query: Caitlyn Jenner did not change her gender.

pos: Caitlyn Jenner Caitlyn Marie Jenner ( born October 28 , 1949 ) , formerly known as Bruce Jenner , is an American television personality and retired Olympic gold medal-winning decathlete . Jenner was a college football player for the Graceland Yellowjackets before incurring a knee injury that required surgery . Coach L. D. Weldon , who had coached Olympic decathlete Jack Parker , convinced Jenner to try the decathlon . After intense training , Jenner won the 1976 Olympics decathlon event at the Montreal Olympic Games , gaining fame as `` an all-American hero '' . Jenner set a third successive world record while winning the Olympics . The winner of the Olympic decathlon is traditionally given the unofficial title of `` world 's greatest athlete '' . With that stature , Jenner subsequently established a career in television , film , writing , auto racing , business and as a Playgirl cover model .   Jenner has six children from marriages to wives Chrystie Crownover , Linda Thompson , and Kris Jenner . Since 2007 , Jenner has appeared on the reality television series Keeping Up with the Kardashians with Kris , their daughters Kendall and Kylie Jenner , and step-children Kourtney , Kim , Khloé , and Rob Kardashian . Previously identifying publicly as male , Jenner revealed her identity as a trans woman in April 2015 , publicly announcing her name change from Bruce to Caitlyn in a July 2015 Vanity Fair cover story . Her name and gender change became official on September 25 , 2015 . She has been called the most famous openly transgender woman in the world . From 2015 to 2016 , Jenner starred in the reality television series I Am Cait , which focused on her gender transition .

neg: The Theater Offensive The Theater Offensive is a Boston-based theatrical organization dedicated to the production of queer works . The Theater Offensive was founded in 1989 by Abraham Rybeck `` to present the diversity of lesbian , gay , bisexual , and transgender lives in art so bold it breaks through personal isolation , challenges the status quo , and builds thriving communities . '' The Theater Offensive mounts and produces festivals and individual productions by national and local queer performers , and also serves as a development environment for new theatrical work . In addition , The Theater Offensive works to build community through education , outreach , and political activism .   The Theater Offensive has expanded throughout its history . The True Colors OUT Youth Theater troupe concentrates on producing dramatical works produced by young , queer artists . Up until the summer of 2008 , its `` A Street Theater Named Desire '' , a guerrilla AIDS activist theater troupe , enters gay cruising grounds and presents performances that promote safe sex and AIDS education .   The Theater Offensive produces an annual Out on the Edge Festival of Queer Theater , which showcases new performing arts works by queer artists from around the world . It has been held each fall since its inception in 1992 .   True Colors : Out Youth Theater , a program of The Theater Offensive and the country 's largest and longest-running lesbian , gay , bisexual , transgender and queer ( LGBTQ ) youth theater program , received the 2016 National Arts and Humanities Youth Program Award from First Lady Michelle Obama , for its effectiveness in promoting learning and life skills in young people through the arts by engaging them in creative youth development programming . The National Arts and Humanities Youth Program Award is the nation 's highest honor for youth arts programs , and True Colors , which was established in 1994 , is the first LGBTQ organization in history to receive this award .

neg: Jenn Im Jenn Im ( born September 22 , 1990 ) is a Korean-American fashion and beauty vlogger , best known for her YouTube channel , ClothesEncounters . At the age of 26 , her channel has reached approximately 1.7 million subscribers and over 150 million views .

neg: Life of Kylie Life of Kylie is an upcoming American reality television series starring Kylie Jenner . The eight-part half-hour series will debut in the summer of 2017 , on the E! cable network . The reality series was greenlit on April 10 , 2017 . . On May 11 , 2017 , E! released a promo video of the series and announced that the show will premiere on July 6 , 2017 .

neg: Caitlyn Folley Caitlyn Folley , also known as Caker Folley , is an American actress known for her role as Stacy in The FP ( 2011 ) .

neg: Gender-blind A gender-blind ( or unisex ) person is someone who adheres to not distinguishing people by gender . Gender blind people generally advocate gender neutrality in society , such as activities undertaken and services provided without regard to the gender of those who participate . Those who identify as pansexual may also refer to themselves as ` gender-blind ' : however , pansexuality emphasizes gender-blindness in sexuality .

neg: LGBT rights in Northern Ireland Lesbian , gay , bisexual , transgender ( LGBT ) rights in Northern Ireland are the least advanced in the United Kingdom . It was the last country in the United Kingdom to legalise same-sex sexual activity , the last to end a lifetime ban on blood donations by men who have sex with men and remains the only region of the United Kingdom or Ireland to prohibit same-sex marriage . Progress has mostly come during direct rule by the Government of the United Kingdom or through court action rather than local legislative reform , due to the veto power wielded by the anti-LGBT Democratic Unionist Party under Northern Ireland 's power-sharing system . ILGA rates Northern Ireland as the worst place in the United Kingdom for LGBT people , with 74 % equality of rights compared to 86 % LGBT equality in the United Kingdom overall and 92 % equality in Scotland . LGBT rights campaigner Peter Tatchell describes Northern Ireland as `` the most homophobic place in western Europe '' .   Same-sex sexual activity has been legal since 1982 and the age of consent has been equal for all forms of sexual activity since 2001 . Civil partnerships have been available for same-sex couples since 2005 . Same-sex marriage has been voted on five times by the Northern Ireland Assembly , and although it was passed by a slim majority on the fifth attempt , it was vetoed by the Democratic Unionist Party using the petition of concern . Same-sex marriages performed outside Northern Ireland are recognised as civil partnerships within its borders . Same-sex couples have also been granted full adoption rights since 2013 .

neg: Films about intersex Intersex , in humans and other animals , describes variations in sex characteristics including chromosomes , gonads , sex hormones , or genitals that , according to the UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights , `` do not fit typical binary notions of male or female bodies '' . Intersex is a part of nature and that is reflected in some representations of intersex in film and other media .

neg: 2014 Much Music Video Awards The 2014 Much Music Video Awards ( MMVAs ) was held on June 15 , 2014 outside the Much headquarters in downtown Toronto . Kendall Jenner and Kylie Jenner served as co-hosts for the show .   The ceremony , which marked the 25th edition of the MMVAs , was simulcast live on Much and CTV .

neg: Sinclair Coefficients The Sinclair Coefficients are a means to compare different weight classes in olympic weightlifting . It replaced Hoffman 's formula , which was the first statistical analysis of this type .   The answer to the question `` What would be the total of an athlete weighing x kg if he/she  were an athlete in the heaviest class of the same level of ability ? '' is given by the formula :  ACTUAL TOTAL × SINCLAIR COEFFICIENT = SINCLAIR TOTAL .   There are eight bodyweight categories for male athletes : 56 kg , 62 kg , 69 kg , 77 kg , 85 kg , 94 kg , 105 kg and +105 kg , and seven for female athletes : 48 kg , 53 kg , 58 kg , 63 kg , 69 kg , 75 kg and +75 kg .   There are also two types of lifts : snatch , and clean and jerk . However , at the championships , medals are presented in both lifts separately , and in total ( the combined result of the best snatch and the best clean and jerk ) .   To compare and rank the results , especially between bodyweight categories , the International Weightlifting Federation uses the Sinclair Coefficients which are derived statistically and calculated for one Olympic cycle ( for four years , starting in the Spring of each Olympic year ) .   The total for each bodyweight category is a projection of the Total for that weightlifter if he/she were a competitor in the heaviest bodyweight category with the same level of ability . It is done in four body weight categories for the males ( 56 kg , 69 kg , 77 kg , +105 kg ) . For the other four categories ( 62 kg , 85 kg , 94 kg , 105 kg ) the Sinclair Total represents the World Standard because nobody has lifted the predicted total . Those projections using the Sinclair Total are shown below .   The Sinclair Coefficient is . If x < b where x is the weightlifter 's bodyweight , b is the world record holder 's bodyweight ( in the heaviest category ) and A is the coefficient for this Olympic cycle , or 1.0 if x ≥ b.   Then , the Sinclair Total is simply the obtained total multiplied by the Sinclair Coefficient .   For example , from 2013 to 2016 , a calculation of the Sinclair Coefficient might look like this :  A = 0.794358141 for males  A = 0.897260740 for females  b = 174.393 kg for males  b = 148.026 kg for females   Assume that we are assessing a male weightlifter weighing 61.9 kg with a total of 320 kg .  Then , x = 61.9 kg , and we have  X = log10 ( x/b ) = log10 ( 61.9 / 174.393 ) = -0.449838400  A ( X ^ 2 ) = 0.794358141 * ( -0.449838400 ) ^ 2 = 0.794358141 * 0.20235459 = 0.160742013  10 ^ ( A ( X ^ 2 ) ) = 10 ^ 0.160742013 = 1.447911485   Sinclair Total = Actual Total x S.C. = 320 kg x 1.447911485 = 463.332   To understand the whole idea , here is the chart with all male bodyweight categories ( in kg ) and its world record Totals , Sinclair Coefficients , and Sinclair Total . By looking at the Sinclair Total we can determine the RANK . * denotes a World Standard rather than a world record .   The same is done for the seven female body weight categories .

