query: Fergie has toured.

pos: Fergie (singer) Fergie Duhamel ( -LSB- ˈfɜːrɡi_dəˈmɛl -RSB- ) ( born Stacy Ann Ferguson ; March 27 , 1975 ) is an American singer , songwriter and actress . She was the female vocalist for the hip hop group The Black Eyed Peas from 2002 until 2017 , with whom she had achieved chart success worldwide . Her debut solo album The Dutchess ( 2006 ) was a major commercial success on the charts and spawned three Billboard Hot 100 number one singles ; `` London Bridge '' , `` Glamorous '' and `` Big Girls Do n't Cry '' .   Ferguson was a member of the children 's television series Kids Incorporated and the girl group Wild Orchid . In 2001 , she left the group and in the subsequent year began to team up with The Black Eyed Peas . With The Black Eyed Peas , she enjoyed a series of hits and albums before she released her solo debut album in September 2006 to success . The Black Eyed Peas enjoyed further success with the release of their third album with Ferguson , The E.N.D. ( 2009 ) ; they attained their first string of Billboard Hot 100 number one songs . She began touring in 2009/2010 with her group and she launched her debut fragrance , Outspoken , under Avon in May 2010 and has since released three more fragrances .   She continued success with The Black Eyed Peas and they released the album The Beginning ( 2010 ) , which featured three singles , including two number one songs . As Ferguson 's five solo singles and six singles with The Black Eyed Peas have reached two million downloads in the United States , Ferguson was the artist with the most two-million sellers by the beginning of 2011 .

neg: Revolution Radio Tour The Revolution Radio Tour is a concert tour by American punk rock band Green Day in support of the group 's twelfth studio album , Revolution Radio . The tour is currently set to have 112 dates in North America , Europe , Australia , and New Zealand from September 2016 through November 2017 .

neg: ASAP Ferg Darold D. Brown Ferguson , Jr. ( born October 20 , 1988 ) , better known by his stage name ASAP Ferg ( stylized as A$ AP Ferg ) , is an American rapper from New York City 's Harlem neighborhood . Aside from his solo career , he is a member of the hip hop collective A$ AP Mob , from which he adopted his moniker .   In January 2013 , Ferg signed a solo record deal with Polo Grounds and RCA , the same labels that helped launch A$ AP Worldwide , when Ferg 's A$ AP Mob cohorts A$ AP Rocky and the late A$ AP Yams , negotiated their own respective deal in 2011 . His debut album Trap Lord was released on August 20 , 2013 , and was met with generally positive reviews . On April 22 , 2016 , Ferg released his second studio album , Always Strive and Prosper .

neg: Anthem World Tour The Anthem World Tour is the twelfth headlining tour by American pop-rock band , Hanson and is in support of their sixth studio album , Anthem . The tour began on July 18 , 2013 in Buenos Aires and ended on August 17 , 2014 in Auckland . The tour was first announced on April 1 , 2013 , with North America and South America dates being released . The European tour dates were announced on June 10 , 2013 . The Australian and New Zealand tour dates were announced on April 1 , 2014 .

neg: List of awards and nominations received by Fergie Stacy Ann Ferguson , better known as Fergie , is an American singer , songwriter , rapper , fashion designer and actress . She has won a total of 68 ( career solo and Black eyed Peas ) awards .

neg: Happiness Tour The Happiness Tour is the first concert tour by British band Hurts in support of their debut album Happiness . At the end of February 2010 Hurts played four concerts in the UK and Germany , and in April and May they joined the NME Radar tour , then they resumed their recitals and played at the festivals in Europe and Asia , including a debut performance at the festival in Japan . Since October , a variety of solo artists and groups increasingly began to play as the opening acts at Hurts ' gigs , and by the end of 2010 Hurts themselves supported Scissor Sisters in their UK arena tour . In April 2011 , Hurts held their debut performance in the USA at the festival Coachella , and in May 2011 Hurts made an Asian tour , which was followed by a series of European summer festivals . 4 November 2011 was the final performance of a two-year Happiness Tour , in London Kylie Minogue joined the group to perform a duet of two songs . In 2012 , the band played at a few summer music festivals .

neg: FYO (EP) FYO ( an acronym for Fuck Your Opinion ) is the debut extended play ( EP ) by English rapper Avelino . It was produced in its entirety by Raf Riley , and released for free download through OddChild Music , on 7 April 2016 . The project was also released onto the iTunes Store on 11 April 2016 , accompanied by two bonus tracks . It spawned one single ; `` Welcome to the Future '' , which premiered on 31 March 2016 , a week before the rest of the project .   The project has received considerable support from BBC Radio 1 and 1Xtra ; `` Youniverse '' has been played by MistaJam , and the title track has been played by Annie Mac , DJ Target and Charlie Sloth . The project also topped Semtex 's Mixtape Top 5 chart , and `` Welcome to the Future '' and `` Rich Soul '' both received airplay on his 1Xtra show . Numerous songs from the project also received airplay on Manny Norte 's Capital XTRA show , and Mally 's Reprezent show . `` FYO '' was added to the Reprezent B-list playlist .   `` FYO '' was released as the project 's second single , with a video released to YouTube on 14 April 2016 . The track 's production was praised by Grant Brydon of RWD as being `` beautifully jarring '' , and by FACT as being `` ribcage-quakingly bassy '' . Avelino told FACT that the video was `` minimal -LSB- ... -RSB- in a sense of one location , one setting , one room '' , as this allows listeners to `` focus on what -LSB- he 's -RSB- really saying on the record . ''

neg: Be Here Now Tour The Be Here Now World Tour was a world concert tour by English rock band Oasis in support of their third album Be Here Now . The tour , which spanned the UK , Europe , the US , Canada , Japan , Australia , Asia , and Latin America , included 85 shows over a period of several months in 1997 and 1998 . The tour started on 14 June 1997 in support of U2 at the KROQ Weenie Roast in Irvine , California , United States , and ended on 25 March 1998 at the Sports Palace in Mexico City , Mexico . With most shows being played during the autumn and winter months , a majority of the concerts were staged at indoor arenas and halls , in contrast to the larger outdoor venues typically featured on Oasis ' summer tours .   Many performances were audio recorded by either broadcast media or concert attendees and have since been made available on various file-sharing outlets and fan web sites . A handful of performances were also carried by various television outlets throughout the world , including the 14 December concert at the G-Mex in Manchester , England .   Fueled partly by worldwide stardom and drug use , the tour and corresponding album became `` infamous '' for the amount of excess and spectacle they provided . Accordingly , they marked the end of the cocaine era for Noel Gallagher . He would later say about the craziness and wild year on tour : `` I kid you not , there was a sound guy who quit because there was too much ` food ' ... and I thought ` sure it 's not the fucking coke you 've been taking ' '' .   As the tour came to an end , the album 's reception had changed from rave and outstandingly positive to less-than satisfied and below average reviews with many critics restating that it was weak in comparison to the group 's first two records . They did , however , manage to maintain a large cult following in many countries such as Argentina , Brazil , Peru , Russia , Italy , Spain , South Korea and Japan where their public persona would strengthen even more over the subsequent decade .

