query: Dangerous Liaisons is a film.

pos: Dangerous Liaisons Dangerous Liaisons is a 1988 American historical drama film based upon Christopher Hampton 's play Les liaisons dangereuses , which in turn was a theatrical adaptation of the 18th-century French novel Les Liaisons dangereuses by Pierre Choderlos de Laclos .   The film was directed by Stephen Frears . The performances of Glenn Close , John Malkovich and Michelle Pfeiffer , the cinematography of Philippe Rousselot , the costume design by James Acheson , and the screenplay by Christopher Hampton , garnered critical acclaim . Swoosie Kurtz , Mildred Natwick and Peter Capaldi appeared in supporting roles , as did the young , and then-relatively unknown , actors Keanu Reeves and Uma Thurman .   The film was nominated for seven Academy Awards , including Best Picture ; it won those for Best Adapted Screenplay , Best Costume Design , and Best Art Direction .

neg: Klassenverhältnisse , known in English as Class Relations , in French as , is a 1984 film by the French filmmaking duo of Jean-Marie Straub and Danièle Huillet . It is based on Franz Kafka 's unfinished first novel , Amerika .   The German filmmaker Harun Farocki appears as one of the leads , and the film also features a cameo from American experimental filmmaker Thom Andersen .   A documentary was made about the filming process , .

neg: Foxtrot (film) Foxtrot is a 1976 drama film directed by Arturo Ripstein and starring Peter O'Toole , Charlotte Rampling and Max von Sydow . It was re-released in 1977 as The Other Side of Paradise .

neg: Lucrèce Borgia Lucrèce Borgia ( also known as Lucretia Borgia or Sins of the Borgias ) is a 1953 French drama film starring Martine Carol and Pedro Armendáriz . The film was directed by Christian-Jaque , who co-wrote screenplay with Cécil Saint-Laurent and Jacques Sigurd , based on a novel by Alfred Schirokauer . The film tells the story of the Borgia family of Italy during the Renaissance .   It was released on DVD in the US on May 26 , 2009 .

neg: Behavior (film) Behavior ( Conducta ) is a 2014 Cuban drama film directed by Ernesto Daranas . In English writing , the film is usually referred to by the title Behavior . The film premiered in February 2014 , and then played at the Málaga Film Festival before having its US premieres simultaneously at the Chicago Latino Film Festival and Havana Film Festival New York in April 2014 . Behavior was then screened in the Contemporary World Cinema section at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival . It was selected as the Cuban entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 87th Academy Awards , but was not nominated .

neg: Unsimulated sex Unsimulated sex is the presentation in a film of sex scenes where the actors engage in an actual sex act , and are not just miming or simulating the actions . At one time in the United States such scenes were restricted by law and self-imposed industry standards such as the Motion Picture Production Code . Films showing explicit sexual activity were confined to privately distributed underground films , such as stag films or `` porn loops '' . Beginning in the late 1960s , most notably with Blue Movie by Andy Warhol , mainstream cinemas began pushing boundaries in terms of what was presented on screen . Although the vast majority of sexual situations depicted in mainstream cinema are simulated ( in early pornography , the main actors engaged in simulated sex , with inserts placed in the film ) , on rare occasions actors engage in real sex . The difference between these films and pornography is that , while such scenes might be considered erotic , the intent of these films is not solely pornographic .   Notable examples include two of the eight Bedside-films and the six Zodiac-films from the 1970s , all of which were produced in Denmark and had many pornographic sex scenes , but were nevertheless considered mainstream films ( they all had mainstream casts and crews , and premiered in mainstream cinemas ) . The last of these films , Agent 69 Jensen i Skyttens tegn , was made in 1978 . From the end of the 1970s until the late 1990s it was rare to see hardcore scenes in mainstream cinema , but this changed with the success of Lars von Trier 's The Idiots ( 1998 ) , which heralded a wave of art-house films with explicit content , such as Romance ( 1999 ) , Baise-moi ( 2000 ) , Intimacy ( 2001 ) , Vincent Gallo 's The Brown Bunny ( 2003 ) , and Michael Winterbottom 's 9 Songs ( 2004 ) . Some simulated sex scenes are sufficiently realistic that critics mistakenly believe that they are real , such as the cunnilingus scene in the 2006 film Red Road .

neg: Welcome to New York (2014 film) Welcome to New York is a 2014 French-American drama film co-written and directed by Abel Ferrara . Inspired by the Dominique Strauss-Kahn affair , the film was released on 17 May 2014 by VOD on the internet as the film failed to secure a place on the official selection at the 2014 Cannes Film Festival , nor was it picked up for theatrical distribution in France and is facing self-censorship by the French media , according to Vincent Maraval , one of the producers .

neg: Toxic Love Toxic Love ( Amore tossico ) is a 1983 Italian drama film directed by Claudio Caligari . The film depicts a realistic and graphic portrayal of the heroin addiction that afflicted many young drifters in the eighties . The cast was entirely made of amateur actors , of whom most of them were or had been drug addicts .   The film premiered at the 40th Venice International Film Festival , in which it won the De Sica Award . It was also screened at the San Sebastián International Film Festival , in which Michela Mioni was awarded best actress .

neg: Salon Kitty (film) Salon Kitty is a 1976 erotic-war-drama film directed by Tinto Brass . The film was coproduced by Italy , France and West Germany . It is based on the novel of the same name by Peter Norden , covering the real life events of the Salon Kitty Incident , where the Sicherheitsdienst took over an expensive brothel in Berlin , had the place wire tapped and all the prostitutes replaced with trained spies in order to gather data on various members of the Nazi party and foreign dignitaries .   It is considered among the progenitors of Nazisploitation genre .   In the U.S. , the film was edited to lighten the political overtones for an easier marketing as a sexploitation film and released under the title Madam Kitty with an X rating . Blue Underground Video , for the uncut version , has surrendered the X rating for an unrated DVD and Blu-ray release .

neg: Milan noir Milan noir is a 1987 French thriller film directed by Ronald Chammah and starring Isabelle Huppert .

neg: The Syndicate (1968 film) The Syndicate is a 1968 British film directed by Frederic Goode for Pathe Films , to a screenplay by Geoffrey Hays , from the novel of the same name by Denys Rhodes . The films stars William Sylvester as an American pilot , June Ritchie and Robert Urquhart as a troubled couple , and Christian Doermer as a German geologist who search for uranium in Kenya . The film was later released on video as Kenya : Country of Treasure .

neg: Allied (film) Allied is a 2016 romantic thriller film directed by Robert Zemeckis and written by Steven Knight . It stars Brad Pitt as a Canadian intelligence officer and Marion Cotillard as a French Resistance fighter and collaborator , who fall in love during a mission in Casablanca . Jared Harris , Simon McBurney and Lizzy Caplan also star .   Principal photography began in February 2016 in London . The film was released in the United States on November 23 , 2016 by Paramount Pictures , receiving mixed reviews from critics , although Pitt and particularly Cotillard 's performances were praised , and grossed $ 119 million worldwide . It received an Academy Award nomination for Best Costume Design .

neg: Vice and Virtue Vice and Virtue ( original French title : Le Vice et la Vertu ) is a 1963 war-time French film starring Annie Girardot as Juliette ( Vice ) , Robert Hossein as the sadistic German officer and Catherine Deneuve , in her first notable film role , as Justine ( Virtue ) .   It was directed by Roger Vadim and inspired by some of Marquis de Sade 's characters .

neg: Dangerous Exile Dangerous Exile is a 1957 British historical drama film directed by Brian Desmond Hurst and starring Louis Jourdan , Belinda Lee , Anne Heywood and Richard O'Sullivan . It concerns the fate of Louis XVII , who died in 1795 as a boy , yet was popularly believed to have escaped from his French revolutionary captors .

neg: Lightweight (film) Lightweight ( Poids léger ) is a 2004 French drama film directed by Jean-Pierre Améris . It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2004 Cannes Film Festival .

neg: Les Liaisons dangereuses Les Liaisons dangereuses ( -LSB- le ljɛ.zɔ̃ dɑ̃.ʒə.ʁøz -RSB- ; Dangerous Liaisons ) is a French epistolary novel by Pierre Choderlos de Laclos , first published in four volumes by Durand Neveu from March 23 , 1782 .   It is the story of the Marquise de Merteuil and the Vicomte de Valmont , two rivals ( and ex-lovers ) who use seduction as a weapon to humiliate and degrade others , all the while enjoying their cruel games and boasting about their manipulative talents . It has been claimed to depict the decadence of the French aristocracy shortly before the French Revolution , thereby exposing the perversions of the so-called Ancien Régime . However , it has also been described as an amoral story .   As an epistolary novel , the book is composed entirely of letters written by the various characters to each other . In particular , the letters between Valmont and the Marquise drive the plot , with those of their victims and other characters serving as contrasting figures to give the story its depth .   It is often claimed to be the source of the saying `` Revenge is a dish best served cold '' , a paraphrased translation of `` La vengeance est un plat qui se mange froid '' ( more literally , `` Revenge is a dish that is eaten cold '' ) . However , the expression does not actually occur in the original novel in any form .

neg: Gérard James Gérard James is an American set decorator . He won an Academy Award in the category Best Art Direction for the film Dangerous Liaisons .

neg: L'Amour braque L'Amour braque ( Mad love ) is a 1985 French romantic drama film directed by Andrzej Zulawski and starring Sophie Marceau , Francis Huster , and Tchéky Karyo . Inspired by Dostoyevsky 's novel The Idiot , the film is about a bank robber on his way to Paris who meets a neurotic dreamer whom he considers to be an idiot . The dreamer follows him everywhere and soon falls in love with his girlfriend , resulting in a tragic ending . The film received a Fantasporto International Fantasy Film Award Nomination for Best Film in 1986 .

