query: Shakira is a performer.

pos: Laundry Service Laundry Service ( Servicio de Lavandería ) is the fifth studio album by Colombian singer and songwriter Shakira , globally released on 13 November 2001 by Epic Records . It is her first album to be primarily recorded in English . After the release of her fourth studio album Dónde Están los Ladrones ? , which became a success in Latin America , Shakira was encouraged by American singer Gloria Estefan to record songs in English as she believed the singer had the potential to crossover into the English-language pop market . Shakira was initially hesitant to undertake the project , but later decided to learn English well enough to be able to write songs in the language herself . The title of the album was chosen to reflect Shakira 's views on love and music . It was also released as Servicio de Lavandería in Hispanic regions in January 2002 . Musically , Laundry Service is primarily a pop rock record but it also experiments with a variety of other musical styles , including Andean music , dance-pop , Middle Eastern music , rock and roll and tango . The lyrical theme of the album is mostly based around love and romance . Every song on the album was written and produced by Shakira .   Six singles were released from the album . The lead single `` Whenever , Wherever '' became an international success and reached number one on record charts of countries like Australia , Austria , France , Germany , Italy and Spain . Follow-up single `` Underneath Your Clothes '' repeated its success , topping the charts of Australia , Austria , and Belgium . Both singles charted inside the top ten in the United Kingdom and United States . The third single `` Objection ( Tango ) '' became a top ten hit in most countries around the world . Spanish-language singles `` Te Dejo Madrid '' and `` Que Me Quedes Tú '' performed well in Hispanic regions , becoming hits in Spain and on the Latin record charts in the United States , respectively . `` The One '' was a moderate commercial success and became the last single to be released from Laundry Service . Shakira embarked on the Tour of the Mongoose in 2002 and 2003 to promote the album . It was her first major worldwide tour and visited numerous countries and cities .   Upon its release , Laundry Service received favourable to mixed reviews from music critics . Many critics complimented Shakira 's incorporation of different musical styles in the production and her originality , while some critics argued that the album sounded too generic . Shakira 's vocal talent also attracted praise . Laundry Service topped the charts of countries including Australia , Austria , Belgium , Canada and Switzerland , while reaching the top five in other countries like Argentina , France , Germany , Spain and the United Kingdom . In the United States , Laundry Service peaked at number three on the Billboard 200 chart . The album received numerous record certifications in various countries , including quintuple-platinum certifications in Australia , Canada , Spain and Switzerland . It was also certified multi-platinum in the United Kingdom and the United States , proving to be a successful crossover for Shakira . Globally , Laundry Service was the seventh best-selling album in 2002 . Up till 2003 , Laundry Service has sold more than 13 million copies worldwide .

pos: Peligro (Shakira album) Peligro ( Danger ) is the second studio album by Colombian singer-songwriter Shakira , released on 25 March 1993 , by Sony Music Colombia .

pos: Shakira (album) Shakira is the tenth studio album by Colombian singer and songwriter Shakira , released on 21 March 2014 by RCA Records . It is her first English-language album since her eighth studio album , She Wolf ( 2009 ) . Shakira revealed in November 2011 that she had begun work on the album , which continued into 2014 . The album was initially set to be released in 2012 , but was delayed because of Shakira 's pregnancy . Since starting the album , Shakira departed Epic Records , signed a new management deal with Roc Nation and subsequently signed to Epic 's sister label , RCA Records .   A pop album , Shakira has a diverse musical style that incorporates a range of genres such as reggae and rock , as well as dance and country elements . Its production is characterized by lean , tender verses and muscular , ecstatic choruses , that incorporate swirling , crashing sounds . The album 's lyrics explore motherhood , the complexities of romantic relationships , stages of love and the search for personal happiness . Most of the album was written by Shakira , along with Nasri and Adam Messinger , with all the previous predominantly producing the album .   Upon release Shakira was met with positive reviews from music critics , praising its lyrical content , while others stated that Shakira was trying to `` Americanize her sound '' . Commercially the album debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200 chart with first week sales of 85,000 copies . By doing so , Shakira became the singer 's highest-charting album on the chart , although it also achieved her lowest first-week sales figure ( for an English-language album ) . The album campaign started in 2014 , with the release of its first single , `` Ca n't Remember to Forget You '' , followed by the singles `` Empire '' and `` Dare ( La La La ) '' .

pos: Shakira Shakira Isabel Mebarak Ripoll ( -LSB- ( t ) ʃaˈkiɾa isaˈβel meβaˈɾak riˈpol -RSB- ; -LSB- langʃəˈki : rə -RSB- born 2 February 1977 ) is a Colombian singer , songwriter , dancer , and record producer . Born and raised in Barranquilla , she began performing in school , demonstrating Latin American , Arabic , and rock and roll influences and belly dancing abilities . Shakira 's first studio albums , Magia and Peligro , failed to attain commercial success in the 1990s ; however , she rose to prominence in Latin America with her major-label debut , Pies Descalzos ( 1996 ) , and her fourth album , Dónde Están los Ladrones ? ( 1998 ) .   Shakira entered the English-language market with her fifth album , Laundry Service . Its lead single , `` Whenever , Wherever '' , became one of the most successful singles of 2002 . Her success was solidified with her sixth and seventh albums Fijación Oral , Volumen Uno and Oral Fixation , Volume Two ( 2005 ) , the latter of which spawned one of the best-selling songs of the 21st century , `` Hips Do n't Lie '' . Shakira 's eighth and ninth albums , She Wolf ( 2009 ) and Sale el Sol ( 2010 ) , received critical praise . Her official song for the 2010 FIFA World Cup , `` Waka Waka ( This Time for Africa ) '' , became the biggest-selling World Cup song of all time . With over 1.3 billion views , it is one of the most-watched music videos on YouTube . Shakira served as a coach on the fourth and sixth seasons of the American version of The Voice in 2013 and 2014 , respectively . Her tenth album , Shakira ( 2014 ) , is preceded by its lead single , `` Ca n't Remember to Forget You '' .   Shakira has won many awards , including five MTV Video Music Awards , two Grammy Awards , eight Latin Grammy Awards , seven Billboard Music Awards , 28 Billboard Latin Music Awards and has been Golden Globe-nominated . She has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame , and has sold between 70 and 125 million records worldwide ( depending on the source ) , making her the best selling South American singer and one of the best selling Latin artists of all time . She carries out well-known philanthropic activities through charity work most notably through her Pies Descalzos Foundation . In 2014 , she was listed as the 58th most powerful woman in the world by Forbes .

pos: Sale el Sol Sale el Sol ( The Sun Comes Out ) is the ninth studio album by Colombian singer and songwriter Shakira , released on 19 October 2010 , by Epic Records . The album marks a musical return to Shakira 's `` roots '' after the electropop record She Wolf ( 2009 ) . The singer split the album into three `` directions '' : a romantic side , a `` rock and roll '' side , and a `` Latino , tropical '' side . The latter two `` directions '' experiment with rock and merengue music , respectively . As co-producer , Shakira enlisted collaborators including Josh Abraham , El Cata , Gustavo Cerati , John Hill , Lester Mendez , and Residente Calle 13 .   Five singles were released from Sale el Sol . The lead single `` Loca '' topped the charts of Italy , Spain , and Switzerland . The title track , `` Sale el Sol '' , was released as the second single . The third single `` Rabiosa '' reached top ten positions in Austria , Belgium , Italy and Spain . `` Antes de las Seis '' was released as the fourth single . `` Addicted to You '' was released as the fifth single . In the United States , `` Loca '' topped the Billboard Hot Latin Songs , Latin Pop Airplay , and Tropical Songs charts . Shakira embarked on The Sun Comes Out World Tour in late-2010 to promote the album .   At the 2011 Latin Grammy Awards ceremony , Sale el Sol won the award for `` Best Female Pop Vocal Album '' . A success throughout Europe and Latin America , Sale el Sol peaked atop the charts of countries Belgium , Croatia , France , Mexico , Portugal and Spain . In the United States , it debuted at number seven on the US Billboard 200 chart and at number one on both the Top Latin Albums and Latin Pop Albums charts , achieving strong digital sales in the region . Sale el Sol attained numerous record certifications in several regions across the globe , including multi-platinum certifications in Spain and Switzerland , and diamond certifications in France and Colombia .

neg: Third Eurovision Dance Contest The third Eurovision Dance Contest was originally planned to be organised in Baku , Azerbaijan at the Heydar Aliyev Sports and Exhibition Complex on 26 September 2009 . İctimai Television was planning to increase the number of participating countries as well as inviting a world-famous star to host the contest , listing Jennifer Lopez , Kylie Minogue and Shakira as candidates . An additional extravaganza open-air concert was planned to be held , bringing together ex-participants of the Eurovision , Junior Eurovision and Eurovision Dance Contests on one stage .

