in the way in which other schools of international relations theory envision it , but rather it is a construct of the nation-states in the system . At the core of constructivist thought is the idea that many core aspects of international relations are socially constructed ( they are given their form by ongoing processes of social practice and interaction ) , rather than inherent , contrary to the assumptions of neorealism and neoliberalism . According to Wendt , the two basic tenets of constructivism are :  The structures of human association are determined primarily by shared ideas rather than material forces  The identities and interests of purposive actors are constructed by these shared ideas rather than given by nature   The constructivist sentiment is summed up in the following extract from the article : `` I argue that self-help and power politics do not follow either logically or causally from anarchy and that if today we find ourselves in a self-help world , this is due to process , not structure . There is no ` logic ' of anarchy apart from the practices that create and instantiate one structure of identities and interests rather than another ; structure has no existence or causal powers apart from process . Self-help and power politics are institutions , not essential features , of anarchy . Anarchy is what states make of it '' .

neg: Interdisciplinarity Interdisciplinarity involves the combining of two or more academic disciplines into one activity ( e.g. , a research project ) . It is about creating something new by thinking across boundaries . It is related to an interdiscipline or an interdisciplinary field , which is an organizational unit that crosses traditional boundaries between academic disciplines or schools of thought , as new needs and professions emerge .   The term interdisciplinary is applied within education and training pedagogies to describe studies that use methods and insights of several established disciplines or traditional fields of study . Interdisciplinarity involves researchers , students , and teachers in the goals of connecting and integrating several academic schools of thought , professions , or technologies -- along with their specific perspectives -- in the pursuit of a common task . The epidemiology of AIDS or global warming requires understanding of diverse disciplines to solve complex problems . Interdisciplinary may be applied where the subject is felt to have been neglected or even misrepresented in the traditional disciplinary structure of research institutions , for example , women 's studies or ethnic area studies . Interdisciplinarity can likewise be applied to complex subjects that can only be understood by combining the perspectives of two or more fields .   The adjective interdisciplinary is most often used in educational circles when researchers from two or more disciplines pool their approaches and modify them so that they are better suited to the problem at hand , including the case of the team-taught course where students are required to understand a given subject in terms of multiple traditional disciplines . For example , the subject of land use may appear differently when examined by different disciplines , for instance , biology , chemistry , economics , geography , and politics .

neg: Harvard Department of Social Relations The Department of Social Relations for Interdisciplinary Social Science Studies , more commonly known as the `` Department of Social Relations '' was an interdisciplinary collaboration among three of the social science departments at Harvard University ( anthropology , psychology , and sociology ) beginning in 1946 . Originally , the program was headquartered in Emerson Hall at Harvard before moving to William James Hall in 1965 . While the name `` Social Relations '' is often associated with the program 's long-time chair and guiding spirit , sociologist Talcott Parsons , many major figures of mid-20th-century social science also numbered among the program 's faculty , including psychologists Gordon Allport ( personality and motivation ) , Jerome Bruner ( cognitive psychology and narrative analysis ) , Roger Brown ( social psychology and psycholinguistics ) , and Henry Murray ( personality ) ; anthropologists Clyde and Florence Kluckhohn ( value orientations ) , John and Beatrice Whiting ( cross-cultural child development ) , Evon Z. Vogt ( comparative religion ) ; and sociologist Alex Inkeles ( Soviet studies and national character ) . Many of its graduate students also went on to be major figures in U.S. social sciences during the latter part of the twentieth century ; their work tends towards strong interdisciplinary and cross-disciplinary approaches .   Allport and Boring discussed the origins of the department 's name in the April 1946 issue of the American Psychologist :  While -LSB- academic -RSB- departmental lines have remained rigid , there has been developing during the last decade , a synthesis of socio-cultural and psychological sciences which is widely recognized within the academic world in spite of the fact that there is no commonly accepted name to designate the synthesis . We propose that Harvard adopt , and thus help establish , the term Social Relations to characterize the emerging discipline which deals not only with the body of fact and theory traditionally recognized as the subject matter of sociology , but also with that portion of psychological science that treats the individual within the social system , and that portion of anthropological science that is particularly relevant to the social and cultural patterns of literate societies .   Social Relations sponsored or collaborated in a number of research studies characterized by explicit cross-cultural comparisons and multidisciplinary approaches to problems of policy or social theory . Major projects included the Six Cultures Study ( headed by John and Beatrice Whiting , an anthropological study of child development in six different cultures , including a New England Baptist community ; a Philippine barrio ; an Okinawan village ; an Indian village in Mexico ; a northern Indian caste group ; and a rural tribal group in Kenya ) ; a multidisciplinary analysis of Soviet culture and society , published in part as How the Soviet System Works ; and the Comparative Study of Values in Five Cultures during the 1950s , which examined five very different communities living in the same region of Texas : Zuni , Navajo , Mormon ( LDS ) , Spanish-American ( Mexican-American ) , and Texas Homesteaders .   The curriculum of the Harvard Social Relations had four inter-related components :  Sociology ;  Social Psychology ;  Social Anthropology ; and  Personality Theory .   The program disaggregated into its component departments around 1972 , though a certain interdisciplinarity remained throughout the 1970s .   A similar program at Yale , the Institute for Human Relations , also now disbanded , developed the Human Relations Area Files ( HRAF ) , a cross-cultural database for comparative research , administered by Carol and Melvin Ember .

