query: David Thewlis has performed.

pos: David Thewlis David Thewlis ( born David Wheeler ; born 20 March 1963 ) is an English actor , director , screenwriter , author . His most commercially successful role to date has been that of Remus Lupin in the Harry Potter film series . Other notable performances include the films Naked ( for which he won the Best Actor award at Cannes Film Festival ) , Dragonheart , Kingdom of Heaven , The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas , The Theory of Everything , Black Beauty , and Macbeth ( in which he played King Duncan ) . He will play Ares in Wonder Woman . He has also done voice work in the films James and the Giant Peach ( 1996 ) , The Miracle Maker ( 2000 ) , and Anomalisa ( 2015 ) , and is additionally known for the role of Cyrus Crabb in the TV mini series Dinotopia .

neg: Odeon Leeds-Bradford Odeon Leeds-Bradford is a multiplex cinema at Gallagher Leisure Park , Thornbury , West Yorkshire , between the cities of Leeds and Bradford in England .   It has 13 auditoria , ranging from 126 to 442 seats . All screens have Dolby Digital sound , and the two largest screens have DTS digital surround sound .  In 2011 Odeon Cinemas had all 13 screens converted to digital using NEC digital cinema projectors , Doremi Servers and Unique System 's Rosetta Bridge Theatre Management System .  Seven of the screens are equipped for 3D projection with the RealD Cinema system .   Gallagher Group developed the Leisure Park at the end of the 1990s and contracted a major cinema chain to operate the multiplex .  That chain withdrew before the cinema was completed , so Odeon Cinemas took over .  The cinema opened on 6 July 2000 , showing Stuart Little . Odeon had closed the Bradford Odeon in June 2000 and closed the Odeon Cinema Leeds in 2001 .

neg: Whole World Theatre The Whole World Theatre is an improvisational theatre located in Atlanta , Georgia .   Whole World Theatre ( WWT ) is a non-profit theatre company that began in Atlanta , Georgia in late 1993 , when David Webster began teaching a group of student actors whom he would train to become the hottest improv company in town . Jennifer Horne and David Webster were co-founding members .   The original students of Whole World Theatre performed their first show in front of 25 people in September 1994 . Specializing in experiential improv and unconventional scripted works , and using a unique approach to improv , which put more emphasis on acting , character and atmosphere than on cheap laughs , Webster wrote and directed original ground breaking pieces such as , Blood Bath Bingo and Pimps , Queens , and Dope Fiends . Webster also produced scripted works included , Balm in Gillead , Bitches , Women Behind Bars , Four Dogs and a Bone and The House of Yes , among many others .   In June 1995 , Jennifer Horne and David Webster spent their honeymoon money to open Whole World Theatre at their current location at 1214 Spring Street in mid-town Atlanta . As their popularity grew , the cast of Whole World Theatre were given the opportunity to produce their live improv comedy show for television when Webster sold the show to television . `` Whole World Comedy '' - Whole World 's premier TV show - helped to launch the southern based Turner South Network .   David Webster taught every actor at Whole World Theater until 2001 . He wrote , directed and emceed every show for over 1000 shows . He won several awards including an Emmy award for writing .   In 2003 Managing Director , Emily Reily Russell , created a youth summer camp program and an improvisational acting program for teens and young adults at Whole World Theatre that still exists to this day . Many of the graduates of this program have entered the `` Performance Ready Group '' that hosts a more family oriented show the first Saturday of every month November through May . The Performance Ready Group is directed and mentored by Assistant Artistic Director , Eric Goins . Russell , in conjunction with Callanwolde Fine Arts Center and The Starlight Starbright Foundation has also created `` Improv in Dialysis . '' Providing monthly improvisational acting workshops to patients and their families at Egleston Children 's Hospital in Atlanta .   Lance Krall , one of Webster 's original students , eventually moved to Hollywood and went on to produce his own television show , The Lance Krall Show , which aired Spike TV , and Free Radio , which aired on Vh1 . Lance has hired several alumni from Whole World Theatre to guest star in his projects .   In 2004 , Webster moved on to write and direct independent movies and Jennifer Horne moved on to begin her own improv troupe in Charlottesville , Va. . That same year , a complete change in management occurred at Whole World Theatre .   In 2004 , Chip Powell became Artistic Director of Whole World Theatre . The Company continues to perform improv shows and remains one of Atlanta 's most successful theater companies . Under Powell 's leadership the company has produced Improv in the Park : an annual free improv show in Atlanta 's Piedmont Park and Central Park at Atlantic Station . Improv in the Park was voted `` Best Outdoor Event '' by Creative Loafing . Powell also went on to launch Whole World 's 3rd Space Theatre by Producing and Directing scripted works such as Sordid Lives and Southern Baptist Sissies by Del Shores .   In 2005 , the theatre started a television show for a network called MAV TV and is currently broadcast in over 200,000 homes across the U.S. . The show features Whole World 's Improv Comedy and is geared towards a more mature audience .  Official Website   Category : Theatres in Atlanta

neg: The Performers (play) The Performers is a comedy play written by David West Read and directed by Evan Cabnet . It premiered on Broadway on November 14 , 2012 .

neg: The Late Hector Kipling The Late Hector Kipling is a novel written by English actor David Thewlis . The book was released in the UK in hardback on September 7 , 2007 and released on paperback July 4 , 2008 . In the US the book was released ( hardback version ) November 6 , 2007 .

neg: Thirty-Minute Theatre Thirty-Minute Theatre is an anthology drama series of short plays shown on BBC Television between 1965 and 1973 , which was used in part at least as a training ground for new writers , on account of its short running length , and which therefore attracted many writers who later became well known . It was initially produced by Graeme MacDonald .   Thirty-Minute Theatre began on BBC2 in 1965 with an adaptation of the black comedy Parson 's Pleasure ( author , Roald Dahl ) . Dennis Potter contributed Emergency -- Ward 9 ( 1966 ) , which he partially recycled in the much later The Singing Detective ( 1986 ) . In 1967 BBC2 launched the UK 's first colour service , with the consequence that Thirty-Minute Theatre became the first drama series in the country to be shown in colour .   As well as single plays , the series showed several linked collections of plays , including a group of four plays by John Mortimer named after areas of London in 1972 , two three-part Inspector Waugh series starring Clive Swift in the title role , and a trilogy of plays by Jean Benedetti , broadcast in 1969 , focusing on infamous historical figures such as Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin . Other plays were broadcast by writers like Charlotte and Denis Plimmer ( The Chequers Manoeuvre , 1968 ) , David Rudkin ( Bypass , 1972 , and Atrocity , 1973 ) and Jack Rosenthal ( And For my Next Trick , 1972 ) .   Thirty-Minute Theatre was cancelled in August 1973 . Second City Firsts , also of 30 minutes duration , fulfilled much the same role .

neg: The Diamond Troupe The Diamond Troupe was the concert party of the 29th Division ( United Kingdom ) , a First World War infantry division within the British Army . Also known as the `` Incomparable Division '' , the 29th was formed in 1915 by combining units that had previously been acting as garrisons about the British Empire . The division fought throughout the Gallipoli Campaign and , from 1916 to the end of the war , on the Western Front in France .   Concert parties were an integral element of the war effort ; and by 1917 , virtually every division had at least one . They mirrored the Pierrot troupes of music halls and seaside resorts , offering soldiers a respite from war , reminding them of home , and providing a neutral outlet to air grievances about `` food , conditions , and sergeants '' .   The Diamond Troupe was one of a small number of concert parties to achieve considerable notoriety , both on the battlefield and at home . Its success was due to a combination of factors , not the least of which were the fame of the Division itself and the exceptional performances of many troupe members , especially by what historian Larry J Collins described as `` the show-stopper '' : the female impersonator . The troupe 's music director , Robert James Stannard , wrote in his diary that '' ... the biggest hits were -LSB- Alec -RSB- Hill with his fine singing , Queenie -LSB- the troupe 's female impersonator -RSB- , who deceived a great many of the audience and Larry Nicol , the trick cyclist ... ''   Jason Wilson , in his history of the well-known Canadian concert party , the Dumbbells , singled out the Diamond Troupe as being one of the `` notable concert parties of the British Expedition Forces '' -- an assessment presaged in the 1919 edition of The Stage , where the Diamond Troupe , along with the Australian troupe , Anzac Coves , were praised for having earned their applause '' ... by legitimate artistic means , and not on account of the increased wartime popularity of khaki or blue '' .

neg: Selected Shorts Selected Shorts is an event at New York 's Symphony Space on the Upper West Side , in which screen and stage actors read classic and new short fiction before a live audience . The stage show began in 1985 and continues today at Symphony Space 's Peter Jay Sharp Theater .   The annual season of the live events at Symphony Space begins in the mid-fall and ends in mid-spring . There is a theme to each Selected Shorts episode and performance . Several stories are presented around each theme . The stories are always fiction , sometimes classic , sometimes new , always performed by actors from stage , screen and television who bring these short stories to life . Evenings are often co-hosted by writers , literary producers , and other interesting characters . Symphony Space 's Artistic Director Isaiah Sheffer formerly hosted the live events , although many Selected Shorts also feature guest hosts , often well-known writers , who also choose which stories will be read . Mr. Sheffer died on November 9 , 2012 at age 76 . Actor BD Wong acts as the host of the live events since the fall of 2012 .   The readings are recorded live and become the basis of a one-hour radio program , hosted by actors , authors , and entertainers such as David Sedaris , Stephen Colbert , Cynthia Nixon , Wyatt Cenac , and Jane Kaczmarek , with literary commentator Hannah Tinti of One Story Magazine , and are produced in conjunction with WNYC . The programs are distributed by Public Radio International and air on PRI-affiliated public radio stations in the United States . The radio program airs weekly throughout the year .   Originally , the program was distributed by National Public Radio . However , in October 2007 , it moved its distribution to PRI , Public Radio International .   The program 's theme is David Peterson 's `` That 's the Deal , '' performed by the Deardorf/Peterson group . Until 2011 , the radio show began and ended with the piano and cello duet `` Come to the Meadow '' by Roger Kellaway .