neg: Lo Nuestro Award for Tropical New Artist of the Year The Lo Nuestro Award for Tropical/Salsa New Artist of the Year is an honor presented annually by American network Univision . It was first awarded in 1989 and has been given annually since to recognize the most talented performers of Latin music . The nominees and winners were originally selected by a voting poll conducted among program directors of Spanish-language radio stations in the United States and also based on chart performance on Billboard Latin music charts , with the results being tabulated and certified by the accounting firm Deloitte . At the present time , the winners are selected by the audience through an online survey . The trophy awarded is shaped in the form of a treble clef .   The award was first presented to Nicaraguan singer Luis Enrique . Puerto-Rican American performer Olga Tañón was a nominee in 1993 and eventually became the most awarded performer in Lo Nuestro Awards history , with 22 accolades . American singer Marc Anthony won the following year and also received the Grammy Award for Best Tropical Latin Performance for the album Contra la Corriente in 1998 . Puerto-Rican American artist Elvis Crespo earned the award in 1999 , the same year that his songs `` Suavemente '' and `` Tu Sonrisa '' peaked at number-one at the Billboard Latin Songs chart . At the 12th Lo Nuestro Awards , Son by Four was named Tropical New Artist of the Year aided by the massive success of their single `` A Puro Dolor '' , which later ranked 1st at the Hot Latin Songs 25th Anniversary chart . Colombian singer-songwriter Fonseca won in 2007 and also earned the Latin Grammy Award for Best Tropical Song . In 2013 , the Pop , Regional Mexican and Tropical/Salsa New Artist of the Year categories were merged on a Lo Nuestro Award for Best New Artist category in the General Field ; however , the following year , the Lo Nuestro Award for Tropical New Artist of the Year was reincorporated .

neg: Hips Don't Lie `` Hips Do n't Lie '' is a song by Colombian singer and songwriter Shakira , featuring Haitian rapper Wyclef Jean for the reissue of Shakira 's seventh studio album , Oral Fixation , Vol . 2 . It was released on 28 February 2006 , by Epic Records as the second single from the album . The song was written and produced by Shakira , Jean , Jerry ` Wonder ' Duplessis and LaTavia Parker . `` Hips Do n't Lie '' is a salsa and worldbeat song , which heavily incorporates samples from Jean 's earlier single `` Dance Like This '' and `` Amores Como el Nuestro '' written by Omar Alfanno .   Upon its release , `` Hips Do n't Lie '' received generally favorable reviews from music critics . It received several accolades , including a People 's Choice Award , an MTV Latin America Video Music Award , and an MTV Video Music Award . `` Hips Do n't Lie '' reached the number one spot on charts in at least 18 countries including the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 , becoming her first number one single in the country . It also broke the record for the most radio plays in a single week and the fastest selling digital download song in the United States . The song was eventually certified Triple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , where it has sold over 3 million copies . It also topped the charts in Australia , Belgium ( Flanders and Wallonia ) , France , Germany , Ireland , Italy , Netherlands , New Zealand , Switzerland and the United Kingdom . Having sold over 10 million digital downloads , the track became one of the best-selling singles of the 21st century .

neg: Latin Grammy Award for Best Singer-Songwriter Album The Latin Grammy Award for Best Singer-Songwriter Album is an honor presented annually at the Latin Grammy Awards , a ceremony that recognizes excellence and creates a wider awareness of cultural diversity and contributions of Latin recording artists in the United States and internationally . According to the category description guide for the 13th Latin Grammy Awards , the award is reserved for solo artists or duos and they `` must compose and interpret 75 percent of the album on their own to be eligible in this category '' . Additionally , live albums are eligible if they contain at least 51 percent of new unreleased material released within the eligibility period .   The accolade for Best Singer-Songwriter Album was first presented to American performer and musician Soraya at the 5th Latin Grammy Awards in 2004 for her eponymous fourth studio album ( 2003 ) . Caetano Veloso and Gian Marco Zignago have received the most wins in this category , with four . Guatemalan singer Ricardo Arjona has the highest number of nominations without a single win , with four unsuccessful nominations . For the first time in the category 's history , in 2011 , a tie was declared with the award given to Zignago for Días Nuevos and to Cuban artist Amaury Gutiérrez for Sesiones Intimas .

neg: Live from Paris Live from Paris may refer to :  Live from Paris ( U2 album )  Live from Paris ( Shakira album )

neg: Ric Fierabracci Ric Fierabracci is an American bassist who has toured and/or recorded with such artists as Frank Gambale , Chick Corea , Sir Tom Jones , Dave Weckl , Bradley Joseph , Shakira , Nancy Sinatra , Planet X , The 5th Dimension , The Beach Boys , and Yanni . He is featured on Yanni 's live concert videos and albums Yanni Live at the Acropolis , Yanni Live at Royal Albert Hall , and Tribute , most recently touring during the 2003 Ethnicity world tour . He also appears in Shakira 's music video `` Inevitable '' . Fierabracci had performed as the house bassist at the L.A. jazz club `` The Baked Potato '' until he relocated to New York City , and has also contributed to numerous TV and film jingles .

neg: Guapacha (dance) Guapacha pronounced `` wapacha '' , is a modern afro-Cuban partner dance that is a fusion of Cha-cha-cha and hip hop , promoted in 2006 by Strictly Dance Fever TV program .

neg: Estadio Modelo Alberto Spencer Herrera Estadio Modelo is a multi-purpose stadium in Guayaquil , Ecuador , owned by Fedeguayas . It is currently used mostly for association football matches and is the home stadium of Rocafuerte Fútbol Club , Club 9 de Octubre , Club Sport Patria , Club Deportivo Everest , Calvi Fútbol Club , Panamá Sporting Club and Club Sport Norteamérica . The stadium holds 42,000 . It was built and opened in 1959 .   After the death of Alberto Spencer , the Federación Ecuatoriana de Fútbol renamed the stadium to Estadio Modelo Alberto Spencer Herrera .   Colombian singer Shakira performed a sold out concert at the stadium on November 30 , 2006 as part of her Oral Fixation Tour .

neg: Hip Hop Galsen Following an historical process of appropriation of American popular music by Senegal , For e.g. Jazz as well as Latin American music such as salsa or pachanga were popular in Senegalese cities from the 1940s and until recently . Hip Hop emerged in the Senegalese capital city in the early mid - 1980s . Although Hip Hop Galsen is now famous for its diverse musical productions , the movement there spread out from its dancing appeal rather than from its musical one . Indeed , Senegalese hip hop artists initially participated in this movement as smurfer , breakdancer , B-Boy in general performing during organised podiums . Schools , nightclubs and other temporary public stages thus played an essential role in amplifying this movement in Dakar . Besides , and in contrast to American Hip Hop , which grew from the youth in the inner city ghettos , Hip Hop in Dakar began among a somehow middle-class youth who was able to access and/or introduce in their home place new ideas and new cultural expressions coming from abroad . Indeed , Hip Hop became popular in the capital city through the intensive though informal circulation of VH7 cassettes and recorded videos , which were imported from USA ( Africa Bambaataa ) or France ( hip hop dance TV show ` HIPHOP ' animated by Sydney ) by diaspora people .   Quickly , podiums enlarged their performances from dancers only to rappers as well . It was a time when soon-to-be hip hop artists were still mimicking American artists they actively used to listen to such Africa Bambaataa , Grandmaster Flash , Furious Five , Delight , Doug E. Fresh or Public Enemy for the most well-known . Indeed , rap , the MC performance , was still then a phonetic repetition , a copycatting of either American rappers or , with Hip Hop booming in France in the 1980s , of French hip hop artists such as Assassin , NTM , IAM or Mc Solaar . Without the real capacity for translating the movement and its expressions in Senegalese terms yet , the mid-1980s in Dakar were however definitively hip hop . And whenever the classical hip hop film Beat Street was circulating in local cinemas , young people were following the movie from showroom to showroom in order to view it again and again and to know by heart the famous lyrics of Grandmaster Flash .

neg: Drumstruck Drumstruck , billed as the world 's first interactive drum theater experience , is an interactive play created by South African entrepreneur Warren Lieberman and Kathy-Jo Wein . The play is based on the corporate team building performance group Drum Cafe which brought together companies through playing the djembe Drumstuck originated in South Africa , it toured China , Australia before coming to New York City in 2005 .   Drumstruck played 40 previews and 607 regular shows from May 2005 to November 2006 to sold out audiences at Dodger Stages . It took its audiences on a journey through South Africa through drums , gumboot dancing , zulu dancing and song . Each audience member was provided with their own djembe and played and sang along with the show , representing the sharing of music present in African music . The show also featured eleven South African performers dressed in traditional clothing including : Tiny Modise , Africa Djane , Ayanda , Sebone Rangata , Enoch Mahlangu , Richard Carter , Molutsi Mogami , Ronald Medupe , Nomvula Gerashe , Sponch Mogapi , Simon Letsoela and one American performer LeeAnet Noble .   Drumstruck has toured in Japan every year since 2008 .  In 2008 Drumstruck toured China , Nanjing International Theatre festival and Performed some Drumstruck elements during the Beijing Olympics opening ceremony  In 2009 Drumstruck toured Japan -- 2 weeks in Tokyo -- 3 weeks touring around Japan  In 2010 Members of Drumstruck perform with Shakira , K'Naan at FIFA World Cup Concert , in Japan -- 2 weeks Tokyo -- 3 weeks touring around Japan and South Africa during FIFA world Cup .  In 2011 , 2012 Drumstruck toured Japan to sold out tours of 5 weeks

neg: Backing vocalist Backing vocalists are singers who provide vocal harmony with the lead vocalist or other backing vocalists . In some cases , a backing singer may sing alone as a lead-in to the main vocalist 's entry or to sing a counter-melody . Backing vocalists are used in a broad range of popular music , traditional music and world music styles .   Solo artists may employ professional backing vocalists in studio recording sessions as well as during concerts . In many rock and metal bands ( e.g. , the power trio ) , the musicians doing backup vocals also play instruments , such as guitar , electric bass , drums , or keyboards . In Latin or Afro-Cuban groups , backup singers may play percussion instruments or shakers while singing . In some pop and hip-hop groups and in musical theater , the backup singers may be required to perform elaborately choreographed dance routines while they sing through headset microphones .   The style of singing used by backup singers varies according to the type of song and the genre of music the band plays . In pop and country songs , backup vocalists may perform vocal harmony parts to support the lead vocalist . In hardcore punk or rockabilly , other band members who play instruments may sing or shout backup vocals during the chorus ( refrain ) section of the songs .

