query: David Bowie had liver cancer.

pos: David Bowie David Robert Jones ( 8 January 1947 -- 10 January 2016 ) , known professionally as David Bowie ( -LSB- ˈboʊi -RSB- ) , was an English singer , songwriter and actor . He was a figure in popular music for over five decades , becoming acclaimed by critics and other musicians for his innovative work . His career was marked by reinvention and visual presentation , his music and stagecraft significantly influencing popular music . During his lifetime , his record sales , estimated at 140 million worldwide , made him one of the world 's best-selling music artists . In the UK , he was awarded nine platinum album certifications , eleven gold and eight silver , releasing eleven number-one albums . In the US , he received five platinum and seven gold certifications . He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1996 .   Born in Brixton , South London , Bowie developed an interest in music as a child , eventually studying art , music and design before embarking on a professional career as a musician in 1963 . `` Space Oddity '' became his first top-five entry on the UK Singles Chart after its release in July 1969 . After a period of experimentation , he re-emerged in 1972 during the glam rock era with his flamboyant and androgynous alter ego Ziggy Stardust . The character was spearheaded by the success of his single `` Starman '' and album The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars , which won him widespread popularity . In 1975 , Bowie 's style shifted radically towards a sound he characterised as `` plastic soul '' , initially alienating many of his UK devotees but garnering him his first major US crossover success with the number-one single `` Fame '' and the album Young Americans . In 1976 , Bowie starred in the cult film The Man Who Fell to Earth and released Station to Station . The following year , he further confounded musical expectations with the electronic-inflected album Low ( 1977 ) , the first of three collaborations with Brian Eno that would come to be known as the `` Berlin Trilogy '' . `` Heroes '' ( 1977 ) and Lodger ( 1979 ) followed ; each album reached the UK top five and received lasting critical praise .   After uneven commercial success in the late 1970s , Bowie had UK number ones with the 1980 single `` Ashes to Ashes '' , its parent album Scary Monsters and Super Creeps , and `` Under Pressure '' , a 1981 collaboration with Queen . He then reached his commercial peak in 1983 with Let 's Dance , with its title track topping both UK and US charts . Throughout the 1990s and 2000s , Bowie continued to experiment with musical styles , including industrial and jungle . He also continued acting ; his roles included Major Celliers in Merry Christmas , Mr. Lawrence ( 1983 ) , the Goblin King Jareth in Labyrinth ( 1986 ) , Pontius Pilate in The Last Temptation of Christ ( 1988 ) , and Nikola Tesla in The Prestige ( 2006 ) , among other film and television appearances and cameos . He stopped concert touring after 2004 , and his last live performance was at a charity event in 2006 . In 2013 , Bowie returned from a decade-long recording hiatus with the release of The Next Day . He remained musically active until he died of liver cancer two days after the release of his final album , Blackstar ( 2016 ) .

neg: Bowie (surname) Bowie is an Irish and Scottish surname . The name is pronounced -LSB- ˈbuːiː -RSB- , -LSB- ˈboʊ.i -RSB- , or -LSB- ˈbaʊ.i -RSB- .   The name can be derived from the Gaelic nickname buidhe , meaning `` yellow '' , `` fair-haired '' . The surname can also be an Anglicised form of the Irish surname Ó Buadhaigh ; this surname means `` descendant of Buadhach '' and is also rendered as Bogue and Boyce . The personal name Buadhach means `` victorious '' . The surname Bowie is rendered in Scottish Gaelic as Buidheach ( masculine ) and Bhuidheach ( feminine ) , as well as Mac ` IlleBhuidhe ( masculine ) and Nic ` IlleBhuidhe ( feminine ) . Early instances of the surname in Scotland , recorded in 1481 , are : Boye , Bowy , and Boee .   A family of the surname , the Bowie family , was one of the colonial families of Maryland with John Bowie , Sr. being the first Bowie in the colony .

neg: David Bowie discography English singer David Bowie ( born David Jones ) released 25 studio albums , 9 live albums , 51 compilation albums , 8 extended plays ( EPs ) , 128 singles , including 5 UK number one singles , and 4 soundtracks . Bowie also released 14 video albums and 72 music videos .

neg: VH1 Storytellers (David Bowie album) VH1 Storytellers is a live album by David Bowie . It was released on 6 July 2009 and features a 23 August 1999 performance on Storytellers , a VH1 program . The package contains an audio CD and a DVD of footage . The set list contains songs that spanned Bowie 's career until that point , from the 1960s until his then soon-to-be released album Hours ( 1999 ) .

neg: Tony Visconti Anthony Edward `` Tony '' Visconti ( born April 24 , 1944 ) is an American record producer , musician and singer . Since the late 1960s , he has worked with an array of performers . His lengthiest involvement with any artist is with David Bowie : intermittently from Bowie 's second album in 1969 to the 2016 release Blackstar , Visconti produced and occasionally performed on many of Bowie 's albums .

neg: Berlin Trilogy The Berlin Trilogy consists of three consecutively released studio albums by English singer and songwriter David Bowie : Low ( 1977 ) , `` Heroes '' ( 1977 ) and Lodger ( 1979 ) . The albums were recorded after Bowie took up residence in West Berlin in late 1976 , and saw him experiment with elements of electronic , krautrock , ambient , and world music in collaboration with American producer Tony Visconti and English musician Brian Eno .   Bowie began referring to the three albums as a Berlin-centered trilogy during the promotion of Lodger , although `` Heroes '' was the only installment primarily recorded in the city . Each album reached the UK top five . Bowie would later call the music of the trilogy his `` DNA '' . Consequence of Sound characterized the trilogy as an `` art rock trifecta '' , while Rolling Stone wrote that '' ' -LSB- the -RSB- ` Berlin Trilogy ' stands as some of the most innovative music in the artist 's influential canon '' . According to Robert Christgau , `` the true beginnings of illbient and chillout techno '' lay in the `` second side '' of each album .

neg: Liver The liver is a vital organ of vertebrates and some other animals . In humans , it is located in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen , below the diaphragm . The liver has a wide range of functions , including detoxification of various metabolites , protein synthesis , and the production of biochemicals necessary for digestion . It also plays a role in metabolism , regulation of glycogen storage , decomposition of red blood cells and hormone production .   The liver is a gland . It is an accessory digestive gland and produces bile , an alkaline compound which aids in digestion via the emulsification of lipids . The gallbladder , a small pouch that sits just under the liver , stores bile produced by the liver . The liver 's highly specialized tissue consisting of mostly hepatocytes regulates a wide variety of high-volume biochemical reactions , including the synthesis and breakdown of small and complex molecules , many of which are necessary for normal vital functions . Estimates regarding the organ 's total number of functions vary , but textbooks generally cite it being around 500 .   Terminology related to the liver often starts in hepat - from ἡπατο - , the Greek word for liver .   There is currently no way to compensate for the absence of liver function in the long term , although liver dialysis techniques can be used in the short term . Artificial livers are yet to be developed to promote long term replacement in the absence of the liver . As of now , liver transplantation is the only option for complete liver failure .

neg: Children's Liver Disease Foundation Children 's Liver Disease Foundation ( CLDF ) is a UK charity taking action against the effects of childhood liver disease , providing information , emotional support , research funds and a voice for all affected .   CLDF was founded in 1980 by the parents of a little boy named Michael McGough , who died before be could receive a liver transplant . The name was later changed to Children 's Liver Disease Foundation .   Today the charity works in four main areas , support of families and young people affected by childhood liver disease , funding medical and social research into all aspects of childhood liver disease and education , providing educational services to the general public and the medical profession and providing a voice for all affected by childhood liver disease . The charity works closely with the three UK specialist paediatric liver centres : Birmingham Children 's Hospital , King 's College Hospital , London and Leeds General Infirmary .   CLDF provides support to families and young people affected by childhood liver disease , including an ` on-call ' telephone and email service and face to face meetings with parents and young people at hospitals and clinics .   The charity has also developed a range of literature for families , young people and healthcare professionals . CLDF 's literature series includes a medical series , with leaflets on the main liver diseases affecting children ( biliary atresia , alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency , autoimmune hepatitis , hepatitis A , hepatitis B , hepatitis C , Wilson 's disease etc. ) CLDF has also produced a nutrition series , a support series for families and information written especially for children and young people . CLDF also provides the paediatric liver transplant units with a series of leaflets on transplantation to accompany the paediatric liver transplant programme .

neg: Wild Eyed Boy from Freecloud `` Wild Eyed Boy from Freecloud '' is a song written by David Bowie , first recorded in June 1969 and released as B-side to his single `` Space Oddity '' . Bowie then rerecorded the song for his second eponymous album ( released in the U.S. as Man of Words , Man of Music by Mercury and reissued by RCA in 1972 as Space Oddity ) .   The single version has sparse instrumentation : guitar ( played by Bowie ) and arco bass ( by Paul Buckmaster ) . The album version , recorded in July/August 1969 , features a full orchestral arrangement by Tony Visconti and is said to be the debut on a Bowie record of Mick Ronson , contributing uncredited lead guitar and handclaps midway through the track .   Bowie himself said of the song : `` It was about the disassociated , the ones who feel as though they 're left outside , which was how I felt about me . I always felt I was on the edge of events , the fringe of things , and left out . A lot of my characters in those early years seem to revolve around that feeling . It must have come from my own interior puzzlement at where I was '' .

