query: Gilmore Girls is a Canadian show.

pos: Gilmore Girls Gilmore Girls is an American comedy-drama television series created by Amy Sherman-Palladino starring Lauren Graham and Alexis Bledel . Sherman-Palladino , her husband Daniel Palladino , David S. Rosenthal , and Gavin Polone served as the executive producers . The series debuted on October 5 , 2000 , on The WB and remained a tent-pole to the network until its move to The CW on September 26 , 2006 . The series originally ran for seven seasons and ended its run on May 15 , 2007 .   The show follows single mother Lorelai Gilmore ( Graham ) and her daughter Rory ( Bledel ) , living in the fictional town of Stars Hollow , Connecticut . The town is filled with colorful characters and is located approximately 30 minutes from Hartford , Connecticut . The series explores issues of family , friendship and romance , as well as generational divides and social class . Ambition , education , work , love , family , and questions of class constitute some of the series ' central concerns . The show 's social commentary manifests most clearly in Lorelai 's difficult relationship with her wealthy , appearance-obsessed parents , Emily and Richard Gilmore , and in Rory 's interactions with the students at the Chilton Academy , and later , Yale University .   Gilmore Girls was released to critical acclaim . It featured fast-paced dialogue filled with pop-culture references . It won one Emmy Award for makeup in 2004 . The show placed 32 on Entertainment Weekly `` New TV Classics '' list , and was listed as one of Time magazine 's `` All-TIME 100 TV Shows '' in 2007 .   In 2016 , the main cast and Sherman-Palladino returned for a four-part miniseries revival titled Gilmore Girls : A Year in the Life , which streamed on Netflix .

neg: CTV Two Alberta CTV Two Alberta is a Canadian English language entertainment , information and educational television channel in the province of Alberta . It is owned by Bell Media , and operates as a de facto owned-and-operated station of its secondary CTV Two television system .   The channel is licensed by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission ( CRTC ) as an educational programming service for Alberta , and was formerly a public broadcaster owned by the Alberta provincial government . Since becoming a private broadcaster , it has continued to air educational and children 's programming as a condition of license , along with entertainment programming more favourable to advertisers and adult viewers .   The channel is also designated as a `` satellite-to-cable undertaking '' serving the entirety of Alberta , and is therefore carried throughout the province on cable and licensed IPTV services on each service 's basic tier . It is also available on both national satellite services , Bell TV and Shaw Direct . In addition , the station formerly operated two terrestrial transmitters , CJAL-TV ( channel 9 ) in Edmonton , where the channel 's main studios are located , and CIAN-TV ( channel 13 ) in Calgary .

neg: Girls (TV series) Girls is an American television series that premiered on HBO on April 15 , 2012 . Created by and starring Lena Dunham and executive produced by Judd Apatow , Girls is a comedy-drama following the lives of four young women living in New York City . The show 's premise and major aspects of the main character were drawn from Dunham 's own life .   The series has received a positive response from critics and consistent accolades , including the 2013 Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series -- Musical or Comedy .   Girls sixth and final season concluded on April 16 , 2017 , with a total of 62 episodes .

neg: Urban Suburban Urban Suburban is a Canadian reality television series , which debuted in 2011 on HGTV .

neg: This Life (2015 TV series) This Life is a Canadian television drama series . It premiered on October 5 , 2015 on CBC . The series is based on the French Canadian series Nouvelle adresse , created by Richard Blaimert . On March 31 , 2016 the CBC confirmed the series had been renewed for a second season , to premiere in Fall 2016 . The show was cancelled on January 24 , 2017 .

neg: Conquest (1998 film) Conquest is a 1998 British-Canadian romantic comedy film set in the dying prairie town of Conquest , Saskatchewan , most of whose remaining residents are in their 70s and depressed . Thirty-two-year-old Pincer Bedier ( Lothaire Bluteau ) , the French-Canadian manager of the only bank branch in the town , dreams of reviving the town and its only cash crop , the edible pea pods of the Caragana bush . Daisy MacDonald ( Tara Fitzgerald ) , a young , beautiful and mysterious English or Australian woman , happens into town in her bright red Alfa Romeo sports car and when it stalls , finds herself stranded indefinitely until the needed parts can be shipped in . Her presence invigourates the town and its inhabitants and romance develops between her and the young banker , while the older inhabitants catch his vision of the future .   Conquest was shown at the 1998 Montreal World Film Festival . In 1999 Monique Mercure won the Genie Award for Best Performance by an Actress in a Supporting Role , that of Grace Gallagher . Conquest has been shown on the Showtime network in the United States .

neg: Degrassi (season 14) The fourteenth and final season of Degrassi , a Canadian serial teen drama television series , premiered on October 28 , 2014 . Although only four school years have passed in the story timeline since season six , season fourteen is set during the final weeks of the spring semester in the years it aired . Writers have been able to use a semi-floating timeline , so that the issues depicted are modern for their viewers . This season again depicts the lives of a group of high school freshmen , sophomores , juniors , seniors and graduates as they deal with some of the challenges and issues that teenagers face such as teenage pregnancy , dysfunctional families , sexism , arson , sexting , sexual identity , miscarriages , anxiety disorders , drug use , child abuse , abstinence , and gang violence .   The fourteenth season was announced on November 13 , 2013 . However , MTV Canada and TeenNick did not announce picking up the season until a month before the first episode was scheduled to air . Filming for the season commenced on April 11 , 2014 at Epitome Studios in Toronto . Filming continued into August , with a break before filming the final four episodes of the season in order to give Epitome the opportunity to start filming episodes for the first season of their new series . Filming for this season completed on October 6 , 2014 . On June 4 , 2015 , it was announced that Degrassi would no longer air on TeenNick or MTV Canada following the fourteenth season . However , on June 9 , 2015 , it was announced that Family Channel and Netflix had picked up the series and will air 20 new episodes in 2016 , renaming the show Degrassi : Next Class . This season featured the telenovela/soap opera format used in previous seasons , airing new episodes five days a week for the last two weeks of the season .

neg: Great Canadian Theatre Company The Great Canadian Theatre Company , known for short as GCTC , is a professional theatre company based in Ottawa , Ontario , Canada . It was established in 1975 by a group of professors and graduate students at Carleton University . Riding a wave of cultural nationalism , founders Robin Matthews , Larry McDonald , Bill Law , Greg Reid and Lois Shannon envisioned a theatre company that would produce only Canadian plays , especially those with social and political relevance . Driven by a dream to place Canadian stories and Canadian history front and centre in our country 's universities and theatres , the company launched its first production in August 1975 .   The group has its origins in a season of Canadian theatre produced by the Sock 'n' Buskin Theatre Company at Carleton University . From Carleton , the company moved to a converted firehall in Ottawa South ( presently the Ottawa South Community Centre ) and then , in 1982 , to the Gladstone Theatre on Gladstone Avenue . In September 2007 the company moved into a larger venue called the Irving Greenberg Theatre Centre   The Irving Greenberg Theatre Centre , which includes a 262-seat mainstage theatre , a flexible black box studio theatre , and two spacious lobbies , has allowed GCTC to expand its community-based activities . More than 35,000 people visit the Irving Greenberg Theatre Centre every year to see productions by GCTC and other live performing arts companies , for concerts such as the Acoustic Waves music series , to visit the Lorraine Fritzi Yale Art Gallery , rent the facility , or to enjoy local homemade fare at the Viva Loca Café .   The September 2007 issue of ( Cult ) ure Magazine described the GCTC as `` Ottawa 's pre-eminent promoter of Canadian theatrical content . ''   Among playwrights whose works have been performed by the company are :  Jean-Marc Dalpé  David French  Linda Griffiths  Wendy Lill  Ann-Marie MacDonald  Arthur Milner  Morris Panych  Judith Thompson  Michel Tremblay  George F. Walker

neg: The Jane Show The Jane Show is a Canadian television sitcom produced by Shaftesbury Films that was shown on Global from 2006 to 2007 . The series stars Teresa Pavlinek as Jane Black , an aspiring novelist who takes a corporate job after her life undergoes a major upheaval . Pavlinek was also a cocreator , producer and writer for the series .   The show 's cast also included Patricia Zentilli , Darren Boyd , Kate Trotter , Hardee T. Lineham , Nigel Shawn Williams and Andrew Misle .   Global originally aired the series pilot in December 2004 , but retooled and redeveloped the program before ordering more episodes , which aired in 2006 . The second season aired in 2007 . The show was officially cancelled by Global on June 28 , 2007 .

neg: O Canada (TV series) O Canada is a Canadian-American animated television anthology series , broadcast in the United States on Cartoon Network . O Canada was the first Canadian cartoon series to air on Cartoon Network .   Shown mainly on Sunday nights ( early Monday mornings ) at 12:00 midnight ET , O Canada featured a selection of animated shorts from Canada , mostly from the archives of the National Film Board of Canada . Some of the animated shorts featured were part of the NFB 's Canada Vignettes collection of shorts first produced for CBC Television .   The title of the series originated from the name of Canada 's national anthem , O Canada .   One of the notable shorts featured in this series was Bob 's Birthday , which would later serve as the basis for Comedy Central / Global Television Network 's Bob and Margaret series , which would debut the following year . Despite its time slot , Bob 's Birthday was censored with one scene , that featured Bob fully bottomless , edited with a maple leaf electronically superimposed over his genitalia .