neg: Makossa Makossa is a noted Cameroonian popular urban musical style . Like much other late 20th century music of Sub-Saharan Africa , it uses strong electric bass rhythms and prominent brass . In the 1980s makossa had a wave of mainstream success across Africa and to a lesser extent abroad .   Makossa , which means '' ( I ) dance '' in the Douala language , originated from a Douala dance called the kossa . Emmanuel Nelle Eyoum started using the refrain kossa kossa in his songs with his group Los Calvinos . The style began to take shape in the 1950s though the first recordings were not seen until a decade later . Artists such as Eboa Lotin , Misse Ngoh and especially Manu Dibango , who popularised makossa throughout the world with his song `` Soul Makossa '' in the early 1970s . The chant from the song , mamako , mamasa , maka makossa , was later used by Michael Jackson in `` Wan na Be Startin ' Somethin' '' . Many other performers followed suit . The 2010 World cup also brought makossa to the international stage as Shakira sampled the Golden Sounds popular song `` Zamina mina ( Zangalewa ) '' .   Makassi is a lighter style of makossa .

neg: Chutney Soca In Trinidad and Tobago , Guyana , Jamaica , and Suriname , Chutney soca music is a crossover style of music incorporating Soca elements and Hindi-English , Hinglish , Bhojpuri lyrics , Chutney music , with Indian instruments such as the dholak and dhantal .   The term chutney soca was first coined by Drupatee Ramgoonai of Trinidad & Tobago in 1987 in her first album entitled Chutney Soca , with both English and Hindi and/or Bhojpuri versions of the songs . The current style of spelling of the term was not established then and she spelt it as `` Chatnee Soca '' . The following year her mega-hit `` Roll up de Tassa '' was instrumental in creating a commercial market for this type of music internationally . Drupatee has spoken about the blending of Afro and Indo melodies and rhythms in songs such as `` Chatnee Soca '' and `` Hotter than ah Chulha '' .  Chutney is a melody and soca is a beat . Drupatee used an ancient Indian melody called a lawnee with the soca beat in her rendition of `` O Tassawalley '' and has released a legacy of Chutney soca music .

neg: List of awards and nominations received by Missy Elliott Missy Elliott is an American rapper , singer-songwriter , author , record producer and actress . Missy 's debut album Supa Dupa Fly was released on July 15 , 1997 in the United States under her own label The Goldmind Inc. signed under Elektra Records . Her second album Da Real World was then released on June 22 , 1999 , followed by her third album Miss E. . . So Addictive , released on May 15 , 2001 . Under Construction was the fourth album released by Elliott , which was released on November 12 , 2002 , followed by her fifth album This Is Not a Test ! that saw a release in November 25 , 2003 , and The Cookbook , Elliott 's latest album to date , which was released on July 4 , 2005 .   Throughout Missy Elliott 's career , she has received several awards and nominations . Elliott would also be noted to become the first female rapper in history to take home the award for `` Best International Video '' from VIVA Comet Media Awards for her solo debut single , `` The Rain ( Supa Dupa Fly ) '' . Elliott 's debut Supa Dupa Fly ( 1997 ) would go on to score two Grammy nominations for Best Rap Solo Performance & Best Rap Album , alongside three MTV Music Video Awards nominations for `` Best Direction in a Video , '' `` Best Breakthrough Video '' & `` Best Rap Video '' .   Missy Elliott 's second album Da Real World ( 1999 ) attained a Grammy nomination for Best Rap Album . She also received an award for `` Best R&B / Soul or Rap Music Video '' by the Soul Train Awards . The album went on to go platinum making it Elliott 's second platinum album . The follow-up , Miss E. . . So Addictive ( 2001 ) , was a commercial success ; selling over 9.2 million copies worldwide making it her third consecutive platinum album . This album would attain twelve MTV Video Music Awards nominations throughout 2001 and 2002 . Additionally , the effort gained Elliott several nominations from various award shows some including , the Grammy Awards , MTV Video Music Awards , and the BET Awards .   On March 27 , 2001 , Lil ' Kim , Christina Aguilera , Pink , and Mýa recorded a cover version of the LaBelle song , `` Lady Marmalade '' as a medley for the feature film Moulin Rouge that Missy Elliott wrote and produced , which topped # 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 for five weeks . `` Lady Marmalade '' scored Elliott 's first Grammy Award in 2002 for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals .   Missy Elliott 's fourth album Under Construction ( 2002 ) was certified double platinum , making it her fourth platinum album . The effort gained Elliott eight MTV Video Music Awards in 2003 , taking two awards for `` Video of the Year & `` Best Hip-Hop Video '' . The album also gained Elliott five Grammy nominations in 2004 for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group , Best Rap Album , Album of The Year , Best Rap Song & Best Female Rap Solo Performance taking an award for Best Female Rap Solo Performance . Elliott 's follow-up This Is Not a Test ! ( 2003 ) would also attain a platinum certification , as well as two MTV Video Music Awards and one MTV Music Video Japan Awards nominations .   The Cookbook ( 2005 ) is Missy Elliott 's latest album to date . The effort attained three Grammy nominations in 2006 for Best Short Form Music Video , Best Rap Song & Best Rap Album . Elliott received the award for Best Short Form Music Video for her single `` Lose Control '' . The Cookbook also gained Elliott seven MTV Video Music Awards nominations , taking two awards for `` Best Dance Video '' and `` Best Hip-Hop Video '' . In 2014 , Missy Elliott became nominated for a Grammy for Best R&B Song for the featured single , `` Without Me '' .

neg: International folk dance International folk dance is a genre of dance where in selected folk dances from multiple ethnic groups are done by the same dancers , typically as part of a regular recreational dance club , for performances or at other events . The dances are typically considered the products of national or cultural traditions rather than part of an international tradition . International folk dancers need not be a member of any particular ethnicity .   It is done for various purposes , typically for preservation , recreation , or performance . Groups that dance for different purposes tend to do dances differently , and to select different dances . Recreational dancers select and tend to alter the dances ( often unintentionally ) according to their own tastes , and as a result of the changes that inevitably occur as dances are passed on from one person to the next . Performers typically prefer dramatic , flamboyant , or athletic dances , and they often tend to dance with stylized techniques and exaggerated movements . Dances for performances are usually selected and choreographed for presentation on stage . Nevertheless , there is substantial overlap between the dances done for recreation and performance . Some dancers of both types are often concerned with the preservation of a dance for its cultural value .   Some recreational international folk dance groups also perform dances not strictly considered folk dances . These are dances which are choreographed , or are aristocratic in nature . Choreographed modern Israeli folk dancing is often incorporated into international folk dance repertoire .

neg: Ashanti (singer) Ashanti Shequoiya Douglas ( born October 13 , 1980 ) , known simply as Ashanti , is an American singer , songwriter , record producer , dancer and actress . Ashanti is known for her eponymous debut album , which featured the hit song `` Foolish '' , and sold over 505,000 copies in its first week of release throughout the U.S. in April 2002 . In 2003 , the self-titled debut album won Ashanti her first Grammy Award for Best Contemporary R&B album . Her second release achieved a platinum certification and other top 10 singles .   Ashanti wrote and sang background on Jennifer Lopez 's `` Ai n't It Funny ( Murder Remix ) '' , which reached number one on Billboard Hot 100 , which was also in the top 10 chart at the same time as `` Foolish '' , `` Always on Time '' ( with Ja Rule ) , and `` What 's Luv ? '' ( with Fat Joe ) . Later that year , she was acclaimed as the `` Princess Of Hip-Hop & R&B '' by her label and capped off her successful debut by winning eight Billboard awards and two American Music Awards .   Ashanti cites Whitney Houston , Janet Jackson , Prince , Madonna , Tupac Shakur , Mary J. Blige , Ella Fitzgerald , Smokey Robinson , Donna Summer , and Blue Magic as her musical influences . Since 2013 , she is currently working on her own publishing company titled Written Entertainment .

neg: Los Premios 40 Principales for Best Latin Artist The Premios 40 Principales for Best Latin Artist is an honor presented annually at Los Premios 40 Principales , a ceremony that recognizes excellence in music , organised by Spain 's top music radio Los 40 Principales . The award was first seen in 2007 , separated from the Best International Artist category .   Shakira is the most awarded artist in this category , being a four-time winner . Juanes follows her with two awards . In 2013 , Ricky Martin became the first non-Colombian artist to notch the award .

neg: No Creo `` No Creo '' is a song written and performed by the Colombian singer-songwriter Shakira . The song was released as the fourth single from her multi-platinum album Dónde Están los Ladrones ? ( 1998 ) and later from her acoustic performance of the song on the MTV show Unplugged ( 2000 ) . In the song , the singer expresses how she believes in nothing and nobody except her lover . The song references popular socially accepted or non-accepted norms such as herself , luck , Karl Marx , Jean-Paul Sartre , Mars and Venus , and Brian Weiss .

neg: Professional performances Professional performances , as opposed to amateur performances , are those in which performers receive payment for their performances . Professional performances are engaged in creative and intellectually challenging work . A professional actor is someone who derives income by participating in professional performances . A professional theatre company auditions actors to perform in their professional theatre . The company sells tickets ; actors receive payment for their performances . This is the same for musicians , dancers , comedians . Also see : professional sports .   A professional performer is a person in a profession that requires certain types of skilled work requiring formal training or education . In western nations , such as the United States , the term commonly describes highly educated , salaried workers , who enjoy considerable work autonomy , economic security , a comfortable salary , and are commonly engaged in creative and intellectually challenging work . A professional athlete is someone who derives income by participating in competitive sports . Sometimes also called `` commercial grade '' .