neg: American University School of International Service The School of International Service ( SIS ) is American University 's school of advanced international study in the areas of international politics , international communication , international development , international economic relations , peace and conflict resolution , global environmental politics , and U.S. foreign policy .   The School of International Service was created when AU 's Hurst Anderson was urged by President Dwight D. Eisenhower to create a school of practitioners prepared for foreign policy beyond the U.S. -- Soviet rivalry . Since 1957 , SIS has prepared thousands of graduates to represent their country in the global arena by `` waging peace '' and employing the hallmarks of thoughtful diplomacy .   SIS is the largest school of international relations in the United States , enrolling more than 2,000 students from over 150 countries . The school makes extensive use of the academic and governmental resources offered by the university 's location in Washington , D.C.   Foreign Policy , in its 2015 rankings of top international affairs programs , ranked the school 's master 's and undergraduate programs as 8th - and 9th-best in the world , respectively . SIS is also consistently ranked in conjunction with American University 's School of Public Affairs as a leading program in the country by U.S. News & World Report 's college and university rankings . SIS is also a full member of The Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs .

neg: Environmental social science Environmental social science is the broad , transdisciplinary study of interrelations between humans and the natural environment . Environmental social scientists work within and between the fields of anthropology , communication studies , economics , geography , history , political science , psychology , and sociology ; and also in the interdisciplinary fields of environmental studies , human ecology and political ecology , among others .

neg: Faculty of Political Science and International Relations, Matej Bel University The Faculty of Political Science and International Relations at Matej Bel University ( FPVaMV-UMB ) , ( Slovakian : Fakulta politických vied a medzinárodných vzťahov Univerzity Mateja Bela v Banskej Bystrici ) is a public policy and international relations teaching and research institution . It offers bachelor 's degrees in political science and international relations , master 's degrees in European studies , international relations and political science and also grants several doctoral degrees and conducts research in subjects relating to politics , government and international affairs .   Along with its Slovak taught programs the faculty also offers French dual degree programs in co-operation with the Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University , and English taught Master 's and PhD . programs .   The faculty is widely recognized as one of the leading international relations institutes . The Academic Ranking and Rating Agency ranked the faculty 's international affairs and diplomacy program first in nation , and among top in Central Europe .   Since 2009 the faculty headquarters the National Center of Excellence for International Security Studies funded through the RD Program of the EU .

