query: One type of spread is Vegemite.

pos: Spread (food) A spread is a food that is literally spread , generally with a knife , onto food products such as bread and crackers . Spreads are added to food in order to enhance the flavor or texture of the food , which may be considered bland without it . Spreads should be distinguished from dips , such as salsa , which are generally not applied to spread onto food but have food dipped into them instead . Peanut butter is a typical example of spread .   Common spreads include dairy spreads ( such as cheeses , creams , and butters -- although the term butter is broadly applied to many spreads ) , honey , plant-derived spreads ( such as jams , jellies , and hummus ) , yeast spreads ( such as vegemite and marmite ) , and meat-based spreads ( such as pâté ) .

neg: Crema (dairy product) Crema , sometimes referred to as crema espesa ( English : `` thick cream '' ) , and referred to as crema fresca ( English : `` fresh cream '' ) in Mexico , is a Mexican dairy product prepared with heavy cream and buttermilk . Salt and lime juice may also be used in its preparation . Its fat content can range from 18 percent to 36 percent . In Mexico , it is sold directly to consumers by ranches outside of large cities , and is available in Mexican and Latino grocery stores in the United States . Crema is used as a food topping , a condiment and as an ingredient in sauces . It is similar in texture and flavor to crème fraîche and sour cream .

neg: Protected cultivation In the present scenario of perpetual demand for better quality vegetables and continuously shrinking land holdings , protected cultivation is the best choice for quality produce and efficient use of land and other resources . Protected cultivation means some level of control over plant microclimate to alleviate one or more of abiotic stresses for optimum plant growth which can be achieved in naturally ventilated poly-house or net - / polynet-house . Crop yields can be several times higher than those under open field conditions , quality of produce is superior , higher input use efficiencies are achieved and vegetable export can be enhanced . Extreme weather conditions , in some countries , under the open field conditions are the major limiting factors for achieving higher yield and better quality of vegetables . Under such circumstances , protected cultivation is best option . Keeping these points in view , net-house and naturally ventilated poly-house technology has been recommended for the cultivation of different vegetables .

neg: Food distribution Food distribution is the process in which a general population is supplied with food . The Food and Agriculture Organization ( FAO ) considers food distribution as a subset of the food system . The process and methodology behind food distribution varies by location . Food distribution has been a defining characteristic of human behavior in all societies , and recordings of food distribution date back for thousands of years .   One clear and defined documentation of historical food distribution comes from the Roman Republic and Empire . Many Roman rulers and emperors sought to determine the best method of distributing food throughout the Mediterranean , and as the demands of the Roman people changed in time , so too did their leaders ' plans . In the few centuries after the death of Christ , the annona became a prominent aspect in Roman food distribution . As the Empire expanded and the accessibility to certain foods changed , the demand for grain and wine drastically increased , and became a defining aspect of Roman food culture .   Societies prominent after the fall of the Romans continued to deal with the ever-present dilemma of food distribution . The distribution systems of the United States and Latin America have developed in unique ways , and faced different problems in the past century . The United States ' food distribution system is vast in size and strength , and is dominated by corporations and industry . Current methods of food distribution in the US rely on the country 's advanced network of infrastructure and transportation . In less developed parts of the world like Latin America , food distribution differs from the US .   There are a multitude of risk factors that can affect food distribution . War , economic failure , political problems , and weather conditions all play a role in determining the efficiency of any food system . Two recent examples of war and economic failure impacting food distribution includes the decline of food distribution in Japan during World War II and food recession in Sub-Saharan Africa during the late 1970s and early 1980s . In both cases , food distribution was negatively affected and the population in these areas consequently suffered .   Special organizations exist today to prevent any total collapses in food distribution , assist in developing food distribution and food systems in underdeveloped areas , and respond to food distribution crises . The Food and Agriculture Organization ( FAO ) plays a key role in facilitating the growth of food distribution systems all over the world . A mixture of federal , non-profit , and volunteer organizations function in the United States to safeguard the well-being of the US food distribution system . The American Red Cross is one key example of a volunteer organization is the US that has an international presence .

neg: Verbenaceae The Verbenaceae -LSB- v3rbi : ` naysee -RSB- are a family , commonly known as the verbena family or vervain family , of mainly tropical flowering plants . It contains trees , shrubs , and herbs notable for heads , spikes , or clusters of small flowers , many of which have an aromatic smell .   Recent phylogenetic studies have shown that numerous genera traditionally classified in Verbenaceae belong instead in Lamiaceae . The new narrowly circumscribed Verbenaceae family includes some 35 genera and 1,200 species . The mangrove genus Avicennia , sometimes placed in the Verbenaceae or in its own family , Avicenniaceae , has been placed in the Acanthaceae .   Economically important Verbenaceae include :  Lemon verbena ( Aloysia triphylla ) , grown for aroma or flavoring  Verbenas or vervains ( Verbena ) , some used in herbalism , others grown in gardens

