query: The Jackson family included American people born in the 1950s and 1960s.

pos: Jackson family The Jackson family is an American family of singers who originated in Gary , Indiana . Performing as members of The Jackson 5 and as solo artists , the children of Joseph Walter and Katherine Esther Jackson were very successful in the field of popular music from the late 1960s onwards . As a group , the eldest sons Jackie , Tito , Jermaine , Marlon , Randy and Michael , made the family 's reputation , facilitating the subsequent success of siblings Rebbie , La Toya , and Janet . The Jackson 5 became known as the `` First Family of Soul '' ( a title first held by the Five Stairsteps ) . The continued success of Michael and Janet 's careers as solo artists led the Jacksons to become known as the `` Royal Family of Pop '' . All nine of the Jackson siblings have gold records to their credits with La Toya holding the distinction of being the first Jackson sister to attain one ( awarded by France 's SNEP for `` Reggae Night '' , a song she co-wrote for Jimmy Cliff ) .   In recent years , certain members of the family have been honored for their work ; in 1997 The Jackson 5 was inducted to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame . Michael would follow the group to the hall in 2001 . The Jacksons , Michael and Janet all received stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1980 , 1984 and 1990 respectively . In 2009 a new series from A&E entitled The Jacksons : A Family Dynasty premiered documenting the Jackson brothers dealing with the sudden loss of Michael and preparing for a Jackson 5 Reunion tour .

pos: Jermaine Jackson Jermaine La Jaune Jackson ( born December 11 , 1954 ) is an American singer , bass guitarist , composer , and occasional film director . Jackson is mostly known for having in the past been a member of The Jackson 5 . Jackson also produced and recorded duets with American singer Whitney Houston in her early years as a recording artist and was a producer for Bobby DeBarge 's band Switch . Jackson is the fourth child of the Jackson family .

pos: La Toya Jackson La Toya Yvonne Jackson ( born May 29 , 1956 ) is an American singer and songwriter . Jackson is the fifth child of the Jackson family . Jackson maintained a career as a singer throughout the 1980s and 1990s , and returned to music in 2004 with her Billboard charting songs `` Just Wan na Dance '' and `` Free the World '' . An EP called Starting Over was released on June 21 , 2011 .   In 2013 , Jackson began the reality television series Life with La Toya , documenting her life and career on the Oprah Winfrey Network ( OWN ) which aired for two seasons until 2014 .

neg: Enjoy Yourself (The Jacksons song) `` Enjoy Yourself '' is a song recorded by The Jacksons and released as a single in 1976 and peaking in early 1977 . Featuring Michael and Jackie Jackson on lead vocals , it was the first non-Motown single for the group since they departed from the label earlier that year . The song peaked at # 6 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart on February 19 , 1977 . On other US charts , `` Enjoy Yourself '' peaked at # 2 on the Hot Soul Singles chart , and # 33 on the National Disco Action Top 40 chart . On February 14 , 1989 , it became the group 's first single to be certified Platinum by the RIAA . It was also the group 's first song to feature new member Randy Jackson , who replaced Jermaine when he decided to stay at Motown after his brothers left . It also featured backing vocals from sisters Janet and La Toya , who would also launch successful solo careers . The song is sampled on the track `` Let 's Have a Party '' by the Backstreet Boys , which appears on their 1996 self-titled debut album . The song is credited to Philadelphia songwriters/producers Gamble and Huff ; however , a session musician from Gamble and Huff 's in-house band recalled that the late guitarist T.J. Tindall wrote the riff that was the initial spark for the song .   A music video was produced to promote the single , for this was the Jacksons ' very first video . It features the five brothers wearing white suits and dancing on a stage . It was released on DVD for the bonus disc of Michael Jackson 's Vision .

neg: Morgan family The Morgan family was an American financial and banking dynasty , which became prominent in the U.S. and throughout the world in the late 19th century and early 20th century . Members of the family amassed an immense fortune over the generations , primarily through the noted work of John Pierpont ( J. P. ) Morgan ( 1837 -- 1913 ) .   Morgan members were notable for dominating the banking industry during their time . J.P. Morgan was the de facto leader of this dynasty , having been the most prominent businessman in America at the turn of the century . He revolutionized numerous industries , including electricity , railroad , and steel . Through his business methods , he was highly successful in asserting his power as one of the most influential businessmen in America . Historians describe the Morgan family along with its web of partners to be part of the large American banking empire known as the House of Morgan . It is difficult to place an exact beginning and end date on the dynasty . However , many scholars attribute the death of J.P. Morgan to the end of the banking dynasty . American journalist and historian Ron Chernow wrote about the prominence of this dynasty under J.S. Morgan and J.P. Morgan . In The House of Morgan : An American Banking Dynasty and the Rise of Modern Finance , he chronicles the lives of the Morgans , whose lives are `` encrusted with legend ... ripe with mystery , -LSB- and -RSB- exposed to such bitter polemics '' .

neg: West Side Story (soundtrack) West Side Story is the soundtrack to the 1961 film West Side Story . Released in 1961 , the soundtrack spent 54 weeks at No. 1 on Billboard 's album charts , giving it the longest run at No. 1 of any album in history , although some lists instead credit Michael Jackson 's Thriller , on the grounds that West Side Story was listed on a chart for stereo albums only at a time when many albums were recorded in mono . In 1962 , it won a Grammy award for `` Best Sound Track Album -- Original Cast '' and Johnny Richards orchestrations of the movie score ( on Kenton 's West Side Story ) also winning a Grammy in 1962 for `` Best Large Ensemble Jazz Album '' further bolstering the popularity of the movie and soundtrack . In the United States , it was the best-selling album of the 1960s , certifying three times platinum by the RIAA on November 21 , 1986 .   Though the album was released just a few years after the release of the original broadway cast recording , it is according to Broadway Babies preferred by some to the earlier version both sentimentally , as the film succeeded in establishing the musical as a `` popular masterpiece '' , and musically , as it contains `` beefier orchestration '' .

neg: Baby boomers Baby boomers are the demographic cohort following the Silent Generation . There are no precise dates when the cohort birth years start and end . Typically , they range from the early-to-mid 1940s and end from 1960 to 1964 . Increased birth rates were observed during the post -- World War II baby boom making the baby boomers a relatively large demographic cohort .   The term `` baby boomer '' is also used in a cultural context , so it is difficult to achieve broad consensus of a precise date definition . Different people , organizations , and scholars have varying opinions on who is a baby boomer , both technically and culturally . Ascribing universal attributes to such a generation is difficult , and some believe it is inherently impossible , but many have attempted to determine their cultural similarities and historical impact , and the term has thus gained widespread popular usage .   Baby boomers are associated with a rejection or redefinition of traditional values . Many commentators , however , have disputed the extent of that rejection , noting the widespread continuity of values with older and younger generations . In Europe and North America , boomers are widely associated with privilege , as many grew up in a time of widespread government subsidies in post-war housing and education , and increasing affluence .   As a group , baby boomers were the wealthiest , most active , and most physically fit generation up to the era in which they arrived , and were amongst the first to grow up genuinely expecting the world to improve with time . They were also the generation that received peak levels of income ; they could therefore reap the benefits of abundant levels of food , apparel , retirement programs , and sometimes even `` midlife crisis '' products . The increased consumerism for this generation has been regularly criticized as excessive .   One feature of the boomers was that they have tended to think of themselves as a special generation , very different from those that had come before . In the 1960s , as the relatively large numbers of young people became teenagers and young adults , they , and those around them , created a very specific rhetoric around their cohort , and the changes they were bringing about . This rhetoric had an important impact in the self perceptions of the boomers , as well as their tendency to define the world in terms of generations , which was a relatively new phenomenon . The baby boom has been described variously as a `` shockwave '' and as `` the pig in the python . ''   The term `` Generation Jones '' is sometimes used to describe those born between 1954 and 1965 . The term is typically used to refer to the later years of the Baby boomer cohort ( 1954-1960 ) and the early years of Generation X ( 1961-1965 ) .

neg: Timeline of Jackson, Mississippi The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Jackson , Mississippi , USA .

