query: Ted Kaczynski grew up in a city.

pos: Ted Kaczynski Theodore John Kaczynski ( -LSB- kəˈzɪnski -RSB- born May 22 , 1942 ) , also known as the `` Unabomber '' , is an American serial killer , domestic terrorist , and self-professed anarchist . A mathematical prodigy , he abandoned a promising academic career in 1969 , then between 1978 and 1995 killed three people , and injured 23 others , in a nationwide bombing campaign targeting people involved with modern technology . In conjunction with this campaign he issued a wide-ranging social critique opposing industrialization and modern technology , and advancing a nature-centered form of anarchism .   Kaczynski was born and raised in Evergreen Park , Illinois . While growing up in Evergreen Park he was a child prodigy , excelling academically from an early age . Kaczynski was accepted into Harvard University at the age of 16 , where he earned an undergraduate degree . He subsequently earned a PhD in mathematics from the University of Michigan . He became an assistant professor at the University of California , Berkeley in 1967 at age 25 . He resigned two years later .   As a Harvard undergraduate , Kaczynski was among twenty-two students who were research subjects in ethically questionable experiments conducted by psychology professor Henry Murray from late 1959 to early 1962 .   In 1971 , he moved to a remote cabin without electricity or running water in Lincoln , Montana , where he lived as a recluse while learning survival skills in an attempt to become self-sufficient . Seventeen years after beginning his mail bomb campaign , Kaczynski sent a letter to The New York Times on April 24 , 1995 and promised `` to desist from terrorism '' if the Times or The Washington Post published his manifesto , Industrial Society and Its Future ( the `` Unabomber Manifesto '' ) , in which he argued that his bombings were extreme but necessary to attract attention to the erosion of human freedom necessitated by modern technologies requiring large-scale organization .   The Unabomber was the target of one of the Federal Bureau of Investigation 's costliest investigations . Before Kaczynski 's identity was known , the FBI used the title `` UNABOM '' ( UNiversity & Airline BOMber ) to refer to his case , which resulted in the media calling him the Unabomber . The FBI ( as well as Attorney General Janet Reno ) pushed for the publication of Kaczynski 's `` Manifesto '' , which led to his sister-in-law , and then his brother , recognizing Kaczynski 's style of writing and beliefs from the manifesto , and tipping off the FBI . Kaczynski tried unsuccessfully to dismiss his court-appointed lawyers because they wanted to plead insanity in order to avoid the death penalty , as Kaczynski did not believe he was insane . When it became clear that his pending trial would entail national television exposure for Kaczynski , the court entered a plea agreement , under which he pleaded guilty and was sentenced to life in prison with no possibility of parole . He has been designated a `` domestic terrorist '' by the FBI . Some anarcho-primitivist authors , such as John Zerzan and John Moore , have come to his defense , while also holding some reservations about his actions and ideas .

neg: Birmingham, Alabama Birmingham ( -LSB- ˈbɜrmɪŋhæm -RSB- ) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Alabama and the county seat of Jefferson County . The city 's population was 212,237 in the 2010 United States Census . In the 2010 US Census , the Birmingham-Hoover Metropolitan Statistical Area had a population of about 1,128,047 , which is approximately one-quarter of Alabama 's population .   Birmingham was founded in 1871 , during the post-Civil War Reconstruction period , through the merger of three pre-existing farm towns , notably , former Elyton . It was named for Birmingham , England , one of the UK 's major industrial cities . The Alabama city annexed smaller neighbors and developed as an industrial and railroad transportation center , based on mining , the new iron and steel industry , and railroading . Most of the original settlers who founded Birmingham were of English ancestry . The city was developed as a place where cheap , non-unionized , and African-American labor from rural Alabama could be employed in the city 's steel mills and blast furnaces , giving it a competitive advantage over unionized industrial cities in the Midwest and Northeast .   From its founding through the end of the 1960s , Birmingham was a primary industrial center of the southern United States . Its growth from 1881 through 1920 earned its nicknames as The Magic City and The Pittsburgh of the South . Its major industries were iron and steel production , plus a major component of the railroading industry . Rails and railroad cars were both manufactured in Birmingham . The two primary hubs of railroading in the Deep South have been nearby Atlanta and Birmingham , since the 1860s . The economy diversified in the latter half of the 20th century . Banking , telecommunications , transportation , electrical power transmission , medical care , college education , and insurance have become major economic activities . Birmingham ranks as one of the largest banking centers in the United States and as one of the most important business centers in the Southeast .   In higher education , Birmingham has been the location of the University of Alabama School of Medicine ( formerly the Medical College of Alabama ) and the University of Alabama School of Dentistry since 1947 . Since that time it has also gained the University of Alabama at Birmingham ( founded circa 1969 ) , one of three main campuses of the University of Alabama System . It is also home to three private institutions : Samford University , Birmingham-Southern College , and Miles College . In total , the Birmingham area has major colleges of medicine , dentistry , optometry , physical therapy , pharmacy , law , engineering , and nursing . The city has three of the state 's five law schools : Cumberland School of Law , Birmingham School of Law , and Miles Law School . Birmingham is also the headquarters of the Southwestern Athletic Conference , and Southeastern Conference , one of the major U.S. collegiate athletic conferences .

neg: List of cities and towns in Croatia An urbanized area in Croatia can gain the status of grad ( which can be translated as town or city as there is no distinction between the two terms in Croatian ) if it meets one of the following requirements :  is the center of a county ( županija ) , or  has more than 10,000 residents , or  is defined by an exception ( where the necessary historical , economic or geographic reasons exist )   A city ( town ) represents an urban , historical , natural , economic and social whole . The suburbs comprising an economic and social whole with the city , connected with it by daily migration movements and daily needs of the population of local significance , may also be included into the composition of a city as unit of local self-government .   Grad ( city/town ) is the local administrative equivalent of općina ( translated as `` municipality '' ) , with the only distinction being that the former usually comprise urban areas whereas the latter commonly consist of a group of villages . Note that both municipalities and city/towns often comprise more than one settlement , as the administrative territory of a grad may include suburban villages or hamlets near the city/town in question . Individual settlement ( or naselje in Croatian ) are the smallest statistical unit counted by the Croatian Bureau of Statistics but are not administrative entities , i.e. they are governed by the municipal or city/town council of the local administrative unit they belong to .   Croatian cities are administratively subdivided into `` city districts '' ( gradski kotari ) and/or `` local committee areas '' ( mjesni odbori ) with elected councils . The City of Zagreb , as the capital , not being part of any county , is subdivided into `` city districts '' / `` boroughs '' ( gradske četvrti ) and `` local committee areas '' ( mjesni odbori ) .   In 1991 there were 70 cities and towns and 419 municipalities in Croatia organized into 20 counties ( plus the city of Zagreb which is both a city and a county ) .  In 2001 there were 122 cities and towns ( excluding Zagreb ) and 423 municipalities . This was the territorial division used for the 2001 census .  In 2006 the latest revision was made , which listed a total of 127 cities and towns and 429 municipalities in Croatia . This division was used for the latest 2011 census .  In 2013 the municipality of Popovača was upgraded to town , bringing the total to 128 cities and towns and 428 municipalities .   According to the Constitution , the city of Zagreb , as the capital of Croatia , has a special status . As such , Zagreb performs self-governing public affairs of both city and county .

neg: House of Tyszkiewicz The Tyszkiewicz family ( Tyszkiewiczowie , singular : Tyszkiewicz , Тышкевічы , singular : Тышкевіч , Tiškevičiai , singular : Tiškevičius , Тишкевичі , singular : Тишкевич , Тышкевичи , singular : Тышкевич ) was a wealthy and influential Polish-Lithuanian magnate family of Ruthenian origin , with roots traced to the times of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania . They held the Polish coat of arms Leliwa . Their nobility was reaffirmed in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Russian Empire .   The family traces its roots to a 15th-century Ruthenian boyar Kalenyk Mishkovych and derives from the name of his son , Tysha with the addition of the patronymic , resulting in Tyszkiewicz-Kalenicki . A branch of the family germanised the name to Tischkowitz and a few members of this branch are still to be found in Germany and the UK .   Places named Tyszkiewicz Palace , `` former Tyszkiewicz Palace '' , Tiškevičiai Palace , and other historical properties of the family are located in Warsaw , Kraków and Vilnius , as well as in numerous towns of modern Poland , Belarus , Lithuania and Ukraine ( in Palanga , Kretinga , Lahojsk , Raudondvaris , Berdychiv , Biržai , Kavarskas , Deltuva , Trakai , Lentvaris , Seredžius , etc. . )

neg: Peekskill Downtown Historic District The Peekskill Downtown Historic District is a historic district located in the downtown section of Peekskill in the U.S. state of New York . It includes the 40 acre along Main , Division , South , Park , Bank , Brown , First and Esther streets , and Central and Union avenues , near where those streets intersect . There are 150 buildings and one object counted among its contributing resources .   Peekskill , originally a settlement along the shore of the Hudson River where farmers from inland Westchester County brought produce for transshipment to markets in New York City and elsewhere , began to grow inland in the early 19th century due to the intersection of two major roads that roughly corresponds to today 's Central and Division streets . The Albany Post Road , followed later by US 9 until its relocation to the Croton Expressway closer to the river , and the Danbury Turnpike , still followed by US 202 ( and , in the western part of the city and district , US 6 and NY 35 ) . Two houses in the district , in a typical Hudson Valley vernacular style , remain from this era .   Industrialization began changing downtown after 1830 , with brick buildings supporting that use replacing older wooden ones along Magregere 's Creek . Many of the district 's churches were built by the mid-19th century . Fashionable houses , later known as `` Doctor 's Row '' , were built on Main Street . In the 1880s the Moorish Revival tower was built on a structure in the center of town that has remained a landmark for passing travelers ever since . Other late Victorian styles made their mark as well .   In the 20th century , some more buildings were added in more modern contemporary styles , and the increasing use of the automobile affected downtown as well . The decline of retail shopping in the district led to urban renewal efforts in the 1960s and 70s . While some historic buildings were razed , the major urban renewal projects coincided with the eastern boundary of the downtown core , sparing most of it . The district was recognized and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2004 as a rare example of intact 19th-century Hudson Valley downtown architecture .