neg: Lithuanian Canadians Lithuanian Canadians ( Lithuanian : Kanados lietuviai ) are citizens of Canada who are fully or partially of Lithuanian descent . Over two-thirds of Lithuanian Canadians reside in Toronto , with other much smaller populations scattered around most of the Canadian provinces and territories .

neg: Stornoway Communications Stornoway Communications is a privately held Canadian broadcasting and production company based in Toronto , Ontario .   Stornoway owns two production arms called Stornoway Productions and Stornoway Films ; Stornoway Productions produces various in-depth documentaries while Stornoway Films produce dramas and other entertainment programs .

neg: Stars Hollow Stars Hollow is a fictional town in Connecticut featured on the television show Gilmore Girls . It is depicted as a close-knit community with many quirky characteristics , located roughly thirty minutes from Hartford . The show 's creators borrowed elements of Washington Depot , Connecticut ; Kent , Connecticut ; and New Milford , Connecticut to create the town , which is actually a set constructed on the Warner Bros. backlot in Burbank , California .

neg: Teen drama A teen drama is a genre or type of drama series with a major focus on teenage and young adult characters . It came into prominence in the early 1990s , especially with the popularity of the Fox series Beverly Hills , 90210 . After 90210 became a success , television writers and producers realized the potential for this new genre to reach out to a previously ignored demographic . In the past , most series that maintained a focus on teenagers had been sitcoms , while adolescents in drama series were usually part of a larger ensemble that included adults and children .   More often than not , teen dramas have soap opera elements , incorporating one or more ongoing story arcs spanning several episodes . The young characters must deal with the dramatic ups and downs of their friendships and romances while facing an array of issues thought to be typical of adolescence . There have also been many successful teen-based series with major science fiction , fantasy and action/adventure themes .

neg: Virginie Virginie was a French-language Canadian television series that aired Monday through Thursday on Radio-Canada ( the French-language CBC television network ) . It debuted in 1996 . The show examined the public and private lives of teachers , students , and families at the fictional Sainte-Jeanne-d'Arc high school . It frequently dealt with controversial social topics , such as teen drug use , ethnic prejudice , divorce , and other subjects touching on contemporary Quebec life . `` Virginie '' was a téléroman-style drama that often used `` cliffhangers '' in the storylines . It aired 120 episodes per year of 30 minutes each .   The series was produced and largely written by Fabienne Larouche . Virginie ended in December 2010 after 15 years on air ; the last episode aired on December 15 , 2010 . The final episode drew more than 807,000 viewers in Quebec , or about 200,000 more than its average viewership for a typical episode . The program maintained a high level of popularity throughout its television run .

neg: Country Joy Country Joy is a Canadian soap opera television series which aired on CBC Television from 1979 to 1980 .

neg: Rookie Blue Rookie Blue is a Canadian police drama television series starring Missy Peregrym and Gregory Smith . It was created by Morwyn Brebner , Tassie Cameron and Ellen Vanstone . The police drama premiered on June 24 , 2010 , at 9:00 p.m. Eastern/8 :00 p.m. Central , and aired on Global in Canada and ABC in the United States .   On July 17 , 2013 , ABC and Global announced that Rookie Blue was renewed for a fifth season . Originally intended to be a single season consisting of 22 episodes ( up from the usual 13 ) , the season was split in two , with ABC and ET Canada at first announcing that the first half would premiere on July 17 , and the other half `` at a later date '' . Season 5 premiered on May 19 on Global , on June 19 on ABC , and on July 20 on Universal Channel in the UK . Global 's early premiere marked the first time that the series aired on separate dates in Canada and the U.S.   On October 16 , 2015 , it was announced that Rookie Blue had completed its run after six seasons and would not be returning .

neg: Testees Testees is a Canadian television series , created by Kenny Hotz ( of Kenny vs. Spenny ) and written and produced by Kenny Hotz and Derek Harvie ( of The Tom Green Show ) . Testees originally aired on Thursdays at 10:30 PM EST on FX and ran from October 9 , 2008 , to December 18 , 2008 . and debuted on October 14 , 2008 , on Showcase in Canada . The show is filmed in Toronto and Hamilton , Ontario . Testees is now showing on FX in the UK , I.Sat in Brazil and Comedy Central in Germany , Austria and the Netherlands . After one season , Testees was not renewed by FX .

neg: Degrassi (franchise) Degrassi is a Canadian drama franchise that follows the lives of a group of teenagers who lived on or near De Grassi Street in Toronto , Ontario . The five main series are The Kids of Degrassi Street , Degrassi Junior High , Degrassi High , Degrassi : The Next Generation and Degrassi : Next Class .   The early Degrassi series were produced by the small production company owned by Kit Hood and Linda Schuyler , Playing With Time Inc. . The recent version of Degrassi , produced by Epitome Pictures , aired on MTV Canada and on VRAK.TV ( dubbed in French ) in Canada and was simultaneously broadcast on TeenNick ( and in syndication ) in the United States . Degrassi : The Next Generations '' 's eighth season aired on BBC Switch in the United Kingdom .   The second incarnation of The Next Generation , Degrassi : Next Class '' , is jointly produced by Netflix and Epitome ( a subsidiary of DHX Media ) . The show began airing in January 2016 on Netflix internationally and on Family ( F2N ) in Canada .

neg: Wedding Bell Blues (Gilmore Girls) `` Wedding Bell Blues '' is the thirteenth episode of the fifth season of the American comedy-drama series Gilmore Girls and the show 's 100th episode overall . Written and directed by series creator Amy Sherman-Palladino , the episode was originally broadcast on The WB in the United States on February 8 , 2005 . The episode features the renewal of vows by Emily ( Kelly Bishop ) and Richard Gilmore ( Edward Herrmann ) . Their daughter Lorelai Gilmore ( Lauren Graham ) and their granddaughter Rory Gilmore ( Alexis Bledel ) serve as maid of honor and best man , respectively . `` Wedding Bell Blues '' received positive reviews from television critics .

neg: Australian Canadians Australian Canadians are Canadian citizens of Australian descent or Australian-born people who reside in Canada . According to the 2011 Census there were 36,350 Canadians who claimed full or partial Australian ancestry .   Both are among the most developed countries and share historical connections , language , similar customs and among others , they also have Elizabeth II as their Head of State as both are also Commonwealth realms .


query: Honest sold 53,000 units in a week.

pos: Honest (Future album) Honest is the second studio album by American rapper Future . It was released on April 22 , 2014 , by A1 Recordings , Freebandz and Epic Records . The album features guest appearances from Drake and Wiz Khalifa , among others . The album was supported by five singles : `` Karate Chop '' featuring Lil Wayne , `` Honest '' , `` Shit '' , `` Move That Dope '' featuring Pharrell , Pusha T and Casino , and `` I Won '' featuring Kanye West , along with the promotional single `` Real and True '' featuring Mr Hudson and Miley Cyrus .   Honest received generally positive reviews from critics , debuting at number two on the Billboard 200 , selling 53,000 copies in its first week . The album was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) .

neg: Calvin Harris discography Scottish record producer , DJ , singer and songwriter Calvin Harris has released four studio albums , one mix album , three extended plays , 28 singles ( including three as a featured artist ) , 12 promotional singles and 31 music videos . As of November 2014 , Harris had sold 8,176,180 singles and tracks in the United Kingdom .   Harris 's debut studio album , I Created Disco , was released in June 2007 . The album peaked at number eight on the UK Albums Chart and was certified gold by the British Phonographic Industry ( BPI ) . Its first two singles , `` Acceptable in the 80s '' and `` The Girls '' , peaked at numbers 10 and three , respectively , on the UK Singles Chart , while the third single , `` Merrymaking at My Place '' , reached number 43 .   In August 2009 , Harris released his second studio album , Ready for the Weekend , which debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart and earned a gold certification from the BPI within two months of release . Its lead single , `` I 'm Not Alone '' , became Harris 's first number one on the UK Singles Chart . `` Ready for the Weekend '' was released as the album 's second single , peaking at number three in the United Kingdom . Two more singles were released from the album , `` Flashback '' and `` You Used to Hold Me '' , which reached numbers 18 and 27 on the UK chart , respectively .   His third studio album , 18 Months , was released in October 2012 . The album sees Harris stepping away from vocals , instead focusing on the music production . It earned Harris his second consecutive number-one album in his home country . 18 Months also became his first album to chart on the Billboard 200 in the United States , peaking at number 19 , while reaching number two in Ireland , number five in Australia and number eight in Canada . The album 's lead single , `` Bounce '' featuring Kelis , peaked at number two on the UK Singles Chart and gave Harris his first top-10 entry in Australia , peaking at number seven . The second single , `` Feel So Close '' , also peaked at number two in the UK . The song brought Harris to international prominence , reaching number five in New Zealand and number seven in Australia , as well as becoming his first chart entry as a lead performer on the US Billboard Hot 100 , where it charted at number 12 .   In 2011 , Harris wrote , produced and was featured on Rihanna 's single `` We Found Love '' , which topped the charts in 25 countries , including the United Kingdom , the United States , Ireland and Canada . The third and fourth singles from 18 Months , `` Let 's Go '' ( featuring Ne-Yo ) and `` We 'll Be Coming Back '' ( featuring Example ) , both reached number two on the UK chart , with the former also peaking at number 17 on the Billboard Hot 100 . The album 's fifth single , `` Sweet Nothing '' featuring Florence Welch , became Harris 's fourth number-one single in the UK and first top-10 single in the US . `` Drinking from the Bottle '' ( featuring Tinie Tempah ) and `` I Need Your Love '' ( featuring Ellie Goulding ) served as the album 's sixth and seventh singles . Having both charted inside the UK top 10 by April 2013 , Harris made chart history by becoming the first artist to attain eight top-10 singles from one studio album , overtaking the record previously set by Michael Jackson . The eighth and final single , `` Thinking About You '' featuring Ayah Marar , peaked at number eight on the UK Singles Chart .   Harris 's fourth studio album , Motion , was released in October 2014 . It peaked at number two on the UK Albums Chart and number five on the US Billboard 200 , his highest-peaking album on the latter chart . The album includes the UK number-one singles `` Under Control '' , `` Summer '' and `` Blame '' , as well as the top-10 single `` Outside '' .