neg: Pålægschokolade Pålægschokolade are thin slices of chocolate ( or vekao ) that are used as a topping ( in Danish , en :p ålæg #Danish ) on bread , such as rugbrød or white bread .  It is available in both light and dark chocolate , with the light variety being more common ( the Danish confectionery Toms sells 70 % light and 30 % dark ) .  Pålægschokolade is found primarily in Denmark . In most other countries , Nutella and other chocolate spreads are more popular .  In recent years , organic varieties of pålægschokolade have been introduced into the market .   Pålægschokolade was invented by Galle & Jessen in 1963

neg: Benedictine (spread) Benedictine or benedictine spread is a spread made with cucumbers and cream cheese . Invented near the beginning of the 20th century , it was originally and still is used for making cucumber sandwiches , but in recent years it has been used as a dip or combined with meat in a sandwich . This spread can be obtained pre-made from some Louisville area grocery stores .   Although benedictine is rarely seen in restaurants outside the state of Kentucky , it has been written about in articles in national publications such as the The New York Times , The Washington Post , and Saveur Magazine , and also reported about on multimedia outlets such as the Food Network and NPR .   A benedictine-based sandwich was featured on the Food Network 's 50 States 50 Sandwiches program in 2012 , on the television shows of celebrity chefs Paula Deen and Damaris Phillips , and in Southern Living magazine as one of June 's `` 2011 Best Recipes '' for their corresponding issue .

neg: Tree crown measurement The crown of a tree consists of the mass of foliage and branches growing outward from the trunk of the tree . The average crown spread is the average horizontal width of the crown , taken from dripline to dripline as one moves around the crown . Some listings will also list the maximum crown spread which represents the greatest width from dripline to dripline across the crown . Other crown measurements that are commonly taken include limb length , crown volume , and foliage density . Canopy mapping surveys the position and size of all of the limbs down to a certain size in the crown of the tree and is commonly used when measuring the overall wood volume of a tree .   Average crown spread is one of the parameters commonly measured as part of various champion tree programs and documentation efforts . Other commonly used parameters , outlined in tree measurement , include height , girth , and volume . Additional details on the methodology of tree height measurement , tree girth measurement , and tree volume measurement are presented in the links herein . American Forests , for example , uses a formula to calculate Big Tree Points as part of their Big Tree Program that awards a tree 1 point for each foot of height , 1 point for each inch of girth , and 1/4 point for each foot of crown spread . The tree whose point total is the highest for that species is crowned as the champion in their registry . The other parameter commonly measured , in addition to the species and location information , is wood volume . A general outline of tree measurements is provided in the article tree measurement and more detailed instruction in taking these basic measurements is provided in `` The Tree Measuring Guidelines of the Eastern Native Tree Society '' by Will Blozan .

neg: Triticale Triticale ( × Triticosecale ) , -LSB- trɪtɪˈkeɪliː -RSB- is a hybrid of wheat ( Triticum ) and rye ( Secale ) first bred in laboratories during the late 19th century in Scotland and Germany . Commercially available triticale is almost always a second-generation hybrid , i.e. , a cross between two kinds of primary ( first-cross ) triticales . As a rule , triticale combines the yield potential and grain quality of wheat with the disease and environmental tolerance ( including soil conditions ) of rye . Only recently has it been developed into a commercially viable crop . Depending on the cultivar , triticale can more or less resemble either of its parents . It is grown mostly for forage or fodder , although some triticale-based foods can be purchased at health food stores or are to be found in some breakfast cereals .   When crossing wheat and rye , wheat is used as the female parent and rye as the male parent ( pollen donor ) . The resulting hybrid is sterile and must be treated with colchicine to induce polyploidy and thus the ability to reproduce itself .   The primary producers of triticale are Poland , Germany , Belarus , France and Russia . In 2014 , according to the Food and Agriculture Organization ( FAO ) , 17.1 million tons were harvested in 37 countries across the world .   The triticale hybrids are all amphidiploid , which means the plant is diploid for two genomes derived from different species . In other words , triticale is an allotetraploid . In earlier years , most work was done on octoploid triticale . Different ploidy levels have been created and evaluated over time . The tetraploids showed little promise , but hexaploid triticale was successful enough to find commercial application .   The International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center triticale improvement program was intended to improve food production and nutrition in developing countries . Triticale was thought to have potential in the production of bread and other food products , such as cookies , pasta , pizza dough and breakfast cereals . The protein content is higher than that of wheat , although the glutenin fraction is less . The grain has also been stated to have higher levels of lysine than wheat . Acceptance would require the milling industry to adapt to triticale , as the milling techniques employed for wheat are unsuited to triticale . Sell et al. found triticale could be used as a feed grain , and later research found its starch was particularly readily digested . As a feed grain , triticale is already well established and of high economic importance . It has received attention as a potential energy crop , and research is currently being conducted on the use of the crop 's biomass in bioethanol production .

