query: Thirteen was directed by someone.

pos: Thirteen (2003 film) Thirteen is a 2003 American semi-autobiographical drama film , directed by Catherine Hardwicke , and written by Hardwicke and Nikki Reed , based on events from Reed 's life at age 12 and 13 . It stars Evan Rachel Wood , with Wood 's character `` Tracy '' being loosely based upon Reed . Nikki Reed herself co-stars in the role of Evie Zamora . The script was written in six days .   The film caused controversy upon its release , because it dealt with topics like drugs such as inhalants , marijuana , and alcohol , underage sexual behavior , and self-harm . The film earned Holly Hunter an Academy Award nomination for Best Actress in a Supporting Role and Golden Globe nominations for Hunter and Evan Rachel Wood for Best Supporting Actress and Best Actress in a Drama , respectively .

neg: 1 (2013 film) 1 or 1 : Life On The Limit is a 2013 documentary film directed by Paul Crowder and narrated by Michael Fassbender . The film traces the history of Formula One auto racing from its early years , in which some seasons had multiple fatalities , to the 1994 death of Ayrton Senna , the sport 's most recent death at the time of production . Extensive and often rare archival footage is used throughout .

neg: 13 posterunek 13 posterunek ( literally translated as Police Station No. 13 ) is a Polish sitcom series directed and scripted by Maciej Ślesicki , starring Cezary Pazura and Marek Perepeczko . The whole series is made of eighty-three episodes and divided on two seasons which first of is made of 41 and the second - named 13 posterunek 2 - of 42 . Episodes number 41 and 83 are actually backstage episodes .

neg: Adam Davenport Adam Davenport ( born May 27 , 1984 ) is an American film director , screenwriter , stage actor and music producer .

neg: Åke Sandgren Åke Sandgren ( born 13 May 1955 ) is a Swedish-Danish film director and screenwriter . He has written and directed a number of films in a variety of genres , mostly in Denmark where he now lives .

neg: Brent Ryan Green Brent Ryan Green ( born March 19 , 1984 ) is an American film director and producer .

neg: General Education (film) General Education is a 2012 comedy film , directed by Tom Morris , starring Chris Sheffield , Maiara Walsh , Elaine Hendrix , Bobby Campo , Janeane Garofalo and Larry Miller and produced by Pelican House Productions . The film was shot in Chico and Gridley , California .

neg: Alexander Payne Alexander Payne ( born Constantine Alexander Payne ; February 10 , 1961 ) is an American film director , screenwriter , and producer , known for the films Citizen Ruth ( 1996 ) , Election ( 1999 ) , About Schmidt ( 2002 ) , Sideways ( 2004 ) , The Descendants ( 2011 ) , and Nebraska ( 2013 ) . His films are noted for their dark humor and satirical depictions of contemporary American society . Payne is a two-time winner of the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay , and a three-time nominee of the Academy Award for Best Director .

neg: Hannah Fidell Hannah Margalit Fidell ( born October 7 , 1985 ) is an American film director , producer and screenwriter , known for her directorial debut drama film A Teacher ( 2013 ) . She also wrote and directed the romantic drama film 6 Years ( 2015 ) .

neg: Mark 13 (disambiguation) Mark 13 or Mk 13 can refer to :   Mark 13 , thirteenth chapter of the Gospel of Mark in the New Testament of the Christian Bible  Mark 13 nuclear bomb , experimental nuclear weapon developed by the United States from 1951 to 1954  Mark 13 torpedo , U.S. Navy 's most common aerial torpedo of World War II  Mk 13 missile launcher , guided missile launching system for naval vessels  MK 13 MOD 0 , Enhanced Grenade Launching Module for the FN SCAR Combat Assault Rifle  M.A.R.K. 13 , a 1990 science-fiction and horror movie .

neg: Thirteen Strings Thirteen Strings is a chamber orchestra in Ottawa , Canada . It was founded in 1976 by Brian Law , then conductor of the Ottawa Symphony Orchestra , who led the ensemble until 1991 . Its initial members were drawn from the National Arts Centre Orchestra . The performances are often supplemented by vocal or instrumental soloists . Jean-François Rivest was the Artistic Director from 1999 to 2006 . The present Artistic Director is Kevin Mallon . The ensemble performs in such venues as St Andrew 's Presbyterian Church and Dominion-Chalmers United Church .  Thirteen strings also organizes Junior Thirteen Strings , which consists of Ottawa region teen string players ages 12-17 carefully selected to play with the Thirteen Strings in a concert during their regular season .

neg: Francis Reusser Francis Reusser ( born 1942 ) is a Swiss film director . He has directed thirteen films since 1968 . His film Derborence was entered into the 1985 Cannes Film Festival .

neg: Adam Marcus (director) Adam Marcus ( born 1968 ) is an American film director , writer and actor .   Marcus was born in Westport , Connecticut and attended Staples High School . He started his career at the age of fifteen , when he co-created the Westport Theatreworks Theatrical Company where he directed and produced over fifty shows in seven years . He then attended New York University where he won the coveted Best Picture Award at the Student Academy Awards in 1990 for his film , '' ... so you like this girl '' . In 1991 , Marcus was called out to Los Angeles by filmmaker Sean S. Cunningham ( the director of the original Friday the 13th ) to work on producing and directing features . That same year , he co-produced Johnny Zombie ( retitled My Boyfriend 's Back ) for Cunningham and Disney Studios .   In 1993 , Marcus wrote the story for and directed the ninth film in the Friday the 13th series , Jason Goes to Hell : The Final Friday for New Line . He was 23 at the time and the youngest director ever hired by the studio . The three million dollar feature went on to gross over eighteen million domestically and became one of New Line Video 's largest releases ever .   Marcus and his writing partner Debra Sullivan then turned their attention to screenwriting for Paramount ( the adaptation of James Patterson 's Virgin , later titled Cradle and All ) and Fox ( the original Black Autumn ) . In 1995 , Marcus created the theater company Damn Skippy Theatreworks in L.A. . In the Summer and Fall of 1998 Marcus directed the independently financed feature film comedy , Let It Snow ( aka Snow Days ) . The picture marked the return of Bernadette Peters in a feature film after an eight-year absence from film work . The film screened at the Independent Feature Film Market ( IFFM ) in New York City where it was singled out as the most successful film at the market by Variety , Time Out IndieWire . Let It Snow had its world premiere at the American Film Institute 's Los Angeles International Film Festival ( AFI 's LAIFF ) in competition in the New Visions Category ; the film won awards at the festival for Best New Writer and Best Editing . The film then went on to be an official selection of Sundance 2000 in the American Spectrum section where it was given two extra screenings and sold out all seven of its showings . Then came the New York/Avignon film festival and the Deauville festival in France , where the film received critical acclaim . Let It Snow received positive reviews from Variety , The Hollywood Reporter , Ai n't It Cool News , The New York Times , and The Gore Score as well as a number of other publications worldwide .   Marcus then turned to television , where he sold several series to Bright/Kauffman/Crane Productions , Imagine Television , NBC , Fox and The WB . In 2008 , Marcus directed the feature film Conspiracy for Sony Pictures , which he co-wrote with Debra Sullivan . The film was shot in Santa Fe , New Mexico with Val Kilmer , Jennifer Esposito and Gary Cole .   Marcus completed the pilot presentation Fitz and Slade and is currently co-writing , directing and serving as executive producer on the web series Connected .   In 2013 Marcus co-wrote the reboot of The Texas Chainsaw Massacre series , Texas Chainsaw 3D with partner Sullivan and Stephen Susco , which was the first number-one box office film in North America of the year . He co-wrote with Sullivan the feature film Cabin Fever : Outbreak and is directing and co-writing The Plantation , an adaptation of Val Lewton 's RKO classic I Walked with a Zombie .   Adam 's script for Momentum ( aka Gravity ) , co-written by Sullivan , began production in South Africa starting January 2014 . The film was the directorial debut of Stephen Campanelli and stars Morgan Freeman , James Purefoy and Olga Kurylenko . The film premiered at the Fantasia International Film Festival in 2015 .   Marcus is the brother of Young Artist Award-nominated actor Kipp Marcus . Marcus attended NYU 's Tisch School of the Arts .

neg: Roman Polanski sexual abuse case In March 1977 , film director Roman Polanski was arrested and charged in Los Angeles with five offenses against Samantha Gailey , a 13-year-old girl -- rape by use of drugs , perversion , sodomy , lewd and lascivious act upon a child under 14 , and furnishing a controlled substance to a minor . At his arraignment Polanski pleaded not guilty to all charges , but later accepted a plea bargain whose terms included dismissal of the five initial charges in exchange for a guilty plea to the lesser charge of engaging in unlawful sexual intercourse .   Polanski underwent a court-ordered psychiatric evaluation , and a report was submitted to the court recommending probation . However , upon learning that he was likely to face imprisonment and deportation , Polanski fled to France in February 1978 , hours before he was to be formally sentenced . Since then Polanski has mostly lived in France and has avoided visiting countries likely to extradite him to the United States .

neg: Shameless (2012 film) Shameless ( Bez wstydu ) is a 2012 Polish drama film directed by Filip Marczewski .

neg: Ultra Dance 13 Ultra Dance 13 is a compilation DJ mix album featuring songs from the dance music genre as well as dance remixes of songs . It is the thirteenth album in the Ultra Dance series . It was released by Ultra Records on February 7 , 2012 .   The album peaked at number 157 on the Billboard 200 chart as well as at number 10 on the Top Dance/Electronic Albums chart .

neg: Eva Krížiková filmography The filmography of Eva Krížiková chronicles her film work through the artist 's 60 years as a motion picture actress . She initially entered the film industry through a minor , backup role in Paľo Bielik 's work The Mountains Are Stirring from 1952 . Her first starring role came shortly after that , in Friday the 13th ( 1953 ) , also by Bielik . However Krížiková has been cast in only eighteen feature films in total , her name has been credited in over five hundred productions made for television , one-hundred-twenty-three of which represent TV films and/or series .

neg: 13th Critics' Choice Awards The 13th Critics ' Choice Awards were given on 7 January 2008 to honor the finest achievements in 2007 filmmaking . D. L. Hughley hosted the event .

neg: Mad Buddies Mad Buddies is a 2012 comedy film directed by Gray Hofmeyr , co-written by Gray Hofmeyr and Leon Schuster and starring Leon Schuster , Kenneth Nkosi , Tanit Phoenix and Alfred Ntombela . Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures acquired the film 's distribution rights and released the film through the Touchstone Pictures banner . This production is an unofficial remake of the Jamie Uys films Fifty/Vyftig , Hans En Die Rooinek and All The Way To Paris : films which , like this one , depict two adversaries having to assist each other to get out of awkward situations .