neg: David Bowie discography English singer David Bowie ( born David Jones ) released 25 studio albums , 9 live albums , 51 compilation albums , 8 extended plays ( EPs ) , 128 singles , including 5 UK number one singles , and 4 soundtracks . Bowie also released 14 video albums and 72 music videos .

neg: David Hill (arts director) David Hill is a theatre and arts director and producer , founder of the leading UK cultural events and arts agency ArtReach which initiates , develops and produces extraordinary creative arts projects and programmes . Hill has created and produced the innovative Night of Festivals project , produced the world 's largest interactive video artwork ( Under Scan by Rafael Lozano-Hemmer ) in Trafalgar Square , London and in public spaces across the UK East Midlands and created/delivered a range of high-profile new arts events such Three Cities Create and Connect , The Lyric Lounge and Dance in the Park . He has also delivered projects in Barcelona , India and the West Indies .   Born in Birmingham , and following a degree in Drama and English at Hull University , Hill started his career as a theatre practitioner with renowned theatre companies such as Welfare State International , IOU Theatre and the Pip Simmons Theatre Group .  Appointed as the first Marketing Director at the 2,000 seat Birmingham Hippodrome , he established the marketing and publicity department for the venue during two major capital refurbishments of the Hippodrome in the 1980s . During this period the theatre was established as a premier touring venue and as a home to Welsh National Opera and Sadler 's Wells Royal Ballet ( now Birmingham Royal Ballet ) .   Returning to a role as theatre director , writer and actor , Hill established the pioneering Theatre Station Blyth in Northumberland , leading a team of theatre professionals in developing original community theatre with 100 unemployed adults , winning a National Training Award , and being shortlisted with the RSC and Jiving Lindy Hoppers for the prestigious , national Sainsbury Arts in Education Awards . During this time Hill created and directed shows , including The Tale of the Corn Woman , The TV Addict , Stitch-Up , Seven and War Bonds . In 1995 Theatre Station was reinvented and re-launched by Fran Castle and Alison Walton-Robson as the award-winning Headway Theatre .   As an associate director at the Everyman Theatre in Cheltenham in the early 1990s , Hill had particular responsibility for new theatre writing , working with playwrights such as Jude Alderson , Barrie Keeffe , Peter McGarry and David Calcutt . Shows directed included All Change , A Caucasian Chalk Circle , The Way of the World , The Mystery Plays , Belonging , Family Affairs , Romeo and Juliet , A Midsummer Night 's Dream , Julius Caesar and The Terrible Fate of Humpty Dumpty , with co-directing work on Macbeth and Jane Eyre .   In 1994 , following the playwright 's death , he produced and directed The Official Tribute to Dennis Potter persuading Michael Grade ( Channel 4 TV ) and Alan Yentob ( BBC 1 ) to jointly support and participate in the project . For this high-profile event Hill directed contributions from , amongst others , Alan Bates , Gemma Craven , Imelda Staunton , George Baker , Frank Finlay , Douglas Henshall , Kika Markham and Corin Redgrave , and also engaged and produced participation from writers and broadcasters Lynda La Plante , Alan Plater , Sheena MacDonald , Piers Haggard , Kennith Trodd and Melvyn Bragg .   As director of the Arts Management Centre ( a business unit of The Management Centre ) in 1994/5 , Hill implemented and delivered national arts training programmes and designed and delivered the first national conference on the arts lottery . From 1996 he project directed all aspects of the design and building of Maidenhead 's # 10 million new arts centre , Norden Farm Centre for the Arts . He opened the Centre by producing two special galas with contributors including Michael Parkinson , Lesley Garrett , Timothy West , Prunella Scales , Jimmy Tarbuck , Laurie Holloway , Marion Montgomery , Ronnie Corbett and Rolf Harris .   Over fifteen years since 1996 , Hill has developed ArtReach working with partners such as Arts Council England , Museums Libraries and Archives Council ( MLA ) , Renaissance , Sport England , the Crafts Council , many Local Authorities , Regional Development Agencies , arts organisations and venues ( international , national , regional and local ) and individual artists . In 2005/6 ArtReach commissioned international artist Rafael Lozano-Hemmer to create Under Scan , which subsequently was taken to Venice Biennale in 2007 and produced by Hill in Trafalgar Square in 2008 . Hill co-wrote the book Under Scan with Lozano-Hemmer , published in 2006 .   Hill has been an adviser to West Midlands Arts , Northern Arts and South West Arts in the UK and is a Trustee ( Vice Chair ) of Curve ( theatre ) ( major new performing arts centre in Leicester , UK ) . He has previously been a board member/adviser for Triangle Arts Centre , Playtrain , Midlands Arts Centre and Worcester Swan Theatre . He has been an assessor for the UK Regional Arts Lottery Programme and has been an assessor to Arts Council England for both Capital and Arts for Everyone programmes .

neg: Dream City Film Club Dream City Film Club were a North London rock band founded in July 1995 .   Their sound was difficult to categorize in that it encompassed tortured lovelorn balladry , avant-garde flourishes , Tin Pan Alley , straightforward rock and gospel yearnings in both lyrics and subject matter . Ultimately , Dream City Film Club failed to find enough of an audience to sustain them .   Vocalist Michael J. Sheehy had been working as a solo singer/songwriter for several years when he met Alex Vald and Laurence Ash , who quickly began writing songs with Sheehy . Upon the demise of another local group , Breed , bassist Andrew Park joined . The band 's name came from a news story Sheehy had seen about an arsonist who had burned down a members-only porno theatre . They played their first gig as Dream City Film Club on 31 July 1995 .   They released a single , `` Crawl '' for the underground fanzine , the Organ in early 1996 . Soon after , they were contacted by Beggar 's Banquet and recorded their eponymous debut album in late 1996 , later releasing it on 26 May 1997 .   According to Sheehy , the English press reaction to the first single , `` Perfect Piece of Trash '' , was almost unanimous in its derision . After parting with Vald , DCFC continued on as a three piece , recording its second and final album , In the Cold Light of Morning featuring a more expansive sound best realized on the epic `` God Will Punish the Pervert Preacher '' .   The group disbanded in 1999 . Michael J. Sheehy subsequently recorded three solo albums for Beggar 's Banquet and two for Glitterhouse , and has fronted Saint Silas Intercession with his brother Patrick . During the early 2000s , Alex Vald worked as half of experimental pop band Datapuddle . In 2015 , Sheehy and Vald reunited as the pop-noir duo United Sound of Joy .

neg: David Warner (actor) David Hattersley Warner ( born 29 July 1941 ) is an English actor who is known for playing both romantic leads and sinister or villainous characters across a range of media , including stage , film , animation , television and video games . He has a worldwide following for his many appearances in the Star Trek TV and feature-film franchise .   Warner is known for such films as Morgan -- A Suitable Case for Treatment , A Midsummer Night 's Dream , Tom Jones , The Ballad of Cable Hogue , Cross of Iron , The Omen , Holocaust , Portrait in Evil , Time Bandits , Tron , Titanic , and various characters in the Star Trek franchise including Star Trek V : The Final Frontier , Star Trek VI : The Undiscovered Country and Star Trek : The Next Generation . In 1981 , he won an Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Miniseries or Special for his portrayal of Pomponius Falco in the television miniseries Masada . Warner also played Bob Cratchit in Clive Donner 's `` A Christmas Carol '' in 1984 .

neg: Do Not Adjust Your Set Do Not Adjust Your Set ( DNAYS ) is a television series produced originally by Rediffusion , London , then , by the fledgling Thames Television for British commercial television channel ITV from 26 December 1967 to 14 May 1969 . The show took its name from the message ( frequently seen on the TV screen in those days ) which was displayed when there was a problem with transmission .   It included early appearances of Denise Coffey , David Jason , Eric Idle , Terry Jones , and Michael Palin ; the last three became members of the Monty Python comedy troupe soon afterwards . Although originally conceived as a children 's programme , it quickly acquired a following amongst many adults , including future Pythons John Cleese and Graham Chapman ( as mentioned by Cleese himself in the `` Paying my ex-wife '' stage performance tour , October 2010 ) .   The Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band performed a song in each programme and Bob Kerr 's Whoopee Band also appeared . The musicians frequently appeared as extras in sketches . The programme comprised a series of sketches , often bizarre and surreal , frequently satirical with a disjointed style which anticipate Monty Python 's Flying Circus , which followed five months after the last episode of DNAYS . Strange animations between sketches were crafted in the final episodes by the then-unknown Terry Gilliam , who also graduated to Python -- part of his `` Christmas cards '' animation reappeared there in the `` Joy to the World '' segment .   One long-running feature of the show was Captain Fantastic , featuring a parody superhero ( Jason ) in improbable , even macabre adventures against villainess Mrs. Black ( Coffey ) . These segments were shot entirely on film , on location in London . In 1968 , it won an international award , the Prix Jeunesse , in Munich .

