query: Taiwan did not change from a one-party military dictatorship to a multi-party democracy in the 1980s and early 1990s.

pos: Taiwan Taiwan ( -LSB- taɪˈwɑːn -RSB- ) , officially the Republic of China ( ROC ) , is a state in East Asia . Its neighbours include China ( officially the People 's Republic of China , PRC ) to the west , Japan to the northeast , and the Philippines to the south .  Taiwan is the most populous state that is not a member of the United Nations , and also possesses the largest economy of any state outside of the UN .   The island of Taiwan , also known as Formosa , was mainly inhabited by Taiwanese aborigines before the 17th century , when Dutch and Spanish colonies opened the island to Han Chinese immigration . After a brief rule by the Kingdom of Tungning , the island was annexed by the Qing dynasty , the last dynasty of China . The Qing ceded Taiwan to Japan in 1895 after the Sino-Japanese War . While Taiwan was under Japanese rule , the Republic of China ( ROC ) was established on the mainland in 1912 after the fall of the Qing dynasty . Following the Japanese surrender to the Allies in 1945 , the ROC took control of Taiwan . However , the resumption of the Chinese Civil War led to the ROC 's loss of the mainland to the Communists , and the flight of the ROC government to Taiwan in 1949 . Although the ROC continued to claim to be the legitimate government of China , its effective jurisdiction since 1949 has been limited to Taiwan and its surrounding islands , with the main island making up 99 % of its de facto territory . As a founding member of the United Nations , the ROC continued to represent China at the United Nations until 1971 , when the PRC assumed China 's seat , causing the ROC to lose its UN membership .   In the early 1960s , Taiwan entered a period of rapid economic growth and industrialization , creating a stable industrial economy . In the 1980s and early 1990s , it changed from a one-party military dictatorship dominated by the Kuomintang to a multi-party democracy with a semi-presidential system . Taiwan is the 22nd-largest economy in the world , and its high-tech industry plays a key role in the global economy . It is ranked highly in terms of freedom of the press , healthcare , public education , economic freedom , and human development . The country benefits from a highly skilled workforce and is among the most highly educated countries in the world with one of the highest percentages of its citizens holding a tertiary education degree .   The PRC has consistently claimed sovereignty over Taiwan and asserted the ROC is no longer in legitimate existence . Under its One-China Policy the PRC refused diplomatic relations with any country that recognizes the ROC . Today only a few smaller nations recognize the ROC as the sole legal representative of China , but many other states maintain unofficial ties through representative offices and institutions that function as de facto embassies and consulates . Although Taiwan is fully self-governing , most international organizations in which the PRC participates either refuse to grant membership to Taiwan or allow it to participate only as a non-state actor . Internally , the major division in politics is between the aspirations of eventual Chinese unification or Taiwanese independence , though both sides have moderated their positions to broaden their appeal . The PRC has threatened the use of military force in response to any formal declaration of independence by Taiwan or if PRC leaders decide that peaceful unification is no longer possible .

neg: Government of Japan The government of Japan is a constitutional monarchy in which the power of the Emperor is limited and is relegated primarily to ceremonial duties . As in many other states , the Government is divided into three branches : the Executive branch , the Legislative branch and the Judicial branch .   The Government runs under the framework established by the Constitution of Japan , adopted in 1947 . It is a unitary state , containing forty-seven administrative divisions , with the Emperor as its head of state . His role is ceremonial and he has no powers related to Government . Instead , it is the Cabinet , composing of the Ministers of State and the Prime Minister , that directs and controls the Government . The Cabinet is the source of power of the Executive branch , and is formed by the Prime Minister , who is the head of government . He or she is designated by the National Diet and appointed to office by the Emperor .   The National Diet is the legislature , the organ of the Legislative branch . It is bicameral , consisting of two houses with the House of Councillors being the upper house , and the House of Representatives being the lower house . Its members are directly elected from the people , who are the source of sovereignty . The Supreme Court and other inferior courts make up the Judicial branch , and they are independent from the executive and the legislative branches .

neg: Japanese general election, 2009 A general election for the Japanese House of Representatives was held on August 30 , 2009 . The opposition Democratic Party ( DPJ ) defeated the ruling coalition ( Liberal Democratic Party ( LDP ) and New Komeito Party ) in a sweeping victory , winning 221 of the 300 electoral districts and receiving 42.4 % of the proportional block votes for another 87 seats , a total of 308 seats to only 119 for the LDP ( 64 districts and 26.7 % of the proportional votes ) .   Under Japan 's constitution , this result virtually assured DPJ leader Yukio Hatoyama would be the next Prime Minister of Japan . He was formally named to the post on September 16 , 2009 . Prime Minister Taro Aso conceded late on the night of August 30 , 2009 that the LDP had lost control of the government , and announced his resignation as party president . A leadership election was held on September 28 , 2009 .   The 2009 election was the first time since World War II that voters mandated a change in control of the government to an opposition political party . It marked the worst defeat for a governing party in modern Japanese history , was only the second time the LDP lost a general election since its formation in 1955 , and was the first time that the LDP lost its status as the largest party in the lower house ; the only other break in LDP control since 1955 had been for a 3-year period from 1993 to 1996 ( first 11 months in opposition , then participating in a coalition government under a Socialist prime minister ) .

neg: Taiwan Democratic Self-Government League The Taiwan Democratic Self-Government League is one of the eight legally recognised political parties in the People 's Republic of China that follow the direction of the Communist Party of China and are member of the Chinese People 's Political Consultative Conference . It was formed in Hong Kong on November 1947 by members of the Taiwanese Communist Party who survived the February 28 Incident .   The Taiwan Democratic Self Government League has a membership of 2,100 people , most of whom are prominent people that are from Taiwan or are of Taiwanese heritage , but now reside on the mainland .

neg: Taiwanization Taiwanization , also known as the Taiwanese localization movement , is a conceptual term used in Taiwan to emphasize the importance of a ( separate ) Taiwanese culture , society , economy , nationality , and identity rather than to regard Taiwan as solely an appendage of China . This involves the teaching of the history of Taiwan , geography , and culture from a Taiwan-centric perspective , as well as promoting languages locally established in Taiwan , including Taiwanese Hokkien ( Taiwanese ) , Hakka , and aboriginal languages .   Originally part of the Taiwan independence movement and related to the Taiwan Name Rectification Campaign , some of Taiwanization 's aims are now endorsed by some supporters of Chinese Unification on Taiwan .   The localization movement has been expressed in forms such as the use of language or dialect in the broadcast media and entire channels devoted to aboriginal and Hakka affairs . Textbooks have been rewritten by scholars to more prominently emphasize Taiwan . The political compromise that has been reached is to teach both the history of Taiwan and the history of mainland China .   Some Taiwanese-owned companies or organizations established in earlier times have names containing the words `` China '' or `` Chinese '' . They have been encouraged in recent years to change the word `` China '' in their names to `` Taiwan '' as an act of Taiwanization . This campaign for changing the names is known as the `` Name Rectification Campaign '' or `` Taiwan Name Rectification '' . Many Taiwan-based companies in international sectors already identify themselves as `` Taiwan '' - based for clarity 's sake . This keeps international customers from confusing them with an enterprise based in the People 's Republic of China . Other Taiwan-based companies decline to change to a `` Taiwanese '' name because of expense or the political views held by important clients and company leaders .

neg: Pro-Beijing camp Pro-Beijing camp , pro-China camp or pro-establishment camp refers to a political alignment in Hong Kong which generally supports the policies of the Beijing government towards Hong Kong . The term `` pro-establishment camp '' is regularly in use to label the boarder segment of the Hong Kong political arena which has the closer relationship with the establishment , namely the Government of the People 's Republic of China ( PRC ) and the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region ( HKSAR ) . It is also portrayed as the `` Patriotic Front '' by the pro-Beijing media and sometimes portrayed as `` loyalists '' by the pro-democracy camp .   The pro-Beijing evolved from Hong Kong 's pro-Communist faction , which was often called the `` leftists '' , who have had a long history of following directions of the Communist Party of China ( CPC ) towards Hong Kong . It launched the 1967 Leftist Riots against the British colonial rule in Hong Kong and had a long rivalry with the pro-Kuomintang bloc . After the Sino-British Joint Declaration was signed in 1984 , affirming Chinese sovereignty over Hong Kong from 1997 , the traditional leftists realigned itself and formed a `` United Front '' with the conservative pro-business elites to counter the emergence of the pro-democracy camp in the 1990s and ensure a smooth transition of the Hong Kong sovereignty in Beijing 's interest .   Since the handover in 1997 , the pro-Beijing camp has become the major supporting force of the Hong Kong government and maintained control of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong ( LegCo ) , with the advantages in the indirectly elected functional constituencies . It generally embraces the conservative values politically , socially and economically and Chinese nationalistic and patriotic sentiments .

neg: Taiwan legislative election, 2008 The 7th Legislative elections were held on January 12 , 2008 in Taiwan . The results gave the Kuomintang ( KMT ) and the Pan-Blue Coalition a supermajority ( 86 of the 113 seats ) in the legislature , handing a heavy defeat to then-President Chen Shui-bian 's Democratic Progressive Party , which won the remaining 27 seats only . The junior partner in the Pan-Green Coalition , the Taiwan Solidarity Union , won no seats .   These elections elected the first set of legislators to serve a longer four-year term in the Legislative Yuan , after an amendment in the Constitution in 2005 , which intended to synchronize the legislative and presidential elections and reduce the size of the Legislative Yuan by half ( see Taiwan National Assembly election , 2005 ) . Two transitional justice referendums , both of which failed to pass due to low turnout , were held at the same time .

