query: Little Mix is a girl group.

pos: Get Weird Get Weird is the third studio album by British girl group Little Mix . It was released on 6 November 2015 , through Syco Music and Columbia Records . The album was preceded by the release of the singles `` Black Magic '' and `` Love Me Like You '' . Two further singles were subsequently released from the album , `` Secret Love Song '' and `` Hair '' .   Get Weird peaked at number two on the UK Albums Chart with sales of 60,053 in its first week . It also charted at number one in Ireland , number two in Australia , and in the top twenty in twelve other charts , including Sweden , Italy , Netherlands , and the US . As of November 2015 , Little Mix are the only girl group from the UK to have their first three albums debut in the top fifteen of the Billboard 200 . As of August 2016 , the album has been certified double platinum in the UK for shipments of over 600,000 units .

pos: Little Mix Little Mix are a British girl group formed in 2011 during the eighth series of the UK version of The X Factor . They are the first and , so far , only group to win the competition . Following their victory , they signed with Simon Cowell 's record label Syco Music and released a cover of Damien Rice 's `` Cannonball '' as their winner 's single . The members are Jade Thirlwall , Perrie Edwards , Leigh-Anne Pinnock , and Jesy Nelson .   Little Mix released their debut album DNA in 2012 , which peaked inside the top 10 in ten countries including the UK and US . This made Little Mix the first girl group since the Pussycat Dolls to reach the US top 5 with their debut album , as well as earning the highest debut US chart position by a British girl group , breaking the record previously held by the Spice Girls . In the UK , the album spawned the number-one single `` Wings '' . The group 's sophomore effort Salute , which was released in 2013 , became their second album to debut inside the top 10 in both the UK and US . The album produced two top 10 singles in their home country ; `` Move '' and `` Salute '' . Little Mix released their third studio album Get Weird in 2015 and it is their best-selling and longest charting album to date in the UK . The album 's lead single `` Black Magic '' reached number one in the UK and was also nominated for two Brit Awards in 2016 . The group 's 2016 fourth studio album Glory Days became their first number one album in the UK and was also the longest reigning girl group Number 1 since the Spice Girls ' debut album 20 years ago . The album 's lead single `` Shout Out to My Ex '' became the group 's fourth UK number one single , while the second single `` Touch '' became the group 's tenth top ten hit in the UK Singles Chart .   The group won Best British Single for `` Shout Out to My Ex '' at the 2017 Brit Awards , they have also received several other awards during their career , including two MTV Europe Music Awards , two Teen Choice Awards and two Glamour Awards . As of October 2016 the group has achieved four platinum certified albums and eleven certified singles in the UK . With four UK number one singles and highest first week UK album sales for a girl band since the Spice Girls , Little Mix are one of the most successful female acts in contemporary British popular culture : they appeared on Debrett 's 2017 list of the most influential people in the UK . Little Mix currently holds the record for the most VEVO Certified Videos for a British female artist , pushing Adele into second place , and also the most certified videos for a girl group . The group has 10 certified videos in total .

pos: Salute (song) `` Salute '' is a song recorded by British girl group Little Mix for their second studio album of the same name ( 2013 ) . It was released on 30 May 2014 as the album 's third and final single . It was co-written by the group ( Perrie Edwards , Jesy Nelson , Leigh-Anne Pinnock and Jade Thirlwall ) with TMS ( Thomas Barnes , Peter Kelleher and Ben Kohn ) and Maegan Cottone , and produced by TMS . Lyrically , `` Salute '' is a girl-power song , being called `` a call to arms for women everywhere to stand up and fight whatever imaginary enemy is standing in their way , '' with military metaphors , war sirens , and hip hop and trap influences , drawing comparisons to Destiny 's Child and Beyoncé 's `` Run the World ( Girls ) '' . The backing track samples Xzibit 's Paparazzi .   Music critics gave the song positive reviews , with most praising its empowering lyrics and military-inspired drum beats . Some even noticed it would fit perfectly as an opening song for the tour , as well as being one of the strongest tracks of 2013 . The song became a top-ten hit on the charts of Scotland and United Kingdom , becoming the band 's sixth top-ten single in the UK , while reaching the top-twenty in Ireland and top-forty in Belgium . A music video for the song features the band dancing in an underground warehouse with an entourage of male dancers , some of whom are on leads . To promote the song , the band performed in many TV shows , including Britain 's Got Talent and the Today Show .

pos: Shout Out to My Ex `` Shout Out to My Ex '' is a song by British girl group Little Mix . It is the first single from their fourth studio album Glory Days ( 2016 ) and premiered on The X Factor live shows on 16 October 2016 , becoming the band 's fourth number-one single in the United Kingdom . The track was written by Edvard Førre Erfjord , Henrik Michelsen , Camille Purcell , Iain James and Little Mix , with production credits from Erfjord and Michelsen under their production monikers , Electric . The song musically is a dance-pop and power pop song that talks about not showing feelings of regret after breaking up with a boyfriend and wishing well to the new couple .

pos: DNA (Little Mix album) DNA is the debut studio album by British girl group Little Mix . It was released on 19 November 2012 in the United Kingdom via Syco Music . The group began work recording the album in December 2011 and concluded in September 2012 . Throughout the recording process , Little Mix worked with several producers , including TMS , Future Cut , Steve Mac , Jarrad Rogers , Richard `` Biff '' Stannard , Ash Howes , Jon Levine , Xenomania , Fred Ball and Pegasus . The album was co-written by Little Mix and they stated that they were involved in the development of the album as much as possible . Sonically , the album is primarily a mixture of pop and R&B records , with influences from dance-pop , pop rock and hip hop found on specific songs as well . The album 's lyrical content explores empowerment , relationships and heartbreak . Songs on the album were also co-written by members of other girl groups , including Nicola Roberts of Girls Aloud , Shaznay Lewis of All Saints and T-Boz of TLC .   DNA received mixed reviews from music critics . The album 's lead single , `` Wings '' , was released on 26 August 2012 , reaching number one in UK and Ireland as well as charting in Australia , New Zealand , Slovakia , Czech Republic , Hungary , Belgium , Canada and the US . The second single , `` DNA '' , was released on 11 November 2012 , peaking at number three in the UK . Two post-album singles were released : `` Change Your Life '' on 3 February 2013 , and a remix of `` How Ya Doin ' ? '' featuring American rapper Missy Elliott was released on 17 April 2013 ; both songs reached the top 20 in the UK .   The album charted in the top 5 in eight countries , including number three in the UK , and at number four on the US Billboard 200 ; making Little Mix the first girl group since Danity Kane in 2006 to reach the top 5 with their debut album , as well as earning the highest debut Billboard chart position by a British girl group , breaking the record previously held by the Spice Girls ' debut album Spice ( 1996 ) .

pos: Black Magic (song) `` Black Magic '' is a song by British girl group Little Mix . It was written by Camille Purcell , Ed Drewett , Edvard Forre Erfjord , and Henrik Michelsen . The Norwegian production duo Electric , who previously worked on the group 's second studio album Salute ( 2013 ) , produced the single with Matt Rad , who is additional producer . It was released as the lead single from their third studio album , Get Weird on 21 May 2015 . `` Black Magic '' received critical acclaim from critics , who praised its upbeat and catchy sound and compared it to songs from their debut album , DNA ( 2012 ) .   The single topped the UK Singles Chart with combined sales of 113,000 , making it the group 's first single to top the chart since their 2012 single `` Wings '' . The single also peaked within the top 10 of the charts in Ireland , Israel and Australia , achieving platinum certification in the latter . On the UK Singles Chart , `` Black Magic '' remained at the top of the chart for three weeks , becoming the first single by a girl group to do so since Sugababes 's `` About You Now '' in October 2007 . The song was nominated for Choice Love Song at the 2015 Teen Choice Awards . On 17 August 2015 , the single debuted at 99 on the US Billboard Hot 100 , before rising to number 68 the following week , subsequently becoming their highest peak on the chart thus far . In its third week in the Billboard Hot 100 , `` Black Magic '' climbed one more place to reach a new peak of 67 .

pos: Wings (Little Mix song) `` Wings '' is a song by British girl group Little Mix . It was co-written by the group in collaboration with Iain James , Erika Nuri , Michelle Lewis , Mischke , Heidi Rojas and the song 's producers , TMS . It was released as their second single after winning the eighth series of the X Factor in 2011 , and the lead single from their debut studio album DNA ( 2012 ) . Syco serviced the single to BBC Radio 1 in the United Kingdom on 2 July 2012 and it was released for digital download on 10 July 2012 . The uptempo song , which features modern beats , drums , horns and clapping , is a pop arrangement with elements of R&B and old school . Lyrically , the song has themes of girl power , maternal advice and individuality .   `` Wings '' was well received by contemporary music critics , who praised its lyrical message , upbeat sound and vocals . `` Wings '' was the group 's most successful single to date , until they released `` Black Magic '' in 2015 . It topped the UK Singles Chart with sales of 107,000 copies in its first week . The single also reached number one in Ireland and Scotland and number three in Australia , where it was certified triple platinum . It charted in the top 40 in three other countries , peaking at number 79 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and number 26 on the US Billboard Pop Songs chart .   The accompanying music video was filmed at an abandoned warehouse . The clip shows the group dancing and singing in front of colourful backdrops and a pink Union Jack flag , wearing urban-styled outfits corresponding to the backdrops . The video received favorable reviews from critics , who praised the group 's fashion sense , dancing and confidence . Little Mix promoted the song by performing it live on a number of television shows ( including Red or Black ? and The X Factor Australia ) and during their 2013 DNA Tour .

pos: Move (Little Mix song) `` Move '' is a song by British girl group Little Mix . It was released as the lead single from their second studio album , Salute ( 2013 ) . It was co-written by the group with Maegan Cottone and Nathan Duvall , and produced by the latter . An R&B song , that moves away from Little Mix 's previous melody-led ventures , featuring more quirky sounds with bass synth . The girl band stated that the song is about when a boy on the dance floor is `` acting too cool for school '' and they would like him to move . The single was made available for pre-ordering on iTunes on the same day as its radio impact without the official single artwork .   The single received its first airplay in the United Kingdom on 23 September 2013 and was released for digital download on 3 November 2013 , a week before the release of Salute in that country . It debuted and peaked at number three on the UK Singles Chart .

