query: Jared Kushner is a real estate investor.

pos: Jared Kushner Jared Corey Kushner ( born January 10 , 1981 ) is an American real estate investor and developer , newspaper owner , and senior advisor to President Donald Trump .   Kushner is the elder son of real-estate developer Charles Kushner and is married to Trump 's daughter Ivanka . He was principal owner of the real-estate holding and development company Kushner Companies and of Observer Media , publisher of the New York Observer . He is the co-founder and part owner of Cadre , an online real-estate investment platform .   On January 9 , 2017 , Kushner was named as a senior White House advisor . He consequently resigned as CEO of Kushner Companies and as publisher of the Observer , but his private financial interests remain a subject of controversy . Kushner helped develop and run Trump 's digital media strategy .

neg: Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers ( KPCB ) is an American venture capital firm located on Sand Hill Road in Menlo Park in Silicon Valley . Specializing in investments in incubation , early stage and growth companies , since its founding in 1972 the firm has backed entrepreneurs in around 500 ventures , including AOL , Amazon.com , Compaq , Electronic Arts , Google , Netscape , Sun Microsystems , Nest , Snap , AppDynamics , and Twitter . Kleiner Perkins focuses its global investments in practice areas including technology and life sciences . The Wall Street Journal and other publications have called it one of the `` largest and most established '' venture capital firms and Dealbook named it `` one of Silicon Valley 's top venture capital providers . '' In addition to its Menlo Park headquarters , the company has offices in San Francisco and Shanghai , China .

neg: Irvine Company The Irvine Company is an American private company focused on real estate development . It is headquartered in Newport Center , California , with a large portion of its operations centered in and around Irvine , California , a planned city of 250,000 people mainly designed by the Irvine Company . The company was founded by the Irvine family and is currently wholly owned by Donald Bren . Since the company is private , its financials are not released to the public . However , Donald Bren is the richest real estate developer in the United States , valued at $ 15.2 billion .

neg: Property investment club A property investment club is an organisation which focuses on marketing property investments such as buy to let investments and below market value ( BMV ) properties to property investors .   Property investment clubs and companies can offer members ( and non-members ) discounted investment opportunities on new build , off-plan , distress sale and other properties . These ` clubs ' and ` companies ' may charge a membership fee and/or sourcing fee and/or finder 's fees as well as reservation fees for these properties .   There are many different property investment clubs offering different investments for varying costs . Some offer educational information in the form of courses , e-books and others . A minority of large ` clubs ' have received a dishonorable reputation in the recent past and if you are considering investing with the assistance of a property investment club it is worth finding out what members can expect to receive for what fees .

neg: Income trust An income trust is an investment that may hold equities , debt instruments , royalty interests or real properties . The trust can receive interest , royalty or lease payments from an operating entity carrying on a business , as well as dividends and a return of capital .   The main attraction of income trusts ( in addition to certain tax preferences for some investors ) is their stated goal of paying out consistent cash flows for investors , which is especially attractive when cash yields on bonds are low . They are especially useful for financial requirements of institutional investors such as pension funds. , and for investors such as retired individuals seeking yield . Many investors are attracted by the fact that income trusts are not allowed to make forays into unrelated businesses : if a trust is in the oil and gas business it can not buy casinos or motion picture studios .   The names income trust and income fund are sometimes used interchangeably , even though most trusts have a narrower scope than funds . Income trusts are most commonly seen in Canada . The closest analogue in the United States to the business and royalty trusts would be the master limited partnership .

neg: Real estate contract A real estate contract is a contract between parties for the purchase and sale , exchange , or other conveyance of real estate . The sale of land is governed by the laws and practices of the jurisdiction in which the land is located . Real estate called leasehold estate is actually a rental of real property such as an apartment , and leases ( rental contracts ) cover such rentals since they typically do not result in recordable deeds . Freehold ( `` More permanent '' ) conveyances of real estate are covered by real estate contracts , including conveying fee simple title , life estates , remainder estates , and freehold easements . Real estate contracts are typically bilateral contracts ( i. e. , agreed to by two parties ) and should have the legal requirements specified by contract law in general and should also be in writing to be enforceable .

neg: National Retail Properties National Retail Properties is a real estate company based in Orlando , Florida . The company invests in single-tenant , triple-net lease retail properties .

neg: Hoffner Historic District The Hoffner Historic District is a historic collection of buildings in the Northside neighborhood of Cincinnati , Ohio , United States . Built primarily at the end of the nineteenth century , the district has experienced few changes since it was built , and it has been named a historic site .   Northside , also known as `` Cumminsville '' , was first owned by John Cleves Symmes as part of his Symmes Purchase . Included within the boundaries of Mill Creek Township , the land was bought by Ezekiel Hutchinson and David Cummings in 1811 and 1817 respectively ; the two men owned what is now the neighborhood 's western and eastern portions , respectively . Both lands were bought by wealthy landowner Jacob Hoffner in 1836 ; he turned them into some of the grounds of an estate of more than 400 acre . The estate failed to endure : Hoffner resided at the estate until his 1891 death , but the grounds were quickly subdivided and sold . Before long , the district 's buildings had been constructed , and since the 1890s the neighborhood has experienced numerous changes : despite overwhelming technological advancement since the 1890s , the district retains its original appearance of a small village whose businesses can fulfill all needs of all residents within easy walking distance of their homes .   In 1978 , the Hoffner Historic District was officially designated and listed on the National Register of Historic Places . It is composed of twelve buildings in an area of 5 acre : eleven that contribute to its historic nature , and one that does not . The district qualified for the National Register because of its distinctive historic architecture ; built largely in the Italianate style , the buildings demonstrate the influence of German cultural influences in their uniform construction methods . Several houses are located in the district , along with a train station , a Masonic lodge , and a former train station .

neg: PIMCO Pacific Investment Management Company , LLC ( commonly called PIMCO ) , is an American investment management firm headquartered in Newport Beach , California , with over 2,000 employees working in 13 offices across 12 countries , and $ 1.51 trillion in assets under management as of 30 June 2016 . The company provides mutual funds and other portfolio management and asset allocation solutions for millions of investors worldwide . PIMCO offers a broad list of investment strategies that encompass the entire risk spectrum and capital structure , including core bonds and credit , structured credit , alternatives , real assets , equities and currencies .   PIMCO oversees investments on behalf of millions of clients , including retirement savers , public and private pension plans , educational institutions , central banks and government agencies , foundations and endowments and financial intermediaries among others .   The firm , a prominent thought leader in the financial markets , is known to have coined and popularized the phrase `` The New Normal '' in the aftermath of the subprime mortgage crisis in 2009 . `` The new normal '' as a standalone phrase has a long history dating to the post-First World War era and then seeing a new resurgence in use in the post 9/11 era . More recently , PIMCO introduced `` The New Neutral '' thesis to characterize a period of lower but stable economic growth , and interest rates to remain lower than historically for a longer period of time .   In April 2015 , PIMCO announced the hire of former Federal Reserve Chairman , Dr. Ben Bernanke as a Senior Advisor , following in the footsteps of predecessor Federal Reserve Chairman , Alan Greenspan .

neg: Jared Jared , / ˈdʒæɹəd / , is a proper name of Biblical derivation that is a common first name , mostly in North American English-speaking countries .   In the Book of Genesis , the biblical patriarch Jared was the sixth link in the ten pre-flood generations between Adam and Noah ; he was the son of Mahalaleel and the father of Enoch , and lived 962 years ( per Genesis 5:18 ) .  The biblical text in Jubilees implicitly etymologizes the name as derived from the root YRD `` descend '' , because in his days `` the angels of the Lord descended to earth '' . Alternative suggestions for the name 's etymology include words for `` rose '' and for `` servant '' .   Yared ( 505 -- 571 ) was an Ethiopian bishop who introduced the concept of sacred music to Ethiopian Orthodox services .  He is regarded as a saint of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church with a feast day of 11 Genbot ( May 19 ) .   Jared was ( rarely ) used as a given name in 18th-century Anglo-Saxon Protestantism , and was revived as a popularly given name  in the United States in the 1960s , due to the character of Jarrod Barkley on the television series The Big Valley , peaking at rank 51 in popularity in 1998 .

neg: Tamares Real Estate Investments Tamares Real Estate Investments is a global , privately owned real estate investment company based in London . It is a subsidiary of Tamares Group , headed by Poju Zabludowicz . Tamares is the largest landholder in downtown Las Vegas , owning 40 % of the land . Tamares acquires and operates its properties .   Today , Tamares Group holds a $ 3 billion portfolio . Its real estate holdings encompass 2.3 million square feet of office space .

neg: Collateralized mortgage obligation A collateralized mortgage obligation ( CMO ) is a type of complex debt security that repackages and directs the payments of principal and interest from a collateral pool to different types and maturities of securities , thereby meeting investor needs . CMOs were first created in 1983 by the investment banks Salomon Brothers and First Boston for the U.S. mortgage liquidity provider Freddie Mac . ( The Salomon Brothers team was led by Gordon Taylor . The First Boston team was led by Dexter Senft ) .   Legally , a CMO is a debt security issued by an abstraction -- a special purpose entity -- and is not a debt owed by the institution creating and operating the entity . The entity is the legal owner of a set of mortgages , called a pool . Investors in a CMO buy bonds issued by the entity , and they receive payments from the income generated by the mortgages according to a defined set of rules . With regard to terminology , the mortgages themselves are termed collateral , ` classes ' refers to groups of mortgages issued to borrowers of roughly similar credit worthiness , tranches are specified fractions or slices , metaphorically speaking , of a pool of mortgages and the income they produce that are combined into an individual security , while the structure is the set of rules that dictates how the income received from the collateral will be distributed . The legal entity , collateral , and structure are collectively referred to as the deal . Unlike traditional mortgage pass-through securities , CMOs feature different payment streams and risks , depending on investor preferences . For tax purposes , CMOs are generally structured as Real Estate Mortgage Investment Conduits , which avoid the potential for `` double-taxation '' .   Investors in CMOs include banks , hedge funds , insurance companies , pension funds , mutual funds , government agencies , and most recently central banks . This article focuses primarily on CMO bonds as traded in the United States of America .   The term `` collateralized mortgage obligation '' technically refers to a security issued by specific type of legal entity dealing in residential mortgages , but investors also frequently refer to deals put together using other types of entities such as real estate mortgage investment conduits as CMOs .

