query: Mark Cuban is a person who is a philanthropist.

pos: Mark Cuban Mark Cuban ( born July 31 , 1958 ) is an American businessman , investor , author , television personality , and philanthropist . He is the owner of the NBA 's Dallas Mavericks , co-owner of 2929 Entertainment and chairman of the AXS TV . He is also one of the main `` shark '' investors on the ABC reality television series , Shark Tank . In 2011 , Cuban wrote an e-book , How to Win at the Sport of Business , in which he chronicles his life experiences in business and sports .

neg: List of wealthiest charitable foundations This is a list of wealthiest charitable foundations worldwide . It consists of the 36 largest charitable foundations , private foundations engaged in philanthropy , and other charitable organizations .   Only nonprofit foundations are included in this list . Organisations that are part of a larger company are excluded , such as holding companies .   The entries are ordered by the size of the organisation 's financial endowment ( that is , the value of assets net of liabilities , or invested donations ) . The endowment value is an estimate measured in United States dollars , based on the exchange rates on December 31 , 2016 . Due to fluctuations in holdings , currency exchange and asset values , this list only represents the valuation of each foundation on a single day .

neg: Mary McCarthy Gomez Cueto Mary McCarthy Gomez Cueto ( April 27 , 1900 -- April 3 , 2009 ) was the widow of a wealthy Cuban businessman who died in poverty , unwilling to leave the island and unable to access her funds because of the US embargo on trade with Cuba . After her husband 's death in 1951 , and following the takeover of the Island under a Communist regime , she had become an anachronism , and ended her life in poverty , bereft of her wealth due to the U.S. embargo , and granted a tiny pension by the Castro government . A victim of political circumstance , she died there at the age of 108 , and was buried next to her husband .

neg: Grupo Uno Grupo Uno was a group of organizers from an East Havana district cultural center . They brainstormed the radical idea of a Cuban rap festival in 1995 . One of the principal organizers , Rodolfo Rensoli , contributed largely to the event by anticipating the need for social and governmental support . Rensoli said that `` There are a lot of people who do n't understand people like me '' as a reason for starting the festival in Cuba . While Grupo Uno gained official support , they had few resources at their disposal . Despite this setback , they were able to spread the word of the festival through the already existent Cuban rap scene . For the first time in Cuban history , moneros were able to express themselves publicly , mentioning many diverse cultural aspects such as race , baseball and the significance of their performance that day , all of which were in their native tongue , Spanish . The event took place in an open-air venue in Alamar , and would continue to occur there annually .

neg: Cuban migration to Miami Cuban immigration has greatly characterized modern Miami , creating what is known as `` Cuban Miami . '' However , Miami reflects global trends as well , such as the growing trends of multiculturalism and multiracialism ; this reflects the way in which international politics shape local communities .  Essentially , the coexistence of growth and internationalization within Miami has perpetuated an ethnically driven social polarization . The growing number of Cubans in Miami have remained loyal to their cultural norms , mores , customs , language , and religious affiliations . The transnational force of immigration defines Miami as a growing metropolis , and the 20th century Cuban influx has greatly affected Miami 's growth .   As of 2012 , there were 1.2 million Cubans in Greater Miami . As of that year , about 400,000 had arrived after 1980 .

neg: Chartered mark In the USA , a chartered mark is a trademark or service mark which is given special statutory protection separate from the usual registration of trade marks and service marks . A chartered mark , in effect , is a type of trademark/servicemark in which the organization is granted the mark `` by charter '' , i.e. by express grant of the legislature . When an organization is granted a chartered mark , no one else may use the same mark at all for any purpose . ( There are possible exceptions for organizations using the same or a similar mark before it was chartered . )   Examples of chartered marks in the United States include FDIC for the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ; Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts for the Boy Scouts of America and the Girl Scouts of the USA , respectively ; and Olympic for the United States Olympic Committee .   Category : Trademark law

neg: DOP Foundation The D.O.P. Foundation is a non-profit institution with spaces and documentary archives headquartered in Paris ( France ) , Madrid ( Spain ) , Miami ( U.S.A. ) and Caracas ( Venezuela ) that operates as an educational and lending resource of modern and contemporary art . The Foundation is dedicated to building a collection that reflects the scope and diversity of the art of our time .   This Foundation assists museums striving to present modern and contemporary art in a complex economic and cultural environment . While private collectors usually limit the accessibility of contemporary artists ' work , the Foundation makes the collection 's works available for loan to museums and university galleries through its `` lending library '' program . Since its inception in 1999 , artworks from the D.O.P. Collection ( Colección D.O.P. ) have appeared in exhibitions at nearly 50 museums , universities , web sites and other public venues , and have been viewed by approximately one million persons per year .   The Foundation facilitates its lending programs by providing professionals and scholars in the art community opportunities to view , study , and consider the collection ´ s artworks for exhibitions worldwide .   The main educational initiatives of the D.O.P. Foundation are : The D.O.P. Collection , the Lending Library Programme and its ArteDOP/ArtDOP Educational Initiative , all aimed to achieve the excellence in education by a display of exhibitions , a grant & scholarship programs and other activities that allows a direct access of people interested in understanding the importance and enjoy the multiple alternatives that art brings as a fundamental factor for our intellectual , social and emotive development ; and these are directed to anyone , from individual beings up to a whole community .

neg: Fund for Reconciliation and Development Fund for Reconciliation and Development Is a non-profit organization supporting efforts for reconciliation between the United States and Vietnam , Cambodia , Laos , and Cuba , as well as the development of these countries . It was established in 1985 as a US-Indochina Reconciliation Project ( USIRP ) , which ensued from the American Friends Service Committee , a Quaker program .   The organization aims at reaching fully normal diplomatic , cultural , educational , and economic relations between the United States and the above-mentioned countries .

neg: People to People International People to People International ( PTPI ) was established on September 11 , 1956 , by President Dwight D. Eisenhower , as part of the United States Information Agency . After President Eisenhower left the office of President in 1961 , he arranged to have the organization privatized as a non-governmental organization and arranged for People to People to become a not-for-profit Missouri corporation now known as People to People International . President Eisenhower was Chairman of the Board of Trustees and recognized as the founder of the not-for-profit organization . It is incorporated as a not-for-profit organization in the state of Missouri and qualifies for exemption from income tax under the Internal Revenue Code 501 ( c ) ( 3 ) . PTPI is funded through program fees , membership dues and donations .   Among the early leaders working with President Eisenhower were Joyce C. Hall , the founder of Hallmark Cards , Inc. , Walt Disney , Bob Hope and approximately 100 other remarkable individuals from industry , academia and the arts . Charles M. Schulz , creator of the Peanuts comic strip , contributed three pieces of artwork for PTPI Worldwide Conferences .   On June 22 , 2006 , People to People was the first organization awarded the Cavaliere per la Pace ( Knight of Peace Award ) . Prior to People to People , recipients of this award had always been individuals . Previous honorees include Mother Teresa , Mikhail Gorbachev and Pope John Paul II . Since its inception , eight U.S. Presidents have served as the honorary chairman of People to People International .

neg: Civil Society Coalition on Climate Change The Civil Society Coalition on Climate Change ( or CSCCC ) is an entity that maintains a website and describes itself as a global group of non-profit organizations with a mission of `` seek -LSB- ing -RSB- to educate the public about the science and economics of climate change in an impartial manner . '' The Coalition identifies its membership as including 60 independent nonprofit organisations from 40 countries `` who share a commitment to improving public understanding about a range of public policy issues . '' It calls itself `` a free-market alternative to mainstream environmentalism . '' An Indian news media report states that it was founded by the International Policy Network , a London-based organization that receives support from Exxon Mobil .   The group publishes background papers and opinion editorials on the science and economics of climate change and maintains a blog . Its Civil Society Report on Climate Change was published in 2007 , shortly before the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change conference in Bali . CSCCC experts make media appearances , such as Julian Morris 's 2007 feature on Larry King Live and his televised debate in 2008 with IPCC head Rajendra Pachauri .   This IPN in the UK has Julian Morris as Executive Director . It is actually a part of the Atlas Group/Network ( aka Atlas Economic Research Institute ) which was founded by UK factory-chicken king , Sir Antony Fisher ( one of PM Margaret Thatcher 's economic gurus ) and American Loctite millionaire Richard Krieble . They had funding support from Krieble , Richard Mellon Scaife , and Philip Morris . Fisher is reputed to have had a primary hand in establishing up to 150 libertarian think-tanks around the world .   Fisher 's daughter , Linda Whetstone , now works for the ( Fisher-founded ) Adam Smith Institute . She is also the chairperson of the International Policy Network , and is on the Boards of Directors of the Mont Pelerin Society , the Institute of Economic Affairs and the Atlas Group in the USA . Coalitions and networks of this kind a common with Atlas Group think-tanks , and many of their key staff and directors serve on many different organisations . This faux-multiplicity amplifies the apparent strength of the public attacks on climate-change science . See also the Stockholm Network . and

