query: Assassin's Creed does not have nine main games.

pos: Assassin's Creed Assassin 's Creed is a franchise centered on an action-adventure video-game series developed by Ubisoft . It depicts in the centuries-old struggle between the Assassins , who fight for peace with free will , and the Templars , who desire peace through control . Featuring historical fiction and characters , mixed with real-world historical events , and figures . The series took inspiration from the novel Alamut by the Slovenian writer Vladimir Bartol , while building upon concepts from the Prince of Persia series .   The franchise began in 2007 with the release of Assassin 's Creed . The main videogame series consists of nine games , developed by Ubisoft Montreal ( single player ) and Ubisoft Annecy ( multiplayer ) , released on PlayStation 3 , PlayStation 4 , Xbox 360 , Xbox One , Wii U , Microsoft Windows , and OS X platforms . Many spin-off games have been made for Nintendo DS , PlayStation Portable , PlayStation Vita , iOS , HP webOS , Android , Nokia Symbian Windows Phone platforms , the handheld games are developed by Gameloft and Gryptonite Studios , with additional development by Ubisoft Montreal . The series has been well received by the public and critics , and has sold over 100 million copies , becoming Ubisoft 's best selling franchise and one of the highest selling video game franchises of all time .   Additionally from the video-games the series has been expanded into a film , comics and novels ; all of which take place within the same continuity as the main video-games series .

neg: Lara Croft Go Lara Croft Go is a 2015 turn-based puzzle video game in the Tomb Raider series . The player moves Lara Croft as a puzzle piece through a board game while avoiding obstacles and manipulating the environment . The developers distilled major series motifs , such as boulder chases and reaction-based gameplay , to suit Lara Croft Go time-independent gameplay . Square Enix Montreal developed the game as a spiritual successor to its 2014 Hitman Go , based on another Square Enix franchise . The company released Lara Croft Go in August 2015 for Android , iOS , Windows , and Windows Phone devices . A version for PlayStation 4 and PlayStation Vita was unveiled in November 2016 .   The game received generally favorable reviews . Critics praised its aesthetics , puzzle design , and fidelity to the series , but criticized its short length and disputed its degree of difficulty . It was selected for a 2016 Apple Design Award , Apple 's 2015 iPhone game of the year , and best mobile/handheld game at the 2015 The Game Awards .

neg: The Rivals for Catan The Rivals for Catan ( Die Fürsten von Catan ) is an updated revision of the Catan Card Game , a card game adaptation of The Settlers of Catan . The game was released in 2010 . It is a member of the Catan series of games , and is published by Kosmos in German and Mayfair Games in English . Like its predecessor , The Rivals for Catan is a two-player game . As with the Catan Adventures series of games , the theme is based on the Rebecca Gablé novel The Settlers of Catan , a novel based on the original board game .   The development of The Rivals for Catan and its evolution from the Catan Card Game was documented on the official Catanism blog in eight parts , titled `` The Reform of the Catan Card Game '' . There are a few minor changes to the rules between the two editions . The two editions are not compatible with each other , but they share many cards in common . The changes were motivated by the escalating complexity of the rules in the Catan Card Game ( which had , in 2003 , undergone a major rules revision ) in order to make the game more accessible .   Cards in The Rivals for Catan are organized into `` Theme Sets '' , which broadly follow the progression of time on Catan . Included with the base game are three theme sets , `` The Era of Gold '' , `` The Era of Turmoil '' , and `` The Era of Progress '' , with each expansion of The Rivals of Catan containing additional theme sets . The Rivals of Catan supports three ( four with expansions ) different rulesets , called the Introductory ( no theme sets ) , Theme Deck ( all cards from one theme set ) , Duel of the Princes ( parts of all theme sets ) , and Tournament ( custom deck ) games .   In 2011 an expansion called `` Age of Darkness '' ( `` Dunkle Zeiten '' ) with the theme sets `` The Era of Intrigue '' , `` The Era of Merchants Princes '' , and `` The Era of Barbarians '' was released . This expansion contains new card types : Region Expansions , Extraordinary Sites , Road Complements , a new center card and Marker cards . Furthermore , there are now cards which can be placed in the opponent 's principality .   For 2012 a second expansion , `` Age of Enlightenment '' ( `` Goldene Zeiten '' ) was released . This 125-card expansion includes three theme sets : `` The Era of Explorers '' , `` The Era of Sages '' , and `` The Era of Prosperity '' .

neg: Bit.Trip Bit.Trip , stylized BIT.TRIP , is a series of seven video games developed by Choice Provisions ( or under their previous name Gaijin Games ) and published by Aksys Games for the Wii , Nintendo 3DS , Microsoft Windows , OS X , PS Vita , and PS4 . It was published by Arc System Works for WiiWare and Nintendo eShop in Japan , and by Namco Networks America Inc for the iPhone , iPod Touch and iPad . Each game revolves around the adventures of a character named `` Commander Video '' , and features `` a crazy mix of 80s aesthetics and modern game design '' . The styles of the games range from pong-like , to platforming , and shooting . Each game in the series features a chiptune-inspired soundtrack , but a different style of rhythm-based gameplay in each . Most games in the series have few levels ; Beat , Core , Void and Flux have only three levels each while Fate has six and Runner has 36 . Most of the games feature levels lasting between 10 and 25 minutes to make up for having such few levels . The games also consists of 8 modes , Nether , Hyper , Mega , Super , Ultra , Extra , Giga , and Meta , which changes based on how well the player does . Each successive game adds a new mode , the highest being Mega in Beat , and Meta in Flux .

neg: Zombie Army Trilogy Zombie Army Trilogy is a third-person tactical shooter stealth video game developed and published by Rebellion Developments . It is a spin-off to the Sniper Elite series , released on March 6 , 2015 for Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 4 and Xbox One . The premise of the game is that , in an alternative version of the final days of World War II , with the German army close to defeat , Adolf Hitler deploys a last resort plan to raise the fallen as zombies through occult rituals and turn them against Allied forces , thus causing Germany to become overrun with the undead .   The trilogy includes a remastered version of the original Nazi Zombie Army and its sequel , which were both released in 2013 as standalone downloadable content for Sniper Elite V2 , and a previously unreleased third installment in the series . The game , which can be played co-operatively or solo , features the single-player campaigns of the first two Nazi Zombie Army titles , alongside the new third chapter , combined into one Campaign mode , with a Horde mode similar to Killing Floor and the aforementioned Left 4 Dead series also being available . The game 's co-operative modes support eight playable characters , four of which are new female characters . In August 2015 , the main characters of both games in the Left 4 Dead series were also added exclusively to the PC version 's playable character roster .

neg: Assassin (video game) Assassin is a video game for the Commodore Amiga system . It was developed by Psionic Systems and published in by Team17 , the company best known for developing the Worms franchise . The game is an action game that has platform and shoot 'em up type gameplay . Assassin was updated and re-released in as Assassin : Special Edition .

neg: Multiplayer online game A multiplayer online game is a multiplayer video game which can be played via a game server over the internet , with other players around the world . Some prominent examples of this include fighting games ( e.g. Street Fighter IV and Tekken 6 ) , sports games ( e.g. NHL 14 and Grid Autosport ) , older online games ( e.g. Sega Meganet titles ) , first-person shooters ( Battlefield 2 , BZFlag , Call of Duty , Counter-Strike , Quake 3 , Resistance 3 and Unreal Tournament ) , a subgenre of shooter games called hero shooter ( Battleborn , Overwatch and Paladins ) , strategy video games ( e.g. Warcraft 3 and StarCraft or II ) and a subgenre of strategy games called multiplayer online battle arena ( e.g. Defense of the Ancients , League of Legends , Dota 2 and Heroes of the Storm ) .   These games differ from massively multiplayer online game ( MMO ) in that they do not create a persistent world , but create a playing arena for the purpose of a single game or round . In other words , they rely on a game listen server used only for that round , and there can be numerous servers all around the world . MMO games on the other hand , rely on dedicated servers , as these games must be running continuously .

neg: Game Developers Choice Award for Game of the Year The Game Developers Choice Award for the Game of the Year , also known as GDCA Game of the Year is the main video game award presented at the Game Developers Conference ( GDC ) , the largest annual gathering of professional video game developers . The conference , usually held in or around March in San Francisco , presents the award as part of the Game Developers Choice Awards ( GDCA ) , a series of awards honoring outstanding achievements in video game design for games released during the previous calendar year .   Established in 2001 , the award is considered the most prestigious peer-awarded accolade in the digital games industry , as the winners are selected by votes of game developers themselves .   As of the 16th conference held in March 2016 , only three studios -- all of them American -- have won the award more than once :  Valve Corporation , for Half-Life 2 ( 2004 ) and Portal ( 2007 )  Bethesda Game Studios , for Fallout 3 ( 2008 ) and The Elder Scrolls V : Skyrim ( 2011 )  Naughty Dog , for Uncharted 2 : Among Thieves ( 2009 ) and The Last of Us ( 2013 )   Developers with three or more nominations in the category include Nintendo EAD ( 6 ) , BioWare ( 5 ) , Bethesda Game Studios ( 4 ) , Rockstar North ( 4 ) , Ubisoft Montreal ( 4 ) , FromSoftware ( 3 ) , Lionhead Studios ( 3 ) , and Valve Corporation ( 3 ) .   As for video game publishers , the most successful to date is Sony Computer Entertainment with 9 nominations and 4 wins , followed by Nintendo ( 8 nominations and 1 win ) , Electronic Arts ( 7 nominations and 1 win ) and Rockstar Games ( 6 nominations and 1 win ) .

