query: The Dayton Agreement was signed.

pos: Dayton Agreement The General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina , also known as the Dayton Agreement , Dayton Accords , Paris Protocol or Dayton-Paris Agreement , is the peace agreement reached at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base near Dayton , Ohio , United States , in November 1995 , and formally signed in Paris on 14 December 1995 . These accords put an end to the - year-long Bosnian War , one of the Yugoslav Wars .

neg: House of Peoples of Bosnia and Herzegovina The House of Peoples of Bosnia and Herzegovina ( Dom Naroda Bosne i Hercegovine / Дом Народа Босне и Херцеговине ) is one of the two chambers of the Parliamentary Assembly of Bosnia and Herzegovina , with the other chamber being the House of Representatives of Bosnia and Herzegovina . It was established through the signing of the Dayton Agreement in 1995 .   It has 15 members equally distributed among the three ethnic groups in Bosnia and Herzegovina : 5 Bosniaks , 5 Serbs , and 5 Croats . The members are appointed by the parliaments of the constituent peoples . Their duty is to make sure that no law is passed unless all three groups agree on it .

neg: Peace Implementation Council The Peace Implementation Council ( PIC ) is an international body charged with implementing the Dayton Peace Agreement for Bosnia and Herzegovina . The Council was established at an implementation conference held in London , United Kingdom on December 8 and 9 , 1995 , subsequent to the completion of the negotiations of the accord the preceding month . The Council is , in effect , the realization , through the High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina , of the international community 's governance of Bosnia and Herzegovina after signature of the Dayton Agreement . This international control over Bosnia and Herzegovina is to last until the country is deemed politically and democratically stable and self-sustainable .   The PIC comprises 55 countries and agencies that support the peace process in many different ways - by assisting it financially , providing troops for SFOR , or directly running operations in Bosnia and Herzegovina . There is also a fluctuating number of observers .   Since the London conference , the PIC has come together at the ministerial level another six times to review progress and define the goals of peace implementation for the coming period : in June 1996 in Florence , Italy ; in December 1996 for a second time in London ; in December 1997 in Bonn , Germany ; in December 1998 in Madrid , Spain , in May 2000 and February 2007 in Brussels , Belgium .   The PIC clarifies the responsibilities of the High Representative as the main implementing body of the civilian part of the Dayton Agreement , as set out in Annex 10 the Dayton Agreement . For example , the 1997 Bonn session provided the Office of the High Representative with the so-called `` Bonn authority '' to dismiss elected and non-elected officials who obstruct the implementation of the Dayton Agreement . The High Representative from 2006-2007 , Christian Schwarz-Schilling , used this power sparingly , to promote confidence in elected domestic government . This strategy was reversed by the new appointee to that post , Miroslav Lajčák , who imposed several decisions on his first day at work .

neg: San Andrés Accords The San Andrés Accords are agreements reached between the Zapatista Army of National Liberation and the Mexican government , at that time headed by President Ernesto Zedillo . The accords were signed on February 16 , 1996 , in San Andrés Larráinzar , Chiapas , and granted autonomy , recognition , and rights to the indigenous population of Mexico . The accords were based on the five principles of basic respect for the diversity of the indigenous population of Chiapas , the conservation of the natural resources within the territories used and occupied by indigenous peoples , a greater participation of indigenous communities in the decisions and control of public expenditures , the participation of indigenous communities in determining their own development plans , and the autonomy of indigenous communities and their right of free determination in the framework of the State . They were discussed and approved by representatives of all the indigenous communities of Mexico , and translated into ten indigenous languages . President Zedillo and the Institutional Revolutionary Party ( PRI ) however , ignored the agreements and instead increased military presence with the political support of the other important political parties Democratic Revolution Party and National Action Party ( PRD and PAN ) .

neg: Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement The Ukraine -- European Union Association Agreement is a European Union Association Agreement between the European Union ( EU ) , Euratom , Ukraine and the EU 's 28 member states ( which are separate parties in addition to the EU and Euratom ) . It establishes a political and economic association between the parties . The agreement has not entered into force , but parts are applied provisionally . The parties committed to co-operate and converge economic policy , legislation , and regulation across a broad range of areas , including equal rights for workers , steps towards visa-free movement of people , the exchange of information and staff in the area of justice , the modernisation of Ukraine 's energy infrastructure , and access to the European Investment Bank . The parties committed to regular summit meetings , and meetings among ministers , other officials , and experts . The agreement furthermore establishes a Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area between the parties .   The agreement commits Ukraine to economic , judicial , and financial reforms to converge its policies and legislation to those of the European Union . Ukraine commits to gradually conform to EU technical and consumer standards . The EU agrees to provide Ukraine with political and financial support , access to research and knowledge , and preferential access to EU markets . The agreement commits both parties to promote a gradual convergence toward the EU 's Common Security and Defence Policy and European Defence Agency policies .   The agreement comes after more than two decades in which both parties sought to establish closer ties with each other . On the one hand , the European Union wants to ensure that its imports of grain and natural gas from Ukraine , as well as its exports of goods to Ukraine , are not threatened by instability in the region , believing that instability could eventually be reduced through sociopolitical and economic reforms in Ukraine . Ukraine , on the other hand , wants to increase its exports by benefiting from free trade with the European Union while attracting desirable external investments , as well as establishing closer ties with a sociopolitical entity to which many Ukrainians feel strong cultural connection . Western Ukraine is found to be generally more enthusiastic about EU membership than Eastern Ukraine .   The political provisions of the treaty were signed on 21 March 2014 after a series of events that had stalled its ratification culminated in a revolution in Ukraine and overthrow of the then incumbent President of Ukraine , Viktor Yanukovych . This ousting was sparked by Yanukovych 's refusal to sign the agreement . Russia , Ukraine 's second largest trading partner , instead presented an association with the existing Customs Union of Russia , Belarus , and Kazakhstan as an alternative . After 21 March 2014 matters relating to trade integration were temporarily set aside ( awaiting the results of the 25 May 2014 Ukrainian presidential elections ) until the European Union and the new Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko signed the economic part of the Ukraine -- European Union Association Agreement on 27 June 2014 , and described this as Ukraine 's `` first but most decisive step '' towards EU membership .   As of January 2016 the Agreement has been applied provisionally ( Titles III , V , VI and VII , and the related Annexes and Protocols have been provisionally applied since 1 November 2014 , while Title IV has been applied from 1 January 2016 ) . , as far as the provisions concern EU competences . Provisions shall formally come into force upon ratification of the Agreement by all signatories .