neg: Faithless electors in the United States presidential election, 2016 In the 2016 United States presidential election , seven members of the U.S. Electoral College voted for a different candidate than whom they were pledged to vote . The Democratic Party nominee , Hillary Clinton , lost five of her pledged electors while the Republican Party nominee and then president-elect , Donald Trump , lost two . Three of the faithless electors voted for Colin Powell while John Kasich , Ron Paul , Bernie Sanders , and Faith Spotted Eagle each received one vote .   Three additional electors initially voted against their Clinton pledge but had their votes invalidated according to local statutes , so they were replaced or forced to vote again . The defections fell well short of the number needed to change the result of the election ; only two of the seven defected from the presumptive winner , when 37 were needed to change the outcome .   Although there had been a combined total of 157 instances of individual electors voting faithlessly in over two centuries of previous US presidential elections , 2016 was a year in which multiple groups of electors worked to alter the result of the election in order to `` vote their conscience for the good of America '' in accordance with Alexander Hamilton 's Federalist Paper No. 68 . 2016 was also the first year since 1960 when one of the electors actively worked to change the election . Electors were subjected to public pressure , up to and including death threats .   Seven electors successfully cast faithless ballots for president , the most to defect from presidential candidates who were still alive in Electoral College history , surpassing the six electors who defected from James Madison in the 1808 election . Historically , this number of defections has been exceeded only in cases where the presidential candidate was no longer living at the time the electors cast their ballots : the seven faithless presidential votes in 2016 falls well short of the record set in 1872 , when 63 of 66 electors originally pledged to losing candidate Horace Greeley cast their votes for someone else ( Greeley had died between election day and the meeting of the Electoral College ) . The six faithless vice-presidential votes in 2016 is also short of the record for that office , without considering whether the vice-presidential candidates were still living , as multiple previous elections have had more than six faithless vice-presidential votes ; in 1836 , faithless electors successfully moved the vice-presidential decision to the U.S. Senate .

neg: Say Her Name #SayHerName is a social movement that seeks to raise awareness for black female victims of police brutality and anti-Black violence in the United States . #SayHerName aims to change the public perception that victims of police brutality and anti-Black violence are predominantly male by highlighting the gender-specific ways in which black women , particularly black queer women and black transgender women , are disproportionately affected by fatal acts of racial injustice . In an effort to create a large social media presence alongside existing racial justice campaigns , such as #BlackLivesMatter and #BlackGirlsMatter , the African American Policy Forum ( AAPF ) coined the hashtag #SayHerName in February 2015 .   In May 2015 , the AAPF released a report entitled `` Say Her Name : Resisting Police Brutality against Black Women , '' which outlined the goals and objectives of the #SayHerName movement . Following Sandra Bland 's fatal encounter with police in July 2015 , the AAPF , in conjunction with the Center for Intersectionality and Social Policy Studies at Columbia Law School and Soros Justice Fellow , Andrea Ritchie , issued an updated version of the original report . The updated version includes a description of the circumstances surrounding Bland 's death , as well as several accounts detailing recent incidents of police-instigated violence against black women , including Tanisha Anderson and Rekia Boyd . In addition to these accounts , the report provides an analytical framework for understanding black women 's susceptibility to police brutality and state-sanctioned violence , as well as offers some suggestions on how to effectively mobilize various communities and empower them to advocate for racial justice .   Drawing from the AAPF report , the #SayHerName movement strives to address the invisibilization of black women within mainstream media and , more specifically , the #BlackLivesMatter movement . Of the movement 's many agendas , one includes commemorating the women who have lost their lives due to police brutality and anti-Black violence . To advance this agenda , the AAPF , along with twenty local sponsors and the Center for Intersectionality and Social Policy Studies at Columbia Law School , organized a vigil on May 20 , 2015 , in New York City , where dozens gathered to demand that the public no longer ignore black women 's struggles against gendered , racialized violence .

neg: Training bra A training bra ( also trainer bra , starter bra , first bra or bralette ) is a lightweight brassiere designed for girls who have begun to develop breasts during puberty when the girl 's breasts are not yet large enough to fit a standard-sized bra . Breast growth is usually defined by the Tanner scale . Girls who are developing breasts are at Tanner stage I and II . Training bras are usually a lightweight , unlined , pullover style bra and feature a soft , elastic bra band and soft bra cups . Prior to the marketing of training bras , a pre-teen or young teen girl in Western countries usually wore a one-piece `` waist '' or camisole without cups or darts .   When a girl receives her first bra , it may be seen as a long-awaited rite of passage in her life signifying her coming of age . Bras for pre-teens and girls entering puberty were first marketed during the 1950s . Some companies have been criticized for marketing bras to pre-teens and of sexualizing girls at an early age .

