query: Svitavy is a place.

pos: Svitavy Svitavy ( -LSB- ˈsvɪtavɪ -RSB- ; Zwittau ) is a town in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic . The town has a population of 18,000 and is also the district administrative centre . It is the birthplace of Oskar Schindler and an important center of the Czech Esperanto movement , with an Esperanto museum that is part of the city museum .

neg: Shatsk, Russia Shatsk is a town and the administrative center of Shatsky District in Ryazan Oblast , Russia , located on the Shacha River ( Tsna 's tributary ) 145 km southeast of Ryazan , the administrative center of the oblast . Population :

neg: Rural council (Ukraine) A rural council or officially , village council ( сільська́ ра́́да , silska rada ) , often shortened to ( сільра́́да , silrada ) is a local government area that is associated with rural populated places in Ukraine . These populated places can refer to either villages ( село , selo ) or rural settlements ( селище , selysche ) .   Their status was defined by a 1997 Verkhovna Rada law `` On the Local Self-Government of Ukraine . ''   In 2015 , there was a total of 10,279 rural councils .

neg: Vinnytsia Vinnytsia ( -LSB- Ві́нниця , Vinnytsia -RSB- , -LSB- ˈβinːɪt͡sʲɐ -RSB- ; -LSB- Ви́нница , Vinnitsa -RSB- Winnica Winniza , and Vinița ) is a city in west-central Ukraine , located on the banks of the Southern Bug .   It is the administrative center of Vinnytsia Oblast and the largest city in the historic region of Podillia . Administratively , it is incorporated as a town of oblast significance . It also serves as an administrative center of Vinnytsia Raion , one of the 27 districts of Vinnytsia Oblast , though it is not a part of the district . Population :   A historic city known since Middle Ages and a former Soviet Cold War-airbase , Vinnytsia is now a modern cosmopolitan city .

neg: Novyi Svit Novyi Svit ( Новий Світ , Novyi Svit -LSB- Но́вый Свет , r = Novy Svet -RSB- Novıy Svet literally : ` New World ' or more correctly ` New Community ' ) is a resort , an urban-type settlement in Sudak Municipality in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea , a territory recognized by a majority of countries as part of Ukraine and incorporated by Russia as the Republic of Crimea . It is known for Novyi Svit sparkling wine produced there . Champagne production was introduced into Novyi Svit by a local landowner , Prince Lev Golitsyn , in the late 19th century . Population :   The town is situated in a very scenic area where numerous Soviet movies were filmed . It boasts some fine beaches , a couple of resort hotels ( one of which was supposed to be for Soviet cosmonauts ) , a several km tunnel inside a mountain where a factory stores its products , and a large juniper forest .

neg: Švábov Švábov ( -LSB- ˈʃvaːbof -RSB- ) is a village and municipality ( obec ) in Jihlava District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic .   The municipality covers an area of 5 km2 , and has a population of 83 ( as at 2 October 2006 ) .   Švábov lies approximately 20 km south-west of Jihlava and 110 km south-east of Prague .

neg: Lubná (Svitavy District) Lubná is a village and municipality ( obec ) in Svitavy District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic .   The municipality covers an area of 19.86 km2 , and has a population of 1,019 ( as at 3 July 2006 ) .   Lubná lies approximately 19 km west of Svitavy , 43 km south-east of Pardubice , and 133 km east of Prague .

neg: Vsetín Vsetín ( -LSB- ˈfsɛciːn -RSB- ) is a town in Zlín Region of the Czech Republic . It has around 28,500 inhabitants and lies on the Vsetínská Bečva river .   The area around Vsetín , called Vsetínsko , is spread out on the foothills of the Vsetín , Hostýn and Vizovice Highlands around the Bečva River . This area features the remains of log houses and cultural monuments of significant importance mainly in Vsetín itself .   The folk culture has been kept alive by Wallachian song and dance groups for many decades . Originally a small town , Vsetín has become an important centre of industrial , economic , cultural and sports life during the last century .

neg: Svietlahorsk Svietlahorsk ( , -LSB- sʲvʲetɫaˈɣorsk -RSB- , Svetlogorsk , until 1961 Šacilki , ) is a town in the Svietlahorsk District of Gomel Region of Belarus , the administrative center of the rajon ( district ) . It is located by the Berezina River and has 68,593 inhabitants ( 2015 estimate ) .   Svietlаhorsk-na-Biarezinie ( Svietlаhorsk on Biarezina ) is also a railroad station on the Zhlobin -- Kalinkavichy railway line .

neg: Květná (Svitavy District) Květná is a village and municipality ( obec ) in Svitavy District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic .   The municipality covers an area of 9.01 km2 , and has a population of 315 ( as at 2 October 2006 ) .   Květná lies approximately 10 km west of Svitavy , 53 km south-east of Pardubice , and 144 km east of Prague .

neg: Svistunovo Svistunovo is the name of several rural localities in Russia .   Svistunovo , Moscow Oblast , a village in Vozdvizhenskoye Rural Settlement of Klinsky District in Moscow Oblast  Svistunovo , Rameshkovsky District , Tver Oblast , a village in Zastolbye Rural Settlement of Rameshkovsky District in Tver Oblast  Svistunovo , Staritsky District , Tver Oblast , a village in Arkhangelskoye Rural Settlement of Staritsky District in Tver Oblast  Svistunovo , Vologda Oblast , a village in Rostilovsky Selsoviet of Gryazovetsky District in Vologda Oblast  Svistunovo , Yaroslavl Oblast , a village in Maryinsky Rural Okrug of Danilovsky District in Yaroslavl Oblast

neg: Svevia Svevia is an independent public company which builds and operates roads and infrastructure in Sweden . Svevia is the fourth largest civil engineering company in the country , with approximately 2,800 employees and a turnover of SEK 7.9 billion ( in 2009 ) . It is the largest road operation and maintenance company in Sweden .   Svevia has its origins in the production division of the former Swedish Road Administration ( Vägverket ) .   The company headquarters is in Solna . The chairman is Christina Rogestam and the president and CEO is Torbjörn Torell .   The name `` Svevia '' is also the Italian-language exonym for Swabia , a historical region of Germany .

neg: Mount Kholodilnik Kholodilnik Mountain ( гора́ Холоди́льник or со́пка Холодильник lit . `` Mt. Refrigerator '' ) , is a mountain in eastern Russia . It is located in Primorsky Krai , and is in the highest peak within the city of Vladivostok .   Mount Kholodilnik ( height 257.9 , was-Mount Myravyov-Amursky ) is the highest point in Vladivostok . Height is 297 meters . There are fortifications : Fort Count Muravyov - Amur Vladivostok fortress , five lettered fortress batteries and Soviet battery № 198 '' Kholodilnik '' . Currently , some fortifications are abandoned , others are on the territory of the military unit .   Tourists want to visit this place to see the Soviet naval battery sample number 198 1935 years and four 130 - mm gun B - 13-3s . There are still buildings and cellars of the former fort of Major-General Count Nikolai Muravyov - Amursky . Many fortifications have long been abandoned , but some of them are now used by the military unit , which is located almost at the top of the mountain .   On the eastern slope of the hill there are many places for a picnic .   There is a spring of pure water .   Geologically the hills to the south of Vladivostok are the Sikhote-Alin .   Slopes on the mountain are used for the open championship of the Far East for downhill and cross-country .   It is also used by mountain paragliders .   So the rules are elements of air , the result of magical work on the hill Fridge is always weather changing .   Therefore , if the weather in city changes completely unexpected , for example suddenly among of the blue sky clouds are formed and it begins to rain , most likely the reason for that is in the magical effect on a hill Fridge .   Or , conversely , when the whole sky is overcast over the city , citizens can see in the sky a large circle of clear sky over the hill forts Refrigerator - It is an evidence of that at this moment being magical work is .   Entrance to the mountain , oddly enough , is under water . Every 3 years products are imported there in the event of war , then they `` close '' the entrance to this place . They say that the food will last for a whole year to feed the city of Vladivostok .   Mount Refrigerator is protected with naval vessels .

neg: Putyvl Putyvl , Putyvl ' or Putivl is a city in north-east Ukraine , in Sumy Oblast . Currently about 20,000 people live in Putyvl .

neg: Severia Severia or Siveria ( Сѣверія , Сіверія or Сіверщина , translit . Siveria or Sivershchyna , , Severshchina ; Siewierszczyzna ) is a historical region in present-day northern Ukraine , eastern Belarus and southwestern Russia , centered on the city of Novhorod-Siverskyi in Ukraine .

neg: Nová Sídla Nová Sídla is a village and municipality ( obec ) in Svitavy District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic .   The municipality covers an area of 2.94 km2 , and has a population of 238 ( as at 2 October 2006 ) .   Nová Sídla lies approximately 22 km north-west of Svitavy , 38 km south-east of Pardubice , and 133 km east of Prague .