neg: Waterloo (1970 film) Waterloo is a 1970 epic period war film directed by Sergei Bondarchuk and produced by Dino De Laurentiis . It depicts the story of the preliminary events and the Battle of Waterloo , and is famous for its lavish battle scenes .   It stars Rod Steiger as Napoleon Bonaparte and Christopher Plummer as the Duke of Wellington with a cameo by Orson Welles as Louis XVIII of France . Other stars include Jack Hawkins as General Thomas Picton , Virginia McKenna as the Duchess of Richmond and Dan O'Herlihy as Marshal Ney .   The film includes some 15,000 Soviet foot soldiers and 2,000 cavalrymen as extras -- it was said that , during its making , director Sergei Bondarchuk was in command of the seventh largest army in the world . Fifty circus stunt riders were used to perform the dangerous horse falls .

neg: Erotic thriller An Erotic thriller is a film genre defined by a thriller with a thematic basis in illicit romance or erotic fantasy . Most erotic thrillers contain scenes of softcore sex and nudity , but the frequency and explicitness of those scenes varies .   Though similar films appeared as early as the 1960s , erotic thrillers emerged as a distinct genre in the late 1980s , bolstered by the popular success of Adrian Lyne 's Fatal Attraction in 1987 and a quickly expanding domestic and international market for softcore adult entertainment on cable television and home video . The genre had a classic period of growth and expansion in the 1990s , but by the early 2000s declined in production and popular appeal .   The potent combination of danger and romance , catering to both male and female audiences simultaneously , was the primary selling point for erotic thriller films during their classic period . The half-naked bodies displayed on posters , newspaper ads , and video box covers were accompanied by log lines that capture the unmistakable duality of the erotic thriller film :   If you think you can handle her , you 're dead wrong . -- Body Chemistry 3 : Point of Seduction  He was hired to watch . Now he 's tempted to touch . -- Night Eyes  Twin sisters cross the line into a deadly erotic fantasy land . -- Mirror Images   In all , over 300 erotic thriller films were produced in the 1990s , which is comparable to the number of thriller films made in the noir decade of the 1940s . The total number of films in the erotic thriller genre from 1985 to 2005 may number as high as over 500 . Like film noir , the genre has evolved and modernized , and new films continue to be made that are influenced by the classic style .

neg: Diamond Safari (1966 film) Diamond Safari is a 1966 French thriller film directed by Michel Drach and starring Marie-José Nat , Jean-Louis Trintignant and Horst Frank . Its French title is Safari diamants . A young man becomes involved with a gang of diamond-smugglers .


query: Gabon is located on the Pime Meridian.

pos: Gabon Gabon ( -LSB- ɡəˈbɒn -RSB- -LSB- ɡabɔ̃ -RSB- ) , officially the Gabonese Republic ( République gabonaise ) , is a sovereign state on the west coast of Central Africa . Located on the equator , Gabon is bordered by Equatorial Guinea to the northwest , Cameroon to the north , the Republic of the Congo on the east and south , and the Gulf of Guinea to the west . It has an area of nearly 270000 sqkm and its population is estimated at 1.5 million people . Its capital and largest city is Libreville .   Since its independence from France in 1960 , Gabon has had three presidents . In the early 1990s , Gabon introduced a multi-party system and a new democratic constitution that allowed for a more transparent electoral process and reformed many governmental institutions . Gabon was also a temporary member of the United Nations Security Council for the 2010 -- 2011 term .   Abundant petroleum and foreign private investment have helped make Gabon one of the most prosperous countries in Sub-Saharan Africa , with the 4th highest HDI and the third highest GDP per capita ( PPP ) ( after Equatorial Guinea and Botswana ) in the region . GDP grew by more than 6 % per year from 2010 to 2012 . However , because of inequality in income distribution , a significant proportion of the population remains poor .

neg: Woleu Department Woleu is a department of Woleu-Ntem Province in northern Gabon . The capital lies at Oyem . It borders Equatorial Guinea to the west .

neg: 97th meridian west The 97th meridian west of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean , North America , the Gulf of Mexico , the Pacific Ocean , the Southern Ocean , and Antarctica to the South Pole .   The 97th meridian west forms a great circle with the 83rd meridian east .

neg: 46th meridian east The meridian 46 ° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean , Europe , Asia , Africa , the Indian Ocean , the Southern Ocean , and Antarctica to the South Pole .   The 46th meridian east forms a great circle with the 134th meridian west .

neg: 84th meridian east The meridian 84 ° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean , Asia , the Indian Ocean , the Southern Ocean , and Antarctica to the South Pole .   The 84th meridian east forms a great circle with the 96th meridian west .

neg: 95th meridian east The meridian 95 ° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean , Asia , the Indian Ocean , the Southern Ocean , and Antarctica to the South Pole .   The 95th meridian east forms a great circle with the 85th meridian west .

neg: Eteke Eteke is a place in the region of Province de la Ngounie in Gabon at 1 ° 30 ' 0 '' south of the equator and 11 ° 28 ' 48 '' east of the Greenwich Prime Meridian .   Facts on Eteke :   Name : Eteke   Status : Place   Region : Province de la Ngounie   Country : Gabon   Continent : Africa   Population : n/k   Latitude/Breadth : 1 ° 30 ' 0 `` S ( -1.4977900 ° )   Longitude/Length : 11 ° 28 ' 48 `` E ( 11.4796000 ° )   Timezone : Africa/Libreville ( UTC +1.0 )   Current time : 12:02 pm ( Wednesday , 7 Dec 2011 )   Distance as the crow flies between Eteke and Gabon 's capital Libreville is approximately 307 km ( 191 mi . ) .   Category : Populated places in Ngounié Province  Category : Cameroon -- Gabon border crossings

neg: North Region (Cameroon) The North Region ( Région du Nord ) makes up 66,090 km ² of the northern half of The Republic of Cameroon . Neighbouring territories include the Far North Region to the north , the Adamawa Region to the south , Nigeria to the west , Chad to the east , and Central African Republic to the southeast . The city of Garoua is both the political and industrial capital . Garoua is Cameroon 's third largest port , despite the fact that the Bénoué River upon which it relies is only navigable for short periods of the year .   Major ethnic groups include the Fula or Fulani ( Fulɓe links = no ) , who are Islamic pastoralists , and numerous Muslim and animist speakers of Adamawa , Chadic , and Nilo-Saharan languages . French is the language of formal education , and Fulfulde , the language of the Fulbe , is widespread as a lingua franca .

neg: 48th meridian east The meridian 48 ° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean , Europe , Asia , Africa , the Indian Ocean , Madagascar , the Southern Ocean , and Antarctica to the South Pole .   The 48th meridian east forms a great circle with the 132nd meridian west .

neg: 102nd meridian west The meridian 102 ° west of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean , North America , the Pacific Ocean , the Southern Ocean , and Antarctica to the South Pole .   The 102nd meridian west forms a great circle with the 78th meridian east .   In Canada , part of the border between the Northwest Territories and Nunavut is defined by the meridian , and part of the border between Saskatchewan and Manitoba runs about 400m west of the meridian . At the 60th parallel north , these borders form a near-quadripoint at the four corners of these provinces and territories . 102 ° W is the Second Meridian of Canada 's Dominion Land Survey .   In the United States , the meridian formed the eastern border of the historic and extralegal Territory of Jefferson . The eastern border of Colorado with Nebraska and Kansas lies on the 25th meridian west from Washington , which lies a couple of miles west of the 102nd meridian west .

neg: 24th meridian east The meridian 24 ° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean , the Atlantic Ocean , Europe , Africa , the Indian Ocean , the Southern Ocean , and Antarctica to the South Pole .   The 24th meridian east forms a great circle with the 156th meridian west .   Part of the border between Libya and Sudan is defined by the meridian , as is a large section of the border between Chad and Sudan .

neg: Geography of São Tomé and Príncipe São Tomé and Príncipe is a small nation composed of an archipelago located in the Gulf of Guinea of equatorial Atlantic Ocean . The nation 's main islands are São Tomé Island and Príncipe Island , for which the country is named . These are located about 300 and , respectively , off the northwest coast of Gabon in West Africa . The nation 's geographic coordinates are a latitude of 1 ° 00 ′ N and a longitude of 7 ° 00 ′ E.   São Tomé and Príncipe constitute one of Africa 's smallest countries , with 209 km of coastline . Both are part of an extinct volcanic mountain range , which also includes the island of Bioko in Equatorial Guinea to the northeast and Mount Cameroon on the mainland coast further northeast . São Tomé is 50 km long and 30 km wide and the more mountainous of the two islands . Its peaks reach 2024 m - Pico de São Tomé . Principe is about 30 km long and 6 km wide , making it the smaller of the two . Its peaks reach 948 m - Pico de Príncipe . This makes the total land area of the country 1001 km2 , about five times the size of Washington , D.C. . Both islands are crossed by swift streams radiating down the mountains through lush forest and cropland to the sea . Both islands at a distance of 150 km2 . The equator lies immediately south of São Tomé Island , passing through an islet Ilhéu das Rolas .   The Pico Cão Grande ( Great Dog Peak ) is a landmark volcanic plug peak , located at in southern São Tomé . It rises dramatically over 300 m above the surrounding terrain and the summit is 663 m above sea level .

neg: Ivindo National Park Ivindo National Park is a national park in east-central Gabon in Central Africa , straddling the border of the Ogooué-Ivindo and Ogooué-Lolo provences . Its creation was announced in August 2002 by then-President Omar Bongo at the Earth Summit in Johannesburg , along with Gabon 's 12 other terrestrial national parks . Most famous for the spectacular Kongou and Mingouli waterfalls of the Ivindo River , known as the `` wonders of Ivindo '' , the park also includes the Ipassa Makokou Biosphere Reserve and Langoué Baï , one of the 5 most important forest clearings in Central Africa . The Institut de Recherche en Écologie Tropicale ( IRET ) , a tropical research institute under the authority of the Centre national de la recherche scientifique et technologique ( CENAREST ) , is found in the north of the park , 12 km from the closest city , Makokou , while Langoué Research Station , run by the Wildlife Conservation Society ( WCS ) is found in the south a few kilometers from Langoué Baï .   Physical features of the park include the Ivindo River , the park is the main tributary to the Ogooué , and Mount Kingué ( 749 m ) and Mount Ngouadi ( 870 m ) . Average rainfall is 1672 mm , with peaks in rainfall between September and December , and February and May . Violent thunderstorms occur seasonally , and can sometimes generate localised tornadoes , especially on the Ipassa Plateau ; the disturbances caused by this effect may be responsible for the fact that this forest superficially resembles secondary forest . Average temperature is 23.9 ° C ( measured at Makokou a few kilometres from the northern park border ) , with seasonal variation of around 3.3 ° C.   The park covers 300,000 ha , almost all of which is forested with a mixture of Atlantic coastal forest of Lower Guinea , and semi-deciduous forest typical of central Congo Basin . Wildlife includes western lowland gorilla , common chimpanzee , African forest buffalo , red river hog , sitatunga , as well as one of the last relativity intact populations of forest elephants . Notable bird species include grey-necked rockfowl , while more than 430 bird species have been recorded within the park .   Since 2001 , before the park 's creation , the WCS has studied and protected the southern region of the park , concentrated at Langoué Bai , with the support of what is now the Gabonese National Parks Agency ( ANPN ) . In 2004 WCS constructed a purpose-built camp 3 km from Langoué Bai , with accommodation and offices for researchers , providing important insights into bai ecology and a protective presence against poachers .

