query: Hayden Panettiere was ten years old when she auditioned for Remember the Titans.

pos: Hayden Panettiere Hayden Leslie Panettiere ( born August 21 , 1989 ) is an American actress , model , singer , and activist . She is known for her roles as cheerleader Claire Bennet on the NBC sci-fi series Heroes ( 2006 -- 10 ) , Juliette Barnes in the ABC/CMT musical-drama series Nashville ( 2012 -- present ) and Kairi in the video game series Kingdom Hearts .   A native of New York City , she first appeared in a commercial at the age of 11 months . She began her acting career by playing Sarah Roberts on One Life to Live ( 1994 -- 97 ) , and Lizzie Spaulding on Guiding Light ( 1996 -- 2000 ) , before starring at age 10 as Sheryl Yoast in the Disney feature film Remember the Titans . Other notable roles include her portrayal of the title character in the true crime drama Amanda Knox : Murder on Trial in Italy and Kirby Reed in the slasher film Scream 4 . She received two nominations for the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress -- Series , Miniseries or Television Film , for her work on Nashville in 2012 and 2013 .

neg: 10 Hronia Mazi 10 H.M. ( Short for 10 Hronia Mazi , Greek : 10 Χρόνια Μαζί ; English : 10 Years Together ) is an album released by Greek singer Despina Vandi starting on December 6 , 2007 . It is her 12th album from the beginning of her career , and her 10th album with Phoebus . It is also her first studio album of new material since her 2004 release of Stin Avli Tou Paradisou . The album is dedicated to the 10-year collaboration with Phoebus and features a track of the same name . The album is a triple CD , with the first CD containing pop/rock songs , the second CD containing Modern Laika songs and third CD containing new remixes of older songs . The album is completely written and produced by Phoebus and released by Heaven Music . The main sponsor is WIND Hellas .   On June 24 , 2008 , the album was repackaged with the title 10 Hronia Mazi : It 's Destiny as one disc . The repackaged version includes the song `` Destiny '' by Schiller featuring Despina Vandi that was composed by Phoebus . The one-disc repackage version features all the songs from the original first and second discs , excluding all the remixes ( with the exception of `` Ta Lefta '' ( Remix ) ) and disc three .

neg: Hayden Tee Hayden Tee is a New Zealand actor , singer , and makeup artist . He has played varied roles in Musical Theatre , Concert and Cabaret . He is based in the United States but has also performed in New Zealand , the UK , South Korea , Taiwan and Australia .

neg: Jake Locker Jacob Cooper `` Jake '' Locker ( born June 15 , 1988 ) is a former American football quarterback . He played college football at the University of Washington , and was drafted by the Tennessee Titans eighth overall in the 2011 NFL Draft .

neg: All That (season 10) The tenth season of All That aired from early 2005 until late 2005 . This is the 4th and final season of the relaunch era . The season aired 15 episodes , beginning with a special to celebrate the 10th anniversary . Approximately 6.2 million total viewers watched the special on both its April 23 and April 24 airings , making it the top cable or broadcast program for the 2-11 , 6-11 , and 9-14 age demographics .   The intro was similar to Seasons 4 and 5 . It featured the cast on a red carpet , they come out of a limo and greet their fans .   The show saw many changes before the start of the season . Shane Lyons and Giovonnie Samuels were both dropped from the show to make room for new cast members . Jamie Lynn Spears got her own show on Nickelodeon and left the show . Producers hired Kianna Underwood and Denzel Whitaker to replace them .   After a five-year absence the art of the featured player was brought back to the show . Lil ' JJ was brought on as the feature player . Like the last season producers brought back Vital Information which had been absent since the 6th season . Producers got Lil ' JJ to anchor the sketch . However , he would only appear in the sketch and not take part in any other part of the show .

neg: America's Top 10 America 's Top 10 ( commonly abbreviated to AT10 ) was a television program of music hits based on the Billboard Hot 100 , with the exception of the last season in 1992 which used the Radio and Records chart . It aired in syndication by Gold Key Media from 1980 -- 1982 and by All American Television from 1982-1992 . The show was hosted by Casey Kasem , the host of American Top 40 and Casey 's Top 40 , until 1991 . After that point , the show was hosted by Siedah Garrett and then Tommy Puett ; Kasem later returned as host until he closed down the show in 1992 to focus on launching `` Casey 's Countdown , '' an adult contemporary music spinoff of Casey 's Top 40 . From around 1987 onwards , the show was also transmitted by various regions of ITV in the United Kingdom , where it was often broadcast as part of the network 's then-new overnight service .   Charlie Tuna served as announcer , and Syd Vinnedge was producer .

neg: American Idol (season 9) The ninth season of American Idol premiered on January 12 , 2010 and concluded on May 26 , 2010 on Fox . Simon Cowell , Randy Jackson and Kara DioGuardi returned to the judging panel . Ellen DeGeneres joined the panel as a replacement for Paula Abdul after guest judges filled in during the auditions . Idol Gives Back also returned for the season and was held on April 21 , 2010 , during the top seven results show . The top 24 semi-finals format used in the fourth through seventh seasons also returned this season . Cowell , DioGuardi and DeGeneres all left the show after this season ended , although only Cowell 's departure was announced in advance . This was the second season where neither of the final 2 contestants had been in the bottom 2 or 3 prior to the finale , with the first being the seventh season . This was also the third consecutive season a male contestant had won , the longest streak for either gender . It was the first season since sixth season where a female made it to the finale and was also the first time since seventh season seven that both the finalists released a different song as a debut single .   Lee DeWyze , a folk rocker from Mount Prospect , Illinois won the competition , beating the runner-up Crystal Bowersox .   Eight contestants from this season were signed to record labels . The signed artists are Lee DeWyze , Crystal Bowersox , Casey James , Michael Lynche , Siobhan Magnus , Tim Urban , Didi Benami , and Lacey Brown .

neg: Meredith Deane Meredith Deane ( born August 9 , 1989 ) is an American child actress most known for her role as Zoe Manning in the TV show Once and Again . She recently starred in the Law & Order episode `` Profiteer '' as Ashlee .   Deane attended the prestigious Dalton School in New York City . She graduated in 2007 and was a freshman at Boston University in the fall . After joining Sigma Delta Tau at BU , she transferred to University of Southern California where she is currently attending school .

neg: 2014 Teen Choice Awards The 2014 Teen Choice Awards ceremony was held on August 10 , 2014 at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles . The event was originally scheduled to take place at the UCLA Pauley Pavilion , which was flooded by a broken water pipe on July 29 , 2014 near the campus . It was broadcast on Fox at 8:00 -- 10:00 pm ET live/PT tape-delayed . The awards celebrate the year 's achievements in music , film , television , sports , fashion , comedy , and the Internet , and were voted on by viewers aged 13 through 19 .  Selena Gomez was awarded the Ultimate Choice Award during the show .   One Direction were the biggest winners of the night , winning all ten awards they were nominated for ( including an award given out to Harry Styles and one dedicated to their fans ) . The Fault in Our Stars won all seven of its nominations as well , including four awards for Ansel Elgort .

neg: Elle Fanning Mary Elle Fanning ( born April 9 , 1998 ) is an American actress . She is the younger sister of actress Dakota Fanning . In 2011 , Fanning starred in her breakout role as Alice Dainard in J. J. Abrams ' sci-fi-drama , Super 8 , for which she received a Spotlight Award at the Hollywood Film Festival , and was cited as one of the film 's best aspects by The Telegraph .   Fanning has received multiple nominations , including for a Saturn Award , a Young Artist Award , a Broadcast Film Critics Association Award , a Teen Choice Award , a Scream Award , and an MTV Movie Award .   She is mainly known for her starring roles in Phoebe in Wonderland , Somewhere , We Bought a Zoo , Ginger and Rosa , Maleficent , and The Neon Demon .

neg: 10 Years Younger (U.S. TV series) 10 Years Younger ( also abbreviated as 10YY ) is an American reality series that aired on TLC . It takes individuals and transform them to look more `` glamorous '' , or ` ten years younger ' , hence the name of the show . As of February 2011 , the Oprah Winfrey Network have been airing reruns of the show .

neg: Renee Tenison Reneé Tenison ( born December 2 , 1968 ) is an American model , actress , and the first African-American selected to be the Playboy Playmate of the Year ( 1990 ) .

neg: Just the Ten of Us Just the Ten of Us is an American sitcom starring stand-up comedian Bill Kirchenbauer as Coach Graham Lubbock , a teacher and the head of a large Catholic family with eight children living in Eureka , California . The series is a spin-off of Growing Pains , in which Kirchenbauer portrayed the same character on a recurring basis . As the series progressed , Coach Lubbock 's four eldest daughters , the teenagers Marie ( Heather Langenkamp ) , Cindy ( Jamie Luner ) , Wendy ( Brooke Theiss ) , and Connie ( JoAnn Willette ) , became the primary focus of the show .   Just the Ten of Us aired on ABC starting with a trial run on April 26 , 1988 and ending on May 17 , 1990 . After the first four episodes in an abbreviated first season were aired , the show was renewed for two more seasons , eventually ending after 47 episodes on May 4 , 1990 . The show was a part of ABC 's early TGIF programming block .

neg: Tenes In Greek mythology , Tenes or Tennes was the eponymous hero of the island of Tenedos . He was the son either of Apollo or of King Cycnus of Colonae by Proclia , daughter or granddaughter of Laomedon . Cycnus 's second wife Philonome , daughter of Tragasus or Cragasus , falsely accused Tenes of rape , bringing in a flutist named Eumolpus as witness . Cycnus believed the accusations and tried to kill Tenes and his sister Hemithea by placing them both in a chest , which was set into the ocean . However , the chest landed at the island of Leucophrye , which was later renamed Tenedos , and the two survived . The natives of the island pronounced Tenes their king . Cycnus later learned the truth , killed Eumolpus , buried Philonome alive and tried to reconcile with his children , but Tenes rejected his overture : when Cycnus 's ship landed at Tenedos , Tenes took an axe and cut the moorings .   Tenes fought in the Trojan War on the side of the Trojans and was slain by Achilles , even though Thetis had previously warned her son against doing so , for Tenes 's death would be avenged by Apollo . Shortly after the end of the Trojan War , Agamemnon permitted the Trojan prisoners of war to build a city north of Mycenea . The city was called Tenea after Tenes . A description on the history of Tenea was also given by Pausanias .   Diodorus Siculus relates that the Tenedians founded a sanctuary of Tenes to commemorate his virtues . No flute player was allowed to enter the sacred precinct , and the name of Achilles was not to be uttered in it . Sacrifices were offered to Tenes until recent times .