neg: Victory Tour (The Jacksons tour) The Victory Tour was a concert tour of the United States and Canada by Michael Jackson and The Jackson family between July and December 1984 . It was the first and only tour with all six Jackson brothers ( even though Jackie was injured for most of the tour ) . The group performed 55 concerts to an audience of approximately 2 million . Most came to see Michael , whose album Thriller was dominating the popular music world at the time . Many consider it to be his Thriller tour , with most of the songs on the set list coming off of his Off the Wall album and from the Thriller album . The tour reportedly grossed approximately $ 75 million ( US$ in dollars ) and set a new record for the highest grossing tour . It showcased Michael 's single decorated glove , black sequined jacket and moonwalk .   Despite its focus on Michael , it was named after the newly released Jacksons ' album Victory although none of the album 's songs were performed . Marlon confirmed this was because Michael refused to rehearse or perform them ; in fact , he had only reluctantly joined his brothers , who needed the income while he himself did not . On the tour , tensions between Michael and his brothers increased to the point that he announced at the final show that it would be the last time they would perform together , ending plans for a European leg .   The Jacksons did make money from the tour , along with promoter Don King . Michael donated his share to several charities as he had promised before it , but the rancour between him and his brothers had a deep and lasting effect on the Jacksons as a family , alienating him from them for most of his later life and it effectively ended the Jacksons as a performing group . The tour was also a financial disaster for promoter Chuck Sullivan , who along with his father Billy was eventually forced to sell the New England Patriots football team they owned , along with Foxboro Stadium , the team 's home field , as a result of the losses he incurred .

neg: Michael Jackson's Vision Michael Jackson 's Vision is a deluxe DVD box set by American recording artist Michael Jackson . It was released on November 22 , 2010 by Epic Records , Legacy Recordings , and Jackson 's own label , MJJ Productions . It includes three DVDs , featuring 4.5 hours of content of 42 music videos with newly restored color and remastered audio . Jackson referred to each of these productions as a `` short film '' and not a music video . This is the first time that all of Jackson 's videos have been released on DVD . According to a statement by the producers , the video recognizes Jackson 's `` pioneering short films that transformed the entertainment industry with timeless , pop culture classics '' .   Disc one features videos from the albums Off the Wall , Thriller and Bad and disc two features videos from the albums Dangerous , HIStory : Past , Present and Future , Book I , Blood on the Dance Floor : HIStory in the Mix and Invincible . The third disc , which is a bonus disc , features seven videos . Michael Jackson 's Vision includes the full-length versions of the John Landis-directed `` Thriller '' and `` Black or White '' as well as the classic `` Bad '' directed by Academy Award winning filmmaker Martin Scorsese . Also included in the boxed set are Jackson 's collaborations with other noted film directors such as John Singleton , Spike Lee and David Fincher as well as `` Ghosts , '' his rarely seen collaboration with special effects legend Stan Winston . Michael Jackson 's Vision is available in a limited edition boxed set featuring a 60-page glossy hard-bound book that includes behind-the-scenes photos from Jackson 's videos , which includes information for each video including : songwriter , album , director , production date , location and photography .   Ten music videos previously unavailable on DVD including `` One More Chance '' are included . It was also released on the iTunes Store and has iTunes LP features . The videos `` Smooth Criminal '' , `` Speed Demon '' , `` Come Together '' , and `` Leave Me Alone '' come from Jackson 's 1988 film Moonwalker . The `` Smooth Criminal '' segment is actually over 40 minutes long but only the 10-minute song and dance scene is featured . The video `` Another Part of Me '' is from Jackson 's Bad World Tour and `` Will You Be There '' is from the Dangerous World Tour .   The `` HIStory '' video is the only short film that is not included in this box set . The original music video of `` Blood on the Dance Floor '' is replaced with the Refugee Camp Mix for unknown reasons . The videos for The Jacksons ' songs `` Torture '' and `` Body '' are also not included , because Michael did not appear in either of them , despite having a verse in each of them . Also not included is the music video for The Jacksons ' `` 2300 Jackson Street '' .   On February 15 , 2011 , Michael Jackson 's Vision was certified 5 × Platinum by RIAA for the sales of over 0.5 million units in the United States . On December 31 , 2010 , it was also certified Diamond in France ( for the sales of over 60 000 units ) and 2 × Platinum in Australia . On May 29 , 2011 , it was also certified Gold in New Zealand . It has been also certified Gold in Austria and Platinum in Poland .   Reception over the video and audio quality of the box set has been mixed . As the videos are played in 16:9 , videos with a 4:3 aspect ratio are pillarboxed and as a result the resolution is lower than some previous DVDs . Also , the audio is mixed in PCM stereo instead of 5.1 Surround as in many previous DVDs .

neg: 1950s American automobile culture 1950s American automobile culture has had an enduring influence on the culture of the United States , as reflected in popular music , major trends from the 1950s and mainstream acceptance of the `` hot rod '' culture . The American manufacturing economy switched from producing war-related items to consumer goods at the end of World War II , and by the end of the 1950s , one in six working Americans were employed either directly or indirectly in the automotive industry . The United States became the world 's largest manufacturer of automobiles , and Henry Ford 's goal of 30 years earlier -- that any man with a good job should be able to afford an automobile -- was achieved . A new generation of service businesses focusing on customers with their automobiles sprang up during the decade , including drive-through or drive-in restaurants and more drive-in theaters ( cinemas ) .   The decade began with 25 million registered automobiles on the road , most of which predated World War II and were in poor condition ; no automobiles or parts were produced during the war owing to rationing and restrictions . By 1950 , most factories had made the transition to a consumer-based economy , and more than 8 million cars were produced that year alone . By 1958 , there were more than 67 million cars registered in the United States , more than twice the number at the start of the decade .   As part of the U.S. national defenses , to support military transport , the National Highway System was expanded with Interstate highways , beginning in 1955 , across many parts of the United States . The wider , multi-lane highways allowed traffic to move at faster speeds , with few or no stoplights on the way . The wide-open spaces along the highways became a basis for numerous billboards showing advertisements .   The dawning of the Space Age and Space Race were reflected in contemporary American automotive styling . Large tailfins , flowing designs reminiscent of rockets , and radio antennas that imitated Sputnik 1 were common , owing to the efforts of design pioneers such as Harley Earl .

neg: Jackson Barnett Jackson Barnett ( 1 January 1856 -- 29 May 1934 ) was an Oklahoma landowner of the Muscogee or Creek people , who became known as `` the world 's richest Indian '' when oil wells on his land produced as much as $ 24 million worth of oil starting in 1912 . Barnett 's 12.5 % royalty share was worth between $ 3 million and $ 4 million , but due to Barnett 's illiteracy and a court finding that Barnett was legally incompetent from a head injury , his money was administered by the Creek County courts and the U.S. Department of the Interior until 1920 .   Jackson was the son of a mixed Creek farmer , Siah Barnett , and a Creek woman named Thlesothle . Orphaned at an early age , he was raised by his mother 's relatives . He suffered a head injury after falling from a horse as a young man . As a result of the Curtis Act of 1898 , Barnett received title to 160 acre in Creek County in 1903 , but the land was administered in trust by the Department of the Interior . During the same decade , Barnett was a supporter of the Crazy Snake Rebellion .   With the discovery of oil on Barnett 's lands in 1912 , a series of court actions by interested parties litigated the control of Barnett 's trust . Barnett was declared incompetent and denied access to his affairs simply because he only spoke the Muscogee Creek language and not English . Barnett was permitted a modest income and was installed in a house near Henryetta . In 1919 the courts allowed the diversion of money from Barnett 's trust to the construction of the `` Jackson Barnett Hospital '' in Henryetta . In 1920 Barnett , then in his seventies , married Anna Laura Lowe ( 1881-1952 ) , a fortune hunter whom he had met only once before . The couple had to marry in Kansas after a marriage license was denied in Oklahoma . Barnett 's guardians were unable to annul the marriage and the hospital plans were never pursued . Instead , the trust was divided between Anna Barnett and Bacone Indian College .   The Barnetts moved to Los Angeles and bought a mansion on Wilshire Boulevard , where Jackson passed his time directing traffic at a nearby intersection . Legal actions continued from 1923 to 1929 , which provoked congressional hearings on the role of the Bureau of Indian Affairs in establishing and administering the Barnett trust and others like it . The hearings led to criticism of BIA administrator Charles H. Burke 's actions , and during the 1930s , to the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 . In 1927 Barnett v. Equitable again proclaimed Jackson Barnett incompetent in federal court . In March 1934 another federal ruling annulled the Barnetts ' marriage and Anna Barnett 's rights to Jackson 's trust on the grounds that Jackson had been `` kidnapped '' by a woman of suspect moral character , but allowed Anna to act as Jackson 's caretaker . Jackson Barnett died on 29 May 1934 of natural causes : allegations that Anna had poisoned him were found to be false .   Anna was finally evicted from the Wilshire Boulevard residence after four years , even though she had gained significant support from Los Angeles society , including Los Angeles District Attorney Burton Fitts and California Governor Frank Merriam . Anna had to be tear-gassed after she threw a hatchet during the eviction , and lived the remainder of her life with a daughter while unsuccessfully attempting to regain a share of the Barnett estate , which amounted to $ 3.5 million in 1934 ( $ 55.4 million estimated value in 2012 dollars ) . In 1982 the Jackson Barnett No. 11 Oil Well , the most productive well on Barnett 's lands , was listed on the National Register of Historic Places .

