query: The Sopranos is a show.

pos: The Sopranos The Sopranos is an American crime drama television series created by David Chase . The story revolves around the fictional character , New Jersey-based Italian American mobster Tony Soprano ( James Gandolfini ) . The series portrays the difficulties he faces as he tries to balance the conflicting requirements of his home life and his criminal organization . These are often highlighted during his therapy sessions with psychiatrist Jennifer Melfi ( Lorraine Bracco ) . The series features Tony 's family members , mafia colleagues and rivals , in prominent roles and story arcs , most notably his wife Carmela ( Edie Falco ) and protégé Christopher Moltisanti ( Michael Imperioli ) .   After the pilot was ordered in 1997 , the show premiered on the premium cable network HBO in the United States on January 10 , 1999 , and ran its six seasons with 86 episodes to June 10 , 2007 . The series then went through syndication and has been broadcast on A&E in the United States and internationally . The Sopranos was produced by HBO , Chase Films , and Brad Grey Television . It was primarily filmed at Silvercup Studios , New York City , and on location in New Jersey . The executive producers throughout the show 's run were David Chase , Brad Grey , Robin Green , Mitchell Burgess , Ilene S. Landress , Terence Winter , and Matthew Weiner .   The Sopranos is widely regarded as one of the greatest television series of all time . The series also won a multitude of awards , including Peabody Awards for its first two seasons , 21 Primetime Emmy Awards and five Golden Globe Awards . A staple of 2000s American popular culture , the series has been the subject of critical analysis , controversy , and parody . It has spawned books , a video game , high-charting soundtrack albums , and a large amount of assorted merchandise . Several members of the show 's cast and crew who were previously largely unknown to the public have had successful careers after The Sopranos . In 2013 , the Writers Guild of America named The Sopranos the best-written TV series of all time , while TV Guide ranked it the best television series of all time .

pos: Broadcast syndication Broadcasting syndication is the licensing of the right to broadcast television programs and radio programs by multiple television stations and radio stations , without going through a broadcast network . It is common in the United States where broadcast programming is scheduled by television networks with local independent affiliates . Syndication is less of a practice in the rest of the world , as most countries have centralized networks or television stations without local affiliates ; although less common , shows can be syndicated internationally . The three main types of syndication are `` first-run syndication '' , which is programming that is broadcast for the first time as a syndicated show and is made specifically to sell directly into syndication ; `` off-network syndication '' , which is the licensing of a program that was originally run on network TV or , in some cases , first-run syndication ( colloquially called a `` rerun '' ) ; and `` public broadcasting syndication '' .

pos: List of awards and nominations received by The Sopranos The Sopranos is an American crime drama television series created by David Chase that aired on the premium cable network HBO between 1999 and 2007 , won and was nominated for a variety of different awards . The show won 21 Primetime Emmy Awards in 111 nominations . The series was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Drama Series seven times , in every year eligible , winning in 2004 ( as the first series on a cable network to do so ) and 2007 . It also won five Golden Globe Awards in 23 nominations , including a win for Best Drama Series for its first season in 2000 . The series was honored with two consecutive Peabody Awards in 2000 and 2001 , and also won several major guild awards for its actors , directors , producers , and writers .   Additionally , because of the long hiatuses between certain seasons , the series was intermittently ineligible for awards .   Lead actor James Gandolfini and lead actress Edie Falco received the most nominations and wins of the ensemble cast , including three wins each for the Primetime Emmy Award , in their respective categories ; as well as Falco winning the Golden Globe Award in 2000 and 2003 , and Gandolfini winning in 2000 . David Chase also received numerous accolades for his work on the series as a director , producer and writer , including the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing for a Drama Series on three separate occasions .

neg: Selected Shorts Selected Shorts is an event at New York 's Symphony Space on the Upper West Side , in which screen and stage actors read classic and new short fiction before a live audience . The stage show began in 1985 and continues today at Symphony Space 's Peter Jay Sharp Theater .   The annual season of the live events at Symphony Space begins in the mid-fall and ends in mid-spring . There is a theme to each Selected Shorts episode and performance . Several stories are presented around each theme . The stories are always fiction , sometimes classic , sometimes new , always performed by actors from stage , screen and television who bring these short stories to life . Evenings are often co-hosted by writers , literary producers , and other interesting characters . Symphony Space 's Artistic Director Isaiah Sheffer formerly hosted the live events , although many Selected Shorts also feature guest hosts , often well-known writers , who also choose which stories will be read . Mr. Sheffer died on November 9 , 2012 at age 76 . Actor BD Wong acts as the host of the live events since the fall of 2012 .   The readings are recorded live and become the basis of a one-hour radio program , hosted by actors , authors , and entertainers such as David Sedaris , Stephen Colbert , Cynthia Nixon , Wyatt Cenac , and Jane Kaczmarek , with literary commentator Hannah Tinti of One Story Magazine , and are produced in conjunction with WNYC . The programs are distributed by Public Radio International and air on PRI-affiliated public radio stations in the United States . The radio program airs weekly throughout the year .   Originally , the program was distributed by National Public Radio . However , in October 2007 , it moved its distribution to PRI , Public Radio International .   The program 's theme is David Peterson 's `` That 's the Deal , '' performed by the Deardorf/Peterson group . Until 2011 , the radio show began and ended with the piano and cello duet `` Come to the Meadow '' by Roger Kellaway .

neg: Dexter (season 1) The first season of Dexter is an adaptation of Jeff Lindsay 's first novel in the Dexter series , Darkly Dreaming Dexter . Subsequent seasons have featured original storylines . This season aired from October 1 , 2006 to December 17 , 2006 , and follows Dexter 's investigation of `` The Ice Truck Killer '' . Introduced in the first episode , `` Dexter '' , this serial killer targets prostitutes and leaves their bodies severed and bloodless . At the same time , Dexter 's foster sister , Debra Morgan ( Jennifer Carpenter ) , a vice squad officer , aspires to work in the homicide department , and Dexter 's girlfriend , Rita Bennett ( Julie Benz ) , wants their relationship to be more intimate . Christian Camargo appears as Rudy Cooper and is a recurring character until the end of the season .   The show 's first season received generally favorable reviews from critics ; it was praised as `` bold , different and exciting , with a central character and performance that take your breath away '' by the New York Daily News . The Wall Street Journal saw `` the grotesqueries of Dexter '' as `` not something that can easily be dismissed with the old '' ` you do n't have to watch ' line '' , and concluded that `` We do have to live among the viewers who will be desensitized , or aroused , by this show '' . The aggregate site Metacritic scored the show 's first season at 77 out of 100 based on 27 critics reviews .   The season received high ratings for Showtime ; the pilot episode attracted more than a million viewers , giving the channel its highest ratings in nearly two years , while the finale `` Born Free '' drew an audience of 1.1 million viewers in the U.S. On average , the season was watched by two million viewers per episode during its original run when factoring in DVR viewers . Due to the 2007 -- 2008 Writers Guild strike and encouraged by the show 's critical success and high ratings on Showtime , CBS , a national terrestrial broadcast network , announced in December 2007 that it was considering airing an edited version of the first season of Dexter for free-to-air broadcast . It began to broadcast it on February 17 , 2008 , and thus , Dexter became the first program in 20 years to air on a broadcast network after being shown on a premium cable channel . During the show 's rerun on the CBS network in 2008 , the ratings were much higher , reaching 8.2 million viewers during its premiere February , giving the network its best rating in the 10 p.m. timeslot since December the previous year . During its 12-week run , it dropped to 7.1 million in early April , and to 6.6 million during the season 's finale on May 6 .

neg: Woke Up This Morning `` Woke Up This Morning '' is a song by English band Alabama 3 from their 1997 album Exile on Coldharbour Lane . The song is best known as the opening theme music for The Sopranos , which used the `` Chosen One Mix '' of the song .

neg: Sesame Street Sesame Street is a long-running American children 's television series , produced by Sesame Workshop ( formerly known as the Children 's Television Workshop ) and created by Joan Ganz Cooney and Lloyd Morrisett . The program is known for its educational content , and images communicated through the use of Jim Henson 's Muppets , animation , short films , humor , and cultural references . The series premiered on November 10 , 1969 , to positive reviews , some controversy , and high viewership ; it has aired on the U.S. 's national public television provider ( PBS ) since its debut , with its first run moving to premium channel HBO on January 16 , 2016 .   The show has undergone significant changes throughout its history . The format of Sesame Street consists of a combination of commercial television production elements and techniques which have evolved to reflect the changes in American culture and the audience 's viewing habits . With the creation of Sesame Street , producers and writers of a children 's television show used , for the first time , educational goals and a curriculum to shape its content . It was also the first time a show 's educational effects were studied .   Shortly after creating Sesame Street , its producers developed what came to be called the `` CTW model '' ( after the production company 's previous name ) , a system of television show planning , production , and evaluation based on collaborations between producers , writers , educators , and researchers . The show was initially funded by government and private foundations but has become somewhat self-supporting due to revenues from licensing arrangements , international sales , and other media . By 2006 , there were independently produced versions , or `` co-productions '' , of Sesame Street broadcast in twenty countries . In 2001 there were over 120 million viewers of various international versions of Sesame Street , and by the show 's 40th anniversary in 2009 , it was broadcast in more than 140 countries .   By its 40th anniversary in 2009 , Sesame Street was the fifteenth-highest-rated children 's television show in the United States . A 1996 survey found that 95 % of all American preschoolers had watched the show by the time they were three years old . In 2008 , it was estimated that 77 million Americans had watched the series as children . As of 2014 , Sesame Street has won 167 Emmy Awards and 8 Grammy Awards -- more than any other children 's show .