neg: Teen drama A teen drama is a genre or type of drama series with a major focus on teenage and young adult characters . It came into prominence in the early 1990s , especially with the popularity of the Fox series Beverly Hills , 90210 . After 90210 became a success , television writers and producers realized the potential for this new genre to reach out to a previously ignored demographic . In the past , most series that maintained a focus on teenagers had been sitcoms , while adolescents in drama series were usually part of a larger ensemble that included adults and children .   More often than not , teen dramas have soap opera elements , incorporating one or more ongoing story arcs spanning several episodes . The young characters must deal with the dramatic ups and downs of their friendships and romances while facing an array of issues thought to be typical of adolescence . There have also been many successful teen-based series with major science fiction , fantasy and action/adventure themes .

neg: 1999 Tennessee Titans season The 1999 Tennessee Titans season was the franchise 's 40th season and their 30th in the National Football League ( NFL ) . It was the first year for the club under the moniker `` Titans '' , while the nickname `` Oilers '' was retired by the NFL . The Titans became the seventh Wild Card to qualify for the Super Bowl . However , after defeating the Bills , Colts , and Jaguars in the postseason , they lost the Super Bowl to the St. Louis Rams , 23 -- 16 on a famous last second tackle made by Rams defender Mike Jones at the goal line that prevented Titans receiver Kevin Dyson from scoring a game-tying touchdown . The highlight of the season was the Wild Card game against the Buffalo Bills , dubbed the Music City Miracle . In the games closing seconds , Kevin Dyson caught a lateral on a kickoff and ran all the way down the sidelines for a touchdown .   The team drafted defensive end Jevon Kearse with the 16th pick of the 1999 NFL Draft . He had his best years in Tennessee , being named to three consecutive Pro Bowls ( 1999 -- 2001 ) .

neg: America's Next Top Model (cycle 11) The eleventh cycle of America 's Next Top Model premiered on September 3 , 2008 and was the fifth season to be aired on The CW network . The promotional catchphrase of the cycle was `` Feel The Love . ''   The prizes for this cycle were :   A modeling contract with Elite Model Management .  A fashion spread and cover in Seventeen .  A 100,000 contract with CoverGirl cosmetics .   Approximately the first half of the competition took place in Los Angeles , moving the show back from New York City where it was held last season . The international destination for the final episodes of the cycle was Amsterdam , the Netherlands . The promotional song was `` When I Grow Up '' by the Pussycat Dolls .   The winner was 19-year-old McKey Sullivan from Lake Forest , Illinois .

neg: Child actor The term child actor or child actress is generally applied to a child acting on stage or in motion pictures or television , but also to an adult who began his or her acting career as a child ; to avoid confusion , the latter is also called a former child actor . Closely associated is teenage actor or teen actor , an actor who reached popularity as a teenager .   Many child actors find themselves struggling to adapt as they become adults . Lindsay Lohan and Macaulay Culkin are two particular famous child actors who eventually experienced much difficulty with the fame they acquired at a young age ; Lohan 's career resumed after an interruption of several years . Many child actors also become successful adult actors as well , an example being Mickey Rooney 's career that included both the popular 1935 film A Midsummer Night 's Dream and the popular 2011 film The Muppets .

neg: Puberty Blues (TV series) Puberty Blues is an Australian television drama series broadcast on Network Ten . It is based on the 1979 book by Kathy Lette and Gabrielle Carey , which was also the inspiration for the 1981 film Puberty Blues . Set during the late 1970s , the series revolves around the family and friends of Debbie and Sue , two inseparable teenage friends who are progressing through the coming of age process . The first series of eight episodes began airing from 15 August 2012 . A second series was later confirmed and premiered on 5 March 2014 .

neg: Heartbreak High Heartbreak High was a popular Australian television programme that ran for six years , through seven seasons from 1994 to 1999 on both Network Ten and ABC . The programme dealt with the students of the fictional Hartley High ( replaced by Hartley Heights from season 5 onwards ) , a tough high school in a multiracial area of Sydney , and proved to be a more gritty and fast-paced show than many of its contemporaries . It was a spin-off of the 1993 Australian feature film The Heartbreak Kid which had featured Alex Dimitriades and Claudia Karvan . However , in later series the show shifted emphasis away from the school setting and the Poulos family to the students ' homes and hangout - the Shark Pool .

neg: 10 Years Younger in 10 Days 10 Years Younger in 10 Days is a reality make-over show that screens on the Seven Network in Australia . The series is presented by Sonia Kruger and is based on the British series 10 Years Younger .   With the help of experts the participants of the show are given a complete make over in an attempt to make them look 10 Years Younger in 10 Days . At the start of the program the person 's age is guessed by people on the street and an average is taken . From this average the target image is set . At the end of the show this happens again to see the results .   The show premiered on 21 April 2009 and rated 1,348,000 viewers and came in fifth position for the night , a particularly strong result given its 9:30 pm timeslot .


query: Molly Bernard was born on the 10th.

pos: Molly Bernard Molly Kate Bernard ( born April 10 , 1989 ) is an American actress . She is best known for her role as Lauren Heller on the television series Younger .

neg: Dora Annie Dickens Dora Annie Dickens ( 16 August 1850 -- 14 April 1851 ) was the infant daughter of English novelist Charles Dickens and his wife Catherine . She was the ninth of their ten children , and the youngest of their three daughters .

neg: Bernard Lens II Bernard Lens II ( 1659 -- 1725 ) was an English engraver , pioneer of mezzotint technique , and publisher .   Bernard Lens II was the son of Bernard Lens I , `` an obscure painter '' of Dutch origin . Bernard Lens I practiced enamel technique and also authored religious treatises .   The art of Bernard Lens II , largely confined to developing mezzotint technique is an example of a general trend of hist age , when `` issues of tonality , if not colour , were developing away from the etching 's dependence on line '' . According to Malcolm Charles Salaman , `` most attractive '' of his portraits was that of Lady Mary Tudor . Salaman noted Lens for his `` practically unique '' insights into capabilitites of mezzotint in rendering artificial light , evidenced by his series of Fireworks . These prints , commemorating the victories of the Williamite War in Ireland , were `` the essential component of representational amplification in politics '' of the period .   Bernard Lens II was the father of better known miniaturist Bernard Lens III . Father and son collaborated on joint projects , for example during the 1710 tour of Native American chiefs to England . On the last day of their stay in London Bernard Lens III produced miniature portraits of the `` Four Kings '' ; Bernard Lens II copied these portraits in mezzotint , including a widely copied leaflet presenting all four portraits .

neg: Megan Bernard Megan Bernard is an Australian songwriter , performer and producer .   In 2016 she released a debut video clip for her track `` Clean Up Your Life '' , produced by Kalju Tonuma . The video was created by award winning Canadian Machinima artist Bryn Oh and received a positive response from Second Life bloggers .   Her self-produced video `` The Muse '' was filmed with Nexvio 's app 8mm and is one of their featured videos .   Megan is a founding member of MEJU , a music production team with audio artist and record producer Kalju Tonuma . In 2015 they released two experimental albums with Ollie Olsen .   She has also played guitar for Little Wise , Jess McAvoy , The State Express and Khristian Mizzi .   She released her debut EP Follow It Through in August 2016 , produced by MEJU .

neg: Molly Brett Molly Brett ( 1902 -- 1990 ) was an English illustrator and children 's author , best known for her anthropomorphic artwork .

neg: Bernard the Brave Bernard the Brave is a novel written by British novelist Margery Sharp . It is the eighth novel in a series of nine known collectively as The Rescuers which tells the story of two little mice , Bernard and Miss Bianca , and their adventures as members of the Mouse Prisoner 's Aid Society , a mouse organization dedicated to cheering up and rescuing prisoners around the world .

neg: Bernard Moras Bernard Blasius Moras ( born 10 August 1941 ) is an Indian prelate of the Roman Catholic Church , currently serving as Archbishop of Bangalore .   Born in Kuppepadavu , Mangalore , Karnataka , he was ordained to the priesthood on 6 December 1967 . During his priestly ministry , he was very involved with health care .   On 30 November 1996 , Moras was appointed Bishop of Belgaum by Pope John Paul II . He was consecrated on 25 February 1997 by Cardinal Simon Pimenta , with Bishops Aloysius D'Souza and Ignatius Pinto serving as co-consecrators . The Bishop chose as his episcopal motto : `` In Thee We Hope -- Mary Our Mother . ''   Moras was later named Archbishop of Bangalore on 22 July 2004 , being installed as such on the following 17 September . The installation , attended by no less than three cardinals , was held under tightened security , as Catholic Kannadigas have been insistent upon having a bishop from their own community to the point of violence .   Pope Benedict XVI bestowed the pallium , a woolen garment reserved to metropolitan archbishops , upon him on 29 June 2005 . In 2006 , Moras condemned Dan Brown 's novel The Da Vinci Code as `` vicious '' and `` diabolic '' . He called all Christians to boycott the film version , which he requested of the Indian film board to be banned from the country .   Archbishop Moras also chairs the Pastoral Commission for Health of the Catholic Bishops ' Conference of India and is the Ecclesiastical Advisor to the Catholic Health Association of India .   Moras takes part in the documentary The Indian Priest about Indian missionary priest Raphael Curian from 2015 .

neg: The Mollys The Mollys was an American folk-rock quintet influenced by Celtic and Tejano music . They are based in Tucson , Arizona , and their members are Nancy McCallion , Catherine Zavala , Kevin Schramm , Dan Sorenson and Gary Mackender . They have released several albums since 1992 , their most recent being Trouble in 2002 .  Craig Harris of Allmusic called them `` one of the contemporary folk music 's most eclectic bands . '' As of 2013 , the band tends to perform one annual concert , typically on Halloween .