neg: Joe Jackson Joe Jackson or Joseph Jackson may refer to :

neg: La Toya: Growing Up in the Jackson Family La Toya : Growing up in the Jackson Family is an autobiography written by American singer La Toya Jackson , and co-authored by celebrity biography author Patricia Romanowski . The book was originally released on February 7 , 1991 , around the same time as Jackson 's seventh studio album No Relations .   In this autobiography , Jackson accuses her father , Joseph , of child abuse , and goes into detail on the personal lives of her superstar siblings Michael and Janet as well as Jermaine , Randy , Tito , and Rebbie Jackson 's struggle under the spotlight . The Jackson family denied all of her allegations .   At the time the book was written , Jackson was married to her reportedly abusive manager Jack Gordon , who she now accuses of inserting his own stories into her autobiography to embarrass her family and make her appear to be a `` drama queen '' .   Jackson reunited with her family in the late 1990s after leaving Gordon . On her interview with Larry King in 2003 she said that she respectfully accepted her father 's apologies for the way he treated her and her siblings as children . The autobiography was re-issued under various titles throughout the 1990s . The original hardcover edition spent several weeks atop the New York Times Bestseller List .   In the weeks leading up to the release of the book , Gordon ordered that the transcript be kept in a high-security vault out of fear that the Jackson family would attempt to sabotage the project .

neg: Sally Jackson Sally Jackson is an American scholar of argumentation , communication , and rhetoric . She is a professor of communication at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign .   Jackson earned all three of her degrees from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and has held faculty positions at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln ( 1979-1982 ) , Michigan State University ( 1982-1985 ) , University of Oklahoma ( 1985-1990 ) , and the University of Arizona ( 1991-2007 ) . At Arizona she also served in a series of administrative positions , including Vice Provost/Vice President for Learning and Information Technologies and Chief Information Officer . In 2007 she returned to the University of Illinois as a faculty member and Chief Information Officer of the campus . She resigned from the position of CIO in 2011 to protest administrative changes that she feared would harm the Urbana campus ' status as a world leader in information technology but remains a faculty member .   The central theme in Professor Jackson 's work has been communication design , with specific interests ranging from the natural design of argumentation to highly engineered systems for managing complex human activities . Her work has appeared in Communication Monographs , Communication Theory , Journal of the American Forensic Association , Quarterly Journal of Speech , and Argumentation , among other journals . She has written or co-authored three books .   Selected Works :  Aakhus , M. , & Jackson , S. ( 2005 ) . Technology , design , and interaction . In K. Fitch & R. E. Sanders ( Eds ) . , Handbook of Language and Social Interaction '' , ( pp. 411-436 ) . Malwah , NJ : Erlbaum .  Jackson , S. , & Brashers , D. E. ( 1994 ) . Random Factors in ANOVA , Quantitative Applications in the Social Sciences . Newbury Park , CA : Sage .  Jackson , S. , & Wolski , S. ( 2001 ) . Identification of and adaptation to students ' preinstructional beliefs in introductory communication research methods : Contributions of interactive web technology . Communication Education , 50 , 189-205 .  Eemeren , F. H. van , Grootendorst , R. , Jackson , S. , & Jacobs , S. ( 1993 ) . Reconstructing argumentative discourse . Tuscaloosa , AL : University of Alabama .  Jackson , S. ( 1992 ) . Message effects research : Principles of design and analysis '' . New York : Guilford .   Selected Awards Include :   from the National Communication Association :  Charles Woolbert Research Award , 1995  Golden Anniversary Monograph Award , 1981  Outstanding Scholarship Award , Language and Social Interaction Division , 2005   from the American Forensic Association :  Daniel Rohrer Memorial Research Award , 1993   from the International Society for the Study of Argumentation :  Distinguished Scholar Award , 1997

neg: Virgin Islands Americans Virgin Islands Americans are Americans from the U.S. Virgin Islands or British Virgin Islands who reside in the continental United States , or continental Americans of Virgin Islands heritage .   Persons born in the U.S. Virgin Islands are United States citizens , and as a result do not go through the legal immigration procedures a typical West Indies immigrant would . They are also , due to cultural affinities with the Anglophone Caribbean , U.S. Virgin Islanders in the U.S. are considered part of the Caribbean American immigrant community .   It is difficult to determine how many Virgin Islanders reside in the United States . According to the 2000 U.S. Census , there are 15,014 of U.S. Virgin Islands ancestry residing in the continental United States . However , a count of American residents with `` U.S. Virgin Islands ancestry '' excludes most U.S. Virgin Islands-born immigrants in the United States . Because of a high incidence of inter-Caribbean migration throughout the 1960s and 1970s , most native-born U.S. Virgin Islanders today are one or two generations removed from other Caribbean islands and would not necessarily define themselves as having `` U.S. Virgin Islands ancestry . '' For example , Tim Duncan is a St. Croix native with Anguillian ancestry .   The population of immigrants of British Virgin Islands origin in the United States is also difficult to determine , as they are not specifically counted in the U.S. Census , but grouped with other Caribbean British Overseas Territories as `` British West Indies . ''

neg: A Collection of Michael Jackson's Oldies A Collection of Michael Jackson 's Oldies is a compilation of the Motown Records released on December 8 , 1972 , with songs by Michael Jackson and The Jackson 5 that were made between 1969 and 1972 . It was only published in the United States .

neg: Jackson State University Jackson State University ( Jackson State or JSU ) is a historically Black college and university ( `` HBCU '' ) in Jackson , Mississippi , United States . It was founded during the Reconstruction era in 1877 in Natchez , Mississippi , as Natchez Seminary by the American Baptist Home Mission Society of New York City . The Society moved the school to the capital , Jackson , in 1882 , renaming it Jackson College . It developed its present campus in 1902 .   It became a state-supported public institution in 1940 . The university is a member of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund . Under the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education , Jackson State University is classified as a research university with high research activity . In the fall of 2015 , Jackson State University reached a student population of nearly 10,000 students , an increase of 11 % since Fall 2012 . The university ranked as the fourth-largest HBCU in the nation .

neg: Calvin Jackson (drummer) Calvin Jackson ( January 22 , 1961 , Holly Springs , Mississippi -- February 10 , 2015 , Senatobia , Mississippi ) was an American drummer from north Mississippi . He is considered an innovator in the Hill country blues style of drumming , having incorporated elements of the regional Fife and drum bands style in the blues band setting .   As a young teen he sang in the choir , and then joined the Jubilee Hummingbirds . At age 16 , Jackson was drumming with bluesman R. L. Burnside . Burnside 's daughter Linda had Jackson 's son 1978 , Cedric Burnside , and they would later marry . Jackson appeared in recordings of Burnside 's band , sometimes called The Sound Machine , starting in 1979 . Beside the traditional influence , David Evans credited him with bringing in the modern funk , RnB and soul influences of the band .   Later Jackson appeared on record with Junior Kimbrough ( including in the cult documentary , Deep Blues ) , Jessie Mae Hemphill , CeDell Davis , R. L. Boyce and Markus James He performed live with Lightnin ' Malcolm , Sean `` Bad '' Apple , and Little Joe Ayers .   In the mid 1990s he moved to the Netherlands to continue his musical career His son Cedric would take his place at Burnside 's drums . In 1999 he released the only album under his own name , Calvin Jackson & Mississippi Bound 's Goin ' Down South . Participating were Cass Ian ( vocals , guitar ) , Caret De Neeve ( double bass ) and Ludo `` lazy lew '' Beckers ( harmonica ) . The album was nominated for a Blues Music Award in the category of `` Best New Artist Debut '' .

neg: Jackie Jackson (album) Jackie Jackson is the self-titled debut album from Jackie Jackson , the eldest member of The Jackson 5 , released on Motown Records . It was arranged by Eddy Manson , Gene Page and The Corporation .   Released on October 14 , 1973 , the album suffered from a lack of promotion and did not chart . It was his only full-length solo release for more than 15 years and his only solo album with Motown .   `` Love Do n't Want to Leave '' has appeared on several Jackson 5 compilations ( including Anthology 76 , Anthology 86 and Soulsation ! ) , but the other tracks only appeared on the 33 rpm vinyl LP , which ranks among the more obscure releases in the Jackson family catalogue . The album features background vocals from the Jackson 5 on `` Did n't I ( Blow Your Mind This Time ) '' and the B-side opener `` Do I Owe '' .   `` Is It Him or Me '' was sampled by Nas for his song `` War '' on his Street 's Disciple album .