neg: Antidote Films For the Australian film distribution company , see Antidote Films ( Australia ) .   Antidote Films , also known as Antidote International Films , Inc. , is an independent film production company founded by producer Jeff Levy-Hinte based in the Hudson Square neighborhood of New York City . In 2008 , Antidote completed several documentaries , including Soul Power and The Dungeon Masters , both of which premiered at the 2008 Toronto International Film Festival .   Antidote produced Roman Polanski : Wanted and Desired , a documentary directed by Marina Zenovich , which was nominated for the Grand Jury Prize and winner of the Documentary Editing Award at the 2008 Sundance Film Festival , the film will be released domestically by HBO and internationally through The Weinstein Company .   Prior to this , Antidote produced several narrative films until The Last Winter , when the company shifted its focus to documentary .   Other Antidiote productions include the eco-horror thriller The Last Winter ; The Hawk Is Dying , adapted from Harry Crews ' novel and directed by Julian Goldberger ; Mysterious Skin , directed by Greg Araki ; and Thirteen , directed by Catherine Hardwicke .   In 2003 Daily Variety announced Antidote 's plans for a film adaptation of the JT LeRoy novel ` Sarah ' , to be directed by Steven Shainberg . According to The New York Times , when Shainberg learned that JT LeRoy was a literary persona and that Laura Albert was the actual author of Sarah , he decided `` to make a ` meta-film , ' a triple-layered movie that would blend the novel with the lives of its real and purported authors in a project he took to calling ` Sarah Plus . ' '' The Times also reported that this new project `` required the rights to Laura Albert 's story , rights that she in no uncertain terms refused to grant . '' In June 2007 Antidote sued Albert for fraud , claiming that a contract signed with JT LeRoy to make a feature film of Sarah was null and void . After a Manhattan jury found Albert liable in monetary damages for the tort of fraud because she had signed her nom de plume to the movie contract , The New York Times noted that Jeffrey Levy-Hinte said , `` if Ms. Albert , who never made a fortune from her literary works , could not afford to pay the judgment , he might have to consider laying claim to the rights to her past and future books . '' Levy-Hinte 's chief lawyer insisted , `` Neither Jeff nor I want to ruin Laura Albert . We just want her to behave with a little more integrity . '' After an appeal , the damages awarded were reduced by settlement with Antidote in 2009 , and Laura Albert retained the rights to her books and her life story .

neg: Sparkle (2012 film) Sparkle is a 2012 American musical film directed by Salim Akil and produced by Stage 6 Films , It was released on August 17 , 2012 , by TriStar Pictures . Inspired by The Supremes , Sparkle is a remake of the 1976 film of the same name , which centered on three singing teenage sisters from Harlem who form a girl group in the late 1960s . The remake takes place in Detroit , Michigan in the 1960s during the Motown era .   The film stars Jordin Sparks , Derek Luke , Whitney Houston , Mike Epps , Cee Lo Green , Carmen Ejogo , Tika Sumpter , Tamela Mann and Omari Hardwick . Sparkle features songs from the original film written by soul musician Curtis Mayfield as well as new compositions by R&B artist R. Kelly . This film is the debut of R&B / pop singer and American Idol winner Jordin Sparks as an actress . Sparkle also marks Whitney Houston 's fifth and final feature film role before her death on February 11 , 2012 , three months after filming ended . The film is dedicated to her memory .


query: The largest island in Hawaii is the Island of Hawai'i.

pos: Hawaii Hawaii ( -LSB- langpronaudio = en-us-Hawaii . ogghəˈwaɪ.i , _ - ji , _ - ʔi -RSB- ; Hawai -LSB- - hawhəˈvɐjʔi -RSB- ) is the 50th and most recent state to have joined the United States of America , having received statehood on August 21 , 1959 . Hawaii is the only U.S. state located in Oceania and the only one composed entirely of islands . It is the northernmost island group in Polynesia , occupying most of an archipelago in the central Pacific Ocean . Hawaii is the only U.S. state not located in the Americas .   The state encompasses nearly the entire volcanic Hawaiian archipelago , which comprises hundreds of islands spread over 1500 mi . At the southeastern end of the archipelago , the eight main islands are -- in order from northwest to southeast : Niihau , Kauai , Oahu , Molokai , Lānai , Kahoolawe , Maui , and the Island of Hawaii . The last is the largest island in the group ; it is often called the `` Big Island '' or `` Hawaii Island '' to avoid confusion with the state or archipelago . The archipelago is physiographically and ethnologically part of the Polynesian subregion of Oceania .   Hawaii 's diverse natural scenery , warm tropical climate , abundance of public beaches , oceanic surroundings , and active volcanoes make it a popular destination for tourists , surfers , biologists , and volcanologists . Because of its central location in the Pacific and 19th-century labor migration , Hawaii 's culture is strongly influenced by North American and Asian cultures , in addition to its indigenous Hawaiian culture . Hawaii has over a million permanent residents , along with many visitors and U.S. military personnel . Its capital is Honolulu on the island of Oahu .   Hawaii is the 8th-smallest and the 11th-least populous , but the 13th-most densely populated of the fifty U.S. states . It is the only state with an Asian plurality . The state 's coastline is about 750 mi long , the fourth longest in the U.S. after the coastlines of Alaska , Florida , and California .

neg: Kaneohe, Hawaii Kāneohe is a census-designated place ( CDP ) included in the City and County of Honolulu and located in Hawaii state District of Koolaupoko on the island of Oahu . In the Hawaiian language , kāne ohe means `` bamboo man '' . According to an ancient Hawaiian story a local woman compared her husband 's cruelty to the sharp edge of cutting bamboo ; thus the place was named Kāneohe or `` Bamboo man '' . The population was 34,597 at the 2010 census . Kāneohe is the largest of several communities along Kāneohe Bay and one of the two largest residential communities on the windward side of Oahu ( the other is Kailua ) . The commercial center of the town is spread mostly along Kamehameha Highway .   From ancient times , Kāneohe was important as an agricultural area , owing to an abundance of rainfall . Today , Kāneohe is mostly a residential community , with very little agriculture in evidence . The only commercial crop of any consequence in the area is banana .   Features of note are Hoomaluhia Botanical Garden and the new Hawaii National Veterans Cemetery . Access to Kāneohe Bay is mainly from the public pier and boat ramp located at nearby Heeia Kea . Access to Coconut Island ( restricted ) is from the state pier off Lilipuna Road . Marine Corps Base Hawaii lies across the south end of Kāneohe Bay from the central part of Kāneohe , although the town stretches along Kāneohe Bay Drive to the base perimeter .   The ZIP code for Kaneohe is 96744 .   There are three golf courses in Kāneohe : Pali Golf Course ( public ) , Koolau Golf Club ( privately owned but open to the public ) , and Bayview Golf Park ( privately owned but open to the public ) .

neg: Makakilo, Hawaii Makakilo or Makakilo City is a census-designated place and residential area located in the Ewa District on the island of Oahu in the City & County of Honolulu , United States . In Hawaiian , maka kilo means `` observing eyes '' . As of the 2010 Census , the CDP had a population of 18,248 .

neg: North Shore (Oahu) The North Shore , in the context of geography of the Island of Oahu , refers to the north-facing coastal area of Oahu between Kaena Point and Kahuku Point .   The largest settlement is Haleiwa . This area is best known for its massive waves , attracting surfers from all around the globe .

neg: Charles Kanaʻina Charles Kanaʻina , officially referred to as His Honour and His Highness , ( Kanaʻina II ) ( abt . May 4 , 1798 -- March 13 , 1877 ) was an aliʻi ( hereditary noble ) of the Kingdom of Hawaii and father of William Charles Lunalilo , the 6th monarch of the Kamehameha Dynasty . Kanaʻina was a descendant of several figures from ancient Hawaiian history , including Liloa , Hakau and Umi-a-Liloa of Hawaii Island as well as Piilani of Maui . He served on both the Privy Counsel and in the House of Nobles . He was named after his uncle Kanaʻina , a name that means `` The conquering '' in the Hawaiian Language . This uncle greeted Captain James Cook in 1778 and confronted the navigator before he was killed .   His wife Miriam Auhea Kekāuluohi was a widow and niece of Kamehameha I . She was also married to Kamehameha II before he converted to Christianity and gave up all but one wife . Kanaʻina and Kekāuluohi lived in a traditional aliʻi style home in a sacred neighborhood in Honolulu called Pohukaina near Kekūanāoʻa , Kaʻahumanu and their offspring . The compound would eventually become the Iolani Palace ( the official Royal Residence of the Hawaiian Royal Family ) and Palace Walk when Kekūanāoʻa built Hale Aliʻi in the center of the families estates as a gift to his daughter Victoria Kamāmalu . Kanaʻina kept his property at the palace until his death and would be the only original owner to do so while the Palace was in use , living there through five monarchs , from the 1820s to 1877 . Kanaʻina 's son , William Charles Lunalilo , was named by Kamehameha III as an heir to the throne of the kingdom and ascended in 1873 while his father still lived . Lunalilo died only a year later , three years before his father 's death on March 13 , 1877 . Having not re-written his will , which left everything to his son who had predeceased , Kanaʻina died intestate . Probate hearings proceeded for 5 years . On final adjudication his property was auctioned with the proceeds going to several of Kanaʻina 's cousins including Ruth Keelikōlani and Bernice Pauahi Bishop .

neg: Anahulu River The Anahulu River ( also called Anahulu Stream ) is the longest watercourse on the island of O'ahu in the U.S. state of Hawai'i . It is 7.1 mi long .

neg: Ryukyu Islands The , more commonly known in Japanese as the and also known as the , are a chain of Japanese islands that stretch southwest from Kyushu to Taiwan : the Ōsumi , Tokara , Amami , Okinawa , and Sakishima Islands ( further divided into the Miyako and Yaeyama Islands ) , with Yonaguni the southernmost . The larger are mostly high islands and the smaller ones are mostly coral islands . The largest of the islands is Okinawa .   The climate of the islands ranges from humid subtropical climate ( Köppen climate classification Cfa ) in the north to tropical rainforest climate ( Köppen climate classification Af ) in the south . Precipitation is very high , and is affected by the rainy season and typhoons . Except the outlying Daitō Islands , the island chain has two major geologic boundaries , the Tokara Strait between the Tokara and Amami Islands , and the Kerama Gap between the Okinawa and Miyako Islands . The islands beyond the Tokara Strait are characterized by their coral reefs .   The Ōsumi and Tokara Islands , the northernmost of the islands , fall under the cultural sphere of the Kyushu region of Japan ; the people are ethnically Japanese and speak a variation of the Kagoshima dialect of Japanese . The Amami , Okinawa , Miyako , and Yaeyama Islands have a native population collectively called the Ryukyuan people , named for the former Ryukyu Kingdom that ruled them . The varied Ryukyuan languages are traditionally spoken on these islands , and the major islands have their own distinct languages . In modern times , the Japanese language is the primary language of the islands , with the Okinawan Japanese dialect prevalently spoken . The outlying Daitō Islands were uninhabited until the Meiji period , when their development was started mainly by people from the Izu Islands south of Tokyo , with the people there speaking the Hachijō language .   Administratively , the islands are divided into Kagoshima Prefecture ( specifically the islands administered by Kagoshima District , Kumage Subprefecture/District , and Ōshima Subprefecture/District ) in the north and Okinawa Prefecture in the south , with the divide between the Amami and Okinawa Islands , with the Daitō Islands part of Okinawa Prefecture . The northern ( Kagoshima ) islands are collectively called the Satsunan Islands , while the southern part of the chain ( Okinawa Prefecture ) are called the Ryukyu Islands in Japanese .