neg: United Nations Security Council Resolution 1435 United Nations Security Council resolution 1435 , adopted on 24 September 2002 , after recalling resolutions 242 ( 1967 ) , 338 ( 1973 ) , 1397 ( 2002 ) , 1402 ( 2002 ) and 1403 ( 2002 ) , the Council demanded the end to Israeli measures in Ramallah , including the destruction of Palestinian infrastructure .   The Security Council reiterated its concern at events that had taken place in the region since September 2000 and their deterioration , particularly terrorist attacks against civilians in Israel and at a Palestinian school in Hebron . It demanded the end of the occupation of the headquarters of the President of the Palestinian Authority Yasser Arafat . Furthermore , there was alarm at the reoccupation of Palestinian cities and restrictions on the freedom of movement of people and goods and the need for all to respect the Fourth Geneva Convention of 1949 .   The resolution reiterated the need for a complete cessation of all acts of violence , demanding that Israel end measures in and around Ramallah and to withdraw occupying forces from Palestinian cities to positions held before September 2000 . The Palestinian Authority was called upon to ensure that those responsible for the terrorist acts would be brought to justice . It also supported further diplomatic efforts by the Quartet on the Middle East and others in the region and recognised the initiative adopted at the Arab League Summit in Beirut which stated that peace between Israel and the Palestinians could be achieved through the abandonment of the right to return of Palestinian refugees in exchange for the establishment of a Palestinian state in the 1967 borders and the sharing of Jerusalem .   Resolution 1435 was adopted by 14 votes to none against and one abstention from the United States . American representatives John Negroponte and James Cunningham stated that the country would not support a `` one-sided resolution '' which did not explicitly condemn the terrorists or those who gave them safe haven .

neg: United Nations Security Council Resolution 1396 In United Nations Security Council resolution 1396 , adopted unanimously on 5 March 2002 , after recalling resolutions 1031 ( 1995 ) , 1088 ( 1996 ) , 1112 ( 1997 ) , 1256 ( 1999 ) and 1357 ( 2001 ) on the situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina , the Council welcomed the acceptance by the Steering Board of the Peace Implementation Council on 28 February 2002 of the offer of the European Union to provide a European Union Police Mission ( EUPM ) to succeed the United Nations Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina ( UNMIBH ) from 1 January 2003 .   The Security Council recalled the Dayton Agreement and preparations for the transition from UNMIBH at the end of its mandate . It agreed to the designation of Paddy Ashdown to succeed Wolfgang Petritsch as High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina and appreciated the work of the latter for his achievements .   The resolution welcomed the establishment of the EUPM from 1 January 2003 to follow on from the end of UNMIBH 's mandate as part of a co-ordinated rule of law programme . It encouraged co-ordination among the EUPM , UNMIBH and High Representative to ensure a transition of responsibilities from the International Police Task Force to the EUPM and welcomed the streamlining of the international civilian implementation effort in Bosnia and Herzegovina . The EUPM was to monitor and train the Bosnian Police and to create or reform sustainable institutions to EU standards .   Finally , Resolution 1396 reaffirmed the importance and final authority the Council attached to the role of the High Representative in co-ordinating activities of organisations and agencies in the implementation of the Dayton Agreement .

neg: Destruction of Syria's chemical weapons The destruction of Syria 's chemical weapons began in September 2013 on the basis of several international agreements with Syria that stipulated an initial destruction deadline of 30 June 2014 . United Nations Security Council Resolution 2118 of 27 September 2013 required Syria to assume responsibility for and follow a timeline for the destruction of its chemical weapons and its chemical weapon production facilities . The resolution bound Syria to the implementation plan presented in a decision of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons ( OPCW ) . On 23 June 2014 , the last declared chemical weapons were shipped out of Syria for destruction . The destruction of the most dangerous chemical weapons was performed at sea aboard the Cape Ray , a vessel of the United States Maritime Administration 's Ready Reserve Force , crewed with U.S. civilian merchant mariners . The actual destruction operations , performed by a team of U.S. Army civilians and contractors , destroyed 600 metric tons of chemical agents in 42 days . However , despite these efforts , the use of chemical weapons in Syria have continued to be reported , with the latest being the chemical attack on Khan Shaykhun in April 2017 , which has been alleged to have been perpetrated by the Syrian government .   The chemical weapons agreements arose at a time when the United States and France headed a coalition of countries on the verge of carrying out air strikes on Syria in response to the 21 August 2013 Ghouta chemical-weapon attacks . To avoid a military intervention , the United States , Russia and Syria agreed to the `` Framework for Elimination of Syrian Chemical Weapons '' on 14 September 2013 , which called for the elimination of Syria 's chemical weapon stockpiles by mid-2014 . Syria agreed to accede to the Chemical Weapons Convention and to the destruction of its chemical weapons stockpiles .   The Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons ( OPCW ) began preliminary inspections of Syria 's chemical weapons arsenal on 1 October 2013 , and actual destruction began on 6 October . Under OPCW supervision Syrian military personnel began `` destroying munitions such as missile warheads and aerial bombs and disabling mobile and static mixing and filling units . '' The destruction of Syria 's declared chemical weapons production , mixing , and filling equipment was successfully completed by 31 October deadline . The destruction of the chemical weapons fell well behind schedule . The entire chemical weapons stockpile had been scheduled to be completely removed from the country by 6 February 2014 . Only on 23 June 2014 , had Syria finished shipping the remaining declared chemicals . On 18 August 2014 , all of the most toxic chemicals had been destroyed offshore . Western officials such as British Ambassador Mark Lyall Grant have expressed concerns about the completeness of Syria 's disclosures , and believe the OPCW mission should remain in place following the removal of chemical weapons until verification tasks can be completed .   Chlorine , a common industrial chemical , is outside the scope of the disarmament agreement ; however , its use as a poison gas would violate the Chemical Weapons Convention , which Syria joined in 2013 . Various parties , including Western governments , have accused Assad of conducting illegal chlorine attacks in 2014 and 2015 . A late disclosure in 2014 regarding Syria 's ricin program raised doubts about completeness of the government 's declaration of its chemical weapons stockpile , and in early May 2015 , OPCW announced that inspectors had found traces of sarin and VX nerve agent at a military research site in Syria that had not been declared previously by the Assad regime .

neg: Information Technology Agreement The Information Technology Agreement ( ITA ) is an agreement enforced by the World Trade Organization ( WTO ) and concluded in the Ministerial Declaration on Trade in Information Technology Products in 1996 , and entered into force 1 July 1997 . Since 1997 a formal Committee under the WTO watches over the following of the Declaration and its Implementations .   The aim of the treaty is to lower all taxes and tariffs on information technology products by signatories to zero .

neg: United Nations Security Council Resolution 838 United Nations Security Council resolution 838 , adopted unanimously on 10 June 1993 , after reaffirming Resolution 713 ( 1991 ) and all subsequent resolutions on the situation in the former Yugoslavia and in particular Bosnia and Herzegovina , the Council discussed options for the deployment of international observers on the borders of Bosnia and Herzegovina to ensure implementation of previous Security Council resolutions .   The Council reiterated its demands in resolutions 752 ( 1992 ) and 819 ( 1993 ) which called for the end of foreign interference in Bosnia and Herzegovina and for the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ( Serbia and Montenegro ) cease supplying arms and military equipment to Bosnian Serb paramilitary units respectively . Violations of resolutions 757 ( 1992 ) , 787 ( 1992 ) and 820 ( 1993 ) were condemned which involved actions that took place between Serbia and Montenegro and the protected areas in Croatia and those areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina under the control of Bosnian Serbs . In this regard , the Council considered the possible deployment of observers around the borders of Bosnia and Herzegovina as indicated in Resolution 787 ( 1992 ) .   The resolution also noted the decision of Serbia and Montenegro to prohibit all but humanitarian supplies to Bosnian Serb paramilitaries and the Council urged the country to implement the commitment . The Vance-Owen Peace Plan was recommended as a peaceful settlement of the conflict in the region .   The Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali was requested to report back to the Security Council on options for the deployment of international observers to monitor the borders of Bosnia and Herzegovina with priority for its border with Serbia and Montenegro . He was requested to contact Member States in order to ensure the availability of any material derived from aerial surveillance .