neg: Cultural impact of Elvis Presley Since the beginning of his career , Elvis Presley has had an extensive cultural impact . According to Rolling Stone , `` it was Elvis who made rock 'n' roll the international language of pop . '' Rolling Stone encyclopedia of Rock and Roll describes Presley as `` an American music giant of the 20th century who single-handedly changed the course of music and culture in the mid-1950s . '' His recordings , dance moves , attitude and clothing came to be seen as embodiments of rock and roll . His music was heavily influenced by African-American blues , Christian gospel , and Southern country . In a list of the greatest English language singers , as compiled by Q Magazine , Presley was ranked first , and second in the list of greatest singers of 20th century by BBC Radio .   Presley sang both hard driving rockabilly , rock and roll dance songs and ballads , laying a commercial foundation upon which other rock musicians would build their careers . African-American performers like Big Joe Turner , Wynonie Harris and Fats Domino came to national prominence after Presley 's acceptance among mass audiences of White American adults . Singers like Jerry Lee Lewis , the Everly Brothers , Chuck Berry , Bo Diddley , Little Richard , Buddy Holly , Johnny Cash , Roy Orbison and others immediately followed in his wake . John Lennon later observed , `` Before Elvis , there was nothing . ''   During the post-WWII economic boom of the 1950s , many parents were able to give their teenage children much higher weekly allowances , signaling a shift in the buying power and purchasing habits of American teens . During the 1940s bobby soxers had idolized Frank Sinatra , but the buyers of his records were mostly between the ages of eighteen and twenty-two . Presley triggered a lot of demand for his records by near-teens and early teens aged ten and up . Along with Presley 's `` ducktail '' haircut , the demand for black slacks and loose , open-necked shirts resulted in new lines of clothing for teenage boys whereas a girl might get a pink portable 45 rpm record player for her bedroom . Meanwhile , American teenagers began buying newly available portable transistor radios and listened to rock 'n' roll on them ( helping to propel that fledgling industry from an estimated 100,000 units sold in 1955 to 5,000,000 units by the end of 1958 ) . Teens were asserting more independence and Presley became a national symbol of their parents ' consternation .   Presley 's impact on the American youth consumer market was noted on the front page of The Wall Street Journal on December 31 , 1956 when business journalist Louis M. Kohlmeier wrote , `` Elvis Presley today is a business , '' and reported on the singer 's record and merchandise sales . Half a century later , historian Ian Brailsford ( University of Auckland , New Zealand ) commented , `` The phenomenal success of Elvis Presley in 1956 convinced many doubters of the financial opportunities existing in the youth market . ''

neg: J Is for Jackson 5 J Is for Jackson 5 is a compilation of music from The Jackson 5 . The album was released under Universal Motown 's `` Universal Music Family '' line , compiling hits suitable for children and their parents .


query: The Dark Knight featured Tom Hanks as the Joker.

pos: The Dark Knight (film) The Dark Knight is a 2008 superhero film directed , co-produced , and co-written by Christopher Nolan . Featuring the DC Comics character Batman , the film is the second part of Nolan 's The Dark Knight Trilogy and a sequel to 2005 's Batman Begins , starring an ensemble cast including Christian Bale , Michael Caine , Heath Ledger , Gary Oldman , Aaron Eckhart , Maggie Gyllenhaal and Morgan Freeman . In the film , Bruce Wayne/Batman ( Bale ) , James Gordon ( Oldman ) and Harvey Dent ( Eckhart ) form an alliance to dismantle organized crime in Gotham City , but are menaced by a criminal mastermind known as the Joker ( Ledger ) who seeks to undermine Batman 's influence and create chaos .   Nolan 's inspiration for the film was the Joker 's comic book debut in 1940 , the 1988 graphic novel The Killing Joke , and the 1996 series The Long Halloween , which retold Two-Face 's origin . The nickname `` the Dark Knight '' was first applied to Batman in Batman # 1 ( 1940 ) , in a story written by Bill Finger . The Dark Knight was filmed primarily in Chicago , as well as in several other locations in the United States , the United Kingdom , and Hong Kong . Nolan used IMAX 70 mm film cameras to film some sequences , including the Joker 's first appearance in the film . The film is dedicated to the memory of Ledger , who died on January 22 , 2008 , some months after the completed filming and six months before the film 's release , from a toxic combination of prescription drugs , leading to intense attention from the press and movie-going public . Warner Bros. initially created a viral marketing campaign for The Dark Knight , developing promotional websites and trailers highlighting screenshots of Ledger as the Joker .   A co-production of the United States and the United Kingdom , The Dark Knight was released on July 16 , 2008 in Australia , on July 18 , 2008 , in North America , and on July 25 , 2008 , in the United Kingdom . Considered by film critics to be one of the best films of the 2000s and one of the best superhero films ever , the film received highly positive reviews and set numerous records during its theatrical run . The Dark Knight appeared on more critics ' top ten lists ( 287 ) than any other film of 2008 with the exception of WALL-E , and more critics ( 77 ) named The Dark Knight the best film of 2008 than any other film released that year . With over $ 1 billion in revenue worldwide , it is the 29th-highest-grossing film of all time , unadjusted for inflation . The film received eight Academy Award nominations ; it won the award for Best Sound Editing and Ledger was posthumously awarded Best Supporting Actor . The Dark Knight Rises , the final film in the trilogy , was released on July 20 , 2012 .

neg: Dick Grayson Richard John `` Dick '' Grayson is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics , commonly in association with Batman . Created by Bob Kane and Bill Finger and illustrator Jerry Robinson , he first appeared in Detective Comics # 38 in April 1940 as the original incarnation of Robin . In Tales of the Teen Titans # 44 ( July 1984 ) the character retires his role as Robin and assumes the superhero persona of Nightwing , created by Marv Wolfman and artist George Pérez .   The youngest in a family of acrobats known as the `` Flying Graysons '' , Dick watches a mafia boss kill his parents in order to extort money from the circus that employed them . Batman ( Bruce Wayne ) takes him in as a legal ward ( retconned as an adopted son in some cases ) and the crime-fighting partner Robin . He is written by many authors as the first son of Batman . As well as being Batman 's crime-fighting partner , Dick establishes himself as the leader of the Teen Titans , a team of teenage superheroes . As a young man , he retires as Robin and takes on his own superhero identity to assert his independence , becoming Nightwing . As Nightwing , he continues to lead the Teen Titans and later the Outsiders . In the first volume of his eponymous series ( 1996 -- 2009 ) , he becomes the protector of Blüdhaven , Gotham 's economically troubled neighboring city , the locale the character is most closely associated with . He has also served stints protecting the streets of New York , Chicago and Gotham in other runs over the years .   Dick Grayson has taken on the identity of Batman on a few occasions . Following `` Batman : Knightfall '' , Grayson declines taking up the mantle of Batman while the original was recovering from a broken back as he feels Nightwing is a hero in his own right and not Batman 's understudy , but after the events of the Zero Hour miniseries later that year , he replaces Bruce Wayne as Batman , beginning in Robin # 0 ( 1994 ) and extending throughout the Batman : Prodigal storyline in 1995 . Dick again assumes the mantle following the events of `` Batman R.I.P. '' ( 2008 ) and Final Crisis ( 2008 -- 9 ) . As Batman , Dick moves to Gotham City following his mentor 's apparent death and partners with the fifth Robin , Damian Wayne . On Bruce 's return , both men maintained the Batman identity until 2011 , when Dick returned to the Nightwing identity with DC 's The New 52 continuity reboot . In a 2014 comic story , Dick is forced to abandon the Nightwing identity after being unmasked on TV and faking his death , setting up Tim Seeley 's Grayson comic book , Dick becomes Agent 37 , Batman 's mole in the nefarious spy organization Spyral . Following the conclusion of the Grayson series , and the restoration of his secret identity in the series ' final issue , Dick returns to being Nightwing as part of the DC Rebirth relaunch in 2016 .   Dick Grayson has appeared as Robin in several other media adaptations : the 1943 serial played by Douglas Croft , the 1949 serial played by Johnny Duncan , the 1966 -- 1968 live action Batman television series and its motion picture portrayed by Burt Ward , played by Chris O'Donnell in the 1995 film Batman Forever and its 1997 sequel Batman & Robin . Loren Lester voiced the character as Robin in Batman : The Animated Series and later as Nightwing 's first screen adaptation in The New Batman Adventures . In May 2011 , IGN ranked Dick Grayson # 11 on their list of the `` Top 100 Super Heroes of All Time '' . In 2013 , ComicsAlliance ranked Grayson as Nightwing as # 1 on their list of the `` 50 Sexiest Male Characters in Comics '' .