neg: Vote allocation Vote allocation is a system of tactical voting used in the Republic of China on Taiwan from the late-1990s , after which the voting system is to be changed from single non-transferable vote to a parallel voting system . In this system , voters are asked to vote for a party candidate based on items such as their day of birthday so as to evenly distribute votes . In districts where a party is running two candidates , males may be asked to vote for one candidate and females for another to insure even distribution . It was also practice in Japan and South Korea , where the SNTV system were used .   Hong Kong political parties started to adopt this strategy since 2000 to overcome the effect of the largest remainder system with Hare quota combined with small constituencies ( 5 - to 8-member in 2008 ) . They are able to get more seats with fewer votes by filling separate lists of candidates in the same constituencies .   Category : Elections  Category : Politics of Taiwan  Category : Elections in Hong Kong

neg: Chinese economic reform The Chinese economic reform refers to the program of economic reforms termed `` Socialism with Chinese characteristics '' in the People 's Republic of China ( PRC ) that was started in December 1978 by reformists within the Communist Party of China , led by Deng Xiaoping .   China had one of the world 's largest and most advanced economies prior to the nineteenth century . In the 18th century , Adam Smith claimed China had long been one of the richest , that is , one of the most fertile , best cultivated , most industrious , most prosperous and most urbanized countries in the world . The economy stagnated beginning in the 16th century and even declined in absolute terms in the nineteenth and much of the twentieth century , with a brief recovery in the 1930s .   Economic reforms introducing market principles began in 1978 and were carried out in two stages . The first stage , in the late 1970s and early 1980s , involved the decollectivization of agriculture , the opening up of the country to foreign investment , and permission for entrepreneurs to start businesses . However , most industry remained state-owned . The second stage of reform , in the late 1980s and 1990s , involved the privatization and contracting out of much state-owned industry and the lifting of price controls , protectionist policies , and regulations , although state monopolies in sectors such as banking and petroleum remained . The private sector grew remarkably , accounting for as much as 70 percent of China gross domestic product by 2005 . From 1978 until 2013 , unprecedented growth occurred , with the economy increasing by 9.5 % a year . The conservative Hu-Wen Administration more heavily regulated and controlled the economy after 2005 , reversing some reforms .   The success of China 's economic policies and the manner of their implementation has resulted in immense changes in Chinese society . Large-scale government planning programs alongside market characteristics have greatly decreased poverty , while incomes and income inequality have increased , leading to a backlash led by the New Left . In the academic scene , scholars have debated the reason for the success of the Chinese `` dual-track '' economy , and have compared them to attempts to reform socialism in the Eastern Bloc and the Soviet Union ; as well as the growth of other developing economies .

neg: Suiyuan Suiyuan was a historical province of China . Suiyuan 's capital was Guisui ( now Hohhot ) . The abbreviation was 綏 ( pinyin : suí ) . The area Suiyuan covered is approximated today by the prefecture-level cities of Hohhot , Baotou , Wuhai , Ordos , Bayan Nur , and parts of Ulaan Chab , all today part of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region . Suiyuan was named after a district in the capital established in the Qing Dynasty .   In the early 1930s Suiyuan was occupied by the Shanxi warlord Yan Xishan , who mined Suiyuan 's iron , reorganized the province 's finances , and brought over 4,000 acre of land under cultivation for the first time . Most of the work and settlement of Suiyuan at this time was done by Shanxi farmer-soldiers under the direction of retired officers from Yan 's army . Yan 's control of Suiyuan was sufficient to cause one visiting reporter to refer to Suiyuan as a `` colony '' of Shanxi .   The Suiyuan Campaign took place in Suiyuan during the Second Sino Japanese War . It became a part of the puppet state of Mengjiang from 1937 to 1945 under Japanese rule .   During the Chinese Civil War in 1935 , Communist leader Mao Zedong promised Mongol leaders a `` unified autonomous '' administration which would include all `` historic '' Mongol lands within China , in exchange for Mongol support against the Kuomintang . This promise included the declaration that `` Under no circumstances should other -LSB- non-Mongol ethnic groups -RSB- be allowed to occupy the land of the Inner Mongolian nation '' . But following the Communist victory in 1949 , the administrators of the soon-to-be `` Mongolian '' territories with Han Chinese majorities , the biggest of which was Suiyuan with a population of over 2 million , resisted annexation by the new Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region . In 1954 , Mao reached a compromise with Suiyuan , which involved the Mongols ' taking over the administration of Suiyuan , but stipulated that the Han natives not be expelled from the territory . Uradyn Bulag thus notes that `` ironically '' , the Mongols ' territorial ambitions against Suiyuan resulted in their becoming a `` small minority within their own -LSB- enlarged -RSB- autonomous region '' .

neg: Four-Stage Theory of the Republic of China The Four-Stage Theory of the Republic of China or the Theory of the Four Stages of the Republic of China is a viewpoint proposed by Chen Shui-bian , the President of the Republic of China ( Taiwan ) from 2000 to 2008 , in 2005 . It is a viewpoint regarding the political status of the Republic of China , whose government retreated to Taiwan after the Chinese Civil War in 1949 . The main idea of the theory is that the time line for the development of the Republic of China can be classified into four stages , which are :   The Republic of China on the mainland . ( Chinese : 中華民國在大陸 , Republic of China ( 1912 -- 49 ) ) ( 1912 -- 1949 )  The Republic of China arrival to Taiwan . ( Chinese : 中華民國來臺灣 ) ( before Lee Teng-hui 's presidency ) ( 1949 -- 1988 )  The Republic of China on Taiwan . ( Chinese : 中華民國在臺灣 ) ( during Lee Teng-hui 's presidency ) ( 1988 -- 2000 )  The Republic of China is Taiwan . ( Chinese : 中華民國是臺灣 ) ( during Chen Shui-bian 's presidency ) ( 2000 -- 2008 )

neg: South Africa–Taiwan relations South Africa -- Taiwan relations refers to the current and historical relationship between Taiwan and the Republic of South Africa . Taiwan and South Africa established diplomatic ties in 1949 .   The ties lasted and grew throughout the apartheid-era in South Africa and officially ended in January 1998 when South African President Nelson Mandela recognized the People 's Republic of China . Despite the ending of diplomatic relations , Taiwan and South Africa continue to maintain trade relations .   In the absence of formal diplomatic relations , the two countries now have `` Liaison Offices '' , which serve as de facto embassies . South Africa is now represented in Taipei by the Liaison Office of the Republic of South Africa . Similarly , Taiwan is represented by the Taipei Liaison Office in the Republic of South Africa in Pretoria . There is also a Taipei Liaison Office in Cape Town .

neg: Mainland Affairs Council The Mainland Affairs Council ( MAC ) is a cabinet-level administrative agency under the Executive Yuan of the Republic of China . The MAC is responsible for the planning , development , and implementation of policies between the Republic of China on Taiwan and the People 's Republic of China which administers mainland China , Hong Kong and Macau . The MAC counterpart body by the PRC is the Taiwan Affairs Office . Both states officially claim each other 's territory , however the Republic of China controls only Taiwan and surrounding islands , and therefore is usually known as `` Taiwan '' , sometimes referred to as the `` Free Area '' of the Republic of China by the Constitution of the Republic of China . The People 's Republic of China controls mainland China as well as Hong Kong , Macau , Hainan , and other islands and is therefore usually known simply as `` China '' .   The Mainland Affairs Council is administered by a cabinet level Minister . The current Minister is Katharine Chang .   The council plays an important role in setting policy and development of relations with mainland China and advising the central government . The agency funds and indirectly administers the Straits Exchange Foundation which is the official intermediary with the PRC .

neg: Politics of South Korea Politics of the Republic of Korea takes place in the framework of a presidential representative democratic republic , whereby the President is the head of state , and of a multi-party system . Executive power is exercised by the government . Legislative power is vested in both the government and the National Assembly . The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature and comprises a Supreme Court , appellate courts and a Constitutional Court . Since 1948 , the constitution has undergone five major revisions , each signifying a new republic . The current Sixth Republic began with the last major constitutional revision in 1987 .

neg: Protest and dissent in China In spite of restrictions on freedom of association and of speech , a wide variety of protests and dissident movements have proliferated in China , particularly in the decades since the death of Mao Zedong . Among the most notable of these were the 1959 Tibetan uprising against Communist Party rule , the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests , which was put down with military force , and the 25 April 1999 demonstration by 10,000 Falun Gong practitioners at Zhongnanhai . Protesters and dissidents in China espouse a wide variety of grievances , including corruption , forced evictions , unpaid wages , human rights abuses , environmental degradation , ethnic protests , petitioning for religious freedom and civil liberties , protests against one-party rule , as well as nationalist protests against foreign countries .   The number of annual protests has grown steadily since the early 1990s , from approximately 8700 `` mass group incidents '' in 1993 to over 87,000 in 2005 . In 2006 , the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences estimated the number of annual mass incidents to exceed 90,000 , and Chinese sociology professor Sun Liping estimated 180,000 incidents in 2010 . Mass incidents are defined broadly as `` planned or impromptu gathering that forms because of internal contradictions '' , and can include public speeches or demonstrations , physical clashes , public airings of grievances , and other group behaviors that are seen as disrupting social stability .   Despite the increase in protests , some scholars have argued that they may not pose an existential threat to Communist Party rule because they lack `` connective tissue ; '' the preponderance of protests in China are aimed at local-level officials , and only a select few dissident movements seek systemic change .