neg: Parallel Polis The political-social concept Parallel Polis was created by Czech political thinker and dissident Vaclav Benda in connection with movement Charter 77 . In addition to other philosophers , Benda sought a theoretical grasp of the social events in the circles of dissents . The so-called alternative culture or underground was described in the text Parallel Polis in 1978 for the first time . As a political scientist , Benda noticed the emergence of a new social structure which was born in artistic and intellectual circles as a tool to escape the totalitarian communist regime . He detected the following basic pillars of this new `` field '' :   1 . Constant monitoring and verification of the extent of civic rights and freedoms which the State has a tendency to restrict . Parallel Polis consists of people who actively advocate for , and protect their rights .   2 . Parallel `` alternative '' culture / underground culture is independent and are various spheres of art which are operated and developed without permission and support from the public authorities .   3 . Parallel education and science , which represent the realization of the right of free education and the development of scientific research ( residential seminars , various educational societies , academies etc. . )   4 . Parallel informational system as an expression of the right of free dissemination of information ( samizdat publishing , unofficial magazines , collections etc. . )   5 . Parallel economy : `` political power considers this the area as a critical resource for arbitrary control of citizens and strictly regulates it at the same time '' . Economy of dissence was based on reciprocity and trust in the individual person . It was a natural germ of a reputational principle and the search for the exchange resources that are not dependent on control of centralized monetary tools .   6 . Creation of the parallel political structures and promoting their development . The alternative political structures have to be incubated in the environment of the Parallel Polis and develop into such a functional form that they will be able to replace the ruling authoritarian regime .   7 . Parallel foreign policy has to be an instrument of the parallel society for the stabilization and the grounding of the movement in the international context and the search for potential financial and mental resources .   These patterns of the parallel structure are not a closed set , on the contrary , they should occur more on all fronts of the resistance against the authoritarian State . The aim of the Parallel Polis , according to Vaclav Havel , Ivan Martin Jirous , Milan Šimečky and other dissents , who discussed the concept , -LSB- 2 -RSB- should be a so-called independent society . A society that is not oppressed by laws and the decisions of the representatives of the public authorities . A society that is based on its own values . Values which are not forced upon by the central authorities .  You could even say , that `` Parallel Polis '' today does not represent a `` dissident world '' but the world of persuasions and private interests of the society as a whole . On one hand , `` Parallel Polis '' gives to the totalitarian authorities what it wants , but at the same time does everything it wants and has nothing in common with the authorities .   After the revolution in 1989 , nobody paid too much attention to this concept , because it was ahead of its time , but nowadays the concept is relevant , because of the increased activities in the field of civil rights & the way the authoritarian state has been suppressed .   The seminal idea received great attention in the dissident community in Czechoslovakia and in western political circles . It was , however , never put into practice . With the arrival of the Velvet Revolution in 1990 , the idea seemed irrelevant .   It has since been revived by a group of scholars who originally met at the University of Washington but who now work at other academic institutions . Their thinking posits that Benda 's idea is now being practiced on the Internet which more easily facilitates parallel institutions . Since 2014 , a physical space inspired by the idea and named after it exists in Prague 's Holešovice district .

neg: International Studies Association The International Studies Association ( ISA ) is a professional association for scholars , practitioners and graduate students in the field of international studies . Founded in 1959 , ISA now has over 7,000 members in 110 countries and is the most respected and widely known scholarly association in this field . Endeavoring to create communities of scholars dedicated to international studies , ISA is divided into 6 geographic subdivisions ( Regions ) , 29 thematic groups ( Sections ) and 4 Caucuses which provide opportunities to exchange ideas and research with local colleagues and within specific subject areas . ISA publishes leading journals in the field of international studies and the annual convention routinely draws over 6,500 attendees .   ISA publishes six academic journals ( International Studies Quarterly , International Studies Review , International Studies Perspectives , Foreign Policy Analysis , International Political Sociology , Journal of Global Security Studies , co-sponsors a seventh ( International Interactions ) , publishes a comprehensive compendium of international studies and maintains a variety of online resources for the international academic community .   It is a US association with headquarters in Storrs , Connecticut .