neg: Florence and the Machine discography English indie rock band Florence and the Machine have released three studio albums , two live albums , six extended plays , 20 singles , two promotional singles and 23 music videos .   Florence and the Machine released their first extended play , A Lot of Love . A Lot of Blood , in March 2009 . Their debut studio album , Lungs , was released in July 2009 through Island Records , reaching number one on the UK Albums Chart in January 2010 . The album was subsequently certified quintuple platinum in the United Kingdom , quadruple platinum in Ireland and triple platinum in Australia . The album 's lead single `` Kiss with a Fist '' peaked at number 51 on the UK Singles Chart . This was succeeded by the single `` Dog Days Are Over '' , which reached number 23 in the UK and number 21 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States , and was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) . Third single `` Rabbit Heart ( Raise It Up ) '' reached number 12 in the UK and number 41 in Ireland . `` Drumming Song '' was released as the fourth single , charting at number 54 in the UK . `` You 've Got the Love '' , a cover of The Source 's song of the same name , peaked at number five in the UK and number nine in Australia . A performance at the 2010 BRIT Awards on 17 February 2010 saw the Dizzee Rascal-assisted mash-up `` You Got the Dirtee Love '' debut at number two in the UK . The album 's sixth and final single , `` Cosmic Love '' , peaked at number 51 in the UK and number three in Ireland .   The band 's second studio album , Ceremonials , was released in October 2011 , debuting atop the charts in the UK , Ireland , Australia and New Zealand . The album 's release was preceded by the promotional single `` What the Water Gave Me '' , which peaked at number 24 in the UK , number 13 in Ireland and number 15 in New Zealand . Lead single `` Shake It Out '' became the band 's fifth top-40 hit in the UK , peaking at number 12 upon release in September 2011 . The track also attained international chart success , reaching number 72 on the Billboard Hot 100 and becoming the band 's highest-peaking single in Ireland , where it reached number two . The album also saw the release of singles `` No Light , No Light '' and `` Never Let Me Go '' , which peaked at numbers 50 and 82 on the UK chart , respectively . Their next release `` Spectrum ( Say My Name ) '' peaked at number one in the UK , becoming their first UK number-one single .   In June 2015 , Florence and the Machine released their third studio album , How Big , How Blue , How Beautiful , which debuted at number one in eight countries including the UK and the US and reached the top 10 of 20 countries . The album had sold over a million copies worldwide by the end of 2015 and has been certified platinum in the UK , Australia and Poland , and gold in New Zealand . It was promoted by the singles `` What Kind of Man '' and `` Ship to Wreck '' , which both reached the top 40 in the UK , Ireland and New Zealand , as well as `` Queen of Peace '' and `` Delilah '' .

neg: Talk on Corners World Tour The Talk on Corners Tour is the second concert tour by Irish band , The Corrs . Beginning November 1997 , the tour supported the band 's second studio album , Talk on Corners . To date , it is their longest tour , with over 150 dates in Europe , Australasia , Asia and North America . The tour began with the band performing in theatres and nightclubs and progressed to arenas and amphitheaters ; along with a mix of music festival appearances .

neg: Warped Tour The Warped Tour is a traveling rock festival that has toured the United States ( including 3 or 4 stops in Canada ) annually each summer since 1995 . It is the largest traveling music festival in the United States , and is the longest-running touring music festival in North America . The first Warped Tour took place in 1995 , and the skateboard shoe manufacturer Vans became the main sponsor of the tour starting with the second tour in 1996 , when it became known as the Vans Warped Tour . Although Vans has continued to be the main sponsor and lend its name to the festival , other sponsors have also participated , with stages or other aspects of the festival sometimes being named after them .   Warped Tour was conceived in 1995 as an eclectic alternative rock festival , but in 1996 began focusing on punk rock music . Although it has continued to be known primarily as a punk rock festival , it has included acts of diverse genres over the years .

neg: My Humps `` My Humps '' is a song performed by American recording group The Black Eyed Peas . The song was written and produced by group member will.i.am for their fourth studio album Monkey Business ( 2005 ) . It was released as the band 's third single from the album on September 20 , 2005 , due in part to the strength of downloads preceding the release . Musically , `` My Humps '' is a hip hop and dance song that is structured as a duet between will.i.am and Fergie . The song sparked controversy because of its title and lyrics , which center on a woman who uses her breasts and buttocks to accomplish her goals .   Music critics responded negatively to the song , deeming it a repetitive and puerile form of `` sexual titillation '' . The song garnered comparisons to Kelis ' 2004 hit single `` Milkshake '' , a song that presents similar sexual themes and uses of milk as a metaphor . Despite the negative response from music critics , the song was a commercial success , reaching the top ten in fifteen countries worldwide . In the United States , it became The Black Eyed Peas second single to reach the top five on the Billboard Hot 100 and one of their best selling singles , selling more than two million downloads . The accompanying music video for `` My Humps '' was directed by Fatima Robinson and Malik Hassan Sayeed and won an MTV Video Music Award for Best Hip-Hop Video . `` My Humps '' has been covered and parodied by several entertainers , including Alanis Morissette and Jack Heath .

neg: Bitch We Have a Problem Tour Bitch We Have a Problem Tour was a concert tour in support of Korn 's eighth studio album . The tour featured 25 shows ( plus 1 offset show ) in North America and 33 shows in Europe for a combined total of 58 shows .   Hellyeah ( until October 23 ) , Droid , Five Finger Death Punch , and Flyleaf were the support acts for the North American leg of the tour . The tour began on September 27 , 2007 in Reno , Nevada and the first leg of the tour was completed on October 27 , 2007 in Seattle , Washington .   The support acts for the Australian part of the tour were Biohazard , Chimaira , Throwdown , and Bloodsimple .

neg: World Magnetic Tour World Magnetic Tour was a 2008 -- 2010 concert tour by American thrash metal band Metallica in support of the band 's ninth studio album , Death Magnetic '' , which was released on September 12 , 2008 .   The tour officially kicked off in October 2008 in Glendale , Arizona , United States , following three European promotional dates in September and two U.S. rehearsal shows . By September 2009 , the tour had reached North America , Europe , South America , Asia and Oceania .   The tour culminated with three dates in Melbourne , Australia in late November 2010 . The tour ended up being the most successful by Metallica , grossing roughly $ 217.2 million ( the 18th highest grossing tour of all time ) , with the top grossing location , Acer Arena in Sydney , Australia , taking more than $ 14 million over 4 shows .

neg: Volta Tour The Volta Tour was a tour by the singer Björk that focused on her album , Volta . Overall , 48 songs were done on the tour focusing on many tracks from Debut through to Vespertine , though mostly from Medúlla and Volta , the former of which did not receive its own tour . The tour band consisted of drummer Chris Corsano , musician Mark Bell ( who also accompanied Björk on the Homogenic tour ) , pianist Jónas Sen ( who played celeste on the tracks Gratitude and Cetacea on the Drawing Restraint 9 soundtrack ) , musician Damian Taylor and a 10 piece female Icelandic brass section . Many of the songs evolved considerably during the tour , including `` Innocence '' which was re-done so as to incorporate brass elements . Live performances of the track `` Declare Independence '' made heavy use of the ReacTable , an electro-acoustic music instrument with a tabletop Tangible User Interface , which is played by Damian Taylor . The Tenori-on was used heavily in performances of `` Who Is It '' . A live DVD and CD of the Volta tour was released as part of Voltaïc . The tour was Björk 's first in four years and saw her play countries that she had not played in over ten years .

neg: List of Top 25 singles for 2007 in Australia The following lists the top 25 singles of 2007 in Australia from the Australian Recording Industry Association ( ARIA ) End of Year Singles Chart .  `` Big Girls Do n't Cry '' by Fergie was the biggest song of the year , peaking at # 1 for nine weeks and staying in the top 50 for 32 weeks ; it also had the longest stay at # 1 .   * 5 weeks in 2007 , and 3 in 2008

neg: The Endless Summer Tour The Endless Summer Tour was the third headlining concert tour by American recording artist Lana Del Rey in support of her third studio album , Ultraviolence ( 2014 ) . The tour began on May 7 , 2015 in The Woodlands , Texas and concluded on June 16 , 2015 in West Palm Beach , Florida finishing with a total of twenty shows over the span of two months . The first seven shows of the tour were supported by fellow alternative rock singer Courtney Love , while the majority of the remaining tour dates were supported by synthpop singer and producer , Grimes . Most of the tour dates were sold out instantly .   Lana Del Rey performed songs from Born to Die , Paradise , and Ultraviolence , in addition to some previously unreleased songs , and covers .   At the end of 2015 , the tour placed at number 156 on Pollstar 's `` 2015 Year-End Top 200 North American Tours '' list , grossing $ 6 million from 16 shows .