neg: List of accolades received by BioShock Infinite BioShock Infinite is a first-person shooter video game developed by Irrational Games and published by 2K Games . Players assume control of Booker DeWitt ( Troy Baker ) , who is sent to rescue Elizabeth ( Courtnee Draper ) from her captivity on the floating air city of Columbia . The game 's development was led by creative director Ken Levine . The game was officially announced on August 12 , 2010 , and was widely anticipated . At the Spike Video Game Awards , it was nominated Most Anticipated Game three times .   Following its previews at the Electronic Entertainment Expo , the game won numerous awards , including Best of Show from several gaming publications . It was released worldwide on March 26 , 2013 for Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 . Review aggregator Metacritic assigned the game a normalized score of 94 out of 100 , indicating `` universal acclaim '' , based on 27 and 68 reviews for the Windows and PlayStation 3 versions , respectively ; the Xbox 360 version received 93 out of 100 based on 33 reviews . Within four months of its release , BioShock Infinite sold approximately four million copies , and eleven million by June 2015 .   BioShock Infinite garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for its music , story , visual design , characters , and the acting of its cast . At the 17th Annual DICE Awards , the game received six nominations and went on to win two awards : Action Game of the Year , and Outstanding Achievement in Original Music Composition . The game earned four nominations at the 10th British Academy Video Games Awards , winning Original Music . At IGN 's Best of 2013 , the game garnered twenty nominations and went on to win nine awards , including Best Overall Shooter Game and Best Overall Graphics for Art Design .   At the 14th Annual Game Developers Choice Awards , BioShock Infinite won Best Audio and Best Visual Art . The game received nine nominations at the Spike VGX , winning Best Shooter , Best Song in a Game and Character of the Year . At the National Academy of Video Game Trade Reviewers Awards , the game received eleven nominations , with Courtnee Draper winning Supporting Performance in a Drama . The game appeared on several year-end lists of the best games of 2013 , receiving Game of the Year wins from the Associated Press , CNN , Electronic Gaming Monthly , Entertainment Weekly , Forbes , and Games .

neg: List of Square Enix video game franchises Square Enix is a Japanese video game development and publishing company formed from the merger of video game developer Square and publisher Enix on April 1 , 2003 . The company is best known for its role-playing video game franchises , which include the Final Fantasy series , the Dragon Quest series , and the action role-playing Kingdom Hearts series . Since its inception , the company has developed or published hundreds of titles in various video game franchises on numerous gaming systems . Of its properties , the Final Fantasy franchise is the best-selling , with a total worldwide sales of over 110 million units . The Dragon Quest series has shipped over 66 million units worldwide and is one of the most popular video game series in Japan , while the Kingdom Hearts series has shipped over 22 million copies worldwide .   Square Enix has owned Taito , which continues to publish its own video games , since September 2005 , and acquired game publisher Eidos Interactive in April 2009 , which was merged with Square Enix 's European publishing wing and renamed as Square Enix Europe . This list includes franchises in which Square Enix , or its original components Square and Enix , or its subsidiaries , were the primary developer or publisher , even if the series was begun prior to the subsidiary 's acquisition . Franchises are defined as any set of interconnected media consisting of more than one release , and video game franchises are defined as franchises which were initially created as a video game or series of video games .   For a list of all individual games developed or published by Square Enix , see the list of Square Enix video games and mobile games . For games released before the merger , see the Square and Enix video games . For games released by Taito , both before and after the acquisition , see the list of Taito games , and for games published by Eidos prior to acquisition see the list of Eidos games .

neg: List of Final Fantasy media Final Fantasy is a series of role-playing video games developed and published by Square Enix ( formerly Square ) . Its first game premiered in Japan in 1987 , and Final Fantasy games have subsequently been localized for markets in North America , Europe and Australia , on nearly every video game console since its debut on the Nintendo Entertainment System . Final Fantasy is Square Enix 's most successful franchise , having sold over 97 million units worldwide to date . In addition to traditional role-playing games , the series includes tactical role-playing games , portable games , massively multiplayer online role-playing games , and games for mobile phones . Its popularity has placed it as the sixth-best-selling video game franchise , and the series has won multiple awards over the years .   In addition to the 15 games released as part of the main ( numbered ) series and their many spin-offs and related titles , the Final Fantasy series has spawned many works in other media including anime , movies , novels and manga , and radio dramas . Final Fantasy : Unlimited , originally a stand-alone anime series , now has its own sub-franchise which includes video games . Many games , particularly the main series , have soundtrack album releases featuring their music in different arrangements . Square Enix has also consistently released companion books for its games which provide additional backstory and plot information , as well as detailed walkthroughs for the game . Since the announcement of Compilation of Final Fantasy VII , Square Enix has focused on `` polymorphic content '' , expanding each game world with material on many video game platforms , as well as other forms of media .

neg: Metal Gear Solid 4: Guns of the Patriots Metal Gear Solid 4 : Guns of the Patriots is an action-adventure stealth video game developed by Kojima Productions and published by Konami exclusively for the PlayStation 3 console . It is the sixth Metal Gear game directed by Hideo Kojima , and was released worldwide on June 12 , 2008 .   Set five years after the events of Metal Gear Solid 2 : Sons of Liberty , the story centers around a prematurely aged Solid Snake , now known as Old Snake , as he goes on one last mission to assassinate his nemesis Liquid Snake , who now inhabits the body of his former henchman Revolver Ocelot under the guise of Liquid Ocelot , before he takes control of the Sons of the Patriots , an A.I. system that controls the activities of PMCs worldwide .   Guns of the Patriots received universal acclaim , garnering perfect reviews and Game of the Year awards from several major gaming publications , including GameSpot , which claimed that the game was `` technically flawless '' . Often considered to be one of the seventh generation of console gaming 's most significant titles , its release caused a boost in sales of the PlayStation 3 , where it sold over six million copies worldwide .

neg: Mortal Kombat X Mortal Kombat X is a fighting video game developed by NetherRealm Studios and published by Warner Bros. . Interactive Entertainment . Running on the Unreal Engine 3 , it is the tenth main installment in the Mortal Kombat video game series and a sequel to the 2011 Mortal Kombat . It was released on April 14 , 2015 for Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 4 , and Xbox One . NetherRealm studio 's mobile team developed a version for iOS and Android devices . A version for Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 was in development but was eventually cancelled because NetherRealm could not get the seventh generation of consoles versions to the quality expected of a Mortal Kombat game . High Voltage Studios developed the PC version of the game , with Polish studio QLOC taking over the work on it shortly after the release of Kombat Pack 1 .   Like previous Mortal Kombat games , Mortal Kombat Xs gameplay consists of two players , or one player and the CPU , fighting against each other with their selected character , using a large , varied array of character specific attacks . The game contains several modes , such as a story mode , which takes place twenty years after the previous Mortal Kombat game , several ` Tower ' modes , which feature dynamically changing challenges , numerous online modes , and the ` Krypt ' , a mode played in a first-person perspective where players explore the areas unlocking a variety of in-game items .   The console versions of Mortal Kombat X received mostly positive reviews from critics upon release . Most praise was directed at the game 's controls , overall gameplay , graphics , story , and characters , with some reviewers calling it the best game in the Mortal Kombat series . However , the PC version of the game was met with mixed reception , with reviewers blaming numerous technical issues ( including frequent crashes and slow netcode ) for severely hindering the experience . Some critics also particularly disliked the tutorials , microtransactions , and downloadable content . Selling more than 5 million copies , the game was the fastest-selling game in the franchise and the ninth best-selling game in 2015 .   An upgraded version of Mortal Kombat X , titled Mortal Kombat XL , was released on March 1 , 2016 for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One . This upgrade to the game includes all downloadable content characters from the two released Kombat Packs , almost all bonus alternate costumes available at the time of release , improved gameplay , and improved netcode . This edition was also released for PC on October 4 , 2016 .

neg: Heroes of Might and Magic III Heroes of Might and Magic III : The Restoration of Erathia is a turn-based strategy game developed by Jon Van Caneghem through New World Computing originally released for Microsoft Windows by the 3DO Company in 1999 . Its ports to several computer and console systems followed in 1999-2000 . It is the third installment of the Heroes of Might and Magic series . The game 's story is first referenced throughout Might and Magic VI : The Mandate of Heaven and serves as a prequel to Might and Magic VII : For Blood and Honor . The player can choose to play through seven different campaigns telling the story , or play in a scenario against computer or human opponents .   The gameplay is very similar to its predecessors in that the player controls a number of heroes that command an army of creatures inspired by myth and legend . The gameplay is divided into two parts , tactical overland exploration and a turn based combat system . The player creates an army by spending resources at one of the eight town types in the game . The hero will progress in experience by engaging in combat with enemy heroes and monsters . The conditions for victory vary depending on the map , including conquest of all enemies and towns , collection of a certain amount of a resource , or finding the grail artifact .   Heroes III was released to universal acclaim and was praised by critics . The game received the expansion packs Heroes of Might and Magic III : Armageddon 's Blade and Heroes of Might and Magic III : The Shadow of Death . Heroes Chronicles , a series of short introductory games based on the Heroes III engine , was also released . A special version of Heroes III titled Heroes III Complete , which included the original game and both expansion packs , was released in 2000 . On December 10 , 2014 , Ubisoft announced an HD version of the game . The new version features updated graphics as well as wide screen compatibility and was released on January 29 , 2015 for Microsoft Windows , iOS and Android . However , the expansions have not been re-released because their source code is lost .

neg: Tomb Raider (2013 video game) Tomb Raider is an action-adventure video game developed by Crystal Dynamics and published by Square Enix . Tomb Raider is the tenth title in the Tomb Raider franchise , and operates as a reboot that emphasises the reconstructed origins of Lara Croft . Tomb Raider was released on 5 March 2013 for Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 , and on 23 January 2014 for OS X , and on 27 April 2016 for Linux .   Crystal Dynamics began development of Tomb Raider soon after the release of Tomb Raider : Underworld in 2008 . Rather than a sequel , the team decided to completely reboot the series , establishing the origins of Lara Croft for the second time , following Tomb Raider : Legend . Tomb Raider is set on Yamatai , an island from which Lara , who is untested and not yet the battle-hardened explorer she is in other titles in the series , must save her friends and escape while being hunted down by a malevolent cult . Gameplay elements focus more on survival , although exploration is used within the game when exploring the island and various optional tombs . It is also the first game in the series to have multiplayer and the first game to be published by Square Enix , after the latter 's acquisition of Eidos Interactive in 2009 . Camilla Luddington was announced to voice and perform as Lara Croft in 2010 , replacing Keeley Hawes .   After a delayed release from late 2012 to March 2013 , Tomb Raider received much anticipation and hype . Upon release , the game was well received , with critics praising the graphics , the gameplay , Luddington 's performance as Lara , and Lara 's characterization and development , although the addition of a multiplayer mode was not well received and some reviewers directed criticism towards the disconnection between the narrative and the player 's actions during gameplay . Tomb Raider sold one million copies within 48 hours of its release , and has sold more than 8.5 million copies as of April 2015 , making it the best-selling Tomb Raider title to date . An updated version , Tomb Raider : Definitive Edition , was released in North America on 28 January 2014 and in Europe on 31 January 2014 for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One containing all features and DLC . A sequel , Rise of the Tomb Raider , was released in November 2015 .