neg: Ukrainian Village, Chicago Ukrainian Village is a Chicago neighborhood located on the near west side of Chicago . Its boundaries are Division Street to the north , Grand Avenue to the south , Western Avenue to the west , and Damen Avenue to the east . It is one of the neighborhoods in the West Town community area .   By the 1930s , there were five Ukrainian parishes dotting Chicago 's neighborhoods , reflecting a wave of immigration of Ukrainian Catholics . Some churches are built in the Byzantine-Slavonic style of St. Nicholas Cathedral . Built between November 1913 and January 1915 , St. Nicholas is in the heart of the Ukrainian neighborhood south of Wicker Park and along Chicago Avenue , referred to by locals as Ukrainian Village .   This neighborhood , northwest of the Loop , was first settled by Polish and Slovak immigrants . With the rise of Ukrainian nationalism and the influx of political refugees during World War I , new immigrants gave it a Ukrainian cultural identity , which it retains .

neg: Theodore S. Weiss Theodore S. `` Ted '' Weiss ( September 17 , 1927 -- September 14 , 1992 ) was a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives from New York serving from 1977 until his death from heart failure in New York City in 1992 .   Weiss was born in Gáva , Hungary and emigrated to the United States in 1938 as his family fled the Nazi invasion of Hungary . He grew up in Perth Amboy , New Jersey . Weiss served in the United States Army from 1946 until 1947 . He graduated from Syracuse University in 1951 , earning a law degree from Syracuse University College of Law in 1952 . In 1953 , Weiss became a naturalized citizen of the United States . Between 1955 and 1959 , he served as assistant New York County , New York ( Manhattan ) district attorney , before leaving the position to return to private practice .   From 1962 until 1976 , Weiss was a member of the New York City Council . He was a delegate to the 1972 Democratic National Convention . Weiss was elected to Congress in 1976 , representing most of Manhattan 's West Side , and served from January 3 , 1977 , until his death . Weiss was known for his avid support of liberal causes , including civil rights , open government , and the arts . He served on the House Committee on Banking , Finance , and Urban Affairs , the House Committee on Government Operations , and the House Committee on Foreign Affairs . In 1985 Weiss headed a committee that found 90 percent of the twenty to thirty thousand new drugs used on farm animals had not been approved by the FDA in violation of the Federal Food , Drug , and Cosmetic Act . They also found that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) failed to remove several drugs already known to be carcinogens .   Weiss died three days before the state 's Democratic primary election . Due to the Congressman 's ailing health , five Democrats appeared on the ballot to challenge him . Nonetheless , Weiss posthumously won the primary by a huge margin . State Assemblyman Jerry Nadler was named to replace Weiss on the ballot and was handily elected in November ; Nadler still holds the seat .   The Ted Weiss Federal Building in Lower Manhattan , adjacent to the African Burial Ground National Monument , has been named in Weiss ' honor .

neg: New York City mayoral elections The Mayor of the City of New York is elected in early November every four years and takes office at the beginning of the following year . The city , which elects the mayor as its chief executive , consists of the five boroughs ( Manhattan , The Bronx , Brooklyn , Queens and Staten Island ) , which consolidated to form `` Greater '' New York on January 1 , 1898 .   The consolidated city 's first mayor , Robert A. Van Wyck , was elected with other municipal officers in November 1897 . Mayoral elections had previously been held since 1834 by the City of Brooklyn and the smaller , unconsolidated City of New York ( Manhattan , later expanded into the Bronx ) .   The current mayor , now in his first term , is Bill de Blasio . He was elected on November 5 , 2013 , to a four-year term that began on January 1 , 2014 .

neg: City-state A city-state is a sovereign state that consists of a city and its dependent territories . Historically , this included cities such as Rome , Athens , Carthage , and the Italian city-states during the Renaissance -- but today only a handful of sovereign city-states exist , with some disagreement as to which are city-states . A great deal of consensus exists that the term properly applies to Singapore , Monaco , and Vatican City .   A number of other small states share similar characteristics , and therefore are sometimes also cited as modern city-states . Namely , Qatar , Brunei , Kuwait , Bahrain , and Malta , which each have an urban center comprising a significant proportion of the population , though , all have several distinct settlements and a designated or de facto capital city . Occasionally , other small states with high population densities , such as San Marino , are also cited , despite lacking a large urban centre characteristic of traditional city-states .   Several non-sovereign cities enjoy a high degree of autonomy , and are sometimes considered city-states . Hong Kong and Macau , along with independent members of the United Arab Emirates , most notably Dubai and Abu Dhabi , are often cited as such .

neg: Richard L. Berkley Richard L. Berkley ( born Richard L. Berkowitz ; June 29 , 1931 ) served as mayor of Kansas City , Missouri , U.S. , from 1979 to 1991 .   Although Kansas City mayors do not officially have political affiliations , Mayor Berkley was the first Republican mayor of the city since the 1920s , and its most recent one as of 2015 . He was also the city 's first Jewish mayor and served longer than any other mayor in Kansas City history .   During his term he led the calls for a federal investigation into the Hyatt Regency walkway collapse in 1981 . More than 700 capital improvement projects occurred during his term , including a major expansion of Bartle Hall Convention Center and revitalization of the Quality Hill neighborhood .   Berkley received his undergraduate degree from Harvard University and an MBA from Harvard Business School in 1957 .   The Richard L. Berkley Riverfront Park on Front Street along the Missouri River near the Christopher `` Kit '' Bond Bridge ( I-35 ) is named for him .

neg: Beacon Hill, Seattle Beacon Hill is a hill and neighborhood in southeast Seattle , Washington . The municipal government subdivides it into North Beacon Hill , Mid-Beacon Hill , Holly Park , and South Beacon Hill , though most people who live there simply call it `` Beacon Hill . '' Former home to the world headquarters of Amazon.com and present home to the Seattle Division of the Department of Veterans Affairs ' Puget Sound Health Care System , the hill offers views of downtown , the Industrial District , Elliott Bay , First Hill , Rainier Valley , and , when the weather is good , Mount Rainier and the Olympic Mountains . It is roughly bounded on the west by Interstate 5 , on the north by Interstate 90 , on the east by Rainier Avenue South , Cheasty Boulevard South , and Martin Luther King Junior Way South , and on the south by the Seattle city boundary . It is part of Seattle 's South End . Homes on the northern part of the hill were mostly built in the early 1900s ; thus , North Beacon Hill contains many excellent examples of Craftsman bungalows and Seattle box houses , a local variant of the Foursquare style .   The American Planning Association ( APA ) , an organization of `` planners , citizens and elected officials - committed to making great communities happen '' , named Beacon Hill as one of the 30 Great Places in America . The features of Beacon Hill that constitute an APA Great Place include urban design and aesthetics , multi-modal transportation , a variety of uses within the neighborhood , sustainability , community participation and involvement , and memorable character . Beacon Hill was also recognized for having the largest Olmsted-planned green space in Seattle , known as Jefferson Park . The neighborhood is highly treasured by its businesses and residents , and the neighborhood is highly involved in local planning affairs such as open space , public safety , and transportation .   The Beacon Hill neighborhood prides itself on many fine foods and restaurants , a highly rated hair salon , the best live music venue , and a place for kids activities , all voted for as some of the `` Best of 2012 '' by Seattle Magazine ( online version not currently available ) . The City of Seattle , in partnership with Beacon BIKES , created the Beacon Hill Family Bicycle and Pedestrian Circulation Plan , a ten-year plan to increase pedestrian bicycle networks serving highly used greenways , intersections , and cycle tracts within the neighborhood as a measure to increase safety for all users . The plan was awarded the 2012 VISION 2040 Award from the Puget Sound Regional Council .   Beacon Hill is home to the `` Beacon Rocks ! '' performance series , beginning its 5th season in 2014 on the last Sunday of June , July and August . This event featuring a variety of types of performances is held on the Roberto Maestas Festival Street and produced by Beacon Hill 's neighborhood community arts group `` ROCKiT Community Arts '' .   Beacon Hill has recently become known for their Food Forest , a new project that has created neighborhood urban farming west of Jefferson Park . The Beacon Food Forest has gained national attention in the news , receiving recognition from the Associated Press , CBS , Gawker , and HLN , to name a few . A 2012 article in Seattle Weekly stated that Beacon Hill was soon to `` boast the biggest public food forest in the country '' with seven lush acres containing a community park and an edible landscape , including such plantings as walnuts , chestnuts , berry shrubs and vegetables . The idea started with a community-led group that secured $ 22,000 in Neighborhood Matching Funds from the Department of Neighborhoods .

neg: Downtown Oklahoma City Downtown Oklahoma City is located at the geographic center of the Oklahoma City metropolitan area and contains the principal , central business district of the region . The CBD has over 51,000 workers and over 12000000 sqft of leasable office space to-date . Downtown Oklahoma City is the legal , financial , economic , nightlife , and entertainment center of the region .   Downtown Oklahoma City consists of several urban districts that ring the Central Business District ; including the retail oriented A-Alley , the Arts District , the Bricktown Entertainment District , the Deep Deuce residential neighborhood , and the Flatiron District . Unofficial/new areas of downtown OKC include `` Lower Bricktown '' , MidTown urban neighborhood , SOSA ( South of Saint Anthony ` hospital ' ) , WestTown , Film Row urban district , Farmer 's Market , and the new Downtown South `` Core-2-Shore '' neighborhoods .

neg: Ciudad Evita Ciudad Evita ( Evita City ) is a city in La Matanza Partido , within the Greater Buenos Aires metro area . It currently has about 70,000 inhabitants , and is situated about 20 kilometers ( 13 mi ) from Downtown Buenos Aires and 6 kilometers ( 4 mi ) from Ministro Pistarini International Airport . The city has been declared a National Historic Monument of Argentina .   The city owes its name to the Eva Perón Foundation , which developed the initial settlement . Established in 1947 by Argentine President Juan Perón , his Decree No. 33221 stipulated that this new suburb of Buenos Aires be named after the namesake of the foundation , his wife Eva ( ' Evita ' ) Duarte de Perón . The city , whose original 15,000 homes were designed in a simplified Spanish Colonial Revival style favored during the Perón era , featured a layout purposely built in the shape of Eva 's profile , which seemingly waved to airline passengers from the nearby airport . This overt homage to the influential first lady prompted the city 's renaming as Ciudad General Belgrano following the military coup that deposed Perón in 1955 .   Despite these changes , the town , which was administered by the National Mortgage Bank following the coup , continued to grow , incorporating the Barrio Vemme ward between 1960 and 1967 . It was transferred to La Matanza Council in 1963 , and upon the return of Peronists to power in 1973 , it regained its Ciudad Evita designation . A second addition , Barrio Alas , was opened in 1974 for Argentine Air Force officers stationed at the Morón Air Base .   The March 1976 coup again led to a change of name for the town , to Ciudad General Martín Miguel de Güemes '' , until the return of democracy in 1983 . The city was chosen that year as the site of the Buenos Aires Temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints ( LDS Church ) , inaugurated in 1986 .   Ciudad Evita was declared a National Historical Monument in 1997 .