neg: Crown Estate The Crown Estate is a collection of lands and holdings in the United Kingdom belonging to the British monarch as a corporation sole , making it the `` Sovereign 's public estate '' , which is neither government property nor part of the monarch 's private estate . As a result of this arrangement , the sovereign is not involved with the management or administration of the estate , exercising only very limited control of its affairs . Instead , the estate 's extensive portfolio is overseen by a semi-independent , incorporated public body headed by the Crown Estate Commissioners , who exercise `` the powers of ownership '' of the estate , although they are not `` owners in their own right '' . The revenues from these hereditary possessions have been placed by the monarch at the disposition of Her Majesty 's Government and thus proceed directly to Her Majesty 's Treasury for the benefit of the British nation . The Crown Estate is formally accountable to the Parliament of the United Kingdom , where it is legally mandated to make an annual report to the sovereign , a copy of which is forwarded to the House of Commons .   The Crown Estate is one of the largest property managers in the United Kingdom , overseeing property worth # 12 billion , with urban properties valued at # 9.1 billion representing the majority of the estate by value . These include a large number of properties in central London , but the estate also controls 792000 ha of agricultural land and forest , more than half of the UK 's foreshore , and retains various other traditional holdings and rights , including Ascot Racecourse and Windsor Great Park . Naturally occurring gold and silver in the UK , collectively known as `` Mines Royal '' , are managed by The Crown Estate and leased to mining operators .   Historically , Crown Estate properties were administered by the reigning monarch to help fund the business of governing the country . However , in 1760 , George III surrendered control over the Estate 's revenues to the treasury , thus relieving him of the responsibility of personally paying for the costs of the civil service , defence costs , the national debt , and his own personal debts . In return , he received an annual grant known as the Civil list . By tradition , each subsequent monarch agreed to this arrangement upon his or her accession . However , from 1 April 2012 , under the terms of the Sovereign Grant Act 2011 ( SSG ) , the Civil List was abolished and the monarch was thenceforth provided with a stable source of revenue indexed to a percentage of the Crown Estate 's annual net revenue ( currently set at 15 % ) . This was intended to provide a long-term solution and remove the politically sensitive issue of Parliament having to debate the Civil List allowance every ten years . Subsequently , the Sovereign Grant Act allows for all future monarchs to simply extend these provisions for their reigns by Order in Council . The act does not imply any legal change on the nature of the estate 's ownership , but is simply a benchmark by which the sovereign grant is set as a grant by Parliament .

neg: United Country Real Estate United Country Real Estate is a franchise-based real estate marketing company . The company provides leads , marketing programs , advanced training and technology solutions to affiliated realtors that pay a franchise fee . It operates more than 3,000 websites targeting local markets . The websites collectively obtain 2.9 million monthly unique visitors . The franchise system provides vast support in terms of marketing , technology and training . From a marketing standpoint , United Country publishes catalogs and listings , pays for advertising , develops marketing programs , creates brochures , postcards and email content , provides office space and computer systems and support .   The company differentiates itself from other brokerages by offering comprehensive services , from advanced technology solutions to personal consultative services and innovative marketing solutions . The company also offers an in-house real estate advertising agency , Enhanced Marketing Solutions .   History   United Country Real Estate was founded in 1925 with a focus on farms and ranches in rural towns by Roscoe Chamberlain out of a Kansas City bank . It published the first rural properties catalog in 1928 , which was put on display at the Smithsonian in 1981 . Founded under the name United Farm Real Estate , it changed names to United National Real Estate to reflect its expansion into suburban neighborhoods in 1986 . The company was acquired by a management group in 1990 and changed its name again to United Country seven years later . United Country Real Estate had approximately 150 franchises by 1997 and 300 by 1999 . This grew to 700 franchise members by 2007 , when Dan Duffy and his investment partners acquired the company . In 2010 the organization raised $ 1 million in funding to expand its web presence for suburban areas with a local population of 50,000 or more . Two years later , United Real Estate was launched , which built `` United Lounges , '' which provide an office facility for affiliated realtors , in Houston , Chicago , Philadelphia and Washington .   As of 2013 , it has 4,000 participating real-estate agents . In 2015 , the company partnered with McCarthy Capital Fund V to expand plans for growth . The growth capital enabled United Country Real Estate to expedite its business growth strategies with excess liquidity and a strong balance sheet . Existing management increased its ownership as part of the transaction and will remain in place without exception . Today , the company operates under the name United Country Real Estate and specializes in lifestyle , country and small town properties around the country and in Mexico and Central America .   United Real Estate Group , operating the United Real Estate and United Country Real Estate brands , is the leading fully integrated network of conventional and auction real estate professionals globally . The two brands combined address the unique markets they serve , urban and rural , with exclusive marketing and technology solutions . United supports nearly 600 offices and 5,000 real estate professionals across four continents with a unique , comprehensive marketing program that includes one of the largest portfolios of real estate websites , the largest internal real estate marketing services company , an extensive buyer database and international advertising of properties .

neg: Private equity firm A private equity firm is an investment management company that provides financial backing and makes investments in the private equity of startup or operating companies through a variety of loosely affiliated investment strategies including leveraged buyout , venture capital , and growth capital . Often described as a financial sponsor , each firm will raise funds that will be invested in accordance with one or more specific investment strategies .   Typically , a private equity firm will raise pools of capital , or private equity funds that supply the equity contributions for these transactions . Private equity firms will receive a periodic management fee as well as a share in the profits earned ( carried interest ) from each private equity fund managed .   Private equity firms , with their investors , will acquire a controlling or substantial minority position in a company and then look to maximize the value of that investment . Private equity firms generally receive a return on their investments through one of the following avenues :  an initial public offering ( IPO ) -- shares of the company are offered to the public , typically providing a partial immediate realization to the financial sponsor as well as a public market into which it can later sell additional shares ;  a merger or acquisition -- the company is sold for either cash or shares in another company ;  a recapitalization -- cash is distributed to the shareholders ( in this case the financial sponsor ) and its private equity funds either from cash flow generated by the company or through raising debt or other securities to fund the distribution .   Private equity firms characteristically make longer-hold investments in target industry sectors or specific investment areas where they have expertise . Private equity firms and investment funds should not be confused with hedge fund firms which typically make shorter-term investments in securities and other more liquid assets within an industry sector but with less direct influence or control over the operations of a specific company . Where private equity firms take on operational roles to manage risks and achieve growth through long term investments , hedge funds more frequently act as short-term traders of securities betting on both the up and down sides of a business or of an industry sector 's financial health .

neg: Capital Group Companies Capital Group is an American financial services company , it ranks among the world 's oldest and largest investment management organizations , with $ 1.39 trillion in assets under management . Founded in Los Angeles , California in 1931 , it is privately held and has offices around the globe in the Americas , Asia , Australia and Europe .   Capital offers a range of products , including more than 40 mutual funds through its subsidiary , American Funds , as well as separately managed accounts ( or collective investment trusts ) , private equity , investment services for high net worth investors in the U.S. , and a range of other offerings for institutional clients and individual investors globally .

neg: Fordham Company The Fordham Company is a real estate development company founded in 1988 and based out of Chicago , Illinois . The company 's chairman is Christopher T. Carley . As of 2015 they had developed over 16,000 residential units .   The company owns several skyscrapers and buildings in downtown Chicago including `` 65 East Goethe , '' The Fordham , and The Pinnacle . The Fordham Company also began development of the 2000 ft Fordham Spire project , which was purchased by Shelbourne Development and renamed the Chicago Spire . The Spire was never completed . Fordham was also involved in the development of the unbuilt Waldorf-Astoria Hotel and Residence Tower .

neg: Investment trust An investment trust is a form of collective investment found mostly in the United Kingdom . Investment trusts are closed-end funds and are constituted as public limited companies . In many respects , the investment trust was the progenitor of the investment company in the U.S.   The name is somewhat misleading , given that ( according to law ) an investment `` trust '' is not in fact a `` trust '' in the legal sense at all , but a separate legal person or a company . This matters for the fiduciary duties owed by the trustees and the equitable ownership of the fund 's assets .

neg: Equity Capital Management Equity Capital Management , LLC ( ECM ) is a private equity real estate investment firm specializing in the corporate sale leaseback and net lease markets .

neg: Hellman & Friedman Hellman & Friedman LLC ( H&F ) is an American private equity firm , founded in 1984 by Warren Hellman and Tully Friedman , that makes investments primarily through leveraged buyouts and minority growth capital investments . H&F has focused its efforts on several core target industries including media , financial services , professional services and information services . The firm tends to avoid asset intensive or other industrial businesses ( e.g. , manufacturing , chemicals , transportation ) . H&F is based in San Francisco , with offices in New York and London .