neg: Overseas Taiwanese Overseas Taiwanese , also called `` people of Taiwanese descent '' , are people who are living outside of Republic of China on Taiwan but are of Taiwanese ancestry or descent . Overseas Taiwanese may live in other territories such as the People 's Republic of China and are not necessarily Republic of China nationals .   Overseas Taiwanese may not have been born in or lived in the Republic of China . Some Overseas Taiwanese also consider themselves Overseas Chinese . In November 2014 the Taipei Times cited an estimate of 1 million Taiwanese living in mainland China .   Overseas citizens must return to Taiwan to legally vote in elections , as Taiwan does not use absentee ballots .   In the United States , there are 230,382 to 919,000 people of Taiwanese descent living in the country . They are mostly concentrated in California , New York , and Texas . There are over 91,000 Taiwanese people in Canada , mainly living in the provinces of British Columbia and Ontario .

neg: Corruption in China Corruption in China post-1949 lies in the `` organizational involution '' of the ruling party , including the Communist Party of China 's policies , institutions , norms , and failure to adapt to a changing environment in the post-Mao era caused by the market liberalization reforms initiated by Deng Xiaoping . Like other socialist economies that have undertaken economic reforms , such as post-Soviet Eastern Europe and Central Asia , reform-era China has experienced increasing levels of corruption .   Cadre corruption in China has been subject to significant media attention since Communist Party General Secretary Xi Jinping announced his Anti-corruption campaign following the 18th National Congress which was held in November 2012 . Despite this high-profile anti-graft drive , in 2014 China was ranked No. 100 in Transparency International 's Corruption Perceptions Index , which is 20 places lower than 2013 , when it ranked No. 80 . According to 2016 results of Corruption Perception Index of Transparency International , China ranks 79th place out of 176 countries . This puts China on par with Algeria and Suriname , and comparable to Armenia , Colombia , Egypt , Gabon , Liberia , Panama , Bolivia , Mexico , Moldova and Niger . China ranked less corrupt than neighbours Myanmar , Vietnam , Laos , North Korea , Russia , Kazakhstan , Kyrgyzstan , Tajikistan , Afghanistan , Pakistan and Nepal but more corrupt than neighbours Australia , New Zealand , Singapore , India , Bhutan , Macau , Hong Kong and Mongolia . Means of corruption include graft , bribery , embezzlement , backdoor deals , nepotism , patronage , and statistical falsification .   Public surveys on the mainland since the late 1980s have shown that it is among the top concerns of the general public . According to Yan Sun , Associate Professor of Political Science at the City University of New York , it was corruption , rather than democracy as such , that lay at the root of the social dissatisfaction that led to the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 . Corruption undermines the legitimacy of the CPC , adds to economic inequality , undermines the environment , and fuels social unrest .   Since then , corruption has not slowed down as a result of greater economic freedom , but instead has grown more entrenched and severe in its character and scope . Business deals often involve participation in corruption . In popular perception , there are more dishonest CPC officials than honest ones , a reversal of the views held in the first decade of reform of the 1980s . China specialist Minxin Pei argues that failure to contain widespread corruption is among the most serious threats to China 's future economic and political stability . Bribery , kickbacks , theft , and misspending of public funds costs at least three percent of GDP . China , though not a member of the OECD has participated as an observer in the OECD Working Group on Bribery in International Business Transactions , see OECD Anti-Bribery Convention .

neg: Reorganized National Government of the Republic of China The Reorganized National Government was the name of the collaborationist government established in the Republic of China from 1940-45 . -LSB- 2 -RSB- It was led by former Kuomintang ( KMT ) party member Wang Jingwei .   Wang Jingwei was the leftist leader of a predominantly civilian Kuomintang faction called the Reorganizationists , who were often at odds with Chiang Kai-shek and his military arm of the Kuomintang . Shortly after the Marco Polo Bridge Incident and the initial invasion by the Imperial Japanese Army , Wang Jingwei advocated a strategy of peace and appeasement in order to end the string of devastating losses sustained by the Nationalist Forces and in order to secure the Japanese as a potential ally against the Chinese Communist Party . After the fall of the capital city of Nanjing to the Imperial Japanese Army soon after the start of the Second Sino-Japanese War , the Nationalist government went into exile to Chongqing . On 30 March 1940 Wang Jingwei and his allies defected from Chiang Kai-shek and the Nationalists and established a collaborationist government under the Japanese Army that claimed to be the legitimate representative of all of the Republic of China . This reorganized national government was formed out of a number of previous collaborationist governments that existed in northern and central China , including the Reformed Government of the Republic of China based in eastern China , the Provisional Government of the Republic of China in northern China , and later on the Mengjiang government in Inner Mongolia , though in reality northern China and Inner Mongolia stayed relatively free of its influence . Although using the same state symbols and name of the republic , the new government obtained international recognition only from the Anti-Comintern Pact countries . The exiled Nationalist government in Chongqing continued to be recognized as the legitimate government of China .   While heavily restricted in its powers by the Japanese occupation , the Reorganized government attempted to limit the civilian casualties inflicted by the Japanese Imperial Army . At the same time , the new government also eagerly assisted the Japanese Imperial Army against Communist forces operating in Reorganized Government territory . As the Japanese war situation worsened and Allied and American forces began threatening the Pacific , the puppet state was gradually granted increased self-governance culminating in the reorganized national government declared war on the Allies on 9 January 1943 . It was disbanded following the surrender of Japan in August 1945 , with the majority of its surviving leaders being put on trial , declared hanjian , traitors to the Han people , and imprisoned or executed for treason .

neg: Architecture of Taiwan The architecture of Taiwan can be traced back to stilt housing of the aborigines in prehistoric times ; to the building of fortresses and churches in the north and south used to colonize and convert the inhabitants during the Dutch and Spanish period ; the Tungning period when Taiwan was a base of anti-Qing sentiment and Minnan-style architechture was introduced ; in Qing dynasty period , a mix of Chinese and Western architecture appeared and artillery battery flourished during Qing 's Self-Strengthening Movement ; During the Japanese rule of Taiwan , the Minnan , Japanese and Western culture were main influencers in architectural designs and saw the introduction and use of reinforced concrete . Due to excessive Westernization as a colony , after the retrocession of Taiwan to the Republic of China in 1945 from Japan at the end of World War II , Chinese classical style became popular and entered into international mainstream as a postmodern design style . Today , Taiwanese architecture has undergone much diversification , every style of architecture can be seen .

neg: National Democratic Party (Japan) The National Democratic Party ( 国民民主党 , Kokumin Minshutō ) was a political party in Japan . It was active from 1950 until 1952 .

neg: Taishō period The , or Taishō era , is a period in the history of Japan dating from July 30 , 1912 , to December 25 , 1926 , coinciding with the reign of the Emperor Taishō . The new emperor was a sickly man , which prompted the shift in political power from the old oligarchic group of elder statesmen ( or genrō ) to the Imperial Diet of Japan and the democratic parties . Thus , the era is considered the time of the liberal movement known as the `` Taishō democracy '' in Japan ; it is usually distinguished from the preceding chaotic Meiji period and the following militarism-driven first part of the Shōwa period .


query: Battle Studies World Tour was a tour by a singer from the United States.

pos: Battle Studies World Tour Battle Studies World Tour was a worldwide tour by American singer John Mayer . The tour spanned across the United States , Canada , Denmark , Australia , and the Netherlands , promoting his 2009 album Battle Studies .

pos: Connecticut Connecticut ( -LSB- kəˈnɛtᵻkət -RSB- ) is the southernmost state in the New England region of the northeastern United States . As of the 2010 Census , Connecticut features the highest per-capita income , Human Development Index ( 0.962 ) , and median household income in the United States . Connecticut is bordered by Rhode Island to the east , Massachusetts to the north , New York to the west , and Long Island Sound to the south . Its capital city is Hartford , and its most populous city is Bridgeport . Although Connecticut is technically part of New England , it is often grouped along with New York and New Jersey as the Tri-state area . The state is named for the Connecticut River , a major U.S. river that approximately bisects the state . The word `` Connecticut '' is derived from various anglicized spellings of an Algonquian word for `` long tidal river '' .   Connecticut is the third smallest state by area , the 29th most populous , and the fourth most densely populated of the 50 United States . It is known as the `` Constitution State '' , the `` Nutmeg State '' , the `` Provisions State '' , and the `` Land of Steady Habits '' . It was influential in the development of the federal government of the United States . Much of southern and western Connecticut ( along with the majority of the state 's population ) is part of the New York metropolitan area ; three of Connecticut 's eight counties are statistically included in the New York City combined statistical area , which is widely referred to as the Tri-State area . Connecticut 's center of population is in Cheshire , New Haven County , which is also located within the Tri-State area .   Connecticut 's first European settlers were Dutch . They established a small , short-lived settlement in present-day Hartford at the confluence of the Park and Connecticut rivers called Huys de Goede Hoop . Initially , half of Connecticut was a part of the Dutch colony New Netherland , which included much of the land between the Connecticut and Delaware rivers . The first major settlements were established in the 1630s by England . Thomas Hooker led a band of followers overland from the Massachusetts Bay Colony and founded what became the Connecticut Colony ; other settlers from Massachusetts founded the Saybrook Colony and the New Haven Colony . The Connecticut and New Haven Colonies established documents of Fundamental Orders , considered the first constitutions in North America . In 1662 , the three colonies were merged under a royal charter , making Connecticut a crown colony . This colony was one of the Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule in the American Revolution .   The Connecticut River , Thames River , and ports along the Long Island Sound have given Connecticut a strong Maritime tradition which continues today . The state also has a long history of hosting the financial services industry , including insurance companies in Hartford and hedge funds in Fairfield County .