neg: Little Sister (Queens of the Stone Age song) `` Little Sister '' was the first single released by the rock group Queens of the Stone Age from their fourth album Lullabies to Paralyze . It was first released in December 2004 as a promotional single , but was later released as a commercial single on March 7 , 2005 . The song was recorded live in the studio in one take .

neg: The Greatest Hits Tour (Girls Aloud) The Greatest Hits Tour was the third concert tour by Irish and British girl group Girls Aloud , in support of their first greatest hits album The Sound of Girls Aloud : The Greatest Hits . Girls Aloud returned to Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland , having not performed there on 2006 's Chemistry Tour . The band performed sixteen dates in various arenas across the United Kingdom and Ireland , making it their second arena tour . The Sound of Girls Aloud : The Greatest Hits Tour kicked off in Cheryl Cole 's hometown of Newcastle on 14 May 2007 and concluding in near Nadine Coyle 's home in Belfast on 2 June 2007 .   The show was divided into five unique sections with distinct costumes , including the encore . Girls Aloud descended onto the stage from the ceiling as they performed `` Something Kinda Ooooh '' . They performed fourteen of the fifteen singles they had released at the time , as well as a couple of album tracks and a Dirty Dancing medley . A number of songs were also remixed or reworked .   Girls Aloud received mixed reviews from contemporary music critics , who praised Girls Aloud 's original songs but criticized the number of cover versions and the show 's lack of budget . Critics also noted Girls Aloud 's provocative attire . Much like the greatest hits album , The Sound of Girls Aloud : The Greatest Hits Tour was a commercial success . Girls Aloud released another studio album and announced an accompanying tour for the following year . The Sound of Girls Aloud : The Greatest Hits Tour remains Girls Aloud 's only tour not to receive a video release .

neg: Mix (magazine) Mix magazine is a periodical , billing itself as `` the world 's leading magazine for the professional recording and sound production technology industry '' . The magazine is headquartered in New York City and distributed in 94 countries . Its Korean version , Mix Korea , was started in 2007 .   Mix is published by NewBay Media , who bought it from Penton Media in 2011 .

neg: T.A.T.u. t.A.T.u. ( Тату , -LSB- tɐˈtu -RSB- ) were a Russian music duo that consisted of Julia Volkova and Lena Katina . The duo was managed by Russian television producer Ivan Shapovalov while in the group Neposedi . The duo was signed to their own production company , T.A. Music , following the split with Universal Music Russia , and their sub-labels Interscope Records and Neformat .   The duo established their world success with their debut English-language single `` All the Things She Said '' , which gained acclaim from music journalists and critics . The video of the single , however , generated controversy worldwide , showing the girls kissing in the rain in school uniforms . Along with the number-one single , the following songs `` Not Gon na Get Us '' and `` All About Us '' gained success and also charted at number one on other contemporary music charts .   The duo has released six studio albums ; three in Russian and three in English . The album 200 km/h in the Wrong Lane achieved huge success worldwide and eventually became the first group ever to get the IFPI Europe platinum award for the same album in two different languages . Due to their success , the duo was recognized as one of the most successful female music acts to emerge in the early decade and have established themselves as the most successful Russian act to date .   t.A.T.u. represented Russia in the 2003 Eurovision Song Contest , performing `` Ne Ver ' , Ne Boysia '' , finishing in third place . In March 2011 , the duo officially announced their separation , due to personal reasons and conflicts between them and embarked on solo careers , which started around the end of 2008 . As of 2016 , t.A.T.u. have sold over 25 million records , and both the Russian and English version of 200 Km/h are listed among the best-selling albums by a girl group . They reunited in late December 2012 for a concert and announced their comeback after their performance in the opening ceremony of the Olympics in Sochi 2014 . However , due to personal issues between Volkova and Katina , the duo announced that their project would only consist of their newest single and music video , `` Lyubov ' V Kazhdom Mgnovenii '' ( `` Love In Every Moment '' ) to promote a Russian short film which premiered at the 67th Cannes Film Festival .

neg: Dance Mix Dance Mix is the first remix album by the Turkish pop singer , Murat Boz . It was released on August 14 , 2012 .  Includes 8 remixes and the remake of the song `` Yazmışsa Bozmak Olmaz '' feat Ozan Doğulu , 1993 hit from the Turkish singer Kenan Doğulu .  The first single of `` Dance Mix '' is '' Özledim ( Gurcell Club Mix ) '' released on September 17 , 2012 , accompanied by a music video directed by  Nihat Odabaşı .  On April 12 , 2013 both remixed songs '' Özledim ( Gurcell Club Mix ) '' and `` Geri Dönüş Olsa ( Erdem Kınay Remix ) '' won on the category of `` Best Remix '' on Kral TV Turkish Music Awards .

neg: Girls (band) Girls was an American indie rock band , formed in San Francisco in 2007 . The band comprised two key members : Christopher Owens , songwriter and lead singer , and Chet `` JR '' White , who played bass and produced . Girls ' sound was heavily inspired by the music of the 1950s , 1960s and 1970s , with their sound being described as lo-fi , surf rock , rock and roll , psychedelic rock , pop rock , country rock and garage rock .   Girls ' debut full-length , Album , was released in 2009 to critical acclaim . Its 2011 follow-up , Father , Son , Holy Ghost , was also well-received . On July 2 , 2012 , Owens announced that he was leaving the band and would continue to record as a solo artist .

neg: Little Sister (band) Little Sister was an American all-female vocal harmony group , which served primarily as the background vocalists for the influential rock/funk band Sly and the Family Stone in concert and on record . Originally a gospel music group called The Heavenly Tones , Little Sister was composed of Vet Stewart ( Family Stone frontman Sly Stone 's little sister ) , Mary McCreary , and Elva Mouton , and became a recording act of its own for a brief period in 1970-1971 .

neg: Girl Thing (album) Girl Thing is the self-titled debut and only studio album by British-Dutch girl group Girl Thing . The album is a mix of 2000s girl pop and 1970s disco . It features 16 tracks including the singles `` Last One Standing '' , `` Girls on Top '' and `` Young , Free and Happy '' , which was only released in Australia and New Zealand . The album is notable in that it includes the song `` Pure and Simple '' , which was released as the debut single by Popstars winners Hear ` Say and went on to sell over 1 million copies .   Although Girl Thing are an English group , due to poor sales of their second single , `` Girls on Top '' , the album was not initially released in the UK . It was however finally released to UK iTunes 13 years after its original release , coinciding with the group 's appearance on the ITV2 television series The Big Reunion .

neg: A Little Bit `` A Little Bit '' is a song recorded by American recording artist Jessica Simpson . It was written by Kara DioGuardi , Steve Morales and David Siegel , and was produced by Morales along with Ric Wake . The song was released as the second and final single from Simpson 's second studio album Irresistible ( 2001 ) , on October 29 , 2001 through Columbia Records . Musically , the song is a mid-tempo dance-pop song and the lyrics speak about the protagonist wanting changes in a relationship she is in .   The song received mostly positive reviews from music critics ; most of them appreciated the song 's production . It failed to chart in the United States , but reached number sixty-two on Australian Singles Chart . An accompanying music video , directed by Hype Williams , shows Simpson dancing on a futuristic dance floor , along with her backup dancers . Simpson performed the song on her DreamChaser Tour ( 2001 ) , the 2001 Jingle Bell Bash and a few televised shows .   `` A Little Bit '' was covered by Welsh singer Rosie Ribbons for her unreleased album Misbehaving . Her version was released as a single through Telstar Records and peaked at number nineteen on the UK Singles Chart . The single was promoted through a promotional music video , which shows Ribbons performing dance routines with her dancers , and live performances on various televised appearances like CD : UK and Top of the Pops and Smile .

neg: Little Machines Little Machines is the third studio album by Canadian electropop singer-songwriter Lights , released on September 23 , 2014 through Warner Bros. . Records . It was preceded in July 2014 by the release of its lead single `` Up We Go '' , which debuted on the Canadian Hot 100 at 84 . In October 2014 , Little Machines debuted on the Canadian Albums Chart at No. 5 , and on the US Billboard 200 at No. 34 . The album sold 8,500 copies in its first week in Canada . On March 15 , 2015 , ` Little Machines ' won the ` Pop Album of the Year ' award at the 2015 JUNO Awards . The album title comes from a lyric in the song `` Running with the Boys '' .

neg: The Pussycat Dolls discography The discography of American girl group The Pussycat Dolls consists of two studio albums , one extended play , two live albums , 14 singles , two promotional singles and 13 music videos . To date , the group has sold 15 million albums and 40 million singles worldwide .   In 2003 , Robin Antin struck a joint venture with Interscope Records to develop the Pussycat Dolls into a recording group . In 2004 , the group made their musical debut by releasing a cover of `` Sway '' , for the soundtrack to the film , Shall We Dance ? .   Their self-titled debut album was released in September 2005 and it peaked at number five on the Billboard 200 . It earned double platinum certification in the United States by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , and 3 × platinum in Australia by the Australian Recording Industry Association ( ARIA ) , and 4 × platinum the United Kingdom by the British Phonographic Industry ( BPI ) . The album 's lead single , `` Do n't Cha '' , peaked atop the charts in 15 countries and reached number two on the Billboard Hot 100 and was certified platinum by the RIAA . Its follow-up singles , `` Stickwitu '' and `` Buttons '' were also a commercial success peaking in the top five on charts worldwide . After the success of their debut album , The Pussycat Dolls released their first video album , Pussycat Dolls : Live from London in 2006 to coincide with the group 's headlining world tour . As of 2008 , PCD has sold 3 million copies in the United States .   After a three-year hiatus in hopes to further Scherzinger 's own solo career , the group reunited to record their second and final studio album , Doll Domination in September 2008 . Scherzinger began to receive a larger input in the recording process as co-writer and co-producer of the album . Doll Domination garnered a higher peak position than PCD of number four on Billboard 200 , but failed to match its predecessor 's commercial success . Its lead single `` When I Grow Up '' became another top ten single for the group . `` I Hate This Part '' was released as the second single and managed to attain similar success . In early 2009 , Doll Domination was re-released as two compilation albums . The lead single from Doll Domination 2.0 was `` Jai Ho ! ( You Are My Destiny ) '' which reached number one in 17 countries and follow-up single `` Hush Hush ; Hush Hush '' reached the top 20 worldwide . In 2010 , the original recording group line-up disbanded .