neg: Ecological humanities The ecological humanities ( also environmental humanities ) is an interdisciplinary area of research , drawing on the many environmental sub-disciplines that have emerged in the humanities over the past several decades ( in particular environmental literature , environmental philosophy , environmental history and environmental anthropology ) . The ecological humanities aim to help bridge traditional divides between the sciences and the humanities , and between Western , Eastern and Indigenous ways of knowing the natural world and the place of humans in it ( Rose 2004 ) .   The ecological humanities are characterised by a connectivity ontology and a commitment to two fundamental axioms relating to the need to submit to ecological laws and to see humanity as part of a larger living system .

neg: United States Strategic Communication According to the author Christopher Paul ( RAND ) , Strategic Communication is the `` coordinated actions , messages , images , and other forms of signaling or engagement intended to inform , influence , or persuade selected audiences in support of national objectives . '' There is often debate and discussion concerning what makes strategic communication . Regarding definition , psychological operations , public or civil affairs , information operations and public diplomacy are seemingly the least contested components of U.S. strategic communication . With those components , the most important factor that separates strategic communication from other types of communication is the synchronization and coordination of U.S. efforts . For example , in the National Strategy for Public Diplomacy and Strategic Communication , all strategic communication efforts activities should :   underscore our commitment to freedom , human rights and the dignity and equality of every human being ;  reach out to those who share our ideals ;  support those who struggle for freedom and democracy ; and  counter those who espouse ideologies of hate and oppression   Strategic communication can be a major tool against adversaries that threaten values supported by the United States . U.S. strategic communication promotes democratization and good governance . It proved vital in winning the Cold War . In the 21st Century , it is critical in countering the radical ideologies of the Islamic Republic of Iran , the Muslim Brotherhood , al - Qaeda and other extremist organizations .


query: Underworld's main character is a supernatural creature.

pos: Underworld (2003 film) Underworld is a 2003 action horror film directed by Len Wiseman and written by Danny McBride , based on a story by McBride , Kevin Grevioux , and Wiseman . The film centers on the secret history of vampires and lycans ( an abbreviated form of lycanthrope , which means werewolf ) . It is the first installment in the Underworld franchise . The main plot revolves around Selene ( Kate Beckinsale ) , a vampire Death Dealer hunting Lycans . She finds herself attracted to a human , Michael Corvin ( Scott Speedman ) , who is being targeted by the Lycans . After Michael is bitten by a Lycan , Selene must decide whether to do her duty and kill him or go against her clan and save him . Alongside Beckinsale and Speedman , the film stars Michael Sheen , Shane Brolly , and Bill Nighy .   An international co-production between companies from the United Kingdom , Germany , Hungary , and the United States , the film was released on September 19 , 2003 . Upon its release , the film received generally negative reviews from critics , but a smaller number of reviewers praised elements such as the film 's stylish Gothic visuals , the `` icy English composure '' in Kate Beckinsale 's performance , and the extensively worked-out vampire -- werewolf mythology that serves as the film 's backstory . A surprise hit , the film grossed $ 95 million against a production budget of $ 22 million . The film was followed by Underworld : Evolution , released three years later , and by three other films .

neg: Dīs Pater Dīs Pater -LSB- diːs ˈpa.tɛr -RSB- was a Roman god of the underworld , later subsumed by Pluto or Hades ( Hades was Greek ) . Originally a chthonic god of riches , fertile agricultural land , and underground mineral wealth , he was later commonly equated with the Roman deities Pluto and Orcus , becoming an underworld deity .   Dīs Pater was commonly shortened to simply Dīs . This name has since become an alternative name for the underworld or a part of the underworld , such as the City of Dis of The Divine Comedy .   It is often thought that Dīs Pater was also a Celtic god . This confusion arises from the second-hand citation of one of Julius Caesar 's comments in his Commentaries on the Gallic Wars VI :18 , where he says that the Gauls all claimed descent from Dīs Pater . However , Caesar 's remark is a clear example of interpretatio Romana : what Caesar meant was that the Gauls all claimed descent from a Gaulish god that reminded him of the Roman Dīs Pater , that is , a chthonic deity associated with prosperity and fertility . Different possible candidates exist for this role in Celtic religion , such as Gaulish Sucellus , Irish Donn and Welsh Beli Mawr , among others .