pos: John Mayer John Clayton Mayer ( -LSB- ˈmeɪ.ɚ -RSB- born October 16 , 1977 ) is an American singer-songwriter , guitarist , and producer . He was born in Bridgeport , Connecticut , and raised in nearby Fairfield . He attended Berklee College of Music in Boston , but disenrolled and moved to Atlanta in 1997 with Clay Cook . Together , they formed a short-lived two-man band called Lo-Fi Masters . After their split , Mayer continued to play local clubs -- refining his skills and gaining a following . After his appearance at the 2001 South by Southwest Festival , he was signed to Aware Records , and then Columbia Records , which released his first EP , Inside Wants Out . His following two full-length albums -- Room for Squares ( 2001 ) and Heavier Things ( 2003 ) -- did well commercially , achieving multi-platinum status . In 2003 , he won the Grammy Award for Best Male Pop Vocal Performance for the single `` Your Body Is a Wonderland '' .   Though Mayer started his career mainly performing acoustic rock , he began moving towards the blues genre that had originally influenced him as a musician . By 2005 , he was collaborating with blues artists such as B. B. King , Buddy Guy , and Eric Clapton . Forming the John Mayer Trio , he released a live album in 2005 called Try ! , and his third studio album Continuum in 2006 . Both albums received wide critical acclaim , and Continuum earned Mayer a 2007 Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Album . He also won Best Male Pop Vocal Performance for `` Waiting on the World to Change '' . That album was followed by Battle Studies in 2009 , a return to pop , with a number-one grossing tour .   After having several controversial incidents with the media , Mayer withdrew from public life in 2010 and began work on a follow-up album , called Born and Raised , that would draw inspiration from the 1970s pop music of Laurel Canyon . However , the discovery of a granuloma on his vocal cords delayed the release of the album until May 2012 , and ultimately forced him to cancel the planned tour . Even so , the album enjoyed a generally favorable reception , though was less commercially successful than his previous work . After extensive treatments for his vocal problems -- and a two-year hiatus -- Mayer began performing as a singer again in January 2013 , and that year released the album , Paradise Valley . The album is named for where he lives in Montana and features country music influences . By 2014 , he had sold a total of over 20 million albums worldwide . After developing an interest in the Grateful Dead and connecting with Bob Weir , Mayer formed Dead & Company with three former Grateful Dead musicians . After two well-received tours in the fall of 2015 and summer of 2016 , the band has already committed to another tour for the summer of 2017 .   Mayer 's secondary career pursuits extend to television hosting , comedy , and writing ; he has authored columns for magazines such as Esquire . He supports various causes and has performed at charity benefits . He is a watch aficionado ( with a collection he values in the `` tens of millions '' of dollars ) , and has been on the jury at the Grand Prix d'Horlogerie de Genève . He currently lives in Montana . His latest song is `` Love on the Weekend '' .

neg: List of Garth Brooks concert tours Garth Brooks is an American country pop singer-songwriter . From his first concert series to his current record-breaking worldwide tour , Brooks has changed the face of performing from a country music perspective , adding high energy and pyrotechnics to depict a hard rock-country crossover . Since his first tour began in 1991 , Brooks has performed in a variety of concert settings , including world tours , residency shows , and benefit concerts .

neg: Teena Marie Mary Christine Brockert ( March 5 , 1956 -- December 26 , 2010 ) , better known by her stage name Teena Marie , was an American singer-songwriter , and producer . She was known by her childhood nickname Tina before taking the stage name Teena Marie and later acquired the nickname Lady Tee ( sometimes spelled Lady T ) , given to her by her collaborator and friend , Rick James .   She was known for her distinctive soulful vocals , which caused many listeners to believe she was African American . Her success in R&B and soul music , and loyalty to these genres would earn her the title Ivory Queen of Soul . She played rhythm guitar , keyboards , and congas , and wrote , produced , sang , and arranged virtually all of her songs since her 1980 release , Irons in the Fire , which she later said was her favorite album .

neg: Buzz Tour The Buzz Tour was a mini concert tour in 2004 by American R&B / soul singer Jill Scott , in support of her Platinum selling album , Beautifully Human : Words and Sounds Vol . 2 . The tour featured songs from her debut album and selection of songs from the new album .

neg: Holly Henry Holly Mae Heinrich ( born March 31 , 1994 ) , better known by her stage name Holly Henry , is an American singer/songwriter from Minnesota . She took her stage name when competing in the fifth season of the United States version of reality singing competition The Voice . She subsequently built an international fan base as a Partner with YouTube and through original music releases .

neg: I Am... World Tour I Am ... World Tour ( sometimes referred to as the I Am ... Tour ) was the fourth concert tour by American recording artist Beyoncé . It was launched in support of her third studio album , I Am ... Sasha Fierce ( 2008 ) . The tour was announced in October 2008 and the first dates were revealed in December 2008 . It kicked off in late-March 2009 with five rehearsal shows in North America , officially commencing in late April 2009 . The tour visited the Americas , Europe , Asia , Africa , and Australia with 108 shows in total . Preparations for the shows began eight months prior to the beginning of the tour with twelve-hour rehearsals for two months . Knowles described the shows as her best and most theatrical from all of her tours . Pre-concert food drives were held during several stops of the I Am ... World Tour as part of a campaign by General Mills ' Hamburger Helper entitled , `` Show Your Helping Hand '' where fans were asked to bring food during the concerts .   The set list for the concerts included songs from Knowles ' three studio albums as well as several covers of other artists and a Destiny 's Child medley . The central theme of the tour was to showcase the difference between Knowles ' dual personality ; her emotional side and her onstage persona , Sasha Fierce which was also demonstrated in the dual album I Am ... Sasha Fierce . The show featured two stages -- the main one and a smaller B-stage where Knowles was transferred during the middle of the show . She was backed by an all-female band , female background dancers and a big LED screen . Thierry Mugler collaborated with Knowles on the costumes and had a creative advisor role further working on the choreography , lighting and production . Chris March made the costumes usable for stage and helped in their making . For the ballads , Knowles wore longer dresses while for the performances of the up-tempo songs , more make-up and more revealing outfits were worn . The fashion and Knowles ' look and figure received praise from critics .   I Am ... World Tour received critical acclaim from music critics who praised Knowles ' performance abilities calling her the best female performer and chose the performances of `` Ave Maria '' , `` Listen '' and `` At Last '' as highlights during the shows . A concert in Malaysia was cancelled by Knowles after several Muslim groups tried to ban it although she agreed to tone down her look according to the country 's standards . The tour was commercially successful grossing $ 86.0 million from 93 shows in total . Separate performances of several songs were broadcast on different channels and two concerts were released as live albums ; the live performance at the I Am ... Yours revue was released in a CD/DVD format in 2009 and footage of the tour was released on an eponymous titled live album in 2010 .

neg: Pearl Jam 2008 United States Tour The Pearl Jam 2008 United States Tour was a concert tour by the American rock band Pearl Jam .

neg: Hilary Weeks Hilary Weeks ( née , Novakovich ; born March 7 , 1970 ) is an American Christian musician and Mormon singer , who primarily plays a worship and gospel music version of Christian country and Christian pop . She has released ten musical works , with eight of those being studio albums , He Hears Me ( 1996 ) , Lead Me Home ( 1998 ) and I Will Not Forget ( 2000 ) , Day of Praise ( 2004 ) , If I Only Had Today ( 2008 ) , Every Step ( 2011 ) , Say Love ( 2013 ) , Say Love ( 2013 ) , and , Love Your Life ( 2016 ) , while she released two holiday albums , Christmastime ( 2006 ) and Christmas Once Again ( 2009 ) . Her last four musical works charted on various Billboard magazine charts .

neg: June Singer June Singer ( 1920 -- January 19 , 2004 ) was an American analytical psychologist . She co-founded the Analytical Psychology Club of Chicago , later the Jung Institute of Chicago , as well as the Inter-Regional Society of Jungian Analysts . She helped to popularize Carl Jung 's theories in the United States , and wrote several well-regarded books .  __ NOTOC __

neg: Victoria Vox Victoria Davitt ( born October 17 , 1978 ) , better known by stage name Victoria Vox , is a singer , songwriter and musician specializing in the ukulele . A native of Green Bay , Wisconsin , Vox now resides in Maryland when not on tour .   The Baltimore Sun notes her influences as including The Cranberries , Madonna , Cyndi Lauper , Patty Griffin , Sting , and Peter Gabriel .