neg: CapitaLand CapitaLand Limited ( Chinese : 凯德集团 , , ) is a Singapore based real estate company . Formed in November 2000 as a result of a merger of DBS Land and Pidemco Land , it is one of Asia 's largest real estate companies headquartered and listed in Singapore . The company leverages its significant asset base , design and development capabilities , active capital management strategies , and extensive market network and operational capabilities to develop high-quality real estate products and services . Its diversified global real estate portfolio includes integrated developments , shopping malls , serviced residences , offices and homes . Its two core markets are Singapore and China , while Indonesia , Malaysia and Vietnam have been identified as new growth markets . The company also has one of the largest real estate fund management businesses with assets located in Asia . CapitaLand 's listed real estate investment trusts ( REITs ) are CapitaLand Mall Trust , CapitaLand Commercial Trust , Ascott Residence Trust , CapitaLand Retail China Trust and CapitaLand Malaysia Mall Trust .


query: The Avengers is a film.

pos: The Avengers (2012 film) Marvel 's The Avengers ( classified under the name Marvel Avengers Assemble in the United Kingdom and Ireland ) , or simply The Avengers , is a 2012 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics superhero team of the same name , produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures . It is the sixth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe . The film was written and directed by Joss Whedon and features an ensemble cast that includes Robert Downey Jr. , Chris Evans , Mark Ruffalo , Chris Hemsworth , Scarlett Johansson , Jeremy Renner , Tom Hiddleston , Clark Gregg , Cobie Smulders , Stellan Skarsgård , and Samuel L. Jackson . In the film , Nick Fury , director of the peacekeeping organization S.H.I.E.L.D. , recruits Iron Man , Captain America , the Hulk , and Thor to form a team that must stop Thor 's brother Loki from subjugating Earth .   The film 's development began when Marvel Studios received a loan from Merrill Lynch in April 2005 . After the success of the film Iron Man in May 2008 , Marvel announced that The Avengers would be released in July 2011 . With the signing of Johansson in March 2009 , the film was pushed back for a 2012 release . Whedon was brought on board in April 2010 and rewrote the original screenplay by Zak Penn. . Production began in April 2011 in Albuquerque , New Mexico , before moving to Cleveland , Ohio , in August and New York City in September . The film was converted to 3D in post-production .   The Avengers premiered on April 11 , 2012 , at Hollywood 's El Capitan Theatre and was released theatrically in the United States on May 4 , 2012 . The film received positive reviews from critics , as well as numerous awards and nominations including Academy Award and BAFTA nominations for achievements in visual effects . It has set or tied numerous box office records , including the biggest opening weekend in North America . The Avengers grossed over $ 1.5 billion worldwide , and became the third-highest-grossing film during its theatrical run -- as well as the first Marvel production to generate $ 1 billion in ticket sales . The film was released on Blu-ray Disc and DVD on September 25 , 2012 . A sequel , titled Avengers : Age of Ultron , was released on May 1 , 2015 , while two additional sequels , Avengers : Infinity War and an untitled sequel , are currently in development , with Infinity War scheduled for a May 4 , 2018 release date , and its sequel scheduled to be released on May 3 , 2019 .

neg: What the Butler Saw (The Avengers) `` What the Butler Saw '' is the twenty-second episode of the fourth series of the 1960s cult British spy-fi television series The Avengers , starring Patrick Macnee and Diana Rigg . It originally aired on ABC on 25 February 1966 . The episode was directed by Bill Bain and written by Philip Levene .

neg: Christopher Markus and Stephen McFeely Christopher Markus and Stephen McFeely are a duo of American screenwriters and producers . They are known for their work in the Marvel Cinematic Universe , having written the three Captain America films ( The First Avenger , The Winter Soldier , and Civil War ) , Thor : The Dark World , and will be writing Avengers : Infinity War and its untitled sequel ; and having created the Agent Carter TV series . They are also the screenwriters of The Chronicles of Narnia film franchise .   They made their screenwriting debut in 2004 with The Life and Death of Peter Sellers , for which they won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing for a Miniseries , Movie or a Dramatic Special . They also wrote the films You Kill Me and Pain & Gain .

neg: Captain Marvel (DC Comics) Captain Marvel , also known as Shazam , is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics . Artist C. C. Beck and writer Bill Parker created the character in 1939 . Captain Marvel first appeared in Whiz Comics # 2 ( cover-dated Feb. 1940 ) , published by Fawcett Comics . He is the alter ego of Billy Batson , a boy who , by speaking the magic word `` SHAZAM '' ( acronym of 6 Greek `` immortal elders '' - Solomon , Hercules , Atlas , Zeus , Achilles , and Mercury ) , can transform himself into a costumed adult with the powers of superhuman strength , speed , flight , and other abilities .   Based on book sales , the character was the most popular superhero of the 1940s , outselling even Superman . Fawcett expanded the franchise to include other `` Marvels '' , primarily Marvel Family associates Mary Marvel and Captain Marvel Jr. , who can harness Billy 's powers as well . Captain Marvel was also the first comic book superhero to be adapted into film , in a 1941 Republic Pictures serial titled Adventures of Captain Marvel .   Fawcett ceased publishing Captain Marvel-related comics in 1953 , partly because of a copyright infringement suit from DC Comics , alleging that Captain Marvel was a copy of Superman . In 1972 , DC licensed the Marvel Family characters from Fawcett , and returned them to publication . By 1991 , DC had acquired all rights to the characters . DC has since integrated Captain Marvel and the Marvel Family into their DC Universe and has attempted to revive the property several times , with mixed success . Due to trademark conflicts over another character named `` Captain Marvel '' owned by Marvel Comics since 1967 , DC chose to publish the character 's adventures in a comic book titled Shazam ! for many years , leading many to assume that this was the character 's name . DC later officially renamed the character `` Shazam '' when relaunching its comic book properties in 2011 .   In addition , since 1972 , the character has been featured in two television series adaptations , one live action and one animated , by Filmation , and an upcoming Warner Bros. . Shazam ! feature film scheduled for release in 2019 as part of the DC Extended Universe . Captain Marvel was ranked as the 55th greatest comic book character of all time by Wizard magazine . IGN also ranked Captain Marvel as the 50th greatest comic book hero of all time , stating that the character will always be an enduring reminder of a simpler time . UGO Networks ranked him as one of the top heroes of entertainment , saying , `` At his best , Shazam has always been Superman with a sense of crazy , goofy fun '' .

neg: Marvel Productions Marvel Productions Ltd. , later known as New World Animation Ltd. , was the television and film studio subsidiary of the Marvel Entertainment Group , based in Hollywood , Los Angeles , California . It later became a subsidiary of New World Entertainment and eventually of News Corporation ( Fox Entertainment Group ) .   Marvel Productions produced animated television series , motion pictures , and television specials such as Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends , The Incredible Hulk , My Little Pony : The Movie , The Transformers : The Movie , and G.I. Joe : The Movie as well as the Transformers and G.I. Joe : A Real American Hero television series . Most of Marvel Productions ' back catalog ( mostly non-Hasbro related productions ) is currently owned by The Walt Disney Company .

neg: Ultimate Nick Fury General Nicholas Joseph `` Nick '' Fury is a fictional character appearing in comic books published by Marvel Comics ' Ultimate Marvel section as a different version of Nick Fury . He has a substantial presence in all the Ultimate Marvel comics , appearing first in Ultimate Marvel Team-Up and Ultimate X-Men and later reappearing regularly in Ultimate Spider-Man and finally securing a regular , recurring role as the general of S.H.I.E.L.D. and the leader of the Ultimates , a re-imagining of the Avengers . His character was redesigned to look like Samuel L. Jackson , the actor who later went on to portray Nick Fury in several Marvel movies and television shows set in the established Marvel Cinematic Universe .

neg: Captain Marvel (Mar-Vell) Captain Marvel ( Mar-Vell ) is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The character was created by writer-editor Stan Lee and designed by artist Gene Colan and first appeared in Marvel Super-Heroes # 12 ( December 1967 ) .   The character debuted during the Silver Age of comic books and has made many appearances since then , including a self-titled series and the second volume of the Marvel Spotlight series . Captain Marvel was ranked 24th in IGN 's list of `` The Top 50 Avengers '' and has appeared in television series and video games .

neg: Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film .   The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .

neg: Film series A film series ( also referred to as a film franchise ) is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe , or are marketed as a series .   Sometimes the work is conceived from the beginning as a multiple-film work , for example the Three Colours series , but in most cases the success of the original film inspires further films to be made . Individual sequels are relatively common , but are not always successful enough to spawn further installments .   The Marvel Cinematic Universe is the highest grossing film series in unadjusted US Dollar figures surpassing the Harry Potter , Star Wars , James Bond , and Peter Jackson 's The Lord of the Rings series . However , `` Star Wars '' has the highest when adjusted for inflation .

neg: Mandrake (The Avengers) Mandrake is the eighteenth episode of the third series of the 1960s cult British spy-fi television series The Avengers , starring Patrick Macnee and Honor Blackman . It originally aired on ABC on 25 January 1964 . The episode was directed by Bill Bain and written by Roger Marshall .

neg: Anthony Stark Anthony Stark is the name of :   Anthony Stark ( director ) ( 1961 -- 2011 ) , American film director and screenwriter  Anthony `` Tony '' Stark , the fictional superhero Iron Man

neg: Avengers (video game) Avengers , sometimes known as Avenger , and known in Japan as , is a overhead-view vertically scrolling beat 'em up arcade game developed and published by Capcom . The game was directed by Takashi Nishiyama , who later co-planned the original Street Fighter and a few of SNK 's early fighting games .

neg: Dance with Death (The Avengers) Dance with Death is the twelfth episode of the first series of the 1960s cult British spy-fi television series The Avengers , starring Ian Hendry and Patrick Macnee and guest starring Caroline Blakiston , Angela Douglas and Geoffrey Palmer . It originally aired on ABC on 15 April 1961 . The episode is considered to be lost . The episode was directed by Don Leaver , designed by James Goddard , and written by Peter Ling and Sheilah Ward .