neg: South East Island South East Island ( Rangatira in Maori ) is the third largest island in the Chatham Islands archipelago , and covers an area of 218 ha . It lies 800 km east of New Zealand 's South Island off the south-east coast of Pitt Island , 55 km south-east of the main settlement , Waitangi , on Chatham Island .

neg: Rulers of the Hawaiian Islands The rulers of the Hawaiian islands ( noho aliʻi o ko Hawaiʻi Pae ʻAina ) are a line of native Hawaiians who were independent rulers of various subdivisions of the land and islands of Hawaii . Their genealogy is traced to Hānalaʻanui and others . The caste system of ancient Hawaiian society was established around 1200 AD and separated the people into 4 distinct ranks that were all below the supreme ruler ( ali`i nui ) of the island . The ali`i nui would distribute the land to the lower ranking chiefs who would run the land and collect offerings and taxes . The ali`i nui would also ultimately be responsible for the sacred kapu , a system of rules designed to control social order . The noho ali`i were known for their brightly colored and intricately constructed battle regalia of feathered capes and helmets called a mahiole ( helmet ) and ʻahu ʻula ( cloak or cape ) .

neg: Haiku Valley Haikū Valley is an amphitheater-shaped valley on the windward side of the Koolau Range behind Kāneohe , Oahu in the Hawaiian Islands . The valley was the site of a United States Navy radio transmitting station ( later taken over by the Coast Guard as an OMEGA Navigation System station ) and is part of the route of Hawaii 's Interstate H-3 .   The valley is most noteworthy today for the recently refurbished Haikū Stairs ( also known as `` Stairway to Heaven '' ) , a foot trail of 3,922 metal stairs that ascends to Puu Keahiakahoe , a 2800 ft peak above the east valley wall . The stairs were originally constructed as a means of reaching the radio antenna attachment points high on the surrounding ridgeline . The trail starts at an elevation of 480 ft and covers an approximate horizontal distance of 4500 ft for an average slope of about 30 degrees ( however , some sections are nearly vertical ) .  The Haikū Stairs are currently closed to the public , although people still trespass to experience the nearly two-hour climb .   The facility initially was built following the attack on Pearl Harbor as a means of communicating with U.S. Navy ships as far away as Tokyo Bay . The facility had a massive antenna system consisting of five massive cable antennas draped from atop one mountain ridge , and across the mountain valley to the top of the other ridge . The ridges formed a horseshoe shape around the valley . The natural height of the mountain ridges made for an excellent means of having an elevated antenna system .  The construction and use of the facility was initially a classified military secret .   The walls of the main building were over 5 ft thick and made of concrete . The building was designed to withstand a 500 lb . bomb being dropped on the top of the building , allowing people inside to survive .

neg: Waiohinu, Hawaii Waiohinu ( Hawaiian translation : `` Shiny Water '' ) is an unincorporated community in the district of Ka'u on the Big Island -- Hawaii '' ' , of the Hawaiian Islands . Waiohinu is the name of the community as well as the ahupua'a , Native Hawaiian subdivision .

neg: Ala Moana Beach Park Ala Moana Beach Park is a free public park on the island of Oahu , U.S. state of Hawaii , located between Waikiki and downtown Honolulu . This 100 acre park has a wide gold-sand beach that is over a half-mile ( 800 m ) long . It is man-made and was created by the owner of the Dillingham Dredging Company , who was looking for a place to dispose of his dredged earth . So in the 1950s , sand was dumped at this park , which created the beach .   The water is almost always calm because the beach is protected by an outer reef . This makes it a good spot for long-distance swimmers and small children . There is a 25 ft swimming channel and a former boat channel that was dredged out of the reef .   Ala Moana 's ocean bottom drops quickly , so novice swimmers should use caution . Big grassy areas , banyans and palm trees make the park a good place to picnic , barbecue , play all kinds of ball games or go running . There are lifeguards , showers , restrooms , phones , tennis courts , picnic tables , food concessions and a music pavilion . Ala Moana Beach Park is a favorite among Honolulu residents . It is right next to `` Magic Island '' where many cultural events are held .   Like almost all of Honolulu 's city parks , Ala Moana Beach Park had many homeless people during the day and night , until the city started closing the park for the night in 2006 . Fodors travel guide rated it a `` high crime area '' at night after dark partly on this basis .

neg: Hawaiian tropical rainforests The Hawaiian tropical rainforests are a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion in the Hawaiian Islands . They cover an area of 6700 km2 in the windward lowlands and montane regions of the islands . Coastal mesic forests are found at elevations from sea level to 300 m. Mixed mesic forests occur at elevations of 750 to , while wet forests are found from 1250 to . Moist bogs and shrublands exist on montane plateaus and depressions . For the 28 million years of existence of the Hawaiian Islands , they have been isolated from the rest of the world by vast stretches of the Pacific Ocean , and this isolation has resulted in the evolution of an incredible diversity of endemic species , including fungi , mosses , snails , birds , and other wildlife . In the lush , moist forests high in the mountains , trees are draped with vines , orchids , ferns , and mosses . This ecoregion includes one of the world 's wettest places , the slopes of Mount Waialeale , which average 460 in of rainfall per year .

neg: North Island The North Island or Te Ika-a-Māui ( Māori ) is one of the two main islands of New Zealand , separated from the slightly larger but much less populous South Island by Cook Strait . The island 's area is 113729 km2 , making it the world 's 14th-largest island . It has a population of   Twelve main urban areas ( half of them officially cities ) are in the North Island . From north to south , they are Whangarei , Auckland , Hamilton , Tauranga , Rotorua , Gisborne , New Plymouth , Napier , Hastings , Whanganui , Palmerston North , and Wellington , the capital , located at the south-west extremity of the island . About % of New Zealand 's population lives in the North Island .

neg: Kamehameha Highway Kamehameha Highway is one of the main highways serving suburban and rural O`ahu in the U.S. state of Hawaii . Starting from Nimitz Highway near Pearl Harbor and Hickam Air Force Base in Honolulu , it serves the island 's older western suburbs , turning north across the O`ahu Central Valley to the North Shore . At the North Shore , Kamehameha Highway heads northeast around the northern tip of O`ahu , then southeast to and just beyond Kāne`ohe Bay on the windward coast .   Note that Kamehameha Highway is a `` fractured '' roadway and that the discussion below is for its more well-known route as State Highway 99 . Kamehameha Highway actually starts east of the southern terminus noted below , at the intersection of Dillingham Boulevard and Puuhale Road near the Oahu Community Correctional Center in Kalihi continuing west until the H-1 Viaduct . It is said that this very short segment of Kamehameha Highway is a remnant left over from the days before construction of the elevated H-1 Freeway Airport Viaduct . Indeed , some long-time locals will maintain that the east-bound section of roadway under the Viaduct is Nimitz Highway whereas the west-bound section is Kamehemeha Highway . Since there are no businesses or other addresses along the west-bound section under the Viaduct , there is nothing to support this assertion .

neg: Kalapana, Hawaii Kalapana is a town and region in the Puna District on the Island of Hawaii in the Hawaiian Islands .   In 1986 , lava flows from the Kupaianaha vent of Kīlauea destroyed and partly buried most of the town , as well as Kalapana Gardens and nearby Royal Gardens subdivisions . The lava flow that destroyed Kalapana erupted from the southeast rift zone of Kīlauea . Along with the destruction of Kalapana were those of the nearby town of Kaimū and Kaimū Bay , both of which now lie buried beneath more than 50 feet of lava . The lava flow also created a new coastline .   Although most access to the town has been cut off , a few people still live there , but mostly need to get in and out by 4-wheel drive vehicles .   In July 2010 , lava from Kīlauea continued into the Kalapana region destroying a home that was only 5 years old , leaving 35 homes remaining in the Kalapana Gardens Subdivision . The latest flow partly covered the 1986 -- 1992 flow field again , while attracting thousands of visitors a day .

neg: Geography of Fiji -RSB-   Fiji is a group of volcanic islands in the South Pacific , lying about 4,450 km ( 2,775 mi ) southwest of Honolulu and 1,770 km ( 1,100 mi ) north of New Zealand . Of the 332 islands and 522 smaller islets making up the archipelago , about 106 are permanently inhabited . Viti Levu , the largest island , covers about 57 % of the nation 's land area , hosts the two official cities ( the capital Suva , and Lautoka ) and most other major towns , such as Nausori , Vaileka , Ba , Tavua , Kororvou , Nasinu , and Nadi ( the site of the international airport ) , and contains some 69 % of the population . Vanua Levu , 64 km to the north of Viti Levu , covers just over 30 % of the land area though is home to only some 15 % of the population . Its main towns are Labasa and Savusavu . In the northeast it features Natewa Bay , carving out the Loa peninsula .   Both islands are mountainous , with peaks up to 1300 m rising abruptly from the shore , and covered with tropical forests . Heavy rains ( up to 304 cm or 120 inches annually ) fall on the windward ( southeastern ) side , covering these sections of the islands with dense tropical forest . Lowlands on the western portions of each of the main islands are sheltered by the mountains and have a well-marked dry season favorable to crops such as sugarcane .   Other islands and island groups , which cover just 12.5 % of the land area and house some 16 % of the population , include Taveuni southeast off Vanua Levu and Kadavu Island , south off Viti Levu ( the third and fourth largest islands respectively ) , the Mamanuca Group ( just off Nadi ) and Yasawa Group ( to the north of the Mamanucas ) , which are popular tourist destinations , the Lomaiviti Group ( just off Suva ) with Levuka , the former capital and the only major town on any of the smaller islands , located on the island of Ovalau , and the remote Lau Group over the Koro Sea to the east near Tonga , from which it is separated by the Lakeba Passage .   Two outlying regions are Rotuma , 400 km to the north , and the uninhabited coral atoll and cay Ceva-i-Ra or Conway Reef , 450 km to the southwest of main Fiji . Culturally conservative Rotuma with its 2000 people on 44 km2 geographically belongs to Polynesia , and enjoys relative autonomy as a Fijian dependency .   Fiji Television reported on 21 September 2006 that the Fiji Islands Maritime and Safety Administration ( FIMSA ) , while reviewing its outdated maritime charts , had discovered the possibility that more islands could lie within Fiji 's Exclusive Economic Zone .   More than half of Fiji 's population lives on the island coasts , either in Suva or in smaller urban centers . The interior is sparsely populated because of its rough terrain .