neg: Portage Park, Chicago Portage Park is located on the northwest side of the City of Chicago , Illinois and is one of 77 officially designated Chicago community areas . Portage Park is bordered by the community areas of Jefferson Park and Forest Glen to the north , Dunning and the suburb of Harwood Heights to the west , Irving Park to the east and Belmont-Cragin to the south .   The area is notable for its Six Corners outdoor shopping district , centered at the intersection of Irving Park Road , Cicero Avenue and the diagonal Milwaukee Avenue , the Portage Theater and for its namesake - Portage Park . The name of the park was taken from the major portage linking the Des Plaines and Chicago rivers along what is today Irving Park Road . The area was so swampy that in wet weather , Native Americans and trappers were easily able to paddle through the area in either direction without leaving their canoes . In those days , the Des Plaines was perhaps the most significant way to the Illinois , and then on to the Mississippi ( and to return ) .   Portage Park has the largest Polish community in the Chicago Metropolitan Area according to the 2000 census . Portage Park is home to the Polish American Association , the Polish Jesuit Millennium Center , the Polish Army Veterans Association in the beautiful building of the former Irving State bank , in addition to the multitude of Polish shops and businesses throughout the district . One of the area 's parks is named Chopin Park after Frédéric Chopin , Poland 's most famous pianist and composer .

neg: Kenwood, Chicago Kenwood , one of Chicago 's 77 community areas , is on the shore of Lake Michigan on the South Side of the city . Its boundaries are 43rd Street , 51st Street , Cottage Grove Avenue , and the lake . Kenwood was originally part of Hyde Park Township , which was annexed to the city of Chicago in 1889 . Kenwood was once one of Chicago 's most affluent neighborhoods , and it still has some of the largest single-family homes in the city . It contains two Chicago Landmark districts , Kenwood and North Kenwood . A large part of the southern half of the community area is in the Hyde Park-Kenwood Historic District . In recent years , Kenwood has received national attention as the home of U.S. President Barack Obama .

neg: Chicago Loop The Loop is the central business district of Chicago , Illinois . It is one of the city 's 77 designated community areas . The Loop is home to Chicago 's commercial core , City Hall , and the seat of Cook County . In the late nineteenth century , cable car turnarounds and prominent elevated railway encircled the area , giving the Loop its name .   The community area is bounded on the north by Lake Street on the west by Wells Street on the east by Wabash Street , and on the south by Van Buren Street . The Loop got its name by the loop of the elevated CTA El tracks that create a loop this area . although the commercial core has expanded into adjacent community areas . As a business center , some of the corporations the Loop hosts include the Chicago Mercantile Exchange ( CME ) , the world 's largest options and futures contracts open interest exchange ; the headquarters of United Continental Holdings , one of the world 's largest airlines ; AON ; Blue Cross Blue Shield ; Hyatt Hotels Corporation ; BorgWarner , and other major corporations . The Loop is home to 500 acre Grant Park ; State Street , which hosts a historic shopping district ; the Art Institute of Chicago ; several theaters ; and numerous subway and elevated rapid transit stations . Other institutions in the Loop include the Willis Tower , once the tallest building in the world , the Chicago Symphony Orchestra , the Lyric Opera of Chicago , the Goodman Theatre , the Joffrey Ballet , the central public Harold Washington Library , and the Chicago Cultural Center .   In what is now the Loop , on the south bank of the Chicago River , near today 's Michigan Avenue Bridge , the US Army erected Fort Dearborn in 1803 . It was the first settlement in the area sponsored by the United States . In 1908 , Chicago addresses were made uniform by naming the intersection of State Street and Madison Street in the Loop as the division point for designating addresses , North , South , East or West on the Chicago street grid .

neg: Oppenstein Brothers Memorial Park Oppenstein Brothers Memorial Park is an urban park located in the heart of Kansas City , Missouri 's , Central business district , located at the northeast corner of 12th and Walnut Streets . Some notable buildings in the surrounding area are One Kansas City Place , Town Pavilion , and the 1010 Grand Building . The park is often visited by businesspeople of the many surrounding buildings on lunch and coffee breaks .   Oppenstein Brothers Memorial Park was dedicated in 1981 and is named for the Oppenstein Brothers , who operated a retail jewelry business in Kansas City and were active in the community , and who are the namesakes of the Oppenstein Brothers Foundation , a Kansas City charitable organization established in 1975 . The park was formerly the home to the Rain Thicket Fountain by William Conrad Severson and Saunders Schultz . Also dedicated in 1981 , this was an abstract sculpture in a stylized tree-like form with wind-moved limbs which shot , dripped , and bubbled water , creating mists and rainbows .   The park was redesigned and rebuilt in 2006-2008 , with a rededication on April 18 , 2008 . This project was commissioned by the Art in the Loop Foundation , with design by Kansas City artist Laura DeAngelis and architect Dominique Davison . The new concept was named `` Celestial Flyways '' and was intended to celebrate the natural environment of the Kansas City area .   The centerpiece of the new design is an interactive anaphoric star disc , an astronomical machine based on the anaphoric clock of antiquity . It is probably the largest and most accurate anaphoric star disc ever made . Park visitors can rotate the star disk to a display the stars for a given date and time with a motor operated by buttons on the base .

neg: Underground city An underground city is a series of linked subterranean spaces that may provide a defensive refuge ; a place for living , working or shopping ; a transit system ; mausolea ; wine or storage cellars ; cisterns or drainage channels ; or several of these .   The term may also refer to a network of tunnels that connects buildings beneath street level that may house office blocks , shopping malls , metro stations , theatres , and other attractions . These passages can usually be accessed through the public space of any of the buildings connecting to them , and sometimes have separate entries as well . This latter definition encompasses many modern structures , whereas the former more generally covers tunnel systems from ancient times to the present day .   Underground cities are especially functional in cities with very cold or hot climates , because they permit activities to be comfortably accessible year round without regard to the weather . Underground cities are similar in nature to skyway systems and may include some buildings linked by skyways or above-ground corridors rather than underground .

neg: The Kansas City Star The Kansas City Star is a newspaper based in Kansas City , Missouri , in the United States . Published since 1880 , the paper is the recipient of eight Pulitzer Prizes . The Star is most notable for its influence on the career of President Harry Truman and as the newspaper where a young Ernest Hemingway honed his writing style . It was also central to government-mandated divestiture of radio and television outlets by newspaper concerns in the late 1950s .   `` Kansas City Star '' is also the name of a song by the musician Roger Miller , released in 1965 .

neg: City Parks Foundation The City Parks Foundation is the only independent , nonprofit organization to offer programs in parks throughout the five boroughs of New York City . The organization works in over 750 parks citywide , presenting a broad range of free arts , sports , and education programs . Founded in 1989 , it is one of the oldest and largest citywide parks organizations in the country .   Programs offered by City Parks Foundation include free performing arts festivals such as Central Park SummerStage and the Charlie Parker Jazz Festival , which take place annually each summer in parks across all five boroughs of New York City . Sports programs include free instruction for city youth with CityParks Tennis , CityParks Golf , CityParks Track & Field , and the first of its kind , Junior Golf Center located adjacent to the Dyker Beach Public Golf Course in Bay Ridge , Brooklyn , and CityParks Seniors Fitness .   CityParks Education offers several educational programs turning parks into classrooms , reaching over 7,000 students and community members and 500 teachers each year . Programs include Coastal Classroom , Green Girls , CityParks Productions , Learning Gardens , and Seeds to Trees .   In addition , City Parks Foundation partners with the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation to offer Partnerships for Parks , an organization that supports the activity of over 60,000 volunteers in parks each year .

neg: East Harlem East Harlem , also known as Spanish Harlem or El Barrio , is a neighborhood of Upper Manhattan , New York City roughly encompassing the area north of the Upper East Side and East 96th Street up to about the 140s , east of Fifth Avenue to the East and Harlem Rivers . It lies within Manhattan Community District 11 . Despite its name , it is generally not considered to be a part of Harlem .   The neighborhood is one of the largest predominantly Latino communities in New York City , mostly made up of Puerto Ricans , as well as sizeable numbers of Dominican , Cuban and Mexican immigrants . It includes the area formerly known as Italian Harlem , in which the remnants of a once predominantly Italian community remain . The Chinese population has increased dramatically in East Harlem since 2000 .   East Harlem has historically suffered from many social issues , such as the highest jobless rate in New York City , teenage pregnancy , AIDS , drug abuse , homelessness , and an asthma rate five times the national average . It has the second highest concentration of public housing in the United States , closely following Brownsville , Brooklyn . Police services to the neighborhood are divided between the 23rd and the 25th Precincts . Conversely , East Harlem is notable for its contributions to Latin freestyle and salsa music .   However , East Harlem is now undergoing some gentrification . In February 2016 , East Harlem was one of four neighborhoods featured in an article in The New York Times about `` New York 's Next Hot Neighborhoods '' . Beginning in 2016 , the New York City government was seeking to rezone East Harlem `` to facilitate new residential , commercial , community facility , and manufacturing development . ''


query: R. Kelly is incapable of being a musician.

pos: If I Could Turn Back the Hands of Time `` If I Could Turn Back the Hands of Time '' is a song by R. Kelly , released as the fifth single from his 1998 album , R. . The song is a sweeping ballad about a man wishing he could go back in time and repair his relationship with his girlfriend . The song was a top 10 hit on the pop charts of several countries , while in the United States it finished just outside the top 10 , peaking at number 12 .