neg: Fahrenheit (2005 video game) Fahrenheit ( known as Indigo Prophecy in North America ) is a cinematic interactive drama action-adventure video game developed by Quantic Dream and published by Atari , Inc. for the PlayStation 2 and Xbox . The director 's cut and uncut versions were later released for Microsoft Windows . Fahrenheit has sold over 700,000 units worldwide since it was released in September 2005 and has won several awards . On 4 December 2007 , Atari released the game for Xbox 360 through Xbox Originals .   On 8 November 2011 , Quantic Dream released the game uncensored for PC through GOG.com . A remastered version of the game , entitled Fahrenheit : Indigo Prophecy Remastered , was developed and published by Aspyr in January 2015 for Microsoft Windows , OS X , Linux and iOS . A port for the PlayStation 4 , which was developed by International Software Development Group at Sony Interactive Entertainment , was released on 9 August 2016 via PlayStation Network .   In this paranormal thriller , New York City experiences a series of mysterious murders that follow the same pattern ; ordinary people become possessed and kill strangers in public . The main characters of the story must uncover the supernatural forces behind these crimes . Publicity was generated from the developer 's rejection of conventional game genre labeling ; preferring to brand it as the first `` interactive film '' rather than an adventure or third-person action title . The game features motion captured animation as well as branching story lines , split screen cameras and an interface designed to be intuitive and realistic . Event triggers in the game are also mainly time-based , as opposed to the more common player-initiated progression found in most games .

neg: ARMA: Armed Assault ARMA : Armed Assault ( stylized as AA ; known as ARMA : Combat Operations in North America ) , is a tactical military first - and third-person shooter , released in late 2006 .   ARMA is the spiritual successor to Operation Flashpoint : Cold War Crisis ( later renamed and re-released as ARMA : Cold War Assault by Bohemia Interactive ) and features an overhauled game engine , with improved graphics , physics , multiplayer functionality , scripting capabilities , and new units and vehicles . An expansion pack titled ARMA : Queen 's Gambit was released in 2007 .   Because of legal issues between BI and Codemasters ( the original publishers of Operation Flashpoint ) , Codemasters owns the intellectual property to the name Operation Flashpoint . Since BI severed its connection with Codemasters and no longer has the legal right to use the Operation Flashpoint name , Armed Assault is considered to be the direct descendant of Operation Flashpoint . ARMA 2 ( previously referred to as `` Game 2 '' ) was released in June 2009 . Codemasters has released a rival title to BI using the name Operation Flashpoint : Dragon Rising , in which BI has no participation .

neg: Apollo Justice: Ace Attorney Apollo Justice : Ace Attorney , known in Japan as , is a visual novel adventure video game developed by Capcom . It is the fourth title in the Ace Attorney series , and was originally released for the Nintendo DS handheld game console in Japan in 2007 and in the West in 2008 , and was released for iOS and Android in December 2016 .   The game takes place seven years after the previous game , Phoenix Wright : Ace Attorney − Trials and Tribulations . Phoenix Wright , the main character of previous titles in the series , has been stripped of his attorney 's badge , and Apollo Justice , an up-and-coming attorney , becomes his apprentice , working with Phoenix 's adopted daughter Trucy on four cases . The player 's goal is to get their clients declared not guilty ; to do this , they investigate the cases and cross-examine witnesses . When finding inconsistencies in witness testimonies , the player is able to present pieces of evidence that contradict the witnesses ' statements . They can also use the `` perceive '' system , in which they are able to see nervous motions or actions during witness testimonies , similar to a tell in poker .   The game was developed by a team of 28 staff members , including producer Minae Matsukawa , director Mitsuru Endo , and character designer Kazuya Nuri . Series creator Shu Takumi , who wrote the game 's scenario and took on a supervisory role for the production , had wanted the series to end with Trials and Tribulations , as he felt that Phoenix 's character had been explored fully ; when it was decided that the game would get made , he wanted it to have a new main character with a new story , and wanted Phoenix to not make an appearance . Despite this , it was decided that Phoenix would be the accused in the first case in the game . Apollo Justice sold around 250,000 copies during the first retail week and 515,417 by the end of 2007 , and has been mostly positively received by critics .

neg: List of Crystal Dynamics video games Crystal Dynamics is an American video game developer that was founded in 1992 by Judy Lang , Madaline Canepa and Dave Morris . Based in the San Francisco Bay Area , California , Crystal Dynamics was the first licensed developer for Panasonic 's original 3DO console , a gaming hardware platform founded by Kleiner Perkins . Their first release , Crash N Burn , was a launch game for the system and was included as a pack-in game with the console . The 3DO 's launch during the 1993 Christmas season was a commercial failure , severely damaging Crystal Dynamics ' software strategy . In 1994 , the company became a publisher for two new gaming platforms , the PlayStation and the Sega Saturn . The studio was acquired by Eidos Interactive , a British video game publisher , in 1998 . After Square Enix acquired Eidos in 2009 , Crystal Dynamics became a subsidiary of Square Enix .   Crystal Dynamics is best known for developing the Legacy of Kain and Gex series . Although the first Legacy of Kain video game was developed by Silicon Knights , Crystal Dynamics gained the rights to the franchise in 1998 and developed four sequels between 1999 and 2003 . In 2003 , the studio took over the development of the best-selling Tomb Raider franchise after its original developer , Core Design , failed to gain critical or commercial success with their later games . Crystal Dynamics ' first Tomb Raider game , Tomb Raider : Legend , became a commercial success with 4.5 million copies sold as of February 2009 . Its sequel , Tomb Raider : Underworld , sold 2.6 million copies and became the first game the studio developed for the PlayStation 3 . Since 2003 , the studio has focused development on the Tomb Raider franchise with the help of other studios such as Buzz Monkey Software and Nixxes Software . Crystal Dynamics has developed five games in the series , encompassing two reboots of the franchise .

neg: Ezio Ezio is an Italian masculine name , originating from the Latin name Aetius .   It may refer to :  Flavius Aetius ( c. 396 -- 454 ) , Roman general , after whom Metastasio 's libretto and all the operas below are named .  Ezio ( libretto ) , opera libretto by Metastasio . Notable setting are :  Ezio ( Handel ) , King 's Theatre , London 1732  Ezio ( Mysliveček ) ( 1775 ) , Naples  Ezio ( Mysliveček ) ( 1777 ) , Munich -- completely new music  Ezio ( Gluck ) , Prague 1750 , revised Vienna 1763  Ezio ( Traetta ) by Tommaso Traetta , Teatro delle Dame , Rome , 1757  Ezio ( Latilla ) , Naples 1758  Ezio ( band ) , a band from Cambridge , England  Ezio Gamba ( born 1958 ) , an Italian judoka  Ezio Mauro ( born 1948 ) , an Italian journalist  Ezio Auditore da Firenze , the protagonist of Ubisoft 's Assassin 's Creed II , Assassin 's Creed Brotherhood and Assassin 's Creed Revelations  Ezio ( security ) , a security solution range for online banking and shopping from Gemalto  EZ-IO , an intraosseous infusion drill by Vidacare  Ezio ( Flavius Aetius ) , character from Verdi 's Attila ( opera )

neg: Film series A film series ( also referred to as a film franchise ) is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe , or are marketed as a series .   Sometimes the work is conceived from the beginning as a multiple-film work , for example the Three Colours series , but in most cases the success of the original film inspires further films to be made . Individual sequels are relatively common , but are not always successful enough to spawn further installments .   The Marvel Cinematic Universe is the highest grossing film series in unadjusted US Dollar figures surpassing the Harry Potter , Star Wars , James Bond , and Peter Jackson 's The Lord of the Rings series . However , `` Star Wars '' has the highest when adjusted for inflation .


query: There are mercury reserves in Kolyma.

pos: Kolyma Kolyma ( Колыма́ , -LSB- kəlɨˈma -RSB- ) is a region located in the Russian Far East . It is bounded by the East Siberian Sea and the Arctic Ocean in the north and the Sea of Okhotsk to the south . The region gets its name from the Kolyma River and mountain range , parts of which were not discovered until 1926 . Today the region consists roughly of the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug and the Magadan Oblast .   The area , part of which is within the Arctic Circle , has a subarctic climate with very cold winters lasting up to six months of the year . Permafrost and tundra cover a large part of the region . Average winter temperatures range from − 19 ° C to − 38 ° C ( even lower in the interior ) , and average summer temperatures , from +3 ° C to +16 ° C . There are rich reserves of gold , silver , tin , tungsten , mercury , copper , antimony , coal , oil , and peat . Twenty-nine zones of possible oil and gas accumulation have been identified in the Sea of Okhotsk shelf . Total reserves are estimated at 3.5 billion tons of equivalent fuel , including 1.2 billion tons of oil and 1.5 billion m3 of gas .   The principal town Magadan has nearly 100,000 inhabitants and is the largest port in north-eastern Russia . It has a large fishing fleet and remains open year-round thanks to icebreakers . Magadan is served by the nearby Sokol Airport . There are many public and private farming enterprises . Gold mines , pasta and sausage factories , fishing companies , and a distillery form the city 's industrial base .

