query: Gold has a distinctive color.

pos: Gold Gold is a chemical element with symbol Au ( from aurum ) and atomic number 79 . In its purest form , it is a bright , slightly reddish yellow , dense , soft , malleable , and ductile metal . Chemically , gold is a transition metal and a group 11 element . It is one of the least reactive chemical elements and is solid under standard conditions . Gold often occurs in free elemental ( native ) form , as nuggets or grains , in rocks , in veins , and in alluvial deposits . It occurs in a solid solution series with the native element silver ( as electrum ) and also naturally alloyed with copper and palladium . Less commonly , it occurs in minerals as gold compounds , often with tellurium ( gold tellurides ) .   Gold 's atomic number of 79 makes it one of the higher numbered , naturally occurring elements . It is thought to have been produced in supernova nucleosynthesis , from the collision of neutron stars , and to have been present in the dust from which the Solar System formed . Because the Earth was molten when it was formed , almost all of the gold present in the early Earth probably sank into the planetary core . Therefore , most of the gold that is present today in the Earth 's crust and mantle is thought to have been delivered to Earth later , by asteroid impacts during the Late Heavy Bombardment , about 4 billion years ago .   Gold is resistant to most acids , though it does dissolve in aqua regia , a mixture of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid , which forms a soluble tetrachloroaurate anion . Gold is insoluble in nitric acid , which dissolves silver and base metals , a property that has long been used to refine gold and to confirm the presence of gold in metallic objects , giving rise to the term acid test . Gold also dissolves in alkaline solutions of cyanide , which are used in mining and electroplating . Gold dissolves in mercury , forming amalgam alloys , but this is not a chemical reaction .   Historically , the value of gold was rooted in its relative rarity , easy handling and minting , easy smelting and fabrication , resistance to corrosion and other chemical reactions ( nobility ) and its distinctive color . As a precious metal , gold has been used for coinage , jewelry , and other arts throughout recorded history . In the past , a gold standard was often implemented as a monetary policy , but gold coins ceased to be minted as a circulating currency in the 1930s , and the world gold standard was abandoned for a fiat currency system after 1976 .   A total of 186,700 tonnes of gold is in existence above ground , as of 2015 . The world consumption of new gold produced is about 50 % in jewelry , 40 % in investments , and 10 % in industry . Gold 's high malleability , ductility , resistance to corrosion and most other chemical reactions , and conductivity of electricity have led to its continued use in corrosion resistant electrical connectors in all types of computerized devices ( its chief industrial use ) . Gold is also used in infrared shielding , colored-glass production , gold leafing , and tooth restoration . Certain gold salts are still used as anti-inflammatories in medicine . As of 2014 , the world 's largest gold producer by far was China with 450 tonnes .

neg: Swami silver Swami Silver is the name given to a distinctive style of silverware that originated in the South Indian city of Madras ( now known as Chennai ) during the British rule . This style is characterized by figures of Hindu Gods and Goddesses . Variety of objects emerged in Swami Silver design . These included trays , tea sets , tankards , jugs , goblets , ewers , trophies , visiting card cases . Swami in the local Tamil language means God or deity and the term Swami Silver obviously originated from the proliferation of images of Gods and deities on these silver objects .   Swami Silver was pioneered and popularized by an English company , P Orr and Sons . The Orr brothers , Peter and Alexander arrived in Madras from Scotland in 1843 . They made their initial fortune by selling ice , before joining the watchmaker George Gordon & Co. . When Gordon retired in 1849 , they took over the business and soon diversified into gold , diamonds and silverware . The jewelry business was suspended in 1944 at the height of World War -- II and never recovered . The company went back to its original watch business and is currently under a new management .   The high quality workmanship of P Orr and Sons reached the zenith of its fame and reputation in 1875 and when the Prince of Wales visited India in 1876 , they were commissioned to make special ceremonial gifts by various Maharajas . Maharajas of Indore and Baroda got Swami tea services made , while Maharaja of Cochin commissioned a complete ensemble of Swami dessert service . In 1876 , P Orr and Sons was designated as `` Manufacturing Jewellers , Gold and Silversmiths to His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales , By Special Appointment '' .   The silversmiths who worked in the atelier of P Orr and Sons were initially British , but soon Indian craftsmen were working side by side with them . Swami silver combined English form with Hindu motifs and is characterized by extraordinary attention to detail . The deities are depicted in exceptionally crisp high relief achieved by some brilliant repoussé . The deities displayed include Rama , Krishna , Shiva , Ganesha , Hanuman , Lakshmi etc. . Many of the Swami Silver pieces were monogrammed `` ORR & Sons , Madras . '' , `` P. Orr & Sons of Madras , '' or just `` ORR '' .   Competition began emerging for P Orr and Sons , mainly in Bangalore and Tiruchirapalli . The first was Krishnaiah Chetty & Sons in Bangalore . Though highly prized for its ornate design , Swami Silver had its share of critics in England for the excessive use of Hindu motifs . Omarsi Maoji of Kutch cashed in on this need for secular designs and their Swami Silver featured more of animals and birds and less of Gods .   Category : Indian art  Category : Metalworking  Category : British India

neg: Heart of Gold Heart of Gold may refer to :

neg: Henryk Gold Henryk Gold ( 19029 January 1977 in New York City , United States ) was a Polish Jewish composer , arranger , and orchestra director .   He was born in Warsaw to a musical family : his mother Helena was of the famous Warsaw klezmer Melodysta family , and his father Michael was a flautist in the Warsaw Opera Orchestra . He was the brother of Artur Gold . He studied in Warsaw , his teachers including Stanisław Barcewicz ( violin ) .   When silent movies in Poland lost popularity following the arrival of Al Jolson 's The Jazz Singer , ( known in Yiddish as The Singing Buffoon ) , thousands of Polish musicians who 'd played in the movie theaters lost their livelihood ; they began to create large and small orchestras playing dance music and jazz . Artur and Henryk Gold , the brothers Jerzy and Stanislaw Petersburski , Zygmunt Karasinski and Szymon Kataszek , Kazimierz Englard , Julian Halicki were the pioneers ; Henryk Gold was chief among them , giving concerts at the famous Ziemiańska Cafe on Kredytowa Street and the revue theater `` Morskie-Oko '' on Sienkiewicz Street . He ran the nightclub `` Adria '' with his brother on Moniuszki Street .   Gold wrote hundreds of tangos , polkas , foxtrots , and waltzes , interpolating Jewish motifs . His hits included Tęsknota ( Nostalgia , in Yiddish Benkshaft ) ; Jaśminy ( Jasmine ) ; Jak ja się dziś upiję ( When I Get Drunk Today , in Yiddish Az ` Khvel Mikh Haynt Onshikirn ) ; Moja pierswsza i ostatnia ( My First and Last , Yiddish Mayn Ershte Un Letste ) ; Szkoda twoich łez ( Too bad about your tears , Yiddish A Shod Dayne Trern ) , and others .   During the Second World War , he and fellow composer Jerzy Petersburski toured the Soviet Union with a large jazz orchestra . In 1942 he left the Soviet Union with the Polish Anders Army , went to Israel , where he wrote songs `` Arcenu ha-ktantonet '' , `` Ruakh '' , `` Shalom '' and lastly emigrated to New York City , United States .