neg: Dark Streets Dark Streets is a 2008 film adaptation of the play by Glenn M. Stewart . Directed by Rachel Samuels ( The Suicide Club ) from a screenplay by Wallace King . The film stars Gabriel Mann ( The Bourne Supremacy ) , Bijou Phillips ( Choke ) , Izabella Miko ( Coyote Ugly ) , Elias Koteas ( The Thin Red Line ) Michael Fairman ( Thirteen Days ) and Toledo Diamond ( Don 's Plum ) . The film is produced by Andrea Balen ( American Night ) , Claus Clausen ( The Lucky Ones ) , Corina Danckwerts ( American Night ) and Glenn M. Stewart ( The Lucky Ones ) ; and executive produced by Steffen Aumueller ( The Lucky Ones ) . The film 's rich blues score is composed by George Acogny ( Blood Diamond ) , featuring B.B. King .

neg: Dark Descent Dark Descent is a 2002 film written and directed by Daniel Knauf .

neg: All Star DC Comics All Star was an imprint of ongoing comic book titles published by American company DC Comics that ran from 2005 to 2008 . DC has published two titles under the All-Star banner , featuring Batman and Superman .   The premise of the imprint was to partner DC Comics ' top tier characters with the most popular and acclaimed writers and artists . The creators had access to all elements in the characters ' histories to present their interpretation for a modern audience that have not read these DC characters ' comics previously , or had not seen them lately . The creative teams were not beholden to any previous and present continuities , and told stories that featured `` the most iconic versions of these characters '' .   The project had been compared to the Ultimate line of Marvel Comics , which was a successful attempt to re-introduce Marvel 's most popular characters to a new generation of readers by presenting new , updated versions unburdened by decades of plotlines . There were several differences between the two imprints , though . While the Ultimate titles have closely interrelated storylines , of the two All-Star series released , there has been no effort to make them conform to each other or indicate they exist in the same continuity . Another is that All-Star did not seek to introduce brand new versions of the characters so much as to present them in unhindered continuity . Robin 's origin was the only one `` rebooted '' in this imprint .   Some observers , and DC themselves , had pointed to the return of DC 's major film franchises as an impetus for All-Star . `` No one can doubt that some kind of continuity shedding is necessary with Superman and Batman coming to the big screens , '' the website Comicon.com wrote . `` Moviegoers entertained by these films would find the current comics storylines impenetrable '' .   With the end of Grant Morrison and Frank Quitely 's All-Star Superman and the rebranding of Frank Miller and Jim Lee 's All Star Batman and Robin as Dark Knight : Boy Wonder as well as the introduction of the DC : Earth One line of OGNs , the imprint is effectively defunct .

neg: Blonde Cobra Blonde Cobra is a 1963 short film directed by experimental filmmaker Ken Jacobs . Footage for the unique and at the time controversial film was shot by Bob Flieshner . Marc Siegel in the book 1001 Movies You Must See Before You Die states that the 33 minute film is `` generally considered to be one of the masterpieces of the New York underground film scene , and that it is a `` fascinating audio-visual testament to the tragicomic performance of the inimitable Jack Smith '' , who was a photographer and filmmaker and `` queer muse '' in New York avant-garde art in the 1960s and 1970s .   The film captures Smith wearing dresses and makeup , playing with dolls , and smoking marijuana . Paul Arthur writes that the film contains `` dizzying quasi-autobiographical rants '' which spin on sadism , and that like Jacobs ' Little Stabs At Happiness , it contains `` languid improvisations studded with the bare bones of narrative incident or , more accurately , its collapse '' . The film contains Smith droning and singing and wildly cooing and cackling in parts of the film . The `` lonely little boy '' episode about a little boy living in a large house with 10 rooms has been cited as being `` potentially repugnant to many viewers '' because of its exploration of sadism against children and childhood sexuality . In this episode the narrator confesses to have `` blown up the penis '' of a 7-year-old boy with a match . The film contains numerous other elements which were shocking at the time of release such as references to necrophilia , the use of the word `` cunt '' , the confession of a nun ( impersonated in a posh high-pitched voice by Smith ) to lesbianism , the holding of a giant would-be dildo , and a portrayal of tranvestites . The film features quotes such as `` Why shave when I ca n't think of a reason for living '' and `` life is a sad business '' , quoting Greta Garbo . `` Let 's Call the Whole Thing Off '' is then played , described as a `` burlesque rendering '' of Robert Siodmak 's 1944 film Cobra Woman . The last scene captures Smith stabbing a man in the chest . Hilary Radner and Moya Luckett consider the film to be a camp portrayal of Rose Hobart .

neg: Tom Quinn (Spooks) Tom Quinn is a fictional character in the BBC espionage television series Spooks ( called MI-5 in the United States ) , which follows the exploits of Section D , a counter-terrorism division of MI5 . He is portrayed by British actor Matthew Macfadyen . In the first two series , Tom is the chief of Section D . The character was in the first and second episode of the third series but was decommissioned as a result of sabotaging an operation .   Series creator David Wolstencroft believed that writing Tom was the most fun , yet hardest to work on . During the second series , the producers were unsure whether Macfadyen would return for the third ; because of this , Tom was originally killed in the second series finale . However , when Macfadyen decided to appear in the first two episodes of the third series , series writer Howard Brenton had to `` unkill him . '' Reaction towards the character by fans were positive , though critics were mixed about Macfadyen 's portrayal . Tom Quinn would later appear again as a cameo on the final episode of Spooks ; his brief return was met with generally positive reactions .

neg: Aaron Eckhart Aaron Edward Eckhart ( born March 12 , 1968 ) is an American film and stage actor . Born in Cupertino , California , he moved to the UK at age 13 , when his father relocated the family . Several years later , he began his acting career by performing in school plays , before moving to Sydney , Australia for his high school senior year . He left high school without graduating , but earned a diploma through an adult education course , and graduated from Brigham Young University ( BYU ) in 1994 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree in film . For much of the mid-1990s , he lived in New York City as a struggling , unemployed actor .   As an undergraduate at BYU , Eckhart met director and writer Neil LaBute , who cast him in several of his own original plays . Five years later Eckhart made a debut as an unctuous , sociopathic ladies ' man in LaBute 's black comedy film In the Company of Men ( 1997 ) . Under LaBute 's guidance he worked in the director 's films Your Friends & Neighbors ( 1998 ) , Nurse Betty ( 2000 ) , and Possession ( 2002 ) .   Eckhart gained wide recognition as George in Steven Soderbergh 's critically acclaimed film Erin Brockovich ( 2000 ) , and in 2006 received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Actor for his portrayal of Nick Naylor in Thank You for Smoking . Another mainstream breakout occurred in 2008 when he starred in the blockbuster Batman film The Dark Knight as District Attorney Harvey Dent . Other key roles include The Pledge ( 2001 ) , The Core ( 2003 ) , Rabbit Hole ( 2010 ) Battle : Los Angeles ( 2011 ) , Olympus Has Fallen ( 2013 ) , I , Frankenstein ( 2014 ) , Olympus '' ' sequel , London Has Fallen and Sully '' ( both 2016 ) .

neg: Back to Bataan Back to Bataan is a 1945 World War II war film directed by Edward Dmytryk and starring John Wayne and Anthony Quinn . It depicts events ( some fictionalized and some actual ) that took place after the Battle of Bataan ( 1941 -- 42 ) on the island of Luzon in the Philippines . The working title of the film was The Invisible Army .

neg: God of Thunder (2015 film) God of Thunder ( aka Dark Universe ) is a 2015 film .

neg: Gotham City Impostors Gotham City Impostors is a first-person shooter multiplayer-only video game set in the universe of DC Comics ' Batman . Developed by Monolith Productions and published by Warner Bros. . Interactive Entertainment , the downloadable game is played from the perspective of two teams each trying to kill the other : one with people dressed like Batman and the other with people dressed like his archenemy , The Joker .   Unlike other Batman games , Gotham City Impostors was not physically released . It was released on Xbox 360 via Xbox Live Arcade , PlayStation 3 via the PlayStation Network and Microsoft Windows via Games for Windows -- Live in February 2012 . The game was re-released on Microsoft Windows as a free-to-play title in August 30 , 2012 via Steam using Steamworks . The game is a six versus six first person shooter multiplayer game featuring customizable characters . Players take on the role of either amateur vigilantes ( the Bats ) or criminals ( the Jokerz ) . The game features a range of both traditional and imagined weapons .