neg: New York Emmy Awards The New York Emmy Awards are a division of the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences honoring those in television and advanced media in the tri-state New York-New Jersey-Connecticut and New York State . The division was founded in 1955 and in addition to granting the New York Emmy Awards , the chapter also recognizes awards scholarships , honors industry veterans at the Silver Circle Celebration , has a free research and a nationwide job bank . The chapter also participates in judging Emmy entries at the regional and national levels .

neg: C soprano saxophone The C soprano saxophone is a member of the saxophone family . It closely resembles the more common B soprano saxophone but is pitched a tone higher . Unlike other saxophones ( exception : the C melody saxophone ) , it is not a transposing instrument . The C soprano has a very similar range to the oboe .   In the early 20th century , the C soprano was marketed to those who wished to perform oboe parts in military band , vaudeville arrangements , or church hymnals . C sopranos are the same shape as B sopranos and differ in length by only around 3 centimeters . C soprano saxophones usually have a `` C '' stamped on them , close to the serial number . The same companies that made C melody instruments manufactured C soprano saxophones ( e.g. Conn ) . As with C melody instruments , production of C sopranos commenced circa 1919 and ended around 1929 . Recently , a New Zealand company , AquilaSax made C soprano saxophones , but production stopped in the mid-2010s .

neg: Squillo Squillo is a technical term for the resonant , trumpet-like sound in the voices of opera singers . It is also commonly called `` singer 's formant '' , `` ring '' , `` ping '' , `` core '' , and other terms . Squillo enables an essentially lyric tone to be heard over thick orchestrations , e.g. in late Verdi , Puccini and Strauss operas . Achieving a proper amount of squillo in any performing context is imperative : too much and the tone veers towards the shrill ; too little and the purpose of the squillo can not be achieved .   Squillo is easily recognizable by a distinctive brilliant , ringing quality in the timbre of the voice . This perception is caused by the presence of a peak in the 2 - 5 kHz frequency range , to which the human ear is particularly sensitive . The amplification of these particular harmonics is believed to be a result of a narrowing of the Aryepiglottic fold just above the larynx . Voices with naturally acquired squillo , i.e. having naturally strong higher formants , are especially prized in opera because they allow a singer to maintain certain lyric qualities e.g. limpid high notes , and consistency of tone throughout the range etc. even in dramatic singing . Voices with squillo are also easier to record .   Uses of the squillo includes :  projecting a small timbre e.g. Alfredo Kraus , Juan Diego Flórez  underscoring a dramatically important passage e.g. No , non voglio morir in Sola , perduta abbandonata from Puccini 's Manon Lescaut  singing through a thickly textured orchestration , e.g. the final bars of Libera me from Verdi 's Requiem , in which a soprano has to compete against a tutti orchestra and full chorus  supporting a pianissimo note floated over an orchestra ( which also demands a secure breath control ) e.g. Montserrat Caballé  supporting a long trill  simulating a scream without compromising the timbre , especially in a verismic opera ; however it is not unheard that a bona fide scream be used in operatic setting , e.g. Tosca 's final jump in Tosca  giving an impression of ` youth ' to an aged voice , mainly via a cultivation of the head register , ref . Section IX Meine Gesangskunst , by Lilli Lehmann ; best exemplified vocally by Mirella Freni   Famous singers who personify this technique include Leontyne Price , Mariella Devia , Renata Tebaldi , Giuseppe di Stefano , Jussi Björling and Luciano Pavarotti . Certain dramatic singers may also employ squillo as opposed to volume over the course of a performance , for example Birgit Nilsson .   Squillo may also refer , in current Italian :  when the grammatical gender is masculine ( uno squillo ) word for `` ring '' ( as in `` telephone ring '' ) , currently a slang term for missed call  to form a verb a word `` squillare '' which means `` to ring '' or `` to blare ''

neg: Dramatic soprano A dramatic soprano is a type of operatic soprano with a powerful , rich , emotive voice that can sing over , or cut through , a full orchestra . Thicker vocal folds in dramatic voices usually ( but not always ) mean less agility than lighter voices but a sustained , fuller sound . Usually this voice has a lower tessitura than other sopranos , and a darker timbre . They are often used for heroic , often long-suffering , tragic women of opera . Dramatic sopranos have a range from approximately low A ( A3 ) to `` high C '' ( C6 ) . Some dramatic sopranos , known as Wagnerian sopranos , have an exceptionally big voice that can assert itself over a large orchestra ( of more than 80 or even 100 pieces ) . These voices are substantial , often denser in tone , extremely powerful and , ideally , evenly balanced throughout the vocal registers . Wagnerian sopranos usually play mythic heroines . Successful Wagnerian sopranos are rare and often Wagnerian roles are performed by Italianate dramatic sopranos .

neg: The Harlem School of the Arts Harlem School of the Arts ( HSA ) in Harlem , New York was founded in 1964 by soprano Dorothy Maynor , and offers its programs to students of all ages . Mezzo-soprano Betty Allen succeeded Maynor as President in 1979 when a new 37,000 square foot facility designed by Ulrich Franzen was completed . Other Presidents include Allicia Adams , Camille Akjeu , and Daryl Durham . In August 2015 , new President and CEO , Eric G. Pryor , was named .   According to its website , the mission of the Harlem School of the Arts is `` to enrich the lives of children and their families in the Harlem community and beyond , through exposure to and instruction in the arts . '' In 2005 , the school was among 406 New York City arts and social service institutions to receive part of a $ 20 million grant from the Carnegie Corporation , which was made possible through a donation by New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg .   Harlem School of the Arts was able to weather the financial crisis experienced in 2010 , and stabilize its fiscal position due to a generous gift of 6 million dollars from the Herb Alpert Foundation . Now HSA stands poise to implement sustainable business model , under the leadership of Board Chairman Charles J. Hamilton , Jr. , Esq. , Vice Chair Janice Savin Williams , and newly appointed President , Eric G. Pryor . This notable performing arts institution celebrated its 50th anniversary in 2015 .   The school offers courses in four disciplines ; music , theatre , visual arts , and dance . Courses in music include classical , jazz , gospel , R & B , electronic and world music . Dance courses including ballet , modern , ethnic , jazz , and tap dance . In addition to theater classes , the visual art department offers courses which include sculpture , and photography ( digital and film ) .   The school 's students are of diverse cultural backgrounds , and tuition is relatively inexpensive in contrast to similar educational institutions in the United States . HSA provides financial aid on a first-come , first-served basis through the generous donations on the Herb Alpert Foundation and other generous benefactors .

neg: Sesame Street research In 1969 , the children 's television show Sesame Street premiered on the National Educational Television network ( later succeeded by PBS ) in the United States . Unlike earlier children 's programming , the show 's producers used research and over 1,000 studies and experiments to create the show and test its impact on its young viewers ' learning . By the end of the program 's first season , the organization founded to oversee Sesame Street production , Children 's Television Workshop ( CTW ) , had developed what came to be called `` the CTW model '' : a system of planning , production , and evaluation that combined the expertise of researchers and early childhood educators with that of the program 's writers , producers , and directors .   CTW conducted research in two ways : in-house formative research that informed and improved production , and independent summative evaluations conducted by the Educational Testing Service ( ETS ) during the show 's first two seasons to measure the program 's educational effectiveness . CTW researchers invented tools to measure young viewers ' attention to the program . Based on these findings , the researchers compiled a body of data and the producers changed the show accordingly . The formative research on Sesame Street was the first time children 's television viewing was studied scientifically .   Summative research conducted over the years , including two landmark evaluations in 1970 and 1971 , demonstrated that viewing the program had positive effects on young viewers ' learning , school readiness , and social skills . Subsequent studies have replicated these findings , such as the effect of the show in countries outside of the US , several longitudinal studies , the effects of war and natural disasters on young children , and studies about how the show affected viewers ' cognition . As CTW researcher Gerald S. Lesser stated in 1974 , early tests conducted on the show ( both formative and summative ) `` suggested that Sesame Street was making strides towards teaching what it had set out to teach '' .