neg: Lednikovy-Sarmaka mine The Lednikovy-Sarmaka mine is a large open pit mine located in the eastern part of Russia in Siberia . Lednikovy-Sarmaka represents one of the largest tungsten reserves in Russia having estimated reserves of 11 million tonnes of ore grading 0.37 % tungsten .

neg: Victoria quadrangle The Victoria quadrangle is a region on Mercury from 0 to 90 ° longitude and 20 to 70 ° latitude . It is designated the `` H-2 '' quadrangle , and is also known as Aurora after a large albedo feature .   Most of the Victoria quadrangle lies within an area that appears bright on telescopic images of the planet , the bright-albedo feature Aurora , which approximately coincides with the east half of the quadrangle . As is common with most of the imaged portions of Mercury , the Victoria quadrangle is dominated by basins and large craters , with plains materials occupying the areas between them .

neg: Bagla Hills The Bagla Hills are located in eastern Sierra Leone within Gola Rainforest National Park , created in 2010 , near the border with Liberia . The site has been the subject of controversy between developers and conservationists , as it contains a large iron ore deposit . The Bagla Hills are one of the habitats of the endangered Jentink 's duiker .   The deposit was first discovered in the 1970s by the now defunct American company Bethlehem Steel . Their preliminary evaluation produced `` an ore reserve estimate of 384 million tons of primary ore ( magnetite ) at 18.1 % Fe -LSB- iron -RSB- and about  90 million tons of haematite ore at 34.3 % iron . ''   In 2005 , SL Minerals was awarded the exclusive prospecting license for iron ore in the Bagla Hills area . However , in May 2009 , Global Witness reported it had been told by the Director of Geological Surveys that SL Minerals had defaulted on a payment and gone into liquidation .   Around 2009 , President of Sierra Leone Ernest Bai Koroma went to London , seeking investors to help his nation recover from the Sierra Leone Civil War ( 1991-2002 ) . Steve Cosser , an Australian pay-TV tycoon , proved receptive and came up with plans to mine the ore , while at the same time developing social programmes to benefit the people living there . In 2010 , Cosser purportedly obtained a 72-year lease from the 23 families living on the land . Sable Mining Africa Limited claimed to have obtained a 50-year lease in a 7 April 2011 press release , but the government of Sierra Leone stated a week later that `` all Mineral Resources within the confines of Bagla Hills is ( sic ) not for prospecting , exploration or mining , as they fall within a reserved area '' and that it would begin an investigation of both Sable Mining and Cosser 's Red Rock Mining ( SL ) Limited regarding the alleged lease acquisitions . In 2012 , the government made `` a commitment to not allow any form of mining inside the National Park . '' In October 2016 , The Standard Press reported that the High Court had ruled that two leases awarded to Cosser dated 20 December 2010 and 2 February 2011 were forgeries and awarded 50 million Sierra Leonean leones in costs to the plaintiffs .   The Bagla Hills have a maximum height of 330 m.

neg: 2015 Gold King Mine waste water spill The 2015 Gold King Mine waste water spill was an environmental disaster that began at the Gold King Mine near Silverton , Colorado , when EPA personnel , along with workers for Environmental Restoration LLC ( a Missouri company under EPA contract to mitigate pollutants from the closed mine ) , caused the release of toxic waste water into the Animas River watershed . They caused the accident while attempting to drain ponded water near the entrance of the mine on August 5 . The maintenance by the EPA was necessary because local jurisdictions had previously refused Superfund money to fully remediate the regions ' derelict mines , due to a fear of lost tourism . After the spill , the Silverton Board of Trustees and the San Juan County Commission approved a joint resolution seeking Superfund money .   Contractors accidentally destroyed the plug holding water trapped inside the mine , which caused an overflow of the pond , spilling 3 MUSgal of mine waste water and tailings , including heavy metals such as cadmium and lead , and other toxic elements , such as arsenic , beryllium , zinc , iron and copper into Cement Creek , a tributary of the Animas River in Colorado . The EPA was criticized for not warning Colorado and New Mexico about the operation until the day after the waste water spilled , despite the fact the EPA employee `` in charge of Gold King Mine knew of blowout risk . ''   The EPA has taken responsibility for the incident , but refused to pay for any damages claims filed after the accident on grounds of sovereign immunity , pending special authorization from Congress or re-filing of lawsuits in federal court . Governor of Colorado John Hickenlooper declared the affected area a disaster zone . The spill affects waterways of municipalities in the states of Colorado , New Mexico , and Utah , as well as the Navajo Nation . As of August 11 , acidic water continued to spill at a rate of 500 -- while remediation efforts were underway .

neg: Mineral spring Mineral springs are naturally occurring springs that produce water containing minerals , or other dissolved substances , that alter its taste or give it a purported therapeutic value . Salts , sulfur compounds , and gases are among the substances that can be dissolved in the spring water during its passage underground .   Mineral water obtained from mineral springs has long been an important commercial proposition .   Mineral spas are resorts that have developed around mineral springs , where ( often wealthy ) patrons would repair to `` take the waters '' -- meaning that they would drink ( see hydrotherapy and water cure ) or bathe in ( see balneotherapy ) the mineral water .   Historical mineral springs were often outfitted with elaborate stone-works -- including artificial pools , retaining walls , colonnades and roofs -- sometimes in the form of fanciful `` Greek temples '' , gazebos or pagodas . Others were entirely enclosed within spring houses .

neg: Khabarovsk Krai Khabarovsk Krai ( -LSB- Хаба́ровский край , r = Khabarovsky kray , p = xɐˈbarəfskʲɪj kraj -RSB- ) is a federal subject of Russia ( a krai ) , located in the Russian Far East . It lies mostly in the basin of the lower Amur River , but also occupies a vast mountainous area along the coastline of the Sea of Okhotsk , an arm of the Pacific Ocean . The administrative center of the krai is the city of Khabarovsk . Population : 1,343,869 ( 2010 Census ) .   The indigenous people of the area are various Tungusic peoples ( Evenks , Negidals , Ulchs , Nanai , Oroch , Udege ) and Amur Nivkhs .

neg: Mineral industry of Armenia The mineral industry is one of the main sectors of the Armenian economy and as of 2011 accounted for over half of the country 's exports .   Armenia is a major producer of molybdenum . The Zangezur copper-molybdenum complex possesses large molybdenum reserves that are concentrated in the Kajaran deposit . Besides molybdenum , Armenia has significant deposits of copper and gold ; smaller deposits of lead , silver , and zinc ; and deposits of industrial minerals , including basalt , diatomite , granite , gypsum , limestone , and perlite .   In spite of the global economic crisis of 2008 , mining production and revenues grew significantly in 2009 due to a rise in global prices of copper , gold , and other base metals .

neg: Komsa culture The Komsa culture ( Komsakulturen ) was a Mesolithic culture of hunter-gatherers that existed from around 10,000 BC in Northern Norway .   The culture is named after the Komsa Mountain in the community of Alta , Finnmark , where the remains of the culture were first discovered . The term was first used by Norwegian archaeologist Anders Nummedal ( 1867-1944 ) after the discoveries he made on Komsa Mountain during 1925 . The distinction between a `` Komsa '' type of stone-tool culture north of the Arctic Circle and a `` Fosna '' type from Trøndelag to Oslo Fjord was rendered obsolete in the 1970s . Nowadays both phenomena are ascribed to different types of tools of the same culture .   Recent archeological finds from Finnish Lapland were originally thought to represent an inland aspect of the Komsa culture equally old as the earliest finds from the Norwegian coast . However , this material is now considered to be affiliated with the contemporary Post-Swiderian culture of North Central Russia and the eastern Baltic and thus represents a separate early incursion into northernmost Scandinavia   The commonly held view today is that the earliest settlement of the North Norwegian coast originated on the western and southwestern coast of Norway and ultimately in the final Palaeolithic Ahrensburg culture of northwestern Europe . The Komsa are thought to have followed the Norwegian coastline when receding glaciation at the end of the last ice age ( between 11,000 and 8000 BC ) opened up new areas for settlement . It was formerly believed that some elements may have moved into modern-day Finnmark from the northeast , possibly coming from ice-free coasts of the Kola Peninsula . However , recent research indicates that a number of the coastal sites in the Varangerfjord area previously attributed to the second phase of the `` Komsa '' continuum actually represent an early incursion from the southeast ( northwestern Russia ) and are related to the early Post-Swiderian influx discovered in northernmost Finnish Lapland .   Archaeological evidence indicates that the Komsa culture was almost exclusively sea-oriented , living mainly off seal hunting and being able boatbuilders and fishermen . In comparison to the southern Norway 's contemporary Fosna variety of this same culture , stone tools and other implements appear relatively crude . This has been explained with a paucity of flintstone in the region .

neg: Ports of Karnataka Karnataka 's coastline called Karavali stretches 300 km between Mangalore in Dakshina Kannada district and Karwar in Uttara Kannada district . The coastline of Karnataka has been along the eastern shore of Arabian Sea . Karnataka has one major and ten minor ports in this coastal belt . Kali , Belekeri , Gangavali , Aghanashini Sharavathi , Sharabi , Kollur , Gangolli , Sitanadi , Gurpur and Netravati are the important rivers in this belt which empty into the Arabian sea . Sea erosion , migration of river mouths , siltation of ports and harbours are some of the problems common to this belt .   Development of ports being a state subject , the Government of Karnataka set up the Department of Ports and Inland Water Transport in 1957 . The Department maintains one major and ten minor ports between Mangalore in the south and Karwar in the North . The only major port is the New Mangalore Port . The minor ports are located at Karwar , Old Mangalore , Belekeri , Tadadi , Honnavar , Bhatkal , Kundapur , Hangarakatta , Malpe and Padubidri ports . Of these , the one at Karwar is the only all-weather port while the rest are riverine fair-weather lighterage ports .   In the light of the economic reforms that the central government implemented in the early nineties , the Karnataka government also has been making serious efforts to improve its port infrastructure . In 1997 , a `` Port Policy '' was formulated with a view to develop all ports with private participation . The policy is built around the BOOST ( Build-Own-Operate-Share and Transfer ) concept and primarily seeks to improve cargo handling capacity .