pos: Trapped in the Closet Trapped in the Closet is a rap opera by American R&B singer R. Kelly , which currently consists of 33 `` chapters '' released from 2005 to 2012 . Written and produced by R. Kelly , the series tells a story of a one-night stand which sets off a chain of events , gradually revealing a greater web of lies , sex and deceit . The music follows a distinct E major pattern , and most chapters of the story feature the same melodic theme .

pos: Public Announcement Public Announcement is an American R&B group , which was formed in 1991 in Chicago , Illinois , United States . They teamed with singer R. Kelly for their collaboration album Born into the 90 's ( 1992 ) . The group is known for collection of R&B hit songs like `` She 's Got That Vibe '' , `` Honey Love '' , `` Slow Dance ( Hey Mr. DJ ) '' , `` Dedicated '' , `` Body Bumpin ' ( Yippie-Yi-Yo ) '' , and `` Mamacita '' .

pos: Gotham City (song) `` Gotham City '' is a song by R&B singer R. Kelly based on the fictional city of the same name . It was featured on the soundtrack to the film , Batman & Robin , and reached number nine on both the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 and Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs charts . The music video for the song was directed by Hype Williams . A remix version for the song was released with a video also directed by Williams .

pos: I Believe I Can Fly `` I Believe I Can Fly '' is a 1996 song written , produced and performed by American singer R. Kelly from the soundtrack to the 1996 film Space Jam . It was originally released on November 26 , 1996 , and was later included on Kelly 's 1998 album R. .   In early 1997 , `` I Believe I Can Fly '' reached number two on the Billboard Hot 100 ; it was kept from the number one spot by Toni Braxton 's `` Un-Break My Heart '' . Although Kelly has had two number one songs , `` I Believe I Can Fly '' is his most successful single . It also topped the charts in eight countries ( including the United Kingdom ) , has won three Grammy Awards , and was ranked number 406 on Rolling Stones list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time in 2004 . The music video was directed by Kelly with Hype Williams .

pos: R. Kelly Robert Sylvester Kelly ( born January 8 , 1967 ) , known professionally as R. Kelly , is an American singer , songwriter , record producer , and former professional basketball player . A native of Chicago , Illinois , Kelly began performing during the late 1980s and debuted in 1992 with the group Public Announcement . In 1993 , Kelly went solo with the album 12 Play . He is known for a collection of major hit singles including `` Bump N ' Grind '' , `` Your Body 's Callin ' '' , `` I Believe I Can Fly '' , `` Gotham City '' , `` Ignition ( Remix ) '' , `` If I Could Turn Back the Hands of Time '' , `` The World 's Greatest '' , `` I 'm a Flirt ( Remix ) '' , and the hip-hopera `` Trapped in the Closet '' . In 1998 , Kelly won three Grammy Awards for `` I Believe I Can Fly '' . His distinctive sound and style has influenced numerous hip hop and contemporary R&B artists . Kelly became the first musician to play professional basketball , when he was signed in 1997 .   Kelly has written , produced , and remixed songs and albums for many artists , including Aaliyah 's 1994 debut album Age Ai n't Nothing but a Number . In 1996 , Kelly was nominated for a Grammy for writing Michael Jackson 's song `` You Are Not Alone '' . In 2002 and 2004 , Kelly released collaboration albums with rapper Jay-Z and has been a guest vocalist for other hip hop artists like Nas , Sean Combs , and The Notorious B.I.G.   The Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) has recognized R. Kelly as one of the best-selling music artists in the United States with 40 million albums sold as well as only the fifth black artist to crack the top 50 of the same list . In March 2011 , R. Kelly was named the most successful R&B artist of the last 25 years by Billboard . Kelly has released 12 solo studio albums , and sold over 100 million records worldwide making him the most successful R&B male artist of the 1990s . He has been credited for helping redefine R&B and hip hop , earning the nicknames `` King of R&B '' and `` King of Pop-Soul '' . He is listed by Billboard as the most successful R&B / Hip Hop artist of the past 25 years ( 1985-2010 ) and also the most successful R&B artist in history . Throughout his career , Kelly has won numerous awards , including a Guinness World Records as well as countless of other awards like Grammy , BET , Soul Train , Billboard , NAACP and American Music Award .

pos: 12 Play 12 Play is the debut studio album by American R&B and soul musician R. Kelly ; it was released on November 9 , 1993 , by Jive Records . The album follows his tenure with R&B group Public Announcement , with whom he released one album , Born into the 90 's ( 1992 ) . It went on to top the R&B albums chart for nine weeks straight , while reaching the second position on the US Billboard 200 chart .   The album features the sexually-themed singles `` Bump n ' Grind '' ( US ; number 1 ) , `` Your Body 's Callin ' '' ( US ; number 13 ) , and the more overtly direct `` Sex Me , Pts . 1 & 2 '' ( US ; number 20 ) . The album serves as the first of a trilogy of albums Kelly later released under the `` 12 Play '' moniker including TP-2 . com ( 2000 ) and TP-3 : Reloaded ( 2005 ) . Since its initial mixed response from critics , 12 Play has received more favorable retrospective criticism . This album earned Kelly the title King of R&B .

neg: It's Your World (Jennifer Hudson song) `` It 's Your World '' is a song by American recording artist Jennifer Hudson featuring fellow singer R. Kelly , recorded for her third studio album JHUD ( 2014 ) . It was written by R. Kelly and produced by DJ Terry Hunter . Released worldwide on July 8 , 2014 as the album 's third single , Hudson sang it for the first time at BET Awards 2014 on June 29 , 2014 . No music video was made for the single . The song was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best R&B Performance .

neg: Unsigned artist An unsigned artist , unsigned band or independent artist is a musician or musical group not under a contract with a record label . The terms are used in the music industry as a marketing technique . Bands that release their own material on self-published CDs can also be considered unsigned bands . Often unsigned bands primarily exist to perform at concerts .   In more recent years , the Internet has helped promote the music of unsigned bands . Artists often post their music as MP3s on websites such as Bandcamp , SoundCloud , Myspace , PureVolume , GarageBand.com and SoundClick .   In 2016 , the Unsigned Music Awards was established in the UK as the first ever televised international awards ceremony to champion artists without the backing of a record label .   UK unsigned bands and musicians are able to use such services as The Unsigned Guide and to gather music industry contact names , phone numbers , websites and social media links , as well as information on how to get signed or market music independently .   Song pitching websites , such as TAXI allow unsigned musicians to see which record labels ( and other music companies ) are currently seeking new music .   Further , companies like Sentric Music and the royalty payment service offered by Last.fm can help in generating income streams for unsigned bands .

neg: Block Starz Music Block Starz Music is an American independent record label owned and operated by award-nominated writer , record executive , and film producer Bayer Mack . Its catalog includes independent releases by Machine Gun Kelly , Lega-C , Wiz Khalifa , Lisa `` Left Eye '' Lopes , Big Sean , Rhymefest and Ceddy Bu Rap Sumo .  The label also includes its subsidiaries such as the independent film and television production company Block Starz Music Television .

neg: Riptide (album) Riptide is the eighth solo studio album by the British singer Robert Palmer . It was originally released in November 1985 . The album was recorded over a period of three months in 1985 , at Compass Point Studios in Nassau , Bahamas . The album charted at number 8 in the US and No. 5 in the UK . It was certified double platinum in the US by the RIAA in March 1996 and certified gold in the UK by BPI in August 1986 . It featured the songs `` Addicted to Love '' , `` I Did n't Mean to Turn You On '' , `` Discipline of Love '' , and `` Riptide '' which were all released as singles . The single `` Addicted to Love '' was accompanied by a memorable and much-imitated music video , directed by Terence Donovan , in which Palmer is surrounded by a bevy of near-identically clad , heavily made-up ( and appropriately pouty ) female `` musicians , '' either mimicking or mocking the painting style of Patrick Nagel . In September 1986 , Palmer performed `` Addicted to Love '' at the 1986 MTV Video Music Awards in Los Angeles . In 1987 , he won the Grammy Award for Best Male Rock Vocal Performance for `` Addicted to Love '' . At the 1987 Brit Awards , Palmer received his first nomination for Best British Male .   Another single from Riptide , his cover of Cherrelle 's `` I Did n't Mean to Turn You On '' , also performed well ( US # 2 , UK # 9 ) . Another song , `` Trick Bag , '' was written by one of his major influences , New Orleans jazz artist Earl King .   For the album , Palmer collaborated with two former members from The Power Station , guitarist Andy Taylor and drummer Tony Thompson . The Power Station 's producer Bernard Edwards also played bass and produced the album . The album also features contributions from American Singer-songwriter Chaka Khan , Level 42 's keyboardist Wally Badarou , and session musicians Guy Pratt , Jeff Bova , Eddie Martinez , and Jack Waldman ( who died a year after the album 's release ) .

neg: Soldier's Heart (song) `` Soldier 's Heart '' is a 2001 song by R. Kelly . The song , written and produced by Kelly himself , is a tribute to the soldiers in America . It appeared on some European releases of `` The World 's Greatest '' as a B-side . The song was later released as a single in 2003 and appeared on Second official compilation album called My Diary released in 2005 , renamed `` Front Line '' . Kelly donated all the proceeds from this song to the families of the American Soldiers . The song peaked at number 80 on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart .

neg: Ryan Kelly (singer) Ryan John Kelly is an Irish singer .