neg: I Am... World Tour I Am ... World Tour ( sometimes referred to as the I Am ... Tour ) was the fourth concert tour by American recording artist Beyoncé . It was launched in support of her third studio album , I Am ... Sasha Fierce ( 2008 ) . The tour was announced in October 2008 and the first dates were revealed in December 2008 . It kicked off in late-March 2009 with five rehearsal shows in North America , officially commencing in late April 2009 . The tour visited the Americas , Europe , Asia , Africa , and Australia with 108 shows in total . Preparations for the shows began eight months prior to the beginning of the tour with twelve-hour rehearsals for two months . Knowles described the shows as her best and most theatrical from all of her tours . Pre-concert food drives were held during several stops of the I Am ... World Tour as part of a campaign by General Mills ' Hamburger Helper entitled , `` Show Your Helping Hand '' where fans were asked to bring food during the concerts .   The set list for the concerts included songs from Knowles ' three studio albums as well as several covers of other artists and a Destiny 's Child medley . The central theme of the tour was to showcase the difference between Knowles ' dual personality ; her emotional side and her onstage persona , Sasha Fierce which was also demonstrated in the dual album I Am ... Sasha Fierce . The show featured two stages -- the main one and a smaller B-stage where Knowles was transferred during the middle of the show . She was backed by an all-female band , female background dancers and a big LED screen . Thierry Mugler collaborated with Knowles on the costumes and had a creative advisor role further working on the choreography , lighting and production . Chris March made the costumes usable for stage and helped in their making . For the ballads , Knowles wore longer dresses while for the performances of the up-tempo songs , more make-up and more revealing outfits were worn . The fashion and Knowles ' look and figure received praise from critics .   I Am ... World Tour received critical acclaim from music critics who praised Knowles ' performance abilities calling her the best female performer and chose the performances of `` Ave Maria '' , `` Listen '' and `` At Last '' as highlights during the shows . A concert in Malaysia was cancelled by Knowles after several Muslim groups tried to ban it although she agreed to tone down her look according to the country 's standards . The tour was commercially successful grossing $ 86.0 million from 93 shows in total . Separate performances of several songs were broadcast on different channels and two concerts were released as live albums ; the live performance at the I Am ... Yours revue was released in a CD/DVD format in 2009 and footage of the tour was released on an eponymous titled live album in 2010 .


query: Michael Schumacher is a professional writer

pos: Michael Schumacher Michael Schumacher ( -LSB- ˈmɪçaʔɛl ˈʃuːmaxɐ -RSB- ; born 3 January 1969 ) is a German retired racing driver . He is a seven-time Formula One World Champion and is widely regarded as one of the greatest Formula One drivers of all time . He was named Laureus World Sportsman of the Year twice . He won two titles with Benetton in and before moving to Ferrari where he drove for eleven years . His time with Ferrari yielded five consecutive titles between and .   Schumacher holds many of Formula One 's driver records , including most championships , race victories , fastest laps , pole positions and races won in a single season -- 13 in 2004 ( the last record was equalled by fellow German Sebastian Vettel nine years later ) . In 2002 , he became the only driver in Formula One history to finish in the top three in every race of a season and then also broke the record for most consecutive podium finishes . According to the official Formula One website , he is `` statistically the greatest driver the sport has ever seen '' .   After beginning in karting , Schumacher won the German drivers ' championships in Formula König and Formula Three before joining Mercedes in the World Sportscar Championship . In 1991 , his Mercedes-funded race debut for the Jordan Formula One team resulted in Schumacher being signed by Benetton Formula One team as their driver for the rest of that season . Establishing himself as a top driver , finishing third in 1992 and fourth in 1993 , Schumacher became the first German World Drivers ' Champion in 1994 by one point over Damon Hill . In 1995 he repeated the success , this time with a greater margin . Schumacher moved to Ferrari in 1996 . Schumacher came close to winning the 1997 and 1998 titles , before breaking his leg at the 1999 British Grand Prix , ending another title run . Schumacher won five consecutive drivers ' titles from 2000 to 2004 . Schumacher retired from Formula One driving in 2006 staying with Ferrari as an advisor . He came close to an eighth title that year , but due to technical problems in the final two races he fell short to Fernando Alonso . Schumacher agreed to return for Ferrari part-way through 2009 , as cover for the badly injured Felipe Massa , but was prevented by a neck injury . Schumacher returned to Formula One on a permanent basis from 2010 with the Mercedes team before retiring for a second time at the conclusion of the 2012 season .   His career was not without controversy , including being twice involved in collisions in the final race of a season that determined the outcome of the World Championship , with Damon Hill in 1994 in Adelaide , and with Jacques Villeneuve in 1997 in Jerez . Off the track , Schumacher is an ambassador for UNESCO and a spokesman for driver safety . He has been involved in numerous humanitarian efforts throughout his life and donated tens of millions of dollars to charity . Schumacher and his younger brother , Ralf , are the only brothers to win races in Formula One , and they were the first brothers to finish 1st and 2nd in the same race , a feat they repeated in four subsequent races .   In December 2013 , Schumacher suffered a serious head injury in a skiing accident . He was airlifted to a hospital and placed in a medically induced coma , having suffered a traumatic brain injury . He was in the coma for six months from 29 December 2013 until 16 June 2014 . He left the hospital in Grenoble for further rehabilitation at the University Hospital ( CHUV ) in Lausanne . On 9 September 2014 , Schumacher was relocated to his home where he continues to receive medical treatment and rehabilitation privately .

neg: Alpinestars Alpinestars is a manufacturer of technical , high performance protective gear for motorcycle and auto racing ( MotoGP , Motocross , Formula One , WEC and NASCAR ) , as well as action sports such as mountain Biking and surfing . Alpinestars also makes motorsports-themed , non-sports clothing , with fashion design centers in California and Italy .   The company 's name comes from the English translation of the Italian mountain flower Stella Alpina which grows high in the mountains around the area where the company was founded .   Founded in 1963 by Sante Mazzarolo in Asolo , Italy , the company started out making hiking and ski boots , but quickly shifted its focus to making boots for motocross racing , and road racing boots shortly thereafter . They sponsored motorsport world champions such as Roger DeCoster , Kenny Roberts , Mick Doohan and Marc Márquez . During the 1990s the company branched out into manufacturing all types of technical protective gear for motorcycling such as gloves , jackets , and full leather suits .   The company has been headed by Sante 's son , Gabriele Mazzarolo , since 1993 . There are offices in Los Angeles and Tokyo while the original headquarters and main research & development facility remain in Northern Italy .   Alpinestars leather suits and protective gear are worn MotoGP World Champions Marc Márquez , Casey Stoner and Jorge Lorenzo , and World Superbike Champions Ben Spies and Troy Corser . Alpinestars ' motocross gear is used by AMA and World Motocross champions Marvin Musquin , Tyla Rattray , David Philippaerts , Christophe Pourcel , and Ryan Villopoto .   In 2011 Alpinestars developed the Tech Air Race System , an electronic airbag safety system that uses a data logging unit and dual charge inflation module . It was used in the MotoGP and World Superbike championships and was intended to eventually be worn by street riders . In June 2013 Marc Márquez crashed at a speed of around 337 km/h ( 209 mph ) while wearing the airbag suit and did not sustain serious injuries .   Alpinestars developed flame and heat retardant Nomex suits , footwear , gloves , and underwear for Formula One and NASCAR , which has been worn by recent champions Michael Schumacher , Jenson Button , Fernando Alonso and Jimmie Johnson . Top Gear 's the Stig wears a white Alpinestars race suit , shoes and gloves .   Alpinestars made mountain bikes until 1996 .

neg: Alex Kurtzman Alex Kurtzman ( born September 7 , 1973 ) is an American film and television writer , producer and director .

neg: 1 (2013 film) 1 or 1 : Life On The Limit is a 2013 documentary film directed by Paul Crowder and narrated by Michael Fassbender . The film traces the history of Formula One auto racing from its early years , in which some seasons had multiple fatalities , to the 1994 death of Ayrton Senna , the sport 's most recent death at the time of production . Extensive and often rare archival footage is used throughout .

neg: Michael Pärt Michael Pärt , sometimes spelled `` Michael Paert '' , ( born 17 August 1977 in Tallinn , Estonia ; -LSB- ˈpær̺t -RSB- ) , holds a master 's degree in `` Composing for Film and TV '' from Kingston University in London and is a Music Producer/Music Editor . He is the son of classical composer Arvo Pärt and co-founder and chairman of the board of the Arvo Pärt Centre .

neg: Michael Seifert (producer) Michael Seifert is a multi-platinum award winning music producer , writer , arranger and recording engineer based in Cleveland , Ohio .   Michael 's credits include work for Nicholas Megalis , Island/Def Jam recording artist Gentlemen Hall , Tori Amos , Regina Spektor , Fountains of Wayne , Lifehouse ( band ) , Colbie Caillat , Gerald Levert , Bone Thugs-n-Harmony , Too Short , 8 Ball & MJG , UGK , Chuck Mosley ( Faith No More ) , Guided by Voices , J. Mascis ( Dinosaur Jr. ) , blues legend Robert Lockwood , Jr. , Kate Voegele , Mr. Gnome , Grammy award winners Snarky Puppy , and many more .   Michael has scored independent films and major motion pictures including composing , arranging , recording , and production work on Bram Stoker 's Dracula ( Special Edition ) , The Outsiders : The Complete Novel , the Apocalypse Now Documentary `` Heart of Darkness '' , and most recently The Godfather trilogy FFC restoration special edition for legendary film producer/director Francis Ford Coppola . He has also composed , recorded , and produced music for Fox TV , CBS , MTV , American Greetings , Sports Illustrated , Reebok , and many others .   A self-taught multi instrumentalist , Michael often performs on both sides of the glass when working on a project .