neg: On the Prowl On the Prowl may refer to :  On the Prowl ( album ) , an album by Japanese band Loudness  On the Prowl ( EP ) , an EP by Australian band Operator Please  On the Prowl ( film series ) , a series of pornographic films starring Jamie Gillis

neg: Theatre of Australia Theatre of Australia refers to the history of the performing arts in Australia , or produced by Australians . There are theatrical and dramatic aspects to a number of Indigenous Australian ceremonies such as the corroboree . During its colonial period , Australian theatrical arts were generally linked to the broader traditions of English literature and to British and Irish theatre . Australian literature and theatrical artists ( including Aboriginal as well as Anglo-Celtic and multicultural migrant Australians ) have over the last two centuries introduced the culture of Australia and the character of a new continent to the world stage .   Individuals who have contributed to theatre in Australia and internationally include Sir Robert Helpmann , Dame Joan Sutherland , Barry Humphries , David Williamson , Cate Blanchett , Geoffrey Rush , Judy Davis , Jim Sharman , Tim Minchin and Baz Luhrmann . Notable theatrical institutions include the Sydney Opera House , and the National Institute of Dramatic Art in Sydney .

neg: David Yelland (actor) David William Yelland ( born 1947 ) is an English film , stage and television actor .

neg: David Warren (director) David Warren is an American theatre and television director .

neg: Ziggy Stardust: The Motion Picture Ziggy Stardust : The Motion Picture is a live album by David Bowie , corresponding to the film of the same name . The music was recorded at the Hammersmith Odeon in London on , although the album was not issued by RCA Records until 1983 . Prior to that it had existed in bootleg form , notably His Masters Voice -- Bowie and the Spiders From Mars ' Last Stand .   The album documents the final show which Bowie performed in his Ziggy Stardust persona . Just before the final track , he announces , `` Of all the shows on this tour , this particular show will remain with us the longest , because not only is it the last show of the tour , but it 's the last show that we 'll ever do . Thank you . '' Many in the audience believed that Bowie himself was retiring .

neg: David Jones (drummer) David Jones is an Australian drummer .   Jones has played and recorded with a large cross section of bands and musicians . These include James Morrison , John Farnham , Don Burrows , Kate Ceberano , Tommy Emmanuel , Rhonda Burchmore , Dame Kiri Te Kanawa , Don McLean , John Denver , Sam McNally , Linda Cable , AtmaSphere , Carmen Warrington , the Melbourne Symphony Orchestra and the Sydney Symphony Orchestra .   Jones ' solo album Colours of the Drum was nominated for the 2008 ARIA Award for Best World Music Album .

neg: Critics' Circle Award for Distinguished Service to the Arts Each year since 1988 The Critics ' Circle has presented an award for Distinguished Service to the Arts , voted for by all members of the Circle , embracing Dance , Drama , Film , Music , Visual Arts and Architecture .   This performing arts Award takes the form of an engraved crystal rose bowl , presented at a celebratory luncheon . The recipients were :   1988 Sir Peter Hall  1989 Dame Ninette de Valois  1990 Sir Michael Tippett  1991 Sir David Lean  1992 Sir John Mills  1993 Sir Peter Ustinov  1994 Sir John Drummond  1995 Sir Peter Wright  1996 Sir Richard Eyre  1997 Dame Judi Dench  1998 Sir Edward Downes  1999 Harold Pinter  2000 Dame Alicia Markova  2001 Paul Scofield  2002 Sir Alfred Brendel  2003 Sir Ian McKellen  2004 Mike Leigh  2005 Alan Bennett  2006 Dame Helen Mirren  2007 Sir Tom Stoppard  2008 Peter Brook  2009 Sir Alan Ayckbourn  2010 Ken Loach  2011 Stephen Sondheim  2013 Grayson Perry  2014 Sir Nicholas Hytner  2015 Dame Maggie Smith   Category : Performing arts awards

neg: Twin Cities Hot Summer Jazz Festival The Twin Cities Jazz Festival is one of the largest free civic events in the upper Midwest , attracting upwards of 30,000 people . Founded in 1999 by festival promoter Steve Heckler , The main events of the festival are held at Mears Park in St. Paul in the Lowertown neighborhood . The festival closes several blocks and has utilized clubs such as the Bulldog , Hat Trick , Black Dog , Station 4 , Artists ' Quarter , Union Depot , Amsterdam , Heartland , Bedlam , SW Craft Bar , and more . For the first time in 2015 , the festival will present music at the newly opened CHS Field with Jack Brass Band opening for headliner Dr. John .   In addition , Media partners have included Jazz 88 radio ( broadcasting live locally and streaming live on the internet internationally ) , WCCO-TV , The Rake , City Pages , Jazz Police , La Prenza and MPLS-St . Paul Magazine . The festival has also received extensive coverage in the Star Tribune , St. Paul Pioneer Press , The Minnesota Spokesman-Recorder and Skyway News .   Festival performers have included : Joe Lovano , Chick Corea , Esperanza Spalding , Return to Forever , Dave Brubeck , Clark Terry , Monty Alexander , Gary Burton , Deodato , The Bad Plus with Joshua Redman , Danilo Pérez , Branford Marsalis , David `` Fathead '' Newman , Eric Alexander , Jimmy McGriff , Red Holloway , Jack McDuff , Joey DeFrancesco , Benny Golson , Dr. Lonnie Smith , Dewey Redman , Lew Tabackin , Bettye LaVette , Ira Sullivan , Spyro Gyra , Bernard Purdie , Melvin Rhyne , Ben Sidran , Von Freeman , Frank Morgan , Mose Allison , Butch Thompson , Bill Evans , Chris Michalek , Alicia Renee , Heatin ' System , Howard Levy , Debbie Duncan , Big Walter Smith , Percy Strother , Tiger Okoshi , Peter Schimke , Yellowjackets , Kristin Korb , Hiromi , Phil Hey Quartet , Duke Ellington Orchestra , Henry Johnson 's Organ Express , Nachito Herrera , Salsa del Soul , Bobby Sanabria , George Avaloz , Barbara Morrison , US Air Force Falconaires , Norman Simmons , David Young , Jon Weber , Jerry Weldon , Tony Monaco , Atlantis Quartet , and MN Big Band .


query: In 1968, Led Zeppelin formed.

pos: Led Zeppelin Led Zeppelin were an English rock band formed in London in 1968 . The group consisted of guitarist Jimmy Page , singer Robert Plant , bassist and keyboardist John Paul Jones , and drummer John Bonham . The band 's heavy , guitar-driven sound , rooted in blues and psychedelia on their early albums , has earned them recognition as one of the progenitors of heavy metal , though their unique style drew from a wide variety of influences , including folk music .   After changing their name from the New Yardbirds , Led Zeppelin signed a deal with Atlantic Records that afforded them considerable artistic freedom . Although the group was initially unpopular with critics , they achieved significant commercial success with albums such as Led Zeppelin ( 1969 ) , Led Zeppelin II ( 1969 ) , Led Zeppelin III ( 1970 ) , Led Zeppelin IV ( 1971 ) , Houses of the Holy ( 1973 ) , and Physical Graffiti ( 1975 ) . Their fourth album , which features the track `` Stairway to Heaven '' , is among the most popular and influential works in rock music , and it helped to secure the group 's popularity .   Page wrote most of Led Zeppelin 's music , particularly early in their career , while Plant generally supplied the lyrics . Jones ' keyboard-based compositions later became central to the group 's catalogue , which featured increasing experimentation . The latter half of their career saw a series of record-breaking tours that earned the group a reputation for excess and debauchery . Although they remained commercially and critically successful , their output and touring schedule were limited during the late 1970s , and the group disbanded following Bonham 's death from alcohol-related asphyxia in 1980 . In the decades that followed , the surviving members sporadically collaborated and participated in one-off Led Zeppelin reunions . The most successful of these was the 2007 Ahmet Ertegun Tribute Concert in London , with Jason Bonham taking his late father 's place behind the drums .   Led Zeppelin are widely considered one of the most successful , innovative , and influential rock groups in history . They are one of the best-selling music artists in the history of audio recording ; various sources estimate the group 's record sales at 200 to 300 million units worldwide . With RIAA-certified sales of 111.5 million units , they are the second-best-selling band in the US . Each of their nine studio albums placed in the top 10 of the Billboard album chart and six reached the number-one spot . They achieved eight consecutive UK number-one albums . Rolling Stone magazine described them as `` the heaviest band of all time '' , `` the biggest band of the Seventies '' , and `` unquestionably one of the most enduring bands in rock history '' . They were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1995 ; the museum 's biography of the band states that they were `` as influential '' during the 1970s as the Beatles were during the 1960s .

neg: List of Led Zeppelin songs written or inspired by others In their career , the British rock band Led Zeppelin recorded many songs that consisted , in whole or part , of pre-existing songs , melodies , or lyrics . They sometimes credited those sources , sometimes not . This was common practice in the blues music world that influenced Led Zeppelin . The band has been sued a number of times over attribution , some cases having concluded with others being awarded writing credit for the song in question .   This is a partial list of songs that contributed to or inspired Led Zeppelin songs or covers . It includes non-controversial ones the band attributed to other writers from the outset .