neg: Green Day discography The American punk rock band Green Day has released 12 studio albums , two live albums , four compilation albums , one soundtrack album , four video albums , 10 extended plays , four box sets , 42 singles , ten promotional singles , and 39 music videos . The band has sold over 85 million records worldwide , including more than 30 million in the United States alone . Green Day released their first two studio albums , 1,039 / Smoothed Out Slappy Hours ( 1991 ) ( consisting of the original `` 39/Smooth '' as well as their first two EP 's `` 1,000 Hours '' and `` Slappy '' ) and Kerplunk ( 1991 ) , through the independent label Lookout ! Records before signing to major label Reprise Records . Dookie , the band 's first album on the label and third studio album overall , was released in February 1994 . It was a breakout success , selling over 10 million copies in the United States and 20 million copies worldwide . Dookie spawned five singles , including the international hits `` Longview '' , Basket Case '' and `` When I Come Around '' . The album placed Green Day at the forefront of the 1990s punk rock revival .   Insomniac , the band 's fourth studio album , was released in October 1995 . While not as successful as Dookie , the album managed to peak at number two on the US Billboard 200 and received a double platinum certification from the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) . Nimrod followed in October 1997 ; it peaked at number ten on the Billboard 200 . Four singles were released from Nimrod ; the most successful of these was `` Good Riddance ( Time of Your Life ) '' , which hit the top ten in countries such as Australia and Canada . The band 's sixth studio album Warning was released in October 2000 to mild commercial success , peaking at number four on the Billboard 200 and only earning a gold certification from the RIAA .   Their seventh studio album American Idiot reignited the band 's popularity with a younger generation . Becoming the band 's first album to top the Billboard 200 , American Idiot sold over six million copies in the United States , and over 14 million copies worldwide . The album spawned five commercially successful singles : `` American Idiot '' , `` Boulevard of Broken Dreams '' , `` Holiday '' , `` Wake Me Up When September Ends '' , and `` Jesus of Suburbia '' . The band 's eighth studio album 21st Century Breakdown followed in May 2009 , topping the Billboard 200 and being certified platinum by the RIAA . Two singles from the album -- `` Know Your Enemy '' and `` 21 Guns '' -- became top 40 hits on the US Billboard Hot 100 . A trilogy of studio albums -- ¡ Uno ! , ¡ Dos ! , and ¡ Tré ! -- were released toward the end of 2012 . ¡ Uno ! , ¡ Dos ! and ¡ Tré ! peaked at numbers two , nine and thirteen respectively on the Billboard 200 . In 2016 , another studio album , Revolution Radio was released and topped the Billboard 200 .

neg: Mark Kelly (bassist) Mark Dean Kelly ( born June 28 , 1956 ) is a Christian bass guitarist most remembered for being a member of Petra during the 1980s . Kelly joined Petra in 1981 and recorded seven albums with them before retiring in 1987 , being replaced by Ronny Cates .   In 2000 , he assisted with his former bandmates and current Petra band members to the band 's induction in the Gospel Music Hall of Fame .   In 2010 , an incarnation of the band was formed under the name of `` Classic Petra '' , featuring some band members from the 80 . They announced the `` Back to the Rock World Tour '' , starting October 15 , 2010 and released Back to the Rock on November 13 , 2010 .

neg: Grammy Award for Best New Artist The Grammy Award for Best New Artist has been awarded since 1959 . Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were handed out , for records released in the previous year . The award was not presented in 1967 . The official guidelines are as follows : `` For a new artist who releases , during the Eligibility Year , the first recording which establishes the public identity of that artist . '' Note that this is not necessarily the first album released by an artist .   It is sometimes asserted , with varying degrees of sincerity , that winning the award is a curse , as several award winners ( particularly from the late 1970s and early 1980s ) were never able to duplicate the success they experienced in their debut year . This viewpoint was expressed by former Starland Vocal Band member Taffy Danoff in a 2002 interview for VH1 's 100 Greatest One Hit Wonders : `` We got two of the five Grammys -- one was Best New Artist . So that was basically the kiss of death and I feel sorry for everyone who 's gotten it since . ''   The category is also notable for being the only one of its kind in which a Grammy Award was vacated . This occurred in 1990 after it was revealed winners Milli Vanilli did not contribute their own vocals on their debut album . The award was revoked , but was not handed out to another artist .   Of the 54 awards presented in the category since its inception , the honor has been presented to 25 solo female artists , 18 duos or groups , and 11 solo male artists . Between 1997 and 2003 , all the winners were solo female artists . Also , from 1993 to 2005 , no winner was a solo male artist . In 2006 , John Legend broke this trend , which started with Marc Cohn in 1992 . Only four artists have won both Best New Artist and Album of the Year in the same year : Bob Newhart in 1961 , Christopher Cross in 1981 , Lauryn Hill in 1999 and Norah Jones in 2003 .   Of all the winners , only three have been country artists . In 1997 , LeAnn Rimes became the first country artist to win the award . She was followed by Carrie Underwood in 2007 and Zac Brown Band in 2010 . Additionally , 2017 marked the first time that two country artists were nominated in this category in the same year .   1984 marked the first time that all of the nominees were from outside of the United States ( Winner Culture Club , Eurythmics , and Musical Youth were from England , Big Country was from Scotland , and Men Without Hats were from Canada ) .

neg: Heavy metal lyrics Heavy metal lyrics are the words used in songs by heavy metal music bands , groups and artists . Given that there are many genres of heavy metal , it is difficult to make generalizations about the lyrics and lyrical themes . In 1989 , two metal scholars wrote that heavy metal lyrics concentrate `` on dark and depressing subject matter to an extent hitherto unprecedented '' in any form of popular music . Jeffrey Arnett states that metal songs are `` overwhelmingly dominated '' by `` ugly and unhappy '' themes which express `` no hope '' for the future . Deena Weinstein has proposed one way to analyze metal song themes is loosely grouping them into two categories : the Dionysian theme ( a reference to the Roman God of wine ) , which celebrates `` sex , drugs and rock and roll '' , partying , and enjoyment of life and the Chaotic theme , which involves dark subjects such as Hell , injustice , mayhem , carnage and death . Not all metal genres fall into Weinstein 's two theme model ; for example power metal 's lyrical themes often focus on fantasy and mythology , camaraderie and hope , personal struggles and emotions , among other themes . Another exception is pop metal bands , which replaced `` gloom and doom '' themes with `` positive , upbeat '' songs about romantic love and relationships , part of their goal of appealing more to female listeners . In metal overall , the small number of metal songs about relationships are typically about unions that have `` gone sour '' long ago .   The thematic content of heavy metal lyrics has long been a target of criticism . According to Jon Pareles , `` Heavy metal 's main subject matter is simple and virtually universal . With grunts , moans and subliterary lyrics , it celebrates ... a party without limits ... -LSB- T -RSB- he bulk of the music is stylized and formulaic . '' Music critics have often deemed metal lyrics juvenile and banal , and others have objected to what they see as advocacy of misogyny and the occult . During the 1980s , the Parents Music Resource Center ( PMRC ) petitioned the U.S. Congress to regulate the popular music industry due to what the group asserted were objectionable lyrics , particularly those in heavy metal songs . The PMRC used music professor Joe Stuessy to testify against metal . Professor Stuessy alleged that heavy metal songs focus on violence , substance abuse , perversion , S&M , and Satanism . Robert Walser analyzed 88 metal songs ' themes to determine if Professor Stuessy 's claims were valid . In Walser 's analysis , the dominant theme in the metal songs was `` longing for intensity '' ; he found that the negative themes described by Stuessy and the PMRC were uncommon . Jeffrey Arnett analysed the lyrics from 115 metal songs : he found that the top three messages were `` grim ... themes '' about violence , angst and protest .   Metal artists have had to defend their lyrics in front of the U.S. Senate and in courtrooms . In 1985 , Twisted Sister frontman Dee Snider was asked to defend his song Under the Blade at a U.S. Senate hearing . In 1986 , Ozzy Osbourne was sued because of the lyrics of his song Suicide Solution . In 1990 , Judas Priest was sued in American court by the parents of two young men who had shot themselves five years earlier , allegedly after hearing the subliminal statement `` do it '' in a Priest song . While the case attracted a great deal of media attention , it was ultimately dismissed . In some predominantly Muslim countries , heavy metal has been officially denounced as a threat to traditional values . In countries such as Morocco , Egypt , Lebanon , and Malaysia , there have been incidents of heavy metal musicians and fans being arrested and incarcerated .

neg: Be Still (Kelly Clarkson song) `` Be Still '' is a song by American recording artist Kelly Clarkson , from her third studio album , My December ( 2007 ) . Written by Kelly Clarkson and Aben Eubanks , and produced by David Kahne , `` Be Still '' is an acoustic folk blues ballad set moderately slow acoustic and electric guitars . Clarkson wrote the song as an introspective ballad based on her exhaustive experience from touring and promoting her second studio album , Breakaway ( 2004 ) . Inspired by one of her favorite Bible verses , ( `` Be still , and know that I ( God ) am here '' ) , the song is about taking a break from everyday things and taking a moment to appreciate one life .   `` Be Still '' has received positive critical reception from music critics , who praised it as one of the album 's highlights . Clarkson has included the song in the touring set of her My December Tour from 2007-08 .

neg: Characteristics of progressive rock Progressive rock is a term that refers to a musical style . The term was originally referred to as `` classical rock '' ( in which a band performed together with an orchestra ) , but the term 's use has expanded in recent years to include other fusions of music styles including jazz fusion , metal and folk rock musics . The term does not refer to one particular music style but to an approach that combines elements of diverse styles . Jerry Ewing , editor of Prog Magazine , explains that `` Prog is not just a sound , it 's a mindset . '' Dream Theater guitarist John Petrucci outlines that Progressive rock is defined by its very lack of stylistic boundaries . The advent of the concept album , plus the genre 's roots in psychedelia , led albums and performances to be viewed as combined presentations of music , lyrics , and visuals .   Bands abandoned the short pop single in favor of instrumentation and compositional techniques more frequently associated with jazz or classical music as part of an effort to give rock music the same level of musical sophistication and critical respect . Progressive rock abandons the danceable beat that defines earlier rock styles and is more likely than other types of popular music to experiment with compositional structure , instrumentation , harmony and rhythm , or lyrical content . It may demand more effort on the part of the listener than other types of music .   Musicians in progressive rock typically display a high degree of instrumental skill , although this is not always the case . Virtuoso instrumental skills are so closely associated with progressive rock that authors such as Bill Martin consider it as a defining element and exclude bands such as Pink Floyd from consideration . It is not uncommon for musicians to have received a higher-than-average level of formal training . Players from the genre frequently appear in readers ' polls of publications that cater to musicians .