neg: 2012 Hawaii hailstorm On the morning of March 9 , 2012 , a particularly devastating and long-lived hailstorm hit the Hawaiian islands of Oahu and Lanai , during a severe supercell thunderstorm . This event produced the largest hailstone ever recorded in Hawaii since records began in 1950 . The hailstone was measured at 4.5 inches long , 2.25 inches tall , and 2 inches wide . National Weather Service meteorologist Tom Birchard stated that the event was `` unprecedented . ''   In addition to spectacular early-morning lightning storms and flooding from the four feet ( 3.3 meters ) of rainfall received , a tornadic waterspout formed off the coast of Oahu during the morning of March 9 , 2012 . Non-supercullar waterspouts are not uncommon ( the State of Hawaii records an average of one waterspout/tornado per year ) , this mesocyclone-induced waterspout tracked inland for 1.5 miles , becoming an EF0 tornado that caused minor damage to the Enchanted Lakes subdivision of Kailua at 7:10 am Hawaiian-Aleutian Time .

neg: Maunawili, Hawaii Maunawili is a residential census-designated place ( CDP ) in the City & County of Honolulu , Koolaupoko District , Island of Oahu , Hawaii , United States . As of the 2010 Census , the CDP had a population of 2,040 . Situated mauka ( inland or mountain side ) of Kalanianaole Highway between Castle Junction and Castle Hospital , Maunawili is nearly all private homes , schools , and a few churches ; horse stables complete the rural setting . There are no commercial establishments . However , residents are only minutes ( by car or bus ) from Kailua .   Maunawili Valley extends behind the prominent windward peak known as Olomana . The residential developments extend only part way back into the valley , which is quite large and fairly wet , supporting limited agriculture ( mostly banana growing ) behind the housing . Water from the numerous streams is diverted by a ditch to much drier Waimānalo to support agricultural activities there .   A golf course and agricultural research station ( HSPA ) are located in the valley . An attraction of increasing popularity is the Maunawili Demonstration Trail , a state-maintained trail that traverses the breadth of upper Maunawili Valley from the Pali Highway ( access at the `` Horseshoe Curve '' ) to Waimānalo . A connecting side trail ( Maunawili Falls Trail ) is accessible from the neighborhood in upper Maunawili .   The U.S. postal code for Maunawili is the same as for Kailua : 96734 .

neg: Pu'u o Mahuka Heiau State Monument Puu o Mahuka Heiau State Historic Site on the North Shore of Oahu is the largest heiau on the island , covering 2 acre on a hilltop overlooking Waimea Bay and Waimea Valley . Puu o Mahuka means ` Hill of Escape ' . Hawaiian legends have it that from this point , Pele ( Volcano Goddess ) leaped from Oahu to the next island , Molokai . From its commanding heights , sentries could once monitor much of the northern shoreline of Oahu , and even spot signal fires from the Wailua Complex of Heiaus on Kauai , with which it had ties . It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1962 , when it became the center of a 4 acre State park . It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1966 .   The highest of the three walled enclosures may date to the 17th century , with the lower two enclosures perhaps added during the 18th century . These were times of great conflict , and the upper platform appears to have functioned as a heiau luakini ( sacrificial temple ) to bring success in war . During the 1770s , the overseer of this heiau was Ka'opulupulu , the high priest of the last independent high chief of Oahu , Kahāhana . In 1792 , George Vancouver 's ship , HMS Daedalus , anchored near Waimea Bay to collect water . Three men in his shore party were killed in a skirmish with Native Hawaiians , and may have been taken to the heiau as human sacrifices . After Kamehameha I conquered Oahu in 1795 , his high priest Hewahewa led religious ceremonies here and the heiau remained in use until the traditional kapu system was abolished in 1819 .   The first new moon after the Pleiades ( Makali'i ) as seen from Kaena Point , rising out of Pu'u o Mahuka Heiau just after sunset , mark the beginning of Makahiki , the four months of Hawaiian New Year .   The site can be reached from Pupukea Homestead Road ( Highway 835 ) , which starts at Kamehameha Highway ( Highway 83 ) across from Pupukea fire station .

neg: Kekaha Kai State Park Kekaha Kai State Park , formerly known as Kona Coast State Park , is a beach park located along the north Kona coast on the island of Hawaii . The main beach areas are Maniniowali Bay ( Kua Bay ) , Makalawena beach at Puu Alii Bay , and Mahaiula Bay . The park 's name originates from the Hawaiian language words ke kaha kai which translate to `` the shore line '' in English .


query: Imagine Dragons is from Denmark.

pos: Imagine Dragons Imagine Dragons is an American rock band from Las Vegas , Nevada , consisting of lead vocalist Dan Reynolds , lead guitarist Wayne Sermon , bassist Ben McKee , and drummer Daniel Platzman . The band first gained exposure in 2012 with the releases of their debut studio album Night Visions and its first single `` It 's Time '' . Billboard placed them at the top of their `` Year In Rock '' rankings for 2013 , and named them their `` Breakthrough Band of 2013 '' . Rolling Stone named their single `` Radioactive '' from Night Visions the `` biggest rock hit of the year '' , and MTV called them `` the year 's biggest breakout band '' . Night Visions peaked at number two on the weekly US Billboard 200 chart and the UK Albums Chart . The band 's second studio album Smoke + Mirrors was released in 2015 , and reached number one in the US , Canada and the UK .   Imagine Dragons has won two American Music Awards for Favorite Alternative Artist , a Grammy Award for Best Rock Performance , five Billboard Music Awards , and a World Music Award . In May 2014 , the band was nominated for a total of fourteen different Billboard Music Awards , including Top Artist of the Year and a Milestone Award , which recognizes innovation and creativity of artists across different genres . As of January 2017 , Imagine Dragons have sold 9 million albums and 27 million singles worldwide .

neg: Hobro IK Hobro IK is a Danish football club currently playing in the Danish Superliga . They play at DS Arena in Hobro , North Jutland , which has a capacity of 10,700 . The club won the 2016 -- 17 Danish 1st Division .

neg: Denmark Davis Cup team The Denmark Davis Cup team represents Denmark in Davis Cup tennis competition and are governed by the Danish Tennis Association .   Denmark currently compete in the Europe/Africa Zone of Group II . They competed in the World Group from 1988 to 1989 and again from 1993 to 1996 . Since that time the team has failed to return to the World Group .

neg: Copenhagen Opera House The Copenhagen Opera House ( in Danish usually called Operaen , literally The opera ) is the national opera house of Denmark , and among the most modern opera houses in the world . It is also one of the most expensive opera houses ever built with construction costs well over US$ 500 million . It is located on the island of Holmen in central Copenhagen .

neg: Danish Realm The term Danish Realm ( Det Danske Rige ) refers to the relationship between Denmark proper , the Faroe Islands and Greenland -- three countries constituting the Kingdom of Denmark .   The legal nature of the Kingdom of Denmark is fundamentally one of a unitary sovereign state . The Faroe Islands and Greenland have been part of the Crown of Denmark since 1397 ( de jure ) when the Kalmar Union was ratified , and part of the Kingdom of Denmark since 1814 ( de facto ) . However , due to their separate historical and cultural identities , these parts of the Realm now have an extensive type of self-government and have assumed legislative and administrative responsibility in a substantial number of fields .   Legal matters in The Danish Realm are subject to the Danish Constitution . Beginning in 1953 , state law issues within The Danish Realm has been governed by The Unity of the Realm ( Rigsenheden ) . A less formal name for The Unity of the Realm is `` the commonwealth of the Realm '' . In 1978 , The Unity of The Realm was for the first time unofficially referred to as rigsfællesskabet . The name caught on and since the 1990s , both The Unity of The Realm and The Danish Realm itself has increasingly been referred to as simply rigsfællesskabet ( ríkisfelagsskapurin naalagaaffeqatigiit ) in daily parlance .   The Danish Constitution stipulates that the foreign and security interests for all parts of the Danish Realm are the responsibility of the Danish government . The Faroes received home rule in 1948 and Greenland did so in 1979 . In 2005 , the Faroes received a self-government arrangement , and in 2009 Greenland received `` self rule '' , thus leaving the Danish government with virtually no influence over Greenlandic internal affairs .

neg: DR (broadcaster) DR , officially Danish Broadcasting Corporation in English , is a Danish government-owned radio and television public broadcasting company . Founded in 1925 as a public-service organization , it is Denmark 's oldest and largest electronic media enterprise . DR is a founding member of the European Broadcasting Union .   DR is funded by a media licence which is charged to all Danish households with television sets , computers , smartphones and other devices with internet access .   Today , DR operates six television channels , all of which are distributed free-to-air via a nationwide DVB-T network . DR also operates eight radio channels . All are available nationally on DAB radio and online , and the four original stations are also available on FM radio .

neg: Aarhus Theatre The Aarhus Theatre ( Danish : Aarhus Teater ) in Aarhus , is the largest provincial theatre in Denmark .   The present theatre house was constructed in the late 19th century , as a replacement for the old theatre , nicknamed `` Svedekassen '' ( English : The Sweat-box ) . Since Aarhus had grown to become Jutland 's biggest city during the 19th century , the old theatre had become too small to serve the public demand . A new building was designed by the Danish architect Hack Kampmann ( 1856 -- 1920 ) , and the construction began on 12 August 1898 . Only two years later , Aarhus Theatre stood completed and was inaugurated on 15 September 1900 .   The architectural style of the building is Art Nouveau , with the national romantic emphasis on natural materials , and the interior design was completed by artists Hansen Reistrup and Hans Tegner .   In 2007 , the Aarhus Theatre received an audio make-over .

neg: 2016 Denmark Open darts 2016 Denmark Open is a darts tournament , which took place in Esbjerg , Denmark on April 30th , 2016 .

neg: Boldklubben 1909 Boldklubben 1909 , known as B 1909 , is a Danish association football club currently playing in the Denmark Series Pool 2 . They play at Gillested Park in Odense on Funen , which has a capacity of 6,000 . Founded in 1909 , the club spent a total 38 seasons in the Danish championship from 1912 to 1993 , and won the 1959 and 1964 Danish 1st Division championships , as well as the 1962 and 1971 Danish Cup trophies .   In the 2006 -- 07 season , the first team of B 1909 merged with B 1913 and Dalum IF , to form FC Fyn . B 1909 's new first team continued in the Danish league system , but had to stay two leagues below FC Fyn . In 2013 , as FC Fyn was dissolved , the three mother clubs were reestablished in the lower leagues .