neg: In the Mix In the Mix may refer to :   In the Mix ( film ) , a film starring Usher  In the Mix ( TV series ) , an American program for teenagers  The Best of 10 Years - 32 Superhits , a 1986 album by Boney M. re-released in 2008 as In the Mix

neg: Little My Little My ( original Swedish : Lilla My ( literally : `` little mu '' ) is a character in the Moomin series of books by Tove Jansson . The character first appeared in the fourth book , The Exploits of Moominpappa ( 1950 ) . She is a small , determined and fiercely independent Mymble . Little My is brash , aggressive , mischievous and disrespectful , but can also be a good friend when she wants to . She is the Mymble 's daughter 's younger sister . She was eventually adopted by the Moomin family .   The name Little My originated from the twelfth letter of the Greek alphabet : μ ( Mu ) -- transliterated as my and pronounced in Swedish . In the metric system , lowercase mu μ , meaning `` one-millionth '' , represents the prefix `` micro - '' , from the Greek μικρός ( mikrós ) , meaning `` small '' .

neg: Some Girls (band) For the punk band see Some Girls ( California band ) .   Some Girls ( formed in 2001 ) is an American indie rock trio composed of Juliana Hatfield ( guitar and vocals ) , Heidi Gluck ( electric bass guitar , keyboard , harmonica , lap steel guitar , and vocals ) and Freda Love Smith ( drums and vocals ) . The group 's songs are generally melodic , upbeat , and lighthearted .   The group released first album , Feel It , in 2003 and toured the United States . Their second album , Crushing Love , was released in July 2006 on Koch Records . The release includes a DVD containing tour and studio footage .

neg: TMS (production team) TMS are an English songwriting and record production team composed of Tom ` Froe ' Barnes , Ben Kohn and Peter ` Merf ' Kelleher , originating from West London . They are the writing/production team behind G-Eazy and Bebe Rexha 's `` Me , Myself & I '' , Jess Glynne 's `` Do n't Be So Hard On Yourself '' , Sigma 's `` Changing '' , Professor Green 's `` Read All About It '' , Emeli Sandé 's `` Read All About It , Pt . III '' , Little Mix 's `` Wings '' and Dappy 's `` No Regrets '' which on 25 September 2011 , became the eleventh homegrown chart topper in a row , eclipsing a record set in 1963 when UK artists held the number one spot for an uninterrupted run of ten singles . Their records played major roles in Sandé and Little Mix breaking chart records , the former in the UK ( the longest ever stay in the top 10 of the UK Albums Chart ) and the latter in the US ( first album from British girl group to go straight into US album chart top 5 ) .

neg: You Gotta Not (Little Mix song) `` You Got ta Not '' is a song by English girl group Little Mix from their fourth studio album Glory Days ( 2016 ) . It was co-written by American recording artist Meghan Trainor .

neg: Mixed Mixed is the past tense of mix . It may also refer to :  Mixed breed ( disambiguation ) , an animal whose parents are from different breeds or species  Mixed anomaly , in theoretical physics , an example of an anomaly  Mixed data sampling , an econometric model developed by Ghysels  Mixed Doubles ( play ) , a 1969 play that was first performed  Mixed drink , see cocktail  Mixed feelings , ambivalence  Mixed forest , see Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests  Mixed gauge , see Dual gauge  Mixed government , a form of government that integrated facets of democracy , oligarchy , and monarchy  Mixed inhibition , a combination of two different types of reversible enzyme inhibition  Mixed language , a language that arises when two languages are in contact  Mixed martial arts , a combat sport in which two competitors use different martial arts for fighting  Mixed media , in visual art , refers to an artwork in the making of which more than one medium has been employed  Mixed metaphor , see Metaphor ( language )  Mixed oxide fuel , see Nuclear reprocessing  Mixed reality , the merging of real world and virtual worlds  Mixed spices , a common sweet blend of spices  Mixed strategy , used in game theory economics  Mixtape , a home-made compilation of songs  Multiracial , a person who is of multiple races  Mixed ( United Kingdom ethnicity category ) , an ethnicity category that has been used by the United Kingdom 's Office for National Statistics since the 1991 Census  Mixed ( album ) , a compilation album of two avant-garde jazz sessions featuring performances by the Cecil Taylor Unit and the Roswell Rudd Sextet  Mixed Terrain Cycle-Touring , cycling over a variety of surfaces and topography on a single route , with a single bicycle  Mixed anxiety-depressive disorder , a diagnostic category defining patients who suffer from both anxiety and depressive symptoms of limited and equal intensity accompanied by at least some autonomic features  Mixed model , a statistical model containing both fixed effects and random effects , that is mixed effects  Mixed train , a train that hauls both passenger and freight cars or wagons  Audio mixing ( recorded music ) , the process of combining and balancing multiple sound sources  Mixed-sex education , e.g. as in `` mixed school ''

neg: Beer Mixes A beer mix usually refers to a beer-based drink which also includes one or more other taste components ; the actual beer content is usually 40 to 70 per cent . The beer mix market is characterised by a wide range of products e.g. beer with cola , lemon , various lemonades , fruit juices etc. .   Today , beer mixes are an established part of German drinking culture and are popular amongst all age groups due to the wide range of flavours and varieties . The main target group is young adults . They are , however , enjoyed by consumers of all ages , from early adulthood up to old age . Beer mixes are available in alcoholic as well as non-alcoholic versions .

neg: Change Your Life (Little Mix song) `` Change Your Life '' is a song recorded by British girl group Little Mix for their debut studio album , DNA ( 2012 ) . It was written by Richard `` Biff '' Stannard , Tim Powell , Ash Howes and Little Mix , while its production was handled by Stannard and Powell . `` Change Your Life '' was written while the group were on The X Factor Tour and it was the first song composed for the album . It was written based on the group 's experience on The X Factor and their fans . Syco serviced the song , the third single from DNA , to radio stations in the United Kingdom on 5 January 2013 . It was released for digital download on 15 February 2013 . The song has themes of girl power , perseverance and self-empowerment .   A mid-tempo pop power ballad , `` Change Your Life '' exhibits the influence of soul and urban contemporary music . Instrumentation includes tumbling R&B piano lines and a pulsating , driving backbeat . The contemporary sound provided by its instrumentation has similarities to several songs produced by Coldplay and Ryan Tedder . `` Change Your Life '' attracted mixed to positive reviews from critics , most of whom considered it a highlight on DNA , commending the group 's harmonies and the song 's inspirational lyrics . Some reviewers , however , felt that it was weak and poor alternative to the album 's lead single , `` Wings '' ( 2012 ) .   `` Change Your Life '' reached number 12 in Ireland and the United Kingdom , becoming Little Mix 's fourth consecutive top 20 hit in both countries . It also became their second top ten hit in Australia , peaking at number 8 . `` Change Your Life '' was certified platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association . The accompanying music video was released on 31 January 2013 . Filmed backstage at the group 's DNA Tour and on their tour bus , it shows the group bonding with each other . Met with mixed reviews , critics likened it to Spice Girls ' 1997 music video , `` Mama '' . Little Mix have performed `` Change Your Life '' on television shows Dancing on Ice , The Graham Norton Show and This Morning and during their DNA Tour ( 2013 ) .

neg: Girl Friends (band) Girl Friends is a K-Pop group made up of real-life friends , Yuri and Chae Rina . They released two albums with mixed success ; their debut single was `` Maybe I Love You . ''


query: Cancer can be prevented by maintaining a healthy weight.

pos: Cancer Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body . Not all tumors are cancerous ; benign tumors do not spread to other parts of the body . Possible signs and symptoms include a lump , abnormal bleeding , prolonged cough , unexplained weight loss and a change in bowel movements . While these symptoms may indicate cancer , they may have other causes . Over 100 types of cancers affect humans .   Tobacco use is the cause of about 22 % of cancer deaths . Another 10 % is due to obesity , poor diet , lack of physical activity , and excessive drinking of alcohol . Other factors include certain infections , exposure to ionizing radiation and environmental pollutants . In the developing world nearly 20 % of cancers are due to infections such as hepatitis B , hepatitis C and human papillomavirus ( HPV ) . These factors act , at least partly , by changing the genes of a cell . Typically many genetic changes are required before cancer develops . Approximately 5 -- 10 % of cancers are due to inherited genetic defects from a person 's parents . Cancer can be detected by certain signs and symptoms or screening tests . It is then typically further investigated by medical imaging and confirmed by biopsy .   Many cancers can be prevented by not smoking , maintaining a healthy weight , not drinking too much alcohol , eating plenty of vegetables , fruits and whole grains , vaccination against certain infectious diseases , not eating too much processed and red meat , and avoiding too much sunlight exposure . Early detection through screening is useful for cervical and colorectal cancer . The benefits of screening in breast cancer are controversial . Cancer is often treated with some combination of radiation therapy , surgery , chemotherapy , and targeted therapy . Pain and symptom management are an important part of care . Palliative care is particularly important in people with advanced disease . The chance of survival depends on the type of cancer and extent of disease at the start of treatment . In children under 15 at diagnosis the five-year survival rate in the developed world is on average 80 % . For cancer in the United States the average five-year survival rate is 66 % .   In 2015 about 90.5 million people had cancer . About 14.1 million new cases occur a year ( not including skin cancer other than melanoma ) . It caused about 8.8 million deaths ( 15.7 % ) of human deaths . The most common types of cancer in males are lung cancer , prostate cancer , colorectal cancer and stomach cancer . In females , the most common types are breast cancer , colorectal cancer , lung cancer and cervical cancer . If skin cancer other than melanoma were included in total new cancers each year it would account for around 40 % of cases . In children , acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and brain tumors are most common except in Africa where non-Hodgkin lymphoma occurs more often . In 2012 , about 165,000 children under 15 years of age were diagnosed with cancer . The risk of cancer increases significantly with age and many cancers occur more commonly in developed countries . Rates are increasing as more people live to an old age and as lifestyle changes occur in the developing world . The financial costs of cancer were estimated at $ 1.16 trillion US dollars per year as of 2010 .