neg: United Nations Security Council Resolution 982 United Nations Security Council resolution 982 , adopted unanimously on 31 March 1995 , after reaffirming all resolutions on the situation in the former Yugoslavia in particular Resolution 947 ( 1994 ) concerning the United Nations Protection Force ( UNPROFOR ) , the Council extended the mandate of UNPROFOR for additional period terminating 30 November 1995 and discussed operations in Croatia .   The Government of Bosnia and Herzegovina had accepted the Contact Group peace plan and the parties in the country were observing a ceasefire agreement . The Council was encouraged by UNPROFOR 's efforts to assist in the implementation of the Washington agreements . The importance of the city of Sarajevo as the capital of Bosnia and Herzegovina and as a multicultural , multiethnic , and religious centre was reiterated , and that the agreement on demilitarisation of the city would have a positive effect . Human rights had to be respected in order to build mutual trust and peace .   The mandate of UNPROFOR was extended until 30 November 1995 and the Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali was authorised to redeploy all UNPROFOR personnel and assets from Croatia into Bosnia and Herzegovina , except those required for the United Nations Confidence Restoration Operation in Croatia . UNPROFOR would continue to carry out the implementation of relevant agreements , facilitate the delivery of humanitarian aid to Bosnia and Herzegovina via Croatia and maintain its support structure in that country . Meanwhile , parties in both countries were urged to observe the ceasefire and negotiate a peaceful settlement .   Finally , the resolution concluded by requesting the Secretary-General to keep the Council informed on developments in the region .

neg: Protocol on Economic Relations The Protocol on Economic Relations , also called the Paris Protocol , was an agreement between Israel and the PLO , signed on 29 April 1994 . The Protocol was incorporated with minor amendations into the Oslo II Accord of September 1995 .

neg: Health in Bosnia and Herzegovina Health in Bosnia and Herzegovina was impacted by the Balkan War of the early 1990s , during which Bosnia and Herzegovina declared their independence . Bosnia faced many challenges during the war , including bombings throughout the country that ruined much of the infrastructure . Parallel regimes took over Bosnia and flipped the country upside down with land mines , bullets , and bombings . The war displaced over 800,000 refugees and killed over 100,000 people . The war in Bosnia also consisted of an ethnic `` cleanse '' of Bosnian Muslims initiated by Bosnian Serbs , which included containment of Bosniaks in concentration camps . The war ended with NATO involvement and the Dayton Agreement in 1995 . The Dayton Agreement acknowledges Bosnia and Herzegovina as a democratic country and the country is moving toward the basic principals that accompany that , such as civil rights and equality . During the war there was minimal attention given to the standard of health and major public health concerns , such as pest control , hygiene , disinfection , and import and export programs , were all interrupted or stopped .  The war affected Bosnia in many ways . The war torn country not only lost much of the infrastructure , but the economy and the governmental system were also affected . It is estimated that there are still thousands of people living as refugees and a large portion of the population still fall under the United Nations High Commission of Refugees category of a refugee or displaced person . The shortcomings of the current health care system include the lack of communication between health care centers , lack of skills , and lack of standards that are uniform throughout the country .

neg: Sinai Interim Agreement The Sinai Interim Agreement , also known as the Sinai II Agreement , was a diplomatic agreement signed by Egypt and Israel on September 4 , 1975 . The signing ceremony took place in Geneva .   The agreement stated that the conflicts between the countries `` shall not be resolved by military force but by peaceful means . '' It also called `` for a further withdrawal in the Sinai and a new UN buffer zone . '' Thus , the agreement strengthened Israel 's and Egypt 's commitment to abiding by U.N. Resolution 338 and strengthened diplomatic relations between Egypt , Israel , and the United States .   The purpose of this agreement , in the eyes of the Egyptians , was to gain back as much of the Sinai Peninsula ( which had been occupied by Israel since 1967 ) as they could through diplomacy . Although the agreement strengthened Egypt 's relationship with the Western world , it diminished its relationships with other members of the Arab League ( especially Syria and the Palestine Liberation Organization ) .

neg: North Atlantic Treaty The North Atlantic Treaty , signed in Washington , D.C. on 4 April 1949 , is the treaty establishing the North Atlantic Treaty Organization ( NATO ) .

neg: United Nations Security Council Resolution 808 United Nations Security Council resolution 808 , adopted unanimously on 22 February 1993 , after reaffirming Resolution 713 ( 1991 ) and subsequent resolutions on the situation in former Yugoslavia , including resolutions 764 ( 1992 ) , 771 ( 1992 ) and 780 ( 1992 ) , the Council , after stating its determination to put an end to crimes such as ethnic cleansing and other violations of international humanitarian law , decided that an international tribunal should be established for the prosecution of persons responsible for serious violations of international humanitarian law committed in former Yugoslavia since 1991 . This later became known as the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia .   The resolution then requested the Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali to submit , in no later than 60 days after the adoption of the current resolution , a report on specific proposals and options relating to the implementation of the decision to establish at tribunal , including whether it has a basis in law . At the same time , suggestions from Member States would be considered , and after the adoption of Resolution 808 , proposals were submitted by France , Italy and Sweden , amongst others . The tribunal would be fully established in Resolution 827 ( 1993 ) .

neg: Bosnia and Herzegovina–United States relations The 1992-95 war in Bosnia and Herzegovina was ended with the help of participation by the United States in brokering the 1995 Dayton Agreement . The United States maintains command of the NATO headquarters in Sarajevo . The United States has donated hundreds of millions of dollars to help with infrastructure , humanitarian aid , economic development , and military reconstruction in Herzegovina and Bosnia . The U.S. Agency for International Development ( USAID ) and Support for Eastern European Democracies ( SEED ) has played a large role in post-war Bosnia and Herzegovina , including programs in economic development and reform , democratic reform ( media , elections ) , infrastructure development , and training programs for Bosnian professionals , among others . Additionally , there are many non-governmental organizations ( NGOs ) that have likewise played significant roles in the reconstruction .   According to the 2012 U.S. Global Leadership Report , 33 % of Bosnia and Herzegovina 's people approve of U.S. leadership , with 49 % disapproving and 18 % uncertain .

neg: Korean Armistice Agreement The Korean Armistice Agreement is the armistice which serves to insure a complete cessation of hostilities of the Korean War . It was signed by U.S. Army Lieutenant General William Harrison , Jr. representing the United Nations Command ( UNC ) , North Korean General Nam Il representing the Korean People 's Army , and the Chinese People 's Volunteer Army . The armistice was signed on July 27 , 1953 , and was designed to `` insure a complete cessation of hostilities and of all acts of armed force in Korea until a final peaceful settlement is achieved . '' No `` final peaceful settlement '' has been achieved . The signed armistice established the Korean Demilitarized Zone ( de facto a new border between the two nations ) , put into force a cease-fire , and finalized repatriation of prisoners of war . The Demilitarized Zone runs not far from the 38th parallel , which separated North and South Korea before the Korean War .

