query: Everton F.c. is currently located in Liverpool.

pos: Everton F.C. Everton F.C. -LSB- ˈɛvərtən -RSB- is a football club in Liverpool , England , that currently competes in the Premier League , the top flight of English football . The club have competed in the top division for a record 114 seasons and won the League Championship nine times , and the FA Cup five times .   Formed in 1878 , Everton were founding members of The Football League in 1888 and won their first League Championship two seasons later . Following four League Championship and two FA Cup wins , Everton experienced a lull in the immediate post World War Two period , until a revival in the 1960s , which saw the club win two League Championships and an FA Cup . The mid-1980s represented their most recent period of sustained success , with two League Championships , an FA Cup , and the 1985 European Cup Winners ' Cup . The club 's most recent major trophy was the 1995 FA Cup .   The club 's supporters are known as Evertonians . Everton have a rivalry with neighbours Liverpool , and the two sides contest the Merseyside derby . The club have been based at Goodison Park in Walton , Liverpool , since 1892 , after moving from Anfield following a row over its rent . The club 's home colours are royal blue shirts with white shorts and socks .

neg: Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley The Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley is a metropolitan borough of Merseyside , England . It comprises the towns and districts of Kirkby , Prescot , Huyton , Whiston , Halewood , Cronton and Stockbridge Village ; Kirkby , Huyton , and Prescot being the major commercial centres . It takes its name from the village of Knowsley , though its headquarters are in Huyton . It forms part of the wider Liverpool City Region .   The borough was formed on 1 April 1974 by the merger of Huyton-with-Roby Urban District , Kirkby Urban District and Prescot Urban District , along with most of Whiston Rural District and a small part of West Lancashire Rural District , all from the administrative county of Lancashire .   According to the 2011 census , 80.9 % of people in Knowsley describe themselves as Christian , the highest proportion in any local authority in England and Wales .   It is known for Knowsley Hall and Knowsley Safari Park .

neg: Tyne–Wear derby The Tyne-Wear derby , also known as the North East derby and the Wear-Tyne derby is a local derby between the association football clubs Sunderland and Newcastle United . The derby is an inter-city rivalry in North East England with the two cities of Sunderland and Newcastle just twelve miles apart . Sunderland play their home matches at the Stadium of Light whilst Newcastle play their home matches at St. James ' Park . The first meeting of the two sides took place in 1883 , with the first competitive fixture being an 1888 FA Cup tie , which Sunderland won 2 -- 1 . To date , both teams have won the fixture 53 times , whilst sharing 49 draws -- one of which Sunderland went on to win via a penalty shootout . Sunderland have dominated the Tyne -- Wear derby in recent seasons . They are currently undefeated in the last nine matches between the local rivals , including six consecutive victories from 14 April 2013 to 25 October 2015 . The most recent meeting of the two sides , on the 20th March 2016 , was a Premier League match at the St James ' Park and ended in a 1 -- 1 draw , with Jermain Defoe opening the scoring for Sunderland before Aleksandar Mitrovic equalised for Newcastle . Yann M'Vila , who has played in both games , describes it as bigger than the Milan derby .

neg: Tommy Wright (footballer, born 1944) Thomas James ( Tommy ) Wright ( born 21 October 1944 in Norris Green , Liverpool ) is a former footballer . A one-club man , he played for Everton , with whom he won the Football League and the FA Cup , and represented England , including at the 1970 FIFA World Cup .

neg: Grade II listed buildings in Liverpool-L7 Liverpool is a city and port in Merseyside , England , which contains many listed buildings . A listed building is a structure designated by English Heritage of being of architectural and/or of historical importance and , as such , is included in the National Heritage List for England . There are three grades of listing , according to the degree of importance of the structure . Grade I includes those buildings that are of `` exceptional interest , sometimes considered to be internationally important '' ; the buildings in Grade II * are `` particularly important buildings of more than special interest '' ; and those in Grade II are `` nationally important and of special interest '' . Very few buildings are included in Grade I -- only 2.5 % of the total . Grade II * buildings represent 5.5 % of the total , while the great majority , 92 % , are included in Grade II .   Liverpool contains more than 1,550 listed buildings , of which 28 are in Grade I , 109 in Grade II * , and the rest in Grade II . This list contains the Grade II listed buildings in the L7 postal district of Liverpool . The district stretches from buildings used by the University of Liverpool in the area around Abercromby Square in the west of the district , to the suburbs of Edge Hill and Kensington in the east . It is mainly residential , and a high proportion of the buildings in the list are houses . Residential development started in 1819 -- 20 in Abercromby Square , and many of the houses here and elsewhere date from the 1820s , 1830s , and 1840s . To the east , the district includes Edge Hill railway station , the world 's first railway station , and there are three Grade II listed buildings relating to it . Also in the district is Wavertree Botanic Gardens , which contains two Grade II listed buildings , the lodge and a fountain . In addition to these , this list contains three churches and a chapel ( some of which have been converted into other uses ) , a library , a bank , a public house , a former hospital , the entrance to a cemetery , a students ' union , a war memorial , and a pillar box .   Grade II listed buildings from other areas in the city can be found through the template on the right , along with the lists of the Grade I and Grade II * buildings in the city .

neg: James Milner James Philip Milner ( born 4 January 1986 ) is an English professional footballer who plays for Premier League club Liverpool . A versatile player , he has been utilised in many different positions such as on the wing , in midfield and most recently at left-back .   Milner 's talent in football , cricket , and long-distance running was recognised at a very young age . He represented his school in these sports and played football for amateur teams from Rawdon and Horsforth . He supported Leeds United from a young age and was a season ticket holder at the club . In 1996 , he joined the Leeds United youth academy . He made his debut for the first team in 2002 aged only 16 and gained prominence as the youngest player to score in the Premier League .   While at Leeds United , he spent time on loan at Swindon Town to gain experience as a first-team player . Following his move to Newcastle United , he was loaned to Aston Villa for a season . He went on to make over 100 appearances for Newcastle , before returning to Aston Villa on a permanent transfer in 2008 . After playing an influential role in Aston Villa 's run to the 2010 League Cup Final and being named 2009 -- 10 PFA Young Player of the Year , Milner joined Manchester City for a reported # 26m transfer fee in 2010 , going on to win the 2011 -- 12 and 2013 -- 14 Premier League titles , 2010 -- 11 FA Cup and 2013 -- 14 League Cup . After five seasons with Manchester City , Milner signed for Liverpool on a free transfer in 2015 .   Milner made a record 46 appearances for the England national under-21 football team , playing at the 2007 and 2009 UEFA European Under-21 Championships . He also played 61 appearances for the full English national team , scoring once against Moldova . He was selected for the 2010 and 2014 FIFA World Cup squads , as well as the 2012 and UEFA Euro 2016 UEFA Euro Championships . Milner retired from international football in 2016 .

neg: List of Everton F.C. players This is a list of notable footballers who have played for Everton . Generally , this means players that have played 100 or more first-class matches for the club . A number of other players who have played an important role in a League title win have also been included for their contribution -- for example Andy Gray .  Players in Everton 's early history are also included despite not necessarily playing 100 matches .   For a list of all Everton players , major or minor , with a Wikipedia article , see Category : Everton F.C. players , and for the current squad see the main Everton F.C. article .   Players are listed according to the date of their first team debut . Appearances and goals are for first-team competitive matches only ; wartime matches are excluded . Substitute appearances included .   Appearance figures as of February 2017

neg: 1976–77 Football League Cup The 1976 -- 77 Football League Cup was the seventeenth season of the Football League Cup , a knockout competition for England 's top 92 football clubs . The competition started on 14 August 1976 and ended with the final going to a second replay on 13 April 1977 .   The final was contested by First Division teams Aston Villa and Everton at Wembley Stadium in London , followed by replays at Hillsborough and finally being decided at Old Trafford .