neg: Tom Norman Tom Norman , born Thomas Noakes , ( 7 May 1860 -- 24 August 1930 ) , was an English businessman , showman and the last exhibitor of Joseph Merrick who was otherwise known as the `` Elephant Man '' . Among his later exhibits were a troupe of midgets , a `` Man in a Trance '' , `` John Chambers the armless Carpenter '' , and the `` World 's Ugliest Woman '' .   Norman started his working life as a butcher in Sussex before moving to London at the age of 14 where he sought a career on the music hall stage . There , he became interested in freak shows which he attended in his spare time . After viewing an exhibition called `` Electric Lady '' next door to his place of work , he went into business with the exhibition 's manager and began his career as a showman of human oddities . He quickly became successful , for his patter as much as his exhibits , and was called the ` Silver King ' by the American showman P. T. Barnum .   In 1884 , Norman took over the management of Joseph Merrick , otherwise known as the `` Elephant Man '' , and exhibited him for a few weeks until police closed down the show . Merrick later went to live at the London Hospital under the care of Sir Frederick Treves . In his 1923 memoirs , Treves portrayed Norman as a cruel drunk who ruthlessly exploited his acts . Norman refuted this characterisation and said that he provided Merrick ( and his other `` freaks '' ) with a means of making money independently . Norman continued a successful career as a showman and later became an auctioneer of novelty shows and circuses .   Norman died in 1930 and was survived by his wife and 10 children , five of whom followed him into the entertainment business .

neg: Death of Molly Bish Molly Anne Bish ( August 2 , 1983 -- June 27 , 2000 ) was a sixteen-year-old American girl from rural Worcester County , Massachusetts , who disappeared while working as a lifeguard in her hometown of Warren , MA . Her remains were found three years later in neighbouring Hampden County after what became the largest search in the state 's history .

neg: Bernard Rose (musician) Bernard William George Rose , OBE , ( 9 May 1916 -- 21 November 1996 ) was a British organist , soldier , composer , and academic .   A graduate of St Catharine 's College , Cambridge , 1935 -- 1939 , studying under Hubert Middleton and Edward Joseph Dent , he started his academic career at Queen 's College , Oxford , 1939 -- 1940 and 1945 -- 1957 , before being appointed Informator Choristarum ( organist and master of the choristers ) at Magdalen College , 1957 -- 1981 : Vice President of Magdalen College , Oxford , 1973 -- 1975 . Emeritus Fellow 1981 -- 1996 . He was in his later years president of the Royal College of Organists 1974 -- 1976 . His Preces and Responses , for use in the Anglican service of evensong , is widely performed . In 1952 he conducted the premiere of An Oxford Elegy by Ralph Vaughan Williams .   A chorister at Salisbury Cathedral from 1925 to 1931 , Bernard Rose studied the organ under Sir Walter Galpin Alcock , and was appointed as an assistant organist at the cathedral aged just 15 . He continued to study the organ under Sir Walter when he became a student at the Royal College of Music from 1933 to 1935 . He won the organ scholarship to St Catharine 's College over Edward Heath . As Rose began his position as a tutor in music , organist of The Queen 's College , Oxford , and conductor of the Eglesfield Music Society , the Second World War was declared . He volunteered and was seen by an army selection board and called up in September 1940 , when he underwent training . He was commissioned as a second lieutenant in 2nd Northamptonshire Yeomanry on 26 January 1941 . He saw action in the North African and Italian campaigns as a `` Desert Rat '' with the 4th County of London Yeomanry ( Sharpshooters ) , and took part in the D-day landings on 6 June 1944 . Captured on 13 June 1944 during the Battle of Villers-Bocage in Normandy , he spent the remainder of the war at Oflag 79 , a German POW camp near Brunswick , Lower Saxony , until the Ninth United States Army released him and his colleagues on 12 April 1945 . He left the army with the rank of captain .   Resuming his academic teaching he became a sought-after tutor , particularly for harmony and counterpoint and a distinguished choir master . His pupils included Kenneth Leighton , Dudley Moore , Harry Christophers of The Sixteen and his son , Gregory Rose . His special study of the choral music of Thomas Tomkins was published in Musica Deo Sacra ; another major work was his editing of Handel 's oratorio Susanna ( Kassel 1967 ) . Former choristers inspired by his leadership include Daniel Sandford , John La Bouchardière and Jonathan Powell .   For ten years from 1957 he was president of the City of Oxford Silver Band , which he also conducted   He was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire ( OBE ) in the 1980 New Year Honours , `` For Services to Music '' . His wife Molly Rose , who survived him , saw service as an air pilot in the Air Transport Auxiliary during the Second World War , and has featured in a number of seminars and T.V. programmes concerning the role of women pilots delivering aircraft to the front line .   Magdalen College Oxford have a number of compositions and letters in their archive at http://www.magd.ox.ac.uk/?s=bernard+rose   To commemorate the centenary of Rose 's birth , More Archive Recordings ( 1960 -- 76 ) The Choir of Magdalen College , Oxford is now available at http://www.oxrecs.com/magdarchive-2.html See also an article from the Oxford Times dated 7 October 2015 with some background information about this CD see http://www.oxfordtimes.co.uk/news/13806940.Historic_tapes_of_choir_concerts_saved_from_tip/

neg: Mabel Barrison Mabel Barrison ( April 21 , 1882 - November 1 , 1912 ) was a Canadian born American stage actress and singer in the first decade of the 20th century . She was born Eva Farrance and joined a musical chorus while still in her teens . She appeared in vaudeville and on Broadway with Weber and Fields and was spotted by stage director Julian Mitchell for a role in the 1903 `` Babes in Toyland '' . `` The Blue Mouse '' was written by Clyde Fitch and Fitch himself selected Barrison for a role in the play . Barrison was plagued by health problems the last two years of her life . She died on November 1 , 1912 in Toronto at the age of 30 .

neg: Will Bernard Will Bernard is a guitarist and band leader from the San Francisco Bay Area , now living in Brooklyn , New York . He has led the Will Bernard Band , Will Bernard Trio , Will Bernard 4-tet , and Motherbug .   Bernard 's first major touring and recording was with Peter Apfelbaum 's Hieroglyphics Ensemble . In the mid-1990s he joined guitarists Charlie Hunter and John Schott as T.J. Kirk . The band 's name originally `` James T. Kirk '' tributed James Brown , Thelonious Monk and Rahsaan Roland Kirk . Their second release , If Four Was One , received a 1997 Grammy Award nomination . Bernard also received a Grammy Award nomination for his own Party Hats in 2007 .   Bernard has played with many musicians including Jai Uttal and the Pagan Love Orchestra , The Coup , Robert Walter 's 20th Congress , Frequinox , Idris Muhammad , Dr. Lonnie Smith , Zigaboo Modeliste , Groundation and the Stanton Moore Trio . In January 2008 Bernard recorded his second album with the Palmetto label including John Medeski on keyboards , Stanton Moore on drums and Andy Hess on bass which was released as Blue Plate Special .

neg: St. Bernard, Ohio St. Bernard is a village in Hamilton County , Ohio , United States . The population was 4,368 at the 2010 census .

neg: Good Golly, Miss Molly `` Good Golly , Miss Molly '' is a hit rock 'n' roll song first recorded in 1956 by the American musician Little Richard and released in January 1958 as Specialty single 624 and next in July 1958 on Little Richard .  The song , a 12-bar blues , was written by John Marascalco and producer Robert `` Bumps '' Blackwell . Although it was first recorded by Little Richard , Blackwell produced another version by The Valiants , who imitated the fast first version recorded by Little Richard , not released at this time . Although the Valiants ' version was released first ( in 1957 ) , Little Richard had the hit , reaching # 4 . Like all his early hits , it quickly became a rock 'n' roll standard and has subsequently been covered by hundreds of artists . The song is ranked # 94 on the Rolling Stone magazine 's list of The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time .

neg: Bernardine (film) Bernardine is a 1957 musical film , directed by Henry Levin and starring Pat Boone , Terry Moore , Dean Jagger , Dick Sargent , and ( in her last film , after a 19-year absence ) Janet Gaynor . The 1952 play upon which the movie is based was written by Mary Coyle Chase , the Denver playwright who also wrote the smash hit Broadway play Harvey . The title song , with words and music by Johnny Mercer , became a hit record for Boone .

neg: Molly Watcke Molly McClimon Watcke ( born 10 April 1971 ) is an American long-distance runner who competes in distances from 1500 metres to the marathon .

neg: American Music Awards of 1983 The 10th Annual American Music Awards were held on January 17 , 1983 .