neg: 1994 Formula One season The 1994 Formula One season was the 48th season of FIA Formula One motor racing . It featured the 1994 FIA Formula One World Championship which commenced on 27 March 1994 , and ended on 13 November after sixteen races . The season is remembered as one of the most tragic and controversial seasons in the sport 's history . 1994 was one of the closest championships in history as Michael Schumacher won the Drivers ' title by a single point from Damon Hill after the two controversially collided at the final round in Adelaide . Schumacher had built up a huge championship lead , winning six of the first seven races , before two disqualifications and a race ban allowed Hill to close the gap . British constructor Williams-Renault won the Constructors ' Championship . However , the 1994 season will also be remembered for the deaths of three-time World Champion Ayrton Senna and Austrian rookie Roland Ratzenberger at the San Marino Grand Prix . Forty-six drivers competed in the 1994 World Championship , including fourteen who made their F1 debut and numerous pay drivers . Mercedes-Benz also returned to the sport for the first time since 1955 as an engine supplier to Swiss team , Sauber . The season also saw the first win for Ferrari since 1990 -- whilst McLaren failed to win a single race following the departure of Senna , before embarking on a long-term partnership with Mercedes .

neg: Walt Stannard Walt Stannard was the first pitlane commentator for live ESPN telecasts of Formula 1 races , in 1987 . He began his career in professional auto racing in 1976 as the Public Relations Director of Laguna Seca Raceway in Monterey , California . and retired from racing in 1998 . During the intervening years , he was the executive director of the West Zakspeed Formula 1 Team ; he managed the Z1 Corvette team entry in the 1995 24 Hours of Le Mans endurance race for Doug Rippie Motorsports ; he managed , as an executive of Campbell & Co. , Ford Motorsport PR activities for NHRA , IMSA and NASCAR teams as well as for drivers such Dale Earnhardt , Bill Elliott , Tom Gloy , Klaus Ludwig and Bobby Rahal ; and he worked as a journalist writing for magazines and newspapers including Competition Press & Autoweek , On Track , Race Car Engineering and The Wheel . He got his start in racing at Sports Car Club of America amateur events and won an SCCA championship driving a Morris Mini Cooper S in 1969 and was a championship runner-up with a Porsche 911 in 1975 . He graduated from the University of California at Berkeley with a degree in History . He has lived in England and Germany , where he was involved in the start-up of NFL Europe , as well as in California and Michigan .

neg: Joel Schumacher Joel T. Schumacher ( born August 29 , 1939 ) is an American film director , screenwriter , and producer .   Schumacher rose to fame after directing hit films of his decade St. Elmo 's Fire ( 1985 ) , The Lost Boys ( 1987 ) and Flatliners ( 1990 ) . He later went on to direct John Grisham adaptations The Client ( 1994 ) and A Time to Kill ( 1996 ) . His films Falling Down ( 1993 ) and 8mm ( 1999 ) were competed for Palme d'Or and Golden Bear respectively .   In 1993 , he signed on to direct the next installments of Batman film series . Schumacher-directed Batman films Batman Forever ( 1995 ) and particularly Batman & Robin ( 1997 ) received negative reactions from both public and critics . After Batman films , Schumacher pulled back from blockbusters and returned to making minimalist films such as Tigerland ( 2000 ) and Phone Booth ( 2002 ) , both earning positive reviews . He also directed The Phantom of the Opera ( 2004 ) , The Number 23 ( 2007 ) and several episodes of House of Cards .   Known for casting young actors , Schumacher helped actors like Colin Farrell , Kiefer Sutherland , and Matthew McConaughey to launch careers .

neg: Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film .   The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .

neg: Anthony R. Michaelis Anthony R. Michaelis ( 22 August 1916 in Berlin -- 18 October 2007 in Heidelberg ) was a science journalist and publisher .   He was born Kurt Otto Adolf Michaelis , a doctor 's son , in Berlin on August 22 , 1916 and educated at the Falk Real Gymnasium . Although baptised a Lutheran , he had three Jewish grandparents , which meant that after Hitler came to power in 1933 he would not be allowed to study science - so his father sent him to London .   Michaelis studied aeronautical engineering at the Imperial College of the University of London before switching to Chemistry . He went on to obtain a doctorate on `` The Dehydrogenation of Alicyclic Compounds and Terpenic Ketones in the Liquid Phase '' , while lecturing at Sheffield University under Sir Patrick Linstead . He was interned as an ` enemy alien ' in England in May 1940 and then Canada , where he formed lasting friendships with Klaus Fuchs , Max Perutz , Hermann Bondi and Tommy Gold . After he returned to Britain in December 1940 , he joined the Auxiliary Fire Service whilst working as a chemist in a paint factory . After graduation , he became chief chemist at Milton Antiseptic .   After World War II Michaelis worked for the British Intelligence Objectives Committee , which investigated enemy scientific developments , and in 1946 he married Ann Aikman , with whom he was to have three children . His distinguished career as a science journalist and editor spanned several activities including the `` BIOS project '' , technical writing at `` CIBA '' and `` International Telecommunication Union '' in Switzerland . Later he became a scientific film author in Australia , editor of the British magazine Discovery , science correspondent for The Daily Telegraph where he wrote daily reports on science and technology from 1969 to 1973 . He was also the founding editor and publisher of Interdisciplinary Science Reviews .   Michaelis became known as an expert on the subject of scientific cinematography . From 1950 to 1954 he worked at the University of Sydney and during this time wrote much of the textbook Research Films ( 1956 , US ) . The National Library of Australia holds material related to the publication of this book .

neg: Werner Herzog Werner Herzog ( -LSB- ˈvɛɐ̯nɐ ˈhɛɐ̯tsoːk -RSB- ; born 5 September 1942 ) is a German screenwriter , film director , author , actor , and opera director .   Herzog is considered one of the greatest figures of the New German Cinema , along with Rainer Werner Fassbinder , Margarethe von Trotta , Volker Schlöndorff , Werner Schröter , and Wim Wenders . Herzog 's films often feature heroes with impossible dreams , people with unique talents in obscure fields , or individuals who are in conflict with nature .   French filmmaker François Truffaut once called Herzog `` the most important film director alive . '' American film critic Roger Ebert said that Herzog `` has never created a single film that is compromised , shameful , made for pragmatic reasons , or uninteresting . Even his failures are spectacular . ''  He was named one of the 100 most influential people on the planet by Time magazine in 2009 .

neg: Schumacher BTCC The Schumacher BTCC is a race series for radio-controlled cars . It is organised by Schumacher Racing Products in the UK and run to BRCA rules . The series takes place on eight different tracks all over the UK , however it is not to be confused with the BRCA National Championship series .   The championship was first started by Schumacher in 1995 solely as a modified touring car support class to the BRCA Pro-10 circuit championship , but within a couple of years , the entries for the touring cars surpassed the Pro-10 's , and Schumacher organised a separate meeting to cater for everyone .   It generally features three classes : Stock 27t , Superstock 19t and Modified & Brushless for any make of touring car . 2006 also featured a class for its GTRe on road racer , a three speed electric circuit car . This class took over from Schumacher 's previous Big 6 Lotus class , but was dropped early in 2007 due to lack of entrants .   Each BTCC round features three qualifying heats and two finals , with the best 10 final results counting to each drivers score . The qualifying tames place under usual FTD ( fastest time of the day ) rules , with A-Z Finals . The top three in each final get a trophy . These are supplied by the host club , but Schumacher funds end-of-season trophies to the top three overall drivers in each class , and a special Cecil Schumacher Trophy , to the top Modified driver , in recognition of the origin of the championship . Uniquely , Schumacher provides a range of prizes for an end-of-meeting raffle , in which any entrant has an equal chance of winning . The series uses control tyers , which are the Sorex 28R , 32R or 36R , each pre-glued with a Sorex insert and Rev-Lite wheel . For the first time in 2006 tyre warmers were allowed .

neg: Science book A science book is a work of nonfiction , usually written by a scientist , researcher , or professor like Stephen Hawking ( A Brief History of Time ) , or sometimes by a non-scientist such as Bill Bryson ( A Short History of Nearly Everything ) . Usually these books are written for a wide audience presumed to have a general education rather than a specifically scientific training , as opposed to the very narrow audience that a scientific paper would have , and are therefore referred to as popular science . As such , they require considerable talent on the part of the author to sufficiently explain difficult topics to  people who are totally new to the subject , and a good blend of storytelling and technical writing . In the UK , the Royal Society Prizes for Science Books are considered to be the most prestigious awards for science writing . In the US , the National Book Awards briefly had a category for science writing in the 1960s , but now they just have the broad categories of fiction and nonfiction .   There are many disciplines that are well explained to lay people through science books . A few examples include Carl Sagan on astronomy , Jared Diamond on geography , Stephen Jay Gould and Richard Dawkins on evolutionary biology , David Eagleman on neuroscience , Donald Norman on usability and cognitive psychology , Steven Pinker , Noam Chomsky , and Robert Ornstein on linguistics and cognitive science , Donald Johanson and Robert Ardrey on paleoanthropology , and Desmond Morris on zoology and anthropology , and Fulvio Melia on black holes .

neg: Brian Lynch (writer) Brian Michael Lynch ( born June 21 , 1973 ) is an American film and comic book writer . Lynch was the initial writer and co-creator with Joss Whedon of Angel : After the Fall for IDW Publishing , and is best known for writing the screenplays for the films Puss in Boots and Minions . He has also written an unproduced film adaptation of The Sims .