neg: Denmark national football team The Denmark national football team ( Danmarks fodboldlandshold ) represents Denmark in association football and is controlled by the Danish Football Association ( DBU ) , the governing body for the football clubs which are organized under DBU . Denmark 's home ground is Telia Parken in the Østerbro district of Copenhagen , and their head coach is Åge Hareide .   Denmark were the winners of the Football at the 1906 Intercalated Games and silver medalists at the 1908 and 1912 Olympics . However , as amateurs who prohibited their internationals from becoming professionals at foreign clubs , Denmark did not qualify for the World Cup until 1986 , although they won another Olympic silver in 1960 .   Since 1983 , the team has continuously been visible as a solidly competitive side , with the triumph in the 1992 European Championships in Sweden as its most prominent victory , beating the European champions from Netherlands in the semifinal , and the World champions from Germany in the final . They also managed to win the 1995 Confederations Cup , defeating Argentina in the final . Their best FIFA World Cup result was achieved in 1998 , where they narrowly lost 3 -- 2 in a quarter-final against Brazil .

neg: Dan Reynolds (musician) Daniel Coulter `` Dan '' Reynolds ( born July 14 , 1987 ) is an American musician , multi-instrumentalist , and record producer . He is the lead vocalist for the rock band Imagine Dragons . Reynolds also released an EP in 2011 , titled Egyptian - EP , as a duo with Aja Volkman of Nico Vega under the moniker Egyptian . He is a recipient of the Songwriters Hall of Fame Hal David Starlight Award .

neg: Morningside Records Morningside Records is a Danish independent record label founded in 2001 .

neg: Saturnus (band) Saturnus ( -LSB- ˈsæ : tˢʊ̯ɒˀnu : s -RSB- ) is a band from Denmark formed in 1991 . They play melodic death/doom metal with synthesized touches of gothic metal .

neg: Zoom (dance music group) Zoom were a Eurodance group formed in Denmark . Their top hit was `` Words '' , a cover version of the 1982 song by F.R. David . It reached number 7 in Denmark .

neg: Danish Defence The Danish Defence ( Forsvaret , Danska verjan ) is the unified armed forces of the Kingdom of Denmark , charged with the defence of Denmark and its constituent , self-governing nations  Greenland and the Faroe Islands .   The Queen is the Commander-in-chief in accordance with the Danish constitution , and under the Danish Defence Law the Minister of Defence serves as the commander of the Danish Defence ( through the Chief of Defence and the Defence Command ) and the Danish Home Guard ( through the Home Guard Command ) . De facto the Danish Cabinet is the commanding authority of the Defence , though it can not mobilize the armed forces , for purposes that are not strictly defence oriented , without the consent of parliament .   Denmark also has a concept of `` total defence '' ( Totalforsvar ) .

neg: Den Nye By Den Nye By is the debut album by Faroese alternative rock band The Dreams , released on February 8 , 2008 . Published by Apache Records and recorded in the Chief Management Studio . Produced by Chief 1 ( Lars Pedersen ) . The album comprises 11 songs all written in Danish .   Three successful singles were released from this album : `` La ' mig være '' , `` Himlen Falder/Helvede Kalder '' and `` Backstabber '' .

neg: D.A.D. Special D.A.D. Special is a compilation album by the Danish rock group D-A-D . The compilation was released on 1 December 1989 in Sweden , Norway , Denmark and Finland only .  It contains tracks from the groups two first albums , Call of the Wild and D.A.D. Draws a Circle , and also form their debut EP Standin ' On the Never Never .

neg: Sivas (rapper) Sivas Torbati , better known by the mononym Sivas stylized as S!VAS , is a Danish rapper of Iranian origin . He is signed to Sony Music .   He resided in Brøndby Strand famous for a number of rap and hip hop acts in Denmark . He later moved to Smørum near Tingbjerg and finally Copenhagen . His debut EP was d.a.u.d.a. released on Forbandet Ungdom , a sub-label of Disco : wax , and distributed by Sony .

neg: Drama Queen (DQ song) `` Drama Queen '' was the Danish entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 2007 , performed in English by DQ . This was the first appearance of a solo drag act in Contest history ( Slovenia having previously been represented by drag trio Sestre ) .   In this song DQ describes herself as the `` drama queen '' and urges her listeners to join her for a party .   As Denmark had not finished the previous Contest in the top ten , this song had to be performed in the semi-final . It was performed 12th , following Albania 's Frederik Ndoci with `` Hear My Plea '' and preceding Croatia 's Dragonfly & Dado Topić with `` Vjerujem u ljubav '' . At the close of voting , it received 45 points , placing it 19th in a field of 28 and thus ensuring that Denmark would have to qualify from the semi-final at the next Contest .   Unusually , the song had also failed to qualify for the Danish national semi-final , but reached the final after securing a so-called `` wildcard '' , before eventually winning the competition .

neg: Efterklang Efterklang ( -LSB- ˈɛfd̥ɐˌkʰlɑŋˀ -RSB- ) is an indie rock group from Copenhagen , Denmark , formed in December 2000 . The band has recorded four studio albums and are currently signed to the 4AD label , as well as their own record label Rumraket .   In 2012 , they released their fourth album Piramida to good reviews .

neg: Denmark at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Denmark competed at the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing .


query: Kristen Bell is a Canadian.

pos: Kristen Bell Kristen Anne Bell ( born July 18 , 1980 ) is an American actress and singer . She began her acting career starring in stage productions and attended the Tisch School of Arts in New York . In 2001 , she made her Broadway debut as Becky Thatcher in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and starred in the Broadway revival of The Crucible the following year . In 2004 , she had a supporting role in the film Spartan and received praise for her first leading performance in Gracie 's Choice .   Bell gained critical acclaim for her first major role as the title character in the teen noir drama television series Veronica Mars ( 2004 -- 07 ) . For her performance she was awarded a Saturn Award for Best Actress on Television . She reprised the eponymous role in the 2014 film continuation of the series . During her time on Veronica Mars , Bell appeared as Mary Lane in the film Reefer Madness : The Movie Musical ( 2005 ) , a reprise of the role she had played in the New York musical upon which the film was based . In 2007 , Bell joined the cast of the sci-fi series Heroes , playing the character Elle Bishop , for which she was nominated for a Saturn Award .   In 2008 , she had her breakout film role as the title character in Forgetting Sarah Marshall . She has since appeared in a number of comedy films , such as Couples Retreat ( 2009 ) , When in Rome ( 2010 ) , You Again ( 2010 ) , and The Boss ( 2016 ) . Bell garnered further recognition for voicing Princess Anna in the Disney film Frozen ( 2013 ) , the short film Frozen Fever ( 2015 ) , and the upcoming Frozen 2 . She also starred as the female lead on the Showtime series House of Lies . Since 2016 , she has starred in the main role of Eleanor Shellstrop on the NBC comedy series The Good Place .   Bell married actor Dax Shepard in 2013 , with whom she has two daughters .

neg: A. Dean Bell A. Dean Bell is an American filmmaker . He is best known for the feature film drama What Alice Found , a Sundance Award-winner and New York Times `` Critic 's Pick . ''

neg: BCE Inc. BCE Inc. , originally Bell Canada Enterprises Inc. , is a Canadian telecommunications company . It is one of Canada 's largest corporations and a publicly-traded holding company for Canada 's largest communications network . It has been the parent company in the Bell Canada corporate empire since its creation in 1983 when Bell Canada , Northern Telecom , and other related companies all became subsidiaries of BCE . In addition to its core telecommunications operations that also include Bell Mobility , Bell Aliant , Bell MTS , Northwestel , Télébec , NorthernTel , Dryden Municipal Telephone Service and the CTV Television network , BCE owns 18 % of the Montreal Canadiens ice hockey club , and ( together with BCE 's pension plan ) a 37.5 % interest in Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment ( MLSE ) , owner of several Toronto professional sports franchises . It was ranked as Canada 's 17th largest corporations by revenue in 2014 and as the ninth-largest by capitalization in 2015 .

neg: Investigation Discovery (Canada) Investigation Discovery ( often abbreviated on-air as ID . ) is a Canadian English language Category B cable and satellite specialty channel that is owned by Bell Media . The channel primarily focuses on programming related to crime and justice .   Originally launching as a Canadian version of Court TV , it was relaunched as a Canadian version of Investigation Discovery as part of a licensing arrangement with the owner of the flagship channel of the same name in the United States , Discovery Communications . Unlike Bell 's other Discovery-branded channels and Corus Entertainment 's Oprah Winfrey Network , Discovery Communications does not own a minority stake in Investigation Discovery .

neg: Tracey Bell Tracey Bell is an award-winning Canadian comedian and impersonator . She is the creator of the one-woman show , `` 8 Divas in 44 Minutes '' and known for her live impersonations of celebrities like Cher , Marilyn Monroe , Madonna , Liza Minnelli , Tina Turner , Janis Joplin , Celine Dion , and Dolly Parton .

neg: Kristen Barnhisel Kristen Barnhisel is an American winemaker . She is Quality Control manager at Inglenook She specializes in making Pinot Noir and Cabernet Sauvignon wines of elegance and length .

neg: Friends in Bellwoods Friends in Bellwoods is a compilation album , released in 2007 . It was the first release on Out of This Spark , through a distribution deal with Sonic Unyon Records . The album is named for a house on Bellwoods Avenue in Toronto , shared by two members of the band Ohbijou , which NOW has written `` might just be the new epicentre of T.O. 's indie rock community '' . All of the featured artists are members or friends and collaborators of Ohbijou , and many of the tracks on the album were recorded in the house itself .   The album is a benefit for Toronto 's Daily Bread Food Bank .   The album was officially released across Canada on February 12 , 2007 , although it was available for sale in some venues in Toronto in mid-January .   A second edition of the Friends in Bellwoods compilation was released in August 2009 .

neg: Place Bell Place Bell is one of the tallest buildings in Ottawa , Canada ( the fifth tallest in the downtown area ) with a height of 94 m . The 27-storey building stands on Elgin Street in downtown Ottawa , and is distinguishable by its wide stature ( the building is unusually large in dimensions considering its height , presumably to avoid having a 50 + storey building greatly overshadow the Peace Tower ) .   The building was built by Olympia and York in 1971 as the Ottawa headquarters of Bell Canada . The site originally contained a number of small commercial buildings and the large Gloucester Street Convent . Original plans called for the complex to be much larger and include the entire block to the north . This would have entailed demolishing several heritage buildings , including the First Baptist Church .   The main level contains a shopping concourse with a number of businesses . The rear of the structure contains a parking garage . In the 1980s the owners sued the city after salt placed on the roads by the city corroded the steel structure of the garage and it had to be closed for several years .   Bell , which remains the building 's largest tenant , owned the building until 1998 , when it was sold to TrizecHahn for $ 17 million . After the purchase , TrizecHahn conducted significant renovations . In 2002 it was bought by H&R Real Estate Investment Trust for $ 21.1 million .   Place Bell was featured prominently in the opening title sequence of the Ottawa-made TV series You Ca n't Do That On Television as a building labelled `` Television Network '' , where a school bus pulls up to the front door and a number of children flood out and into the building , trampling the doorman ( played by Les Lye ) .