neg: Austin Film Critics Association Awards 2008 4th AFCA Awards   Best Film :  The Dark Knight  The 4th Austin Film Critics Association Awards , honoring the best in filmmaking for 2008 , were announced on December 16 , 2008 .

neg: Dark Knight (nickname) The Dark Knight is the nickname of the superhero Batman who appears in American comic books published by DC Comics . Batman was first referred to by the nickname in Batman # 1 ( Spring 1940 ) , in a story written by Bill Finger .

neg: Darkman (video game) Darkman was developed by Ocean Software ( Painting By Numbers on the NES version ) and published by Ocean Software in 1991 . It was released for the ZX Spectrum , NES , Amstrad CPC and Commodore 64 . It was also ported to the Game Boy and Atari ST. The game 's plot is loosely based on the film of the same name .   In this side-scrolling platformer , the player controls Darkman , a superhero who can jump , kick and punch , as well as swing from a rope during action sequences between levels . In each level , Darkman disguises himself as the boss of the level , whom he must defeat before the time limit elapses . Tying into the plot of the film , Darkman wears masks of various gangsters who are responsible for his disfigurement , but his disguise dissolves after being exposed to sunlight for too long . The character changes into a different member of the evil gang in each level , taking on their attack moves as well as their face .   In-between levels , Darkman must photograph his quarry before he can make a mask of them . These scenes involve moving the cursor to take a picture of the gangster . The better the photo accuracy , the more time Darkman is granted to complete the subsequent level . The final level is the most faithful to the film , and takes place on a skyscraper under construction .

neg: Batman: Year Two `` Year Two '' is the title of a four-part story arc featuring Batman , written by Mike W. Barr and illustrated by Alan Davis , Paul Neary , Alfredo Alcala , Mark Farmer and Todd McFarlane . It originally appeared in the American comic book Detective Comics # 575-578 , published by DC Comics .   The story was initially a treatment by Barr titled `` Batman : 1980 '' , but it was released as `` Batman : Year Two '' following the success of Frank Miller 's `` Batman : Year One '' .   This story was collected as a trade paperback in 1990 . In 2002 , DC Comics published a second printing of the trade paperback , this time with the addition of the one-shot sequel , Batman : Full Circle included , with the new edition retitled as Batman : Year Two - Fear The Reaper . Elements of the story were incorporated into the animated film Batman : Mask of the Phantasm .

neg: Batman: Anarky Batman : Anarky is a 1999 trade paperback published by DC Comics . The book collects prominent appearances of Anarky , a comic book character created by Alan Grant and Norm Breyfogle . Although all of the collected stories were written by Alan Grant , various artists contributed to individual stories . Dual introductions were written by the creatorsboth of whom introduce the character and give insight into their role in Anarky 's creation and development .   Featured as an antagonist in various Batman comics during the '90s , stories based on the character were highly thematic , political , and philosophical in tone . The majority of the collected stories ( `` Anarky in Gotham City '' , `` Anarky : Tomorrow Belongs to Us '' , `` Anarky '' ) are influenced by the philosophy of anarchism , while the final story ( `` Metamorphosis '' ) is influenced by Frank R. Wallace . Although anti-statism is the overarching theme of the collection , other concepts are explored . Anarky 's characterization was expanded throughout the stories to present him first as a libertarian socialist and anarchist , and in the final story as a vehicle for explorations into atheism , rationalism , and bicameralism . Literary references are also utilized throughout the collected stories to stress the philosophical foundations of the character . The collection also tracks the character 's evolution from a petty , street-crime fighting vigilante , to a competent freedom fighter in opposition to powerful forces of evil .   Critics have positively received some of the stories within the collection , analyzing Anarky as a unique force for political commentary and discussion within DC Comics ' storytelling . However , the expansive growth of the character 's unique abilities and characterization has also fueled criticism as having overpowered the character beyond suspension of disbelief .

neg: Dark X-Men The Dark X-Men are a fictional team appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . They made their debut during the crossover between Dark Avengers and Uncanny X-Men written by Matt Fraction , as part of the broader Dark Reign storyline . Each member but Namor has been handpicked by then -- H.A.M.M.E.R. director Norman Osborn for his own criminal agenda .   The team was never officially called the `` Dark X-Men '' ( which was the name of the comics series , not the team ) . Instead , they were simply called the `` X-Men '' and were a government-sponsored team trying to take advantage of the name recognition of Charles Xavier 's X-Men , to which they had no official connection ( much like Osborn 's Avengers team was pretending to be the real Avengers ) .

neg: Batman: Mask of the Phantasm Batman : Mask of the Phantasm ( also known as Batman : The Animated Movie ) is a 1993 American animated neo-noir superhero mystery film feauring the DC Comics character Batman . Directed by Eric Radomski and Bruce Timm , it is based on the hit TV series Batman : The Animated Series and was distributed by Warner Bros. . Pictures . The film was written by Alan Burnett , Paul Dini , Martin Pasko and Michael Reaves and stars the vocal talents of Kevin Conroy , Mark Hamill and Efrem Zimbalist , Jr. ( all reprising their roles from The Animated Series ) , in addition to Dana Delany , Hart Bochner , Stacy Keach , and Abe Vigoda . It revolves around Batman attempting to apprehend a mysterious vigilante who 's murdering Gotham City 's crime bosses .   The film was originally thought of as a direct-to-video release . Warner Bros. ultimately decided for a theatrical release , giving the filmmakers a strenuous eight-month schedule . Mask of the Phantasm was released on December 25 , 1993 to widespread acclaim from critics , who praised the animation , voice performances , storyline and music , among others . However , due to the decision to release the film in theaters on such short notice , it failed at the box office .   After its release on home video , the film found cult success and over the years developed a cult following . The film 's success led to two direct-to-video standalone sequels , Batman & Mr. Freeze : SubZero in 1997 and Mystery of the Batwoman in 2003 . In recent years , many publications including Time , IGN and WhatCulture , have ranked it as one of the best Batman films ever made and among the best animated films ever made .

neg: Tom Hardy Edward Thomas Hardy  ( born 15 September 1977 ) is an English actor and producer . His motion picture debut was in Ridley Scott 's 2001 action film Black Hawk Down . Hardy 's other notable films include the science fiction film Star Trek : Nemesis ( 2002 ) , the crime film RocknRolla ( 2008 ) , biographical psychological drama Bronson ( 2008 ) , sports drama Warrior ( 2011 ) , Cold War espionage film Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy ( 2011 ) , crime drama Lawless ( 2012 ) , drama Locke ( 2013 ) , mobster film The Drop ( 2014 ) , and the biographical western thriller The Revenant ( 2015 ) , for which he received an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor . He portrayed `` Mad '' Max Rockatansky in the post-apocalyptic film Mad Max : Fury Road ( 2015 ) , and both of the Kray twins in the crime thriller Legend ( 2015 ) . He has appeared in three Christopher Nolan films : the science fiction thriller Inception ( 2010 ) , portrayed Bane in the superhero film The Dark Knight Rises ( 2012 ) , and the action-thriller Dunkirk ( 2017 ) based on the British evacuation in World War II .   Hardy 's television roles include the HBO war drama miniseries Band of Brothers ( 2001 ) , the BBC historical drama miniseries The Virgin Queen ( 2005 ) , ITV 's Wuthering Heights ( 2008 ) , the Sky 1 drama series The Take ( 2009 ) , and the BBC historical crime drama television series Peaky Blinders ( 2013 ) . He created , co-produced and took the lead in the eight-part historical fiction series Taboo ( 2017 ) on BBC One and FX .   Hardy has performed on both British and American stages . He was nominated for the Laurence Olivier Award for Most Promising Newcomer for his role as Skank in the 2003 production of In Arabia We 'd All Be Kings , and was awarded the 2003 London Evening Standard Theatre Award for Outstanding Newcomer for his performances in both In Arabia We 'd All be Kings and for his role as Luca in Blood . He starred in the 2007 production of The Man of Mode and received positive reviews for his role in the 2010 Philip Seymour Hoffman-directed play The Long Red Road .