neg: Libby Titus Elizabeth `` Libby '' Titus ( nee Jurist ; born July 6 , 1947 ) is an American singer , songwriter , actor , and concert producer .

neg: Helen Baylor Helen LaRue Lowe ( born January 8 , 1954 ) , known professionally as Helen Baylor , is an American singer -- songwriter .

neg: Arielle (singer) Arielle ( born August 3 , 1990 ) is an American singer , songwriter , and guitar player born in Short Hills , New Jersey , and raised in San Mateo , California . Her musical inspiration comes from music groups such as Queen and Boston .

neg: Under My Spell Tour The Under My Spell Tour was a world concert tour by American recording artist Paula Abdul to support her multi-platinum selling album Spellbound . The tour was her first and MTV held a contest for its viewers to name the tour . Abdul 's tour was almost canceled before it began due to injuring her leg by catching her heel in a groove of the stage while rehearsing . Paula was going to have to cancel until a Chinese acupuncturist allowed her to walk again .   Paula put 4 million dollars of her own money into the tour and even though she was injured the opening night went on as planned . The outing started on October 26 , in Birmingham , Alabama , visiting several cities in North America , Europe , Australia and Asia . The tour ended in August 1992 and gross over 60 million in ticket sells .

neg: Julianne Baird Julianne Baird ( born December 10 , 1952 in Statesville , North Carolina ) is an American soprano best known for her singing in Baroque works , in both opera and sacred music . She has nearly 100 recordings to her credit and is a well-traveled recitalist and soloist with major symphony orchestras . She is also a noted teacher of voice .

neg: List of Jordin Sparks tours Below is an organized list of all the concert tours by singer Jordin Sparks . Her first concert tour was in North America , where she performed in 59 cities during 2007 in support of sixth season American Idol . Her second tour , in support of her first album , Jesse & Jordin LIVE Tour performing in 19 cities in North America . Her third tour Battlefield Tour , in support of her second album Battlefield , making a total of 38 dates .

neg: Miranda Sings Miranda Sings is a fictional character , developed on the internet , created in 2008 and portrayed by American comedian , actress and YouTube personality Colleen Ballinger . Ballinger displays videos of the comically talentless , egotistical , misguided and quirky character on her YouTube channel . In these videos , the eccentric , narcissistic , yet endearing character sings and dances badly , gives inept `` tutorials '' , recounts her daily activities , discusses current events that she often misunderstands , collaborates with other YouTubers , and rants about her critics , reading examples of hate mail directed at the character on social media ; she responds to them with her catchphrase : `` Haters Back Off ! '' .   Ballinger created the character as a satire of bad but arrogant singers who believe that posting their videos on YouTube will lead to them breaking into show business . As of February 2017 , the Miranda Sings YouTube channel had surpassed 1.2 billion views and 7 million subscribers , and Miranda had more than 6 million Instagram followers . Miranda has been ranked the 7th `` most popular '' YouTube personality by Daily American , and the channel was ranked No. 38 of all time by NewMediaRockstars . The character also has an active presence on other social media .   Since 2009 , in addition to her internet videos , Ballinger has regularly presented live comedy acts , in character as Miranda Sings , at first in cabaret spaces and later in theaters in New York , London , and other cities in the US , Canada , Europe , Australia and elsewhere . Her acts include Miranda 's signature off-key singing of pop music hits and show tunes , with introductions focusing on the character 's backstory . Her delivery is full of malapropisms , mondegreens and spoonerisms , and the acts incorporate interaction with audience volunteers , giving a `` voice lesson '' to , or singing a duet with , Broadway or other musical celebrities , reading hate mail , and singing while being stabbed through the neck in her `` magic trick '' .   The character has appeared in web series , interviews and an episode of the TV show Victorious . In 2014 , she guest-starred in character on an episode of Comedians in Cars Getting Coffee with Jerry Seinfeld and appeared on The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon . In July 2015 , she released a New York Times # 1 best-selling book , written in Miranda 's voice , titled Selp-Helf . Miranda is the main character in the Netflix original series Haters Back Off , which premiered in 2016 and has been renewed for 2017 . Ballinger won a Teen Choice Award and a Streamy Award for her Miranda videos .

neg: Battlefield Tour The Battlefield Tour was a concert tour by American pop singer Jordin Sparks in support of her second studio album Battlefield . It is Sparks ' first headlining tour . The tour consisted of mostly general assembly venues such as theaters , ballrooms , amusement parks , and casinos . It was initially only set to visit 15 cities nationwide . On April 22 , several dates were rescheduled in order to expand the tour to 35 cities across the nation . The tour started on May 1 , 2010 in Uncasville , Connecticut and ended on July 18 , 2010 in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . In an interview with AI Now , Sparks spoke of the tour `` Hopefully , maybe in March I will be doing a tour . I would love to do a House of Blues theater type tour so it 's a little more intimate ... it 's really fulfilling after you get off a stage like that , it 's really awesome because it 's like you can say ` hey , I left everything out there . ' ''

neg: Live Alive Tour The Live Alive Tour was a worldwide concert tour by American blues rock band Stevie Ray Vaughan and Double Trouble . Staged in support of their 1986 live album Live Alive , the band visited North America and Europe from 1986 through 1988 . A week before it began , guitarist and singer Stevie Ray Vaughan and bassist Tommy Shannon had achieved sobriety and it was their first tour after succeeding in overcoming their addictions . Consisting of six legs and 209 shows , the tour began in Towson , Maryland on November 22 , 1986 and concluded in New York City on December 31 , 1988 . The first four legs alternated between the United States and Canada , before the fifth leg visited Europe . The tour was mostly well-received and provoked positive reactions from music critics . The band 's 1989 album In Step , which included song ideas that were being performed on the tour , was recorded after the tour 's conclusion .

neg: Compositions World Tour The Compositions World Tour was a concert tour in 1990 by American recording artist Anita Baker in support of her Platinum selling album Compositions . The tour was to kick-off in early May with four sold-out shows at the Sunrise Music Theatre in Miami , Florida . The dates where soon cancelled due to Baker becoming vocally ill the prior week before the scheduled shows . The tour resumed in late May with dates scheduled in North America and Europe . Baker performed four-consecutive shows in various cities in North America , which included Merrillville , Indiana and Miami , Florida .

neg: Utada United 2006 Utada United 2006 was a 2006 concert tour by Japanese American pop singer-songwriter Hikaru Utada .


query: There is a film called The Breakfast Club.

pos: The Breakfast Club The Breakfast Club is a 1985 American coming-of-age comedy-drama film written , produced , and directed by John Hughes , starring Emilio Estevez , Paul Gleason , Anthony Michael Hall , Judd Nelson , Molly Ringwald and Ally Sheedy . The storyline follows five teenagers , each members of different high school cliques , who spend a Saturday in detention together and come to realize that they are all more than their respective stereotypes , while facing a strict disciplinarian .   The film premiered in Los Angeles on February 7 , 1985 . Universal Pictures released the film in cinemas in the United States on February 15 , 1985 . It received critical acclaim and earned $ 51.5 million on a $ 1 million budget . Critics consider it one of the greatest high school films of all time , as well as one of Hughes ' most memorable and recognizable works . The media referred to the film 's five main actors as members of a group called the `` Brat Pack '' .   The title comes from the nickname invented by students and staff for morning detention at New Trier High School , the school attended by the son of one of John Hughes ' friends . Thus , those who were sent to detention before school starting time were designated members of `` The Breakfast Club '' .  In 2016 , the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' .   The film was digitally remastered and was re-screened throughout 430 theaters in celebration of its 30th anniversary in 2015 .

neg: Canned Film Festival The Canned Film Festival is a comedy-based motion picture television series that was nationally syndicated during the late night hours in the United States for a single season in the summer of 1986 . With only a one-letter difference in the spelling , the name is an intentional play on the name for the Cannes Film Festival , the annual world-renowned film-screening celebration in Cannes , France . Not to be confused with the latter , the Canned Film Festival featured B movies as the centerpiece for each television episode , and was composed of short vignettes interwoven throughout the films . Boasting the tagline `` late night with the best of the worst '' , the series was promoted and sponsored by the Dr Pepper Company , whose then-tagline `` out-of-the-ordinary '' echoed the show 's collection of odd and strange movies . The series was created by Young & Rubicam , developed for television by Chelsea Communications , and distributed by LBS Communications .   Although similar in style to the successful Mystery Science Theater 3000 series that aired a few years later , the Canned Film Festival differed in that its comedy scenes occurred strictly during the commercial intermissions instead of adding peanut gallery type satire during the actual run of the movies . In addition , the script , although comedic in nature , often reflected upon the serious contextual and cultural subjects contained in the featured movies , sometimes providing historical insight into their production . An example is seen during the episode featuring Project Moonbase , where female spaceship commanders were discussed as an accurate future prediction by the 1950s era movie , as were cordless telephones and big screen televisions . The featured B movies of the series were not full-length , and edited to fit the show 's approximately two-hour timeframe per episode .

neg: Film series A film series ( also referred to as a film franchise ) is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe , or are marketed as a series .   Sometimes the work is conceived from the beginning as a multiple-film work , for example the Three Colours series , but in most cases the success of the original film inspires further films to be made . Individual sequels are relatively common , but are not always successful enough to spawn further installments .   The Marvel Cinematic Universe is the highest grossing film series in unadjusted US Dollar figures surpassing the Harry Potter , Star Wars , James Bond , and Peter Jackson 's The Lord of the Rings series . However , `` Star Wars '' has the highest when adjusted for inflation .