neg: World AIDS Museum and Educational Center The World AIDS Museum and Educational Center , located at 1201 NE 26th St. in Wilton Manors , Florida , opened on May 15 , 2014 .   The AIDS Museum and Educational Center began as a HIV support group , Pozitive Attitudes , at the Pride Center in Fort Lauderdale . The facilitator of that group was Steve Stagon and it was his idea to create an AIDS museum , in south Florida because Broward County and Miami-Dade County are `` the epicenter of the AIDS crisis in America . '' A non-profit corporation was set up and fundraising began . After various local exhibits in churches and the Pride Center , once they had enough funding they choose the location on 26th Street .   On Nov 07 , 2013 , Magic Johnson visited the World AIDS Museum and dedicated the space , 22 years to the day he announced his HIV status . Doors officially opened to the public in May 2014 . The World AIDS Museum and Educational Center has a main gallery featuring the historical timeline of the AIDS epidemic , 2 art galleries , and a research library . They also do traveling exhibits and educational programs in the schools . The current CEO is Hugh Beswick and the Operations Manager is Ed Sparan .   Author and AIDS activist Larry Kramer , who spoke there on March 9 , 2017 , remarked :   What an amazing and outstanding place this is ! ... Now they have funding from the state , and can ... host groups of students . The exhibition , beautify installed , has , among much else a GMHC -LSB- Gay Men 's Health Crisis -RSB- room , an ACT UP room , and a Keith Haring room . The history of hiv/AIDS timeline is extensive , I learned a few thngs myself ( and was able to point out a few things that needed correction ) . The docent is exceptionally knowledgeable ... . The board members are exceptionally committed ... . They take pride in claiming that Fort Lauderdale is now the largest gay community in the country . This museum certainly beats anything in San Francisco or New York . Spread the word that this place exists !

neg: Haitian Cuban A Haitian Cuban ( Haitiano-Cubano , Haïtien Cubain , Ayisyen Kiben ) is a Cuban citizen of full or partial Haitian ancestry .

neg: New World Foundation The New World Foundation is a liberal foundation , based in New York . It supports organizations that work on behalf of civil rights and that seek to encourage participation of citizens in American democracy . It was founded in 1954 by Anita McCormick Blaine , a prominent member of the McCormick family and an heiress to industrialist Cyrus Hall McCormick and a supporter of Henry Wallace 's 1948 presidential campaign . Its initial funding of about $ 20 million was noted for progress towards education , ethics , peace , and public health .   In its mission statement , the New World Foundation stated as of 2009 :  We see the strengths of progressive ideals and committed activists , who every day are inventing democracy and extending its boundaries . But we also know the strength of reaction , inaction , and injustice in blocking democracy 's advance . Our work and our tradition is to tip the balance , to add resources to the side of justice , to widen the channels for participation , and to ensure that another generation will see by example how they can make a difference .   During the early 1960s , the New World Foundation 's goal was to aid education and promote better intergroup and international relations . During the early 1970s , the Foundation supported various civil rights and community projects . Hillary Clinton , whom Marian Wright Edelman had mentored , was on the board from 1982 to 1988 , and was its chair for some of that time , including 1987 . During that time , the Foundation gave money to a variety of organizations active in civil rights and other New Left causes , including the Christic Institute , Grassroots International , Committee in Solidarity with the People of El Salvador ( CISPES ) , FAIR , and the National Lawyers Guild . By the early 1990s , the foundation was giving money to a Silicon Valley group fighting consequences of computer industry toxins , all the while undergoing criticism for being invested in the likes of Louisiana Pacific , Nike , and Philip Morris .

neg: Cuba–Oceania relations Cuban-Pacific relations are diplomatic , economic , cultural and other relations between the Republic of Cuba and countries situated in Oceania . In the 2000s , Cuba has been strengthening its relations with Pacific nations , which have , for the most part , responded favourably to Cuban medical aid in particular . The first Cuba-Pacific Islands ministerial meeting was held in September 2008 in Havana , with government members from ten Pacific countries -- Kiribati , Tuvalu , Nauru , Solomon Islands , Fiji , Tonga , Vanuatu , Samoa , the Federated States of Micronesia and Papua New Guinea -- attending . The meeting was a consolidation rather than a starting point of Cuban-Pacific relations .

neg: Ozii Obiyo Ozii Obiyo ( born January 23 , 1985 ) is a Nigerian-American entrepreneur from Arlington , Texas . Originally as a promise to his brother Chuki Obiyo when they were both students at the University of Texas at Austin , he started the first online African Radio show in Austin , Texas on KVRX called African Extravaganza . Started in 2005 , the show showcased a variety of African artists representing different genres and cultures , from Fela Kuti and his Afrobeat to Angelique Kidjo and her Afropop . The fusion of cultures on his show was an experience that Ozii coined as `` Afro-fantastic '' . The radio show led to AfroFantasticTV , a TV show that interviewed students and small business owners on the streets of Austin about African culture through humor . The TV show , broadcast on K09VR , featured Texas business owners discussing how different cultural aspects of Sub-Saharan Africa connected to the Keep Austin Weird business campaign ; in one episode , the show featured Mark Cuban , owner of the Dallas Mavericks . As of March 2010 , Ozii , through Mediasify , LLC is producing web TV shows , videos , and press releases for business owners .

neg: Cuban Carnival The first African drums were heard in Cuba , since the 16th century , only during the celebration of certain feasts , such as the Día de Reyes ( Three Kings Day ) and Carnestolendas or Carnival , because their use was restricted to some mutual aid societies , called `` Cabildos de nación '' , where the slaves and their descendants were allowed to gather and practice their cultural and religious traditions .   The music and dance of the Cuban Carnival was always very popular in Cuba , and has exerted an important influence in other genres of the Cuban music , such as the `` Conga de Salón '' and the `` Mozambique '' rhythm . the Cuban Conga has transcended the national fronteers to become one of the most famous and cherished genres of the Cuban music outside the country , like the well known Congas de Salón from the late 1930s and early 1940s Bim Bam Bum , from Rafael Hernández and Uno , dos y tres , from Rafael Ortiz , which at a later time was known in English as : One , two , three , Kick ! Most recently , in 1985 , the famous Conga from the Cuban-American group Miami Sound Machine , triggered a true frenzy in the US and all around the world . Its success is only comparable to the popularity of the 1930s Conga de Salón or the Conga lines of Desi Arnaz during the 1950s .

neg: Free Money Day Free Money Day is an annual , global event held since 2011 as a social experiment and to promote sharing and alternative economic ideas .   The day is held annually on September 15 , the anniversary of the Lehman Brothers ' 2008 filing for bankruptcy . Participants offer their own money to passing strangers at public places , two coins or notes at a time . Recipients are asked to pass on one of the notes or coins to someone else . 68 events were held in 2011 . On one past Free Money Day , according to the official website , 138 Free Money Day events were held in 24 countries . In 2012 , it was planned to give $ 3,500 in cash to strangers globally . The money is given without obligation ; it is hoped that the event and the transactions will stimulate conversations about the role of money in society , increase awareness about debt and make people think about their `` relationship with money '' . People invented their own methods to give away money . Coffee shop and video rental owners did not charge people for their services and asked them to give the amount to a stranger . In one case a person left a ₤ 10 note on a toilet seat and tweeted that `` it would be the happiest bathroom visit someone will ever have '' .   The event is initiated/organized by the Post Growth Institute and the global coordinator is Donnie Maclurcan , a co-founder of the Post Growth Institute . In describing the motivation for the event , Maclurcan is quoted as saying `` We are looking to alternative economic futures where we do n't need to keep growing economically ... One of Post Growth 's missions is to promote a steady-state economy or one that remains at a stable size rather than growing more . ''

neg: Cuban packages The Cuban packages ( 1972 ) was a Chilean smuggling scandal , involving President Salvador Allende , his Minister of the Interior , Hernán del Canto and the Director of the Civil Police Eduardo Paredes . It was cited by the authors of the Chamber of Deputies ' Declaration of the Breakdown of Chile 's Democracy as one of the instances of government officials ' illegality .   The packages turned out to have contained automatic weapons , grenades and ammunition destined to form a small `` revolutionary '' army in Chile . These specific packages were just the tip of the iceberg of a constant smuggling of weapons from Cuba that were delivered regularly twice a week via Cubana de Aviación , hidden inside the diplomatic pouches .

neg: Havana Times Havana Times is an independent Cuban blog and online magazine founded in 2008 . The online publication is edited in Nicaragua . Most of its contributors live in Havana , Santiago de Cuba and Guantanamo . There are also Cuban contributors in Venezuela , the Dominican Republic , Ecuador and Mexico and volunteer translators in the Netherlands , the United States and England .