neg: 1946–47 Liverpool F.C. season The 1946 -- 47 season was the 55th season in Liverpool F.C. 's existence , and ended their season as Champions , winning the title by one point from Manchester United and Wolverhampton Wanderers .   The chances of them doing the double was over by being beaten in the FA Cup Semi-Finals by 2nd Division Burnley .

neg: 2001 FA Charity Shield The 2001 FA Charity Shield was the 79th FA Charity Shield , an annual football match played between the winners of the previous season 's Premier League and FA Cup . The match was contested between Liverpool , winners of the 2000 -- 01 FA Cup and Manchester United , who won the 2000 -- 01 Premier League on 12 August 2001 . It was the first Shield match to be held at the Millennium Stadium following the closure of Wembley Stadium for reconstruction .   This was Liverpool 's 19th appearance and Manchester United 's 21st and the 5th time they had met in the competition . The anticipated meeting of Liverpool midfielder Steven Gerrard and new Manchester United signing Juan Sebastián Verón did not occur . Another omission from the Liverpool team was striker Robbie Fowler , who was left out of the matchday squad . New signings for both teams made an appearance , with defender John Arne Riise making his first appearance in English football for Liverpool , while striker Ruud van Nistelrooy made his debut for Manchester United .   Watched by a crowd of 70,027 spectators , Liverpool took the lead in the second minute when Gary McAllister scored from a free kick after a foul on Danny Murphy by Roy Keane . Liverpool extended their lead in the 16th minute when striker Michael Owen scored . Manchester United scored in the second half through Van Nistelrooy but were unable to find the equalising goal in the remaining minutes . Thus , Liverpool won the match 2 -- 1 to win the Shield for the 14th time . Despite the victory , Liverpool manager Gérard Houllier was realistic about his team 's prospects in the upcoming 2001 -- 02 FA Premier League . Manchester United manager Alex Ferguson was critical of referee Andy D'Urso 's performance after he turned down two penalty appeals from his side during the match . Liverpool 's victory marked their 14th success , while the match was United 's fourth consecutive loss in the competition .

neg: Orrell, Merseyside Orrell is the name given to an area in the Metropolitan Borough of Sefton , Merseyside , England . Orrell is a residential area in the Liverpool postal code L20 . It is not to be confused with Orrell Park which is a separate neighbouring area .

neg: Early grounds of Manchester City F.C. Before Manchester City Football Club moved into their first permanent home in Manchester , England , in 1887 , the club played at a short series of grounds which ranged from established cricket venues to bumpy fields with no stands or boundaries nor history of sporting usage . The club was founded as a philanthropic endeavour to encourage impressionable youths to commit to wholesome activities rather than falling to the local adolescent culture of alcohol and violence . The sport of football was barely 15 years from the writing of its own rulebook . The club had no immediate option of using or constructing a stadium , and thus most of their first locations were nothing more than painted lines and goalposts . As the club reformed and changed its name twice between 1880 and 1887 , soits choice of locations were a series of low-cost , short-term solutions when their current location became untenable . In 1887 , when City moved to their sixth pitch in only eight years , they had the money , ambition , reputation and stability to construct themselves a more permanent base of operations , at the stadium named Hyde Road .

neg: Netherley, Liverpool Netherley is an area in the city of Liverpool , Merseyside , England . It is bordered by Belle Vale and situated near to Huyton , Tarbock and Halewood .   Netherley is in Liverpool City Council ward of Belle Vale . At the 2001 Census , Netherley had a population of 8,068 ( 3,703 males , 4,365 females ) .

neg: Aintree Racecourse Aintree Racecourse is a racecourse in Aintree , Merseyside , England . The racecourse is best known for annually holding the world-famous Grand National steeplechase .

neg: Lancaster City F.C. Lancaster City Football Club is an English football club based in Lancaster , Lancashire . The club are currently members of Northern Premier League Division One North and play at Giant Axe .

neg: Liverpool Old Boys' Amateur Football League The Liverpool Old Boys ' Amateur Football League is an association football competition based in Liverpool , England . Founded in 1923 , it currently hosts 44 teams across four divisions . Whilst no formal arrangements exist , its highest level frequently serves as a supplier of clubs to the Liverpool County Premier League . As such , the competition can be said to occupy placings at levels 14 to 17 of the English football league system .

neg: East Lancashire derby The East Lancashire Derby also known as the `` Cotton Mills Derby '' is a football match between Blackburn Rovers F.C. and Burnley F.C. . The nickname originates from the fact that Blackburn and Burnley were former mill towns .   The first ever competitive league match between these two former English football champions and founder members of the Football League , took place at Turf Moor on 3 November 1888 , Blackburn won the game 7 -- 1 . Blackburn also won the return fixture at Ewood Park 4 -- 2 . From a town standpoint there is an obvious geographical reason for the rivalry as the two Lancashire towns only lie 11 miles ( 18 km ) apart . Accrington Stanley F.C. stands in the middle , but is not taken seriously as a rival by either . Another alleged reason for the increased hostilities is that Blackburn complained to the Football League about Burnley 's illegal number of Scottish players in the 1890s .   Blackburn Rovers were founded in 1875 and in the following years , many other clubs were formed in the region such as Accrington F.C. in 1886 and Clitheroe Central in 1877 , due to football being passionately taken up by the area . Another such club was Burnley Rovers , who started out as a rugby club until changing codes in 1882 .

neg: Blackburn Rovers F.C. Blackburn Rovers Football Club -LSB- ˈblækbɜrn_ˈroʊvərz -RSB- is a professional association football club based in Ewood , Blackburn in the county of Lancashire , England . It competes in League One following its relegation from the Championship at the conclusion of the 2016 -- 17 season .   The club was established in 1875 , becoming a founding member of The Football League in 1888 . It is one of only three clubs to have been both a founder member of the Football League and the Premier League ( the others being Aston Villa and Everton ) . In 1890 , Rovers moved to Ewood Park . Blackburn Rovers have been English champions three times , and have won six FA Cups and one Football League Cup . Blackburn are the only extant club to have won three consecutive FA Cups . The club has spent the majority of its existence in the top flight of English football ( 72 years ) .   In 1992 , Rovers gained promotion to the new Premier League a year after being taken over by local entrepreneur Jack Walker , who installed Kenny Dalglish as manager . In 1995 , Rovers became Premier League champions . In the 1998 -- 99 season , the club was relegated . It was promoted back to the Premier League two years later , in the 2000 -- 01 season . It has qualified for the UEFA Cup four times : once as League Cup winners , twice as the Premier League 's sixth-placed team and once via the Intertoto Cup . The 2011 -- 12 season marked the club 's 72nd , non-consecutive , year in the top flight . Rovers are currently one of only six clubs to have won the Premier League , along with Arsenal , Chelsea , Manchester United , Manchester City and Leicester City .   The club 's motto is `` Arte et Labore '' , `` By Skill and Hard Work '' in Latin .

neg: Liverpool Blues (Australian rules football) The Liverpool Blues were an Australian rules football team in Liverpool , England , who competed in the British Australian Rules Football League .