neg: Smokey and the Bandit II Smokey and the Bandit II is a 1980 American action comedy film directed by Hal Needham , and stars Burt Reynolds , Sally Field , Jerry Reed , Jackie Gleason and Dom DeLuise . The film is the sequel to the 1977 film Smokey and the Bandit .   The film was originally released in the United Kingdom , New Zealand , Australia and several other , mainly Commonwealth countries as Smokey and the Bandit Ride Again . Early video releases and TV broadcasts also used this title , but in more recent years have reverted to the original U.S. title . It was followed by a sequel three years later , Smokey and the Bandit Part 3 ( 1983 ) , in which Reynolds appeared only in a brief cameo appearance , and Sally Field was absent completely .   The plot centers on Bo `` Bandit '' Darville ( Burt Reynolds ) and Cledus `` Snowman '' Snow ( Jerry Reed ) , transporting an elephant to the GOP National Convention , with Sheriff Buford T. Justice ( Jackie Gleason ) in hot pursuit once again .

neg: Army of Darkness (comics) Army of Darkness comics are based on the film of the same name published originally by Dark Horse Comics , and later by Dynamite Entertainment who initially published them through Devil 's Due Publishing .   The stories follow the adventures of the Evil Dead series , Ash Williams , and has included a number of crossovers with a wide variety of characters such as , Marvel Zombies , Darkman , Freddy Krueger , Jason Voorhees , Dracula , Xena , Danger Girl , and Re-Animator .


query: Judd Apatow has been nominated for Academy Awards.

pos: Judd Apatow Judd Apatow ( -LSB- ˈæpətaʊ -RSB- born December 6 , 1967 ) is an American film producer , writer , director , actor , and comedian . He is the founder of Apatow Productions , through which he produced and developed the television series Freaks and Geeks , Undeclared , Girls , Love , Crashing and directed the films The 40-Year-Old Virgin ( 2005 ) , Knocked Up ( 2007 ) , Funny People ( 2009 ) , This Is 40 ( 2012 ) , and Trainwreck ( 2015 ) .   Apatow 's work has won numerous awards including a Primetime Emmy Award ( for The Ben Stiller Show ) , a Hollywood Comedy Award , and an AFI Award for Bridesmaids ( 2011 ) . His films have also been nominated for Grammy Awards , PGA Awards , Golden Globe Awards , and Academy Awards .   Also known for producing hit films such as The Cable Guy ( 1996 ) , Anchorman : The Legend of Ron Burgundy ( 2004 ) , Talladega Nights : The Ballad of Ricky Bobby ( 2006 ) , Superbad ( 2007 ) , Forgetting Sarah Marshall ( 2008 ) , Step Brothers ( 2008 ) , Pineapple Express ( 2008 ) , Get Him to the Greek ( 2010 ) , Bridesmaids ( 2011 ) , The Five-Year Engagement ( 2012 ) , and Anchorman 2 : The Legend Continues ( 2013 ) .

neg: Producers Guild of America Award for Best Animated Motion Picture The Producers Guild of America Award for Outstanding Producer of Animated Theatrical Motion Pictures is an award annually given since 2005 .   Of all the 12 films awarded , 8 have gone on to win the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature .

neg: Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Comedy Series This is a list of winners and nominees of the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Comedy Series . This award and Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Drama Series replaced Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Series in 2003 .   As of 2015 , no show has won this award more than once except for The Office , which has won twice ( 2007 and 2013 ) .   In the following list , the first titles listed in gold and bold are the winners ; those not in gold are nominees , which are listed in alphabetical order . The years given are those in which the ceremonies took place :   __ TOC __

neg: List of actors nominated for two Academy Awards in the same year The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences has had occurrences of actors and actresses nominated for two different Academy Awards in acting categories in a single year , with the first instance in 1938 . Provided that they receive enough votes from the Academy in both categories to earn a nomination , there are no restrictions on actors being nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor and Best Supporting Actor or actresses being nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress and Best Supporting Actress in any given year . The sole rule with regard to multiple nominations is that an actor or actress can not receive multiple nominations for the same performance . This rule was introduced in 1944 after Barry Fitzgerald received a Best Actor nomination and a Best Supporting Actor nomination for his performance in Going My Way .   As of 2015 , 11 actors and actresses have been nominated for two different Academy Awards in the same year . The first of these actors and actresses was Fay Bainter , who received nominations for her performances in White Banners and Jezebel at the 11th Academy Awards . The most recent occurrence was during the 80th Academy Awards , in which Cate Blanchett received nominations for Elizabeth : The Golden Age and I 'm Not There . Seven of these actors and actresses received an Academy Award in one of the categories they were nominated in , and none have won two Academy Awards in the same year . Four did not receive an Academy Award in either category : Sigourney Weaver ( nominations for Gorillas in the Mist and Working Girl ) , Emma Thompson ( nominations for The Remains of the Day and In the Name of the Father ) , Julianne Moore ( nominations for Far from Heaven and The Hours ) , and Cate Blanchett ( nominations for Elizabeth : The Golden Age and I 'm Not There ) .

neg: American Film Institute The American Film Institute ( AFI ) is an American film organization that educates filmmakers and honors the heritage of the motion picture arts in the United States . AFI is supported by private funding and public membership .

neg: World Soundtrack Award – Public Choice The Public Choice Award for the Best Score of the Year is an award by the World Soundtrack Academy . Each year , the general public votes for the nominees and the award is presented at the annual World Soundtrack Awards . The category has existed since 2001 , but there was not a winner nor a vote for 2003 's ceremony .   In 2016 , the International Film Music Critics Association partnered with WSA in choosing the shortlist of nominees , selecting 30 scores representing the most outstanding works . The five nominees receiving the most votes became the final candidates for the award , with the winner announced at the awards gala .

neg: Laurence Olivier Award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role in a Musical The Laurence Olivier Award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role in a Musical is an annual award presented by The Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in commercial British theatre . The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976 , and , renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor Lord Olivier . The Olivier Awards are the most prestigious theatrical awards in the United Kingdom and are the UK equivalent of the Tony Awards .   Until 2015 , the Olivier Awards did not honour supporting musical performances separately and was therefore a unisex category , honouring both male and female actors . Starting with the 2015 ceremony , the awards have been separated into Best Actor in a Supporting Role in a Musical and Best Actress in a Supporting Role in a Musical

neg: List of Iraqi submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film Iraq has submitted films for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film since 2005 . The award is handed out annually by the United States Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences to a feature-length motion picture produced outside the United States that contains primarily non-English dialogue . It was not created until the 1956 Academy Awards , in which a competitive Academy Award of Merit , known as the Best Foreign Language Film Award , was created for non-English speaking films , and has been given annually since . As of 2016 , seven Iraqi films have been submitted for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film , and none of them have been accepted as nominees .

neg: List of submissions to the 66th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film The 66th Academy Awards , which were held on March 21 , 1994 , saw 35 countries submit films for competition in the Best Foreign Language Film category . The Academy had initially invited 57 countries to send their best films , and the submission deadline was set on November 22 , 1993 . While the rules were basically unchanged , the applications for the 66th Academy Awards included a new form requesting information about the nationalities of the film 's creative team , due to the controversy that had led to the disqualification of A Place in the World at the 65th Academy Awards .   The bolded titles were the five nominated films , which came from Hong Kong , Spain , Taiwan , the United Kingdom and Vietnam . It was the first time that the majority of the nominees in this category came from outside Europe ( it happened again in 1997 , 2006 and 2011 ) and is the only time when there have been three Asian nominees . Vietnam made history by becoming the only Southeast Asian country ever to be nominated in this category ( accurate as of 2013 ) . The prize was ultimately awarded to Spain for the romantic comedy , Belle Epoque .

neg: Academy Award for Best Animated Feature The Academy Awards are given each year by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS or the Academy ) for the best films and achievements of the previous year . The Academy Award for Best Animated Feature is given each year for animated films . An animated feature is defined by the Academy as a film with a running time of more than 40 minutes in which characters ' performances are created using a frame-by-frame technique , a significant number of the major characters are animated , and animation figures in no less than 75 percent of the running time . The Academy Award for Best Animated Feature was first given for films made in 2001 .   Through the 89th Academy Awards , presented in 2017 , Academy Award nominations in this category were made by the Academy 's animation section ; effective with the 2018 awards , all Academy members will be eligible to vote on nominations . The entire AMPAS membership has been eligible to choose the winner since the award 's inception . If there are sixteen or more films submitted for the category , the winner is voted from a shortlist of five films , which has happened six times , otherwise there will only be three films on the shortlist . Additionally , eight eligible animated features must have been theatrically released in Los Angeles County within the calendar year for this category to be activated .   Animated films can be nominated for other categories , but have rarely been so ; Beauty and the Beast ( 1991 ) was the first animated film ever nominated for Best Picture . Up ( 2009 ) and Toy Story 3 ( 2010 ) also received Best Picture nominations after the Academy expanded the number of nominees .   Waltz with Bashir ( 2008 ) is the only animated film ever nominated for Best Foreign Language Film ( though it did not receive a nomination for Best Animated Feature ) . The Nightmare Before Christmas ( 1993 ) and Kubo and the Two Strings ( 2016 ) are the only two animated films to ever be nominated for Best Visual Effects .