neg: Middle East nuclear weapon free zone The Middle East nuclear weapon free zone ( MENWFZ ) is a proposed agreement similar to other nuclear-weapon-free zones in other regions . Steps towards the establishment of such a zone began in the 1960s led to a joint declaration by Egypt and Iran in 1974 which resulted in a General Assembly resolution ( broadened in 1990 through the Mubarak Initiative to cover all weapons of mass destruction ) . Following the 1995 NPT Review Conference , the International Atomic Energy Agency ( IAEA ) held a series of meetings involving experts and academics to consider ways to advance this process .   Such a zone would strengthen the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty ( NPT ) , would help to promote global nuclear disarmament and would also help the Middle East peace process as substantial confidence-building measures .   The United Nations Security Council Resolution 687 ( the ceasefire ending the Gulf War ) recognizes the goal of establishing the MENWFZ ( para 14 ) .   For the Egyptian government ( until the political changes of 2011 ) , a MENWFZ was seen as a central source of pressure on Israel to relinquish its ambiguous nuclear policy , and to sign the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty ( NPT ) . Until the Iranian nuclear program , Israel was believed to be the only Mideast country to have a nuclear deterrence capability , developed in the 1960s . As Avner Cohen , Gerald Steinberg and other experts have noted , Israeli policy has emphasized the link between nuclear demilitarization and a comprehensive peace settlement including Palestinian issues and with countries and potential threats in the region , including Syria and Iran . Israel maintains a veil of `` studied ambiguity '' ( `` amimut '' ) about its nuclear arsenal , and has not signed the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty .   Four countries in the Middle East have been found in non-compliance with their IAEA safeguards obligations under the NPT : Iraq , Libya , Iran , and Syria . Of these cases , Iran and Syria remain unresolved .   Following pressure from Egypt and the Arab League , the 2010 NPT Review Conference called for holding a conference on a MENWFZ which would primarily press Israel to end its policy of a ambiguity . Finland planned to host such an event in 2012 . However , no agreement was reached on the agenda and other issues , and the conference was called off in November 2012 .   An international group of concerned citizens , including former members of the Israeli Knesset , responded to the lack of progress in official talks by organizing an International Conference For A WMD-Free Middle East . It was held in Haifa in December 2013 .

neg: Marrakesh Agreement The Marrakesh Agreement , manifested by the Marrakesh Declaration , was an agreement signed in Marrakesh , Morocco , by 124 nations on 15 April 1994 , marking the culmination of the 12-year-long Uruguay Round and establishing the World Trade Organization , which officially came into being on January 1 , 1995 .   The agreement developed out of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade ( GATT ) , supplemented by a number of other agreements on issues including trade in services , sanitary and phytosanitary measures , trade-related aspects of intellectual property and technical barriers to trade . It also established a new , more efficient and legally binding means of dispute resolution . The various agreements which make up the Marrakesh Agreement combine as an indivisible whole ; no entity can be party to any one agreement without being party to them all .

neg: United Nations General Assembly resolution 67/19 United Nations General Assembly resolution 67/19 is a resolution upgrading Palestine to non-member observer state status in the United Nations . It was adopted by the sixty-seventh session of the United Nations General Assembly on 29 November 2012 , the date of the International Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian People and the 65th anniversary of the adoption by the General Assembly of resolution 181 ( II ) on the Future Government of Palestine . The draft resolution was proposed by Palestine 's representative at the United Nations . It , however , maintains the status of the Palestinian Liberation Organization as the representative of the Palestinian people within the United Nations system . Though strongly contested by the United States and the government of Israel , former Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert expressed support for the measure . The motion was seen as largely symbolic , though it could allow Palestine to start proceedings at the International Criminal Court against Israel . Its timing , following a year in which Palestine obtained membership of UNESCO and the UN Security Council was unable `` to make a unanimous recommendation '' on their application for full UN membership , and coming several days after the completion of Operation Pillar of Defense , was also noted . The new status equates Palestine with that of the Holy See within the United Nations system and implicitly recognises Palestinian sovereignty .


query: Ad-Rock is married to a person.

pos: Ad-Rock Adam Keefe Horovitz ( born October 31 , 1966 ) , better known as Ad-Rock or King Ad-Rock , is an American musician , guitarist , rapper , producer , and actor . He is best known as a member of the hip hop group the Beastie Boys . He is married to musician and feminist activist Kathleen Hanna .

pos: Kathleen Hanna Kathleen Hanna ( born November 12 , 1968 ) is an American singer , musician , artist , feminist activist , pioneer of the feminist punk riot grrrl movement , and punk zine writer . In the early-to mid-1990s she was the lead singer of feminist punk band Bikini Kill , before fronting Le Tigre in the late 1990s and early 2000s . In 1998 , Hanna released a lo-fi solo album under the name Julie Ruin and since 2010 , has been working on a project called The Julie Ruin . A documentary film about Hanna was released in 2013 by director Sini Anderson , titled The Punk Singer , detailing Hanna 's life and career , as well as revealing her years-long battle with Lyme disease . Hanna is married to Adam Horovitz of the Beastie Boys .

neg: Rock or Bust Rock or Bust is a studio album by Australian hard rock band AC/DC . It is their fifteenth internationally released studio album and the sixteenth to be released in Australia . It is the shortest studio album ever released by the band ; at approximately 35 minutes , it is two minutes shorter than their previous shortest album , Flick of the Switch , which was released in 1983 . Rock or Bust also was the group 's first album without founding member and rhythm guitarist Malcolm Young , who had retired from the band in 2014 due to health concerns , although he co-wrote every track on the album . Bass guitarist Cliff Williams has also retired since Rock or Bust was released , drummer Phil Rudd was unable to participate in the supporting tour after being sentenced to house arrest , and vocalist Brian Johnson was forced to exit the band after the fifth leg of the album 's supporting tour as a result of hearing loss .   The group released the debut single from the album , titled `` Play Ball '' , on 7 October 2014 . The song has been a commercial success , reaching the top 40 charts in various countries such as Spain ( at number 28 ) , France ( at number 39 ) or Switzerland ( at number 19 ) .   Rock or Bust peaked at # 1 in 12 countries , including Australia , Canada , Germany and Sweden . It reached the top 5 in a further 12 countries , including New Zealand , the United Kingdom , the United States and Italy .

neg: Blended Family (What You Do for Love) `` Blended Family ( What You Do for Love ) '' is a song by American recording artist Alicia Keys , featuring vocals from rapper ASAP Rocky . It was written by Keys , Rocky , John Bush , Brandon Aly , Tish Hyman , Dave Kuncio , Kenneth Withrow and Edie Brickell for her sixth studio album Here ( 2016 ) , while production was helmed by Keys and Mark Batson . The song refers to the former marriage of Keys ' husband Swizz Beats and musician Mashonda Tifrere . It was released on October 7 , 2016 by RCA Records .   The music video , filmed in black-and-white , was released on November 11 , 2016 , and features both Keys and ASAP Rocky .

neg: Toots Deville Toots Deville ( February 19 , 1950 -- August 19 , 2004 ) was known as the wife of musician Willy Deville , and for her work as his personal manager and association with the band Mink DeVille during the 1970s . She was also a model and appeared in rock magazines like Creem . Her outlandish behavior and appearance made her a controversial figure in the music world for most of her life .