neg: Bread in culture Bread has a significance beyond mere nutrition in many cultures in the West and Near and Middle East because of its history and contemporary importance . Bread is also significant in Christianity as one of the elements ( alongside wine ) of the Eucharist ; see sacramental bread . The word companion comes from Latin com - `` with '' + panis `` bread '' .   The political significance of bread is considerable . In 19th century Britain , the inflated price of bread due to the Corn Laws caused major political and social divisions , and was central to debates over free trade versus protectionism . The Assize of Bread and Ale in the 13th century demonstrated the importance of bread in medieval times by setting heavy punishments for short-changing bakers , and bread appeared in the Magna Carta a half-century earlier .   Like other foods , choosing the `` right '' kind of bread is used as a social signal , to let others know , for example , that the person buying expensive bread is financially secure , or the person buying whatever type of bread that the current fashions deem most healthful is a health-conscious consumer .   As a simple , cheap , and adaptable type of food , bread is often used as a synecdoche for food in general in some languages and dialects , such as Greek and Punjabi . There are many variations on the basic recipe of bread worldwide , such as bagels , baguettes , biscuits , bocadillo , brioche , chapatis , Challah , lavash , naan , pitas , pizza , pretzels , puris , tortillas , and many others . There are various types of traditional `` cheese breads '' in many countries , including Brazil , Colombia , Italy , and Russia .

neg: Viviparity Viviparity literally means `` giving live birth '' , from the Latin vivus ( `` living '' ) and parere ( `` to beget '' ) . The term is in use both in zoology and in botany as a term for certain classes of modes of reproduction , though it has different meanings in the two contexts .  The adjective viviparous is derived from `` viviparity '' and describes both the various modes of reproduction and the organisms that reproduce in any such mode .   In zoology viviparity refers to development of the embryo inside the body of the parent , eventually leading to live birth , as opposed to reproduction by laying eggs that complete their incubation outside the parental body . There are several forms of reproductive processes that answer to that description however , and they differ so radically , both in their nature and evolutionary origin , that no definitive and exclusive terminology is universally accepted , and the usage of the term is largely a matter of convenience and preference .   In botany vivipary is a common alternative form of the term , and botanical definitions also vary . One usage refers to reproduction via embryos , such as shoots or bulbils , as opposed to germinating externally from a dropped , dormant seed , as is usual in plants ; however , vivipary also may refer to plants arising from buds or seedlings that have formed or germinated while still on the parent plant , and are dropped when ready to establish themselves in the substrate . In botany too , the usage of the term is largely a matter of convenience and preference .

neg: Panzergewinde The Stahlpanzerrohrgewinde standard for screw threads , more often called by the shorter name Panzergewinde ( pronunciation ) , is a technical standard created in Germany and subsequently used in various countries , such as the German-speaking zone ( Germany , Switzerland , Austria ) and neighboring European countries . The German name `` Stahlpanzerrohrgewinde '' translates to English as ` steel ( pipe armoured ) conduit thread ' . The thread is used to join pieces of electrical conduit and cable glands .   Alternative stylings of the German name are Stahl-Panzer-Rohr-Gewinde and an abbreviated form , StaPa-Rohr-Gewinde .   The standard , codified by the Deutsches Institut für Normung ( DIN , German Institute for Standardization ) , is DIN 40430 . Panzergewinde sizes are named with the prefix PG plus a nominal number which approximately corresponds to the maximum cable diameter ( in millimeters ) that can be passed through the conduit .   Because the walls of the conduit are usually relatively thin , the thread depth should not be very large . Thus a thread angle of 80 ° is used . The Verband der Elektrotechnik , Elektronik und Informationstechnik ( VDE ) ( which began as a trade association for standardization in electrical engineering ) originally standardized ( and named ) the thread for use with conduit and cable glands that were made of steel , although today the thread is used with both steel ( typically plated with combinations of nickel , zinc , or tin to resist rusting ) and polyvinyl chloride ( PVC ) .   Beginning in 2000 , the VDE standard for cable glands ( VDE 0619 ) was formally replaced by EN 50262 . After a transitional period of several years during which it could still be used , it was replaced in 2003 by a final metric fine thread with 1.5 mm pitch . Similarly , conduit threads were replaced by EN 60423 .   Even today , Panzergewinde cable glands are still often found on chemical reactors and bioreactors ( for example , PG13 .5 thread for screwing in sensors ) and various other equipment , enclosures , junction boxes , and connectors .

neg: Cheez Whiz Cheez Whiz is a processed cheese sauce or spread sold by Kraft Foods . It was developed by a team led by food scientist Edwin Traisman ( 1915 -- 2007 ) . While many sources give its national debut as 1953 , it was advertised by Kraft and retailers in several states in late 1952 .   Orange in color , it usually comes in a glass jar and is used as a topping for cheesesteaks , corn chips , hot dogs and other foods . It is marketed in Canada , Mexico , the Philippines , the United States and Venezuela .   Cheez Whiz is one of a number of `` processed cheese foods '' , a category including some types of individually wrapped cheese slices . These products contain regular cheese that has been reprocessed along with additional ingredients such as emulsifiers and stabilizing agents , such as xanthan gum or carrageenan , and derive their tanginess and flavor from additional ingredients such as citric acid and flavoring compounds . Annatto is used for coloring .