neg: Dark X-Men The Dark X-Men are a fictional team appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . They made their debut during the crossover between Dark Avengers and Uncanny X-Men written by Matt Fraction , as part of the broader Dark Reign storyline . Each member but Namor has been handpicked by then -- H.A.M.M.E.R. director Norman Osborn for his own criminal agenda .   The team was never officially called the `` Dark X-Men '' ( which was the name of the comics series , not the team ) . Instead , they were simply called the `` X-Men '' and were a government-sponsored team trying to take advantage of the name recognition of Charles Xavier 's X-Men , to which they had no official connection ( much like Osborn 's Avengers team was pretending to be the real Avengers ) .

neg: Thor: The Mighty Avenger (toy line) Thor : The Mighty Avenger is a toy line manufactured by Hasbro based on the Marvel Comics film , Thor . It is composed mainly of 3.75 '' scale action figures .   The line falls under Marvel 's `` Avengers Assemble '' marketing banner , which will also include the Iron Man : The Armored Avenger and Captain America : The First Avenger toy lines . This will be used as a lead up to 2012 's The Avengers motion picture .   Unlike previous 3.75 '' action figure lines based on movies , Hasbro is not doing a comic series with this line . All of the figures will be based on the movie . This official street date for the line is March 1 , though some stores have started selling the toys in early February .

neg: Dressed to Kill (The Avengers) Dressed to Kill is the fourteenth episode of the third series of the 1960s cult British spy-fi television series The Avengers , starring Patrick Macnee and Honor Blackman . It originally aired on ABC on 28 December 1963 . The episode was directed by Bill Bain and written by Brian Clemens .

neg: The Theory of Everything (2014 film) The Theory of Everything is a 2014 British biographical romantic drama film directed by James Marsh and adapted by Anthony McCarten from the memoir Travelling to Infinity : My Life with Stephen by Jane Wilde Hawking , which deals with her relationship with her ex-husband , theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking , his diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( ALS , also known as Lou Gehrig 's disease or motor neurone disease ) , and his success in physics .   The film stars Eddie Redmayne and Felicity Jones with Charlie Cox , Emily Watson , Simon McBurney , Christian McKay , Harry Lloyd and David Thewlis featured in supporting roles . The film had its world premiere at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival on 7 September 2014 .   The film was acclaimed critically worldwide , with praise for the musical score , cinematography and the performance of Felicity Jones and especially Eddie Redmayne , which earned him nominations for a variety of accolades in award shows and film festivals , including the Academy Award for Best Actor . The film received four Golden Globe Award nominations , winning the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama for Redmayne and Best Original Score for Jóhannsson . It received three Screen Actors Guild Awards nominations , winning one for the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role for Redmayne . It received 10 British Academy Film Awards nominations and won Outstanding British Film , Best Leading Actor ( for Redmayne ) and Best Adapted Screenplay ( for McCarten ) .

neg: Captain Marvel (Marvel Comics) Captain Marvel is the name of several fictional superheroes appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Most of these versions exist in Marvel 's main shared universe , known as the Marvel Universe .

neg: BAFTA Award for Best Film The BAFTA Award for Best Film is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . It has been given since the 1st BAFTA Awards , representing the best films of 1947 , but until 1969 it was called the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source . It is possible for films from any country to be nominated , although British films are also recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best British Film and ( since 1983 ) foreign-language films in BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language . As such , there have been multiple occasions of a film being nominated in two of these categories .   There has been one tie for the Best Film award when , in 1962 , Ballad of a Soldier tied with The Hustler for Best Film from any Source . Until 1981 , the award was given to the director , except in 1976 and 1977 , when it was given to the producers . From 1981 to 1985 , it was given solely to the producers , and then in 1986 , it was shared between the Director and Producer . In 1998 , it was once again given to only the producers .   In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .

neg: The Things We Bury `` The Things We Bury '' is the eighth episode of the second season of the American television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. , based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D. ( Strategic Homeland Intervention , Enforcement and Logistics Division ) , revolving around the character of Phil Coulson and his team of S.H.I.E.L.D. agents as they search for a hidden alien city , and discover secrets about their enemies . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) , sharing continuity with the films of the franchise . The episode was written by DJ Doyle and directed by Milan Cheylov .   Clark Gregg reprises his role as Coulson from the film series , and is joined by principal cast members Ming-Na Wen , Brett Dalton , Chloe Bennet , Iain De Caestecker , Elizabeth Henstridge , and Nick Blood . Hayley Atwell reprises her role from other MCU projects in flashbacks with connections to the television series Agent Carter and the films Captain America : The First Avenger and Captain America : The Winter Soldier .   `` The Things We Bury '' originally aired on ABC on November 18 , 2014 , and according to Nielsen Media Research , was watched by 4.58 million viewers . The episode received a mostly positive critical response , with the episode 's flashback sequences , and the performance of MacLachlan , praised , but an issue of ` over-crowding ' of storylines was frequently brought up by critics .

neg: Spider-Man (1978 film) Spider-Man , also known as Supaidāman or Spider-Man : The Movie is a 1978 film based on the Marvel Comics character Spider-Man and also a spin-off from the Japanese Spider-Man television series . The film was released theatrically in Japan .


query: Jesus is also called Jesus Christ.

pos: Jesus Jesus ( -LSB- ˈdʒiːzəs -RSB- ; c. 4 BC -- c. AD 30/33 ) , also referred to as Jesus of Nazareth or Jesus Christ , was a Jewish preacher and religious leader who became the central figure of Christianity . Christians believe him to be the Son of God and the awaited Messiah ( Christ ) prophesied in the Old Testament .   Virtually all modern scholars of antiquity agree that Jesus existed historically , although the quest for the historical Jesus has produced little agreement on the historical reliability of the Gospels and on how closely the biblical Jesus reflects the historical Jesus . Jesus was a Galilean Jew who was baptized by John the Baptist and subsequently began his own ministry , preaching his message orally and often being referred to as `` rabbi '' . He was arrested and tried by the Jewish authorities , and was crucified by the order of Pontius Pilate , the Roman prefect . Jesus debated fellow Jews on how to best follow God , performed healings , taught in parables and gathered followers . After his death , his followers believed he rose from the dead , and the community they formed eventually became the Christian Church .   His birth is celebrated annually on December 25 ( or various dates in January for some eastern churches ) as a holiday known as Christmas , his crucifixion is honored on Good Friday , and his resurrection is celebrated on Easter . The widely used calendar era `` AD '' , from the Latin anno Domini ( `` in the year of the Lord '' ) , and the alternative `` CE '' , are based on the approximate birth date of Jesus .   Christian doctrines include the beliefs that Jesus was conceived by the Holy Spirit , was born of a virgin named Mary , performed miracles , founded the Church , died by crucifixion as a sacrifice to achieve atonement , rose from the dead , and ascended into Heaven , whence he will return . Most Christians believe Jesus enables humans to be reconciled to God . The Nicene Creed asserts that Jesus will judge the living and the dead either before or after their bodily resurrection , an event tied to the Second Coming of Jesus in Christian eschatology . The great majority of Christians worship Jesus as the incarnation of God the Son , the second of three persons of a Divine Trinity . A minority of Christian denominations reject Trinitarianism , wholly or partly , as non-scriptural .   In Islam , Jesus ( commonly transliterated as ) is considered one of God 's important prophets and the Messiah . Muslims believe Jesus was a bringer of scripture and was born of a virgin but was not the Son of God . The Quran states that Jesus himself never claimed divinity . To most Muslims , Jesus was not crucified but was physically raised into Heaven by God .   Judaism rejects the belief that Jesus was the awaited Messiah , arguing that he did not fulfill Messianic prophecies and asserting that his resurrection is a Christian legend .