neg: 1851 $50 Humbert The 1851 Humbert $ 50 gold ingot was an ingot produced by Moffat and Company , under the direction of Augustus Humbert ( U.S. Assayer of the treasury )  This `` coin '' while technically an ingot , was still used and unofficially considered currency . It was also the largest ingot produced during the California Gold Rush , weighing almost 2.5 oz . During the gold rush of 1849 , the US Treasury department hired private companies to mint coins before they could properly set up a mint . The U.S. Treasury was much more practical and would often mint coins near the location of the precious metals used in the coins , however , this did not always happen overnight . Augustus Humbert , who was originally a watchmaker from NY , took a lifestyle change and moved out to California during the gold rush in 1850 . The U.S. Treasury had commissioned him to be an assayer . One of the first necessities was a mint to produce the octagonal ingots . The original mint , to be built , was for Moffat and Company was called the Mount Ophir Mint . This was only a temporary mint before a real branch mint of the treasury could be built and commissioned into service . The ironic part is that despite Moffat and Company producing the $ 50 Dollar Ingots , they never had their mint mark , or name stamped on the gold . ( Until the $ 10 gold coin produced in 1852 ) These $ 50 Ingots are very rare and can range anywhere from 10 thousand dollars and up . Currently , the auction record stands at $ 460,000 in a 2008 auction by Bowers and Merena . This particular specimen is the highest known , professionally graded by NGC , at a grade of MS-65 . ( The only MS-65 known to exist ) NGC Chairman Mark Salzburg called it `` the most memorable coin I have graded all year '' .   Photo of 1851 Humbert $ 50 Ingot

neg: Red Gold (potato) Red Gold potato is an early variety of North American potato . It has a red skin with yellow flesh inside . It is resistant to potato leafroll virus and potato virus Y and moderately resistant to common scab , but is susceptible to potato virus a and potato virus s.   ` Red Gold ' was bred in Canada in the 1970s and registered in 1987 .   ` Red Gold ' has a mid season maturity , is medium sized with ovate primary and terminal leaflets . The flowers of this variety have golden yellow anthers and medium berry production . The ` Red Gold ' tubers are round to oval with medium eye depth and the sprouts are very pubescent with a pinkish-yellow apex .

neg: Krugerrand For the Ian McNabb album , see Krugerrands .   The Krugerrand ( -LSB- ˈkryχərˌrant -RSB- ; -LSB- langˈkruːɡərˌrænd -RSB- or -LSB- - ˌrɑːnd -RSB- ) is a South African gold coin , first minted in 1967 to help market South African gold and produced by the South African Mint . By 1980 the Krugerrand accounted for 90 % of the global gold coin market . The name itself is a compound of Kruger ( the former South-African president depicted on the obverse ) and rand , the South African unit of currency . During the 1970s and 1980s some Western countries forbade import of the Krugerrand because of its association with the apartheid government of South Africa .   Production levels of Krugerrands have significantly varied during the last 50 years . During 1967 -- 1969 , around 40,000 coins were minted each year . In 1970 , the number rose to over 200,000 coins . More than one million coins were produced in 1974 , and in 1978 a total of six million Krugerrands were produced .  Following the end of apartheid , the production dropped to 23,277 coins in 1998 and since then levels have increased again , albeit not reaching pre-international sanction levels .

neg: Goldring Goldring may refer to :   Goldring ( surname ) , a surname  USS Goldring ( SS-360 ) , a Balao-class submarine  The Gold Ring ; A group ( ring ) of conspirators who manipulated the U.S. gold market on September 24 , 1869 , aka Black Friday  Mount Goldring , Antarctica  Goldring or gold-ring , a former common name for the white crappie ( Pomoxis annularis )  Goldring ( audio company ) , an audio equipment manufacturing company  Goldring , a former name for lands near Rosemont in Helenton Loch , Symington , South Ayrshire , Scotland  Goldring Centre for High Performance Sport , at the University of Toronto in Ontario , Canada

neg: Gold Turkey Gold Turkey is an American album of sketch comedy that was first released as a vinyl record in 1975 . It was a spin-off from -LSB- -LSB- National Lampoon ( magazine ) | National Lampoon -RSB- -RSB- magazine . The album is a collection of `` greatest hits '' from the National Lampoon Radio Hour , a radio show that was broadcast on 600 radio stations and ran from November 17 , 1973 to December 28 , 1974 .   The sketches on Gold Turkey feature numerous National Lampoon actors including Christopher Guest , Bill Murray , John Belushi , Brian Doyle-Murray , Chevy Chase , Harold Ramis , Gilda Radner , Joe Flaherty and Ed Subitzky.Gold Turkey was also subsequently issued as a CD .  The title of the album `` Gold Turkey '' is a reference to the phrase `` cold turkey '' a phrase meaning to suffer sudden withdrawal from an addictive substance ; there is a John Lennon song Cold Turkey '' . `` Gold Turkey '' as shown in the cover photograph by Arky & Barrett is a visual pun on the golden statue awards for entertainment , such as the Oscars and the Emmy , and is simultaneously a verbal pun on the word `` turkey '' meaning a box office bomb or entertainment failure .

neg: Gold Cross Gold Cross or Golden Cross may refer to :

neg: Gold leaf (disambiguation) A gold leaf is a thin gold foil used for decoration .   Gold leaf or Goldleaf may also refer to :   Gold Leaf Award , a precursor of the Juno Awards  Gold-leaf electroscope , a historical scientific instrument  Goldleaf , California

neg: Gold Award Gold Award may refer to :   Several organizations issue awards with this name :   A level of the Duke of Edinburgh 's Award  Zee Gold Awards , honouring the best performers in Indian television industry  The Gold Award ( Girl Scouts of the USA )  The Gold Award of the Venturing program of the Boy Scouts of America

neg: Gold-plating (European Union law) Gold-plating is pejorative term to characterise the process where an EU directive is given additional powers when being transposed into the national laws of member states . In operational terms , the European Commission defines gold-plating `` an excess of norms , guidelines and procedures accumulated at national , regional and local levels , which interfere with the expected policy goals to be achieved by such regulation '' .   Business lobbyists generally argue against it because additional regulation tends to raise costs for businesses , but there are the few companies that stand to benefit from it .

neg: Crown gold Crown gold is a 22 karat ( kt ) gold alloy , crown coin , introduced in England in 1526 ( by Henry VIII ) to replace the earlier gold sovereign coins which were made from the softer 23 kt gold and which thereby had invited both deliberate filing and also non-intentional wear . The 22 kt standard has been used for British gold coins ever since this change which is 91.667 % gold ( or 22 parts out of 24 ) .

neg: Colored gold Pure gold is slightly reddish yellow in color , but colored gold in various other colors can be produced .   Colored golds can be classified to three groups :  Alloys with silver and copper in various proportions , producing white , yellow , green and red golds ; typically malleable alloys  Intermetallic compounds , producing blue and purple golds , as well as other colors . These are typically brittle but can be used as gems and inlays  Surface treatments such as oxide layers   Pure 100 % gold is 24 karat by definition , so all colored golds are less than this , with the common being 18K ( 75 % ) , 14K ( 58 % ) , and 9K ( 38 % ) .

neg: Gold bar A gold bar , also called gold bullion or a gold ingot , is a quantity of refined metallic gold of any shape that is made by a bar producer meeting standard conditions of manufacture , labeling , and record keeping . Larger gold bars that are produced by pouring the molten metal into molds are called ingots . Smaller bars may be manufactured by minting or stamping from appropriately rolled gold sheets . The standard gold bar held as gold reserves by central banks and traded among bullion dealers is the 400-troy-ounce ( 12.4 kg or 438.9 ounces ) Good Delivery gold bar . The kilobar , which is 1000 grams in mass ( 32.15 troy ounces ) , is the bar that is more manageable and is used extensively for trading and investment . The premium on these bars when traded is very low over the spot value of the gold making it ideal for small transfers between banks and traders . Most kilobars are flat , although some investors , particularly in Europe , prefer the brick shape .

neg: Silver Silver is the metallic element with the atomic number 47 . Its symbol is Ag , from the Latin argentum , derived from the Greek ὰργὀς ( literally `` shiny '' or `` white '' ) , and ultimately from a Proto-Indo-European language root reconstructed as * h2erǵ - , `` grey '' or `` shining '' . A soft , white , lustrous transition metal , it exhibits the highest electrical conductivity , thermal conductivity , and reflectivity of any metal . The metal is found in the Earth 's crust in the pure , free elemental form ( `` native silver '' ) , as an alloy with gold and other metals , and in minerals such as argentite and chlorargyrite . Most silver is produced as a byproduct of copper , gold , lead , and zinc refining .   Silver has long been valued as a precious metal . Silver metal is used in many bullion coins , sometimes alongside gold : while it is more abundant than gold , it is much less abundant as a native metal . Its purity is typically measured on a per-mille basis ; a 94 % - pure alloy is described as `` 0.940 fine '' . As one of the seven metals of antiquity , silver has had an enduring role in most human cultures .   Silver is used in numerous applications other than currency , such as solar panels , water filtration , jewellery , ornaments , high-value tableware and utensils ( hence the term silverware ) , and as an investment medium ( coins and bullion ) . Silver is used industrially in electrical contacts and conductors , in specialized mirrors , window coatings , and in catalysis of chemical reactions . Silver compounds are used in photographic film and X-rays . Dilute silver nitrate solutions and other silver compounds are used as disinfectants and microbiocides ( oligodynamic effect ) , added to bandages and wound-dressings , catheters , and other medical instruments .