neg: Rose's Pawn Shop Rose 's Pawn Shop is an Americana , rock , folk and bluegrass band from Los Angeles , California . Their debut album The Arsonist was released in May 2006 . The band tours several times each year throughout the United States but has recently put a hold on touring to record a new album coming 2013 .   On their new album Gravity Well , the fiercely independent young quintet known as Rose 's Pawn Shop deliver a rousing , honest set that demonstrates exactly why this multi-talented , multi-instrumental L.A.-based fivesome has quickly risen from humble D.I.Y. origins to national notoriety , winning a fiercely loyal fan base in the process .   The 12 new tunes that comprise Gravity Well -- produced by Ted Hutt , renowned for his work with the likes of the Dropkick Murphys , Gaslight Anthem and the Old Crow Medicine Show -- make it clear why Rose 's Pawn Shop has earned such a fervent following . The band 's catchy , anthemic songcraft channels the raw emotional power of America 's folk , country and bluegrass traditions and puts them through a modern filter , creating timelessly resonant music .   Frontman Paul Givant 's heartfelt , engaging songwriting surveys such time-honored subjects as heartache , loss , regret and redemption , echoing centuries of musical tradition while still sounding wholly contemporary . Despite the lyrics ' often-dark subject matter , the music is consistently uplifting , thanks to the musicians ' infectious instrumental interplay and soaring three - and four-part harmonies . The ensemble makes innovative use of banjo , fiddle , mandolin and upright bass , while maintaining an edgy swagger .   `` I think that this music exists on two different levels , '' notes singer , guitarist and main songwriter Givant , adding , `` The songs are passionate and emotional , and sometimes sad and heartbreaking . But at the same time , the energy of the music makes you want to get up and dance and release all of that pent-up energy . ''   Rose 's Pawn Shop 's musical and emotional depth is apparent on such lyrically and melodically compelling new tunes as `` What Were You Waiting For ? , '' `` Staring At the Door '' and `` On the Brink , '' which merge equal amounts of country twang and punk adrenaline . Meanwhile , gentler numbers like `` Go Get Gone , '' `` Stay All Night '' and the cinematic title track explore more introspective territory , and a memorable reading of the Dock Boggs standard `` Country Blues '' affirms the group 's instinctive understanding of its vintage influences .   Growing up in the 1990s , Paul Givant absorbed a wide array of music , yet he was drawn most deeply to traditional folk and bluegrass , and inspired by the music 's ability to illuminate the tragedies and triumphs of everyday life . The influence of those genres loomed large when Givant began writing songs himself .   Through various mutual friendships , chance meetings and some help from Craigslist , Givant eventually connected with kindred musical spirits John Kraus , Tim Weed , Stephen Andrews and Christian Hogan , whose musical expertise , instrumental versatility and organic rapport were ideally suited to Givant 's expansive musical vision .   `` The original intent , '' Givant explains , `` was to be kind of a bluegrass version of the Pogues , fusing bluegrass instrumentation and energy with rock and punk . That 's what our first album was like : gritty , high-energy and passionate , with a lot of instrumental virtuosity . But over time , we 've evolved to be more song-focused . I think we 've retained that original energy , but now we 're more focused on crafting our arrangements so the song can shine though . ''   The nascent combo got its name after Rose , Givant 's ex-girlfriend and former bandmate , stole the band 's equipment from their rehearsal space and scattered their gear amongst various pawn shops throughout North Hollywood . Fortunately , the musicians were able to recover their gear , and soon forged a formidable musical chemistry that manifested itself in their highly charged live shows , and on their 2010 release Dancing on the Gallows .   Rose 's Pawn Shop 's lineup solidified and began touring intensively in time to support Dancing on the Gallows , accumulating such landmarks as month-long residencies at New York 's Parkside Lounge and L.A. 's Redwood Bar , busking in New Orleans ' fabled Jackson Square , live radio sessions on such prestigious stations as KEXP in Seattle and WMBR in Boston , well-received appearances at various prestigious music festivals , and a slot opening for Jack White 's Raconteurs , at White 's invitation , at the Henry Fonda Theatre in Los Angeles .   Dancing on the Gallows spent several weeks on CMJ 's influential album chart , while receiving extensive national and international airplay on college , AAA , country and alternative radio formats . Meanwhile , the band 's diligent roadwork -- which has taken them across North America several times , along with visits to the U.K. and Ireland -- has allowed Rose 's Pawn Shop to continue winning fans and friends across the nation and around the world .   `` Our travels have had a big influence on our evolution , '' Givant states . `` Meeting other bands and meeting people from all over the world at our shows has had a big influence on our songwriting , and opened us up to new musical traditions . Seeing the world in general and being away from home for long periods of time has influenced many of our songs . It 's matured us , as people and as a band . ''   Rose 's Pawn Shop 's ongoing musical journey yields considerable musical rewards on Gravity Well , making it clear that the band 's creative horizons are unlimited .   `` We 've always been about the music and the songs , and the expression of the human experience through music , '' says Givant . `` But we 've matured as musicians over time , and I think that that 's been reflected in the music . We 've learned that we do n't all have to play crazy at all times , and we 've learned to pick our moments to shine and deliver the songs in the most clear , concise and passionate way possible . ''

neg: A Bailar Tour The A Bailar Tour was the first headlining concert tour by Argentine recording artist Lali in support of her debut studio album , A Bailar ( 2014 ) . The tour began in Buenos Aires , Argentina on April 19 , 2014 and concluded in Tel Aviv , Israel on April 25 , 2016 . The A Bailar Tour was the highest grossing tour of 2015 in Argentina .

neg: I Am... World Tour I Am ... World Tour ( sometimes referred to as the I Am ... Tour ) was the fourth concert tour by American recording artist Beyoncé . It was launched in support of her third studio album , I Am ... Sasha Fierce ( 2008 ) . The tour was announced in October 2008 and the first dates were revealed in December 2008 . It kicked off in late-March 2009 with five rehearsal shows in North America , officially commencing in late April 2009 . The tour visited the Americas , Europe , Asia , Africa , and Australia with 108 shows in total . Preparations for the shows began eight months prior to the beginning of the tour with twelve-hour rehearsals for two months . Knowles described the shows as her best and most theatrical from all of her tours . Pre-concert food drives were held during several stops of the I Am ... World Tour as part of a campaign by General Mills ' Hamburger Helper entitled , `` Show Your Helping Hand '' where fans were asked to bring food during the concerts .   The set list for the concerts included songs from Knowles ' three studio albums as well as several covers of other artists and a Destiny 's Child medley . The central theme of the tour was to showcase the difference between Knowles ' dual personality ; her emotional side and her onstage persona , Sasha Fierce which was also demonstrated in the dual album I Am ... Sasha Fierce . The show featured two stages -- the main one and a smaller B-stage where Knowles was transferred during the middle of the show . She was backed by an all-female band , female background dancers and a big LED screen . Thierry Mugler collaborated with Knowles on the costumes and had a creative advisor role further working on the choreography , lighting and production . Chris March made the costumes usable for stage and helped in their making . For the ballads , Knowles wore longer dresses while for the performances of the up-tempo songs , more make-up and more revealing outfits were worn . The fashion and Knowles ' look and figure received praise from critics .   I Am ... World Tour received critical acclaim from music critics who praised Knowles ' performance abilities calling her the best female performer and chose the performances of `` Ave Maria '' , `` Listen '' and `` At Last '' as highlights during the shows . A concert in Malaysia was cancelled by Knowles after several Muslim groups tried to ban it although she agreed to tone down her look according to the country 's standards . The tour was commercially successful grossing $ 86.0 million from 93 shows in total . Separate performances of several songs were broadcast on different channels and two concerts were released as live albums ; the live performance at the I Am ... Yours revue was released in a CD/DVD format in 2009 and footage of the tour was released on an eponymous titled live album in 2010 .