neg: Fallen angel A fallen angel is a wicked or rebellious angel that has been cast out of heaven . The term `` fallen angel '' does not appear in the Bible , but it is used of angels who sinned ( such as those referred to in , `` For if God did not spare angels when they sinned , but cast them into hell and committed them to chains of gloomy darkness to be kept until the judgment ... '' ) , of angels cast down to the earth in the War in Heaven , of Satan , demons , or of certain Watchers . The term has become popular in fictional literature regarding angels .   Mention of angels who descended to Mount Hermon ( not `` fell '' to Earth ) is found in the Book of Enoch , which the Ethiopian Orthodox Church and Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church accept as canonical , as well as in various pseudepigrapha .

neg: Mormolykeia In Greek mythology , the Mormolykeia ( English translation : `` terrible wolves '' ) were female underworld Daemons , attendants of the goddess Hecate . They were identified with mormos , female vampire-like creatures .

neg: Moirai In Greek mythology , the Moirai or Moerae -LSB- ˈmɪrˌiː -RSB- or -LSB- ˈmiːˌriː -RSB- ( Μοῖραι , `` apportioners '' ) , often known in English as the Fates ( Fatae ) , were the white-robed incarnations of destiny ; their Roman equivalent was the Parcae ( euphemistically the `` sparing ones '' ) . Their number became fixed at three : Clotho ( spinner ) , Lachesis ( allotter ) and Atropos ( unturnable ) .   They controlled the mother thread of life of every mortal from birth to death . They were independent , at the helm of necessity , directed fate , and watched that the fate assigned to every being by eternal laws might take its course without obstruction . The gods and men had to submit to them , although Zeus 's relationship with them is a matter of debate : some sources say he is the only one who can command them ( the Zeus Moiragetes ) , yet others suggest he was also bound to the Moirai 's dictates .  In the Homeric poems Moira or Aisa , is related with the limit and end of life , and Zeus appears as the guider of destiny . In the Theogony of Hesiod , the three Moirai are personified , daughters of Nyx and are acting over the gods . Later they are daughters of Zeus and Themis , who was the embodiment of divine order and law . In Plato 's Republic the Three Fates are daughters of Ananke ( necessity ) .   It seems that Moira is related with Tekmor ( proof , ordinance ) and with Ananke ( destiny , necessity ) , who were primeval goddesses in mythical cosmogonies . The ancient Greek writers might call this power Moira or Ananke , and even the gods could not alter what was ordained .  The concept of a universal principle of natural order has been compared to similar concepts in other cultures like the Vedic Rta , the Avestan Asha ( Arta ) and the Egyptian Maat .   In earliest Greek philosophy , the cosmogony of Anaximander is based on these mythical beliefs . The goddess Dike ( justice , divine retribution ) , keeps the order and sets a limit to any actions .

neg: Ulysses Bloodstone Ulysses Bloodstone is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . He is an immortal monster-hunter .

neg: Lobster Johnson Lobster Johnson ( also known as the Lobster ) is a fictional character featured in the Hellboy and Bureau For Paranormal Research and Defense comic books published by Dark Horse Comics . He was created by Mike Mignola .   Within the Hellboy universe , the Lobster was a vigilante who worked in secret in New York City during the 1930s . Although the public believes that the Lobster was only the hero of pulp serials and comics , he was a real man who faced gangsters as well as paranormal threats . The Lobster had a reputation for violence , such as killing mobsters and burning his trademark lobster claw symbol into their foreheads with the palm of his gloved hand . This behavior was similar to the Marvel UK comic book character Night Raven , and the pulp magazine hero The Spider .