neg: Gold Tea Gold Tea may refer to :   A long running hoax article called Gold Tea  Various Japanese varieties of green teas that have pieces of gold leaf ( real gold ) in them , a traditional artisan specialty of Kanazawa , Japan .  Gold Peak Tea , a brand of ready-to-drink iced tea by Coca-Cola .  Golden Monkey tea , a Chinese black tea .

neg: Lab color space The Lab color space describes mathematically all perceivable colors in the three dimensions L for lightness and a and b for the color opponents green -- red and blue -- yellow . The terminology `` Lab '' originates from the Hunter 1948 color space.Nowadays `` Lab '' is frequently mis-used as abbreviation for CIEL * a * b * 1976 color space color space ( also CIELAB ) ; the asterisks/stars distinguish the CIE version from Hunter 's original version . The difference from the Hunter Lab coordinates is that the CIELAB coordinates are created by a cube root transformation of the CIE XYZ color data , while the Hunter Lab coordinates are the result of a square root transformation . Other , less common examples of color spaces with Lab representations make use of the CIE 1994 color difference and the CIE 2000 color difference .   The Lab color space exceeds the gamuts of the RGB and CMYK color models ( for example , ProPhoto RGB includes about 90 % all perceivable colors ) . One of the most important attributes of the Lab model is device independence . This means that the colors are defined independent of their nature of creation or the device they are displayed on . The Lab color space is used when graphics for print have to be converted from RGB to CMYK , as the Lab gamut includes both the RGB and CMYK gamut . Also it is used as an interchange format between different devices as for its device independency . The space itself is a three-dimensional real number space , that contains an infinite number of possible representations of colors . However , in practice , the space is usually mapped onto a three-dimensional integer space for device-independent digital representation , and for these reasons , the L * , a * , and b * values are usually absolute , with a pre-defined range . The lightness , L * , represents the darkest black at L * = 0 , and the brightest white at L * = 100 . The color channels , a * and b * , will represent true neutral gray values at a * = 0 and b * = 0 . The red/green opponent colors are represented along the a * axis , with green at negative a * values and red at positive a * values . The yellow/blue opponent colors are represented along the b * axis , with blue at negative b * values and yellow at positive b * values . The scaling and limits of the a * and b * axes will depend on the specific implementation of Lab color , as described below , but they often run in the range of ± 100 or − 128 to +127 ( signed 8-bit integer ) .   Both the Hunter and the 1976 CIELAB color spaces were derived from the prior `` master '' space CIE 1931 XYZ color space , which can predict which spectral power distributions will be perceived as the same color ( see metamerism ) , but which is not particularly perceptually uniform . Strongly influenced by the Munsell color system , the intention of both `` Lab '' color spaces is to create a space that can be computed via simple formulas from the XYZ space but is more perceptually uniform than XYZ . Perceptually uniform means that a change of the same amount in a color value should produce a change of about the same visual importance . When storing colors in limited precision values , this can improve the reproduction of tones . Both Lab spaces are relative to the white point of the XYZ data they were converted from . Lab values do not define absolute colors unless the white point is also specified . Often , in practice , the white point is assumed to follow a standard and is not explicitly stated ( e.g. , for `` absolute colorimetric '' rendering intent , the International Color Consortium L * a * b * values are relative to CIE standard illuminant D50 , while they are relative to the unprinted substrate for other rendering intents ) .   The lightness correlate in CIELAB is calculated using the cube root of the relative luminance .

neg: Old gold (disambiguation) Old gold or Old Gold can mean :  Old gold , a color  In gold mining , gold of any size , found in an old streambed or parts thereof that have washed into the waterway , or gold found contained within hardpan would be considered `` old gold ''  Old Gold Mountain , the Chinese name for San Francisco

neg: Chrysus Chrysus ( Greek : Χρύσος ; aka Khrysos ) in Greek mythology is the spirit ( daimon ) of gold .


query: Lodging is done in a car.

pos: Lodging Lodging or a holiday accommodation is a type of residential accommodation . People who travel and stay away from house for more than a day need lodging for sleep , rest , food , safety , shelter from cold temperatures or rain , storage of luggage and access to common household functions .   Lodgings may be self-catering , in which case no food is provided , but cooking facilities are available .   Lodging is done in a hotel , motel , hostel or hostal , a private home ( commercial , i.e. a bed and breakfast , a guest house , a vacation rental , or non-commercially , with members of hospitality services or in the home of friends ) , in a tent , caravan/camper ( often on a campsite ) .

neg: Mahindra Scorpio Getaway The Mahindra Scorpio Getaway is slotted in the pick-up truck segment or the lifestyle SUV segment and Mahindra knows this segment is at nascent stage in India , it wants to be the leader in this niche segment . The Getaway is a new category creating offering from the Scorpio stable . The new lifestyle product is based on the Scorpio platform and sports a grand deck that can carry various equipment and gear as per your lifestyle needs . It exudes ruggedness and style and is an extension of the go-getting persona of young Indians who do not shy of flaunting their success & lifestyle . The new Scorpio Getaway packs the DNA of the Scorpio into a lifestyle SUV . This vehicle complements the lifestyle of a growing breed of young adventurous Indians who work hard and play hard .  They refuse to compromise on luxury and style , requiring a vehicle that can take them and their gear around in comfort as per their lifestyle needs . The Scorpio Getaway is available in 2WD and 4WD options and comes in 4 attractive colours . It pumps its power from its 2600cc common-rail diesel engine ( CRDe ) .   M&M has not compromised on the safety aspect of the vehicle as well . The globally certified safety features include crash protecting crumple zones , child lock , collapsible steering and side intrusion beams . Also , the tubeless tires , voice assist system and remote locking / unlocking of the vehicle are the additional safety features .   The Mahindra Scorpio Getaway is essentially the second vehicle launched by Mahindra on the Mahindra Scorpio platform . Available in a 4-door trim and both 4X4 and 4X2 wheel drive configurations , it falls in the life-style pick up truck class , a class that has not seen good response in markets like India . This vehicle with similar features is also available in markets like South Africa and Australia ( as Mahindra Pik-Up ) where it is also available in a 2-door version . Prices range upward of 6,99,000 Indian Rupees .   This vehicle faces competition in the form of Mahindra 's own comparatively lower model `` Mahindra Bolero Camper '' and the Tata TL .   In the Australian and New Zealand markets the Mahindra Scorpio Getaway has been launched as the Mahindra Pik-Up in 2014 . The oceanic version uses a 2.2 L -LSB- mHawk -RSB- diesel engine delivering 88 kW@4000rpm and 280 Nm@1800rpm .

neg: Porte-cochère A porte-cochère ( -LSB- ˌpɔːrt_koʊˈʃɛr -RSB- ) , coach gate or carriage porch is a porch - or portico-like structure at a main or secondary entrance to a building through which a horse and carriage ( or motor vehicle ) can pass in order for the occupants to alight under cover , protected from the weather .   In modern usage , portes-cochère are still used on some types of buildings such as major public buildings and hotels , where they provide pick-up and drop-off space , for example for dignitaries , taxis and buses .