neg: 2013–14 Everton F.C. season The 2013 -- 14 season was Everton 's 22nd season in the Premier League and 60th consecutive season in the top division of English football . It was also Everton 's 115th season of league football and 117th season in all competitions . It was the first season without David Moyes as manager since 2002 , with Moyes leaving Everton to succeed Alex Ferguson as manager of Manchester United . In addition , the club crest was redesigned ahead of this season for the first time since 2000 . On 5 June 2013 , Roberto Martínez was announced as the new Everton manager , having left his post at relegated FA Cup holders Wigan Athletic . Everton finished in sixth position in the domestic league in the previous season , missing out on qualification for the UEFA Europa League , meaning it failed to qualify for any European competitions for the fourth season running .   Everton 's Premier League campaign began in August 2013 with Martínez changing their style of play to a possession based , attractive brand of football which initially led to three successive draws to start the season . A first victory came in the next match 1 -- 0 against Chelsea and by Christmas Everton had only suffered one defeat , a run which included a win over Moyes ' Manchester United , the first time the club had tasted success at Old Trafford in 21 years . The team almost went an entire year unbeaten at home but lost 1 -- 0 against Sunderland on Boxing Day . Everton 's progress stalled somewhat in the early part of 2014 with three losses in four games against Liverpool , Tottenham Hotspur and Chelsea , before winning seven league games in a row for the first time since 1987 . The spell contained perhaps Everton 's best performance of the season when they defeated Arsenal 3 -- 0 . The streak was ended with a 3 -- 2 home defeat by Crystal Palace , but Everton returned to do the double over Manchester United for the first time since 1969 . Moyes was sacked as their manager a day later . Two defeats in a row after this ended Everton 's Champions League hopes but a finish of 5th in the league table is their highest in five years with Everton qualifying for next season 's Europa League . Martínez utilised the loan market during the season , with Romelu Lukaku ( on loan from Chelsea ) being Everton 's top scorer with 16 goals in all competitions . The emergence of young players such as Ross Barkley , John Stones and summer signing James McCarthy was also a feature of his debut season in charge , with Barkley going on to be selected for England 's World Cup squad . Right back Séamus Coleman was named Everton 's player of the year .   In the cup competitions Everton lost in the sixth round of the FA Cup ( entered at round three ) and the third round of the League Cup ( entered at round two ) .

neg: Maidstone United F.C. Maidstone United Football Club is a professional English football club based in Maidstone , Kent . They currently compete in the National League , the fifth tier of English football .   The current club filled the void left by the old Maidstone United , which was a member of The Football League between 1989 and 1992 . That club was forced out of the league through bankruptcy but the nucleus of a new club was built around the youth squad . Maidstone Invicta were originally a youth team but made the step up to adult football in 1992 being elected to the Kent County League Fourth Division in 1993 and subsequently progressed through the non-league pyramid . They changed their name to Maidstone United in 1995 . They played in the Isthmian League Premier Division from 2013 having been promoted from the Isthmian League Division One South and won the league in the 2014 -- 15 season to gain promotion to the National League South ( formerly the Conference South ) for the 2015 -- 16 season . Maidstone gained a second successive promotion to the National League in 2016 , bringing fifth-tier football back to the town for the first time since the old club was promoted to the Football League in 1989 .   Maidstone were without a stadium of their own from their creation until 2012 when the Gallagher Stadium , located near Maidstone town centre , was opened at the start of the 2012 -- 13 season .


query: The United Kingdom is an unindustrialized country.

pos: United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland , commonly known as the United Kingdom ( UK ) or Britain , is a sovereign country in western Europe . Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland , the United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain , the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands . Northern Ireland is the only part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with another sovereign statethe Republic of Ireland.Although Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign state , two of its Overseas Territories also share land borders with other sovereign countries . Gibraltar shares a border with Spain , while the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia share borders with the Republic of Cyprus , the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus and the UN buffer zone separating the two Cypriot polities . Apart from this land border , the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean , with the North Sea to its east , the English Channel to its south and the Celtic Sea to its south-south-west , giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world . The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland . With an area of 242500 km2 , the United Kingdom is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world and the 11th-largest in Europe . It is also the 21st-most populous country , with an estimated 65.1 million inhabitants . Together , this makes it the fourth-most densely populated country in the European Union ( EU ) .   The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system of governance . The monarch is Queen Elizabeth II , who has reigned since 6 February 1952 . The capital of the United Kingdom and its largest city is London , a global city and financial centre with an urban area population of 10.3 million , the fourth-largest in Europe and second-largest in the European Union . Other major urban areas in the United Kingdom include the conurbations centred on Birmingham , Leeds , Glasgow , Liverpool and Manchester . The United Kingdom consists of four countries -- England , Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland . The last three have devolved administrations , each with varying powers , based in their capitals , Edinburgh , Cardiff and Belfast , respectively . The nearby Isle of Man , Bailiwick of Guernsey and Bailiwick of Jersey are not part of the United Kingdom , being Crown dependencies with the British Government responsible for defence and international representation .   The relationships among the countries of the UK have changed over time . Wales was annexed by the Kingdom of England under the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542 . A treaty between England and Scotland resulted in 1707 in a unified Kingdom of Great Britain , which merged in 1801 with the Kingdom of Ireland to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland . Five-sixths of Ireland seceded from the UK in 1922 , leaving the present formulation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.The Anglo-Irish Treaty was signed on 6 December 1921 to resolve the Irish War of Independence . When it took effect one year later , it established the Irish Free State as a separate dominion within the Commonwealth . The UK 's current name was adopted to reflect the change . There are fourteen British Overseas Territories . These are the remnants of the British Empire which , at its height in the 1920s , encompassed almost a quarter of the world 's land mass and was the largest empire in history . British influence can be observed in the language , culture and legal systems of many of its former colonies .   The United Kingdom is a developed country and has the world 's fifth-largest economy by nominal GDP and ninth-largest economy by purchasing power parity . The UK is considered to have a high-income economy and is categorised as very high in the Human Development Index , ranking 16th in the world . It was the world 's first industrialised country and the world 's foremost power during the 19th and early 20th centuries . The UK remains a great power with considerable economic , cultural , military , scientific and political influence internationally . It is a recognised nuclear weapons state and is seventh in military expenditure in the world . The UK has been a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council since its first session in 1946 . It has been a leading member state of the EU and its predecessor , the European Economic Community ( EEC ) , since 1973 . However , on 23 June 2016 , a national referendum on the UK 's membership of the EU resulted in a decision to leave , and its exit from the EU is currently being negotiated . The UK is also a member of the Commonwealth of Nations , the Council of Europe , the G7 finance ministers , the G7 forum , the G20 , NATO , the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ( OECD ) , and the World Trade Organization ( WTO ) .

neg: Crown Estate The Crown Estate is a collection of lands and holdings in the United Kingdom belonging to the British monarch as a corporation sole , making it the `` Sovereign 's public estate '' , which is neither government property nor part of the monarch 's private estate . As a result of this arrangement , the sovereign is not involved with the management or administration of the estate , exercising only very limited control of its affairs . Instead , the estate 's extensive portfolio is overseen by a semi-independent , incorporated public body headed by the Crown Estate Commissioners , who exercise `` the powers of ownership '' of the estate , although they are not `` owners in their own right '' . The revenues from these hereditary possessions have been placed by the monarch at the disposition of Her Majesty 's Government and thus proceed directly to Her Majesty 's Treasury for the benefit of the British nation . The Crown Estate is formally accountable to the Parliament of the United Kingdom , where it is legally mandated to make an annual report to the sovereign , a copy of which is forwarded to the House of Commons .   The Crown Estate is one of the largest property managers in the United Kingdom , overseeing property worth # 12 billion , with urban properties valued at # 9.1 billion representing the majority of the estate by value . These include a large number of properties in central London , but the estate also controls 792000 ha of agricultural land and forest , more than half of the UK 's foreshore , and retains various other traditional holdings and rights , including Ascot Racecourse and Windsor Great Park . Naturally occurring gold and silver in the UK , collectively known as `` Mines Royal '' , are managed by The Crown Estate and leased to mining operators .   Historically , Crown Estate properties were administered by the reigning monarch to help fund the business of governing the country . However , in 1760 , George III surrendered control over the Estate 's revenues to the treasury , thus relieving him of the responsibility of personally paying for the costs of the civil service , defence costs , the national debt , and his own personal debts . In return , he received an annual grant known as the Civil list . By tradition , each subsequent monarch agreed to this arrangement upon his or her accession . However , from 1 April 2012 , under the terms of the Sovereign Grant Act 2011 ( SSG ) , the Civil List was abolished and the monarch was thenceforth provided with a stable source of revenue indexed to a percentage of the Crown Estate 's annual net revenue ( currently set at 15 % ) . This was intended to provide a long-term solution and remove the politically sensitive issue of Parliament having to debate the Civil List allowance every ten years . Subsequently , the Sovereign Grant Act allows for all future monarchs to simply extend these provisions for their reigns by Order in Council . The act does not imply any legal change on the nature of the estate 's ownership , but is simply a benchmark by which the sovereign grant is set as a grant by Parliament .