neg: Lord Willin' Lord Willin ' is the debut studio album by hip hop duo The Clipse following the shelving of their original debut studio album `` Exclusive Audio Footage '' . The album was released on August 20 , 2002 and sold 122,000 units in its 1st week of release . The album was certified Gold by the RIAA on October 1 , 2002 .

neg: Psy discography This is the discography of the South Korean idol Psy . He is well known for his humorous videos and stage performances , and for his hit single `` Gangnam Style '' , a song about where he came from and which talks about the life of the people of Gangnam , which is a neighborhood in Seoul , South Korea .   In January 2001 , Psy debuted with his full-length album Psy from the Psycho World ! , for which he received a fine due to accusations that the album contained `` inappropriate content '' . He released his controversial second album , Sa 2 , in 2002 , which sparked complaints from concerned civil groups due to the potentially negative influence his album would have on children and teenagers . Since then , Psy has been thought of as a controversial artist , and Sa 2 was banned in 2002 from being sold to those under the age of 19 . Later in September the same year , Psy released his third album 3 Mai . The album 's title song , `` Champion '' , saw great success partly due to the hype from the World Cup games held in Seoul . Despite the significant amount of controversy surrounding his music , Psy was awarded with songwriting accolades at the annually held Seoul Music Awards , which marked his breakthrough in the music industry of South Korea .   In 2006 , Psy released his 4th album Sa Jib , which won honors at the 2006 SBS Music Awards and the Mnet Asian Music Awards . Psy released his 5th album PsyYFive in 2010 , but its lead single `` Right Now '' was banned by South Korea 's Ministry of Gender Equality and Family for its `` obscene '' lyrics . Despite his lead single being banned , Psy received awards during the 2011 Melon Music Awards and Mnet Asian Music Awards . Prior to the release of `` Gangnam Style '' , Psy had topped domestic music charts half a dozen times throughout his 12-year career , according to Billboard .   In July 2012 , PSY released his 6th album Psy 6 ( Six Rules ) , Part 1 and the song `` Gangnam Style '' appeared in broadcasting networks and newspapers outside Asia . On August 14 , `` Gangnam Style '' ranked first on YouTube 's ` Most Viewed Videos ' monthly chart ; it has received over 2 billion on YouTube ( the first to reach this mark and currently the number one viewed video in YouTube 's history ) . His single , `` Gentleman '' , was released on April 12 , 2013 in 119 countries .

neg: Customer satisfaction Customer satisfaction ( often abbreviated as CSAT , more correctly CSat ) is a term frequently used in marketing . It is a measure of how products and services supplied by a company meet or surpass customer expectation . Customer satisfaction is defined as `` the number of customers , or percentage of total customers , whose reported experience with a firm , its products , or its services ( ratings ) exceeds specified satisfaction goals . ''   The Marketing Accountability Standards Board ( MASB ) endorses the definitions , purposes , and constructs of classes of measures that appear in Marketing Metrics as part of its ongoing Common Language in Marketing Project . In a survey of nearly 200 senior marketing managers , 71 percent responded that they found a customer satisfaction metric very useful in managing and monitoring their businesses .   It is seen as a key performance indicator within business and is often part of a Balanced Scorecard . In a competitive marketplace where businesses compete for customers , customer satisfaction is seen as a key differentiator and increasingly has become a key element of business strategy .   `` Within organizations , customer satisfaction ratings can have powerful effects . They focus employees on the importance of fulfilling customers ' expectations . Furthermore , when these ratings dip , they warn of problems that can affect sales and profitability ... . These metrics quantify an important dynamic . When a brand has loyal customers , it gains positive word-of-mouth marketing , which is both free and highly effective . ''   Firms need reliable and representative measures of satisfaction to effectively manage customer satisfaction .   `` In researching satisfaction , firms generally ask customers whether their product or service has met or exceeded expectations . Thus , expectations are a key factor behind satisfaction . When customers have high expectations and the reality falls short , they will be disappointed and will likely rate their experience as less than satisfying . For this reason , a luxury resort , for example , might receive a lower satisfaction rating than a budget motel -- even though its facilities and service would be deemed superior in ` absolute ' terms . ''   The importance of customer satisfaction diminishes when a firm has increased bargaining power . For example , cell phone plan providers , such as AT&T and Verizon , participate in an industry that is an oligopoly , where only a few suppliers of a certain product or service exist . As such , many cell phone plan contracts have a lot of fine print with provisions that they would never get away if there were , say , 100 cell phone plan providers , because customer satisfaction would be far too low , and customers would easily have the option of leaving for a better contract offer .

neg: Sexy, Free & Single Sexy , Free & Single ( reissue name Spy ) is the sixth Korean studio album of South Korean boy band Super Junior . It was released on July 4 , 2012 , by SM Entertainment , distributed by KMP Holdings and available from online music portal sites at midnight on July 1 , 2012 . It is their first album in 11 months following Mr. Simple released in August 2011 . This was followed by the release of Version B on July 16 , with a different cover which features the 10 members in their teaser photo makeup . A repackaged edition , re-titled Spy was released on August 6 , with four new tracks including follow-up single `` Spy '' .   This album marks the return of member Kangin , who was discharged from his mandatory military service in April 2012 , and the first time with Super Junior in three years since October 2009 ; but the first one without Heechul , who enlisted in September 2011 , and the last with leader Leeteuk and Yesung before their military service , enlisting on 30 October 2012 and on 6 May 2013 , respectively . This is the third album that features ten of the 13 members from the group , following Bonamana in 2010 and their fifth album Mr. Simple .   The album won the `` Album of the Year '' in the 14th Mnet Asian Music Awards and `` Disk Daesang '' in 27th Golden Disk Awards . According to Gaon Album Chart , as of the end of December 2012 , the album has sold a cumulative total of 510,000 + copies domestically .

neg: Mean Business Mean Business is the second and final studio album by The Firm , released by Atlantic Records on 3 February 1986 . Repeating the same bluesy formula as on the first album , The Firm ( 1985 ) , Mean Business did not achieve the same commercial success .   One of the album 's tracks , `` Live in Peace '' , was first recorded on Paul Rodgers ' first solo album in 1983 , Cut Loose . The versions differ in that Chris Slade played the drums slower than on the original version , apart from the ending , and Jimmy Page added a bluesy guitar solo at the end of the song .   The album 's title was intended to have a double meaning : that the music business is a hard one , and that the band was serious about its music ( `` The Firm mean business '' ) . However , perhaps due to the lukewarm-at-best critical and financial success which the band met , Page and Rodgers decided to disband The Firm within months of this album 's release .   The album peaked at # 22 on the Billboard 200 albums chart . and at # 46 on the UK Albums Chart . The single `` All the King 's Horses '' spent four weeks at the top of Billboard '' 's Mainstream Rock Tracks chart .   `` Fortune Hunter '' was originally co-written by Page and Chris Squire for the aborted XYZ project in 1981 . Squire was not credited on The Firm 's version and later said he would have sued for royalties if the album had been a hit , but since it failed he dropped the idea because he saw it as inappropriate at a time when he was receiving six-figure yearly income from the sales of 90125 . ''

neg: Straight Ahead (Amy Grant album) Straight Ahead is the fifth studio album , and eighth album by Christian music artist Amy Grant , released in 1984 . This was Grant 's final album on Myrrh Records ; she would later strike a record deal with A&M Records .   Straight Ahead was the follow-up to Grant 's ground-breaking 1982 album Age to Age . Containing songs that were more aggressive than the ones found on Age to Age , Straight Ahead was not as commercially successful as its predecessor . Nonetheless , it still topped Billboard 's Christian album chart for sixty-one weeks , knocking Age to Age from the number-one position . The song `` Angels '' was also a No. 1 Christian radio hit for thirteen weeks , and won a Grammy Award for `` Best Gospel Performance , Female . '' Straight Ahead would be certified gold in 1985 . The song `` Thy Word '' is based on Psalm 119:105 .   In 2007 , Straight Ahead was reissued and digitally remastered by Grant 's new record label , EMI/Sparrow Records . The remastered edition is labeled with a `` Digitally Remastered '' logo in the ` gutter ' on the CD front .   Straight Ahead was the first Christian album to chart on the Billboard pop album chart . A&M reissued it in 1985 , just as Grant was appearing on the Grammy Awards performing `` Angels '' .