neg: Car (disambiguation) A car is a wheeled motor vehicle used for transporting passengers .   Car , Cars , CAR or CARs may also refer to :

neg: Hydrogen fuel enhancement Hydrogen fuel enhancement is the process of using a mixture of hydrogen and conventional hydrocarbon fuel in an internal combustion engine , typically in a car or truck , in an attempt to improve fuel economy , power output , emissions , or a combination thereof . Methods include hydrogen produced through an electrolysis , storing hydrogen on the vehicle as a second fuel , or reforming conventional fuel into hydrogen with a catalyst .   There has been a great deal of research into fuel mixtures , such as gasoline and nitrous oxide injection . Mixtures of hydrogen and hydrocarbons are no exception . These sources say that contamination from exhaust gases has been reduced in all cases , and they suggest that a small efficiency increase is sometimes possible .   Many of these sources also suggest that modifications to the engine 's air-fuel ratio , ignition timing , emissions control systems , electronic control systems and possibly other design elements , might be required in order to obtain any significant results . A modified vehicle in this way may not pass mandatory anti-smog controls . Due to the inherent complexity of these subsystems , a necessity of modern engine design and emissions standards , such claims made by proponents of hydrogen fuel enhancement are difficult to substantiate and always disputed .   To date , hydrogen fuel enhancement products have not been specifically addressed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency , as no research devices or commercial products have reports available as per the `` Motor Vehicle Aftermarket Retrofit Device Evaluation Program . '' They do , however , point out that installation of such devices often involves illegally tampering with an automobile 's emissions control system , which could result in significant fines .  Environment Canada does have a research paper on the subject . In tests done in their laboratory in 2004 they found no improvement in engine efficiency or fuel economy .

neg: Garage apartment A garage apartment is an apartment built within the walls of , or on top of , the garage of a house . The garage may be attached or a separate building from the main house , but will have a separate entrance and may or may not have a communicating door to the main house . A garage apartment is one type of `` accessory dwelling unit '' or ADU , a term used by architects , urban planners and in zoning ordinances to identify apartments smaller than the main dwelling on one lot or parcel of land . Other examples of ADU 's include granny flats , English basements , mother-in-law suites , and auxiliary units .   In the U.S. , garage apartments are frequently found in older urban areas , either in secondary buildings designed for such purposes ( sometimes called ` guest ' or ` carriage ' houses ) , or converted into residential units from their original use . ADUs may be regulated by size , occupancy , lot size , core features ( such as kitchens or bathrooms ) , other building codes and parking allotment . In Canada , they can also be referred to as coachhouses and in Australia , Fonzie flats .   The idea of integrating garage apartments into urban planning is a key aspect of new urbanism , although many jurisdictions in the U.S. prohibit new construction of or occupancy of ADUs except for relatives .

neg: Hotchkiss Anjou The Hotchkiss Anjou was a luxury car offered between 1950 and 1954 by the French automaker Hotchkiss . It was an updated version of the 486 and 686/866 models which had first appeared in the 1930s and inherited its engines from those cars , although their engines in turn dated back to OHC units introduced in the mid-1920s .   The car was launched in autumn 1950 , and during the first year 1,787 were produced . In 1951 the company produced a further 2,666 . The depressed state of the economy and the government 's punitive taxation policy , especially in respect of larger cars , saw to it that , at least in terms of units produced , 1951 was the car 's best year , however . 815 were produced in 1952 and only 197 in 1953 . 1953 was the last year of production , but the company was still advertising new cars for sale at least until the end of 1954 , which indicates that their financial problems may well have been exacerbated by the practice of systematically manufacturing more cars than they were selling earlier in the Anjou 's life .   The Anjou came with a large limousine-style body significantly modified when compared to its predecessors and characteristic of the times . A small number of two-door coupés were produced as well as a 2-door cabriolet , branded as the Hotchkiss Anthéor .   There was a choice of two engine sizes . Most cars were shipped with a four-cylinder ohc 2,312 cc water-cooled unit with one or , at the customer 's option , two carburettors . However , a longer-nosed version allowed space for the larger ohc six-cylinder 3,485 cc water-cooled engine that promoted the car into the stratospheric 20CV taxation class , but increased claimed maximum power from 72/75 hp to 100/125 hp , with a corresponding increase in claimed maximum speed from 130 km/h ( 81 mph ) to 145 km/h ( 90 mph ) . Sources for the power output vary , possibly according to whether the engine was fed by one or two carburettors .   Both cars were offered with so-called `` classic '' four-speed manual transmission , and the smaller-engined car was available with an optional electromagnetic `` Cotal '' gearbox , which is seen by some as a precursor to more modern automatic transmission systems , and which would also have stood out from the crowd at any time on account of its having featured four forward speeds and four reverse speeds .   In addition to the 5,465 Anjous produced , the company built about 40 of the 2-door cabriolet Anthéor models .

neg: Kia Ray For the concept car , see Kia Ray ( concept car )   The Kia Ray EV is a city car manufactured by Kia Motors . The initial roll out was a limited production of 2,500 units destined for the South Korean government fleets , scheduled to be deployed in 2012 . The Ray EV is a predecessor to an all-electric crossover SUV that Kia Motors planned to launch globally in 2014 . In May 2013 a fleet of 184 Kia Ray EVs were deployed in Seoul as part of a carsharing service called `` Electric Vehicle Sharing '' at a rate of per hour . The service has 15,000 registered customers .   The Ray has a unique door layout ; the passenger side of the vehicle has a sliding door for the rear seats , while the driver 's side has a swing-out door . The car has boxy dimensions , much like other similarly sized cars , such as the Honda Freed and Suzuki Solio . The Ray 's interior benefits from the square shape , as it has more space than most cars its size ; however , it is only able to seat four people .   The Ray EV is the automaker 's first production battery electric vehicle . It is powered by a 50 kW electric motor , with a 16.4 kWh lithium ion battery that allows an all-electric range of 86 mi depending on driving conditions .   The Kia Ray is also available in non-EV types equipped with gasoline and bi-fuel with a gasoline and liquefied petroleum gas ( LPG ) combination . Both engines are available in four trims - Deluxe , Special , Luxury and Prestige . Only available in the local Korea domestic market , both engines produce similar power and outputs . The gasoline engine generates 78 PS at 6,400 rpm and 9.6 kg.m / 3,500 rpm . Both engines have displacements of 998 cc , generating fuel economies of 17 km/l for gasoline , and bi-fuel delivering 16.6 km/l on gasoline mode and 13.2 km/l on LPG mode . Gasoline engine models weigh in at 998 kg with bi-fuel models weighing in at 1042 kg . Both are equipped with a 4 speed automatic transmission , and are currently sold in the Republic of Korea .

neg: Carsharing Carsharing or car sharing ( US ) or car clubs ( UK ) is a model of car rental where people rent cars for short periods of time , often by the hour . They are attractive to customers who make only occasional use of a vehicle , as well as others who would like occasional access to a vehicle of a different type than they use day-to-day . The organization renting the cars may be a commercial business or the users may be organized as a company , public agency , cooperative , or ad hoc grouping .   Carsharing services are available in over 1,000 cities in several countries .   , there were an estimated 1.7 million car-sharing members in 27 countries , including so-called peer-to-peer services , according to the Transportation Sustainability Research Center at U.C. Berkeley . Of these , 800,000 were car-sharing members in the United States . , the world 's largest carsharing networks across North America and Europe are Zipcar with 767,000 members and 11,000 vehicles , DriveNow with over 875,000 customers and over 6,000 cars , , and Car2Go with over 900,000 members and 12,000 cars .   According to Navigant Consulting , global carsharing services revenue will approach billion in 2013 and grow to billion by 2020 , with over 12 million members worldwide . The main factors driving the growth of carsharing are the rising levels of congestion faced by city dwellers ; shifting generational mindsets about car ownership ; the increasing costs of personal vehicle ownership ; and a convergence of business models . Carsharing contributes to sustainable transport because it is a less car intensive means of urban transport , and according to The Economist , carsharing can reduce car ownership at an estimated rate of one rental car replacing 15 owned vehicles .

neg: Timeshare A timeshare ( sometimes called vacation ownership ) is a property with a particular form of ownership or use rights . These properties are typically resort condominium units , in which multiple parties hold rights to use the property , and each sharer is allotted a period of time ( typically one week and almost always the same time every year ) in which they may use the property . Units may be on a partial ownership , lease , or `` right to use '' basis , in which the sharer holds no claim to ownership of the property .

