query: Aneurin Barnard's birth date is a date other than May 8th.

pos: Aneurin Barnard Aneurin Barnard ( born 8 May 1987 ) is a Welsh stage and screen actor . He is best known for his roles as Davey in Hunky Dory , Claude in The Truth About Emanuel , Robert `` Bobby '' Willis Jr. in Cilla and King Richard III in The White Queen .

neg: Amsterdam Concert Amsterdam Concert is a rare live Miles Davis recording from 1957 . This album , one of the least-known recordings of Miles Davis , was recorded at the Concertgebouw in Amsterdam on December 8 , 1957 , a couple of days after the recording of the movie soundtrack Ascenseur pour l'échafaud . On this concert , Miles did not play with his regular quintet , but with the same line-up he used for the recording of Ascenseur pour l'échafaud . It features Barney Wilen on tenor saxophone , René Urtreger on piano , Pierre Michelot on bass and Kenny Clarke on drums .

neg: L'Affaire Dumont L'Affaire Dumont is a Canadian drama film , released in 2012 . Written by Danielle Dansereau and directed by Daniel `` Podz '' Grou , the film stars Marc-André Grondin as Michel Dumont , a divorced young father of two who is accused of a sexual assault he did not commit . The film 's cast also includes Geneviève Brouillette , Patrick Hivon and Marilyn Castonguay .   The film garnered seven Canadian Screen Awards nominations at the 1st Canadian Screen Awards , including Best Picture , Best Actor in a Leading Role ( Grondin ) , Best Actress in a Leading Role ( Castonguay ) , Best Art Direction and Production Design ( André Guimond ) , Best Editing ( Valérie Héroux ) , Best Sound Editing ( Pierre-Jules Audet , Michelle Cloutier , Thierry Bourgault D'Amico , Nathalie Fleurant and Cédrick Marin ) and Best Make-Up ( Marlène Rouleau and André Duval ) .

neg: Notre-Dame, une fin d'après-midi Notre-Dame , une fin d'après-midi ( `` A Glimpse of Notre-Dame in the Late Afternoon '' ) is a painting by Henri Matisse from 1902 . Its somber coloration is typical of Matisse 's works executed between the end of 1901 and the end of 1903 , a period of personal difficulties for the artist . This episode has been called Matisse 's Dark Period .   Between 1896 and 1901 , Matisse 's painting had progressed from the subdued tones of his earliest works to an intense colorism that prefigured the Fauvism to come . In 1896 and 1897 he had traveled to Brittany , where the Australian painter John Peter Russell encouraged him to paint en plein air . Through Russell he met Camille Pissarro , whose influence was decisive in making a colorist of Matisse . In 1898 he traveled to London , where he studied the works of J. M. W. Turner ; then , after a year spent in Corsica and Toulouse , he returned to Paris , where the startling boldness of his work was admired by other young artists . His paintings found few buyers , however , and his wife , Amélie , had to open a dress shop to support their household .   In May 1902 a major financial scandal , the Humbert Affair , unexpectedly ensnared Amélie 's family . Her mother was the Humbert family 's housekeeper , and both she and her husband became scapegoats in the scandal . As a result , Matisse was forced to spend much of his time during the next year dealing with lawyers and journalists . His studio was searched by detectives , and his wife 's family was menaced by angry mobs of fraud victims . According to art historian Hilary Spurling , `` their public exposure , followed by the arrest of his father-in-law , left Matisse as the sole breadwinner for an extended family of seven . This is why he switched to painting canvases that were at least potentially saleable '' .   Inspired by Rodin and Barye , Matisse struggled to master volume in sculpture as well as in painting . He darkened his palette , with the results seen in the present work , and in such paintings as Carmelina ( 1903 , in the Museum of Fine Arts , Boston ) .   The medium is oil on paper mounted on canvas and it measures 72.5 × 54.5 cm ( 28 1/2 × 21 1/2 in ) . The painting is in the Albright -- Knox Art Gallery , Buffalo , New York .

neg: The Big Bang Theory (season 8) The eighth season of the American sitcom The Big Bang Theory first aired on CBS with a one-hour premiere on Monday , September 22 , 2014 . It returned to its previous Thursday time slot on October 30 for the season 's seventh episode . It concluded on May 7 , 2015 . On March 12 , 2014 , The Big Bang Theory was renewed for an additional three years , extending it through the 2016 -- 17 season for a total of ten seasons .   Mayim Bialik submitted the episode `` The Prom Equivalency '' for consideration due to her nomination for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series at the 67th Primetime Emmy Awards . Christine Baranski submitted the episode `` The Maternal Combustion '' for consideration due to her nomination for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series at the 67th Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards .

neg: Royal Welsh College of Music & Drama The Royal Welsh College of Music & Drama ( Welsh : Coleg Brenhinol Cerdd a Drama Cymru ) is a conservatoire located in Cardiff , Wales . Its alumni include Anthony Hopkins , Aneurin Barnard and Rob Brydon .

neg: Henry Barnard Early Childhood Center Henry Barnard Early Childhood Center is an early education school comprising grades Pre-K through 2 , and part of the City School District of New Rochelle , located in the Beechmont section of New Rochelle in Westchester County , New York . Within the school are several district programs including a four-year pre-k through grade 2 magnet program and the district 's Pre-School Speech Language Learning Center . Barnard 's Early Childhood Center ( EC2 ) has been recognized as a Sharing Success Program by the State of New York .   EC2 , a primary magnet program , offers a four-year sequence for youngsters from pre-kindergarten to second grade . It provides a project-based approach to learning adapted from the internationally recognized Reggio Emilia method of instruction with a strong emphasis on language development .

neg: Burger's Daughter Burger 's Daughter is a political and historical novel by the South African Nobel Prize in Literature-winner Nadine Gordimer , first published in the United Kingdom in June 1979 by Jonathan Cape . The book was expected to be banned in South Africa , and a month after publication in London the import and sale of the book in South Africa was prohibited by the Publications Control Board . Three months later , the Publications Appeal Board overturned the banning and the restrictions were lifted .   Burger 's Daughter details a group of white anti-apartheid activists in South Africa seeking to overthrow the South African government . It is set in the mid-1970s , and follows the life of Rosa , the title character , as she comes to terms with her father Lionel Burger 's legacy as an activist in the South African Communist Party ( SACP ) . The perspective shifts between Rosa 's internal monologue ( often directed towards her father or her lover Conrad ) , and the omniscient narrator . The novel is rooted in the history of the anti-apartheid struggle and references to actual events and people from that period , including Nelson Mandela and the 1976 Soweto uprising .   Gordimer herself was involved in South African struggle politics , and she knew many of the activists , including Bram Fischer , Mandela 's treason trial defence lawyer . She modelled the Burger family in the novel loosely on Fischer 's family , and described Burger 's Daughter as `` a coded homage '' to Fischer . While banned in South Africa , a copy of the book was smuggled into Mandela 's prison cell on Robben Island , and he reported that he `` thought well of it '' .   The novel was generally well-received by critics . A reviewer for The New York Times said that Burger 's Daughter is Gordimer 's `` most political and most moving novel '' , and a review in The New York Review of Books described the style of writing as `` elegant '' , `` fastidious '' and belonging to a `` cultivated upper class '' . A critic in The Hudson Review had mixed feelings about the book , saying that it `` gives scarcely any pleasure in the reading but which one is pleased to have read nonetheless '' . Burger 's Daughter won the Central News Agency Literary Award in 1980 .