neg: Aktogay, East Kazakhstan Region Aktogay ( Ақтоғай , Aqtoğay , اقتوعاي -LSB- ɑqtu̯ʊʁɑj -RSB- ) is a town in Ayagoz District , East Kazakhstan Region of Kazakhstan and major railway hub of Turkestan-Siberian Railway .   Aktogay is located in Balkhash-Alakol lowlands , close to Balkhash lake . The Ayagoz river 's mouth is located nearby Aktogay . The climate is continental . Summer is hot +40 ° , winter is cold -40 ° . The distance to district center Ayagoz is 100 km , to the region center Ust-Kamenogorsk is 420 km , to Astana , the capital of Kazakhstan is 1250 km .   The major copper deposit is discovered close to Aktogay town . This is the fourth reserves of copper in the world . Aktogay Mine and copper extraction plant was completed there and the copper cathodes production started in 2011 . The capital cost account $ 1.5-2 billion and the production capacity is 100.000 tones per annum .  The city is about 30 km from Lake Balkhash .

neg: Kymi (river) The Kymi ( Kymijoki , Kymmene älv ) is a river in Finland . It begins at Lake Päijänne , flows through the provinces of Päijänne Tavastia , Uusimaa and Kymenlaakso and discharges into the Gulf of Finland . The river passes the towns of Heinola and Kouvola . The town of Kotka is located on the river delta . The length of the river is 204 km , but its drainage basin of 37107 km2 extends to almost 600 km inside the Tavastia , Central Finland , Savonia and Ostrobothnia . The furthest source of the river is Lake Pielavesi , its furthest point being some 570 km from the sea measured by flow route . The name of the river , itself , kymi , means `` large river '' , in Old Finnish .   Being one of the largest rivers in Southern Finland , the Kymi is a major source of hydroelectricity . The towns of Kotka , Kuusankoski , Myllykoski and Inkeroinen along the river are major centres of the pulp and paper industry . Formerly the river was extensively used for timber rafting .   The Kymijoki river has five mouths . It divides into two main branches near the Kultaankoski rapids in Kotka , about 15 km inland of the Gulf of Finland . The eastern branch splits into the Korkeakoski and Koivukoski branches , the latter branch dividing again to form two mouths ( Langinkoski and Huumanhaara ) . The Korkeakoski branch has only one river mouth .   The western branch divides into Ahvenkoski and Klåsarö branches , each with one mouth .   The westernmost Ahvenkoski branch of the river served as a border between Sweden and Russia from 1743 to 1809 . The parts of Finland east of the river were later called Old Finland . Old Finland was incorporated in the Grand Duchy of Finland in 1812 .   The Kymi is very swift : it takes three days for its waters to run from lake Pyhäjärvi to sea . Its mean depth is 9 m , and the deepest place is 29 m.

neg: Mintek Mintek is an autonomous research and development ( R&D ) organisation specialising in all aspects of mineral processing , extractive metallurgy and related technology .   Mintek was originally established as a Minerals research laboratory by the government of South Africa in 1934 . It is still partly funded by the state with a mandate to `` promote mineral technology and to foster the establishment and expansion of industries in the field of minerals and products derived from them '' .   In collaboration with minerals and metal producers locally and internationally , Mintek develops and transfers new technology to industry for processing , extracting , refining and utilising minerals and mineral products .   Mintek offers R&D expertise , service test work , and technologies for the gold , platinum-group metals ( PGM ) , base metals , ferro-alloys , and industrial minerals sectors . Extensive laboratory and pilot-plant facilities are available for investigations in the following fields : Analysis ( characterisation of ores and other materials , analytical chemistry and mineralogical techniques ) , Minerals processing , Hydrometallurgy , and Pyrometallurgy .

neg: Mercury(I) bromide Mercury ( I ) bromide or mercurous bromide is the chemical compound composed of mercury and bromine with the formula Hg2Br2 . It changes color from white to yellow when heated and fluoresces a salmon color when exposed to ultraviolet light . It has applications in acousto-optical devices .   A very rare mineral form is called kuzminite , Hg2 ( Br , Cl ) 2 .

neg: Heritage of Mercury. Almadén and Idrija Heritage of Mercury . Almadén and Idrija is a joint UNESCO World Heritage site in Almadén , Castile-La Mancha , Spain , and Idrija , Slovenia .  The property encompasses two mercury mining sites .  In Almadén mercury has been extracted since Antiquity , while in Idrija it was first found in 1490 A.D.  The sites bear testimony to the intercontinental trade in mercury which generated important exchanges between Europe and America over the centuries . The two sites represent the two largest mercury mines in the world and were operational until recent times . Mercury played an important role in extracting gold and silver from ores , dug in American mines . In addition , both sites illustrate the various industrial , territorial , urban and social elements of a specific sociotechnical system in the mining and metal production industries .   At the heart of the Almadén site is a Mining Park , where the public can go underground .  There are also buildings relating to the town ´ s mining history , including Retamar Castle , the San Rafael Mining Hospital ( now an archive ) , and eighteenth-century dwellings which form a hexagonal bullring .   The site in Idrija notably features mercury stores and infrastructure , as well as miners ' living quarters , and a miners ' theatre .

neg: Mangazeisky mine The Mangazeisky mine is one of the largest silver mines in Russia and in the world . The mine is located in Siberia . The mine has estimated reserves of 31 million oz of silver .

neg: Silver Silver is the metallic element with the atomic number 47 . Its symbol is Ag , from the Latin argentum , derived from the Greek ὰργὀς ( literally `` shiny '' or `` white '' ) , and ultimately from a Proto-Indo-European language root reconstructed as * h2erǵ - , `` grey '' or `` shining '' . A soft , white , lustrous transition metal , it exhibits the highest electrical conductivity , thermal conductivity , and reflectivity of any metal . The metal is found in the Earth 's crust in the pure , free elemental form ( `` native silver '' ) , as an alloy with gold and other metals , and in minerals such as argentite and chlorargyrite . Most silver is produced as a byproduct of copper , gold , lead , and zinc refining .   Silver has long been valued as a precious metal . Silver metal is used in many bullion coins , sometimes alongside gold : while it is more abundant than gold , it is much less abundant as a native metal . Its purity is typically measured on a per-mille basis ; a 94 % - pure alloy is described as `` 0.940 fine '' . As one of the seven metals of antiquity , silver has had an enduring role in most human cultures .   Silver is used in numerous applications other than currency , such as solar panels , water filtration , jewellery , ornaments , high-value tableware and utensils ( hence the term silverware ) , and as an investment medium ( coins and bullion ) . Silver is used industrially in electrical contacts and conductors , in specialized mirrors , window coatings , and in catalysis of chemical reactions . Silver compounds are used in photographic film and X-rays . Dilute silver nitrate solutions and other silver compounds are used as disinfectants and microbiocides ( oligodynamic effect ) , added to bandages and wound-dressings , catheters , and other medical instruments .

neg: Mount Kholodilnik Kholodilnik Mountain ( гора́ Холоди́льник or со́пка Холодильник lit . `` Mt. Refrigerator '' ) , is a mountain in eastern Russia . It is located in Primorsky Krai , and is in the highest peak within the city of Vladivostok .   Mount Kholodilnik ( height 257.9 , was-Mount Myravyov-Amursky ) is the highest point in Vladivostok . Height is 297 meters . There are fortifications : Fort Count Muravyov - Amur Vladivostok fortress , five lettered fortress batteries and Soviet battery № 198 '' Kholodilnik '' . Currently , some fortifications are abandoned , others are on the territory of the military unit .   Tourists want to visit this place to see the Soviet naval battery sample number 198 1935 years and four 130 - mm gun B - 13-3s . There are still buildings and cellars of the former fort of Major-General Count Nikolai Muravyov - Amursky . Many fortifications have long been abandoned , but some of them are now used by the military unit , which is located almost at the top of the mountain .   On the eastern slope of the hill there are many places for a picnic .   There is a spring of pure water .   Geologically the hills to the south of Vladivostok are the Sikhote-Alin .   Slopes on the mountain are used for the open championship of the Far East for downhill and cross-country .   It is also used by mountain paragliders .   So the rules are elements of air , the result of magical work on the hill Fridge is always weather changing .   Therefore , if the weather in city changes completely unexpected , for example suddenly among of the blue sky clouds are formed and it begins to rain , most likely the reason for that is in the magical effect on a hill Fridge .   Or , conversely , when the whole sky is overcast over the city , citizens can see in the sky a large circle of clear sky over the hill forts Refrigerator - It is an evidence of that at this moment being magical work is .   Entrance to the mountain , oddly enough , is under water . Every 3 years products are imported there in the event of war , then they `` close '' the entrance to this place . They say that the food will last for a whole year to feed the city of Vladivostok .   Mount Refrigerator is protected with naval vessels .

neg: Precious metal A precious metal is a rare , naturally occurring metallic chemical element of high economic value .  Chemically , the precious metals tend to be less reactive than most elements ( see noble metal ) . They are usually ductile and have a high lustre . Historically , precious metals were important as currency but are now regarded mainly as investment and industrial commodities . Gold , silver , platinum , and palladium each have an ISO 4217 currency code .   The best known precious metals are the coinage metals , gold and silver . Although both have industrial uses , they are better known for their uses in art , jewelry , fine jewelry and coinage . Other precious metals include the platinum group metals : ruthenium , rhodium , palladium , osmium , iridium , and platinum , of which platinum is the most widely traded .  The demand for precious metals is driven not only by their practical use but also by their role as investments and a store of value . Historically , precious metals have commanded much higher prices than common industrial metals .