neg: Ogooué-Ivindo Province The Ogooué-Ivindo province is the northeastern-most of the nine provinces of Gabon . The regional capital is Makokou , which is home to one-third of the provincial population . It gets its name from two rivers , the Ogooué and the Ivindo . This province is the largest , least populated , and least developed of the nine .   Area : 46,075 km ²  Two-letter abbreviation/HASC : GB-OI  ISO 3166-2 : GB-06  Population ( 2013 ) : 63,293   The southern part of the province is crossed by the Equator . Its length runs from 11 E to 14 E and the width 0.35 S to 1 N.   To the northeast and east , Ogooué-Ivindo borders the Sangha and Cuvette-Ouest departments of the Republic of the Congo . Domestically , it borders the following provinces :  Haut-Ogooué - southeast  Ogooué-Lolo - south  Ngounié - southwest , at a quadripoint  Moyen-Ogooué - west  Woleu-Ntem - north

neg: Société Nationale Petrolière Gabonaise Société Nationale Petrolière Gabonaise is the national petroleum company of Gabon . The government of Gabon controls petroleum and mineral rights within the state .

neg: 2nd meridian east The meridian 2 ° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean , the Atlantic Ocean , Europe , Africa , the Southern Ocean , and Antarctica to the South Pole .   The 2nd meridian east forms a great circle with the 178th meridian west .

neg: Gaboń Gaboń -LSB- ` gaboń -RSB- is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Stary Sącz , within Nowy Sącz County , Lesser Poland Voivodeship , in southern Poland . It lies approximately 7 km south-west of Stary Sącz , 15 km south-west of Nowy Sącz , and 74 km south-east of the regional capital Kraków .   The village has a population of 1,300 .

neg: 102nd meridian east The meridian 102 ° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean , Asia , the Indian Ocean , the Southern Ocean , and Antarctica to the South Pole .   The 102nd meridian east forms a great circle with the 78th meridian west .

neg: 166th meridian west The meridian 166 ° west of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean , North America , the Pacific Ocean , the Southern Ocean , and Antarctica to the South Pole .   The 166th meridian west forms a great circle with the 14th meridian east .

neg: Ogooué River The Ogooué ( or Ogowe ) , some 1200 km long , is the principal river of Gabon in west central Africa and the fourth largest river in Africa by volume of discharge , trailing only the Congo , Niger and Zambezi . Its watershed drains nearly the entire country of Gabon , with some tributaries reaching into the Republic of the Congo , Cameroon , and Equatorial Guinea .

neg: Méridienne verte The Méridienne verte ( Green Meridian ) is a project devised by the architect Paul Chemetov for the 2000 celebration in France . It involved marking on the ground the Paris Meridian crossing France from North to South ( from Dunkerque in Nord-Pas-de-Calais to Prats-de-Mollo-la-Preste in Pyrénées-Orientales ) by planting trees along the whole line .   On 14 July ( Bastille Day ) 2000 , a picnic was organised along the length of the Méridienne verte . For the occasion , the imaginary line was marked in the sky above Paris by two lasers , located on the Observatory , whose centre defines the longitude of the meridian , and the nearby Senate , also on the line . With a diameter of 4 m and a reach of 1.3 km , their coloured beams lit up the 6th and 14th arrondissements of Paris for three consecutive nights , from 13 to 15 July .   At the intersection of the Meridian and the 45th parallel , in the commune of Ayrens ( Cantal ) , trees have been planted in two perpendicular lines to mark the crossing .


query: Page and Brin own about 14 percent of Google shares.

pos: Google Google is an American multinational technology company specializing in Internet-related services and products . These include online advertising technologies , search , cloud computing , software , and hardware . Google was founded in 1998 by Larry Page and Sergey Brin while they were Ph.D. students at Stanford University , in California . Together , they own about 14 percent of its shares , and control 56 percent of the stockholder voting power through supervoting stock . They incorporated Google as a privately held company on September 4 , 1998 . An initial public offering ( IPO ) took place on August 19 , 2004 , and Google moved to its new headquarters in Mountain View , California , nicknamed the Googleplex . In August 2015 , Google announced plans to reorganize its various interests as a conglomerate called Alphabet Inc. . Google , Alphabet 's leading subsidiary , will continue to be the umbrella company for Alphabet 's Internet interests . Upon completion of the restructure , Sundar Pichai became CEO of Google , replacing Larry Page , who became CEO of Alphabet .   Rapid growth since incorporation has triggered a chain of products , acquisitions , and partnerships beyond Google 's core search engine ( Google Search ) . It offers services designed for work and productivity ( Google Docs , Sheets and Slides ) , email ( Gmail/Inbox ) , scheduling and time management ( Google Calendar ) , cloud storage ( Google Drive ) , social networking ( Google + ) , instant messaging and video chat ( Google Allo/Duo/Hangouts ) , language translation ( Google Translate ) , mapping and turn-by-turn navigation ( Google Maps ) , video sharing ( YouTube ) , notetaking ( Google Keep ) , and photo organizing and editing ( Google Photos ) . The company leads the development of the Android mobile operating system , the Google Chrome web browser , and Chrome OS , a lightweight operating system based on the Chrome browser . Google has moved increasingly into hardware ; from 2010 to 2015 , it partnered with major electronics manufacturers in the production of its Nexus devices , and in October 2016 , it released multiple hardware products ( including the Google Pixel smartphone , Home smart speaker , Wifi mesh wireless router , and Daydream View virtual reality headset ) . The new hardware chief , Rick Osterloh , stated : `` a lot of the innovation that we want to do now ends up requiring controlling the end-to-end user experience '' . Google has also experimented with becoming an Internet carrier . In February 2010 , it announced Google Fiber , a fiber-optic infrastructure that was installed in Kansas City ; in April 2015 , it launched Project Fi in the United States , combining Wi-Fi and cellular networks from different providers ; and in 2016 , it announced the Google Station initiative to make public Wi-Fi around the world , which had already been deployed in India .   Alexa , a company that monitors commercial web traffic , lists Google.com as the most visited website in the world . Several other Google services also figure in the top 100 most visited websites , including YouTube and Blogger . Google has been the second most valuable brand in the world for 4 consecutive years , but has received significant criticism involving issues such as privacy concerns , tax avoidance , antitrust , censorship , and search neutrality . Google 's mission statement , from the outset , was `` to organize the world 's information and make it universally accessible and useful '' , and its unofficial slogan was `` Do n't be evil '' . In October 2015 , the motto was replaced in the Alphabet corporate code of conduct by the phrase `` Do the right thing '' .

neg: Blue Book Top 20 Network Rankings The Performance Marketing Blue Book , owned by privately held mThink LLC , provides online affiliates and merchants with an independently researched ranking of affiliate networks worldwide .  It is published in the form of two `` Top 20 '' league tables , one for CPA networks and one for networks using a revenue sharing business model , cost-per-sale . The tables are updated each year from the results of an annual research-based process that includes a survey of over 20,000 online publishers and advertisers .  The Blue Book has been produced each year since 2009 and is a recognized information resource within the performance marketing industry .   Methodology  The Blue Book is based upon a research process that incorporates multiple sources of affiliate marketing industry data and includes over 500 affiliate networks each year . One major component is an annual survey of over 20,000 online publishers and merchants . The survey includes anti-fraud security measures to prevent multiple responses from a single individual as well question structured to avoid selection-bias .  In addition to the survey , the research process aggregates industry expert views , traffic data , measures of industry influence and other information .   The Blue Ribbon Panel  The Blue Ribbon Panel is a group of performance marketing industry experts representing each of the three core parts of the industry : advertisers , publishers and networks . Members are selected on the basis of their experience and reputation . Their opinions are collected via interviews and online survey , and are incorporated into the research process for the Performance Marketing Blue Book .

neg: 1999 Webby Awards The 1999 Webby Awards were held on March 18 , 1999 , at the Herbst Theater ( War memorial Opera House ) in San Francisco , California . IDG , which still owned the awards organization , continued to retain Tiffany Shlain to produce the awards even though the magazine division she had been working for had been shut down . Mayor Rudy Giuliani had lobbied to move the ceremony to New York City , but San Francisco Mayor Willie Brown interceded with Schlain by promising the City 's support , including hosting a post-award party at the newly remodeled City Hall .   Google founders Larry Page and Sergey Brin arrived wearing rollerblades and metallic capes , and remained in the opera hall lobby to grant interviews while most guests were watching the awards in the theater .  The event was noted for the famous incident in which a representative of Jodi.org , which had won in the arts category , called the event participants `` Ugly corporate sons-of-bitches '' in his acceptance speech and tossed his trophy to the audience . The organizers asked PricewaterhouseCoopers to tabulate and ensure security for the `` People 's Voice '' winners , chosen by online voting .