neg: Shattering (agriculture) In agriculture , shattering is the dispersal of a crop 's seeds upon their becoming ripe . From an agricultural perspective this is generally an undesirable process , and in the history of crop domestication several important advances have involved a mutation in a crop plant that reduced shattering -- instead of the seeds being dispersed as soon as they were ripe , the mutant plants retained the seeds for longer , which made harvesting much more effective .   A particularly important mutation that was selected very early in the history of agriculture removed the `` brittle rachis '' problem from wheat . A ripe head ( `` ear '' ) of wild-type wheat is easily shattered into dispersal units when touched , or blown by the wind , because during ripening a series of abscission layers forms that divides the rachis into short segments , each attached to a single spikelet ( which contains 2 -- 3 grains along with chaff ) .   A different class of shattering mechanisms involves dehiscence of the mature fruit , which releases the seeds .   Current research priorities to understand the genetics of shattering include the following crops :  Barley  Buckwheat  Grain Amaranth  Oilseed rape ( Brassica napus )   Sesame and canola are harvested before the seed is fully mature , so that the pods do not split and drop the seeds .

neg: Cruciferous vegetables Cruciferous vegetables are vegetables of the family Brassicaceae ( also called Cruciferae ) with many genera , species , and cultivars being raised for food production such as cauliflower , cabbage , garden cress , bok choy , broccoli , brussels sprouts and similar green leaf vegetables . The family takes its alternate name ( Cruciferae , New Latin for `` cross-bearing '' ) from the shape of their flowers , whose four petals resemble a cross .   Ten of the most common cruciferous vegetables eaten by people , known colloquially in North America as cole crops and in Britain and Ireland as `` brassicas '' , are in a single species ( Brassica oleracea ) ; they are not distinguished from one another taxonomically , only by horticultural category of cultivar groups . Numerous other genera and species in the family are also edible . Cruciferous vegetables are one of the dominant food crops worldwide . They are high in vitamin C and soluble fiber and contain multiple nutrients and phytochemicals .

neg: Western flower thrips The western flower thrips -LSB- Frankliniella occidentalis ( Pergande ) -RSB- is an important pest insect in agriculture . This species of thrips is native to the Southwestern United States but has spread to other continents , including Europe , Australia ( where it was identified in May 1993 ) , and South America via transport of infested plant material . It has been documented to feed on over 500 different species of host plants , including a large number of fruit , vegetable , and ornamental crops . The adult male is about 1 mm long ; the female is slightly larger , about 1.4 mm in length . Most western flower thrips are female and reproduce by arrhenotokous parthenogenesis ; i.e. females can produce males from unfertilized eggs , but females arise only from fertilized eggs . Males are rare , and are always pale yellow , while females vary in color , often by season , from red to yellow to dark brown . Each adult is elongated and thin , with two pairs of long wings . The eggs are oval or kidney-shaped , white , and about 0.2 mm long . The nymph is yellowish in color with red eyes .   The lifecycle of the western flower thrips varies in length due to temperature , with the adult living from two to five or more weeks , and the nymph stage lasting from five to 20 days . Each female may lay 40 to over 100 eggs in the tissues of the plant , often in the flower , but also in the fruit or foliage . The newly hatched nymph feeds on the plant for two of its instars , then falls off the plant to complete its other two instar stages . The insect damages the plant in several ways . The major damage is caused by the adult ovipositing in the plant tissue . The plant is also injured by feeding , which leaves holes and areas of silvery discoloration when the plant reacts to the insect 's saliva . Nymphs feed heavily on new fruit just beginning to develop from the flower . The western flower thrip is also the major vector of tomato spotted wilt virus , a serious plant disease .   Western flower thrips are a year-round pest , but are less destructive during wet weather . Damage can be reduced by growing barriers of nonhost plants around crops and by eliminating reservoir plants , plants to which the thrips are especially attracted , such as jimson weed . The thrips ' natural enemies include pirate bugs of genus Orius . Other agents show promise as biological pest control , including the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae , and the mirid Dicyphus hesperus .   Flower-feeding thrips are routinely attracted to bright floral colors , especially white , blue , and yellow , and will land and attempt to feed . Some flower thrips will `` bite '' humans wearing clothing with such bright colors , though no species feed on blood ; such biting does not result in any known disease transmission , but skin irritations are known to occur .

neg: Sticky bun Sticky buns are a dessert or breakfast sweet roll that generally consist of rolled pieces of leavened dough -- sometimes containing brown sugar or cinnamon -- which are then compressed together to form a kind of flat loaf corresponding to the size of the baking pan . Before the dough is placed in the pan , the latter is lined with the `` sticky '' ingredients like maple syrup , honey ( or both ) , as well as nuts and perhaps more sugar and sometimes butter . After the buns are baked , they are inverted so that the pan lining then becomes a topping . Commercially produced sticky buns , however , are usually just baked in an aluminum loaf tin , which allows the topping to suffuse the buns , making them sticky throughout . The way the buns were baked allows them to more or less be pulled off as individual servings , although it is often a futile effort .   Sticky buns have been consumed since the Middle Ages , at which time cinnamon became more prominent .   Sticky buns also have a Germanic origin and were originally known as `` Schnecken '' . The Pennsylvania Dutch introduced Schnecken in the United States . Wherever 18th-century German settlers ( such as the Pennsylvania Dutch ) went , sticky buns have remained long after many other cultural traits have disappeared .   In Venezuela , there is a very similar local version of them called golfeado . The main difference between them is the ground fresh cheese on top that gives the bun a very particular sweet-salty taste .