neg: Great Moravia Great Moravia ( regnum Marahensium , Μεγάλη Μοραβία -- megale Moravia , Velká Morava , Veľká Morava , Wielka Morawia ) , the Great Moravian Empire , ( historiographical terms -- original formal name is unknown ) or simply Moravia , was the first major state that was predominantly Slavonic to emerge in the area of Central Europe . Its core territories were located on the Morava river which gave its name to the kingdom . `` Morava '' in both Czech and Slovak refers to both the river and the land of Moravia - the medieval Margraviate of Moravia , which is now the eastern part of the Czech Republic . The river Morava flows south through the whole of Moravia , later forming the present-day border between the Czech Republic and Slovakia before finally becoming the border between Slovakia and Austria ( where it is called the March in German ) . The kingdom saw the rise of the first ever Slavic literary culture in the Old Church Slavonic language . After the fall of Great Moravia , its core territory was gradually divided between the newly ascending Czech Kingdom ( Bohemia ) and Hungarian Kingdom : the frontier was originally settled on the Morava river ( the Czech Kingdom to its west , and Hungary - present-day Slovakia - to its east ) . However , from the 12th century , the Czech kings managed to gain more and more of the region on the eastern bank - eventually gaining the whole stretch of the eastern territory from Uherské Hradiště down to Strážnice , and this region retained its non-Czech identity in its designation `` Slovácko '' as an alternative dialectal for `` Slovakia '' . After this , the Czech-Hungarian border shifted east to the White Carpathians . The core region of Great Moravia along the Morava river , thus divided between the present-day Moravia and Slovakia , has retained a unique culture in the rich folklore tradition both on the western bank of the Morava ( including the southern Záluží region ) and the eastern bank - the Slovácko ( in Moravia ) and Záhorie ( in Slovakia ) . Záhorie also boasts the only surviving building from Great Moravian times - the chapel at Kopčany just across the Morava from the archaeological site of Mikulčice . The core of Great Moravia was established , according to legend , in the early 830s , when Prince Mojmír I ( -LSB- moimi : r -RSB- ) crossed the Morava and conquered the principality of Nitra ( present-day western Slovakia ) . The former principality of Nitra was used as the údelné kniežatsvo , or the territory given to , and ruled by , the successor to the throne , traditionally the nephew ( sister 's son ) of the ruling kъnendzь or Prince .   The extent and location of Great Moravia are a subject of debate . Rival theories place the center of it either south of the river Danube ( the river Morava in Serbia ) or on the Great Hungarian Plain . The exact date when the Moravian state was founded is also disputed , but it probably occurred in the early 830s under Prince Mojmír I , ( r. 820s/830s -- 846 ) , who is the first known ruler of the united Moravia . Mojmír and his successor , Rastislav ( `` Rostislav '' in Czech ) , who ruled from 846 to 870 , initially acknowledged the suzerainty of the Carolingian monarchs , but the Moravian fight for independence caused a series of armed conflicts with East Francia beginning in the 840s .   Moravia reached its largest territorial extent under Svätopluk I , ( Svatopluk in Czech ) , who ruled from 870 to 894 , and who was occasionally styled as king in contemporaneous sources . Although the borders of his empire can not be exactly determined , he controlled the core territories of Moravia as well as other neighbouring regions , including Bohemia , most of Slovakia and parts of Slovenia , Hungary , Poland and Ukraine , for some periods of his reign . Separatism and internal conflicts emerging after Svätopluk 's death contributed to the fall of Great Moravia , which was overrun by the Hungarians . The exact date of Moravia 's collapse is unknown , but it occurred between 902 and 907 .   Moravia experienced significant cultural development under Prince Rastislav , with the arrival in 863 of the mission of Saints Cyril and Methodius . Rastislav had asked the Byzantine emperor to send a `` teacher '' ( učitelja ) to introduce literacy and a legal system ( pravьda ) to Great Moravia . The brothers Cyril and Methodius introduced a system of writing ( the Glagolitic alphabet ) and Slavonic liturgy , the latter eventually formally approved by Pope Adrian II . The Glagolitic script was probably invented by Cyril himself and the language he used for his translations of holy scripts and his original literary creation was based on the Slavic dialect he and his brother Methodius knew from their native Thessaloniki . The language , termed Old Church Slavonic , was the direct ancestral language for Bulgarian , and therefore also referred to as Old Bulgarian . Old Church Slavonic , therefore , differed somewhat from the local Slavic dialect of Great Moravia which was the ancestral idiom to the later dialects spoken in Moravia and western Slovakia .   Later , the disciples of Cyril and Methodius were expelled from Great Moravia by King Svätopluk I. Arriving in the First Bulgarian Empire , the disciples continued the Cyrilo-Methodian mission and the Glagolitic script was superseded by Cyrillic . The Cyrillic script and translations of the liturgy were disseminated to other Slavic countries , particularly in the Balkans and Kievan Rus ' , charting a new path in these Slavic nations ´ cultural development .

neg: Jarošov (Svitavy District) Jarošov is a village and municipality ( obec ) in Svitavy District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic .   The municipality covers an area of 5.12 km2 , and has a population of 186 ( as at 3 July 2006 ) .   Jarošov lies approximately 23 km west of Svitavy , 37 km south-east of Pardubice , and 129 km east of Prague .

neg: Sovetsky City District, Kazan Sovetsky City District ( Сове́тский район -LSB- Сове́т районы́ , Sowet rayonı -RSB- ) is a city district of Kazan , the capital of the Republic of Tatarstan , Russia . It occupies the northeastern and eastern parts of Kazan , and is the most populous district of the city . Its area is 167 km2 . Population : The head of the district is Rustem Gafarov .   The district has one of the three largest in the city and the latest among them the time construction ( 1990s ) `` sleeping '' area Azino ( south-eastern part of the area ) , residential areas along the Siberian tract and Arskii fields Territories microdistricts Tankodrom , Adel Kutuy ( in common parlance - Adelka ) , a large urban-type settlement Derbyshki and several other peripheral settlements , including included in the city of Kazan has recently ( in 1998 and 2004 ) as well as several large industrial enterprises in industrial zones .   The district extends seal of existing and new construction of `` sleeping '' microdistricts of mass residential development - Kazan - XXI ( formerly Takeoff in place of the old airport ) Culon-stroy and other . According to the general plan of city development , planned renovation of the residential quarters of industrial zones along the street Guards in south-western part of the district , as well as the newly annexed to the city ( in 2004 . ) Unused areas - development through enterprise , derived from the inner city , industrial area east of Kazankompressormash ) and the construction of no less than Azino new `` sleeping '' area of mass multi-storey buildings Zanoksinskiy-Novoe Azino , Azino-east of the locality Voznesenskoye .  Previously , before 1956 the main part of the district was the Molotovskiy district which in 1934 was split from the eastern part of the Bauman district ( formed in 1918 ) .   In the district there are :  17 industrial enterprises  17 building organizations  17 enterprises of transport and communication  19 research institutes and design bureaus  39 schools and 2 schools for young workers  7 professional schools  5 colleges  67 kindergartens  33 health care  more than 130 sports facilities , including a unique stadium `` Raketa ''

neg: Karle (Svitavy District) Karle ( -LSB- ˈkarlɛ -RSB- , Karlsbrunn ) is a village and municipality in Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic located about 8 km west of Svitavy . It has a population of 395 ( 2007 ) .   First written mention of the village ( Karelsprun ) dates back to 1336 .   Category : Villages in Svitavy District

neg: Svetly Svetly ( masculine ) , Svetlaya ( feminine ) , or Svetloye ( neuter ) may refer to :  Svetly Urban Settlement , a municipal formation which the Settlement of Svetly in Mirninsky District of the Sakha Republic , Russia is incorporated as  Svetloye Urban Settlement , a municipal formation which the urban-type settlement of Svetlaya in Terneysky District of Primorsky Krai , Russia is incorporated as  Svetly ( inhabited locality ) , several inhabited localities in Russia  Svetlaya River , a river in Primorsky Krai , Russia  Svetlîi ( Svetly ) , a commune in Gagauzia , Moldova


query: The Weeknd's 2016 single received a generally positive critical reception.

pos: The Weeknd The Weeknd ( born Abel Makkonen Tesfaye ; February 16 , 1990 ) is a Canadian singer , songwriter , and record producer . The Weeknd initially gained recognition after anonymously uploading several songs to YouTube in late 2010 . This allowed him to release of his debut mixtape , House of Balloons , in early 2011 . He released two further independent projects later that year , Thursday and Echoes of Silence , before signing to Republic Records in September 2012 .   The three mixtapes received widespread critical acclaim upon release , and proceeded the release of the compilation album Trilogy . In 2013 , he released his debut studio album Kiss Land , which debuted at number two on the Billboard 200 . It was later confirmed to have sold over 273,000 copies in the United States .   The Weeknd released his second album , Beauty Behind the Madness , in 2015 , breaking chart records in the process . It saw him become the first ever artist to have simultaneously held the top three spots on the Billboard Hot R&B Songs chart , with `` Earned It '' , `` The Hills '' , and `` Ca n't Feel My Face '' . It also became his first number one album on the US Billboard 200 , and saw triple platinum certification by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) . The album additionally oversaw his first Grammy Award win for Best Urban Contemporary Album , as well as `` Earned It '' winning Best R&B Performance . He won both awards at the 58th Annual Grammy Awards ceremony in 2016 .   He released his third studio album , Starboy , in 2016 to generally positive critical reception . The album 's title track topped the chart in several countries , including the U.S. , the UK and Canada , and became The Weeknd 's third number-one single . It gave him his second consecutive number one album , which also later saw platinum certification .   Alongside his Grammy Award wins , The Weeknd has won nine Juno Awards and two American Music Awards . He has also founded the record label XO , and is a producer under both his given and stage names .

neg: Merry Christmas II You Merry Christmas II You is the second Christmas album and thirteenth studio album by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey . It was released by Island Records on November 2 , 2010 . Recording began in April 2010 and continued while Carey became pregnant . She was the executive producer of Merry Christmas II You and worked with various record producers , including Bryan-Michael Cox , Jermaine Dupri , Randy Jackson , James Poyser , Marc Shaiman , James `` Big Jim '' Wright and Johnny `` Sev '' Severin of RedOne . The album features Carey 's mother Patricia Carey as a guest vocalist on `` O Come All Ye Faithful '' / `` Hallelujah Chorus '' . The album is composed of original songs and covers , ballads and uptempo tracks . It incorporates R&B , soul and house music in its composition .   The album received mixed reviews from music critics , who complimented its relaxed yet lively and contemporary feel , while others felt it was predictable and too overproduced in places . It debuted at number four on the United States Billboard 200 album chart , and reached number one on both the Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums and Holiday Albums chart . It was later certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , denoting shipments exceeding 500,000 copies . Elsewhere , however , the album failed to make an impact , reaching the top thirty in Australia and Hungary , and the top fifty in Austria and Italy . It missed out on the top one-hundred in the United Kingdom by one position , peaking at one-hundred and one on the albums chart .   The album produced four singles , including the US Adult Contemporary record-breaking song `` Oh Santa ! '' . It reached number-one in its second week , the quickest ascent in the history of the chart and the only song to do so . Other singles included `` Auld Lang Syne ( The New Year 's Anthem ) '' , a single release version of `` When Christmas Comes '' in 2011 with John Legend and `` Christmas Time Is in the Air Again '' in 2012 . To support the album , Carey made promotional appearances on The Ellen DeGeneres Show and Lopez Tonight , and hosted her own television special called Mariah Carey : Merry Christmas to You .