neg: Bernard Langer (surgeon) Doctor Bernard `` Bernie '' Langer ( born May 23 , 1932 ) is a Canadian surgeon and educator . In 2015 , he was inducted into the Canadian Medical Hall of Fame .   Born in Toronto , he received an MD ( 1956 ) from the University of Toronto , interned at the Toronto General Hospital ( TGH ) and completed training as a surgeon at the University of Toronto . Langer subsequently pursued training in oncology at MD Anderson Hospital in Houston and in liver transplantation at Brigham Hospital in Boston .   In 1963 , he was named to the staff of the TGH . Although a general surgeon , Langer developed an expertise in liver , pancreas and biliary tract surgeries . He became head of the general surgery division at the hospital in 1972 . In that role , he established a recruitment methodology which allowed the development of subspeciality areas within general surgery . In 1985 , he performed the first liver transplant in Toronto . As a member of the Provincial Advisory Committee on Surgical Oncology , the Cancer Quality Council of Ontario and the Cancer Surgery Quality Committee , he helped raise the standards for cancer care in Ontario ; these improved standards were also used as a model in other parts of Canada .   In 1982 , Langer became R.S. McLaughlin Professor and chair of the surgery department at the University of Toronto . He established a Surgeon Scientist Program , aimed at providing surgeons with research training . The Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada 's Clinician Investigator Program , established in 1994 , was modelled after the Surgeon Scientist Program . Langer also served as president of the Canadian Association of General Surgeons , as president of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract , as the first vice president of the American Surgical Association and as president of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada .   In his honour , the University of Toronto has established the Bernard and Ryna Langer Chair in General Surgery , the Department of Surgery Langer Surgeon Scientist Award and the Bernard Langer Annual Lecture in Health Sciences . The Canadian Association of General Surgeons has a Langer Lecture at its annual meeting . In 2002 , Langer was named an Officer in the Order of Canada .   Langer married Ryna Manson ; the couple has four children .   He has said `` If you do n't stand tall enough , you ca n't see far enough . ''

neg: Katarina Marinič Katarina Marinič ( 30 October 1899 -- 2 September 2010 ) was a Slovenian supercentenarian . She was the oldest ever person from Slovenia .   Marinič was the 9th of 10 children born to Anton and Marija Gabršček at Deskle , Austria-Hungary . In 1915 the family became refugees and moved elsewhere within Austria 's kingdom , but returned to the territory of modern-day Slovenia in 1918 ( as Yugoslavia 1918-1991 ) . During her time away from her place of origin , Marinič worked in the chocolate factory at Vienna and attended a culinary school in Bruck . In 1929 she married Rudolf Marinič at Smrečje . They had no children . Rudolf died in 1967 . Marinič had eight nephews and a centenarian niece living in Italy . She lived in a retirement home in Nova Gorica for the last 13 years of her life .   She died on 2 September 2010 , aged 110 years , 307 days , taking the title as Slovenia 's oldest person .

neg: Mike & Molly (season 2) The second season of the television comedy series Mike & Molly began airing on September 26 , 2011 on CBS in the United States . The season was produced by Chuck Lorre Productions and Warner Bros. . Television , with series creator Mark Roberts serving as executive producer along with Chuck Lorre , James Burrows and Don Foster .   The series focuses on the title characters Mike Biggs ( Billy Gardell ) and Molly Flynn ( Melissa McCarthy ) , a couple who meet at an Overeaters Anonymous meeting in Chicago , Illinois . After Molly , a primary-school teacher , invites police officer Mike to give a talk to her class , they begin dating . Molly lives at home with her mother Joyce ( Swoosie Kurtz ) , and sister Victoria ( Katy Mixon ) . Joyce is in an on-off relationship with widower Vince Moranto ( Louis Mustillo ) , who is often seen at the house . Mike lives alone in an apartment but is regularly kept company by his best friend and partner in the police force Carl McMillan ( Reno Wilson ) . Other prominent characters in the series include Carl 's grandmother Rosetta ( Cleo King ) , Mike 's mother Peggy ( Rondi Reed ) and cafe worker Samuel ( Nyambi Nyambi ) . Holly Robinson Peete has a recurring guest role in Season 2 as Carl 's love interest . Season two of Mike & Molly '' was broadcast in the United States on Mondays at 9:30 pm .   On August 21 , 2012 Warner Home Video released a three-disc set of the second season on DVD , which included every episode , a featurette , bloopers , and interviews with the cast .


query: Thirteen Reasons Why is incapable of being published by RazorBill.

pos: Thirteen Reasons Why Thirteen Reasons Why is a 2007 young adult novel written by Jay Asher . The book was published by RazorBill , a young adult imprint of Penguin Books . The paperback edition hit # 1 on the New York Times best-seller list in July 2011 . The book is the basis of the television series 13 Reasons Why , released through Netflix on March 31 , 2017 .

neg: PUBLIB PUBLIB is an electronic discussion list devoted to issues relating to public-library administration and use . It was founded in December 1992 by Jean Armour Polly ( then of NYSERNET , Inc. , now a librarian in upstate New York ) and the late John Iliff . PUBLIB is currently managed by volunteers Sara Weissman and Karen G. Schneider . Housed on the NYSERNET server until March 1997 , and then on the UC Berkeley SunSITE until May 2005 , PUBLIB is now hosted by OCLC .   For several years , PUBLIB had a subset , PUBLIB-Net , focused on Internet use in public libraries . Because the Internet has become well integrated into library services , support for PUBLIB-Net as a separate list ended in 2000 .   PUBLIB is oriented toward public librarians and public library managers and directors . Subscribers also include library trustees , members of library friends ' groups , library-science students and faculty , library journalists , and advocates of librarianship . On June 13 ,  2010 , PUBLIB had 9,684 subscribers in 14 countries , according to data gathered by WebJunction 's administrative software .   PUBLIB 's subscribers discuss library use and management , library technology , the mission of the library , librarianship as a profession , and library ethics . Operational questions are posed and answered ( Hill , p. 34 ) . Postings of library jobs are accepted and encouraged . Friday of each week is devoted to library anecdotes and humor .   Only subscribers may post to PUBLIB . Instructions for subscribing may be found on PUBLIB 's general information page managed by OCLC .   Authors in the field of library and information science occasionally tap PUBLIB as a resource . One such author described PUBLIB as `` a good cross-section of librarians engaged in public services , administration , technical support , and related responsibilities '' ( Sager , p. 73 ) .   Postings from February 1993 to the present have been archived and can be browsed and searched .   PUBLIB mascot and social activities   The unofficial mascot of PUBLIB is the gadfly , representing the questioning and advocacy that are characteristic of its subscribers . Mary Jane Anderson wrote a pithy response to John N. Berry III editorial about PUBLIB . It is here : http://listserv.oclc.org/scripts/wa.exe?A2=ind9702&L=PUBLIB&P=R15904&I=3&X=3F23274C94AA07AAEE&Y=mgolrick%40slol.lib.la.us   PUBLIB participants often gather informally off the list , either online through personal email messages , through personal visits while traveling , or at library conferences such as those held by the Public Library Association and the American Library Association .   Best of PUBLIB   In June 2009 , Robert Balliot set up a blog which reproduces postings from PUBLIB . He called it Best of PUBLIB . The posts are grouped by topic , and there is a listing of topics in the left hand column .

neg: Razor Boy Music Publishing Razor Boy Music Publishing is a Swedish independent music publishing company . It launched its operations on June 1 , 2008 .

neg: Antidote Films For the Australian film distribution company , see Antidote Films ( Australia ) .   Antidote Films , also known as Antidote International Films , Inc. , is an independent film production company founded by producer Jeff Levy-Hinte based in the Hudson Square neighborhood of New York City . In 2008 , Antidote completed several documentaries , including Soul Power and The Dungeon Masters , both of which premiered at the 2008 Toronto International Film Festival .   Antidote produced Roman Polanski : Wanted and Desired , a documentary directed by Marina Zenovich , which was nominated for the Grand Jury Prize and winner of the Documentary Editing Award at the 2008 Sundance Film Festival , the film will be released domestically by HBO and internationally through The Weinstein Company .   Prior to this , Antidote produced several narrative films until The Last Winter , when the company shifted its focus to documentary .   Other Antidiote productions include the eco-horror thriller The Last Winter ; The Hawk Is Dying , adapted from Harry Crews ' novel and directed by Julian Goldberger ; Mysterious Skin , directed by Greg Araki ; and Thirteen , directed by Catherine Hardwicke .   In 2003 Daily Variety announced Antidote 's plans for a film adaptation of the JT LeRoy novel ` Sarah ' , to be directed by Steven Shainberg . According to The New York Times , when Shainberg learned that JT LeRoy was a literary persona and that Laura Albert was the actual author of Sarah , he decided `` to make a ` meta-film , ' a triple-layered movie that would blend the novel with the lives of its real and purported authors in a project he took to calling ` Sarah Plus . ' '' The Times also reported that this new project `` required the rights to Laura Albert 's story , rights that she in no uncertain terms refused to grant . '' In June 2007 Antidote sued Albert for fraud , claiming that a contract signed with JT LeRoy to make a feature film of Sarah was null and void . After a Manhattan jury found Albert liable in monetary damages for the tort of fraud because she had signed her nom de plume to the movie contract , The New York Times noted that Jeffrey Levy-Hinte said , `` if Ms. Albert , who never made a fortune from her literary works , could not afford to pay the judgment , he might have to consider laying claim to the rights to her past and future books . '' Levy-Hinte 's chief lawyer insisted , `` Neither Jeff nor I want to ruin Laura Albert . We just want her to behave with a little more integrity . '' After an appeal , the damages awarded were reduced by settlement with Antidote in 2009 , and Laura Albert retained the rights to her books and her life story .

neg: Tiger Army Tiger Army is an American psychobilly band based in Los Angeles , California . The group was formed in 1996 in Berkeley , California , and its only constant member and lead songwriter is singer/guitarist Nick 13 . The band have released five studio albums and one EP .

neg: The God of the Razor The God of the Razor is a collection of short stories by American writer Joe R. Lansdale . It also contains the early Lansdale novel The Nightrunners . It was published by Subterranean Press in 2007 . Interior illustrations are by artist Glenn Chadborne . Cover artist is Timothy Truman . This book was published as a limited edition and a deluxe lettered edition . Both editions have long sold out .   The character of the God Of the Razor was the bases for the comic book limited series Blood and Shadows published by DC Vertigo in 1996 with art by Mark Nelson .

neg: Denim delinquent Denim Delinquent was an influential underground fanzine of seven issues in total , published from 1971 to 1976 . It was the first rock and roll fanzine to come out of Canada . The zine began as a launching pad for the writing of Jymn Parrett and Mark Jones in Ottawa , Ontario .   After the first two Ottawa-based issues , subsequent Denim Delinquents were published out of Los Angeles by Jymn and Dee Parrett . The content of these issues included articles about music groups playing the Sunset Strip , including the Whisky a Go Go .   Contributors included Lester Bangs , Jeremy Gluck ( later of The Barracudas ) , Danny Sugerman , Jeffrey Morgan AKA Machine Rock ( Creem ) . Interviews and features spanned such groups as :   Iggy and the Stooges  Kiss  Kinks  New York Dolls  Mott the Hoople  Michael Nesmith  Monty Python   Original issues of Denim Delinquent sell for over $ 300 on eBay .   For many years after the demise of Denim Delinquent , Jymn Parrett continued to write for various Canadian music magazines , including Cheap Thrills , Stagelife , Roxy and more recently , `` Ugly Things . ''   A compendium of Denim Delinquent issues was published by the book division of HoZac Records , May 2016 . It was sold out in one week . A second edition is currently being prepared .