neg: Horacio LeDon Horacio LeDon ( born 1967 ) is a Cuban American businessman and President of Partners Trust New Development and founder of Horacio LeDon Real Estate , with offices in New York City , London , Miami , and Los Angeles .

neg: Helms–Burton Act The Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity ( Libertad ) Act of 1996 ( Helms -- Burton Act , , , ) is a United States federal law which strengthens and continues the United States embargo against Cuba . The act extended the territorial application of the initial embargo to apply to foreign companies trading with Cuba , and penalized foreign companies allegedly `` trafficking '' in property formerly owned by U.S. citizens but confiscated by Cuba after the Cuban revolution . The act also covers property formerly owned by Cubans who have since become U.S. citizens .   The Act is named for its original sponsors , Senator Jesse Helms , Republican of North Carolina , and Representative Dan Burton , Republican of Indiana .   The law was passed by the 104th United States Congress on March 6 , 1996 and enacted into law by the 42nd President of the United States Bill Clinton on March 12 , 1996 . The bill , which had been tabled in late 1995 after Senator Helms was unable to overcome several Democratic filibusters , was reintroduced prompted by an episode that happened a month earlier . On February 24 , 1996 , Cuban fighter jets shot down two private planes operated by a Miami-based humanitarian international Search and Rescue support group called Brothers to the Rescue ( Hermanos al Rescate ) , which had been on a search and locate mission over international waters . Whether they were shot down over Cuban territory or international airspace is a matter of debate .


query: Colm Feore was a cast member in The Chronicles of Riddick.

pos: Colm Feore Colm Feore ( born August 22 , 1958 ) is an American-Canadian stage , film and television actor best known for his roles as First Gentleman Henry Taylor on the television series , 24 and as Lord Marshal Zhylaw in The Chronicles of Riddick .

neg: David Newell David Newell ( born November 24 , 1938 ) is an American television actor known primarily for his portrayal of Mr. McFeely , the delivery man on Mister Rogers ' Neighborhood , and works in the public relations department of the Fred Rogers Company ( the entity responsible for all rights relating to the program , and other series currently in production from the company ) . His character 's most famous catchphrase was `` Speedy Delivery ! '' This was Newell 's major role , but not his only one , as he appeared in small film and TV parts throughout the years . He toured the country until he retired in 2015 , promoting Mister Rogers ' Neighborhood as Mr. McFeely .   Newell was born in O'Hara Township , Pennsylvania , near Pittsburgh . A graduate of the University of Pittsburgh , he is the director of public relations for The Fred Rogers Company . Newell now resides in Pittsburgh . He used to be an English teacher at Wilkinsburg Junior/Senior High school .   Newell began his acting career at a theatre school known as the Pittsburgh Playhouse . Through connections made there , he eventually met Fred Rogers . Newell was originally hired onto the show as a public relations manager , but Rogers also cast him in the role of Mr. McFeely . As a result , he and Rogers became lifelong friends until Rogers ' death in 2003 .   A documentary feature about Newell entitled Speedy Delivery , which chronicles his travels around the world as Mr. McFeely , debuted on public television in 2008 .   An animated version of Mr. McFeely is a recurring character on the new PBS series Daniel Tiger 's Neighborhood . Canadian actor Derek McGrath performs the voice .

neg: Michael Zorek Michael Zorek is an American film and television actor perhaps best known for such films and television series as Private School , Family Ties , The Facts of Life , Hot Moves , The Woman in Red , Camp Nowhere and Teen Wolf Too .   In June 2002 , Zorek was featured in an article in The New York Times about life as a stay-at-home father after leaving his job as an account executive at a Manhattan public relations firm . In May 2013 , The Huffington Post published a follow up article by the same author of The New York Times piece , Lisa Belkin .   Zorek 's son Jeremy is also an actor and performed in a 2011 national tour of Billy Elliot .

neg: Michael Colyar Michael Colyar ( born February 9 , 1957 Chicago , Illinois ) is an American actor , comedian , entertainer , voiceover artist , television/radio personality , and author . He is the author of `` A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to The White House , I Knocked on The Door and a Brother Answered '' , which was published in August 2012 .   Colyar graduated from Morgan Park High School in 1975 . Shortly after high school , he attended Olive Harvey Junior College and Chicago State University .   Colyar also did a tv show Homeboys in outer space on UPN   In 1987 Colyar did a movie Hollywood Shuffle  1990 Zapped Again  1990 Downtown  1990 The Closer  1993 What 's Love Got to do With It  1994 House Party 3 as Showboat  1996 Welcome to Planet Earth  1998 High Freakquency  2003 The Beat  2003 Family Reunion  2004 Lexie  2005 The Big black Comedy Show : Vol . 3  2005 Before They Were Kings : Vol . 2  2005 Laffs from the Hood Vol . 1  2005 Clean up Men  2005 A Get2Gether  2008 The Longshots  2009 The Princess and The Frog  2011 Chocolate Sundaes Presents : Live on Sunset Strip ! : Vol . 2

neg: Lance Reddick Lance Reddick is an American actor and musician . He is best known for portraying Cedric Daniels in The Wire and Phillip Broyles in Fringe . He is also known for playing Detective Johnny Basil on Oz and Matthew Abbadon in the fourth and fifth seasons of Lost . Additionally , Reddick provided both the voice and likeness for video game characters Martin Hatch in Quantum Break and Sylens in Horizon Zero Dawn . He voices the character Commander Zavala in the Destiny video game franchise .

neg: Dick Campbell (producer) Dick Campbell , born Cornelius Coleridge Campbell ( June 27 , 1903 -- December 20 , 1994 ) , was a key figure in black theater during the Harlem Renaissance . While a successful performer in his own right , Campbell is best known as a tireless advocate for black actors in general . As a theater producer and director , he helped launch the careers of several black theater artists , including Ossie Davis , Frederick O'Neal , Loften Mitchell , Helen Martin , and Abram Hill .   He was a co-founder of the Negro People 's Theatre in 1935 and the Rose McLendon Players in 1937 , which soon produced only plays written by African Americans . That year he co-founded the Negro Actors Guild as well . His advocacy of the hiring of more blacks in TV included a boycott in 1955 . From 1956 to 1964 he represented the State Department in Africa in its International Cultural Exchange Program . Later he was appointed to public affairs for the Human Resources Administration under Mayor John Lindsay and acted as a spokesperson for his anti-poverty programs . In 1972 he was co-founder of the Sickle Cell Disease Foundation of Greater New York and served as its executive director until his death .

neg: Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film .   The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .

neg: N*gger Wetb*ck Ch*nk: The Race Play N * GGER WETB * CK CH * NK , also known as N * W * C , is a comedy stage production co-written by Rafael Agustin , Allan Axibal , Miles Gregley , Liesel Reinhart and Steven T. Seagle and originally performed by Rafael Agustin , Miles Gregley and Allan Axibal .   This play , part of the SPEAK Theater Arts , LLC company 's repertoire , uses a combination of theater , stand-up comedy , hip hop , slam poetry , and real-life stories to take on racial slurs , stereotypes and the concept of race itself . The show debuted in the Spring of 2004 , written and performed by three former UCLA students : Agustin ( the `` W '' ) , Gregley ( the `` N '' ) , and Axibal ( the `` C '' ) . The show quickly became a success in Los Angeles and has been touring throughout the United States , being performed at colleges , theaters and performing art centers across the country . N * W * C exclusive booking representation is David Lieberman Artists ' Representatives ( dlartists.com ) .   The show opens with a catchy chant that bombards the audience with stereotypes and words that often make people uncomfortable to speak . Allan Axibal first comes on stage neatly dressed as the `` model minority '' and gets the chant started . He is followed by Rafael Agustin dressed as a cholo in his bandana , muscle shirt and pleated pants , who expands on the chant . Lastly , Miles Gregley struts out in full pimp attire , complete with a feathered hat . As they chant racial slurs , they are able to captivate and amuse their audience . However , the play is not just about jokes and laughs ; rather , it aims to strip these very racial slurs of their pejorative power . The three actors have insisted `` their point was not to exacerbate racial tensions or divisions , but to drive home that there is only ONE race , the human race . The show traces the origins and evolution of three derogatory terms that shaped our lives . In doing this show we hope to de-power these words for ourselves and for our audiences . ''

neg: Colm Hayes Colm Caffrey ( Colm Ó Cafraigh ) , known professionally as Colm Hayes , is a former Irish radio broadcaster and sometime television presenter . He formerly presented weekend breakfasts on RTÉ 2fm .   Hayes had a 10-year radio partnership with James `` Jim-Jim '' Nugent , beginning on The Strawberry Alarm Clock on FM104 where the pair established themselves as the number one breakfast show in Dublin . The pair moved to national broadcaster RTÉ 2fm to host The Colm & Jim-Jim Breakfast Show . While there they also did Colm and Jim-Jim 's Home Run on RTÉ One . When Gerry Ryan died in 2010 , Hayes split up with Jim-Jim Nugent and presented The Colm and Lucy Show with Lucy Kennedy for a time before breaking off on his own and moving to his current timeslot .