neg: List of artists who have spent the most weeks on the UK music charts This is a list of artists who have spent more than one thousand weeks on the UK Singles Chart and UK Albums Chart combined . It uses the methodology used to compile a top 500 list in the British Hit Singles & Albums books until 2005 . Any album or single must be credited to the named artist and must appear in the top 75 singles or albums chart as recorded by the Official Charts Company .   Elvis Presley has the most weeks on the singles charts with 1,302 weeks for 165 singles . Cliff Richard and Rihanna are the only other artists to record over one thousand weeks in the singles chart . Rihanna has the most weeks in the singles chart since 2000 , with 1058 between September 2005 and September 2016 -- an average of over 1.8 singles per chart week during this eleven-year period .   Queen have the most weeks on the albums chart with over 1,400 weeks , followed by ten other artists with more than a thousand weeks . David Bowie passed the thousand-week mark following his death in January 2016 , when 16 of his albums entered or re-entered the top 75 .

neg: Bernard Langer (surgeon) Doctor Bernard `` Bernie '' Langer ( born May 23 , 1932 ) is a Canadian surgeon and educator . In 2015 , he was inducted into the Canadian Medical Hall of Fame .   Born in Toronto , he received an MD ( 1956 ) from the University of Toronto , interned at the Toronto General Hospital ( TGH ) and completed training as a surgeon at the University of Toronto . Langer subsequently pursued training in oncology at MD Anderson Hospital in Houston and in liver transplantation at Brigham Hospital in Boston .   In 1963 , he was named to the staff of the TGH . Although a general surgeon , Langer developed an expertise in liver , pancreas and biliary tract surgeries . He became head of the general surgery division at the hospital in 1972 . In that role , he established a recruitment methodology which allowed the development of subspeciality areas within general surgery . In 1985 , he performed the first liver transplant in Toronto . As a member of the Provincial Advisory Committee on Surgical Oncology , the Cancer Quality Council of Ontario and the Cancer Surgery Quality Committee , he helped raise the standards for cancer care in Ontario ; these improved standards were also used as a model in other parts of Canada .   In 1982 , Langer became R.S. McLaughlin Professor and chair of the surgery department at the University of Toronto . He established a Surgeon Scientist Program , aimed at providing surgeons with research training . The Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada 's Clinician Investigator Program , established in 1994 , was modelled after the Surgeon Scientist Program . Langer also served as president of the Canadian Association of General Surgeons , as president of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract , as the first vice president of the American Surgical Association and as president of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada .   In his honour , the University of Toronto has established the Bernard and Ryna Langer Chair in General Surgery , the Department of Surgery Langer Surgeon Scientist Award and the Bernard Langer Annual Lecture in Health Sciences . The Canadian Association of General Surgeons has a Langer Lecture at its annual meeting . In 2002 , Langer was named an Officer in the Order of Canada .   Langer married Ryna Manson ; the couple has four children .   He has said `` If you do n't stand tall enough , you ca n't see far enough . ''

neg: Less Than Zero (song) `` Less Than Zero '' is the eighth track on Elvis Costello 's debut album My Aim Is True , and the first Costello single that Stiff Records released .   The song expressed Costello 's anger after seeing former British Union of Fascists leader Oswald Mosley interviewed on television attempting to deny his racist past . In the liner notes to the Rhino edition of the album , Costello writes :   The song therefore fits in with a number of others on early Costello albums that deal with themes of fascism and totalitarianism , which also include `` Night Rally '' from This Year 's Model and `` Goon Squad '' from Armed Forces . In this case , a racist and totalitarian movement is seen in terms of sub rosa teenage sex : `` Turn up the TV ... Even your mother wo n't detect it/So your father wo n't know . ''   Allmusic critic Mark Deming describes the melody as `` slow , slinky -LSB- and -RSB- sinister . '' Deming also suggests that the melody shows some reggae influences , even though the rhythm does not incorporate reggae syncopations . Deming describes the song as `` controversial , audacious , and highly effective '' as well as `` a truly remarkable debut . ''   On his first visit to the United States , Costello found that American audiences did n't understand the song , writing in his 2015 autobiography , Unfaithful Music and Disappearing Ink , `` I 'm not sure if anyone in Cleveland has ever heard of Oswald Mosley or gave a damn about him when we played `` Less Than Zero '' that night . It was just some rock and roll music with a fashionable-sounding title '' . Later , he substantially rewrote the lyrics to refer to Lee Harvey Oswald . This was a reference to the common misconception among American fans that this was the `` Mr. Oswald '' referred to in the original lyrics . This version is usually referred to as the `` Dallas version '' and is available as a bonus track on the My Aim is True reissue , and a live version can be found on Live at the El Mocambo .   The song later provided US author Bret Easton Ellis with the title of his debut novel .   The song was also involved in Costello 's infamous performance on Saturday Night Live on 17 December 1977 . Following pressure from his record company to play the song on the show , Costello began to play the song , but he stopped after only a few bars , saying that `` there 's no reason to do this song here . '' He then launched into an unannounced performance of `` Radio Radio '' , a song he had promised not to play . As a result , he was banned from the show until 1989 . In 2015 , Costello wrote of having seen the Saturday Night Live appearance as an opportunity equivalent to The Beatles ' first live US television performance on -LSB- -LSB- The Ed Sullivan Show -RSB- : '' -LSB- ... -RSB- Columbia insisted that the second song should be `` Less Than Zero '' . The song had already proven to be obscure to many American ears and if this was supposed to be our I Want to Hold Your Hand moment , I thought the song was too low-key '' . He had then come up with the plan to switch songs , inspired by a live performance on the BBC 's The Lulu Show in 1969 in which Jimi Hendrix had scrapped a performance of Hey Joe after a few bars to instead play an impromptu tribute to Cream , who had broken up just days before .   `` Less Than Zero '' appears on the first Stiff Records compilation ; A Bunch of Stiff Records , whilst the B-side , `` Radio Sweetheart '' , appears on their second ; Hits Greatest Stiffs .

neg: King's College Criteria The King 's College Criteria or the King 's College Hospital criteria were devised in 1989 to determine if there were any early indices of poor prognosis in patients with acute liver failure . Acute liver failure is defined as the onset of encephalopathy ( altered mental status ) or coagulopathy ( altered bleeding tendencies ) within 26 weeks of a patient diagnosed with liver disease . Patients with hepatitis B acquired at birth , Wilson 's disease and autoimmune hepatitis are included if their disease was identified within the past 26 weeks . These patients are very ill , and have a very high risk of dying of their illness without adequate treatment which may include liver transplantation . It is important that physicians find ways of identifying patients with acute liver failure early in their course who will do poorly , and may require liver transplantation . The King 's College Criteria have consistently shown excellent operating characteristics for determining prognosis in these patients . As liver transplantation becomes a more accessible option for patients with acute liver failure , the King 's College Criteria serve a role in determining which patients may require transplantation .

neg: Pallas Athena (song) `` Pallas Athena '' is a song written by David Bowie in 1993 for the album Black Tie White Noise .   The name is taken from the Greek goddess , Athena , who is famously depicted in Athenian statues under the form of Pallas Athena . Hence , the name of the song is a suggestion of religion and icons and sets the mood for a dark piece concerning the power that religion has over man .   The lyrics are rather sparse , but the phrase beginning the piece , `` God is on top of it , that 's all , '' delivered as though from an African-American preacher , is ominous and intimidating , accompanied with the sound of strings delivering a sorrowful melody . The piece develops into a techno dance piece , using string sounds to hold the ominous mood while overlaid atop bass and drums . David Bowie 's saxophone playing is amplified into a scream-like sound , which solos , along with Lester Bowie on trumpet . A lyric , `` We are , we are , we are , we are praying , '' is repeated through the close of the song in a somber , monk-like fashion . Ultimately , the song restates Bowie 's interest in how man relates with God .   Bowie used to play a drum 'n' bass version of the song during his 1997 Earthling tour , and a live version recorded at Paradiso , Holland 10 June 1997 was released as a single under the name Tao Jones Index , a very limited edition only available on 12 '' vinyl . Bowie played as Tao Jones Index during his performance in a dance tent at Phoenix Festival in 1997 . It is a pun based on his birth name , David Jones , and his then recent bond offering to the Dow Jones Index . Tao , a Chinese character pronounced `` dao , '' not only stands for the Chinese equivalent to Bowie 's first initial , `` D '' , but also has heavy religious implications through its correlation to Taoism , therefore contributing to the religious overtones of `` Pallas Athena . '' The Chinese character 道 means `` the way '' ( the path , the route ) .   It was announced in March 2010 that a digital download EP would be made available in June 2010 .

neg: The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars ( often shortened to Ziggy Stardust ) is the fifth studio album by English musician David Bowie , released on 16 June 1972 . It is a concept album telling the story of a fictional rock star named Ziggy Stardust . It peaked at No. 5 in the United Kingdom on the UK Albums Chart and No. 75 in the United States on the Billboard 200 , then improved to a No. 21 position in the wake of Bowie 's death .   The album tells the story of Bowie 's alter ego Ziggy Stardust , a rock star who acts as a messenger for extraterrestrial beings . Bowie created Ziggy Stardust while in New York City promoting Hunky Dory and performed as him on a tour of the United Kingdom , Japan and North America . The album , and the character of Ziggy Stardust , was known for its glam rock influences and themes of sexual exploration and social commentary . These factors , coupled with the ambiguity surrounding Bowie 's sexuality and fuelled by a ground-breaking performance of `` Starman '' on Top of the Pops , led to the album being met with controversy and since hailed as a seminal work .   The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders From Mars has received critical acclaim and has been consistently considered one of the greatest albums of all time , with Rolling Stone magazine ranking it the 35th greatest ever . It was ranked the 20th greatest album ever in a 1997 British survey , the 41st greatest of all time by Q magazine and one of the 100 greatest releases ever by Time magazine . In 2017 , the album was selected for preservation in the National Recording Registry , being deemed `` culturally , historically , or artistically significant '' by the Library of Congress .   A concert film of the same name , directed by D. A. Pennebaker , was recorded in 1973 and released a decade later in 1983 .