neg: On with the Show (concert tour) On with the Show was a world tour by the rock group Fleetwood Mac . The tour began in Minneapolis , Minnesota on September 30 , 2014 and concluded in Auckland , New Zealand on November 22 , 2015 . Tickets were available for pre-sale between March 31 to April 6 , before going on sale to the general public on April 7 , 2014 . At the end of 2014 , the tour placed 13th on Pollstar 's `` Top 100 Worldwide Tours '' , earning $ 74.1 million from 40 shows in North America . In 2015 's year-end report , the tour placed 6th with a gross of $ 125.1 million from 78 shows , bringing the total gross so far to $ 199.2 million .


query: Hot was by a actress.

pos: Mel B Melanie Janine Brown ( born 29 May 1975 ) , better known as Mel B or Melanie B , is an English singer , songwriter , presenter , television personality , dancer , actress , author , and model . Brown rose to fame as a member of the girl group the Spice Girls , in which she became known as Scary Spice . Brown is also known for supporting girl power and earlier global tours , which grossed an estimated $ 500 -- 800 million between 1996 and 2000 .   Brown began her solo career when she released `` I Want You Back '' with Missy Elliott on Virgin Records . The single charted at number one on the UK Singles Chart , followed by the release of her debut album , Hot ( 2000 ) . The album also saw the release of two top 10 singles `` Tell Me '' and `` Feels So Good '' . L.A. State of Mind was Brown 's second studio album , released in 2005 on the independent label Amber Café , which saw the release of one single , `` Today '' in June that year . In mid-2012 , Brown announced a return to her solo recording career with the release of her third studio album by signing with EMI Music Australia . The scope of the deal with EMI office includes concessions for global partnering with EMI . The first single from the album , `` For Once in My Life '' was released in September 2013 , becoming Brown 's first record to be released after eight years .   Since 2000 , Brown has concentrated on a variety of non-singing projects . She became the presenter of shows such as This Is My Moment , Top of the Pops , Party in the Park and The All Star Animal Awards . In September 2007 , she became a contestant on the fifth season of the American dance competition , Dancing with the Stars ; in which she placed runner-up overall partnered with Maksim Chmerkovskiy . Brown returned to television work becoming a judge for the Australian version of The X Factor from 2011 to 2012 , replacing Kyle Sandilands and having previously been a celebrity mentor on the show in 2010 . In June 2012 , she was a guest judge during the Manchester auditions for the ninth series of The X Factor UK , as one of the temporary replacements for Kelly Rowland ; before the role eventually went to Nicole Scherzinger . She later joined The X Factor UK for its eleventh series in 2014 .   During this time she became the female co-host for Dancing with the Stars Australia , in which she hosted the twelfth season alongside Daniel MacPherson . However , Brown resigned from the show and did not return for the thirteenth season in 2013 . In February that year , she officially signed on to become one of the four judges for the variety talent show America 's Got Talent , replacing Sharon Osbourne from the eighth season onwards . On 1 February 2014 , she was revealed to be a coach on The Voice Kids in Australia , which aired in mid-2014 .

pos: Hot (Mel B album) Hot is the debut album by British pop singer Melanie B , released on 9 October 2000 by Virgin . The album was not as successful as her albums with the Spice Girls or that of other members solo albums released around this time . It peaked at number twenty-eight in United Kingdom and sold over 60,000 copies , receiving a silver certification . The album had four singles : `` I Want You Back '' , featuring Missy Elliott , `` Tell Me '' , `` Feels So Good '' and `` Lullaby '' . The first three singles reached top 5 in United Kingdom . The single `` Word Up '' , previously released on the soundtrack of the film Austin Powers : The Spy Who Shagged Me , was included on the Japanese version . The album received mixed to negative reviews from critics .

neg: Hot Sugar (Tamar Braxton song) `` Hot Sugar '' is a song by American singer Tamar Braxton from her second studio album , Love and War ( 2013 ) . The song was released on October 17 , 2013 , as the fourth and final singe from the album . American producer Kyle `` K2 '' Stewart II wrote `` Hot Sugar '' in collaboration with Braxton and songwriters LaShawn Daniels and Mandakeba Riddick .   Critical response to `` Hot Sugar '' was mixed : some critics praised its sound while others negatively compared it to the album 's ballads .

neg: Playing It Cool Playing It Cool ( formerly known as A Many Splintered Thing ) is an American romantic comedy film directed by Justin Reardon and written by Chris Shafer and Paul Vicknair . The film stars Chris Evans , Michelle Monaghan , Anthony Mackie , Aubrey Plaza , Patrick Warburton , Ashley Tisdale , Ioan Gruffudd , and Topher Grace . The film was released on video on demand starting on March 31 , 2015 before a limited release on May 8 , 2015 by Vertical Entertainment .

neg: Shari Belafonte Shari Lynn Belafonte ( born September 22 , 1954 ) is an American actress , model , writer and singer . The raspy-voiced daughter of singer Harry Belafonte , she is known for her role as Julie Gilette on the 1980s television series Hotel and as a spokesperson for the diet supplement Slim-Fast during the 1990s .

neg: The Long Hot Summer (1985 film) The Long Hot Summer is a 1985 television film starring Don Johnson . It is a remake of the 1958 film of the same name .

neg: Hot in Cleveland Hot in Cleveland is an American sitcom on TV Land starring Valerie Bertinelli , Jane Leeves , Wendie Malick and Betty White .   The series , which was TV Land 's first original scripted series , premiered on June 16 , 2010 , and was TV Land 's highest rated telecast in the cable network 's 14-year history . The series was picked up for ten episodes . On May 1 , 2014 , TV Land renewed Hot in Cleveland for a sixth season and confirmed the following November it would be the show 's last . The series ran for 128 episodes , with the hour-long final episode airing on June 3 , 2015 .   The series was created by Suzanne Martin and is executive produced by Martin , Sean Hayes and Todd Milliner , through their production companies SamJen Productions and Hazy Mills Productions , and is produced in association with TV Land . The concept behind the show is based on an original idea by Lynda Obst , who serves as executive producer . The series was recorded in front of a live studio audience at CBS 's Studio Center in Studio City , California .

neg: Some Like It Hot (song) `` Some Like It Hot '' is a song recorded by The Power Station . It was the first single released from the group 's 1985 eponymous debut album . Released by Parlophone Records in 1985 , the song features heavy drum beats from Tony Thompson and vocals from Robert Palmer . It was the band 's biggest hit , peaking at number six on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart . The video featured the transgender model Caroline Cossey ( a.k.a. Tula ) . The song was featured in the 1985 movie National Lampoon 's European Vacation . It was also featured in `` It 's a Trap ! '' , the Family Guy parody of Return of the Jedi .

neg: Hot Stuff (1929 film) Hot Stuff is a 1929 American comedy film directed by Mervyn LeRoy and written by Robert S. Carr , Humphrey Pearson and Louis Stevens . It stars Alice White and features Louise Fazenda , William Bakewell , Doris Dawson , Ben Hall and Charles Sellon . The film was released by First National Pictures on May 5 , 1929 .

neg: Hot (American vocal group) Hot was a vocal trio based in Los Angeles , California , whose membership was Gwen Owens ( born June 19 , 1953 ) , Cathy Carson ( née Catherine Sue Fiebach ) ( October 8 , 1953 -- June 26 , 2014 ) and Juanita Curiel ( born February 25 , 1953 ) the group had a million-selling hit single in 1977 entitled `` Angel in Your Arms '' .