neg: Jehoram Jehoram ( meaning `` Jehovah is exalted '' in Biblical Hebrew ) was the name of several individuals in the Tanakh . The female version of this name is Athaliah .   Jehoram of Israel or Joram , the King of Israel  Jehoram of Judah , the King of Judah  The son of Toi , King of Hamath who was sent by his father to congratulate David on the occasion of his victory over Hadadezer ( 2 Books of Samuel 8:10 )  A Levite of the family of Gershom ( 1 Chronicles 26:25 )  A priest sent by Jehoshaphat to instruct the people in Judah ( 2 Chronicles 17:8 )   In modern days , it is also the name of :   Yehoram Gaon ( born 1939 ) , Israeli singer and actor

neg: Colmán of Lann Saint Colmán mac Luacháin was an early Irish abbot ( fl . 7th century ) , founder and patron saint of Lann ( Lynn , Co. . Westmeath ) .   The name of the saint 's foundation , Lann ( in full Lann mic Lúacháin ) , represents the early Irish word lann meaning '' ( piece of ) land , church '' . The word is attested in at least two further placenames for church sites associated with namesakes of the saint : ( 1 ) Lann Elo ( Lynally ) , the church of Colmán Elo ; and ( 2 ) Lann Mocholmóc , the church of St Mocholmóc , a pet form of the name Colmán .   A Middle Irish Life was written for him in the 12th century , possibly soon after 1122 , which is preserved in a single manuscript kept in the Rennes Library in Brittany . According to the Annals of Ulster , the 22nd of March ( Holy Wednesday ) in 1122 was the day when the saint 's shrine was discovered in the burial place of Lann . Kuno Meyer , who edited the Life , suggests that this event may have prompted the composition of the text shortly after 1122 and also argues that there are linguistic grounds for assigning the text to the 12th century . The frequent use of such locational adverbs as sund ( `` here '' ) seem to indicate that the Life was also written at Lann . Colmán hardly ever appears in sources other than his Lives , two late martyrologies ( see below ) and a list of Irish homonyms .   Both prose and verse appear to have been written by the same author and there is no indication that the work draws on earlier versions in either Irish or Latin , unlike many other Irish saints ' Lives produced about the time . James Carney regards the Life as `` so extravagant that it is something approaching a satire '' , akin to Aislinge Meic Con Glinne . Clichés of the hagiographic genre , such as demonstrations of the saint 's authority through pious behaviour and miracle-working , are exaggerated to absurd effect . There is also a modernised version of this Life , known as Betha Colmáin Lainne ( `` Life of Colmán of Lynn '' ) .   Colmán is not included in the Félire Óengusso , even though his Life pretends to cite the work to this effect , but the Martyrologies of Donegal and Martyrology of Gorman give his feastday at 17 June .

neg: The Colgate Sports Newsreel The Colgate Sports Newsreel was a radio program focusing on sports . It has been called `` one of the most successful and most listened-to shows in radio history '' and `` one of radio broadcasting 's most entertaining and engaging programs . '' However , much of the information reported as fact was actually fiction .   The program was first broadcast in October 1939 , on NBC Blue . Although Colgate dropped its sponsorship in June 1951 , the show continued on NBC as Bill Stern 's Sports Newsreel through September 1953 . It then switched to ABC , where it ran until June 1956 . During World War II , the Newsreel was among the programs that NBC rebroadcast by transcription to members of the United States armed forces stationed abroad .   Bill Stern , the star , made the program memorable with his enthusiastic , dramatized delivery . He was already both the narrator of MGM 's News of the Day newsreels , and a sports announcer . Thus , the format of this program came naturally .   For most of its run , the show was sponsored by Colgate brushless shave cream . The opening theme `` was sung in barbershop quartet style to the tune of Mademoiselle from Armentieres '' and mentioned the sponsoring product prominently . Although the singing group was not named in the program , a news brief announcing the show 's launch in 1939 identified it as the Armchair Quartette . The theme 's lyrics varied a bit over the years , but the basic form was as follows :  Bill Stern the Colgate shave-cream man is on the air .  Bill Stern the Colgate shave-cream man with stories rare .  Take his advice and you 'll look keen .  You 'll get a shave that 's smooth and clean .  You 'll be a Colgate brushless fan .   From September 14 , 1953 , through December 10 , 1954 , Budweiser sponsored the program . Its final sponsor was Allstate , from December 13 , 1954 through June 22 , 1956 .

neg: Ronald Rand Ronald Rand is an American stage and film actor , educator , director , playwright , producer , and newspaper publisher . A U.S. Cultural Goodwill Ambassador , Rand has performed his one-man show , `` Let It Be Art ! '' as Harold Clurman since 2001 in 23 countries and 20 states.Founder and Publisher of the newspaper , The Soul of the American Actor , he is also the author of Acting Teachers of America .

neg: Keefe Brasselle Keefe Brasselle ( February 7 , 1923 -- July 7 , 1981 ) was an American film actor , television actor/producer and author . He is best remembered for the starring role in The Eddie Cantor Story ( 1953 ) . The film was a response to the wildly successful The Jolson Story and Jolson Sings Again starring Larry Parks . The Eddie Cantor Story , however , could not equal the success of the Jolson films and Brasselle 's career did not launch as anticipated . In 1953 , Braselle hosted an episode of The Colgate Comedy Hour with comedian/dancer Dick Wesson as a promotional tie-in for the film .   In 1956 , Braselle married the singer Arlene DeMarco ( 28 January 1933 -- 19 February 2013 ) . They divorced in 1967 .   Brasselle had a close friendship with CBS executive James Aubrey . Brasselle started his own production company and Aubrey granted Brasselle 's company three television series without any previous script , pitch or pilots . The insider-chicanery resulted in a lawsuit against Aubrey and Brasselle launched by CBS shareholders . There were rumors that Aubrey had no choice in the matter due to threats from the Mafia , with which Brasselle was known to be connected .   In 1961 , an Edison Township , New Jersey nightclub owned by Brasselle burned under suspicious circumstances . Fire officials came across six empty cans of gasoline at the scene , while their caps and spouts were found separately in a paper bag .   In the summer of 1963 , Brasselle starred in a summer replacement series for The Garry Moore Show . Called The Keefe Brasselle Show , the program featured actress Ann B. Davis as herself in three episodes . During the 1964-1965 season , Brasselle 's `` Richelieu Productions '' banner produced three new but untested series : The Baileys of Balboa , The Cara Williams Show , and The Reporter , starring Harry Guardino . Those series suffered from poor ratings . Aubrey was removed as president of CBS Television in February 1965 after a long court battle . Brasselle later wrote a novel that was a thinly disguised account of his relationship with Aubrey and the network , The CanniBalS ( 1968 ) , followed by a sequel , The Barracudas ( 1973 ) , in which he attacked several showbiz figures he 'd worked with , including comedian Jack Benny .

neg: Naomi Clark Naomi Clark , played by AnnaLynne McCord , is a fictional character from the CW primetime drama 90210 , the fourth series of the Beverly Hills , 90210 franchise . The character was created by Rob Thomas , Gabe Sachs , and Jeff Judah , with later developments by Rebecca Sinclair , and occasional input from McCord .   During early stages of production , Naomi was largely described as a privileged and popular teenager . Prior to the series ' premiere , Sachs and Judah would further develop Naomi into an antiheroine with a number of flaws , virtues , and familial issues . In the second season , Sinclair , the new show-runner , maintained the previous developments but presented a more comedic take on the character . McCord has expressed fondness for the multi-faceted nature of the role , citing it as a factor in her decision to accept the part .   Often regarded as the show 's central figure , Naomi has received critical acclaim from the Los Angeles Times , Entertainment Weekly , People magazine , and other media outlets . Reviews have praised AnnaLynne McCord 's performance and the complexity of the role . Conversely , Naomi has also been a recipient of criticism , particularly during the second season . For her work in the role , McCord was nominated for a Teen Choice Award in 2009 , and won a Breakthrough of the Year Award in 2010 .