neg: Great Depression in the United Kingdom The Great Depression in the United Kingdom , also known as the Great Slump , was a period of national economic downturn in the 1930s , which had its origins in the global Great Depression . It was Britain 's largest and most profound economic depression of the 20th century . The Great Depression originated in the United States in late 1929 and quickly spread to the world . Britain had never experienced the boom that had characterized the U.S. , Germany , Canada and Australia in the 1920s , so its effect appeared less severe . Britain 's world trade fell by half ( 1929 -- 33 ) , the output of heavy industry fell by a third , employment profits plunged in nearly all sectors . At the depth in summer 1932 , registered unemployed numbered 3.5 million , and many more had only part-time employment .   Particularly hardest hit by economic problems were the industrial and mining areas in the north of England , Scotland , Northern Ireland and Wales . Unemployment reached 70 % in some areas at the start of the 1930s ( with more than 3 million out of work nationally ) and many families depended entirely on payments from local government known as the dole . Politically the Conservative Party dominated the era and the Labour Party was seriously hurt .

neg: European social model The European social model is a common vision many European states have for a society that combines economic growth with high living standards and good working conditions . Historian Tony Judt has argued that the European social model `` binds Europe together '' in contrast to the ` American way of life ' .   European states do not all use a single social model , but welfare states in Europe do share several broad characteristics . These generally include a commitment to full employment , social protections for all citizens , social inclusion , and democracy . Examples common among European countries include universal health care , free higher education , strong labor protections and regulations , and generous welfare programs in areas such as unemployment insurance , retirement pensions , and public housing . The Treaty of the European Community set out several social objectives : promotion of employment , improved living and working conditions ... proper social protection , dialogue between management and labour , the development of human resources with a view to lasting high employment and the combating of exclusion . Because different European states focus on different aspects of the model , it has been argued that there are four distinct social models in Europe -- the Nordic , British , Mediterranean and the Continental .   The general outlines of a European social model emerged during the post-war boom . Tony Judt lists a number of causes : the abandonment of protectionism , the baby boom , cheap energy , and a desire to catch up with living standards enjoyed in the United States . The European social model also enjoyed a low degree of external competition as the Soviet bloc , China and India were not yet integrated into the global economy . In recent years , it has become common to question whether the European social model is sustainable in the face of low birthrates , globalisation , Europeanisation and an ageing population .

neg: United Kingdom company law The United Kingdom company law regulates corporations formed under the Companies Act 2006 . Also governed by the Insolvency Act 1986 , the UK Corporate Governance Code , European Union Directives and court cases , the company is the primary legal vehicle to organise and run business . Tracing their modern history to the late Industrial Revolution , public companies now employ more people and generate more of wealth in the United Kingdom economy than any other form of organisation . The United Kingdom was the first country to draft modern corporation statutes , where through a simple registration procedure any investors could incorporate , limit liability to their commercial creditors in the event of business insolvency , and where management was delegated to a centralised board of directors . An influential model within Europe , the Commonwealth and as an international standard setter , UK law has always given people broad freedom to design the internal company rules , so long as the mandatory minimum rights of investors under its legislation are complied with .   Company law , or corporate law , can be broken down into two main fields . Corporate governance in the UK mediates the rights and duties among shareholders , employees , creditors and directors . Since the board of directors habitually possesses the power to manage the business under a company constitution , a central theme is what mechanisms exist to ensure directors ' accountability . UK law is `` shareholder friendly '' in that shareholders , to the exclusion of employees , typically exercise sole voting rights in the general meeting . The general meeting holds a series of minimum rights to change the company constitution , issue resolutions and remove members of the board . In turn , directors owe a set of duties to their companies . Directors must carry out their responsibilities with competence , in good faith and undivided loyalty to the enterprise . If the mechanisms of voting do not prove enough , particularly for minority shareholders , directors ' duties and other member rights may be vindicated in court . Of central importance in public and listed companies is the securities market , typified by the London Stock Exchange . Through the Takeover Code the UK strongly protects the right of shareholders to be treated equally and freely trade their shares .   Corporate finance concerns the two money raising options for limited companies . Equity finance involves the traditional method of issuing shares to build up a company 's capital . Shares can contain any rights the company and purchaser wish to contract for , but generally grant the right to participate in dividends after a company earns profits and the right to vote in company affairs . A purchaser of shares is helped to make an informed decision directly by prospectus requirements of full disclosure , and indirectly through restrictions on financial assistance by companies for purchase of their own shares . Debt finance means getting loans , usually for the price of a fixed annual interest repayment . Sophisticated lenders , such as banks typically contract for a security interest over the assets of a company , so that in the event of default on loan repayments they may seize the company 's property directly to satisfy debts . Creditors are also , to some extent , protected by courts ' power to set aside unfair transactions before a company goes under , or recoup money from negligent directors engaged in wrongful trading . If a company is unable to pay its debts as they fall due , UK insolvency law requires an administrator to attempt a rescue of the company ( if the company itself has the assets to pay for this ) . If rescue proves impossible , a company 's life ends when its assets are liquidated , distributed to creditors and the company is struck off the register . If a company becomes insolvent with no assets it can be wound up by a creditor , for a fee ( not that common ) , or more commonly by the tax creditor ( HMRC ) .

neg: British intelligence agencies The Government of the United Kingdom maintains intelligence agencies within several different government departments . The agencies are responsible for collecting and producing foreign and domestic intelligence , providing military intelligence , performing espionage and counter-espionage . Their intelligence assessments contribute to the conduct of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom , maintaining the national security of the United Kingdom , military planning and law enforcement in the United Kingdom . The three main agencies are the Secret Intelligence Service ( MI6 ) , the Security Service ( MI5 ) , and the Government Communications Headquarters .   The history of the organisations goes back to the 19th century . The decryption of the Zimmermann Telegram in 1917 was described as the most significant intelligence triumph for Britain during World War I , and one of the earliest occasions on which a piece of signals intelligence influenced world events . During the Second World War and afterwards , many observers regarded Ultra as immensely valuable to the Allies of World War II . In the post-war period , intelligence cooperation between the United Kingdom and the United States became the cornerstone of Western intelligence gathering and the `` Special Relationship '' between the UK and the USA .

neg: Culture of the United Kingdom The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK 's history as a developed island country , a liberal democracy and a major power ; its predominantly Christian religious life ; and its composition of four countries -- England , Wales , Scotland and Northern Ireland -- each of which has distinct customs , cultures and symbolism . The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture , and Humanism , Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture .   British literature , music , cinema , art , theatre , comedy , media , television , philosophy , architecture and education are important aspects of British culture . The United Kingdom is also prominent in science and technology , producing world-leading scientists ( e.g. Isaac Newton and Charles Darwin ) and inventions . Sport is an important part of British culture ; numerous sports originated in the country , including football . The UK has been described as a `` cultural superpower '' , and London has been described as a world cultural capital .   The Industrial Revolution , which started in the UK , had a profound effect on the socio-economic and cultural conditions of the world . As a result of the British Empire , significant British influence can be observed in the language , law , culture and institutions of a geographically wide assortment of countries , including Australia , Canada , India , the Republic of Ireland , New Zealand , Nigeria , Pakistan , South Africa , the United States and English speaking Caribbean nations . These states are sometimes collectively known as the Anglosphere , and are among Britain 's closest allies . In turn the empire also influenced British culture , particularly British cuisine .   The cultures of England , Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland are diverse and have varying degrees of overlap and distinctiveness .