neg: Chocolates for Breakfast Chocolates for Breakfast is a 1956 American novel written by Pamela Moore . Originally published in 1956 when Moore was eighteen years old , the novel gained notoriety from readers and critics for its frank depiction of teenage sexuality , and its discussion of the taboo topics of homosexuality and gender roles . The plot focuses on fifteen-year-old Courtney Farrell and her destructive upbringing between her father , a wealthy Manhattan publisher , and her mother , a faltering Hollywood actress .   Upon its release in 1956 , the novel became an international sensation and was published in multiple languages , with many critics drawing comparisons to the 1954 French novel Bonjour Tristesse by Françoise Sagan . Chocolates for Breakfast went out of print in 1967 , and was not reprinted in the United States until Harper Perennial re-released the novel in June 2013 . This marks its first re-printing in North America in over forty-five years .

neg: Midnight breakfast Midnight breakfast is a generic term for a communal meal served at some American colleges and universities . Menu items that are generally considered breakfast foods are served in the school 's dining hall late at night ( hence `` midnight '' ) as a study break before or during final exams , or as a traditional community-building event . Midnight breakfast is usually at most a weekly event and at least an annual event , and should not be confused with school dining facilities that operate 24 hours a day on a regular basis .   Midnight breakfasts are held once a semester during finals week and can be accompanied by karaoke .   Category : Breakfasts  Category : Academic meals  Category : Student culture

neg: Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film .   The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .

neg: Eating club An eating club is a social club found in American universities . Eating clubs date to the late 19th and early 20th centuries and are intended to allow college students to enjoy meals and pleasant discourse . Some clubs are referred to as bicker clubs because of the process of bickering over which applicants to accept as members . Replaced largely by the modern fraternity and sorority system , eating clubs are now limited to a few colleges and universities , most notably Princeton University , Davidson College , Mount Olive College , and Reed College in the United States .   The origins of such clubs are collegiate dining clubs in the United Kingdom , specifically founded earlier than or contemporarily with the foundation of the early American universities such as The Pitt Club , The Bullingdon Club , and The 16 ' Club .

neg: Clubland Clubland may refer to :   St James 's , an area of Westminster in London where many gentlemen 's clubs were located  Clubland ( 1999 film ) , an American film by Mary Lambert  Clubland ( 2007 film ) , an Australian comedy film  Clubland ( band ) , a 1990s house-music group  Clubland ( dance brand ) , a UK dance album and events brand  Clubland ( compilation series ) , a series of compilation albums  Clubland TV , a UK music channel  Clubland ( Screenplay ) , an installment , featuring David Morrissey , of the UK satirical anthology TV series Screenplay  `` Clubland '' ( song ) , a song by Elvis Costello  Clubland , a block of dance-related music videos currently airing late nights on MTV in the United States .

neg: Breakfast on Pluto Breakfast on Pluto is a 1998 novel by Patrick McCabe . The book was shortlisted for the 1998 Booker Prize , and was adapted for the screen by McCabe and Neil Jordan ; Jordan directed the 2005 film . The author derived the novel 's title from the 1969 hit record Breakfast On Pluto by Don Partridge .

neg: Café society Café society was the description of the `` Beautiful People '' and `` Bright Young Things '' who gathered in fashionable cafes and restaurants in New York , Paris , and London beginning in the late 19th century . Maury Henry Biddle Paul is credited with coining the phrase `` cafe society '' in 1915 . Lucius Beebe created the term `` chromium mist '' for the cafe society lifestyle he chronicled in his weekly column , `` This New York , '' for the New York Herald Tribune during the 1920s and 1930s .   They attended each other 's private dinners and balls and took holidays in exotic locations or at elegant resorts .  In the United States , café society came to the fore with the end of Prohibition in December 1933 and the rise of photojournalism , to describe the set of people who tended to do their entertaining semi-publicly , in restaurants and night clubs and who would include among them movie stars and sports celebrities . Some of the American night clubs and New York City restaurants frequented by the denizens of café society included El Morocco , the Stork Club , Restaurant Larue , and the 21 Club . A complete history of New York café society , illustrated with photographs by Jerome Zerbe , was published by McFarland Publishing in 2015 .

neg: Club Fed (film) Club Fed is a 1990 comedy film that spoofs the `` Club Fed '' - type of minimum security prisons where wealthy white-collar criminals are often sent .

neg: Breakfast in America (song) `` Breakfast in America '' is the title track from Supertramp 's 1979 album of the same name . It was a minor hit on the singles charts in the US but was a Top 10 hit in the UK .   The song was written by Roger Hodgson before Supertramp were formed , during his late teens , but is jointly credited to him and his bandmate/songwriting partner Rick Davies . Davies wanted Hodgson to re-write the by-then over a decade old lyrics , but Hodgson refused , feeling that they were too intrinsic to the song and captured the innocence of his adolescence . The lyrics tell about a person who has never been to America and fantasizes about it . After Supertramp started performing the song during a `` reunion '' tour without Hodgson , Hodgson pointedly told reporters that Davies initially `` hated '' the song and that he believed Davies did not play on the recording at all . However , in other interviews , Hodgson has credited Davies with creating the vocalized retort line , `` What 's she got ? Not a lot . ''   The 2005 song `` Cupid 's Chokehold '' by Gym Class Heroes heavily utilizes the melody of `` Breakfast in America '' and features Fall Out Boy singer Patrick Stump performing the opening lines of the song as a refrain .   The song was also sampled in Drake 's `` Stunt Hard '' and James Blunt performed a live version of the song which featured on the deluxe edition of his second album All The Lost Souls .

neg: Timecode (film) Timecode is a 2000 American experimental film written and directed by Mike Figgis and featuring a large ensemble cast , including Salma Hayek , Stellan Skarsgård , Jeanne Tripplehorn , Suzy Nakamura , Kyle MacLachlan , Saffron Burrows , Holly Hunter , Julian Sands , Xander Berkeley , Leslie Mann and Mía Maestro .   The film is constructed from four continuous 93-minute takes that were filmed simultaneously by four cameramen ; the screen is divided into quarters , and the four shots are shown simultaneously . The film depicts several groups of people in Los Angeles as they interact and conflict while preparing for the shooting of a movie in a production office . The dialogue was largely improvised , and the sound mix of the film is designed so that the most significant of the four sequences on screen dominates the soundtrack at any given moment .   An allusion to this film can be heard during another of Mike Figgis 's films , Hotel . In the first moment the screen is split into four quadrants . The sound of milk being steamed in one quadrant combines with the sound of an actor tapping beats onto a paperback novel in another quadrant to create a very subtle imitation of the sounds and music heard during the first few minutes in Timecode .

neg: Bill & Ted's Excellent Cereal Bill & Ted 's Excellent Cereal was a cereal based on the Bill & Ted movies and cartoon of the late 1980s and early 1990s . It was promoted with the branding slogan `` A Most Awesome Breakfast Adventure '' . The magazine Mental Floss ranked it first in their list of the 10 best marketing-inspired breakfast cereals .   The cereal was made by Ralston Purina , which at the time sold food products for both humans and animals . The cereal was cinnamon-flavored and had mini music-themed marshmallows , although they resembled pieces of Kibbles 'n Bits .   While the cereal was sold , which was for only a short period , it offered many giveaways and promotions . One of the more prominent ones was `` Hysterical Postcards , '' which were mini-postcards involving Bill & Ted and their trips through time . Another notable promotion was a free audio-cassette holder , shaped in the image of the Phone Booth , and with a sticker depicting the cartoon versions of Bill and Ted on the front .   The cereal was featured in a comedy bit on The Arsenio Hall Show . When Alex Winter appeared on the show , Arsenio Hall asked Winter about the cereal . Hall then presented Winter with a box of the cereal , and challenged an audience member to eat a bowl , which he did .

neg: Radio National Breakfast Radio National Breakfast ( sometimes shortened to Breakfast ) is a national early morning news programme in Australia . The programme is broadcast live in the eastern states ( and on delay in other states ) on the ABC Radio National network . It can also be listened to online . The programme is hosted by award winning journalist Fran Kelly .

neg: Honey Nut Clusters Honey Nut Clusters aka CLUSTERS is a breakfast cereal manufactured by General Mills which refers to the cereal as `` crispy wheat & rice flakes with delicious honey nut flavored clusters . '' The manufacturer also points out on the package that it is a `` low fat part of your heart healthy diet '' . A single serving ( 1 cup ) contains 210 calories and 1 gram of fat . The cereal , also known simply as `` Clusters '' , first appeared in 1987 .   The cereal gained popularity for commercials often depicting squirrels stealing the cereal by outsmarting the owners . Among the most popular was Robo-Squirrel , in which a cyborg squirrel does serious damage to steal the cereal .   Honey Nut Clusters is part of General Mills family of Fruit & Nut cereals , including Raisin Nut Bran and Basic 4 . In 2009 the packaging on all of these cereals was updated to a different `` family of cereals '' look , however some consumers were disappointed and the company switched back to the legacy packaging currently on shelves . The recipe for this cereal was changed in April 2007 , so that it no longer actually includes nuts , substituting natural almond flavoring in its place . The picture on the box no longer depicts the same almond clusters , but the name still includes the word nut . These changes may have been implemented to counteract rising Commodity market prices in 2007 . It could also be presumed the recipe change was due to people 's ever-expanding nut allergies .   A limited edition of the product called `` Honey Nut Clijsters '' was produced in 2008 , with tennis player Kim Clijsters portrayed on the box .   The cereal is not produced anymore due to a `` lack of sales '' according General Mills circa 2012 or there abouts .   Category : General Mills cereals

neg: The Dinner Game The Dinner Game ( original title : Le Dîner de Cons - English : `` Dinner of Fools '' ) is a 1998 French comedy film written and directed by Francis Veber . It is a film adaptation by Veber of his play Le Dîner de Cons .