neg: Sean Caffrey Sean Caffrey ( born 15 April 1940 , Belfast , Northern Ireland -- died 25 April 2013 ) was an actor from Northern Ireland .   He is best remembered for his performances on television in such series as Coronation Street , Z-Cars , Sutherland 's Law , Oil Strike North , Survivors , Doctor Who ( in the serial Horror of Fang Rock ) , The Professionals , Minder , Bergerac , Children of the North and Edge of Darkness . His film career included roles in I Was Happy Here ( 1966 ) , Lindsay Shonteff 's Run with the Wind ( 1966 ) , the Hammer films The Viking Queen ( 1967 ) and When Dinosaurs Ruled the Earth ( 1970 ) , The Human Factor ( 1979 ) , Harry 's Game ( 1982 ) , Ascendancy ( 1983 ) , Curse of the Pink Panther ( 1983 ) , Resurrection Man ( 1998 ) , Crossmaheart ( 1998 ) and Divorcing Jack ( 1998 ) .   As well as acting he also worked as a set designer and writer , having authored the play Nora Surrender ( 1989 ) .

neg: The Texas Chainsaw Massacre (2003 film) The Texas Chainsaw Massacre is a 2003 American slasher film , and a remake of The Texas Chain Saw Massacre . The fifth entry in the Texas Chainsaw Massacre franchise , the film was directed by Marcus Nispel , written by Scott Kosar , and produced by Michael Bay . It was also co-produced by Kim Henkel and Tobe Hooper , co-creators of the original 1974 film .   TCM is the first of many horror remakes to come from Michael Bay 's Platinum Dunes production company which also released the remakes The Amityville Horror , The Hitcher , Friday the 13th , and A Nightmare on Elm Street . Though met with negative reception from critics , the film was well received by fans , and grossed $ 107 million worldwide above its $ 9.5 million budget , making it a strong financial success . A prequel was released in 2006 , titled The Texas Chainsaw Massacre : The Beginning .

neg: The Seven Descents of Myrtle The Seven Descents of Myrtle is a play by Tennessee Williams . It originally began as a short story , which Williams then turned into a one-act play , and then later revised it into the seven-act play that is accepted today . Its title character is reminiscent of another Williams ' heroine , Blanche Dubois in A Streetcar Named Desire .   Originally titled Kingdom of Earth , the serio-comic play focuses on Lot , a tubercular neurotic youth who is an impotent transvestite overly attached to the memory of his late mother . He has returned to his ancestral home , a decaying house on the edge of a river on the verge of overflowing , with his new bride Myrtle , a sometime prostitute and former showgirl , the sole survivor of the Five Memphis Hot Shots . She dwells in a fantasy world of romantic illusions , one of which is to nurse Lot back to health so they can consummate their marriage , but soon discovers Lot only wants to use her to steal the deed to the property from his multiracial half-brother Chicken , who has lived on and farmed the property for years . Once he meets Myrtle , he gets some romantic designs of his own .   The Broadway production was produced by David Merrick and directed by José Quintero . After two previews , it opened on March 27 , 1968 , at the Ethel Barrymore Theatre and closed after 29 performances . It starred Brian Bedford as Lot , Harry Guardino as Chicken , and Estelle Parsons as Myrtle . She was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play .   In 1970 , the play was adapted to a feature film and released under the title Last of the Mobile Hot Shots ( aka `` Blood Kin '' ) .   A 1975 production in London , at the Greenwood Theatre , starring Marianne Faithfull as Myrtle , was cancelled after just three performances when Ms Faithfull fell ill with peritonitis .   In 1976 , the play had its West Coast premiere at The Pasadena Repertory Theatre located in The Hotel Carver in Pasadena , California . It starred Marie Peckinpah as Myrtle , Duane Waddell as Chicken , and Ed Harris as Lot . It featured a remarkable three story , rain-drenched set by Howard Whalen . The play was presented under Williams ' original title `` Kingdom of Earth '' and ran for approximately 24 weekend performances over three months . It was directed by Gill Dennis , with executive producer Duane Waddell , and produced by Kevin Cloud Brechner .   In 1991 , the play was produced in the UK at the Redgrave Theatre , Farnham starring Kit Hollerbach as Myrtle , Stephen Hattersley as Chicken and Marc Warren as Lot in a production directed by Bill Bankes-Jones . Stephen Hattersley won Best Actor 1991 in the TMA Awards for his performance in this production .   In 2011 it was revived at the Print Room in Notting Hill , under its alternative title Kingdom of Earth , directed by Lucy Bailey .   In 2012 , Tom Hiddleston did a reading of the short story version for the series Stories Before Bedtime at the Criterion-Theatre in the United Kingdom . This short story is a more erotic version written in the first person from the perspective of Chicken .

neg: Manticore (film) Manticore is an American Sci-Fi original movie that aired on the Sci-Fi Channel on November 26 , 2005 . It was directed by Tripp Reed and featured Heather Donahue , Chase Masterson and Robert Beltran . It is about a squad of United States Army soldiers in Iraq that must fight against a resurrected , nearly unstoppable manticore awoken from its slumber by an Iraqi insurgent leader .

neg: Colm McLoughlin Colm McLoughlin is the Executive Vice Chairman and CEO of Dubai Duty Free , an airport retailer with a turnover of US$ 1.85 billion in 2016 ( AED Dh6 .67 billion ) . Owned by the Government of Dubai , and part of the Investment Corporation of Dubai ( ICD ) , Dubai Duty Free manages all aspects of the retail operation at Dubai International Airport .

neg: Colma: The Musical Colma : The Musical is a 2006 American musical independent film directed by Richard Wong and written by H.P. Mendoza . Wong 's feature directorial debut , shot on location in the city of Colma , California and parts of San Francisco , is a coming of age story based on the lives of and the relationships between three teenagers living in Colma and how they deal with newfound problems that challenge their friendship . Along the way , they also learn what to hold on to and how best to follow their dreams .   The film features 13 songs all written and produced by H.P. Mendoza . Colma : The Musical was released through Roadside Attractions in partnership with Lions Gate Entertainment .   The film premiered March 21 , 2006 at the San Francisco International Asian American Film Festival . After a year of touring the film festival circuit and winning three Special Jury Prizes , Colma : The Musical was theatrically released on June 22 , 2007 .


query: Connaught Tunnel replaced a historical landmark.

pos: Rogers Pass (British Columbia) Rogers Pass ( elevation 1,330 m ) is a high mountain pass through the Selkirk Mountains of British Columbia used by the Canadian Pacific Railway and the Trans-Canada Highway . The pass is a shortcut across the `` Big Bend '' of the Columbia River from Revelstoke on the west to Donald , near Golden , on the east . The pass was discovered on May 29 , 1881 , by Major Albert Bowman Rogers , a surveyor working for the Canadian Pacific Railway . A second pass was named for Rogers in 1887 in Montana , c. 373 miles to the south-east .   Rogers Pass is in the heart of Glacier National Park , in the midst of mountains popular for ski mountaineering , camping , hiking and mountain climbing ever since the region became accessible in 1886 . The location has tourist services including the Rogers Pass Discovery Centre and National Park services . Rogers Pass is commemorated as a National Historic Site of Canada .

pos: Connaught Tunnel For the Connaught tunnel in East London , England , see Eastern Counties and Thames Junction Railway  The Connaught Tunnel is a railway tunnel under the Selkirk Mountains in southeastern British Columbia , Canada , near the city of Revelstoke . The 5.022 mi tunnel carries the Canadian Pacific Railway main line under Mount Macdonald and replaced the railway 's previous routing over Rogers Pass , which had been struck by several deadly avalanches since its completion in 1885 . At the time it was built , the Connaught Tunnel was the longest railway tunnel in North America . It was named for the Governor General of Canada -- the Prince Arthur , Duke of Connaught -- who in turn was named after the province of Connaught in Ireland .   Announced in February 1913 , the contract was awarded on July 1 , 1913 , to Foley Bros. . Welch and Stewart . The tunnel was designed by John G. Sullivan who joined the Canadian Pacific Railway in 1900 and eventually became Chief Engineer for Canada . A small tunnel was built , from which cross cuts were made to the main tunnel so work could carry on at a number of headings . The sub-contractor guaranteed to drill 900 ft of tunnel per month and started on April 2 , 1914 . Compressed air equipment and narrow gauge locomotives were used inside the tunnel . The company town housed some 300 workers . The tunnel was completed before the original deadline , with operation beginning December 16 , 1916 . It had a grade of only 0.95 per cent westward , and was tangent ; light at one end can be seen at the other , more than five miles away .   It cost $ 5.5 million , while a further $ 3 million were spent on track revision , which saw 14.5 mi abandoned including the Loops and over 4 mi of snow sheds . In all , the route was shortened by 4.3 mi .   Problems were encountered with ventilation , loose rocks and wet rails , which caused trains to stall . The tunnel was later lined with reinforced concrete and equipped with a better ventilation system . Originally double tracked , it was realigned with a single track in 1959 to accommodate higher freight cars .   In the late 1980s , the Mount Macdonald Tunnel was built to supplement the Connaught Tunnel and to lessen the grade on the eastern approach to the pass . Trains now predominantly travel east through the Connaught Tunnel and west through the Mount Macdonald Tunnel .   In 2001 , the Connaught Tunnel was inducted into the North America Railway Hall of Fame . The Hall of Fame recognizes and establishes an enduring tribute to the people and things that have made significant contribution relating to railway industry in North America . The Connaught Tunnel was inducted in the `` Facilities and Structures '' category with `` National '' significance .