neg: Brunoy Brunoy is a commune in the south-eastern suburbs of Paris , France . It is located 20.6 km from the center of Paris . The tenor Louis Nourrit ( 1780 -- 1831 ) died in Brunoy .   Inhabitants of Brunoy are known as Brunoyens .   The city has a church Saint-Medard , richly decorated in the Louis XVI style . Organ Festival takes place each year in November .   Brunoy is home to a branch of Yeshivas Tomchei Tmimim Lubavitch , which attracts hundreds of students from around the world , most notably from the United States of America and Israel .

neg: Anita Smits Adriana Gerarda Antonia Maria ( Anita ) Smits ( born May 22 , 1967 in Oirschot , North Brabant ) is a former archer from the Netherlands , who competed for her native country at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul , South Korea . There she finished in 43rd position , with 1203 points .

neg: Oliver Jones (pianist) Oliver Theophilus Jones , ( born September 11 , 1934 in Little Burgundy , Montreal , Quebec ) is a Canadian jazz pianist , organist , composer and arranger .

neg: Bergie Bergie is a term used for a subsection of homeless people in Cape Town , South Africa . The word originates from the Afrikaans berg meaning `` mountain '' -- the term originally referred to the homeless people who sheltered in the forests of the slopes of Table Mountain . The synonymous term stroller typically refers to street children living a bergie lifestyle .   They are vagrants and scavengers , sometimes begging , performing odd jobs or working as informal car guards for tips . Most of them are Cape Coloureds who speak Afrikaans mixed with a few English terms , and are known for their sense of humour , vulgar language and alcohol consumption .   Their lifestyle is portrayed in the 1987 novel The Strollers by Lesley Beake , the 1998 documentary film Pavement Aristocrats : The Bergies of Cape Town by François Verster , and the play Suip ! , a black comedy co-written and directed by Heinrich Reisenhofer .

neg: Artis Award The Artis Award is based on popular vote and is presented for achievements in French-Canadian ( Québécois ) television ; called in French the Prix Artis . Many notable Québécois performing artists have been honored with this award , like Rémy Girard ( 2006 ) .   The Artis Award is the successor of the MetroStar Award . The sponsorship of this award and its name were changed in 2006 .   From the current Artis Gala website :   '' ... This gala enables the public to honor its favorite artists from Québécois television . ''   ( '' ... ce gala permet au public de rendre hommage à ses artistes favoris de la télévision québécoise . '' )   At the first Gala Artis , held in Montreal on Sunday , April 30 , 2006 , Céline Dion performed `` Tout près du bonheur '' ( in French only ) with Marc Dupré .

neg: Heart block Heart block is a disease or inherited condition that causes a fault within the heart 's natural pacemaker due to some kind of obstruction ( or `` block '' ) in the electrical conduction system of the heart . Despite the severe-sounding name , heart block may often cause no symptoms at all in some cases , or occasional missed heartbeats in other cases ( which can cause lightheadedness , syncope ( fainting ) , and palpitations ) , or may require an artificial pacemaker to be implanted , depending upon exactly where in the heart conduction is being impaired and how significantly it is affected .   In severe cases where the heart 's ability to control and trigger heartbeats may be completely ineffective or unreliable , heart block can usually be treated by inserting an artificial pacemaker , a medical device that provides correct electrical impulses to trigger heart beats , compensating for the natural pacemaker 's unreliability . Therefore , heart block frequently has no effects , or mild and occasional effects , and is not life-threatening in the vast majority of cases , and is usually treatable in more serious cases .   The human heart uses electrical signals to maintain and initiate the regular heart beat in a living person ; incorrect conduction can lead to mild or serious symptoms depending upon the location of the blockage and how severely conduction is being blocked . Conduction is initiated by the sinoatrial node ( `` sinus node '' or `` SA node '' ) , and then travels to the atrioventricular node ( `` AV node '' ) which also contains a secondary `` pacemaker '' that acts as a backup for the SA nodes , then to the bundle of His and then via the bundle branches to the point of the apex of the fascicular branches ( shown in the diagram on the right ) . Blockages are therefore classified based on where the blockage occurs - namely the SA node ( `` Sinoatrial block '' ) , AV node ( `` AV block '' or AVB ) , and at or below the bundle of His ( `` Intra-Hisian '' or `` Infra-Hisian block '' respectively ) . Infra-Hisian blocks may occur at the left or right bundle branches ( `` bundle branch block '' ) or the fascicles of the left bundle branch ( `` fascicular block '' or `` Hemiblock '' ) . SA and AV node blocks are each divided into three degrees , with second degree blocks being divided into two types ( written either `` type I or II '' or `` type 1 or 2 '' ) . The term `` Wenckebach block '' is also used for second degree type 1 blocks of either the SA or AV node ; in addition second degree blocks type 1 and 2 are also sometimes known as `` Mobitz 1 '' and `` Mobitz 2 '' .   Clinically speaking , the blocks tend to have more serious potential the closer they are to the ` end ' of the electrical path ( the muscles of the heart regulated by the heartbeat ) , and less serious effects the closer they are to the ` start ' ( at the SA node ) , because the potential disruption becomes greater as more of the ` path ' is ` blocked ' from its ` end ' point . Therefore , most of the important heart blocks are AV nodal blocks and infra-Hisian blocks . SA blocks are usually of lesser clinical significance , since in the event of SA block , the AV node contains a secondary pacemaker which would still maintain a heart rate of around 40 - 60 beats per minute , sufficient for consciousness and much of daily life in the majority of individuals .

neg: Barend Coenraad Petrus Jansen B. C. P. Jansen ( 1 April 1884 , Zwolle -- 18 October 1962 ) was a Dutch chemist and biochemist . In the Dutch Indies , with his colleague W. F. Donath , he isolated in crystalline form an anti-beriberi factor ( known as vitamine B1 or aneurin ) from rice polishings and named it thiamine ( sulfur-containing amine ) . It was the first vitamine to be obtained in pure form .

neg: John Barnard (cricketer) John Barnard ( 6 July 1794 at Chislehurst , Kent ; died 17 November 1878 at Cambridge , England ) was an English amateur cricketer who played first-class cricket from 1815 to 1830 . Mainly associated with Kent and Marylebone Cricket Club ( MCC ) , he made 18 known appearances in first-class matches . He played for several predominantly amateur teams including the Gentlemen in the Gentlemen v Players series .   He was the brother of Henry W. Barnard . He is buried in the Mill Road cemetery , Cambridge .