neg: Getting in Tune `` Getting in Tune '' is a song written by Pete Townshend and originally released by the Who on their 1971 album Who 's Next . It was originally written as part of Townshend 's abandoned Lifehouse project . Its lyrics describe the power of music , as well as reflect the inner contradictions Townshend was feeling at the time between his spiritual needs and his persona as a rock star . The music incorporates a number of changes in tempo and has been praised by critics for its use of dynamics .

neg: Led Zeppelin North American Tour 1975 Led Zeppelin 's 1975 North American Tour was the tenth concert tour of North America by the English rock band . The tour was divided into two legs , with performances commencing on 18 January and concluding on 27 March 1975 . It was preceded with two European warm-up shows , performed at Rotterdam and Brussels respectively .

neg: The Firm (rock band) The Firm were a British rock supergroup composed of singer Paul Rodgers , ( Free and Bad Company ) , guitarist Jimmy Page ( The Yardbirds and Led Zeppelin , ) drummer Chris Slade ( Manfred Mann 's Earth Band and Uriah Heep ) and bass player Tony Franklin .   Both Page and Rodgers refused to play any material from their former bands and instead opted for a selection of Firm songs plus tracks from both their solo albums . The new songs were heavily infused with a soulful and more commercially accessible sound , courtesy of Franklin 's fretless bass guitar underpinning an understated song structure . Despite refusing to play old material , the last track from The Firm , `` Midnight Moonlight '' , was originally an unreleased Led Zeppelin song entitled `` Swan Song '' . This caused some critics to believe that Page had begun to run out of ideas . In subsequent press interviews , Page had indicated that the band was never meant to last more than two albums . After the band split , Page and Rodgers returned to solo work while Chris Slade joined AC/DC and Franklin teamed up with guitarist John Sykes in Blue Murder .

neg: Only a Northern Song `` Only a Northern Song '' is a song by English rock band the Beatles from their 1969 album Yellow Submarine . Written by George Harrison , it was recorded mainly in February 1967 during the sessions for Sgt. Pepper 's Lonely Hearts Club Band but the Beatles chose not to include it on that album . Instead , it was one of the four new songs that the band provided for the 1968 animated film Yellow Submarine , to meet their contractual obligations to United Artists .   Harrison wrote `` Only a Northern Song '' out of dissatisfaction with his status as a junior songwriter with the Beatles ' publishing company , Northern Songs . The lyrics and music convey his disenchantment at how the company retained the copyright for the songs it published , and at how , following its public listing in 1965 , the major shareholders profited more from his compositions than he did . The recording features Hammond organ , played by Harrison , and an overdubbed montage of assorted sounds including trumpet blasts and spoken voices , anticipating John Lennon 's 1968 sound collage `` Revolution 9 '' . Due to the difficulty in assembling the completed track from two tape sources , `` Only a Northern Song '' remained a rare song from the Beatles ' post-1963 catalogue that was unavailable in true stereo until 1999 . That year , it was remixed for inclusion on the album Yellow Submarine Songtrack .   The song has received a varied response from reviewers ; while Ian MacDonald dismisses the track as a `` self-indulgent dirge '' , the website Ultimate Classic Rock identifies it as one of the Beatles ' best works in the psychedelic rock genre . A version of the song with a different vocal part , and omitting the sound collage overdubs , was issued on the Beatles ' 1996 outtakes compilation Anthology 2 . Gravenhurst and Yonder Mountain String Band are among the artists who have covered `` Only a Northern Song '' .

neg: The London Rock and Roll Show The London Rock and Roll Show was a concert held at Wembley Stadium in Wembley Park , London , England , on 5 August 1972 . It is often said to have been the first ever concert held at the stadium , but in fact the band Yes had performed in the Stadium on 13 July 1969 .   From the late 1960s to the early 1970s , many rock and roll performers from the 1950s experienced major career revivals due to a temporary upswing of interest in their form of music . The Revival was marked by a series of major concerts in the United States , and also spread to Europe where events such as the Wembley concert attracted thousands of fans who came out to see the performers behind the music .   The concert included performances by major stars including Bo Diddley , Jerry Lee Lewis , Little Richard , and Bill Haley and His Comets . The concert ended with an extended performance by Chuck Berry , who at the time was enjoying major chart success in Britain and the US with his `` My Ding-a-Ling '' .   Originally billed rock and roll era acts The Platters , The Drifters and The Coasters were unable to perform due to work permit issues . The show was opened instead with sets from British rock and rollers The Houseshakers , Joe Brown , Emile Ford & the Checkmates , Screaming Lord Sutch , Heinz ( with Wilko Johnson on guitar ) and Billy Fury ; as well as songs from Jerry Lee Lewis 's sister Linda Gail Lewis .   Roy Wood 's new band Wizzard , only formed a few weeks previously , also made their live debut at the show .   Garage rockers MC5 were not over-popular with the crowd . Little Richard also got booed when he stopped singing rock and roll and jumped on top of his piano . As did a very new Gary Glitter , with The Glitter Band .   Mick Jagger attended the concert , but did not perform . Future Sex Pistols manager Malcolm McLaren can be seen selling T-shirts from a stall in the film .   The concert was filmed and released in 1973 as The London Rock and Roll Show , directed by Peter Clifton . Although no soundtrack release occurred at the time the film was made , one was finally issued in the early 2000s ( decade ) , followed by several different releases with different combinations of performances .

neg: Sunshine pop Sunshine pop ( originally `` soft pop '' ) is a subgenre of pop music originating in Southern California in the mid-1960s , although it only acquired the name later . Rooted in easy-listening , advertising jingles , and the growing drug culture , sunshine pop acts purveyed a lightly produced style that combined nostalgic or anxious moods with `` an appreciation for the beauty of the world '' .   It began as an outgrowth of the 1960s California Sound and folk rock movements , largely consisting of lesser-known artists who imitated more popular groups like the Beach Boys , the Mamas & the Papas , and the 5th Dimension . While the Beach Boys are noted as prominent influences , they rarely worked in the genre . Sunshine pop is characterized by lush vocals and light arrangements similar to samba music . In some ways the genre is similar to baroque pop music through being elaborate and melancholic , though it also crossed into folk pop and Brill Building styles .   Sunshine pop enjoyed mainstream success in the latter half of the decade , with many of its top 40 hits peaking in the spring and summer of 1967 , especially just before the Summer of Love . Popular bands include the Mamas & the Papas , the Turtles , and the Association . Other acts , like the Millennium , Sagittarius , and the Yellow Balloon were less successful but gained a cult following years later ; with albums like Begin ( 1968 ) and Present Tense ( 1968 ) highly sought-after on the collectors ' market .

neg: Southwest F.O.B. Southwest F.O.B. ( `` Free on Board '' ) was a 1960s psychedelic rock group from Dallas , Texas , now perhaps best remembered because it featured Dan Seals and John Colley , who later found great success as the duo England Dan and John Ford Coley . The Southwest F.O.B also included Michael ( Doc ) Woolbright on the bass .   Started by guitar player Larry `` Ovid '' Stevens when they were students at W. W. Samuell High School in Dallas , the band secured a minor hit in 1968 ( reaching number 56 ) with a cover of the West Coast Pop Art Experimental Band song `` Smell of Incense '' , nationally released on the Stax subsidiary label Hip Records . The band 's sole LP was also called Smell of Incense ; it has been reissued as a remastered , expanded CD by Sundazed Records , now out of print . Later success eluded them , and the band broke up in 1969 .   Dan Seals died on March 25 , 2009 . He and classmate John Colley , who later changed the spelling of his last name to Coley , formed a group with three other Samuell students called the Playboys Five . That became Theze Few , which morphed into the legendary Dallas high school band Southwest F.O.B.   ` We were very popular in the late 1960s . ' , Coley , 60 , said Thursday from his home in Nashville , Ten. , where Seals also lived . ` We even opened for Led Zeppelin and Three Dog Night , and remember , we were just high school kids . '

neg: The Doors (album) The Doors is the debut album by the American rock band the Doors , released on January 4 , 1967 . The album features their breakthrough single `` Light My Fire '' and the lengthy song `` The End '' with its Oedipal spoken word section .   The Doors was not only one of the albums to have been most central to the progression of psychedelic rock , but is also one of the most acclaimed recordings in all of popular music . In 2012 , it was ranked number 42 in Rolling Stone magazine 's 500 greatest albums of all time .   The original album has sold 20 million copies , and has been inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame ; `` Light My Fire '' was also inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame . It has been reissued several times on CD , including a 2007 remaster and a 2017 `` 50th Anniversary Deluxe Edition . ''   In 2015 , the Library of Congress selected The Doors for inclusion in the National Recording Registry based on its cultural , artistic or historical significance .

neg: Led Zeppelin Japanese Tour 1971 Led Zeppelin 's 1971 Japanese Tour was the first concert tour of Japan by the English rock band . The tour commenced on 23 September and concluded on 29 September 1971 . It was one of the first tours of Japan by a western rock band .   One of the concerts from this short tour , at Hiroshima on 27 September , was organised as a benefit show . As an expression of thanks , the city of Hiroshima presented the band with a letter of appreciation and the city medal by the local mayor .   During this tour , singer Robert Plant allegedly punched drummer John Bonham before one of the shows . This was not the only turbulent incident which occurred during the tour . As manager Peter Grant explained :   The concerts were recorded at the insistence of the Japanese Warner Pioneer label , which was owned by the band 's record company Atlantic Records . However , upon hearing the recordings guitarist Jimmy Page found the audio quality to be so inferior that he decided to wipe over the tapes and use them again .