neg: He Ying Ying He Ying Ying ( born January 28 , 1995 ) , is a Singaporean actress . She was discovered through MediaCorp Channel 8 's reality television competition Hey Gorgeous.and came in Top 3 , among the many contestants in the competition .

neg: Hot Radio Hot Radio is a community radio station for Poole , and the surrounding areas offering music and local information . The station started life as `` The Bay 102.8 '' and was awarded a community radio licence by Ofcom in 2007 and began broadcasting at 12:00 am on 8 November 2008 . Community Radio stations in the UK are required to provide a social gain to the community they serve . Hot Radio is one of a growing number of such stations in the UK .   Based in Poole , Hot radio provides national news from Sky every hour & also provides regular traffic & travel , job information , what 's ons and other local information and interviews . The station plays a mix of music from the 80 's to today during normal daytime output . Hot radio also provides specialist programming evenings & weekends , including a speech based business programme , Jazz , 60 's , 70 's , soul , dance , country and a student show . The station has also provided outside broadcasts from the Bournemouth Air Festival every year .   At 7:00 am on 14 February 2012 `` The Bay 102.8 '' re-branded to `` Hot Radio 102.8 '' . The last song played on The Bay 102.8 was `` Never Can Say Goodbye '' by The Communards .   The first song on Hot Radio 102.8 was `` Some Like It Hot '' by The Power Station when Paul Stevens announced the new brand to listeners .   On 8 November 2013 , Hot Radio was awarded a 5-year extension by ofcom to continue providing community radio to Poole & the surrounding area .

neg: Harriet Thorpe Harriet Amelia Thorpe ( born 8 June 1957 ) is an English actress . She trained at London 's Central School of Speech and Drama . She is known for her roles in the British sitcoms , The Brittas Empire ( 1991 -- 97 ) and Absolutely Fabulous ( 1992 -- 2012 ) . She has also starred in the West End musicals , Cabaret ( 2006 ) , Wicked ( 2008 ) and Mamma Mia ! ( 2010 ) .

neg: Cool for the Summer `` Cool for the Summer '' is a song by American singer Demi Lovato . It serves as the lead single from her fifth studio album , Confident ( 2015 ) . The song was released on July 1 , 2015 , by Hollywood , and Island Records , and made its radio premiere on the same date via Republic Records . Lovato co-wrote `` Cool for the Summer '' with Alexander Erik Kronlund , Savan Kotecha , and the song 's producers Max Martin and Ali Payami . Musically , it has a rock styled edge over an electronic instrumental arrangement . The song has garnered attention for its bi-curious insinuations and sexually suggestive lyrics .   Critics praised `` Cool for the Summer '' for its production and bi-curious lyrical content . It was included on several year-end lists and received nominations for the MTV Video Music Awards and 2015 Teen Choice Awards in the `` Song Of The Summer '' category . The song received an award for being one of the most performed songs of 2015 at the ASCAP Pop Music Awards . Commercially `` Cool for the Summer '' had a positive reception . In United States the song debuted at number 36 on the Billboard Hot 100 dated July 18 , 2015 , selling 80,000 copies in its first charting week . It entered the Hot 100 's top 20 on the chart dated August 15 , 2015 , and peaked at number 11 , becoming Lovato 's third highest chart position . The song also reached number one on the Dance Club Songs chart . It was certified double-platinum by RIAA .   `` Cool for the Summer '' has also topped the charts in Greece and peaked within the top 10 in Belgium , the Czech Republic , Lebanon , Mexico , New Zealand , and the United Kingdom as well as the top 20 in Australia , Canada , Ireland , Slovakia , and Spain . Its music video was directed by Hannah Lux Davis and released on July 23 , 2015 . It received positive reviews from critics , who praised the singer 's sensuality and artistic growth . To promote the song , Lovato performed it at pool parties after its release . She also promoted the song on several TV programs such as The Voice , Sunrise , the 2015 MTV Video Music Awards , Jimmy Kimmel Live ! , and Saturday Night Live .

neg: Doran Clark Doran Clark ( born August 8 , 1954 ) is an American actress .

neg: Lorraine Hilton Lorraine Hilton is a British actress .   Her television credits include : Doctors , The Bill , Casualty , Holby City , Little Britain , Strange , My Hero and Jonathan Creek .   She also appeared in notable films such as Ladybird Ladybird , Jude , and most recently , Hot Fuzz . In the latter she appears as school headmaster Amanda Paver , and is involved in the film 's action-packed climax .

neg: Kimberlin Brown Kimberlin Ann Brown ( born June 29 , 1961 ) is an American actress , best known for her role as Sheila Carter in The Young and the Restless ( May 1990 to May 1992 , 1993 , 1994 , 1995 , August 2005 to January 2006 ) and The Bold and the Beautiful ( May 1992 to October 2 , 1998 , April 2002 to November 2002 , September 29 , 2003 to October 10 , 2003 ) .

neg: Taija Rae Taija Rae is the pseudonym of an American former pornographic actress and model who was one of the most popular pornographic actresses of the late-1980s . She is sometimes credited as Tanja Rae , Taja Rea , Taija Rea , or Taija Ray .

neg: Hot Stuff (Donna Summer song) `` Hot Stuff '' is a song by American singer Donna Summer from her seventh studio album Bad Girls ( 1979 ) , produced by Italian DJ Giorgio Moroder , and released as the lead single from Bad Girls on April 13 , 1979 , through Casablanca Records . Up to that point , Summer had mainly been associated with disco songs but this song also showed a significant rock direction , including a guitar solo by ex-Doobie Brother and Steely Dan guitarist Jeff `` Skunk '' Baxter . It is one of her most popular songs , based on the performance on the Billboard Hot 100 .

neg: Too Darn Hot `` Too Darn Hot '' is a song written by Cole Porter for his musical Kiss Me , Kate ( 1948 ) . In the stage version , it is sung at the start of Act 2 , and in the 1948 original Broadway production , it was sung by Lorenzo Fuller ( as Paul ) and Eddie Sledge and Fred Davis ( as the specialty dancers ) , leading the full company . In the 1953 MGM Hollywood film version , it is moved to a much earlier point , and it is sung by Ann Miller ( as Lois Lane , Fred 's new girlfriend , who is cast as Bianca ) . The song does not really contribute to the plot in either the stage or film versions ; in the stage version , the song represents the company of The Taming of the Shrew taking a break offstage during the intermission of their play ; in the film version it allows the audience to see Lois 's fun-loving , risk-taking nature , and gave Ann Miller a chance to show off her dancing skills , specifically tap . The line ` According to the Kinsey report ' ( in the original stage production ) was changed in the film version to ` According to the latest report ' . The song has also been covered by many artists .

neg: She Was Hot `` She Was Hot '' is a song by The Rolling Stones from their 1983 album Undercover .   Recording on `` She Was Hot '' first began in late 1982 . Written by Mick Jagger and Keith Richards , the song is a traditional rock 'n' roll number from the band . The song is notable as both original Rolling Stones pianist Ian Stewart and his replacement Chuck Leavell perform on the recording .   `` She Was Hot '' was released as the second single from the album in late January 1984 . The B-side to the single was an Emotional Rescue outtake , `` I Think I 'm Going Mad . '' The single did not perform well , reaching only number 44 on the U.S. Charts and number 42 on the U.K. Charts . A memorable video was produced for the song , featuring actress Anita Morris who semi-comically tempts each member of the band . The video version includes an extra verse . As with its predecessor , `` Undercover of the Night , '' `` She Was Hot '' was directed by Julien Temple , and was also edited for broadcast on MTV .   The Rolling Stones resurrected `` She Was Hot '' for the 2006 United States leg of their A Bigger Bang Tour . The song made its live debut on October 11 , 2006 in Chicago , and was a regular part of the band 's set list during the tour . The November 1 , 2006 performance of `` She Was Hot '' was captured for the 2008 concert film and live album Shine a Light .   The song was also covered and reworked by Cheap Trick .