neg: List of number-one dance singles of 2014 (U.S.) The U.S. Dance Club Songs chart is published weekly by Billboard . It compiles the weeks most popular songs from a sample of reporting DJ 's around the country . The first number-one song of 2014 was `` Unconditionally '' by Katy Perry . With remixes by Syn Cole , Manufactured Superstars , Tracy Young and Country Club Martini Crew , it became her twelfth consecutive chart topper , extending her own record for the most number-ones in a row in the thirty-seven year history of the chart . Perry achieved a further three number one singles during the year -- `` Dark Horse '' featuring Juicy J , `` Birthday '' and `` This Is How We Do '' -- with the last becoming her record-extending fifteenth consecutive number-one . Beyoncé was one of three acts to top the chart three times , beginning with `` Blow '' , then `` Partition '' and her twenty-second in total , `` Pretty Hurts '' . Iggy Azalea and Dave Audé achieved three number-ones ; the former with `` Fancy '' featuring Charli XCX , `` Black Widow '' featuring Rita Ora and `` Booty '' , a collaboration with Jennifer Lopez , and Audé with `` Take Me Away '' , `` Aftermath ( Here We Go ) '' and `` Hustlin . Demi Lovato topped the chart twice with `` Neon Lights '' and `` Really Do n't Care '' featuring Cher Lloyd . `` Somebody Loves You '' became Betty Who 's first song to top the chart .   Fedde Le Grand and Gregor Salto produced remixes of Mariah Carey 's song `` You 're Mine ( Eternal ) '' , garnering the singer her seventeenth number-one since she first topped the chart with `` Someday '' in 1991 . `` Painkillr '' , by Erika Jayne , became her seventh consecutive number-one on the chart . In addition to `` Black Widow '' , Ora 's own `` I Will Never Let You Down '' topped the chart in June . Enrique Iglesias became the male artist with the most number-one songs in history , with `` Bailando '' featuring Descemer Bueno and Gente de Zona becoming his thirteenth . `` Ca n't Remember to Forget You '' , a song by Shakira featuring Rihanna , became the former 's sixth and the latter 's twenty-second number-one in April , making Rihanna the second artist with the most entries after Madonna . Shakira also topped the chart with `` Dare ( La La La ) '' in July . Zhu 's song `` Faded '' topped the chart on December 20 . A writer for Complex was surprised that the song only reached number-one in December despite being commercially released in September , writing `` While I 'd love to say that it 's because the song is just that damn good ( which it is ) , Billboard says it 's been helped by the number of remixes from Odesza , Amtrac , and The Magician . '' `` Never Say Never '' by Basement Jaxx became the most-played track of the year from the national sample , ranking atop the Dance Club Songs 2014 year-end chart .

neg: List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1983 The Billboard 200 , published in Billboard magazine , is a weekly chart that ranks the highest-selling music albums and EPs in the United States . In 1983 , the name of the chart was Top LPs & Tape . Before Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991 , Billboard estimated sales from a representative sampling of record stores nationwide , using telephone , fax or messenger service . Data were based on rankings made by the record stores of the best-selling records , not on actual sales figures .   There were six number-one albums on this chart in 1983 , including the debut album of the Australian band Men at Work , Business as Usual , which spent the last seven weeks of 1982 and the first eight weeks of 1983 at number one , and was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) in 1984 . Thriller , the sixth studio album by recording artist Michael Jackson , was released on November 1982 . It peaked at number one for twenty-two non-consecutive weeks in 1983 with another fifteen consecutive weeks at the top into the following year , and seven songs from the album became top ten singles between late 1982 and early 1984 . Two of them : `` Billie Jean '' and `` Beat It '' , reached the top position of the Billboard Hot 100 . Thriller won eight Grammy Awards , including Album of the Year at the 26th Grammy Awards , and was the best-selling album of 1983 with more than fifteen million copies sold . In 2008 , twenty-five years after its release , the record was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame , and a few weeks later , it was among twenty-five recordings preserved by the Library of Congress to the National Recording Registry as `` culturally significant '' .   Flashdance , the soundtrack to the 1983 musical and romance film of the same name , peaked at number one for two weeks and won the Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture . The two singles released from the album , `` Flashdance ... What a Feeling '' by Irene Cara , and `` Maniac '' by Michael Sembello , reached the top of the singles chart in 1983 . The New York Times considered the British band The Police to be the year 's most influential rock band . Australian , British , and American bands copied the white-reggae formula of their ( The Police 's ) earlier successes . The group released their fifth and final studio album , Synchronicity , in 1983 . The album , a varied accomplished blend of rock , funk , and third-world rhythms , stayed at number one for seventeen weeks and was certified four times platinum by the RIAA in 1984 . Metal Health , the third album by heavy metal band Quiet Riot , peaked at number one for one week , becoming the first heavy metal record to reach the top of the Billboard 200 . Singer-songwriter Lionel Richie released his second album Ca n't Slow Down in 1983 , which spent three weeks at the top and won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year at the 27th Grammy Awards .

neg: Culture (Migos album) Culture ( stylized as C U L T U R E ) is the second studio album by American hip hop group Migos . It was released on January 27 , 2017 , by Quality Control Music , 300 Entertainment and Atlantic Records . The album features guest appearances from DJ Khaled , Gucci Mane , 2 Chainz , Travis Scott and Lil Uzi Vert , while the production was handled by Metro Boomin and Murda Beatz , among others .   The album was supported by three singles : `` Bad and Boujee '' featuring Lil Uzi Vert , `` T-Shirt '' and `` Slippery '' featuring Gucci Mane . Culture received generally positive reviews from critics and debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 . It also topped the US Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums chart , becoming Migos ' first number one album on both charts . It also debuted at number one on the Canadian Albums Chart .

neg: Country Grammar Country Grammar is the debut studio album by American rapper Nelly . It was released on June 27 , 2000 , by Universal Records ( who released the album after listening to demos by Nelly , before signing a record deal with the rapper in 1999 ) . The production on the album was handled by Jason `` Jay E '' Epperson , with additional production by C-Love , Kevin Law , City Spud , Steve `` Blast '' Wills and Basement Beats . Nelly contributed to all lyrics on the album , with Epperson and City Spud also contributing . The album introduced a unique Saint Louis , Midwestern sound , and introduces Nelly 's vocal style of pop-rap singalongs and Midwestern , Missouri twang . It was supported four successful singles : `` Country Grammar ( Hot Shit ) '' , `` E.I. '' , `` Ride wit Me '' and `` Batter Up '' . Its lead single , `` Country Grammar ( Hot Shit ) '' , peaked at number 7 on the Billboard Hot 100 and UK Singles Chart . `` E.I. '' charted at number 16 , number 12 and number 11 on the Hot 100 , UK Singles Chart and ARIA Singles Chart , respectively . `` Ride wit Me '' peaked within the top five on the Hot 100 , ARIA Singles Chart , Irish Singles Chart and UK Singles Chart . The album 's fourth and final single , `` Batter Up '' featuring Murphy Lee and Ali , achieved moderate chart success .   Country Grammar received positive reviews , with critics praising Nelly 's vocal style and the album 's production . It topped the US Billboard 200 chart for five consecutive weeks , and the US Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums chart for six consecutive weeks . It peaked in the top five on the New Zealand Albums Chart and Australian Albums Chart , as well as the top ten on the Canadian Albums Chart and Dutch Albums Chart . The album was certified three times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of New Zealand ( RIANZ ) and Music Canada ( MC ) , denoting shipments of 45,000 and 300,000 copies , respectively .   In 2016 , Country Grammar became the ninth hip hop album to be certified Diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , denoting shipment of 10 million copies in the US . Its commercial success secured Nelly 's status as one of the most successful hip hop acts of the 2000s decade . On Billboard decade-end chart , Nelly ranked as the third most successful act of the 2000s decade , due largely to the success of Country Grammar and his follow-up album Nellyville ( 2002 ) .

neg: Major Key (album) Major Key ( stylized as Major ð ''` ) is the ninth studio album by DJ Khaled . It was released on July 29 , 2016 , by We the Best Music Group and Epic Records . The album features guest appearances from Future , Big Sean , Rick Ross , Jay Z , Drake , Nas , Kendrick Lamar , Betty Wright , J. Cole , Bryson Tiller , Nicki Minaj , Chris Brown , August Alsina , Jeremih , Kodak Black , Jeezy , French Montana , YG , Yo Gotti , Gucci Mane , 2 Chainz , Jadakiss , Fabolous , Fat Joe , Busta Rhymes , Kent Jones , Travis Scott , Lil Wayne , Meghan Trainor , Wiz Khalifa , Wale and Mavad   The album was supported by four singles , `` For Free '' , `` I Got the Keys '' , `` Holy Key '' and `` Do You Mind '' . Major Key received generally positive reviews from critics and debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 . The album was certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) in November 2016 . It received a Grammy nomination for Best Rap Album .