neg: Procedural drama A procedural drama is a genre of television programming which focuses on how crimes are solved or some other aspect of a law enforcement agency , legislative body , or court of law . Some dramas include a lab or conference room with high-tech or state-of-the-art equipment where the main characters meet to work out the problem . Shows usually have an episodic format that does not require the viewer to have seen previous episodes . Episodes typically have a self-contained , also referred to as stand-alone , plot that is introduced and resolved within the same episode .   The procedural format is popular around the world . In 2011 , the director of a TV consultancy said , `` The continuing trend is for procedurals because they use a predictable structure . '' Due to their stand-alone episodic nature , they are more accessible to new viewers than serials . Self-contained episodes also make it easier for viewers to return to a show if they have missed some episodes . In general , procedural dramas can usually be re-run with little concern for episode order .   Procedurals are often criticized for being formulaic . Procedurals are also generally less character-driven than serialized shows . However , some procedurals have more character emphasis than is typical of the format . Some may occasionally feature a storyline stretching over several episodes .   A popular variant is the police procedural .

neg: Empire (2015 TV series) Empire is an American musical drama television series created by Lee Daniels and Danny Strong which debuted on January 7 , 2015 on Fox . Although it is filmed in Chicago , the show is set in New York . It centers on a fictional hip hop music and entertainment company , Empire Entertainment , and the drama among the members of the founders ' family as they fight for control of it .   On January 15 , 2016 , the series was renewed for a third season , which premiered on September 21 , 2016 . On January 11 , 2017 , Fox renewed the series for a fourth season , consisting of eighteen episodes .

neg: David Chase David Chase ( born August 22 , 1945 ) is an American writer , director and television producer . Chase has worked in television for 40 years ; he has produced and written for such shows as The Rockford Files , I 'll Fly Away , and Northern Exposure . He has created two original series ; the first , Almost Grown , aired for 10 episodes in 1988 and 1989 . Chase is best known for his second original series , the influential and critically acclaimed HBO drama The Sopranos , which aired for six seasons between 1999 and 2007 . A prominent figure in American television , Chase has won seven Emmy Awards .

neg: Mitchell Burgess Mitchell Burgess is an American writer and producer . He was the writer and an executive producer on The Sopranos . He was a creator and executive producer for Blue Bloods . He frequently works with his wife Robin Green .

neg: Teen drama A teen drama is a genre or type of drama series with a major focus on teenage and young adult characters . It came into prominence in the early 1990s , especially with the popularity of the Fox series Beverly Hills , 90210 . After 90210 became a success , television writers and producers realized the potential for this new genre to reach out to a previously ignored demographic . In the past , most series that maintained a focus on teenagers had been sitcoms , while adolescents in drama series were usually part of a larger ensemble that included adults and children .   More often than not , teen dramas have soap opera elements , incorporating one or more ongoing story arcs spanning several episodes . The young characters must deal with the dramatic ups and downs of their friendships and romances while facing an array of issues thought to be typical of adolescence . There have also been many successful teen-based series with major science fiction , fantasy and action/adventure themes .

neg: ER (TV series) ER is an American medical drama television series created by novelist and medical doctor Michael Crichton that aired on NBC from September 19 , 1994 , to April 2 , 2009 , with a total of 331 episodes spanning over 15 seasons . It was produced by Constant c Productions and Amblin Television , in association with Warner Bros. . Television . ER follows the inner life of the emergency room ( ER ) of fictional County General Hospital in Chicago , Illinois , and various critical issues faced by the room 's physicians and staff . The show became the longest-running primetime medical drama in American television history . It won 23 Primetime Emmy Awards , including the 1996 Outstanding Drama Series award , and received 124 Emmy nominations , which makes it the most nominated drama program in history . ER won 116 awards in total , including the Peabody Award , while the cast earned four Screen Actors Guild Awards for Outstanding Ensemble Performance in a Drama Series .

neg: List of Saturday Night Live episodes Saturday Night Live ( SNL ) is a late-night sketch comedy and variety show created by Lorne Michaels . It premiered on NBC , a terrestrial television network , on October 11 , 1975 under the title NBC 's Saturday Night . The show often satirizes contemporary American popular culture and politics . Saturday Night Live features a two-tiered cast : the repertory members , also known as the `` Not Ready for Prime-Time Players , '' and newer cast members , known as `` Featured Players . '' Each week , the show features a host , often a well-known celebrity , who delivers an opening monologue and performs in sketches with the cast . A musical guest is also invited to perform several sets ( usually two , and occasionally more ) . Every so often a host or musical guest will fill both roles , such as was the case with Britney Spears in 2000 and 2002 , Jennifer Lopez in 2001 and 2010 , Justin Timberlake in 2003 , 2006 and 2013 , Taylor Swift in 2009 , Bruno Mars in 2012 , Lady Gaga in 2013 , Miley Cyrus in 2013 and 2015 , Drake in 2014 and 2016 , Blake Shelton in 2015 , and Ariana Grande in 2016 . With the exception of Season 7 and several other rare cases , the show has begun with a cold open that ends with someone breaking character and proclaiming `` Live from New York , it 's Saturday Night ! ''   Saturday Night Live is one of the longest running network programs in American television history , with over 800 episodes broadcast over the span of 42 seasons . A number of the show 's sketches have been developed into feature films , including The Blues Brothers , Wayne 's World , A Night at the Roxbury , Superstar , Coneheads , and MacGruber .   Seasons 1 through 5 are available on DVD in Region 1 . Various Saturday Night Live sketches are available in several new media formats , including streaming on Hulu and Netflix . Selected sketches and segments are also available for purchase at the iTunes Store to download and playback on home computers and certain iPod and iPhone models .

neg: Pilot (Glee) `` Pilot '' is the pilot episode of the American television series Glee , which premiered on the Fox network on May 19 , 2009 . An extended director 's cut version aired on September 2 , 2009 . The show focuses on a high school show choir , also known as a glee club , set within the fictional William McKinley High School in Lima , Ohio . The pilot episode covers the formation of the club and introduces the main characters . The episode was directed by series creator Ryan Murphy , and written by Murphy , Brad Falchuk and Ian Brennan . Murphy selected the music featured in the episode , with the intention of maintaining a balance between showtunes and chart hits .   The episode achieved 9.619 million viewers on first broadcast , and 4.2 million when the director 's cut version aired . Critical response was mixed , with The New York Times Alessandra Stanley highlighting the episode 's unoriginality and stereotyped characters , but praising the showmanship and talent of the cast . The Daily News David Hinckley opined that the show was imperfect and implausible but `` potentially heartwarming , '' while USA Today Robert Bianco noted casting and tone problems , but commented positively on the show 's humor and musical performances . Mary McNamara for the LA Times wrote that the show had a wide audience appeal , calling it : `` the first show in a long time that 's just plain full-throttle , no-guilty-pleasure-rationalizations-necessary fun . ''

neg: Tony Blundetto Anthony `` Tony '' Blundetto , played by Steve Buscemi , is a fictional character on the HBO TV series The Sopranos . He is Tony Soprano 's cousin who is released from prison at the beginning of the show 's fifth season . Upon release , Tony Blundetto begins to pursue a straight , non-criminal life . However , he is eventually overpowered by the challenges of civilian life and turns back to crime , dragging the DiMeo Crime Family into the Lupertazzi Crime Family 's power struggle .   For his work in season 5 , Buscemi received critical acclaim and was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series .

neg: Aida Turturro Aida Turturro ( Ah-ee-da Toor-toor-ro ; born September 25 , 1962 ) is an American actress best known for playing Janice Soprano , sister of New Jersey mob boss Tony Soprano , on the HBO TV series The Sopranos ( 1999 -- 2007 ) .


query: Spider-Man was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Song.