neg: Spread Spread may refer to :  Statistical dispersion .  Spread ( food ) , an edible paste put on other foods .  The score difference being wagered on in spread betting .  Spread ( rational trigonometry ) , the measure of line inclination in rational trigonometry .  Temperature-Dewpoint spread , dew point depression .  Two-page spread a redundant term , also simply called `` spread '' , referring to two adjacent , facing pages in a magazine or other publication with conjoined or connected content .  In finance , the difference in price between related securities :  Bid-offer spread , between the buying and selling price of a commodity or security .  Spread trade , between two related securities or commodities .  Option-adjusted spread , on mortgage backed securities where the borrower has the right to repay in full .  Yield spread , difference in percentage rate of return of two instruments .  Z-spread , on mortgage backed securities .  Credit spread ( bond ) , on bonds .  A term used for speed reading in policy debate .  The laying of Tarot cards for divinatory uses .  Spread ( film ) , a 2009 film .  Spread , West Virginia .  Bedspread , for protective or decorative use .  Spreadability , a concept in media studies .

neg: Spreadmart A spreadmart ( spreadsheet data mart ) is a business data analysis system running on spreadsheets or other desktop databases that is created and maintained by individuals or groups to perform the tasks normally done by a data mart or data warehouse . Typically a spreadmart is created by individuals at different times using different data sources and rules for defining metrics in an organization , creating a fractured view of the enterprise . The concept was coined in 2002 by Wayne Eckerson at TDWI in his article Taming Spreadsheet Jockeys .   Critics like Stephen Samild argue that the definition stems from a biased view that sees a data warehouse as desirable end-result , whereas One might more accurately define data marts and data warehouses as `` scaled-up systems which perform some of the tasks normally done by a spreadmart '' . In the rest of the article Stephen Samild argues that a spreadmart fulfills a number of roles that a data warehouse can not fulfill as easily or as cheaply due to the lack of integration with unstructured data , the lack of read-write capabilities , the long time span needed for integration of new sources in the data warehouse and the inherent ` free form ' of many analytical presentations done in Word , PowerPoint or Excel .   Usually , spreadmarts grow where standard Business Intelligence ( BI ) reporting is too inflexible and too slow . A Business analyst uses the `` export to Microsoft Excel '' button in his BI software and creates his own report with the exported data table . By this , the number of independently generated spreadsheets dealing with a particular group of analyses grows inside the company , and the data inside each spreadsheet is uncoupled from its source . When this happens , the data reflected in the spreadsheets is no longer verifiable and is not automatically kept up to date .  Usually these spreadsheet files are distributed via email to colleagues resulting in even more copies of the data roaming through the enterprise . With Microsoft PowerPivot for Microsoft SharePoint , Excel spreadsheets can be distributed as dashboards throughout the entire company , giving even more users the tools to create spreadmarts .   The growth of spreadmarts poses tangible risks for companies , since undefined and uncoupled data can be used to draw false conclusions that lead to wrong decisions , which will cost time and money to discover and correct . Although Business Intelligence 2.0 software vendors claim to have overcome this issue , locally installed spreadsheet and graphing software continues to be easier to access and use , giving the business analyst the freedom to create the needed analysis quickly , and choose to live with the risk of data inconsistency that goes with it .

neg: Asiago cheese Asiago ( -LSB- ɑːsiˈɑːɡoʊ -RSB- or -LSB- ɑːˈsjɑːɡoʊ -RSB- -LSB- aˈzjaːɡo -RSB- ) is an Italian cow 's milk cheese that can assume different textures , according to its aging , from smooth for the fresh Asiago ( Asiago Pressato ) to a crumbly texture for the aged cheese ( Asiago d'allevo ) , the flavor of which is reminiscent of Parmesan . The aged cheese is often grated in salads , soups , pastas , and sauces while the fresh Asiago is sliced to prepare panini or sandwiches ; it can also be melted on a variety of dishes and cantaloupe .   As Asiago has a protected designation of origin ( Denominazione di Origine Protetta or DOP , see below ) , the only `` authentic '' Asiago is produced around the alpine area of the Asiago Plateau , in the regions of Veneto and Trentino-Alto Adige . Asiago cheese is one of the most typical products of the Veneto region . It was , and still is , the most popular and widely used cheese in the DOP area where it is produced . The production area is strictly defined : It starts from the meadows of the Po Valley and finishes in the Alpine pastures between the Asiago Plateau and the Trentino 's highlands . The officially designated area where the milk is collected and Asiago DOP cheese is produced extends to four provinces in the north-east of Italy : the entire area of Vicenza and Trento and part of the provinces of Padua and Treviso . Asiago cheese which is produced and matured in dairies located more than 600 m above sea level , using milk from farms also more than 600 m above sea level , is entitled to the additional label `` Product of the Mountains '' .   Similar cheeses are produced elsewhere , principally in the United States , using different techniques and cultures that produce a cheese of a similar aspect , but with a different taste . The best-known of these is Wisconsin Cheese , a mezzano cheese with a sharper flavour ( piccante ) than the Italian .