neg: List of number-one singles of 2013 (Australia) The ARIA Singles Chart ranks the best-performing singles in Australia . Its data , published by the Australian Recording Industry Association , is based collectively on each single 's weekly physical and digital sales . In 2013 , seventeen singles claimed the top spot , including `` Thrift Shop '' by Macklemore and Ryan Lewis , which started its peak position in late 2012 . Fifteen acts achieved their first number-one single in Australia , either as a lead or featured artist : Mary Lambert , Nate Ruess , Baauer , Ray Dalton , Passenger , Daft Punk , Pharrell Williams , Robin Thicke , T.I. , Avicii , 2 Chainz , Redfoo , Dami Im , Taylor Henderson and John Legend . Im and Henderson were the only Australian artists to achieve a number-one single .   Macklemore and Ryan Lewis had three number-one singles during the year for `` Thrift Shop '' , `` Same Love '' and `` Ca n't Hold Us '' . Jason Derulo earned two number-one singles for `` Talk Dirty '' and `` Trumpets '' . Pharrell Williams also earned two number-one singles during the year , as a featured artist on Daft Punk 's `` Get Lucky '' and Robin Thicke 's `` Blurred Lines '' . Katy Perry 's `` Roar '' was the longest-running number-one single of 2013 , having topped the ARIA Singles Chart for nine weeks . `` Blurred Lines '' was the second longest-running number-one single , with eight consecutive weeks at the top . Passenger 's `` Let Her Go '' stayed at number one for five consecutive weeks , while Avicii 's `` Wake Me Up ! '' topped the chart for six consecutive weeks .

neg: Triple J Hottest 100, 2016 The 2016 Triple J Hottest 100 was announced on Australia Day , 26 January 2017 . It is the 24th countdown of the most popular songs of the year , as chosen by the listeners of Australian radio station Triple J.   2016 's countdown broke several Hottest 100 records , including number of votes ( over 2.25 million ) , number of songs by Australian acts both in the whole list ( 66 out of the 100 ) and at its top ( all of the top four ) , and longest absence between countdowns ( 16 years for Paul Kelly ) . With the first-place win of Australian producer Flume for `` Never Be like You '' , 2016 marks a record-breaking fourth consecutive annual countdown in which the number-one track was by an Australian act , after Vance Joy in 2013 , Chet Faker in 2014 , and The Rubens in 2015 . Flume became the first electronic dance music producer to top the countdown .

neg: FYO (EP) FYO ( an acronym for Fuck Your Opinion ) is the debut extended play ( EP ) by English rapper Avelino . It was produced in its entirety by Raf Riley , and released for free download through OddChild Music , on 7 April 2016 . The project was also released onto the iTunes Store on 11 April 2016 , accompanied by two bonus tracks . It spawned one single ; `` Welcome to the Future '' , which premiered on 31 March 2016 , a week before the rest of the project .   The project has received considerable support from BBC Radio 1 and 1Xtra ; `` Youniverse '' has been played by MistaJam , and the title track has been played by Annie Mac , DJ Target and Charlie Sloth . The project also topped Semtex 's Mixtape Top 5 chart , and `` Welcome to the Future '' and `` Rich Soul '' both received airplay on his 1Xtra show . Numerous songs from the project also received airplay on Manny Norte 's Capital XTRA show , and Mally 's Reprezent show . `` FYO '' was added to the Reprezent B-list playlist .   `` FYO '' was released as the project 's second single , with a video released to YouTube on 14 April 2016 . The track 's production was praised by Grant Brydon of RWD as being `` beautifully jarring '' , and by FACT as being `` ribcage-quakingly bassy '' . Avelino told FACT that the video was `` minimal -LSB- ... -RSB- in a sense of one location , one setting , one room '' , as this allows listeners to `` focus on what -LSB- he 's -RSB- really saying on the record . ''

neg: List of Single Top 100 number-one singles of 2011 Throughout all 52 weeks in 2011 , 31 songs topped the Mega Single Top 100 . The Single Top 100 is a chart composed by MegaCharts based on official physical single sales and legal downloads , and one of the three official Dutch record charts , the two others being the Dutch Top 40 and the Mega Top 50 . The first number-one hit on the chart in 2011 was Martin Solveig and Dragonette 's `` Hello '' , and the last was Studio Killers ' `` Ode to the Bouncer '' .   Artists and acts that had or were featured in at least one song that topped the Mega Single Top 100 that year for at least one week were Martin Solveig , Dragonette , Jan Smit , Ben Saunders , Dean Saunders , Adele , 3JS , Lady GaGa , Nick & Simon , Alexis Jordan , Glennis Grace , Frans Duijts , Do , Coldplay , Rochelle Perts , Guus Meeuwis , Sak Noel , Lucenzo , Big Ali , Don Omar , Nick Schilder , Thomas Acda , Keizer , Paul de Munnik , Gotye , Kimbra , The Voice of Holland , Gers Pardoel , Jeroen van der Boom , Metropole Orkest ( Dutch : The Metropole Orchestra ) , Birdy , Sandro Silva , Quintino and Studio Killers . Out of these acts , 20 of them , Dean Saunders , Alexis Jordan , Glennis Grace , Frans Duijts , Rochelle Perts , Guus Meeuwis , Sak Noel , Don Amor , Big Ali , Lucenzo , Nick Schilder , Thomas Acda , Simon Keizer , Paul de Munnik , Gotye , Kimbra , Birdy , Quintino , Sandro , and Studio Killers , achieved their first number-one single on the chart that year , either as lead or featured artist . Two artists , Jan Simit and Adele , had 2 songs that went number one . 23 singles that topped the chart were solo songs , while eight others were collaborations . One of Adele 's songs , `` Rolling in the Deep '' , was the best-performing single of 2011 , topping the Single Top 100 's 2011 year-end chart .

neg: Florence and the Machine discography English indie rock band Florence and the Machine have released three studio albums , two live albums , six extended plays , 20 singles , two promotional singles and 23 music videos .   Florence and the Machine released their first extended play , A Lot of Love . A Lot of Blood , in March 2009 . Their debut studio album , Lungs , was released in July 2009 through Island Records , reaching number one on the UK Albums Chart in January 2010 . The album was subsequently certified quintuple platinum in the United Kingdom , quadruple platinum in Ireland and triple platinum in Australia . The album 's lead single `` Kiss with a Fist '' peaked at number 51 on the UK Singles Chart . This was succeeded by the single `` Dog Days Are Over '' , which reached number 23 in the UK and number 21 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States , and was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) . Third single `` Rabbit Heart ( Raise It Up ) '' reached number 12 in the UK and number 41 in Ireland . `` Drumming Song '' was released as the fourth single , charting at number 54 in the UK . `` You 've Got the Love '' , a cover of The Source 's song of the same name , peaked at number five in the UK and number nine in Australia . A performance at the 2010 BRIT Awards on 17 February 2010 saw the Dizzee Rascal-assisted mash-up `` You Got the Dirtee Love '' debut at number two in the UK . The album 's sixth and final single , `` Cosmic Love '' , peaked at number 51 in the UK and number three in Ireland .   The band 's second studio album , Ceremonials , was released in October 2011 , debuting atop the charts in the UK , Ireland , Australia and New Zealand . The album 's release was preceded by the promotional single `` What the Water Gave Me '' , which peaked at number 24 in the UK , number 13 in Ireland and number 15 in New Zealand . Lead single `` Shake It Out '' became the band 's fifth top-40 hit in the UK , peaking at number 12 upon release in September 2011 . The track also attained international chart success , reaching number 72 on the Billboard Hot 100 and becoming the band 's highest-peaking single in Ireland , where it reached number two . The album also saw the release of singles `` No Light , No Light '' and `` Never Let Me Go '' , which peaked at numbers 50 and 82 on the UK chart , respectively . Their next release `` Spectrum ( Say My Name ) '' peaked at number one in the UK , becoming their first UK number-one single .   In June 2015 , Florence and the Machine released their third studio album , How Big , How Blue , How Beautiful , which debuted at number one in eight countries including the UK and the US and reached the top 10 of 20 countries . The album had sold over a million copies worldwide by the end of 2015 and has been certified platinum in the UK , Australia and Poland , and gold in New Zealand . It was promoted by the singles `` What Kind of Man '' and `` Ship to Wreck '' , which both reached the top 40 in the UK , Ireland and New Zealand , as well as `` Queen of Peace '' and `` Delilah '' .

neg: Come and See Me `` Come and See Me '' is a song by Canadian recording artist PartyNextDoor , released as a single on March 23 , 2016 . The song , which was produced by frequent OVO Sound collaborator Noah `` 40 '' Shebib and features guest vocals from Canadian recording artist Drake , was released as the first single from his second studio album , PartyNextDoor 3 ( 2016 ) . `` Come and See Me '' has peaked at number 55 on the Billboard Hot 100 , becoming PartyNextDoor 's highest-charting single so far . It received a nomination for Best R&B Song at the 59th Grammy Awards in February 2017 .

neg: List of million-selling singles in the United Kingdom A million-selling single is regarded by the Official Charts Company ( OCC ) as one that has sold at least 1 million copies since the start of the UK Singles Chart in November 1952 . As well as a traditional purchase of a physical record , a sale can represent one permanent digital download of a track ( physical singles usually consist of two songs , although both are only included in sales figures for double A sides or where both receive a high level of interest and airplay ) . Both British Phonographic Industry ( BPI ) - certified awards ( Silver , Gold and Platinum ) and the weekly charts now include audio streaming but these are not included in the sales figures published by the OCC . Certified awards can also include shipments ( sales to trade ) . The OCC and Music Week regularly announce when a record becomes a million seller .   , 167 singles have sold 1 million copies in the UK . Of these , 108 were originally released in the 20th century ( 70 of them selling 1 million before the year 2000 ) and the remainder were released between 2000 and 2014 . The most recently released single to become a million-seller is `` Uptown Funk '' by Mark Ronson featuring Bruno Mars , which was released in December 2014 and passed a million sales ten weeks later in February 2015 . Bing Crosby 's `` White Christmas '' is the earliest release : originally 1942 , although only sales from 1952 onwards are counted . The year in which the most million-sellers were released is 2011 , with twelve ; while a record 36 releases from both the 1990s and the 2010s have sold a million copies . Only two million sellers have failed to reach the top 5 on the UK Singles Chart : Snow Patrol 's `` Chasing Cars '' and Journey 's `` Do n't Stop Believin ' '' , both of which peaked at number 6 .