neg: National Historic Landmark A National Historic Landmark ( NHL ) is a building , district , object , site , or structure that is officially recognized by the United States government for its outstanding historical significance . Of over 85,000 places listed on the country 's National Register of Historic Places , only some 2,500 are recognized as National Historic Landmarks .   A National Historic Landmark District may include contributing properties that are buildings , structures , sites or objects , and it may include non-contributing properties . Contributing properties may or may not also be separately listed .

neg: Walkway In American English , walkway is a composite or umbrella term for all engineered surfaces or structures which support the use of trails .   The New Oxford American Dictionary also defines a walkway as `` a passage or path for walking along , esp . a raised passageway connecting different sections of a building or a wide path in a park or garden . '' The word is used to describe a footpath in New Zealand , where `` walkways vary enormously in nature , from short urban strolls , to moderate coastal locations , to challenging tramps -LSB- hikes -RSB- in the high country -LSB- mountains -RSB- '' . Similarly in St. John 's , Newfoundland , Canada the `` Grand Concourse '' , is an integrated walkway system that has over 160 km of walkways , which link every major park , river , pond , and green space in six municipalities .   In Toronto , Ontario , Canada , the SkyWalk is an approximately 500 metre enclosed walkway connecting Union Station to the CN Tower and the Rogers Centre ( SkyDome ) . It is part of the PATH network . The SkyWalk passes above the York Street ` subway ' and the Simcoe Street Tunnel . It opened in 1989 and it was built to reduce the need for additional parking spaces near the Skydome stadium by providing a direct transportation link to the subway and GO trains . PATH is a adj = on 29 network of pedestrian tunnels beneath the office towers of Downtown Toronto , and the largest underground shopping complex in the world .   In British English , a walkway more specifically refers to a covered or raised passage in a building , typically connecting separate buildings .

neg: Connaught Place Connaught Place is a place name of various places in the world :   Connaught Place , New Delhi in Delhi , India  Connaught Place , Hong Kong in Central , Hong Kong  Connaught Place , London in London , England

neg: Queen's Park (Toronto) Queen 's Park is an urban park in Downtown Toronto , Ontario , Canada . Opened in 1860 by Edward , Prince of Wales , it was named in honour of Queen Victoria . The park is the site of the Ontario Legislative Building , which houses the Legislative Assembly of Ontario , and the phrase `` Queen 's Park '' is regularly used as a metonym for the Government of Ontario .   The park is nearly an enclave of the University of Toronto , which occupies most of the surrounding lands . In 1854 , the land was leased by the University of Toronto to the City of Toronto for a 999-year term . In 1880 , a `` portion of the Queen 's Park -LSB- was -RSB- selected -LSB- and given to -RSB- the Government of Ontario , as a site for the erection of new Legislative and Departmental buildings '' . The land that is occupied by Legislative Assembly of Ontario is owned by the Government of Ontario . The north park is owned by the University of Toronto and leased to the city . Ministry buildings of the Ontario government occupy other properties to the east of the park , in an area between Wellesley Street and Grosvenor Street . While not adjacent to the park , the Royal Ontario Museum and the Gardiner Museum are located nearby .

neg: Commerce Square Commerce Square is a Class-A , high-rise office building complex in Center City Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , United States . Commerce Square consists of One and Two Commerce Square , two identical 41-story office towers 565 ft high that surround a paved courtyard of 30000 sqft . Architecturally , the granite-clad towers feature setbacks on the north and south sides of the building and are topped with a pair of stone diamonds with cutout squares in the center . The towers were built as part an office-building boom Philadelphia was experiencing on West Market Street in the late 1980s . Designed by IM Pei & Partners ( now called Pei Cobb Freed & Partners ) , the towers were developed in a joint venture between Maguire Thomas Partners and IBM . IBM also leased more than half of One Commerce Square for the company 's Mid-Atlantic headquarters . Construction of the first phase , which included One Commerce Square , the plaza , and retail space , began in 1985 and was completed in 1987 . The project 's second phase , Two Commerce Square , did not begin until a lead tenant was secured for the building in 1990 . Consolidated Rail Corporation ( Conrail ) agreed to be Two Commerce Square 's lead tenant and make the skyscraper its corporate headquarters after a two-year search for office space in the region . Two Commerce Square ended the skyscraper construction boom of the 1980s when it was completed in 1992 . No other office skyscraper was built in Philadelphia until Brandywine Realty Trust ( NYSE : BDN ) built the Cira Centre in 2005 .   In the 1990s , Commerce Square 's lead tenants reduced their presence dramatically in the towers . IBM moved some of its operations out of Philadelphia in the early 1990s , and Conrail was bought by Norfolk Southern Railway and CSX Transportation later in the decade . Almost all of Conrail 's operations were moved out of Philadelphia by the 2000s . Commerce Square was praised mainly for its design of two towers surrounding a plaza . Renowned Philadelphia urban planner Edmund N. Bacon praised Commerce Square and its plaza by saying it `` will prove to be one of the finest commercial projects to be built in this century '' .

neg: New Passage Pier railway station New Passage Pier was the original terminus of the Bristol and South Wales Union Railway , located on the banks of the River Severn at New Passage , South Gloucestershire , England . At New Passage , passengers would disembark from trains and use a boat across the Severn .   New Passage had been the site of a ferry from England to Wales including the use by mail and passenger coaches between Bristol and to Portskewett in south Wales . In 1825 the New Passage Association formed , using the 30-ton steamboat `` St Pierre '' . However , the sponsorship by the Dukes of Beaufort of the Aust route , with faster boats and a pier , meant that by 1830 mail coaches were diverted there , and the New Passage declined .   Construction of the new railway started in 1858 and the single-track broad gauge line opened from South Wales Junction , half a mile east of Temple Meads , as far as the landward end of New Passage Pier on 8 September 1863 , a distance of 11 mi . The distance by rail between Bristol and Cardiff was reduced from 94 mi to 38 mi . The Bristol and South Wales Union Railway built new piers for the ferry , that at New Passage being 546 yd long .   A steam ferry , the Saint Pierre had been built by Pride and Williams for the New Passage crossing in 1825 and it worked there until 1831 . The B&SWUR bought a new steamer , the Gem in 1863 but it proved unsuitable and was soon replaced by the Relief . John Bland , a carrier and shareholder in the railway , was contracted to operate the ferry . The next vessel purchased was the Dragon Fly , this had been used by the contractors to build the piers but was too small to work as the ferry . Instead , two paddle tugs , the Ajax and the Atlas were hired in to cover for the Relief .   A new paddle steamer arrived in June 1864 , named Christopher Thomas after the chairman of the B&SWUR , it had been built for the company by Henderson , Coulborn and Company at Renfrew in Scotland . A slightly larger vessel named the Chepstow arrived from the same shipyard on 11 February 1875 . These two continued in service until the Severn Tunnel was opened in 1886 . They were sold to WS Ogden at Cardiff in 1880 , the Chepstow being renamed the Rover . The funnels were generally painted black with a red band .   The station became redundant in 1886 following construction of the Severn Tunnel , and was closed . The pier was demolished by 1888 . A plaque now marks the site .

neg: Connaught Road railway station Connaught Road was a railway station in east London that was opened by the London & St. Katharine Docks Company on 3 August 1880 . It was located on Connaught Road , north of the channel joining the Royal Victoria Dock and Royal Albert Dock .   The station was sited very close to the junction where the EC&TJR split into three branches ( to Beckton , Gallions and North Woolwich ) , between Canning Town and Central stations , on the Gallions branch . Connaught Road was sparingly used by passenger services , which ceased from 8 September 1940 after destructive wartime bombing , and the goods line was closed with the closure of the Royal Docks .   With the redevelopment of London Docklands in the 1980s and 1990s , the line was replaced in 1994 by the Docklands Light Railway extension to Beckton . No trace of Connaught Road station remains today ; the current Prince Regent and Royal Albert DLR stations are both roughly equidistant from the site .

neg: Old National Library Building The Old National Library Building was a historical building at Stamford Road in the Museum Planning Area of Singapore . Originally completed in 1960 , it housed the National Library and was a national icon for many Singaporeans . Despite a huge groundswell of public dissent , the library was closed on 31 March 2004 , and was demolished to make way for the construction of the Fort Canning Tunnel to ease road traffic to the city . The controversy surrounding the building 's demise has been credited for sparking greater awareness of local cultural roots and an unprecedented wave in favour of heritage conservation among Singaporeans .