pos: Spider-Man (2002 film) Spider-Man is a 2002 American superhero film directed by Sam Raimi . Based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name , the film stars Tobey Maguire as Peter Parker , a high school student living in New York City , who turns to crimefighting after developing spider-like super powers . Spider-Man also stars Kirsten Dunst as Peter 's love interest Mary Jane Watson , Willem Dafoe as Norman Osborn/Green Goblin , Rosemary Harris and Cliff Robertson as Aunt May and Uncle Ben , and James Franco as his best friend Harry Osborn .   After progress on the film stalled for nearly 25 years , it was licensed for a worldwide release by Sony Pictures Entertainment in 1999 after it acquired options from MGM on all previous scripts developed by Cannon Films , Carolco and New Cannon . Exercising its option on just two elements from the multi-script acquisition ( a different screenplay was written by James Cameron , Ted Newsom , John Brancato , Barney Cohen and `` Joseph Goldman '' ) , Sony hired David Koepp to create a working screenplay ( credited as Cameron 's ) , and Koepp received sole credit in final billing . Directors Roland Emmerich , Ang Lee , Chris Columbus , Jan de Bont , M. Night Shyamalan , Tony Scott and David Fincher were considered to direct the project before Raimi was hired as director in 2000 . The Koepp script was rewritten by Scott Rosenberg during preproduction and received a dialogue polish from Alvin Sargent during production .   Filming took place in Los Angeles , and New York City from January 8 to June 30 , 2001 . Spider-Man premiered in the Philippines on April 30 , 2002 , and had its general release in the United States on May 3 , 2002 . It became a critical and financial success . At the time , it was the only film to reach $ 100 million in its first weekend , had the largest opening weekend gross of all time , and was the most successful film based on a comic book . With $ 821.7 million worldwide , it was 2002 's third-highest-grossing film and is the 56th-highest-grossing film of all time ( seventh at the time of release ) . The film was nominated at the 75th Academy Awards ceremony for Best Visual Effects and Best Sound Mixing . Due to the success of the film , Columbia Pictures and Marvel released two sequels , Spider-Man 2 in 2004 , and Spider-Man 3 in 2007 .

neg: Que Sera, Sera (Whatever Will Be, Will Be) `` Que Sera , Sera ( Whatever Will Be , Will Be ) '' , first published in 1956 , is a popular song written by the Jay Livingston and Ray Evans songwriting team . The song was introduced in the Alfred Hitchcock film The Man Who Knew Too Much ( 1956 ) , starring Doris Day and James Stewart in the lead roles .   Day 's recording of the song for Columbia Records ( catalog number 40704 ) made it to number two on the Billboard Hot 100 and number one in the UK Singles Chart . From 1968 to 1973 , it was the theme song for the sitcom The Doris Day Show , becoming her signature song . The three verses of the song progress through the life of the narrator -- from childhood , through young adulthood and falling in love , to parenthood -- and each asks `` What will I be ? '' or `` What lies ahead ? '' The chorus repeats the answer : `` What will be , will be . '' It reached the Billboard magazine charts in July 1956 . The song received the 1956 Academy Award for Best Original Song with the alternative title `` Whatever Will Be , Will Be ( Que Sera , Sera ) '' . It was the third Oscar in this category for Livingston and Evans , who previously won in 1948 and 1950 . In 2004 it finished at # 48 in AFI 's 100 Years ... 100 Songs survey of top tunes in American cinema .   The title sequence of the Hitchcock film gives the song title as `` Whatever Will Be '' . It was a # 1 hit in Australia for pop singer Normie Rowe in September 1965 .

neg: Things Have Changed `` Things Have Changed '' is a song from the film Wonder Boys , written and performed by Bob Dylan and released as a single on May 1 , 2000 and won both the Academy Award for Best Original Song and the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song .

neg: The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars ( often shortened to Ziggy Stardust ) is the fifth studio album by English musician David Bowie , released on 16 June 1972 . It is a concept album telling the story of a fictional rock star named Ziggy Stardust . It peaked at No. 5 in the United Kingdom on the UK Albums Chart and No. 75 in the United States on the Billboard 200 , then improved to a No. 21 position in the wake of Bowie 's death .   The album tells the story of Bowie 's alter ego Ziggy Stardust , a rock star who acts as a messenger for extraterrestrial beings . Bowie created Ziggy Stardust while in New York City promoting Hunky Dory and performed as him on a tour of the United Kingdom , Japan and North America . The album , and the character of Ziggy Stardust , was known for its glam rock influences and themes of sexual exploration and social commentary . These factors , coupled with the ambiguity surrounding Bowie 's sexuality and fuelled by a ground-breaking performance of `` Starman '' on Top of the Pops , led to the album being met with controversy and since hailed as a seminal work .   The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders From Mars has received critical acclaim and has been consistently considered one of the greatest albums of all time , with Rolling Stone magazine ranking it the 35th greatest ever . It was ranked the 20th greatest album ever in a 1997 British survey , the 41st greatest of all time by Q magazine and one of the 100 greatest releases ever by Time magazine . In 2017 , the album was selected for preservation in the National Recording Registry , being deemed `` culturally , historically , or artistically significant '' by the Library of Congress .   A concert film of the same name , directed by D. A. Pennebaker , was recorded in 1973 and released a decade later in 1983 .

neg: Quicksilver: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack Quicksilver : Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the soundtrack for the American film , Quicksilver , which was released in 1986 , and stars Kevin Bacon , Jami Gertz , Paul Rodriguez , Louie Anderson , Laurence Fishburne and Rudy Ramos .   The film 's theme song is `` Quicksilver Lightning '' which is written by Giorgio Moroder and Dean Pitchford , And is Performed by The Who 's lead singer , Roger Daltrey , it was a minor hit on the pop charts reaching number 11 . The film score was composed by Tony Banks , of Genesis fame . Other music is contributed by performers such as Ray Parker , Jr. and Peter Frampton .   A version of `` The Motown Song '' was covered by Rod Stewart in 1991 , and included on his sixteenth solo album , Vagabond Heart , and released as a single .

neg: Dear Heart (song) `` Dear Heart '' is a song written by Henry Mancini , Ray Evans , and Jay Livingston and performed by Andy Williams . The song reached # 2 on the U.S. adult contemporary chart and # 24 on the Billboard chart in 1964 . It appears on the 1965 Andy Williams album , Andy Williams ' Dear Heart .   The song was the theme to the 1964 movie Dear Heart . It was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Song and also nominated for best song at the 22nd Golden Globe Awards .

neg: Survival of the Fittest (The Spectacular Spider-Man) `` Survival of the Fittest '' is the pilot episode of the animated television series The Spectacular Spider-Man , which is based on the comic book character Spider-Man , created by Stan Lee and Steve Ditko . The episode was written and directed by the series developers , Greg Weisman and Victor Cook . In the episode , Spider-Man ( Josh Keaton ) faces the evil Vulture ( Robert Englund ) as he begins his junior year in high school .   Sony Entertainment originally conceived The Spectacular Spider-Man as a series of four DVDs , and asked Weisman and Cook to develop it . The central idea was to follow Spider-Man in his younger years in the comics ; Weisman and Cook wanted to incorporate the styles of the early comic publications by Lee and Ditko . Reviewers have cited other influences in the themes , such as the live action film series and the Ultimate Spider-Man '' continuity .   `` Survival of the Fittest '' originally aired on March 8 , 2008 , on the Kids ' WB block on The CW . It had previously been shown to a large audience at the 2008 WonderCon . The episode was the highest rated program of the Kids WB ! 2007-2008 combined with the second episode `` Interactions '' and alone received a Nielsen rating of 1.2 / 3 . It was well received by critics , IGN calling it `` a Spider-Man story that feels like classic Spider-Man , and that 's a good thing . ''

neg: For Your Eyes Only (soundtrack) For Your Eyes Only is the soundtrack for the 12th James Bond film of the same name .   The theme song was written by Bill Conti ( music ) and Michael Leeson ( lyrics ) , and performed by Sheena Easton . The song was later nominated for both an Academy Award and Golden Globe in 1982 . Easton also made Bond film history as the first ( and , to date , only ) artist to perform the theme song on-screen during the opening title sequence .   Originally , the band Blondie was approached to write and perform the theme song for the film . They produced a song also called For Your Eyes Only that they turned in to the producers , however , this was rejected because the company wanted the Conti song and the band refused , and subsequently asked Easton to record an entirely new theme . Blondie eventually released their song on the 1982 album The Hunter . The track Make It Last All Night , performed by Rage and used for the scene at hitman Gonzales ' Spanish poolside , is notable for lyrics more suggestive than in almost any other Bond film .   The soundtrack was composed by Bill Conti , since the series ' regular composer , John Barry , was unable to work in the UK for tax reasons ( he , like many high earning Britons , had become a tax exile in the 1970s ) . Barry had recommended Conti as a possible alternative . Conti 's score is notable for its use of disco elements ( which prompted Danny Biederman to write in the liner notes to the two-CD releaseThe Best of James Bond : 30th Anniversary Limited Edition , `` Conti 's largely disco-styled score feels more like a celebration of the music of the moment than a score of durability '' ) . During the main ski chase sequence ( the track Runaway ) , Conti showed that he had versed himself in the previous Bond films ' music , as his manages to evoke memories of the music from previous ski action in both OHMSS and The Spy Who Loved Me . This , Conti 's only contribution to the series to date , was released as an album concurrent with the film 's release and later on a bootleg compact disc in combination with John Barry 's music from Octopussy . When the soundtrack was officially released on CD in the year 2000 , six bonus tracks were added that further showed Conti 's versatile approach to the film , aiding the production in its return to a tougher , more realistic James Bond . Not released but also heard in the film is a brief homage to John Williams ' familiar theme from Jaws , when an unseen underwater horror ( it is revealed to be an attacker in a J.I.M. diving suit ) approaches within the sunken ship . This was the third Bond film in a row to wittily include familiar music from a classic film . Additionally , notes from the title song to The Spy Who Loved Me , `` Nobody Does It Better '' , can be heard as the tones of a key code for a security door early in the film .