neg: Ludwig the Bloodsucker Ludwig the Bloodsucker was an American mythical figure and possible urban legend in New York City during the mid-to late 19th century . A longtime Bowery character , he was described as having vampire-like qualities . He was a `` squat , swarthy German , with an enormous head crowned with a shock of bristly black hair . Huge bunches of hair grew out of his ears , and his unusual appearance was accentuated by another tuft which sprouted by the end of his nose '' and supposedly had `` hair growing out of every orifice '' . Ludwig was said to have preyed upon drunken customers of barroom brawls near Bismark Hall and the House of Commons and is claimed to have `` quaffed human blood as if it were wine '' .

neg: Troll A troll is a class of being in Norse mythology and Scandinavian folklore . In Old Norse sources , beings described as trolls dwell in isolated rocks , mountains , or caves , live together in small family units , and are rarely helpful to human beings .   Later , in Scandinavian folklore , trolls became beings in their own right , where they live far from human habitation , are not Christianized , and are considered dangerous to human beings . Depending on the source , their appearance varies greatly ; trolls may be ugly and slow-witted , or look and behave exactly like human beings , with no particularly grotesque characteristic about them .   Trolls are sometimes associated with particular landmarks , which at times may be explained as formed from a troll exposed to sunlight . Trolls are depicted in a variety of media in modern popular culture .

neg: Underwater panther An underwater panther , called Mishipeshu or Mishibijiw in Ojibwe ( -LSB- mɪʃɪbɪʑɪw -RSB- ) , is one of the most important of several mythological water beings among many indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands and Great Lakes region , particularly among the Anishinaabe .   Mishipeshu translates into `` the Great Lynx '' . It has the head and paws of a giant cat but is covered in scales and has dagger-like spikes running along its back and tail . Mishipeshu calls Michipicoten Island in Lake Superior his home and is a powerful creature in the mythological traditions of some Native American tribes , particularly Anishinaabe tribes , the Odawa , Ojibwe , and Potawatomi , of the Great Lakes region of Canada and the United States . In addition to the Anishinaabeg , Innu also have Mishibizhiw stories .   To the Algonquins , the underwater panther was the most powerful underworld being . The Ojibwe traditionally held them to be masters of all water creatures , including snakes . Some versions of the Nanabozho creation legend refers to whole communities of water lynx .   Some archaeologists believe that underwater panthers were major components of the Southeastern Ceremonial Complex of the Mississippian culture in the prehistoric American Southeast .

neg: Supernatural (season 2) The second season of Supernatural , an American fantasy horror television series created by Eric Kripke , premiered on September 28 , 2006 , and concluded on May 17 , 2007 , airing 22 episodes . The season focuses on protagonists Sam ( Jared Padalecki ) and Dean Winchester ( Jensen Ackles ) as they track down Azazel , the demon responsible for the deaths of their mother Mary and father John . They attempt to discover the demon 's plan for Sam and other psychic children -- young adults who were visited by Azazel as infants and given abilities , and whose mothers often then died in a fire . During their travels , they use their father 's journal to help them carry on the family business -- saving people and hunting supernatural creatures .   The season aired on Thursdays at 9:00 pm ET in the United States , and was the first season to air on The CW television network , a joint venture of The WB and UPN . The previous season was broadcast on The WB . It averaged only about 3.14 million American viewers , and was in danger of not being renewed . The cast and crew garnered many award nominations , but the episodes received mixed reviews from critics . While both the brotherly chemistry between the lead actors and the decision to finish the main storyline were praised , the formulaic structure of the episodes was criticized .   The season was internationally syndicated , airing in the United Kingdom on ITV , in Canada on Citytv and SPACE , and in Australia on Network Ten . It was released on DVD as a six-disc box set September 11 , 2007 , by Warner Home Video in Region 1 . Although the season was split into two separate releases in Region 2 , the complete set was released October 29 , 2007 , and in Region 4 October 3 , 2007 . The episodes are also available through digital retailers such as Apple 's iTunes Store , Microsoft 's Xbox Live Marketplace , and Amazon.com 's on-demand TV service .