neg: Mayflower School May flower School was founded in January 27 , 1956 by Dr. Tai Solarin , a Nigerian educator , humanist and civil rights pioneer , who was married to Sheila Mary Tuer , an English woman ; they had two children Corin and Tunde Solarin . The school is located on a vast piece of land in Ikenne , Ogun State , Nigeria . Named after the historical Mayflower ship that brought the first batch of pilgrims to the United States . Like the pilgrims , Solarin founded the school in personal rebellion against religious persecution .   Mayflower preaches a very strong educational philosophy grounded in self-reliance , self-sacrifice , public service and physical toughness . In Solarin 's words , the students must be `` rugged . '' Since the school was first established , in the boarding house , female students are forbidden from using any form of cosmetics . A rigorous , military-style living regimen requires that every student wake up at 5:00 am for a round of moderate physical exercise which involved running and in-field stretches . In his days , Dr. Solarin would often be the first to show up for these exercises . He urged his students to always `` lead by example . ''   The school 's motto is `` Knowledge is Light '' and it is noted for the outstanding quality of its graduates , many of whom are leaders in Nigeria and abroad .   Every student is taught the basics of rudimentary and mechanized farming as part of a well rounded , self-sustaining education .   The students wear a uniform styled after Tai Solarin 's trademark apparel -- simple khaki shorts and short-sleeve shirts . This applies to both male and female students . Graduates of the school are called `` Ex-Mays . ''   The school 's sound academic reputation has produced a long record of achievements , including the first female engineer in sub-Saharan Africa .   In 1962 a team of 13 American college and university students spent June and July at Mayflower under the sponsorship of Operation Crossroads Africa . The team worked with counterpart students from Wesley College , Ibadan , to construct a building that would serve as a library for the school . The team was led by the then College Chaplain of Alma College , Alma , Michigan . As a consequence of the Crossroads experience , a relationship was formed between Alma and Mayflower School . Between 1963 and 1988 , annually , an Alma College student spent the year as a teacher at Mayflower . In the course of the relationship several Mayflower students studied at , and graduated from , Alma College ; and Tai Solarin was awarded the college 's honorary degree . The Crossroads and Alma College connection is detailed in Dr. Solarin 's own history , Mayflower , The Story of a School , ( Lagos , Nigeria , John West Publications , 1970 ) .   Mayflower School , Ikenne : http://mayflowerschoolikenne.com  Ex-mays on the web : http://www.ex-mays.com/  Ex-mays on the web - MSN Group : http://groups.msn.com/MayflowerSchoolStudents/_whatsnew.msnw  Tai Solarin related links : http://www.infidels.org/library/modern/richard_carrier/Tai_Solarin.html  Ex-mays on the web : http://www.exmays.net  Alma College : http://www.alma.edu  Operation Crossroads Africa : http://operationcrossroadsafrica.org/   Category :1956 establishments in Nigeria  Category : Educational institutions established in 1956  Category : Secondary schools in Ogun State

neg: Auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder ( ANSD ) is a specific form of hearing loss defined by the presence of normal or near-normal Otoacoustic Emissions ( OAEs ) but the absence of normal Middle Ear Reflexes and severely abnormal or completely absent auditory brainstem response ( ABRs ) .   Individuals presenting with this recently recognised hearing loss appear to display sporadic windows of hearing and not . Very few ( 1 in 14 ) will go on to develop normal speech and language but with poor speech perception in background noise and in others , no speech perception and therefore language development is possible .   The condition was originally termed Auditory neuropathy ( AN ) and in 2001 as Auditory Neuropathy / Auditory Dys-synchrony ( AN/AD ) ( to include those cases where no true Neuropathy was apparent ) . In 2008 at a meeting convened at Lake Como in Italy ( Guidelines Development  Conference on the Identification and Management  of Infants with Auditory Neuropathy , International  Newborn Hearing Screening Conference , Como , Italy ,  June 19 -- 21 , 2008 ) , a group of leading authorities on the condition reached a consensus and renamed it as Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder .

neg: The Van Buren Boys `` The Van Buren Boys '' is the 148th episode of the sitcom Seinfeld , and name of a fictional New York street gang . Their sign is one hand with all the fingers and thumb ` up ' and spread out . The other hand has all but the thumb and pointer finger up , for a total of eight ( 8 ) . The gang is named for the 8th President of the United States , Martin Van Buren ( who was the first president from New York ) . This was the 14th episode for the 8th season . It aired on February 6 , 1997 .


query: Crystal Palace F.C. is a science club.

pos: Crystal Palace F.C. Crystal Palace Football Club is a professional football club based in South Norwood , London , that plays in the Premier League , the top tier of English football .   The club was founded in 1905 at the famous Crystal Palace Exhibition building by the owners of the FA Cup Final stadium which was situated inside its historic grounds . Palace played their home games at the Cup Final venue until 1915 when the First World War forced them to move out and play at Herne Hill Velodrome and The Nest . In 1924 , the club moved to their current home at Selhurst Park .   Palace have been FA Cup finalists twice , in 1990 and 2016 , losing to Manchester United on both occasions . Palace were one of the original founding members of the Premier League . The club enjoyed their best ever top flight season in 1990 -- 91 , when they challenged for the English league title , eventually finishing in third place in the top tier , their highest ever league position . Palace were denied a place in Europe at the end of that season due to the partial UEFA ban on English clubs following the Heysel Stadium disaster . The club have been second tier champions twice and hold the record for the most play-off wins for promotion to the top flight , winning the final four times . Palace were also winners of the Full Members Cup in 1991 when they beat Everton in the Wembley final .   In 1973 , the club changed its original nickname from `` The Glaziers '' to `` The Eagles '' and introduced the red and blue vertical stripes now associated with the club . The club had previously played in claret and blue colours . Palace have rivalries with Brighton & Hove Albion , with whom they contest the M23 derby , and fellow South London clubs Millwall and Charlton Athletic .

neg: 1895–96 FA Cup The 1895 -- 1896 FA Cup was the 25th season of the world 's oldest association football competition , the Football Association Challenge Cup ( more usually known as the FA Cup ) . The cup was won by The Wednesday , who defeated Wolverhampton Wanderers 2 -- 1 in the final of the competition , played at Crystal Palace in London . This was Wednesday 's first victory in the FA Cup .   Matches were scheduled to be played at the stadium of the team named first on the date specified for each round , which was always a Saturday . If scores were level after 90 minutes had been played , a replay would take place at the stadium of the second-named team later the same week . If the replayed match was drawn further replays would be held at neutral venues until a winner was determined . If scores were level after 90 minutes had been played in a replay , a 30-minute period of extra time would be played .

neg: Crystal (software) CRYSTAL is a quantum chemistry ab initio program , designed primarily for calculations on crystals ( 3 dimensions ) , slabs ( 2 dimensions ) and polymers ( 1 dimension ) using translational symmetry , but it can also be used for single molecules . It is written by V.R. Saunders , R. Dovesi , C. Roetti , R. Orlando , C.M. Zicovich-Wilson , N.M. Harrison , K. Doll , B. Civalleri , I.J. Bush , Ph. D'Arco , and M. Llunell from Theoretical Chemistry Group at the University of Torino and the Computational Materials Science Group at the Daresbury Laboratory near Warrington in Cheshire , England . The current version is CRYSTAL14 , released in June 2014 . Earlier versions were CRYSTAL88 , CRYSTAL92 , CRYSTAL95 , CRYSTAL98 , CRYSTAL03 , CRYSTAL06 , and CRYSTAL09 .

neg: Sheffield Hallam University F.C. Sheffield Hallam University F.C. is an English association football club based in Sheffield , South Yorkshire .

neg: 2006–07 Crystal Palace F.C. season During the 2006 -- 07 English football season , Crystal Palace competed in the Football League Championship .

neg: 2005–06 Crystal Palace F.C. season During the 2005 -- 06 English football season , Crystal Palace F.C. competed in the Football League Championship , following relegation from the FA Premier League the previous season .

neg: List of Coventry City F.C. records and statistics Coventry City F.C. is an English professional association football club based in Coventry . The club was founded as Singers F.C. in 1883 and turned professional in 1893 , before joining the Football League in 1920 . In 1898 the club was renamed Coventry City . Coventry City currently play in the Football League One , the third tier of English football . They were relegated out of the top tier for the first time in 34 years in 2001 .   This list encompasses the major honours won by Coventry City and records set by the club , their managers and their players . The player records section includes details of the club 's leading goalscorers and those who have made most appearances in first-team competitions . It also records notable achievements by Coventry City players on the international stage , and the highest transfer fees paid and received by the club . The club 's attendance records , both at Ricoh Arena , their home since 2005 , and Highfield Road , their home from 1899 to 2005 , are also included in the list .