neg: Xscape (album) Xscape is the second posthumous album of previously unreleased tracks by American singer Michael Jackson . It is his eighth album released through Epic Records , and it was released on May 13 , 2014 by Epic Records and MJJ Music . It is the fifth album released by Sony and Motown since Jackson 's death in June 2009 . L.A. Reid , chairman of Epic Records , curated and served as executive producer for the album enlisting Timbaland to lead a team of record producers , including StarGate , Jerome `` J-Roc '' Harmon , John McClain , and Rodney Jerkins , to remix and contemporize the eight selected tracks . Jerkins produced the title song and is the only original song producer to work on the final productions .   Xscape was promoted across the Sony group of companies ; Sony Mobile used a snippet of `` Slave to the Rhythm '' in their advertising campaign for the Xperia Z2 mobile phone . `` Love Never Felt So Good '' was announced as the official lead single to premiere on May 1 , 2014 . The deluxe edition of the album includes all of the songs in their original forms as well as one bonus track and two videos .

neg: Mr.Mr. (song) `` Mr.Mr . '' is a Korean song recorded by South Korean girl group Girls ' Generation for their fourth Korean titular extended play ( 2014 ) . The song was released on February 25 , 2014 , as a single from the EP . The song was composed by American production team The Underdogs , who had previously worked with Western artists including Britney Spears , Beyoncé , and Justin Timberlake . A music video for the song was initially planned to be released on February 19 but was postponed to February 28 due to the accidental deletion of some of the original files .   `` Mr.Mr . '' was described as an electropop and pop-R & B song that incorporates a hip hop beat and EDM-influenced buildups . The song received generally positive reviews from music critics , who praised its musical styles , which were deemed a departure from the group 's signature bubblegum pop sound . The single ranked number 18 on Billboard magazine 's list of 20 Best K-pop Songs of 2014 and was included on Time '' 's list of 25 Best Songs of 2014 ( So Far ) in June 2014 .   To promote the song and the EP , Girls ' Generation appeared on several music programs including M Countdown , Music Bank , Show ! Music Core , and Inkigayo around February and March 2014 . The single was a commercial success in the group 's native country South Korea , peaking atop the Gaon Digital Chart and selling over 900,000 digital units in 2014 . It also charted at number three on the Korea K-Pop Hot 100 and number four on the Billboard '' World Digital Songs .

neg: Cool for the Summer `` Cool for the Summer '' is a song by American singer Demi Lovato . It serves as the lead single from her fifth studio album , Confident ( 2015 ) . The song was released on July 1 , 2015 , by Hollywood , and Island Records , and made its radio premiere on the same date via Republic Records . Lovato co-wrote `` Cool for the Summer '' with Alexander Erik Kronlund , Savan Kotecha , and the song 's producers Max Martin and Ali Payami . Musically , it has a rock styled edge over an electronic instrumental arrangement . The song has garnered attention for its bi-curious insinuations and sexually suggestive lyrics .   Critics praised `` Cool for the Summer '' for its production and bi-curious lyrical content . It was included on several year-end lists and received nominations for the MTV Video Music Awards and 2015 Teen Choice Awards in the `` Song Of The Summer '' category . The song received an award for being one of the most performed songs of 2015 at the ASCAP Pop Music Awards . Commercially `` Cool for the Summer '' had a positive reception . In United States the song debuted at number 36 on the Billboard Hot 100 dated July 18 , 2015 , selling 80,000 copies in its first charting week . It entered the Hot 100 's top 20 on the chart dated August 15 , 2015 , and peaked at number 11 , becoming Lovato 's third highest chart position . The song also reached number one on the Dance Club Songs chart . It was certified double-platinum by RIAA .   `` Cool for the Summer '' has also topped the charts in Greece and peaked within the top 10 in Belgium , the Czech Republic , Lebanon , Mexico , New Zealand , and the United Kingdom as well as the top 20 in Australia , Canada , Ireland , Slovakia , and Spain . Its music video was directed by Hannah Lux Davis and released on July 23 , 2015 . It received positive reviews from critics , who praised the singer 's sensuality and artistic growth . To promote the song , Lovato performed it at pool parties after its release . She also promoted the song on several TV programs such as The Voice , Sunrise , the 2015 MTV Video Music Awards , Jimmy Kimmel Live ! , and Saturday Night Live .

neg: Juicy Love (Happiness song) `` Juicy Love '' ( stylized as `` JUICY LOVE in digital formats ) is a song recorded by Japanese girl group Happiness , taken as the lead single from their second studio album , Girlz n ' Effect ( 2016 ) . It was released on May 28 , 2014 via Rhythm Zone and Avex Music Creative Inc. , and distributed in four physical formats -- two standard compact discs , music cards and a CD and DVD bundle -- and for digital consumption . The track was written and co-composed by Kanata Okajima , with additional music and production credits to Albi Albertsson and Patrick Hamilton ; co-production was handled by Exile 's Hiro .   Musically , it is a dance-pop song that incorporates synthesizers and keyboards within its instrumentation . Although members Karen Fujii and Ruri Kawamoto provide vocals throughout the composition , the remaining five girls sing background vocals through the songs chorus . Lyrically , the song focuses of themes of enjoyment and love . Upon its release , `` Juicy Love '' received favorable reviews from music critics , with compliments aimed towards its dance nature and noted the creative progression since member Miyuu took over leadership of the group .   Commercially , `` Juicy Love '' experienced moderate success in Japan , reaching the top 10 on both the Oricon Singles Chart and Japan Hot 100 . By June 2014 , the single sold over 30,000 units as reported by Oricon . An accompanying music video was published on the Avex Trax YouTube channel , depicting them in three rooms that focus on different fashion styles . In order to promote the track , Happiness performed `` Juicy Love '' on several television and live shows , and was subsequently used as the ending theme song to Nippon TV 's Pon ( 2014 ) .

neg: List of most streamed songs in the United Kingdom In June 2014 , the Official Charts Company ( OCC ) started including audio streams in the official UK Singles Chart , recognising their importance as an indicator of current popular trends and tastes in music . From this point onward , the popularity of a single or album track can be measured by both sales ( which include paid downloads ) and streams on officially recognised subscription and ad-funded on-demand services . Although the OCC added these figures to the chart in July 2014 , they started compiling them in May 2012 through the Official Audio Streaming Chart . They are taken from on-demand audio streaming services such as Spotify , Apple Music , Google Play Music , Deezer and Tidal , all of which are members of the Entertainment Retailers Association ( ERA ) .   As of December 2016 , the most streamed song in the UK was `` One Dance '' by Drake , with over 142 million streams . In June 2016 , `` Sorry '' by Justin Bieber became the first song to pass 100 million streams . By September 2016 , it had been joined by two other Bieber songs : `` Love Yourself '' and `` What Do You Mean ? '' as well as `` One Dance '' ( the first song to achieve 100 million streams in a calendar year ) .   The song with the most streams in one week is `` Shape of You '' by Ed Sheeran in chart week ending 16 March 2017 with 14.2 million , beating its own previous best of 13.4 million in week ending 19 January 2017 . `` Castle on the Hill '' also by Sheeran is the only other song to get more than 10 million streams in a week with 11.07 million .

neg: List of number-one R&B/hip-hop songs of 2016 (U.S.) This page lists the songs that reached number-one on the overall Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs chart , the R&B Songs chart ( which was created in 2012 ) , and the Hot Rap Songs chart in 2016 . The R&B Songs and Rap Songs charts partly serve as distillations of the overall R&B / Hip-Hop Songs chart .

neg: All Night (Juicy J and Wiz Khalifa song) `` All Night '' is a song by American rappers Juicy J and Wiz Khalifa ; it released was released on May 13 , 2016 by Atlantic Records , Columbia Records , and Empire Distribution . It serves as the lead single from their mixtape , TGOD Mafia : Rude Awakening . It was produced by 808 Mafia member , TM88 . The song samples `` Lonely Star '' by The Weeknd .


query: Apple Store employees receive above-average pay.

pos: Apple Store Apple Store is a chain of retail stores owned and operated by Apple Inc. . The stores sell Mac personal computers , iPhone smartphones , iPad tablet computers , iPod portable media players , Apple Watch smartwatches , Apple TV digital media players , software , and select third-party accessories .   The first Apple Stores were originally opened as two locations in May 2001 by then-CEO Steve Jobs , after years of attempting but failing store-within-a-store concepts . Seeing a need for improved retail presentation of the company 's products , he began an effort in 1997 to revamp the retail program to get an improved relationship to consumers , and hired Ron Johnson in 2000 . Jobs relaunched Apple 's online store in 1997 , and opened the first two physical stores in 2001 . Despite initial media speculation that Apple would fail , its stores were highly successful , bypassing the sales numbers of competing nearby stores and within three years reached US$ 1 billion in annual sales , becoming the fastest retailer in history to do so . Over the years , Apple has expanded the number of retail locations and its geographical coverage , with 496 stores across 21 countries worldwide as of May 2017 . Strong product sales have placed Apple among the top-tier retail stores , with sales over $ 16 billion globally in 2011 .   In May 2016 , Angela Ahrendts , Apple 's current Senior Vice President of Retail , unveiled a significantly redesigned Apple Store in Union Square , San Francisco , featuring large glass doors for the entry , open spaces , and rebranded rooms . In addition to purchasing products , consumers can get advice and help from `` Creative Pros '' - individuals with specialized knowledge of creative arts ; get product support in a tree-lined Genius Grove ; and attend sessions , conferences and community events , with Ahrendts commenting that the goal is to make Apple Stores into `` town squares '' , a place where people naturally meet up and spend time . The new design will be applied to all Apple Stores worldwide , a process that has seen stores temporarily relocate or close .   Many Apple Stores are located inside shopping malls , but Apple has built several stand-alone `` flagship '' stores in high-profile locations . It has been granted design patents and received architectural awards for its stores ' designs and construction , specifically for its use of glass staircases and cubes . The success of Apple Stores have had significant influence over other consumer electronics retailers , who have lost traffic , control and profits due to a perceived higher quality of service and products at Apple Stores . Apple 's notable brand loyalty have historically caused long lines of hundreds of people at new Apple Store openings or product releases . Due to the popularity of the brand , there are numerous job applications , many of which from young workers . Although Apple Store employees receive above-average pay , are offered money toward education and health care , and receive product discounts , there are limited or no paths of career advancement . A May 2016 report with an anonymous retail employee highlighted a hostile work environment with harassment from customers , intense internal criticism , and a lack of significant bonuses for securing major business contracts .