neg: GoldenEye (soundtrack) GoldenEye is the soundtrack to the 17th James Bond film of the same name and was composed by Éric Serra . It was released by EMI on November 14 , 1995 . Serra composed and performed a number of synthesizer tracks , including the radically reworked version of the James Bond Theme that plays during the gun barrel sequence , while John Altman and David Arch provided the more traditional symphonic music . The producers hired composer John Altman to write a more traditional , orchestral score piece for the tank-chase scene in St. Petersburg . Serra 's original , unused track for that sequence can still be found on the soundtrack album as A Pleasant Drive in St. Petersburg .   The theme song `` GoldenEye '' was written by Bono and The Edge of rock band U2 and was performed by Tina Turner . The song was later covered by Nicole Scherzinger for the 2010 remastering of the GoldenEye 007 video game .   The Swedish pop band Ace of Base was also involved at one point , producing a different theme song -- also called `` GoldenEye '' -- which does not appear in the film or soundtrack . This song was later released with slightly revised lyrics as `` The Juvenile '' on their 2002 album Da Capo , replacing the word `` GoldenEye '' with `` Juvenille '' .   The soundtrack does not feature the comedic rendition of the Tammy Wynette song `` Stand By Your Man '' from the film .

neg: The Amazing Spider-Man (comic strip) The Amazing Spider-Man is a daily comic strip featuring the character Spider-Man .

neg: South Pacific (soundtrack) The Original Soundtrack to the film South Pacific was released in 1958 . The film was based on the musical South Pacific by Rodgers and Hammerstein , which had been first staged nine years earlier . The composers had much say in this recording , with many of the songs performed by accomplished singers rather than the actors in the film . Mitzi Gaynor and Ray Walston were the only two leading performers who did their own singing in the film ( and on the soundtrack album ) . The roles of Emile DeBecque , Bloody Mary and Joe Cable were sung by Giorgio Tozzi , Muriel Smith and Bill Lee , respectively .   The album became a major success , reaching No. 1 in both the US and UK . In the US , the album stayed at No. 1 for seven months - the fourth longest run ever . In the UK , the album remained in the top five for 27 consecutive weeks before reaching No. 1 in November 1958 . It stayed at the top for a record-breaking 115 weeks ( the first 70 of these consecutively - including the whole year of 1959 ) , and remained in the top five for 214 weeks .

neg: The Moon Song `` The Moon Song '' is a song from the 2013 feature film Her , with music composed by Karen Orzolek ( Karen O ) and lyrics by Karen Orzolek and Spike Jonze . Performed by Karen O during the film 's end credits , the song was also performed by the film 's main characters , Samantha ( Scarlett Johansson ) and Theodore ( Joaquin Phoenix ) . It was released by WaterTower Music on February 11 , 2014 .   In January 2014 , the song was nominated for Best Original Song at the 86th Academy Awards , but lost to `` Let It Go '' from Frozen . Karen O performed the song at the ceremony accompanied by Ezra Koenig on guitar on March 2 , 2014 . In December 2014 , the song was nominated for Best Song Written for Visual Media at the 57th Grammy Awards but again lost to `` Let It Go '' .

neg: Spider-Girl Spider-Girl ( May `` Mayday '' Parker ) is a fictional superheroine in Marvel Comics ' MC2 universe . The character was created by Tom DeFalco and Ron Frenz as the teenage daughter of Peter Parker ( Spider-Man ) and Mary Jane Watson , and first appeared in What If ( vol . 2 ) # 105 ( February 1998 ) . She later acquired her own ongoing comic book , Spider-Girl , written by DeFalco and drawn by Frenz and Pat Olliffe , which was the longest-running superhero book with a lead female character ever published by Marvel before being relaunched as The Amazing Spider-Girl , and later The Spectacular Spider-Girl .

neg: West Side Story (soundtrack) West Side Story is the soundtrack to the 1961 film West Side Story . Released in 1961 , the soundtrack spent 54 weeks at No. 1 on Billboard 's album charts , giving it the longest run at No. 1 of any album in history , although some lists instead credit Michael Jackson 's Thriller , on the grounds that West Side Story was listed on a chart for stereo albums only at a time when many albums were recorded in mono . In 1962 , it won a Grammy award for `` Best Sound Track Album -- Original Cast '' and Johnny Richards orchestrations of the movie score ( on Kenton 's West Side Story ) also winning a Grammy in 1962 for `` Best Large Ensemble Jazz Album '' further bolstering the popularity of the movie and soundtrack . In the United States , it was the best-selling album of the 1960s , certifying three times platinum by the RIAA on November 21 , 1986 .   Though the album was released just a few years after the release of the original broadway cast recording , it is according to Broadway Babies preferred by some to the earlier version both sentimentally , as the film succeeded in establishing the musical as a `` popular masterpiece '' , and musically , as it contains `` beefier orchestration '' .

neg: List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1983 The Billboard 200 , published in Billboard magazine , is a weekly chart that ranks the highest-selling music albums and EPs in the United States . In 1983 , the name of the chart was Top LPs & Tape . Before Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991 , Billboard estimated sales from a representative sampling of record stores nationwide , using telephone , fax or messenger service . Data were based on rankings made by the record stores of the best-selling records , not on actual sales figures .   There were six number-one albums on this chart in 1983 , including the debut album of the Australian band Men at Work , Business as Usual , which spent the last seven weeks of 1982 and the first eight weeks of 1983 at number one , and was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) in 1984 . Thriller , the sixth studio album by recording artist Michael Jackson , was released on November 1982 . It peaked at number one for twenty-two non-consecutive weeks in 1983 with another fifteen consecutive weeks at the top into the following year , and seven songs from the album became top ten singles between late 1982 and early 1984 . Two of them : `` Billie Jean '' and `` Beat It '' , reached the top position of the Billboard Hot 100 . Thriller won eight Grammy Awards , including Album of the Year at the 26th Grammy Awards , and was the best-selling album of 1983 with more than fifteen million copies sold . In 2008 , twenty-five years after its release , the record was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame , and a few weeks later , it was among twenty-five recordings preserved by the Library of Congress to the National Recording Registry as `` culturally significant '' .   Flashdance , the soundtrack to the 1983 musical and romance film of the same name , peaked at number one for two weeks and won the Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture . The two singles released from the album , `` Flashdance ... What a Feeling '' by Irene Cara , and `` Maniac '' by Michael Sembello , reached the top of the singles chart in 1983 . The New York Times considered the British band The Police to be the year 's most influential rock band . Australian , British , and American bands copied the white-reggae formula of their ( The Police 's ) earlier successes . The group released their fifth and final studio album , Synchronicity , in 1983 . The album , a varied accomplished blend of rock , funk , and third-world rhythms , stayed at number one for seventeen weeks and was certified four times platinum by the RIAA in 1984 . Metal Health , the third album by heavy metal band Quiet Riot , peaked at number one for one week , becoming the first heavy metal record to reach the top of the Billboard 200 . Singer-songwriter Lionel Richie released his second album Ca n't Slow Down in 1983 , which spent three weeks at the top and won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year at the 27th Grammy Awards .

neg: Grammy Award for Best Country Solo Performance The Grammy Award for Best Country Solo Performance is an award presented at the Grammy Awards , a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards . According to the 54th Grammy Awards description guide it is designed for solo ( vocal or instrumental ) country recordings and is limited to singles or tracks only .   The award combines the previous categories for Best Female Country Vocal Performance , Best Male Country Vocal Performance and Best Country Instrumental Performance ( if it is an instrumental solo performance ) . The restructuring of these categories was a result of the Recording Academy 's wish to decrease the list of categories and awards and to eliminate the distinctions between male and female performances .