neg: Rob Rock Robert `` Rob '' Rock is an American heavy metal singer-songwriter , best known as the longtime frontman of Impellitteri , a position he has held from 1987 to 1988 , 1992 to 2000 , and now from 2008 to the present day . Rock has also released five albums as a solo artist , and performed with a number of other notable artists , including M.A.R.S. , Joshua , Tobias Sammet , Axel Rudi Pell and Warrior .

neg: Black (Pearl Jam song) `` Black '' is a power ballad by the American rock band Pearl Jam . The song is the fifth track on the band 's debut album , Ten ( 1991 ) . Featuring lyrics written by vocalist Eddie Vedder and music written by guitarist Stone Gossard , `` Black '' is about Vedder 's ex-girlfriend . Notably , following the band 's 1992 MTV Unplugged performance , Vedder now renders the lyric `` we belong together '' in `` Black '' as `` we do n't belong together '' indicating his moving on from the relationship and being content with how it ended .   After Ten became a commercial success in 1992 , Pearl Jam 's record label Epic Records urged the group to release the song as a single . The band refused , citing the song 's personal nature . Despite the lack of a commercial single release , the song managed to reach number three on the Billboard Mainstream Rock Tracks chart . Remixed versions of the song were included on Pearl Jam 's 2004 greatest hits album , Rearviewmirror , and the 2009 Ten reissue . It has gone on to become one of the band 's most popular songs , as well as a fan favorite .

neg: Atlantic Records 40th Anniversary On May 14 , 1988 , the Atlantic Records label held its 40th Anniversary Celebration by staging a non-stop concert lasting almost 13 hours at Madison Square Garden , New York . The event was dubbed `` It 's Only Rock And Roll '' .   Only artists who had released material on the Atlantic label in the United States performed , with the artists spanning the 40 years of the company 's existence . Lavern Baker and Ruth Brown were the longest tenured Atlantic acts to perform , while Debbie Gibson was the most recent Atlantic signing to make an appearance at the event .   Some Atlantic signings , who had either officially split up or who had not performed together for a number of years , re-formed especially to perform at the concert . These artists included The Rascals , Iron Butterfly , and the former members of Led Zeppelin . Other notable performers included Yes , Genesis , Crosby , Stills & Nash , Keith Emerson and Carl Palmer ( representing Emerson , Lake & Palmer ) , Foreigner , Paul Rodgers , Bob Geldof , Booker T. Jones , Wilson Pickett , The Coasters , The Spinners , Peabo Bryson , The Blues Brothers ( featuring Dan Aykroyd and Sam Moore ) , Roberta Flack , The Manhattan Transfer , Bee Gees , Ben E. King and Vanilla Fudge .   There had been plans to close the performance with a greatest hits all-star jam , but this idea was shelved . Instead , the former members of Led Zeppelin performed as the last act .   The concert was broadcast live in the US on FM radio and HBO television , commentary for the latter being provided backstage by comedian Robert Townsend . HBO commenced its live broadcast a few hours into the event and interspersed footage of the concert which had been taped earlier by the network . In so doing , some of the artists ' sets were edited or omitted . An edited version aired later that year on ABC hosted by Robert Hays . Several banners heralding the reunion of Led Zeppelin band members were displayed like tapestry by excited fans , but , to their dismay , were taken down before HBO went with their live feed . The Audio was recorded by David Hewitt and Stanley Johnston on the Record Plant Black Truck .   In the United Kingdom the event was broadcast over a period of four weeks by BBC 2 , presented as hour-long episodes . Atlantic Records later released this production on video under the title Atlantic Records 40th Anniversary : It 's Only Rock 'n' Roll . The release intercut concert footage with highlights from earlier performances , as well as older footage from the Atlantic archives .

neg: Look-alike A look-alike , or double , is a person who closely resembles another person .   In popular Western culture , a look-alike is a person who bears a close physical resemblance to a celebrity , politician , or member of royalty . Many look-alikes earn a living by making guest appearances at public events or by performing on television or film , playing the person they resemble . A large variety of celebrity look-alike images can be found throughout the web , including images placed by professional agencies that offer their services .   Look-alikes have also figured prominently , at least since the 19th century , in literature ; and since the 20th century , in films and television programs .

neg: Planet Rock (song) `` Planet Rock '' is a 1982 song by Afrika Bambaataa & the Soulsonic Force . The song featured Marvella Murray , Yvette Murray , Melissa Johnson and Sandra Wheeler on additional background vocals . Although it was primarily an underground hit in the United States , Canada , and UK , it helped change the foundations of hip-hop and dance music and became one of the most influential pieces and a milestone and eventually an icon of the hip-hop , breakdance and electronic music cultures . It is credited with pioneering the genre and developing the electro style , building on the work of Kraftwerk , Yellow Magic Orchestra , and George Clinton , combined with distinctive Roland TR-808 beats , and helped pave the way for other genres such as techno , house and trance . In November 2004 , `` Planet Rock '' placed at number 240 on Rolling Stone 's list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time and number 10 in About.com 's Top 100 Rap Songs . `` Planet Rock '' peaked at number four on the soul chart and number forty-eight on the Hot 100 , and went to number three on the dance charts .

neg: Bonnie Owens Bonnie Owens ( October 1 , 1929 -- April 24 , 2006 ) , born Bonnie Campbell , was an American country music singer who was married to Buck Owens and later Merle Haggard .

neg: Anoaʻi family The Anoaʻi family , originating from American Samoa , is a family of professional wrestlers . Family members have comprised several tag teams and stables within a variety of promotions . Famous members of the family include Rikishi , Yokozuna , Roman Reigns , The Usos , and Dwayne Johnson   In addition , Reverend Amituana'i Anoa'i and Peter Maivia were `` blood brothers '' , a connection that continued with Afa and Sika , who regard Peter as their uncle . Peter married Ofelia `` Lia '' Fuataga , who already had a daughter named Feagaimaleata ( Ata ) , whom he adopted and raised as his own . Ata married wrestler Rocky Johnson , and the couple became the parents of Dwayne Johnson , who wrestled under the names Rocky Maivia and The Rock , before establishing himself as an actor .

neg: The Wedding! (comics) `` The Wedding ! '' is the title of the story from The Amazing Spider-Man Annual # 21 in which Mary Jane Watson and Peter Parker ( a.k.a. Spider-Man ) get married . It was published in 1987 and written by David Michelinie , featuring cover art by John Romita Sr. .

neg: Carolyn Dennis Carolyn Dennis ( born April 12 , 1954 ) , sometimes known professionally as Carol Dennis or Carol Dennis-Dylan , is an American singer and actress best known for her work with and marriage to Bob Dylan .