neg: A Reality Tour (album) A Reality Tour is a live album by David Bowie that was released on 25 January 2010 . The album features 22 and 23 November 2003 performances in Dublin during his concert tour A Reality Tour . This is an audio version of the concert video of the same name , except that it adds three bonus tracks . The digital download on iTunes adds two more bonus tracks .

neg: Music of Life Music of Life is a British independent dance music label formed in 1986 by two influential DJ remixers , Froggy and Simon Harris , managed by Chris France . Following several successful productions , one of which reached No. 3 in the UK pop music charts ( The Real Thing 's ` You to me are Everything ' ) Harris and Froggy decided to launch their own label , they were offered a label deal by Morgan Khan ( Streetwave ) and the first release was a remix by the duo of Cerrone 's ` Supernature ' ( his ` Music of Life song was the inspiration for the label name ) . Within a few months Froggy left the label and Streetwave went out of business . Harris being active in remixing and production for many other artists and labels financed the label with his remix income . After the demise of Streetwave Harris and France decided to re-launch as a British hip-hop ( usually UK Hip Hop , ) music label . Music of Life opened an office in London 's Soho at 22 Hanway Street , Chris France and his sister Michelle spent their days in the busy Soho office whilst Simon could usually be found in his home studio ` The Bunker ' producing many of the Music of Life releases .   At first the label licensed new rap music from US production company Powerplay for the first compilation album ` Def Beats 1 ' but as an addition to the US material Harris produced an extra track , under his own ` Music of Life Productions ' recorded in London by the label 's A&R man Derek Boland . ` Rock the Beat ' by Derek B created a demand for British hip-hop and the demo tapes started to arrive , Music of Life signed the best artists instead of licensing more US material and Harris would produce many new songs featuring artists including M.C Duke , The Demon Boyz ( Million Dan ) , Thrashpack , Asher D and Daddy Freddy , CJ Macintosh & Einstein , She Rockers ( Betty Boo ) , Hijack and many more .   Many of these recordings broke ground and are still considered to be highly innovative , the first reggae/hip-hop combination ( Asher D & Daddy Freddy 's ` Ragamuffin Hip Hop ) and Derek B 's album would be licensed to US label ` Profile ' ( Run DMC ) , Hijack would be signed to Ice-T 's Rhyme syndicate label and many more . Music Week wrote that Music of Life was `` the most successful hip hop label in the UK right now '' , in 1988 . Record Mirror identified Music of Life as one of the few hip hop labels `` to believe in home grown talent '' . In 1989 , Studio Week magazine called Music of Life `` the foremost rap label in this country at the moment . ''   So far the Music of Life catalog of recordings and copyrights under Music of Life Productions and released on many labels worldwide including Music of Life have exceeded 2000 titles and include music videos and documentary TV shows ( ` Kings of Rap ' - MTV ) .   Music of Life is one of the UK 's longest running independent dance music labels ( 1986 -- present day ) and the catalog has been licensed and released in over 70 countries with many chart hits including the UK , Germany , Japan , France and the USA ( Harris 's ` Bass ' how low can you go ? was a No. 1 Billboard US chart hit ) and many Grammy award winning artists ( Luthor Vandross , REM , Beastie Boys , Beck ) have licensed from the Music of Life catalog .   Sister label ` Living Beat ' was launched in 1989 and would release many dance music , house and pop recordings with chart success including ` Supermarioland ' reaching No. 6 in the UK pop charts with Harris 's AKA ` Ambassadors of Funk ' in association with Nintendo , Samantha Fox 's Song for Europe entry ` Go for the Heart ' and was instrumental in helping Prince achieve his first UK No1 pop single ` The Most Beautiful Girl in the World ' .   Harris also produced the world 's best selling series of ` Breakbeat ' albums used by DJs and producers , ` Beats Breaks and Scratches ' in 12 volumes and worked with top artists Norman Cook ( Fatboy Slim ) , Paul Oakenfold , Afrika Bambaataa and George Clinton to produce and release similar albums that are part of the Music of Life catalog . Music of Life is now a registered trademark .   The Music of Life catalog includes songs from :   M.C. Duke & D.J. Leader 1  Thrashpack  She Rockers ( featuring * Betty Boo )  Daddy Freddy  Asher D  Tenor Fly  Nitty Gritty  Derek B  Hijack  Hardnoise  3 Knights  DJ Daddy  Leslie Lyrics  Norman Cook  Paul Oakenfold  George Clinton  Simon Harris ( label founder )  Einstein  Ambassadors of Funk  Afrika Bambaataa  Demon Boyz  Professor Griff  Clyde Stubblefield  Killa Instinct  S.L. Troopers  First Frontal Assault  Kobalt 60  Overlord X

neg: The Comedians (1971 TV series) The Comedians is a British television show of the 1970s ( later reprised in the mid-1980s and early 1990s ) produced by Johnnie Hamp of Granada Television . The show gave a stage to nightclub and working men 's club comedians of the era , including Russ Abbot , Lennie Bennett , Stan Boardman , Jim Bowen , Jimmy Bright , Duggie Brown , Mike Burton , Dave Butler , Brian Carroll , Frank Carson , Mike Coyne , Jimmy Cricket , Colin Crompton , Pauline Daniels , Charlie Daze , Vince Earl , Steve Faye , Eddie Flanagan , Stu Francis , Ken Goodwin , Jackie Hamilton , Jerry Harris , George King , Bobby Knutt , Bernard Manning , Mike McCabe , Paul Melba , Mick Miller , Hal Nolan , Tom O'Connor , Tom Pepper , Bryn Phillips , Mike Reid , George Roper , Harry Scott , Sammy Thomas , Johnny Wager , Roy Walker , Charlie Williams , Lee Wilson and Lenny Windsor .   Also featured on the TV show , were Shep 's Banjo Boys , a 7-piece band comprising ( for the first 5 series ) Charlie Bentley ( tenor banjo ) , John Drury ( sousaphone ) , Andy Holdorf ( trombone ) , John Orchard ( piano ) , John Rollings ( drums ) , Graham Shepherd ( banjo ) and Howard Shepherd ( lead banjo ) . In 1973 , the line up was Mike Dexter ( banjo ) , Tony `` Tosh '' Kennedy ( sousaphone ) , Ged Martin ( drums ) , Tony Pritchard ( trombone ) , Graham Shepherd ( banjo ) and Howard `` Shep '' Shepherd ( lead banjo ) .   The Comedians began as an experiment for Granada TV . Filmed before a live audience in Manchester , comics each performed 20-minute sets , which were then edited together into half-hour shows . Each edition featured up to ten stand-up comics .   Working men 's clubs are numerous in Britain , especially in North East England and have been a useful training ground for artists , especially comedians . Most of these clubs are affiliated to the CIU ( Working Men 's Club and Institute Union ) founded in 1862 by the Rev. Henry Solly . There are also political clubs , as well as Servicemen 's Clubs affiliated to the Royal British Legion .   It was remarkably popular during the earlier series . An LP recording of the show reached the best-seller charts , several sell-out national tours followed , including a season at the London Palladium , and the programme won the Critics ' circle Award .   The comedy frequently took the form of anecdotes or jokes and often involved racist or sexist stereotypes . Like other British comedy successes of the day , notably , Love Thy Neighbour , this kind of entertainment was acceptable on British television during this period but would not be so today . Viewing the series in retrospect it stands as a major social document of the times .   In recent years , the series has been repeated on the ( now defunct ) British satellite television channel Plus , and can now be bought on DVD , having been released by Network .

neg: We Were So Turned On: A Tribute to David Bowie We Were So Turned On : A Tribute to David Bowie is a David Bowie tribute album released worldwide on September 6 , 2010 by Manimal Vinyl as a charity for War Child UK . The album features contributions from Duran Duran , Carla Bruni , Mick Karn , John Frusciante , Devendra Banhart , Vivian Girls , Edward Sharpe and the Magnetic Zeros , A Place to Bury Strangers and others .   The project was started in early 2008 by Manimal Vinyl 's founder Paul Beahan . The album was originally planned to feature contributions from Radiohead , Nine Inch Nails and MGMT , who all pulled out due to recording and scheduling conflicts .   The cover artwork was created by Los Angeles-based artist owleyes and the inside artwork was created by artist and musician Nico Turner . The cover includes three images of the inside artwork from the gatefold edition of the album Aladdin Sane filled with psychedelic graphics . The label released A Place to Bury Strangers ' cover of `` Suffragette City '' on the music blog Cover Me one week before the album . Xu Xu Fang 's China Girl video reached number 1 on Cover Me Songs 2010 Year-end Best of list .

neg: Chronic liver disease Chronic liver disease in the clinical context is a disease process of the liver that involves a process of progressive destruction and regeneration of the liver parenchyma leading to fibrosis and cirrhosis . `` Chronic liver disease '' refers to disease of the liver which lasts over a period of six months . It consists of a wide range of liver pathologies which include inflammation ( chronic hepatitis ) , liver cirrhosis , and hepatocellular carcinoma . The entire spectrum need not be experienced .