neg: The Muppets (soundtrack) The Muppets : An Original Walt Disney Records Soundtrack is a soundtrack album released by Walt Disney Records on November 22 , 2011 for the musical comedy film The Muppets . The soundtrack features five original songs , four re-recordings and remasterings of popular Muppet songs ( `` The Muppet Show Theme '' , `` Rainbow Connection '' , and `` Mah Nà Mah Nà '' ) , two cover versions of existing songs ( Cee Lo Green 's `` Forget You '' and Nirvana 's `` Smells Like Teen Spirit '' ) , two standalone songs ( Paul Simon 's `` Me and Julio Down by the Schoolyard '' and Starship 's `` We Built This City '' ) , and fifteen dialogue tracks . It also features the song `` Man or Muppet '' , which won the Academy Award for Best Original Song . The soundtrack was also nominated for Best Compilation Soundtrack for Visual Media at the 55th Grammy Awards .   Songs not included in the album , but featured in the film include Gary Numan 's `` Cars '' , AC/DC 's `` Back in Black '' , George Thorogood 's `` Bad to the Bone '' , Jeff Moss ' `` Together Again '' ( from The Muppets Take Manhattan ) and Bill Medley & Jennifer Warnes ' '' ( I 've Had ) The Time of My Life '' .   A Spanish version of the soundtrack was released as Los Muppets : Banda Sonora Original de Walt Disney Records on December 6 , 2011 . The Spanish version received a nomination for Best Latin Children 's Album at the 13th Latin Grammy Awards .

neg: List of submissions to the 66th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film The 66th Academy Awards , which were held on March 21 , 1994 , saw 35 countries submit films for competition in the Best Foreign Language Film category . The Academy had initially invited 57 countries to send their best films , and the submission deadline was set on November 22 , 1993 . While the rules were basically unchanged , the applications for the 66th Academy Awards included a new form requesting information about the nationalities of the film 's creative team , due to the controversy that had led to the disqualification of A Place in the World at the 65th Academy Awards .   The bolded titles were the five nominated films , which came from Hong Kong , Spain , Taiwan , the United Kingdom and Vietnam . It was the first time that the majority of the nominees in this category came from outside Europe ( it happened again in 1997 , 2006 and 2011 ) and is the only time when there have been three Asian nominees . Vietnam made history by becoming the only Southeast Asian country ever to be nominated in this category ( accurate as of 2013 ) . The prize was ultimately awarded to Spain for the romantic comedy , Belle Epoque .

neg: Spider-Man (1978 film) Spider-Man , also known as Supaidāman or Spider-Man : The Movie is a 1978 film based on the Marvel Comics character Spider-Man and also a spin-off from the Japanese Spider-Man television series . The film was released theatrically in Japan .

neg: 25th Academy Awards The 25th Academy Awards ceremony was held on March 19 , 1953 . It took place at the RKO Pantages Theatre in Hollywood , California , and the NBC International Theatre in New York City .   It was the first Academy Awards ceremony to be televised , and the first ceremony to be held in Hollywood and New York City simultaneously . It was also the only year that the New York ceremonies were to be held in the NBC International Theatre on Columbus Circle , which was shortly thereafter demolished and replaced by the New York Coliseum convention center .   A major upset occurred in the category of Best Picture . The heavily favored High Noon lost to Cecil B. DeMille 's The Greatest Show on Earth , eventually considered among the worst films to have won the Academy Award for Best Picture . The American film magazine Premiere placed the movie on its list of the 10 worst Oscar winners and the British film magazine Empire rated it # 3 on their list of the 10 worst Oscar winners . It has the lowest spot on Rotten Tomatoes ' list of the 81 films to win Best Picture . Of all the films nominated for the Oscar this year , only High Noon and Singin ' in the Rain would show up 46 years later on the American Film Institute list of the greatest American films of the 20th Century . For a film that only received two nominations , Singin ' in the Rain went on to be named as the greatest American musical film of all time and in the 2007 American Film Institute updated list as the fifth greatest American film of all time , while High Noon was ranked twenty-seventh on the same 2007 list , as well .   The Bad and the Beautiful won five awards , the most wins ever for a film not nominated for Best Picture . It was also the second Academy Awards in which a film not nominated for Best Picture received the most awards of the evening , excluding years where there were ties for the most wins . The only other film to do this was The Thief of Bagdad at the 13th Academy Awards ; as of the 87th Academy Awards , it has not happened since .   Until Spotlight won only Best Picture and Best Original Screenplay at the 88th Academy Awards , this was the last year in which the Best Picture winner won just two Oscars . It was also the second of three years to date in which two films not nominated for Best Picture received more nominations than the winner ( The Bad and the Beautiful and Hans Christian Andersen , both with six ) . This occurred again at the 79th Academy Awards .   Shirley Booth also became the last person to win an Oscar in a Leading Role to be born in the 19th century . She also holds the distinction of being the first woman in her 50s to win the award , at the age of 54 ( the second woman in her 50s to win , Julianne Moore , was 54 when awarded at the 87th Academy Awards ) .   John Ford 's fourth win for Best Director set a record for the most wins in this category that remains unmatched to this day .   For the first time since the introduction of Supporting Actor and Actress awards in 1936 , Best Picture , Best Director , and all four acting Oscars went to six different films . This has happened only three times since , at the 29th Academy Awards for 1956 , the 78th for 2005 , and the 85th for 2012 .

neg: The Amazing Spider-Man (soundtrack) The Amazing Spider-Man : Music from the Motion Picture is a soundtrack album to the 2012 film The Amazing Spider-Man composed by James Horner . which was released by Sony Classical .


query: Philadelphia is in the United States.

pos: United States The United States of America ( USA ) , commonly known as the United States ( U.S. ) or America , is a constitutional federal republic composed of 50 states , a federal district , five major self-governing territories , and various possessions .  Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico . The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America , bordered by Canada to the east and across the Bering Strait from Russia to the west . The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean . The U.S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea . Nine time zones are covered . The geography , climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse .   At 3.8 million square miles ( 9.8 million km2 ) and with over 324 million people , the United States is the world 's third - or fourth-largest country by total area , third-largest by land area , and the third-most populous . It is one of the world 's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations , and is home to the world 's largest immigrant population . The capital is Washington , D.C. , and the largest city is New York City ; nine other major metropolitan areas -- each with at least 4.5 million inhabitants and the largest having more than 13 million people -- are Los Angeles , Chicago , Dallas , Houston , Philadelphia , Miami , Atlanta , Boston , and San Francisco .   Paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago . European colonization began in the 16th century . The United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast . Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the colonies following the Seven Years ' War led to the American Revolution , which began in 1775 . On July 4 , 1776 , during the course of the American Revolutionary War , the colonies unanimously adopted the Declaration of Independence . The war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain , representing the first successful war of independence against a European power . The current constitution was adopted in 1788 , after the Articles of Confederation , adopted in 1781 , were felt to have provided inadequate federal powers . The first ten amendments , collectively named the Bill of Rights , were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties .   The United States embarked on a vigorous expansion across North America throughout the 19th century , displacing Native American tribes , acquiring new territories , and gradually admitting new states until it spanned the continent by 1848 . During the second half of the 19th century , the American Civil War led to the end of legal slavery in the country . By the end of that century , the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean , and its economy , driven in large part by the Industrial Revolution , began to soar . The Spanish -- American War and confirmed the country 's status as a global military power . The United States emerged from as a global superpower , the first country to develop nuclear weapons , the only country to use them in warfare , and a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council . The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the world 's sole superpower . The U.S. is a founding member of the United Nations , World Bank , International Monetary Fund , Organization of American States ( OAS ) , and other international organizations .   The United States is a highly developed country , with the world 's largest economy by nominal GDP and second-largest economy by PPP . Though its population is only 4.3 % of the world total , Americans hold nearly 40 % of the total wealth in the world . The United States ranks among the highest in several measures of socioeconomic performance , including average wage , human development , per capita GDP , and productivity per person . While the U.S. economy is considered post-industrial , characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy , the manufacturing sector remains the second-largest in the world . Accounting for approximately a quarter of global GDP and a third of global military spending , the United States is the world 's foremost economic and military power . The United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally , and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations .

neg: Philadelphia Phillies all-time roster (H) The Philadelphia Phillies are a Major League Baseball team based in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . They are a member of the Eastern Division of Major League Baseball 's National League . The team has played officially under two names since beginning play in 1883 : the current moniker , as well as the `` Quakers '' , which was used in conjunction with `` Phillies '' during the team 's early history . The team was also known unofficially as the `` Blue Jays '' during the World War II era . Since the franchise 's inception , players have made an appearance in a competitive game for the team , whether as an offensive player ( batting and baserunning ) or a defensive player ( fielding , pitching , or both ) .   Of those Phillies , 133 have had surnames beginning with the letter H . One of those players has been inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame ; center fielder Billy Hamilton played for the Phillies for six seasons ( 1890 -- 1895 ) , amassing three career franchise records and three single-season records . Hamilton 's .361 batting average , .463 on-base percentage , and 508 stolen bases lead all Phillies in those categories , and his single-season records include most runs scored ( 192 in the 1894 season ; also a major league record ) , most stolen bases ( 111 in the 1891 season ) , and highest on-base percentage ( .523 in 1894 ) . The Hall of Fame lists the Phillies as Hamilton 's primary team , and he is a member of the Philadelphia Baseball Wall of Fame , as is Whiz Kid shortstop and second baseman Granny Hamner .   Among the 73 batters in this list , Lou Hardie has the highest batting average , at .375 ; he notched three hits in eight at-bats during the 1884 season . Other players with an average above .300 include Hamilton , George Harper ( .323 in three seasons ) , Chicken Hawks ( .322 in one season ) , Butch Henline ( .304 in six seasons ) , Chuck Hiller ( .302 in one season ) , Walter Holke ( .301 in three seasons ) , Paul Hoover ( .308 in two seasons ) , and Don Hurst ( .303 in seven seasons ) . Ryan Howard leads all members of this list with 253 home runs and 748 runs batted in in his seven seasons with the Phillies .   Of this list 's 62 pitchers , Bert Humphries has the best win -- loss record , in terms of winning percentage ; his three wins and one loss notched him a .750 win ratio in his one season with the team . Cole Hamels ' 74 victories and 1,091 strikeouts are the most by a player on this list , while Ken Heintzelman and Bill Hubbell lead with 55 defeats each . Tom Hilgendorf has the lowest earned run average ( ERA ) among pitchers , with a 2.14 mark ; the only player to best Hilgendorf in that category on this list is Holke , a first baseman , who made one pitching appearance in 1979 , throwing inning and allowing no runs ( a 0.00 ERA ) . Roy Halladay is one of the ten Phillies pitchers who have thrown a no-hitter , and the only man to accomplish the feat twice ; in Halladay 's first season with Philadelphia , he pitched a perfect game on May 29 , 2010 , and later became the second player to pitch a no-hitter in the postseason on October 6 , 2010 .   Two Phillies have made 30 % or more of their Phillies appearances as both pitchers and position player . Bill Harman batted .071 in 14 plate appearances as a catcher while amassing a 4.85 ERA and striking out three as a pitcher . Hardie Henderson allowed 19 runs in his only game as a pitcher while notching a .250 average as a left fielder .

neg: Philadelphia Bulletin For the 2004 resurrection of the Bulletin , see The Bulletin ( newspaper ) .   The Philadelphia Bulletin was a daily evening newspaper published from 1847 to 1982 in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . It was the largest circulation newspaper in Philadelphia for 76 years and was once the largest evening newspaper in the United States . Its widely known slogan was : `` In Philadelphia , nearly everybody reads The Bulletin . ''   Describing the Bulletin 's style , publisher William L. McLean once said : `` I think the Bulletin operates on a principle which in the long run is unbeatable . This is that it enters the reader 's home as a guest . Therefore , it should behave as a guest , telling the news rather than shouting it . '' As Time magazine later noted : `` In its news columns , the Bulletin was solid if unspectacular . Local affairs were covered extensively , but politely . Muckraking was frowned upon . ''

neg: Philadelphia International Cycling Classic The Philadelphia International Championship is an annual bicycle race held in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . It is described as `` America 's top international cycling classic , and one of the richest and most prestigious one day races outside of Europe . '' It is one of the longest single-day races in the U.S. at 199.6 km . The men 's event is ranked 1.1 by the International Cycling Union ( UCI ) , the sport 's governing body , which makes it the highest ranked single-day race in the Western Hemisphere after the UCI World Tour Grand Prix Cycliste de Montreal and Grand Prix Cycliste de Quebec . It is part of the UCI America Tour .   The race has existed since 1985 , but its name has changed a number of times , because of the changing of names of its corporate sponsors , due to bank mergers and acquisitions . The title sponsor was originally CoreStates Bank , followed by First Union Bank in 1998 , then Wachovia Bank in 2002 . In November 2005 , Wachovia withdrew its sponsorship . With assistance from former Philadelphia mayor and then-Pennsylvania governor Ed Rendell , a corporate sponsor was found in 2006 ; Commerce Bank made a four-year commitment . Due to its acquisition by Toronto-Dominion Bank in 2007 , Commerce Bank became TD Bank in 2008 .   The Philadelphia International Championship was once the final leg of a one-week , 3-race circuit called the TD Bank Triple Crown of Cycling . The races took place in Lancaster , Reading and Philadelphia . The opening race was the Lancaster Classic , followed four days later by the Reading Classic , with the finale in Philadelphia three days after that .   Through 2005 , the highest placed finisher registered in the United States was named the USPRO champion , whether or not he won the race . The race was often called the USPRO Championship ; however , USA Cycling , the national governing body , stripped the Philadelphia race of the USPRO title , wanting to limit the race to Americans . Local organizers insisted the field remain open to the pros from all around the world .   There is a men 's and a women 's race , the latter called the Liberty Classic . The seven-lap men 's race consists of a three-lap 1.6 km opening circuit , followed by seven 23.2 km laps of the primary circuit , then a five-lap 4.8 km closing circuit . The total distance is 251 km . The women 's race is on the same course but starts later and is shorter : 4 laps of the primary circuit for 92.7 km .   The race starts on the Benjamin Franklin Parkway and then heads along Kelly Drive into the northwest section of the city , through East Falls , Manayunk , and Roxborough , then return to the Parkway and Logan Circle to complete its loop , passing parts of Fairmount Park along the way .   Top cyclists who have participated include Eric Heiden , who won the race in 1985 , Greg LeMond , and Lance Armstrong , who started his professional career when he won the race in 1993 .   The cancellation of the 2017 races was announced by the UCI at the end of January 2017 , citing difficulty in obtaining sponsorship resulting in financial difficulties for the organisers .

neg: Phillies (disambiguation) The Philadelphia Phillies are a Major League Baseball team .   Phillies may also refer to :

neg: Southwark, Philadelphia Southwark was originally the Southwark District , a colonial era municipality in Philadelphia County , Pennsylvania . Today , it is a neighborhood in the South Philadelphia section of Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . Because of its location south of the early Philadelphia , the name was adopted in allusion to the borough of Southwark in the county of London , England , just south of the city of London .

neg: Socialist Party of Pennsylvania The Socialist Party of Pennsylvania was a socialist political party in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania . It was founded in 1901 in Reading , Pennsylvania and received a state charter from the Socialist Party of America the following year . Reading was one of three cities which found considerable electoral success . Readings Socialists elected multiple state legislators , city councilors as well as mayor J. Henry Stump . The Socialist Party of America nominated former Pennsylvania Representative and SPA member Darlington Hoopes for President in 1952 and 1956 . In 1965 , the Reading chapter of the party was down to approximately 25 members . The national party was renamed Social Democrats , USA in 1972 .   A successor organization , the Socialist Party USA , was formed in 1973 by the Debs caucus of the old SPA , a group which still supported independent socialist political action . As of 2016 the SPUSA has one local in the state , located in Philadelphia .

neg: Education in Pennsylvania There are numerous elementary , secondary , and higher institutions of learning in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania , which is home to 500 public school districts , thousands of private schools , many publicly funded colleges and universities , and over 100 private institutions of higher education .   In general , under state law , school attendance in Pennsylvania is mandatory for a child from the age of 8 until the age of 17 , or until graduation from an accredited high school , whichever is earlier .   As of 2005 , 83.8 % of Pennsylvania residents age 18 to 24 have completed high school . Among residents age 25 and over , 86.7 % have graduated from high school . Additionally , 25.7 % have gone on to obtain a bachelor 's degree or higher . In 2009 , the U.S. Census Bureau reported that 87.9 % of Pennsylvanians aged 25 or older have attained a high school diploma or better .

neg: Lithuanian Hall (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) The Lithuanian Hall ( Lietuvių Namai ) , also known as Lithuanian Music Hall , is the home of the Lithuanian Music Hall Association . It is a private club and cultural organization located in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania and serves as a recreation center and meeting house for social events , including dances , weddings , musical events , art exhibits , and cultural events . The hall was founded to serve the needs of the Lithuanian community in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania .

neg: Merchants' Exchange Building (Philadelphia) The Merchants ' Exchange Building is a historic building located on the triangular site bounded by Dock Street , Third Street , and Walnut Street in the Old City neighborhood of Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . It was designed by architect William Strickland , in the Greek Revival style , the first national American architectural style and built between 1832 and 1834 . It operated as a brokerage house in the nineteenth century , but by 1875 the Philadelphia Stock Exchange had taken the place of the Merchants ' Exchange .   The building was declared a National Historic Landmark in 2001 . It is the oldest existing stock exchange building in the United States , but is now used as the headquarters of the Independence National Historical Park .

neg: Newspapers in the United States Newspapers in the United States have been published since the 18th century and are an integral part of the culture of the United States . Although a few newspapers including the New York Times , USA Today , and the Wall Street Journal are sold throughout the United States , most U.S. newspapers are published for city or regional markets . The New York Times is often referred to as the United States ' `` newspaper of record '' .