neg: Faith Hill discography Faith Hill is an American country music singer . Her discography includes seven studio albums , four compilation albums , and forty-two singles . All of Hill 's studio albums , including her 2008 Christmas compilation , have been certified Gold , Platinum , or Multi-Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America .   After working as a secretary in a Nashville music publishing firm , Hill recorded a demo tape and was signed to Warner Bros. . Records . She released her debut album in late 1993 titled , Take Me as I Am . The album sold three million copies in the United States and was certified `` multi-platinum '' in sales . With Hill 's first albums , she was largely marketed as a country artist and her singles found major success on country radio . The lead single , `` Wild One '' spent four weeks at # 1 on the Billboard Country Chart that year , making Hill the first female country artist in thirty years spend a series of weeks at the top spot with a debut single . The album 's additional singles , `` Piece of My Heart '' ( a cover of the Erma Franklin song ) and `` Take Me as I Am '' were also significant country hits . In 1995 released her second studio album , It Matters to Me . which also reached multi-platinum status . Its title track was a # 1 country hit , and the other singles released including `` Let 's Go to Vegas '' and `` Someone Else 's Dream '' were Top 10 hits . After meeting country music artist , Tim McGraw , the two eventually married in October 1996 . For three years , Hill did not release any albums after giving birth to child . However she did collaborate with McGraw on his single , `` It 's Your Love '' , which was a # 1 country hit in 1997 .   Hill returned with her third studio album in 1998 titled , Faith . The album 's first single , `` This Kiss '' was promoted as a country and pop single , and therefore it not only peaked at # 1 on the Billboard Country Chart , but also crossed over into Billboard Hot 100 , where it made the Top 10 , peaking at # 7 . The album 's other singles remained successful on the country charts , peaking within the Top 10 , including a duet with McGraw , `` Just to Hear You Say That You Love Me '' . Immediately after tour from her previous album , she returned to the studio to record her fourth album , Breathe . The album was marketed as a crossover Pop music album , which would bring Hill major success in pop and adult contemporary music . Breathe sold eight million copies in the United States , certifying 8 × Platinum in sales . The title track was the album 's first single , where it became Hill 's biggest hit to date , spending six weeks at # 1 on the Billboard Country Chart , while also peaking at # 2 on the Hot 100 , becoming the biggest hit of the year on Billboard . Its follow-up , `` The Way You Love Me '' was also a # 1 hit , and reached the Pop Top 10 as well .   In 2002 , she released another Pop-oriented album , Cry . Although it sold two million copies in the United States , its singles proved not to be as successful as planned . The title track only reached # 12 on the country charts and # 33 on the Hot 100 . The additional three singles released ( `` When the Lights Go Down '' , `` One '' , and `` You 're Still Here '' ) were even less successful than the title track . Hill stayed on a three-year hiatus before releasing her next album , Fireflies in 2005 . The album returned Hill to traditional country music , and the lead single , `` Mississippi Girl '' ( written by John Rich ) became Hill 's first # 1 hit on the Country charts in five years . In addition , Fireflies sold two million copies in the United States and was certified 2 × Platinum in sales . In 2007 , Hill released her first greatest hits compilation which was titled , The Hits , followed by a Holiday album in late 2008 , Joy to the World .

neg: AD (band) AD is a 1980s Christian rock band , featuring former Kansas members Kerry Livgren ( guitar , keyboard , synthesizers , backing vocals ) and Dave Hope ( bass ) , former Bloodrock member Warren Ham ( lead vocals , saxophone , flute , harmonica ) , who had toured as a sideman with Kansas in 1982 , Michael Gleason ( lead vocals , keyboards , guitar ) , who had replaced Ham as a touring member of Kansas in 1983 , and Dennis Holt ( drums ) .

neg: Jim Adkins James Christopher `` Jim '' Adkins ( born November 10 , 1975 ) is an American rock musician . He is best known as the lead singer , songwriter , and lead guitarist of the rock band Jimmy Eat World .

neg: Phyllis Gates Phyllis Lucille Gates ( December 7 , 1925 -- January 4 , 2006 ) was an American secretary and interior decorator known for her three-year marriage to the actor Rock Hudson . The story of their marriage was depicted in the 1990 TV film Rock Hudson , starring Daphne Ashbrook ( as Gates ) and Thomas Ian Griffith ( as Hudson ) .

neg: Rock Hard `` Rock Hard '' is a single by the Beastie Boys , released by Def Jam Records on 12 '' in 1984 . The song , and the accompanying songs on the 12 '' , feature the band 's first major label rap effort .   The track contains samples from the AC/DC song `` Back in Black '' , which was used without obtaining legal permission - thereby causing the record to be promptly withdrawn . Later , when the group planned to include the out-of-print song on their 1999 compilation , Beastie Boys Anthology : The Sounds of Science , AC/DC refused to allow the sample to be used . Mike D spoke to AC/DC 's Malcolm Young personally on the phone when their lawyers refused to clear the sample , and later said that `` AC/DC could not get with the sample concept . They were just like , ` Nothing against you guys , but we just do n't endorse sampling . ' '' Ad-Rock then added `` So we told them that we do n't endorse people playing guitars . ''   The cover design is also famous for now being the official Def Jam records logo for vinyl releases ; to this day , vinyl singles released by Def Jam have this design .   Long removed from print , it was considered a rare collector 's item until Def Jam reissued the single in Europe in 2007 .

neg: Courtney Love Courtney Michelle Love ( born Courtney Michelle Harrison ; born July 9 , 1964 ) is an American singer , actress , writer , and visual artist . Prolific in the punk and grunge scenes of the 1990s , Love has enjoyed a career that spans four decades . She rose to prominence as the frontwoman of the alternative rock band Hole , which she formed in 1989 . Love has drawn public attention for her uninhibited live performances and confrontational lyrics , as well as her highly publicized personal life following her marriage to Kurt Cobain .   The daughter of Hank Harrison and psychotherapist Linda Carroll , Love had an itinerant early life . She spent her formative years in San Francisco and Portland , Oregon , where she was in a series of short-lived bands before being cast in two films by British director Alex Cox . After forming Hole in 1989 , she received substantial attention from underground rock press for the group 's debut album , produced by Kim Gordon . Hole 's second release , Live Through This ( 1994 ) , gave her high-profile renown with critical accolades and multi-platinum sales . In 1995 , Love returned to acting , earning a Golden Globe Award nomination for her performance as Althea Leasure in Miloš Forman 's The People vs. Larry Flynt ( 1996 ) , which established her as a mainstream actress . The following year , she saw further mainstream success with the release of Hole 's third album , Celebrity Skin ( 1998 ) , which was nominated for multiple Grammy Awards .   Love continued to work as an actress into the early 2000s , appearing in big-budget pictures such as Man on the Moon ( 1999 ) and Trapped ( 2002 ) , before releasing her first solo album , America 's Sweetheart , in 2004 . The next few years were marked by publicity surrounding Love 's legal troubles and drug addiction , which resulted in a mandatory lockdown rehabilitation sentence in 2005 while she was in the process of writing a second planned solo album . That project became Nobody 's Daughter , which was released in 2010 as a Hole album but without any other members of the original lineup . Between 2014 and 2015 , she released two solo singles and returned to acting in the network series Sons of Anarchy and Empire .   Love has also had endeavors in writing , co-creating and co-authoring three volumes of a manga , Princess Ai , between 2004 and 2006 , as well as a memoir , Dirty Blonde : The Diaries of Courtney Love ( 2006 ) . In 2012 , she premiered an exhibit of mixed media visual art titled And She 's Not Even Pretty .

neg: Frode Kjekstad Frode Kjekstad ( born 23 November 1974 in Lier , Norway ) is a Norwegian jazz musician ( guitar ) , married to jazz singer Aina Fridén , and known from cooperations and recordings with jazz musicians like Lonnie Smith , Eric Alexander , Frank Foster , Johnny Griffin , Don Menza , Jim Morrison , Mark Nightingale , Claire Martin , Deborah Brown , and Wendell Brunious .