neg: Characteristics of progressive rock Progressive rock is a term that refers to a musical style . The term was originally referred to as `` classical rock '' ( in which a band performed together with an orchestra ) , but the term 's use has expanded in recent years to include other fusions of music styles including jazz fusion , metal and folk rock musics . The term does not refer to one particular music style but to an approach that combines elements of diverse styles . Jerry Ewing , editor of Prog Magazine , explains that `` Prog is not just a sound , it 's a mindset . '' Dream Theater guitarist John Petrucci outlines that Progressive rock is defined by its very lack of stylistic boundaries . The advent of the concept album , plus the genre 's roots in psychedelia , led albums and performances to be viewed as combined presentations of music , lyrics , and visuals .   Bands abandoned the short pop single in favor of instrumentation and compositional techniques more frequently associated with jazz or classical music as part of an effort to give rock music the same level of musical sophistication and critical respect . Progressive rock abandons the danceable beat that defines earlier rock styles and is more likely than other types of popular music to experiment with compositional structure , instrumentation , harmony and rhythm , or lyrical content . It may demand more effort on the part of the listener than other types of music .   Musicians in progressive rock typically display a high degree of instrumental skill , although this is not always the case . Virtuoso instrumental skills are so closely associated with progressive rock that authors such as Bill Martin consider it as a defining element and exclude bands such as Pink Floyd from consideration . It is not uncommon for musicians to have received a higher-than-average level of formal training . Players from the genre frequently appear in readers ' polls of publications that cater to musicians .

neg: Mother Earth (Memphis Slim song) `` Mother Earth '' is a blues song recorded by Memphis Slim in 1951 . A slow twelve-bar blues , it is one of Slim 's best-known songs and reached number seven in the Billboard R&B chart in 1951 .   `` Mother Earth '' features an unusual descending chromatic figure and an often-quoted chorus :  Do n't care how great you are , do n't care what you 're worth  When it all ends up you got to , go back to mother earth   Although an early review called it a `` Blues moralizer , with group harmonizing in back of Slim 's chanting , -LSB- having -RSB- a haunting effect , but -LSB- it -RSB- is on the tedious side '' , it has been described as `` an uncommonly wise down-tempo blues '' and `` one of the finest down-tempo blues songs ever recorded '' . Memphis Slim recorded several studio and live versions of the song during his career .   The 1960s San Francisco band Mother Earth , which featured the vocals of Tracy Nelson , took their name from the song . They showcased the song on their 1968 album Living with the Animals .   Eric Burdon & War included the song as part of the `` Blues for Memphis Slim '' medley for their 1970 debut album Eric Burdon Declares `` War '' . In 1995 , an edited version retitled `` Mother Earth '' , was released on The Best of Eric Burdon and War .   Two days before his death , Jimi Hendrix joined the band as an accompanist for the song at Ronnie Scott 's Jazz Club in London , making `` Mother Earth '' one of his last public performances .   Gov ' t Mule covered the song on their self-titled 1995 debut album .

neg: Meet on the Ledge `` Meet on the Ledge '' was a song released in 1968 by the English folk rock and electric folk band Fairport Convention . It was their second single .   The song was taken from the album What We Did on Our Holidays . BBC Radio 2 's Sold On Song TOP 100 songs as voted for by Radio 2 listeners put their early song `` Meet On The Ledge '' at Number 17 . They had performed `` Meet on the Ledge '' on the 1969 launch of From the Roundhouse ( a short-lived BBC-TV youth and arts programme about the London `` underground scene '' ) . The song 's title comes from a large , low hanging tree limb on which Richard Thompson used to play as a child , and which he and his friends had dubbed `` The Ledge '' . Richard Thompson acknowledged that some people interpret `` the ledge '' as some sort of code for the afterlife and that it is popular at funerals . In an interview with Mojo magazine March 2011 Richard Thompson said : `` The hardest thing about being a 17-year-old songwriter is that you 're embarrassed - you 're never going to write a song saying , ` These are my feelings , I love you . ' So I was trying to find some semi-veiled language that conveyed something to somebody somehow but which did n't really say anything up front . It 's a slightly naïve song , a little obscure . I do n't even know what it means . '' Thompson added : `` I had to sing it at my own mother 's funeral . It was in her will . That 's about the hardest thing I 've ever done '' .   The song became Fairport Convention 's unofficial anthem . At their concerts and , particularly , at the ongoing Cropredy Festival , it is often performed as the last song and a signal to fans that there will be no more encores .   Thompson was somewhat uncertain of his own vocals at the time of the first recording . Instead Sandy Denny and Ian Matthews took the honours . Thompson re-recorded it on the album Small Town Romance ( a bonus track ) , but does not give it any special prominence in his repertoire . Fairport Convention re-recorded the song in 1987 , releasing it as a track on the album In Real Time : Live '87 and as a single to tie in with the band 's 20th anniversary . Of the latter release , band member Ric Sanders quipped at the time `` We 're going to release it every 20 years until it 's a hit '' . It was covered by Eleanor Shanley , Noel Murphy and the Continental Drifters . The title has been used for a compilation album by Fairport Convention and a book about them . On the 1972 compilation History of Fairport Convention it is the first track .

neg: The Complete Studio Recordings (Led Zeppelin album) The Complete Studio Recordings is a ten compact disc box set by the English rock group Led Zeppelin , released by Atlantic Records on 24 September 1993 . It contains all nine of the original Led Zeppelin studio albums digitally remastered , and an expanded version of Coda . The albums are placed in chronological order with the exception of Presence which appears between Houses of the Holy and Physical Graffiti . The intention was to have the latter in one two-disc-sleeve .   The set 's version of Coda included some of the previously unreleased tracks that had surfaced on the box set series : `` Baby Come On Home '' , `` Travelling Riverside Blues '' , `` White Summer/Black Mountain Side '' , and `` Hey , Hey , What Can I Do '' . In 2007 , when the Led Zeppelin catalog was released to digital stores , the expanded track list for Coda was used , but omitted `` Travelling Riverside Blues '' because of its inclusion with BBC Sessions .   The set also includes a booklet featuring an extended essay by rock journalist Cameron Crowe and photos of the band .   The album cover depicts the inside structure of a zeppelin .   This title has been discontinued just prior to the launch of Mothership , and is now superseded by the Definitive Collection Mini LP Replica CD Boxset , which was released in September 2008 .

neg: Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock/Metal Performance The Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock/Metal Performance was an award presented at the 2012 and 2013 Grammy Awards , a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards . According to the 54th Grammy Awards description guide it was designed for solo , duo/groups or collaborative ( vocal or instrumental ) hard rock or metal recordings and was limited to singles or tracks only .   The award was first presented in 2012 , after a major restructuring of Grammy categories . It combined the previous categories Best Hard Rock Performance and Best Metal Performance . The restructuring was a result of the Recording Academy 's wish to decrease the list of categories and awards . However , the Recording Academy announced in June 2013 that the category would split in 2014 , returning the Best Metal Performance category and recognizing quality hard rock performances in the Best Rock Performance category . According to the Academy , `` it was determined that metal has a very distinctive sound , and hard rock more closely aligns with rock and can exist comfortably as one end of the rock spectrum . ''

neg: Insight Out Insight Out is the third album by the American pop band The Association and was released in June 1967 on Warner Bros. . Records . It was the band 's first album release for the Warner Brothers label and it became one of the top selling LPs of the year in America , peaking at number 8 on the Billboard Top LPs chart and being certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America in December 1967 . The album 's success was largely attributable to the inclusion of the U.S. hits `` Windy '' and `` Never My Love '' , which reached number 1 and number 2 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart respectively and were among the most-played records on AM radio during the late 1960s . However , the album was less successful outside of North America and failed to chart in the United Kingdom .   Insight Out was the first Association album to feature guitarist and vocalist Larry Ramos , who joined the band just prior to the album recording sessions , as a replacement for departed lead guitarist Jules Alexander . The album also saw The Association working with record producer and recording engineer Bones Howe for the first time . Howe , who had previously worked with The Mamas & the Papas and The Turtles , was brought in by the band 's manager and Warner Bros. . Records in an attempt to steer the group in a more commercial direction . As a result of Howe 's focus on obtaining a radio-friendly sound , The Association ceded much of the instrumental playing on Insight Out to a team of top L.A. session musicians , including drummer Hal Blaine , bassist Joe Osborn , keyboardist Larry Knechtel , guitarist Al Casey , and guitarist/sitarist Mike Deasy . The group also elected to record some songs written by non-band members for Insight Out , in stark contrast to their previous album Renaissance , on which the band had written and performed all of their own music .   Insight Out saw the band mixing their textured vocal harmonies with an eclectic blend of influences , including Baroque pop , folk rock , sunshine pop , psychedelia and even elements of garage punk . Along with the hit singles `` Windy '' and `` Never My Love '' , music critics Richie Unterberger and Bruce Eder have cited songs such as P. F. Sloan 's reflective `` On a Quiet Night '' , the Addrisi Brothers ' `` Happiness Is '' , and the band originals `` We Love Us '' , `` When Love Comes to Me '' , and `` Requiem for the Masses '' as standout tracks on the album . The latter song in particular was an ambitious and somber piece written by multi-instrumentalist Terry Kirkman , featuring layered Latin vocals and anti-war lyrics , which use the story of a matador dying alone in the bullring , miles away from his home , as an analogy for the plight of U.S. soldiers serving in the Vietnam War . According to Kirkman , the idea for the song came to him while caught in a frightening snowstorm during a chartered flight to a concert in Milwaukee , Wisconsin .