neg: Apture Apture was a service that allowed publishers and bloggers to link and incorporate multimedia into a dynamic layer above their pages .   Apture was used by several large organizations and publishers including The Washington Post , The Economist , Scribd , and the World Wide Fund for Nature as well as individual bloggers .   Apture announced its first round of funding in March , 2009 . It received $ 4.1 million in a round led by Clearstone Venture Partners as well as angel investors Paul Maritz ( CEO of VMware ) and Steve Taylor ( former Executive VP of the Boston Globe ) .   In August , 2010 , Apture announced their browser extension , Apture Highlights , which enabled users to instantaneously search for content from around the web without leaving the page . The Firefox version of Apture Highlights was downloaded about 500,000 times .   On November 12 , 2011 , Apture announced that it had been acquired by Google .   On December 20 , 2011 , Apture disabled its scripts and discontinued its products and services .

neg: Sergey Brin Sergey Mikhaylovich Brin ( Серге́й Миха́йлович Брин born August 21 , 1973 ) is a Russian American computer scientist , internet entrepreneur , and philanthropist . Together with Larry Page , he co-founded Google . Brin is the President of Google 's parent company Alphabet Inc. .   , Brin is the 13th richest person in the world , with an estimated net worth of US$ 39.8 billion .   Brin immigrated to the United States with his family from the Soviet Union at the age of 6 . He earned his bachelor 's degree at the University of Maryland , following in his father 's and grandfather 's footsteps by studying mathematics , as well as computer science . After graduation , he moved to Stanford University to acquire a PhD in computer science . There he met Page , with whom he later became friends . They crammed their dormitory room with inexpensive computers and applied Brin 's data mining system to build a web search engine . The program became popular at Stanford , and they suspended their PhD studies to start up Google in a rented garage .   The Economist referred to Brin as an `` Enlightenment Man '' , and as someone who believes that `` knowledge is always good , and certainly always better than ignorance '' , a philosophy that is summed up by Google 's mission statement , `` Organize the world 's information and make it universally accessible and useful , '' and unofficial yet sometimes controversial motto , `` Do n't be evil '' .

neg: Anna Patterson Anna Patterson has been described as one of the most important women in technology , winner of the 2016 ABIE Award , and one of the seminal contributors to search engines . She is currently Vice President of Engineering , Artificial Intelligence at Google . She is also currently a trustee at Harvey Mudd College and a trustee at the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute and on the National Engineering Council at Washington University in St. Louis . She is a co-founder of Progressive Women of Silicon Valley which helps host candidates and causes in Silicon Valley .   While she was working in Google 's Android organization , Patterson was responsible for a division of Google Play including Books and Search , Recommendations and Infrastructure for scaling up Android from 40 million phones to over 800 million phones . Before joining Android at Google , she was the principal architect of one of the firm 's largest search serving systems - TeraGoogle - and also led efforts in web search , advertisements and shopping .   She was a co-founder of Cuil , a clustering-based search engine and wrote Recall.archive.org ( part of the Wayback Machine ) , a history-based search engine out of the Internet Archive , which showed trends over time . She wrote `` Why writing your own search engine is hard '' in the ACM Queue about this experience .   Patterson received her B.S. in Computer Science and another in Electrical Engineering from Washington University and her Ph.D. from the University of Illinois at Urbana -- Champaign and was a Research Scientist at Stanford University in Artificial Intelligence working with John McCarthy on Phenomenal Data Mining and Carolyn Talcott on theorem provers .

neg: Pages (word processor) Pages is a word processor developed by Apple Inc. . It is part of the iWork productivity suite and runs on the macOS and iOS operating systems . The first version of Pages was announced on January 11 , 2005 , and was released one month later . The most recent Macintosh version , Pages 6.1.1 , was last updated on April 25 , 2017 . Pages is marketed by Apple as an easy-to-use application that allows users to quickly create documents on their devices . A number of Apple-designed templates comprising different themes ( such as letters , résumés , posters , and outlines ) , are included with Pages . Many advanced features that were available in version 4.3 , including mail merge , bookmarks , text box linking , advanced find/replace , alternating left-right margins ( along with alternating left-right headers and footers ) , 2-up `` page spread '' viewing , non-contiguous text selection , and robust Applescript support were not included in version 5 . Also , many of the templates available in version 4.3 have been removed in version 5 , but some templates can be found on other locations . For instance , there 's a free screenplay template for Apple Pages which has been compiled according to Final Draft 's Cole & Haag standard . See external link below .

neg: Sive, Paget & Riesel Sive , Paget & Riesel ( SPR ) is a law firm located in New York City primarily focusing on land use and environmental law . The firm is among the oldest environmental law firms in the United States , tracing its origins back over fifty years . The firm has been consistently ranked in the top tier of environmental law firms in New York .   SPR is the successor firm to Winer , Neuberger and Sive , founded in New York City in 1962 .   SPR practices all aspects of environmental law , including litigation and environmental impact review , and represents numerous real-estate developers and municipalities in the New York metropolitan area . SPR counts among its clients the New York State Urban Development Corporation and the Natural Resources Defense Council .   SPR founding partner David Sive , who died in March 2014 , was described by the Wall Street Journal as the `` Father of Environmental Law . '' In 1988 , the New York Times called Sive `` a pioneer in litigation to end pollution of New York 's Hudson River '' and `` an elder statesman of environmental law . '' In videotaped comments commemorating the firm 's 50th anniversary , Sive recalled the firm 's involvement in the `` beginning of the modern environmental movement '' and stated that `` we took part in the creation of a new body of law . '' The firm , according to him , was the first `` to bring any action under the Environmental Policy Act , '' in a case involving Hilton Head Island in South Carolina . The firm also `` established ... the first committee on Environmental Law with the New York City Bar Association , which may have been the first in the country . ''

neg: Atomic orbital In quantum mechanics , an atomic orbital is a mathematical function that describes the wave-like behavior of either one electron or a pair of electrons in an atom . This function can be used to calculate the probability of finding any electron of an atom in any specific region around the atom 's nucleus . The term , atomic orbital , may also refer to the physical region or space where the electron can be calculated to be present , as defined by the particular mathematical form of the orbital .   Each orbital in an atom is characterized by a unique set of values of the three quantum numbers , , and , which respectively correspond to the electron 's energy , angular momentum , and an angular momentum vector component ( the magnetic quantum number ) . Each such orbital can be occupied by a maximum of two electrons , each with its own spin quantum number . The simple names s orbital , p orbital , d orbital and f orbital refer to orbitals with angular momentum quantum number and respectively . These names , together with the value of , are used to describe the electron configurations of atoms . They are derived from the description by early spectroscopists of certain series of alkali metal spectroscopic lines as sharp , principal , diffuse , and fundamental . Orbitals for > 3 continue alphabetically , omitting j ( g , h , i , k , ... ) because some languages do not distinguish between the letters `` i '' and `` j '' .   Atomic orbitals are the basic building blocks of the atomic orbital model ( alternatively known as the electron cloud or wave mechanics model ) , a modern framework for visualizing the submicroscopic behavior of electrons in matter . In this model the electron cloud of a multi-electron atom may be seen as being built up ( in approximation ) in an electron configuration that is a product of simpler hydrogen-like atomic orbitals . The repeating periodicity of the blocks of 2 , 6 , 10 , and 14 elements within sections of the periodic table arises naturally from the total number of electrons that occupy a complete set of s , p , d and f atomic orbitals , respectively , although for higher values of the quantum number , particularly when the atom in question bears a positive charge , the energies of certain sub-shells become very similar and so the order in which they are said to be populated by electrons ( e.g. Cr = -LSB- Ar -RSB- 4s13d5 and Cr2 + = -LSB- Ar -RSB- 3d4 ) can only be rationalized somewhat arbitrarily .

neg: Urs Hölzle Urs Hölzle ( -LSB- ˈʊrs ˈhœltslɛ -RSB- ) is a Swiss software engineer and technology executive . He is the senior vice president of technical infrastructure and Google Fellow at Google . As Google 's eighth employee and its first VP of Engineering , he has shaped much of Google 's development processes and infrastructure .

neg: FindArticles FindArticles was a website which provided access to articles previously published in over 3,000 magazines , journals , and other sources . The site offered free and paid content through the HighBeam Research database . In 2008 , FindArticles accessed over 11 million resource articles , going back to 1998 .   The site was founded in 2000 as a partnership between LookSmart , which authored the search technology , and the Gale Group , which provided the articles . The two companies had first partnered to provide content in August of that year , and FindArticles.com soon resulted . As it grew , FindArticles moved away from an all-free model driven by advertising to a mixture of free and paid content .   The site remained a part of LookSmart throughout the various changes in that company until it was sold to CNET Networks for $ 20.5 million on November 8 , 2007 , as part of a larger sell-off of LookSmart properties . Looksmart 's need to offload non-critical assets in the wake of poor corporate performance , along with CNET 's commensurate desire to expand its library of offerings , motivated the deal . FindArticles '' ' SEO value -- i.e. , the frequency with which its articles appear as search engine results -- likely factored into the final purchase price.FindArticles had been part of the BNET division of CNET Networks .   Sometime in 2012 , the URL became a redirect to Search.com '' . which is owned by CBS Interactive .

neg: Google Calendar Google Calendar is a time-management and scheduling calendar service developed by Google . It became available as a limited beta release on April 13 , 2006 , and exited the beta stage in July 2009 . It is available on the web and as mobile apps for the Android and iOS mobile operating systems .   Google Calendar allows users to create and edit events . Reminders can be enabled for events , with options available for type and time . Event locations can also be added , and other users can be invited to events . Users can enable or disable the visibility of special calendars , including Birthdays , where the app retrieves dates of births from Google contacts and displays birthday cards on a yearly basis , and Holidays , a country-specific calendar that displays dates of special occasions . Over time , Google has added functionality that makes use of machine learning , including `` Events from Gmail '' , where event information from a user 's Gmail messages are automatically added to Google Calendar ; `` Reminders '' , where users add to-do activities that can be automatically updated with new information ; `` Smart Suggestions '' , where the app recommends titles , contacts , and locations when creating events ; and `` Goals '' , where users enter information on a specified personal goal , and the app automatically schedules the activity at optimal times .   Google Calendar 's mobile apps have received polarized reviews . 2015 reviews of the Android and iOS apps both praised and criticized the design . While some critics praised the design for being `` cleaner '' , `` bold '' and making use of `` colorful graphics '' , other reviewers asserted that the graphics took up too much space . The Smart Suggestions feature was also liked and disliked , with varying levels of success in the app actually managing to suggest relevant information upon event creation . The integration between Google Calendar and Gmail was praised , however , with critics writing that `` all of the relevant details are there '' . The iOS app has been criticized for its lack of iPad support , and for the lack of a widget in the iOS Notification Center . An update in March 2017 added iPad support , and a blog post by Google announced that a Notification Center widget is coming in a future update .