neg: The DVF Awards The DVF Awards , supported by The Diller-von Furstenberg Family Foundation , are given annually to provide recipients with the exposure and resources necessary to extend their efforts on behalf of women all over the world . The DVF Awards were conceived by Diane von Furstenberg in 2010 with the goal of honoring women who have displayed leadership , strength , and courage in their commitment to their causes . Every year , each Honoree receives a $ 50,000 grant from the Foundation to further their work . The inaugural DVF Awards were presented on March 13 , 2010 at a ceremony hosted by Diane von Fürstenberg and Tina Brown at the United Nations on the closing night of The Women in the World Summit .  Each year , two DVF Awards are given to women within The Vital Voices Global Partnership . In addition , the Inspiration Award is given to a woman who has demonstrated strength and courage in the face of adversity , and is using her experience and influence to effect positive change . The People 's Voice Award is also given annually to a woman chosen from a field of nominees selected by The DVF Awards Board of Advisors and voted on by the public at DVFAwards.com . The Lifetime Leadership Award honors an individual who has dedicated her life and body of work to instilling in other women the courage to fight , the power to survive and the leadership to inspire . Past recipients include Gloria Steinem , Ingrid Betancourt , Hillary Clinton , Oprah Winfrey and Robin Roberts .   Presenters at The DVF Awards have included Meryl Streep , Iman , Olivia Wilde , Jessica Alba , Deborah Winger , Gabby Douglas , and Chelsea Clinton .   2017 Honorees   The International Award : Yoani Sánchez , 14ymedio   The International Award : Baljeet Sandhu , Migrant & Refugee Children 's Legal Unit ( MiCLU )   The People 's Voice Award : Louise Dubé , iCivics   The Inspiration Award : Karlie Kloss , Kode With Klossy   The Lifetime Leadership Award : Dr. Jane Goodall , The Jane Goodall Institute ( JGI )   2016 Honorees   The International Award : Maria Pacheco , Wakami   The International Award : Agnes Igoye , Huts for Peace   The People 's Voice Award : Emily Greener , I AM THAT GIRL   The Inspiration Award : Sarah Jones , Girls Educational and Mentoring Services ' , The Legal Aid Society and Sanctuary for Families   The Lifetime Leadership Award : Dr. Martine Rothblatt , Los Angeles LGBT Center and The Astraea Lesbian Foundation for Justice   2015 Honorees   The International Award : Adimaimalaga Tafuna'I , Women In Business   The International Award : Samar Minallah Khan , Ethnomedia   The People 's Voice Award : Becky Straw and Jody Landers , The Adventure Project   The Inspiration Award : Gabrielle Giffords , Americans for Responsible Solutions   The Lifetime Leadership Award : Melanne Verveer , The Georgetown Institute for Women , Peace and Security at Georgetown University   2014 Honorees   The DVF Award : Kah Walla , STRATEGIES !   The DVF Award : Liron Peleg-Hadomi & Noha Khatieb   The People 's Voice Award : Veronika Scott , The Empowerment Plan   The Inspiration Award : Alicia Keys , Keep a Child Alive   The Lifetime Leadership Award : Gloria Steinem , Equality Now and Donor Direct Action   2013 Honorees   The DVF Award : Sunitha Krishnan , Prajwala  The DVF Award : Andeisha Farid , Afghan Child Education and Caring Organization ( AFCECO ) .  The People 's Voice Award : Tammy Tibbetts , She 's the First  The Inspiration Award : Natalia Vodianova , Naked Heart Foundation  The Lifetime Leadership Award : Robin Roberts , Be the Match   2012 Honorees  The DVF Award : Panmela Castro , Rede Nami  The DVF Award : Chouchou Namegabe , South Kivu 's Association of Women Journalists  The People 's Voice Award : Layli Miller-Muro , Tahirih Justice Center  The Inspiration Award : Jaycee Dugard , The JAYC Foundation  The Lifetime Leadership Award : Oprah Winfrey , The Oprah Winfrey Leadership Academy Foundation   2011 Honorees  The DVF Award : Sohini Chakraborty , Kolkata Sanved  The DVF Award : Kakenya Ntaiya , Kakenya Center for Excellence  The People 's Voice Award : Taryn Davis , The American Widow Project  The Inspiration Award : Elizabeth Smart , Elizabeth Smart Foundation  The Lifetime Leadership Award : Secretary of State Hillary Clinton   2010 Honorees  The DVF Award : Danielle Saint-Lot , Femmes en Démocratie  The DVF Award : Sadiqa Basiri Saleem , The Oruj Learning Center  The People 's Voice Award : Katherine Chon , The Polaris Project  The Lifetime Leadership Award : Ingrid Betancourt , The Ingrid Betancourt Foundation

neg: Gender mainstreaming Gender mainstreaming is the public policy concept of assessing the different implications for women and men of any planned policy action , including legislation and programmes , in all areas and levels . Mainstreaming essentially offers a pluralistic approach that values the diversity among both men and women .   The concept of gender mainstreaming was first proposed at the 1985 Third World Conference on Women in Nairobi , Kenya . The idea has been pushed in the United Nations development community . The idea was formally featured in 1995 at the Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing , China , and was cited in the document that resulted from the conference , the Beijing Platform for Action .

neg: Gender feminism Gender feminism is a term used in relation to other forms of feminism . First explicated in the book `` Who Stole Feminism ? '' in 1994 , Christina Hoff Sommers categorized gender feminism as a gynocentric subdivision of feminism . According to Wendy McElroy and Christina Hoff Sommers , gender or political feminism is defined in opposition to individualist feminism . Disapproval of modern-day gender roles and the gradual eradication of them are at the foundation of gender feminism . Gender feminism aims to bring awareness to a perspective on the development of the different sexes Feminism , itself , is defined in Sommers ' book , `` Who Stole Feminism ? '' as a `` collection of movements and ideologies aimed at defining , establishing , and defending equal political , economic , and social rights for women . '' Gender feminism views gender as socially constructed . Furthermore , that this construction of gender is embedded into various aspects of the everyday social order , which consists of power , privileges and economic resources .   The term was used especially in the early 1990s to refer to some different concepts . It has been used to distinguish perceived radical feminism in comparison to liberal feminism . It has also been used in relation to some feminists ' arguments about gendering and other topics : that all cognition is gendered and that all knowledge is gendered . Gender reform feminism laid the theoretical groundwork for second-wave feminism . Contrary to equity feminist , who have an exclusive sociopolitical aspiration for men 's and women 's legal and social equality , gender feminist also argue that psychological differences between men and women are adapted from societal acclimation and have little to do with evolution .   Critiques   Though viewed as the dominant feminist outlook among scholars , as an alternative version of feminism , gender feminism has been met with opposition . Critiques argue that there is science that supports the claim that the sexes are substantially different in a natural and inherent way . Kuhle maintains that due to evolution , regardless of whether they are viewed as equal , men and women have diverse roles in society . Other critiques have said that though feminism is the dismantlement of the patriarchy and challenges gender roles , the notion that gender differences do not exist biologically is problematic . Others argue that every feminist has an altered standpoint on the movement due to the varying hurdles women of different backgrounds come across . This would validate gender feminists in their fight to raise awareness for equality through the belief that gender should not possess as much value in the society as it currently does .   Divisions in feminist ideology have caused many to question the cohesiveness of the feminist movement as a whole and if devoting their efforts to the movement would genuinely be beneficial . Although , varying perspectives have hindered the collaboration of some feminist subdivisions , a common interest in the upward mobilization of women as a whole has prompted a desire for a more inclusive and universal feminist movement .   A category of anti-gender feminism has also been described .

neg: Transsexual News Telegraph The Transsexual News Telegraph was a quarterly news and topics magazine published in United States from 1991 to 2002 . TNT covers often portrayed Trans Identities or Art and the back covers were usually a piece of graphic art with a thought provoking theme .   TNT originally was published as Rites of Passage , the official publication of the New Womens Conference , with Anne Ogborn as the editor . It began as a magazine for the then nascent post op movement . After two issues the magazine came under the editorship of Gail Sondegaard , changed its name to Transsexual News Telegraph , and ceased being officially tied to the New Womens Conference .   TNT continued to be published approximately quarterly until 2002 . In 1999 Katharine Collins joined the paper as Art Director . She and Gail Sondegaard continued publishing until 2002 , when publication ceased .   The magazine was published in 8 1/2 × 11 format saddle stitched 48 pages over most of its life . After 1998 publication became less frequent and the publication grew thicker .   TNT always had a strong anti Neo-colonization medical emphasis , and featured many articles on trans related art and cultural events , reviews of relevant movies , as well as `` News On The March '' , a section of transsexual related news . For a description of TNT content see the commentary following the article at bottom of this page .   Never with a very large subscriber base , the magazine had more influence because of its status as a tool for discussions among trans activists during the emergence of the Transgenderism Transgender Rights Movement .   In the mid 1990s TNT began organizing issues of the magazine around specific topics .

neg: Transgender Awareness Week Transgender Awareness Week , typically observed the first two full weeks of November , is a two-week celebration leading up to Transgender Day of Remembrance ( TDOR ) , which memorializes victims of transphobic violence . TDOR occurs annually on November 20 , when transgender advocates raise awareness of the transgender community through education and advocacy activities . The first week begins with third parties hosting events at venues surrounding a main central venue , followed the second week by more venues at the main area showcasing more and more in-depth events . The purpose of Transgender Awareness Week is to educate about transgender and gender non-conforming people and the issues associated with their transition or identity .