neg: Rhodesia's Unilateral Declaration of Independence The Unilateral Declaration of Independence ( UDI ) was a statement adopted by the Cabinet of Rhodesia on 11 November 1965 , announcing that Rhodesia , a British territory in southern Africa that had governed itself since 1923 , now regarded itself as an independent sovereign state . The culmination of a protracted dispute between the British and Rhodesian governments regarding the terms under which the latter could become fully independent , it was the first unilateral break from the United Kingdom by one of its colonies since the United States Declaration of Independence nearly two centuries before . Britain , the Commonwealth and the United Nations all deemed Rhodesia 's UDI illegal , and economic sanctions , the first in the UN 's history , were imposed on the breakaway colony . Amid near-complete international isolation , Rhodesia continued as an unrecognised state with the assistance of South Africa and Portugal .   The Rhodesian government , which mostly comprised members of the country 's white minority of about 5 % , was indignant when , amid decolonisation and the Wind of Change , less developed African colonies to the north without comparable experience of self-rule quickly advanced to independence during the early 1960s while Rhodesia was refused sovereignty under the newly ascendant principle of `` no independence before majority rule '' ( `` NIBMAR '' ) . Most white Rhodesians felt that they were due independence following four decades ' self-government , and that Britain was betraying them by withholding it . This combined with the colonial government 's acute reluctance to hand over power to black nationalists -- the manifestation of racial tensions , Cold War anti-communism and the fear that a dystopian Congo-style situation might result -- to create the impression that if Britain did not grant independence , Rhodesia might be justified in taking it unilaterally .   Stalemate developed between the British and Rhodesian Prime Ministers , Harold Wilson and Ian Smith respectively , between 1964 and 1965 . Dispute largely surrounded the British condition that the terms for independence had to be acceptable `` to the people of the country as a whole '' ; Smith contended that this was met , while Britain and black nationalist leaders in Rhodesia held that it was not . After Wilson proposed in late October 1965 that Britain might safeguard future black representation in the Rhodesian parliament by withdrawing some of the colonial government 's devolved powers , then presented terms for an investigatory Royal Commission that the Rhodesians found unacceptable , Smith and his Cabinet declared independence . Calling this treasonous , the British colonial Governor Sir Humphrey Gibbs formally dismissed Smith and his government , but they ignored him and appointed an `` Officer Administering the Government '' to take his place .   While no country recognised UDI , the Rhodesian High Court deemed the post-UDI government legal and de jure in 1968 . The Smith administration initially professed continued loyalty to Queen Elizabeth II , but abandoned this in 1970 when it declared a republic in an unsuccessful attempt to win foreign recognition . The Rhodesian Bush War , a guerrilla conflict between the government and two rival communist-backed black nationalist groups , began in earnest two years later , and after several attempts to end the war Smith agreed the Internal Settlement with non-militant nationalists in 1978 . Under these terms the country was reconstituted under black rule as Zimbabwe Rhodesia in June 1979 , but this new order was rejected by the guerrillas and the international community . The Bush War continued until Zimbabwe Rhodesia revoked UDI as part of the Lancaster House Agreement in December 1979 . Following a brief period of direct British rule , the country was granted internationally recognised independence under the name Zimbabwe in 1980 .

neg: One-nation conservatism One-nation conservatism ( also known as one-nationism , or Tory democracy ) is a form of British political conservatism that views society as organic and values paternalism and pragmatism . The phrase `` One-nation Tory '' originated with Benjamin Disraeli ( 1804 -- 1881 ) , who served as the chief Conservative spokesman and became Prime Minister in February 1868 . He devised it to appeal to working-class men as a solution to worsening divisions in society through introducing factory and health Acts , as well as greater protection for workers .   As a political philosophy , one-nation conservatism reflects the belief that societies exist and develop organically , and that members within them have obligations towards each other . There is particular emphasis on the paternalistic obligation of those who are privileged and wealthy to the poorer parts of society .   The ideology featured heavily during Disraeli 's terms in government , during which considerable social reforms were passed . Towards the end of the 19th century , the party moved away from paternalism in favour of free market capitalism , but fears of extremism during the interwar period caused the revival of one-nation conservatism . The philosophy continued to be held by the Conservative party throughout the post-war consensus , influencing the decision to maintain Labour government keynesian intervention in the economy , forming a welfare state and National Health Service . Later years saw the rise of the New Right , which attributed the country 's social and economic troubles to one-nation conservatism . David Cameron , former leader of the Conservative Party , named Disraeli as his favourite Conservative and some commentators and MPs have suggested that Cameron 's ideology contains an element of one-nationism . Other commentators have questioned the degree to which Cameron and his coalition have embodied One-Nation Conservatism , instead locating them in the intellectual tradition of Thatcherism . In 2016 , Cameron 's successor , Theresa May , referred to herself as a one-nation conservative in her first speech as prime minister and outlined her focus on social justice .

neg: Geology of South Wales South Wales is an area with many features of outstanding interest to geologists , who have for long used the area for University field trips .   This varied and accessible region has provided a written record of geological interest that dates to the 12th century , when Giraldus Cambrensis noted pyritous shales near Newport . Some of the first published representations of fossils were of fossil plants from coal measures near Neath ( Gibson late 17th century ) . The British geologists Adam Sedgwick and Roderick Murchison did fundamentally important work in South Wales on Old Red Sandstone and the underlying rocks . The first volume of memoirs ( 1846 ) published by the Geological Survey contained a conspectus of the geology of South Wales that set a template for all future work .   Significant discoveries continue to be made . For instance , in Carmarthenshire , in the late 70s , John Cope detected a small area of Precambrian and Cambrian rocks . Other parts of South Wales , however , have not seen a Geological Survey officer since the mid-19th century . The geology of south Wales was central to the massive contribution Wales made to the Industrial Revolution .   Several successive periods are represented , including all of the Palaeozoic periods . Pembrokeshire has outcrops of both Precambrian and Cambrian ( 542-488 million years ago ) rocks . A notable feature of the Ordovician system ( 488-444 million years old ) is a major subsidence area , or basin , which later filled with substantial thicknesses of mostly sandy and muddy sediment . The line of the shallower continental shelf area , to the south-east , ran approximately from the Long Mynd ( in Shropshire ) to Haverfordwest in Pembrokeshire . Some volcanic action also occurred . This thick sedimentary deposition continued into the Silurian period ( 444-416 million years old ) . Silurian volcanicity led to production of lavas at localised sites such as Skomer Island .   Silurian rocks are widely distributed in south Wales and are well displayed on the Cardiganshire coast . The Silurian and earlier rocks were folded , faulted , and distorted several times , notably during the late Ordovician , and late Silurian , by which time the area had begun to rise above sea level as mountain ranges were uplifted to the north-west . This was caused by the collision of a proto-North America ( `` Laurentia '' ) and the present southern Britain ( `` Eastern Avalonia '' ) . The intervening sea , the Iapetus Ocean , closed as a result of plate tectonic movements , similar to those that now close the Mediterranean Sea between Europe and Africa .   The succeeding Devonian period ( 416-359 million years ago ) saw mostly alluvial deposits ( `` Old Red Sandstone '' ) , which were interrupted by major uplift . Following this , the land subsided again in the Carboniferous period ( 359-299 million years ago ) . In the early Carboniferous period , limestones were deposited on a continental shelf , which deepened towards the south where there was a major sea area . During earth movements caused by the approach of a continent from the south , sea shallowing led to thick alluvial and coastal plain sediments ( see below ) containing economic developments of coal . Carboniferous Limestone outcrops occur in south Pembrokeshire , the Gower Peninsula , the Vale of Glamorgan and around the edge of the coalfield .   At the end of the Carboniferous , during Permian ( 299-251 my ago ) time , Wales is thought to have been a landmass . Only in late Triassic ( 251-200 my ago ) times did deposition return , with coarse-grained screes forming around a series of low but rugged hills . Continuing deposition led to the formation of the early Jurassic deposits of mudstones and muddy limestones ( the `` Lias '' ) . Deposits later than this are almost completely absent , although the Chalk sea probably covered most of Wales between 100 and 66 million years ago . Any such later deposits have been eroded away .   One of the geological rarities of south Wales is the coastline of St Brides Major at Ogmore-by-Sea and Southerndown . Its cliffs are composed partly of earliest Jurassic Sutton stone , a rare freestone that is a marginal or coastal deposit derived in part from erosion of carboniferous limestone . Sutton stone has always been highly regarded : as well as being used in construction throughout the Vale of Glamorgan , it was also shipped over the Bristol Channel to North Devon and North Cornwall , which are both deficient in limestone .   A major geological feature of the Upper Carboniferous rocks in south Wales is the south Wales coalfield . The rocks comprising this important area were laid down during the later Carboniferous . This sedimentary succession includes a sequence with a thickness of more than 1800 m in the west . The coal measures were laid down on a low-lying waterlogged plain with peat mires immediately south of an ancient and persistent geological feature known as the Wales-London-Brabant High . Burial converted the peat deposits to thinner coal seams . Later earth movements distorted the coal-bearing strata , and the difficulty of mining led to premature closure of many mines on economic grounds , especially in Pembrokeshire where seams were squeezed completely out of shape .