neg: Patrick Pichette Patrick Pichette is an executive who was senior vice president and chief financial officer of Google Inc from 2008 until 2015 .

neg: Graphiq Graphiq ( formerly FindTheBest ) is a semantic technology company that uses artificial intelligence to rapidly create interactive data-driven infographics . Its intent is similar to Wolfram Alpha which is designed to provide users with direct information on a variety of subjects rather than going through a search engine . Graphiq 's flagship product for online content creators , Graphiq Search , allows users to access it 's library of 10B + interactive visualizations . Additionally , Graphiq offers 22 vertically aligned research sites that allow consumers to research important topics . The company states that 33 million visitors use Graphiq research sites every month . The data from Graphiq is mined from a variety of public and private sources and presented to users in a visual table with filters and ratings .   Graphiq is based in Santa Barbara , California and has raised $ 32 million in total funding from venture funding companies by 2013 .

neg: Google Dashboard In computing , Google Dashboard lets users of the Internet view and manage personal data collected about them by Google Inc. .  With an account , Google Dashboard allows users to have a summary view of their Google + , Google location history , Google web history , Google Play apps , YouTube and more . Once logged in , it summarizes data for each product the user uses and provides direct links to the products . The program allows setting preferences for personal account products .   The only information that is shared with Google Dashboard is information generated while one is logged into an account . All data in Dashboard is considered private unless settings are changed . Google allows the user control of all the information that they provide and allows the data submitted to be purged from each app .   Two step verification , web history , location history , and preferences are available for all applications .

neg: Nexus 7 (2013) The second generation Nexus 7 is a mini tablet computer co-developed by Google and Asus that runs the Android operating system . It is the third tablet in the Google Nexus series , a family of Android consumer devices marketed by Google and built by an original equipment manufacturer partner . Following the success of the original Nexus 7 , a second generation of the device was released on July 26 , 2013 , four days earlier than the originally scheduled date due to early releases from various retailers . The tablet was the first device to ship with version 4.3 of Android .   The second iteration of the 7 in tablet , code named `` Razor '' , has various upgrades from the previous generation , including a 1.5 GHz quad-core Snapdragon S4 Pro processor , 2 GB of memory , a 1920 × 1200 pixel display ( 323 pixels per inch ; 127 ppcm ) , dual cameras ( 1.2 MP front , 5 MP rear ) , stereo speakers , built-in inductive Qi wireless charging , and a SlimPort ( via micro USB connector ) capable of full high-definition video output to an external display .

neg: Google Gadgets Google Gadgets are dynamic web content that can be embedded on a web page . They can be added to and interact strongly with Google 's iGoogle personalized home page ( discontinued in November 2013 , although iGoogle Gadgets still work on other websites ) and the Google Desktop ( discontinued in September 2011 ) application , as well as Google Wave ( also no longer supported by Google ) and Google Sites . Webmasters can add and customize a gadget to their own business or personal web site , a process called `` syndication '' .   Gadgets are developed by Google and third-party developers using the Google Gadgets API , using basic web technologies such as XML and JavaScript .

neg: Novell Novell , Inc. . -LSB- noʊˈvɛl -RSB- was a software and services company headquartered in Provo , Utah . It had been instrumental in making Utah Valley a focus for technology and software development . Novell technology contributed to the emergence of local area networks , which displaced the dominant mainframe computing model and changed computing worldwide .   The company was originally an independent corporate entity until it was acquired as a wholly owned subsidiary by The Attachmate Group ; this later was acquired in 2014 by Micro Focus International , of which Novell is now a division .

neg: OpenIPO OpenIPO is a modified Dutch auction which allows shares of an initial public offering ( IPO ) to be allocated in an impartial way . It is a variation on the traditional way that shares are sold during the IPO process and results in all successful bidders paying the same price per share .   Based on an auction system designed by the economist William Vickrey , the OpenIPO auction uses a mathematical model to treat all qualifying bids in an impartial way . It is similar to the model used to auction Treasury bills , notes , and bonds . Just like in a typical auction , the highest bidders win in an OpenIPO auction , but there are important differences . In the OpenIPO auction , the entire auction is private , and winning bidders all pay the same price per share -- the public offering price .   WR Hambrecht + Co has used OpenIPO to take a number of companies public including Morningstar , Interactive Brokers Group , Overstock.com , Ravenswood Winery , Clean Energy Fuels , Boston Beer Company , and , most notably , functioned as co-manager to take Google public in 2004 , using the Dutch auction system . Many traditional investment banks have balked at the idea of using an auction process , such as OpenIPO to engage in public securities offerings as this new method allows for equal access to the allocation of shares and eliminates the `` behind the scenes '' dealings of shares and favorable treatment often found in conventional IPOs . Despite other banks ' resistance to using this method , however , OpenIPO has been used for over 20 public offerings .   Financial historians Richard Sylla and Robert E. Wright have shown that before the Civil War most early U.S. corporations sold shares in themselves directly to the public without the aid of intermediaries like investment banks . The direct public offering or DPO , as they term it , was not done by auction but rather at a share price set by the issuing corporation . The DPO eliminated the agency problem associated with offerings intermediated by investment banks but was not as effective at price discovery .

neg: Division (business) A division of a business , sometimes called a business sector , is one of the parts into which a business , organization or company is divided . The divisions are distinct parts of that business . If these divisions are all part of the same company , then that company is legally responsible for all of the obligations and debts of the divisions . However , in a large organization , various parts of the business may be run by different subsidiaries , and a business division may include one or many subsidiaries . Each subsidiary is a separate legal entity owned by the primary business or by another subsidiary in the hierarchy . Often a division operates under a separate name and is the equivalent of a corporation or limited liability company obtaining a fictitious name or `` doing business as '' certificate and operating a business under that fictitious name . Companies often set up business units to operate in divisions prior to the legal formation of subsidiaries .   Generally , only an `` entity '' , e.g. a corporation , public limited company ( plc ) or limited liability company , etc. would have a `` division '' ; an individual operating in this manner would simply be `` operating under a fictitious name '' .   An example of this would be to look at Hewlett Packard ( HP ) , the computer and printer company . HP has several divisions , with the printer division , that makes laser and inkjet printers , being the largest and most profitable division . The divisions of HP , like the Printing & Multifunction division , the Handheld Devices ( includes the old calculator ) division , the Servers division ( mini and mainframe computers ) , etc. , all use the HP brand name . But , Compaq ( a part of HP since 2002 ) , operates as a subsidiary , using the Compaq brand name .   Mack Trucks continues to run itself separately , but is a wholly owned subsidiary of AB Volvo . Volvo Trucks also sells trucks under the Volvo name . Within Mack , there is a division named Mack de Venezuela C.A. that does final assembly and sells trucks in South America .   Another less obvious example is that Google Video is a division of Google , and is part of the same corporate entity . But the YouTube video service is a subsidiary of Google because it remains operated as YouTube , LLC , a separate business entity even though it is owned by Google .

neg: Semantic publishing Semantic publishing on the Web , or semantic web publishing , refers to publishing information on the web as documents accompanied by semantic markup . Semantic publication provides a way for computers to understand the structure and even the meaning of the published information , making information search and data integration more efficient .   Although semantic publishing is not specific to the Web , it has been driven by the rising of the semantic web . In the semantic web , published information is accompanied by metadata describing the information , providing a `` semantic '' context .   Although semantic publishing has the potential to change the face of web publishing , acceptance depends on the emergence of compelling applications . Web sites can already be built with all contents in both HTML format and semantic format . RSS1 .0 , uses RDF ( a semantic web standard ) format , although it has become less popular than RSS2 .0 and Atom .   Semantic publishing has the potential to revolutionize scientific publishing . Tim Berners-Lee predicted in 2001 that the semantic web `` will likely profoundly change the very nature of how scientific knowledge is produced and shared , in ways that we can now barely imagine '' . Revisiting the semantic web in 2006 , he and his colleagues believed the semantic web `` could bring about a revolution in how , for example , scientific content is managed throughout its life cycle '' . Researchers could directly self-publish their experiment data in `` semantic '' format on the web . Semantic search engines could then make these data widely available . The W3C interest group in healthcare and life sciences is exploring this idea .


query: In 2001, Leonard Cohen released a popular album.

pos: Leonard Cohen Leonard Norman Cohen ( September 21 , 1934 -- November 7 , 2016 ) was a Canadian singer , songwriter , musician , poet , novelist , and painter . His work explored religion , politics , isolation , sexuality , and personal relationships . Cohen was inducted into the Canadian Music Hall of Fame , the Canadian Songwriters Hall of Fame , and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame . He was a Companion of the Order of Canada , the nation 's highest civilian honor . In 2011 , Cohen received one of the Prince of Asturias Awards for literature and the ninth Glenn Gould Prize .   Cohen pursued a career as a poet and novelist during the 1950s and early 1960s ; he did not launch a music career until 1967 , at the age of 33 . His first album , Songs of Leonard Cohen ( 1967 ) , was followed by three more albums of folk music : Songs from a Room ( 1969 ) , Songs of Love and Hate ( 1971 ) and New Skin for the Old Ceremony ( 1974 ) . His 1977 record Death of a Ladies ' Man was co-written and produced by Phil Spector , which was a move away from Cohen 's previous minimalist sound . In 1979 , Cohen returned with the more traditional Recent Songs , which blended his acoustic style with jazz and Oriental and Mediterranean influences . Perhaps Cohen 's most famous song , `` Hallelujah '' was first released on his studio album Various Positions in 1984 . I 'm Your Man in 1988 marked Cohen 's turn to synthesized productions and remains his most popular album . In 1992 , Cohen released its follow-up , The Future , which had dark lyrics and references to political and social unrest .   Cohen returned to music in 2001 with the release of Ten New Songs , which was a major hit in Canada and Europe . His eleventh album , Dear Heather , followed in 2004 . After a successful string of tours between 2008 and 2010 , Cohen released three albums in the final four years of his life : Old Ideas ( 2012 ) , Popular Problems ( 2014 ) and You Want It Darker ( 2016 ) , the last of which was released three weeks before his death .