neg: The Flaming Lips with Neon Indian The Flaming Lips with Neon Indian is an extended play by American rock band the Flaming Lips and American electronic music band Neon Indian . It was released on March 23 , 2011 as part of The Flaming Lips 2011 series of monthly music releases . The 12-inch EP was a limited release pressed on special colored vinyl and distributed to select record stores in the United States . The song `` Is David Bowie Dying ? '' was later included on the 2012 album The Flaming Lips and Heady Fwends .


query: Anaconda is by a Trinidadian-born rapper.

pos: Anaconda (Nicki Minaj song) `` Anaconda '' is a song by Trinidadian-born American rapper Nicki Minaj , from her third studio album , The Pinkprint ( 2014 ) . It was released on August 4 , 2014 by Young Money Entertainment , Cash Money Records , and Republic Records as the second single from the album . The song was produced by Polow da Don , Anonymous , and Da Internz . The song heavily samples `` Baby Got Back '' by Sir Mix-a-Lot .   The song peaked at number two on the US Billboard Hot 100 , consequently becoming Minaj 's highest charting single in the United States to date . It went on to spend eight weeks in the top ten of the Hot 100 chart . The song also peaked within the top ten in Australia , Canada , Ireland , New Zealand and the United Kingdom .   An accompanying video for the song was directed by Colin Tilley and released on August 19 , 2014 . Following the video 's release , it broke the 24-hour streaming record on Vevo by accumulating 19.6 million views in its first day of release , being surpassed by Taylor Swift 's `` Bad Blood '' in 2015 . To further promote the song , Minaj performed it live at the 2014 MTV Video Music Awards and also performed it at Fashion Rocks and the iHeartRadio Music Festival . `` Anaconda '' was nominated for Best Rap Song at the 2015 Grammy Awards . The song was also nominated for two categories at the 2015 MTV Video Music Awards , Best Female Video and Best Hip-Hop Video , winning the latter .

neg: Anastacia discography The discography of Anastacia , an American singer-songwriter , consists of six studio albums , twenty two singles , twenty three music videos , and two DVDs .   She released her debut album , Not That Kind on June 13 , 2000 . The album reached the top ten in eight countries in Europe and Asia . It went four times platinum in Europe and triple platinum in Australia ; her debut single `` I 'm Outta Love '' was a global smash hit in 1999 topping the charts in Belgium , Australia and New Zealand , peaking at number two in France , Switzerland , Italy and Ireland as well as also reaching number six both in Germany . The second single `` Not That Kind '' reached number 11 in the UK and became a Top 10 hit in Italy . It also entered the Top 20 in Switzerland and France . `` Cowboys & Kisses '' was released as the third single off the album , charting in the top forty in some European countries . As the last promotional only single , `` Made for Lovin ' You '' charted in the UK at number twenty-seven and in France at number seventy-two .   Her second album Freak of Nature released in 2001 , achieved successful sales in the U.K. where it went triple platinum as well as being a hit throughout continental Europe , however unlike her debut it did not match the same level of international success . The first single released was `` Paid My Dues '' . The song became an overall hit , in 2001 , peaking in Denmark , Italy , Norway , and Switzerland , and reaching the top ten in several other mainland European countries . The second single , released in 2002 , `` One Day in Your Life '' , reached number eleven in the UK and the top ten in many European countries . The next single `` Why 'd You Lie to Me '' reached the top thirty in the UK . `` You 'll Never Be Alone '' , the fourth single , reached number twenty-eight on the Adult Contemporary chart in the U.S.   Anastacia quickly became her most successful album to date , giving her a third consecutive triple platinum album in the U.K. and reaching the top of national charts of Ireland , the Netherlands , Australia , Greece , Germany and other countries . Unlike her first two albums , which were released in her homeland of America , Anastacia was not , despite being scheduled for release on three occasions . The first single , released in March , was `` Left Outside Alone '' , which saw a change in direction for Anastacia . It was one of the biggest songs in Europe of 2004 , reaching number one Austria , Italy , Spain , Switzerland and number two in Denmark , Germany , Ireland , the Netherlands , Norway and number three in the United Kingdom and Hungary . Overall the song remained at No. 1 on the European Billboards for 15 weeks . The song also peaked in the Australian charts where it went on to become the countries ' second biggest selling single of 2004 . Anastacia released three further internationally successful singles ; `` Sick and Tired '' ( which gave her another number one in Spain and another UK top five single ) , `` Welcome to My Truth '' ( her best-selling hit in Spain ) , and the ballad `` Heavy on My Heart '' proceeds from the sale of which went towards her Anastacia Fund ( a charitable organization providing research funding for breast cancer ) .   On July 24 , Anastacia announced that her fourth studio album Heavy Rotation would be released October 27 , 2008 in Europe and Asia ( and elsewhere in 2009 ) . Her fourth studio album proved to be less successful than her previous ones ; her singles failed to reach the top 40 in her most commercially successful country ( UK ) . The album 's first single , called `` I Can Feel You '' , began playing in some radio markets on August 25 , 2008 . The second single from Heavy Rotation was `` Absolutely Positively '' , later served as a promotional single only . The third official single from the album had been confirmed as `` Defeated '' and was released as a promotional single only in Europe without a music video .   It 's a Man 's World , a collection of her covers by rock male artists was released on November 9 , 2012 . Anastacia confirmed via her Twitter account that she was currently writing songs for producers , John Fields and Steve Diamond and also , recording her sixth studio album which will return to her own chosen `` sprock '' sound . The album , entitled Resurrection , is to be released in May 2014 with the lead single `` Stupid Little Things '' was released on April 4 and was met with overwhelmingly positive reaction from music critics with MTV 's Brad Stern including it in the 5 Must-Hear Pop Songs of the Week ! stating that it was ` return to form ' from the ` pop princess and proof that Anastacia 's a true survivor ' , after her second battle with breast cancer .

neg: Mo'Cheddah Modupe-Oreoluwa Oyeyemi Ola ( born October 16 , 1990 ) , known by her stage name Mo'Cheddah ( sometimes stylized as Mocheeda or Mocheddah ) , is a Nigerian rapper and singer . She released her debut studio album , Franchise Celebrity ( 2010 ) , while signed to Knighthouse Entertainment . The album was preceded by the 2009 promotional single `` If You Want Me '' . She parted ways with Knighthouse in February 2012 and established her own label , Cheddah Music .

neg: Jallal Jallaluddin Mohammad Malik ( born 1993 ) , better known by his stage name Jallal , is an American rapper from Los Angeles , California .

neg: Walker T Marvin Christopher Walker ( born 1 October 1978 ) , better known by his stage name Walkerton or for short Walker.T is a Jamaican Reggae Artist . He is the self-proclaimed `` Reggae Superstar . ''

neg: Eddie Dee discography The discography of Eddie Dee , a Puerto Rican singer-songwriter and recording artist , consists of two studio albums , two compilation albums , a mixtape , and two recopilation albums as of December 2015 .   Eddie Dee began his career in 1990 and launched his debut studio album three years later . His second album became popular in Puerto Rico and was titled Tagwut in 1997 . It featured the hit single `` Señor Official '' . His following releases El Terrorista de la Lírica ( 2000 ) and Biografía ( 2001 ) , too enjoyed underground success . The 2004 album 12 Discípulos is regarded as `` the greatest reggaetón various artist album of all time '' . The album features songs by some of the most successful reggaetón artist , including the intro of the album , where they all come together as one to show that `` unity is needed for the genre reggaetón to survive and evolve '' . It was a collaboration between eleven other artist including Daddy Yankee , Tego Calderon , Ivy Queen , and Vico C among others , who were among the most requested at the time . The track , known as `` Los 12 Discípulos '' or `` Quítate Tu Pa ' Ponerme Yo '' reached number eight on the Billboard Tropical Songs chart , and was nominated for a 2005 Billboard Latin Music Award for `` Tropical Airplay Track of the Year , New Artist '' . The album itself reached number one on the Billboard Tropical Albums chart for three nonconsecutive weeks .

neg: Nadirah X Nadirah X aka Nadz born Nadirah Sabreen Seid , April 19 , is a Jamaican rap/hip-hop poet .

neg: Jonesmann Samson Jones , better known as Jonesmann , is a German rapper . He was born in Frankfurt to an African American father and a German mother . He was signed to Azad 's label Bozz Music and Sony BMG . Now he is signed to his own label ` Echte Musik ' .