neg: The Hot Heiress The Hot Heiress is a 1931 American Pre-Code comedy film directed by Clarence G. Badger and written by Herbert Fields . The film stars Ben Lyon , Ona Munson , Walter Pidgeon , Tom Dugan , Holmes Herbert and Inez Courtney . The film was released by Warner Bros. on March 28 , 1931 .


query: Wi-Fi is a computer.

pos: Wi-Fi Wi-Fi or WiFi is a technology for wireless local area networking with devices based on the IEEE 802.11 standards . Wi-Fi is a trademark of the Wi-Fi Alliance , which restricts the use of the term Wi-Fi Certified to products that successfully complete interoperability certification testing .   Devices that can use Wi-Fi technology include personal computers , video-game consoles , smartphones , digital cameras , tablet computers , digital audio players and modern printers . Wi-Fi compatible devices can connect to the Internet via a WLAN and a wireless access point . Such an access point ( or hotspot ) has a range of about 20 m indoors and a greater range outdoors . Hotspot coverage can be as small as a single room with walls that block radio waves , or as large as many square kilometres achieved by using multiple overlapping access points .   Wi-Fi most commonly uses the 2.4 GHz UHF and 5 GHz SHF ISM radio bands . Having no physical connections , it is more vulnerable to attack than wired connections , such as Ethernet .

neg: Wireless repeater A wireless repeater ( also called wireless range extender ) takes an existing signal from a wireless router or wireless access point and rebroadcasts it to create a second network . When two or more hosts have to be connected with one another over the IEEE 802.11 protocol and the distance is too long for a direct connection to be established , a wireless repeater is used to bridge the gap . It can be a specialized stand alone computer networking device . Also , some Wireless network interface controllers ( WNIC ) s optionally support operating in such a mode . Those outside of the primary network will be able to connect through the new `` repeated '' network . However , as far as the original router or access point is concerned , only the repeater MAC is connected , making it necessary to enable safety features on the wireless repeater . Wireless repeaters are commonly used to improve signal range and strength within homes and small offices .

neg: One to one computing (education) In the context of education , one-to-one computing ( sometimes abbreviated as `` 1:1 '' ) refers to academic institutions , such as schools or colleges , issuing each enrolled student an electronic device in order to access the Internet , digital course materials and digital textbooks . The concept has been actively explored and sporadically implemented since the late 1990s . One-to-one computing is frequently contrasted with a policy of `` bring your own device '' ( BYOD ) , which encourages or requires students to use their own laptops , smartphones or other electronic devices in class . One-to-one computing offers the benefits of equal access , standardization , easy upgrades , simple networking and the ability to monitor student progress and online behavior . For these reasons , one-to-one computing is a major part of education policy in many countries . These benefits also underlie the one-to-one model of One Laptop per Child ( OLPC ) , a charity that aims to issue electronic devices to millions of children in the developing world .   However , one-to-one requires substantial institutional investment . In addition to the initial cost of purchasing hundreds or thousands of electronic devices , there are very substantial ongoing costs to institutions , including implementation , training , software licensing , monitoring , security , upgrades and maintenance . Therefore , the overall cost -- benefit ratio of a one-to-one model is the subject of lively debate . Many students are likely to own and use one or more electronic devices in addition to the school-issued electronic device , raising the question of whether 1:1 is redundant or wasteful . Furthermore , the ultimate academic benefits of one-to-one , if any , are unclear . According to research published by Boston College , the educational value of 1:1 depends on the classroom teacher . Some schools have even phased out their one-to-one programs because there was no evidence of academic gains . Other studies have shown some progress in specific subjects , especially in writing scores , that are correlated with the use of school-issued laptops . The wide range of results for 1:1 programs means there is no consensus on their benefits or drawbacks . Because 1:1 computing programs may have many goals , from improving educational outcomes to increasing equality , and are associated with such a wide range of teaching methods , it is also difficult to judge their overall success or value .

neg: Input device In computing , an input device is a ( piece of computer hardware equipment ) used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system such as a computer or information appliance . Examples of input devices include keyboards , mouse , scanners , digital cameras and joysticks .   Many input devices can   modality of input ( e.g. mechanical motion , audio , visual , etc. . )  whether the input is discrete ( e.g. pressing of key ) or continuous ( e.g. a mouse 's position , though digitized into a discrete quantity , is fast enough to be considered continuous )  the number of degrees of freedom involved ( e.g. two-dimensional traditional mice , or three-dimensional navigators designed for CAD applications )   Pointing devices , which are input devices used to specify a position in space , can further be classified according to :   Whether the input is direct or indirect . With direct input , the input space coincides with the display space , i.e. pointing is done in the space where visual feedback or the pointer appears . Touchscreens and light pens involve direct input . Examples involving indirect input include the mouse and trackball .  Whether the positional information is absolute ( e.g. on a touch screen ) or relative ( e.g. with a mouse that can be lifted and repositioned )   Direct input is almost necessarily absolute , but indirect input may be either absolute or relative . For example , digitizing graphics tablets that do not have an embedded screen involve indirect input and sense absolute positions and are often run in an absolute input mode , but they may also be set up to simulate a relative input mode like that of a touchpad , where the stylus or puck can be lifted and repositioned .

neg: Trunked radio system A trunked radio system is two-way radio system that uses a control channel to automatically direct radio traffic . Two-way radio systems are either trunked or conventional , where conventional is manually directed by the radio user .   Trunking is a more automated and complex radio system , but provides the benefits of less user intervention to operate the radio and greater spectral efficiency with large numbers of users . Instead of assigning , for example , a radio channel to one particular organization at a time , users are instead assigned to a logical grouping , a `` talkgroup '' . When any user in that group wishes to converse with another user in the talkgroup , a vacant radio channel is found automatically by the system and the conversation takes place on that channel . Many unrelated conversations can occur on a channel , making use of the otherwise idle time between conversations . Each radio transceiver contains a microcomputer to control it . A control channel coordinates all the activity of the radios in the system . The control channel computer sends packets of data to enable one talkgroup to talk together , regardless of frequency .   The primary purpose of this type of system is efficiency ; many people can carry many conversations over only a few distinct frequencies . Trunking is used by many government entities to provide two-way communication for fire departments , police and other municipal services , who all share spectrum allocated to a city , county , or other entity .

neg: Wireless Session Protocol Wireless Session Protocol ( WSP ) is an open standard for maintaining high level session . Wireless session is nothing but a normal Web browsing session that starts when the user connects to one URL and ends when the user leaves that URL . By establishing the session means that the session wide properties need only to be defined once at the beginning of the session . This has the benefit of saving bandwidth due to the nature of the wireless communication . The session establishing process will not have lengthy hand shaking mechanisms .   WSP is based on HTTP 1.1 with few enhancements . WSP provides the upper-level application layer of WAP with a consistent interface for two session services . The first is a connection-oriented service that operates above a transaction layer protocol WTP and the  second is a connection less service that operates above a secure or non-secure datagram transport service . Therefore , WSP exists for two reasons . First , in the connection-mode it enhances the HTTP 1.1 's performance over wireless environment . Second , it provides a session layer so the whole WAP environment resembles ISO OSI Reference Model .

neg: Intercom An intercom ( intercommunication device ) , talkback or doorphone is a stand-alone voice communications system for use within a building or small collection of buildings , functioning independently of the public telephone network ( Azori 2016 ) . Intercoms are generally mounted permanently in buildings and vehicles . Intercoms can incorporate connections to public address loudspeaker systems , walkie talkies , telephones , and to other intercom systems . Some intercom systems incorporate control of devices such as signal lights and door latches .   There are simple house intercoms and intercoms developed for collective apartments . Some are equipped with video , and its wiring ( electrical installation ) , can be connected to the outside with few pairs ( 4-6 pairs ) while controlling an electric strike . The last generations are even compatible with computers and some models include TCP/IP .