neg: Healthy Lifestyles for High School Students Health and fitness are dominating western culture , and while adults are able to communicate with or hire trained professionals to assist in their journeys to overall health , many teenagers and students do not have access to the resources necessary to answer any questions they may have , or point them in the right direction when starting on their road to fitness . This Wikipedia page aims to teach all those who read it how to create and maintain a healthy lifestyle , regardless of your financial status , schedule , or location .   Highlights :  What is a Healthy Diet ?  Establishing Goals  Creating a Diet/Exercise Plan  Maintaining a Healthy Diet  Finding Time to Exercise  Measuring Progress

neg: Liver cancer Liver cancer , also known as hepatic cancer and primary hepatic cancer , is cancer that starts in the liver . Cancer which has spread from elsewhere to the liver , known as liver metastasis , is more common than that which starts in the liver . Symptoms of liver cancer may include a lump or pain in the right side below the rib cage , swelling of the abdomen , yellowish skin , easy bruising , weight loss , and weakness .   The leading cause of liver cancer is cirrhosis due to hepatitis B , hepatitis C , or alcohol . Other causes include aflatoxin , non-alcoholic fatty liver disease , and liver flukes . The most common types are hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC ) , which makes up 80 % of cases , and cholangiocarcinoma . Less common types include mucinous cystic neoplasm and intraductal papillary biliary neoplasm . The diagnosis may be supported by blood tests and medical imaging with confirmation by tissue biopsy .   Preventive efforts include immunization against hepatitis B and treating those infected with hepatitis B or C. Screening is recommended in those with chronic liver disease . Treatment options may include surgery , targeted therapy , and radiation therapy . In certain cases ablation therapy , embolization therapy , or liver transplantation may be used . Small lumps in the liver may be simply closely followed .   Primary liver cancer is globally the sixth most frequent cancer ( 6 % ) and the second leading cause of death from cancer ( 9 % ) . In 2012 it occurred in 782,000 people and in 2015 resulted in 810,500 deaths . In 2015 , 263,000 deaths from liver cancer were due to hepatitis B , 167,000 to hepatitis C , and 245,000 to alcohol . Higher rates of liver cancer occur where hepatitis B and C are common , including Asia and sub-Saharan Africa . Males are more often affected with HCC than females . Diagnosis is most frequent among those 55 to 65 years old . Five-year survival rates are 18 % in the United States . The word `` hepatic '' is from the Greek hêpar , meaning `` liver . ''

neg: George L. Blackburn George L. Blackburn , MD , PhD , was the S. Daniel Abraham Professor of Nutrition and Associate Director of the Division of Nutrition at Harvard Medical School . He was also Director of the Center for the Study of Nutrition Medicine ( CSNM ) in the Roberta and Stephen R. Weiner Department of Surgery , and Director of the new Feihe Nutrition Laboratory at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center ( BIDMC ) , Boston , Massachusetts .   CSNM has a long history of giving health care providers and the public clear , actionable information on healthy living and the prevention and treatment of overweight , obesity , and their related comorbidities . The Feihe Nutrition Laboratory will carry out research on the connection between diet , nutrition , and cognition across the human lifespan . Specific areas to be addressed are the nutritional demands of infant brain development ; promotion of infant gastrointestinal health and nutrient absorption ; development of novel nutritional components of infant formula ; research on lactose and infant brain development ; and studies on obese and/or diabetic mothers and infants at high risk of obesity and diabetes .   Dr. Blackburn 's research spanned the full range of scientific endeavors . These include the role of fatty acids and proteins on energy biochemistry , the nutrient effects of bioactive components on cellular and molecular function , the metabolic correlates of weight loss following surgical treatment of obesity , and the neurocognitive bases of exercise and eating behavior . Multidisciplinary collaborations and the dissemination of best practices in surgical , nonsurgical , and neurocognitive interventions for the treatment of obesity and obesity-related diseases are ongoing priorities . The launch of the Feihe Nutrition Laboratory will enable Dr. Blackburn to revisit research on foods for special dietary purposes , including the reengineering of formula diets using the new sciences of gut microbiota and probiotics .   In 1965 , he received his medical degree from the University of Kansas . He completed his internship and residency at Boston City Hospital , Harvard Medical School , and in 1973 , earned his doctorate in nutritional biochemistry from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology . In 2008 , he published the critically acclaimed weight loss book , `` Break Through Your Set Point . How to Finally Lose the Weight you Want and Keep it Off '' . He was a director of EChO - Eradicate Childhood Obesity Foundation , Inc. since 2015 .   He died from melignant melanoma on 20 February 2017 at the age of 81 .

neg: Cure A cure is the end of a medical condition ; the substance or procedure that ends the medical condition , such as a medication , a surgical operation , a change in lifestyle , or even a philosophical mindset that helps end a person 's sufferings ; or the state of being healed , or cured .   A remission is a temporary end to the medical signs and symptoms of an incurable disease . A disease is said to be incurable if there is always a chance of the patient relapsing , no matter how long the patient has been in remission . An incurable disease may or may not be a terminal illness ; conversely , a curable illness can still result in the patient 's death .   The proportion of people with a disease that are cured by a given treatment , called the cure fraction or cure rate , is determined by comparing disease-free survival of treated people against a matched control group that never had the disease .   Another way of determining the cure fraction and/or `` cure time '' is by measuring when the hazard rate in a diseased group of individuals returns to the hazard rate measured in the general population .   Inherent in the idea of a cure is the permanent end to the specific instance of the disease . When a person has the common cold , and then recovers from it , the person is said to be cured , even though the person might someday catch another cold . Conversely , a person that has successfully managed a disease , such as diabetes mellitus , so that it produces no undesirable symptoms for the moment , but without actually permanently ending it , is not cured .   Related concepts , whose meaning can differ , include response , remission and recovery .

neg: Psycho-oncology Psycho-oncology is a field of interdisciplinary study and practice at the intersection of lifestyle , psychology and oncology . It is concerned with aspects of cancer that go beyond medical treatment and include lifestyle , psychological and social aspects of cancer . Sometimes it is also referred to as psychosocial oncology or behavioral oncology because it deals with psychosocial and behavioral topics . The field is concerned both with the effects of cancer on a person 's psychological health as well as the social and behavioral factors that may affect the disease process of cancer and/or the remission of it .   This is where the effects of :  Chemobrain or post-chemotherapy cognitive impairment `` PCCI '' would be addressed .  Radiation induced cognitive decline issues .  Placebo effect and the nocebo effect will be studied .  Self care issues are studied .  Transition to survivorship phase of cancer journey ( See : Cancer survivor )   Psycho-oncology , as a subspeciality , addresses the two major psychological dimensions of cancer : the psychological responses of patients to cancer at all stages of the disease and that of their families and caretakers ( called oncopsychology ) ; and the psychological , behavioral and social factors that may influence the disease process ( called psychosocial-oncology ) .   Psycho-oncology is an area of multi-disciplinary interest and has boundaries with the major specialities in oncology : the clinical disciplines ( surgery , medicine , pediatrics , radiotherapy ) , epidemiology , immunology , endocrinology , biology , pathology , bioethics , palliative care , rehabilitation medicine , clinical trials research and decision making , as well as psychiatry and psychology .

neg: Diabetes mellitus Diabetes mellitus ( DM ) , commonly referred to as diabetes , is a group of metabolic diseases in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period . Symptoms of high blood sugar include frequent urination , increased thirst , and increased hunger . If left untreated , diabetes can cause many complications . Acute complications can include diabetic ketoacidosis , nonketotic hyperosmolar coma , or death . Serious long-term complications include heart disease , stroke , chronic kidney failure , foot ulcers , and damage to the eyes .   Diabetes is due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin or the cells of the body not responding properly to the insulin produced . There are three main types of diabetes mellitus :  Type 1 DM results from the pancreas 's failure to produce enough insulin . This form was previously referred to as `` insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus '' ( IDDM ) or `` juvenile diabetes '' . The cause is unknown .  Type 2 DM begins with insulin resistance , a condition in which cells fail to respond to insulin properly . As the disease progresses a lack of insulin may also develop . This form was previously referred to as `` non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus '' ( NIDDM ) or `` adult-onset diabetes '' . The most common cause is excessive body weight and not enough exercise .  Gestational diabetes is the third main form and occurs when pregnant women without a previous history of diabetes develop high blood sugar levels .   Prevention and treatment involve maintaining a healthy diet , regular physical exercise , a normal body weight , and avoiding use of tobacco . Control of blood pressure and maintaining proper foot care are important for people with the disease . Type 1 DM must be managed with insulin injections . Type 2 DM may be treated with medications with or without insulin . Insulin and some oral medications can cause low blood sugar . Weight loss surgery in those with obesity is sometimes an effective measure in those with type 2 DM . Gestational diabetes usually resolves after the birth of the baby .   , an estimated 415 million people had diabetes worldwide , with type 2 DM making up about 90 % of the cases . This represents 8.3 % of the adult population , with equal rates in both women and men . , trends suggested the rate would continue to rise . Diabetes at least doubles a person 's risk of early death . From 2012 to 2015 , approximately 1.5 to 5.0 million deaths each year resulted from diabetes . The global economic cost of diabetes in 2014 was estimated to be billion . In the United States , diabetes cost $ 245 billion in 2012 .