pos: Christmas Christmas or Christmas Day '' ' ( Crīstesmæsse , meaning `` Christ 's Mass '' ) is an annual festival commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ , observed most commonly on December 25 as a religious and cultural celebration among billions of people around the world . A feast central to the Christian liturgical year , it is prepared for by the season of Advent or the Nativity Fast and initiates the season of Christmastide , which historically in the West lasts twelve days and culminates on Twelfth Night ; in some traditions , Christmastide includes an Octave . The traditional Christmas narrative , the Nativity of Jesus , delineated in the New Testament says that Jesus was born in Bethlehem , in accordance with messianic prophecies ; when Joseph and Mary arrived in the city , the inn had no room and so they were offered a stable where the Christ Child was soon born , with angels proclaiming this news to shepherds who then disseminated the message furthermore . Christmas Day is a public holiday in many of the world 's nations , is celebrated religiously by the vast majority of Christians , as well as culturally by a number of non-Christian people , and is an integral part of the holiday season , while some Christian groups reject the celebration . In several countries , celebrating Christmas Eve on December 24 has the main focus rather than December 25 , with gift-giving and sharing a traditional meal with the family .   Although the month and date of Jesus ' birth are unknown , by the early-to-mid fourth century the Western Christian Church had placed Christmas on December 25 , a date that was later adopted in the East . Today , most Christians celebrate on December 25 in the Gregorian calendar , which has been adopted almost universally in the civil calendars used in countries throughout the world . However , some Eastern Christian Churches celebrate Christmas on December 25 of the older Julian calendar , which currently corresponds to January 7 in the Gregorian calendar , the day after the Western Christian Church celebrates the Epiphany . This is not a disagreement over the date of Christmas as such , but rather a preference of which calendar should be used to determine the day that is December 25 . In the Council of Tours of 567 , the Church , with its desire to be universal , `` declared the twelve days between Christmas and Epiphany to be one unified festal cycle '' , thus giving significance to both the Western and Eastern dates of Christmas . Moreover , for Christians , the belief that God came into the world in the form of man to atone for the sins of humanity , rather than the exact birth date , is considered to be the primary purpose in celebrating Christmas .   Although it is not known why December 25 became a date of celebration , there are several factors that may have influenced the choice . December 25 was the date the Romans marked as the winter solstice , the shortest , and therefore darkest day of the year . Jesus was identified with the Sun based on an Old Testament verse . The date is exactly nine months following Annunciation , when the conception of Jesus is celebrated . Finally , the Romans had a series of pagan festivals near the end of the year , so Christmas may have been scheduled at this time to appropriate , or compete with , one or more of these festivals . Other scholars disagree with this claim and state that the Roman Emperor Aurelian placed a pagan celebration on December 25 in order to compete with the growing rate of the Christian Church , which had already been celebrating Christmas on that date .   The celebratory customs associated in various countries with Christmas have a mix of pre-Christian , Christian , and secular themes and origins . Popular modern customs of the holiday include gift giving , completing an Advent calendar or Advent wreath , Christmas music and caroling , lighting a Christingle , viewing a Nativity play , an exchange of Christmas cards , church services , a special meal , and the display of various Christmas decorations , including Christmas trees , Christmas lights , nativity scenes , garlands , wreaths , mistletoe , and holly . In addition , several closely related and often interchangeable figures , known as Santa Claus , Father Christmas , Saint Nicholas , and Christkind , are associated with bringing gifts to children during the Christmas season and have their own body of traditions and lore . Because gift-giving and many other aspects of the Christmas festival involve heightened economic activity , the holiday has become a significant event and a key sales period for retailers and businesses . The economic impact of Christmas has grown steadily over the past few centuries in many regions of the world .

pos: Christian A Christian ( -LSB- pronaudio = En-us-Christian . oggˈkɹɪʃtʃən -RSB- or -LSB- ˈkɹɪstjən -RSB- ) is a person who follows or adheres to Christianity , an Abrahamic , monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ . `` Christian '' derives from the Koine Greek word Christós , a translation of the Biblical Hebrew term mashiach .   While there are diverse interpretations of Christianity which sometimes conflict , they are united in believing that Jesus has a unique significance . The term `` Christian '' is also used as an adjective to describe anything associated with Christianity , or in a proverbial sense `` all that is noble , and good , and Christ-like . ''   According to a 2011 Pew Research Center survey , there were 2.2 billion Christians around the world in 2010 , up from about 600 million in 1910 . By 2050 , the Christian population is expected to exceed 3 billion . According to a 2012 Pew Research Center survey Christianity will remain the world 's largest religion in 2050 , if current trends continue .   Today , about 37 % of all Christians live in the Americas , about 26 % live in Europe , 24 % live in sub-Saharan Africa , about 13 % live in Asia and the Pacific , and 1 % live in the Middle east and North Africa . About half of all Christians worldwide are Catholic , while more than a third are Protestant ( 37 % ) . Orthodox communions comprise 12 % of the world 's Christians . Other Christian groups make up the remainder . Christians make up the majority of the population in 158 countries and territories . 280 million Christian live as a minority .   Christians have significantly influenced and contributed to human progress in many fields , including philosophy , ethics , literature , business and economics , fine arts and architecture , music , theatre and medicine , as well as science and technology , both historically and in modern times .

pos: Incarnation (Christianity) In Christian theology , the doctrine of the Incarnation holds that Jesus , the preexistent divine Logos ( Koine Greek for `` Word '' ) and the second hypostasis of the Trinity , God the Son and Son of the Father , taking on a human body and human nature , `` was made flesh '' and conceived in the womb of Mary the Theotokos ( Greek for `` God-bearer '' ; ) . The doctrine of the Incarnation , then , entails that Jesus Christ is fully God and fully human , his two natures joined in hypostatic union .   In the Incarnation , as traditionally defined by those Churches that adhere to the Council of Chalcedon , the divine nature of the Son was united but not mixed with human nature in one divine Person , Jesus Christ , who was both `` truly God and truly man '' . This is central to the traditional faith held by most Christians . Alternative views on the subject ( See Ebionites and the Gospel of the Hebrews ) have been proposed throughout the centuries ( see below ) , but all were rejected by mainstream Christian bodies . An alternative doctrine known as `` Oneness '' has been espoused among various Pentecostal groups ( see below ) .   The Incarnation is commemorated and celebrated each year at Christmas , and also reference can be made to the Feast of the Annunciation ; `` different aspects of the mystery of the Incarnation '' are celebrated at Christmas and the Annunciation .

pos: Common Era Common Era or Current Era ( CE ) is a year-numbering system ( calendar era ) for the Julian and Gregorian calendars that refers to the years since the start of this era , i.e. , since AD 1 . The preceding era is referred to as before the Common or Current Era ( BCE ) . The Current Era notation system can be used as a secular alternative to the Dionysian era system , which distinguishes eras as AD ( anno Domini , '' -LSB- the -RSB- year of -LSB- the -RSB- Lord '' ) and BC ( `` before Christ '' ) . The two notation systems are numerically equivalent ; thus '' CE '' corresponds to `` AD '' and `` 400 BCE '' corresponds to `` 400 BC '' . The year-numbering system for the Gregorian calendar is the most widespread civil calendar system used in the world today . For decades , it has been the global standard , recognized by international institutions such as the United Nations and the Universal Postal Union .   The expression has been traced back to Latin usage to 1615 , as vulgaris aerae , and to 1635 in English as `` Vulgar Era '' . The term `` Common Era '' can be found in English as early as 1708 , and became more widely used in the mid-19th century by Jewish academics . In the later 20th century , the use of CE and BCE was popularized in academic and scientific publications , and more generally by authors and publishers wishing to emphasize secularism or sensitivity to non-Christians , by not explicitly referencing Jesus as `` Christ '' and Dominus ( `` Lord '' ) , shortened from anno Domini nostri Jesu Christi ( `` in the year of Our Lord Jesus Christ '' ) .

pos: Christ (title) In Christianity , the Christ ( Greek word Χριστός ( Christos ) meaning `` the anointed one '' ) is a title for the saviour and redeemer who would bring salvation to the Jewish people and mankind . Christians believe that Jesus is the Jewish messiah called Christ in both the Hebrew Bible and the Christian Old Testament . Christ , used by Christians as both a name and a title , is synonymous with Jesus .   The role of the Christ in Christianity originated from the concept of the messiah in Judaism . Though the conceptions of the messiah in each religion are similar , for the most part they are distinct from one another due to the split of early Christianity and Judaism in the 1st century .   Though the original followers of Jesus believed Jesus to be the Jewish messiah , e.g. in the Confession of Peter , before the crucifixion and resurrection , Jesus was usually referred to as `` Jesus of Nazareth '' or `` Jesus , son of Joseph '' . Jesus came to be called `` Jesus Christ '' ( meaning `` Jesus the Khristós '' , i.e. `` Jesus the Messiah '' or `` Jesus the Anointed '' ) by his followers after his crucifixion and resurrection . Christians believe that the messianic prophecies were fulfilled in his mission , death , and resurrection . The Pauline epistles , the earliest texts of the New Testament , often refer to Jesus as `` Christ Jesus '' or `` Christ '' . The word Christ was originally a title , but later became part of the name `` Jesus Christ '' . It is , however , still also used as a title , in the reciprocal use `` Christ Jesus '' , meaning `` the Messiah Jesus '' , and independently as `` the Christ '' .   The followers of Jesus became known as Christians ( as in Acts ) because they believed Jesus to be the Khristós or Mashiach prophesied in the Hebrew Bible . Jesus was not , and is not , accepted in Judaism as a Jewish messiah , and the concept of a divine messiah was always rejected by Judaism as idolatry . Religious Jews still await their messiah 's first coming and the Messianic prophecies of Jewish tradition to be accomplished . Religious Christians believe in the Second Coming of Christ , and they await the rest of Christian messianic prophecies to be fulfilled . One of those prophecies , distinctive in both the Jewish and Christian concept of the messiah , is that a Jewish king from the Davidic line , who will be `` anointed '' with holy anointing oil , will be king of God 's kingdom on earth , and rule the Jewish people and mankind during the Messianic Age and World to come . Muslims accept Jesus as al-Masih , the messiah in Islam , but do n't believe that the messiah is divine or the Son of God , but do believe he will come again .   The area of Christian theology called Christology is primarily concerned with the nature and person of Jesus Christ as recorded in the canonical gospels and the letters of the New Testament .