neg: T-Pain discography The discography of T-Pain , an American R&B singer , songwriter record producer and rapper , consists of four studio albums , forty-two singles ( as lead artist , and featured artist ) , five mixtapes , and thirty-six music videos .   On December 6 , 2005 , his debut studio album , Rappa Ternt Sanga , is where it first appeared on the charts , when it debuted at number 33 on the US Billboard 200 . Both singles , `` I 'm Sprung '' and `` I 'm 'n Luv ( Wit a Stripper ) '' , peaked in the top ten on the US Billboard Hot 100 . After that , he collaborated with fellow rapper E-40 , along with an singer Kandi Burruss on the single `` U and Dat '' , which it peaked at number 13 in the United States . In 2007 , his second album , titled Epiphany ( 2007 ) , which debuted at number 1 in the United States . The lead single `` Buy U a Drank ( Shawty Snappin ' ) '' , peaked at number one in the United States , the follow-up single `` Bartender '' which peaked at number 5 , and the album 's third single `` Church '' . During 2007 , T-Pain made several guest appearances on songs by other performing artists , the most commercially successful of these being `` Low '' by Flo Rida , which peaked at number one in the United States , and on several national singles charts worldwide .   In November 2008 , T-Pain released his third studio album , Three Ringz , debuted at number 4 in the United States , and its consists by all 3 singles -- `` Chopped 'n' Skrewed '' , `` Ca n't Believe It '' and `` Freeze '' . In 2008 , T-Pain appeared on several other singles by other performing artists , including `` Got Money '' by Lil Wayne , `` The Boss by Rick Ross and `` One More Drink '' by Ludacris , among several others . T-Pain 's fourth studio album , Revolver , was released in December 2011 . The album has been preceded by the release of the promotional singles `` Take Your Shirt Off '' , `` Reverse Cowgirl '' and `` Rap Song '' , as well as the single `` Booty Wurk ( One Cheek at a Time ) '' , which attained mixed success on worldwide charts . On May 4 , 2011 , T-Pain released a mixtape , PrEVOLVEr , in promotion of the album . The first official single from Revolver was `` Best Love Song '' , which features Chris Brown . The album 's second single was `` 5 O'Clock '' , which features Wiz Khalifa and Lily Allen . The album 's third single was `` Turn All the Lights On '' , which features Ne-Yo .

neg: Twista Carl Terrell Mitchell ( born November 27 , 1973 ) , better known by his stage name Twista ( formerly Tung Twista ) , is an American rapper . He is best known for his chopper style of rapping and for once holding the title of fastest rapper in the world according to Guinness World Records in 1992 , being able to pronounce 598 syllables in 55 seconds .   In 1997 , after appearing on Do or Die 's hit single `` Po Pimp '' , produced by The Legendary Traxster , Twista signed with Big Beat and Atlantic Records , where he released his third album Adrenaline Rush and formed the group Speedknot Mobstaz , in 1998 . His 2004 album Kamikaze reached the top of the US Billboard 200 album chart , after the success of the Billboard Hot 100 # 1 single `` Slow Jamz '' .

neg: ASAP Ferg Darold D. Brown Ferguson , Jr. ( born October 20 , 1988 ) , better known by his stage name ASAP Ferg ( stylized as A$ AP Ferg ) , is an American rapper from New York City 's Harlem neighborhood . Aside from his solo career , he is a member of the hip hop collective A$ AP Mob , from which he adopted his moniker .   In January 2013 , Ferg signed a solo record deal with Polo Grounds and RCA , the same labels that helped launch A$ AP Worldwide , when Ferg 's A$ AP Mob cohorts A$ AP Rocky and the late A$ AP Yams , negotiated their own respective deal in 2011 . His debut album Trap Lord was released on August 20 , 2013 , and was met with generally positive reviews . On April 22 , 2016 , Ferg released his second studio album , Always Strive and Prosper .

neg: Sobre Crianças, Quadris, Pesadelos e Lições de Casa... `` Sobre Crianças , Quadris , Pesadelos e Lições de Casa ... '' is the second studio album by the Brazilian rapper Emicida . The album was released on August 7 , 2015 , by the independent label Laboratório Fantasma .

neg: Rock City (duo) Rock City is an American musical duo formed in 2003 , from Saint Thomas , U.S. Virgin Islands . The duo , composed of brothers Theron and Timothy Thomas , who use the stage names , A.I. and Uptown AP respectively , and they also are a songwriting and record production team . The duo have also released music under the namesakes R. City and Planet VI . Their debut album , What Dreams Are Made Of , was released in 2015 . They are known for single `` Locked Away '' featuring Adam Levine .   In 2007 , the duo signed with Geffen Records and American singer Akon 's KonLive Distribution . During their time there they released a series of mixtapes with the primary title , PTFAO ( Put the F*ckin' Album Out ) -- a reference to the fact that their then-debut album Wake the Neighbors , had not been given a release date . In 2011 , the duo were released from their contract with KonLive and subsequently founded Rebelution Records . In 2014 , they signed a record deal with RCA Records and Dr. Luke 's Kemosabe Records .   The Thomas brothers have written and produced for several prominent artists , including Jamaican singer Sean Kingston ( `` Take You There '' ) , American singer Miley Cyrus ( `` We Ca n't Stop '' ) , Trinidadian rapper Nicki Minaj ( `` Only '' ) and Barbadian popstar Rihanna ( `` Pour It Up '' ) . The duo has also contributed to numerous Grammy-nominated albums including Rihanna 's Unapologetic ( which won Best Urban Contemporary Album ) , Jennifer Hudson 's self-titled album ( which won Best R&B Album ) , and Ariana Grande 's My Everything ( which was nominated for Best Pop Vocal Album ) .

neg: NoClue Ricky Raphel Brown ( born January 28 , 1985 ) , known by the stage name NoClue , is an American rapper from Seattle . He is best known for obtaining the title of the world 's official `` Fastest Rap MC '' by Guinness World Records , for rapping 723 syllables in 51.27 seconds ( 14.1 syllables per second ) on his track `` New West '' , in January 2005 .

neg: Treach Anthony Criss ( born December 2 , 1970 ) , better known by his stage name Treach , is an American rapper and actor . He is best known as the lead rapper of the hip hop group Naughty by Nature .

neg: A Boogie wit da Hoodie Artist J. Dubose ( born December 6 , 1995 ) , better known by his stage name A Boogie wit da Hoodie ( or simply A Boogie ) , is an American rapper , songwriter , and record producer from Highbridge , Bronx , New York City . He is signed to Highbridge the Label and Atlantic Records . He is best known for his breakout single `` Jungle '' , from his debut mixtape Artist ( 2016 ) .

neg: Ana Díaz Ana Margarita Díaz Aceves ( born February 6 , 1972 in Oaxaca de Juarez , Oaxaca , Mexico ) , better known as Ana Diaz , is a Mexican composer and singer of contemporary Mexican songs . In her musical style , she mixes sounds like jazz , blues , bossa nova , ballad , pop , Latin music , cumbia and Mexican rhythms , which essentially makes her genre world music .

neg: Dae Dae Marquavis Goolsby ( born July 29 , 1992 ) , better known by his stage name Dae Dae , is an American rapper from Atlanta , Georgia . He is known for his debut single `` Wat U Mean ( Aye , Aye , Aye ) . ''

neg: Predikador Predikador ( born Víctor Delgado ) is a reggaeton producer from Arraiján , Panama . He is signed to Mas Flow Inc. .

neg: Figgkidd Figgkidd is an Australian rapper from Bankstown , New South Wales . He is often compared to Eminem . He won best new talent at the 2006 Urban Music Awards .

neg: Antimc Matthew Alsberg , better known by his stage name Antimc , is an American hip hop producer from Los Angeles , California .


query: Louis C.K. has worked on Louie without any breaks.

pos: Louis C.K. Louis Székely ( born September 12 , 1967 ) , known professionally as Louis C.K. ( -LSB- ˈluːi_siːˈkeɪ -RSB- ) , is an American comedian , actor , writer , producer , director , and editor . He began his career writing for several comedy shows in the 1990s and early 2000s for comedians including David Letterman , Conan O'Brien , Dana Carvey and Chris Rock . Also in this period , he was directing surreal short films and went on to direct two features -- Tomorrow Night ( 1998 ) and Pootie Tang ( 2001 ) -- before he starred in the short-lived HBO television sitcom Lucky Louie in 2006 .   Louie , an acclaimed semi-autobiographical comedy-drama series that C.K. created , stars in , writes , directs , executive produces , and is the primary editor of , began airing in 2010 on FX . He had supporting acting roles in the films The Invention of Lying ( 2009 ) , American Hustle , Blue Jasmine ( both 2013 ) , and Trumbo ( 2015 ) . During an extended Louie hiatus , C.K. created and starred in his web series Horace and Pete in 2016 , and voiced the lead role in the animated film The Secret Life of Pets the same year .   He released his debut comedy album , Live in Houston , in 2001 directly through his website and became among the first performers to offer direct-to-fan sales of tickets to his stand-up shows , as well as DRM-free video concert downloads , via his website . C.K. has released nine comedy albums in his career , often directing and editing his specials as well . He is known for his use of observational , self-deprecating , dark and vulgar humor .   C.K. won a 2012 Peabody Award , and has received six Emmy awards , as well as numerous awards for The Chris Rock Show , Louie , and his stand-up specials Live at the Beacon Theater ( 2011 ) and Oh My God ( 2013 ) . He has won the Grammy Award for Best Comedy Album twice . Rolling Stone ranked C.K. 's stand-up special Shameless number three on their `` Divine Comedy : 25 Best Stand-Up Specials and Movies of All Time '' list and , in 2017 , ranked him fourth on its list of the 50 best stand-up comics of all time .