neg: Postfeminism The term postfeminism ( alternatively rendered as post-feminism ) is used to describe reactions against contradictions and absences in feminism , especially second-wave feminism and third-wave feminism . The term postfeminism is sometimes confused with `` 4th wave-feminism '' , and `` women of color feminism '' ( e.g. hooks , 1996 ; Spivak , 1999 ) . However , by definition feminism strives for gender equality , whereas postfeminism must in some way move past or `` transcend '' the absolute need for gender equality -- something which neither theorists ' definition does .   The ideology of postfeminism is often recognised by its contrast with a prevailing or preceding feminism . Postfeminism strives towards the next stage in gender-related societal progress , and as such is often conceived as in favor of a society that is no longer defined by gender binary and gender role . A postfeminist is a person who believes in , promotes , or embodies any of various ideologies springing from the feminism of the 1970s , whether supportive of or antagonistic towards classical feminism .   Postfeminism can be considered a critical way of understanding the changed relations between feminism , popular culture and femininity . Postfeminism may also present a critique of second-wave feminism or third-wave feminism by questioning the second wave or third-wave 's binary thinking and essentialism , their vision of sexuality , and the perception of relationships between femininity and feminism .   Second-wave feminism is often critiqued for being too ` white ' , too ` straight ' , and too ` liberal ' , and resulting in the needs of women from marginalized groups and cultures being ignored . However , since intersectionality is a product of third-wave feminism , the references to such as postfeminist are open to challenge and may be more properly considered feminist .

neg: Always (brand) Always is a brand of feminine hygiene products , including maxi pads , ultra thin pads , pantiliners , and feminine wipes , produced by Procter & Gamble . It was first introduced in the United States in test markets in the spring of 1983 , then nationally in May of 1984 . By the end of 1984 , Always had also been introduced internationally in United Kingdom , Canada , France , Germany , and Africa . According to Rising Tide : Lessons from 165 Years of Brand Building at Procter & Gamble , Always was Procter & Gamble 's `` first truly global brand . ''   Always is sold under the name Whisper in Japan , Singapore , India , China , South Korea , Philippines , Thailand , Hong Kong , Taiwan , Vietnam , Malaysia , Australia , Cambodia , Mongolia , and Indonesia , under the name Lines in Italy , under the name Orkid in Turkey , and under the names Evax and Ausonia in Spain and Portugal . Marketing for the product includes the company 's BeingGirl website .

neg: Campaign for the Feminine Woman The Campaign for the Feminine Woman ( CFW ) was an organisation in Edwardian England , opposing suffrage for women .   In November 1978 , an organisation of the same name was re-established in the United Kingdom by David Stayt . In February 1985 , it was renamed Concern for Family and Womanhood , but retained `` Campaign for the Feminine Woman '' as a subtitle . A Christian-based organisation , it campaigned for traditional gender differences and roles to be re-established , supported wives remaining at home to look after the household and the children and submitting to their husband as the head of the household , and opposed married women obtaining jobs ( claiming these would be better given to unemployed men ) or any women working in jobs such as the armed forces or frontline policing . It also considered it `` fundamentally unnatural to put women over men '' and therefore considered women should not be in managerial roles or positions of power in the country . It opposed feminism , abortion , promiscuity , and homosexuality , which it considered could be `` cured '' .


query: James Taylor released a compilation album.

pos: Greatest Hits (James Taylor album) Greatest Hits is the first compilation album by American singer-songwriter James Taylor . Released on November 1 , 1976 . To this day , it is the best-selling album of his career .   The album took place in the context of Taylor 's end of his recording contract with Warner Brothers . It features redone versions of `` Carolina in My Mind '' and `` Something in the Way She Moves '' , both of which had been previously included on Taylor 's self-titled debut album in 1968 . It also includes previously unavailable live version of `` Steamroller '' .   The album did not rise higher than # 23 on the Billboard albums chart on its original release . However it became a steady seller for many years , and Greatest Hits has sold over 11,000,000 copies certifying it as a Platinum album eleven times over , and a diamond album once ( for 10 million copies ) .   In August 2012 , the album re-entered the Billboard albums chart at # 15 , which gave the album a new peak .

pos: James Taylor James Vernon Taylor ( born March 12 , 1948 ) is an American singer-songwriter and guitarist . A five-time Grammy Award winner , he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2000 . He is one of the best-selling music artists of all time , having sold more than 100 million records worldwide .   Taylor achieved his breakthrough in 1970 with the No. 3 single `` Fire and Rain '' and had his first No. 1 hit the following year with `` You 've Got a Friend '' , a recording of Carole King 's classic song . His 1976 Greatest Hits album was certified Diamond and has sold 12 million US copies . Following his 1977 album , JT , he has retained a large audience over the decades . Every album that he released from 1977 to 2007 sold over a million copies . His chart performance had a resurgence during the late 1990s and 2000s , when he recorded some of his most-awarded work ( including Hourglass , October Road , and Covers ) . He achieved his first number one album in the US in 2015 with his recording Before This World .   He is notable for his popular covers of other peoples ' songs , such as `` How Sweet It Is ( To Be Loved By You ) '' and the aforementioned `` You 've Got A Friend '' , as well as originals such as `` Fire and Rain '' .

neg: The Definitive Collection (Thin Lizzy album) `` The Definitive Collection '' is a 2006 compilation album from hard rock band Thin Lizzy .

neg: James Hoover James Hoover ( February 28 , 1971 in Morgantown , West Virginia ) is a Grammy Award-winning freelance audio engineer who has worked with performers such as Beyoncé , ZZ Top , Chamillionaire , and many others . Working out of his home base in Houston , Texas , for the past 20 years , James has collaborated with artists , producers , and musicians from around the world .   As a child , James was fascinated by music , learning the piano at age ten . James would often entertain mall patrons when he would play the piano at the resident music store . His talent and affinity for music would continue into high school where he was a member of the marching band , concert band , and jazz studio orchestra . During this time he also taught himself how to play the bass and guitar , adding to his repertoire of piano , synthesizer , trumpet , French horn , and flugelhorn . Over the years , James has been a player in multiple bands , ranging in styles from rock to pop to jazz to metal .  James received his Audio Engineering degree from HCCS and graduated with honors in 1991 . While in college , he began working as a house engineer for Digital Services Recording Studios , a pioneer in the digital audio world and the birthplace of recordings such as : Destiny 's Child 's `` Survivor , '' and Chamillionaire 's `` Ridin ' . '' Shortly after joining the Digital Services team , he became the head engineer , working for countless clients in every genre of music , film , and spoken word , in both live and studio environments . Currently , James is a self-employed freelance engineer specializing in mixing , mastering and recording .

neg: The History of Eric Clapton The History of Eric Clapton is a compilation double LP , released in 1972 by Polydor Records in the United Kingdom , and Atco Records in the United States . It features Eric Clapton performing in various bands between 1964 and 1970 , including The Yardbirds , Cream , Blind Faith and Derek and the Dominos .   The compilation is notable for helping both Clapton 's career when he was battling a severe heroin addiction and making Clapton 's magnum opus , `` Layla '' , famous . It is also notable for being the first compilation in rock music to collect music of a single rock musician that spans time , bands , music styles and record labels .   The album cover picture was taken at George Harrison 's Concert for Bangladesh while Clapton was playing `` While My Guitar Gently Weeps '' on a Gibson Byrdland hollow-body guitar .

neg: Sex Machine (album) Sex Machine is a 1970 double album by James Brown . It showcases the playing of the original J.B. 's lineup featuring Bootsy and Catfish Collins , and includes an 11-minute rendering of the album 's title song , different from the original recording of the title song which was released as a two-part single in 1970 .   Sex Machine purports to be a live recording . However , the first LP 's worth of material consists of tracks recorded in studio settings with added reverberation and overdubbed applause ( some of which subsequently were released in unadulterated mixes , most notably on the 1996 Funk Power compilation CD . ) . All but one track of the second LP apparently were recorded live in concert in Brown 's hometown of Augusta , Georgia , although this material , too , features added reverb and overdubbed applause . It charted # 4 R&B and # 29 Pop .   Sex Machine is often considered to be one of the greatest and most important soul records of all time , and arguably the high point of Brown 's creative heyday from 1967-1971 . It was ranked 1st in SPIN magazine 's 25 greatest albums of all time in 1989 , and 96th in a 2005 survey held by British television 's Channel 4 to determine the 100 greatest albums of all time . Sex Machine was also voted the 34th greatest album of all time in a VH1 poll of over 700 musicians , songwriters , disc jockeys , radio programmers , and critics in 2003 .