pos: Ten New Songs Ten New Songs is Leonard Cohen 's tenth studio album , released in 2001 . It was co-written and produced by Sharon Robinson . It was produced in Cohen 's and Robinson 's home studios in Los Angeles . It was also his first album in nearly 10 years . The album peaked at # 143 on the Billboard 200 , # 4 in Canada ( where it went platinum ) , # 1 in Poland ( where it went platinum ) and # 1 in Norway .

neg: Songs (Regina Spektor album) Songs is the second album by singer-songwriter Regina Spektor . The album was recorded in its entirety on Christmas Day of 2001 ; all songs were recorded in one take . Copies of the self-released album were sold at Spektor 's early live shows . The album is still sold at shows , and is available for purchase periodically at the independent CD retailer CDBaby.com .

neg: Barry Manilow Live Barry Manilow Live is the fifth album by the singer-songwriter Barry Manilow . The album was released in 1977 , and it scored quadruple platinum .   Manilow also was among 1977 Special Tony Award winners Lily Tomlin , Diana Ross , National Theatre For the Deaf and Equity Library Theatre honored with the award that year . He received it for Barry Manilow on Broadway , his 12-day stay at the Uris Theatre from December 21 , 1976 to January 2 , 1977 , where this live album was recorded .   The album is known for giving the first commercial release to Manilow 's VSM ( `` Very Strange Medley '' ) . Before the performance Manilow refers to this as a medley of songs that he included in his act against the values of his `` artsy fartsy friends '' . It is a medley of commercial jingles Manilow was involved with , either as a writer or performer , before he became a chart star . The products/companies these promoted include Kentucky Fried Chicken , State Farm , Stridex , Band-Aid , Bowlene , Dr. Pepper , Pepsi and McDonald 's .   When first released on compact disc , dialogue and all movements to `` Beautiful Music '' were omitted for it all to fit on one disc , however the 2006 compact disc re-release restores all dialogue and songs , in addition to reordering the track listing to accommodate for the added bonus tracks .

neg: A Night at the Met A Night at the Met is the third official album release by Robin Williams on August 9 , 1986 . It features segments recorded live at Metropolitan Opera House in New York City . The album won the 1988 Grammy Award for Best Comedy Performance Single or Album , Spoken or Musical .   The album was released the year before Williams ' critically acclaimed performance in the motion picture Good Morning , Vietnam ( 1987 ) . He had been shifting his focus from stand-up comedy to film making for several years , and A Night at the Met would be one of his last major concerts during the 1980s . The show is a mix of Williams ' quick-witted humor and voice work , with rants on the topics of drugs , sex , world affairs , and parenting . References to the events and people of the 1980s are mentioned heavily throughout ; U.S. President Ronald Reagan , Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi , and President of the Soviet Union Mikhail Gorbachev are central to many of the jokes .

neg: Radio Now Live Radio Now Live is a 2001 live comedy album by The Firesign Theatre .

neg: Metropolitan Klezmer Metropolitan Klezmer is a New York band that was established in 1994 .  While clearly a Klezmer band , Metropolitan Klezmer takes an eclectic approach to Yiddish musical genres from around the globe .   Songlines magazine calls them `` One of the finest American klezmer bands '' .   The band was formed by drummer ( and Yiddish film scholar ) Eve Sicular with Ismail Butera ( accordion ) , Michael Hess ( violin , ney flutes , kanun zither ) , Dave Hofstra ( bass and tuba ) , and klezmer legend Howie Leess ( 1920-2003 ) ( clarinet & tenor sax ) .  The group expanded to include vocalist Deborah Karpel and a dynamic horn section : Debra Kreisberg ( clarinet/alto sax ) , Pam Fleming ( trumpet/fluegelhorn ) , and Rick Faulkner ( trombone ) .   Individually , Metropolitan Klezmer players have worked with such diverse artists as Bonnie Raitt , The Toasters , Bill Frisell , Toshi Reagon , Juan Carlos Formell , Indigo Girls , Burning Spear , Amy Sedaris , Max Roach , Rufus Wainwright , Nora York , and the Microscopic Septet , as well as Jewish music performers from the Klezmatics and Andy Statman to David Krakauer , Sephardic stars Alhambra and SF 's Charming Hostess .   The band 's CDs have enjoyed positive reviews , awards , and worldwide airplay . Their array of songs includes wedding dances , folk tunes , modal slapstick , odd meter Hanuka fare , postwar Yiddish poetry , Turkish - and Arabic-tinged klezmer traditionals , Hungarian Jewish prayer melody , labor protest hymn , Second Avenue swing classics , vintage Yiddish film soundtrack tangos , love ballads , and originals . They mix modern and traditional instruments and arrangements .

neg: 12 Songs (Neil Diamond album) 12 Songs is the twenty-sixth studio album by Neil Diamond , released in 2005 . It was his first album of all-original , all-new material since 2001 's Three Chord Opera . It was produced by Rick Rubin and is often erroneously cited as the first Diamond album since the Bang Records era to feature the artist playing acoustic guitar ; in truth he played guitar on his Uni/MCA output and his Columbia output , possibly uncredited on most , if not all , albums .   The working title for the album was self-titled . The original pressing of the album was copy-protected using Sony 's controversial XCP technology .

neg: Various Positions Various Positions is the seventh studio album by Leonard Cohen , released in December 1984 ( and February 1985 ) . It marked not only his turn to the modern sound and use of synthesizers ( particularly on the opening track ) , but also , after the harmonies and backing vocals from Jennifer Warnes on the previous Recent Songs ( 1979 ) , an even greater contribution from Warnes , who is credited equally to Cohen as vocalist on all of the tracks .

neg: The Byrds' Greatest Hits The Byrds ' Greatest Hits is the first greatest hits album by the American rock band The Byrds and was released in August 1967 on Columbia Records ( see 1967 in music ) . It is the top-selling album in The Byrds ' catalogue and reached # 6 on the Billboard Top LPs chart but failed to break into the UK Albums Chart . The album provides a summary of The Byrds ' history during Gene Clark and David Crosby 's tenure with the band and also functions as a survey of the group 's hit singles from 1965 to 1967 , a period when the band had its greatest amount of success on the singles chart . Most of the band 's U.S. A-sides from this period are included on the album , along with three of their more important album tracks : `` I 'll Feel a Whole Lot Better '' , `` The Bells of Rhymney '' , and `` Chimes of Freedom '' . The three U.S. singles from this period that are not included on the album are `` Set You Free This Time '' , `` Have You Seen Her Face '' and `` Lady Friend '' ( although these songs have been included as bonus tracks on various CD reissues of the album ) . All of the songs included on the original Greatest Hits album can also be found on the band 's first four albums , Mr. Tambourine Man , Turn ! Turn ! Turn ! , Fifth Dimension and Younger Than Yesterday .   The eight tracks on The Byrds ' Greatest Hits that had been singles peaked at the following positions on the Billboard Hot 100 : `` 5D ( Fifth Dimension ) '' # 44 ; `` All I Really Want to Do '' # 40 ; `` Mr. Spaceman '' # 36 ; `` My Back Pages '' # 30 ; `` So You Want to Be a Rock 'n' Roll Star '' # 29 ; `` Eight Miles High '' # 14 ; `` Turn ! Turn ! Turn ! '' # 1 ; and `` Mr. Tambourine Man '' # 1 . In addition , four of the singles included on the album had charted in the United Kingdom , peaking at the following positions on the UK Singles Chart : `` Turn ! Turn ! Turn ! '' # 26 ; `` Eight Miles High '' # 24 ; `` All I Really Want to Do '' # 4 ; and `` Mr. Tambourine Man '' # 1 . In particular , the `` Eight Miles High '' , `` Turn ! Turn ! Turn ! '' , and `` Mr. Tambourine Man '' singles were widely influential during the 1960s , a time when singles , at least in pop music , were as important in their own right as albums , and generally more so . `` Turn ! Turn ! Turn ! '' summed up the decade 's counter-cultural values as much as `` Blowin ' in the Wind '' , '' ( I Ca n't Get No ) Satisfaction '' or `` All You Need Is Love '' , while `` Mr. Tambourine Man '' and `` Eight Miles High '' helped to introduce the subgenres of folk rock and psychedelic rock respectively into the popular music of the day .

neg: Leonard Rose Leonard Rose ( July 27 , 1918 -- November 16 , 1984 ) was an American cellist and pedagogue .   Rose was born in Washington , D.C. ; his parents were immigrants from Kiev , Ukraine . Rose took lessons from Walter Grossman , Frank Miller and Felix Salmond and after completing his studies at Philadelphia 's Curtis Institute of Music at age 20 , he joined Arturo Toscanini 's NBC Symphony Orchestra , and almost immediately became associate principal . At 21 he was principal cellist of the Cleveland Orchestra and at 26 was the principal of the New York Philharmonic .   He made many recordings as a soloist after 1951 , including concertos with conductors such as Leonard Bernstein , Eugene Ormandy , George Szell and Bruno Walter among others . Rose also joined with Isaac Stern and Eugene Istomin in a celebrated piano trio .   Rose 's legacy as a teacher remains to this day : his students from the Juilliard School , Curtis Institute and Ivan Galamian 's Meadowmount Summer School fill the sections of many American orchestras , notably those of the Boston Symphony Orchestra , Cleveland Orchestra , Philadelphia Orchestra , and the New York Philharmonic . His pupils include Lori Singer , Raymond Davis , Desmond Hoebig , Peter Stumpf , Fred Sherry , Christopher von Baeyer , Myung-wha Chung , Patrick Sohn Thomas Demenga , Stephen Kates , Lynn Harrell , Yehuda Hanani , Hans Jørgen Jensen , Steven Honigberg , Eric Kim , Bruce Uchimura , Donald Whitton , Yo-Yo Ma , Ronald Leonard , Steven Pologe , Sara Sant ` Ambrogio , Matt Haimovitz , Richard Hirschl , John Sant ' Ambrogio , and Marijane Carr Siegal .  He played an Amati cello dated 1662 , played today by Gary Hoffman .  Rose died in White Plains , New York , of leukemia .   In November 2009 , a memorial marker was placed for Rose in the Mt. Ararat Cemetery in Farmingdale , New York , next to the grave of his first wife , Minnie Knopow Rose , who died in 1964 . Minnie and Leonard met at Curtis , where she studied viola .   His second wife was Xenia Petschek , whom he married in January 1965 . Xenia Rose died in 2002 .