neg: Volvo YCC The Volvo YCC ( `` Your Concept Car '' ) was a concept car made by Volvo Cars presented at the 2004 Geneva Motor Show , with the stated goal of meeting the particular needs of female drivers . In order to do so , Volvo assembled a design team entirely made up of women , around October 2001 . It was a major exercise in ergonomics from the perspective of a female driver .   Those who were involved during the several stages of the project were : Maria Widell Christiansen , Eva-Lisa Andersson , Elna Holmberg , Maria Uggla , Camilla Palmertz , Cynthia Charwick , Anna Rosén , Lena Ekelund , and Tatiana Butovitsch Temm .   On the outside the car looked , at first glance , like a mildly futuristic 4-seat coupé . On closer inspection one could see that there was no hood , that is , no access panel permitting access to the car 's engine . Engine maintenance required taking out the whole front end of the car body , preferably in some establishment with the required space and equipment . This was not supposed to happen often , as the engine was designed to need an oil change only after 50,000 km and to automatically send a radio message to a garage a short time before any required maintenance .   Filling the windshield washer tank was done by a capless ball valve , right next to the capless gas tank ball valve . Volvo surveys had found ( among many other things ) that female drivers considered caps to be a major nuisance . The car featured run-flat tires , like those of wheeled armoured vehicles , in order to be able to drive all the way to a garage after a puncture and thus avoid having to change a tire by the side of the road .   Entry into the car was by the means of two gull-wing doors on the sides . The concept was a 3-door , 4-seat coupe design . It also had an upwards opening hatchback door giving access to the trunk and cargo area . All 3 doors were motorized for a sensor-based `` keyless '' entry . Pressing on a single button on the keychain automatically opened the nearest door , making it easy for somebody holding bags of groceries or other sundries to get the things in the car without putting anything down .  The interior was maximized for easy storage and good looks .   All of the textile panels or textile parts such as the seat pads or the door sides could be removed easily to change the color schemes and vary textures . The headrests had indentations to accommodate pony tails . The shifting column and the hand brake were removed from the center console to give the front seat passengers easier access to the large storage compartments located within the dashboard . The rear seat could fold up , making it easy for the driver to get a fairly big item in the car without opening the hatchback .   The bumpers and body cladding were made from tough , dent-resistant materials . The hybrid engine was economical and powerful . The five-cylinder engine produced 215 bhp .

neg: Toyota Raum The Toyota Raum is a small , 5-seat compact MPV that first appeared in May 1997 . The second generation was released in May 2003 . It was sold only in Japan at Toyota Netz retail sales channels .   The vehicle 's name is German for chamber , berth , room , space , expanse , scope , area , or sphere and attempts to emphasize the vast amount of space it contains relative to its size . This is because the front doors on both the driver and passenger sides open conventionally , but the rear doors slide open rearward and attach to the top and bottom of the door openings and interlock to the front doors . The Raum uses a similar door approach also used on the first-generation Mitsubishi RVR/Space Runner .   There is no doorjamb between the front and rear doors that the doors attach to on the passenger side , and the passenger front seat folds flat upon itself and then can be folded forward while still being attached to the floor at the front bottom of the seat . The rear seats can be folded flat with a 60:40 split or can also be folded forward individually for a rear flat cargo floor .   The automatic transmission gear selector is dashboard mounted , thereby freeing up the flat floor space between the front seats , allowing movement to the back seat from inside the vehicle .   __ TOC __

neg: ZIL-4104 The ZIL-4104 was a limousine built by ZiL from the late 1970s to the early 1980s , when it served as the transport of the elite of the Soviet Union . It is estimated that no more than fifty cars were produced each year .   Originally designated ZiL-115 , the ZIL-4104 was an update of the ZIL-114 with which it shared the same chassis and over half its mechanical components . Despite sharing the same chassis , the ZIL-4104 was still as much as 314 kg ( 692 lb ) heavier than the 114 .   Mechanically , the ZIL-4104 also improved on the 114 . The pushrod V8 engine of the 114 had its stroke increased from 95 mm to 105 mm . With a 108 mm bore , this meant the capacity increased from 6,959 cc to 7,695 cc , which was throughout the model 's lifespan one of the world 's biggest passenger-car engines ( Cadillac offered a 500 cid engine ) . This engine developed 315 hp SAE Gross at 4,400 revs per minute and a substantial 608 Nm at 2500 rpm . Weighing in at 3400 kg , and measuring 6339 mm long , 2068 mm wide , and 1500 mm high , it needed it .   Among its special features were special laminated windscreen and triple-layered windows , supposedly offering protection from radiation in case of nuclear attack , plus duplicated systems , including dual ignition , two 74-amp batteries in parallel , and two fuel pumps .   The console and dash were covered with Karelian birch 10 mm thick , and the rear seat controlled radio ( a Riga receiver ) , power windows , heater , and air conditioner ; in the console in front was a Vilma cassette player .   The fuel tank was 120 L and the car used leaded 95 octane petrol , getting 22 L/100 km .   By 1984 , a new three-speed automatic transmission had replaced the much outdated two-speed type that had been used by ZIL dating back to the first ZIL-111 in 1958 .   As official state cars , the ZiL-4104s were `` built under conditions of strict secrecy '' and were `` maintained in closed garages by a special division of the KGB '' , with everyone involved in building and servicing them sworn to secrecy .

neg: Mercedes-Benz G-Class The Mercedes-Benz G-Class , sometimes called G-Wagen ( short for Geländewagen , `` cross country vehicle '' ) , is a mid-size four-wheel drive luxury SUV manufactured by Magna Steyr ( formerly Steyr-Daimler-Puch ) in Austria and sold by Mercedes-Benz . In certain markets , it has been sold under the Puch name as Puch G . The G-wagen is characterized by its boxy styling and body-on-frame construction . It uses three fully locking differentials , one of the few vehicles to have such a feature . Despite the introduction of an intended replacement , the unibody SUV Mercedes-Benz GL-Class in 2006 , the G-Class is still in production and is one of the longest produced Mercedes-Benz in Daimler 's history , with a span of 35 years . Only the Unimog surpasses it .   The G-class was developed as a military vehicle from a suggestion by the Shah of Iran ( at the time a significant Mercedes shareholder ) to Mercedes and offered as a civilian version in 1979 . In this role it is sometimes referred to as the `` Wolf '' and LAPV Enok . The Peugeot P4 is a variant made under license , with a Peugeot engine and different parts .   It was not available from Mercedes-Benz in the United States until 2002 , although this was preceded by a grey-market where even basic models commanded six-figure prices in the 1990s . It was launched in 2002 as the Mercedes-Benz G500 with a V-8 gas engine and achieved 3114 sales that year . This eventually tapered down to some sub-1000 sales years , however , in the 2010s sales began to increase again surpassing 3000 in 2014 and in 2015 it sold more than in its launch year , with 3616 sold that year . In 2016 this increased to 3950 in the United States . Canada saw a similar increase , which , although is a smaller market saw sales increase from 127 in 2012 to over 400 in 2016 .

neg: Van A van is a type of road vehicle used for transporting goods or people . Depending on the type of van it can be bigger or smaller than a truck and SUV , and bigger than a common car . There is some varying in the scope of the word across the different English-speaking countries . The smallest vans , microvans , are used for transporting either goods or people in tiny quantities . Mini MPVs , Compact MPVs , and MPVs are all small vans usually used for transporting people in small quantities . Larger vans with passenger seats are used for institutional purposes , such as transporting students . Larger vans with only front seats are often used for business purposes , to carry goods and equipment . Specially-equipped vans are used by television stations as mobile studios . Postal services and courier companies use large step vans to deliver packages .