neg: Leah Pinsent Leah Pinsent ( born September 20 , 1968 ) is a Canadian television and film actress .

neg: Barbara Fris Barbara Fris ( born May 10 , 1956 ) is a Canadian soprano and actress who performs as an opera singer , concert artist , and recitalist . She specializes in opera and classical symphonic works for voice , having performed across Canada , in Europe and the United States where she also has sung a wide range of works that include operettas , musical theatre , light classics , lieder , French mélodie , and art songs .

neg: Canada (band) Canada is an American indie folk-pop music group from Ann Arbor , Michigan . Its songs are generally acoustic and feature guitars , drums , cellos , glockenspiels , melodicas , rhodes piano , organ and accordions . The group is known for its group vocals and harmonies and energetic live shows where members switch instruments between songs .   `` With a blend of pop , folk , and country , Canada keeps an even keel with amazing melodies and even more engaging instrumentation , never becoming tiresome or trite in its mission to craft the perfect pop song ... They have made what could very well be the best pop album to come out of the ever-fruitful Detroit music scene in 2006 , and considering the quality of the competition , that 's no small praise . ''   The band , composed of long-time friends , formed in late 2004 and self-released the six song How Dare You EP in July 2005 . Soon after , they were approached by indie Michigan label Quite Scientific and soon signed with them to record a full length album . Recording took place during the fall and winter of 2005 in Lansing , Michigan on a soundboard originally used to mix portions of the second and third Star Wars films .   The band released its first album , This Cursed House , in June 2006 . The album became the No. 1 most-added album in college radio for June 20 , 2006 , and later climbed to No. 13 on the CMJ Radio Top 200 ( CMJ New Music Report , Issue 971 ) .   Canada proceeded to embark on a series of tours with friends Page France ( Suicide Squeeze ) , Saturday Looks Good To Me ( Polyvinyl ) Headlights ( Polyvinyl ) , and Margot and the Nuclear So and So 's . Joe , Ryan , and Aaron ( Shaul ) became brief members of Saturday Looks Good To Me during this time , playing bass , drums , and glockenspiel respectively . Ryan later became a more permanent member with the group and toured with them as their drummer during their 2007 US and European tours . Canada also performed at the 2006 Pygmalion Music Festival in Champaign-Urbana , the 2006/7/8 CMJ Music Marathon in New York City and SXSW 2006/7 in Austin .   Canada embarked on its longest ( 8 week ) nationwide tour in the summer of 2007 . The band was prepping the release of their second full-length ( which would have been called Put Singing Birds Into Your Messy Hair ) , when creative , scheduling , and recording issues put a halt to production in late 2008 . The band currently has no plans to re-unite , despite several offers for reunion concerts in Southeastern Michigan , however their second record may become available digitally sometime in the future .

neg: Kristen Kelly Kristen Kelly is an American country music singer from Lorena , Texas . She is signed to Arista Nashville and has released her debut single , `` Ex-Old Man '' . The song is the first from her forthcoming debut album , produced by Tony Brown and Paul Overstreet . Country Universe gave the song a B + , praising the sound as `` back-to-basics '' . It debuted at number 60 on the Hot Country Songs chart dated May 12 , 2012 .   Kelly has also joined Brad Paisley 's 2012 Virtual Reality World Tour .   There has been controversy over her debut single using a riff without permission from New Zealand band OMC 's single `` How Bizarre '' , which reached number one in the US in 1997 .

neg: Chris Bell (American musician) Christopher Branford `` Chris '' Bell ( January 12 , 1951December 27 , 1978 ) was an American guitarist , singer , and songwriter . Along with Alex Chilton , he led the power pop band Big Star through its first acclaimed album , # 1 Record ( 1972 ) . He also pursued a solo career throughout the mid-1970s , resulting in the posthumous I Am the Cosmos LP .   All Music Guide praised Bell as `` one of the unsung heroes of American pop music '' and noted his lasting impression , saying : `` Despite a life marked by tragedy and a career crippled by commercial indifference , the singer/songwriter 's slim body of recorded work proved massively influential on the generations of indie rockers who emerged in his wake . ''   His catalog of proto-alternative rock has inspired the likes of Beck , R.E.M. , Teenage Fanclub , Primal Scream , Afghan Whigs , Pete Yorn , Wilco , The Posies , and The Replacements , all of which have covered his music or name-dropped Big Star in the press .   His life was documented in the acclaimed Big Star : Nothing Can Hurt Me documentary , released in 2013 on Magnolia Pictures .   In the winter 2017 , Bell 's life will be documented in the book There Was a Light : The Cosmic History of Chris Bell and the Rise of Big Star . The oral-history style bio is slated for a November 2017 release .

neg: O Canada (TV series) O Canada is a Canadian-American animated television anthology series , broadcast in the United States on Cartoon Network . O Canada was the first Canadian cartoon series to air on Cartoon Network .   Shown mainly on Sunday nights ( early Monday mornings ) at 12:00 midnight ET , O Canada featured a selection of animated shorts from Canada , mostly from the archives of the National Film Board of Canada . Some of the animated shorts featured were part of the NFB 's Canada Vignettes collection of shorts first produced for CBC Television .   The title of the series originated from the name of Canada 's national anthem , O Canada .   One of the notable shorts featured in this series was Bob 's Birthday , which would later serve as the basis for Comedy Central / Global Television Network 's Bob and Margaret series , which would debut the following year . Despite its time slot , Bob 's Birthday was censored with one scene , that featured Bob fully bottomless , edited with a maple leaf electronically superimposed over his genitalia .

neg: Locations in Veronica Mars Veronica Mars is an American television series created by Rob Thomas . The series premiered on September 22 , 2004 , during UPN 's last two years , and ended on May 22 , 2007 , after a season on UPN 's successor , The CW Television Network . Set in the fictional town of Neptune , the series starred Kristen Bell as the title character , a student who progressed from high school to college during the series while moonlighting as a private investigator under the wing of her detective father .

neg: Catherine Annau Catherine Annau is a North American documentary filmmaker who worked on Kim Cattrall : Sexual Intelligence ( HBO ) , the award-winning Just Watch Me : Trudeau and the '70s Generation and as a producer and director on reality series such as Spoiled Rotten and Gold Medal Plates : The Quest for Canada 's Best Chef .   Annau 's debut feature Just Watch Me : Trudeau and the '70s Generation won numerous prizes and appeared at New York 's Lincoln Center , the National Gallery in Washington D.C. , at the Canadian Cultural Centre in Paris , and at various film festivals worldwide .   Annau 's other directing work includes the high definition , international co-production Sexual Intelligence with Kim Cattrall , broadcast on HBO , Channel 4 , and Discovery Canada ; Winning , a documentary about lottery winners which was broadcast by the Sundance Channel U.S and numerous public broadcasters , and The Power Refugees , a half-hour documentary about savvy young Canadians in New York . She had produced and directed for CBC 's renowned investigative journalism series The Fifth Estate . Her documentary The Good Father about one of Canada 's worst sexual predators was acclaimed in Canada and abroad . She has also produced an internationally award-winning documentary on women and heart disease , Wisdom of the Heart .   A published author , her written work has appeared in the best-selling Trudeau Albums ( Penguin Books , 2000 ) , and in the Globe and Mail , as well as in numerous academic journals and anthologies of Canadian history .   An author and pundit , Annau produced and directed Brick by Brick : the Story of Evergreen Brickworks , a documentary film about urban and environmental renewal and the Nazi POWs who helped build modern Toronto .

neg: Bell, Book & Candle (band) Bell , Book & Candle is a German musical group consisting of Jana Gross ( vocals ) , Andy Birr ( vocals , guitars , drums ) and Hendrik Röder ( vocals , bass guitar ) .   Their first album to be released was Read My Sign in 1998 . The album spawned a hit single called `` Rescue Me ( Let Your Amazement Grow ) '' and featured a cover of a Sheryl Crow song , `` Destiny '' .   Birr is the son of Puhdys singer and guitarist Dieter Birr , and Röder is the son of Puhdys keyboardist Peter Meyer .

neg: Michael Dougall Bell Michael Dougall Bell ( born September 10 , 1943 ) is a former Canadian Foreign Service Officer with 36 years experience in the Department of Foreign Affairs , mostly focused on the Middle East . He was Canada 's Ambassador to Jordan ( 1987 -- 90 ) , Egypt ( 1994 -- 98 ) , and Israel ( 1990 -- 92 and 1999 -- 2003 ) . Also former Chair of the Donor Committee of the International Reconstruction Fund Facility for Iraq .

neg: Kevin Bellie Kevin Bellie ( born May 8 , 1971 ) is an American director and choreographer based in the Chicago , Illinois area . Bellie has been nominated for 20 Joseph Jefferson Awards and is a five-time award winner . Bellie was artistic director for Circle Theatre Chicago in Forest Park from 2003-2012 before stepping down to pursue freelance work .

neg: Kristen Foster Kristen Foster ( born January 27 , 1987 in Morden , Manitoba ) is a Canadian curler . She currently plays second for the Jill Thurston team .   In 2003 , Foster led her Morden Collegiate Institute team to a Manitoba High School championship .   Foster had played with the Chelsea Carey rink since it formed in 2007 . Since joining the rink , the team has won one Grand Slam event , the 2010 Manitoba Lotteries Women 's Curling Classic and one provincial championship , the 2014 Manitoba Scotties Tournament of Hearts . The team has also played in three Canada Cups , in 2010 , 2011 and 2012 - finishing 2nd in 2011 . The team also played in the 2013 Canadian Olympic Curling Trials , where they placed 4th . They won the bronze medal at the 2014 Scotties Tournament of Hearts . After the season , she joined the Allison Flaxey rink .

neg: CTV Two Alberta CTV Two Alberta is a Canadian English language entertainment , information and educational television channel in the province of Alberta . It is owned by Bell Media , and operates as a de facto owned-and-operated station of its secondary CTV Two television system .   The channel is licensed by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission ( CRTC ) as an educational programming service for Alberta , and was formerly a public broadcaster owned by the Alberta provincial government . Since becoming a private broadcaster , it has continued to air educational and children 's programming as a condition of license , along with entertainment programming more favourable to advertisers and adult viewers .   The channel is also designated as a `` satellite-to-cable undertaking '' serving the entirety of Alberta , and is therefore carried throughout the province on cable and licensed IPTV services on each service 's basic tier . It is also available on both national satellite services , Bell TV and Shaw Direct . In addition , the station formerly operated two terrestrial transmitters , CJAL-TV ( channel 9 ) in Edmonton , where the channel 's main studios are located , and CIAN-TV ( channel 13 ) in Calgary .