neg: Race and crime in the United Kingdom The relationship between race and crime in the United Kingdom is the subject of academic studies , government surveys , media coverage , and public concern . Under the Criminal Justice Act 1991 , section 95 , the government collects annual statistics based on race and crime .   These statistics have highlighted differences in rates of crime between racial groups , and some commentators have suggested cultural explanations for these differences .

neg: Trinidadian and Tobagonian British Trinidadian and Tobagonian British people are citizens or residents of the United Kingdom whose ethnic origins lie fully or partially in Trinidad and Tobago .

neg: Geography of Lincolnshire The ceremonial county of Lincolnshire ( composed of the shire county of Lincolnshire , plus the unitary authorities of North Lincolnshire and North-East Lincolnshire ) is the second largest of the English counties and one that is predominantly agricultural in character . Despite its relatively large physical area , it has a comparatively small population ( of less than 1 million people ) . The unusually low population density that arises gives the county a very different character from the much more densely populated an urbanised counties of south-east and northern England , and is , in many ways , key to understanding the nature of the county ( and perhaps even its people ) .

neg: Urban area An urban area is a human settlement with high population density and infrastructure of built environment . Urban areas are created through urbanization and are categorized by urban morphology as cities , towns , conurbations or suburbs . In urbanism , the term contrasts to rural areas such as villages and hamlets and in urban sociology or urban anthropology it contrasts with natural environment . The creation of early predecessors of urban areas during the urban revolution led to the creation of human civilization with modern urban planning , which along with other human activities such as exploitation of natural resources leads to human impact on the environment .   The world 's urban population in 1950 of just 746 million has increased to 3.9 billion in the decades since . In 2009 , the number of people living in urban areas ( 3.42 billion ) surpassed the number living in rural areas ( 3.41 billion ) and since then the world has become more urban than rural . This was the first time that the majority of the world 's population lived in a city . In 2014 there were 7.25 billion people living on the planet , of which the global urban population comprised 3.9 billion . The Population Division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs at that time predicted the urban population would grow to 6.4 billion by 2050 , with 37 % of that growth to come from three countries : China , India and Nigeria .   Urban areas are created and further developed by the process of urbanization . Urban areas are measured for various purposes , including analyzing population density and urban sprawl .   Unlike an urban area , a metropolitan area includes not only the urban area , but also satellite cities plus intervening rural land that is socio-economically connected to the urban core city , typically by employment ties through commuting , with the urban core city being the primary labor market .

neg: Centre points of the United Kingdom There has long been debate over the exact location of the geographical centre of the United Kingdom , and its constituent countries , due to the complexity and method of the calculation , such as whether to include offshore islands , and the fact that erosion will cause the position to change over time . There are two main methods of calculating this `` centre '' : either as the centroid of the two-dimensional shape made by the country ( projected to the Airy ellipsoid then flattened using the Transverse Mercator projection ) , or as the point farthest from the boundary of the country ( either the sea , or , in the case of constituent countries , a land border ) . These two methods give quite different answers .

neg: History of Bangladeshis in the United Kingdom Bangladeshis are one of the largest immigrant communities in the United Kingdom . Significant numbers of ethnic Bengali and ethnic Sylheti peoples arrived as early as the 17th century , mostly as lascar seamen working on ships . Following the founding of Bangladesh in 1971 , a large immigration to Britain took place during the 1970s , leading to the establishment of a British Bangladeshi community . Bangladeshis were encouraged to move to Britain during that decade because of changes in immigration laws , natural disasters such as the Bhola cyclone , the Bangladesh Liberation War against Pakistan , and the desire to escape poverty , and the perception of a better living led Sylheti men bringing their families.Murshid , Ghulam . 2008 . The call of the sea : History of Bangali in Britain -LSB- in Bengali : Kalapanir hatchani : Bilete  Bangaleer itihash -RSB- ( Dhaka , Abosar ) . During the 1970s and 1980s , they experienced institutionalised racism and racial attacks by organised ultra-right fascist groups such as National Front and British Nationalist Party .

neg: Geography of London London is the largest urban area and capital city of the United Kingdom , located in southeastern Great Britain . The London region covers an area of 1579 km2 , and had a population of 7,172,036 in 2001 and a population density of 4,542 people per square kilometre . A larger area , referred to as the London Metropolitan Region or the London Metropolitan Agglomeration covers an area of 8382 km2 , and had a population of 12,653,500 and a population density of 1,510 people per square kilometre . London is a port on the Thames ( see main article Port of London ) , a navigable river . The river has had a major influence on the development of the city . London began on the Thames ' north bank and for a long time the main focus of the city remained on the north side of the Thames . For many centuries London Bridge was the only bridge in or close to the city . When more bridges were built in the 18th century , the city expanded in all directions as the mostly flat or gently rolling countryside presented no obstacle to growth .

neg: Kingdom of Great Britain The United Kingdom of Great Britain , officially Great Britain , was a sovereign state in western Europe from 1 May 1707 to 31 December 1800 . The state came into being following the Treaty of Union in 1706 , ratified by the Acts of Union 1707 , which united the kingdoms of England and Scotland to form a single kingdom encompassing the whole island of Great Britain and its outlying islands . It did not include Ireland , which remained a separate realm . The unitary state was governed by a single parliament and government that was based in Westminster . The former kingdoms had been in personal union since James VI , King of Scots , became King of England and King of Ireland in 1603 following the death of Queen Elizabeth I , bringing about a `` Union of the Crowns '' . Also after the accession of George I to the throne of Great Britain in 1714 , the kingdom was in a personal union with the Electorate of Hanover .   The early years of the unified kingdom were marked by Jacobite risings which ended in defeat for the Stuart cause at Culloden in 1746 . Later on in 1763 , victory in the Seven Years ' War led to the dominance of the British Empire , which was to become the foremost global power for over a century and later grew to become the largest empire in history .   On 1 January 1801 , the kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland were merged to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland . In 1922 , five-sixths of Ireland seceded from the United Kingdom and the state was renamed the `` United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland '' -- a title it has retained to date .