neg: Wanderer W22 The Wanderer W22 was an upper-middle-class six-cylinder sedan introduced by Auto Union under the Wanderer brand in 1933 . It replaced the W20 8/40 PS , from which it inherited its OHV engine , developed by Ferdinand Porsche .   Two years after introduction , in 1935 , the car was renamed as the Wanderer W240 , and in 1936 it was renamed again as the Wanderer W40 . The engine and principal mechanical components remained very little changed throughout , however , as did the wheelbase and other principal chassis measurements . The car therefore was , and generally still is , regarded as a single model despite the name changes .   At launch the W22 differed from its predecessor most notably on account of its swing rear axle , supported by lateral leaf springing , adopting a pattern established by Ferdinand Porsche during his time with the ( at the time still independent ) Austrian Steyr company . Another new feature in the W22 was the hydraulic braking system .   The car was powered by a six-cylinder four-stroke ohv engine of 1950 cc driving the rear wheels via a four-speed gearbox . This was the same engine which was installed ( albeit turned around with its drive shaft facing the front of the car ) in the innovative Audi Front which was launched at the same time . As on the Audi , claimed maximum power output was 40 PS at 3,500 rpm . However , whereas the Audi received the larger engine from the new Wanderer 245 in 1935 , the Wanderer W22/W240/W40 retained the same 1950 cc engine throughout its life .   Initially the car was offered as a `` six-light '' ( six side window ) four-door saloon and as a two-door cabriolet . Additional configurations were offered a year later including a commodious six-seat `` Pullman-limousine '' .   The 1935 name change from W22 to W240 coincided with the introduction of a four-door saloon with just two principal side windows on each side . With this body the Wanderer W240 appeared streamlined beside the conservatively styled contemporary Mercedes-Benz sedans . It more closely resembled a chunkier version of the Citroën Traction introduced in France late in 1933 . At the same time the cabriolet version was modified , losing its rear side windows in favour of a more extensive hood . The `` Pullman-limousine '' continued to be offered .   There were no significant changes to the car accompanying the 1936 name change to Wanderer W40 .   The Wanderer W22/W240/W40 shared its 3000 mm wheelbase with the six-cylinder 1690 cc W21/W235/W35 and , after 1935 , the six-cylinder 2257 cc W245/W250/W45 / W50 models . Taking all the 3-metre wheelbase models together , 29,111 of these six-cylinder Wanderers were produced between 1933 and 1938 .   Auto Union did not directly replace their W22/W240/W40 . However , the larger-engined six-cylinder models were effectively replaced by the Wanderer W23 , which appeared in 1937 .

neg: Seat belt A seat belt , also known as a safety belt , is a vehicle safety device designed to secure the occupant of a vehicle against harmful movement that may result during a collision or a sudden stop . A seat belt functions to reduce the likelihood of death or serious injury in a traffic collision by reducing the force of secondary impacts with interior strike hazards , by keeping occupants positioned correctly for maximum effectiveness of the airbag ( if equipped ) and by preventing occupants being ejected from the vehicle in a crash or if the vehicle rolls over .   When in motion , the driver and passengers are travelling at the same speed as the car . If the car suddenly stops or crashes , the driver and passengers continue at the same speed the car was going before it stopped . A seatbelt applies an opposing force to the driver and passengers to prevent them from falling out or making contact with the interior of the car . Seatbelts are considered as Primary Restraint Systems ( PRS ) , because of their vital role in occupant safety .

neg: 1950s American automobile culture 1950s American automobile culture has had an enduring influence on the culture of the United States , as reflected in popular music , major trends from the 1950s and mainstream acceptance of the `` hot rod '' culture . The American manufacturing economy switched from producing war-related items to consumer goods at the end of World War II , and by the end of the 1950s , one in six working Americans were employed either directly or indirectly in the automotive industry . The United States became the world 's largest manufacturer of automobiles , and Henry Ford 's goal of 30 years earlier -- that any man with a good job should be able to afford an automobile -- was achieved . A new generation of service businesses focusing on customers with their automobiles sprang up during the decade , including drive-through or drive-in restaurants and more drive-in theaters ( cinemas ) .   The decade began with 25 million registered automobiles on the road , most of which predated World War II and were in poor condition ; no automobiles or parts were produced during the war owing to rationing and restrictions . By 1950 , most factories had made the transition to a consumer-based economy , and more than 8 million cars were produced that year alone . By 1958 , there were more than 67 million cars registered in the United States , more than twice the number at the start of the decade .   As part of the U.S. national defenses , to support military transport , the National Highway System was expanded with Interstate highways , beginning in 1955 , across many parts of the United States . The wider , multi-lane highways allowed traffic to move at faster speeds , with few or no stoplights on the way . The wide-open spaces along the highways became a basis for numerous billboards showing advertisements .   The dawning of the Space Age and Space Race were reflected in contemporary American automotive styling . Large tailfins , flowing designs reminiscent of rockets , and radio antennas that imitated Sputnik 1 were common , owing to the efforts of design pioneers such as Harley Earl .

neg: Grand Tour The Grand Tour was the traditional trip of Europe undertaken by mainly upper class European young men of sufficient means and rank ( or those of more humble origin who could find a sponsor ) , as well as young women if they were also of sufficient means , and accompanied by a chaperone , such as other family members , when they had come of age ( about the age of 21 years old ) . The custom flourished from about 1660 , until the advent of large-scale rail transport in the 1840s , and was associated with a standard itinerary . It served as an educational rite of passage . Though primarily associated with the British nobility and wealthy landed gentry , similar trips were made by wealthy young men of Protestant Northern European nations , and from the second half of the 18th century , by some South and North Americans . The tradition declined with the lapse of neo-classical enthusiasm and after rail and steamship travel made the journeys much easier when Thomas Cook made the `` Cook 's Tour '' of early mass tourism a byword .   The New York Times in 2008 described the Grand Tour in this way :   The primary value of the Grand Tour , it was believed , lay in the exposure both to the cultural legacy of classical antiquity and the Renaissance , and to the aristocratic and fashionably polite society of the European continent . In addition , it provided the only opportunity to view specific works of art , and possibly the only chance to hear certain music . A Grand Tour could last from several months to several years . It was commonly undertaken in the company of a Cicerone , a knowledgeable guide or tutor . The Grand Tour had more than superficial cultural importance ; as E. P. Thompson stated , `` ruling-class control in the 18th century was located primarily in a cultural hegemony , and only secondarily in an expression of economic or physical ( military ) power . '' The legacy of the Grand Tour lives on to the modern day and is still evident in works of travel and literature . From its aristocratic origins and the permutations of sentimental and romantic travel to the age of tourism and globalization , the Grand Tour still influences the destinations tourists choose and shapes the ideas of culture and sophistication that surround the act of travel .   In essence , the Grand Tour was neither a scholar 's pilgrimage nor a religious one , though a pleasurable stay in Venice and a cautious residence in Rome were essential . Catholic Grand Tourists followed the same routes as Protestant Whigs . Since the 17th century , a tour to such places was also considered essential for budding young artists to understand proper painting and sculpture techniques , though the trappings of the Grand Tour -- valets and coachmen , perhaps a cook , certainly a `` bear-leader '' or scholarly guide -- were beyond their reach . The advent of popular guides , such as the Richardsons ' , did much to popularise such trips , and following the artists themselves , the elite considered travel to such centres as necessary rites of passage . For gentlemen , some works of art were essential to demonstrate the breadth and polish they had received from their tour : in Rome , antiquaries like Thomas Jenkins provided access to private collections of antiquities , among which enough proved to be for sale that the English market raised the price of such things , and for coins and medals , which formed more portable souvenirs and a respected gentleman 's guide to ancient history . Pompeo Batoni made a career of painting English milordi posed with graceful ease among Roman antiquities . Many continued on to Naples , where they viewed Herculaneum and Pompeii , but few ventured far into southern Italy or Malta , and fewer still to Greece , still under Turkish rule .

neg: Automobile handling Automobile handling and vehicle handling are descriptions of the way a wheeled vehicle responds and reacts to the inputs of a driver , as well as how it moves along a track or road . It is commonly judged by how a vehicle performs particularly during cornering , acceleration , and braking as well as on the vehicle 's directional stability when moving in steady state condition .   In the automotive industry , handling and braking are the major components of a vehicle 's `` active '' safety , as well as its ability to perform in Auto Racing . The maximum lateral acceleration is sometimes discussed separately as `` road holding '' . ( This discussion is directed at road vehicles with at least three wheels , but some of it may apply to other ground vehicles ) . Automobiles driven on public roads whose engineering requirements emphasize handling over comfort and passenger space are named sports cars .