query: Howard Hughes only acquired one airline.

pos: Trans World Airlines Trans World Airlines ( TWA ) was a major American airline from 1924 until 2001 . It was formed as Transcontinental & Western Air to operate a route from New York City to Los Angeles via St. Louis , Kansas City , and other stops , with Ford Trimotors . With American , United , and Eastern , it was one of the `` Big Four '' domestic airlines in the United States formed by the Spoils Conference of 1930 .   Howard Hughes acquired control of TWA in 1939 , and after World War II led the expansion of the airline to serve Europe , the Middle East , and Asia , making TWA a second unofficial flag carrier of the United States after Pan Am . Hughes gave up control in the 1960s , and the new management of TWA acquired Hilton International and Century 21 in an attempt to diversify the company 's business .   As the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 led to a wave of airline failures , start-ups , and takeovers in the United States , TWA was spun off from its holding company in 1984 . Carl Icahn acquired control of TWA and took the company private in a leveraged buyout in 1988 . TWA became saddled with debt , sold its London routes , underwent Chapter 11 restructuring in 1992 and 1995 , and was further stressed by the explosion of TWA Flight 800 in 1996 .   In 2001 , TWA filed for a third and final bankruptcy and was acquired by American Airlines . American laid off many former TWA employees in the wake of the September 11 , 2001 attacks and closed its St. Louis hub in 2003 .   TWA was headquartered at one time in Kansas City , Missouri , and planned to make Kansas City International Airport its main domestic and international hub , but abandoned this plan in the 1970s . The airline later developed its largest hub at Lambert-St . Louis International Airport . Its main trans-Atlantic hub was the TWA Flight Center at John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York City , an architectural icon designed by Eero Saarinen and completed in 1962 .

pos: Hughes Airwest Hughes Airwest was an airline in the western United States , backed by the Summa Corporation of Howard Hughes . The original name for the airline was Air West . Hughes Airwest flew routes in the western U.S. and to a few cities in Mexico and Canada ; it was purchased by Republic Airlines on October 1 , 1980 . Its headquarters were on the grounds of San Francisco International Airport in unincorporated San Mateo County , California .

pos: Howard Hughes Howard Robard Hughes Jr. ( December 24 , 1905 -- April 5 , 1976 ) was an American businessman , investor , pilot , film director , and philanthropist , known during his lifetime as one of the most financially successful individuals in the world . He first made a name for himself as a film producer , and then became an influential figure in the aviation industry . Later in life , he became known for his eccentric behavior and reclusive lifestyle -- oddities that were caused in part by a worsening obsessive -- compulsive disorder ( OCD ) and chronic pain from a plane crash .   As a maverick film tycoon , Hughes gained prominence in Hollywood beginning in the late 1920s , when he produced big-budget and often controversial films like The Racket ( 1928 ) , Hell 's Angels ( 1930 ) , and Scarface ( 1932 ) . Later he controlled the RKO film studio .   Hughes formed the Hughes Aircraft Company in 1932 , hiring numerous engineers and designers . He spent the rest of the 1930s setting multiple world air speed records and building the Hughes H-1 Racer and H-4 Hercules ( the `` Spruce Goose '' ) . He acquired and expanded Trans World Airlines and later acquired Air West , renaming it Hughes Airwest . Hughes was included in Flying Magazine 's list of the 51 Heroes of Aviation , ranked at 25 . Today , his legacy is maintained through the Howard Hughes Medical Institute .

neg: British Asia Airways British Asia Airways was a subsidiary of British Airways formed in March 1993 , based in Taiwan , to operate between London and Taipei via Hong Kong .   This was due to political sensitivities , as national airlines operating flights to the People 's Republic of China were not permitted to fly to Taiwan . Similar arrangements were made by other airlines , such as Japan Airlines and Qantas .   It used the Boeing 747-436 .  repainted in a special livery , with the Union Flag tailfin being replaced by the Chinese characters 英亞 ( Hanyu Pinyin : Yīng Yà ; literally `` British Asia '' ) .   It flew between Taipei and Hong Kong using the code BR , which BA had inherited from British Caledonian , while the flight from London used BA .   It ceased operations after BA suspended flights to Taipei in December 2001 .

neg: One Six Right One Six Right : The Romance of Flying is an independent documentary film about the general aviation industry as seen through a local airport . Within a short period of time , it has achieved a passionate following and presence among pilots and aviation enthusiasts worldwide who see the film as being able to communicate their passion for aviation . Concurrently , the film has garnered both local and national political attention in the United States as an accurate depiction of general aviation and its important contributions to all aviation industries worldwide . Within the entertainment industry , the film has attracted the sponsorship and support of many large media companies , including Apple Inc. , Sony Electronics , Toshiba , Technicolor , Bose , and Dolby , as pioneering new standards in high definition ( HD ) film making and distribution .

neg: British Caledonian British Caledonian ( BCal ) was a private , British independent airline , operating out of Gatwick Airport in south-east England during the 1970s and 1980s . It was created as an alternative to the British government-controlled corporation airlines and was described as the `` Second Force '' in the 1969 Edwards report . It was formed by the UK 's second-largest , independent charter airline Caledonian Airways taking over British United Airways ( BUA ) , then the largest British independent airline and the United Kingdom 's leading independent scheduled carrier .   The BUA takeover enabled Caledonian to realise its long-held ambition to transform itself into a scheduled airline . The merged entity eventually became the UK 's foremost independent , international scheduled airline .   A series of major financial setbacks during the mid-1980s combined with the airline 's inability to grow sufficiently to reach a viable size put the airline at serious risk of collapse . BCal began looking for a merger partner to improve its competitive position . In December 1987 , British Airways ( BA ) gained control of the airline . The Caledonian name and livery was then used to rebrand BA 's Gatwick-based subsidiary British Airtours as Caledonian Airways .

neg: Henry Wigley Sir Henry `` Harry '' Rodolph Wigley ( 2 February 1913 -- 15 September 1980 ) was a pilot , entrepreneur and pioneer of the New Zealand tourism industry .   Wigley was born at Fairlie in 1913 . In the 1930s Wigley entered the family firm , the Mount Cook Tourist Company of New Zealand which his father Rodolph Wigley had founded , but he had begun pilot training while in his teens , and at the outbreak of World War II joined the Royal New Zealand Air Force , first as a flying instructor , then as a fighter pilot in the Pacific - leaving with the rank of wing commander   Wigley had been captain of the New Zealand ski team in 1936 -- 37 , and after the war led his company in establishing new ski-fields and facilities at Coronet Peak and Lake Ohau .   In the early 1950s Wigley also encouraged the company to involve itself in the aerial topdressing businesses , and on 22 September 1955 he successfully landed on the snowfield of the Tasman Glacier with an Auster Aiglet aircraft fitted with retractable wooden skis of his own design . After that flight , which was reputed to be the first of its kind in the southern hemisphere , ski-plane trips to Tasman Glacier became a key part of the Mt Cook tourism .   On 11 January 1946 , Wigley was appointed an Officer of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire ( OBE ) in the military division `` in recognition of conspicuous service in operations against the Japanese . In the 1969 Birthday Honours , Wigley was appointed a Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire ( CBE ) in the civil division for services to the tourist industry . His appointment was elevated to Knight Commander in the 1976 New Year Honours for services to the tourist , travel and aviation industries .   Wigley died of a heart attack on a golf course in Christchurch on 15 September 1980 .

neg: Wings Airways Wings Airways was a commuter airline based out of Wings Field in Blue Bell , Pennsylvania .   The airline focused primarily on shuttling passengers to nearby airports throughout the region . Wings Airways promised faster commute times to and from major airports for those living in neighboring suburban areas of Philadelphia . The primary route served by the air carrier was the short hop between Wings Field ( BBX ) in Blue Bell and the Philadelphia International Airport ( PHL ) which was a flight of less than 15 minutes . From the late 1970s to the late 1980s , Wings operated a high frequency shuttle service between BBX and PHL with up to 22 round trip flights on weekdays .   However , the airline then shutdown during the early 1990s due to the construction of Interstate 476 and other highways and freeways in the greater Philadelphia area , which made it easier for those living in the suburbs to access Philadelphia International Airport . According to a publication by 2004 newsletter from Wings Field , there were 152 operations a day at Wings Field ( 55,540 for the year ) during the airline 's peak in 1990 .

neg: Laker Airways Laker Airways was a wholly private , British independentindependent from government-owned corporations airline founded by Sir Freddie Laker in 1966 . It originally was a charter airline flying passengers and cargo worldwide . Its head office was located at London Gatwick Airport in Crawley , England .   It became the second long-haul , low-cost , `` no frills '' airline in 1977 , operating low-fare scheduled services between London Gatwick Airport and New York City 's John F. Kennedy Airport ( after pioneering Icelandic low-cost carrier Loftleiðir ) .  The company did not survive the recession of the early 1980s and operated its last flight on 5 February 1982 , the day it went bankrupt .

neg: Chicago Express Airlines Chicago Express Airlines , Inc. . was a regional airline headquartered in Chicago , Illinois , United States .   It operated regional feeder services from Chicago Midway Airport under the name ATA Connection . On June 1 , 1999 , ATA Airlines acquired Chicago Express for $ 1.9 million . Chicago Express became a wholly owned subsidiary of Amtran , later known as ATA Holdings , and now known as Global Aero Logistics , Inc. . The airline had a line maintenance base at Midway Airport in Chicago , Illinois , and a hangar maintenance base at Gerald R. Ford International Airport in Grand Rapids , Michigan . In 2000 , The hangar maintenance base was moved to South Bend Regional Airport in South Bend , Indiana . Chicago Express provided connecting service at ATA 's hub , Chicago Midway International Airport . In 2004 , ATA Airlines declared bankruptcy , and as a result , ATA terminated turboprop service ( ATA Connection ) , and Chicago Express ceased all operations on March 28 , 2005 . It was purchased by CSC Investment Group based in Chicago , headed up by investment group CEO Edward Halley , on March 28 , 2005 .