neg: Nearness of You: The Ballad Book Nearness of You : The Ballad Book is the seventh studio album of saxophone player Michael Brecker . Accompanied by Herbie Hancock on piano , Pat Metheny on guitars , Charlie Haden on bass , Jack DeJohnette on drums , and a special guest appearance by James Taylor , the album was released by Verve Records on June 19 , 2001 .   Brecker was awarded his 8th Grammy for Best Jazz Instrumental Solo on `` Chan 's Song '' . James Taylor also won his 4th grammy for Best Male Pop Vocal Performance on `` Do n't Let Me Be Lonely Tonight '' . With his win , he became the first American recording artist to garner a win in that category since Michael Bolton in 1992 .

neg: A Soulful Christmas A Soulful Christmas is the 26th studio album by American musician James Brown . The album was released in 1968 , by King .

neg: Miles Davis Volume 2 Miles Davis Volume 2 refers to two separate but related entities . The first is a Miles Davis studio album released by Blue Note Records as a 10-inch LP , as BLP 5022 in 1953 . The six tracks from this LP plus five alternate takes were released on CD in 1990 and remastered with restored artwork in 2001 .   The second Miles Davis Volume 2 is a compilation of tracks from all three of his sessions with the label , released ( with different cover art ) in 1956 as BLP 1502 .   The original 10-inch LP ( BLP 5022 ) contained music from Davis ' second session for Blue Note , recorded April 20 , 1953 . The recording was made at a point in Davis ' life when he was struggling with heroin addiction , and in his autobiography Davis remembers that he , Jimmy Heath , and Art Blakey were all very high in the studio . Davis also states that the song title `` C.T.A. '' was named after Heath 's girlfriend Connie Theresa Ann .   The 1990 CD ( Blue Note CDP 7 81502 2 ) contained the music recorded at the April 20 , 1953 session , including all of the original 10 `` LP , along with alternate takes from the same session , but using the cover art from the 1956 compilation LP . The 2001 CD ( Blue Note 7243 5 32611 2 2 ) remastered by Rudy Van Gelder restored the artwork from BLP 5022 with the same track list . Davis ' other recordings for Blue Note ( in 1952 and 1954 ) are collected on the RVG CD edition of Miles Davis Volume 1 .   The 12-inch LP ( BLP 1502 ) was originally released in 1956 ( following Miles Davis Volume 1 ( BLP 1501 ) ) after Davis won the Down Beat readers poll as best trumpeter . The two volumes of repackaged Miles Davis material were the first releases in Blue Note 's new 1500 series of 12 `` LPs . The music compiled on the two volumes was from three separate recording sessions made over 1952 -- 54 , some of which had been previously issued as singles , and as three now discontinued 10 '' LPs . Volume 2 contained material from all three sessions , and some previously unreleased alternate takes . The master takes of the March 6 , 1954 session , which made up the bulk of the 12 `` LP , had originally been issued in 10 `` LP format under the title Miles Davis , Volume 3 ( BLP 5040 ) , and the May 9 , 1952 material had been previously released the 10 '' LP Young Man with a Horn ( BLP 5013 ) . Some Japanese CD versions reproduce the original 12 `` LP running order .

neg: Compilation (Caustic Window album) Compilation ( also known as Caustic Window Compilation ) is one of only two full length acid house-techno albums by Richard D. James released under his pseudonym of Caustic Window . The album consists of most of the tracks from the EPs Joyrex J4 EP , Joyrex J5 EP , Joyrex J9i and Joyrex J9ii .

neg: Billy Taylor Trio Billy Taylor Trio is an album by American jazz pianist Billy Taylor composed of tracks recorded as singles in 1953 and 1954 for the Prestige label . The album was originally released as two volumes in 1955 and subsequently compiled as a CD in 1995 .

neg: The 12" Collection The 12 '' Collection is a compilation album by British rock band Queen . It features various 12-inch single format recordings and remixes . `` Bohemian Rhapsody '' was never released on a 12-inch single and the sleeve notes state that it is included due to its length .   `` The Show Must Go On '' did appear on a 12-inch single . However it was not extended and appears on this album in the same format as before . The sleeve notes do not mention why it was included .

neg: Queen of Soul (album) Queen of Soul is the sixth studio album by American Blues artist , Etta James . The album was released on Argo Records in 1965 , featuring the singles James had released during the year .   Two songs on the album : `` Baby What You Want Me to Do '' and `` Loving You More Every Day '' charted on the Rhythm and Blues and Billboard Pop Chart . It was James 's first studio album in two years since the release of Etta James Top Ten . Like her previous releases , Queen of Soul was released on a 12-inch LP album , and has not been reissued since . It consisted of ten tracks , with five on each side of the LP .   Allmusic rated the album three out of five stars .

neg: CTI Records CTI Records ( Creed Taylor Incorporated ) is a jazz record label founded in 1967 by producer/A & R manager Creed Taylor . Its first album release was Wes Montgomery 's A Day In The Life in 1967 . The latest new release , by the CTI Jazz All-Star Band , was recorded live at the Montreux Jazz Festival in 2009 , but released only in Japan in November 2010 on multiple formats : CD , DVD and Blu-ray . Initially , CTI was a subsidiary of A&M Records , then the label went independent in 1970 . Its roster of artists included George Benson , Bob James , Walter Wanderley , Freddie Hubbard , Hubert Laws , Stanley Turrentine , Ron Carter , Antonio Carlos Jobim , and Deodato .   Kudu Records , CTI 's sister label , was launched in 1971 and was oriented towards soul jazz featuring releases by Grover Washington , Jr. ; Esther Phillips ; Hank Crawford ; Johnny Hammond ; Grant Green ; Joe Beck ; Lonnie Smith ; and Idris Muhammad .   Salvation Records was a subsidiary label which released 10 albums during its existence including material by Roland Hanna , Johnny Hammond , Gábor Szabó , Airto , the New York Jazz Quartet , and , in the 1990s , Faith Howard .   Greenestreet ( which featured albums by Jack Wilkins , Claudio Roditi , Les McCann ) and Three Brothers ( which featured releases by Cassandra Morgan , The Clams , Lou Christie , and Duke Jones ) were also short-lived labels affiliated with CTI .

neg: The Collection (Bonnie Tyler album) The Collection is a compilation album by Welsh singer Bonnie Tyler , released by Demon Music Group on 4 November 2013 . The compilation contains tracks from Tyler 's 1980s albums , and includes several rare tracks . The album was re-issued on 17 February 2017 .

neg: Highway Song Highway Song may refer to :   `` Highway Song ( James Taylor song ) '' from James Taylor 's 1971 album Mudslide Slim and the Blue Horizon  `` Highway Song '' , a song by the hard rock band Blackfoot , from their album , Strikes  `` Highway Song '' , a song by Krokus from To You All  `` Highway Song '' , a song by System of a Down from Steal This Album !  `` Highway Song '' , a song by Hot Tuna from Burgers ( album )

neg: Ultimate Waylon Jennings Ultimate Waylon Jennings is a compilation album by American country music artist Waylon Jennings . It was released by RCA Records on March 23 , 2004 . The album peaked at number 16 on the Billboard Top Country Albums chart . The album has sold 631,300 copies in the United States as of April 2017 .

neg: J Is for Jackson 5 J Is for Jackson 5 is a compilation of music from The Jackson 5 . The album was released under Universal Motown 's `` Universal Music Family '' line , compiling hits suitable for children and their parents .