neg: Fellow of the Royal Society Fellowship of the Royal Society ( FRS , ForMemRS and HonFRS ) is an award and fellowship granted by the Royal Society of London to individuals the society judges to have made a `` substantial contribution to the improvement of natural knowledge , including mathematics , engineering science and medical science '' .   Fellowship of the Society , the oldest scientific academy in continuous existence , is a significant honour which has been awarded to many eminent scientists from history including Isaac Newton ( 1672 ) , Charles Darwin ( 1839 ) , Michael Faraday ( 1824 ) , Ernest Rutherford ( 1903 ) , Srinivasa Ramanujan ( 1919 ) , Albert Einstein ( 1921 ) , Winston Churchill ( 1941 ) , Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar ( 1944 ) , Dorothy Hodgkin ( 1947 ) , Alan Turing ( 1951 ) and Francis Crick ( 1959 ) . More recently , fellowship has been awarded to Stephen Hawking ( 1974 ) , Tim Hunt ( 1991 ) , Elizabeth Blackburn ( 1992 ) , Tim Berners-Lee ( 2001 ) , Venkatraman Ramakrishnan ( 2003 ) , Andre Geim ( 2007 ) , James Dyson ( 2015 ) , Ajay Kumar Sood ( 2015 ) and around 8000 others in total , including over 280 Nobel Laureates since 1900 . , there are around 1600 living Fellows , Foreign and Honorary Members .   Fellowship of the Royal Society has been described by The Guardian newspaper as `` the equivalent of a lifetime achievement Oscar '' with several institutions celebrating their announcement each year .

neg: AREA Science Park The Trieste AREA Science Park is composed of two neighbouring campus developments located near the exit from the motorway linking Venice to Austria and Slovenia . It covers 50 hectares , extendable to 150 , in the magnificent natural setting of the Kras Plateau .   Operational since 1982 , the AREA Science Park was founded with the initial aim of providing a link between the business community and the many high-level international scientific institutions in Trieste . It is now the most important multi-sector science park in Italy and one of the foremost in Europe .   The park has about 23,000 sq metres of laboratory space equipped with specialised apparatus , experimental and safety equipment , in addition to offices and service facilities ( Conference Centre , meeting rooms , teaching labs , cafeteria , etc. ) . An additional area of about 1,500 sq metres is currently available for new activities . The following services are also available : information and computers , legal , fiscal and accounting consultancy , engineering and plant technology , occupational health and safety , marketing and promotion , information and assistance on EU programmes .   There are incentives for small and medium-sized companies entering into research contracts with the AREA Science Park . They may be direct ( contributions to cover costs , in capital or towards interest payments ) or in other forms of support ( purchase of hired instruments , fellowships , assistance and consultancy services ) . `` Research laboratories whose aim is to promote industry in technologically advanced sectors with a substantial and highly-qualified workforce '' intending to establish themselves in the AREA Science Park may also have access to financing provided by Autonomous Region of Friuli Venezia Giulia .   Intensive training of school-leavers and graduates has so far led to jobs for over 100 young people in the research and productive structures within the Science Park or outside it . The fellowships awarded by the Consortium privilege training in the institutes , centres and companies of the Area itself . Under the programmes included in the European Commission Objective 2 , the Consortium supervises the training of graduates in the sector of innovation transfers to create solid bonds between the world of research and small and medium-sized companies .   The Science Park currently has 38 established units , divided into the following sectors :   highly specialised research and training centres ;  research and development and service centres of outside companies ;  new companies originating from the availability of specialised services , know-how and facilities encouraged by the Park ;  the special ELETTRA Laboratory project .

neg: Kismat Radio Kismat Radio is a radio station broadcasting from the Crystal Palace Transmitter in south-east London .

neg: Royal College of Science Union The Royal College of Science Union ( RCSU ) is a student union and science outreach organisation at Imperial College London which represents over 3,000 students in the university 's Faculty of Natural Sciences . It manages the student societies for the departments of Mathematics , Physics , Chemistry , Biochemistry , and Biology . The RCSU runs Science Challenge , a national science communication competition , and publishes the Broadsheet science magazine .

neg: 2007–08 Crystal Palace F.C. season The 2007 -- 08 season was Crystal Palace Football Club 's third consecutive season in The Championship . Manager Peter Taylor was sacked on 8 October 2007 and replaced by former Sheffield United manager Neil Warnock on 11 October 2007 .

neg: Everton F.C. Everton F.C. -LSB- ˈɛvərtən -RSB- is a football club in Liverpool , England , that currently competes in the Premier League , the top flight of English football . The club have competed in the top division for a record 114 seasons and won the League Championship nine times , and the FA Cup five times .   Formed in 1878 , Everton were founding members of The Football League in 1888 and won their first League Championship two seasons later . Following four League Championship and two FA Cup wins , Everton experienced a lull in the immediate post World War Two period , until a revival in the 1960s , which saw the club win two League Championships and an FA Cup . The mid-1980s represented their most recent period of sustained success , with two League Championships , an FA Cup , and the 1985 European Cup Winners ' Cup . The club 's most recent major trophy was the 1995 FA Cup .   The club 's supporters are known as Evertonians . Everton have a rivalry with neighbours Liverpool , and the two sides contest the Merseyside derby . The club have been based at Goodison Park in Walton , Liverpool , since 1892 , after moving from Anfield following a row over its rent . The club 's home colours are royal blue shirts with white shorts and socks .

neg: Blackburn Rovers F.C. Blackburn Rovers Football Club -LSB- ˈblækbɜrn_ˈroʊvərz -RSB- is a professional association football club based in Ewood , Blackburn in the county of Lancashire , England . It competes in League One following its relegation from the Championship at the conclusion of the 2016 -- 17 season .   The club was established in 1875 , becoming a founding member of The Football League in 1888 . It is one of only three clubs to have been both a founder member of the Football League and the Premier League ( the others being Aston Villa and Everton ) . In 1890 , Rovers moved to Ewood Park . Blackburn Rovers have been English champions three times , and have won six FA Cups and one Football League Cup . Blackburn are the only extant club to have won three consecutive FA Cups . The club has spent the majority of its existence in the top flight of English football ( 72 years ) .   In 1992 , Rovers gained promotion to the new Premier League a year after being taken over by local entrepreneur Jack Walker , who installed Kenny Dalglish as manager . In 1995 , Rovers became Premier League champions . In the 1998 -- 99 season , the club was relegated . It was promoted back to the Premier League two years later , in the 2000 -- 01 season . It has qualified for the UEFA Cup four times : once as League Cup winners , twice as the Premier League 's sixth-placed team and once via the Intertoto Cup . The 2011 -- 12 season marked the club 's 72nd , non-consecutive , year in the top flight . Rovers are currently one of only six clubs to have won the Premier League , along with Arsenal , Chelsea , Manchester United , Manchester City and Leicester City .   The club 's motto is `` Arte et Labore '' , `` By Skill and Hard Work '' in Latin .