neg: The Comedians (1971 TV series) The Comedians is a British television show of the 1970s ( later reprised in the mid-1980s and early 1990s ) produced by Johnnie Hamp of Granada Television . The show gave a stage to nightclub and working men 's club comedians of the era , including Russ Abbot , Lennie Bennett , Stan Boardman , Jim Bowen , Jimmy Bright , Duggie Brown , Mike Burton , Dave Butler , Brian Carroll , Frank Carson , Mike Coyne , Jimmy Cricket , Colin Crompton , Pauline Daniels , Charlie Daze , Vince Earl , Steve Faye , Eddie Flanagan , Stu Francis , Ken Goodwin , Jackie Hamilton , Jerry Harris , George King , Bobby Knutt , Bernard Manning , Mike McCabe , Paul Melba , Mick Miller , Hal Nolan , Tom O'Connor , Tom Pepper , Bryn Phillips , Mike Reid , George Roper , Harry Scott , Sammy Thomas , Johnny Wager , Roy Walker , Charlie Williams , Lee Wilson and Lenny Windsor .   Also featured on the TV show , were Shep 's Banjo Boys , a 7-piece band comprising ( for the first 5 series ) Charlie Bentley ( tenor banjo ) , John Drury ( sousaphone ) , Andy Holdorf ( trombone ) , John Orchard ( piano ) , John Rollings ( drums ) , Graham Shepherd ( banjo ) and Howard Shepherd ( lead banjo ) . In 1973 , the line up was Mike Dexter ( banjo ) , Tony `` Tosh '' Kennedy ( sousaphone ) , Ged Martin ( drums ) , Tony Pritchard ( trombone ) , Graham Shepherd ( banjo ) and Howard `` Shep '' Shepherd ( lead banjo ) .   The Comedians began as an experiment for Granada TV . Filmed before a live audience in Manchester , comics each performed 20-minute sets , which were then edited together into half-hour shows . Each edition featured up to ten stand-up comics .   Working men 's clubs are numerous in Britain , especially in North East England and have been a useful training ground for artists , especially comedians . Most of these clubs are affiliated to the CIU ( Working Men 's Club and Institute Union ) founded in 1862 by the Rev. Henry Solly . There are also political clubs , as well as Servicemen 's Clubs affiliated to the Royal British Legion .   It was remarkably popular during the earlier series . An LP recording of the show reached the best-seller charts , several sell-out national tours followed , including a season at the London Palladium , and the programme won the Critics ' circle Award .   The comedy frequently took the form of anecdotes or jokes and often involved racist or sexist stereotypes . Like other British comedy successes of the day , notably , Love Thy Neighbour , this kind of entertainment was acceptable on British television during this period but would not be so today . Viewing the series in retrospect it stands as a major social document of the times .   In recent years , the series has been repeated on the ( now defunct ) British satellite television channel Plus , and can now be bought on DVD , having been released by Network .

neg: Country Grammar Country Grammar is the debut studio album by American rapper Nelly . It was released on June 27 , 2000 , by Universal Records ( who released the album after listening to demos by Nelly , before signing a record deal with the rapper in 1999 ) . The production on the album was handled by Jason `` Jay E '' Epperson , with additional production by C-Love , Kevin Law , City Spud , Steve `` Blast '' Wills and Basement Beats . Nelly contributed to all lyrics on the album , with Epperson and City Spud also contributing . The album introduced a unique Saint Louis , Midwestern sound , and introduces Nelly 's vocal style of pop-rap singalongs and Midwestern , Missouri twang . It was supported four successful singles : `` Country Grammar ( Hot Shit ) '' , `` E.I. '' , `` Ride wit Me '' and `` Batter Up '' . Its lead single , `` Country Grammar ( Hot Shit ) '' , peaked at number 7 on the Billboard Hot 100 and UK Singles Chart . `` E.I. '' charted at number 16 , number 12 and number 11 on the Hot 100 , UK Singles Chart and ARIA Singles Chart , respectively . `` Ride wit Me '' peaked within the top five on the Hot 100 , ARIA Singles Chart , Irish Singles Chart and UK Singles Chart . The album 's fourth and final single , `` Batter Up '' featuring Murphy Lee and Ali , achieved moderate chart success .   Country Grammar received positive reviews , with critics praising Nelly 's vocal style and the album 's production . It topped the US Billboard 200 chart for five consecutive weeks , and the US Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums chart for six consecutive weeks . It peaked in the top five on the New Zealand Albums Chart and Australian Albums Chart , as well as the top ten on the Canadian Albums Chart and Dutch Albums Chart . The album was certified three times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of New Zealand ( RIANZ ) and Music Canada ( MC ) , denoting shipments of 45,000 and 300,000 copies , respectively .   In 2016 , Country Grammar became the ninth hip hop album to be certified Diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , denoting shipment of 10 million copies in the US . Its commercial success secured Nelly 's status as one of the most successful hip hop acts of the 2000s decade . On Billboard decade-end chart , Nelly ranked as the third most successful act of the 2000s decade , due largely to the success of Country Grammar and his follow-up album Nellyville ( 2002 ) .

neg: The Lawrence Welk Show The Lawrence Welk Show is an American televised musical variety show hosted by big band leader Lawrence Welk . The series aired locally in Los Angeles for four years , from 1951 to 1955 , then nationally for another 27 years on ABC from 1955 to 1971 , and in first-run syndication from 1971 to 1982 .  Repeat episodes are broadcast in the United States by Public Broadcasting Service ( PBS ) stations . These airings incorporate an original program -- usually , a color broadcast from 1965 through 1982 -- in its entirety . In place of the commercials , newer performance and interview clips from the original stars and/or a family member of the performers are included ; these clips are occasionally updated .

neg: The Late Show The Late Show may refer to :   The Late Show is an umbrella title used by numerous local television stations in North America from the 1950s to the 1990s for their late night broadcasts of old movies  Late Show ( CBS TV series ) , an American television talk show broadcast on CBS since 1993 , formerly hosted by David Letterman , and currently hosted by Stephen Colbert .  Late Show with David Letterman ( 1993 -- 2015 )  The Late Show with Stephen Colbert ( 2015 -- present )  The Late Show ( Australian TV series ) , the Australian comedy television show of 1992 -- 1993  The Late Show ( Fox TV series ) , ( 1986-1988 ) a late-night American talk show broadcast by the Fox Network starring Joan Rivers for its first seven months followed by Arsenio Hall in 1987 and then Ross Shafer in 1988 and guest hosts at various times .  The Late Show a late night entertainment and talk show which currently airs in Scotland on STV Glasgow from 2015  The Late Show ( BBC TV series ) , a British arts series which aired from late 1989 to 1995  The Late Show ( CBC radio ) , a radio documentary program about obituaries  The Late Show ( film ) , a film from 1977 written and directed by Robert Benton  Late Show , a 1999 German film by director Helmut Dietl  The Late Show ( album ) , a live album by jazz saxophonists Eddie `` Lockjaw '' Davis and Johnny Griffin recorded in 1961  The Late Show ( 1950s TV series ) , a 1957 -- 1959 Australian television variety series

neg: Empire (2015 TV series) Empire is an American musical drama television series created by Lee Daniels and Danny Strong which debuted on January 7 , 2015 on Fox . Although it is filmed in Chicago , the show is set in New York . It centers on a fictional hip hop music and entertainment company , Empire Entertainment , and the drama among the members of the founders ' family as they fight for control of it .   On January 15 , 2016 , the series was renewed for a third season , which premiered on September 21 , 2016 . On January 11 , 2017 , Fox renewed the series for a fourth season , consisting of eighteen episodes .

neg: Kevin Kline Awards The Kevin Kline Awards were started in 2006 , to recognize outstanding achievement in professional theatre in the Greater St. Louis area . The awards are sponsored by PTAC , the Professional Theatre Awards Council , and were named in honor of Kevin Kline , a St. Louis native who has been the recipient of both Tony and Academy Awards .

neg: Laverne & Shirley Laverne & Shirley is an American sitcom that ran on ABC from January 27 , 1976 , to May 10 , 1983 . It starred Penny Marshall as Laverne DeFazio and Cindy Williams as Shirley Feeney , single roommates who work as bottlecappers in a fictitious Milwaukee brewery called Shotz Brewery . Among others , the series was known for Marshall and Williams ' physical comedy .   The show was a spin-off from Happy Days , as the two lead characters were originally introduced on that series as acquaintances of Fonzie ( Henry Winkler ) . Set in roughly the same time period , the timeline started in approximately 1958 , when the series began , through 1967 , when the series ended . As with Happy Days , it was made by Paramount Television , created by Garry Marshall ( along with Lowell Ganz and Mark Rothman ) and executive produced by Garry Marshall , Edward K. Milkis , and Thomas L. Miller .

neg: The Looney Tunes Show The Looney Tunes Show is an American animated sitcom that ran from May 3 , 2011 , through August 31 , 2014 , on Cartoon Network . The show consist of two series , each containing 26 episodes , and features characters from the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies theatrical cartoons updated for the 21st century . It is produced by Warner Bros. . Animation . On July 29 , 2014 , producer Tony Cervone confirmed that the series would not be renewed for a third season in light of Wabbit . Looney Tunes : Rabbits Run is an animated direct-to-video spin-off film released on August 4 , 2015 .