neg: Jewish Christian Jewish Christians , also Hebrew Christians or Judeo-Christians , were the original members of the Jewish movement that later became Christianity . In the earliest stage the community was made up of all those Jews who accepted Jesus as a venerable person or the Messiah ( Christ ) . As Christianity grew and developed , Jewish Christians became only one strand of the early Christian community , characterised by combining the confession of Jesus as Christ with continued adherence to Jewish traditions such as Sabbath observance , observance of the Jewish calendar , observance of Jewish laws and customs , circumcision , and synagogue attendance , and by a direct genetic relationship to the earliest Jewish Christians .   The term `` Jewish Christian '' appears in historical texts contrasting Christians of Jewish origin with Gentile Christians , both in discussion of the New Testament church and the second and following centuries . It is also a term used for Jews who converted to Christianity but kept their Jewish heritage and traditions .   1st century `` Jewish Christians '' were totally faithful religious Jews . They differed from other contemporary Jews only in their acceptance of Jesus as the Messiah . Those that taught that Gentile converts to Christianity ought to adopt more Jewish practices than the Church had already included , however , were called `` Judaizers '' . Though the Apostle Peter was initially sympathetic , the Apostle Paul opposed the teaching at the Incident at Antioch and at the Council of Jerusalem , where Paul 's teaching was accepted by the whole Church . Nevertheless , Judaizing continued for several centuries , particularly among Jewish Christians .   As Christianity grew throughout the Gentile world , Christians diverged from their Jewish and Jerusalem roots . Jewish Christianity , initially strengthened despite persecution by Jerusalem Temple officials , fell into decline during the Jewish-Roman wars ( 66-135 ) and the growing anti-Judaism perhaps best personified by Marcion ( c. 150 ) . With persecution by the orthodox Christians from the time of the Roman Emperor Constantine in the 4th century , Jewish Christians sought refuge outside the boundaries of the Empire , in Arabia and further afield . Within the Empire and later elsewhere it was dominated by the Gentile based Christianity which became the State church of the Roman Empire and which took control of sites in the Holy Land such as the Church of the Holy Sepulchre and the Cenacle and appointed subsequent Bishops of Jerusalem .

neg: Pseudepigrapha Pseudepigrapha ( also anglicized as `` pseudepigraph '' or `` pseudepigraphs '' ) are falsely-attributed works , texts whose claimed author is not the true author , or a work whose real author attributed it to a figure of the past . Pseudepigraphy covers the false ascription of names of authors to works , even to authentic works that make no such claim within their text . Thus a widely accepted but incorrect attribution of authorship may make a completely authentic text pseudepigraphical . Assessing the actual writer of a text locates questions of pseudepigraphical attribution within the discipline of literary criticism .   In biblical studies , the term pseudepigrapha typically refers to an assorted collection of Jewish religious works thought to be written c 300 BC to 300 AD . They are distinguished by Protestants from the Deuterocanonical books ( Catholic and Orthodox ) or Apocrypha ( Protestant ) , the books that appear in extant copies of the Septuagint from the fourth century on , and the Vulgate but not in the Hebrew Bible or in Protestant Bibles . The Catholic Church distinguishes only between the deuterocanonical and all the other books , that are called biblical apocrypha , a name that is also used for the pseudepigrapha in the Catholic usage . In addition , two books considered canonical in the Orthodox Tewahedo churches , viz . Book of Enoch and Book of Jubilees , are categorized as pseudepigrapha from the point of view of Chalcedonian Christianity .

neg: The Day of the Lord This is about the eschatological term ; see Lord 's Day for the Christian term for `` Sunday '' .   `` The Day of the Lord '' is a biblical term and theme used in both the Hebrew Bible ( Old Testament ; -LSB- יֹום YHWH , יְהוָה -RSB- ) and the New Testament ( -LSB- ἡμέρα Lord #Religion , κυρίου -RSB- ) , as in `` The sun shall be turned into darkness , and the moon into blood , before the great and the terrible day of the come '' ( Joel 2:31 , cited in Acts 2:20 ) .   In the Hebrew bible , the meaning of the phrases refers to temporal events such as the invasion of a foreign army , the capture of a city and the suffering that befalls the inhabitants . This appears much in the second chapter of Isaiah .   In the New Testament , the `` day of the Lord '' may also refer to the writer 's own times , or it may refer to predicted events in a later age of earth 's history including the final judgment and the World to Come .  The expression may also have an extended meaning in referring to both the first and second comings of Jesus Christ .

neg: Works of mercy Works of mercy ( sometimes known as acts of mercy ) are practices which Christians perform .   The practice is popular in the Catholic Church as an act of both penance and charity . In addition , the Methodist church teaches that the works of mercy are a means of grace which lead to holiness and aid in sanctification .   The works of mercy have been traditionally divided into two categories , each with seven elements :  `` Corporal works of mercy '' which concern the material needs of others .  `` Spiritual works of mercy '' which concern the spiritual needs of others .   Pope John Paul II issued a papal encyclical `` Dives in misericordia '' on 30 November 1980 declaring that `` Jesus Christ taught that man not only receives and experiences the mercy of God , but that he is also called `` to practice mercy '' towards others . Another notable devotion associated with the works of mercy is the Divine Mercy , which are reputed to be apparitions of Jesus Christ to Saint Faustina Kowalska .

neg: Imitation of Christ In Christian theology , the Imitation of Christ is the practice of following the example of Jesus . In Eastern Christianity the term Life in Christ is sometimes used for the same concept .   The ideal of the Imitation of Christ has been an important element of both Christian ethics and spirituality . References to this concept and its practice are found in the earliest Christian documents , e.g. the Pauline Epistles .   Saint Augustine viewed the imitation of Christ as the fundamental purpose of Christian life , and as a remedy for the imitation of the sins of Adam . Saint Francis of Assisi believed in the physical as well as the spiritual imitation of Christ , and advocated a path of poverty and preaching like Jesus who was poor at birth in the manger and died naked on the cross . Thomas à Kempis , on the other hand , presented a path to The Imitation of Christ based on a focus on the interior life and withdrawal from the world .   The theme of imitation of Christ existed in all phases of Byzantine theology , and in the 14th century book Life in Christ Nicholas Cabasilas viewed `` living one 's own personal life '' in Christ as the fundamental Christian virtue .

neg: Servant of God Servant of God ( Servus Dei ) is a term used for individuals by various religions , and in general it is a person believed to be pious in his or her faith tradition . In the Catholic Church , it designates an individual who is being investigated by the Church for possible canonization as a saint . In the Eastern Orthodox Church , this term is used to refer to any Eastern Orthodox Christian .   The Arabic name Abdullah ( عبد الله , ` Abd Allah `` servant of god '' ) ; the Hebrew name Obadiah ; the German name Gottschalk and the Sanskrit name Devdas mean `` servant of God '' .

neg: Members Church of God International Members Church of God International , abbreviated as MCGI , is an international Christian religious organization with headquarters in the Philippines . It started as a small group with less than a hundred believers in 1977 . It is popularly known in the Philippines as Ang Dating Daan ( English : The Old Path ; abbreviated as ADD ) , the title of its flagship radio and television program and currently the longest-running religious program in the Philippines with Brother Eliseo Soriano as its `` Overall Servant '' ( Former title : `` Presiding Minister '' ) .   Members Church of God International believes that the Almighty God , the Father sent his begotten Son , Jesus Christ , instrumental in the establishment of the `` Church of God '' , first planted in Jerusalem and preached by the apostles . They believe that Gentile nations , including the Philippines , are partakers of the promise of eternal life , through belief in Jesus Christ and the gospel and are not authorized by God to establish their own church , but mere members associated with the same `` body '' or the church written in the gospel by accepting it and executing the doctrines written by the apostles . Guided by this scriptural principle , the church 's registered name contains descriptive words `` ang mga kaanib '' in Tagalog or `` members '' in English to emphasize the group 's association today , as `` members '' of the `` Church of God '' that is already established long time ago and was written in the Bible .   On April 25 , 1980 , in compliance with government regulations , Eliseo Soriano registered the group with the Securities and Exchange Commission ( SEC ) as Ang Mga Kaanib sa Iglesia ng Dios Kay Kristo Hesus , Haligi at Saligan ng Katotohan , sa Bansang Pilipinas ( English : Members of the Church of God in Christ Jesus , Pillar and Ground of Truth in the Philippines ) . In 2004 , its registered name was changed to `` Members Church of God International '' ( Tagalog : Mga Kaanib sa Iglesia ng Dios na Pandaigdig ) in line with the church 's overseas expansion .   For them , the church 's primary objective , as commanded by Jesus Christ , is to propagate the gospel unto all nations until the consummation of the ages , convert sinners to believe and glorify God and to make them qualify for the eternal life in heaven . Currently , MCGI is present in six inhabited continents of the world with more than 1,360 established local congregations . Its flagship program Ang Dating Daan is being broadcast in more than 70 countries , in five languages over terrestrial television , radio , internet and carried by at least seven satellites across the globe .   They believe in God the Father , Jesus Christ the Son , and the Holy Spirit but they adopt a nontrinitarianism orientation , rejecting the Trinitarian concept that there is `` one God in three co-equal persons '' , which for them is against the Bible . They believe that the Father is greater than all , greater than Jesus Christ as declared by Christ himself . They do not observe customs and traditions which they consider to have pagan origins incompatible with Christianity . MCGI members prefer themselves to be called and identified as plain `` Christians '' .   MCGI is not related to the many Church of God groups that descended from the Barney Creek Meeting House revival of the late 19th century in the United States .

neg: Roman Catholic devotions to Jesus Christ The Roman Catholic tradition includes a number of devotions to Jesus Christ . Like all Catholic devotions , these prayer forms are not part of the official public liturgy of the Church but are based on the popular spiritual practices of Roman Catholics . Many are officially approved by the Holy See as suitable for spiritual growth but not necessary for salvation .   Some devotions arise from private revelations , or personal religious experiences of saints . The Church has a tradition of thorough investigation of such private revelations and the lives of candidates for sainthood to assure that no natural or scientific explanation can , at the time of investigation , account for any miracles involved . Often an approved devotion of the Church relates to a particular prayer form , or an image .