neg: Thug World Order Thug World Order is the fifth studio album by Bone Thugs-n-Harmony , released on October 29 , 2002 . This was the group 's final album under Ruthless Records and have now created their own label Bone Thugs Records . Bone Thugs Records started off promoting their first two artist set for solo albums , LaReece ( of ThugLine Records ) and Bruce Hathcock . Tomica and the group met in Miami to record the album , as well as get on better terms . The group recorded five tracks while they were there .   The first single released from the album was `` Get Up & Get It '' , featuring 3LW . The second single released from the album was `` Home '' featuring Phil Collins , which charted in the UK .   Due to Flesh-n-Bone being sent to prison on weapons charges he does not make an appearance on the album ( not counting the skit of him and DJ U-Neek ) .   Not long after the album 's release Bizzy Bone was kicked out of the group leaving only Layzie Bone , Wish Bone & Krayzie Bone .

neg: 1950s American automobile culture 1950s American automobile culture has had an enduring influence on the culture of the United States , as reflected in popular music , major trends from the 1950s and mainstream acceptance of the `` hot rod '' culture . The American manufacturing economy switched from producing war-related items to consumer goods at the end of World War II , and by the end of the 1950s , one in six working Americans were employed either directly or indirectly in the automotive industry . The United States became the world 's largest manufacturer of automobiles , and Henry Ford 's goal of 30 years earlier -- that any man with a good job should be able to afford an automobile -- was achieved . A new generation of service businesses focusing on customers with their automobiles sprang up during the decade , including drive-through or drive-in restaurants and more drive-in theaters ( cinemas ) .   The decade began with 25 million registered automobiles on the road , most of which predated World War II and were in poor condition ; no automobiles or parts were produced during the war owing to rationing and restrictions . By 1950 , most factories had made the transition to a consumer-based economy , and more than 8 million cars were produced that year alone . By 1958 , there were more than 67 million cars registered in the United States , more than twice the number at the start of the decade .   As part of the U.S. national defenses , to support military transport , the National Highway System was expanded with Interstate highways , beginning in 1955 , across many parts of the United States . The wider , multi-lane highways allowed traffic to move at faster speeds , with few or no stoplights on the way . The wide-open spaces along the highways became a basis for numerous billboards showing advertisements .   The dawning of the Space Age and Space Race were reflected in contemporary American automotive styling . Large tailfins , flowing designs reminiscent of rockets , and radio antennas that imitated Sputnik 1 were common , owing to the efforts of design pioneers such as Harley Earl .

neg: 50 Cent discography American rapper 50 Cent has released five studio albums , ten mixtapes , two video albums , four compilation albums , one soundtrack album , 76 singles ( including 26 as a featured artist ) , and 88 music videos . As of July 2014 , he is the sixth best-selling hip-hop artist of the Nielsen SoundScan era with 16,786,000 albums sold in the US . 50 Cent signed to Shady Records in 2002 and released his debut studio album , Get Rich or Die Tryin ' , on February 6 , 2003 . The album peaked at number one in the US Billboard 200 and performed well in international markets . It features the number-one singles `` In da Club '' and `` 21 Questions '' and also includes the singles `` P.I.M.P. '' and `` If I Ca n't '' . 50 Cent collaborated with American rapper Lil ' Kim on `` Magic Stick '' , which peaked at number two in the US .   In 2005 , he released his second studio album , The Massacre . The album charted at number one in the US , as well as reaching the top ten on many album charts worldwide , and sold 4.83 million copies in the United States in 2005 , the second highest sales count by any album that year . The Massacre includes the US top-three hits `` Disco Inferno '' and `` Just a Lil Bit '' , and the US number-one hit `` Candy Shop '' , which peaked in the top ten of many charts worldwide . A reissue of The Massacre produced the single `` Outta Control '' , which peaked at number six in the US . In November 2005 , 50 Cent starred in the movie Get Rich or Die Tryin ' , and recorded four singles for the film 's soundtrack : the international hits `` Hustler 's Ambition '' and `` Window Shopper '' , and also `` Best Friend '' and `` I 'll Whip Ya Head Boy '' .   In 2007 , 50 Cent 's third studio album , Curtis , debuted at number two on the Billboard 200 , behind Kanye West 's album Graduation , after a much-hyped sales competition between the albums . Five singles were released from the album , including international hit `` Ayo Technology '' and Billboard hits `` Straight to the Bank '' , `` Amusement Park '' , `` I Get Money '' and `` I 'll Still Kill '' . In 2009 , he released his fourth studio album , Before I Self Destruct . Music critics described the album as a return to the darker , more intense style of music that 50 Cent exhibited on many of his early mixtapes . The album charted at number five on the Billboard 200 and peaked in the top twenty of several album charts worldwide . The album features two singles : the international hit `` Baby by Me '' , which peaked at number twenty-eight in the US , and `` Do You Think About Me '' .   In June 2014 , 50 Cent released his fifth studio album , Animal Ambition . All of the songs on the standard edition of the album were released as singles prior to the album being delivered to the public . His upcoming sixth studio album , titled Street King Immortal , was preceded by the release of the non-album song `` Outlaw '' , which peaked at number eighty-seven in both the US and Canada , and a free download album -- 5 ( Murder by Numbers ) -- on July 6 , 2012 . Four singles were released in promotion for Street King Immortal : `` New Day '' , `` My Life '' , which reached number two on the UK Singles Chart , `` Major Distribution '' , and `` We Up '' , but the songs were scrapped and the album is now set to be released in 2016 .

neg: New Order discography The discography of New Order , an English rock band , consists of ten studio albums , twelve compilation albums , three live albums , five extended plays ( EPs ) , thirty-eight singles , twelve video releases , thirty-three music videos and a number of soundtrack appearances . New Order were formed in 1980 by singer and guitarist Bernard Sumner , bassist Peter Hook and drummer Stephen Morris . The group began life as a continuation of their former incarnation Joy Division . Joy Division had disbanded after the death of the lead singer Ian Curtis . Gillian Gilbert , who was Morris ' girlfriend at the time , soon joined the group and played guitar and keyboards .   Remarkably , New Order 's first eight singles released between 1981 and 1984 were not taken from any album . In most cases they were not even released as a 7-inch , but exclusively available in the radio-unfriendly 12-inch format , an unusual approach for a pop-act in the eighties .   Despite the high anticipation that surrounded the group , their debut single `` Ceremony '' only peaked at number 34 on the UK Singles Chart . The group 's following two singles and their debut album met with similar moderate success . It would not be until the release of their fourth single , `` Blue Monday '' , that New Order would break into the top ten , with the song peaking at number 9 . `` Blue Monday '' became a defining single for the group and caused a sensation , becoming the biggest selling 12-inch single of all time .   New Order , like many other post-punk groups of the period , increasingly utilised keyboards , drum machine and sequencers in their music . As a result they became associated with the synthpop and electronic dance movements of the 1980s . Beginning with Power , Corruption & Lies from 1983 , all of the group 's studio albums reached the top ten in the United Kingdom . The group experienced a lull in popularity in the years 1985 and 1986 but the surprise international popularity of the `` Bizarre Love Triangle '' single re-launched the group across the world . The group cemented their success in 1987 with the single , `` True Faith '' , and the compilation album Substance .   New Order were at the peak of their popularity in the years 1987 to 1993 , with a run of popular singles , including `` Blue Monday 1988 '' , `` Fine Time '' , `` Regret '' , `` World ( The Price of Love ) '' and in 1990 they scored their only number 1 single in the UK with the official England national football team song , `` World in Motion '' . The two albums released during these years , Technique and Republic ; each charted at number 1 in the UK . It was during this successful period that the group 's internal dynamic began to falter . Sumner was not fond of touring , and wanted to take time off from the group and produce a solo album . He formed Electronic with Johnny Marr and the pair released their first single in 1989 . Hook formed his own band , Revenge , in 1989 , while Morris and Gilbert worked together as The Other Two , primarily scoring soundtracks . Of the three side projects , Sumner 's was by far the most successful .   The recording and touring of 1993 's Republic , their first for London Records , was difficult and intra-band tensions were rife . The group went on hiatus until 1998 . In the meantime two compilation albums , The Best of New Order and The Rest of New Order , and several singles were released .   The group reconvened in 1998 for the Reading Festival but did not release new material until 2000 . The group released the album Get Ready in 2001 . It was met with critical warmth , but it was apparent that the group 's popularity had lessened . The lead single from the album , `` Crystal '' , reached the top ten in the UK . The film 24 Hour Party People , a humorous chronicle of their label Factory Records , was released in 2002 . New Order contributed a new song , `` Here to Stay '' , and a re-recording of the Joy Division song `` New Dawn Fades '' with Moby , for the film 's soundtrack . The compilation International and four-disc boxset Retro were released in winter 2002 . New Order followed Get Ready with Waiting for the Sirens ' Call in 2005 . During this period Gilbert stepped down from live performances due to family commitments . Phil Cunningham stepped into her role and in 2005 became an official member of the group .   The group had intended to release a ninth album soon after Waiting for the Sirens ' Call , the majority of which had already been recorded . The lack of enthusiasm inside the group and relative failure of Waiting for the Sirens ' Call stalled their career momentum . In 2007 , Hook decided to leave the group , and stated that he and Sumner had no further plans to work together . Sumner formed Bad Lieutenant with Cunningham , and Hook formed Freebass . Morris continued to work with Sumner and Cunningham . In 2008 , New Order released remastered and expanded editions of their first five albums with the intention of releasing the further three albums in a similar format in future .  In December 2012 it was announced that Lost Sirens would be released in the United Kingdom on 14 January 2013 . Lost Sirens is an eight-track album of tracks left out of Waiting for the Sirens ' Call .  On 22 June 2015 , the band announced they are to release a new album , Music Complete , on 25 September 2015 . The album will be the first without Peter Hook , and was produced mostly by the band themselves , except `` Singularity '' and `` Unlearn This Hatred '' , both produced by Tom Rowlands , while `` Superheated '' features additional production by Stuart Price .   In the US , the band has sold a certified 2 million albums , and in the UK a certified 960,000 albums .