neg: Illegal logging in Madagascar Illegal logging has been a problem in Madagascar for decades and is perpetuated by extreme poverty and government corruption . Often taking the form of selective logging , the trade has been driven by high international demand for expensive , fine-grained lumber such as rosewood and ebony . Historically , logging and exporting in Madagascar have been regulated by the Malagasy government , although the logging of rare hardwoods was explicitly banned from protected areas in 2000 . Since then , government orders and memos have intermittently alternated between permitting and banning exports of precious woods . The most commonly cited reason for permitting exports is to salvage valuable wood from cyclone damage , although this reasoning has come under heavy scrutiny . This oscillating availability of Malagasy rosewood and other precious woods has created a market of rising and falling prices , allowing traders or `` timber barons '' to stockpile illegally sourced logs during periodic bans and then flood the market when the trade windows open and prices are high .   The unsustainable exploitation of these tropical hardwoods , particularly rosewood from the SAVA Region , has escalated significantly since the start of the 2009 Malagasy political crisis . Thousands of poorly paid Malagasy loggers have flooded into the national parks -- especially in the northeast -- building roads , setting up logging camps , and cutting down even the most difficult to reach rosewood trees . Illegal activities are openly flaunted , armed militia have descended upon local villages , and a rosewood mafia easily bribe government officials , buying export permits with ease . These illegal operations are funded in part by advance payments for future shipments ( financed by Chinese expatriates and Chinese importers ) and by loans from large , international banks . Demand is fueled mostly by a growing Chinese middle class and their desire for exotic imperial-style furniture . European and American demand for high-end musical instruments and furniture have also played a role . However , public scrutiny has put significant pressure on shipping companies involved in the trade , and the United States is starting to enforce the Lacey Act by investigating companies with suspected involvement in the illegal trade of Malagasy precious woods .   Logging in Madagascar 's tropical rainforests has had many secondary effects , beyond the risk of depletion of rare , endemic trees . Habitat has been disturbed , illegal mining has begun , local people have turned in desperation to the forests for resources , and poaching of endangered wildlife has escalated . Lemurs , the most well-known faunal group from the island , have been captured for the exotic pet trade as well as killed for food . Even the most critically endangered species have been targeted , primarily to feed a growing demand for delicacy food in up-scale restaurants . The local villagers have also suffered as tourism has declined sharply or ceased almost entirely . Some have resorted to working as loggers for minimal pay , while others have spoken out against it , often receiving death threats from the rosewood mafia in return .

neg: Amur Acquisition The Amur Annexation refers to the incorporation of the southeast corner of Siberia into Russia in 1858 -- 60 . The two areas involved are the Priamurye between the Amur River and the Stanovoy Range to the north and the Primorye which runs down the coast from the Amur mouth to the Korean border ; and does not include Sakhalin Island . The territory of Outer Manchuria was formerly under the control of the Qing dynasty .   In the modern-day geography of Russia , Priamurye ( `` the Amur Lands '' ) roughly corresponds to the Amur Oblast and the southern half of the Khabarovsk Krai , while Primorye ( `` the Maritime Lands '' ) corresponds to the Primorsky Krai ( and , possibly , adjacent sections of Khabarovsk Krai ) .


query: Your Highness stars an actor.

pos: Justin Theroux Justin Paul Theroux ( born August 10 , 1971 ) is an American actor and screenwriter . He is best known for his work with film director David Lynch . He appeared in Mulholland Drive ( 2001 ) and Inland Empire ( 2006 ) . He is also known as a screenwriter for films such as Tropic Thunder , Iron Man 2 , Rock of Ages , and Zoolander 2 . Since 2014 , he has starred in the HBO series The Leftovers and more recently starred in the 2016 film The Girl on the Train .

pos: Your Highness Your Highness is a 2011 American stoner comic fantasy film directed by David Gordon Green , and stars Danny McBride , James Franco , Natalie Portman , Zooey Deschanel and Justin Theroux . Written by McBride and Ben Best , the film was released on April 8 , 2011 .   The film received negative reviews from critics and was a box office bomb , grossing $ 28 million worldwide against a $ 50 million budget .

neg: Blake Ritson Blake Adam Ritson ( born 14 January 1978 ) is an English actor and director .

neg: John Michael King John Michael King ( May 13 , 1926 -- August 17 , 2008 ) was an American actor most often associated with his roles in musical theatre .

neg: Gethin Anthony Gethin David L. Anthony ( born 9 October 1983 ) is an English television and film actor best known for his role as Renly Baratheon in Game of Thrones .

neg: Robert Hardy Timothy Sydney Robert Hardy , CBE , FSA ( born 29 October 1925 ) is an English actor with a long career in the theatre , film and television .

neg: Chandler Canterbury Chandler Canterbury ( born December 15 , 1998 ) is an American actor .

neg: Sylvester Groth Sylvester Groth ( born 31 March 1958 ) is a German film actor and tenor .   He is best known to English language audiences for appearing in Quentin Tarantino 's 2009 film Inglourious Basterds , in which he portrayed Nazi Minister of Propaganda Joseph Goebbels . He also appears in the opening scene of the third season of Fargo .   His first major film role was in 1993 's Stalingrad . Groth portrayed Goebbels in the 2007 German film Mein Führer -- Die wirklich wahrste Wahrheit über Adolf Hitler , directed by Dani Levy .

neg: Jeremy Lindsay Taylor Jeremy Lindsay Taylor ( born Sydney , 19 September 1973 ) is an Australian actor .

neg: Rossif Sutherland Rossif Sutherland ( born September 25 , 1978 ) is a Canadian actor .

neg: Christopher Plummer Arthur Christopher Orme Plummer ( born December 13 , 1929 ) is a Canadian theatre , film and television actor . After making his film debut in Stage Struck ( 1958 ) , Plummer went on to a successful film career , now spanning more than five decades . Some of his most notable film performances include : The Sound of Music ( 1965 ) , Battle of Britain ( 1969 ) , Waterloo ( 1970 ) , The Return of the Pink Panther ( 1975 ) , Murder by Decree ( 1979 ) , Dragnet ( 1987 ) , Star Trek VI : The Undiscovered Country ( 1991 ) , A Beautiful Mind ( 2001 ) , Nicholas Nickleby ( 2002 ) , National Treasure ( 2004 ) , The New World ( 2005 ) , Inside Man ( 2006 ) , Up ( 2009 ) , The Imaginarium of Doctor Parnassus ( 2009 ) , and The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo ( 2011 ) .   In a career which includes substantial roles in each of the dramatic arts , Plummer is best known to film audiences as the aristocratic widower , Captain Georg von Trapp , in the musical film The Sound of Music ( 1965 ) , alongside Julie Andrews . Plummer has ventured into various television projects , including the miniseries The Thorn Birds ( 1983 ) . Plummer has notably portrayed several historical figures , including Arthur Wellesley , First Duke of Wellington in Waterloo ( 1970 ) , Rudyard Kipling in The Man Who Would Be King ( 1975 ) , Mike Wallace in The Insider ( 1999 ) , and Leo Tolstoy in The Last Station ( 2009 ) .   Plummer has won numerous awards and accolades for his work , including an Academy Award , two Emmy Awards , two Tony Awards , a Golden Globe Award , a SAG Award , and a BAFTA Award . With his win at age 82 in 2012 for Beginners , Plummer is the oldest actor ever to win an Academy Award .

neg: Sacha Dhawan Sacha Dhawan ( born May 1 , 1984 ) is a British actor of Indian descent . He has performed on stage , film , television and radio .

neg: Jesse Borrego Jesse Borrego ( born August 1 , 1962 in San Antonio ) is an American actor .  He is best known for his roles as Cruz Candelaria in Blood In Blood Out , Jesse V. Valesquez in Fame , Gael Ortega in 24 , and as George King in Dexter .

neg: Ozman Sirgood Osman Soykut ( born January 1 , 1957 ) , better known by his stage name Ozman Sirgood , is an American actor of Turkish and East European heritage .

neg: Andy Ansah Andrew Owusu `` Andy '' Ansah ( born 19 March 1969 ) is an English actor and former professional footballer .

neg: James Wilby James Jonathon Wilby ( born 20 February 1958 ) is an English film , television and theatre actor .

neg: Anthony Mackie Anthony Dwane Mackie ( born September 23 , 1978 ) is an American actor . He has been featured in feature films , television series , and Broadway and Off-Broadway plays , including Ma Rainey 's Black Bottom , Drowning Crow , McReele , A Soldier 's Play , and Carl Hancock Rux 's Talk , for which he won an Obie Award in 2002 .   In 2002 , he was featured in Eminem 's debut film , 8 Mile . He was nominated for Independent Spirit Award for Best Actor for his role in Brother to Brother . His second nomination was for Best Supporting Actor at the 2009 Independent Spirit Awards for his role in The Hurt Locker . In 2014 , he joined the Marvel Cinematic Universe as Sam Wilson / Falcon , making his first appearance in Captain America : The Winter Soldier , and reprising the role in Avengers : Age of Ultron , Ant-Man , and Captain America : Civil War .   In May 2016 , he co-starred in the HBO TV film All the Way as Martin Luther King Jr. , opposite Bryan Cranston , who was reprising his Tony Award-winning performance as President Lyndon B. Johnson in the play of the same name .

neg: Thomas Ho (actor) Thomas Ho Siu-hung , born 19 August 1973 , Kowloon , Hong Kong , is a British actor , of Chinese descent .

neg: Holmes Herbert Holmes Herbert ( born Horace Edward Jenner ; 30 July 1882 -- 26 December 1956 ) was an English character actor who appeared in Hollywood films from 1915 to 1952 .

neg: Muhannad Al Jumaili Muhannad Al Jumaili ( Arabic : مهند الجميلي ; born 19 March 1986 ) , Saudi Arabian actor .

neg: Ben Chaplin Ben Chaplin ( born Benedict John Greenwood ; 31 July 1969 ) is an English actor .

neg: Devon Terrell Devon Terrell Currie ( born 23 October 1992 ) , known as Devon Terrell , is an American-Australian actor best known for portraying a young Barack Obama in the 2016 biographical film Barry .


query: Lindsay Lohan began her career as an adult fashion model.