neg: Danger zone (food safety) The temperature range in which food-borne bacteria can grow is known as the danger zone . Food safety agencies , such as the United States ' Food Safety and Inspection Service ( FSIS ) , define the danger zone as roughly 4 to . The FSIS stipulates that potentially hazardous food should not be stored at temperatures in this range in order to prevent foodborne illness ( for example , a refrigerator 's temperature must be kept below 40 F ) , and that food that remains in this zone for more than two hours should not be consumed . Foodborne microorganisms grow much faster in the middle of the zone , at temperatures between 21 and .   Food-borne bacteria , in large enough numbers , may cause food poisoning , symptoms similar to gastroenteritis or `` stomach flu '' ( a misnomer , as true influenza primarily affects the respiratory system ) . Some of the symptoms include stomach cramps , nausea , vomiting , diarrhea , and fever . Food-borne illness becomes more dangerous in certain populations , such as people with weakened immune systems , young children , the elderly , and pregnant women . In Canada , there are approximately 11 million cases of food-borne disease per year . These symptoms can begin as early as shortly after and as late as weeks after consumption of the contaminated food .   Time and temperature control plays a critical role in food safety . To prevent time-temperature abuse , the amount of time food spends in the danger zone must be minimized . A logarithmic relationship exists between microbial cell death and temperature : a significantly large number of cells may survive slightly lower temperatures . In addition to reducing the time spent in the danger zone , foods should be moved through the danger zone as few times as possible when reheating or cooling .   Foods that are potentially hazardous inside the danger zone :  Meat : beef , poultry , pork , seafood  Eggs and other protein-rich foods  Dairy products  Cut or peeled fresh produce  Cooked vegetables , beans , rice , pasta  Sauces , such as gravy  Sprouts  Any foods containing the above , e.g. casseroles , salads , quiches


query: The Divergent film series was worked on by Octavia Spencer.

pos: Octavia Spencer Octavia Lenora Spencer ( born May 25 , 1972 ) is an American actress and author . She made her film debut in A Time to Kill . Her breakthrough came in 2011 , when she starred as Minny Jackson in the period film The Help , for which she won the Academy Award , Golden Globe , SAG , BAFTA , and Critics ' Choice Movie Award for Best Supporting Actress . She had a critically acclaimed performance in Ryan Coogler 's drama Fruitvale Station ( 2013 ) , for which she received the National Board of Review Award for Best Supporting Actress . Recently , Spencer has received acclaim for her work in the films Get on Up , Black or White , Smashed , Snowpiercer , The Divergent Series : Insurgent , and Zootopia . In 2017 , she received Academy Award , Golden Globe , and SAG nominations for Best Supporting Actress for her performance as mathematician Dorothy Vaughan in the drama Hidden Figures .   As an author , Spencer has started a children 's book series titled Randi Rhodes Ninja Detective , publishing two books in the series - The Case of the Time-Capsule Bandit ( 2013 ) and The Sweetest Heist in History ( 2015 ) .

neg: Mark Morgan (producer) Mark Paul Morgan is an American film producer . He has appeared on Ripoff Report numerous times . been a producer and executive producer on films including the The Twilight Saga film series , Percy Jackson & the Olympians : The Lightning Thief and the Agent Cody Banks films .

neg: Kate Winslet filmography Kate Winslet is a British actress and singer who has appeared in numerous films and television series . Her film debut was as Juliet Hulme in the 1994 film Heavenly Creatures . She went on to appear in the later 1990s films Sense and Sensibility as Marianne Dashwood ( 1995 ) , which earned her a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress , Jude as Sue Bridehead ( 1996 ) , Hamlet as Ophelia ( 1996 ) and Titanic as Rose DeWitt Bukater ( 1997 ) . For her role in Titanic , it earned her Best Actress nominations for an Academy Award , Golden Globe and Screen Actors Guild Award .   In the 2000s , she was cast in Enigma with Dougray Scott ( 2001 ) , Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind with Jim Carrey ( 2004 ) , Finding Neverland with Johnny Depp ( 2004 ) , The Holiday with Jack Black ( 2006 ) , The Reader with David Kross ( 2008 ) and Revolutionary Road with Leonardo DiCaprio ( 2008 ) , her second collaboration with him , the first being in Titanic . She won an Academy Award for Best Actress for her role in The Reader . She also lent her voice to the animated film Flushed Away in 2006 with Hugh Jackman .   In 2011 , Winslet starred in the all-star cast films , in Contagion with Marion Cotillard , Matt Damon , Jude Law and Gwyneth Paltrow and in Carnage alongside Jodie Foster , Christoph Waltz and John C. Reilly . In 2014 , she played Jeanine Matthews in the first film of the series , Divergent , based on the novel of the same name . She reprised the role in the 2015 sequel Insurgent .   In 2015 , she starred in titular role in The Dressmaker and as an ex marketing chief of Apple Joanna Hoffman in a biopic Steve Jobs , earning her seventh Oscar nomination .   Her television work includes appearing in several episodes of the series Dark Season in 1991 , and three episodes on Get Back from 1992 to 1993 . In 2005 , she appeared in an episode of Extras as herself and received her first Emmy nomination and went on to win one for her portrayal of Mildred Pierce Beragon in Todd Haynes 's 2011 miniseries Mildred Pierce .