neg: Half.com Half.com is a subsidiary of eBay , in which sellers offer items at fixed prices , usually items that have a UPC , ISBN , or other kind of SKU , rather than rare , old or collectible items . The items available on half.com are limited to books , textbooks , music , movies , video games , and video game consoles .   Half provides a platform where sellers competitively `` bid '' against one another , based on Universal Product Code . The seller can see the average sale price and most recent sale price for any particular item to determine the selling price desired . A potential buyer sees the available inventory for any particular item and can choose the seller . This is the opposite of eBay where buyers bid against one another . The Pre-order feature allows buyers to set a price and quality rating of a particular item they would like to buy . Sellers see the pre-order listed when they put an item up for sale and may sell it to the buyer if they agree with the buyer 's price .   There are no fees to list items on Half.com , but rather the company takes a commission of every completed sale . The seller is responsible for shipping any item within three business days of a sale and paying the actual shipping costs .

neg: Chicken Delight Chicken Delight is a chain of restaurants offering eat in , take out , and delivery service with a menu featuring chicken , pizza and ribs . Based in Winnipeg , the chain mostly has outlets in that city and throughout Manitoba . Although as of 2017 six Chicken Delight restaurants are located in the New York metro area , none of these are included in the corporate web site list of franchise locations .   The current operation is a relic of a much larger chain . Founded in Illinois in 1952 , the chain grew to over 1,000 locations in the 1960s . It was purchased by Consolidated Foods in 1964 . Its jingle `` Do n't cook tonight , call Chicken Delight '' , emphasizing their delivery service , was widely broadcast on American radio .   By the late 1960s , however , Chicken Delight in the US was a troubled operation . While emerging chains like McDonald 's ensured that each and every outlet provided a product that met the franchisor 's most exacting standards , the quality-control of Chicken Delight outlets in the US was lax . The company was fighting the battle of people who , having had a bad experience in one single outlet , generalized that to the whole chain , then told their friends to stay away .   At the same time , Chicken Delight was finding itself under increasing pressure from a fast-growing competitor , Kentucky Fried Chicken . Even though Chicken Delight and KFC were founded in the same year , Chicken Delight had grown far more quickly . KFC , in many markets , was just beginning to take hold . The competition became particularly strong when KFC added a new chicken product to their menu with a similar taste and texture to Chicken Delight 's that they dubbed `` Extra-Crispy . ''   When Chicken Delight was founded , franchisers typically used one of two different methods for collecting revenue . One was to collect 4 % to 8 % of gross sales , as is typically done now . The other method was to require their franchisees to buy all their equipment and packaging from the franchisor . Chicken Delight franchisees paid a little extra for each paper cup , each paper plate , the chicken-coating mix , etc. , providing the franchisor with the money for corporate operations , advertising , and profit . A law firm felt this scheme ran afoul of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act which requires that the franchisor not sell products above fair market value . In the 1960s , they successfully sued on behalf of 94 franchisees and , in 1971 , got a precedent-setting ruling from the US 9th Circuit Court of Appeals that broke the franchise contract for all stores and awarded their clients damages . ( Siegel v. Chicken Delight , 448 F. 2d 43 ( 9th Cir . 1971 ) ; reversed in modern times by decisions such as Queen City Pizza v. Domino 's Pizza , 124 F. 3d 430 ( 1997 ) . )   The lawsuit win proved to be a Pyrrhic victory , however , because Consolidated Foods ( Now Sara Lee Corporation ) , then-owner of Chicken Delight , turned its back on the business in the US , leaving all its former US franchisees to fend for themselves . Today , some of the old US stores operate independently under names reminiscent of the original , such as `` Chicken Tonight '' .   In 1979 Otto Koch , owner of the successful Chicken Delight Canada Ltd. , purchased the remaining rump of the American operations , and a handful of true Chicken Delight stores can once again be found in the US operating under modern quality-control and contractual conditions .

neg: Just Whitney Just Whitney is the fifth studio album by American recording artist Whitney Houston , released on December 10 , 2002 in North America by Arista Records . It was her first studio album in four years , since 1998 's My Love Is Your Love , and after signing her new $ 100 million Arista contract in 2001 .   The album debuted at number nine on the Billboard 200 , and number three of Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums , with sales of 205,147 copies in the first week , not only beating her previous high first-week sales of 177,284 units with the Waiting to Exhale soundtrack but also logged her highest debut sales out of her SoundScan-era solo albums . The album received mixed reviews from music critics .   It spawned four official singles -- with three ; `` Whatchulookinat '' , `` Love That Man '' and `` Try It on My Own '' peaking at number one on Billboards Hot Dance Club Play chart . `` Try It on My Own '' also peaked at number 10 on Billboards Adult Contemporary singles . Since its release , Just Whitney ... has gone on to sell/ship more than 2 million units worldwide and has also earned Platinum certification in the US and Switzerland and Gold in France , Brazil and other countries . As of 2012 , the album 's US sales stand at approximately 1 million units . In 2003 , Just Whitney ... was nominated at the Soul Train Lady of Soul Awards in the category for Best R&B / Soul Album of the Year .

neg: Night and Day (Joe Jackson album) Night and Day is Joe Jackson 's fifth album , released in June 1982 . It reached the Top 5 in both the UK and US , Jackson 's only studio album to do so . It sold over one million copies , earning platinum disc status .   The album pays tribute to the wit and style of Cole Porter ( and indirectly to New York ) . The track `` Real Men '' pointed obliquely to the city 's early 1980s gay culture .   `` Steppin ' Out '' earned Grammy nominations for Record of the Year and Best Pop Vocal Performance , Male . It reached # 6 on both the UK and the US charts . `` Breaking Us in Two '' reached # 18 in the US and # 59 in the UK .

neg: Sales engineering Sales engineering is a hybrid of sales and engineering that exists in industrial and commercial markets . Buying decisions in these markets are made differently than those in many consumer contexts , being based more on technical information and rational analysis and less on style , fashion , or impulse . Therefore , selling in these markets can not depend on consumer-type sales methods alone , and instead it relies heavily on technical information and problem-solving to convince buyers that they should spend money on the seller 's products or services , in order to meet a business need ( that is , to satisfy a business case ) . A sales engineer is thus both `` a salesperson that understands and can apply engineering '' and `` an engineer that understands how to sell engineered systems '' . They thus not only sell but also provide advice and support . They provide this service to various internal or external customers , and they may work for a manufacturer ( servicing its industrial-account/business-to-business customers ) , for a distributor ( which in turn services the industrial-account/business-to-business customers ) , or for a third party such as an engineering consultancy or a systems integrator .   Sales Engineers are a critical sales team member in many companies and industries around the world . They are more than just technical experts in their respective industries . Highly successful sales engineers must build and maintain parallel expertise in `` soft skill '' disciplines such as business acumen , presentation skills , building customer relationships , developing an engagement strategy , and having a thorough understanding of the targeted industry . Many companies have difficulty finding people who possess these qualities , plus have extensive technical knowledge .   The essence of the sales engineering role can be called by various names . Which name is most apt can even depend on which industry it is used in . Some common job titles that involve the essence of sales engineering include Sales Engineer , Solutions Engineer , Systems Engineer , Customer Engineer , ( pre-sales ) consultant , Technical Account Manager ; Applications Engineer or Field Applications Engineer , and others . The term systems engineering has various shades of meaning , however , as it is often more or less synonymous with industrial engineering ; but in any market economy , industrial engineers will often end up providing some sales engineering as a necessary portion of their work . Service technicians in industrial fields may also find that their work challenges them to provide some sales engineering , to whatever extent they are capable of providing it , because they interface with customers having problems with equipment ( or lacking the right equipment ) and seeking solutions ( anywhere from diagnosis and repair , to identifying entirely different systems that could be used instead ) .

neg: Now That's What I Call Music! 37 (U.S. series) Now That 's What I Call Music ! 37 was released on February 8 , 2011 . The album is the 37th edition of the ( U.S. ) Now ! series . Seven tracks selected for the album were number-one hits on the Billboard Hot 100 : `` Love The Way You Lie '' , `` Just the Way You Are '' , `` Firework '' , `` Raise Your Glass '' , `` We R Who We R '' , `` Only Girl ( In The World ) '' and `` Like a G6 '' .   Now ! 37 debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 albums chart with first week sales of 151,000 , the biggest week for any US-released Now album since Now ! 31 started at number one with 169,000 in July 2009 .

neg: Now That's What I Call Music! 43 (U.S. series) Now That 's What I Call Music ! 43 was released on August 7 , 2012 . It is the 43rd edition of the Now ! series in the United States . It debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 albums chart with sales of 111,000 copies in its first week of release , becoming the 16th number-one album in the series ' franchise .   Now ! 43 features two number-one Billboard Hot 100 hits , `` Call Me Maybe '' and `` Part of Me '' .   Instead of the main version of `` Payphone '' , which featured Wiz Khalifa , the `` No-rap '' version was included on this album .