neg: Asia 2001 Asia 2001 is a goa trance music project from France . Behind Asia 2001 is Gilbert Thevenet AKA Martin Cooper , a known pioneer on the electronic scene .  Asia 2001 's style is melodic trance , and he aims to produce strong , atmospheric music . Martin Cooper is also known as Loren-X , and had in the past released albums on R&S , Polygram , F-Com and Distance .  Martin Cooper established Trans Pact Productions in 1992 with his wife Thaisha . Trans Pact has released numerous singles and albums , including Spectral 's ` Trance O 10 C ' , which was followed by the release `` Goa Exit '' , Transwave 's first single .   Asia 2001 collaborated with DJ Anti ( Spiral Trax ) in 1995 and produced the first Toires album in 1996 . The breakthrough came with the release ` Lunar Attraction ' on the label Koyote .  In 1997 , Asia 2001 was signed to Avatar Records and released the albums ` Ama Zone ' and ` Dreamland ' . Both albums were licensed by Sony Music in South East Asia . In 2001 , Asia 2001 released a 12-inch EP ` X-Ray ' , followed by the album ` Abduction ' . The album ` Amnesia ' ( double CD ) was released in 2005 . The album includes re-mastered rare works and singles .   Asia 2001 has performed live all over Europe , including Berlin 's Love Parade , Israel , USA and Canada . He played in New York 's legendary clubs like the Limelight and Tunnel , with appearances and stage sharing with leading artists including Carl Cox , Robert Leiner , Laurent Garnier , Jeff Miles and Jennifer Lopez .

neg: Music of the Spheres Society Inspired by the Neoplatonic academies of 16th and 17th-century Italy , which combined discourse with musical presentations , the Music of the Spheres Society was founded in 2001 by its artistic director and violinist , Stephanie Chase , and hornist Ann Ellsworth . Its first concert took place in New York City on November 1 , 2001 , the proceeds of which were donated to families of firefighters from two nearby stations who were killed at the World Trade Center disaster .   The mission of the Society is to promote classical music through innovative chamber music concerts and pre-concert lectures which illuminate music 's historical , philosophical and scientific foundations , in order to give greater context for music to the average audience member .   The Music of the Spheres Society features a core group of artists - Stephanie Chase ( violin ) , Hsin-Yun Huang ( viola ) , and Jon Manasse ( clarinet ) - plus guest artists that include soloists , chamber musicians , and principal members of the Metropolitan Opera Orchestra . Its concerts feature works composed for one to nine performers , dating from the 16th to 21st centuries . Many of the Society 's artists specialize in historically informed performance practices or contemporary music .   Of a performance by the Society of Messiaen 's Quartet for the End of Time , a New York Times critic wrote : `` These musicians brought the music vividly to life in every particular . They should be playing it everywhere . They should go on the road with it tomorrow . ''   Concert programs presented by the Society explore the contexts of music and include chamber music master-pieces , lesser-known works , and world or US premieres . Contemporary music performed by the Society has included world premieres and works by Edward Applebaum , John Harbison , Lou Harrison , and Jose Evangelista . Works by less-known composers - such as Juan Arriaga , Johan Kvandal , Leoš Janáček , Jan Dussek , Zdenek Fibich , and Bohuslav Martinu - are programmed alongside composers such as Brahms , Schubert , Mozart , Ravel , Beethoven , and Prokofiev .   Since 2001 the Society has presented a series of chamber music concerts in New York City - at venues that include Weill Recital Hall at Carnegie Hall , Merkin Concert Hall , the Society for Ethical Culture - and has been presented by concert organizations that include The Metropolitan Museum of Art , Dallas Chamber Music and Troy ( NY ) Friends of Music . The Society presents concerts on both original and modern style instruments .   Lectures presented by the Society focus primarily on a philosophical , scientific , or historic aspect of music and reveal some of the historic contexts of composed music . Guest lecturers have included music historians , an organologist , a Freudian analyst , music therapists , and ethnomusicologists .   `` Music of the Spheres '' is a term applied to an idea put forth by the Greek scholar Pythagoras ( 6th century BCE ) and his followers , among them Plato and Kepler , that the proportional ratios used to describe musical intervals also refer to those of the physical universe , including the orbiting motion of planets . Pythagoras recognized the innate connection between musical sound , or its `` pitch , '' and the physical characteristics of an object producing that sound . He is credited with discovering the physical laws of musical sound through his observations that the ratio of mass - as in a vibrating string length sounding an interval - of a fifth is 2:3 , that of an octave is 1:2 , and that of the fourth is 3:4 . Thus , he proved that there is a correlation between the vibrations of sound and the physical world , such as that of numbers and proportion . ( See Music and mathematics . )   Incorporated in February 2002 , the Music of the Spheres Society is a non-profit , 501 c ( 3 ) organization .

neg: Less Than Zero (song) `` Less Than Zero '' is the eighth track on Elvis Costello 's debut album My Aim Is True , and the first Costello single that Stiff Records released .   The song expressed Costello 's anger after seeing former British Union of Fascists leader Oswald Mosley interviewed on television attempting to deny his racist past . In the liner notes to the Rhino edition of the album , Costello writes :   The song therefore fits in with a number of others on early Costello albums that deal with themes of fascism and totalitarianism , which also include `` Night Rally '' from This Year 's Model and `` Goon Squad '' from Armed Forces . In this case , a racist and totalitarian movement is seen in terms of sub rosa teenage sex : `` Turn up the TV ... Even your mother wo n't detect it/So your father wo n't know . ''   Allmusic critic Mark Deming describes the melody as `` slow , slinky -LSB- and -RSB- sinister . '' Deming also suggests that the melody shows some reggae influences , even though the rhythm does not incorporate reggae syncopations . Deming describes the song as `` controversial , audacious , and highly effective '' as well as `` a truly remarkable debut . ''   On his first visit to the United States , Costello found that American audiences did n't understand the song , writing in his 2015 autobiography , Unfaithful Music and Disappearing Ink , `` I 'm not sure if anyone in Cleveland has ever heard of Oswald Mosley or gave a damn about him when we played `` Less Than Zero '' that night . It was just some rock and roll music with a fashionable-sounding title '' . Later , he substantially rewrote the lyrics to refer to Lee Harvey Oswald . This was a reference to the common misconception among American fans that this was the `` Mr. Oswald '' referred to in the original lyrics . This version is usually referred to as the `` Dallas version '' and is available as a bonus track on the My Aim is True reissue , and a live version can be found on Live at the El Mocambo .   The song later provided US author Bret Easton Ellis with the title of his debut novel .   The song was also involved in Costello 's infamous performance on Saturday Night Live on 17 December 1977 . Following pressure from his record company to play the song on the show , Costello began to play the song , but he stopped after only a few bars , saying that `` there 's no reason to do this song here . '' He then launched into an unannounced performance of `` Radio Radio '' , a song he had promised not to play . As a result , he was banned from the show until 1989 . In 2015 , Costello wrote of having seen the Saturday Night Live appearance as an opportunity equivalent to The Beatles ' first live US television performance on -LSB- -LSB- The Ed Sullivan Show -RSB- : '' -LSB- ... -RSB- Columbia insisted that the second song should be `` Less Than Zero '' . The song had already proven to be obscure to many American ears and if this was supposed to be our I Want to Hold Your Hand moment , I thought the song was too low-key '' . He had then come up with the plan to switch songs , inspired by a live performance on the BBC 's The Lulu Show in 1969 in which Jimi Hendrix had scrapped a performance of Hey Joe after a few bars to instead play an impromptu tribute to Cream , who had broken up just days before .   `` Less Than Zero '' appears on the first Stiff Records compilation ; A Bunch of Stiff Records , whilst the B-side , `` Radio Sweetheart '' , appears on their second ; Hits Greatest Stiffs .

neg: Tower of Song `` Tower of Song '' is also the name of a Leonard Cohen song first released on the I 'm Your Man album   Tower of Song : The Songs of Leonard Cohen is a tribute album to Leonard Cohen , released in 1995 on A&M Records . It takes its name from a song by Cohen which originally appeared on Cohen 's album I 'm Your Man . However the song `` Tower of Song '' does not actually appear on this tribute album .   Unlike the 1991 Cohen tribute album I 'm Your Fan , that was recorded by a lineup of alternative rock groups like The House of Love and the Pixies , Tower of Song featured relatively well-known , mainstream artists like Elton John , Sting with The Chieftains , Billy Joel , Peter Gabriel and Bono of U2 . Phil Collins turned down the chance to contribute because he was unavailable .   The album received a negative review from critic Roch Parisien at AllMusic , who called the album `` a total train wreck . '' However , this view was not shared by Cohen himself who discussed his generally positive view of the album with Chris Douridas at KCRW Radio Station , citing his personal preference for Billy Joel 's version of `` Light As the Breeze '' over his own version .

neg: The Marshall Mathers LP The Marshall Mathers LP is the third studio album by American rapper Eminem . It was released on May 23 , 2000 , by Aftermath Entertainment , Interscope Records , and Eminem 's newly founded label , Shady Records in the United States , and on September 11 , 2000 , by Polydor Records in the United Kingdom . The album was produced mostly by Dr. Dre and Eminem , along with The 45 King , the Bass Brothers , and Mel-Man . Released a year after Eminem 's breakout album The Slim Shady LP , the record features more introspective lyricism including the rapper 's response to his sudden rise to fame and controversy surrounding his lyrics .   The album sold more than 1.78 million copies in the US in its first week alone , becoming the fastest-selling studio album by any solo artist in American music history . In 2001 , the album won the Grammy Award for Best Rap Album and was nominated for Album of the Year . Eminem lost the latter to jazz-rock duo Steely Dan and their album Two Against Nature . The album was certified Diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America in March 2011 for shipping 10 million copies in the United States . By December 2016 , the album had sold over 11 million copies in the United States and more than 32 million copies worldwide . A sequel to the album , The Marshall Mathers LP 2 , was released on November 5 , 2013 .