neg: Time After Time (Etta James album) Time After Time is the twenty-first studio album by Etta James , released in 1995 . The album reached a peak position of number five on Billboard Top Jazz Albums chart .

neg: Come and Get It: The Best of Apple Records Come and Get It : The Best of Apple Records is a greatest hits compilation album containing songs by artists signed to the Beatles ' Apple record label between 1968 and 1973 . The first such multi-artist Apple compilation , it was released on 25 October 2010 . Among the artists are Badfinger , Mary Hopkin , James Taylor , Billy Preston , Jackie Lomax , Ronnie Spector and Hot Chocolate . In most cases , the recordings were produced by one of the Beatles , with George Harrison and Paul McCartney being the most heavily represented on the album .

neg: Blow All My Blues Away Blow All My Blues Away is a nine-disc compilation album by Janis Joplin . The album gathers rare , unreleased and alternate songs and performances by Joplin , from her very first live recordings in 1962 until 1970 .

neg: Don't Let Me Be Lonely Tonight `` Do n't Let Me Be Lonely Tonight '' is a song written and performed by American singer-songwriter James Taylor , from his 1972 album One Man Dog . It was released as the lead single from the album , and peaked at # 14 on the Billboard charts on January 13 , 1973 .   The song has been included on three of Taylor 's greatest-hits collection albums : Greatest Hits ( 1976 ) , Classic Songs ( 1987 ) and The Best of James Taylor ( 2003 ) .   It has been recorded by various pop and jazz artists , notably The Isley Brothers and Isaac Hayes , along with saxophonist Boney James , whose version was also released as a single .


query: Slovakia joined in Eurozone in November 2009.

pos: Slovakia Slovakia ( listen ) , is a landlocked country in Central Europe . It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west , Poland to the north , Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south . Slovakia 's territory spans about 49000 km2 and is mostly mountainous . The population is over 5 million and comprises mostly ethnic Slovaks . The capital and largest city is Bratislava . The official language is Slovak .   The Slavs arrived in the territory of present-day Slovakia in the 5th and 6th centuries . In the 7th century , they played a significant role in the creation of Samo 's Empire and in the 9th century established the Principality of Nitra . In the 10th century , the territory was integrated into the Kingdom of Hungary , which itself became part of the Ottoman Empire and the Austro-Hungarian Empire . After World War I and the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire , the Slovaks and Czechs established Czechoslovakia . A separate ( First ) Slovak Republic ( 1939 -- 1945 ) existed in World War II as a client state of Nazi Germany . In 1945 , Czechoslovakia was re-established under Communist rule as a Soviet satellite . In 1989 the Velvet Revolution ended authoritarian Communist rule in Czechoslovakia . Slovakia became an independent state on 1 January 1993 after the peaceful dissolution of Czechoslovakia , sometimes known as the Velvet Divorce .   Slovakia is a high-income advanced economy with a very high Human Development Index , a very high standard of living and performs favourably in measurements of civil liberties , press freedom , internet freedom , democratic governance and peacefulness . The country maintains a combination of market economy with a comprehensive social security system . Citizens of Slovakia are provided with universal health care , free education and one of the longest paid maternity leave in the OECD . The country joined the European Union in 2004 and the Eurozone on 1 January 2009 . Slovakia is also a member of the Schengen Area , NATO , the United Nations , the OECD , the WTO , CERN , the OSCE , the Council of Europe and the Visegrád Group . The Slovak economy is one of the fastest growing economies in Europe and 3rd fastest in eurozone . Its legal tender , the Euro , is the world 's 2nd most traded currency . Although regional income inequality is high , 90 % of citizens own their homes . In 2016 , Slovak citizens had visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to 165 countries and territories , ranking the Slovak passport 11th in the world . Slovakia is the world 's largest per-capita car producer with a total of 1,040,000 cars manufactured in the country in 2016 alone and the 7th largest car producer in the European Union . The car industry represents 43 % of Slovakia 's industrial output , and a quarter of its exports .

neg: Platform of European Memory and Conscience The Platform of European Memory and Conscience is an educational project of the European Union bringing together government institutions and NGOs from EU countries active in research , documentation , awareness raising and education about the crimes of totalitarian regimes . Its membership include 55 government agencies and NGOs from 13 EU member states as well as from the United States , such as the Institute of National Remembrance , the Berlin-Hohenschönhausen Memorial , the Stasi Records Agency and the Victims of Communism Memorial Foundation . The platform has offices in Prague and Brussels .   The platform was founded in Prague on the occasion of the summit of Prime Ministers of the Visegrád Group on 14 October 2011 . The signing ceremony took place in the Lichtenstein Palace under the auspices of Czech Prime Minister Petr Nečas , Polish Prime Minister and President of the European Council Donald Tusk , and Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán . Its goal is described as helping `` prevent intolerance , extremism , anti-democratic movements and the recurrence of any totalitarian rule in the future . ''   The initiative was originally proposed by the Institute for the Study of Totalitarian Regimes and the Government of the Czech Republic , and the 2008 Prague Declaration on European Conscience and Communism ; on 2 April 2009 , the European Parliament passed a resolution in favour of the initiative , and in June 2009 , the Council of the European Union welcomed the initiative . The Platform of European Memory and Conscience was founded as an initiative of the Polish EU presidency in 2011 , after the project had been promoted by the Czech EU presidency already in 2009 and by the Hungarian EU presidency in 2011 . The secretariat of the Platform of European Memory and Conscience was originally hosted by the Institute for the Study of Totalitarian Regimes , and the platform has received a strategic grant from the International Visegrád Fund . The founding institutions included government agencies of the Czech Republic , Poland , Germany , Hungary , Romania , Lithuania , Estonia , and Latvia , as well as several NGOs . The organisation 's strategic partners include the International Visegrád Fund and the Konrad Adenauer Foundation . The motto of the platform is `` democracy matters . ''

neg: Eurosystem The Eurosystem is the monetary authority of the eurozone , the collective of European Union member states that have adopted the euro as their sole official currency . The ECB has , under Article 16 of its Statute , the exclusive right to authorise the issuance of euro banknotes . Member states can issue euro coins , but the amount must be authorised by the ECB beforehand .   The Eurosystem consists of the European Central Bank and the national central banks ( NCB ) of the 19 member states that are part of the eurozone . The national central banks apply the monetary policy of the ECB . The primary objective of the Eurosystem is price stability . Secondary objectives are financial stability and financial integration . The mission statement of the Eurosystem says that the ECB and the national central banks jointly contribute to achieving the objectives .   The Eurosystem is independent . When performing Eurosystem-related tasks , neither the ECB , nor an NCB , nor any member of their decision-making bodies may seek or take instructions from any external body . The Community institutions and bodies and the governments of the member states may not seek to influence the members of the decision-making bodies of the ECB or of the NCBs in the performance of their tasks .   The Eurosystem is distinct from the European System of Central Banks ( ESCB ) , which comprises the ECB and the central banks of all European Union member states , including those that are not part of the eurozone .

neg: FIBA EuroBasket 2009 qualification This page describes the qualification procedure for EuroBasket 2009 .

neg: Denmark–Slovakia relations Denmark -- Slovakia relations refers to the current and historical relations between Denmark and Slovakia . Denmark has an embassy in Bratislava . Slovakia has an embassy in Copenhagen . The relations between Denmark and Slovakia are described as good and friendly . Denmark has a trade office in Slovakia . Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO . On 4 September 2002 , a Memorandum Of Understanding between the two countries , were signed .