neg: Apple event Apple events are the message-based interprocess communication mechanism in Mac OS , first appearing in System 7 and supported by every version of the classic Mac OS since then and by macOS . Apple events describe `` high-level '' events such as `` open document '' or `` print file '' , whereas earlier OSs had supported much more basic events , namely `` click '' and `` keypress '' . Apple events form the basis of the Mac OS scripting system , the Open Scripting Architecture ( the primary language of such being AppleScript ) .   The starting point is a dynamically-typed , extensible descriptor format called an AEDesc , which is just an OSType code specifying the data type , together with a block of type-dependent data . For instance , the OSType code inte indicates that the data was a four-byte signed integer in big-endian format .   Besides predefined type codes for various common simple types , there are two predefined structured descriptor types : an AERecord , which has data type reco ( record ) , and AEList with type list ( list or array ) . The internal structure of these contain recursively-nested AEDescs , while the AERecord also associates each element with a unique record field ID , which is an OSType . The Apple Event Manager provides API calls to construct these structures , as well as extract their contents and query the type of contents they hold .   The Apple Event Manager also supports coercions , which converts AEDescs from one data type to another . In addition to standard coercions , for instance between integer and real types , applications can install their own coercion handler callbacks , which handle conversions to and from custom data types .   An Apple event proper is an AERecord with fields that depended on the purpose of the event . In addition , it has attributes ( which are distinct from record fields , which are now called the parameters of the event ) from a set predefined by the Apple Event Manager . These specify what the event is supposed to do ( through event class and event ID ) , the target address to which the event is to be sent ( which could be a process on the local or a remote machine ) , and various other options for handling it . Remote machines initially had to be connected via AppleTalk , but Mac OS 9 added the option for connections via TCP/IP .   After sending an Apple event to its target process , the sending process can elect to receive a reply Apple event . This can contain various bits of information returned from the target about the processing of the original event , including an error code indicating success/failure , any information requested by the original event , and/or other appropriate information .   Apple events are the foundation of the AppleEvent Object Model , which in turn is the foundation of the OSA and AppleScript . , the official implementation of the Apple Event Manager API is available in C and its descendants , including C++ . Official bindings are also provided for Objective-C and Swift through the Cocoa API . Unofficial bindings also exist for other languages ( with varying degrees of limitation ) , including Perl , UserTalk , Ruby and Python .

neg: Music store A music store or musical instrument store is a retail business that sells musical instruments and related equipment and accessories . In United States and Canada , most music stores in the 2010s sell a range of electric instruments ( e.g. , electric guitars ) , instrument amplifiers ( e.g. , guitar amplifiers ) ; electronic instruments ( e.g. , synthesizers ) ; drum kits ( including drums , cymbals and percussion instruments ) and acoustic classical , concert band and jazz musical instruments such as saxophones , trumpets and violins . In addition , stores typically sell ( and sometimes rent ) the sound reinforcement system and PA system gear used in live concert performances and the sound recording equipment used to record music , such as microphones and digital recorders .   In the 2010s , music stores can be `` bricks and mortar '' stores ( either individual small businesses or chain stores , which may be a regional or national chain ) ; online musical instrument stores , which consist of a website describing the merchandise , various online payment systems , and shipping or delivery systems ; or hybrid stores that have both `` bricks and mortar '' stores and an online store . Some `` bricks and mortar '' music stores also provide services for a fee , such as music lessons , musical instrument repair and guitar amplifier repair .

neg: Australian workplace agreement An Australian workplace agreement ( AWA ) was a type of formalised individual agreement negotiated between an employer and employee in Australia that existed for a short number of years in the 2000s . Employers could offer a `` take it or leave it '' AWA as a condition of employment . They were registered by the Employment Advocate and did not require a dispute resolution procedure . These agreements operated only at the federal level . AWAs were individual written agreements on terms and conditions of employment between an employer and employee in Australia , under the Workplace Relations Act 1996 . An AWA could override employment conditions in state or territory laws except those relating to occupational health and safety , workers ' compensation , or training arrangements . An AWA was required to meet only the most minimal Australian Fair Pay and Conditions Standard . Agreements were not required to include effective dispute resolution procedures , and could not include prohibited content . Agreements were for a maximum of five years ; approved , promoted and registered by the Workplace Authority ; operated to the exclusion of any award ; and prohibited industrial action regarding details in the agreement for the life of the agreement . The introduction of AWAs was a very controversial industrial relations issue in Australia .   During a Senate Estimates hearing on 29 May 2006 , Peter McIlwain , Head of the Office of the Employment Advocate detailed that from a sample of 4 per cent , or 250 , of the total 6,263 AWAs lodged during April 2006 after WorkChoices was introduced , that : 100 % removed at least one protected Award condition ; 64 % removed annual leave loadings ; 63 % stripped out penalty rates ; 52 % cut out shift loadings ; 40 % dropped gazetted public holidays ; and 16 % slashed all award conditions and only the Government 's five minimum conditions are satisfied . -LSB- 6 -RSB-   New AWAs were banned under the Fair Work Act 2009 .

neg: Awards of the United States Department of State The United States Department of State , like other agencies of the U.S. federal government , gives civilian decorations for outstanding service , sacrifice , or heroism . The criteria for the awards are set down in 3 FAM 4820 - Foreign Affairs Manual , 3 FAM - Personnel , section 3 FAM 4800 Department Awards Program .   State Department awards are broken down into four types : honor awards , achievement awards , service awards , and recognition awards . In addition , there are awards which are no longer given but for which certificates , ribbons , or medals may still be occasionally seen .   The Foreign Affairs Manual described the purpose of Department of State honor awards as to `` bestow recognition on an individual or group who has made a significant contribution to the agency 's mission '' and states that `` The honor awards vary in scope and magnitude . The impact of the act or deed which precipitates the nomination must be carefully examined , and consideration given to whether the act to be recognized benefits the post or bureau , the area , the agency , or the Federal Government as a whole . '' Upon authorization , members of the U.S. military may wear the medal and ribbon in the appropriate order of precedence as a U.S. non-military personal decoration .   As delineated in numerous diplomatic cables describing each one , achievement awards recognize specific service over the previous year in a specific field or job category . The majority of the awards include a certificate , signed by the Secretary of State and a cash bonus . The cash bonuses range from zero to $ 10,000 . Some awards are sponsored by private donors , who are often former members of the Foreign Service . There is a minimum requirement for several valid nominations in a category in order for some awards to be presented ; if there are insufficient nominees or the nominations do not meet a specific threshold , then no award is presented that year . Currently , none of the achievement awards includes a medal set .   Service awards are common for the Armed Forces but are not currently favored by the Director General of the Foreign Service . The Department of State currently awards two service awards , the Secretary 's Career Achievement Award and the Expeditionary Service Award . The Expeditionary Service Award is a new award as of 2011 that recognizes service by Civil and Foreign Service employees in areas designated by the Director General of the Foreign Service .

neg: Executive compensation Executive compensation or executive pay is composed of the financial compensation and other non-financial awards received by an executive from their firm for their service to the organization . It is typically a mixture of salary , bonuses , shares of or call options on the company stock , benefits , and perquisites , ideally configured to take into account government regulations , tax law , the desires of the organization and the executive , and rewards for performance .   The three decades starting with the 1980s , saw a dramatic rise in executive pay relative to that of an average worker 's wage in the United States , and to a lesser extent in a number of other countries . Observers differ as to whether this rise is a natural and beneficial result of competition for scarce business talent that can add greatly to stockholder value in large companies , or a socially harmful phenomenon brought about by social and political changes that have given executives greater control over their own pay . Recent studies have indicated that executive compensation should be better aligned with social goals ( e.g. public health goals  ) . Executive pay is an important part of corporate governance , and is often determined by a company 's board of directors .

neg: PayAnywhere PayAnywhere is a mobile and storefront payment service provided by North American Bancard .   The PayAnywhere Mobile app and credit card reader allows users in the United States to accept credit card payments using their smartphone or tablet by swiping a credit or debit card through a mobile credit card reader ( plugged into the audio jack of the smartphone or tablet ) , or by manually entering a credit or debit card number via the PayAnywhere mobile app . The app and credit card reader are compatible with both Apple and Android devices .   On April 8 , 2014 , PayAnywhere launched PayAnywhere Storefront . PayAnywhere Storefront is a free touchscreen tablet and stand with a built-in credit card reader meant to replace traditional terminals in stores .   Announced in late August 2015 , the latest version of the PayAnywhere reader for iOS phones and tablets will feature Apple Pay support , as well as NFC , EMV and magnetic stripe . Aimed at small vendors , like coffee shops and food trucks , it 's expected in September for $ 40 exclusively from Apple retail stores and online store . Android tablet support is expected in early October .