neg: Superior Aviation Beijing Superior Aviation Beijing is a Chinese aircraft manufacturer .   Superior was initially formed as Qingdao Haili Helicopter Co and Qingdao Brantly Investment Group , a private venture that purchased the Brantly International rights and tooling to manufacture a UAV in China .   Superior Aviation was formed in 2010 with the purchase of the American aircraft part manufacturer , Superior Air Parts . It is 60 % owned by Chairman Cheng Shenzong , and 40 % owned by Beijing E-Town International Investment & Development Co. , Ltd. , an economic development agency of the Beijing municipal government .   In July 2012 , Superior entered a contract to takeover the assets of Hawker Beechcraft pending approval . The deal did not include the Hawker Beechcraft Defense Company subsidiary . On 18 October 2012 multiple sources reported that the negotiations for the takeover had failed . Euan Rocha and Stuart Grudgings writing for Reuters reported that the CEO of Hawker Beechcraft , Steve Miller , had attributed the failure to `` China-bashing by U.S. presidential candidates may have contributed to failure of the talks '' although an article in that Wall Street Journal pointed to other reasons for the failure of the negotiations , including national security concerns as `` the company 's defense operations were integrated with its civilian businesses that proved difficult to untangle '' , and legal complications , as `` advisers in the U.S. had trouble negotiating with Chinese representatives unfamiliar with U.S. finance and bankruptcy law . '' A press release from Hawker Beechcraft ascribing the failure to the fact that , `` the proposed transaction with Superior could not be completed on terms acceptable to the company . '' Textron Aviation eventually bought Hawker Beechcraft in 2014 .

neg: Boeing 707 The Boeing 707 is a mid-sized , long-range , narrow-body , four-engine jet airliner built by Boeing Commercial Airplanes from 1958 to 1979 . Its name is commonly pronounced as `` seven oh seven '' . Versions of the aircraft have a capacity from 140 to 219 passengers and a range of 2500 to .   Developed as Boeing 's first jet airliner , the 707 is a swept-wing design with podded engines . Although it was not the first jetliner in service , the 707 was the first to be commercially successful . Dominating passenger air transport in the 1960s and remaining common through the 1970s , the 707 is generally credited with ushering in the Jet Age . It established Boeing as one of the largest manufacturers of passenger aircraft , and led to the later series of airliners with `` 7x7 '' designations . The later 720 , 727 , 737 , and 757 share elements of the 707 's fuselage design .   The 707 was developed from the Boeing 367-80 , a prototype jet first flown in 1954 . A larger fuselage cross-section and other modifications resulted in the initial-production 707-120 , powered by Pratt & Whitney JT3C turbojet engines , which first flew on December 20 , 1957 . Pan American World Airways began regular 707 service on October 26 , 1958 . Later derivatives included the shortened long-range 707-138 and the stretched 707-320 , both of which entered service in 1959 . A smaller short-range variant , the 720 , was introduced in 1960 . The 707-420 , a version of the stretched 707 with Rolls-Royce Conway turbofans , debuted in 1960 , while Pratt & Whitney JT3D turbofans debuted on the 707-120B and 707-320B models in 1961 and 1962 , respectively .   The 707 has been used on domestic , transcontinental , and transatlantic flights , and for cargo and military applications . A convertible passenger-freighter model , the 707-320C , entered service in 1963 , and passenger 707s have been modified to freighter configurations . Military derivatives include the E-3 Sentry airborne reconnaissance aircraft and the C-137 Stratoliner VIP transports . Boeing produced and delivered 1,011 airliners including the smaller 720 series ; over 800 military versions were also produced . Ten Boeing 707s were in commercial service in July 2013 .

neg: Century Airlines pilots' strike The Century Air Lines Strike of 1932 was a strike of pilots from Chicago-based Century Air Lines following a proposal in early February by company owner Errett Lobban Cord to cut wages by up to 40 % . The two-month strike was the first in the history of the fledgling commercial aviation industry and also the first significant action for the year-old Air Line Pilots Association ( ALPA ) which represented the 23 striking pilots . Political agitation in the form of congressional hearings and public condemnations eventually forced Cord to relent and sell Century Airlines on April 2 to the Aviation Corporation ( AVCO ) , parent company of American Airways .   The strike highlighted the problems facing the commercial aviation industry as it began to grow and diversify significantly for the first time . Meanwhile , the success of the ALPA in lobbying for political support established it as a significant power in organized labor .

neg: Empires Airlines Empires Airlines was an airline that merged with Zimmerly Airlines in 1946 to form West Coast Airlines . West Coast Airlines later merged with two other airlines to form Hughes Airwest in 1968 . In 1980 Hughes Airwest was acquired by Republic Airlines , which was acquired in 1986 by Northwest Airlines . Northwest Airlines was approved to merge with Delta Air Lines on October 29 , 2008 .

neg: AlliedSignal AlliedSignal was an American aerospace , automotive and engineering company created through the 1985 merger of Allied Corp. and Signal Companies . It subsequently purchased Honeywell for $ 15 billion in 1999 , and thereafter adopted the Honeywell name and identity .

neg: WestJet WestJet Airlines Ltd. is a Canadian airline founded in 1996 . It began as a low-cost alternative to the country 's competing major airlines . WestJet provides scheduled and charter air service to 100 destinations in Canada , the United States , Europe , Mexico , Central America and the Caribbean .   WestJet is currently the second-largest Canadian air carrier , behind Air Canada , operating an average of 425 flights and carrying over 45,000 passengers per day . In 2013 , WestJet carried 18.5 million passengers , making it the ninth-largest airline in North America by passengers carried .   WestJet is a public company with more than 10,000 employees , and is not part of any airline alliance . It operates three variants of the Boeing 737 Next Generation family , as well as Boeing 767 aircraft , on select long-haul routes . Its subsidiary WestJet Encore also operates the Bombardier Q400 . The airline 's headquarters is located adjacent to the Calgary International Airport .   In 2015 , WestJet had passenger revenues of CAN$ 4.029 billion and its earnings per share increased 19 % to C$ 2.92 .

neg: Arizona Airways Rocky Nelson , an Arizona entrepreneur , formed Arizona Airways in 1942 , using Douglas DC-3 aircraft to fly passengers from Sky Harbor International Airport in Phoenix , to other , nearby destinations , including Prescott Municipal Airport in Prescott , Arizona , and Tucson International Airport in Tucson , Arizona .   On April 7 , 1946 , Arizona Airways began intrastate airline service on three routes within Arizona : Phoenix-Prescott-Kingman , Phoenix-Prescott-Flagstaff , and Phoenix-Casa Grande/Coolidge-Tucson-Nogales . Service was later extended from Flagstaff to Winslow , AZ. . From Nogales , service was extended onto Douglas/Bisbee , AZ , and a new route from Phoenix to Yuma was added . Their specialty was scenic tours of northern Arizona , especially the Grand Canyon . See articles below for more early history .   The Civil Aeronautics Board issued them a certificate in January , 1948 , with an airmail contract from Phoenix to El Paso with intermediate stops at Globe , Safford , and Clifton , AZ as well as Lordsburg , Deming , and Las Cruces , NM . By then the carrier 's finances were precarious and the CAB approved a merger with Monarch Airlines and Challenger Airlines in the spring of 1950 which took effect June 1 , 1950 .   The airline had three DC3s : N-75028 , N-64910 , and N-57985 at the merger . Their Sunliner names at Frontier Airlines became Teton , Williston Basin and Yellowstone .   Rocky Nelson was Founder and President of Arizona Airways from its founding in 1942 until its merger with Challenger and Monarch Airlines June 1 , 1950 to form Frontier Airlines , headquartered in Denver , Colorado . Afterwards , he was a regional vice president for Frontier Airlines . Rocky died March 6 , 1951 at age 46 of a heart attack .    The airline was very popular among Arizonans . It was the subject of an article in Arizona Highways magazine in 1947 . But Arizona Airways faced heavy competition from other carriers , and its operating costs were high due to high demand for parts and fuel as World War II raged in Europe , two factors which negatively affected the airline 's economy . Eventually , the original Arizona Airways was merged along with Challenger Airlines and Monarch Airlines into Frontier Airlines on June 1 , 1950 .

neg: Timothy E. Hoeksema Timothy E. Hoeksema ( born January 25 , 1947 ) was the chairman of Midwest Air Group who transformed the air fleet of the Kimberly Clark paper mill company into Midwest Airlines . He retired in July 2009 after the company was sold to Republic Airways Holdings after running into financial trouble .   Hoeksema was a flight instructor at the University of Illinois at Champaign in 1968 . Hoeksema joined Kimberly-Clark in 1969 serving as first officer of the company 's air fleet -- the same year that Kimberly-Clark started its K-C Aviation subsidiary . He graduated summa cum laude from Western Michigan University in 1972 with a bachelor of science in aviation engineering technology .   In 1974 , he became chief pilot for Kimberly-Clark . In 1977 after receiving a master 's degree in business administration while on a Kimberly-Clark scholarship to the University of Chicago Executive Program .  he was named director of air transportation for the company and president of K-C Aviation .   In 1984 he was responsible for transforming K-C Aviation into a commercial company Midwest Express which started out with two DC-9 planes .   In 1988 he was named head of Kimberly Clark 's transportation sector .   In 1995 the airline 's parent Midwest Airgroup was listed on the American Stock Exchange .   In 2007-2008 he fought a takeover attempt by AirTran Airlines in the `` Save the Cookie '' campaign ( a take off on the company 's signature service of providing on board baked chocolate chip cookies to its passengers ) before ultimately agreeing to a private takeover from a consortium led by TPG Capital with a minority investment by Northwest Airlines . He remained the chief executive of the airline under its new owners . TPG bought the company for $ 452 million in 2008 . In July 2009 it sold it for $ 31 million .   He is also a director at the Marcus Corporation and is on the Board of Trustees of the Medical College of Wisconsin .

neg: Airline deregulation Airline deregulation is the process of removing government-imposed entry and price restrictions on airlines affecting , in particular , the carriers permitted to serve specific routes . In the United States , the term usually applies to the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 . A new form of regulation has been developed to some extent to deal with problems such as the allocation of the limited number of slots available at airports .

neg: Delta Connection Delta Connection is a regional airline brand name for Delta Air Lines , under which a number of individually owned regional airlines operate short - and medium-haul routes . Delta 's lone wholly owned regional airline , Endeavor Air , also resides under the Delta Connection banner . Mainline carriers often use regional airlines to operate services in order to increase frequency , serve routes that would not sustain larger aircraft , or for other competitive reasons .

neg: Overseas National Airways The original Overseas National Airways Inc ( ONA ) was an American airline , formed in June 1950 as a supplemental air carrier . It ceased operations on September 14 , 1978 . The airline started as Air Travel in 1946 and was renamed Calasia Air Transport the same year . The name changed to Overseas National in 1950 when it became a supplemental air carrier .   The company 's headquarters were on the property of John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York City .   A second related company , which took the name in 1978 , was later renamed National Airlines before declaring bankruptcy in 1986 .

neg: Thomas-Morse Aircraft The Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corporation was an American aircraft manufacturer , until it was taken over by the Consolidated Aircraft Corporation in 1929 .

neg: Vietnam Helicopter Corporation Vietnam Helicopter Corporation ( VNH - Vietnam Helicopters ) ( Vietnamese : Tổng Công ty Trực thăng Việt Nam ) is a state-owned helicopter airline owned by Ministry of Defense ( Vietnam ) and it 's main business is : Cargo transport , flying tourism services , training pilots , real estate , office for lease , export-import devices of the aviation industry .