neg: Elvis Presley's guitars Elvis Presley 's guitars were a major component of the iconic rock and roll image created by Elvis Presley that revolutionized popular culture in the 1950s and 1960s . It is impossible to gauge the impact of that image on millions of young people around the world who were inspired to learn to play guitar after watching Presley in performance , on television , or in films . Although not known for his abilities as a guitarist , Presley had a profound musical influence on some of the most important rock and roll artists to emerge since the 1950s , including Buddy Holly , John Lennon , Paul McCartney , George Harrison , Bob Dylan , and Bruce Springsteen . The extent of Presley 's impact on their lives and music is captured in John Lennon 's famous quote : `` Before Elvis , there was nothing . ''   According to his first lead guitarist , Scotty Moore , Presley was not `` an accomplished musician '' , yet he possessed `` an uncanny and amazing sense of timing and rhythm . '' In the early years of his career , Presley 's rhythm guitar accompaniment played a major role in the sound of his early performances and recordings . Moore noted that as Presley began to learn to move on stage and to work the audience with his physical performance , his guitar became more of a `` prop '' .   Presley was not known to treat his instruments in a gentle manner . His very aggressive strumming style would frequently break strings during his performances . The lack of a microphone on his guitar throughout those years contributed to the development of his `` aggressive style in attempt to be heard '' . As his career progressed , he became even more aggressive toward his instruments , frequently tossing his guitar to Charlie Hodge , who sometimes failed to catch it . The impact of the large belt buckles and jewelry he wore left their marks on most of his instruments .

neg: Phil Carson Phil Carson is a former record label owner and London-based Senior Vice President of Atlantic Records from 1968 -- 85 . He is known for his association several rock bands , including Yes , AC/DC , and Twisted Sister .   Born in London , he was playing bass guitar in a school band eventually being tapped to play bass for Dusty Springfield . Gravitating toward the business side of music , Carson started at Swedish record label Olga Records . Nesuhi Ertegun hired Carson to run Atlantic in the UK . He cites the Ertegun brothers as mentors , particularly Ahmet , eventually co-producing the Honey Drippers album with Ahmet Ertegun .   Carson spent a great deal of time on the road with bands under his purview , most notably Led Zeppelin . He is one of only a handful of people to have jammed onstage with them and the only person to appear onstage with both Led Zeppelin and AC/DC . Carson 's deep connection to AC/DC can be underscored by the fact that he is the only record executive thanked by name on original pressings of `` Back in Black '' and `` For Those About to Rock '' .   After leaving Atlantic records , he started a management company with clients who have included Jimmy Page , Robert Plant , Paul Rodgers , Yes , Motorhead , Bonham , Asia , Foreigner , Ben E. King , Bad Company , and others . This is where Carson assembled The Firm the super group featuring Jimmy Page and Paul Rodgers .   Carson moved to the US in 1989 to run JVC 's Victory Music . He then headed up the music department at The Shooting Gallery an independent film studio . Here Carson curated the soundtrack for some award-winning films .   In the mid-90s Carson retired but kept a few clients in his management roster including Foreigner and Dee Snider .

neg: British rock and roll British rock and roll , or sometimes British rock 'n' roll , is a style of popular music based on American rock and roll , which emerged in the late 1950s and was popular until the arrival of beat music in 1962 . It has generally been considered inferior to the American version of the genre , and made little international or lasting impact . However , it was important in establishing British youth and popular music culture and was a key factor in subsequent developments that led to the British Invasion of the mid-1960s . Since the 1960s , some stars of the genre , most notably Cliff Richard , have managed to sustain successful careers and there have been periodic revivals of this form of music .

neg: Splendor Solis (album) Splendor Solis ( 1993 ) is The Tea Party 's second album , and their first major label release on EMI Music Canada . The overall tone of the album is very organic and natural , with many songs featuring 6 - and 12-string guitar acoustic guitars , and very little in terms of electronic effects or production techniques .   The album draws heavily on the rock and blues of the 1970s , as well as displaying some psychedelic influences . As a result , The Tea Party was often compared to Led Zeppelin , a parallel that was reinforced by Jeff Martin playing guitar with a violin bow ( not unlike Jimmy Page ) on `` Save Me '' . Martin 's appearance , voice and singing style also drew comparisons to those of Jim Morrison , as did some of the album 's lyrics . `` Sure , '' said Stuart Chatwood said of these comparisons `` we draw from 70s rock as much as the other influences we 've talked about . You ca n't ignore the power that Led Zeppelin or The Doors had , and there are elements of those influences in our songs , but it 's a cop out to then write us off as some retro act . If people listen closely , they 'll appreciate the originality of what we 're doing , time changes . The fact that Jeff 's a rock baritone does n't justify the laziness of critics who slag him as a Morrison wanna-be . ''   Splendor Solis sold very well in Canada , reaching # 20 on the Canadian album chart and platinum status in 1994 ( now double platinum in 2000 ) , and earning a Juno nomination for `` Best Hard Rock Album '' . The band was also nominated for `` Best New Group '' . Splendor Solis was also The Tea Party 's first gold selling album in Australia , where the band had enjoyed great success throughout their career .


query: Dwyane Wade played for Chicago.

pos: Dwyane Wade Dwyane Tyrone Wade Jr. ( -LSB- dweɪn -RSB- ; born January 17 , 1982 ) is an American professional basketball player for the Chicago Bulls of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) . He has established himself as one of the most well-known and popular players in the league . Wade had the top-selling jersey in the NBA for nearly two years , leading the league in jersey sales from the 2005 NBA Playoffs , until the midpoint of the 2006 -- 07 season .   After a successful college career at Marquette , Wade was drafted fifth overall in the 2003 NBA draft by the Miami Heat . He was named to the All-Rookie team and the All-Star team the following twelve seasons . In his third season , Wade led the Heat to their first NBA championship in franchise history and was named the 2006 NBA Finals MVP . At the 2008 Summer Olympics , Wade led the United States men 's basketball team , commonly known as the `` Redeem Team '' , in scoring , and helped them capture gold medal honors in Beijing , China . In the 2008 -- 09 season , Wade led the league in scoring and earned his first NBA scoring title . With LeBron James and Chris Bosh , Wade guided Miami to four consecutive NBA Finals from 2011 to 2014 , winning back-to-back championships in 2012 and 2013 . In 2016 , Wade departed the Heat in free agency to play for the Chicago Bulls .

neg: MLS Cup '98 MLS Cup '98 was the final playoff match of the 1998 Major League Soccer season , the 3rd season of first-division professional soccer in the United States since the collapse of the original North American Soccer League .   The match took place on Sunday , 25 October 1998 , at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena , California , between Chicago Fire Soccer Club and D.C. United . It was the third consecutive appearance in the MLS Cup final by D.C. United and the first appearance by an expansion club ( Chicago ) in the final . Chicago Fire won the match 2-0 , with goals from Jerzy Podbrożny and Diego Gutiérrez . In doing so , Chicago became the first expansion club to win MLS Cup , astonishingly in the team 's inaugural season . The win also completed a domestic double for the Fire , the first American club to win both a league championship and the U.S. Open Cup in a single season . DC in turn became the first team to reach three consecutive finals ( still standing as of date ) and the first club to fail to score .   As the top two finishers in the MLS Cup Playoffs , both D.C. United and Chicago Fire earned the right to represent the United States in the 1999 CONCACAF Champions ' Cup . The clubs faced off once again in the third-place match of the continental tournament , almost a year after meeting in MLS Cup ' 98 . That game ended in a 2-2 draw .

neg: 1994–95 Cleveland Cavaliers season The 1994 -- 95 NBA season was the 25th season of the National Basketball Association for the franchise based in Cleveland , Ohio . This was also the team 's first season playing at the Gund Arena . During the offseason , the Cavaliers signed unrestricted free agent Michael Cage . Despite losing Brad Daugherty and Gerald Wilkins for the entire season , and Mark Price for 34 games due to injuries , the Cavaliers posted an 11-game winning streak in December which led them to a 20 -- 8 start . However , they played below .500 for the remainder of the season , finishing 4th in the Central Division with a 43 -- 39 record . Tyrone Hill was the team 's leading rebounder and was selected for the 1995 NBA All-Star Game . However , the Cavaliers would lose to the New York Knicks 3 -- 1 in the first round of the playoffs . Following the season , Price was traded to the Washington Bullets , Hot Rod Williams was dealt to the Phoenix Suns , and Wilkins left in the 1995 NBA Expansion Draft .   For the season the team added black , light blue and orange to their color scheme , as well as new uniforms and a logo , which would remain in use until 2003 . Although , the uniforms were slightly changed in 1997 .   Key Dates :

neg: 1991 NBA Playoffs The 1991 NBA Playoffs was the postseason tournament of the National Basketball Association 's 1990 -- 91 season . The tournament concluded with the Eastern Conference champion Chicago Bulls defeating the Western Conference champion Los Angeles Lakers 4 games to 1 in the NBA Finals . Michael Jordan was named NBA Finals MVP .   After the Pistons had ended their season the last three years , the Bulls got revenge in the Eastern Conference Finals by sweeping the two-time defending NBA champions . It was the first time the Bulls won a playoff series over the Pistons since 1974 , when both teams were still part of the Western Conference . Game 4 ended with some of the Pistons walking off the court before time expired , refusing to shake the Bulls ' hands . In the 1989 NBA Finals , the Pistons themselves had swept the two-time defending champion Lakers . Detroit did not reach the conference finals again until 2003 .   The seventh seeded Golden State Warriors stunned the San Antonio Spurs in the first round of the playoffs , defeating them 3 games to 1 . It would be Golden State 's last playoff series win until 2007 .   The 76ers and the Bucks met in the first round of the playoffs where the 76ers swept the series . It would be both teams last playoff appearance until 1999 .   Game 4 of the Blazers -- Jazz series was the last game ever played at the Salt Palace .   This was the first year that NBC aired the NBA Playoffs .