neg: So You Want to Be a Wizard So You Want To Be a Wizard is the first book in the Young Wizards series currently consisting of eleven books by Diane Duane . It was written in 1982 and published in the next year . In 2012 a revised `` New Millennium Edition '' was published . The plot follows Nita Callahan , a thirteen-year-old girl who discovers a book titled So You Want to Be a Wizard while hiding from bullies in a library . She brings the book home with her and discovers that it is about the art of wizardry . She does not completely trust the book 's claim that she can become a wizard if she takes the Wizard Oath , but she takes it nonetheless . The next day when she is out trying to do her first spell she meets Kit Rodriguez , another wizard . After they successfully complete a spell together , Nita 's doubts are gone : she is a wizard .

neg: 11/22/63 11/22/63 is a novel by Stephen King about a time traveler who attempts to prevent the assassination of President John F. Kennedy , which occurred on November 22 , 1963 ( the novel 's titular date ) . The novel was announced on King 's official site on March 2 , 2011 . A short excerpt was released online on June 1 , 2011 , and another excerpt was published in the October 28 , 2011 , issue of Entertainment Weekly . The novel was published on November 8 , 2011 and quickly became a number-one bestseller . It stayed on The New York Times Best Seller list for 16 weeks . 11/22/63 won the 2011 Los Angeles Times Book Prize for Best Mystery/Thriller and the 2012 International Thriller Writers Award for Best Novel , and was nominated for the 2012 British Fantasy Award for Best Novel and the 2012 Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel .   The novel required considerable research to accurately portray the late 1950s and early 1960s . King commented on the amount of research it required , saying `` I 've never tried to write anything like this before . It was really strange at first , like breaking in a new pair of shoes . ''   The novel was adapted into a 2016 Hulu television series , 11.22.63 .

neg: Blur 21 Blur 21 is a CD , DVD and vinyl box set encompassing the vast majority of music by Blur . It was released on 30 July 2012 , commemorating the 21st anniversary of the release of Leisure , the band 's first album . The release took place before the band 's performance at Hyde Park as part of the 2012 Summer Olympics closing ceremony . One version of the box-set consists of eighteen CDs , three DVDs , one vinyl 7 '' record ( of the early Seymour track `` Superman '' ) and a hardcover book acting as a complete biography of the band . The CDs contain all seven Blur albums , with the first five remastered , with each album receiving a new second disc of B-side material ; as well as four ` rarities ' discs containing mostly previously unreleased material . The DVDs contain Showtime , The Singles Night and an all-new rarities disc . It is the band 's most retrospective release .   Another boxset , Blur 21 Vinyl Edition , was released at the same time , featuring the band 's seven studio albums on heavyweight vinyl , each of the LPs repackaged as a double album except for Leisure , a single album . The vinyl edition does not , however , include any previously unreleased material . As above , the Blur 21 CD/DVD/7 '' single pack contains many previously unreleased recordings , including the long-awaited releases of previously known about songs like `` Pap Pop , '' `` Beached Whale '' and `` Sir Elton John 's Cock . ''   Yet some previously released songs by the band have not been listed as featuring on the box set , such as `` Colours , '' a Think Tank outtake released as a fan club single in 2003 . Likewise , some unreleased songs are not featured on the box set , like `` Death Metal , '' a jam session from the 13 sessions in 1998 , and `` For Old Time 's Sake , '' recorded in 1993 for The Sunday Sunday Popular Community Song CD , but left off the EP , due to it possibly being deleted or lost . Additionally , no material from the band 's 1998 live recording and remix album Bustin ' + Dronin ' appears on the box set . Rarities 4 , one of the bonus albums in the box set , features an early mix of `` Under the Westway '' with some differences between it and the 2012 single version .   The box set also includes a special code to download all the music content as MP3 , along with all the Blurb magazine issues and extra content with audio commentary and unreleased footage per album .

neg: Twelve Angry Months Twelve Angry Months is a concept album by the alternative rock band Local H . It was released on May 13 , 2008 on Shout ! Factory . The album is about experiences surrounding a relationship breakup , with each track corresponding to a month in the year after the break-up . The title is an allusion to Twelve Angry Men . The first single is `` 24 Hour Break-Up Session '' .  The album was scheduled for a UK release on 18 August 2008 , however this was delayed for unknown reasons until 25 August 2008 .  The song ` Blur ' is a revised version of a song that appears on the band 's EP The '92 Demos .

neg: Juror 13 Juror 13 is a one-shot American manga-inspired comic written and illustrated by D. J. Milky and published by Tokyopop . The manga was released by Tokyopop on January 1 , 2006 .

neg: Why I Hate Women Why I Hate Women is Pere Ubu 's thirteenth album . It finds Keith Moliné stepping in for departing longtime guitarist Tom Herman , making this the first Pere Ubu studio album not to feature any of the group 's founders ( except for David Thomas ) , either as members or as guests . Explaining the title , David Thomas wrote `` Why I Hate Women is based on the Jim Thompson novel he never wrote but would have '' .

neg: Nowhere Men Nowhere Men is a comic book series written by Eric Stephenson . The first six issues were drawn by Nate Bellegarde , colored by Jordie Bellaire , lettered by Fonografix ( Steven Finch ) , and published by Image Comics .  As of issue 7 , Dave Taylor has replaced Nate Bellegarde , who no longer is part of the creative team . Emi Lenox also joined up , providing short comics about Monica Strange , one of the characters of Nowhere Men .   The series centers on a fictional world where a group of four scientists , long since gone their own ways , have had huge cultural influences in a way similar to that of The Beatles in our world . It 's loosely based on the story of the British Invasion , especially how The Beatles stood out . The promotional tagline , `` Science is the new Rock-N-Roll '' , exemplifies this .   The name is derived primarily from the fact that things just seem to come out of nowhere for the scientists , although there are other plot points that the name is based on as well . It was also influenced by the Beatles song `` Nowhere Man '' .   Nowhere Men was nominated for four Eisner Awards in 2014 , of which it won one : Jordie Bellaire won the award for Best Colorist for her work on several titles , including Nowhere Men .   As of March 2016 , nine issues have been published , the first six of which form the completed first arc . The seventh , eighth and ninth issue are part of the second arc , which started in January 2016 after a two-year delay and was scheduled to be completed in June 2016 .

neg: Razorbill (disambiguation) Razorbill is a large bird .   Razorbill may also refer to :   Razorbill ( publisher ) , a publishing imprint of Penguin Group

neg: The Grantville Gazettes The Grantville Gazettes are anthologies of short stories set in the 1632 universe introduced in Eric Flint 's novel 1632 .   The Gazettes started as an experiment : a professionally edited , officially sanctioned `` fan magazine '' published electronically . Initially released as serialized e-magazines , they were later published as e-books ( taking a page from the Baen Books experience with E-ARCs -- Electronic Advance Reader Copies , which had been instituted several years earlier . ) Because the electronic sales were successful , Baen contracted with Flint for more issues , to be published 3-4 times per year ( bimonthly , starting in 2007 ) . Each would form part of the canonical background for the other works ( novels and anthologies ) in the rapidly growing 1632 series .   As of mid-2012 , e-magazines are published bimonthly , and six books have been published ( five of those as both hardcover and mass market paperback ) excerpted from the first 17 issues of the magazine . A seventh book is promised .

neg: Nowhere Man: The Final Days of John Lennon Nowhere Man : The Final Days of John Lennon , first published in 2000 and written by New York journalist Robert Rosen , who in 1981 had access to John Lennon 's diaries , is a controversial account of the ex-Beatle 's last five years . The book disputes the official view of Lennon as a contented househusband raising his son Sean and baking bread while Yoko ran the family business . Instead , Nowhere Man portrays Lennon 's daily life at the Dakota as that of a `` tormented superstar , a prisoner of his fame , locked in his bedroom raving about Jesus Christ , while a retinue of servants tended to his every need . ''   Rosen says that he used his memory of Lennon 's diaries as `` a roadmap to the truth . ''   The final part of the book , The Coda , focuses on the mental disintegration of Lennon 's assassin , Mark David Chapman , and includes Chapter 27 , the so-called missing chapter of J.D. Salinger 's classic novel of disaffected youth , The Catcher in the Rye , that `` inspired '' Chapman to murder Lennon . It was Chapman 's goal , according to Rosen , to write Chapter 27 `` in Lennon 's blood . ''   Originally written in 1982 , the manuscript remained unpublished for 18 years . Soft Skull Press acquired the rights to the book in 1999 and brought out the hardcover edition the following year . Quick American Archives then picked up the rights and published the paperback edition in 2002 .   Nowhere Man was a bestseller in the United States ( Los Angeles Times , September 3 , 2000 ) , England ( Mojo , October 2000 ) , and Japan ( Amazon.co.jp , October 2000 ) . In 2003 , Random House Mondadori brought out a Spanish-language edition in Latin America . The book received extensive coverage and was excerpted in such publications as Proceso , La Jornada , El Universal , Reforma , Semana , Gatopardo , Soho , El Heraldo , El Mercurio , La Tercera , Las Últimas Noticias , and The Clinic . Nowhere Man appeared on bestseller lists in Mexico and Colombia .   The other foreign editions were published by DHC ( Japan , 2000 ) , Fusion Press ( UK , 2000 ) , Hannibal ( Germany , 2001 ) . and Coniglio ( Italy 2011 ) .   The title of the book refers to The Beatles ' song `` Nowhere Man '' ( which was written and sung primarily by Lennon ) .

neg: Nine Reasons to Say Goodbye Nine Reasons to Say Goodbye is an album by the rock band A Day in the Life . It was released in 2001 and is the only album by the band under the A Day in the Life name before their name change to Hawthorne Heights . It features their entire original lineup .   It was re-released in 2005 by Carbon Copy Media with a second disc that contains songs by 4 other bands who were signed to Carbon Copy Media , plus two other songs by A Day in the Life .   The album cover is lead vocalist JT Woodruff taking a selfie in a bathroom mirror .