neg: Polly Samson Polly Samson ( born 29 April 1962 ) is an English novelist , lyricist and journalist , who is married to musician David Gilmour . She has helped with the lyrics to many of Gilmour 's works both as a solo artist and with the group Pink Floyd .


query: In 2008, Conor McGregor began his mixed martial arts career.

pos: Conor McGregor Conor Anthony McGregor ( Irish : Conchúr Antóin Mac Gréagóir ; born 14 July 1988 ) is an Irish professional mixed martial artist who is currently signed to the Ultimate Fighting Championship ( UFC ) . He is the reigning UFC Lightweight Champion , and former UFC Featherweight Champion . During his career , McGregor has competed as a featherweight , lightweight , and welterweight .   In 2008 , McGregor started his mixed martial arts ( MMA ) career and , in 2012 , he won both the Cage Warriors Featherweight and Lightweight Championships , holding both titles concurrently before vacating them to sign with the UFC . In 2015 , at UFC 194 , McGregor defeated José Aldo for the UFC Featherweight Championship via knockout thirteen seconds into the first round . This was the fastest victory in UFC title fight history . Upon defeating Eddie Alvarez for the UFC Lightweight Championship at UFC 205 , McGregor became the first fighter in UFC history to hold titles in two weight divisions simultaneously .   He is known for being the biggest pay-per-view draw in MMA history , as well as his extravagant lifestyle and trash talking .

neg: Tito Ortiz Jacob Christopher `` Tito '' Ortiz ( / ˈtiːtoʊ ɔɹˈtiːz / born January 23 , 1975 ) is an American retired mixed martial artist . In the MMA world , he is known for his stint with the Ultimate Fighting Championship ( UFC ) , where he is a former Light Heavyweight Champion , having held the title from April 14 , 2000 to September 26 , 2003 . Along with fighters like Randy Couture and Chuck Liddell , he was one of the sports early stars . Ortiz ultimately became the biggest pay-per-view draw of 2006 for his fights with Liddell , Forrest Griffin , and Ken Shamrock .   Outside of his fighting career , Ortiz is the CEO of the Punishment Athletics MMA equipment and clothing line . He also owns an MMA training gym called Punishment Training Center , which is located in his hometown of Huntington Beach , California . On July 7 , 2012 , Ortiz became the ninth inductee into the UFC Hall of Fame .

neg: Tim Means Timothy Carl `` Tim '' Means ( born February 20 , 1984 ) is an American professional mixed martial artist currently competing in the Welterweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship . A professional competitor since 2004 , Means has also formerly competed for King of the Cage and Legacy FC . Means is the former King of the Cage Lightweight Champion and the former King of the Cage Junior Welterweight Champion .

neg: 2008 in Elite Xtreme Combat The year 2008 is the 2nd year in the history of the Elite Xtreme Combat , a mixed martial arts promotion based in The United States . In 2008 Elite Xtreme Combat held 12 events beginning with , ShoXC : Elite Challenger Series .

neg: EliteXC: Primetime EliteXC : Primetime was a mixed martial arts event promoted by Elite Xtreme Combat taking place on May 31 , 2008 at the Prudential Center in Newark , New Jersey .

neg: Dana White Dana Frederick White , Jr. ( born July 28 , 1969 ) is an American businessman . He is the President of the mixed martial arts organization Ultimate Fighting Championship ( UFC ) . Under White 's leadership the UFC has grown into a globally popular multi-billion dollar enterprise .

neg: Tim Kennedy (fighter) Timothy Fred `` Tim '' Kennedy ( born September 1 , 1979 ) is an American retired professional mixed martial artist who most recently competed in the UFC 's Middleweight division . He has also formerly competed for Strikeforce , the WEC , ShoMMA , HDNet Fights , and represented the Chicago Red Bears in the IFL . Kennedy is one of the few fighters to simultaneously serve in the United States Army National Guard while also fighting professionally .

neg: Paul Fleming (boxer) Paul Fleming ( born 3 April 1988 ) is an Australian professional boxer from Tully , Queensland who fought at the 2008 Olympics at featherweight . He was an Australian Institute of Sport scholarship holder .   The tattooed concreter won Bronze at the World Junior Championships in 2006 when he lost to Vyacheslav Shipunov .   The 19-year-old Fleming had lost three times to long-time rival Luke Jackson but managed to defeat him and Taga Samueli Faialaga at the Oceanian Championships where he won his berth in the Olympic tournament . He later added the Chemistry Cup in Germany .   At the 2008 Summer Olympics he was edged out 9:13 by Frenchman Khedafi Djelkhir .   On 29 November 2008 , Paul made his professional debut against veteran Shane Green scoring a 3rd-round TKO victory in the 6 round bout at the Maroochydore Rugby League Club , Queensland .   In 2010 , the young Australian relocated to Sydney , to train with one of the countries World Champion trainers Billy Hussein at Bodypunch Boxing Gym . Under the guidance of Hussein , Paul was successful in his 4th professional bout against 25-year-old Kane Buckley scoring a 4th-round KO .   Paul has since compiled a professional record of 20 wins from 20 fights . He is promoted by Top Rank , the Las Vegas , USA-based promotion company owned by Bob Arum , and home to many boxing champions including Manny Pacquiao and Miguel Cotto . He is managed by the legendary Cameron Dunkin , and Mike Altamura .   He is recognized in the Australian Olympic Committee list of Australian Indigenous Olympians .

neg: 2008 M-1 Challenge season The 2008 M-1 Challenge season was the first season of mixed martial arts ( MMA ) fighting presented by the M-1 Global promotion .

neg: Urijah Faber Urijah Christopher Faber ( born May 14 , 1979 ) is an American retired mixed martial artist who fought as a bantamweight and featherweight in the Ultimate Fighting Championship . Faber won the WEC Featherweight Championship at WEC 19 on March 17 , 2006 , and held the title for over two years until losing it to Mike Brown at WEC 36 on November 5 , 2008 . Faber is widely regarded as one of the sport 's pioneers for establishing legitimacy to lighter weight classes in MMA .   Faber is an NCAA wrestler . With his excellent base in wrestling , he later started Brazilian jiu-jitsu and quickly gained a brown belt under Fábio `` Pateta '' Prado , who , under Carlson Gracie Jr. , is a fifth degree black belt .

neg: Carlo Prater Carlo Prater ( born June 25 , 1981 ) is a Brazilian professional mixed martial artist currently competing in the Lightweight division . A professional MMA competitor since 2002 , Prater has also formerly competed for the UFC , WEC , Strikeforce , the MFC , Vale Tudo Japan , the Palace Fighting Championship , Legacy FC , and Titan FC . He holds notable wins over Carlos Condit , Melvin Guillard , Pat Healy and Erick Silva .

neg: UFC: Fight for the Troops UFC : Fight for the Troops ( also known as UFC Fight Night 16 ) was a mixed martial arts event held by the Ultimate Fighting Championship ( UFC ) on December 10 , 2008 at the Cumberland County Crown Coliseum in Fayetteville , North Carolina .