neg: BAFTA Award for Best Film The BAFTA Award for Best Film is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . It has been given since the 1st BAFTA Awards , representing the best films of 1947 , but until 1969 it was called the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source . It is possible for films from any country to be nominated , although British films are also recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best British Film and ( since 1983 ) foreign-language films in BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language . As such , there have been multiple occasions of a film being nominated in two of these categories .   There has been one tie for the Best Film award when , in 1962 , Ballad of a Soldier tied with The Hustler for Best Film from any Source . Until 1981 , the award was given to the director , except in 1976 and 1977 , when it was given to the producers . From 1981 to 1985 , it was given solely to the producers , and then in 1986 , it was shared between the Director and Producer . In 1998 , it was once again given to only the producers .   In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .

neg: Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards 2014 The 20th Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards honoring the best in film for 2014 were announced on December 15 , 2014 . These awards `` recognizing extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association ( DFWFCA ) , based in the Dallas -- Fort Worth metroplex region of Texas . The organization , founded in 1990 , includes 30 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications based in north Texas . The Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association began presenting its annual awards list in 1993 .   Birdman was the DFWFCA 's most awarded film of 2014 , taking five top honors . Birdman won in Best Picture , Best Actor ( Michael Keaton ) , Best Director ( Alejandro G. Iñárritu ) , Best Cinematography ( Emmanuel Lubezki ) , and Best Screenplay ( Alejandro G. Iñárritu , Nicolás Giacobone , Alexander Dinelaris Jr. , and Armando Bo ) .   Another film , Boyhood , earned multiple 2014 honors from the DFWFCA . The coming-of-age tale received top honors in the Best Supporting Actress ( Patricia Arquette ) as well as being presented the Russell Smith Award as the `` best low-budget or cutting-edge independent film '' of the year . The award is named in honor of late Dallas Morning News film critic Russell Smith . Reese Witherspoon was named Best Actress for her role as Cheryl Strayed in Wild . The other films earning honors were Sweden 's Force Majeure for Best Foreign Language Film , Citizenfour as Best Documentary Film , and The Lego Movie for Best Animated Film .

neg: List of American films of 1999 A list of American films released in 1999 .   American Beauty won the Academy Award for Best Picture .

neg: 26th Academy Awards The 26th Academy Awards honored the best in films of 1953 .   The second national telecast of the Awards show drew an estimated 43 million viewers . Shirley Booth , appearing in a play in Philadelphia , presented the Best Actor award through a live broadcast cut-in , and privately received the winner 's name over the telephone from co-host Donald O'Connor . ( Actor Fredric March co-hosted from New York City . ) Gary Cooper filmed his presentation of the Best Actress award in advance on a set in Mexico , with O'Connor announcing the winner 's name .   All the major winners in this year were black-and-white films . The big winner was Fred Zinnemann 's From Here to Eternity , with thirteen nominations and eight awards including Best Picture , Best Supporting Actor , Best Supporting Actress , Best Director , Best Screenplay ( Daniel Taradash ) , Best Cinematography ( Burnett Guffey ) , Best Sound , and Best Film Editing . All five of its major actors and actresses were nominated , with secondary players Donna Reed and Frank Sinatra taking home Oscars . The candid film was based on James Jones ' controversial , best-selling novel about Army life on a Hawaiian ( Oahu ) military base just prior to the Pearl Harbor attack and World War II , illustrating the conflict between an individualistic private ( Montgomery Clift ) and rigid institutional authority ( exemplified by the Army ) . Its achievement of eight awards matched the then record held by Gone with the Wind ( 1939 ) . The record would be tied again the following year by On the Waterfront ( 1954 ) . Walt Disney won four awards , which remains the record for the most Oscars won in the same year .   William Holden 's speech for Best Actor for his role in Stalag 17 was simply `` Thank You '' , making it one of the shortest speeches ever ; the TV broadcast had a strict cutoff time which forced Holden 's quick remarks . The frustrated Holden personally paid for advertisements in the Hollywood trade publications to thank everyone he wanted to on Oscar night . He also remarked that he felt that either Burt Lancaster or Montgomery Clift should have won the Best Actor Oscar for From Here to Eternity , instead of him .

neg: 20th Satellite Awards The 20th Satellite Awards is an award ceremony honoring the year 's outstanding performers , films , and television shows , presented by the International Press Academy . It took place on February 21 , 2016 .   The nominations were announced on December 1 , 2015 . The film The Martian leads all nominees with nine , including Best Film .

neg: Academy Film Archive The Academy Film Archive is part of the Academy Foundation , established in 1944 with the purpose of organizing and overseeing the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ' educational and cultural activities , including the preservation of motion picture history . Although the current incarnation of the Academy Film Archive began in 1991 , the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences acquired its first film in 1929 . Located in Hollywood , California at the Pickford Center for Motion Picture Study , the Archive has a diverse range of moving image material . The Archive 's collection comprises 85,000 titles and 190,000 separate items , including early American cinema , a vast collection of documentary films , filmed and taped interviews , amateur and private home movies of Hollywood legends , makeup and sound test reels , and a wide selection of experimental film , as well as Academy Award-winning films , Academy Award-nominated films , and a complete collection of every Academy Awards show since 1949 . Since acquiring the Packard Humanities Institute Collection , the Archive has the world 's largest known trailer collection . The Archive is also concerned with the preservation and restoration of films , as well as new technologies and methods of preservation , restoring over 800 titles of historical and artistic importance .

neg: Breakthrough Performance Award The Breakthrough Performance Award is presented by the Academy of Science Fiction , Fantasy and Horror Films , in conjunction with their annual Saturn Award ceremony .

neg: 38th Saturn Awards The 38th Saturn Awards , honoring the best in science fiction , fantasy and horror film and television in 2011 , were held on July 26 , 2012 in Burbank , California . The awards are presented by the Academy of Science Fiction , Fantasy and Horror Films .   The six Best Film Award categories were respectively won by Rise of the Planet of the Apes ( Science Fiction ) , Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows -- Part 2 ( Fantasy ) , The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo ( Horror or Thriller ) , Mission : Impossible -- Ghost Protocol ( Action or Adventure ) , The Skin I Live In ( International ) and Puss in Boots ( Animated ) . Rise of the Planet of the Apes and Super 8 led the winners with three each .   In the television categories , Breaking Bad won three of its six nominations , including Best Syndicated/Cable Television Series . Fringe , The Walking Dead and Teen Wolf won the other Best Series Awards .   Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows -- Part 2 became the first Harry Potter film to win Best Fantasy Film , for which the seven previous Harry Potter films were nominated , and only the second film of the series to win a Saturn Award , following The Philosopher 's Stone which won Best Costume in 2001 . Mission : Impossible -- Ghost Protocol also became the first Mission : Impossible film to win Best Action or Adventure Film , following the nominations of the first and third installments .

neg: List of Puerto Rican submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film Puerto Rico is among the one-hundred countries that have submitted films for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film . The award is handed out annually by the United States Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences to a feature-length motion picture produced outside the United States that contains primarily non-English dialogue .   The Puerto Rican nominee is selected by the Corporación de Cine de Puerto Rico . However , the territory is no longer allowed to submit films due the Academy altering its rules to disqualify films from American protectorates .

neg: AACTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role The AACTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role is an award presented by the Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts ( AACTA ) , a non-profit organisation whose aim is to `` identify , award , promote and celebrate Australia 's greatest achievements in film and television . '' The award is presented at the annual AACTA Awards , which hands out accolades for achievements in feature films , television , documentaries and short films . From 1971 -- 2010 , the category was presented by the Australian Film Institute ( AFI ) , the Academy 's parent organisation , at the annual Australian Film Institute Awards ( known as the AFI Awards ) . When the AFI launched the Academy in 2011 , it changed the annual ceremony to the AACTA Awards , with the current award being a continuum of the AFI Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role .   It was presented as a special award , from 1971 -- 1975 , and was accompanied with a cash prize , before it became a competitive award from 1976 , onward . Judy Davis is the most nominated actress in this category , with five wins from eight nominations , most recently for her role in The Eye of the Storm ( 2011 ) .   Candidates for this award must be human and female , and can not be nominated for the same role in the supporting actress category .

neg: Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy The Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture -- Musical or Comedy has been awarded annually since 1952 by the Hollywood Foreign Press Association ( HFPA ) .