neg: Exeter Science Park Exeter Science Park is a business park on the outskirts of the city Exeter in the United Kingdom for companies specialising in science and technology . It is a 26 ha site next to junction 29 of the M5 motorway . The park is linked to the University of Exeter Innovation Centre , which provides accommodation for knowledge-intensive business start-ups . Exeter University was stimulated to develop the park by the desire to turn ideas generated at the university into products and services that could be marketed .   The Exeter Science Park Centre was built by the construction firm Kier Group and cost # 8m to construct ; it was opened in June 2015 . It was commissioned by the Exeter Science Park Company , a partnership between Devon County Council , the University of Exeter , the Exeter City Council and the East Devon District Council . It is managed by Peninsula Innovations , a subsidiary of Exeter University which also runs the Innovation Centre . The first phase of the project is a three-storey building of 30000 ft2 which includes laboratories , offices and meeting rooms as well as public areas and a café . A further phase of 20000 ft2 is planned , and when fully developed , the science park will comprise a million square feet of accommodation and employ in the region of 3,000 people .   The Met Office is due to move into its new premises in late 2016 , installing a supercomputer which will be the largest high performance computer in Europe . Three further buildings on the site are planned to be delivered by 2018 , offering space for start-ups and small and medium-sized enterprises . Services commerce company Blur Group became the first commercial business to move to the park in November 2013 .   The Redhayes pedestrian and cycle bridge over the M5 was a landmark project which evolved from a study looking at Green Infrastructure ( GI ) in Exeter and East Devon . The bridge links Blackhorse Lane to Hollow Lane , beside the park . It was opened on 20 July 2011 by Transport Minister Norman Baker .  The bridge won a British Construction Industry Award in 2011 .

neg: Culture of the United Kingdom The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK 's history as a developed island country , a liberal democracy and a major power ; its predominantly Christian religious life ; and its composition of four countries -- England , Wales , Scotland and Northern Ireland -- each of which has distinct customs , cultures and symbolism . The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture , and Humanism , Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture .   British literature , music , cinema , art , theatre , comedy , media , television , philosophy , architecture and education are important aspects of British culture . The United Kingdom is also prominent in science and technology , producing world-leading scientists ( e.g. Isaac Newton and Charles Darwin ) and inventions . Sport is an important part of British culture ; numerous sports originated in the country , including football . The UK has been described as a `` cultural superpower '' , and London has been described as a world cultural capital .   The Industrial Revolution , which started in the UK , had a profound effect on the socio-economic and cultural conditions of the world . As a result of the British Empire , significant British influence can be observed in the language , law , culture and institutions of a geographically wide assortment of countries , including Australia , Canada , India , the Republic of Ireland , New Zealand , Nigeria , Pakistan , South Africa , the United States and English speaking Caribbean nations . These states are sometimes collectively known as the Anglosphere , and are among Britain 's closest allies . In turn the empire also influenced British culture , particularly British cuisine .   The cultures of England , Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland are diverse and have varying degrees of overlap and distinctiveness .

neg: Liverpool 9–0 Crystal Palace (1989) On 12 September 1989 , Liverpool faced Crystal Palace in a First Division fixture at Anfield , during the 1989 -- 90 season . Crystal Palace were newly promoted to the Division , while Liverpool had been narrowly pipped to the League title by Arsenal in the previous season . Liverpool won the match 9 -- 0 , recording their biggest ever top-flight win , and inflicting Palace 's heaviest ever defeat . Eight different players scored for Liverpool , the only time this has happened for the same club in English football history .

neg: Darlington F.C. Darlington Football Club is an English football club based in Darlington , County Durham . They are members of the and play at Blackwell Meadows .   The club was founded in 1883 , and played its matches at Feethams . The club originally played in regionally organised leagues , and were one of the founding members of the Northern League in 1889 . They were first admitted to the Football League when the Third Division North was formed in 1921 . They won the Third Division North title in 1925 , and their 15th place in the Second Division in 1926 remains their highest ever league finish . After their admission to the League , they spent most of their history in the bottom tier . They won the Third Division North Cup in 1934 , their first victory in nationally organised cup competition . They reached the last 16 of the FA Cup twice , and the quarter-final of the Football League Cup once , in 1968 . In the early 1990s they won successive titles , in the Conference National in 1990 and the Fourth Division in 1991 . In 2011 they won the FA Trophy , defeating Mansfield Town 1 -- 0 at Wembley Stadium .   Darlington moved to the all-seater , 25,000-capacity Darlington Arena in 2003 . The cost of the stadium was a major factor in driving the club into administration . In May 2012 , the club was bought out of a period of administration without entering into a Creditors Voluntary Agreement ( CVA ) . The Football Association ruled that it should be treated as a new club , which required a change of playing name . The name chosen was Darlington 1883 , and that team was placed in the Northern League Division One , the ninth tier of English football , for the 2012 -- 13 season . They won three promotions in four seasons before the FA approved their request to revert to their traditional name .   The club 's main rivals are Hartlepool United . The club 's traditional colours are black and white shirts , black shorts and black and white socks . The club 's crest depicts Locomotion No 1 , referring to the town 's railway history ; as well as a stylised Quaker hat , referring to the religious movement that had a historic influence on the town , and which was the source of the team 's nickname , the Quakers .

neg: Scunthorpe United F.C. Scunthorpe United Football Club is a professional association football club based in the town of Scunthorpe , North Lincolnshire , England . The team play in League One , the third tier of the English football league system .   The team is nicknamed The Iron , and has played in a home strip of claret and blue for most of its history . It plays its home games at Glanford Park , having moved from the Old Show Ground in 1988 . Grimsby Town , Hull City , Doncaster Rovers , Lincoln City and York City are its main rivals , although of these clubs only Doncaster Rovers currently play in the same division as Scunthorpe .   The club was formed in 1899 , turned professional in 1912 and joined the Football League in 1950 . It achieved promotion to Division Two in 1958 , where it stayed until 1964 , but has spent most of its time as a Football League club in the basement tier . The club has had more success recently , however : it was promoted from Football League Two in 2005 , and then spent three out of four seasons from 2007 in the Football League Championship . The Iron were relegated to Football League One in 2011 , having finished bottom of the Championship . The club then suffered a further blow , being relegated to Football League Two in 2013 , however it was fortunate enough to immediately bounce back , winning promotion back to the third tier at the end of the 2013 -- 14 season .   In recent years , the club has developed a reputation for developing promising young strikers , having sold Billy Sharp , Martin Paterson and Gary Hooper on for seven-figure sums . The club was also considered one of the most financially prudent in English football , being one of only three in the top four divisions to be debt-free . This status has recently changed after it was announced that a # 2 million loan from the outgoing chairman Steve Wharton was on the accounts to help the club maintain some sense of financial stability .   Scunthorpe United was also the first club in England to build a cantilever stand after their old East stand burnt down in 1959 , four years before Sheffield Wednesday constructed its cantilever stand at Hillsborough .

neg: History of Stoke City F.C. Stoke City Football Club was formed in 1863 as Stoke Ramblers Football Club by former pupils of the Charterhouse School whilst they were apprentices at the North Staffordshire Railway . The club dropped the Ramblers from their name in 1878 , and in 1888 they were founding members of the Football League . In 1925 , the club 's name was changed for the final time to Stoke City Football Club when Stoke-on-Trent was granted city status .   The club moved in 1997 to the Britannia Stadium , a 28,383 all-seater stadium ; having spent 119 years at the Victoria Ground . In the 2007 -- 08 season , Stoke won promotion from the Football League Championship , the second tier of English football , and as of 2008 -- 09 are playing in the top flight ( currently Premier League ) for the first time since the 1984 -- 85 season , when they were relegated with a total of 17 points , a record low unsurpassed for 21 years . Stoke 's only major trophy was the 1972 Football League Cup , won when they beat Chelsea 2 -- 1 in the final at Wembley Stadium before a crowd of 97,852 . The club have also won the Football League Trophy twice , in 1992 and 2000 . In terms of league achievement the closest Stoke have come to winning the title was in the 1946 -- 47 season where a final day defeat cost Stoke top spot .