neg: Marty Isenberg Marty Isenberg ( born 30 July 1963 ) is an American animation writer . He is best known for his role as co-story editor on Beast Machines and Transformers : Animated , and for his work on the 2003 Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles series . He also wrote or co-wrote scripts for Ben 10 , Danny Phantom , Gargoyles , Batman : The Animated Series , Action Man , Beetlejuice , The Mask , G.I. Joe : Renegades , X-Men : The Animated Series and Spider-Man : The Animated Series .

neg: Eisner Award The Will Eisner Comic Industry Awards , commonly shortened to the Eisner Awards , are prizes given for creative achievement in American comic books , sometimes referred to as the Comics Industry 's equivalent of the Oscar Awards . They are named in honor of the pioneering writer and artist Will Eisner , who was a regular participant in the award ceremony until his death in 2005 . The Eisner Awards include the Comic Industry 's Hall of Fame .   The nominations in each category are generated by a five-member panel , then voted on by comic book professionals and presented at the annual San Diego Comic-Con International convention held in July , usually on a Friday .

neg: Michael Brooks (science writer) Michael Edward Brooks ( born 7 May 1970 ) is an English science writer , noted for explaining complex scientific research and findings to the general population .

neg: Steven Spielberg's Director's Chair Steven Spielberg 's Director 's Chair is a simulation game created and published by Knowledge Adventure for Windows and Macintosh . It was released in 1996 in the United States of America .   In the game , the player is guided by film director Steven Spielberg ( appearing as himself ) through the comprehensive process of moviemaking , including scriptwriting , filming , and editing , using pre-generated film clips featuring Jennifer Aniston , Quentin Tarantino , Katherine Helmond , and Penn & Teller , among others . The game features advice from Hollywood professionals such as editor Michael Kahn , special effects supervisor Michael Lantieri , and cinematographer Dean Cundey . The game was produced by Roger Holzberg , who directed Spielberg in scenes in which Spielberg himself appeared .

neg: Michael Harvey (author) Michael Harvey is an American author , journalist , and award-winning documentary filmmaker .

neg: Michael Schultz Michael Schultz ( born November 10 , 1938 ) is an American director and producer of film and television .


query: Bridget Moynahan was cut from Lord of War.

pos: Bridget Moynahan Bridget Moynahan ( born Kathryn Bridget Moynahan ; April 28 , 1971 ) is an American actress and model . She graduated from Longmeadow High School , in Massachusetts , in 1989 , and began pursuing a career in modeling . She appeared in department-store catalogs and magazines , and after doing television commercials , she began taking acting lessons . Moynahan made her television debut in a guest appearance in the comedy series Sex and the City in 1999 , where she later had a recurring role as Natasha .   She made her feature film debut in Coyote Ugly ( 2000 ) . She was cast in a supporting role in Serendipity ( 2001 ) . Moynahan was also featured in the action film The Sum of All Fears ( 2002 ) , spy thriller The Recruit ( 2003 ) , the science-fiction movie I , Robot ( 2004 ) , and the political thriller Lord of War ( 2005 ) .   She starred in the ABC television series Six Degrees , which premiered in September 2006 , but was cancelled after one season . Moynahan completed work in Elizabeth Allen 's Ramona and Beezus , which was released in July 2010 , and has starred in the CBS drama Blue Bloods since September 2010 .

neg: Sansa Stark Sansa Stark is a fictional character created by American author George R. R. Martin . She is a prominent character in Martin 's award-winning A Song of Ice and Fire series .   Introduced in 1996 's A Game of Thrones , Sansa is the eldest daughter and second child of Lord Eddard Stark and his wife Lady Catelyn Stark . She subsequently appeared in the following three novels , A Clash of Kings ( 1998 ) , A Storm of Swords ( 2000 ) and A Feast for Crows ( 2005 ) . While absent from the fifth novel A Dance with Dragons as the books are separated geographically , Sansa is confirmed to return in the forthcoming next book in the series , The Winds of Winter .   In HBO 's adaptation of the series , Game of Thrones , Sansa Stark is played by Sophie Turner . The character has received critical acclaim , being praised as the 4th greatest character in the series by Rolling Stone . She and the rest of the cast were nominated for Screen Actors Guild Awards for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series in 2012 , 2014 , 2015 and 2016 .

neg: Ava Lord Ava Lord is a fictional character in Frank Miller 's Sin City universe , the title character in the graphic novel A Dame to Kill For . An ex-lover of Dwight McCarthy , she manipulates men with her good looks and an innocent facade for her own personal gain or amusement . An expert liar , she is considered a goddess by Manute , her towering manservant , and a `` manipulative bitch '' by Dwight . She represents the classic femme fatale , acting as a foil to Dwight 's hard-boiled antihero .

neg: Irish Confederate Wars The Irish Confederate Wars , also called the Eleven Years ' War ( derived from the Irish language name Cogadh na hAon Bhliana Déag ) , took place in Ireland between 1641 and 1653 . It was the Irish theatre of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms -- a series of civil wars in the kingdoms of Ireland , England and Scotland ( all ruled by Charles I ) . The conflict in Ireland essentially started by pitting the native Irish Catholics against English and Scottish Protestant colonists and their supporters , and ended with Royalists , Irish Catholics and Scottish Presbyterians fighting the ultimate winners , the English Parliament . It was both a religious and an ethnic conflict -- fought over who would govern Ireland , whether it would be governed from England , which ethnic and religious group would own most of the land , and which religion would predominate in the country . It was the most destructive conflict in Irish history .

neg: To War with Whitaker To War with Whitaker : The Wartime Diaries of the Countess of Ranfurly 1939 -- 1945 is a memoir of World War II written , in diary form , by Hermione , Countess of Ranfurly . It was first published by William Heinemann in 1994 . The following year , Mandarin Publishing issued it in paperback , describing the memoir as `` A love story that knows no bounds '' :   When World War II broke out , Dan Ranfurly was dispatched to the Middle East with his faithful valet , Whitaker . These are the diaries of his young wife , Hermione , who , defying the War Office , raced off in hot pursuit of her husband . When Dan was taken prisoner , Hermione vowed never to return home until they were reunited . For six years , travelling alone from Cape Town to Palestine , and meeting such charismatic characters as Churchill , Eisenhower , and a parrot called Coco on the way , she kept her promise .   To War with Whitaker received immediate and general critical acclaim . The actor-novelist Sir Dirk Bogarde wrote in the Daily Telegraph : `` If you buy one more book this year , do make it To War with Whitaker . '' The author Robert Rhodes James wrote in the Sunday Express : `` An extraordinary story . No review can do justice to the writing . '' The Daily Mail commented : `` These absolutely spiffing diaries offer a madcap , aristocratic window behind the lines of war '' and the reviewer for Woman & Home wrote : `` Few diaries from any era could be as fascinating ... This is truly compulsive reading . '' Its lively prose style is characterised by frankness , a sharp eye for character -- not least that of the short , chubby , phlegmatic valet Whitaker -- and a sharp ear for dialogue . For example , when the Earl received a telegram at the outbreak of war in 1939 ordering him to report to his regiment , the Countess writes : `` After reading this Dan asked Whitaker if he would like to go with him . The old fatty looked over the top of his spectacles and said , ` To the War , my Lord ? Very good , my Lord . ' ''   The Countess 's husband Daniel Knox , 6th Earl of Ranfurly , was a lieutenant in the Sherwood Rangers Yeomanry . He was captured by soldiers of Rommel 's Afrika Korps , along with General Sir Richard O'Connor and other officers , in Libya in April 1941 when their driver became lost in the dark . A military historian later described it as `` the most valuable car-load of booty to fall to the Afrika Korps during its entire existence '' . He spent the next two years as a prisoner-of-war in Italy .   Daniel and other British officers escaped following the Italian surrender in 1943 and , after several months on the run behind German lines , he was finally reunited with his wife in Algiers in May 1944 . After the war , he served as Governor of the Bahamas where his wife established a lending library service in Nassau that she later extended to other parts of the world in need of English books .   When the Countess died in 2001 , her obituarist for the Daily Telegraph wrote : `` Hermione , Countess of Ranfurly , who has died aged 87 , was the author of one of the most delightful memoirs of recent times , To War with Whitaker ( 1994 ) , and the kind of woman for whom words such as pluck and spirit might have been invented . ''

neg: Kerry Film Festival The Kerry Film Festival is an annual music film festival in County Kerry , Republic of Ireland , taking place in October .   The Kerry Film Festival is funded by Kerry County Council , Fáilte Ireland , the Ireland Funds as well as having corporate sponsorship .   Kerry Film Festival was established in 2000 but remained a small regional festival throughout its first years , with a mere 1,700 attendees at the 2006 festival . Then , in 2007 , the festival exploded becoming the fastest growing festival in all of Ireland , with audiences increasing by nearly 600 % from 2006 to 2011 when its audience topped 10,000 for the first time .   The main feature of the festival is a short film competition which focuses on young filmmakers . Past adjudicators of the Kerry Film Festival Short Film Competition have included Jeremy Irons , Liam Neeson , Michael Fassbender and Gabriel Byrne . The festival also screens feature films .   In 2008 Kerry Film Festival instigated the Maureen O'Hara Award for women that have excelled in film and Brenda Fricker was the inaugural recipient . The award was presented to her by Jim Sheridan , who directed her in the Oscar-winning My Left Foot ( 1989 ) . In 2009 the award was presented to Rebecca Miller who was in Kerry to pick up the award with her husband , Daniel Day-Lewis at a ceremony with Dave Fanning as MC .   In 2010 Maureen O'Hara attended the festival and presented the award in person to Juliette Binoche Fionnula Flanagan picked up the award in 2011 while Saoirse Ronan won the award in 2012 .   KFF has previously featured successful short films such as the Oscar short-listed animation Head over Heels in 2012 , the 2014 Oscar winner Mr. Hublot and in 2015 the highly acclaimed Academy Award winner S t u t t e r e r by Ben Cleary .