neg: R. Malcolm Jones R. Malcolm Jones is an American music video and motion picture director . Jones is a graduate of the University of Miami . While a student at the University , Jones was granted the Eastman Kodak Scholarship he is its youngest recipient . Jones also received a Merit Scholarship .   After graduation R. Malcolm Jones went on to direct Music Videos for various artist . He was nominated for Video Director of the Year at the 2008 BET Awards . In 2009 the MTV Video Awards nominated his video Right Round by Flo Rida feat Kei $ ha for Best Hip Hop Video .   R. Malcolm Jones has directed Music Videos for Flo Rida , Avril Lavigne , Cassidy feat Swizz Beats , T-Pain , Chris Brown , Lil Mama , Mario , Ray J , R. Kelly , Cali Swag District , K'la , YC , Travis Porter , Jordan Taylor , Vanessa Hudgens , Nas , Clipse , Fat Jose , Brooke Hogan , The Pack , and Roscoe Dash . Jones has also directed commercials for HBO ( a talk with Spike Lee ) , BET ( 2009 BET Spring Bling ) and CMT ( Dallas Cowboy Cheerleaders ) . R. Malcolm Jones has made a personal appearance as a guest on BET 's Top 25 Countdown and was a featured director for Vh1 's Hogan Knows Best , MTV 's Making The Video and BET 's All Access Granted .   R. Malcolm Jones has directed and written several motion picture projects . They include , Seven Lives : Seven Survivors ( a documentary ) His short films include , Ambush , Sweet Potato Pie and Shattered . He has currently finished production of his motion picture Secrets of the Magic City starring Jennifer Lewis , Jamie Hector and Keith David . Secrets of the Magic City screened at the 2013 American Black Film Festival ( ABFF ) in the `` Narrative '' category it screened at the 2013 Annual Urban World Film Festival in New York City and the 2013 Bronze Lens Film Festival in Atlanta where Jamie Hector and Jenifer Lewis were nominated and won awards for Best Actor and Actress . The film debuted on Centric TV June 26 , 2015 and received world wide distribution with EOne Entertainment .

neg: Song cycle A song cycle ( Liederkreis or Liederzyklus ) is a group , or cycle , of individually complete songs designed to be performed in a sequence as a unit .   The songs are either for solo voice or an ensemble , or rarely a combination of solo songs mingled with choral pieces . The number of songs in a song cycle may be as brief as two songs or as long as 30 or more songs . The term `` song cycle '' did not enter lexicography until 1865 , in Arrey von Dommer 's edition of Koch 's Musikalisches Lexikon , but works definable in retrospect as song cycles existed long before then . One of the earliest examples may be the set of seven Cantigas de amigo by the 13th-century Galician jongleur Martin Codax .   A song cycle is similar to a song collection , and the two can be difficult to distinguish . Some type of coherence , however , is regarded as a necessary attribute of song cycles . It may derive from the text ( a single poet ; a story line ; a central theme or topic such as love or nature ; a unifying mood ; poetic form or genre , as in a sonnet or ballad cycle ) or from musical procedures ( tonal schemes ; recurring motifs , passages or entire songs ; formal structures ) . These unifying features may appear singly or in combination . Because of these many variations , the song cycle `` resists definition '' . The nature and quality of the coherence within a song cycle must therefore be examined `` in individual cases '' .

neg: Edward Kelly (dancer) Edward ( Eddie ) Lawrence Kelly is an actor and dance and music consultant born August 26 , 1943 at the Episcopal Hospital in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , best known as a dancer on American Bandstand .   An only child , Kelly spent his younger years in Kensington , Philadelphia . His mother was a housewife and his father a police officer and detective with the Philadelphia Police Department . He attended The Ascension of Our Lord Grammar School and Northeast Catholic High School .   An avid fan of American Bandstand , Kelly made his first appearance on the show in 1959 . Kelly was featured in national teen magazines of the time ( Teen , 16 , Dig , Teen Screen , Movie Teen Illustrated etc. ) but was one of the few regulars to be acknowledged outside of the fan based periodicals , like Photoplay magazine , which was primarily devoted to Hollywood movie stars .   Kelly appeared in the 1997 Teleductions documentary , Bandstand Days , and represented Bandstand in the American Bandstand Anniversary Special 33 1/3 held in Santa Monica , California . In 1985 , he was one of only six regular Bandstand dancers to appear on The Oprah Winfrey Show . He has been a guest on The Today Show , and , along with his Bandstand partner , Kathleen `` Bunny '' Gibson , made a cameo appearance on American Dreams the TV series . He appeared in the Broadway Revue - Radio Hits of 1958 and is depicted on the mural in the original American Bandstand studio in Philadelphia .

neg: Legal issues surrounding music sampling Music sampling is the subject of many legal disputes , chiefly in the realm of copyright law as it applies to musical compositions and sound recordings .   Early sampling artists simply used portions of other artists ' recordings without permission , but once music incorporating samples began to make significant money , some sampled artists , publishers , and record companies began to take legal action , claiming copyright infringement . Sometimes , after the threat or initiation of a lawsuit , such disputes are settled out of court , often with the sampling artist obtaining a license at considerable cost and making other concessions to appease the aggrieved party ; other times , the sampling artist contests the infringement claims , such as by arguing in court that the copyright law does not cover their particular use of the work . The outcome of these court cases , primarily in the United States and the United Kingdom , have shaped common law , defining ways statutory law -- which does not directly cover sampling -- can be applied to sampling disputes .   In accordance to the United States constitution , the laws of copyright permit a number of rights to authors so that they may `` Promote the Progress of Science and Useful Arts . '' This principle brings to light the true reason for copyright law - to develop boundaries economically and legally where learning , science , and culture can progress .

neg: Dub music Dub is a genre of music that grew out of reggae in the 1960s , and is commonly considered a subgenre , though it has developed to extend beyond the scope of reggae . Music in this genre consists predominantly of instrumental remixes of existing recordings and is achieved by significantly manipulating and reshaping the recordings , usually by removing the vocals from an existing music piece , and emphasizing the drum and bass parts ( this stripped-down track is sometimes referred to as a riddim ) . Other techniques include dynamically adding extensive echo , reverb , panoramic delay , and occasional dubbing of vocal or instrumental snippets from the original version or other works . It was an early form of popular electronic music .   Dub was pioneered by Osbourne `` King Tubby '' Ruddock , Lee `` Scratch '' Perry , Errol Thompson and others in the late 1960s . Augustus Pablo is credited with bringing the melodica to dub , and is also among the pioneers and creators of the genre . Similar experiments with recordings at the mixing desk outside of the dancehall environment were also done by producers Clive Chin and Herman Chin Loy . These producers , especially Ruddock and Perry , looked upon the mixing console as an instrument , manipulating tracks to come up with something new and different .  Dub has influenced many genres of music , including rock ( most significantly the subgenre of post-punk and other kinds of punk ) , pop , hip hop , disco , and later house , techno , ambient , electronic dance music , and trip hop . Dub has become a basis for the genres of jungle and drum and bass Traditional dub has survived , and some of the originators , such as Lee `` Scratch '' Perry and Mad Professor , continue to produce new material .

neg: Kristen Kelly Kristen Kelly is an American country music singer from Lorena , Texas . She is signed to Arista Nashville and has released her debut single , `` Ex-Old Man '' . The song is the first from her forthcoming debut album , produced by Tony Brown and Paul Overstreet . Country Universe gave the song a B + , praising the sound as `` back-to-basics '' . It debuted at number 60 on the Hot Country Songs chart dated May 12 , 2012 .   Kelly has also joined Brad Paisley 's 2012 Virtual Reality World Tour .   There has been controversy over her debut single using a riff without permission from New Zealand band OMC 's single `` How Bizarre '' , which reached number one in the US in 1997 .

neg: Indie hip-hop Indie hip hop ( short for independent hip hop ) is hip hop that primarily exists in the independent underground music scene .   The term underground hip hop may be used to describe both indie hip hop ( which is defined by its artists being unsigned or signed to independent record labels , rather than major record labels ) as well as alternative hip hop ( which is defined by music that diverges from mainstream hip hop music such as Gangsta rap . )   As the term `` indie hip hop '' is indicative of the musicians making the music rather than the music itself , it is not strictly a genre but rather covers a range of styles with clearly discernable hip hop characteristics .   Like indie rock artists , many indie hip hop artists place a premium on maintaining complete control of their music and careers , releasing albums on independent record labels ( sometimes their own ) and relying on touring , word-of-mouth , and air play on independent or college radio stations for promotion . Some of its more popular artists , however , may end up moving to major labels , though often on favorable terms won by their prior independent success .   Independent hip hop labels include Babygrande Records , Definitive Jux , Nature Sounds Records and Strange Famous Records . Notable indie hip hop artists include 7L & Esoteric , Bronze Nazareth , Chief Kamachi , Lord Jamar , Mr. Lif , Jedi Mind Tricks , OuterSpace , The Perceptionists , WMR Music Group and The Society of Invisibles .

neg: Impossible Princess Impossible Princess ( retitled Kylie Minogue in the UK and Europe for a temporary period , following the death of Princess Diana ) is the sixth studio album by Australian singer Kylie Minogue , released on 22 October 1997 , by Sony BMG and Deconstruction in Japan . Minogue had co-written all the songs on the album , with additional credits in production and composition ; the album was also assisted by Dave Ball , Ingo Vauk , Brothers in Rhythm , Manic Street Preachers and Rob Dougan , among others . Musically , the album was inspired by the techno and brit-pop revolution during the late 1990s , and incorporates musical elements of trip-hop , dance music , rock , and electronica . Lyrically , it focuses on Minogue 's relationships , self-discovery , and a variety of emotions .   Impossible Princess received a polarized response from music critics . American and Australian critics noted Minogue 's involvement in the production , whilst the sound and experimentation were commended . Conversely , British press criticized these points . Additionally , the records attracted controversy by the public , which was ambivalent towards Minogue 's sonic and visual development . Commercially , the album reached the top 10 in Australia , Scotland and the United Kingdom , but was certified Platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association ( ARIA ) for physical shipments of 70,000 units . The lack of commercial success prompted further tabloid exploitation of Minogue and the album , with formal comments added by the producers and management of Deconstruction .   Five singles were released off the album : `` Some Kind of Bliss '' , `` Did It Again '' , `` Breathe '' , and `` Cowboy Style '' , all of which experienced moderate success . The fifth single , `` Too Far '' , was distributed in the US and UK to promote the album . After a promotional tour in 1997 , Minogue went on her Intimate and Live tour in Australia and the UK the following year , which was a commercial and critical success . Since the album 's release , it has been recognized by publications as one of Minogue 's key `` re-inventions '' . In retrospect , Minogue labelled the Impossible Princess period as the lowest point of her career .