neg: Ukraine–European Union relations Relations between Ukraine and the European Union ( EU ) are currently shaped through the European Neighbourhood Policy ( ENP ) , a foreign policy instrument of the EU designed for the countries it borders .  The EU is seeking an increasingly close relationship with Ukraine , going beyond co-operation , to gradual economic integration and deepening of political co-operation . Ukraine is a priority partner within the ENP .   In 2012 , the EU initialled deals on free trade and political association with Ukraine ; however , EU leaders stated that these agreements would not be ratified unless Ukraine addresses concerns over a `` stark deterioration of democracy and the rule of law '' , including the imprisonment of Yulia Tymoshenko and Yuriy Lutsenko in 2011 and 2012 . Deadlines were set for Ukraine to carry out the required changes to its justice and electoral systems in order to enable the formal signing of their agreements with the EU in Vilnius on 29 November 2013 . But although the then Ukrainian President Viktor Yanukovych had urged the Ukrainian parliament to adopt laws so that Ukraine could meet the EU 's criteria , the Ukrainian government suspended preparations for signing the association agreement on 21 November 2013 . Yanukovych still attended the aforementioned EU summit in Vilnius on 28 -- 29 November 2013 where the association agreement was originally planned to be signed but it was not . The decision to put off signing the association agreement led to pro-EU Euromaidan movement . These led to the removal of Yanukovych and his government by parliament after the 2014 Ukrainian revolution in February 2014 . Since then , Ukraine has been striving towards integration into the European Union whilst the eastern part of the county has been engaged in pro-Russian unrest , opposing the Euromaidan movement .   The political part of the Association Agreement was signed on 21 March 2014 by the new Prime Minister , Arseniy Yatsenyuk . Meanwhile , the EU has attempted to stabilize Ukraine by freezing assets of allegedly corrupt Russians and Ukrainians and by granting financial aid to Ukraine . The economic part of the Ukraine -- European Union Association Agreement was signed on 27 June 2014 by the new President , Petro Poroshenko , who described this as Ukraine 's `` first but most decisive step '' towards EU membership . Poroshenko also set 2020 as a target for an EU membership application . On January 1 , 2016 , Ukraine joined the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area with the EU .

neg: Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement The Ukraine -- European Union Association Agreement is a European Union Association Agreement between the European Union ( EU ) , Euratom , Ukraine and the EU 's 28 member states ( which are separate parties in addition to the EU and Euratom ) . It establishes a political and economic association between the parties . The agreement has not entered into force , but parts are applied provisionally . The parties committed to co-operate and converge economic policy , legislation , and regulation across a broad range of areas , including equal rights for workers , steps towards visa-free movement of people , the exchange of information and staff in the area of justice , the modernisation of Ukraine 's energy infrastructure , and access to the European Investment Bank . The parties committed to regular summit meetings , and meetings among ministers , other officials , and experts . The agreement furthermore establishes a Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area between the parties .   The agreement commits Ukraine to economic , judicial , and financial reforms to converge its policies and legislation to those of the European Union . Ukraine commits to gradually conform to EU technical and consumer standards . The EU agrees to provide Ukraine with political and financial support , access to research and knowledge , and preferential access to EU markets . The agreement commits both parties to promote a gradual convergence toward the EU 's Common Security and Defence Policy and European Defence Agency policies .   The agreement comes after more than two decades in which both parties sought to establish closer ties with each other . On the one hand , the European Union wants to ensure that its imports of grain and natural gas from Ukraine , as well as its exports of goods to Ukraine , are not threatened by instability in the region , believing that instability could eventually be reduced through sociopolitical and economic reforms in Ukraine . Ukraine , on the other hand , wants to increase its exports by benefiting from free trade with the European Union while attracting desirable external investments , as well as establishing closer ties with a sociopolitical entity to which many Ukrainians feel strong cultural connection . Western Ukraine is found to be generally more enthusiastic about EU membership than Eastern Ukraine .   The political provisions of the treaty were signed on 21 March 2014 after a series of events that had stalled its ratification culminated in a revolution in Ukraine and overthrow of the then incumbent President of Ukraine , Viktor Yanukovych . This ousting was sparked by Yanukovych 's refusal to sign the agreement . Russia , Ukraine 's second largest trading partner , instead presented an association with the existing Customs Union of Russia , Belarus , and Kazakhstan as an alternative . After 21 March 2014 matters relating to trade integration were temporarily set aside ( awaiting the results of the 25 May 2014 Ukrainian presidential elections ) until the European Union and the new Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko signed the economic part of the Ukraine -- European Union Association Agreement on 27 June 2014 , and described this as Ukraine 's `` first but most decisive step '' towards EU membership .   As of January 2016 the Agreement has been applied provisionally ( Titles III , V , VI and VII , and the related Annexes and Protocols have been provisionally applied since 1 November 2014 , while Title IV has been applied from 1 January 2016 ) . , as far as the provisions concern EU competences . Provisions shall formally come into force upon ratification of the Agreement by all signatories .

neg: Robert Fico Robert Fico ( -LSB- ˈrobert ˈfit͡so -RSB- ; born 15 September 1964 ) is a Slovak politician who has been Prime Minister of Slovakia since 4 April 2012 ; previously he was Prime Minister from 4 July 2006 to 8 July 2010 . He has been the leader of the Direction -- Social Democracy ( SMER-SD ) party since 1999 . First elected to Parliament in 1992 ( whilst within Czechoslovakia ) , he was later appointed to the Council of Europe . Following his party 's victory in the 2006 parliamentary election , he formed the first Fico Cabinet .   While later in opposition , Fico again sat as a member of parliament , effectively as leader of the opposition . Following a motion of confidence against the Iveta Radičová cabinet , Fico was re-appointed as Prime Minister after leading SMER-SD to a landslide election victory in the 2012 parliamentary election , winning 83 seats and forming a government with an absolute majority in Parliament , the first such since 1989 .   In 2013 , Fico officially declared his candidacy for the 2014 presidential election , but he lost to Andrej Kiska in the second round of voting on 29 March 2014 .

neg: Lithuania and the euro Lithuania is an EU member state which joined the Eurozone by adopting the euro on 1 January 2015 .   This made it the last of the three Baltic states to adopt the euro , after Estonia ( 2011 ) and Latvia ( 2014 ) . Before then , its currency , the litas , was pegged to the euro at 3.4528 litas to 1 euro .

neg: Slovakia at the FIFA World Cup This is a record of Slovakia 's results at the FIFA World Cup . The FIFA World Cup , sometimes called the Football World Cup or the Soccer World Cup , but usually referred to simply as the World Cup , is an international association football competition contested by the men 's national teams of the members of Fédération Internationale de Football Association ( FIFA ) , the sport 's global governing body . The championship has been awarded every four years since the first tournament in 1930 , except in 1942 and 1946 , due to World War II .   The tournament consists of two parts , the qualification phase and the final phase ( officially called the World Cup Finals ) . The qualification phase , which currently take place over the three years preceding the Finals , is used to determine which teams qualify for the Finals . The current format of the Finals involves 32 teams competing for the title , at venues within the host nation ( or nations ) over a period of about a month . The World Cup Finals is the most widely viewed sporting event in the world , with an estimated 715.1 million people watching the 2006 tournament final .   Slovakia have appeared in the finals of the FIFA World Cup on one occasion in 2010 where they reached the second round .