neg: Dance/Electronic Digital Songs Dance/Electronic Digital Songs is a weekly chart that ranks the best-selling digital dance and electronic singles in the United States , according to Billboard . Although it originally started tracking singles the week of January 2 , 2010 , it did not become an official chart until the issue dated April 3 , 2010 .   The Dance/Electronic Digital Songs chart tracks the 50 most popular downloaded dance music singles , including tracks that are exclusively available online only . This chart also includes previously released dance and disco songs that became available for downloading , which means that songs like `` You Spin Me Round ( Like a Record ) '' by Dead or Alive are eligible to chart .   On January 17 , 2013 , Billboard added a new chart , Dance/Electronic Songs , which tracks the 50 most popular Dance and Electronic singles and tracks based on club play , single sales , radio airplay , digital downloads , and online streaming . As such , this chart serves as the main component for the Dance Club Songs , Dance/Mix Show Airplay , Dance Single Sales , and Dance/Electronic Digital Songs charts .   The chart 's first number one was `` Bad Romance '' by Lady Gaga in the January 23 , 2010 issue and Gaga 's songs spent so far ( as December , 2014 ) a total of 1025 weeks on the chart . The chart 's longest running number-one is `` Bulletproof '' by La Roux , reigning at the lead position for 18 consecutive weeks .

neg: My Story (Ayumi Hamasaki album) My Story is the sixth studio album by Japanese singer-songwriter Ayumi Hamasaki , released on December 15 , 2004 by Avex Trax . The album 's lyrics were written in their entirety by Hamasaki herself , with composition on the album handled by a team of composers including Kazuhito Kikuchi , Bounceback , Tetsuya Yukumi , and , on some songs , Hamasaki , under the pen name Crea .   By the end of her 2004 arena tour , Hamasaki became dissatisfied with her position at Avex . She felt that the company was treating her as a product rather than a human being and artist . After her two previous efforts , I Am ... and Rainbow , which she felt had been rushed , Hamasaki decided that on her next record she would not write to `` give people hope '' or write `` something good '' ; instead , she simply wrote `` freely and honestly '' with no set theme . These writing sessions resulted in autobiographical lyrics , exploring Hamasaki 's own emotions and reminisces about her career . The music of My Story reflects the free theme of the lyrics ; its noticeable rock overtones expressed Hamasaki 's liking for rock music . Pleased with its sound , Hamasaki declared that My Story was the first album of her career with which she felt truly satisfied .   Lead single `` Moments '' was released on March 31 , 2004 to positive reviews from critics , who praised its rock influences . It was a commercial success too , debuting at number one , selling over 300,000 copies , and receiving a platinum certification . The second single , `` Inspire '' , was successful as well , reaching number one and being certified platinum ; it sold over 329,000 units , becoming the highest-selling single from My Story . Similarly , `` Carols '' topped the charts in Japan and was certified Platinum .   My Story was positively received by critics , who appreciated its aggressive style compared to Western pop music at the time , and its alternative sound . A commercial success , it became Hamasaki 's sixth consecutive number-one album in Japan , debuting at the top spot with first week sales of 574,321 copies . In its 43-week chart run , My Story sold 1,132,444 copies and became the seventh best-selling album of the year in Japan . Combined with the sales of its three singles , My Story sold 2,073,640 copies and is the 222nd best-selling album in Japan of all time .


query: Since July 2012, Pranab Mukherjee has been in office.

pos: Pranab Mukherjee ` Pranab Kumar Mukherjee ( born 11 December 1935 ) is the 13th and current President of India , he has been in office since July 2012 . In a political career spanning six decades , Mukherjee was a senior leader of the Indian National Congress and occupied several ministerial portfolios in the Government of India . Prior to his election as President , Mukherjee was Union Finance Minister from 2009 to 2012 , and the Congress party 's top troubleshooter .   Mukherjee got his break in politics in 1969 when Prime Minister Indira Gandhi helped him get elected to the Rajya Sabha , the upper house of Parliament , on a Congress ticket . Following a meteoric rise , he became one of Indira Gandhi 's most trusted lieutenants , and a minister in her cabinet by 1973 . During the controversial Internal Emergency of 1975 -- 77 , he was accused ( like several other Congress leaders ) of committing gross excesses . Mukherjee 's service in a number of ministerial capacities culminated in his first stint as finance minister in 1982 -- 84 . Mukherjee was also Leader of the House in the Rajya Sabha from 1980 to 1985 .   Mukherjee was sidelined from the Congress during the premiership of Rajiv Gandhi , Indira 's son . Mukherjee had viewed himself , and not the inexperienced Rajiv , as the rightful successor to Indira following her assassination in 1984 . Mukherjee lost out in the ensuing power struggle . He formed his own party , the Rashtriya Samajwadi Congress , which merged with the Congress in 1989 after reaching a consensus with Rajiv Gandhi . Mukherjee 's political career revived when Prime Minister P. V. Narasimha Rao appointed him Planning Commission head in 1991 and foreign minister in 1995 . Following this , as elder statesman of the Congress , Mukherjee was the principal and architect of Sonia Gandhi 's ascension to the party 's presidency in 1998 .   When the Congress-led United Progressive Alliance ( UPA ) came into power in 2004 , Mukherjee won a Lok Sabha ( the popularly elected lower house of Parliament ) seat for the first time . From then until his resignation in 2012 , Mukherjee was practically number-two in Prime Minister Manmohan Singh 's government . He held a number of key cabinet portfolios -- Defence ( 2004 -- 06 ) , External Affairs ( 2006 -- 09 ) and Finance ( 2009 -- 12 ) -- apart from heading several Groups of Ministers ( GoMs ) and being Leader of the House in the Lok Sabha . After securing the UPA 's nomination for the country 's presidency in July 2012 , Mukherjee comfortably defeated P. A. Sangma in the race to Rashtrapati Bhavan , winning 70 percent of the electoral-college vote .

neg: Chief Ministers in Malaysia In Malaysia , the Menteri Besar ( Jawi : منتري بسر ; literally `` First Minister '' ) is the head of government of each of nine states in Malaysia with hereditary rulers . For four states without a monarch , the title Chief Minister ( Ketua Menteri ) is used . The title ` Menteri Besar ' is usually untranslated in the English media in Malaysia , but is typically translated as ` Chief Minister ' by foreign media . According to protocol , all Menteris Besar and Chief Ministers are styled Yang Amat Berhormat ( abbreviated YAB ) , which means `` The Most Honourable '' .   The nine hereditary rulers of the Malay states and the appointed governors of the other four states serve as constitutional and ceremonial heads of their states , with the state executive authority rests with the Menteris Besar and Chief Ministers . Following elections to the state legislative assembly , the Ruler or Governor usually invites the party ( or coalition ) with a majority of seats to form the state government . The Ruler or Governor appoints and swears in the Menteris Besar or Chief Ministers , whose executive council ( except Sabah and Sarawak which known as Cabinet ) are collectively responsible to the assembly . Based on the Westminster system , given that he retains the confidence of the assembly , the Menteri 's Besar or Chief Minister 's term can last for the length of the assembly 's life -- a maximum of five years . There are no limits to the number of terms that the Menteri Besar or Chief Minister can serve .

neg: Warrant of Appointment A Warrant of Appointment is the official document presented by the President of India to persons upon appointment to certain high offices of State , signed by the President and bearing the Official Seal of the President . Warrants are presented , among others , to judges , the Attorney General , the Comptroller and Auditor General and the Ombudsman .

neg: Syama Prasad Mukherjee Shyama Prasad Mukherjee alternatively spelt as Syama Prasad Mookerjee ( 6 July 1901 -- 23 June 1953 ) was an Indian politician , barrister and academician , who served as Minister for Industry and Supply in Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru 's cabinet . After falling out with Nehru , Mukherjee quit the  Indian National Congress and founded the right wing nationalist Bharatiya Jana Sangh ( which would later evolve into BJP ) in 1951 .

neg: Cabinet of Pakistan The Cabinet of Pakistan is composed and consisted of the most senior and elected officers of the executive branch of the Government of Pakistan . All cabinet secretariats are directed and perform their government administrative operations by people-elected statesmen and officers who are generally designated as `` Ministers '' of their cabinet secretariats .   The existence of the Cabinet dates back to first Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan who appointed the first cabinet of numbers of civil servants and statesmen to assist to advise him and to assist him in carrying out his government duties . The Cabinet federally directs its operations under the powers granted by the Constitution , which is constitutionally established under the Article 81D of the Constitution that granted the existence of the Cabinet .   All Cabinet members are nominated and appointed by people-elected Prime minister , and are sworn with the Prime Minister , by the President to begin their duties and secretariat operations . The Prime Minister directs the government and oversees the government operations and duties of secretariat , with numbers of state ministers and advisers to provide and assist him . The Prime Minister plays an influential role in running the government , which means the Prime minister may dismiss them or reappoint them ( to other posts ) at will .   In June 2013 , a new cabinet was announced by the Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif ; all cabinet officials are from the Pakistan Muslim League ( N ) ( PMLN ) .