neg: Robin of Sherwood: The Knights Of The Apocalypse Robin of Sherwood : The Knights Of The Apocalypse is a two-hour audio adaptation of the final two episodes of British television series Robin of Sherwood , based on the legend of Robin Hood . Written by Richard ` Kip ' Carpenter , it was produced by British production company Spiteful Puppet and directed by Robert Young , who had also directed episodes of the original series .   The audio play is the continuation of the classic cult series Robin of Sherwood . The series came to an unexpected halt in 1986 due to financial problems . Instead of the planned fourth season , its creator and writer , Richard Carpenter , wrote a feature-length script that followed on from the end of the third season , called The Knights of the Apocalypse . Richard Carpenter died in 2012 , before having been able to bring the script back to the screen . The original cast of the series -- including Jason Connery , Ray Winstone , Clive Mantle , Judi Trott , Nickolas Grace , Mark Ryan , Michael Praed and Phil Rose -- went on to record the audio adaptation of The Knights of the Apocalypse in early 2016 . The audio drama premiered in London in May 2016 . All profits raised are donated to Mr. Carpenter 's chosen charities -- the Sherwood Forest Trust and the British Red Cross .

neg: Game of Thrones (season 6) The sixth season of the fantasy drama television series Game of Thrones premiered on HBO on April 24 , 2016 , and concluded on June 26 , 2016 . It consists of ten episodes , each of approximately 50 -- 60 minutes , largely of original content not found in George R. R. Martin 's A Song of Ice and Fire series . Some material is adapted from the upcoming sixth novel The Winds of Winter and the fourth and fifth novels , A Feast for Crows and A Dance with Dragons . The series was adapted for television by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss . HBO ordered the season on April 8 , 2014 , together with the fifth season , which began filming in July 2015 primarily in Northern Ireland , Spain , Croatia , Iceland and Canada . Each episode cost over $ 10 million .   The season follows the continuing struggle between the Starks and other noble families of Westeros for the Iron Throne . The Starks defeat the Bolton forces in battle , and Jon Snow is proclaimed the King in the North . Tyrion attempts to rule Meereen while Daenerys is held captive by a Dothraki tribe . At King 's Landing , the Tyrell army attempts to liberate Margaery and Loras , but Margaery capitulates to the High Sparrow , who becomes more powerful by influencing King Tommen . At her trial , Cersei burns the Great Sept , killing her rivals , while Tommen kills himself . Unopposed , Cersei is crowned Queen of Westeros . Ellaria Sand and three of Oberyn Martell 's daughters kill Doran and Trystane Martell and seize control of Dorne , and Olenna discusses an alliance with Ellaria . In Essos , Daenerys Targaryen is captured by Khal Moro who takes her before the khals ; she burns them alive and takes command of the Dothraki .   Game of Thrones features a large ensemble cast , including Peter Dinklage , Nikolaj Coster-Waldau , Lena Headey , Emilia Clarke and Kit Harington . The season introduced new cast members , including Max von Sydow , Pilou Asbæk and James Faulkner .   Critics praised its production values , writing , plot development , and cast . Game of Thrones received most nominations for the 68th Primetime Emmy Awards , with 23 nominations , and won twelve , including that for Outstanding Drama Series for the second year in a row . U.S. viewership rose compared to the previous season , and by approximately 13 % over its course , from 7.9 million to 8.9 million by the finale .

neg: Behaving Badly (TV serial) Behaving Badly is a 1989 British television serial directed by David Tucker . The teleplay by Catherine Heath and Moira Williams is based on Heath 's novel of the same name . It was initially broadcast by Channel 4 . The series was released on DVD in 2005 .   The plot focuses on Bridget Mayor , a middle-aged housewife and part-time teacher who is forced to re-evaluate her life when her husband of twenty years abandons her for a younger woman .

neg: Vivien Leigh Vivien Leigh ( born Vivian Mary Hartley , and also known as Lady Olivier after 1947 ; 5 November 19138 July 1967 ) was a British stage and film actress . She won two Academy Awards for Best Actress for her performances as Scarlett O'Hara in Gone with the Wind ( 1939 ) and Blanche DuBois in the film version of A Streetcar Named Desire ( 1951 ) , a role she had also played on stage in London 's West End in 1949 . She also won a Tony Award for her work in the Broadway musical version of Tovarich ( 1963 ) .   After her drama school education , Leigh appeared in small roles in four films in 1935 and progressed to the role of heroine in Fire Over England ( 1937 ) . Lauded for her beauty , Leigh felt that her physical attributes sometimes prevented her from being taken seriously as an actress . Despite her fame as a screen actress , Leigh was primarily a stage performer . During her 30-year career , she played roles ranging from the heroines of Noël Coward and George Bernard Shaw comedies to classic Shakespearean characters such as Ophelia , Cleopatra , Juliet , and Lady Macbeth . Later in life , she performed as a character actress in a few films .   At the time , the public strongly identified Leigh with her second husband Laurence Olivier , who was her spouse from 1940 to 1960 . Leigh and Olivier starred together in many stage productions , with Olivier often directing , and in three films . She earned a reputation for being difficult to work with , and for much of her adult life she suffered from bipolar disorder as well as recurrent bouts of chronic tuberculosis , which was first diagnosed in the mid-1940s and ultimately claimed her life at the age of 53 . Although her career had periods of inactivity , in 1999 the American Film Institute ranked Leigh as the 16th greatest female movie star of classic Hollywood cinema .

neg: Hugh Grant Hugh John Mungo Grant ( born 9 September 1960 ) is an English actor and film producer . Grant has received a Golden Globe , a BAFTA , and an Honorary César for his work . His films have earned more than US$ 2.4 billion from 25 theatrical releases worldwide . Grant first received attention after earning the Volpi Cup for his performance in James Ivory 's Maurice ( 1987 ) but achieved international success after appearing in the Richard Curtis-scripted Four Weddings and a Funeral ( 1994 ) . Grant used this breakthrough role as a frequent cinematic persona during the 1990s , delivering comic performances in films such as Mickey Blue Eyes ( 1999 ) and Notting Hill ( 1999 ) . One of the best known figures in 1990s British popular culture , Grant was in a high-profile relationship with Elizabeth Hurley , which was the focus of much attention in the British and international media .   By the turn of the 21st century , Grant had established himself as a leading man , skilled with a satirical comic talent . Grant has expanded his oeuvre with critically acclaimed turns as a cad in Bridget Jones 's Diary ( 2001 ) , About a Boy ( 2002 ) , and American Dreamz ( 2006 ) . Grant later played against type with multiple cameo roles in the epic sci-fi drama film , Cloud Atlas ( 2012 ) . He 's also known for appearing in period pieces such as The Remains of the Day ( 1993 ) , Sense and Sensibility ( 1995 ) and Florence Foster Jenkins ( 2016 ) .   Within the film industry , Grant is cited as an anti-star who approaches his roles like a character actor , and attempts to make his acting appear spontaneous . Hallmarks of his comic skills include a nonchalant touch of irony/sarcasm and studied physical mannerisms , as well as his precisely-timed dialogue delivery and facial expressions . The entertainment media 's coverage of Grant 's life off the big screen has often overshadowed his work as an actor . Grant has been outspoken about his antipathy towards the profession of acting , and in his disdain towards the culture of celebrity and hostility towards the media . In a career spanning 30 years , Grant has repeatedly claimed that acting was not his true calling , but rather a career that unintentionally developed by happenstance .

neg: War of Attrition (album) War of Attrition is the fifth album by Dying Fetus . According to the album booklet , the album 's lyrics were written solely by guitarist Mike Kimball . This album was praised by original fans due to its return to traditional Dying Fetus form . It was also their first self-produced album in nine years .   Former co-vocalist Vince Matthews and former drummer Eric Seyanga departed in 2005 to form the band Covenance . Gallagher once again found a new member , drummer Duane Timlin . With this line-up , Gallagher promised to record what he called `` our most brutal album yet '' .   It is perhaps Dying Fetus ' most politically influenced album , containing lyrics that tackled the `` war on terror '' , `` reality '' TV , and the flaws in the American justice system .

neg: Varian's War Varian 's War ( aka Varian 's War : The Forgotten Hero ) is a 2001 joint Canadian/American/United Kingdom film made-for-television drama . The film was written and directed by Lionel Chetwynd , based on the life and wartime exploits of Varian Fry who saved more than 2,000 Jewish artists from occupied France . Varian 's War stars William Hurt , heading an all-star ensemble cast of Julia Ormond , Matt Craven , Maury Chaykin , Alan Arkin and Lynn Redgrave .

neg: Bridget Jones Bridget Jones is a franchise based on a fictional character of the same name . British writer Helen Fielding started her Bridget Jones 's Diary column in The Independent in 1995 , while chronicling the life of Jones as a thirtysomething single woman in London as she tries to make sense of life and love with the help of a surrogate `` urban family '' of friends in the 1990s . The column lampooned the obsession of women with women 's magazines such as Cosmopolitan and wider social trends in Britain at the time . Fielding published the novelisation of the column in 1996 , followed by a sequel in 1999 called Bridget Jones : The Edge of Reason .   Both novels were adapted for the big screen in 2001 and 2004 , starring Renée Zellweger as Bridget Jones , and Hugh Grant and Colin Firth as the men in her life : Daniel Cleaver and Mark Darcy , respectively . After Fielding had ceased to work for The Daily Telegraph in late 1998 , the feature began again in The Independent on 4 August 2005 and finished in June 2006 . Helen Fielding released a third novel in 2013 , Bridget Jones : Mad About the Boy , which is set 14 years after the events of the second novel .   The fictional character `` Bridget Jones '' was named on the 2016 Woman 's Hour Power List as one of seven women judged to have had the biggest impact on women 's lives over the past 70 years , alongside Margaret Thatcher , Barbara Castle , Helen Brook , Germaine Greer , Jayaben Desai and Beyoncé .