pos: Lindsay Lohan Lindsay Dee Lohan ( born July 2 , 1986 ) is an American actress and singer . Lohan began her career as a child fashion model when she was three , and was later featured on the soap opera Another World for a year when she was 10 . At age 11 , Lohan made her motion picture debut in Disney 's commercially and critically successful 1998 remake of The Parent Trap . Her next major motion picture , Disney 's 2003 remake of Freaky Friday , was also a critical and commercial success . With the release of Mean Girls ( 2004 ) , another critical and commercial success , and Disney 's Herbie : Fully Loaded ( 2005 ) , another commercial success , Lohan became a teen idol sensation , a household name and a frequent focus of paparazzi and tabloids . However , Lohan 's next starring role in the romantic comedy Just My Luck ( 2006 ) , received poor reviews and was only a modest commercial success . Following Just My Luck , Lohan focused on smaller , more mature roles in independent movies , receiving positive comments on her work , including A Prairie Home Companion ( 2006 ) , Bobby ( 2006 ) and Chapter 27 ( 2007 ) .   After recording several songs for her movie soundtracks , Lohan signed with Casablanca Records . Lohan 's debut studio album , titled Speak , was released in December 2004 and became the first high-seller from Casablanca in several years , selling 1 million copies in the United States alone and peaking at number four on the Billboard 200 . Though the album received mostly lukewarm reviews , it was certified platinum and sold over 4 million copies worldwide . Lohan 's second album , titled A Little More Personal ( Raw ) , was released in December 2005 and featured darker material than her debut had . That album received mixed reviews , and it was certified gold .   In 2007 , two driving under the influence incidents led to Lohan being put on probation , and together with three visits to rehabilitation facilities caused the loss of several movie deals . In 2008 and 2009 , Lohan worked as a fashion model and launched the clothing line 6126 . She resumed her acting career with TV work in 2008 , and starred in the TV film Labor Pains ( 2009 ) . She appeared in Robert Rodriguez 's feature film Machete ( 2010 ) . Between 2010 and 2013 , Lohan went into rehabilitation three times , and spent much of her time entangled in legal problems stemming from misdemeanors and probation violations . In 2012 and 2013 , she did further television work , including starring as Elizabeth Taylor in the biographical TV film Liz & Dick ( 2012 ) . In 2013 , she starred in Paul Schrader 's independent film The Canyons . In 2014 , the docu-series Lindsay aired on the Oprah Winfrey Network , and Lohan made her stage debut in the London West End production of Speed-the-Plow .

neg: Kiss (Irish magazine) Kiss ( stylised as KISS ) was an Irish magazine aimed at a teenage market containing knowledge about adolescent matters such as fashion advice , confessions , features on teenage cultural icons , relationship advice and problem pages with solutions especially designed for teenage readers . It is part of the VIP publishing franchise of Michael O'Doherty . Kiss was launched on 31 October 2002 as the first of O'Doherty 's solo business ventures . He had previously engaged in a number of co-ordinated business ventures in Ireland with his former business partner John Ryan ; Kiss succeeded the co-owned establishments of Magill in 1997 and VIP in 1999 and preceded later titles such as the glossy monthly targeted at women in the age group of eighteen to thirty-four Stellar and the failed New York Dog venture in New York City . Kiss is published at 2-4 Ely Place in Dublin 2 . Kiss '' 's rivals are the United Kingdom 's Bliss and Sugar .   Upon its launch Kiss was lauded in the Irish media for its attempts to contribute to a more liberal and sexualised Ireland , one where the influence of the Roman Catholic Church had declined dramatically in the preceding decade . Only three decades previously , such teenage-oriented magazines were much more reserved in their content and approach and even the titles , i.e. Jackie and Blue Jeans , were not as outspoken as the word `` kiss '' in capitalised letters . Kiss was launched by O'Doherty 's publishing company as a response to the increasing popularity of similar , albeit British-based , publications such as Bliss and Sugar . It launched on 31 October 2002 , at the original ( much-deflated by current standards ) price of $ 2.50 and aimed at female readers between the ages of fourteen and seventeen . The first issue featured heavily its mantra of dealing with teenage problems , including articles on school bullying and the difficulties of blushing , written in a `` chatty and informative '' manner so as not to `` patronise '' the target audience . However O'Doherty is adamant that his magazine will not encourage young children to `` sleep with their boyfriends by providing How-To-Pleasure-Your-Fella features '' . To supplement its tone Kiss employs experts on what teenagers consider fashionable , with its so-called `` agony aunt '' being Sarah Scully , a child psychologist in Saint James 's Hospital , Dublin . Upon its launch the magazine was edited by Susan Vasquez , now editor of O'Doherty 's Stellar '' . The magazine is currently edited by Nathalie Màrquez Courtney .   Kiss published its last issue in September 2014 .

neg: Tana Louise Tana Louise was a burlesque striptease artist , nicknamed the `` Cincinnati Sinner '' , in the 1950s . However , she was more famous as a fetish model . She contributed regularly to the fetish magazine Exotique , as both a columnist and model , she and even married the owner of the magazine , Leonard Burtman . Among the photographers that she worked with was Irving Klaw .   In 1950 , she was accused of hitting fellow stripper , Emerald Forrest , over the head with a club . When asked of the charges , Louise responded : `` T'ain ' t so '' .   By the late 1950s , her marriage to Burtman had begun to deteriorate , and they divorced . Soon after , she left the magazine and disappeared from the public eye . She was one of the most famous fetish models of her day , but , as time went on , she was overshadowed by her peer , Bettie Page .   Louise was sued by Tina Louise for allegedly `` swiping her name and capitalizing on her fame '' .   In the 1960s , Tana Louise and burlesque striptease artist Mara Gaye started an exotic bizarre costumes mail order catalog company called `` Tana and Mara '' .

neg: Lindsay Adler Lindsay Adler ( 17 September 1985 ) is an American portrait and fashion photographer based out of Manhattan , New York . Her editorials have appeared in Bullett Magazine , Zink Magazine and Fault . She has contributed to photo publications Professional Photographer , Rangefinder Magazine , and Popular Photography .   In May 2010 Adler published her first book , A Linked Photographers ' Guide to Online Marketing and Social Media . Her second book , Fashion Flair for Portrait and Wedding Photography , was named one of Amazon.com 's Best Books of 2011 in Arts & Photography .   Adler also speaks and teaches within the photographic community . She was scheduled to speak in 33 cities in 2015 , on her educational tour , Body Beautiful . She has been a contributor on CreativeLIVE and Kelby Training . She is also the co-host of The Framed Network 's series `` The Concept '' ( a series of shows on YouTube ) with fine art photographer Brooke Shaden .

neg: Derrick Davenport Derrick Davenport '' ' ( born January 14 , 1978 ) is an American porn male model , best known for being Playgirl '' 's 2006 Man of the Year .

neg: Chloe (actress) Chloe ( born November 14 , 1971 ) is the stage name of an American pornographic actress , nude model and director .

neg: Behati Prinsloo Behati Prinsloo ( -LSB- biˈɑːti_ˈprɪnsluː -RSB- ; -LSB- ˈbɛɦati ˈprənslʊə -RSB- ; born 16 May 1989 ) is a Namibian model . In 2008 , she became the first Victoria 's Secret PINK contract model , and moved on to become a Victoria 's Secret Angel in 2009 . She has walked in nine consecutive Victoria 's Secret Fashion Shows ( 2007 , 2008 , 2009 , 2010 , 2011 , 2012 , 2013 , 2014 , and 2015 ) . She has opened two Victoria 's Secret Fashion Shows in a row ( 2014 and 2015 ) . The video of Behati finding out she is opening her second Victoria 's Secret Fashion Show in a row has over one million views on YouTube .

neg: Dina Lohan Donata Melina Nicolette `` Dina '' Lohan ( -LSB- ˈloʊ.ən -RSB- ) Sullivan ( born September 15 , 1962 ) is an American television personality who rose to fame as the mother and manager of actress Lindsay Lohan . She also is mother of Michael Jr. , Aliana and Dakota Lohan

neg: Seventeen (Japanese magazine) is a monthly Japanese fashion magazine for female teenagers published by Shueisha .   Launched in 1967 as a weekly magazine based on the original American Seventeen , the magazine changed the name to SEVENTEEN in 1987 , and to Seventeen in 2008 .   Since the late 1990s , Seventeen has been the highest-selling teenage fashion magazine in Japan , and has featured its exclusive teenage models as ST-Mo ( STモ - Seventeen Model ) . Seventeen is very sought after among models ( teenage models ) because being featured on the magazine especially on its cover and certain pages , strongly helps them to get high-quality endorsements and prestigious contracts . Well-known former Seventeen models include Keiko Kitagawa , Nana Eikura , Rie Miyazawa , Anna Tsuchiya , Hinano Yoshikawa , and Emi Suzuki .

neg: Sex columnist A sex columnist is a writer of a newspaper or magazine column about sex . Sex advice columns may take the form of essays or , more frequently , answers to questions posed by readers . Sex advice columns can usually be found in alt weekly newspapers , women 's magazines , health or fitness magazines , and student newspapers . While some are written by trained sexologists , many are penned by people lacking credentials in human sexuality and relationships , yet willing to divulge their opinions or personal bedroom antics .   The television series Sex and the City protagonist Carrie Bradshaw was a sex columnist , which author Candace Bushnell modeled after herself in her original non-fiction book based on a column of the same name . The show , which first aired in 1998 , is credited with the increase of sex columnists found in college campus newspapers and blogs , such as at Ivy League colleges and many other schools . One such columnist , Meghan Bainum , at the University of Kansas , Lawrence , placed in the 42nd annual William Randolph Hearst Foundation Journalism Awards Program ( 2001 -- 2002 ) for her column .   Anka Radakovich was the first of a new breed of sex columnists for whom `` every detail of the writer 's psyche is splayed across the page ... confessional journalism at its most intimate '' . Radakovich had written for the old Details magazine when it was a chronicle of downtown fashion and night life . After James Truman became editor-in-chief and transformed Details into a men 's magazine , he offered Radakovich a column in September 1990 . She became the first modern-day magazine sex columnist working for a mainstream men 's publication .