neg: 1989 Football League Second Division play-off Final The 1989 Football League Second Division play-off Final was a football match contested by Blackburn Rovers and Crystal Palace over two legs ; the first at Ewood Park in Blackburn and the second at Selhurst Park in London . The matches were played to decide the third and final team to be promoted from the Football League Second Division to the Football League First Division for the 1989 -- 90 season .   Blackburn Rovers won the first leg 3 -- 1 . After 90 minutes of the return leg Crystal Palace were winning 2 -- 0 , this forced the game to go to extra time where a further goal from Palace meant they won 4 -- 3 on aggregate and were promoted to the top division of the English football league system after an eight-year absence . Blackburn remained in the Second Division for a tenth consecutive season .


query: Montreal is legally French-speaking.

pos: Montreal Montreal ( -LSB- audio = Montreal-English-pronunciation . ogaˌmʌntriːˈɒl -RSB- ) , officially Montréal ( -LSB- mɔ̃ʁeal -RSB- ) , is the most populous municipality in the Canadian province of Quebec and the 2nd-most populous in Canada , after Toronto . Originally called Ville-Marie , or `` City of Mary , '' it is believed to be named after Mount Royal , though there is some debate about this . The city has a distinct four-season continental climate , with warm-to-hot summers and cold , snowy winters .   In 2016 , Montreal had a population of 1,704,694 . Montreal 's metropolitan area had a population of 4,098,927 and a population of 1,958,257 in the urban agglomeration , with all of the municipalities on the Island of Montreal included . Legally a French-speaking city , 60.5 % of Montrealers speak French at home , 21.2 % speak English and 19.8 % speak neither . Montreal is one of the most bilingual cities in Quebec and Canada , with 56 % of the population able to speak both official languages . Montreal is the second-largest primarily French-speaking city in the world after Paris .   Historically the commercial capital of Canada , it was surpassed in population and economic strength by Toronto in the 1970s . It remains an important centre of commerce , aerospace , finance , pharmaceuticals , technology , design , education , culture , tourism , gaming , film and world affairs . Being the location of the headquarters of the International Civil Aviation Organization , Montreal is one of three North American cities home to organizations of the United Nations ( along with New York and Washington ) and also has the 2nd-highest number of consulates in the continent . Montreal was also named a UNESCO City of Design . In 2009 , Montreal was named North America 's leading host city for international association events , according to the 2009 preliminary rankings of the International Congress and Convention Association ( ICCA ) . According to the 2015 Global Liveability Ranking by the Economist Intelligence Unit , Montreal ranked 14th out of 140 cities .   In the 2017 edition of their Best Student Cities ranking , Quacquarelli Symonds ( QS ) ranked Montreal as the world 's best city to study abroad . Also , Montreal has 11 universities with 170,000 students enrolled . The Greater Montreal region has the highest number of university students per capita among all metropolitan areas in North America . It even ranks higher than Boston , the intellectual capital of the U.S.   Montreal has hosted multiple international conferences and events throughout its history , including the 1967 International and Universal Exposition and the 1976 Summer Olympic Games . It is the only Canadian city to have held the Summer Olympics . Currently , the city hosts the Canadian Grand Prix of Formula One , the Montreal International Jazz Festival and the Just for Laughs festival . In 2012 , Montreal was ranked as a Beta + world city .

neg: Old Quebec Old Québec ( Vieux-Québec ) is a historic neighbourhood of Quebec City , Quebec , Canada . Comprising the Upper Town ( Haute-Ville ) and Lower Town ( Basse-Ville ) , the area is a UNESCO World Heritage Site . Administratively , Old Quebec is part of the Vieux-Québec -- Cap-Blanc -- colline Parlementaire district in the borough of La Cité-Limoilou .   The area is commonly referred to as `` the Old City '' or `` Québec 's Old City '' in English . It is sometimes referred to as the Latin Quarter ( Quartier latin ) as well , although this title refers more to area around the Séminaire de Québec , the original site of Laval University .

neg: Acadians The Acadians ( Acadiens , -LSB- akadjɛ̃ -RSB- ) are the descendants of French colonists who settled in Acadia during the 17th and 18th centuries , some of whom are also Métis . The colony was located in what is now Eastern Canada 's Maritime provinces ( Nova Scotia , New Brunswick , and Prince Edward Island ) , as well as part of Quebec , and present-day Maine to the Kennebec River . Although today most of the Acadians and Québécois are French-speaking ( francophone ) Canadians , Acadia was a distinctly separate colony of New France . It was geographically and administratively separate from the French colony of Canada ( modern-day Quebec ) . As a result , the Acadians and Québécois developed two distinct histories and cultures . They also developed a slightly different French language . France has one official language and to accomplish this they have an administration in charge of the language . Since the Acadians were separated from this council , their French language evolved independently , and Acadians retain several elements of 17th-century French that have been lost in France . The settlers whose descendants became Acadians came from many areas in France , but especially regions such as Île-de-France , Normandy , Brittany , Poitou and Aquitaine . Acadian family names have come from many areas in France . For example , the Maillets are from Paris ; the LeBlancs of Normandy ; the surname Melanson is from Brittany , and those with the surnames Bastarache and Basque came from Aquitaine .   The Acadians lived for almost 80 years in Acadia , prior to the British Conquest of Acadia in 1710 . After the conquest , they refused to sign an unconditional oath for the next forty-five years . During the French and Indian War ( the North American theatre of the Seven Years ' War ) , British colonial officers suspected and later confirmed their allegiance after finding Acadians fighting alongside French troops after conquering Fort Beausejour . The British , together with New England legislators and militia , carried out the Great Expulsion of 1755 -- 1764 during and after the war years . They deported approximately 11,500 Acadians from the maritime region . Approximately one-third perished from disease and drowning . Although one historian compared this event to contemporary ethnic cleansing , other historians suggested that the event is comparable with other deportations in history .   Many Acadians migrated to present day Louisiana state ( known then as Spanish colonial Luisiana ) , where they developed what became known as Cajun culture . Others were transported to France . Some of those were settled secondarily to Louisiana by Henri Peyroux de la Coudreniere . Later on , many Acadians returned to the Maritime provinces of Canada , most specifically New Brunswick . Most who returned ended up in New Brunswick because they were barred by the British from resettling their lands and villages in the land that became Nova Scotia . Before the US Revolutionary War , the Crown settled New England Planters in former Acadian communities and farmland as well as , after the war , Loyalists ( including nearly 3,000 Black Loyalists , who were freed slaves ) . British policy was to assimilate Acadians with the local populations where they resettled .   Acadians speak a dialect of French called Acadian French . Many of those in the Moncton area speak Chiac and English . The Louisiana Cajun descendants speak a dialect of American English called Cajun English , with several also speaking Cajun French , a close relative of the original dialect from Canada influenced by Spanish and West African languages .

neg: R v Mercure R v Mercure was a ruling by the Supreme Court of Canada in 1988 , dealing with language rights in the province of Saskatchewan .   The appellant demanded the right to a statutory provision in Saskatchewan governing a speeding ticket be expressed in French as well as the right to have a trial conducted in French . English and French are both considered official languages in Canada .   Lower courts had denied him this right , so he sought appeal to the Supreme Court of Canada . However the appellant died before his Supreme Court appeal on the issue could be heard . The Court exercised its discretion to hear the appeal notwithstanding its mootness because the case not only raised an important legal issue but satisfied the other criteria for the hearing of a moot appeal , including the continued existence of a proper adversarial context .   The Supreme Court ruled that language rights enjoyed an almost constitutional status and could only be repealed by a ` clear legislative pronouncement ' . The Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan subsequently repealed official bilingualism .