neg: Oh, Lady! Lady!! Oh , Lady ! Lady !! is a musical with music by Jerome Kern , a book by Guy Bolton and P. G. Wodehouse and lyrics by Wodehouse . It was written for the Princess Theatre on Broadway , where it played in 1918 and ran for 219 performances . The story concerns an engaged young man , Bill , whose ex-fiancée arrives unexpectedly on his wedding day . Bill works to convince his old flame that he was not worthy to marry her , but his clumsy efforts do not make him look good to his new fiancée , whose mother already dislikes Bill . A couple of crooks cause further complications .   The original cast starred Vivienne Segal as Mollie Farringdon . The songs include `` Not Yet '' , `` When Ships Come Home '' , `` Greenwich Village '' , the innovative `` Moon Song '' and `` Our Little Nest '' . The song `` Bill '' , later famous in Show Boat , was cut before the production opened .

neg: Excalibur (film) Excalibur is a 1981 British epic fantasy war drama film directed , produced , and co-written by John Boorman that retells the legend of King Arthur and the knights of the Round Table , based solely on the 15th century Arthurian romance Le Morte d'Arthur by Thomas Malory . It stars Nigel Terry as Arthur , Nicol Williamson as Merlin , Nicholas Clay as Lancelot , Cherie Lunghi as Guenevere , Helen Mirren as Morgana , Liam Neeson as Gawain , Corin Redgrave as Cornwall , and Patrick Stewart as Leondegrance . The film is named after the legendary sword of King Arthur that features prominently in Arthurian literature . The film 's soundtrack features the music of Richard Wagner and Carl Orff , along with an original score by Trevor Jones .   Excalibur was shot entirely on location in Ireland , employing Irish actors and crew . It has been acknowledged for its importance to the Irish filmmaking industry and for helping launch the film and acting careers of a number of Irish and English actors , including Mirren , Neeson , Stewart , Gabriel Byrne , Neil Jordan , and Ciarán Hinds .   Excalibur achieved moderate box office success while receiving mixed reviews . Film critics Roger Ebert and Vincent Canby criticised the film 's plot and characters , although they and other reviewers praised its visual style . Excalibur opened at number one in the United States , eventually grossing $ 34,967,437 on a budget of around US$ 11 million to rank 18th in that year 's receipts .

neg: Black Hawk Down (film) Black Hawk Down is a 2002 American war film co-produced and directed by Ridley Scott . The screenplay by Ken Nolan is adapted from the non-fiction book of the same name by Mark Bowden , which in turn is based on the 29-part series of articles published in The Philadelphia Inquirer chronicling the events of a 1993 raid in Mogadishu by the U.S. military aimed at capturing faction leader Mohamed Farrah Aidid and the ensuing firefight , known as the Battle of Mogadishu .   The film features a large ensemble cast , including Josh Hartnett , Ewan McGregor , Eric Bana , Tom Sizemore , William Fichtner , Jason Isaacs , Tom Hardy , and Sam Shepard . It won two Oscars for Best Film Editing and Best Sound Mixing at the 74th Academy Awards . Although it was received positively by critics , the film was strongly criticized by a number of groups and military officials .   In 2009 , an extended cut of the film was released on DVD . The cut contained an additional 8 minutes of footage increasing the running time to 152 minutes . This extended cut has yet to be released on Blu-Ray .

neg: Amy Barnes Amy Knight ( also Barnes ) is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera Hollyoaks , played by Ashley Slanina-Davies . She debuted on-screen during the episode airing on 14 November 2005 . Amy was created by executive producer David Hanson and Slanina-Davies was offered the role whilst looking for work as an extra . In 2009 , Slanina-Davies stated that she would be lost without the role and confirmed her loyalty to the serial . In July 2010 , it was announced that Slanina-Davies would be leaving the show . However it was revealed that she was back filming and staying in the serial in 2011 . Amy 's storylines have included underage pregnancy which resulted in the birth of daughter Leah Barnes and the subject of domestic abuse in her relationship with Ste Hay , portrayed by Kieron Richardson respectively . Whilst filming the storyline Slanina-Davies cut her long hair off for charity and this was scripted into the storyline .   Amy has also been part of a storyline which saw her pretending her daughter was suffering from leukaemia to scam money out of the community , off-screen this prompted Slanina-Davies to campaign for leukaemia and cancer charity CLIC Sargent and Women 's Aid . The issue of post-natal depression has been portrayed following the birth of her second child Lucas Hay . Slanina-Davies has also revealed that she has conducted extensive research into all of her issue-lead storylines . In 2012 , it was announced that Slanina-Davies would be written out of the serial . Amy departed on 8 August 2012 . Amy has returned for guest appearances in 2013 , 2014 and returned to the show on a permanent basis in August 2016 .   In January 2017 , it was revealed that Amy would be departing later in the year in a `` whodunit '' storyline which would see the character killed-off , making the second Barnes character to be killed off since her sister Sarah in 2009 . She made her final appearance as a corpse on 29 March 2017 , however continued to appear in flashback appearances throughout the storyline . Amy 's funeral was held on 25 April 2017 , with characters such as her mother , Kathy ( Sarah Jane Buckley ) , and Zoe Carpenter ( Zoë Lister ) , returning for her funeral .

neg: Fortunes of War (novel series) Fortunes of War is the collective name given to six novels by Olivia Manning , consisting of The Balkan Trilogy and The Levant Trilogy . The Balkan Trilogy comprises the books The Great Fortune ( 1960 ) , The Spoilt City ( 1962 ) and Friends And Heroes ( 1965 ) . The Levant Trilogy comprises the books The Danger Tree ( 1977 ) , The Battle Lost And Won ( 1978 ) and The Sum Of Things ( 1980 ) .

neg: List of accolades received by Star Wars: The Force Awakens Star Wars : The Force Awakens is a 2015 epic space opera film directed , co-produced , and co-written by J. J. Abrams . The seventh installment in the main Star Wars film series , and first of three in Star Wars sequel trilogy , it stars Harrison Ford , Mark Hamill , Carrie Fisher , Adam Driver , Daisy Ridley , John Boyega , Oscar Isaac , Lupita Nyong ` o , Andy Serkis , Domhnall Gleeson , Anthony Daniels , and Max von Sydow . The Force Awakens is set 30 years after Return of the Jedi ; it follows Rey , Finn , and Poe Dameron 's search for Luke Skywalker and their fight alongside the Resistance , led by veterans of the Rebel Alliance , against Kylo Ren and the First Order , a successor group to the Galactic Empire .   The Force Awakens was premiered by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures in Los Angeles on December 14 , and was released in United States and Canada on December 18 , 2015 . The Force Awakens opened across 14,300 theaters , breaking numerous box-office records and became the first film to earn more than $ 100 million worldwide in a single day . The film grossed a worldwide total of over $ 2 billion on a production budget of $ 306 million becoming the highest-grossing release of 2015 , and the fastest film to earn $ 1 billion worldwide , doing so in twelve-days . The Force Awakens became the third film in history to surpass $ 2 billion worldwide ( after Avatar ( 2009 ) and Titanic ( 1997 ) ) , doing so on its 53rd day of release .   Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator , surveyed 360 reviews and judged 92 percent to be positive . The Force Awakens garnered many awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for Abrams ' direction , its action sequences , visual effects , editing and Ridley 's and Boyega 's performances . Several awards held their nominations before the December release of The Force Awakens , making the film ineligible for the 73rd Golden Globe Awards and some other awards ceremonies . However , the film was added to the 21st Critics ' Choice Awards 's slate of best picture nominees after a special vote by the board of directors , and the announcement of the 2015 American Film Institute Awards was delayed until after the release of film , where it was named one of Top Ten Films of the year .   The Force Awakens received five nominations at the 88th Academy Awards as Best Original Score , Best Sound Editing , Best Sound Mixing , Best Film Editing and Best Visual Effects . The film garnered four nominations at 69th British Academy Film Awards , and won for Best Special Visual Effects and a special BAFTA Rising Star Award for John Boyega . At the 21st Empire Awards , the film received nine nominations and won five including Best Sci-Fi/Fantasy Film , and Best Director for J.J. Abrams . The Force Awakens became the most nominated film in Saturn Awards history with total of thirteen nominations at 42nd Saturn Awards and won eight including Best Science Fiction Film , Best Director and Best Special Effects . The film received seven nominations from the Visual Effects Society , winning four including Outstanding Visual Effects in an Effects Driven Feature Motion Picture . Star Wars : The Force Awakens received eleven nominations at MTV Movie Awards , the most for the ceremony and won three including Movie of the Year .

neg: Daniel Minahan Daniel Minahan is an American television and film director and writer .   Minahan has directed several episodes of the HBO original series , Six Feet Under , Deadwood , True Blood , The Newsroom and Game of Thrones ; also The L Word on Showtime and Grey 's Anatomy on ABC . He also wrote and directed the independent film , Series 7 : The Contenders .   He was also the assistant director and writer for the 1996 film , I Shot Andy Warhol .