neg: 9 to 5 (film) 9 to 5 ( styled in the opening credits as Nine to Five ) is a 1980 American comedy film directed by Colin Higgins , written by Higgins and Patricia Resnick . It stars Jane Fonda , Lily Tomlin , Dolly Parton as three working women who live out their fantasies of getting even with , and their overthrow of , the company 's autocratic , `` sexist , egotistical , lying , hypocritical bigot '' boss , played by Dabney Coleman .   The film grossed over $ 103.9 million and is the 20th highest-grossing comedy film . As a star vehicle for Parton -- already established as a successful singer and songwriter -- it launched her permanently into mainstream popular culture . Although a television series of the same name based on the film was less successful , a musical version of the film ( also titled 9 to 5 ) , with new songs written by Parton , opened on Broadway on April 30 , 2009 .   9 to 5 is number 74 on the American Film Institute 's `` 100 Funniest Movies '' and has an a 82 % approval rating on review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes .

neg: Love Before Breakfast Love Before Breakfast is a 1936 American romantic comedy film starring Carole Lombard , Preston Foster , and Cesar Romero , based on Faith Baldwin 's short story Spinster Dinner , published in International-Cosmopolitan in July 1934 . The film was directed by Walter Lang from a screenplay by Herbert Fields assisted by numerous contract writers , including Preston Sturges .

neg: Golden Raspberry Awards The Golden Raspberry Awards ( often shortened to Razzies and Razzie Awards ) is an award in recognition of the worst in film . Co-founded by UCLA film graduates and film-industry veterans , John J. B. Wilson and Mo Murphy , the annual Razzie Awards ceremony in Los Angeles precedes the corresponding Academy Awards ceremony by one day . The term raspberry in the name is used in its irreverent sense , as in `` blowing a raspberry '' . The awards themselves are in the form of a `` golf ball-sized raspberry '' which sits atop a Super 8 mm film reel , the whole of which is spray painted gold .   The first Golden Raspberry Awards ceremony was held on March 31 , 1981 , at John J. B. Wilson 's living-room alcove in Los Angeles , to honor the worst in film of the 1980 film season . The 37th ceremony was held on February 25 , 2017 .

neg: List of teen films Teen film is a film genre targeted at teenagers and young adults in which the plot is based upon the special interests of teenagers and young adults , such as coming of age , first love , rebellion , conflict with parents , teen angst , and alienation . Some of these films are targeted at adults as well as teenagers . Teen films have been a trope of the cinema industry for decades since the 1950s . At this time , the film industry saw a greater market for teens with more disposable income and therefore more money to spend on leisure activities , largely going to films . Because of the boom in teen viewers , drive-in movie theaters were also very popular . However , even the silent era had teen films . Recently , online streaming services such as Netflix have created a resurgence in the `` tween '' and teenage-oriented film .


query: Stephen Rider turned down the opportunity to work in the series Lucky 7.

pos: Stephen Rider Stephen Rider is an American film and television actor , best known for playing Admiral Stephen W. Rochon in the film The Butler and Eric Millworth in the series Lucky 7 . He is currently playing a District Attorney named Blake Tower in the Marvel 's series Daredevil .

neg: Tetragrammaton Labyrinth is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Ei Itou . The manga was serialized in the Japanese seinen manga magazine Comic Gum between January 26 , 2005 and November 26 , 2007 , published by Wani Books . The manga has been licensed by Los Angeles-based company Seven Seas Entertainment for distribution in the English language . The first English-bound volume was released on June 30 , 2007 with the second and third being released on November 28 , 2007 and July 8 , 2008 , respectively . The fourth volume was released in December 2008 .

neg: Vampire Hunter D: American Wasteland Vampire Hunter D : American Wasteland is a comic book mini-series based on the popular Vampire Hunter D franchise , set to be published by Devil 's Due Publishing . The series was announced in July 2008 , but was confirmed to be cancelled at the 2009 Long Beach Comic Con , as a result of creative differences between Devil 's Due and the license holders . The story would have followed the typical Vampire Hunter D set-up and remained true to the mythos , but with a `` noticeably North American feel . '' It was to be written by Jimmy Palmiotti .

neg: Dinosaur Hour is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Hitoshi Shioya . It features short stories about dinosaurs in humorous situations . It is unique for featuring chapters only 7 or 8 pages long . It started publication in 2004 , while the first ( and only ) volume was published in Japan in 2006 , and is published in Japan by Poplar Publishing . Viz Media has released this volume in English as well .

neg: Lucky Luke (disambiguation) Lucky Luke is a Belgian comic book series that began in 1946 .   `` Lucky Luke '' may also refer to :   Lucky Luke , a fictional American cowboy and the title character of the series  Lucky Luke , a 1983 animated television series starring William Callaway  Lucky Luke ( film ) , a 1991 Italian film adaptation starring Terence Hill  Lucky Luke ( TV series ) , a 1992 Italian television series based on the film , starring Terence Hill  Lucky Luke ( 2009 film ) , a 2009 French/Argentine film adaptation starring Jean Dujardin  Lucky Luke , the name of several video games based on the character , most of them published by Infogrames Entertainment , SA

neg: The Walking Dead (season 7) The seventh season of The Walking Dead , an American post-apocalyptic horror television series on AMC , premiered on October 23 , 2016 , and concluded on April 2 , 2017 , consisting of 16 episodes . Developed for television by Frank Darabont , the series is based on the eponymous series of comic books by Robert Kirkman , Tony Moore , and Charlie Adlard . The executive producers are Kirkman , David Alpert , Scott M. Gimple , Greg Nicotero , Tom Luse , and Gale Anne Hurd , with Gimple as showrunner for the fourth consecutive season . The seventh season received generally positive reviews by critics . It is currently nominated for multiple awards , including Best Horror Television Series , at the 43rd Saturn Awards .   This season adapts material from issues # 100 -- 114 of the comic book series and introduces notable comic characters Ezekiel ( Khary Payton ) and his pet Bengal tiger , Shiva , including more survivor communities : the Kingdom , the Sanctuary , Oceanside , and the Scavengers . Immediately continuing the events of last season 's cliffhanger , the season continues the story of Rick Grimes ( Andrew Lincoln ) and his group of survivors , who now find themselves brutally overpowered and kneeling helplessly before Negan ( Jeffrey Dean Morgan ) and the Saviors , as they experience a daunting and life-changing confrontation . What Negan does will haunt and change the lives of those who survive forever .   The first half of the season focuses on the group , after suffering a heavy loss , gradually coming to terms under the rule of Negan and their struggle to obey his orders . The second half of the season focuses on the group building an army with like-minded communities to prepare for all-out war against the Saviors .

neg: The Dark Tower VII: The Dark Tower The Dark Tower is the seventh novel in Stephen King 's Dark Tower series , published by Grant on September 21 , 2004 ( King 's birthday ) , and illustrated by Michael Whelan . It has four subtitles : REPRODUCTION , REVELATION , REDEMPTION , and RESUMPTION -- all but the second of these having been used as subtitles for previous novels in the series .

neg: Ghost Rider: Spirit of Vengeance Ghost Rider : Spirit of Vengeance ( also known as Ghost Rider 2 ) is a 2011 American 3D supernatural superhero film based on the Marvel Comics antihero Ghost Rider . It is the stand-alone sequel to the 2007 film Ghost Rider and features Nicolas Cage as Johnny Blaze/Ghost Rider with supporting roles portrayed by Ciarán Hinds ( replacing Peter Fonda ) , Violante Placido , Johnny Whitworth , Christopher Lambert , and Idris Elba . The film was directed by Mark Neveldine and Brian Taylor , from a screenplay written by David S. Goyer , Scott M. Gimple and Seth Hoffman . Ghost Rider : Spirit of Vengeance was released in theaters on February 17 , 2012 in 3D and 2D .   Critical reception was largely negative ; critics and fans criticized the script , CGI , and acting . Despite this , the film grossed more than $ 132 million against its $ 57 million budget . Nicolas Cage has said that he is `` done '' with the Ghost Rider films and a planned sequel was canceled . By May 2013 , the film rights to Ghost Rider had reverted to Marvel Studios and the Robbie Reyes version of Ghost Rider appears in Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.

neg: Easy Rider Easy Rider is a 1969 American road movie written by Peter Fonda , Dennis Hopper , and Terry Southern , produced by Fonda and directed by Hopper . It tells the story of two bikers ( played by Fonda and Hopper ) who travel through the American Southwest and South after selling a large score of cocaine . The success of Easy Rider helped spark the New Hollywood era of filmmaking during the early 1970s . The film was added to the Library of Congress National Film Registry in 1998 .   A landmark counterculture film , and a `` touchstone for a generation '' that `` captured the national imagination '' , Easy Rider explores the societal landscape , issues , and tensions in the United States during the 1960s , such as the rise and fall of the hippie movement , drug use , and communal lifestyle .  In Easy Rider , real drugs were used in scenes showing the use of marijuana and other substances .