neg: Freaky Trigger Freaky Trigger is an Internet publication and e-zine that focuses on popular culture with topics varying from music to cinema . It was founded by the music critic Tom Ewing in 1999 and features Pete Baran and Mark Sinker as editors . From 2000 to 2005 , it also used to host a music-specific blog , titled NYLPM . Ewing also started the popular music forum I Love Music ( ILM ) in August 2000 as a sister website to Freaky Trigger . `` ILXor.com FAQ '' , Retrieved 2016-02-09 A notable feature on the website is Popular , a longtime ongoing series where Ewing reviews each UK Singles Chart number one single ever in chronological order .   Freaky Trigger was featured in OC Weeklys list of `` 10 Crucial Music Websites '' and one of its reviews , Eminem 's `` Stan '' by Tom Ewing , was referenced on the list of `` The Best Music Writing of 2015 '' by the Complex . The Guardian have also referred to Freaky Trigger articles , one time on the Freaky Trigger piece `` The Strange Death of the UK Charts '' , and one time on an Ewing piece on Cliff Richard . Stylus Magazine have also referred to Freaky Trigger in an article . The NYLPM blog was notably eulogized by Pitchfork in early 2006 , following the suspension of its publication .

neg: Aurealis Award for best young adult novel The Aurealis Awards are presented annually by the Australia-based Chimaera Publications and WASFF to published works to `` recognise the achievements of Australian science fiction , fantasy , horror writers '' . To qualify , a work must have been first published by an Australian citizen or permanent resident between 1 January and 31 December of the corresponding year ; the presentation ceremony is held the following year . It has grown from a small function of around 20 people to a two-day event attended by over 200 people .   Since their creation in 1995 , awards have been given in various categories of speculative fiction . Categories currently include science fiction , fantasy , horror , speculative young adult fiction -- with separate awards for novels and short fiction -- collections , anthologies , illustrative works or graphic novels , children 's books , and an award for excellence in speculative fiction . The awards have attracted the attention of publishers by setting down a benchmark in science fiction and fantasy . The continued sponsorship by publishers such as HarperCollins and Orbit has added weight to the honour of the award .   The results are decided by a panel of judges from a list of submitted nominees ; the long-list of nominees is reduced to a short-list of finalists . Ties can occur if the panel decides that both entries show equal merit , however they are encouraged to choose a single winner . The judges are selected from a public application process by the Award 's management team .   This article lists all the short-list nominees and winners in the best young-adult novel category , as well as novels that have been highly commended . Three people have won the award twice -- Isobelle Carmody , Garth Nix and Scott Westerfeld . Westerfeld holds the record for most nominations with eight , and Rory Barnes has the most nominations without winning , having been a losing finalist five times .

neg: 13 Unlucky Numbers 13 Unlucky Numbers is the second album by Wax , and also marks their major label debut . The recording sessions took place during the summer of 1993 at Fort Apache Studios and were produced by Paul Q. Kolderie and Sean Slade . The album spawned the singles `` California '' and `` Who is Next '' , both with music videos directed by Spike Jonze , who is also credited for the albums photography .   Although the album lists 13 tracks , it only includes 10 songs , as the last three tracks are silent . The LP version released on independent label Shattered Records includes `` Hangin ' On '' as a bonus track , as well as being pressed on colored vinyl .


query: Genghis Khan's empire was split by his grandsons in 1000 CE.

pos: Division of the Mongol Empire The division of the Mongol Empire began when Möngke Khan died in 1259 with no declared successor , precipitating infighting between members of the Tolui family line for the title of Great Khan that escalated to the Toluid Civil War . This civil war , along with the Berke -- Hulagu war and the subsequent Kaidu -- Kublai war greatly weakened the authority of the Great Khan over the entirety of the Mongol Empire and the empire fractured into autonomous khanates , including the Golden Horde in the northwest , the Chagatai Khanate in the middle , the Ilkhanate in the southwest , and the Yuan dynasty in the east based in modern-day Beijing , although the Yuan emperors held the nominal title of Khagan of the empire . The four khanates each pursued their own separate interests and objectives , and fell at different times .

pos: Genghis Khan Genghis Khan ( -LSB- ˈdʒɛŋɡɪs_ˈkɑːn -RSB- , usually pronounced -LSB- ˈɡɛŋɡɪs_ˈkɑːn -RSB- Чингис хаан , Çingis hán -LSB- t͡ʃʰiŋɡɪs xaːŋ -RSB- , c. 1162 August 18 , 1227 ) , born Temüjin , was the Great Khan and founder of the Mongol Empire , which became the largest contiguous empire in history after his death .   He came to power by uniting many of the nomadic tribes of Northeast Asia . After founding the Empire and being proclaimed `` Genghis Khan '' , he started the Mongol invasions that conquered most of Eurasia . Campaigns initiated in his lifetime include those against the Qara Khitai , Caucasus , and Khwarazmian , Western Xia and Jin dynasties . These campaigns were often accompanied by large-scale massacres of the civilian populations -- especially in the Khwarazmian and Western Xia controlled lands . By the end of his life , the Mongol Empire occupied a substantial portion of Central Asia and China .   Before Genghis Khan died he assigned Ögedei Khan as his successor . Later his grandsons split his empire into khanates . He died in 1227 after defeating the Western Xia . He was buried in an unmarked grave somewhere in Mongolia . His descendants extended the Mongol Empire across most of Eurasia by conquering or creating vassal states in all of modern-day China , Korea , the Caucasus , Central Asia , and substantial portions of Eastern Europe and Southwest Asia . Many of these invasions repeated the earlier large-scale slaughters of local populations . As a result , Genghis Khan and his empire have a fearsome reputation in local histories .   Beyond his military accomplishments , Genghis Khan also advanced the Mongol Empire in other ways . He decreed the adoption of the Uyghur script as the Mongol Empire 's writing system . He also practiced meritocracy and encouraged religious tolerance in the Mongol Empire , and unified the nomadic tribes of Northeast Asia . Present-day Mongolians regard him as the founding father of Mongolia .   Although known for the brutality of his campaigns and considered by many to have been a genocidal ruler , Genghis Khan is also credited with bringing the Silk Road under one cohesive political environment . This brought communication and trade from Northeast Asia into Muslim Southwest Asia and Christian Europe , thus expanding the horizons of all three cultural areas .

neg: Sajid dynasty The Sajid dynasty , was an Islamic dynasty that ruled from 889-890 until 929 . Sajids ruled Azerbaijan and parts Armenia first from Maragha and Barda and then from Ardabil . The Sajids originated from the Central Asian province of Ushrusana and were of Iranian ( Sogdians )  descent . Muhammad ibn Abi ` l-Saj Diwdad the son of Diwdad , the first Sajid ruler of Azerbaijan , was appointed as its ruler in 889 or 890 . Muhammad 's father Abi ` l-Saj Devdad had fought under the Ushrusanan prince Afshin Khaydar during the latter 's final campaign against the rebel Babak Khorramdin in Azerbaijan , and later served the caliphs . Toward the end of the 9th century , as the central authority of the Abbasid Caliphate weakened , Muhammad was able to form a virtually independent state . Much of the Sajids ' energies were spent in attempting to take control of neighboring Armenia . The dynasty ended with the death of Abu ` l-Musafir al-Fath in 929 .

neg: Chonos tribe Chonos , one of the Mongolian tribes , can be found in Kalmykia , Buryatia , and the Irkutskaya province in the Russian Federation , and also in Mongolia and the People 's Republic of China . The name of the tribe translates as `` wolves '' or `` wolf 's '' , and it is one of the most ancient Mongolian tribes . It is famous as a first tribe which joined Genghis Khan .   Other names of the tribe in the various Mongolian languages include `` Shono '' , `` Chono '' , `` Shonod '' , and `` Chinos '' .   According to Rashid-al-Din , the founders of the Chonos tribe were two sons of Charake-Lingum , named Gendu-Chino and Ulug-Chino , while the third son of Charake-Lingum , Surkuduku-Chino , was the father of Ambagay-Khan . Rashid-al-Din states that the male line of the Chonos tribe is Bodonchar - Habichi-Baatar - Dutum-Meneen - Haidu - Charake-Lingum - Gendu-Chino and Ulug-Chino . The name of Gendu-Chino is still found among the Chonos `` arvans '' in Kalmykia .   In Mongolia the Chonos tribe is found among the Darkhad .

neg: 1000s (decade) The 1000s was a decade of the Julian Calendar which began on January 1 , 1000 , and ended on December 31 , 1009 .

neg: Organization of the Mongol Empire under Genghis Khan

neg: Achaemenid Assyria Athura ( ð ð ° ð cents ð 1/4 ð Aθurā ) , also called Assyria Babylonia , was a geographical area within the Persian Achaemenid Empire held by the last nobility of Aššur ( Akkadian ) , known as Athura ( Neo-Aramaic ) or Atouria ( Greek ) , during the period of 539 BC to 330 BC as a military protectorate state of Persia under the rule of Cyrus the Great . Although sometimes regarded as a satrapy , Achaemenid royal inscriptions list it as a dahyu , a concept generally interpreted as meaning either a group of people or both a country and its people , without any administrati   It mostly incorporated the original Assyrian kingdom , corresponding with modern northern Iraq in the upper Tigris , the middle and upper Euphrates , modern-day north eastern Syria ( Eber-Nari ) and part of south-east Anatolia ( modern Turkey ) . The Neo-Assyrian Empire collapsed after a period of violent civil wars , followed by an invasion by a coalition of some of its former subject peoples , the Iranian peoples ( Medes , Persians and Scythians ) , Babylonians and Cimmerians in the late 7th century BC , culminating in the Battle of Nineveh , and Assyria had fallen completely by 605 BC . Between 605 and 559 BC , Assyria was divided between the Median Empire to the east and the Neo-Babylonian Empire to the west . Both parts were subsumed into the Achaemenid Empire in 539 BC , and it has been argued that they constituted the satrapies of Media and Athura , respectively . In Herodotus ' account the Ninth Tributary District comprised `` Babylonia and the rest of Assyria '' , and excluded Eber-Nari .   Despite a few rebellions , Assyria functioned as an important part of the Achaemenid Empire . The Assyrian people were given the right to govern themselves throughout Achaemenid rule , and the Assyrian ( Aramaic ) language was used diplomatically by the Persians . Known for their combat skills , Assyrian soldiers ( along with the Lydians ) constituted the main heavy infantry of the Achaemenid empire 's military . Due to the major destruction of Assyria during the fall of its empire , some early scholars described the area as an `` uninhabited wasteland . '' Other Assyriologists , however , such as John Curtis and Simo Parpola , have strongly disputed this claim , citing how Assyria would eventually become one of the wealthiest regions among the Achaemenid Empire . This wealth was due to the land 's great prosperity for agriculture that the Persians used effectively for almost 200 years . In contrast to the policy of the Assyrian Empire , the Achaemenid Persians did not intervene in the internal affairs of their ruling satrapies as long as they continued the flow of tribute and taxes back to Persia .