neg: Copenhagen Tunnel The Copenhagen Tunnel is a set of three parallel railway tunnels carrying the main line tracks out of London 's Kings Cross terminus under the rising ground at Barnsbury , about a mile north of the station . Each bore has the capacity for two tracks making six tracks in all . The eastern tunnel was taken out of railway service in the 1970s but is maintained to ensure the integrity of the ground overhead , and provides road vehicle access to Holloway Bank . The tunnel is just over a third of a mile ( 548 metres ) long .   The first of the multiple tunnels was built as part of the construction of The Great Northern Railway and was opened in 1850 . This section of the railway was designed by the engineer Thomas Brassey and was built by Pearce and Smith and John Jay . The name is taken from Copenhagen Fields , an open space directly above the tunnels , that was once the location of the Ambassador of Denmark 's residence in the 17th century . This became a popular pleasure garden and was a public meeting area , notable for rioting there in the late 18th century . From this site on 21 April 1834 thousands marched in support of The Tolpuddle Martyrs who had been sentenced to transportation to Australia for forming a trade union . Market Road Gardens , an open space directly above the tunnels , are a present-day surviving remnant of the Fields .   The area above the southern tunnel portal was used for a rail line going to the Caledonian Road Coal and Goods Depot ( now Bunning Street ) which passed along the parapet of the tunnel entrance . This was situated conveniently close to the Metropolitan Cattle Market , located on the ground above the tunnels from 1855 to 1963 . Many trains carried cattle along this line on their last journey to the abattoirs there .   It was this area above the southern parapet that was the setting for the final scenes of the 1955 British film comedy , The Ladykillers .

neg: Cabra Castle Cabra Castle is the name given to two castles , one now ruined , the other now used as an impressive luxury hotel . They are near the hamlet of Cabra , which is very near Kingscourt ( Irish : Dún a ' Rí ) in south-east County Cavan , Ireland .   The current Cabra Castle ( located just off the R179 , known locally as the Carrickmacross Road ) was constructed in a mixture of the `` neo-Norman-style '' and the `` Gothick-style '' in the first decade of the 19th-century . Much of the exterior is in a form of what might be described as the `` neo-Norman-style '' , while the interior is mainly `` Gothick '' ( as opposed to the later neo-Gothic styles ) . This structure was originally called Cormey ( or Cormy ) Castle , after the local townland where it was built . It was constructed for the Foster family , a local `` Ascendancy '' family . However , the cost of building the new country house effectively bankrupted the Foster family . So , in 1813 , shortly after the new Cormey Castle had been completed , the Fosters sold their new country house to their much wealthier neighbours , the Pratt dynasty , who were another local ` Ascendancy ' family .   The aristocratic Pratt family lived just across the Carrickmacross Road at the original Cabra House ( also sometimes known as Cabra Castle ) on the Cabra Estate , the family 's huge country estate . The Pratt family had owned the Cabra Estate since 1699 . In 1813 , Colonel Joseph Pratt added the new Cormey Castle and much of the Fosters ' Cormey Estate to his own Cabra Estate . Cormey Castle replaced the original Cabra House as the chief `` seat '' of the Pratt dynasty in County Cavan . Around 1820 , the Pratt family renamed Cormey Castle as Cabra Castle , the name it retains to this day .   The ruins of the original Cabra House , or Cabra Castle , can be seen on a slight height near the Wishing Well in what is now Dún a ' Rí Forest Park , formerly part of the Cabra Estate . The forest park is now owned by Coillte , the Irish Government 's forestry company .   Major Mervyn Pratt owned Cabra Castle and the Cabra Estate from 1927 until his death in December 1950 . The Major , however , mainly lived at Enniscoe , another country estate that the Pratt family had owned since the 1860s near Crossmolina in County Mayo . He was succeeded by his nephew , Tan Sri Dr. Mervyn Sheppard , a long-serving civil servant with the British Colonial Service in Malaya , who was the last member of the Pratt dynasty to own Cabra Castle . Due to the mounting costs of running the castle and running what remained of the Cabra Estate , he sold the country house to a local Catholic family , the Brennans , in 1964 . The Brennan family turned the castle into a hotel , which it remained up until they sold it in 1986 to a Mr. Mansour , a senior politician and businessman from the Emirate of Abu Dhabi in the U.A.E. Mansour closed the hotel with the intention of turning Cabra Castle back into a private country house once more . However , he never actually got round to restoring the castle as a private residence or restoring it to its former glory .   In 1991 , Mansour sold Cabra Castle to the Corscadden family , who run a number of hotels . They restored the castle and turned it into a luxury four-star hotel , reopening it as such in the early 1990s . It continues to be owned by the Corscadden family , and the castle remains a luxury hotel . The castle is very close to County Cavan 's border with both County Monaghan and , in particular , County Meath . About a hundred acres of land now makes up the surrounding demesne ( or park ) of Cabra Castle .

neg: Deer Creek Tunnel The Deer Creek Tunnel is an incomplete and abandoned double-track railroad tunnel through the Walnut Hills in Cincinnati , Ohio , United States . Construction was begun in the 1850s by the broad gauge Dayton and Cincinnati Railroad , but ceased in 1855 due to lack of funds , and was never restarted .   The Dayton and Cincinnati Railroad was incorporated in February 1847 as the Dayton , Lebanon and Deerfield Railroad , and renamed Dayton , Springboro , Lebanon and Cincinnati Railroad in February 1848 , Dayton and Cincinnati Railroad in February 1849 , and Cincinnati Railway Tunnel Company in January 1872 . The Cincinnati , Lebanon and Northern Railway , a Pennsylvania Railroad subsidiary which itself had the much shorter Oak Street Tunnel in the same area , acquired the unfinished tunnel in September 1902 after a foreclosure sale in May 1896 . Ownership passed to the Pennsylvania , Ohio and Detroit Railroad in January 1926 and the Connecting Railway in May 1956 , and remained with the Penn Central Company when Conrail took over that company 's profitable rail assets in 1976 .

neg: Craigellachie, Moray Craigellachie ( Gaelic : Creag Eileachaidh ) is a small village in Moray , Scotland , at the confluence of the River Spey and River Fiddich ( whose valley or glen gives its name to the famous Scotch whisky Glenfiddich ) , in walking distance of the town of Aberlour .   The name means `` rocky hill '' and was first applied to the cliff on which much of the village is sited , above the River Spey . Craigellachie dates back to at least 1750 , when there was a ferry across the Spey where today 's village now stands . It also stands at the intersection of the A95 from Keith to Aberlour and the A941 from Rothes to Dufftown .   Craigellachie has two malt whisky distilleries ( Craigellachie and The Macallan ) and is home to the Speyside Cooperage .   Craigellachie Bridge over the River Spey was built by Thomas Telford in 1814 . A plaque on one of the castellated towers guarding the entrance to the bridge records that the metalwork was cast in Wales : another that the bridge was restored to this , something like its original condition , in 1964 . The bridge is a remarkable piece of engineering , and can be viewed from above or below .   Craigellachie railway station , closed in 1966 , provided a link between the Strathspey Railway and the Morayshire Railway ( later the Great North of Scotland Railway ) .   Craigellachie is an important stopping off point on the Speyside Way , a long distance path from Buckie in the north to Aviemore in the south .

neg: Peekskill Downtown Historic District The Peekskill Downtown Historic District is a historic district located in the downtown section of Peekskill in the U.S. state of New York . It includes the 40 acre along Main , Division , South , Park , Bank , Brown , First and Esther streets , and Central and Union avenues , near where those streets intersect . There are 150 buildings and one object counted among its contributing resources .   Peekskill , originally a settlement along the shore of the Hudson River where farmers from inland Westchester County brought produce for transshipment to markets in New York City and elsewhere , began to grow inland in the early 19th century due to the intersection of two major roads that roughly corresponds to today 's Central and Division streets . The Albany Post Road , followed later by US 9 until its relocation to the Croton Expressway closer to the river , and the Danbury Turnpike , still followed by US 202 ( and , in the western part of the city and district , US 6 and NY 35 ) . Two houses in the district , in a typical Hudson Valley vernacular style , remain from this era .   Industrialization began changing downtown after 1830 , with brick buildings supporting that use replacing older wooden ones along Magregere 's Creek . Many of the district 's churches were built by the mid-19th century . Fashionable houses , later known as `` Doctor 's Row '' , were built on Main Street . In the 1880s the Moorish Revival tower was built on a structure in the center of town that has remained a landmark for passing travelers ever since . Other late Victorian styles made their mark as well .   In the 20th century , some more buildings were added in more modern contemporary styles , and the increasing use of the automobile affected downtown as well . The decline of retail shopping in the district led to urban renewal efforts in the 1960s and 70s . While some historic buildings were razed , the major urban renewal projects coincided with the eastern boundary of the downtown core , sparing most of it . The district was recognized and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2004 as a rare example of intact 19th-century Hudson Valley downtown architecture .