neg: Alternative cancer treatments Alternative cancer treatments are alternative or complementary treatments for cancer that have not been approved by the government agencies responsible for the regulation of therapeutic goods . They include diet and exercise , chemicals , herbs , devices , and manual procedures . The treatments are not supported by evidence , either because no proper testing has been conducted , or because testing did not demonstrate statistically significant efficacy . Concerns have been raised about the safety of some of them . Some treatments that have been proposed in the past have been found in clinical trials to be useless or unsafe . Some of these obsolete or disproven treatments continue to be promoted , sold , and used . Promoting or marketing such treatments is illegal in most of the developed world including the United States and European Union .   A distinction is typically made between complementary treatments which do not disrupt conventional medical treatment , and alternative treatments which may replace conventional treatment .  Alternative cancer treatments are typically contrasted with experimental cancer treatments -- which are treatments for which experimental testing is underway -- and with complementary treatments , which are non-invasive practices used alongside other treatment . All approved chemotherapeutic cancer treatments were considered experimental cancer treatments before their safety and efficacy testing was completed .   Since the 1940s , medical science has developed chemotherapy , radiation therapy , adjuvant therapy and the newer targeted therapies , as well as refined surgical techniques for removing cancer . Before the development of these modern , evidence-based treatments , 90 % of cancer patients died within five years . With modern mainstream treatments , only 34 % of cancer patients die within five years . However , while mainstream forms of cancer treatment generally prolong life or permanently cure cancer , most treatments also have side effects ranging from unpleasant to fatal , such as pain , blood clots , fatigue , and infection . These side effects and the lack of a guarantee that treatment will be successful create appeal for alternative treatments for cancer , which purport to cause fewer side effects or to increase survival rates .   Alternative cancer treatments have typically not undergone properly conducted , well-designed clinical trials , or the results have not been published due to publication bias ( a refusal to publish results of a treatment outside that journal 's focus area , guidelines or approach ) . Among those that have been published , the methodology is often poor . A 2006 systematic review of 214 articles covering 198 clinical trials of alternative cancer treatments concluded that almost none conducted dose-ranging studies , which are necessary to ensure that the patients are being given a useful amount of the treatment . These kinds of treatments appear and vanish frequently , and have throughout history .

neg: Cardiovascular disease in China Cardiac disease in China is on the rise . Though incidences of heart disease have increased faster in the city than in the countryside , rural morbidity and mortality rates are now on the rise as well . Health statistics shows that the ischemic heart disease mortality rate in rural China has approximately doubled since 1988 .   Unlike in developed countries , there is no preventive or primary health care system in place to stop the rise of cardiac disease . The real extent of heart disease in rural China is unknown because statistics are fraught with error and bias due to difficulties in ascertaining cause of death in places where 90 % die without seeing a doctor . Therefore , there is a need to ascertain the real incidence and prevalence of heart disease and to develop adequate preventive and primary care in the Chinese countryside .

neg: Metabolically healthy obesity Metabolically healthy obesity or metabolically-healthy obesity ( MHO ) is a debatable medical condition characterized by obesity which does not produce metabolic complications .

neg: Adherence management coaching Adherence management coaching ( AdM coaching ) is an evidence-based applied behavioral approach for significantly improving patient adherence and reducing unplanned hospital readmissions . It is based on the research and work of Bob Wright , Aubrey Daniels and BF Skinner . AdM coaches identify patients at high risk for readmission as a direct result of not following their discharge plan . Once identified , AdM Coaches work with these patients ( patient engagement ) to identify consequences ( consequence analysis ) with their plan of care that might result in non-adherence . Together , with their provider , AdM Coaches establish a patient centered adherence improvement plan ( AIP ) . The AIP is used to identify target behaviors , desired results ( clinical outcomes ) and reinforcers that support following their plan of care and developing adherent habits . Following hospital discharge , at-risk patients , and their families , are followed and coached by an AdM Coach for several months as the adherent replacement habits are developed and strengthened .   Home and work environments are filled with cues of a lifetime of habits . While meeting with at-risk patients and their families , AdM coaches identify these cues and work with the family to replace them and reinforce healthier habits . All new behaviors , if not reinforced , will return to the life-style habits that contributed to hospitalization in the first place . Adherence management provides a coaching toolkit to be used in conjunction with Teachback , motivational interviewing , pill counting , biochemical measurements , pharmacy data-base of usage and Directly Observed Treatment Short course ( DOTS ) .   Worldwide , half of all patients choose to not follow their plan of care . Current programs , like the teach-back method , focus on teaching all patients , just prior to their discharge , the new information they need to follow to once they go home . Motivational Interviewing takes more nurse educator time as together , with the patient , they attempt to identify and overcome areas of ambivalence concerning their disease process and plan of care . Other programs focus on alerting devices and pill-minders to aid patients in remembering to take their medications on time . At best , these `` cues '' or antecedents have had a marginal impact on improving adherence .   The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services has extended provider responsibility and accountability well beyond the front doors of clinics and hospitals . CMS , in responding to a hospital question concerning levels of responsibility following discharge , responded writing , `` Post discharge care is a joint responsibility . ''   Punitive programs have been established within the Affordable Care Act of 2010 as a `` quality incentive '' to create change . Hospitals with readmitted patients , above an allowable range and within 30 days of discharge , lose a 4 % `` Quality Withhold '' . A significant number of these readmissions , because of a lack of post-discharge transitional care coordination and patient engagement , will be the result of non-adherence to their discharge plan . Punishing hospitals for patient non-adherence may have some effect on hospital behavior , but little or no impact on improving patient adherence .

neg: Long-term effects of alcohol consumption The long-term effects of alcohol ( ethanol ) consumption range from cardioprotective health benefits for low to moderate alcohol consumption in industrialized societies with higher rates of cardiovascular disease to severe detrimental effects in cases of chronic alcohol abuse . Health effects associated with alcohol intake in large amounts include an increased risk of alcoholism , malnutrition , chronic pancreatitis , alcoholic liver disease , and cancer . In addition , damage to the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system can occur from chronic alcohol abuse . The long-term use of alcohol is capable of damaging nearly every organ and system in the body . The developing adolescent brain is particularly vulnerable to the toxic effects of alcohol . In addition , the developing fetal brain is also vulnerable , and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders ( FASDs ) may result if pregnant mothers consume alcohol .   The inverse relation in Western cultures between alcohol consumption and cardiovascular disease has been known for over 100 years . Many physicians do not promote alcohol consumption , however , given the many health concerns associated with it , some suggest that alcohol should be regarded as a recreational drug , and promote exercise and good nutrition to combat cardiovascular disease . Others have argued that the benefits of moderate alcohol consumption may be outweighed by other increased risks , including those of injuries , violence , fetal damage , liver disease , and certain forms of cancer .   Withdrawal effects and dependence are also almost identical . Alcohol at moderate levels has some positive and negative effects on health . The negative effects include increased risk of liver diseases , oropharyngeal cancer , esophageal cancer and pancreatitis . Conversely moderate intake of alcohol may have some beneficial effects on gastritis and cholelithiasis . Of the total number of deaths and diseases caused by alcohol , most happen to the majority of the population who are moderate drinkers , rather than the heavy drinker minority . Chronic alcohol misuse and abuse has serious effects on physical and mental health . Chronic excess alcohol intake , or alcohol dependence , can lead to a wide range of neuropsychiatric or neurological impairment , cardiovascular disease , liver disease , and malignant neoplasms . The psychiatric disorders which are associated with alcoholism include major depression , dysthymia , mania , hypomania , panic disorder , phobias , generalized anxiety disorder , personality disorders , schizophrenia , suicide , neurologic deficits ( e.g. impairments of working memory , emotions , executive functions , visuospatial abilities and gait and balance ) and brain damage . Alcohol dependence is associated with hypertension , coronary heart disease , and ischemic stroke , cancer of the respiratory system , and also cancers of the digestive system , liver , breast and ovaries . Heavy drinking is associated with liver disease , such as cirrhosis . Excessive alcohol consumption can have a negative impact on aging .   Recent studies have focused on understanding the mechanisms by which moderate alcohol consumption confers cardiovascular benefit .

neg: Breast cancer management Breast cancer treatment takes different approaches depending on the conditions . The mainstay of breast cancer treatment is surgery when the tumor is localized , followed by chemotherapy ( when indicated ) , radiotherapy , and , for ER-positive tumours , adjuvant hormonal therapy ( with tamoxifen or an aromatase inhibitor ) . Management of breast cancer is undertaken by a multidisciplinary team based on national and international guidelines . Depending on clinical criteria ( age , type of cancer , size , presence or absence of metastasis ) patients are roughly divided to high risk and low risk cases , with each risk category following different rules for therapy . Treatment possibilities include radiation therapy , chemotherapy , hormone therapy , and immune therapy .

neg: Fat Fat is one of the three main macronutrients , along with carbohydrate and protein . '' '' Fats , also known as triglycerides , are esters of three fatty acid chains and the alcohol glycerol . The terms `` oil '' , `` fat '' , and `` lipid '' are often confused . `` Oil '' normally refers to a fat with short or unsaturated fatty acid chains that is liquid at room temperature , while `` fat '' may specifically refer to fats that are solids at room temperature . `` Lipid '' is the general term , though a lipid is not necessarily a triglyceride . Fats , like other lipids , are generally hydrophobic , and are soluble in organic solvents and insoluble in water .   Fat is an important foodstuff for many forms of life , and fats serve both structural and metabolic functions . They are a necessary part of the diet of most heterotrophs ( including humans ) . Some fatty acids that are set free by the digestion of fats are called essential because they can not be synthesized in the body from simpler constituents . There are two essential fatty acids ( EFAs ) in human nutrition : alpha-linolenic acid ( an omega-3 fatty acid ) and linoleic acid ( an omega-6 fatty acid ) . Other lipids needed by the body can be synthesized from these and other fats . Fats and other lipids are broken down in the body by enzymes called lipases produced in the pancreas .   Fats and oils are categorized according to the number and bonding of the carbon atoms in the aliphatic chain . Fats that are saturated fats have no double bonds between the carbons in the chain . Unsaturated fats have one or more double bonded carbons in the chain . The nomenclature is based on the non-acid ( non-carbonyl ) end of the chain . This end is called the omega end or the n-end . Thus alpha-linolenic acid is called an omega-3 fatty acid because the 3rd carbon from that end is the first double bonded carbon in the chain counting from that end . Some oils and fats have multiple double bonds and are therefore called polyunsaturated fats . Unsaturated fats can be further divided into cis fats , which are the most common in nature , and trans fats , which are rare in nature . Unsaturated fats can be altered by reaction with hydrogen effected by a catalyst . This action , called hydrogenation , tends to break all the double bonds and makes a fully saturated fat . To make vegetable shortening , then , liquid cis '' - unsaturated fats such as vegetable oils are hydrogenated to produce saturated fats , which have more desirable physical properties e.g. , they melt at a desirable temperature ( 30 -- 40 ° C ) , and store well , whereas polyunsaturated oils go rancid when they react with oxygen in the air . However , trans fats are generated during hydrogenation as contaminants created by an unwanted side reaction on the catalyst during partial hydrogenation .   Saturated fats can stack themselves in a closely packed arrangement , so they can solidify easily and are typically solid at room temperature . For example , animal fats tallow and lard are high in saturated fatty acid content and are solids . Olive and linseed oils on the other hand are unsaturated and liquid . Fats serve both as energy sources for the body , and as stores for energy in excess of what the body needs immediately . Each gram of fat when burned or metabolized releases about 9 food calories ( 37 kJ = 8.8 kcal ) . Fats are broken down in the healthy body to release their constituents , glycerol and fatty acids . Glycerol itself can be converted to glucose by the liver and so become a source of energy .