neg: Kyoto-Varanasi Partner City Agreement Shortly after arriving in Kyoto , Japan for a 5-day bilateral meeting with Prime Minister of Japan Shinzo Abe , Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi and Prime Minister Abe announced the Kyoto-Varanasi Partner City Agreement . The text of the agreement was signed in the presence of the leaders of both nations by Mayor of Kyoto Daisaku Kadokawa and Ambassador of India to Japan Smt . Deepa Gopalan Wadhwa .   As Varanasi forms a part of Prime Minister Modi 's Lok Sabha constituency , `` the prime minister ensured that Kashi , on the banks of river Ganges , finds a partner in Kyoto , as India 's holy city moves ahead on the path of revival to become the ` smart heritage city ' - Modi 's fascinating dream to turn his parliamentary constituency into a modern 21st-century city , yet retaining its rich tradition and cultural heritage . ''   On December 3 , 2014 , the Press Information Bureau ( PIB ) of the Government of India 's Ministry of Urban Development announced the formation of an 11-member steering committee to facilitate , in line with Prime Minister Modi 's directives , the modernization of water management , sewage management , waste management and urban transportation , `` drawing upon Japanese expertise and technologies . '' The committee will also promote the `` application of Japanese practices , techniques and management for conservation of rich heritage of Varanasi '' and foster `` exchanges between Kyoto University and Banares Hindu University , as well as religious organisations . ''

neg: Ashutosh Mukherjee Sir Ashutosh Mukherjee , CSI originally spelt as Sir Asutosh Mookerjee ( 29 June 1864 -- 25 May 1924 ) was a prolific Bengali educator and the second Indian Vice-Chancellor of the University of Calcutta for four consecutive two-year terms ( 1906 -- 1914 ) and a fifth two-year term ( 1921 -- 23 ) . Perhaps the most emphatic figure of Indian education , he was a man of great personality , high self-respect , courage and towering administrative ability . He became the first student to be awarded a dual degree ( MA in Mathematics and Physics ) from Calcutta University and received the prestigious Premchand-Roychand scholarship .   Mukherjee was responsible for the foundation of the Bengal Technical Institute in 1906 and the College of Science of the Calcutta University in 1914 and also played a vital role in the founding of the University College of Law . The Calcutta Mathematical Society was also founded by Mukherjee in 1908 and he served as the president of the Society from 1908 to 1923 . He was also the president of the inaugural session of the Indian Science Congress in 1914 . The Ashutosh College was also founded under his stewardship in 1916 , when he was Vice-chancellor of University of Calcutta .   Ashutosh Mukherjee was knighted in 1911 for his contributions to education in India . He was often called `` Banglar Bagh '' meaning the `` Tiger of Bengal '' for his high self-esteem , courage , academic integrity and a general intransigent attitude towards the British Government . Sir Ashutosh Mukherjee died in 1924 at Patna , Bihar . His son Syama Prasad Mookerjee founded the Bharatiya Jana Sangh .

neg: Shome Panel The Shome Panel is the panel set up by Dr Manmohan Singh headed by economist Parthasarathi Shome responsible for constituting guidelines for General Anti Avoidance Rules ( GAAR ) . The committee has said that the retrospective application of tax law should happen in the rarest of rare cases and for one of three reasons only : to correct anomalies in the statute , to matters that are clarificatory in nature such as technical/procedural defects that vitiate the substantive law and , lastly , to protect the tax base from abusive tax planning schemes whose main purpose is to avoid tax.The panel has recommend deferring GAAR .   In wide-ranging recommendations aimed at soothing the hackles of investors and revive the inflow of foreign capital , the expert committee on General Anti Avoidance Rules ( GAAR ) , headed by Parthasarathi Shome , has advocated postponement of the controversial tax provision by three years till 2016 -- 17 along with abolition of capital gains tax on transfer of securities .   In a further reassurance to foreign institutional investors ( FIIs ) operating through the Mauritius route , the expert panel has suggested that the GAAR provisions should not be invoked to examine the genuineness of the foreign investor entities ' residency in the island nation .   Threshold of tax benefit   Among its other major recommendations for amendment in the Act , for guidelines to be prescribed under Income-Tax Rules , 1962 , and for clarifications and illustrations through circular , the Shome panel has suggested that GAAR should be made applicable only if the monetary threshold of tax benefit is Rs .3 crore and more .   Alongside , while comments from all stakeholders have been sought by September 15 for drawing up the final guidelines on GAAR , the Finance Ministry has also expanded the terms of reference of the expert panel which was set up by Prime Minister Manmohan Singh in July , mainly to bring about tax clarity and address the concerns of foreign investors . Instead of only FIIs , the panel has been told to look into issues pertaining to all non-resident tax payers .   On the need for postponing implementation of GAAR , the Shome panel in its draft report said : `` The implementation of GAAR may be deferred by three years on administrative grounds . GAAR is an extremely advanced instrument of tax administration -- one of deterrence , rather than for revenue generation -- for which intensive training of tax officers , who would specialise in the finer aspects of international taxation , is needed ... Hence GAAR should be deferred for three years . But the year , 2016 -- 17 , should be announced now . In effect , therefore , GAAR would apply from Assessment Year 2017 -- 18 . Pre-announcement is a common practice internationally , in today ` s global environment of freely flowing capital . ''   Mauritius issue   Of particular concern for FIIs was the Mauritius issue . To address their concerns , the expert panel said that while the provisions of GAAR should not be invoked to `` examine the genuineness of the residency of an entity set up in Mauritius , '' the government should retain the provisions of the CBDT circular issued in the Year 2000 on acceptance of Tax Residence Certificate ( TRC ) issued by Mauritius . `` ... if the government can not accept it ( proposal to abolish capital gains tax on transfer of listed securities ) on political economy grounds , a second best alternative would be to retain ... the Circular accepting Tax Residence Certificate issued by the Mauritius authorities , '' it said .   In this regard , the Shome panel said : `` The government should abolish the tax on gains arising from transfer of listed securities , whether in the nature of capital gains or business income , to both residents as well as non-residents . In order to make the proposal tax neutral , the government may consider to increase the rate of Securities Transaction Tax ( STT ) appropriately . ''   While recommending that GAAR should apply `` only in cases of abusive , contrived and artificial arrangements '' , the Shome panel suggested that the I-T Act may be amended to provide that only arrangements which have the main purpose ( and not one of the main purposes ) of obtaining tax benefit should be covered under GAAR .   Highlighting that the objective of GAAR should be deterrence rather than revenue , the panel has recommended that the Approving Panel ( AP ) for purposes of invoking GAAR provisions should consist of five members , including Chairman , who should be a retired judge of the High Court . Besides , two members should be from outside government and persons of eminence drawn from the fields of accountancy , economics or business , with knowledge of matters of income - tax , and two members should be chief commissioners of income-tax or one Chief Commissioner and one Commissioner .   It also suggested that GAAR can be invoked only with the approval of the Commissioner .

neg: Government of India The Government of India ( GoI ) is the federal government created by the Constitution of India as the legislative , executive and judicial authority of the union of 29 states and seven union territories of a constitutionally sovereign , socialist , secular , democratic republic , constitutionally called the Republic of India . It is located in New Delhi , the capital of India .

neg: List of chief ministers from the Communist Party of India (Marxist) As of August 2013 , eight leaders of the Communist Party of India ( Marxist ) have held the post of chief minister . A chief minister is the head of government of each of the twenty-nine states and two union territories . According to the Constitution of India , at the state-level , the governor is de jure head , but de facto executive authority rests with the chief minister . Following elections to the state legislative assembly , the governor usually invites the party ( or coalition ) with a majority of seats to form the government . The governor appoints the chief minister , whose council of ministers are collectively responsible to the assembly . Given he has the assembly 's confidence , the chief minister 's term is usually for a maximum of five years ; there are no limits to the number of terms he/she can serve .   -- Incumbent chief minister

neg: Prime Minister's Office (India) The Prime Minister 's Office ( PMO ) consists of the immediate staff of the Prime Minister of India , as well as multiple levels of support staff reporting to the Prime Minister . The PMO is headed by the Principal Secretary , currently Nripendra Misra . The PMO was originally called the Prime Minister 's Secretariat until 1977 , when it was renamed during the Morarji Desai administration .   It is part of the Government of India located in the South Block of the Secretariat Building .

neg: Abhijit Mukherjee Abhijit Mukherjee ( born 2 January 1960 ) is an Indian politician who serves as Member of Parliament ( MP ) from the Jangipur Lok Sabha constituency in the Indian state of West Bengal . He is a member of the Indian National Congress ( INC ) .   Mukherjee won the 2012 Jangipur Lok Sabha constituency election by 2,536 votes defeating his nearest CPI ( M ) rival Muzaffar Hussain . The seat was vacated by his father President Pranab Mukherjee after he was elected as the President .   Mukherjee was reelected to Lok Sabha from Jangipur in 2014 .