neg: National Hotel, Toronto The National Hotel was a hotel built on the southeast corner of King and Sherbourne streets , in Toronto , Ontario , Canada . Under pressure for condominium apartment redevelopment , the City of Toronto attempted to preserve the building , designating it a heritage site in 2009 , but the building was eventually torn down in 2013 . The hotel 's north and west facades were preserved as part of the new condominium development , examples of `` facadism '' in Toronto .   The hotel was originally called the `` British Exchange Inn '' when it was run by its first proprietor George Ross . The hotel was listed in the 1856 Boulton Atlas . In 1861 , tax records show it was a three story brick building .   In 1868 , the hotel was rebuilt and renamed the Grand Central Hotel and was managed by a William Burke , who expanded the building east -- `` likely in response to legislation enacted under pressure from the temperance movement '' . Hotels needed to offer a certain number of rooms to rent before they were entitled to a liquor license . Charles Brewer , the owner in 1905 , further expanded the structure to the south . The architect responsible for the 1905 expansion was Henry Simpson , a protege of E.J. Lennox , whose design was in the Richardsonian Romanesque style . The `` Terry Museum '' , one of Toronto 's first museums , was housed in the hotel from 1874 to 1878 .   The property was listed on the City of Toronto Inventory of Heritage Properties in 1973 . Despite this , in 2009 Ram 's Head Development , the building 's owners , announced plans to replace the building with an 18-storey high-rise . The plan stirred controversy and the City of Toronto applied to have the property designated under the Ontario Heritage Act . The building was protected under the heritage act on October 27 , 2009 . This was appealed to the Ontario Municipal Board ( OMB ) . The OMB ordered the City of Toronto to approve the development with the retention of the north and west facades . Demolition proceeded in 2013 . The `` King + '' condominium development opened in 2015 .

neg: Jewel Tower The Jewel Tower is a 14th-century surviving element of the royal Palace of Westminster , in London , England . It was built between 1365 and 1366 , under the direction of William of Sleaford and Henry de Yevele , to house the personal treasure of Edward III . The tower , a three-storey , crenellated stone building , occupied a secluded part of the palace and was protected by a moat linked to the River Thames . The ground floor featured elaborate carved vaulting , described by historian Jeremy Ashbee as `` an architectural masterpiece '' . The tower continued to be used for storing the monarch 's treasure and personal possessions until 1512 , when a fire in the palace caused Henry VIII to relocate his court to Whitehall .   At the end of the 16th century , the House of Lords began to use the tower to store its parliamentary records , building a house alongside it for the use of the parliamentary clerk , and extensive improvements followed in 1621 . The tower continued as the Lords ' records office through the 18th century , and several sets of renovations and building work were carried out to improve its fire-proofing and comfort , creating the current appearance of the tower . In 1834 , the tower was one of only four buildings to survive a terrible fire in Westminster , and in the aftermath the records were moved to a new , purpose-built archive .   The Jewel Tower was taken over by the newly formed Standard Weights and Measures Department in 1869 , who used it for storing and testing official weights and measures . The rising levels of London traffic made the tower increasingly unsuitable for this work , and by 1938 the department had abandoned it in favour of other facilities . In 1948 , the building was placed into the care of the Ministry of Works , who repaired the damage inflicted to the tower during the Second World War , and extensively restored the building , clearing the surrounding area and opening the tower for tourists . In the 21st century , the Jewel Tower is managed by English Heritage , receiving around 30,000 visitors each year .

neg: Connaught, Ontario Connaught , Ontario may refer to :  Connaught , a community in Admaston/Bromley , an incorporated township in Renfrew County , Ontario , Canada  Connaught , a community in North Dundas , a township in the United Counties of Stormont , Dundas and Glengarry in Ontario , Canada  Connaught , one of the Neighbourhoods in Timmins , Ontario , Canada

neg: Tunnel transmitter A tunnel transmitter allows wireless reception in tunnels . It consists of a receiving antenna which receives the signal to be radiated in the tunnel , and a transmitting antenna installed in the tunnel , which is either a Yagi antenna or a line antenna . In principle , a tunnel transmitter can work purely passively , in which case the received signal is passed over a cable to the antenna in the tunnel . Active systems , however , are more often used . In some cases the radio frequency inside the tunnel is different from the one used by the broadcaster . More often the program inside is transmitted on the same frequency as outside , in which case the information signal should be demodulated or converted to an intermediate frequency in the outside receiver , and then modulated/shifted back in the transmitter . Otherwise feedback may occur .   Tunnel transmitters are used in Germany only for audio transmitters working in FM-range and for further radio services , such as mobile phone services which also work in this frequency range .  Elsewhere , there are also tunnel transmitters for audio broadcast transmitters , which work in the long and medium wave bands . An example of this is in the Dartford Crossing tunnel near London , where the programme `` Virgin 1215 '' in the medium-wave band and the BBC 's Radio 4 on 198 kHz long wave are rebroadcast in the tunnel . Emergency information could also be relayed using this system , interrupting programming to relay warnings .

neg: Landmark Trust The Landmark Trust is a British building conservation charity , founded in 1965 by Sir John and Lady Smith , that rescues buildings of historic interest or architectural merit and then makes them available for holiday rental . The Trust 's headquarters is at Shottesbrooke in Berkshire .   Most Trust properties are in England , Scotland and Wales . Several are on Lundy Island off the coast of north Devon , operated under lease from the National Trust . In continental Europe there are Landmark sites in Belgium , France and Italy . Five properties are in the United States -- all in Vermont -- one of which , Naulakha , was the home of Rudyard Kipling in the 1890s .   The Trust is a charity registered in England & Wales and in Scotland . The American sites are owned by an independent sister charity , Landmark Trust USA . There is also an Irish Landmark Trust .   Those who rent `` Landmarks '' provide a source of funds to support restoration costs and building maintenance . The first rentals were in 1967 when six properties were available . In 2015 the Trust had 196 properties available . Landmark sites include forts , farmhouses , manor houses , mills , cottages , castles , gatehouses , follies and towers and represent historic periods from medieval to the 20th century .

neg: Deal porter The deal porters were a specialist group of workers in London 's docks . They handled baulks of softwood or `` deal '' , stacking them up to 60 feet ( 18 m ) high in quayside warehouses . This was a demanding and dangerous job . It required physical strength , dexterity and a head for heights , to such an extent that they were nicknamed `` Blondins '' after the famous acrobat , Charles Blondin . Deal porters wore special leather headgear ( backing hats ) with long `` aprons '' over their shoulders in order to protect their heads and necks from wooden splinters .   Their trade was a notably hazardous one . The New Survey of London Life and Labour , published in 1928 , noted :   `` Deal portering is heavy and dangerous work which can not safely be undertaken by any save experienced men . The shoulder of an experienced deal porter is said to develop a callosity which enables it to bear the weight and friction of a load of planks . But even with a hardened shoulder the deal porter has an unenviable task . To carry over a shaking slippery plankway a bundle of shaking slippery planks , when a fall would almost certainly mean serious injury , is work for specialists . ''   Most of the deal porters worked at the Surrey Commercial Docks in Rotherhithe , which specialised in timber . The workers were represented by the Port of London Deal Porters ' Union . They were eventually rendered obsolete by the 1940s as mechanisation provided a better and cheaper way of moving timber cargo , and less arduous jobs became available elsewhere .   There are a number of commemorations of the deal porters in Rotherhithe . At Canada Water there is a sculpture in their honour , designed by Philip Bews and Diane Gorvin . There is a street named `` Deal Porters Way '' , a path named `` Deal Porters Walk '' , and a new public square is under construction alongside the new Canada Water Library , to be named `` Deal Porters Square '' . The Compass pub in Rotherhithe Street was formerly named `` The Deal Porter '' .

neg: Connaught Place, London Connaught Place is an area in the Bayswater area of the City of Westminster ( a London Borough ) . The nearest underground station to Connaught Place is Marble Arch tube station which is a few minutes to the East near Marble Arch walking past the site of the Tyburn Tree .   Located at the edge of Hyde Park , Connaught Place is framed by Edgware Road , Bayswater Road , Seymore Street and Stanhope Place . The head offices of the Premier League and Experian are located here , as is the Matlock Bank , Mayfair Conference Centre , The Victory Services Club , and various marketing and sales companies such as Jacobs Consultancy , Spencer Stuart , and ZS Associates .   A blue plaque at number 2 records the residence there of Lord Randolph Churchill from 1883 to 1892 . Idina Sackville was living in Connaught Place in 1914 .