neg: 2013 Chicago Slaughter season The 2013 Chicago Slaughter season was the team 's seventh season as a football franchise and fourth in the Indoor Football League ( IFL ) . One of just nine teams competing in the IFL for the 2013 season , the Chicago Slaughter were members of the United Conference . Led by longtime head coach Steve `` Mongo '' McMichael , the team played their home games at the Sears Centre in Hoffman Estates , Illinois .   The team earned a 9 -- 5 regular season record but struggled financially . Delayed paychecks led coach McMichael and several players to refuse the final road game of the season , forcing the Slaughter to fill out their roster with semi-pro players from Wisconsin and former members of the Green Bay Blizzard .

neg: 1992–93 Atlanta Hawks season The 1992 -- 93 NBA season was the Hawks ' 44th season in the National Basketball Association , and 25th season in Atlanta . Prior to the start of the season , the Hawks acquired point guard Mookie Blaylock from the New Jersey Nets . After losing their season opener at home to the New York Knicks 106 -- 94 , the Hawks would defeat the defending champion Chicago Bulls on the road , 100 -- 99 at the Chicago Stadium on November 7 . However , they got off to a rough start losing five of their first seven games , which led them to a mediocre 12 -- 17 start in early January . With a 26 -- 31 record , they would win 12 of their next 13 games while posting a 12 -- 3 record in March , on their way to finishing fourth in the Central Division with a 43 -- 39 record .   Dominique Wilkins surpassed Bob Pettit as the Hawks all-time scoring leader , finishing second in the league in scoring averaging 29.9 points per game . He was named to the All-NBA Second Team and selected for the 1993 NBA All-Star Game . However , in the first round of the playoffs , the Hawks would be swept by the Bulls in three straight games . Following the season , head coach Bob Weiss was fired .   For the season , the Hawks changed their uniforms which lasted until 1995 .

neg: Chicago Sparta The Sparta Athletic and Benevolent Association Football Club , better known as Chicago Sparta , is one of the longest continually established soccer clubs in the United States . Founded in 1917 , it was one of the dominant teams from Chicago , Illinois from the mid-1920s to the late 1940s .

neg: Live! in Chicago Live ! In Chicago is a blues album by Kenny Wayne Shepherd Band .

neg: List of Chicago Blackhawks head coaches The Chicago Blackhawks are an American professional ice hockey team based in Chicago , Illinois . They play in the Central Division of the Western Conference in the National Hockey League ( NHL ) . The team was first named the `` Chicago Black Hawks '' , until 1986 , when spelling found in the original franchise documents spelled the franchise name as the `` Chicago Blackhawks '' , making the team change its name in response . The team is also referred to as the `` Hawks '' . The Blackhawks began their NHL play in the 1926 -- 27 season as an expansion team with the Detroit Cougars and the New York Rangers , and is one of the Original Six teams . The franchise has 6 Stanley Cup championships , most recently winning in the 2014-2015 season . Having played in the Chicago Coliseum ( 1926 -- 1929 ) and the Chicago Stadium ( 1929 -- 1994 ) , the Blackhawks have played their home games at the United Center since 1994 . The Blackhawks are owned by Rocky Wirtz ; Stan Bowman is the general manager , and Jonathan Toews is the team captain .   There have been 37 head coaches for the Blackhawks . The franchise 's first head coach was Pete Muldoon , who coached for 44 games in the 1926 -- 27 season . However , he is also well remembered for allegedly `` putting a curse '' on the Blackhawks , which stipulated that the team would never finish in first in the NHL . The Blackhawks never had a first-place finish until 40 years after that incident . Hughie Lehman , originally the team 's goaltender , became the Blackhawks ' third head coach after yelling at the first Blackhawks owner , Frederic McLaughlin , that his proposed plays were `` the craziest bunch of junk -LSB- he had -RSB- ever seen '' .   Orval Tessier became the only head coach to have been awarded the Jack Adams Award with the Blackhawks by winning it in the 1982 -- 83 season . Tommy Gorman , Tommy Ivan , and Rudy Pilous are the only Blackhawks head coaches to have been elected to the Hockey Hall of Fame as a builder . Gorman , Bill Stewart , Pulios , and Joel Quenneville are the only coaches to have won a Stanley Cup championship as the head coach of the Hawks .   Billy Reay , the Blackhawks ' head coach for 14 seasons , is the franchise 's all-time leader for the most regular-season and playoff games coached and wins , with 1012 regular-season games coached , 516 regular-season game wins , 117 playoff games coached , and 57 playoff game wins . Twenty-three head coaches spent their entire NHL head coaching careers with the Blackhawks . Darryl Sutter and Brian Sutter are the only pair of brothers to have coached the Blackhawks ; both coached the Hawks for three seasons each .   Joel Quenneville has been the head coach of the Blackhawks since the firing of Denis Savard during the 2008 -- 09 season .   __ NOTOC __

neg: 1990–91 Chicago Blackhawks season The 1990 -- 91 Chicago Blackhawks season was the team 's 65th season . After making the Conference Finals two years in a row , the Blackhawks were hosts for one of the most emotional NHL All-Star Game games in history , and finished with 106 points winning the NHL Presidents ' Trophy for best record in the league . The Hawks received terrific performances from Steve Larmer , Jeremy Roenick , Chris Chelios , Dirk Graham and rookie Ed Belfour . Hockey it seemed was back in Chicago , and dreams of the first Stanley Cup since Hull and Mikita were rampant . However the playoffs matched the Hawks with their old rivals , the Minnesota North Stars , who crushed their dreams with a defeat in the first round of the 1991 Stanley Cup Playoffs - four games to two . 90-91 represented the peak of the Blackhawks between the Hull/Mikita years and the Toews/Kane years , and is probably the best Blackhawks team never to win the Stanley Cup .

neg: 1998–99 Miami Heat season The 1998 -- 99 NBA season was the 11th season for the Miami Heat in the National Basketball Association . During the offseason , the Heat signed free agents Terry Porter and Clarence Weatherspoon . In the shortened NBA season , the Heat won 18 of their first 23 games , despite Jamal Mashburn playing just 24 games due to a knee injury , and Voshon Lenard missing 38 games with a broken leg . Miami finished with a 33 -- 17 win-loss record , which earned them the # 1 seed in the Eastern Conference . Alonzo Mourning was named Defensive Player of the Year , and finished second in MVP voting behind Karl Malone of the Utah Jazz .   In the playoffs , the Heat faced the New York Knicks for the third consecutive time . The 8th-seeded Knicks defeated the Heat in the Eastern Conference First round , with Allan Houston of New York hitting a buzzer-beater basket in the winner-take-all Game 5 , which prevailed the Knicks over Miami , 78 -- 77 . This was also their final full season playing at the Miami Arena . Following the season , Porter signed as a free agent with the San Antonio Spurs , and longtime Heat forward Keith Askins retired .

neg: Chicago Swans The Chicago Swans is a United States Australian Football League team , based in Chicago , United States . It was founded in 1998 . They play in the Mid American Australian Football League .

neg: Chicago Trolley & Double Decker Co. The Chicago Trolley & Double Decker Co. , runs the original hop on hop off tour and private rental service based in Chicago , Illinois , United States . It is the largest tour operator in the Chicago area , with a fleet of 26 double-decker buses and 39 trolleys .   They were the only transportation and managed the World Series Parade for the 2016 Chicago Cubs , the World Series Parade for the 2005 Chicago White Sox , and all three Stanley Cup Parades for the Chicago Blackhawks .   The company was founded in 1994 with a small fleet of 8 trolleys . It has grown to be a Chicago tourist attraction . Corporations and department stores in the city use Chicago Trolley to promote sales . In 2007 , it ranked third ( behind Navy Pier and Millennium Park ) in terms of the number of tourists it hosted .   Chicago Trolley & Double Decker Co is a member of Coach USA .

neg: Comcast SportsNet Chicago Comcast SportsNet Chicago ( sometimes abbreviated as CSN Chicago ) is an American regional sports network that is owned by the NBC Sports Group unit of NBCUniversal ( which owns 20 % , and is itself owned by Comcast , the primary cable provider in the Chicago market ) , the family of Chicago Cubs owner J. Joseph Ricketts ( who own 20 % ) , Chicago Bulls and White Sox owner Jerry Reinsdorf ( who owns a 40 % majority interest ) , and Chicago Blackhawks owner Rocky Wirtz ( who owns 20 % ) .   The channel broadcasts regional coverage of professional sports teams in the Chicago metropolitan area , as well as college sports events and original sports-related news , discussion and entertainment programming . CSN Chicago is available on cable and fiber optic television providers in most of Illinois , and throughout northern Indiana , Iowa , Kenosha County , Wisconsin and southwest Michigan and nationwide on satellite providers DirecTV and Dish Network . The network maintains main studios and offices located at 350 North Orleans Street , inside the River North Point Center in the Near North Side area .