neg: Club fighter A club fighter ( or clubfighter ) is a professional boxer who usually fights locally and has a mediocre record . Club fighters generally are not nationally recognized and have not won any fights that show the ability to win a championship . The term is often used as a pejorative for over-hyped fighters or for older boxers when they begin to decline . For example , Floyd Mayweather Jr. called Arturo Gatti `` a blown-up club fighter '' , even though Gatti was the WBC super lightweight champion at the time .   A club fighter is less respected than a contender , who defeats journeymen and club fighters in order to establish himself as a challenger for a world title . A journeyman is slightly more respected than a club fighter -- often by way of having a superficially good record .   Category : Boxing terminology  Category : Pejorative terms for people

neg: Anthony Ruiz Anthony Ruiz ( born November 3 , 1977 ) is an American professional mixed martial artist . He has competed for Strikeforce , the WEC , ShoXC , King of the Cage , Tachi Palace Fights , and the Palace Fighting Championship .

neg: Travis Fulton Travis Fulton ( born May 29 , 1977 ) is an American mixed martial artist and a professional boxer in the heavyweight division of both sports . Known as a longtime veteran in mixed martial arts , he has competed in over 300 sanctioned bouts and while he is perhaps best known for competing in smaller US-based promotions , he has also competed in the UFC , the WEC , Pancrase , the Chicago Red Bears of the IFL , King of the Cage and RINGS . He also holds the record for the most sanctioned mixed martial arts bouts , with 315 .

neg: Mikey Burnett Michael Wayne Burnett ( born April 12 , 1974 ) is a former American mixed martial artist who was a member of the fight team the Lion 's Den . Burnett lost a controversial decision to Pat Miletich in a UFC title fight for the UFC Welterweight Championship at UFC Ultimate Brazil crowning Miletich the first-ever holder of the UFC Welterweight belt .

neg: Clifford Starks Clifford Bernard Starks ( born April 25 , 1981 ) is an American mixed martial artist who competes in the Middleweight division for the World Series of Fighting . A professional competitor since 2009 , he has formerly competed for the UFC , Bellator , and Shark Fights .

neg: Mark Coleman Mark Daniel Coleman ( born December 20 , 1964 ) is a retired American mixed martial artist , professional wrestler , former NCAA collegiate wrestler and former Olympic amateur wrestler . Known as The Hammer , he was the UFC 10 and UFC 11 tournament champion , the first UFC Heavyweight Champion , and the Pride Fighting Championships 2000 Open Weight Grand Prix champion . At UFC 82 Coleman was inducted into the UFC Hall of Fame . At the age of retirement he was taking 150,000 USD salary per year .   Coleman is credited with proving the ability of wrestlers to dominate in the developing sport of mixed martial arts , and with being one of the first in American MMA to successfully use the strategy that he coined ; ground-and-pound , earning him the distinction as `` The Godfather of Ground & Pound '' .

neg: MFC 19 MFC 19 : Long Time Coming was a mixed martial arts event held by the Maximum Fighting Championship ( MFC ) on December 5th , 2008 in Enoch , Alberta .

neg: World Fighting Alliance The World Fighting Alliance was a mixed martial arts organization based in the United States .   Owned and organized by MMA legend and trainer John Lewis ( Promoter/Match Maker ) and nightclub operator and `` Club Rubber '' promoter John Huntington ( Producer ) along with Lawyer Louis Palazzo ( Investor ) , the WFA began promoting events after the Nevada State Athletic Commission began sanctioning mixed martial arts . The Las Vegas-based promotion , unlike its cross-town rival , the Ultimate Fighting Championship , featured a nightclub environment and a slogan of `` Where the fight club meets the Night Club '' . Sexy and flashy , its events featured several scantily-clad ring girls between rounds and go-go dancers between fights , and plenty of loud music , including guest performers like Ice-T .   However , in an incident at Level 3 which seriously harmed the promotion 's reputation , credentialed photographers were ejected by venue security from their areas and were forced to move to where they could not take acceptable pictures . The inconvenience caused by the ejection was substantial , some writers at the event were forced to track down their photographers and leave their beat , while some offended editors decided to yank coverage of the event altogether . While the difficulties of the last event did not seem to deter the promotion and the promoters promised a Level 4 , Lewis and Huntington did not promote another WFA event since , and the promotion was assumed to be defunct .   After a rise of interest in mixed martial arts in the United States in 2005 , the WFA reemerged with new ownership and began an aggressive program to establish itself as a new major mixed martial arts promotion . The owners , Ross Goodman and Louis Palazzo , both attorneys from Las Vegas , began by signing contracts with several of the biggest free agents on the market , including former UFC middleweight contender and Olympic silver medalist Matt Lindland , PRIDE middleweight contender Quinton Jackson , retired UFC and Pancrase champion Bas Rutten , former top-ranked Bantamweight fighter Urijah Faber , and former UFC Heavyweight Champion Ricco Rodriguez . In their recruitment efforts , they also came close to signing Tito Ortiz before he was enticed by an offer from the UFC .   The fruits of their acquisitions culminated in WFA : King of the Streets on July 22 , 2006 , a pay-per-view broadcast event at the Forum in Inglewood , California . The card was headed by a main event of Quinton Jackson vs. Matt Lindland , Jackson 's first fight on American soil since becoming a headliner in PRIDE , and featured famed boxing broadcaster Barry Tompkins and wrestling star Bill Goldberg at the announce desk . Despite heavy expectations and an aggressive marketing campaign , including a pre-event special broadcast on Showtime , the event only attracted a crowd of over 5,000 , with only 2,300 tickets sold . Pay-per-view buys were also low , reportedly under 50,000 .   Despite the disappointing numbers , and rumors of financial troubles , the WFA announced their next event , WFA : King of the Streets II at Aladdin Resort and Casino in Las Vegas , Nevada scheduled for December 9 , 2006 . However , the event was then postponed until early 2007 for undisclosed reasons . On November 15 , 2006 , the WFA 's CEO , Jeremy Lappen , sued the WFA and its owners for breach of contract , claiming he has not been paid since June 2006 , a few weeks before King of the Streets . Finally on December 11 , 2006 , Zuffa , the parent company of rival promotion UFC , announced it had acquired select assets of the WFA , including the contracts of WFA fighters . The WFA afterward ceased operations per the sale agreement .   The WFA brand was revived in THQ 's video game UFC Undisputed 2010 , an update to their wildly popular multi-platform MMA video game UFC 2009 Undisputed . In the game 's career mode , which mimics that of an actual MMA fighter , players start off in the WFA and after a certain amount of success are invited to the UFC .

neg: Mixed Martial Arts Pakistan Mixed Martial Arts Pakistan ( or PAK MMA ) is the premiere mixed martial arts ( MMA ) and martial arts promotion based in Pakistan that was created in December 2007 by Bashir Ahmad to promote martial arts ( and martial sports such as boxing and wrestling ) styles in Pakistan with a particular focus on mixed martial arts competition .   From organizing seminars all around Pakistan to having the first mixed martial arts event in the country , Mixed Martial Arts Pakistan has had a huge amount of success in being the first organization to promote MMA in Pakistan . Mixed Martial Arts Pakistan covers everything from the training of students , promoting events , sponsoring of fighters and the organization also reaches out to the community as well .