neg: Warburg hypothesis The Warburg hypothesis ( -LSB- ˈvɑrbʊərg -RSB- ) , sometimes known as the Warburg theory of cancer , postulates that the driver of tumorigenesis is an insufficient cellular respiration caused by insult to mitochondria . The term Warburg effect describes the observation that cancer cells , and many cells grown in-vitro , exhibit glucose fermentation even when enough oxygen is present to properly respire . In other words , instead of fully respiring in the presence of adequate oxygen , cancer cells ferment . The Warburg hypothesis was that the Warburg effect was the root cause of cancer . The current popular opinion is that cancer cells ferment glucose while keeping up the same level of respiration that was present before the process of carcinogenesis , and thus the Warburg effect would be defined as the observation that cancer cells exhibit glycolysis with lactate secretion and mitochondrial respiration even in the presence of oxygen .

neg: Health effects of sunlight exposure The ultraviolet radiation in sunlight has both positive and negative health effects , as it is both a principal source of vitamin D3 and a mutagen . A dietary supplement can supply vitamin D without this mutagenic effect . Vitamin D has a wide range of positive health effects , which include strengthening bones and possibly inhibiting the growth of some cancers . UV exposure also has positive effects for endorphin levels , and possibly for protection against multiple sclerosis . Visible sunlight to the eyes gives health benefits through its association with the timing of melatonin synthesis , maintenance of normal and robust circadian rhythms , and reduced risk of seasonal affective disorder .   Long-term sunlight exposure is known to be associated with the development of skin cancer , skin aging , immune suppression , and eye diseases such as cataracts and macular degeneration . Short-term over-exposure is the cause of sunburn , snow blindness , and solar retinopathy .   UV rays , and therefore sunlight and sunlamps , are the only listed carcinogens that are known to have health benefits , and a number of public health organizations state that there needs to be a balance between the risks of having too much sunlight or too little . There is a general consensus that sunburn should always be avoided .

neg: Workplace wellness Workplace wellness is any workplace health promotion activity or organizational policy designed to support healthy behavior in the workplace and to improve health outcomes . Known as ` corporate wellbeing ' outside the US , workplace wellness often comprises activities such as health education , medical screenings , weight management programs , on-site fitness programs or facilities . These programs can be classified as primary , secondary , or tertiary health programs , depending on the goal of the specific program . Primary prevention programs usually target a fairly healthy employee population , and encourage them to more frequently engage in health behaviors that will encourage ongoing good health . Example of primary prevention programs include stress management , and exercise and healthy eating promotion . Secondary prevention programs are targeted at reducing behavior that is considered a risk factor for poor health . Examples of such programs include smoking cessation programs and screenings for high blood pressure or other cardiovascular disease related risk factors . Tertiary health programs address existing health problems , and aim to help control or reduce symptoms , or to help slow the progression of a disease or condition . Such programs might encourage employees to better adhere to specific medication or self-managed care guidelines . Workplace wellness programs can be categorized as primary , secondary , or tertiary prevention efforts , or an employer can implement programs that have elements of multiple types of prevention .   The lifestyles of people in the workforce are important both for the sake of their own health and for the sake of their employer 's productivity . Companies often subsidize these programs in the hope that they will save companies money in the long run by improving health , morale and productivity , although there is some controversy about evidence for the levels of return on investment .   Other examples of workplace wellness organizational policies include allowing flex-time for exercise , providing on-site kitchen and eating areas , offering healthy food options in vending machines , holding `` walk and talk '' meetings , and offering financial and other incentives for participation . In recent years , workplace wellness has been expanded from single health promotion interventions to create a more overall healthy environment including , for example standards of building and interior design to promote physical activity . This expansion is largely been in part to creating greater access and leadership support from leaders in the participating companies .   The following information comes from the Kaiser Family Foundation Summary of Findings from 2016 in order to provide current information about employer-sponsored health benefits , the Kaiser Family Foundation ( Kaiser ) and the Health Research & Educational Trust ( HRET ) conduct an annual survey of private and nonfederal public employers with three or more workers .   Many employers offer wellness or health promotion programs to help employees improve their health and avoid unhealthy behaviors . Both small and large firms offer a program in at least one of these areas : smoking cessation ; weight management ; behavioral or lifestyle coaching . 46 % of small firms and 83 % of large firms offer these . 3 % percent of small firms and 16 % of large firms reported collecting health information from employees through wearable devices like a Fitbit or Apple Watch . 42 % of large firms with one of these health and wellness programs offered employees a financial incentive to participate in or complete the program . Among most large firms with an incentive for completing wellness programs , incentives include : lower premium contributions or cost sharing ( 34 % of firms ) ; cash , contributions to health-related savings accounts , or merchandise ( 76 % of firms ) ; some other type of incentive ( 14 % of firms ) . Some firms separate financial incentives for different programs and some others have incentives that require participation in more than one type of program ( e.g. , completing an assessment and participating in a health promotion activity ) .   There are various types of Wellness Programs offered in firms . Biometric screening programs can help identify cardiovascular risk factors in clients . Larger firms or businesses tend to facilitate more incidences of biometric screening programs . This can be in part to the amount of leadership support that is encouraged by company leaders and then received by employees

neg: Nutrition and Cancer Nutrition and Cancer is a peer-reviewed medical journal covering research on the role of nutritional factors in causing or preventing cancer . It is published eight times a year by Routledge . According to the Journal Citation Reports , the journal has a 2014 impact factor of 2.322 .

neg: Cancer immunoprevention Cancer immunoprevention is the prevention of cancer onset with immunological means such as vaccines , immunostimulators or antibodies . Cancer immunoprevention is conceptually different from cancer immunotherapy , which aims at stimulating immunity in patients only after tumor onset , however the same immunological means can be used both in immunoprevention and in immunotherapy .

neg: Chemotherapy Chemotherapy ( often abbreviated to chemo and sometimes CTX or CTx ) is a category of cancer treatment that uses one or more anti-cancer drugs ( chemotherapeutic agents ) as part of a standardized chemotherapy regimen . Chemotherapy may be given with a curative intent ( which almost always involves combinations of drugs ) , or it may aim to prolong life or to reduce symptoms ( palliative chemotherapy ) . Chemotherapy is one of the major categories of the medical discipline specifically devoted to pharmacotherapy for cancer , which is called medical oncology .   By common usage , the term chemotherapy has come to connote the use of rather non-specific intracellular poisons , especially related to inhibiting the process of cell division known as mitosis , and generally excludes agents that more selectively block extracellular growth signals ( i.e. blockers of signal transduction ) . To avoid these connotations for recently developed ( against specific molecular or genetic targets ) therapies which inhibit of growth-promoting signals coming from classic endocrine hormones ( primarily estrogens for breast cancer and androgens for prostate cancer ) is known as hormonal therapy , while the inhibition of other growth-promoting influences ( especially those associated with receptor tyrosine kinases ) is known as targeted therapy .   Importantly , the use of drugs ( whether chemotherapy , hormonal therapy or targeted therapy ) constitutes systemic therapy for cancer in that they are introduced into the blood stream and are therefore in principle able to address cancer at any anatomic location in the body . Systemic therapy is often used in conjunction with other modalities that constitute local therapy ( i.e. treatments whose efficacy is confined to the anatomic area where they are applied ) for cancer such as radiation therapy , surgery and/or hyperthermia therapy .   Traditional chemotherapeutic agents are cytotoxic by means of interfering with cell division ( mitosis ) but cancer cells vary widely in their susceptibility to these agents . To a large extent , chemotherapy can be thought of as a way to damage or stress cells , which may then lead to cell death if apoptosis is initiated . Many of the side effects of chemotherapy can be traced to damage to normal cells that divide rapidly and are thus sensitive to anti-mitotic drugs : cells in the bone marrow , digestive tract and hair follicles . This results in the most common side-effects of chemotherapy : myelosuppression ( decreased production of blood cells , hence also immunosuppression ) , mucositis ( inflammation of the lining of the digestive tract ) , and alopecia ( hair loss ) . Because of the effect on immune cells ( especially lymphocytes ) , chemotherapy drugs often find use in a host of diseases that result from harmful overactivity of the immune system against self ( so-called autoimmunity ) . These include rheumatoid arthritis , systemic lupus erythematosus , multiple sclerosis , vasculitis and many others .

neg: Cancer prevention Cancer prevention is defined as active measures to decrease the risk of cancer . The vast majority of cancer cases are due to environmental risk factors , and many , but not all , of these environmental factors are controllable lifestyle choices . Greater than 30 % of cancer deaths could be prevented by avoiding risk factors including : tobacco , overweight / obesity , an insufficient diet , physical inactivity , alcohol , sexually transmitted infections , and air pollution . Not all environmental causes are controllable , such as naturally occurring background radiation , and other cases of cancer are caused through hereditary genetic disorders , and thus it is not possible to prevent all cases of cancer .


query: Two Tony Awards were won by Anne Bancroft.