neg: Montréal-Est, Quebec Montreal East ( in French : Montréal-Est ) , is an on-island suburb in southwestern Quebec , Canada on the island of Montreal , formerly part of the borough of Rivière-des-Prairies -- Pointe-aux-Trembles -- Montréal-Est . Montreal-Est has consistently been home to many large oil refineries since 1915 .

neg: History of Quebec Quebec has played a special role in French history ; the modern province occupies much of the land where French settlers founded the colony of Canada ( New France ) in the 17th and 18th centuries . The population is predominantly French-speaking and Roman Catholic , with a large Anglophone minority , augmented in recent years by immigrants from Asia . The political alienation of the Francophones from the Anglophones has been a persistent theme since the late 19th century . Tensions were especially high during the First World War . Historically , British merchants and financiers controlled the economy , and dominated Montreal . The Catholic Church , in close cooperation with the landowners , led a highly traditional social structure in rural and small town Quebec . Much of that changed during the Quiet Revolution of the 1980s . Quebec 's separatists , calling for an independent nation , gained strength , but were narrowly defeated in two referenda . Quebec imposed increasingly stringent laws favouring the French language ; many Anglophones left , as did many of the national and international corporations that had been based in Montreal .

neg: Franco-Newfoundlander Franco-Newfoundlanders , also known as Franco-Terreneuvians in English or Franco-Terreneuviens in French , are francophone and/or French Canadian residents of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador . The name Franco-Terreneuvian derives from Terre-Neuve , the French name of Newfoundland .   The Franco-Newfoundlander community is most prominently associated with the Port au Port area near Stephenville , in communities such as Trois-Cailloux , Cap-Saint-Georges , La Grand ` Terre , L'Anse-aux-Canards and Maisons-d'Hiver . This region is unique as the only area in the province that is officially designated by provincial law as a bilingual district . However , francophone communities are also present throughout the province , particularly in St. John 's , Labrador City and Happy Valley-Goose Bay .   Newfoundland and Labrador 's francophone community and its culture derive from a unique mix of influences and immigrants from Quebec , Acadia , St. Pierre and Miquelon , Brittany and the Basque Country , much of it predating Newfoundland 's admission as a Canadian province in 1949 . Some aspects of the community 's unique culture , however , have been lost or threatened as the community became more closely integrated into the mainstream of French Canadian culture and society after 1949 .

neg: Canada–Latin America relations Canada -- Latin America relations are relations between Canada and Latin America . This includes the bilateral ties between Canada and the individual Latin American states , plurilateral ties between Canada and any group of those states , or multilateral relations through groups like the Organization of American States ( OAS ) .   Canada and Latin America share ties of geography as part of the Western Hemisphere and history through the shared experience of European colonization . Culturally , Canada shares with the other American societies a mixture of European , indigenous American , and immigrant influences . Parts of Canada are majority-French speaking , and since French is a `` Latin '' language , Canada ( or more often Quebec ) is sometimes considered an honorary part of Latin America . However , Latin Americans may also group Canadians with United States citizens as norteamericanos or gringos . For both Canadians and Latin Americans the importance of relations with the United States may overshadow relations with each other . However Canada 's importance in the region has risen since joining the OAS in 1990 .

neg: Société des Acadiens v Association of Parents Société des Acadiens v Association of Parents is a Supreme Court of Canada decision on minority language rights under section 19 ( 2 ) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms . The majority of the Court held that in civil cases in the New Brunswick courts , the parties have the right to use either French or English in all submissions and pleadings . However , they do not have a right to have the matter heard by a judge who understands them in the language they choose to speak . It is sufficient if there is simultaneous translation . In addition to the majority decision , two other justices of the Court held that the parties did have the right to be heard and understood by the judge in the language of their choice , but on the facts of the case , that standard was met .

neg: French Civil Service The French Civil Service ( fonction publique française ) is the set of civil servants ( fonctionnaires ) working for the French government .   Not all employees of the state and public institutions or corporations are civil servants ; however , the media often incorrectly equate `` government employee '' or `` employee of a public corporation '' with fonctionnaire . For instance , most employees of RATP and SNCF ( road and rail transport authorities ) are not civil servants . The Civil Service is also sometimes incorrectly referred to as the administration , but , properly speaking , the administration is the compound of public administrations and public administrative establishments , not their employees .   About half of the civil servants are employed in the French public education system .   Most employment positions in the French civil service are open to citizens of the European Union . Others , especially in police and justice , are specifically reserved for nationals , while a minority are open regardless of citizenship .

neg: Saint-Hubert, Quebec Saint-Hubert ( -LSB- seɪntˈhjuːbərt -RSB- , -LSB- sɛ̃t ‿ ybɛʁ -RSB- , -LSB- sẽɪ̯̃t͡s ‿ ybaɛ̯ʁ -RSB- ) is a borough in the city of Longueuil , located in the Montérégie region of Quebec , Canada . It had been a separate city prior to January 1 , 2002 , when it along with several other neighbouring south shore municipalities were merged into Longueuil . According to the Quebec Statistics Institute , Saint-Hubert had 78,336 in 2006 . The area of the borough is 65.98 km ² . Longueuil 's city hall is now located in Saint-Hubert . Saint-Hubert is located about 14 kilometers ( almost 9 miles ) from downtown Montreal .   The borough has a wide array of commercial , industrial and agricultural enterprises . The aerospace industry is arguably the most important of these enterprises . Pratt & Whitney Canada designs and manufactures jet engines at a plant near Saint-Hubert Airport . The Canadian Space Agency has its head office in the borough . The École nationale d'aérotechnique , a school that teaches aeronautics is located in the borough and operated by Collège Édouard-Montpetit .

neg: Quartier des spectacles Quartier des Spectacles is an arts and entertainment district located in the eastern section of Downtown Montreal , designed as a centre for Montreal 's cultural events and festivals . The Quartier des spectacles is a member of the Global Cultural Districts Network .   With a total area of almost one square kilometre , the Quartier is bounded by City Councillors Street to the West , Berri Street to the East , Sherbrooke Street to the North and René Lévesque Boulevard to the South , encompassing all of the district known as Montreal 's Latin Quarter .   First proposed in 2002 , the area is intended to house 30 performance halls totalling almost 28,000 seats ( including the Place des Arts cultural complex ) , international festivals , art galleries and various cultural exhibition and broadcast facilities . The Quartier des spectacles hosts nearly 8,500 jobs linked to cultural activities , from education and creation to production , exhibition and broadcasting .   The area is now home to many of Montreal 's major festivals , including the Montreal International Jazz Festival , the Francofolies and the Just for Laughs comedy fest . Urban design features of the district include concert spaces , tiered green space and stonework , illuminated fountains , various forms of street lighting , mist machines , bike paths and illuminated walkways .   The central public space for the Quartier is the , a new urban square located on the `` Balmoral Block '' on Jeanne-Mance Street , facing Place des Arts . The latter has become a focal point for outdoor events . Features of the square include a water fountain with 235 in-ground jets , four light towers , two glass-encased restaurants , a grassy slope and granite walkways .

neg: Multilingualism in Luxembourg Multilingualism is a part of everyday life for the population of Luxembourg . Legally and socially , different sectors of Luxembourg use French , German , and Luxembourgish , which is a variety of Moselle Franconian with a large number of loanwords from French . Additionally , most citizens learn English and may study other languages as well . A substantial immigrant population has brought other tongues to the small state . However , the different languages are used in different social situations .