neg: Urizen In the complex mythology of William Blake , Urizen -LSB- ˈjʊrᵻzən -RSB- is the embodiment of conventional reason and law . He is usually depicted as a bearded old man ; he sometimes bears architect 's tools , to create and constrain the universe ; or nets , with which he ensnares people in webs of law and conventional society . Originally , Urizen represented one half of a two-part system , with him representing reason and Los , his opposition , representing imagination . In Blake 's reworking of his mythical system , Urizen is one of the four Zoas that result from the division of the primordial man , Albion , and he continues to represent reason . He has an Emanation , or paired female equivalent , Ahania , who stands for Pleasure . In Blake 's myth , Urizen is joined by many daughters with three representing aspects of the body . He is also joined by many sons , with four representing the four elements . These sons join in rebellion against their father but are later united in the Last Judgment . In many of Blake 's books , Urizen is seen with four books that represent the various laws that he places upon humanity .

neg: Celestial (Dungeons & Dragons) In the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game , celestials are a class of creatures and monsters known as outsiders who are of wholly good alignment .   In the context of the Dungeons & Dragons games they represent forces of armed justice , and include iconic `` good '' creatures from history and myth , such as angels , who seek out and destroy evil .   All celestials hail from the Upper Planes .   There are four published types of celestial : Aasimon ( or devas or angels ) , Archons , Eladrins , and Guardinals , each with varying `` good '' outlooks and motivations . The celestials are led by celestial paragons , unique creatures presented in Dungeons and Dragons lore as polar opposites of the demon princes and archdevils .

neg: Paranormal Entity Paranormal Entity is a 2009 American supernatural horror film written , directed by and starring Shane Van Dyke and produced by The Asylum in 2009 . It is one of many films dubbed as a `` mockbuster '' , a movie designed to capitalize on the success of a more popular film . Paranormal Entity is a copycat of the successful low-budget horror film Paranormal Activity . The film was followed by indirect sequels 8213 : Gacy House ( also known as Paranormal Entity 2 ) in 2010 , Anneliese : The Exorcist Tapes ( also known as Paranormal Entity 3 ) in 2011 , and 100 Ghost Street : The Return of Richard Speck ( also known as Paranormal Entity 4 ) in 2012 .

neg: Deliria Deliria : Faerie Tales for a New Millennium is an `` interactive urban fantasy setting '' created by Phil Brucato . The title refers to an altered state of awareness in which several levels of reality can be perceived at once , to both good and ill effect .   The core concept behind Deliria is one of `` ordinary people in an extraordinary world . '' Inspired by classical fairy tales and urban fantasy , the setting presents a multicultural world in which magic is always present but often invisible . To `` twilight people '' who encounter the magical realm , the world becomes a frightening yet wonderful place . Meanwhile , the immortal faeries , or aelderfolk , regard mortal humanity with a mixture of awe and terror . The accelerating pace of human imagination reverberates through both worlds , bringing changes that many aelders fear . Within the tensions of this setting , ordinary people become heroes - or villains - in their own new fairy tales .   Inspired by authors like Charles de Lint , Erik Davis and Francesca Lia Block , films like Edward ScissorHands and Practical Magic , world music and ethereal wave music , and TV shows like Buffy the Vampire Slayer , Deliria 's setting emphasizes `` normal people '' over superheroes . As a role-playing game , it features a flexible rules system , collaborative storytelling , and a character-crafting process based on telling stories about the character . Deliria has also been noted for its vivid digital art , evocative short stories , and emphasis of `` courage rather than carnage . ''

neg: Underworld (Vamps album) Underworld is the fourth album by Vamps , released on 28 April 2017 . The production took place in Henderson , Nevada by producer Kane Churko .