neg: Teleprinter A teleprinter ( teletypewriter , Teletype or TTY ) is an electromechanical typewriter that can be used to send and receive typed messages from point to point and point-to-multipoint over various types of communications channels . They were adapted to provide a user interface to early mainframe computers and minicomputers , sending typed data to the computer and printing the response . Some models could also be used to create punched tape for data storage ( either from typed input or from data received from a remote source ) and to read back such tape for local printing or transmission .   Teleprinters could use a variety of different communication media . These included a simple pair of wires , dedicated non-switched telephone circuits ( leased lines ) , switched networks that operated similarly to the public telephone network ( telex ) , and radio and microwave links ( telex-on-radio or TOR ) . A teleprinter attached to a modem could also communicate through standard switched public telephone lines . This latter configuration was often used to connect teleprinters to remote computers , particularly in time-sharing environments .   Teleprinters have largely been replaced by fully electronic computer terminals which usually use a computer monitor instead of a printer ( though the term `` TTY '' is still occasionally used to refer to them , such as in Unix systems ) . Teleprinters are still widely used in the aviation industry ( AFTN and airline teletype system ) , and variations called Telecommunications Devices for the Deaf ( TDDs ) are used by the hearing impaired for typed communications over ordinary telephone lines .

neg: AT&T Computer Systems AT&T Computer Systems is the generic name for American Telephone & Telegraph 's unsuccessful attempt to compete in the computer business . In return for divesting the local Bell Operating Companies ( Baby Bells ) , AT&T was allowed to have an unregulated division to sell computer hardware and software .   Prior to the divestiture of the Bell System on January 1 , 1984 , the Bell Labs Processor Division had developed the 3B20D ( `` D '' for Duplex ) ; the commercial simplex version 3B20S , which competed with the DEC VAX for internal Bell System usage ; the world 's first 32-bit microprocessor , the BELLMAC 32A ; and , using this microprocessor , the 3B5 and 3B15 computers for billing and telecom switching control applications .

neg: Portable media player A portable media player ( PMP ) or digital audio player ( DAP ) is a portable consumer electronics device capable of storing and playing digital media such as audio , images , and video files . The data is typically stored on a CD , DVD , flash memory , microdrive , or hard drive . Most portable media players are equipped with a 3.5 mm headphone jack , which users can plug headphones into , or connect to a boombox or hifi system . In contrast , analog portable audio players play music from non-digital media that use analog signal storage , such as cassette tapes or vinyl records .   Often mobile digital audio players are marketed and sold as `` portable MP3 players '' , even if they also support other file formats and media types . Increasing sales of smartphones and tablet computers have led to a decline in sales of portable media players , leading to some devices being phased out , though flagship devices like the Apple iPod and Sony Walkman are still in production . Portable DVD players are still manufactured by brands across the world .   This article focuses on portable devices that have the main function of playing media .

neg: Personal area network A personal area network ( PAN ) is a computer network used for data transmission amongst devices such as computers , telephones , tablets and personal digital assistants . PANs can be used for communication amongst the personal devices themselves ( interpersonal communication ) , or for connecting to a higher level network and the Internet ( an uplink ) where one `` master '' device takes up the role as internet router .   A wireless personal area network ( WPAN ) is a low-powered PAN carried over a short-distance wireless network technology such as :  INSTEON  IrDA  Wireless USB  Bluetooth  Z-Wave  ZigBee  Body Area Network  The reach of a WPAN varies from a few centimeters to a few meters . A PAN may also be carried over wired computer buses such as USB and FireWire .   Although a ( secured ) Wi-Fi tethering connection could be used by only one single user it is not considered to be a PAN .

neg: Modem A modem ( modulator-demodulator ) is a network hardware that modulates one or more carrier wave signals to encode digital information for transmission and demodulates signals to decode the transmitted information . The goal is attempting to produce a signal that can be transmitted easily and decoded to reproduce the original digital data . Modems can be used with any means of transmitting analog signals , from light emitting diodes to radio . A common type of modem is one that turns the digital data of a computer into modulated electrical signal for transmission over telephone lines and demodulated by another modem at the receiver side to recover the digital data .   Modems are generally classified by the maximum amount of data they can send in a given unit of time , usually expressed in bits per second ( symbol bit/s , sometimes abbreviated `` bps '' ) , or bytes per second ( symbol B/s ) . Modems can also be classified by their symbol rate , measured in baud . The baud unit denotes symbols per second , or the number of times per second the modem sends a new signal . For example , the ITU V. 21 standard used audio frequency shift keying with two possible frequencies , corresponding to two distinct symbols ( or one bit per symbol ) , to carry 300 bits per second using 300 baud . By contrast , the original ITU V. 22 standard , which could transmit and receive four distinct symbols ( two bits per symbol ) , transmitted 1,200 bits by sending 600 symbols per second ( 600 baud ) using phase shift keying .

neg: List of graphical user interface elements Graphical user interface elements are those elements used by graphical user interfaces ( GUIs ) to offer a consistent visual language to represent information stored in computers . These make it easier for people with few computer skills to work with and use computer software .   This article explains the most common elements of visual language interfaces found in the WIMP ( `` window , icon , menu , pointer '' ) paradigm , although many are also used at other graphical post-WIMP interfaces . These elements are usually embodied in an interface using a widget toolkit or desktop environment .

neg: Technology integration Technology integration is the use of technology tools in general content areas in education in order to allow students to apply computer and technology skills to learning and problem-solving . Generally speaking , the curriculum drives the use of technology and not vice versa . Technology integration is defined as the use of technology to enhance and support the educational environment . Technology integration in the classroom can also support classroom instruction by creating opportunities for students to complete assignments on the computer rather than the normal pencil and paper . Technology integration in class would help students to explore more .   The International Society for Technology in Education ( ISTE ) has established technology standards for students , teachers and administrators in K-12 classrooms . The ISTE , a leader in helping teachers become more effective users of technology , offers this definition of technology integration :   `` Curriculum integration with the use of technology involves the infusion of technology as a tool to enhance the learning in a content area or multidisciplinary setting ... Effective integration of technology is achieved when students are able to select technology tools to help them obtain information in a timely manner , analyze and synthesize the information , and present it professionally . The technology should become an integral part of how the classroom functions -- as accessible as all other classroom tools . The focus in each lesson or unit is the curriculum outcome , not the technology . ''   Integrating technology with standard curriculum can not only give students a sense of power , but also allows for more advanced learning among broad topics . However , these technologies require infrastructure , continual maintenance and repair -- one determining element , among many , in how these technologies can be used for curricula purposes and whether or not they will be successful . Examples of the infrastructure required to operate and support technology integration in schools include at the basic level electricity , Internet service providers , routers , modems , and personnel to maintain the network , beyond the initial cost of the hardware and software .   Technology integration alongside standard education curriculum can provide tools for advanced learning among a broad range of topics . Integration of information and communication technology is often closely monitored and evaluated due to the current climate of accountability , outcome based education , and standardization in assessment .   Technology integration can in some instances be problematic . A high ratio of students to technological device has been shown to impede or slow learning and task completion . In some , instances dyadic peer interaction centered on integrated technology has proven to develop a more cooperative sense of social relations . Success or failure of technology integration is largely dependent on factors beyond the technology . The availability of appropriate software for the technology being integrated is also problematic in terms of software accessibility to students and educators . Another issue identified with technology integration is the lack of long-range planning for these tools within the educative districts they are being used .   Technology contributes to global development and diversity in classrooms and helps develop upon the fundamental building blocks needed for students to achieve more complex ideas . In order for technology to make an impact within the educational system , teachers and students must access to technology in a contextual matter that is culturally relevant , responsive and meaningful to their educational practice and that promotes quality teaching and active student learning . Following the moment when educators realize their students are capable , independent technology users who can create inspiring digital masterpieces . In the former mindset of teaching with technology , the teacher was the focal point of the classroom , creating ( often time-consuming ) interactive and multimedia presentations to add shock and awe to his or her lessons and capture the attention of the 21st century child . A new mindset of teaching through technology must emerge , which depends on a vital shift in teacher/student roles . This helps both student and teacher simultaneously . The four Cs are at the heart of the International Society for Technology in Education 's National Educational Technology Standards ( NETS ) for Students , providing a substantial framework for defining the focus of technology objectives for K-12 students . For example , in implementing these standards we have found that even our youngest 21st century learners are capable of independently creating digital storybooks , artwork , presentations , and movies .