neg: Montenegro and the euro Montenegro has no currency of its own . From 1996 the Deutsche Mark was the de facto currency in all private and banking transactions and it was formally adopted as Montenegro 's currency in November 1999 . The mark was replaced by the euro in 2002 without any objections from the European Central Bank ( ECB ) .   The European Commission and the ECB have since voiced their discontent over Montenegro 's unilateral use of the euro on several occasions , with Amelia Torres , a spokesperson for the European Commission , saying `` The conditions for the adoption of the euro are clear . That means , first and foremost , to be a member of the EU . '' A statement attached to their Stabilisation and Association Agreement with the EU read : `` unilateral introduction of the euro was not compatible with the Treaty . ''   The EU insists on the strict adherence to convergence criteria ( such as spending at least 2 years in the ERMII system ) which are not negotiable before euro adoption , but have not intervened to stop the unilateral use of the euro by Montenegro . The EU has raised concerns of Montenegro 's state debt , which had risen to 57 percent of GDP by 2011 .   Officials from the Central Bank of Montenegro have indicated on several occasions that the European institutions do expect them to strictly follow ERM rules , particularly because of their EU accession process . Nikola Fabris , chief economist of the Central Bank of Montenegro , has said that the situation was different when they adopted the euro , and that other states which were considering unilaterally adopting the euro , such as Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina , would face sanctions from the EU and have their accession process suspended if they went ahead .   On 17 December 2010 Montenegro was granted candidate status to join the European Union . The issue is expected to be resolved through the negotiations process . The ECB has stated that the implications of unilateral euro adoption `` would be spelled out at the latest in the event of possible negotiations on EU accession . '' Diplomats have suggested that it is unlikely Montenegro will be forced to withdraw the euro from circulation in their country . Radoje Žugić , Montenegro 's Minister of Finance , has stated that `` it would be extremely economically irrational to return to our own currency and then later to again go back to the euro . '' Instead , he hopes that Montenegro will be permitted to keep the euro and has promised `` the government of Montenegro will adopt some certain elements which should fulfil the conditions for further use of the euro , such as adopting fiscal rules . ''   Unlike official members of the eurozone , Montenegro does not mint coins and therefore has no distinctive national design .

neg: European Parliament election, 2004 (Slovakia) The European Parliament election of 2004 in Slovakia was the election of MEP representing Slovakia constituency for the 2004-2009 term of the European Parliament . It was part of the wider 2004 European election . The vote took place on June 13 . The turnout was lowest of any country in the European Union . Support evenly distributed among five parties .

neg: 2009–10 Czech Extraliga season The 2009 -- 10 Czech Extraliga season was the 17th season of the Czech Extraliga since its creation after the breakup of Czechoslovakia and the Czechoslovak First Ice Hockey League in 1993 . In the regular season , Plzeň 1929 finished atop the league , Roman Červenka led the league in points and assists , and Petr Ton led the league in goals .

neg: Slovak Socialist Republic From 1969 to 1990 , the Slovak Socialist Republic ( Slovenská socialistická republika in Slovak ; abbreviated SSR ) was the official name of that part of Czechoslovakia that is Slovakia today . The name was used from 1 January 1969 until March 1990 .

neg: Greek financial audits, 2009–10 Audits of Greece 's public finances during the period 2009 -- 2010 were undertaken by the EU authorities . Since joining the Euro zone , Greece 's public finances markedly deviated from the debt and deficit limits set by Stability and Growth Pact .   Against this backdrop , a 2004 external audit exposed creative accounting practices understating the problem , putting the EU authorities on alert thereafter . In 2009 , the Greek government-debt crisis developed , and the EU authorities suspected again a lack of credibility in its book keeping , hence the audits .   This caused political and financial market turmoil . For instance , it reignited a controversy about Greece 's off-market swaps contracted with Goldman Sachs in 2001 . The accounts for the period 2006 -- 2009 , including debt and deficits levels , were regularized . The lasting effects were institutional changes in Greece and at the EU level in the area of fiscal data . There remains , nonetheless , an ongoing controversy about methodological issued that affected the extent of revisions .

neg: Kosovo and the euro Before Kosovo declared independence in 2008 , Kosovo unilaterally adopted the euro as its currency in 2002 when it was a United Nations mandate ; although , it is not an official eurozone member .

neg: Slovak Brotherhood The Slovak Brotherhood or Slovenská pospolitosť is a civil society group in Slovakia . ` Slovenská ' means `` Slovak '' ; ` pospolitosť ' is a rather archaic word meaning `` solidarity '' or `` community '' or `` togetherness '' . The group has been characterised as `` extremist . ''   Slovenská pospolitosť was formed in 1996 to bring together sections of the local far right population and place them under the leadership of more astute ideologues . The group has links to the International Third Position and has posted details of its activities on their websites . The movement has come under increasing pressure from the government of Slovakia in 2005 , to the extent where the leading member Ján Kopunek has claimed that the Slovak police have been ordered to crush the group entirely . Since then , Marian Kotleba has been charged with hate crimes in absentia . Later , Kotleba was charged for finishing one of his speeches with `` Na stráž ! '' the phrase used in the fascist Hlinka Guard . After that the charges were dropped as it `` could n't be proven that the phrase itself constitutes the promotion of fascism '' . However the American embassy in Bratislava characterised the groups activities as `` commemorating the wartime fascist state and to spread messages of intolerance against ethnic and religious minorities . ''   In 2006 , Kotleba tried to transform the group into a political party ( Slovak Togetherness - National Party ) . The party was dissolved by the Supreme Court because of its non-compliance with the Constitution ( restriction of universal suffrage , replacement of the party system by the state of estates ) as the first and yet only dissolved political party in the modern history of Slovakia . The group then continued to exist as a civil society . Also in this form it was temporarily banned by the Interior Ministry for `` activities that incite hatred and national , racial , religious as well as political intolerance '' , but the Slovak Supreme Court reinstated the group , claiming that `` the legal conditions for disbanding Slovenská Pospolitosť had not been met . '' The group resumes operation unhindered .   In August 2009 the group led a march in protest at the local Roma community during which members threw rocks and bottles at police , resulting in over 30 arrests and seven injuries .   They have been associated with the European National Front and support their ideas of European nationalist unity . They hosted a meeting for some affiliated groups in 2004 .

neg: Fenerbahçe Women Euroleague 2009–10 The 2009 -- 10 season was the 19th edition of Europe 's premier basketball tournament for women - EuroLeague Women since it was rebranded to its current format .

neg: National Council (Slovakia) The National Council ( Národná rada ) , abbreviated to NR SR , is the national parliament of Slovakia . It is unicameral , and consists of 150 members , who are elected by universal suffrage under proportional representation with seats distributed via Hagenbach-Bischoff quota every four years .   Slovakia 's parliament has been called the ` National Council ' since 1 October 1992 . From 1969 to 1992 , its predecessor , the parliament of the Slovak part of Czechoslovakia , was called the Slovak National Council ( Slovenská národná rada ) .   The National Council approves domestic legislation , constitutional laws , and the annual budget . Its consent is required to ratify international treaties , and is responsible for approving military operations . It also elects individuals to some positions in the executive and judiciary as specified by law .   The parliament building is situated on the castle hill , next to Bratislava Castle in Alexander Dubček Square .

neg: Seventh European Parliament The seventh European Parliament was elected in the 2009 elections and lasted until the 2014 elections .

neg: Rail transport in Slovakia Rail transport in Slovakia began on 21 September 1840 , with the opening of the first horse-powered line from Bratislava to Svätý Jur ( at that time in Kingdom of Hungary ) . The first steam-powered line , from Bratislava to Vienna , opened on 20 August 1848 .   The modern Železnice Slovenskej republiky company was established in 1993 as a successor of the Československé státní drahy in Slovakia . Until 1996 it had formal monopoly on railroad transportation in the country , which remained a de facto monopoly until the advent of private operators entering the network in the early 2010s . Private passenger service operators include RegioJet , which operate trains between Prague ( Czech Republic ) and Košice , Žilina and Košice , Žilina and Bratislava and on the Komárno - Dunajská Streda - Bratislava route . There are plans to win more tenders in Slovakia .   Since 2002 a law divided the company : ŽSR was left with infrastructure maintenance and passenger and cargo transport was moved into company '' Železničná spoločnosť , a. s. '' ( ZSSK ) . In 2005 this new company was further split into '' Železničná spoločnosť Slovensko , a. s. '' ( ZSSK ) providing Passenger transport services and '' Železničná spoločnosť Cargo Slovakia , a. s. '' ( ZSSK Cargo ) providing cargo services . Freight transport is operated by ZSCS and around 30 private companies .   Slovakia is a member of the International Union of Railways ( UIC ) . The UIC Country Code for Slovakia is 56 .