neg: Carport A carport is a covered structure used to offer limited protection to vehicles , primarily cars , from rain and snow . The structure can either be free standing or attached to a wall . Unlike most structures a carport does not have four walls , and usually has one or two . Carports offer less protection than garages but allow for more ventilation . In particular , a carport prevents frost on the windshield .  A `` mobile '' and/or `` enclosed '' carport has the same purpose as a standard carport but may be removed/relocated and is typically framed with tubular steel and may have canvas or vinyl type covering which encloses the complete frame including walls and may have an accessible front entry or open entryway not typically attached to any structure or fastened in place by permanent means put held in place by stakes and is differentiated from a tent by main purpose to house vehicles and/or motorized equipment and a tent is to shelter people .


query: K-pop Star 2 featured Park Jin-young as a judge.

pos: K-pop Star 2 The second season of the South Korean reality television competition show K-pop Star premiered on SBS on November 18 , 2012 , airing Sunday evenings at 4:55 pm KST as part of the Good Sunday lineup . Yoon Do-hyun returned as host and narrator , and Boom returned as live host . Yang Hyun-suk , Park Jin-young , and BoA returned as judges . The season ended on April 6 , 2013 , with Akdong Musician crowned as winner and chose to sign with YG Entertainment .   Contestants from the Top 10 of Season 2 returned for a special Dream Stage - Best of the Best episode on April 14 , 2013 , competing with contestants of Season 1 for the title of Overall Champion .

neg: Park Yong-soo Yong Soo Park is a South Korean Tae Kwon Do practitioner who has fought professionally in K-1 .

neg: Indian Idol Junior Indian Idol Junior is an Indian reality television singing competition . It is a spin-off of Indian Idol . It began broadcasting on Sony Entertainment Television Asia from June 1 , 2013 .  Karan Wahi and Mandira Bedi were hosts of the show which was judged by music duo Vishal-Shekhar and with playback singer Shreya Ghoshal .   A second season started on 30 May 2015 . The new judges were Salim Merchant and Sonakshi Sinha , while Vishal Dadlani reprised his role as the judge . The show was hosted by Hussain Kuwajerwala and co-hosted by Asha Negi .

neg: Koo Jun-hoe Koo Jun-hoe ( Hangul : 구준회 , born March 31 , 1997 ) is a South Korean singer . He is a member of the South Korean boy group iKON , signed under YG Entertainment .   He appeared on the 2013 Mnet reality survival programme WIN : Who Is Next as part of `` Team B '' , competing against other YG Entertainment trainees for the chance to debut as a group . He went on to appear in the 2014 follow-up programme Mix & Match , which determined the lineup of iKON , along with bandmates B.I , Bobby , Jinhwan , Donghyuk , Yunhyeong and Chanwoo .

neg: Kayla J. Yoo Kayla J. Yoo is a songwriter , singer , music producer , multimedia designer and music columnist from South Korea who has developed Joombas Music Group as Chief Content Officer with Justine Ok , Yena Seo , and Hyuk Shin in 2011 . In 2013 , she was involved as a songwriter on `` Romantic St ' of Girls ' Generation 's 4th album , I Got A Boy , which hit Billboard # 1 World album chart in January 2013 . Deeply involved with Fiera Music in 2012 as a director , she works on various music projects as a singer , lyricist , A&R , and multimedia designer/producer in New York City .   As a multimedia designer and producer , she has either directed , produced , interviewed , or written many interviews for artists Marques Houston , Elijah Blake , RAS , Mat Musto , Torae , and Oddisee . With Joombas Music Group , she directed contents on Joombas TV ( the online media channel of Joombas Music Group ) , including industry news , interviews , online reality show and documentary . She also has worked as a video editor for the music video of the song ` Heal ' by Natascha Bessez . The music video was featured by the actor Hunter Johansson , twin brother of Scarlett Johansson , and it was released in February 2013 .   As a music columnist , she works with Korean Hiphop/R & B online magazine HiphopLE . She writes the series of ` R&B Talk ' , ` Feature ' , and ` Stars in Love ' , which also published offline , by the Korean fashion magazine ` FAST ' in 2013 . In July 2013 , she became a panel of the official podcast radio of HiphopLE , `` The Art Of Hip-Hop '' and `` Hot Issue '' . She 's also known as the voice of HiphopLE 's intro clip , speaking the slogan ` One Step Closer to Hip-hop and R&B Music ' . In February 2014 , HiphopLE held a contest to find the new instrumental for the intro clip with using Kayla , Jolly V and NateDogg 's voices .   On January 28 , 2014 , Kayla made her music video directing debut in the single album , `` Champion '' by Born I Music and Justine . The single was released digitally and distributed worldwide by Fiera Music/Sony Music Entertainment Korea and the music video was certified by VEVO . Kayla got also involved as a director of the project and the background singer .  Subsequently , `` Champion '' was also featured in a Sony Music compilation album for the Sochi 2014 Olympics released on February 7 , 2014 . Also listed on the album were artists such as Pharrell Williams , Daft Punk , Justin Timberlake , Lenka , Avril Lavigne , Shakira , Pitbull , One Direction , Dami Im , Britney Spears , Chris Brown , Miley Cyrus , Foster The People , Paloma Faith , Helena , Tinashe , Krewella , Little Mix , Beyoncé , Russian Red , Justice Crew , Ailee , and Lucas Nord .

neg: Park Sang-young Park Sang-young ( -LSB- pak̚.s͈aŋ.jʌŋ -RSB- or -LSB- pak̚ -RSB- -LSB- saŋ.jʌŋ -RSB- born 16 October 1995 ) is a South Korean épée fencer , Individual gold medalist at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Olympic Games and team silver medallist at the 2014 World Fencing Championships .

neg: Luna (singer) Park Sun-young ( born August 12 , 1993 ) , better known by her stage name Luna , is a South Korean singer , actress and presenter . She is best known as the main vocalist and lead dancer of South Korean girl group f ( x ) . Luna made her solo debut with the extended play Free Somebody on May 31 , 2016 .

neg: Kim Jin-woo (musician) Kim Jin-woo ( born September 26 , 1991 ) , better known mononymously Jinwoo , is a South Korean singer and actor . He is the lead vocalist of the South Korean boy group Winner , formed in 2013 by YG Entertainment through the survival show WIN : Who Is Next .

neg: Music on Top Music On Top ( Korean : 뮤직온탑 ) was a South Korean music television program broadcast by JTBC . It airs live every Wednesday at 6:20 PM KST . It is currently hosted by Yoon Doo-joon of B2ST and actor Lee Hyun-woo . The show was put on hiatus after the March 14 , 2012 episode , but it reported to be coming back in at some indefinite date in the future ; this was a factor of having consistent low ratings ( similar to the demise of shows of like format such as Channel A ( Korea ) 's `` K-Pop Con '' and Maeil Broadcasting Network 's `` Show ! K Music '' . )

neg: WoongSan WoongSan ( born Kim Eun Young ) is an award-winning South Korean musician , actress and TV show host . She has been a leading figure in the jazz music scene in Korea and Japan for over a decade , having performed live over 500 times since her 1998 Japanese debut . She is the first Korean-born musician to perform at New York City 's historic Blue Note Jazz Club and has collaborated with many other well-known jazz musicians including Benny Green , Lonnie Plaxico , Rodney Green , Conrad Herwig and Suzuki Hisatsugu . She is also well known for training Ali ( South Korean singer ) , a popular K-pop singer .

neg: RuPaul's Drag Race (season 2) The second season of RuPaul 's Drag Race premiered on February 1 , 2010 , and aired its final episode on April 26 , 2010 . On May 1 , 2009 , the casting website for the series opened , allowing prospective contestants to create user profiles and upload videos of themselves to be voted on by viewers ; the applicant collecting the most votes being invited to become a contestant of the second season . At the end of the online casting period , Jessica Wild had collected the most votes and was announced as being a season two contestant . Filming took place during the summer of 2009 .   For season two , the number of contestants was increased from nine to twelve , and the prizes were slightly modified : a lifetime supply of NYX Cosmetics and be the face of nyxcosmetics.com , an exclusive one year public relations contract with LGBT firm Project Publicity , be featured an LA Eyeworks campaign , join the Logo Drag Race tour , and a cash prize of $ 25,000 . A new tradition of writing a farewell message , in lipstick on their workstation mirror , was started by the first eliminated queen of the season .  Each week 's episode is followed by a behind-the-scenes show , RuPaul 's Drag Race Untucked . The theme song playing during the runway and the end credits every episode is `` Jealous of My Boogie '' from RuPaul 's album Champion .   The winner of the second season of RuPaul 's Drag Race was Tyra Sanchez with Raven being the Runner-Up .   Shangela Laquifa Wadley returned to Season 3 as a surprise to compete with the other 12 drag queens . She placed 6th overall .   Jujubee , Pandora Boxx and Raven competed on the first season of All Stars . Pandora placed 11/12th with fellow season 3 contestant Mimi Imfurst , Jujubee placed 3rd/4th with fellow season 1 contestant Shannel and Raven was the runner-up .   Tatianna competed on the second season of All Stars and initially finished in 8th place . She returned to the competition after winning re-entry with Alyssa Edwards and placed 6th overall .   On December 6 , 2011 , Amazon.com released this season on DVD via their CreateSpace program .