neg: Healthcare in Scotland Healthcare in Scotland is mainly provided by Scotland 's public health service , NHS Scotland . It provides healthcare to all permanent residents free at the point of need and paid for from general taxation . Health is a matter that is devolved , and considerable differences have developed between the public healthcare systems in the different countries of the United Kingdom . Though the public system dominates healthcare provision , private healthcare and a wide variety of alternative and complementary treatments are available for those willing to pay .

neg: Commonwealth realm A Commonwealth realm is a sovereign state that is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations and shares the same person , currently Elizabeth II , as its head of state and reigning constitutional monarch , but retains a crown legally distinct from the other realms . As of 2017 , there are 16 Commonwealth realms : Antigua and Barbuda , Australia , Barbados , Belize , Canada , Grenada , Jamaica , New Zealand , Papua New Guinea , Saint Kitts and Nevis , Saint Lucia , Saint Vincent and the Grenadines , Solomon Islands , The Bahamas , Tuvalu and the United Kingdom .   The Statute of Westminster 1931 provided for the then Dominions -- named therein as Canada , Australia , New Zealand , the Union of South Africa , the Irish Free State , and Newfoundland -- to have full or nearly full legislative independence as equal members of the British Commonwealth of Nations , having , together with the United Kingdom , one person as the sovereign of each . Subsequently , India and Pakistan ( both in 1947 ) and Ceylon ( in 1948 ) became Dominions . By the early 1950s , in order to reflect the equality between the countries in that group , each ( including the United Kingdom , but not the former Irish Free State and India , which had by that time become republics ) came to be known as a realm . The word was formally used in Britain 's proclamation of Elizabeth II as queen in 1952 and was adopted for the modern royal styles and titles under the legislation enacted by the individual countries . The principle was applied to other countries as they became Commonwealth realms , having sovereign status granted directly . The phrase Commonwealth realm , though used officially , is not a statutory term .

neg: Unionism in England In England , Unionism is a political ideology which favours the continuation of some form of political union between England and the other countries of the United Kingdom ( Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland ) . It is part of the wider British unionist movement and is closely linked to the notion of Britishness . Unionism in England is characterised by both opposition to England 's independence as a separate state and the belief that Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland should continue to be constituent countries of the Union .


query: Ellen DeGeneres is a host of a television show.

pos: Ellen DeGeneres Ellen Lee DeGeneres ( -LSB- dᵻˈdʒɛnərᵻs -RSB- born January 26 , 1958 ) is an American comedian , television host , actress , writer , and producer . DeGeneres starred in the popular sitcom Ellen from 1994 to 1998 and has hosted her syndicated TV talk show , The Ellen DeGeneres Show , since 2003 .   Her stand-up career started in the early 1980s , and included a 1986 appearance on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson . As a film actress , DeGeneres starred in Mr. Wrong ( 1996 ) , appeared in EDtv ( 1999 ) , and The Love Letter ( 1999 ) , and provided the voice of Dory in the Pixar animated films Finding Nemo ( 2003 ) and Finding Dory ( 2016 ) ; for Nemo , she was awarded the Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress , the first time an actress won a Saturn Award for a voice performance . In 2010 , she was a judge on American Idol for its ninth season .   She starred in two television sitcoms , Ellen from 1994 to 1998 , and The Ellen Show from 2001 to 2002 . During the fourth season of Ellen in 1997 , she came out as a lesbian in an appearance on The Oprah Winfrey Show . Her character , Ellen Morgan , also came out to a therapist played by Winfrey , and the series went on to explore various LGBT issues , including the coming-out process . This made her the first openly lesbian actress to play an openly lesbian character on television . In 2008 , she married her longtime girlfriend Portia de Rossi .   DeGeneres has hosted the Academy Awards , Grammy Awards , and the Primetime Emmys . She has authored three books and started her own record company , Eleveneleven . She has won 29 Emmys , 20 People 's Choice Awards ( more than any other person ) , and numerous other awards for her work and charitable efforts . In 2016 , she received the Presidential Medal of Freedom .

neg: The RuPaul Show The RuPaul Show is an American talk/variety show that premiered on VH1 in 1996 . Hosted by drag performer , RuPaul , the show had many famous musical guests and was notable as being one of the first national television programs in the United States hosted by an openly gay host . Former singer turned radio personality , Michelle Visage was the show 's co-host .

neg: Ellen Fanning Ellen Fanning is an Australian journalist , and Since 2017 she is the host of The Drum ( TV program ) .   Fanning has previously been host of the Nine Network 's Sunday television program .

neg: The X Show The X Show is a magazine , variety , and interview/talk program that aired on FX Network in the US from May 1999 to April 2001 . Running time was originally one hour , but this was later reduced to a half-hour . The show was ` guy-themed ' much like a TV equivalent of Maxim magazine ( e.g. , co-host Daphne Brogdon would conduct hot tub interviews . ) The X Show had numerous hosts and co-hosts , both male and female and would frequently feature spokesmodels . Ava Cadell was featured in segments providing sexual information and Chris Gore would host segments about movies .

neg: The Puppy Episode `` The Puppy Episode '' is a two-part episode of the situation comedy television series Ellen . The episode details lead character Ellen Morgan 's realization that she is a lesbian and her coming out . It was the 22nd and 23rd episode of the series ' 4th season . The episode was written by series star Ellen DeGeneres with Mark Driscoll , Tracy Newman , Dava Savel and Jonathan Stark and directed by Gil Junger . It originally aired on ABC on April 30 , 1997 . The title was used as a code name for Ellen 's coming out so as to keep the whole episode under wraps .   DeGeneres began negotiating with ABC in 1996 to have Morgan come out . When word of the negotiations got out , DeGeneres found herself at the center of intense speculation about when she or her character , or both , would come out . With DeGeneres hinting at her and her character 's coming out both off-screen and within the show , the rumors were confirmed when the episode went into production in March 1997 .   Despite threats from advertisers and religious groups , `` The Puppy Episode '' was an enormous ratings success , won multiple awards and became a cultural phenomenon . Nonetheless , DeGeneres and her show quickly garnered criticism for being `` too gay '' ; the series was canceled after one more season and DeGeneres and guest star Laura Dern faced career backlash .

neg: Iyanla: Fix My Life Iyanla : Fix My Life is an American reality television series hosted by life coach and relationship expert Iyanla Vanzant on the Oprah Winfrey Network . A sneak preview episode aired on June 2 , 2012 , and the series debuted with a two-part series premiere on September 15 and September 16 , 2012 .

neg: Ellen (TV series) Ellen is an American television sitcom that aired on the ABC network from March 29 , 1994 , to July 22 , 1998 , consisting of 109 episodes . The title role is Ellen Morgan , played by stand-up comedian Ellen DeGeneres , a neurotic bookstore owner in her thirties . The title of the series was These Friends of Mine for the first season , but it was subsequently changed to avoid confusion with the NBC series Friends , which premiered in September 1994 .   The series centered on Ellen 's dealing with her quirky friends , her family , and the problems of daily life . The series is notable for being one of the first with a main character to come out as gay , which DeGeneres ' character did in the 1997 episode `` The Puppy Episode '' , which aired shortly after DeGeneres publicly revealed that she was gay in real life . This event received a great deal of media exposure , ignited controversy , and prompted ABC to place a parental advisory at the beginning of each episode .   The series ' theme song ( used in season 3 onwards ) , `` So Called Friend '' , is by Scottish band Texas . A running gag during the third and fourth seasons was that each episode had a distinct/different opening credits sequence ( often with singing and dancing ) , resulting from Ellen 's ongoing search for the perfect opening credits .