neg: Independence Hall Independence Hall is the building where both the United States Declaration of Independence and the United States Constitution were debated and adopted . It is now the centerpiece of the Independence National Historical Park in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania .   The building was completed in 1753 as the colonial legislature ( later Pennsylvania State House ) for the Province of Pennsylvania . It became the principal meeting place of the Second Continental Congress from 1775 to 1783 and was the site of the Constitutional Convention in the summer of 1787 .   A convention held in Independence Hall in 1915 , presided over by former US president William Howard Taft , marked the formal announcement of the formation of the League to Enforce Peace , which led to the League of Nations and eventually the United Nations . The building is part of Independence National Historical Park and is listed as a World Heritage Site .

neg: Philadelphia lawyer Philadelphia Lawyer is a term to describe a lawyer who knows the most detailed and minute points of law or is an exceptionally competent lawyer . Its first known usage dates back to 1788 . Alternatively , a usage dating to the second half of the 20th century denotes `` the ultimate in crooked lawyers '' .   Philadelphia-based Colonial American lawyer Andrew Hamilton , a lawyer best known for his legal victory on behalf of printer and newspaper publisher John Peter Zenger , is believed to have inspired the `` Philadelphia lawyer '' term . This 1735 decision helped to establish that truth is a defense to an accusation of libel .

neg: Philadelphia Open Championship The Philadelphia Open Championship is an annual golf tournament played in the Philadelphia , Pennsylvania area . It is organized by the Golf Association of Philadelphia . It has been played annually since 1903 ( except for war years ) at member clubs in Pennsylvania , New Jersey , and Delaware . It was considered a PGA Tour event for most of the period 1916 to 1937 .

neg: Philadelphia Metro Metro is a free daily newspaper in Philadelphia which began publishing on January 24 , 2000 . Its main competition is The Philadelphia Daily News . In 2004 , Metro surpassed The Daily News in circulation , 143,798 to 141,868 , to move into second behind 372,297 for The Philadelphia Inquirer '' 's . It was the first Metro '' edition published in North America and the ninth edition since the first in Stockholm in 1995 .

neg: Transportation in New Jersey Transportation in New Jersey utilizes a combination of road , rail , air , and water modes . New Jersey is situated between Philadelphia and New York City , two major metropolitan centers of the Boston-Washington megalopolis , making it a regional corridor for transportation . As a result , New Jersey 's freeways carry high volumes of interstate traffic and products . The main thoroughfare for long distance travel is the New Jersey Turnpike , the nation 's fifth-busiest toll road . The Garden State Parkway connects the state 's densely populated north to its southern shore region . New Jersey has the 4th smallest area of U.S. states , but its population density of 1,196 persons per sq. mi ( 462 persons per km2 ) causes congestion to be a major issue for motorists .   New Jersey has a statewide mass transit system , centered on transportation to New York City and Philadelphia . New Jersey Transit , the chief operator of intrastate public transportation , manages three separate light rail systems , eleven commuter rail lines , and a statewide bus system . The Port Authority Trans-Hudson ( PATH ) links transportation hubs in Manhattan and northeastern New Jersey , while the PATCO Speedline connects downtown Philadelphia to Camden County , New Jersey . Intercity rail is operated by Amtrak along the Northeast Corridor between the major population centers of the Northeastern United States . In addition , New Jersey is home to Newark Liberty International Airport , the nation 's fifth-busiest international gateway , and the Port Newark-Elizabeth Marine Terminal , the principal container ship facility of the New York metropolitan area .

neg: Philadelphia Media Network Philadelphia Media Network LLC is an American media company . It owns The Philadelphia Inquirer , Philadelphia Daily News , and the newspapers ' joint web portal Philly.com . The company is owned by The Philadelphia Foundation , a nonprofit organization in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , U.S.A.   Philadelphia Media Network ( PMN ) was formed and initially owned by the creditors of Philadelphia Media Holdings ( PMH ) , acquired out of Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection . The company sold its inherited community newspaper division in December 2010 . A group of local investors -- under the corporate name of Interstate General Media LLC -- bought the company for $ 55 million in April 2012 . Publisher and chief executive officer Greg Osberg stepped down on 11 May 2012 . He was replaced by Bob Hall , 67 , the publisher of the Daily News and Inquirer from 1990 to 2003 , when the papers were owned by Knight Ridder . Philadelphia Media Network was purchased by Philadelphia businessman H. F. `` Gerry '' Lenfest in 2014 . Lenfest donated the company to The Philadelphia Foundation , a nonprofit organization , in 2016 .

neg: Outline of Philadelphia The following outline of Philadelphia is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Philadelphia topics on Wikipedia .   Philadelphia -- largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania , the second largest city on the East Coast of the United States , and the fifth-most-populous city in the United States . It is located in the Northeastern United States along the Delaware and Schuylkill rivers , and it is the only consolidated city-county in Pennsylvania . As of the , the city had a population of 1,526,006 , growing to 1,547,607 in 2012 by Census estimates . Philadelphia is the economic and cultural center of the , home to over 6 million people and the country 's sixth-largest metropolitan area .

neg: Philadelphia English Philadelphia English is a variety or dialect of American English native to Philadelphia and extending into Philadelphia 's suburbs in the Delaware Valley and South Jersey . The Philadelphia accent is one of the best-studied , as Philadelphia 's University of Pennsylvania is the home institution of pioneering sociolinguist William Labov . Philadelphia English shares some distinct features with New York City English and Midland American English , although it is still its own very distinct dialect . However , the closest relative of the Philadelphia accent of the mid-twentieth century is the Baltimore accent , both of which constitute what Labov describes as a single `` Mid-Atlantic '' regional dialect .   According to linguist Barbara Johnstone , migration patterns and geography affected the dialect 's development , which was especially influenced by immigrants from Northern England , Scotland , and Northern Ireland . The accent is commonly found within the Irish American and Italian American working class neighborhoods .

neg: List of tallest buildings in Philadelphia Philadelphia , the largest city in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania , is home to 389 completed high-rises , 32 of which stand taller than 400 ft. The tallest building in the city is currently the 58-story Comcast Center , which rises 975 ft in Center City . Comcast Center is also the tallest building in Pennsylvania and the 20th-tallest building in the United States . The second-tallest building is One Liberty Place , which rises 61 floors and 945 ft. One Liberty Place stood as the tallest building in Pennsylvania for over 20 years until the completion of Comcast Center in 2008 . Overall , seven of the ten tallest buildings in Pennsylvania are in Philadelphia , with the remainder being in Pittsburgh . Philadelphia is one of only five American cities with two or more completed buildings over 900 ft tall .   Philadelphia 's history of tall buildings is generally thought to have begun with the 1754 addition of the steeple to Christ Church , which was one of America 's first high-rise structures . Through most of the 20th century , a `` gentlemen 's agreement '' prevented buildings from rising higher than the 548-ft ( 167-m ) Philadelphia City Hall . Despite this , Philadelphia amassed a large collection of high-rise buildings . The completion of One Liberty Place in 1987 broke the agreement , and Philadelphia has since seen the construction of eight skyscrapers that eclipse City Hall in height .   Philadelphia has twice held the tallest habitable building in North America , first with Christ Church , then with City Hall . The latter reigned as the world 's tallest building from 1894 to 1908 , and is currently the world 's second-tallest masonry building , only 1.6 ft shorter than Mole Antonelliana in Turin . Like other large American cities , Philadelphia went through a massive building boom in the 1970s and 1980s , resulting in the completion of over 20 high-rise buildings .   , there are several major high-rise construction projects underway in Philadelphia . The largest of these projects is the Comcast Innovation and Technology Center , which began construction in 2014 and will rise 1121 ft upon completion . The Comcast Innovation and Technology Center will surpass Comcast Center by over 100 ft to become the tallest skyscraper in Pennsylvania and the tallest building in the country outside of New York and Chicago .   __ TOC __

neg: The Horticulture Center (Philadelphia) The Horticultural Center in Philadelphia contains an arboretum , greenhouse , demonstration gardens , and a Japanese house and garden . It is located within Fairmount Park at the southeast corner of Belmont and Montgomery Drives , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . The grounds are open daily except holidays , without charge . An admission fee is charged for the Japanese house .   The Horticulture Center was built for the 1976 United States Bicentennial celebration , on the site of Philadelphia 's earlier Horticultural Hall , built in 1876 for the Centennial Exposition . Its grounds contain :   The 27 acre Centennial Arboretum  An exhibition hall  A 31000 sqft greenhouse with tropical plants  Seven demonstration gardens  Shofuso Japanese House and Gardens , with the house built in the 16th century shoin-zukuri style .  Centennial comfort stations