neg: The Joshua Tree The Joshua Tree is the fifth studio album by Irish rock band U2 . It was produced by Daniel Lanois and Brian Eno , and was released on 9 March 1987 on Island Records . In contrast to the ambient experimentation of their 1984 release , The Unforgettable Fire , the band aimed for a harder-hitting sound within the limitation of conventional song structures on The Joshua Tree . The album is influenced by American and Irish roots music , and through sociopolitically conscious lyrics embellished with spiritual imagery , it contrasts the group 's antipathy for the `` real America '' with their fascination with the `` mythical America '' .   Inspired by American tour experiences , literature , and politics , U2 chose America as a theme for the record . Recording began in January 1986 in Ireland , and to foster a relaxed , creative atmosphere , the group primarily recorded in two houses . Several events during the sessions helped shape the conscious tone of the album , including the band 's participation in the Conspiracy of Hope benefit concerts for Amnesty International , the death of roadie Greg Carroll , and lead vocalist Bono 's travels to Central America . Recording was completed in November 1986 ; additional production continued into January 1987 . Throughout the sessions , U2 sought a `` cinematic '' quality for the record , one that would evoke a sense of location , in particular , the open spaces of the United States . They represented this in the sleeve photography depicting them in American desert landscapes .   The Joshua Tree received critical acclaim , topped the charts in over 20 countries , and became the fastest-selling album in British history . According to Rolling Stone , the album increased the band 's stature `` from heroes to superstars '' . It produced the hit singles `` With or Without You '' , `` I Still Have n't Found What I 'm Looking For '' , and `` Where the Streets Have No Name '' , the first two of which became the group 's only number-one singles in the US . The album won Grammy Awards for Album of the Year and Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal in 1988 . The group supported the record with the Joshua Tree Tour throughout 1987 .   Frequently featured on critics ' lists of the greatest records , The Joshua Tree is one of the world 's best-selling albums , with over 25 million copies sold . U2 commemorated the record 's 20th anniversary with a remastered re-release , and its 30th anniversary with announcements of an anniversary concert tour and reissue . In 2014 , it was deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' by the US Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the National Recording Registry .

neg: Green Day discography The American punk rock band Green Day has released 12 studio albums , two live albums , four compilation albums , one soundtrack album , four video albums , 10 extended plays , four box sets , 42 singles , ten promotional singles , and 39 music videos . The band has sold over 85 million records worldwide , including more than 30 million in the United States alone . Green Day released their first two studio albums , 1,039 / Smoothed Out Slappy Hours ( 1991 ) ( consisting of the original `` 39/Smooth '' as well as their first two EP 's `` 1,000 Hours '' and `` Slappy '' ) and Kerplunk ( 1991 ) , through the independent label Lookout ! Records before signing to major label Reprise Records . Dookie , the band 's first album on the label and third studio album overall , was released in February 1994 . It was a breakout success , selling over 10 million copies in the United States and 20 million copies worldwide . Dookie spawned five singles , including the international hits `` Longview '' , Basket Case '' and `` When I Come Around '' . The album placed Green Day at the forefront of the 1990s punk rock revival .   Insomniac , the band 's fourth studio album , was released in October 1995 . While not as successful as Dookie , the album managed to peak at number two on the US Billboard 200 and received a double platinum certification from the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) . Nimrod followed in October 1997 ; it peaked at number ten on the Billboard 200 . Four singles were released from Nimrod ; the most successful of these was `` Good Riddance ( Time of Your Life ) '' , which hit the top ten in countries such as Australia and Canada . The band 's sixth studio album Warning was released in October 2000 to mild commercial success , peaking at number four on the Billboard 200 and only earning a gold certification from the RIAA .   Their seventh studio album American Idiot reignited the band 's popularity with a younger generation . Becoming the band 's first album to top the Billboard 200 , American Idiot sold over six million copies in the United States , and over 14 million copies worldwide . The album spawned five commercially successful singles : `` American Idiot '' , `` Boulevard of Broken Dreams '' , `` Holiday '' , `` Wake Me Up When September Ends '' , and `` Jesus of Suburbia '' . The band 's eighth studio album 21st Century Breakdown followed in May 2009 , topping the Billboard 200 and being certified platinum by the RIAA . Two singles from the album -- `` Know Your Enemy '' and `` 21 Guns '' -- became top 40 hits on the US Billboard Hot 100 . A trilogy of studio albums -- ¡ Uno ! , ¡ Dos ! , and ¡ Tré ! -- were released toward the end of 2012 . ¡ Uno ! , ¡ Dos ! and ¡ Tré ! peaked at numbers two , nine and thirteen respectively on the Billboard 200 . In 2016 , another studio album , Revolution Radio was released and topped the Billboard 200 .

neg: America: A Tribute to Heroes America : A Tribute to Heroes was a benefit concert created by the heads of the four major American broadcast networks ; Fox , ABC , NBC and CBS . Joel Gallen was selected by them to produce and run the show . Actor George Clooney organized celebrities to perform and to staff the telephone bank . The marketing and public relations was headed by Warner Bros. . EVP Corp Comm with assistance from the marketing and publicity departments of all four broadcast networks . It was broadcast live by the four major American television networks and all of the cable networks in the aftermath of the September 11 attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon in 2001 . Done in the style of a telethon , it featured a number of national and international entertainers performing to raise money for the victims and their families , particularly the New York City firefighters and New York City police officers . It aired September 21 , 2001 , uninterrupted and commercial-free , for which it won a Peabody Award . It was released on December 4 , 2001 , on compact disc and DVD .   On a dark stage illuminated by hundreds of candles , twenty-one artists performed songs of mourning and hope , while various actors and other celebrities delivered short spoken messages . The musical performances took place at three studios in Los Angeles ( CBS Television City ) , New York , and London , while the celebrity messages took place at Los Angeles . Some of the musicians including Neil Young and Eddie Vedder were heard working the phone banks taking pledges . The money raised amounted to over $ 200 million , and was given to the United Way 's September 11 Telethon Fund .   In 2004 , Rolling Stone magazine selected this concert , along with the later The Concert for New York City , as one of the 50 moments that changed rock and roll .   The show was also simulcast in Canada ; Young and another Canadian singer , Celine Dion , performed .

neg: 24 Years of Hunger 24 Years of Hunger is a pop music album released in 1991 by & Alice , the collaboration of Eg White and Alice Temple . 24 Years of Hunger was critically acclaimed , although it failed to chart . It is the only album that the duo ever released .   Allmusic describes 24 Years of Hunger as `` one of the finest , most refined and fully realized recordings of the era , employing a much more sophisticated and romantic style than anything else out of England at the time '' .   Allmusic also notes the accolades that 24 Years of Hunger album received from other music critics :   `` Recorded by the pair when they were mere twentysomethings , and predominantly in Eg White 's home , it is nevertheless about as grown-up and elegant as pop music gets . A decade after the recording had all but vanished from circulation , rainsound.net had taken to calling it `` one of the classic albums of the '90s , '' while Q Magazine went a step further when it placed the record on its list of best albums of the 20th century , describing it as having `` the class of Steely Dan and the intriguing detachment of the Blue Nile . '' ''   Martin Rowsell , in The Rough Guide to Rock , notes that while reviewers compared the album to Prefab Sprout and Prince , and Alice cited their own musical influences as John Lennon , Traveling Wilburys , Joe Jackson , Joni Mitchell and Curtis Mayfield . Noting the huge discrepancy between the album 's critical and commercial success , Rowsell speculates that White 's songwriting may have been too personal for mainstream acceptance at the time .

neg: Al Mi Ani Oved Al Mi Ani Oved ( Hebrew : על מי אני עובד , English translation : Who am I Fooling ) is the third and to-date final studio album by the Israeli singer-artist , Yoni Bloch , released in 2008 .   The album is composed of two parts ; one side of the CD containing the album 's eleven songs , and the other side is a DVD containing eleven video clips , one for each of the album 's songs . The clips are presenting the songs as an ongoing story of relationship failure between a man and a woman , ( the man is probably based on Yoni Bloch himself ) resulting in the man 's death . The clips were directed by Alon Banari , that also wrote the scripts of the clips , along with Barak Feldman .   The band members that accompany Bloch in the songs are Tomer Lahav ( Guitar ) , Tal Zovleski ( Guitar ) , Tal Cohen ( Drums ) and Erez Frank ( Bass guitar ) . Vocals are presented by Yael Kraus , that also sang a Duet with Bloch in `` Shir A'her '' ( Another Song ) . Kraus also portrayed the women role in each of the video clips . Bloch 's brother , Daniel , Played the drums in two of the eleven songs of the album .   Yoni Bloch composed all the songs in the album . Most of them were written by Barak Feldman , and some written by both Feldman and Bloch . The songs combine characteristics of rock music , such as electric guitar and yells , along with melodic Piano solos .   Furthermore , this album represents the maturing in Bloch 's music style . While his first album , `` Ulay Ze Ani '' ( Maybe it 's Me ) , had a humoristic atmosphere of sort , this album characterized in dark and melancholic tunes and texts .

neg: May 1977: Get Shown the Light May 1977 : Get Shown the Light is a live album by the rock band the Grateful Dead . It contains four consecutive complete concerts , recorded on May 5 , 7 , 8 , and 9 , 1977 , on eleven CDs . It was released on May 5 , 2017 .   The album was produced as a box set , in a numbered limited edition of 15,000 copies , and includes the previously unpublished book Cornell ' 77 : The Music , the Myth and the Magnificence of the Grateful Dead 's Concert at Barton Hall , by Peter Conners . It was also produced as an `` all music edition '' without the book .   The May 8 show , recorded at Barton Hall in Ithaca , New York , was also released on May 5 , 2017 as a stand-alone album called Cornell 5/8/77 .