neg: Nenko System The is the Japanese system of promoting an employee in order of his or her proximity to retirement . The advantage of the system is that it allows older employees to achieve a higher salary level before retirement and that it usually brings more experience to the executive ranks . The disadvantage of the system is that it does not allow new talent to be merged with the experience and those with specialized skills can not be promoted to the already crowded executive ranks . It also does not guarantee or even attempt to bring the `` right person for the right job '' . The labor turnover rate in Japan is less than half the US level . The seniority-wage system can also be seen in Japanese government . Japanese parliament seats are usually filled with the older members from each party .   After the economic bubble burst in Japan in the late 1980s and the venture capital ( dot-com ) shock of the 1990s , the seniority-wage system has become less popular amongst business as they could not afford to keep older employees with high salaries on the payroll . Many mid-level executives that climbed the corporate ladder with the Nenko system fell victim to corporate restructuring .

neg: Sales engineering Sales engineering is a hybrid of sales and engineering that exists in industrial and commercial markets . Buying decisions in these markets are made differently than those in many consumer contexts , being based more on technical information and rational analysis and less on style , fashion , or impulse . Therefore , selling in these markets can not depend on consumer-type sales methods alone , and instead it relies heavily on technical information and problem-solving to convince buyers that they should spend money on the seller 's products or services , in order to meet a business need ( that is , to satisfy a business case ) . A sales engineer is thus both `` a salesperson that understands and can apply engineering '' and `` an engineer that understands how to sell engineered systems '' . They thus not only sell but also provide advice and support . They provide this service to various internal or external customers , and they may work for a manufacturer ( servicing its industrial-account/business-to-business customers ) , for a distributor ( which in turn services the industrial-account/business-to-business customers ) , or for a third party such as an engineering consultancy or a systems integrator .   Sales Engineers are a critical sales team member in many companies and industries around the world . They are more than just technical experts in their respective industries . Highly successful sales engineers must build and maintain parallel expertise in `` soft skill '' disciplines such as business acumen , presentation skills , building customer relationships , developing an engagement strategy , and having a thorough understanding of the targeted industry . Many companies have difficulty finding people who possess these qualities , plus have extensive technical knowledge .   The essence of the sales engineering role can be called by various names . Which name is most apt can even depend on which industry it is used in . Some common job titles that involve the essence of sales engineering include Sales Engineer , Solutions Engineer , Systems Engineer , Customer Engineer , ( pre-sales ) consultant , Technical Account Manager ; Applications Engineer or Field Applications Engineer , and others . The term systems engineering has various shades of meaning , however , as it is often more or less synonymous with industrial engineering ; but in any market economy , industrial engineers will often end up providing some sales engineering as a necessary portion of their work . Service technicians in industrial fields may also find that their work challenges them to provide some sales engineering , to whatever extent they are capable of providing it , because they interface with customers having problems with equipment ( or lacking the right equipment ) and seeking solutions ( anywhere from diagnosis and repair , to identifying entirely different systems that could be used instead ) .

neg: American Customer Satisfaction Index The American Customer Satisfaction Index ( ACSI ) is an economic indicator that measures the satisfaction of consumers across the U.S. economy . It is produced by the American Customer Satisfaction Index ( ACSI LLC ) based in Ann Arbor , Michigan .   The ACSI interviews about 180,000 customers annually and asks about their satisfaction with the goods and services they have purchased and consumed . Respondents are screened to ensure inclusion of actual customers of a wide range of business-to-consumer products and services , including durable goods , services , non-durable goods , local government services , federal government services , and so forth . Customer satisfaction ( ACSI ) scores are released monthly throughout each calendar year . ACSI data is used by researchers , corporations , government agencies , market analysts and investors , industry trade associations , and consumers .

neg: AppleWorks AppleWorks refers to two different office suite products , both of which are now discontinued . The first program known as AppleWorks is an integrated software package for the Apple II platform , released in 1984 by Apple Computer .   The second program known as AppleWorks is a renamed version of ClarisWorks '' ' , a Mac and Windows office suite program originally created by the former Apple subsidiary Claris . It was bundled with all consumer-level Macs sold by Apple . On August 15 , 2007 , this version of AppleWorks reached end-of-life status , and was no longer sold .   Word processing , spreadsheet , and presentation applications with capabilities similar to AppleWorks are currently part of the iWork suite .

neg: Apple Lisa Apple Lisa is a desktop computer developed by Apple , released on January 19 , 1983 . It was one of the first personal computers to offer a graphical user interface ( GUI ) in a machine aimed at individual business users . Development of the Lisa began in 1978 , and it underwent many changes during the development period before shipping at the very high price of US$ 9,995 with a 5 MB hard drive . The high price , relatively low performance and unreliable `` Twiggy '' floppy disks led to poor sales , with only 100,000 units sold .   In 1982 , after Steve Jobs was forced out of the Lisa project , he joined the Macintosh project , at that time developing a much more limited machine with a task-switching interface . Jobs redirected the Macintosh team to build a cheaper and better Lisa , releasing it in January 1984 and quickly outstripping Lisa sales . Newer versions of the Lisa were introduced that addressed its faults and lowered its price considerably , but it failed to achieve favorable sales compared to the much less expensive Mac . The final revision of the Lisa , the Lisa 2/10 , was modified and sold as the Macintosh XL .   Generally considered a failure , the Lisa nevertheless introduced a number of advanced features that would not re-appear on the Macintosh for a number of years . Among these was an operating system which featured protected memory and preemptive multitasking , and a more document-oriented workflow . The hardware itself was also much more advanced than the Macintosh , with a hard drive and support for up to 2 megabytes ( MB ) of RAM , expansion slots and a larger higher-resolution display . The main exception being that while the Macintosh also used the 68000 processor , the Macintosh initially used a version clocked at 7.89 Mhz , compared to the 5Mhz version used in the Lisa . The complexity of the Lisa operating system and its associated programs overtaxed the slower processor enough that users perceived it to be sluggish , particularly when scrolling in documents .

neg: Departmental boot image A departmental boot image is a boot image for any computer that has been enhanced by adding some applications and passwords specific to a task or group or department in an organization . This has many of the advantages of a thin client strategy , but can be done on any operating system base as long as the boot device is large enough to accommodate the boot and applications together .   A typical departmental Windows XP boot image is usually so large that it requires a DVD to store , and may be too large for network booting . Accordingly , it is usually installed on a fixed or removable hard drive kept inside the machine , rather than installed over a network or from a ROM .   There are some boot image control complexity and total cost of operations advantages to using a departmental boot image instead of a common boot image for the entire organization , or a thin client :  all the capabilities of a full operating system are available , not just those of a thin client  applications with inflexible software licenses need not be paid for the entire organization , but can be paid only for the departments that actually use them and have them installed on their machines  applications that interact badly can be segmented so that an accounting program and an engineering program do not `` clobber each other 's libraries '' or otherwise interfere as they would if both sets of applications were installed in one boot image  overall size of each boot image can be controlled to fit within network or removable disk limits   Disadvantages include the complexity of creating and managing several large boot images , and determining when a department needs to upgrade its applications . If each user is allowed to do this on their own , then , the discipline soon degrades and the shop will be no easier to manage than one that consists of one-off computers with their own quirks , frequently requiring re-imaging and whose issues are not really diagnosable nor comparable to each other . Some experts believe that any departmental boot image regime degrades rather quickly to this state without extraordinary discipline and controls , and advocate thin clients to ensure such control .   It is however increasingly possible to restrict users from installing `` their own '' applications on a standard boot image , and to automatically re-install when a variant boot image is detected . While this would be draconian in a large organization with one boot image it is often quite acceptable when the boot image is maintained at a departmental level and users can request that it be upgraded with a minimum of bureaucracy and waiting .   Category : Booting  Category : Disk images

neg: Customer satisfaction Customer satisfaction ( often abbreviated as CSAT , more correctly CSat ) is a term frequently used in marketing . It is a measure of how products and services supplied by a company meet or surpass customer expectation . Customer satisfaction is defined as `` the number of customers , or percentage of total customers , whose reported experience with a firm , its products , or its services ( ratings ) exceeds specified satisfaction goals . ''   The Marketing Accountability Standards Board ( MASB ) endorses the definitions , purposes , and constructs of classes of measures that appear in Marketing Metrics as part of its ongoing Common Language in Marketing Project . In a survey of nearly 200 senior marketing managers , 71 percent responded that they found a customer satisfaction metric very useful in managing and monitoring their businesses .   It is seen as a key performance indicator within business and is often part of a Balanced Scorecard . In a competitive marketplace where businesses compete for customers , customer satisfaction is seen as a key differentiator and increasingly has become a key element of business strategy .   `` Within organizations , customer satisfaction ratings can have powerful effects . They focus employees on the importance of fulfilling customers ' expectations . Furthermore , when these ratings dip , they warn of problems that can affect sales and profitability ... . These metrics quantify an important dynamic . When a brand has loyal customers , it gains positive word-of-mouth marketing , which is both free and highly effective . ''   Firms need reliable and representative measures of satisfaction to effectively manage customer satisfaction .   `` In researching satisfaction , firms generally ask customers whether their product or service has met or exceeded expectations . Thus , expectations are a key factor behind satisfaction . When customers have high expectations and the reality falls short , they will be disappointed and will likely rate their experience as less than satisfying . For this reason , a luxury resort , for example , might receive a lower satisfaction rating than a budget motel -- even though its facilities and service would be deemed superior in ` absolute ' terms . ''   The importance of customer satisfaction diminishes when a firm has increased bargaining power . For example , cell phone plan providers , such as AT&T and Verizon , participate in an industry that is an oligopoly , where only a few suppliers of a certain product or service exist . As such , many cell phone plan contracts have a lot of fine print with provisions that they would never get away if there were , say , 100 cell phone plan providers , because customer satisfaction would be far too low , and customers would easily have the option of leaving for a better contract offer .