query: Susan Sarandon received nominations for plays.

pos: Susan Sarandon Susan Abigail Sarandon ( -LSB- səˈrændən -RSB- née Tomalin ; born October 4 , 1946 ) is an American actress and activist . She is an Academy Award and BAFTA Award winner who is also known for her social and political activism for a variety of causes . She was appointed a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador in 1999 and received the Action Against Hunger Humanitarian Award in 2006 .   Sarandon began her career in the 1970 film Joe , before appearing in the soap opera A World Apart ( 1970 -- 71 ) . In 1975 , she starred in the cult classic film The Rocky Horror Picture Show . She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for Atlantic City ( 1980 ) , Thelma & Louise ( 1991 ) , Lorenzo 's Oil ( 1992 ) , and The Client ( 1994 ) , before winning for Dead Man Walking ( 1995 ) . She has also won the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role for The Client , and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Best Actress for Dead Man Walking . Her other films include : Pretty Baby ( 1978 ) , The Hunger ( 1983 ) , The Witches of Eastwick ( 1987 ) , Bull Durham ( 1988 ) , White Palace ( 1990 ) , Little Women ( 1994 ) , Stepmom ( 1998 ) , Enchanted ( 2007 ) , The Lovely Bones ( 2009 ) , Tammy ( 2014 ) , and The Meddler ( 2015 ) .   She made her Broadway debut in An Evening with Richard Nixon in 1972 and went on to receive Drama Desk Award nominations for the Off-Broadway plays , A Coupla White Chicks Sitting Around Talking ( 1979 ) and Extremities ( 1982 ) . She returned to Broadway in the 2009 revival of Exit the King .   On television , she is a five-time Emmy Award nominee , including for her guest roles on the sitcoms Friends ( 2001 ) and Malcolm in the Middle ( 2002 ) , and the TV films Bernard and Doris ( 2007 ) and You Do n't Know Jack ( 2010 ) . In 2017 , Sarandon portrayed Bette Davis in the first season of FX 's anthology series Feud .

neg: Susan Raab Simonson Susan Raab Simonson ( May 1 , 1969 -- November 27 , 2006 ) was an American stage actress and theatre producer .

neg: Other Desert Cities Other Desert Cities is a play by Jon Robin Baitz . The play premiered Off-Broadway in January 2011 and transferred to Broadway in November 2011 , marking the Broadway debut of a Baitz play . The play was a finalist for the 2012 Pulitzer Prize for Drama . Other Desert Cities involves a family with differing political views and a long-held family secret .

neg: SPiN SPiN is an international chain of franchised table tennis clubs and bars . The company was founded in 2009 by actress Susan Sarandon , her then boyfriend Jonathan Bricklin , and other investors including Andrew Gordon and Franck Raharinosy .

neg: The Darker Face of the Earth The Darker Face of the Earth is a verse play written by Rita Dove . Her first full-length play , originally conceived in 1979 , it was published in 1994 , while Dove was serving as United States Poet Laureate . It was substantially revised in 1996 in preparation for its first production .   The play is set on a slave plantation in antebellum South Carolina , and is based on the Greek legend of Oedipus , and on Sophocles ' play Oedipus Rex in particular .   The play premiered at the Oregon Shakespeare Festival in Ashland , Oregon in 1996 . It was thereafter performed at the Crossroads Theatre in New Brunswick , New Jersey and at the Kennedy Center in Washington , D.C. . In 1999 it had its London premiere at the Royal National Theatre .

neg: The Seven Descents of Myrtle The Seven Descents of Myrtle is a play by Tennessee Williams . It originally began as a short story , which Williams then turned into a one-act play , and then later revised it into the seven-act play that is accepted today . Its title character is reminiscent of another Williams ' heroine , Blanche Dubois in A Streetcar Named Desire .   Originally titled Kingdom of Earth , the serio-comic play focuses on Lot , a tubercular neurotic youth who is an impotent transvestite overly attached to the memory of his late mother . He has returned to his ancestral home , a decaying house on the edge of a river on the verge of overflowing , with his new bride Myrtle , a sometime prostitute and former showgirl , the sole survivor of the Five Memphis Hot Shots . She dwells in a fantasy world of romantic illusions , one of which is to nurse Lot back to health so they can consummate their marriage , but soon discovers Lot only wants to use her to steal the deed to the property from his multiracial half-brother Chicken , who has lived on and farmed the property for years . Once he meets Myrtle , he gets some romantic designs of his own .   The Broadway production was produced by David Merrick and directed by José Quintero . After two previews , it opened on March 27 , 1968 , at the Ethel Barrymore Theatre and closed after 29 performances . It starred Brian Bedford as Lot , Harry Guardino as Chicken , and Estelle Parsons as Myrtle . She was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play .   In 1970 , the play was adapted to a feature film and released under the title Last of the Mobile Hot Shots ( aka `` Blood Kin '' ) .   A 1975 production in London , at the Greenwood Theatre , starring Marianne Faithfull as Myrtle , was cancelled after just three performances when Ms Faithfull fell ill with peritonitis .   In 1976 , the play had its West Coast premiere at The Pasadena Repertory Theatre located in The Hotel Carver in Pasadena , California . It starred Marie Peckinpah as Myrtle , Duane Waddell as Chicken , and Ed Harris as Lot . It featured a remarkable three story , rain-drenched set by Howard Whalen . The play was presented under Williams ' original title `` Kingdom of Earth '' and ran for approximately 24 weekend performances over three months . It was directed by Gill Dennis , with executive producer Duane Waddell , and produced by Kevin Cloud Brechner .   In 1991 , the play was produced in the UK at the Redgrave Theatre , Farnham starring Kit Hollerbach as Myrtle , Stephen Hattersley as Chicken and Marc Warren as Lot in a production directed by Bill Bankes-Jones . Stephen Hattersley won Best Actor 1991 in the TMA Awards for his performance in this production .   In 2011 it was revived at the Print Room in Notting Hill , under its alternative title Kingdom of Earth , directed by Lucy Bailey .   In 2012 , Tom Hiddleston did a reading of the short story version for the series Stories Before Bedtime at the Criterion-Theatre in the United Kingdom . This short story is a more erotic version written in the first person from the perspective of Chicken .

neg: Theatre Guild The Theatre Guild is a theatrical society founded in New York City in 1918 by Lawrence Langner , Philip Moeller , Helen Westley and Theresa Helburn . Langner 's wife , Armina Marshall , then served as a co-director . It evolved out of the work of the Washington Square Players .   Its original purpose was to produce non-commercial works by American and foreign playwrights . It differed from other theaters at the time in that its board of directors shared the responsibility of choosing plays , management , and production . The Theatre Guild contributed greatly to the success of Broadway from the 1920s throughout the 1970s .   The Guild has produced a total of 228 plays on Broadway , including 18 by George Bernard Shaw and seven by Eugene O'Neill . Other major playwrights introduced to theatre-going Americans include Robert E. Sherwood , Maxwell Anderson , Sidney Howard , William Saroyan , and Philip Barry . In the field of musical theatre , the Guild has promoted works by Richard Rodgers , teamed with both Lorenz Hart and Oscar Hammerstein II , George and Ira Gershwin , Jule Styne , and Meredith Willson , all of which have become classics . Under President John F. Kennedy , the Guild was engaged to assemble a U.S. theatre company , headed by Helen Hayes , to tour the capitals of Europe and South America with works by Tennessee Williams , Thornton Wilder , and William Gibson .   In 1968 , the Guild became involved in the travel field by taking 25 of its subscribers to European capitals to see plays . In 1975 , it instituted its Theatre At Sea program with a 17-day cruise aboard the Rotterdam with Hayes and Cyril Ritchard . Since then they have hosted more than thirty cruises , each with seven or eight performers . Among them have been Alan Arkin , Zoe Caldwell , Anne Jackson , Cherry Jones , Richard Kiley , Eartha Kitt , Patricia Neal , Lynn Redgrave , Gena Rowlands , Jean Stapleton , Eli Wallach , and Lee Roy Reams , who served as the program 's resident director .   The last Broadway play produced by The Theatre Guild was State Fair in 1996 .

neg: Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play The Tony Award for Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role in a Play is an honor presented at the Tony Awards , a ceremony established in 1947 as the Antoinette Perry Awards for Excellence in Theatre , to actors for quality leading roles in a Broadway play . The awards are named after Antoinette Perry , an American actress who died in 1946 . Honors in several categories are presented at the ceremony annually by the Tony Award Productions , a joint venture of The Broadway League and the American Theatre Wing , to `` honor the best performances and stage productions of the previous year . '' Despite the award first being presented in 1947 , there were no nominees announced until 1956 .

neg: Susan Paddon Susan Paddon is a Canadian poet . Her debut collection Two Tragedies in 429 Breaths , published in 2015 , was a finalist for the Raymond Souster Award and the ReLit Award for Poetry , and won the J. M. Abraham Poetry Award .   Originally from St. Thomas , Ontario , she attended McGill University and Concordia University in Montreal . She currently resides in Margaree , Nova Scotia .

neg: Susan Browning Susan Brown Browning ( February 25 , 1941 -- April 23 , 2006 ) was an American actress .   Browning was born in Baldwin , New York . She attended Penn State University where she was a member of Kappa Alpha Theta . She was nominated for two Tony Awards : for Best Actress in a Musical for Company in 1971 and for Best Featured Actress in a Musical for Goodtime Charley in 1975 . She was also featured on Broadway in the musicals Big River and Shelter , as well as several plays .   Browning played one of the nuns in the 1992 movie Sister Act , as well as its 1993 sequel Sister Act 2 : Back in the Habit . Her television work included appearances on Law & Order , One Life to Live , Mary Hartman , Mary Hartman , The Monkees , The Girl From U.N.C.L.E. , and The Wild Wild West .