neg: Ugly Models Ugly Models is a London-based alternative modelling agency that specialises in character modelling . Its owner Marc French says it is about `` celebrating everyone 's unique beauty '' . Its major clients include Calvin Klein , Levi 's , Diesel , Vogue , Elle , and Cosmopolitan . Its models have appeared in film series such as Harry Potter , Pirates of the Caribbean and James Bond . Ugly Models are in official partnership with Guinness World Records and represents the world 's tallest man , the world 's most pierced woman and the world 's most tattooed man .

neg: Allanah Starr Allanah Starr is an American male-to-female transsexual former pornographic actress .   She grew up in Miami , Florida but later relocated to New York City around 1999 .   She has described herself as having `` always felt extremely effeminate '' but did not start dressing as a female until after high school , when she attended art school .   Her films include Allanah Starr 's Big Boob Adventures , directed by transsexual Gia Darling , which included a pornographic first - a filmed sex scene between a male-to-female transsexual and a female-to-male transsexual ( Buck Angel ) .

neg: Daniela Urzi Daniela Urzi ( -LSB- daˈnjela ˈursi -RSB- ; born October 28 , 1975 , San Fernando , Buenos Aires ) is a fashion model from Argentina . She has appeared in fashion campaigns for Armani Jeans , the Giorgio Armani collection , Roberto Cavalli , Burberry , and John Richmond , and has done catalog work for Victoria 's Secret . Her magazine covers include international editions of Vogue and ELLE .   Directly from Latin America , a new young man has managed to carve out a prestigious niche in the world of fashion . Daniela Urzi is not only just a girl of study or a body 86-59-86 ( chest , waist , hip ) walking on the catwalk , is a name that is printed on paper and has managed to achieve that throne , within Argentine models only he had Valeria Mazza . But unlike the latter , Daniela flees the look of blond with blue eyes and points to the rage of the moment wearing a brown hair that enhances his blue eyes . This gives it a personal touch that has been captured on the covers of various publications such as Marie Claire ( France ) , Elle ( Spain and Argentina ) , Cosmopolitan ( Argentina ) and Harper 's Bazaar . It has also been the face of brands like Victoria ' s Secret Cortefiel , Silhouette , Mango , Giorgio Armani , Candy , Margaret Astor , La Perla , Burberry , Chanel N ° 5 , Revlon and Triumph . -

neg: Andrea Lowell Andrea Lowell ( born 1983 ) is an American actress and model most recognizable from her Playboy magazine nude pictorials and on air work for a variety of Playboy TV programs .

neg: Sinéad Noonan Sinéad Noonan ( born 28 November 1987 ) is an Irish former model and actress who won Miss Ireland 2008 .   Noonan was born in Dublin to Peter and Stephanie Noonan , and grew up in Dunboyne , Meath . She attended St. Peter 's College where she excelled in drama , and now holds a First class degree in Speech and Drama , as well as a certificate in Advance Acting , and speaks English , Irish and French fluently .   In 2008 , Noonan represented Meath at Miss Ireland in Dublin where judges included music manager Louis Walsh , actor Matt Di Angelo , and former Miss Ireland Pamela Flood , and emerged winner . Her victory enabled her to represent her country at Miss World where she made the top ten in the talent competition .   Noonan , who appeared in several plays and short films , cited Halle Berry as her role model , and originally planned to open a Drama school and become an actress , but later launched a modelling career . Represented by Compton Model Agency and Assets , Noonan became the face of Lipsey 's Autumn/Winter 2008 collection and Gillian Hughes hats . In 2009 , Noonan told the Sunday Mirror that she would welcome any offers to pose nude , provided it was tastefully done .   Noonan has since retired from modelling , and currently resides in Dubai where she works as an air hostess for Emirates .

neg: Manish Malhotra Manish Malhotra is an Indian fashion designer . Manish Malhotra 's prolific career spanning 27 years has seen him redefine fashion for an entire generation of Indians . From his work with Hindi cinema 's influential leading-ladies to launching his eponymous label in 2005 , Manish Malhotra tells design stories in a language profuse with elegance , ultra-femininity and unapologetic glamour . 2016 was a milestone year for Manish Malhotra as it marked 26 years of his association with Hindi cinema as a designer and stylist and 11 years since the creation of the eponymous label .   In 2013 , Manish Malhotra was the first designer to have opened the largest , Indian single-brand couture store sprawled over 9,000 sq.ft in Delhi . The following year , the label marked a turnover of over INR 1 Billion making it one of the first Indian luxury fashion houses to achieve this milestone .

neg: Kokoro Amano , is an AV Idol and glamour model who starred in adult videos between 2001 and 2004 . She worked mainly for Soft On Demand and Moodyz .

neg: Jackie (magazine) Jackie was a weekly British magazine for girls . The magazine was published by D. C. Thomson & Co. Ltd of Dundee from 11 January 1964 until its closure on 3 July 1993 -- a total of 1534 issues .   The name was chosen from a list of girls ' names , although it was nearly dropped due to the association with Jackie Kennedy following her husband 's assassination in 1963 . An urban legend exists that it was named after Jacqueline Wilson who worked there at the time , before she became a notable children 's author . Although the author has attempted to perpetuate this claim , this has been denied by those who were involved in the launch .   Ex-RAF Engine Fitter Gordon Small was the first editor . TV critic Nina Myskow was a former editor .   Jackie was the best-selling teen magazine in Britain for ten years , with sales rising from an initial 350,000 to 605,947 in 1976 . The best ever selling issue was the 1972 special edition to coincide with the UK tour of American singer David Cassidy . During the 1970s , `` Jackie '' published a mix of fashion and beauty tips , gossip , short stories and comic strips . The latter were usually illustrated with line drawings or posed photographs , especially if the story involved a `` reader 's true life experience '' . Both the comics and the short stories invariably dealt with either romance or family issues . The centre pages of the magazine usually contained a pull-out poster of a popular band or film star .   Jackie became very popular with young teenage girls , not least because of the `` Cathy and Claire '' problem page , which received 400 reader letters a week and dealt with controversial issues that were nonetheless relevant to the readership . However , the subjects covered in the column were not reflective of the majority of readers ' letters , which focused on sex-related issues -- DC Thomson as a result kept the editorial brief , but created a series of help leaflets which they sent to letter writers . In 1974 the NHS made the contraceptive pill free on prescription , and so under editor Myskow the magazine introduced a `` Dear Doctor '' column , which covered what were termed as `` below the waist issues '' .   Sales declined after the 1970s , and by 1993 circulation had dropped to 50,000 weekly . Deciding not to follow the more sexual and high-fashion orientation of newer teenage magazines , DC Thomson chose to shut the magazine down . It was one of several Thomson papers to close that year . More recently , the company has started issuing every year a historic Jackie annual . BBC Radio invited Jackie Clune to do an epitaph for Jackie and , in 2007 , the BBC produced an hour long programme devoted to the magazine 's 1970s heyday , called Jackie Magazine : A Girl 's Best Friend , with contributions from former readers , writers , staff and publishers .   The magazine also inspired a musical .

neg: Expecting Models Expecting Models is the first agency of its kind that specializes in providing professional pregnant models and actresses for the fashion and commercial world .   Founded in New York City in 2001 by Elliott-Ramirez , a former fashion model herself , Expecting Models represents real moms , their babies and real families . The agency gives models and actresses the opportunity to keep working , but in a different segment of the industry -- enabling talent to work from pregnancy thru post-delivery .   Expecting Models , Inc. is a licensed , bonded and SAG franchised agency and has quarters in New York City and Los Angeles . Their fashion clients include Motherswork , Gap , Target , Cadeau , Liz Lange , Nordstrom and Destination Maternity . Additionally , Expecting Models provides with models for print magazines like Fit Pregnancy , Pregnancy & New Born and 9 Plus Bebe Mama Magazine .   Expecting Models is also featured in the show `` Runway Moms '' , broadcast on the Discovery Health Channel . In the show , Liza Elliott-Ramirez becomes a maternity expert for her models .

neg: Top Model Top Model or Next Top Model is a fashion-themed reality television show format produced in many countries throughout the world and seen in over 120 countries producing over 200 seasons ( referred to as `` cycles '' ) . The show takes the form of a modeling competition whose winners typically receive a contract with a major modeling agency and a cover shoot and fashion photo spread in a fashion magazine . The format was created by Tyra Banks for the original series , America 's Next Top Model which was first aired in 2003 , produced by Ken Mok 's 10 by 10 Entertainment .

neg: Lucie Robinson Lucie Robinson ( born 1978 ) is a portrait , art and fashion photographer .   Robinson was born in Jablonec nad Nisou in the former Czechoslovakia into a family with roots in Austria and Imperial Russia . She studied joaillerie in her hometown and design at the Academy of Arts , Architecture and Design ( VSUP ) in Prague . In 1996 she launched a career as a commercial model , moving to Paris in 1998 .   She had received formal education covering artistic techniques , but concentrated on the medium of photography and by the early 2000s established herself as a portrait and fashion photographer . She photographed many celebrities and top models including a 2009 publicity campaign for Louis Vuitton featuring Paulina Porizkova , Miloš Forman and Helena Houdová . Her portraits and fashion editorials have been published by Elle , Harper 's Bazaar , Marie Claire , Vision ( China ) , Wig ( UK ) and further fashion and lifestyle magazines in Europe and in Asia . However , Robinson 's uncredited work appeared also in commercial advertisement campaigns for industrial clients like Cadbury , Orange Mobile , T-Mobile and Procter & Gamble .   Her work has won various prizes , including the 2006 Cannes Fashion Photography Festival and three consecutive wins ( 2007 -- 2009 ) of the Schwarzkopf Press Awards . In 2008 , a solo exhibition of her work on fashion and architecture was staged in the New York Museum of Arts and Design .