neg: Joss Whedon Joss Whedon ( -LSB- ˈwiːdən -RSB- ) ( born Joseph Hill Whedon on June 23 , 1964 ) is an American screenwriter , film and television director , film and television producer , comic book author , and composer . He is the founder of Mutant Enemy Productions and co-founder of Bellwether Pictures , and is best known as the creator of the television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer ( 1997 -- 2003 ) , Angel ( 1999 -- 2004 ) , Firefly ( 2002 ) , Dollhouse ( 2009 -- 10 ) and Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. ( from 2013 ) .   Whedon co-wrote the Pixar film Toy Story ( 1995 ) , wrote and directed the Firefly film continuation Serenity ( 2005 ) , co-wrote and directed the Internet mini-series Dr. Horrible 's Sing-Along Blog ( 2008 ) , co-wrote and produced the horror comedy The Cabin in the Woods ( 2012 ) , and wrote and directed the Marvel Cinematic Universe superhero films The Avengers ( 2012 ) and its sequel Avengers : Age of Ultron ( 2015 ) .

neg: The Things We Bury `` The Things We Bury '' is the eighth episode of the second season of the American television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. , based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D. ( Strategic Homeland Intervention , Enforcement and Logistics Division ) , revolving around the character of Phil Coulson and his team of S.H.I.E.L.D. agents as they search for a hidden alien city , and discover secrets about their enemies . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) , sharing continuity with the films of the franchise . The episode was written by DJ Doyle and directed by Milan Cheylov .   Clark Gregg reprises his role as Coulson from the film series , and is joined by principal cast members Ming-Na Wen , Brett Dalton , Chloe Bennet , Iain De Caestecker , Elizabeth Henstridge , and Nick Blood . Hayley Atwell reprises her role from other MCU projects in flashbacks with connections to the television series Agent Carter and the films Captain America : The First Avenger and Captain America : The Winter Soldier .   `` The Things We Bury '' originally aired on ABC on November 18 , 2014 , and according to Nielsen Media Research , was watched by 4.58 million viewers . The episode received a mostly positive critical response , with the episode 's flashback sequences , and the performance of MacLachlan , praised , but an issue of ` over-crowding ' of storylines was frequently brought up by critics .

neg: Survivor (Octavia Butler novel) Survivor is a science fiction novel by American writer Octavia E. Butler . First published in 1978 as part of Butler 's `` Patternist series '' , Survivor is the only one of Butler 's early novels not to be reprinted after its initial editions . Butler expressed dislike for the work , referring to it as `` my Star Trek novel . ''

neg: Unending `` Unending '' is the season finale of the tenth season and series finale of the science fiction television series Stargate SG-1 , and the show 's two-hundred sixteenth episode overall . Written and directed by Robert C. Cooper , the episode originally premiered in the United Kingdom on Sky One on March 13 , 2007 , and in the United States on June 22 , 2007 on the Sci Fi Channel . The episode attracted approximately 2.2 million viewers on its American broadcast , a ratings success for the Sci Fi Channel .   The episode begins with the mass suicide of the Asgard race , who try to preserve their legacy by giving all of their accumulated knowledge and technology to the SG-1 team and the crew of the Earth ship Odyssey . When the ship is attacked by Ori warships , Lieutenant-Colonel Samantha Carter creates a time dilation field that speeds up time within the ship , and it takes fifty years until a defense against the Ori weapons can be found .

neg: Thania St. John Thania Papas St. John is an American television producer and writer .   For much of her career she has written and produced for a number of notable television series including 21 Jump Street , Life Goes On , Lois & Clark : The New Adventures of Superman , Buffy the Vampire Slayer , Roswell , Wild Card , Huff , Eureka , Drop Dead Diva and Unnatural History .   She will be creating the script for an upcoming film based on The Witcher series , due to release in 2017 .   She graduated from Harvard University in 1983 and is one of the founding members of the League of Hollywood Women Writers .

neg: Mark Frost Mark Frost ( born November 25 , 1953 ) is an American novelist , screenwriter , director and film producer , best known as a writer for the television series Hill Street Blues and as the co-creator of the television series Twin Peaks .

neg: List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon , Jed Whedon , and Maurissa Tancharoen , based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D. ( Strategic Homeland Intervention , Enforcement and Logistics Division ) , a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) , sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise .   The series stars Clark Gregg , reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films , as well as Ming-Na Wen , Brett Dalton , Chloe Bennet , Iain De Caestecker , and Elizabeth Henstridge . Nick Blood and Adrianne Palicki joined the cast for the second and third seasons , while Henry Simmons and Luke Mitchell had recurring roles in the second season before being promoted to the main cast for the third . John Hannah , who recurred in the third season , joined the main cast in the fourth . Additionally , several other characters from Marvel Cinematic Universe films and Marvel One-Shots also appear throughout the series , along with other characters based on various Marvel Comics properties . Several characters from the series also appear in the supplemental digital series Marvel 's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. : Slingshot .   This list includes the series ' main cast , all guest stars deemed to have had recurring roles throughout the series , and any other guest who is otherwise notable .