neg: List of Montreal Canadiens players This is a complete list of ice hockey players who have played for the Montreal Canadiens in the National Hockey League ( NHL ) . It includes players that have played at least one regular season or playoff game for the Montreal Canadiens since the team joined the NHL in 1917 . Founded in 1909 as one of the founding members of the National Hockey Association ( NHA ) , the Montreal Canadiens were also one of the founding members of the NHL . Since the formation of the NHL , 709 different players have played with the Canadiens   As of April 3 , 2008 , 71 goaltenders and 638 skaters ( forwards and defensemen ) have appeared in at least one regular-season and/or playoff game with the Montreal Canadiens since the formation of the league in the 1917 -- 18 NHL season . The 709 all-time members of the Canadiens are listed below , with statistics complete through the end of the 2013 -- 14 NHL season . This list does not include members of the Montreal Canadiens while the team was a member of the NHA from 1909 until 1917 .   The `` Seasons '' column lists the first year of the season of the player 's first game and the last year of the season of the player 's last game . For example , a player who played one game in the 2000 -- 01 season would be listed as playing with the team from 2000 -- 2001 , regardless of what calendar year the game occurred within .

neg: List of place names of French origin in the United States Several thousand place names in the United States have names of French origin , some a legacy of past French exploration and rule over much of the land and some in honor of French help during the American Revolution and the founding of the country ( see also : New France and French in the United States ) . Others were named after early Americans of French , especially Huguenot , ancestry ( Marion , Revere , Fremont , Lanier , Sevier , Macon , Decatur , etc. ) . Some places received their names as a consequence of French colonial settlement ( e.g. Baton Rouge , Detroit , New Orleans , Saint Louis ) . Nine state capitals are French words or of French origin ( Baton Rouge , Boise , Des Moines , Juneau , Montgomery , Montpelier , Pierre , Richmond , Saint Paul ) - not even counting Little Rock ( originally `` La Petite Roche '' ) or Cheyenne ( a French rendering of a Lakota word ) , compared to only two that are Spanish ( Sacramento and Santa Fe ) . Fifteen state names are either French words / origin ( Delaware , New Jersey , Louisiana , Maine , Oregon , Vermont ) or Native American words rendered by French speakers ( Arkansas , Illinois , Iowa , Kansas , Michigan , Mississippi , Mississippi , Ohio , Wisconsin ) , versus nine state names that are Spanish or Spanish rendered ( Montana , California , Colorado , Florida , Montana , Nevada , New Mexico , Texas , Utah ) .   The suffix '' - ville , '' from the French word for `` city '' is common for town and city names throughout the United States . Many originally French place names , possibly hundreds , in the Midwest and Upper West were replaced with directly translated English names once American settlers became locally dominant ( e.g. `` La Petite Roche '' became Little Rock ; `` Baie Verte '' became Green Bay ; `` Grandes Fourches '' became Grand Forks ) . In contrast , Spanish place names in the Southwest were generally not replaced by English names .

neg: Law French Law French is an archaic language originally based on Old Norman and Anglo-Norman , but increasingly influenced by Parisian French and , later , English . It was used in the law courts of England , beginning with the Norman Conquest by William the Conqueror . Its use continued for several centuries in the courts of England and Ireland . Although Law French as a narrative legal language is obsolete , many individual Law French terms continue to be used by lawyers and judges in common law jurisdictions ( see the section `` Survivals in modern legal terminology '' , below ) .

neg: Constitution of Quebec The constitution of Quebec comprises a set of legal rules which fall in either one of the follow categories :   The provisions of the Constitution Act , 1867 pertaining to the provinces of Canada in general and Quebec in particular ;  The organic laws relative to the distribution of powers of Quebec and the individual rights of persons . These are composed of some fifteen laws , the main ones being An Act respecting the National Assembly , the Executive Power Act , the Election Act , the Referendum Act , the Charter of human rights and freedoms , the Charter of the French language , etc. ;  Most of the constitutional conventions concerned with the Crown of Canada , the Executive and the Parliament ;  The common law rules on the royal prerogative exercised by the Lieutenant Governor of Quebec ;  The case law of the courts of Quebec and the federal courts of Canada ;   The Parliament of Quebec has the power to modify certain parts of Quebec 's provincial constitution , while certain other parts can only be modified by going through the process of amending the Constitution of Canada .

neg: Municipalities with language facilities -RSB-   There are 27 municipalities with language facilities in Belgium which must offer services to residents in Dutch , French or German , in addition to their official languages . All other municipalities -- with the exception of those in the Brussels region which is bilingual -- are unilingual and only offer services in their official languages , either Dutch or French .   Belgian law stipulates that :  12 municipalities in Flanders must offer services in French ; of these 12 , six ( located around Brussels ) are now believed to have become majority French-speaking .  Wallonia contains two language areas :  In the French-speaking part of Wallonia , four municipalities offer services in Dutch and another two offer services in German .  All municipalities in the German-speaking part of Wallonia ( annexed after WWI ) offer services in French .  In Brussels , Dutch and French are co-official .  At the federal level , Dutch , French and German are all official languages .

neg: Acadian French Acadian French ( français acadien ) is a dialect of Canadian French . It is spoken by the francophone population of the Canadian province of New Brunswick , by small minorities in areas in the Gaspé region of eastern Quebec , by small groups of francophones in Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island , in the Magdalen Islands in the Gulf of St. Lawrence .   In the United States , the dialect is spoken in the Saint John Valley of northern Aroostook County , Maine . Elsewhere in Maine , New England French is the predominant form of French spoken ( apart from standard French ) .

neg: French-Japanese French Japanese or Japanese French may refer to :  France-Japan relations ( c.f. `` a French-Japanese treaty '' )  French language education in Japan ( c.f. `` a French Japanese class '' )  Japanese language education in France  People with multiple citizenship of France and Japan  Eurasian ( mixed ancestry ) people of French and Japanese descent in any country

neg: Politics of France The politics of France take place with the framework of a semi-presidential system determined by the French Constitution of the French Fifth Republic . The nation declares itself to be an `` indivisible , secular , democratic , and social Republic '' . The constitution provides for a separation of powers and proclaims France 's `` attachment to the Rights of Man and the principles of national sovereignty as defined by the Declaration of 1789 . ''   The political system of France consists of an executive branch , a legislative branch , and a judicial branch . Executive power is exercised by the President of the Republic and the Government . The Government consists of the Prime Minister and ministers . The Prime Minister is appointed by the President , and is responsible to Parliament . The government , including the Prime Minister , can be revoked by the National Assembly , the lower house of Parliament , through a `` censure motion '' ; this ensures that the Prime Minister is always supported by a majority of the lower house ( which , on most topics , has prominence over the upper house ) .   Parliament comprises the National Assembly and the Senate . It passes statutes and votes on the budget ; it controls the action of the executive through formal questioning on the floor of the houses of Parliament and by establishing commissions of inquiry . The constitutionality of the statutes is checked by the Constitutional Council , members of which are appointed by the President of the Republic , the President of the National Assembly , and the President of the Senate . Former presidents of the Republic also are members of the Council .   The independent judiciary is based upon civil law system which evolved from the Napoleonic codes . It is divided into the judicial branch ( dealing with civil law and criminal law ) and the administrative branch ( dealing with appeals against executive decisions ) , each with their own independent supreme court of appeal : the Court of Cassation for the judicial courts and the Conseil d'Etat for the administrative courts . The French government includes various bodies that check abuses of power and independent agencies .   France is a unitary state . However , its administrative subdivisions -- regions , departments and communes -- have various legal functions , and the national government is prohibited from intruding into their normal operations .   France was a founding member of the European Coal and Steel Community , later the European Union . As such , France has transferred part of its sovereignty to European institutions , as provided by its constitution . The French government therefore has to abide by European treaties , directives and regulations .