neg: Ben Wade Benjamin Styron Wade ( November 25 , 1922 -- December 2 , 2002 ) was an American professional baseball pitcher and scout in Major League Baseball . He played for the Chicago Cubs ( 1948 ) , Brooklyn Dodgers ( 1952 -- 54 ) , St. Louis Cardinals ( 1954 ) and Pittsburgh Pirates ( 1955 ) . Wade batted and threw right-handed . He was born in Morehead City , North Carolina . His older brother , Jake , was also a major league pitcher .   In a five-season major league career , Wade posted a 19 -- 17 record with 235 strikeouts and a 4.34 ERA in 371 innings pitched . Wade also pitched 16 seasons in the minor leagues , winning 148 games and pitching over 2000 innings for thirteen different teams .   After his playing career , Wade spent many years as a scout and then director of scouting for the Los Angeles Dodgers , supplying the team with players that would lead it to eight National League championships and four World Series titles during the 1960s , 1970s and 1980s . Wade died in Los Angeles , at the age of 80 .   The book Carl Erskine 's Tales from the Dodgers Dugout : Extra Innings ( 2004 ) includes short stories from former Dodger pitcher Carl Erskine . Wade is prominent in many of these stories .

neg: 2013–14 Miami Heat season The 2013 -- 14 Miami Heat season was the franchise 's 26th season in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) . They entered the season as two-time defending NBA champions ( third overall ) , and three-time defending Eastern Conference champions , the fourth and final season playing with the `` Big Three '' of Dwyane Wade , LeBron James , and Chris Bosh , and the sixth season under head coach Erik Spoelstra . In a rematch of the previous year 's Eastern Conference Finals , the Heat defeated the Indiana Pacers in six games to become the first team to win four consecutive Eastern Conference championships since the 1986 -- 87 Boston Celtics capped a Boston-dominant string going back to the 1983 -- 84 season . Miami 's quest for a three-peat ended when the San Antonio Spurs , whom they would meet again in a rematch of last year 's NBA Finals and defeated in seven games , won the NBA Finals by a 4 -- 1 margin . Following the season , LeBron left the Heat to rejoin the Cleveland Cavaliers .

neg: 2006–07 Miami Heat season The 2006 -- 07 Miami Heat season was the 19th season of the Miami Heat in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) . Despite injuries to several players , including Dwyane Wade , the Heat repeated as Southeast division champions . With a record of 44 -- 38 , it was clear that the Heat was not the same team of years past . The Heat ended the season with a four-game playoff sweep to the Chicago Bulls in the first round . Following the season , Gary Payton retired .

neg: Three-peat Three-peat is a term used primarily in American sports to refer to winning three consecutive championships . The term , a portmanteau of the words three and repeat , originated with the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association , during their unsuccessful campaign for a third consecutive championship during the 1988 -- 89 season , having won the previous 2 NBA Finals in 1987 and 1988 against the Boston Celtics and Detroit Pistons , but were swept by the Pistons in the 1989 NBA Finals . The term is a registered trademark owned by Hardo Beers , the Lakers ' Hardo strength coach from 1981 -- 1990 , although it was coined by L.A. player Byron Scott immediately after their victorious championship defense against the Detroit Pistons in the 1988 NBA Finals .

neg: Southwest Division (NBA) The Southwest Division is one of the three divisions in the Western Conference of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) . The division is located in the South Central United States and consists of five teams , the Dallas Mavericks , the Houston Rockets , the Memphis Grizzlies , the New Orleans Pelicans and the San Antonio Spurs . Three of the teams , the Mavericks , Rockets , and Spurs , are based in Texas .   The division was created at the start of the 2004 -- 05 season , when the league expanded from 29 to 30 teams with the addition of the Charlotte Bobcats . The league realigned itself into three divisions in each conference . The Southwest Division began with five inaugural members , the Mavericks , the Rockets , the Grizzlies , the Hornets ( now Pelicans ) and the Spurs . The Mavericks , the Rockets , the Grizzlies and the Spurs joined from the now-defunct Midwest Division , while the Pelicans joined from the Central Division .   The Spurs have won the most Southwest Division titles with eight . The Mavericks have won two titles and the Pelicans and Rockets have won one title each . The Grizzlies have never won the Southwest Division title . Four NBA champions came from the Southwest Division . The Spurs won the NBA championship in 2005 , 2007 and 2014 , while the Mavericks won in 2011 . In the 2007 -- 08 season , all four teams that qualified for the playoffs each had more than 50 wins . In the 2010 -- 11 season and the 2014 -- 15 season , all teams in the division had winning percentages above 0.500 ( 50 % ) . In the 2014 -- 15 season , the Southwest Division saw every one of its teams making the playoffs , a feat achieved only twice in the last 30 years . The most recent division champion is the San Antonio Spurs .

neg: Los Angeles Lakers The Los Angeles Lakers are an American professional basketball team based in Los Angeles . The Lakers compete in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) , as a member of the league 's Western Conference Pacific Division . The Lakers play their home games at Staples Center , an arena shared with the NBA 's Los Angeles Clippers , the Los Angeles Sparks of the Women 's National Basketball Association , and the Los Angeles Kings of the National Hockey League . The Lakers are one of the most successful teams in the history of the NBA , and have won 16 NBA championships , their last being in 2010 . As of 2015 , the Lakers are the second most valuable franchise in the NBA according to Forbes , having an estimated value of $ 2.7 billion .   The franchise began with the 1947 purchase of a disbanded team , the Detroit Gems of the National Basketball League ( NBL ) . The new team began playing in Minneapolis , calling themselves the Minneapolis Lakers in honor of the state 's nickname , `` Land of 10,000 Lakes '' . Initially a member of the NBL , the Lakers won the 1948 NBL championship before joining the rival Basketball Association of America and winning five of the next six BAA and NBA championships in Minneapolis after the NBA formed in 1949 . The team was propelled by center George Mikan , who is described by the NBA 's official website as the league 's `` first superstar '' . After struggling financially in the late 1950s following Mikan 's retirement , they relocated to Los Angeles before the 1960 -- 61 season .   Led by Hall of Famers Elgin Baylor and Jerry West , Los Angeles made the NBA Finals six times in the 1960s , but lost each series to the Boston Celtics , beginning their long and storied rivalry . In 1968 , the Lakers acquired four-time NBA Most Valuable Player ( MVP ) Wilt Chamberlain to play center , and after losing in the Finals in 1969 and 1970 , they won their sixth NBA title -- and first in Los Angeles -- in 1972 , led by new head coach Bill Sharman . After the retirement of West and Chamberlain , the team acquired another center , Kareem Abdul-Jabbar , who had won multiple MVP awards , but was unable to make the Finals in the late 1970s . The 1980s Lakers were nicknamed `` Showtime '' due to their Magic Johnson-led fast break-offense , and won five championships in a 9-year span , including their first ever Finals championship against the Celtics in 1985 . This team featured Hall of Famers in Johnson , Abdul-Jabbar , and James Worthy , and a Hall of Fame coach , Pat Riley . After Abdul-Jabbar and Johnson 's retirement , the team struggled in the early 1990s before acquiring Shaquille O'Neal and Kobe Bryant in 1996 . Led by O'Neal , Bryant , and another Hall of Fame coach , Phil Jackson , Los Angeles won three consecutive titles between 2000 to 2002 , securing the franchise its second `` three-peat '' . After losing both the 2004 and 2008 NBA Finals , the Lakers won two more championships by defeating the Orlando Magic in 2009 and Boston in 2010 .   The Lakers hold the record for NBA 's longest winning streak , 33 straight games , set during the 1971 -- 72 season . 21 Hall of Famers have played for Los Angeles , while four have coached the team . Four Lakers -- Abdul-Jabbar , Johnson , O'Neal , and Bryant -- have won the NBA MVP Award for a total of eight awards .

neg: Gary Payton Gary Dwayne Payton ( born July 23 , 1968 ) is an American former professional basketball player . He started at the point guard position . He is best known for his 13-year tenure with the Seattle SuperSonics , and holds Seattle franchise records in points , assists , and steals . He also played with the Milwaukee Bucks , Los Angeles Lakers , Boston Celtics and Miami Heat , the last with whom he won an NBA championship . He was nicknamed `` The Glove '' for his excellent defensive ability . He was inducted into the Naismith Basketball Hall of Fame on September 8 , 2013 .   Payton is widely considered one of the best point guards of all time and is the only point guard that has won the NBA Defensive Player of the Year award . He was selected to the NBA All-Defensive First Team nine times , an NBA record he shares with Michael Jordan , Kevin Garnett and Kobe Bryant . He was also a nine-time NBA All-Star and a nine-time All-NBA Team member .   Considered the `` NBA 's reigning high scorer among point guards '' in his prime , Payton is referred to as `` probably as complete a guard as there ever was '' by Basketball Hall of Famer Gail Goodrich .