neg: Persecution of Christians in the New Testament The persecution of Christians in the New Testament is an important part of the Early Christian narrative which depicts the early Church as being persecuted for their heterodox beliefs by a Jewish establishment in what was then Roman occupied Iudaea province .   The New Testament , especially the Gospel of John ( c. 90 -- 100 AD ) , has traditionally been interpreted as relating Christian accounts of the Pharisee rejection of Jesus and accusations of the Pharisee responsibility for his crucifixion . The Acts of the Apostles depicts instances of early Christian persecution by the Sanhedrin , the Jewish religious court at the time . However , the historical reliability of the Acts of the Apostles is disputed .   Walter Laqueur argues that hostility between Christians and Jews grew over the generations . By the 4th century , John Chrysostom was arguing that the Pharisees alone , not the Romans , were responsible for the murder of Christ . However , according to Laqueur : `` Absolving Pilate from guilt may have been connected with the missionary activities of early Christianity in Rome and the desire not to antagonize those they want to convert . ''

neg: Matthew 2:4 Matthew 2:4 is the fourth verse of the second chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament . The magi have informed King Herod that they had seen portents showing the birth of the King of the Jews . In this verse he calls together leading figures of Jerusalem to find out where Jesus was to be born .   In the King James Version of the Bible the text reads :  And when he had gathered all the chief priests and scribes of the  people together , he demanded of them where Christ should be born .   The World English Bible translates the passage as :  Gathering together all the chief priests and scribes of  the people , he asked them where the Christ would be born .   Most scholars take the reference to `` all the chief priests and scribes '' as referring to the Sanhedrin , the council of leading religious figures that played an important role in governing . Some have argued that the phrase `` all the chief priests '' is incorrect as there was only one chief priest at the time . Brown notes that this phrase occurs in other contemporary documents and refers to the leading priests and also the former chief priests .   A more important difficulty with this passage is its historical implausibility . Records from that period show that Herod and the Sanhedrin were sharply divided and their relations acrimonious . Schweizer states that Herod calling and consulting with the council is `` historically almost inconceivable . '' Schweizer believes that the introduction of the Jewish leaders is simply a device so that there will be someone to quote the Old Testament passage that appears in Matthew 2:6 . As with the wording of the previous verse many scholars also see this linking of the Jewish leaders and Herod as an example of Christian anti-Semitism . Gundry agrees that the verse is politically motivated and a deliberate foreshadowing of the persecution of Jesus and his church by the leaders of Jerusalem . He notes that at the time the priest were largely Sadducees while the scribes were mostly Pharisees . Thus the specific mentioning of the two groups might be a deliberate attempt to tar both leading Jewish factions .   Also notable about this verse is that King Herod , who has only heard that the King of the Jews had been born , asks about the Christ , or the messiah .   That the magi , who first noted the star , do not know and are not even asked about where the messiah might be born is a sign that they are ignorant of Jewish scripture . This is evidence to Brown that they are Gentiles , which is also supported by verse 12 's suggestion that they were foreigners : `` And being warned of God in a dream that they should not return to Herod , they departed into their own country another way . '' John Chrysostom believed that they were from Persia .

neg: General judgment General judgment is the Christian theological concept of a judgment of the dead by nation and as a whole . It is related closely to Judgment Day and often is just another phrase for the Last Judgment or Final Judgement , but is not necessarily part of any eschatology . It is generally contrasted with a particular judgment right after death .   The position is hinted at in several places in the Old Testament and in the New , and the Catholic Encyclopedia says ( here referring to the Last Judgment ) `` Few truths are more often or more clearly proclaimed in Scripture than that of the general judgment '' . When the individual dies , general judgment holds that the person 's final dispensation will await the general judgment of the dead at the end of the world , rather than be judged immediately . Additionally , `` general judgment '' may refer not only to the judging of each person , but also to the judgment of nations and peoples .   The concept of Last Judgment is similar but unique . Various Last Judgment scenarios represent different forms of a general judgment , such as a global last judgment or a national last judgment . It is more concerned with the depictions and descriptions of particular versions .   Jesus provided examples and illustrations of judgments against cities and generations . Jesus warned his contemporaries that the men of Nineveh , who repented at the preaching of Jonah , and the Queen of the South would testify against them in the judgment . In the context of dispatching emissaries , Jesus asked them to shake off the dust of cities that would not receive them . In the same speech , Jesus declared woes upon the cities of Chorazin and Bethsaida declaring that the cities of Sodom , Tyre , and Sidon would have a more tolerable outcome in the judgement .

neg: Johannine Christianity Johannine Christianity refers to an ancient Christian community of uncertain existence , which placed great emphasis on the teachings of Jesus , particularly as revealed through the Gospel of John .   Starting as a community of early followers of Jesus who `` defined themselves rather starkly against the Jewish milieu in which they arose , these believers cultivated an intense devotion to Jesus as the definitive revelation of God 's salvific will . They understood themselves to be in intimate contact with him and with one another , under the guidance of the Spirit-Paraclete . They were conscious of their relationship to other believers with whom they hoped to be in eventual union . Their piety found distinctive expression in a reflective literary corpus that explored new ways of expressing faith in Jesus . '' ( Attridge 2006 )   `` Their common life included ritual actions known to other followers of Jesus , but they insisted on the unique spiritual value of those rites . Disputes eventually divided the community . By the middle of the second century some representatives of the Johannine tradition achieved a respected role in the emerging ` great church ' , the interconnected web of believers throughout the Mediterranean that provided mutual support and maintained fellowship under the leadership of emerging episcopal authorities . The Johannine community of the first century bequeathed to the universal church its distinctive literary corpus and estimation of Jesus , which came to dominate the development of later Christian orthodoxy . Other representatives of Johannine Christianity , nurturing alternative strands of tradition , influenced various second-century movements , characterized by their opponents and much modern scholarship as ` Gnostic ' . '' ( Attridge 2006 )

neg: Great Gospel of John The Great Gospel of John ( in the original German published as Das große Evangelium Johannis or Großes Evangelium Johannes ) is a neo-revelationist text by Jakob Lorber , extending to about 5,500 pages in print , published in ten volumes . It is the major work of Lorber 's `` New Revelation '' based on interior locution . It was written in Austria , in the town Graz , from August 1851 until July 1864 .   Leopold Engel in 1891 wrote an addendum in an `` 11th volume '' , purportedly also based on interior locution . Supporters of the authenticity of Lorber 's revelation are divided as to the authenticity of Engel 's .   The Great Gospel is a detailed first-person narrative of Jesus ' last three years of ministry on Earth . It is a day by day account of his miracles , healings , and conversations . It is built on the same structure of the original Gospel of John . Love and works of love are emphasised .   Whereas some of the chapters in the biblical book of John are not covered at all , other sections are added and in much detail . Pharisees are for example revealed to be extremely dangerous , continually plotting against Jesus even though he often forgave them ; at one point , a Pharisaical plot to steal from the Romans is revealed , and at their trial Jesus , whose reputation for keen wisdom is known to the Romans by this time , is consulted . The Roman centurion is willing to execute the Pharisees because of their attempt to bribe him , yet Jesus says to let them go , after dividing their plunder : one third to Rome , one-third to the centurion 's local needs , and one-third to the poor people of the nearby communities , some of whose children had been kidnapped by the Pharisees , to be sold as slaves .

neg: Matthew 7:29 Matthew 7:29 is the twenty-ninth , and final , verse of the seventh chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament . It ends a two verse conclusion following the Sermon on the Mount .   In the Westcott-Hort edition of the original Greek , this verse reads :  ην γαρ διδασκων αυτους ως εξουσιαν  εχων και ουχ ως οι γραμματεις αυτων   In the King James Version of the Bible , the text reads :  For he taught them as one having  authority , and not as the scribes .   The English Standard Version translates the passage as :  for he was teaching them as one who  had authority , and not as their scribes .   In the previous verse , the crowd of onlookers were described as astonished at Jesus ' sayings ( τους λογους τουτους , tous logous toutous ) which complete Matthew 's narrative known as the `` Sermon on the Mount '' , and this verse explains why . The final phrase is a verbatim copy of , set in a very different context . Mark 's Gospel simply asserts Jesus ' authority ; Matthew uses it as a concluding argument after presenting the Sermon on the Mount as evidence .   In some translations this verse refers to their scribes . Ulrich Luz suggests that this is a clear indicator that Jesus ' followers saw themselves as separate from the mainstream Jewish community at the time this gospel was written . Scribes refers to the trained rabbis who would quote scribal authorities , and makes clear that Jesus is greater than the most important rabbi . A sermon by the rabbis would have been replete with references to scripture to validate each teaching . The contrast presented by Matthew is that Jesus speaks based on his own authority , not that of past figures .   A few authorities add '' ... and the Pharisees '' ( e.g. Wycliffe 's Bible , the Vulgate Latin , the Syriac , the Persic versions , and the Hebrew edition of Matthew by Munster ) . The Pulpit Commentary suggests that this `` may either be derived from or be an independent gloss due to the fact that the Pharisees were looked upon as the typical Jewish teachers '' .

neg: Saint Joseph's dreams Saint Joseph 's dreams are four dreams described in the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament in which Joseph , the legal father of Jesus , is visited by an angel of the Lord and receives specific instructions and warnings of impending danger . All four dreams come from the period around the Nativity of Jesus and his early life , from betwwen Mary 's pregnancy and the return from the Flight to Egypt . They are often distinguished by numbers as `` Joseph 's first dream '' and so on .   The dreams have been fairly frequently depicted in art , though they have never been among the most common subjects from the Life of Jesus in art or the Life of the Virgin . The second dream is most often depicted , and if there is no other indication it can be assumed that is the subject .