neg: List of accolades received by Fences (film) Fences is a 2016 American drama film directed by Denzel Washington and written by August Wilson . Starring Washington , Viola Davis , Jovan Adepo and Stephen McKinley Henderson , the film focuses on a man and his life , family , and job . The film began a limited release on December 16 , 2016 , before opening wide on December 25 . The film was released to universal acclaim , with Rotten Tomatoes listing an approval rating of 93 % , based on 207 reviews , with an average rating of 7.7 / 10 , and Metacritic listing a score of 79 out of 100 , based on 48 reviews .   Fences won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress and the British Academy Film Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for Davis . The film won Best Supporting Actress for Davis and was nominated for Best Picture , Best Director , Best Actor for Washington , Best Acting Ensemble and Best Adapted Screenplay at Critics ' Choice Awards . The film won Best Supporting Actress -- Motion Picture for Davis and was nominated for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama for Washington at Golden Globe Awards . The film received four nominations at Satellite Awards , including Best Film , Best Director , Best Actor for Washington and Best Supporting Actress for Davis .

neg: AUDELCO AUDELCO , the Audience Development Committee , Inc. , was established in 1973 by the late Vivian Robinson to honor excellence in New York City African American Theatre through presentation of Vivan Robinson/AUDELCO Recognition Awards ( a.k.a. Viv awards ) . The awards were created to promote `` recognition , understanding and awareness of the arts in the African-American community '' .   The AUDELCO Viv awards recognize the following , whether Broadway or off-Broadway :  Productions by Black companies  Shows written or directed by Blacks  Black actors in shows   AUDELCO has an office in Central Harlem , New York City The President is Grace Jones and the board of directors consistsof : A.Curtis Farrow ; Ralph Carter , Toni Peterson , Jacqueline Feffries ; Linda Armstrong ; Honorable Donna M. Mills ; Fred R.Powell ; Mary Seymour ; Dale Richardo Shields ; Terrence Spivey ; Ronald Stone Esq and Mary B. Davis Chair Emeritus . The organization has thousands of members , a newsletter , and a black theater collection of books , photos , slides and scripts as well as an extensive clipping file on black theater companies and productions .   The AUDELCO awards are limited to productions mounted by professional , not-for-profit theater organizations which have been in existence for at least two years and have had a minimum of 500 hours of rehearsal , performance , or training . Additionally , productions have to have been performed over 12 times between September 1 of one year and August 31 of the next . Workshop productions and works-in-progress are not eligible .   The AUDELCO Viv awards allow celebrities and everyday people to get to share their love of theater and their appreciation for the incredible performances , scripts , direction , costumes and sets that have been presented during the last theater season .   Michael O'Hare was the first white actor to win this award presented by the black theater community of New York for his performance in the play `` Shades of Brown '' which examined the effects of apartheid in South Africa .   ( Former AUDELOC awardees included , Kerry Washington ( AUDELCO 's first Rising star ) ; Samuel L. Jackson ; Phylicia Rashad ; Debbie Allen ; Denzel Washington , Barbara Montgomery , Sanaa Lathan and others ) .

neg: Critic's Choice (play) Critic 's Choice is a play written by Ira Levin .   It opened at the Ethel Barrymore Theatre on December 14 , 1960 and ran for 189 performances , closing on May 27 , 1961 . Levin 's inspiration was then-New York Herald Tribune drama critic Walter Kerr and his playwright wife Jean . Otto Preminger directed . Oleg Cassini provided the costumes .   A play in three acts , Critic 's Choice tells the story of theater critic Parker Ballantine whose second wife , Angela , writes a play which is produced on Broadway . The play is awful and Parker must decide whether or not to review the play honestly .   Reviewing for The New York Times , Howard Taubman wrote , `` Ira Levin 's new comedy , which opened at the Ethel Barrymore last night , is not much of a play . '' And , `` Otto Preminger 's staging discloses a seasoned hand , although his pacing often turns languid and his ideas for comedy run thin , like the playwright 's . ''   In 1963 , the play was made into a film of the same name starring Bob Hope and Lucille Ball .

neg: Shotgun Players The Shotgun Players is a critically acclaimed California East Bay regional theater group formed in a pizza parlor in Berkeley , California in 1992 by artistic director Patrick Dooley . Before moving to its permanent home at the Ashby Stage in 2004 , Shotgun Players performed in 44 different spaces . In December 2007 , the Players ' Ashby Stage performance space in Berkeley 's Lorin District became the first live theater venue in the nation to convert fully to solar power .   The company performs both new and classic plays , specializing in new works by contemporary playwrights , Greek plays , and Shakespeare . It has produced many award-winning new plays : both Dog Act ( 2004 ) and Beowulf : A Thousand Years of Baggage ( 2008 ) were awarded the Will Glickman Award for Best New Play . The Salt Plays Parts 1 and 2 ( 2010 ) as well as Phaedra ( 2011 ) and God 's Plot ( 2011 ) have all been nominees . In 2011 , San Francisco Weekly named Shotgun Players Best Theater Company , and original works by company members are regularly included in the San Francisco Chronicle 's annual list of top ten productions . Resident graphic artist R. Black creates a new mural for each production , painting the walls of the Ashby Stage building at Martin Luther King Jr. . Way and Ashby Ave. In 2015 , Shotgun Players announced a season of all works by women playwrights , including 6 full productions and 6 staged readings .

neg: The Noose (play) The Noose is a play written by Willard Mack . It was later adapted as the film The Noose .   The play opened on Broadway October 20 , 1926 at the Hudson Theatre . It is perhaps best known today for introducing the previously unknown Barbara Stanwyck . It also featured actors Rex Cherryman and Wilfred Lucas .

neg: Los Angeles Drama Critics Circle Award The Los Angeles Drama Critics Circle Awards is an annual awards program presented by the Los Angeles Drama Critics Circle ( LADCC ) .

neg: West End Frame Awards The West End Frame Awards are London Theatre awards created by the theatre website West End Frame . The awards are different from other theatre awards as they only open voting for one category at a time . During 2012 theatre fans were invited to vote in seven categories . High profile nominees during the 2012 awards included Kerry Ellis , Jodie Prenger , Rob Brydon and Lee Mead . The winners included Shayne Ward for Best West End Debut and Daniel Buckley for Funniest Performance in a West End Show .   So far the 2013 West End Frame Awards has seen various categories ( some new categories and some returning categories ) including Best Jukebox musical , Best Performance of a Song in a Musical ( the Award was previously won by Rachel Tucker in 2012 ) , Understudy Of The Year and Best West End Debut .   On 15 May 2013 the full list of nominees for West End Frame 's Understudy of the Year Award was announced . Voting then opened on Thursday 16 May for a six-week voting period , noticeably longer than Best Jukebox musical and Best Performance of a Song in a Musical which received two week long voting periods . Ashley Day won the award for understudying Elder Price in The Book of Mormon .   In August 2013 Zrinka Cvitešić won Best West End Debut for her performance in Once and in October Sion Daniel Young won Best Dramatic Performance for his performance in War Horse . Upstairs at the Gatehouse 's production of Avenue Q won London Fringe Production of the Year in December . Finally , two Editor 's Choice West End Frame Awards were introduced . American composer Scott Alan won Theatrical Event of the Year for his concert at the IndigO2 and the Menier Chocolate Factory 's production of The Color Purple picked up Show of the Year .   The 2014 West End Frame Awards began in March when The Book of Mormon was voted Funniest West End Show . The West End production of Les Misérables won its first West End Frame Award in May when cast member Tam Mutu topped the Best Performance of a Song in a Musical category .   Understudy Of The Year returns for its third year as part of the 2014 Awards . Voting opens on Friday , June 6 and closes on Wednesday , July 16 .

neg: The Kilroys' List The Kilroys ' List is a gender parity initiative to end the `` systematic underrepresentation of female and trans * playwrights '' in the American theater industry . Gender disparity is defined as the gap of unproduced playwrights ' whose plays are being discriminated against based on the writer 's gender identification and intersectional identities of race , sexual orientation , ethnicity , socioeconomic class , age , and ability . Recent statistical research released in November 2015 , entitled The Count , gathered that 22 % of total surveyed professional productions from 2011-2013 annual seasons were written by women playwrights , 3.8 % of the total were written by women playwrights of color , and 0.4 % of the total were written by foreign women playwrights of color . 78 % of total surveyed professional productions were written by men playwrights .   First released in June 2014 , The List is an annual collection of highly-recommended contemporary plays written by female and trans * identified authors , which are read or seen by an industry professional within the last twelve months.The List was established by the The Kilroys , a group of Los Angeles-based female-identified playwrights and producers who were tired of their plays remaining unproduced while artistic directors claimed `` We chose the best plays '' for their theater companies ' annual seasons . The namesake of The Kilroys originated from the World War II graffiti tag , `` Kilroy Was Here . '' The tagline for The Kilroys is `` We Make Trouble and Plays . '' The Kilroys members include : Zakiyyah Alexander , Bekah Brunstetter , Sheila Callaghan , Carla Ching , Annah Feinberg , Sarah Gubbins , Laura Jacqmin , Joy Meads , Kelly Miller , Meg Miroshnik , Daria Polatin , Tanya Saracho , and Marisa Wegrzyn .   The List 2014 featured the Top 46 , a collection of 46 plays highly-recommended by selected Nominators . The Nominators consisted of a number of contemporary theater artists and administrators currently working in the theater industry .   The 2015 List : The Top 7 % featured 53 plays .

neg: The West Side Waltz The West Side Waltz is a play by Ernest Thompson .   The play focuses on Margaret Mary Elderdice , an aging , widowed pianist living in a dreary Upper West Side apartment , and her relationships with a prim , virginal violinist neighbor and the young companion who moves in for an extended stay .   Thompson was prompted to write the piece when screenwriter George Seaton offered him a grant to write a new play following the success of his previous work , On Golden Pond .   The play originally was presented off-Broadway in 1978 . After three previews , the Broadway production , directed by Noel William , opened on November 19 , 1981 , at the Ethel Barrymore Theatre . Despite the presence of screen legend Katharine Hepburn , supported by Dorothy Loudon , Regina Baff , and David Margulies , it ran for only 126 performances . Hepburn was nominated for a Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play , but lost to Zoe Caldwell ( Medea ) .   Thompson wrote the teleplay for and directed a CBS production that originally aired on Thanksgiving night in 1995 . The cast included Shirley MacLaine , Liza Minnelli , Kathy Bates , Jennifer Grey , Estelle Harris , and Robert Pastorelli .

neg: Susan Ursitti Susan Ursitti is an American actress .

neg: Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Play The Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Play is an annual award presented by The Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in commercial British theatre . The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976 , and renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor Laurence Olivier .   The award was originally entitled Play of the Year but was later renamed in 2001 .