pos: Anne Bancroft Anna Maria Louisa Italiano ( September 17 , 1931 -- June 6 , 2005 ) , known professionally as Anne Bancroft , was an American actress associated with the method acting school , having studied under Lee Strasberg . Respected for her acting prowess and versatility , Bancroft was acknowledged for her work in film , theatre and television . She won one Academy Award , three BAFTA Awards , two Golden Globes , two Tony Awards and two Emmy Awards , and several other awards and nominations .   After her film debut in Do n't Bother to Knock ( 1952 ) and a string of supporting film roles during the 1950s , she won an Academy Award for Best Actress for her lead role in The Miracle Worker ( 1962 ) as the teacher of teenage Helen Keller , reprising her role in the Broadway stage play . She won both an Oscar for her work in the film , and a Tony for the same role in the play . On Broadway in 1965 , she played a medieval nun obsessed with a priest ( Jason Robards ) in John Whiting 's play The Devils , based on the Aldous Huxley novel The Devils of Loudun . She was perhaps best known as the seductress , Mrs. Robinson , in The Graduate ( 1967 ) , a role that she later stated had come to overshadow her other work .   Bancroft received several other Oscar nominations and continued in lead roles until the late 1980s .  She played a ballet dancer in The Turning Point ( 1977 ) , and in Agnes of God ( 1985 ) , she played the mother superior of a convent who clashes with a psychiatrist played by Jane Fonda over dealings with a troubled young novice nun played by Meg Tilly . In 1987 , she starred with Anthony Hopkins in 84 Charing Cross Road . She appeared in several movies directed or produced by her second husband , comedian Mel Brooks , including the award-winning drama The Elephant Man as well as comedies To Be or Not to Be and Dracula : Dead and Loving It .   In the 1990s she returned to supporting roles in films , but continued to play lead roles in television films . She received Emmy and Screen Actors Guild Award nominations , for The Roman Spring of Mrs. Stone ( 2003 ) , as well as an Emmy nomination for 2001 's Haven .

neg: Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Musical The Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Musical is an annual award presented by The Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in commercial British theatre . The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976 , and , renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor Lord Olivier .

neg: Tony Award for Best Direction of a Play The Tony Award for Best Direction of a Play has been given since 1960 . Before 1960 there was only one award for both play direction and musical direction , then in 1960 the award was split into two categories : Dramatic and Musical . In 1976 the Dramatic category was renamed to Play . For pre-1960 direction awards please reference Tony Award for Best Director .

neg: 17th Tony Awards The 17th Annual Tony Awards took place on April 28 , 1963 , in the Hotel Americana Imperial Ballroom in New York City . The ceremony was broadcast on local television station WWOR-TV ( Channel 9 ) in New York City . The Masters of Ceremonies were Abe Burrows and Robert Morse .

neg: Blairstown Theater Festival The Blairstown Theater Festival operated from December 2006 through November 2007 at historic Roy 's Hall ( also known as Roy 's Theatre ) , a former silent movie theater built in 1913 at 30 Main Street in Blairstown , New Jersey .   On July 13 , 2007 , the company attracted considerable media attention when they presented three screenings of the classic horror film , Friday the 13th , which was shot in and around Blairstown in the fall of 1979 . Roy 's Hall appears in the film shortly after the opening credits .   The company 's January 2007 production of Letters from the Inside was selected by The Star-Ledger as one of the top five new plays of the 2006 -- 2007 New Jersey theater season and actress Kelli Ambrose , who played Mandy in Letters from the Inside , was selected as one of the top five Best Leading Actresses in a Play .   Among the other concerts and productions presented by the Blairstown Theater Festival were Nancy Anderson singing early Broadway songs backed by the Baroque Orchestra of North Jersey ( Baroque to Broadway ) , the Still River Band in Concert , Malachy McCourt and Jarlath Conroy in A Couple of Blaguards , Betsy Palmer and Will Hutchins in A.R. Gurney 's Love Letters , the New Jersey premiere of I Am Anne Frank , and concerts by cabaret performers KT Sullivan ( Vienna to Weimar ) , John O'Neil ( ` So Kaye ) , the Western Wind Vocal Ensemble ( Holiday Light ) , Cris Groenendaal ( Music of the Night ) , Jana Robbins ( One Hell of a Ride ! The Songs of Cy Coleman ) and jazz pianist Bill Mays and his Inventions Trio .   The company also presented several film festivals with such classic titles as Gone with the Wind , Casablanca , Seven Samurai , Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein , A Night at the Opera , The Court Jester , -LSB- -LSB- Beauty and the Beast ( 1946 film ) | La Belle et la Bête -RSB- -RSB- , Black Orpheus , Mon Oncle , The Wages of Fear and La Strada .   The Blairstown Theater Festival was not able to continue past its first season for several reasons . Most significantly , Blairstown Township suddenly increased the real estate taxes on the building by more than 680 % ( from $ 1,031.55 to $ 7,032.30 ) and the landlord decided to sell the theatre .   A CD featuring highlights from the Blairstown Theater Festival 's season was released in February 2008 .

neg: Of Thee I Sing Of Thee I Sing is a musical with a score by George Gershwin , lyrics by Ira Gershwin and a book by George S. Kaufman and Morrie Ryskind . The musical lampoons American politics ; the story concerns John P. Wintergreen , who runs for President of the United States on the `` love '' platform . When he falls in love with the sensible Mary Turner instead of Diana Devereaux , the beautiful pageant winner selected for him , he gets into political hot water .   The original Broadway production , directed by Kaufman , opened in 1931 and ran for 441 performances , gaining critical and box office success . It has been revived twice on Broadway and in concert stagings in the U.S. and in London . In 1932 , Of Thee I Sing was the first musical to win the Pulitzer Prize for Drama .

neg: Theatre of Australia Theatre of Australia refers to the history of the performing arts in Australia , or produced by Australians . There are theatrical and dramatic aspects to a number of Indigenous Australian ceremonies such as the corroboree . During its colonial period , Australian theatrical arts were generally linked to the broader traditions of English literature and to British and Irish theatre . Australian literature and theatrical artists ( including Aboriginal as well as Anglo-Celtic and multicultural migrant Australians ) have over the last two centuries introduced the culture of Australia and the character of a new continent to the world stage .   Individuals who have contributed to theatre in Australia and internationally include Sir Robert Helpmann , Dame Joan Sutherland , Barry Humphries , David Williamson , Cate Blanchett , Geoffrey Rush , Judy Davis , Jim Sharman , Tim Minchin and Baz Luhrmann . Notable theatrical institutions include the Sydney Opera House , and the National Institute of Dramatic Art in Sydney .

neg: Tony Award for Best Stage Technician The Tony Award for Best Stage Technician was awarded to acknowledge the contributions of stage technicians in both musicals and plays . The award was first given in 1948 and last presented in 1963 .

neg: Effie Bancroft Marie Effie Wilton , Lady Bancroft ( 1839 -- 1921 ) was an English actress and theatre manager . She appeared onstage as Marie Wilton until after her marriage in December 1867 to Squire Bancroft , when she usually appeared under the name Lady Bancroft . Bancroft and her husband were important in the development of Victorian era theatre through their presentation of innovative plays at the London theatres that they managed , first the Prince of Wales 's Theatre and later the Haymarket Theatre .

neg: Theatre Communications Group Theatre Communications Group ( TCG ) is a non-profit service organization dedicated to nurturing , strengthening and promoting professional non-profit theatre in the United States . As of 2014 , TCG has over 700 member theatres located in 47 states ; 172,000 individual members ; and 150 University , Trustee and other business affiliates . TCG is currently headquartered at 520 Eighth Avenue in mid-town Manhattan .   TCG offers training , networking and research opportunities to its members , including their annual Fiscal Survey and the resulting publication , the TCG TheatreFacts Report . In addition , TCG awards over $ 2 million in grants each year to nonprofit theatres and individual theatre artists through philanthropic partnerships , including the MetLife/TCG A-ha ! Program .   Each year , the organization hosts a number of events for its members on special topics in the nonprofit theatrical industry , including the Fall Forum for Governance in New York City and the annual TCG National Conference , held in a different American city each year .   The organization also publishes American Theatre magazine and ARTSEARCH , a theatrical employment bulletin , as well as trade editions of play scripts , including ten winners of the Pulitzer Prize for Drama .   TCG was awarded Tony Honors for Excellence in Theatre in 2005 .

neg: Laurence Olivier Award for Best Musical Revival The Laurence Olivier Award for Best Musical Revival is an annual award presented by The Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in commercial British theatre . The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976 , and , renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor Lord Olivier .   From 1997 to 2007 , the award was presented as Outstanding Musical Production .

neg: Theatre World Theatre World is the only ( first published in 1945 ) , comprehensive , annual pictorial and statistical record of American theatre in print publication , including Broadway , Off-Broadway , Off-Off-Broadway , and regional theatre , as well as a complete national theatrical awards section and obituaries . Including over 750 photographs , it is the definitive pictorial and statistical reference to each American theatrical season , and is referenced daily by industry professionals , students , historians , and theatre fans worldwide .   Until 1998 , the Theatre World editorial staff administered the Theatre World Awards for Outstanding Broadway and off-Broadway debuts . First under the supervision of Theatre World founder Daniel Blum and then under John Willis , who took over the production of the Awards following Blum 's death in 1964 , the Theatre World Awards were first given to those recipients considered `` Promising Personalities . '' In 1998 , the Theatre World Awards were incorporated as a 501 ( c ) 3 nonprofit organization and are currently overseen by a board of directors independent of `` Theatre World . ''   Theatre World is the recipient of a 2001 Tony Honor for Excellence in Theatre , presented by the American Theatre Wing , and on behalf of the publication , longtime editor-in-chief John Willis ( 1916-2010 ) accepted honors including the first Special Lucille Lortel Award , a Special Drama Desk Award , and the Broadway Theatre Institute ( now The Theatre Museum ) Lifetime Achievement Award .   Theatre World is published annually by Theatre World Media and distributed by Applause Theatre and Cinema Books . The permanent editorial staff currently consists of Ben Hodges , editor in chief , and coeditor Scott Denny . Current editorial staff includes Adam Feldman of Time Out New York ( Broadway ) , Linda Buchwald TDF Stages ( Off-Broadway ) , Shay Gines New York Innovative Theatre Awards ( Off-Off-Broadway ) , and Diep Tran American Theatre Magazine ( Regional theatre ) .

neg: Tony Award for Best Conductor and Musical Director The Tony Award for Best Conductor and Musical Director was awarded to acknowledge the contributions of conductors and musical directors in both musicals and operas . The award was first presented in 1948 , and later discontinued after 1964 .

neg: Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play The Tony Award for Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role in a Play is an honor presented at the Tony Awards , a ceremony established in 1947 as the Antoinette Perry Awards for Excellence in Theatre , to actors for quality leading roles in a Broadway play . The awards are named after Antoinette Perry , an American actress who died in 1946 . Honors in several categories are presented at the ceremony annually by the Tony Award Productions , a joint venture of The Broadway League and the American Theatre Wing , to `` honor the best performances and stage productions of the previous year . '' Despite the award first being presented in 1947 , there were no nominees announced until 1956 .