neg: Reserve Bank of India The Reserve Bank of India ( RBI ) is India 's central banking institution , which controls the monetary policy of the Indian rupee . It commenced its operations on 1 April 1935 during the British Rule in accordance with the provisions of the Reserve Bank of India Act , 1934 . The original share capital was divided into shares of 100 each fully paid , which were initially owned entirely by private shareholders . Following India 's independence on 15 August 1947 , the RBI was nationalised on 1 January 1949 .   The RBI plays an important part in the Development Strategy of the Government of India . It is a member bank of the Asian Clearing Union . The general superintendence and direction of the RBI is entrusted with the 21-member Central Board of Directors : the Governor , 4 Deputy Governors , 2 Finance Ministry representatives , 10 government-nominated directors to represent important elements of India 's economy , and 4 directors to represent local boards headquartered at Mumbai , Kolkata , Chennai and New Delhi . Each of these local boards consists of 5 members who represent regional interests , the interests of co-operative and indigenous banks .   A Central Bank is an independent apex monetary authority which regulates banks and provides important financial services like storing of foreign exchange reserves , control of inflation , monetary policy report . A Central Bank is known by different names in different countries . The functions of a Central Bank vary from country to country and are autonomous or quasi-autonomous body and perform or through another agency vital monetary functions in the country . A central bank is a vital financial apex institution of an economy and the key objects of central banks may differ from country to country still they perform activities and functions with the goal of maintaining economic stability and growth of an economy .   The bank is also active in promoting financial inclusion policy and is a leading member of the Alliance for Financial Inclusion ( AFI ) .   The bank is often referred to by the name Mint Street .

neg: People's Committee of Siam The People 's Committee of Siam , was the first constitutional Cabinet of Siam ( now Thailand ) or ( คณะรัฐมนตรีคณะที่ 1 ของไทย ) . After the Revolution of 1932 , and promulgation of the ` Temporary ' Constitution , Phraya Manopakorn Nititada ( a civil servant and former Minister of Justice ) was appointed the first President of the People 's Committee - in essence Prime Minister . However he was not allowed to appoint the members of the Cabinet as the Khana Ratsadon , the revolutionary party , has already decided to do that themselves .   Out of the fifteen members 10 are from the Khana Ratsadon ; out of the 7 `` Promoters '' 5 are in the committee . The committee did not present any policies to the National Assembly , but decided to govern the country in accordance with the 6 Principles . The committee was active from 28 June 1932 to 10 December 1932 . The committee ended with the signing and promulgation of the ` Permanent ' Constitution of 1932 , most members returned for the second Cabinet .

neg: 2012 British cabinet reshuffle British prime minister David Cameron conducted the first major reshuffle of his coalition government on 4 September 2012 . The reshuffle , nearly two and a half years after the government was sworn in , was highly anticipated , and eschewed the trend of annual reshuffles which had become common under the governments of the 1990s and 2000s . As a result , many ministers had been in place not just since the government was elected in 2010 , but had covered the portfolio in Cameron 's shadow cabinet or even earlier ; Andrew Lansley had covered the health brief since 2004 , when Michael Howard led the Conservatives in opposition .   Despite this , Cameron 's room to manoeuvre was limited by his coalition agreement with Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg 's Liberal Democrats , which guaranteed the minority party seats in government , and Clegg the right to select his ministers . Further , Cameron 's personal aversion to reshuffles and belief that ministers were most effective when given time at a department led to him viewing many cabinet members , including the holders of the Great Offices of State , as immovable .   The reshuffle , which was criticised by the opposition for resulting in a cabinet with only four female members out of twenty-two , ultimately shifted Cameron 's government significantly to the right on business , justice , and the environment , and rid the government of perceived weaknesses , while maintaining stability at the top . In an official statement , Number 10 stated that the impetus for the reshuffle was the fact that after more than two years , the government was `` at the delivery phase '' and that ministers had `` been appointed with that in mind '' .

neg: Backward Regions Grant Fund The Backward Regions Grant Fund ( BRGF ) is an Indian government program designed to `` address regional imbalances in development . '' The programme was launched by Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh at Barpeta , Assam on 19 February 2007 .   The BRGF Programme covers 250 districts in 27 States , of which 232 districts fall under the purview of Parts IX and IX-A of the Constitution dealing with the Panchayats and the Municipalities , respectively . The remaining 18 districts are covered by other local government structures , such as Autonomous District and Regional Councils under the Sixth Schedule of the Constitution and state specific arrangements as in the case of Nagaland and the hill areas of Manipur .   The program calls for each district to undertake a study to determine the district 's problems and then create a plan to address those problems . The program was funded with 19.25 billion rupees in 2006 -- 2007 .

neg: Deputy Chief Minister of Delhi The Deputy Chief Minister of Delhi is the deputy chief executive of the National Capital Territory of Delhi in north India . According to the Constitution of India , the lieutenant governor is Delhi 's de jure head , but de facto executive authority rests with its chief minister . Following elections to the Delhi Legislative Assembly , the lieutenant governor usually invites the party with a majority of seats to form the government . The President of India , on the advice of the lieutenant governor , appoints the chief minister , whose council of ministers are collectively responsible to the assembly .

neg: 12th Five-Year Plan (India) 12th Five Year Plan of the Government of India ( 2012 -- 17 ) aims at one direction will help in doing so  the growth rate at 8 % .   With the deteriorating global situation , the Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission Mr Montek Singh Ahluwalia has said that achieving an average growth rate of 9 per cent in the next five years is not possible . The final growth target has been set at 9 % by the endorsement of plan at the National Development Council ( NDC ) meeting held in New Delhi .   `` It is not possible to think of an average of 9 per cent ( in 12th Plan ) . I think somewhere between 8 and 8.5 per cent is feasible '' , Mr Ahluwalia said on the sidelines of a conference of State Planning Boards and departments . The approached paper for the 12th Plan , approved last year , talked about an annual average growth rate of 9 per cent .   `` When I say feasible ... that will require major effort . If you do n't do that , there is no God given right to grow at 8 per cent . I think given that the world economy deteriorated very sharply over the last year ... the growth rate in the first year of the 12th Plan ( 2012-13 ) is 6.5 to 7 per cent . ''   He also indicated that soon he would share his views with other members of the Commission to choose a final number ( economic growth target ) to put before the country 's NDC for its approval .   Though the 12th Plan has taken off , it is yet to be formally approved . The Planning Commission set a deadline of September for taking the approval of the NDC . The council is expected to meet after July , subject to the convenience of the Prime Minister . It is mainly focused on health . The status of the 12th Plan is in question due to the dissolution of the Planning Commission .

neg: Pollution of the Ganges Pollution of the Ganges ( or Ganga ) , the largest river in India , poses significant threats to human health and the larger environment . Severely polluted with human waste and industrial contaminants , the river provides water to about 40 % of India 's population across 11 states , serving an estimated population of 500 million people or more , more than any other river in the world .   Today , Ganges is considered to be the fifth most polluted river in the world . Raghubir Singh has noted that no one in India spoke of the Ganges as polluted until the late 1970s . However , pollution has been an old and continuous process in the river as by the time people were finally speaking of the Ganges as polluted , stretches of over six hundred kilometers were essentially ecologically dead zones .   A number of initiatives have been undertaken to clean the river but failed to deliver desired results . After getting elected , India 's Prime minister Narendra Modi affirmed to work in cleaning the river and controlling pollution . Subsequently , the Namami Ganga project was announced by the government in the July 2014 budget . An estimated Rs 2,958 Crores have been spent till July 2016 in various efforts in cleaning up of the river .

neg: Prime Minister of India The Prime Minister of India ( Hindi : भारत के प्रधानमन्त्री , Bhārat kē Pradhānamantrī ) is the head of government and leader of the executive branch of the Government of India . The Prime Minister is also the chief adviser to the President of India and head of the Council of Ministers . They can be a member of any of the two houses of Parliament ( the Lok Sabha or the Rajya Sabha ) , but has to be the leader of the political party , having a majority in the Lok Sabha .   The Prime Minister is the senior member of cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system . The Prime Minister selects and can dismiss other members of the cabinet ; allocates posts to members within the Government ; is the presiding member and chairman of the cabinet .   The federal or union cabinet headed by the Prime Minister is appointed by the President of India to assist the latter in the administration of the affairs of the executive . Union cabinet is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha as per Article 75 ( 3 ) . The Prime Minister shall always enjoy the confidence of Lok Sabha and shall resign if they are unable to prove majority when instructed by the President .

neg: Karnataka Legislative Assembly The Karnataka Legislative Assembly is the lower house of the bicameral legislature of Karnataka state in southern India . Karnataka is one of the seven states in India , where the state legislature is bicameral , comprising two houses . The two houses are the Vidhana Sabha ( lower house ) and the Vidhana Parishat ( upper house ) .   The members of the Vidhana Sabha are directly elected by people through adult franchise . The members of the Vidhana Parishat are elected indirectly by members of local bodies , teachers and graduates .   There are 75 members of the Vidhana Parishat . Members of the Vidhana Parishat or Legislative Council normally have a term of six years , and are generally known as MLCs .   There are 224 members of the Vidhana Sabha or the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka state . One member is a representative of the Anglo-Indian community nominated by the Governor of Karnataka . The state of Karnataka is divided into 225 constituencies used to elect the Legislative assembly .   Each constituency elects one member of the assembly . Members are popularly known as MLAs . The assembly is elected using the simple plurality or `` first past the post '' electoral system . The elections are conducted by the Election Commission of India .   The normal term of the members lasts for five years . In case of death , resignation or disqualification of a member , a by-election is conducted for constituency represented by the member . The party which wins the most seats becomes the ruling party .   In the 2013 elections , the Indian National Congress ( INC ) won a majority of seats , with 122 out of 224 MLAs . On 10 May 2013 , K. Siddaramaiah was chosen as Chief Minister and CLP leader by the MLAs . He was sworn in on 13 May 2013 .