neg: The Real (TV series) The Real is an American syndicated talk show . The series initially received a trial run on Fox owned markets in the summer of 2013 . The series was developed as a talk show designed to appeal to younger female viewers who , like the co-hosts , were experiencing new events in their lives . It was green-lit for national syndication later that fall and officially premiered the following year .

neg: DeGeneres DeGeneres is a surname . Notable people with the surname include :   Betty DeGeneres ( born 1930 ) , mother of Ellen DeGeneres and American activist .  Ellen DeGeneres ( born 1958 ) , American stand-up comedian , television hostess , and actress .  Vance DeGeneres ( born 1954 ) , American actor , older brother of Ellen DeGeneres .  Portia de Rossi , or Portia DeGeneres ( born 1973 ) , wife of Ellen DeGeneres and American actress .

neg: Star Jones (TV series) Star Jones is a talk show hosted by former prosecutor Star Jones . A guest-driven live broadcast ( with taped segments ) covering recent stories from the worlds of pop culture , entertainment , crime , and justice , it premiered on August 20 , 2007 on Court TV . On January 31 , 2008 TruTV announced the show would be canceled . The last episode aired on February 1 , 2008 .   The premiere included a discussion of the pros and cons of the CBS reality series Kid Nation and an interview with actor Isaiah Washington . Geraldo Rivera , Shaun Robinson of Access Hollywood , Dr. Marc Lamont Hill , and former CBS morning host Rene Syler were additional guests . Jones ended the program with an `` open letter '' , a regular segment in which she addresses the audience with a closing statement a la Jerry Springer .   In his review in Variety , Brian Lowry described Jones as `` utterly off-putting ... delivering yet another reminder that Oprah Winfrey 's skills are n't easily cloned . '' He referred to her `` scant facility for moderating but an unerring knack for uttering non sequiturs '' and added , `` It 's possible , of course , that Jones and her team will gradually revise the formula to better suit her limitations , but at this point , what she cloyingly refers to as `` the Star treatment '' is , in reality , strictly a third-class affair ... Jones appears poorly cast and will need a TV makeover to linger beyond Court 's name switch to TruTV in January . ''   The one-hour program aired weekdays at 3:00 pm ET/PT .

neg: The Late Show The Late Show may refer to :   The Late Show is an umbrella title used by numerous local television stations in North America from the 1950s to the 1990s for their late night broadcasts of old movies  Late Show ( CBS TV series ) , an American television talk show broadcast on CBS since 1993 , formerly hosted by David Letterman , and currently hosted by Stephen Colbert .  Late Show with David Letterman ( 1993 -- 2015 )  The Late Show with Stephen Colbert ( 2015 -- present )  The Late Show ( Australian TV series ) , the Australian comedy television show of 1992 -- 1993  The Late Show ( Fox TV series ) , ( 1986-1988 ) a late-night American talk show broadcast by the Fox Network starring Joan Rivers for its first seven months followed by Arsenio Hall in 1987 and then Ross Shafer in 1988 and guest hosts at various times .  The Late Show a late night entertainment and talk show which currently airs in Scotland on STV Glasgow from 2015  The Late Show ( BBC TV series ) , a British arts series which aired from late 1989 to 1995  The Late Show ( CBC radio ) , a radio documentary program about obituaries  The Late Show ( film ) , a film from 1977 written and directed by Robert Benton  Late Show , a 1999 German film by director Helmut Dietl  The Late Show ( album ) , a live album by jazz saxophonists Eddie `` Lockjaw '' Davis and Johnny Griffin recorded in 1961  The Late Show ( 1950s TV series ) , a 1957 -- 1959 Australian television variety series

neg: List of Undateable episodes Undateable is an American multi-camera comedy television series that premiered on May 29 , 2014 , as a mid-season replacement on NBC . The series was created by Adam Sztykiel and is based on the book Undateable : 311 Things Guys do That Guarantee They Wo n't be Dating or Having Sex by Ellen Rakieten and Anne Coyle .   On May 13 , 2016 , NBC cancelled the series .

neg: Remodeled Remodeled is an American reality television series which premiered on The CW as a midseason replacement on January 17 , 2012 . The program was greenlighted to series status on May 17 , 2011 , to air in the 2011 -- 12 television season . The hour-long series is hosted by modeling expert Paul Fisher and is produced by Fly On The Wall Entertainment and Sony Pictures Television . Executive producers are Allison Grodner , Rich Meehan , Amy Palmer Robertson , Rachel Tung , Greg Seuss , and Erik Stone .

neg: Animal Makeover TV Animal Makeover TV is a news program airing on RFD-TV and hosted by Tori Meyer .

neg: List of programs broadcast by ETC This is a list of programs broadcast by ETC , a commercial broadcast television network owned by Solar Entertainment Corporation through its subsidiary Southern Broadcasting Network . Its local programming includes lifestyle , infotainment , infomercials and reality shows produced by the network itself . The channel also provides drama series , sitcoms , reality , movies and entertainment news programs .   Most of American TV shows are from broadcast networks such as CBS , ABC , Fox , NBC , and The CW , and cable channels such as Bravo , E! , Lifetime , Freeform , VH1 and MTV . Several Australian shows are from Seven Network , and Network Ten .   For the previously aired shows of SBN/ETC , see List of programs previously broadcast by Southern Broadcasting Network .

neg: Dish Nation Dish Nation is a nightly syndicated television program that features celebrity news and humorous commentary on pop culture presented by radio personalities from across the United States . It debuted in July 2011 on Fox Television Stations .

neg: To the Contrary To The Contrary with Bonnie Erbé is PBS 's all-women news-analysis program . The show airs weekly on over 251 PBS stations in the United States , in Canada , and internationally on Voice of America TV . It was created by host Bonnie Erbé and is produced by Persephone Productions in Washington , D.C. . Cari Weiss Stein is executive producer of To the Contrary . Luis Mazariegos has been the producer since 2013 .   For the first six years of broadcast the show was filmed at the Maryland Public Television studios in Owings Mills , Maryland .   Launched on April 1 , 1992 , each week the show features four female panelists from various backgrounds including politicians , journalists , activists , and professional commentators . These women , with host and moderator Bonnie Erbé , discuss various issues in the news , mainly affecting women , children , families and communities of color . It is a half-hour program .   The show tries to focus on how the news affects people , not simply politics .

neg: Factual television Factual television is a genre of non-fiction television programming that documents actual events and people . These types of programs are also described as documentary , observational documentary , fly on the wall , docudrama , and reality television . Although the genre has existed in some form or another since the early years of television , the term factual television has most commonly been used to describe programs produced since the 1990s .

neg: The Original Amateur Hour The Original Amateur Hour is an American radio and television program . The show was a continuation of Major Bowes Amateur Hour which had been a radio staple from 1934 to 1945 . Major Edward Bowes , the originator of the program and its master of ceremonies , left the show in 1945 and died the following year . He was ultimately succeeded by Ted Mack , when the show was brought into television in 1948 .   The show is a progenitor of later , similar programs such as Star Search , American Idol and America 's Got Talent .

neg: BET Tonight BET Tonight was an American talk show hosted by Tavis Smiley originally from ( 1998-2001 ) , and subsequently Ed Gordon . It aired on the BET network .

neg: Panel show A panel show or panel game is a radio or television game show in which a panel of celebrities participates . Participants may compete with each other , such as on The News Quiz ; facilitate play by non-celebrity contestants , such as on Match Game/Blankety Blank ; or do both , such as on Wait Wait Do n't Tell Me . The genre can be traced to 1938 , when Information Please debuted on U.S. radio . The earliest known television panel show is Play the Game , a charades show in 1946 . The modern trend of comedy panel shows can find early roots with Stop Me If You 've Heard This One in 1939 and Can You Top This ? in 1940 . While panel shows were more popular in the past in the U.S. , they are still very common in the United Kingdom .