neg: Golda's Balcony Golda 's Balcony is a play by William Gibson .   It follows the trajectory of the life of Golda Meir from Russian immigrant to American schoolteacher to a leader of international politics as the fourth Prime Minister of Israel . Much of its focus is on the period surrounding the 1973 Yom Kippur War , when Israel was attacked by Egypt and Syria . Gibson 's drama suggests Meir threatened Richard Nixon and Henry Kissinger with the launch of nuclear weapons against her enemies , conceivably starting World War III , unless the U.S. came to her country 's aid .   Gibson first explored Meir in 1977 in his multi-character work Golda , which was produced on Broadway with Anne Bancroft in the title role . Never fully satisfied with the piece , he decided to tackle the subject matter , this time in the form of a one-woman play .   Golda 's Balcony , produced by David Fishelson , opened Off-Broadway at Manhattan Ensemble Theatre ( `` MET '' ) on March 26 , 2003 , where it sold out its entire 16-week run . Three months after closing Off-Broadway , the MET production , also starring Tovah Feldshuh and produced by Fishelson ( directed by Scott Schwartz ) , opened on October 15 , 2003 at the Helen Hayes Theatre , where it ran for 14 previews and 493 performances , making it the longest-running one-woman show in Broadway history .   Feldshuh was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play and won the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Solo Performance .   In 2006 the play was adapted into a film of the same title , starring Valerie Harper .   The term `` Golda 's Balcony '' refers to the nickname given to an area inside the secretive Dimona nuclear weapons facility from which visiting VIPs can observe some of the activity taking place in the underground portion of the facility .

neg: 68th Tony Awards The 68th Annual Tony Awards were held June 8 , 2014 , to recognize achievement in Broadway productions during the 2013 -- 14 season . The ceremony was held at Radio City Music Hall in New York City , and was televised live on CBS . Hugh Jackman was the host , his fourth time hosting . The 15 musical Tony Awards went to seven different musicals , and six plays shared the 11 play Tony Awards .   The nominations were announced on April 29 , 2014 by Jonathan Groff and Lucy Liu . Audra McDonald won the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play . In just her ninth Broadway engagement , McDonald established two records as the first actor to win six Tony Awards for acting and the first to win in all four categories , lead and featured in both a play and a musical . In its seventh Broadway incarnation , The Glass Menagerie won its first Tony Award ( Lighting Design ) .   Aladdin 's win made it the fourth franchise to complete EGOT status .

neg: Thomas Bancroft (priest) Thomas Bancroft ( 1756 -- 1811 ) , was a vicar of Bolton-le-Moors in Lancashire , England .   Bancroft was the son of Thomas Bancroft , a thread-maker , was born in Deansgate , Manchester . At the age of six he was admitted into the Manchester Grammar School , where , in course of time , he became a teacher . He held a school exhibition from 1778 to 1781 , and graduated B.A. at Brasenose College , Oxford , 10 October 1781 . In 1780 he obtained the Craven scholarship ; in the same year he assisted in correcting the edition of Homer published by the Clarendon Press , and further helped Dr. Falconer in correcting an edition of Strabo . Being disappointed of a fellowship at Oxford , he returned to Manchester grammar school as assistant master , and remained there until he was appointed head-master of King Henry VIII 's school at Chester . ` Towards the end of last century , ' writes Dr. Ormerod , ` the school attained a considerable degree of classical celebrity under the direction of the late Rev. Thomas Bancroft , afterwards vicar of Bolton-le-Moors in Lancashire . Plays were occasionally performed by the boys , and a collection of Greek , Latin , and English exercises , partly written by the scholars and partly by Mr. Bancroft , was published at Chester ( 1788 ) under the title of `` Prolusiones Poeticæ ''' . While at this school he married Miss Bennett , of Willaston Hall , against the wishes of her father , a wine merchant in Chester . Her father prevented an attempted elopement by running his sword through Bancroft 's leg , a feat for which he had to pay Bancroft 1,000 l. compensation . A marriage soon afterwards took place in defiance of the father , who was never reconciled to his daughter . He bequeathed , however , 1,000 l. each to her two daughters . In 1793 Bancroft was presented by Bishop Cleaver to the living of Bolton-le-Moors , then worth about 250l . a year . In 1798 Bancroft was made chaplain to the Bolton volunteers by royal warrant , and four years previously he had been appointed domestic chaplain to Viscount Castle-Stewart . He was made one of the four ` king 's preachers ' allowed to the county of Lancaster by Dr. Majendie , bishop of Chester , in 1807 . He continued vicar of Bolton until his death on 5 February 1811 . There is a tablet to his memory in the parish church .   He published various sermons , the ` Prolusiones ' already mentioned , and wrote three dissertations ( Oxford , 1835 ) . Two tracts , ` The Credibility of Christianity vindicated , ' Manchester , 1831 , and ` The Englishman armed against the Infidel Spirit of the Times , ' Stockport , 1833 , were privately printed for his son-in-law , J. Bradshaw Isherwood . There remain several of his manuscripts in possession of the family of Major Fell , of Bolton , who married one of Bancroft 's granddaughters .

neg: Tribute (play) Tribute is a play by Bernard Slade .   The plot focuses on Scottie Templeton , a popular actor who has spent his life shirking responsibility . When he discovers he is terminally ill with leukemia , he attempts to reconnect with his long-estranged son .   The play had extensive pre-Broadway runs in Boston , at the Colonial Theatre , and Toronto , at the Royal Alexandra Theatre . Before the play opened on Broadway , producer Morton Gottlieb and author Bernard Slade , had sold the movie rights to Paramount for over $ 1 million . On the opening night party at Tavern on the Green , Gottlieb gave out checks to investors , for payment in full , without help from the movie sale . After four previews , the play 's Broadway production opened on June 1 , 1978 at the Brooks Atkinson Theatre . Directed by Arthur Storch and starring Jack Lemmon , it ran for 212 performances . Jack had committed to do the play through November 1978 . The cast included Robert Picardo , Catherine Hicks , and Rosemary Prinz . Lemmon was nominated for both a Tony and a Drama Desk Award for his performance .   In 1980 , Slade adapted his play for a feature film directed by Bob Clark , with Lemmon recreating his performance in the lead role . The supporting cast included Robby Benson , Lee Remick , Colleen Dewhurst , John Marley , and Kim Cattrall .

neg: York Theatre York Theatre is an Off-Broadway theatre company base in East Midtown Manhattan , New York City . In its 48th year , York Theatre is dedicated to the production of new musicals and concert productions of forgotten musicals from the past . Each season consists of three or four mainstage productions , six or more concert presentations and dozens of developmental readings . It has had several transfers of its work to larger off-Broadway theatres and to Broadway . The company was awarded a special Drama Desk Award in 1996 to its artistic director Janet Hayes Walker and in 2006 for its `` vital contributions to theater by developing and presenting new musicals '' .   Since 1993 the company has performed in an intimate theatre that is part of St. Peter 's Church , in the Citigroup Center Complex at 619 Lexington Avenue at the corner of East 54th Street .   The Oscar Hammerstein Award  is named in honor of the legendary lyricist and librettist who helped shape American musical theatre through his collaborations with a number of different composers and writers . The award was created in 1988 by Janet Hayes Walker , the Founding Artistic Director of The York Theatre Company , and is presented with the endorsement of the Rodgers & Hammerstein Organization and the Hammerstein family . The Oscar Hammerstein Award Gala is the major annual fundraising event of The York , a mainstay of the Off-Broadway scene for more than 45 years .   Past recipients include Stephen Sondheim , Betty Comden & Adolph Green , Harold Prince , Cy Coleman , Charles Strouse , Arthur Laurents , Jerry Herman , Stephen Schwartz , Peter Stone , David Merrick , John Kander & Fred Ebb , Terrence McNally , Sir Cameron Mackintosh , Carol Channing , Tony Walton , Joseph Stein , Thomas Meehan , Jerry Bock and Sheldon Harnick , Barbara Cook , Paul Gemignani , Lynn Ahrens & Stephen Flaherty . In November , 2015 , the 24th Oscar Hammerstein Award was presented to Angela Lansbury in a star-studded tribute evening .

neg: Drama League Award The Drama League Awards , created in 1935 , honor distinguished productions and performances both on Broadway and Off-Broadway , in addition to recognizing exemplary career achievements in theatre , musical theatre , and directing . Each May , the awards are presented by the Drama League of New York at the Annual Awards Luncheon with performers , directors , producers , and Drama League members in attendance . Katharine Cornell was the recipient of the first award in 1935 , for Distinguished Performance .

neg: Jill Santoriello Jill Santoriello is an American musician , composer , lyricist , and author . She is a self-taught musician ( playing piano `` by ear '' ) whose award winning first musical A Tale of Two Cities was an Outer Critics Circle Award nominee for Outstanding New Musical in 2009 . Her newest musical `` It Happened In Key West '' , co-written with Jason Huza and Jeremiah James , is ready for production and songs from the show have been performed in New York and Paris .   Santoriello was born in Summit , New Jersey and grew up in Berkeley Heights , New Jersey , and graduated from Governor Livingston High School in 1983 .   On September 18 , 2008 , Santoriello 's Broadway musical adaptation of A Tale of Two Cities officially opened at the Al Hirschfeld Theatre in New York , from previews on August 19 . The musical 's producers announced on November 4 that the show would be closing on November 16 , but closed earlier than expected on November 9 .   In addition to the 2009 Outer Critics Circle Award nomination for Outstanding New Musical , `` Tale '' also received an additional Outer Critics Circle nomination for Best Actor and 3 Drama Desk Award nominations . The world premiere production at the Asolo Theatre was nominated for 12 Sarasota Theater Awards and won 10 , including `` Best Musical '' .   In 2009 , Santoriello adapted the musical for the concert stage and co-produced a television filming of the concert at the historic Theater Royal in Brighton , England . This television program will be broadcast on public television , WGBH-Boston in December 2009 and a DVD of the show will be made available . Santoriello also co-produced an accompanying studio recording of the score for simultaneous release with the television show .   She also contributed to the music and lyrics to the musical version of Diana Gabaldon 's Outlander . Music by Kevin Walsh and lyrics by Mike Gibb .   Her next project is writing a musical of the 1913 Eleanor H. Porter novel Pollyanna .