neg: J. C. Johnson Jay Cee Johnson ( September 14 , 1896 -- February 27 , 1981 ) , usually known as J. C. Johnson and in some sources , mistakenly , as James C. Johnson ( not to be confused with his near-contemporary James P. Johnson ) , was an American pianist and songwriter , best known for his collaborations with Fats Waller and Bessie Smith .   He was born in Chicago , and moved to New York City in the early 1920s . He began working as a session pianist with singer Ethel Waters , who sang his first recorded song as a writer , `` You Ca n't Do What My Last Man Did '' in 1923 . He then diversified into songwriting , working with lyricists including Henry Creamer and Andy Razaf . Waters recorded several more J.C. Johnson songs and collaborations , including the first version of `` Trav ` lin All Alone '' , subsequently recorded by dozens of artists including Billie Holiday and Billy Eckstine . By 1928 he had begun working with Fats Waller , often contributing lyrics to Waller 's music . His first song with Waller was `` I 'm `` Goin Huntin '' , written in 1927 and recorded by Louie Armstrong , and together they wrote a Broadway show , Keep Shufflin '' ' . ( The preceding information is wrong . It was James P. Johnson who co-wrote `` Keep Shufflin '' with Fats Waller . See : James P. and J.C. were often confused for each other , and were friends via Fats Waller . The above illustrates how James P. and J.C. continue to be confused with each other . ) About this time , he also reportedly used the pseudonym Harry Burke , who was originally credited as the writer of the song `` Me and My Gin '' , recorded in 1928 by Bessie Smith and later recorded by many artists under the title `` Gin House Blues '' ( with the composition later often credited , apparently in error , to Fletcher Henderson ) . In 1929 , he took part as a musician in a collaboration between Italian-American guitarist Eddie Lang and the blues guitarist Lonnie Johnson , together with King Oliver and Hoagy Carmichael , which was given the name `` Blind Willie Dunn & His Gin Bottle Four '' in order to disguise the inter-racial nature of the group . Among the many artists in the 20s and 30s who sang and recorded his tunes were Ella Fitzgerald , whose first three recorded songs were co-written by Johnson , Connie Boswell , Mamie Smith , Clarence Williams , and Lonnie Johnson . J.C. also had his own band , J.C. Johnson and his Five Hot Sparks and played piano on many other artists ' recordings .   In 1930 , he wrote a flop Broadway musical , Change Your Luck , which starred Hamtree Harrington and Alberta Hunter . He had greater success , however , in writing songs for Bessie Smith - including `` Black Mountain Blues '' , `` Haunted House Blues '' , and `` Empty Bed Blues '' ( later recorded by LaVern Baker ) - and for Fats Waller - including `` Believe It , Beloved '' , `` Rhythm and Romance '' , and `` You Stayed Away Too Long '' . Some of his songs in this period , including two hits for the Boswell Sisters , `` That 's How Rhythm Was Born '' and `` Do n't Let Your Love Go Wrong '' , were written in collaboration with Nat Burton and George Whiting . He also worked with Fats Waller and Andy Razaf both separately and together , the three being co-credited for one of Waller 's biggest hits , `` The Joint Is Jumpin ' '' . Johnson also wrote for Chick Webb 's band , which at the time featured singer Ella Fitzgerald , his compositions including `` Spinnin ' the Webb '' , `` Crying My Heart Out for You '' , and `` You Ca n't Be Mine ( And Someone Else 's Too ) '' .   During World War II , Johnson volunteered as an ambulance driver for the U.S. Army . During this time , he and Andy Razaf wrote `` Yankee Doodle Tan '' , honoring the African American soldiers of World War Two , which appeared in the movie Hit Parade of 1943 . After Waller 's death in 1943 , Johnson moved to St. Albans , Queens . He wrote for the Ink Spots and for a time acted as their manager . In the early 1950s , he created theatrical shows including The Year Round , which played in Harlem and was notable for being one of the first shows that Brock Peters performed in ( under the name of George Fisher ) ; and , in 1953 , Jazz Train . After first playing in a night club at 49th and Broadway , it was taken to London 's West End , where it was retooled into a large musical review , playing the Piccadilly Theatre and two command performances for the Queen , before touring England and Europe for three years .   Johnson then moved to the village of Wurtsboro in upstate New York . In the 1970s , he enjoyed the renewed interest in his songs , which appeared in many movies and revues and were recorded by artists such as Bette Midler , Bobby Short and Della Reese . He died in 1981 at the age of 84 .   In the fall of 2010 , the New York Music Theater Festival will present Trav ` lin '' , a new romantic musical featuring 20 songs written by J.C. Johnson .

neg: Louie Rankin Louie Rankin ( born Leonard Ford ) is a Jamaican dancehall reggae artist and actor .   Leonard Ford was born in St. Thomas , Jamaica and grew up in Rockfort , Warika Hill and East Kingston . His most successful song was the single `` Typewriter , '' released in 1992 . In his lyrics , Rankin often refers to himself as the `` Original Don Dada , '' a term used by many of his dancehall competitors , such as Super Cat .   Rankin also performed in noticeable acting roles as a Jamaican `` gangsta '' , in the movies Shottas and Belly . Rankin is a member of the Screen Actors Guild .

neg: Rock 'n' Roll Million Sellers Rock 'n' Roll Million Sellers is a studio album recorded by American entertainer Connie Francis . It was issued on the Contour label ( 2870 383 ) as Connie Francis Sings the Million Sellers .   The album is a tribute to the then-current rock 'n' roll-stars of the era , such as Elvis Presley and Fats Domino . The album 's only original recording was `` Lipstick on Your Collar '' , which became a number 7 hit for Francis on the US pop chart in 1959 .

neg: Jay E Jason Lee `` Jay E '' Epperson is a St. Louis-born record producer and DJ . Jay E rose to fame as the main producer of rapper Nelly 's multi-platinum 2000 album Country Grammar which has sold more than 10 million copies worldwide .   Jay E 's DJ experience started at a local St. Louis roller skating rink where he met future St. Lunatics member Ali . It was Ali who introduced Jay E to the St. Lunatics , which eventually led to Jay E producing St. Lunatic 's member Nelly 's first solo album Country Grammar .   The December 2000 issue of Billboard magazine listed Jay E as number 16 of the Top 100 Producers and number 19 of the Top 100 R&B / Hip-Hop Producers of 2000 . On June 7 , 2001 , Jay E was presented with two awards from ASCAP for co-writing Nelly 's single `` Country Grammar ( Hot Shit ) '' .   Jay E has gone on to work with artists such as Joss Stone , Murphy Lee , Three 6 Mafia and Dirt Nasty Sux . Currently , Jay E splits his time between studio production and live DJ sets at various St. Louis and Hollywood clubs .

neg: St. Louis Beacon The St. Louis Beacon was an online-only news site in the greater St. Louis area . Several of the site 's founders include former reporters and editors from the St. Louis Post-Dispatch . Funded largely by outside donations , the Beacon had 15 paid staffers and dozens of outside contributors .   Beacon coverage trends toward public issues rather than news events . As an example , the St. Louis Journalism Review points to the Beacon '' 's lack of coverage of St. Louis Cardinals ' player Albert Pujols ' calf injury in June 2008 . By contrast , the site , in conjunction with local public television station KETC , reported heavily on the local effects of the mortgage crisis .   The Beacon was organized in 2007 , and launched online in March 2008 . At that time it was called the St. Louis Platform . In April 2008 , its name was changed to the St. Louis Beacon .   Effective December 10 , 2013 , the St. Louis Beacon merged with St. Louis Public Radio . The Beacon home page refers readers to the St. Louis Public Radio News web site for staff members ' current work , indicating the end of news publishing as the St. Louis Beacon . It was stated that the St. Louis Beacon '' site will remain online , to provide archive access , until the archive material becomes available elsewhere .

neg: Louis Elliman Louis Elliman ( 1906 -- 1965 ) , was an Irish impresario and theatre manager .   Elliman was born in Dublin , a son of Maurice Elliman , who had fled from Tsarist persecution in Russia . He was educated at Synge Street CBS .   His father became involved in cinema by establishing the Theatre De Luxe in Camden St. in 1912 . After university Louis started work at a pharmacy but after a few years gave that up to become a film agent in London . In the meantime Maurice acquired Dublin 's Gaiety Theatre , which was passed on to Louis .   In the early 1930s , Louis Elliman sold a 50 % share in the Gaiety to entrepreneur Patrick Wall , a Clare man . The pair also owned the Metropole and the Savoy cinemas . Along with Patrick Wall , Elliman acquired the Theatre Royal , Dublin in 1936 . With the outbreak of the Second World War , Wall and Elliman were forced to keep the two theatres going with native talent only . This led to the emergence of a raft of Irish acts who were to provide the mainstay of the Royal 's output for the remainder of its existence . These included such Irish household names as Jimmy O'Dea , Harry O'Donovan , Maureen Potter , Danny Cummins , Mike Nolan , Alice Dalgarno , Noel Purcell , Micheál MacLiammoir , Cecil Sheridan , Jack Cruise , Paddy Crosbie and Patricia Cahill . In July 1951 Judy Garland appeared for a series of sold out performances at the Royal and was received with tremendous ovations . The legendary singer sang from her dressing room window to hundreds of people who were unable to get tickets and critics dubbed her `` America 's Colleen '' Popular Irish American entertainer Carmel Quinn also made her singing debut in the Theatre Royal during the early 1950s .   After a spell acquiring cinemas around the country , which were taken over by the Rank Organization , Louis went into film production . In 1957 he opened Ardmore Studios . With managing director Emmet Dalton he travelled to the US to promote the studios and to acquire foreign investment . The studios accordingly landed its first major foreign booking with 1959 's Shake Hands with the Devil , starring Oscar winner James Cagney and Dana Wynter . A year later progress was consolidated when Robert Mitchum appeared in Tay Garnett 's `` A Terrible Beauty '' . In 1961 , Ardmore Studios hosted the controversial `` The Mark '' , directed by Guy Green , which was nominated for the Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival and earned its star , Stuart Whitman , an Oscar nomination . Other films produced at this time include Don Chaffey 's The Webster Boys and `` Johnny Nobody '' with Cyril Cusack . Hammer Films also utilised the studios as a base for their production , The Viking Queen . The studios went into receivership in 1963 but re-opened later .   Under pressure from rising overheads and the increasing popularity of the cinema and the introduction of television , the Theatre Royal closed its doors on 30 June 1962 .   By this time Louis was dogged by bad health and died in 1965 .