neg: Abu'l-Nasr Muhammad Abu ` l-Nasr Muhammad ( died ca. 1010 ) was the last Farighunid ruler of Guzgan from 1000 to 1010 . He was the son and successor of Abu ' l Haret Ahmad .

neg: Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World ( 2004 ) is a history book written by Jack Weatherford , Dewitt Wallace Professor of Anthropology at Macalester College . It is a narrative of the rise and influence of Genghis Khan and his successors , and their influence on European civilization . Weatherford provides a different slant on Genghis Khan than has been typical in most Western accounts , attributing positive cultural effects to his rule .   In the last section , he reviews the historiography of Genghis Khan in the West and argues that the leader 's early portrayal in writings as an `` excellent , noble king '' changed to that of a brutal pagan during the Age of Enlightenment . Weatherford made use of three major non-Western sources : The Secret History of the Mongols , the Ta ' rīkh-i jahān-gushā of Juvayni and the Jami al-Tawarikh of Rashid-al-Din Hamadani .

neg: Tashkent Tashkent ( -LSB- ˌtæʃˈkɛnt -RSB- Toshkent , Тошкент , تاشكېنت , -LSB- tɒʃˈkent -RSB- Ташкент , -LSB- tɐʂˈkʲɛnt -RSB- literally `` Stone City '' ) is the capital and largest city of Uzbekistan . The officially registered population of the city in 2012 was about 2,309,300 .   Due to its position in Central Asia , Tashkent came under Sogdian and Turkic influence early in its history , before Islam in the 8th century AD . After its destruction by Genghis Khan in 1219 , the city was rebuilt and profited from the Silk Road . In 1865 it was conquered by the Russian Empire , and in Soviet times witnessed major growth and demographic changes due to forced deportations from throughout the Soviet Union . Today , as the capital of an independent Uzbekistan , Tashkent retains a multi-ethnic population with ethnic Uzbeks as the majority .

neg: Temüge Temüge ( 1168 -- 1246 ) was the youngest full-brother of Genghis Khan , fourth son of Yesugei and Oelun .  The Secret History of the Mongols tells that `` when Temujin was 9 years of age , Temuge was three years old . '' Being the youngest boy in the family , he received a prefix to the name `` otchigin '' ( diminutive form of '' отгон '' or `` otgon '' meaning `` junior '' ) , who in the family is always a `` guardian of the family and home '' ) , and therefore is often referred to as Temuge-otchigin or simply Otchigin . In childhood and adolescence was somewhat spoiled by his mother and older brothers , inclined to luxury , but was `` courageous , powerful and quick in battle '' that was recognized even by the family 's enemies . When the shaman Kokochu ( Teb-Tengri ) started dragging the power over the Mongols to his own family , Genghis khan sanctioned Temuge to kill Kokochu in a staged wrestling match .   As the youngest male sibling , Temüge and his mother , by Mongol traditions , were allotted the most land and people by Genghis Khan during his coronation . Although he seems to have been the least warlike of the brothers , and was criticized by Genghis himself for being lazy and shiftless , Temüge proved himself to be a skilled politician and capable ruler , who , alongside his mother Hoelun , ruled the Mongol heartland in his eldest brothers ' absence being engaged in war campaigns . He appears to have had intellectual leanings , first coming under the influence of the conquered Xia and Jin cultures and then taking an active interest in the other cultures encompassed in the vast Mongol empire .   Temuge attempted to enter the main political arena after the death of Ögedei Khan , his nephew and son of Genghis Khan , in 1241 . At that time , Ogedei 's son Güyük Khan was engaged in so-called `` Western campaign '' in Russia and Europe , so Temuge-otchigin tried to seize the throne , but he was intervened by Töregene , Ogedei 's widow and Güyük 's mother . After the 1246 kurultai elected Güyük as great khan , Temuge was executed .

neg: Rise of the Ottoman Empire The foundation and rise of the Ottoman Empire is a period of history that started with the emergence of the Ottoman principality in , and ended with the conquest of Constantinople on May 29 , 1453 . This period witnessed the foundation of a political entity ruled by the Ottoman Dynasty in the northwestern Anatolian region of Bithynia , and its transformation from a small principality on the Byzantine frontier into an empire spanning the Balkans and Anatolia . For this reason , this period in the empire 's history has been described as the Proto-Imperial Era . Throughout most of this period , the Ottomans were merely one of many competing states in the region , and relied upon the support of local warlords and vassals to maintain control over their realm . By the middle of the fifteenth century the Ottoman sultans were able to accumulate enough personal power and authority to establish a centralized imperial state , a process which was brought to fruition by Sultan Mehmed II ( r. 1451-1481 ) .   The cause of Ottoman success can not be attributed to any single factor , and they varied throughout the period as the Ottomans continually adapted to changing circumstances .   The earlier part of this period , the fourteenth century , is particularly difficult for historians to study due to the scarcity of sources . Not a single written document survives from the reign of Osman I , and very little survives from the rest of the century . The Ottomans , furthermore , did not begin to record their own history until the fifteenth century , more than a hundred years after many of the events they describe . It is thus a great challenge for historians to differentiate between fact and myth in analyzing the stories contained in these later chronicles , so much so that one historian has even declared it impossible , describing the earliest period of Ottoman history as a `` black hole . ''

neg: Sogdia Sogdia or Sogdiana was an ancient Iranian civilization that at different times included territory located in present-day Tajikistan and Uzbekistan such as : Samarkand , Bukhara , Khujand , Panjikent and Shahrisabz . Sogdiana was also a province of the Achaemenid Empire , eighteenth in the list on the Behistun Inscription of Darius the Great ( i. 16 ) . In the Avesta , Sogdiana is listed as the second best land that the supreme deity Ahura Mazda had created . It comes second , after Airyanem Vaejah , `` homeland of the Aryans '' , in the Zoroastrian book of Vendidad , indicating the importance of this region from ancient times . Sogdiana was conquered by the Macedonian ruler Alexander the Great in 328 BC and later formed part of the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom and Sasanian Empire .   The Sogdian states , although never politically united , were centred on the main city of Samarkand . Sogdiana lay north of Bactria , east of Khwarezm , and southeast of Kangju between the Oxus ( Amu Darya ) and the Jaxartes ( Syr Darya ) , embracing the fertile valley of the Zeravshan ( ancient Polytimetus ) . Sogdian territory corresponds to the modern provinces of Samarkand and Bokhara in modern Uzbekistan as well as the Sughd province of modern Tajikistan . During the High Middle Ages , Sogdian cities included sites stretching towards Issyk Kul such as that at the archeological site of Suyab . Sogdian , an Eastern Iranian language , is no longer a spoken language , but its direct descendant , Yaghnobi , is still spoken by the Yaghnobis of Tajikistan . It was widely spoken in Central Asia as a lingua franca and even served as one of the Turkic Khaganate 's court languages for writing documents .   Sogdians also lived in Imperial China and rose to special prominence in the military and government of the Chinese Tang dynasty ( 618 -- 907 AD ) . Sogdian merchants and diplomats traveled as far west as the Byzantine Empire . They played an important part as middlemen in the trade route of the Silk Road . While originally following the faiths of Zoroastrianism and Manichaeism from Persia , Buddhism from India , and Nestorian Christianity from West Asia , the gradual conversion to Islam among the Sogdians and their descendants began with the Muslim conquest of Transoxiana in the 8th century . The Sogdian conversion to Islam was virtually complete by the end of the Samanid Empire in 999 , coinciding with the decline of the Sogdian language , as it was largely supplanted by Persian .

neg: Liu Song dynasty The Liu Song dynasty ( ; Wade-Giles : Liu Sung Ch ` ao ) , also known as Former Song ( 420-479 CE ) , was first of the four Southern Dynasties in China , succeeding the Eastern Jin and followed by the Southern Qi .   The dynasty was founded by Liu Yu ( 363 -- 422 ) , whose surname together with `` Song '' forms the most commonly used name for the dynasty , the Liu Song . This appellation is used to distinguish it from a later dynasty of the same name , the Song dynasty ( 960 -- 1279 , whose ruling family was Zhao ) , which is better known and more significant . The Liu Song is also at times referred to as the `` Southern Song '' , as it is one of the Southern Dynasties period , i.e. , one of those with its capital at Jiankang ( modern Nanjing ) . However , the later Song dynasty , after 1127 , when it moved its capital south to Lin ` an ( modern Hangzhou , Zhejiang ) , is most commonly referred to as `` Southern Song '' . Thus , for the shorter dynasty which is the subject of this article , `` Liu Song '' has become the term preferred in most contexts .   The Liu Song was a time when there was much internal turmoil . A number of emperors were incompetent and/or tyrannical , which at least partially led to many military revolts . These rulers include Liu Shao , Emperor Xiaowu , Emperor Qianfei , Emperor Ming , and Emperor Houfei . Emperor Ming was especially vicious , murdering a large number of his brothers , nephews , and other male relatives -- many of them children . Such internal instability eventually led to the dynasty 's destruction . However , its founder Emperor Wu was considered one of the greatest generals during the Southern and Northern Dynasties period , and the reign of its third emperor , Emperor Wen , is known for its political stability and capable administration , not only of its emperor but its strong and honest officials . This is known as the Reign of Yuanjia ( 425 -- 453 ) and one of the relative golden ages for the Southern Dynasties .