neg: Synagogue Church Synagogue Church is a small Christian church in the heart of Nazareth known by this name because above its doorway is an embedded sign : `` the synagogue '' . The structure is currently controlled by the Melkite Greek Catholic Church . Its floor is sunken about 1.5 meters underground , possibly built atop a Crusader church dating from the 12th century . The church was under the control of the Franciscans until the 18th century , when the ruler Zahir al-Umar passed it to the Greek Catholics .  According to Christian tradition , the church is built on the ruins of the ancient Nazareth synagogue where Jesus studied and prayed . In addition , it is where one Sabbath day Jesus went to preach . In two Gospels ( Matthew 13:54 -58 , Mark 6:1 -6 ) , his fellow townspeople got angry with him . Because he was one of them , they did n't trust him to have the authority to preach in that way and to perform miracles . He was amazed at their lack of faith and concluded that a prophet is not honoured in his own home town . In Luke 4:14 -30 , the story differs a bit : There he reads from Isaiah 61:1,2 and the worshippers are pleased . But he tells them that prophets are called to do their work in foreign places rather than at home , because they are not accepted in their own home town . In doing this , he also implicitly declares himself as the Messiah . This sermon infuriates the listeners , who drag him to a cliff to throw him over , but he simply walks through the crowd and leaves .   Little is known of the years Jesus spent in Nazareth , leading scholars to describe this time as `` the hidden life '' or `` the silent years '' . It is thus all the more significant for Christian visitors to find a lone place where such silence is broken -- the Synagogue Church . In 570 , an Italian visitor described the synagogue , and reported that the original Bible was still there , including the bench where Jesus used to sit .

neg: Apostolic Age The Apostolic Age of the history of Christianity is traditionally regarded as the period of the Twelve Apostles , dating from the Great Commission of the Apostles by the risen Jesus in Jerusalem around 33 AD until the death of the last Apostle , believed to be John the Apostle in Anatolia c. 100 . Traditionally , the Apostles are believed to have dispersed from Jerusalem , founding the Apostolic Sees . It holds special significance in Christian tradition as the age of the direct apostles of Jesus Christ . One major primary source for the `` Apostolic Age '' is the Acts of the Apostles , but its historical accuracy is questioned by some and its coverage is partial , focusing especially from onwards on the ministry of Paul ( an apostle to the Gentiles , but not one of the original twelve apostles - Rom . 1:1 ; 11:13 ) and his companions , and ending around 62 AD with Paul preaching in Rome under house arrest .   According to most scholars , the followers of Jesus were composed principally from apocalyptic Jewish sects during the late Second Temple period of the 1st century . Some Early Christian groups were strictly Jewish , such as the Ebionites and the early-church leaders in Jerusalem , collectively called Jewish Christians . During this period , they were led by James the Just . According to , they described themselves as ` disciples of the Lord ' and -LSB- followers -RSB- ` of the Way ' , and according to a settled community of disciples at Antioch were the first to be called ` Christians ' .   Saul of Tarsus , commonly known as Paul the Apostle , persecuted the early Jewish Christians , such as Saint Stephen , then converted and adopted the title of `` Apostle to the Gentiles '' and started proselytizing among the Gentiles . He persuaded the leaders of the Jerusalem Church to allow Gentile converts exemption from most Jewish commandments at the Council of Jerusalem .   According to the Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church , Paul 's influence on Christian thinking is more significant than any other New Testament author , however the relationship of Paul the Apostle and Judaism is still disputed today ( see the link for details ) . After the Destruction of the Second Temple in AD 70 during the First Jewish-Roman War , or at the latest following the Bar Kokhba revolt of 132 , Jerusalem ceased to be the center of the Christian church , its bishops became `` suffragans '' ( subordinates ) of the Metropolitan bishop of Caesarea . In the 2nd century , Christianity established itself as a predominantly Gentile religion that spanned the Roman Empire and beyond .

neg: James, brother of Jesus James ( Hebrew : יעקב Ya'akov ; Greek Ἰάκωβος Iákōbos , can also be Anglicized as Jacob ) , who died in martyrdom in 62 or 69 AD , was an important figure of the Apostolic Age . Other epithets used to refer to James include James the Just , or a variation of James , brother of the Lord . Roman Catholic tradition generally holds that this James is to be identified with James , son of Alphaeus , and James the Less . It is agreed by most that he should not be confused with James , son of Zebedee .   Catholics and Orthodox , as well as some Anglicans and Lutherans , believe in the perpetual virginity of Mary ; they teach that James , along with others named in the New Testament as `` brothers '' of Jesus , were not the biological children of Mary , but were possibly cousins of Jesus or step-brothers from a previous marriage of Joseph .

neg: Man of God Man of God is a biblical title of respect applied to prophets and beloved religious leaders . The term appears 78 times in 72 verses of the Bible , in application to up to 13 individuals :   Moses ( Deut . 33:1 ; Josh . 14:6 ; Ps . 90:1 ; Ezra 3:2 ; 1 Chron . 23:14 ; 2 Chron . 30:16 ) Moses is the only person called `` man of God '' in the Torah .  The angel of the Lord who appeared to Samson 's mother ( Judges 13:6 , 8 ) whom she may have taken to be a prophet ( Leviticus Rabbah 1:1 )  The man who chastised the Priest Eli ( 1 Sam . 2:27 ) whom Sifre identifies as Samuel 's father Elkanah ( Sifre to Deut . 342:4 )  Samuel ( 1 Sam . 9:6 , 7 , 8 , 10 )  David ( Neh . 12:24 , 36 ; 2 Chron . 8:14 )  Shemaiah ( 1 Kings 12:22 ; 2 Chron . 11:2 )  The man from Judah who cried out against King Jeroboam of Israel ( 1 Kings 13:1 ( twice ) , 4 , 5 , 6 ( twice ) , 7 , 8 , 11 , 12 , 14 ( twice ) , 21 , 26 , 29 , 31 ; 2 Kings 23:16 , 17 ) whom some rabbis identify as Iddo ( Sifre to Deut . 342:4 ; Pesikta de-Rav Kahana 2:85 ; Zohar 2:64 a )  Elijah ( 1 Kings 17:18 , 24 ; 2 Kings 1:9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 )  The man who told King Ahab of Israel that Israel could defeat the Arameans ( 1 Kings 20:28 ) whom Sifre identifies as Micah ( Sifre to Deut . 342:4 ) , but who from context might also be Elijah  Elisha ( 2 Kings 4:7 , 9 , 16 , 21 , 22 , 25 , 27 ( twice ) , 40 , 42 ; 5:8 , 14 , 15 , 20 ; 6:6 , 9 , 10 , 15 ; 7:2 , 17 , 18 , 19 ; 8:2 , 4 , 7 , 8 , 11 , 19 )  Hanan son of Igdaliah ( Jer . 35:4 )  The man who warned King Amaziah of Judah not to go to war ( 2 Chronicles 25:7 , 9 ( twice ) ) , whom some rabbis identify as Amoz ( Sifre to Deut . 342:4 ; Seder Olam Rabbah 20 )  Saint Timothy ( 1 Timothy 6:11 )   Category : Hebrew Bible words and phrases  Category : New Testament words and phrases

neg: Afterfeast An Afterfeast is a period of celebration attached to one of the Great Feasts celebrated by the Orthodox Christian and Eastern Catholic Churches ( somewhat analogous to what in the West would be called an Octave ) .   The celebration of the Great Feasts of the church year are extended for a number of days , depending upon the particular Feast . Each day of an Afterfeast will have particular hymns assigned to it , continuing the theme of the Feast being celebrated . At each of the divine services during an Afterfeast , the ( Gk . ) troparion and ( Gk . ) kontakion of the feast are read or chanted . The ( Gk . ) canon of the feast will usually be chanted on every day of the Afterfeast ( if two canons were chanted on the day of the feast , they will be alternated on the days of the afterfeast ) . Some of the Great Feasts of the Lord will have a special canon composed of only three odes , called a ( Gk . ) Triode , which will be chanted at Compline on each day of the Afterfeast .   Most of these Great Feasts also have a day or more of preparation called a Forefeast ( those Feasts that are on the moveable Paschal Cycle do not have Forefeasts ) . Forefeasts and Afterfeasts will affect the structure of the services during the Canonical Hours .   The last day of an Afterfeast is called the Apodosis ( Gk . `` leave-taking '' , lit . `` giving-back '' ) of the Feast . On the Apodosis , most of the hymns that were chanted on the first day of the Feast are repeated . On the Apodosis of Feasts of the Theotokos , the Epistle and Gospel from the day of the Feast are repeated again at the Divine Liturgy .   The Forefeasts and Afterfeasts break down as follows :   Four of these Afterfeasts have a special commemoration on the day following the Feast , called a ( Gk . ) Synaxis . In this context , a Synaxis commemorates a saint who is intimately bound up with the Feast being celebrated . The four Synaxes are :  Synaxis of Ss . Joachim and Anna ( 9 September -- the day after the Nativity of the Theotokos )  Synaxis of the Theotokos ( 26 December -- the day after the Nativity of our Lord )  Synaxis of the Forerunner ( 7 January -- the day after the Theophany of our Lord )  Synaxis of the Archangel Gabriel ( 26 March -- the day after the Annunciation ) If the Annunciation falls during Holy Week the Synaxis is omitted .   Other Great Feasts that have Afterfeasts ( although no Forefeasts ) are :  The Nativity of the Forerunner ( June 24 )  The Beheading of the Forerunner ( August 29 )  The Feast of the Holy Apostles , ( Gk . ) Peter and Paul ( June 29 ) .  Each of these three has only 1 day of Afterfeast , and no Apodosis . These are not counted among the Twelve Great Feasts ( i.e. , Great Feasts of the Lord or Theotokos ) .   Even though the Patronal Feast of a parish church or monastery is treated as a Great Feast , it has no Forefeast or Afterfeast .   The Feast of the Procession of the Cross ( August 1 ) , though it is not counted as a Great Feast , has one day of Forefeast , and no Afterfeast .