neg: Seven Lucky Gods The Seven Lucky Gods or Seven Gods of Fortune ( 七 福神 , shichifukujin in Japanese ) are believed to grant good luck and often have their place in netsuke engravings or in other representations . Amongst the seven , not all the gods are mythical characters , as there is one who is a historical figure .   They all began as remote and impersonal gods , but gradually became much closer canonical figures for certain professions and Japanese arts . During the course of its history , the mutual influence between gods has created confusion about which of them was the patron of certain professions . The worship of this group of gods is also due to the importance of the number seven in Japan , which is supposedly a bearer of good luck .

neg: Sam Lawton Samuel `` Sam '' Lawton is a fictional character and the protagonist and visionary in Final Destination 5 . He is the seventh survivor to die .

neg: Lonely Road Books Lonely Road Books is a small press publishing company founded in 2007 by Brian James Freeman and Richard Chizmar and based out of Forest Hill , Maryland . They are a publishing company that specializes in deluxe signed limited edition books . Lonely Road Books has released the anthology Dark Forces : The 25th Anniversary Special Edition edited by Kirby McCauley , and they have released and are releasing books by notable writers Stephen King , Ray Garton ( writing as Arthur Darknell ) , Douglas Clegg , Stewart O'Nan , Mick Garris , and more .

neg: Star of the Guardians Star of the Guardians is a series of fantasy novels by Margaret Weis . The series consists of several volumes :   The Lost King  King 's Test  King 's Sacrifice  Ghost Legion  The Knights of the Black Earth ( 1995 ) , ISBN 0-451-45425-1  Robot Blues ( 1996 ) , ISBN 0-451-45581-9  Hung Out ( 1998 ) , ISBN 0-451-45618-1   Star of the Guardians is a series of four science fiction / space opera novels written by Margaret Weis without assistance from usual co-author Tracy Hickman . The original trilogy , The Lost King , King 's Test and King 's Sacrifice , concerns Dion 's adventures and eventual rise to the throne . A few years later , Margaret Weis realized that , while Dion had achieved his goals , the main characters of the series ( sundered lovers Sagan and Maigrey ) had not achieved peace , and penned the fourth book , Ghost Legion .   She has since completed a trilogy of spin-offs concerning the mercenary team Mag Force 7 introduced in King 's Sacrifice . Based originally on The Magnificent Seven , the team developed a much more varied membership just in time to star in their own novels : The Knights of the Black Earth , Robot Blues and Hung Out . Weis and Don Perrin released a collectible card game under the name `` Mag Force 7 '' .

neg: The Rainbow Trail The Rainbow Trail , also known as The Desert Crucible , is Western author Zane Grey 's sequel to Riders of the Purple Sage . Originally published under the title The Rainbow Trail in 1915 , it was re-edited and re-released in recent years as The Desert Crucible with the original manuscript that Grey submitted to publishers .   The novel takes place ten years after events of Riders of the Purple Sage . The wall to Surprise Valley has broken , and Jane Withersteen is forced to choose between Lassiter 's life and Fay Larkin 's marriage to a Mormon .   Both novels are notable for their protagonists ' mild opposition to Mormon polygamy , but in The Rainbow Trail this theme is treated more explicitly . The plots of both books revolve around the victimization of women in the Mormon culture : events in Riders of the Purple Sage are centered on the struggle of a Mormon woman who sacrifices her wealth and social status to avoid becoming a junior wife of the head of a local church , while The Rainbow Trail contrasts the older Mormons with the rising generation of Mormon women who will not tolerate polygamy and Mormon men who do not seek it .   The novel is the basis of a 1931 film of the same name . Frank McGrath , later of Wagon Train , made his acting debut in this film though his role is uncredited .

neg: Kamen Rider Black RX is a Japanese tokusatsu superhero television series produced as part of the Kamen Rider Series . The ninth show in the franchise , it is a joint collaboration between Ishimori Productions and Toei Company , and aired on the Mainichi Broadcasting System and the Tokyo Broadcasting System from October 23 , 1988 to September 24 , 1989 . The series is a direct sequel to Kamen Rider Black and the first to feature a team-up with the past Riders since the 1984 TV special Birth of the 10th ! Kamen Riders All Together !! .   The series was adapted by Saban in North America as Masked Rider . The Americanization featured a heavily altered story and all new characters , in an attempt to fit the series in as a spin-off of the Power Rangers series .   This was also the last installment of the Kamen Rider Series to be produced in the Shōwa period and the first to be produced in the Heisei era -- Episode 11 was delayed by one week following Emperor Hirohito 's death .

neg: Nowhere Man (comics) Nowhere Man is a comic limited series from Virgin Comics created   The series will be an odyssey of futurist science fiction , in an epoch where man has traded privacy for safety . It will be written by Hugh Jackman and Marc Guggenheim , who wrote stories for Wolf and The Amazing Spider-Man and created Eli Stone , with art from Paul Gulacy .   The Australian actor Hugh Jackman affirmed in a bulletin that he hopes that Nowhere Man should reach sufficient popularity as to turn into a movie .

neg: Lucky (Indian TV series) Lucky is an Indian television fantasy-drama series that aired on Star Plus between 2006 and 2009 . The show is about a man named Lucky played by actor Gautam Rode and was produced by Sagar Arts Productions and directed by Nisser Parvej .   He runs a fake antique store . One day he finds out he is the fifth Rakshak ( is supposed to protect antiques from being stolen ) . After that incident in every episode he goes on an adventure to save antiques with the help of Inder Mohan Sharma ( Gyan Prakash Sharma ) , Acharya Joshi a 500-year-old friendly ghost , ( Anang Desai ) , and Captain Paswan ( Banwarilal Jhol ) .  Aired from 2006 to 2009   The show had hour-long episodes with each episode featuring different adventures of Lucky . It had Gautam Rode , Anang Desai and Navni Parihar playing regular roles . Amit Behl and Mouli Ganguly have also made episodic appearances in the show .

neg: Trinity Seven is a fantasy romantic comedy manga series by Kenji Saitō with art by Akinari Nao . It has been serialized in Fujimi Shobo 's shōnen manga magazine Monthly Dragon Age since 2010 and collected in fifteen tankōbon volumes as of August 2016 . A light novel adaptation by Kenji Saitō with art by Akinari Nao is being published by Kadokawa Shoten . The first volume was released on November 8 , 2014 . An anime television series adaptation by Seven Arcs Pictures started airing in October 2014 . An anime film adaptation titled Trinity Seven the Movie : The Eternal Library and the Alchemist Girl premiered on February 25 , 2017 .

neg: Ghost Rider Ghost Rider is the name of several fictional supernatural antiheroes appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Marvel had previously used the name for a Western character whose name was later changed to Phantom Rider .   The first supernatural Ghost Rider is stunt motorcyclist Johnny Blaze , who , in order to save the life of his father , agreed to give his soul to `` Satan '' ( later revealed to be an arch-demon named Mephisto ) . At night and when around evil , Blaze finds his flesh consumed by hellfire , causing his head to become a flaming skull . He rides a fiery motorcycle and wields blasts of hellfire from his body , usually from his skeletal hands . He eventually learns he has been bonded with the demon Zarathos . Blaze starred in the series from 1972 to 1983 . The subsequent Ghost Rider series ( 1990 -- 1998 ) featured Danny Ketch as a new Ghost Rider . After his sister was injured by ninja gangsters , Ketch came in contact with a motorcycle that had somehow been mystically enchanted to contain the essence of a Spirit of Vengeance . Blaze reappeared in this 1990s series as a supporting character , and it was later revealed that Danny and his sister were Johnny Blaze 's long lost siblings . In 2000s comics , Blaze again became the Ghost Rider , succeeding Ketch . In 2013 , Robbie Reyes became Ghost Rider as part of the Marvel NOW ! initiative .   Nicolas Cage starred as the Johnny Blaze iteration of the character in the 2007 film Ghost Rider and the sequel Ghost Rider : Spirit of Vengeance in 2012 . Gabriel Luna plays the Robbie Reyes version in the television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.

neg: 7th World Science Fiction Convention The 7th World Science Fiction Convention , also known as Cinvention , was held September 3 -- 5 . 1949 , at the Hotel Metropole in Cincinnati , Ohio , United States .   The Guests of Honor were Lloyd A. Eshbach ( pro ) and Ted Carnell ( fan ) . Don Ford carried out the duties of Chairman , but was officially Secretary-Treasurer ; Charles R. Tanner had the honorary title of Chairman . Total attendance was approximately 190 ; noteworthy attendees included Forrest J. Ackerman , Hannes Bok , Lester del Rey . Vince Hamlin . Sam Moskowitz , Rog Phillips , Milton Rothman , `` Doc '' Smith , and George O. Smith .

neg: Shel Dorf Sheldon `` Shel '' Dorf ( July 5 , 1933 - November 3 , 2009 ) was an American comic book enthusiast and the founder of the San Diego Comic-Con International . Dorf was also a freelance artist and graphic designer , who lettered the Steve Canyon comic strip for the last 12 to 14 years of the strip 's run .