neg: Qasim Khanate Qasim Khanate or Kingdom of Qasim or Khanate of Qasım ( -LSB- Касыйм ханлыгы / Касыйм патшалыгы , Qasím xanlığı / Qasím patşalığı , قاسيم حانلئعئ / قاسيم پاتسالئعئ -RSB- Касимовское ханство / Касимовское царство , Kasimovskoye khanstvo/Kasimovskoye tsarstvo ) was a Tatar khanate , a vassal of Russia , which existed from 1452 until 1681 in the territory of modern Ryazan Oblast in Russia with its capital Kasimov , in the middle course of the Oka River . Its khans were the patrilineal descendants of Toqa Temür , the thirteenth son of Jochi ( and thus a grandson of Genghis Khan ) . It was established in the lands which Grand Prince Vasily II of Moscow ( reigned 1425-1462 ) presented in 1452 to the Kazan prince Qasim khan ( d. 1469 ) , son of the first Kazan khan Olug Moxammat .

neg: Gog and Magog Gog and Magog ( -LSB- gɒg -RSB- -LSB- ˈmeɪgɒg -RSB- Gog u-Magog ) in the Hebrew Bible may be individuals , peoples , or lands ; a prophesied enemy nation of God 's people according to the Book of Ezekiel , and one of the nations according to Genesis descended from Japheth son of Noah .   The Gog prophecy is meant to be fulfilled at the approach of what is called the `` end of days '' , but not necessarily the end of the world . Jewish eschatology viewed Gog and Magog as enemies to be defeated by the Messiah , which will usher in the age of the Messiah . Christianity 's interpretation is more starkly apocalyptic : making Gog and Magog allies of Satan against God at the end of the millennium , as can be read in the Book of Revelation .   To Gog and Magog were also attached a legend , certainly current by the Roman period , that they were people contained beyond the Gates of Alexander erected by Alexander the Great . Romanized Jewish historian Josephus knew them as the tribe descended from Magog the Japhethite , as in Genesis , and explained them to be the Scythians . In the hands of Early Christian writers they became apocalyptic hordes , and throughout the Medieval period variously identified as the Huns , Khazars , Mongols , or other nomads , or even the Ten Lost Tribes of Israel .   The legend of Gog and Magog and the gates were also interpolated into the Alexander Romances . In one version , `` Goth and Magoth '' are kings of the Unclean Nations , driven beyond a mountain pass by Alexander , and blocked from returning by his new wall . Gog and Magog are said to engage in human cannibalism in the romances and derived literature . They have also been depicted on Medieval cosmological maps , or Mappa mundi , sometimes alongside Alexander 's wall .   Gog and Magog appear in the Quran as Yajuj and Majuj , adversaries of Dhul-Qarnayn , a legendary figure . Muslim geographers identified them at first with Turkic tribes from Central Asia and later with the Mongols . In modern times they remain associated with apocalyptic thinking , especially in the United States and the Muslim world .

neg: Suiyuan Suiyuan was a historical province of China . Suiyuan 's capital was Guisui ( now Hohhot ) . The abbreviation was 綏 ( pinyin : suí ) . The area Suiyuan covered is approximated today by the prefecture-level cities of Hohhot , Baotou , Wuhai , Ordos , Bayan Nur , and parts of Ulaan Chab , all today part of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region . Suiyuan was named after a district in the capital established in the Qing Dynasty .   In the early 1930s Suiyuan was occupied by the Shanxi warlord Yan Xishan , who mined Suiyuan 's iron , reorganized the province 's finances , and brought over 4,000 acre of land under cultivation for the first time . Most of the work and settlement of Suiyuan at this time was done by Shanxi farmer-soldiers under the direction of retired officers from Yan 's army . Yan 's control of Suiyuan was sufficient to cause one visiting reporter to refer to Suiyuan as a `` colony '' of Shanxi .   The Suiyuan Campaign took place in Suiyuan during the Second Sino Japanese War . It became a part of the puppet state of Mengjiang from 1937 to 1945 under Japanese rule .   During the Chinese Civil War in 1935 , Communist leader Mao Zedong promised Mongol leaders a `` unified autonomous '' administration which would include all `` historic '' Mongol lands within China , in exchange for Mongol support against the Kuomintang . This promise included the declaration that `` Under no circumstances should other -LSB- non-Mongol ethnic groups -RSB- be allowed to occupy the land of the Inner Mongolian nation '' . But following the Communist victory in 1949 , the administrators of the soon-to-be `` Mongolian '' territories with Han Chinese majorities , the biggest of which was Suiyuan with a population of over 2 million , resisted annexation by the new Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region . In 1954 , Mao reached a compromise with Suiyuan , which involved the Mongols ' taking over the administration of Suiyuan , but stipulated that the Han natives not be expelled from the territory . Uradyn Bulag thus notes that `` ironically '' , the Mongols ' territorial ambitions against Suiyuan resulted in their becoming a `` small minority within their own -LSB- enlarged -RSB- autonomous region '' .

neg: Lydians The Lydians were an Anatolian people living in Lydia , a region in western Anatolia , who spoke the distinctive Lydian language , an Indo-European language of the Anatolian group .   Questions raised regarding their origins , as defined by the language and reaching well into the 2nd millennium BC , continue to be debated by language historians and archeologists . A distinct Lydian culture lasted , in all probability , until at least shortly before the Common Era , having been attested the last time among extant records by Strabo in Kibyra in south-west Anatolia around his time ( 1st century BC ) .   The Lydian capital was at Sfard or Sardis . Their recorded history of statehood , which covers three dynasties traceable to the Late Bronze Age , reached the height of its power and achievements during the 7th and 6th centuries BC , a time which coincided with the demise of the power of neighboring Phrygia which lay to the north-east of Lydia .   Lydian power came to an abrupt end with the fall of their capital in events subsequent to the Battle of Halys in 585 BC and defeat by Cyrus the Great in 546 BC .

neg: Goguryeo Goguryeo ( ; -LSB- ko.ɡu.ɾjʌ -RSB- , 37 BCE -- 668 CE ) , originally named Goryeo ( ; -LSB- ko.ɾjʌ -RSB- ) , was a Korean kingdom located in the northern and central parts of the Korean Peninsula and the southern and central parts of inner and outer Manchuria . Goguryeo was an active participant in the power struggle for control of the Korean peninsula and was also associated with the foreign affairs of neighboring polities in China and Japan .   The Samguk Sagi , a 12th-century text from Goryeo , indicates that Goguryeo was founded in 37 BCE by Jumong , a prince from Buyeo , who was enthroned as Dongmyeong . There is archaeological and textual evidence from Chinese geographic monographs that suggests that Goguryeo may have been in existence since the second century BCE around the fall of Gojoseon , an earlier kingdom which also occupied southern Manchuria and the northern Korean Peninsula .   Goguryeo was a powerful empire and one of the great powers in East Asia , until it was defeated by a Silla -- Tang alliance in 668 after prolonged exhaustion and internal strife caused by the death of Yeon Gaesomun . After its fall , its territory was divided among the states of Later Silla , Balhae and Tang China .   The name Goryeo , a shortened form of Goguryeo , was adopted as the official name in the 5th century , and is the origin of the English name `` Korea '' .

neg: 1st millennium The first millennium was a period of time that began on January 1 , AD 1 , and ended on December 31 , AD 1000 , of the Julian calendar . It was the first period of one thousand years in the Anno Domini or Common Era .   In Europe and the Mediterranean , the first millennium was a time of great transition . The 1st century saw the peak of the Roman Empire , followed by its gradual decline during the period of Late Antiquity , the rise of Christianity and the Great Migrations . The second half of the millennium is characterized as the Early Middle Ages in Europe , and marked by the Viking expansion in the west , the rise of the Byzantine Empire in the east , and by the Islamic conquests throughout the Near East , North Africa and the Iberian peninsula , culminating in the Islamic Golden Age ( 700 -- 1200 AD ) .   In Arabia , in the mid-7th century , a man called Muhammad became the leader and the final prophet of Islam . After his death , his companions extended the religion .   In East Asia , the first millennium was also a time of great cultural advances , notably the spread of Buddhism to East Asia . In China , the Han dynasty is replaced by the Jin dynasty and later the Tang dynasty until the 10th century sees renewed fragmentation in the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period . In Japan , a sharp increase in population followed when farmers ' use of iron tools increased their productivity and crop yields . The Yamato court was established .   In South Asia , the Indian subcontinent was divided among numerous kingdoms throughout the first millennium , until the formation of the Gupta Empire .   In Mesoamerica , the first millennium was a period of enormous growth known as the Classic Era ( 200 -- 900 AD ) . Teotihuacan grew into a metropolis and its empire dominated Mesoamerica . In South America , pre-Incan , coastal cultures flourished , producing impressive metalwork and some of the finest pottery seen in the ancient world .   In North America , the Mississippian culture rose at the end of the millennium in the Mississippi and Ohio river valleys . Numerous cities were built ; Cahokia , the largest , was based in present-day Illinois , and may have had 30,000 residents at its peak about 1250 AD . The circumference of the 10-story-high Monks Mound at Cahokia was larger than that of the Pyramid of the Sun at Teotihuacan or the Great Pyramid in Egypt .

neg: List of Crimean khans This is a list of khans of the Crimean Khanate , a state which existed in present-day southern Ukraine from 1441 until 1783 . Crimean Tatars , although not a part of the Ukrainian ethnos , are deeply interconnected , having ruled a large part of modern Ukraine over the span of 300 years .   The position of Khan in Crimea was electoral and was picked by beys from four of the most noble families ( also known as Qarachi beys : argyns , kipchaks , shirins , baryns ) at kurultai where the decision about a candidate was adopted . The newly elected Khan was raised on a white felt sheet and over him were read Islamic prayers , after that the Khan was triumphantly enthroned .   The following is the chronological table of reigns of Khans of the Crimean Khanate from the Giray dynasty :