neg: Store manager A retail manager is the person ultimately responsible for the day-to-day operations ( or management ) of a retail store . All employees working in the store report to the retail manager . A store manager reports to a district or general manager .

neg: Storefront A storefront or shopfront is the facade or entryway of a retail store located on the ground floor or street level of a commercial building , typically including one or more display windows . A storefront functions to attract visual attention to a business and its merchandise .   Before the middle of the 19th century , shop fronts did not have large display windows , but often included features such as awnings and bay windows to attract the attention of passersby . Modern storefronts with display windows developed at mid-century after architectural cast iron became widely available and glass manufacturers began producing large panes of glass at relatively low cost .   The storefronts of commercial buildings often are substantially altered even when other architectural elements remain intact . Such alterations can adversely affect a historic building 's architectural and historic character .   E-commerce websites are sometimes called `` online storefronts '' or `` virtual storefronts '' .

neg: Bonus payment A bonus payment is usually made to employees in addition to their base salary as part of their wages or salary . While the base salary usually is a fixed amount per month , bonus payments more often than not vary depending on known criteria , such as the annual turnover , or the net number of additional customers acquired , or the current value of the stock of a public company . Thus bonus payments can act as incentives for managers attracting their attention and their personal interest towards what is seen as gainful for their companies ' economic success .   There are widely‐used elements of pay for performance and working well in many instances , including when a fair share of an employees participation in the success of a company is desired . There are , however , problematic instances , most notably when bonus payments are high . When they are tied to possibly short-lived figures such as an increase in monthly turnover , or cash flow generated from an isolated marketing action , such figures often do not reflect a solid reliable win for a company , and they certainly do not reflect a manager 's lasting efforts to the company 's best . Australian retail entrepreneur Gerry Harvey , while supporting bonuses for long term company performance has said   Bonuses are prone to being adjusted or even manipulated to the benefit of those employees who are responsible for reporting them , while they are already planning their leave with a golden handshake . Setting up good employment contracts may be a means to avoid that -- at least to some extent -- but this is rare in reality .

neg: Technological unemployment Technological unemployment is the loss of jobs caused by technological change . Such change typically includes the introduction of labour-saving `` mechanical-muscle '' machines or more efficient `` mechanical-mind '' processes ( automation ) . Just as horses employed as prime movers were gradually made obsolete by the automobile , humans ' jobs have also been affected throughout modern history . Historical examples include artisan weavers reduced to poverty after the introduction of mechanised looms . During World War II , Alan Turing 's Bombe machine compressed and decoded thousands of man-years worth of encrypted data in a matter of hours . A contemporary example of technological unemployment is the displacement of retail cashiers by self-service tills .   That technological change can cause short-term job losses is widely accepted . The view that it can lead to lasting increases in unemployment has long been controversial . Participants in the technological unemployment debates can be broadly divided into optimists and pessimists . Optimists agree that innovation may be disruptive to jobs in the short term , yet hold that various compensation effects ensure there is never a long-term negative impact on jobs . Whereas pessimists contend that at least in some circumstances , new technologies can lead to a lasting decline in the total number of workers in employment . The phrase `` technological unemployment '' was popularised by John Maynard Keynes in the 1930s . Yet the issue of machines displacing human labour has been discussed since at least Aristotle 's time .   Prior to the 18th century both the elite and common people would generally take the pessimistic view on technological unemployment , at least in cases where the issue arose . Due to generally low unemployment in much of pre-modern history , the topic was rarely a prominent concern . In the 18th century fears over the impact of machinery on jobs intensified with the growth of mass unemployment , especially in Great Britain which was then at the forefront of the Industrial Revolution . Yet some economic thinkers began to argue against these fears , claiming that overall innovation would not have negative effects on jobs . These arguments were formalised in the early 19th century by the classical economists . During the second half of the 19th century , it became increasingly apparent that technological progress was benefiting all sections of society , including the working class . Concerns over the negative impact of innovation diminished . The term `` Luddite fallacy '' was coined to describe the thinking that innovation would have lasting harmful effects on employment .   The view that technology is unlikely to lead to long term unemployment has been repeatedly challenged by a minority of economists . In the early 1800s these included Ricardo himself . There were dozens of economists warning about technological unemployment during brief intensifications of the debate that spiked in the 1930s and 1960s . Especially in Europe , there were further warnings in the closing two decades of the twentieth century , as commentators noted an enduring rise in unemployment suffered by many industrialised nations since the 1970s . Yet a clear majority of both professional economists and the interested general public held the optimistic view through most of the 20th century .   In the second decade of the 21st century , a number of studies have been released suggesting that technological unemployment may be increasing worldwide . Further increases are forecast for the years to come . While many economists and commentators still argue such fears are unfounded , as was widely accepted for most of the previous two centuries , concern over technological unemployment is growing once again . A report in Wired in 2017 quotes knowledgeable people such as economist Gene Sperling and management professor Andrew McAfee on the idea that handling existing and impending job loss to automation is a `` significant issue '' . Regarding a recent claim by a political appointee that automation is not `` going to have any kind of big effect on the economy for the next 50 or 100 years , '' says McAfee , `` I do n't talk to anyone in the field who believes that . '' Innovations like Watson have the potential to render humans obsolete with the professional , white-collar , low-skilled , creative fields , and other `` mental jobs '' .

neg: AppleCare AppleCare is Apple 's brand name for extended warranty and technical support plans for their devices . Apple hardware normally has a one-year limited warranty and includes 90 days of technical support by telephone . Customers can obtain extended warranty coverage and technical support , which extends the length and expands the scope of coverage , by buying an AppleCare plan . The AppleCare Protection Plan is available for many Apple products including Mac computers and displays , iPhones and iPads , Apple Watches , and Apple TV . AppleCare plans include Apple software associated with the covered hardware . Customers can also buy additional support and training through AppleCare .

neg: Service economy Service economy can refer to one or both of two recent economic developments :  The increased importance of the service sector in industrialized economies . The current list of Fortune 500 companies contains more service companies and fewer manufacturers than in previous decades .  The relative importance of service in a product offering . The service economy in developing countries is mostly concentrated in financial services , hospitality , retail , health , human services , information technology and education . Products today have a higher service component than in previous decades . In the management literature this is referred to as the servitization of products or a product-service system . Virtually every product today has a service component to it .   The old dichotomy between product and service has been replaced by a service-product continuum . Many products are being transformed into services .   For example , IBM treats its business as a service business . Although it still manufactures computers , it sees the physical goods as a small part of the `` business solutions '' industry . They have found that the price elasticity of demand for `` business solutions '' is much less than for hardware . There has been a corresponding shift to a subscription pricing model . Rather than receiving a single payment for a piece of manufactured equipment , many manufacturers are now receiving a steady stream of revenue for ongoing contracts .   Full cost accounting and most accounting reform and monetary reform measures are usually thought to be impossible to achieve without a good model of the service economy .

neg: PowerBook 1400 The PowerBook 1400 was a notebook computer designed and sold by Apple Computer ( now Apple Inc. ) from 1996 to 1998 as part of their PowerBook series of Macintosh computers . Introduced in November 1996 at a starting price of $ 2499 , it was the first new PowerBook after the controversial PowerBook 5300 . After the introduction of the more powerful PowerBook 3400 in February 1997 , the 1400 took on the role of Apple 's entry level notebook and remained there until its discontinuation in May 1998 . Its successor , the PowerBook G3 Series ( i.e. - `` Wallstreet '' / `` Mainstreet '' ) would ultimately go on to replace and consolidate not only the 1400 , but the 2400 and 3400 as well .   Throughout its 18 months on the market , the PowerBook 1400 was available in a number of different configurations . It was originally released with a 117 MHz PowerPC 603e processor ; a 133 MHz processor was added in July 1997 , and the line topped out with a 166 MHz processor the following December . Each version was available as either a `` c '' or a `` cs '' model , differentiated largely by type of LCD technology used . While both models came with 11.3 '' color displays with 800 x 600 resolution , the pricier 1400c came equipped with an active matrix display and the 1400cs came with a less expensive passive matrix , dual-scan display .   The optional 6x CD-ROM was implemented using a sleep-swappable module system similar to the one pioneered by the PowerBook 5300 ; other modules included a Zip drive and the standard 1.4 MB floppy ( an 8x CD-ROM would eventually become standard on the 133 MHz model ) . A pioneering feature of the 1400 was the `` BookCover '' laptop skin which allowed owners the opportunity to give their PowerBook a customized look . Every 1400 shipped with a gray cover , a clear cover , and six inserts ; a ClarisWorks template was also included as an `` extra '' on the system restore CD , from which users could design their own BookCover . The 1400 was easily upgradeable . System memory modules could be `` piggy-backed '' onto each other ( another feature unique to the 1400 ) , allowing the use of additional RAM . The CPU was located on a removable daughter card , which could be replaced with one containing a faster processor , including a number of commercially available cards with PowerPC G3 processors from vendors such as Sonnet Technologies , NewerTech , and Vimage . Aside from its two PC Card slots , the 1400 also included an internal expansion slot . Although few applications were ever developed to utilize it , Apple did release their own branded video card which included an increased amount of VRAM and an external video port . Other devices included a third-party video card , as well as a relatively rare Ethernet networking card .   There are several well-known issues concerning the PowerBook 1400 . Like all other PowerBooks prior to the PowerBook G4 , the drive controller used in the 1400 is incompatible with ATA-6 hard drives . Compatibility issues could also arise with hard drives larger than 8.2 GB , resolvable by partitioning the boot drive to less than 8.2 GB or by using Mac OS 8.6 or later . Additionally , unlike all Apple notebooks to come after it , the 1400 would not boot from a CD by holding down the `` C '' key while starting the machine ; the only workarounds for this were selecting the CD in the Startup Disk control panel before rebooting , or pressing the Command-Opt-Shift-Del keys .   According to Low End Mac the 117 MHz model is a `` compromised Mac '' due to the lack of a level 2 cache .