neg: Diablo Diablo -LSB- diˈaβlo -RSB- is a Spanish word meaning `` Devil '' .   Diablo may also refer to :

neg: Shapeshifting In mythology , folklore and speculative fiction , shapeshifting ( or metamorphosis ) is the ability of a being or creature to completely transform its physical form or shape . This is usually achieved through an inherent ability of a mythological creature , divine intervention , or the use of magic .   The idea of shapeshifting is present in the oldest forms of totemism and shamanism , as well as the oldest extant literature and epic poems , including works such as the Epic of Gilgamesh and the Iliad , where the shapeshifting is usually induced by the act of a deity . The idea persisted through the Middle Ages , where the agency causing shapeshifting is usually a sorcerer or witch , and into the modern period . It remains a common trope in modern fantasy , children 's literature , and works of popular culture .   The most common form of shapeshifting myths is that of therianthropy , which is the transformation of a human being into an animal or conversely , of an animal into human form . Legends allow for transformations into plants and objects , and the assumption of another human countenance ( e.g. fair to ugly ) .

neg: Sympathy for the Devil (Supernatural) `` Sympathy for the Devil '' is the first episode of the fifth season of paranormal drama television series Supernatural and the 83rd overall . The episode was written by showrunner and series creator Eric Kripke and directed by executive producer Robert Singer . It was first broadcast on September 10 , 2009 on The CW . In the episode , Sam and Dean watch the aftermath of Lucifer being freed from the Cage while the Angels plan a new strategy to stop the Apocalypse .

neg: Ghost Rider Ghost Rider is the name of several fictional supernatural antiheroes appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Marvel had previously used the name for a Western character whose name was later changed to Phantom Rider .   The first supernatural Ghost Rider is stunt motorcyclist Johnny Blaze , who , in order to save the life of his father , agreed to give his soul to `` Satan '' ( later revealed to be an arch-demon named Mephisto ) . At night and when around evil , Blaze finds his flesh consumed by hellfire , causing his head to become a flaming skull . He rides a fiery motorcycle and wields blasts of hellfire from his body , usually from his skeletal hands . He eventually learns he has been bonded with the demon Zarathos . Blaze starred in the series from 1972 to 1983 . The subsequent Ghost Rider series ( 1990 -- 1998 ) featured Danny Ketch as a new Ghost Rider . After his sister was injured by ninja gangsters , Ketch came in contact with a motorcycle that had somehow been mystically enchanted to contain the essence of a Spirit of Vengeance . Blaze reappeared in this 1990s series as a supporting character , and it was later revealed that Danny and his sister were Johnny Blaze 's long lost siblings . In 2000s comics , Blaze again became the Ghost Rider , succeeding Ketch . In 2013 , Robbie Reyes became Ghost Rider as part of the Marvel NOW ! initiative .   Nicolas Cage starred as the Johnny Blaze iteration of the character in the 2007 film Ghost Rider and the sequel Ghost Rider : Spirit of Vengeance in 2012 . Gabriel Luna plays the Robbie Reyes version in the television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.

neg: List of Soul Eater chapters Soul Eater is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Atsushi Okubo . The series follows the adventures of three students at a school called the Death Weapon Meister Academy ( or DWMA for short ) , known as meisters , who use demon weapon companions with human and weapon forms . These meisters , Maka Albarn , Black Star , and Death the Kid , seek to turn their weapons , Soul Eater , Tsubaki , and the Thompson sisters respectively , into `` death scythes '' for Lord Death , the Grim Reaper and head of the DWMA , by having their weapons consume the souls of 99 evil humans and one witch .   The manga initially began as three separate one-shots serialized between June 24 , 2003 and November 26 , 2003 in two manga magazines published by Square Enix . The first one-shot was published in the summer 2003 special edition of Gangan Powered , the second following in the autumn 2003 special edition of the same magazine , and the third serialized in Gangan Wing . The manga started regular serialization in Square Enix 's Monthly Shōnen Gangan magazine on May 12 , 2004 . The first tankōbon was released by Square Enix under their Gangan Comics imprint on June 22 , 2004 in Japan ; as of December 12 , 2013 , 25 volumes have been released .   The series is published in English by Yen Press , and is serialized in Yen Press ' Yen Plus manga anthology magazine . The first issue of Yen Plus was released on July 29 , 2008 . An anime adaptation of the manga , produced by Bones and Aniplex , aired on TV Tokyo between April 7 , 2008 and March 30 , 2009 and contained 51 episodes .