neg: Microprocessor A microprocessor is a computer processor which incorporates the functions of a computer 's central processing unit ( CPU ) on a single integrated circuit ( IC ) , or at most a few integrated circuits . The microprocessor is a multipurpose , clock driven , register based , digital-integrated circuit which accepts binary data as input , processes it according to instructions stored in its memory , and provides results as output . Microprocessors contain both combinational logic and sequential digital logic . Microprocessors operate on numbers and symbols represented in the binary numeral system .   The integration of a whole CPU onto a single chip or on a few chips greatly reduced the cost of processing power , increasing efficiency . Integrated circuit processors are produced in large numbers by highly automated processes resulting in a low per unit cost . Single-chip processors increase reliability as there are many fewer electrical connections to fail . As microprocessor designs get better , the cost of manufacturing a chip ( with smaller components built on a semiconductor chip the same size ) generally stays the same .   Before microprocessors , small computers had been built using racks of circuit boards with many medium - and small-scale integrated circuits . Microprocessors combined this into one or a few large-scale ICs . Continued increases in microprocessor capacity have since rendered other forms of computers almost completely obsolete ( see history of computing hardware ) , with one or more microprocessors used in everything from the smallest embedded systems and handheld devices to the largest mainframes and supercomputers .

neg: Pairing (computing) Pairing , sometimes known as bonding , is a process used in computer networking that helps set up an initial linkage between computing devices to allow communications between them . The most common example is used in Bluetooth , where the pairing process is used to link devices like a bluetooth headset with a mobile phone .   Category : Computer networking  Category : Computing terminology

neg: Wake-on-LAN Wake-on-LAN ( WoL ) is an Ethernet or token ring computer networking standard that allows a computer to be turned on or awakened by a network message .   The message is usually sent to the target computer by a program executed on a device connected to the same local area network , such as a smartphone . It is also possible to initiate the message from another network by using subnet directed broadcasts or a WOL gateway service . Equivalent terms include wake on WAN , remote wake-up , power on by LAN , power up by LAN , resume by LAN , resume on LAN and wake up on LAN . If the computer being awakened is communicating via Wi-Fi , a supplementary standard called Wake on Wireless LAN ( WoWLAN ) must be employed .   The WOL and WoWLAN standards are often supplemented by vendors to provide protocol-transparent on-demand services , for example in the Apple Bonjour wake-on-demand ( Sleep Proxy ) feature .

neg: Wireless Internet service provider A wireless Internet service provider ( WISP ) is an Internet service provider with a network based on wireless networking . Technology may include commonplace Wi-Fi wireless mesh networking , or proprietary equipment designed to operate over open 900 MHz , 2.4 GHz , 4.9 , 5 , 24 , and 60 GHz bands or licensed frequencies in the UHF band ( including the MMDS frequency band ) , LMDS , and other bands from 6Ghz to 80Ghz .   In the US , the Federal Communications Commission ( FCC ) released Report and Order , FCC 05-56 in 2005 that revised the FCC 's rules to open the 3650 MHz band for terrestrial wireless broadband operations . On November 14 , 2007 the Commission released Public Notice ( DA 07-4605 ) in which the Wireless Telecommunications Bureau announced the start date for licensing and registration process for the 3650-3700 MHz band .   As of July 2015 , there are over 1,280 fixed wireless broadband providers operating in the US covering 51 % of the US population .

neg: Psion Wavefinder The Psion Wavefinder was a computer peripheral for receiving digital audio broadcasting radio signals , made by Psion . It attached via USB to a personal computer , and had no loudspeakers or controls of its own , with only a flashing light on the device . Psion hoped it would become a design classic .   The Wavefinder was released on 17 October 2000 , and gave access to both DAB audio and DAB Data services . The WaveFinder software had the ability to receive the ` Broadcast Website ' service which some DAB broadcasters experimented with during the early days of digital radio - displaying HTML content provided by the broadcaster in the users ' web browsers . The device initially retailed for # 299 ( at the time the cheapest digital radio on the UK market ) and was bundled with new PCs sold by Dixons , but it was quickly discounted , retailing at # 49.99 by that December , and was no longer produced by 2002 . Psion ended support in 2004 . The Wavefinder had frequent software problems , and an unofficial patch called WaveLite was released in 2001 . The Wavefinder had widely reported problems with the USB drivers in Windows XP Service Pack 2 .   It will work with Windows XP with SP3 . There are reports that the Wavefinder works in Vista . It is not compatible with Macintosh computers , except perhaps through the use of a PC emulator or virtualisation solution . There is a driver and command line application for Linux , OpenDAB , that describes itself as `` experimental '' . The unregulated power supply which is supplied with the Wavefinder has an output which can go up to 19 volts , this can cause the Wavefinder to develop faults . It is therefore recommended to use a regulated 12 volt supply .

neg: Transmitter In electronics and telecommunications a transmitter or radio transmitter is an electronic device which generates a radio frequency alternating current . When a connected antenna is excited by this alternating current , the antenna emits radio waves .   In addition to their use in broadcasting , transmitters are necessary component parts of many electronic devices that communicate by radio , such as cell phones , wireless computer networks , Bluetooth enabled devices , garage door openers , two-way radios in aircraft , ships , spacecraft , radar sets and navigational beacons . The term transmitter is usually limited to equipment that generates radio waves for communication purposes ; or radiolocation , such as radar and navigational transmitters . Generators of radio waves for heating or industrial purposes , such as microwave ovens or diathermy equipment , are not usually called transmitters even though they often have similar circuits .   The term is popularly used more specifically to refer to a broadcast transmitter , a transmitter used in broadcasting , as in FM radio transmitter or television transmitter . This usage typically includes both the transmitter proper , the antenna , and often the building it is housed in .   An unrelated use of the term is in industrial process control , where a `` transmitter '' is a telemetry device which converts measurements from a sensor into a signal , and sends it , usually via wires , to be received by some display or control device located a distance away .

neg: Network Access Device A Network Access Device ( or NAD ) is an electronic circuit that automatically connects a user to a preferred network . More generally , a NAD is any device that , when connected to , provides access to a larger communication network of some sort .   Within the telecommunication industry , a NAD will be connected to a user 's telephone . When the user dials a number , the NAD will ` listen ' to the dialled digits and reroute the call through a network that will provide the best rates for the destination of the call . The NAD is often referred to as a dialler , predictive dialler or least cost routing dialler .   When used in broadband a NAD ( Network Access Device ) is a term to describe all the subscriber equipment required to make a connection to a wide area network ( WAN ) from a local area network ( LAN ) . The NAD normally includes a router , modem and a monitored power supply . Most NAD 's have the ability to report power failures and automatically reconnect themselves back to the network when disconnected .   In residential and business networks , Network Access Devices that are commonly seen include Wireless Access Points and Ethernet switches .   Category : Network access