neg: I Wan'na Be like You (The Monkey Song) `` I Wan ` na Be like You '' is a song from Walt Disney 's 1967 film The Jungle Book . The song was written by songwriters Robert and Richard Sherman and was performed by Louis Prima .   Richard Sherman said he and his brother aimed for a jazz sound , with a Dixieland-like melody . He added that `` When we first got an idea for ' I Wan ` na Be Like You , ' we said an ape swings from a tree , and he 's the king of apes . We 'll make him ` the king of the swingers . ' That 's the idea , we 'll make him a jazz man . '' Once Prima was invited to do the song , he mockingly responded to the Shermans with `` You want make a monkey out of ? You got me ! '' The instrumentals were originally recorded by Prima -- who also played the trumpet -- and his band , Sam Butera & The Witnesses , but the music was replaced by one written by the film 's composer , George Bruns , and orchestrated by Walter Sheets . The `` scat dialogue '' between Baloo and King Louie was the result of two recording sessions . Louis Prima recorded first , with the intent that Baloo -- played in his recording by Butera -- would simply repeat what Louie scatted , but Phil Harris decided not to imitate Prima 's recording and made up his own . The song was released the same date as the motion picture itself .

neg: KO Nation KO Nation is an American television series which featured up-and-coming boxers in a hip-hop format . Shown on HBO on Saturday afternoons throughout 2000 and 2001 , the show featured dancers and hip-hop performances , and was hosted by Fran Charles and Kevin Kelley . Ed Lover was the `` face '' of the show , and was the ring announcer . The show ultimately failed to attract its target audience and drew low ratings , and was cancelled in 2001 .

neg: St. Louis Blues (1929 film) St. Louis Blues is a 1929 American two-reel short film starring Bessie Smith . The early sound film features Smith in an African-American speakeasy of the prohibition era singing the W. C. Handy standard , `` St. Louis Blues '' . Directed by Dudley Murphy , it is the only known film of Bessie Smith , and the soundtrack is her only recording not controlled by Columbia Records .   Bessie Smith had a hit on the song in 1925 and Handy himself asked Bessie Smith to appear in the movie . Handy co-authored the film and was the musical director . The film was a dramatization of the song , a woman left alone by her roving man . It features a band that included James P. Johnson on piano , Thomas Morris and Joe Smith on cornet , as well as the Hall Johnson Choir with some thrilling harmonies at the end .   The film has an all African-American cast . Bessie Smith co-stars with the dancer and actor Jimmy Mordecai as the boyfriend and Isabel Washington Powell as the other woman .   It was filmed in June 1929 in Astoria , Queens . The film is about 16 minutes long . In 2006 , this version was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' .

neg: Lester Sill Lester Sill ( January 13 , 1918 -- October 31 , 1994 ) was an American record label executive , best remembered as Phil Spector 's partner in Philles Records ( the name came from the first parts of their names , Phil and Les ) , and also as the head of both Colpix Records and the later Colgems Records . His three sons are music supervisors in the film and TV businesses : Joel Sill , Greg Sill and Lonnie Sill . His stepson Chuck Kaye is a longtime music publishing executive .   Sill was an omnipresent force in the development of West Coast R&B and rock & roll , shepherding the fledgling career of the influential songwriting team of Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller before teaming with the legendary producer Phil Spector to found Philles Records , the premier U.S. pop label of the early '60s . Born January 13 , 1918 , in Los Angeles , Sill first entered show business as a nightclub owner , but in 1945 joined the sales and promotion staff of the Bihari brothers ' Modern Records , later producing sessions for R&B acts including Charles Brown and Hadda Brooks . In 1950 Sill met Leiber in the L.A. record shop where the aspiring lyricist worked as a retail clerk and suggested he find a partner who could read and write music , spurring the beginning of Leiber 's collaboration with Mike Stoller . Sill also produced the 1951 Jimmy Witherspoon effort `` Real Ugly Woman , '' the first recorded Leiber and Stoller collaboration . That same year Sill and Federal Records producer/talent scout Ralph Bass formed a PR agency , Brisk Enterprises , and following the success of the duo 's Big Mama Thornton hit `` Hound Dog '' , he teamed with Leiber and Stoller in late 1953 to create Spark Records as well as their own publishing firm , Quintet Music , Inc. .   Spark enjoyed immediate success with The Robins ' R&B smash `` Riot in Cell Block # 9 '' . The group 's follow-up , `` Smokey Joe 's Café , '' proved an even bigger hit , in fact too big for the small label to handle . So in 1955 Spark sold its catalog to Atlantic Records , which in turn named Sill its national sales manager while giving Leiber and Stoller an independent production deal . While the deal prompted the breakup of The Robins , members Carl Gardner and Bobby Nunn continued on as The Coasters , with Sill serving as their manager . The Coasters would emerge as one of the most popular R&B acts of the late '50s , generating a series of wry Leiber and Stoller-penned hits including `` Down in Mexico '' , `` Yakety Yak '' , and `` Charlie Brown '' ; Sill also enjoyed chart success teaming with producer-songwriter Lee Hazlewood on 1958 's `` Rebel Rouser '' , the most notable of the 15 Top 40 instrumentals headlined by the renowned guitarist Duane Eddy and issued on the Dick Clark-owned Jamie label . In late 1959 , Sill and Hazlewood formed Trey Records , a Hollywood-based imprint distributed by Atlantic . The label 's signings included 18-year-old wunderkind Phil Spector , then fresh off the success of his group The Teddy Bears ' chart-topping pop classic `` To Know Him Is to Love Him . '' Spector produced several Trey sides . None were hits , but Kell Osborne 's 1960 release `` The Bells of St. Mary 's '' bears all the dramatic hallmarks that would later define his trademark Wall of Sound aesthetic .   At the end of 1961 , Sill and Hazlewood shut down Trey but quickly formed a new label , Gregmark , as a vehicle for The Paris Sisters , an Andrews Sisters-inspired sibling vocal trio with a series of little-heard Decca singles under its belt . Sill insisted on a top-to-bottom overhaul of their approach , prompting Spector to relegate Albeth and Sherrell Paris to the background while turning the spotlight on youngest sibling Priscilla , insisting she dial back her powerful voice to a dusky whisper . While the Paris Sisters ' Gregmark debut `` Be My Boy '' earned little notice , the follow-up , `` I Love How You Love Me , '' cracked the U.S. Top Five , galvanized by Priscilla 's intimate lead turn and Spector 's atypically restrained production . Spector then began work on a Paris Sisters LP , but as production costs began to skyrocket , Sill attempted to exert control of the project . Their skirmish ended disastrously when , according to Sill , one of his assistants accidentally discarded the master tapes , although rumors persist of a far more nefarious outcome . At the same time Sill 's partnership with the tempestuous Hazlewood collapsed , and despite their differences , in late 1961 Sill and Spector inaugurated their own label , Philles , immediately reaching the Top 20 with the company 's debut release , The Crystals ' `` There 's No Other ( Like My Baby ) . '' Its 1962 follow-up , `` Uptown , '' was Spector 's first true tour de force , capturing the Wall of Sound in full gallop .   By mid-1962 Philles was the most successful independent label in the U.S. , scoring a series of Spector-produced classics including the Crystals ' `` He 's a Rebel '' and `` Then He Kissed Me , '' Bob B. Soxx & the Blue Jeans ' `` Zip-a-Dee-Doo-Dah '' and The Ronettes ' `` Be My Baby . '' But as Spector 's fame and renown grew , so did his notorious ego , and as he exerted more and more of his mercurial will over Philles ' business dealings , his relationship with Sill disintegrated . Spector eventually forced his mentor out of the company altogether , buying out Sill for a paltry $ 60,000 ( reportedly never even paid ) and decisively terminating their partnership with the never-released Crystals recording '' ( Let 's Dance ) The Screw . '' After over a year in seclusion , in 1964 Sill resurfaced as a consultant to Screen Gems-Columbia Music president Don Kirshner . Although the position was temporary , he ended up staying with the company for over two decades , eventually taking over Kirshner 's position . In 1985 Sill was named president and CEO of Jobete Music , the publishing arm of Berry Gordy , Jr. 's Motown empire . He remained with Jobete until his death in Los Angeles on October 31 , 1994 .

neg: Louis Mitchell Louis A. Mitchell ( December 17 , 1885 -- September 2 , 1957 ) was an American jazz drummer and bandleader .   Mitchell began performing in vaudeville revues and minstrel shows from around the turn of the century , playing drums and bandoline . After moving to New York City in 1912 , he founded his own group , the Southern Symphonists ' Quartet . Mitchell sang and drummed for James Reese Europe in 1918 , and the following year founded a new group , which he called Louis Mitchell 's Jazz Kings . Toward the end of the decade , Mitchell began touring Europe as well as the United States , concentrating on the United Kingdom and France . He did solo percussion shows in addition to ensemble programs , and his drum solos were greeted harshly by French audiences . Nevertheless , his ensemble spent five years as the house band of the Casino de Paris .   He recorded for Pathe Records in 1922 and 1923 ; Sidney Bechet played with him at this time , though Bechet did not appear on the recordings . Mitchell remained in France into the 1940s , branching into casino , restaurant and nightclub management in addition to music . He moved back to the United States after World War II , but played little in his last decade .

neg: Hawk Koch Howard Winchel `` Hawk '' Koch , Jr. ( born December 14 , 1945 ) is an American film producer and a former road manager for the musical groups The Supremes and The Dave Clark Five .