neg: Jang Jae-in Jang Jae-in ( Hangul : 장재인 , born June 6 , 1991 ) , also known as Jang Jane , is a South Korean singer-songwriter who finished third in the second season of South Korean reality television series Superstar K . She is currently signed to Mystic89 .

neg: The Voice of the Philippines (season 2) The second season of The Voice of the Philippines was a reality singing competition in ABS-CBN which started airing on October 26 , 2014 . apl.de.ap , Lea Salonga , Sarah Geronimo , and Bamboo Mañalac returned as coaches for this season . Toni Gonzaga also returned to host the show ; she was also joined by The Voice Kids host , Luis Manzano . Robi Domingo and Alex Gonzaga also returned to reprise their roles as the show 's V-reporters .   The show aired every Saturdays 8:45 p.m. ( PST ) and Sundays at 8:30 p.m. ( PST ) .   On March 1 , 2015 , Jason Dy of Team Sarah won the competition , beating Alisah Bonaobra of Team apl .

neg: Hyomin Park Sun-young ( born May 30 , 1989 ) , better known by her stage name Hyomin , is a South Korean singer , songwriter and actress . She is a member of South Korean girl group T-ara .

neg: Jang Yoon-ju Jang Yoon-ju ( born November 7 , 1980 ) is a South Korean model , television personality , singer-songwriter and actress . Jang began modeling in 1997 when she was 17 years old , and became one of the most successful Korean fashion models , with a career spanning almost two decades . She also hosts Korea 's Next Top Model , and won Best Radio DJ at the 2013 KBS Entertainment Awards for KBS Cool FM 's Rooftop Radio . As a singer-songwriter , Jang has released two albums , Dream ( 2008 ) and I 'm Fine ( 2012 ) . She made her acting debut in 2015 , playing a detective in Ryoo Seung-wan 's crime thriller Veteran .

neg: SuperBand SuperBand is a spin-off of Project SuperStar , a popular singing talent-search competition in Singapore . Contestants are bands of 2 to 6 people .   To mark the opening of the first season , a special SuperBand Big Jam where all the 18 bands made their debut at Suntec City 's Fountain of Wealth , and was aired as a special at 8:45 pm on April 9 , 2006 . After which , the show was broadcast at 7:30 pm on Monday starting from April 10 , 2006 for the first 4 episodes of Season 1 . Subsequent episodes were aired at 8:00 pm . The results show were aired ` live ' at 11:30 pm on MediaCorp Channel U. For Season 2 , all shows were on Monday at 8:00 pm from June 16 , 2008 with the results show delayed at 11:30 pm after an earlier recording at about 10:00 pm . An exception was on August 18 , 2008 , when the main show was aired at 7:00 pm due to the telecast of the National Day Rally 's English speech at 8:00 pm . The band with the lowest overall scores would be eliminated every week . The scores are determined by judges ' scores ( 50 % ) and by audience voting ( 50 % ) .   The judges for Season 1 were Y.E.S. 93.3 FM DJ Dennis Chew , Producer Li Yi Wen , Billy Koh and Li Si Song . The hosts were Milk , Jeff Wang , Belinda Lee and SuperHost champion Charlyn Lin .   In season 2 , the judges are Bao Xiao Song , Jiu Jian and Cavin Soh . The hosts were Dasmond Koh and Y.E.S. 93.3 FM -RSB- DJ Lin Peifen . Tang Ling Yi also served as host but only on the first episode of the results show , after she requested to venture in the entertainment industry outside of Singapore .

neg: Park Bom Park Bom ( born March 24 , 1984 ) , better known by the mononym Bom , is a South Korean singer . She is best known as a member of the South Korean girl group 2NE1 . The group announced their disbandment on November 25 , 2016 .   Park Bom began her musical career in 2006 , featuring on singles released by label-mates Big Bang , Lexy and Masta Wu . In 2009 , she made her debut as a member of 2NE1 as the main vocalist .   She has also released two solo singles , `` You and I '' and `` Do n't Cry '' . Both singles reached number one on the Gaon Digital Chart , the national music chart of South Korea . `` You and I '' was also awarded `` Best Digital Single '' at the 2010 Mnet Asian Music Awards .

neg: Psy discography This is the discography of the South Korean idol Psy . He is well known for his humorous videos and stage performances , and for his hit single `` Gangnam Style '' , a song about where he came from and which talks about the life of the people of Gangnam , which is a neighborhood in Seoul , South Korea .   In January 2001 , Psy debuted with his full-length album Psy from the Psycho World ! , for which he received a fine due to accusations that the album contained `` inappropriate content '' . He released his controversial second album , Sa 2 , in 2002 , which sparked complaints from concerned civil groups due to the potentially negative influence his album would have on children and teenagers . Since then , Psy has been thought of as a controversial artist , and Sa 2 was banned in 2002 from being sold to those under the age of 19 . Later in September the same year , Psy released his third album 3 Mai . The album 's title song , `` Champion '' , saw great success partly due to the hype from the World Cup games held in Seoul . Despite the significant amount of controversy surrounding his music , Psy was awarded with songwriting accolades at the annually held Seoul Music Awards , which marked his breakthrough in the music industry of South Korea .   In 2006 , Psy released his 4th album Sa Jib , which won honors at the 2006 SBS Music Awards and the Mnet Asian Music Awards . Psy released his 5th album PsyYFive in 2010 , but its lead single `` Right Now '' was banned by South Korea 's Ministry of Gender Equality and Family for its `` obscene '' lyrics . Despite his lead single being banned , Psy received awards during the 2011 Melon Music Awards and Mnet Asian Music Awards . Prior to the release of `` Gangnam Style '' , Psy had topped domestic music charts half a dozen times throughout his 12-year career , according to Billboard .   In July 2012 , PSY released his 6th album Psy 6 ( Six Rules ) , Part 1 and the song `` Gangnam Style '' appeared in broadcasting networks and newspapers outside Asia . On August 14 , `` Gangnam Style '' ranked first on YouTube 's ` Most Viewed Videos ' monthly chart ; it has received over 2 billion on YouTube ( the first to reach this mark and currently the number one viewed video in YouTube 's history ) . His single , `` Gentleman '' , was released on April 12 , 2013 in 119 countries .

neg: I Am a Singer (Chinese TV series) I Am a Singer is a Chinese version of the Korean reality show I Am a Singer and it is broadcast on Hunan Television . Seven talented , veteran Chinese singers perform for a selected audience , which votes to eliminate one singer after each week 's performance . The following week , another singer joins the competition , and the lineup of artists varies throughout the course of the show .   The program ended its first season on 12 April 2013 , its second season on 4 April 2014 , its third season on 27 March 2015 , and its fourth season on April 8 , 2016 . Starting with the fifth season , the program 's name was changed to `` Singer '' , and the rules of the competition was changed to eliminate a singer in each episode .

neg: Singing Battle – Victory Singing Battle -- Victory is a 2016 South Korean television program hosted by Hyun Woo . It began to air on KBS2 every Fridays at 20:30 ( KST ) starting October 21 , 2016 . Season 1 's last episode was broadcast on May 19 , 2017 .

neg: Hong Jin-young Hong Jin-young ( born August 9 , 1985 ) , better known as the Queen of Trot and by the mononym Jinyoung , is a South Korean trot singer . She was a member of Mnet Media 's girl group SWAN . In 2009 , she debuted as a soloist .