neg: Devils You Know `` Devils You Know '' is the fourth episode of the third season of the American television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. , based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D. ( Strategic Homeland Intervention , Enforcement and Logistics Division ) , revolving around the character of Phil Coulson and his team of S.H.I.E.L.D. agents as they work with a rival organization to hunt Inhumans . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) , sharing continuity with the films of the franchise . The episode was written by Paul Zbyszewski , and directed by Ron Underwood .   Clark Gregg reprises his role as Coulson from the film series , and is joined by series regulars Ming-Na Wen , Brett Dalton , Chloe Bennet , Iain De Caestecker , Elizabeth Henstridge , Nick Blood , Adrianne Palicki , and Henry Simmons . The visual effects for guest star Chad Lindberg 's Inhuman character 's abilities were provided by FuseFX .   `` Devils You Know '' originally aired on ABC on October 20 , 2015 , and according to Nielsen Media Research , was watched by 3.85 million viewers .

neg: Film series A film series ( also referred to as a film franchise ) is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe , or are marketed as a series .   Sometimes the work is conceived from the beginning as a multiple-film work , for example the Three Colours series , but in most cases the success of the original film inspires further films to be made . Individual sequels are relatively common , but are not always successful enough to spawn further installments .   The Marvel Cinematic Universe is the highest grossing film series in unadjusted US Dollar figures surpassing the Harry Potter , Star Wars , James Bond , and Peter Jackson 's The Lord of the Rings series . However , `` Star Wars '' has the highest when adjusted for inflation .

neg: Katherine Connella Katherine Connella ( born December 12 , 1958 in Dallas , Texas ) is an American actress and writer . She had a variety of acting roles from 1976 until 2001 . Connella wrote an autobiography , Sugar and Spice and Puppy Dog Tails : Growing Up Intersexed in 2000 .   The initial idea for the screenplay of the 2005 film Transamerica occurred in conversations between Connella and her then-roommate screenwriter/director Duncan Tucker .

neg: Stargate fandom Stargate fandom is a community of people actively interested in the military science fiction film Stargate and the television shows Stargate SG-1 ( SG1 ) , Stargate Infinity ( SGI ) , Stargate Atlantis ( SGA ) , Stargate Universe ( SGU ) and their spin offs . The first franchise release , Stargate ( 1994 ) spawned four television series successors , four movies ( two in production ) , a plethora of merchandise , and a massive franchise collectively known as the Stargate ( owned by Metro -- Goldwyn -- Mayer and aired by Syfy , which now owns television properties they previously held with Carolco Pictures ) .   Thanks to Stargate fandom , the franchise has spawned other media including books , television series , video games , comic books and audiobooks . These supplements to the film and series trilogies comprise another universe than the series and the film , and have resulted in significant development of the series ' fictional universe . These media kept the franchise going in the interim between the film and series trilogies . In 2008 , Stargate : The Ark of Truth and Continuum was released direct-to-DVD , which in total grossed over 21 million in the United States . In 2002 , the franchise 's first animated series , Stargate Infinity , was released as an introduction to the Expanded Universe . In 2004 , Stargate Atlantis was released as a spin off from Stargate SG-1 and a new Stargate spin-off series entitled Stargate Universe was released in the fall of 2009 .

neg: A Cooler Climate A Cooler Climate is a Showtime Original movie . It originally aired on August 22 , 1999 . It is based on a book with the same name by Zena Collier . Sally Field and Judy Davis were both nominated for their performance in the film during the 6th Annual Screen Actors Guild Awards for outstanding performance by a female actor in a television movie or miniseries . They both also received an Emmy nomination for their performances in the film .

neg: Vampire Academy Vampire Academy is an American best-selling series of six young adult paranormal romance novels by author Richelle Mead . It tells the story of Rosemarie `` Rose '' Hathaway , a seventeen/eighteen-year-old Dhampir girl , who is training to be a guardian of her Moroi best friend , Vasilisa `` Lissa '' Dragomir . In the process of learning how to defeat Strigoi ( the evil undead vampires ) in St. Vladimir 's Academy , Rose finds herself caught in a forbidden romance with her instructor , Dimitri Belikov , while having an unbreakable psychic bond with Lissa .   The first book in the series , Vampire Academy , was published in 2007 ; it was followed by Frostbite in 2008 . The third book in the series , Shadow Kiss was published also in 2008 , and the fourth book , Blood Promise , was published in 2009 . The fifth book , Spirit Bound , and the sixth book , Last Sacrifice , were released in 2010 . As of 2013 , the series has sold 8 million copies in 35 countries .   The first in the series was adapted into a movie directed by Mark Waters , starring Zoey Deutch , Lucy Fry , Danila Kozlovsky , Olga Kurylenko , Gabriel Byrne and was released by The Weinstein Company on February 7 , 2014 .

neg: Diversicon Diversicon is an annual speculative fiction ( science fiction and fantasy , or SF ) convention held the first weekend of August in the Minneapolis-Saint Paul , Minnesota area . Diversicon provides programming and social opportunities to encourage the multicultural , multimedia exploration and celebration of SF by those within and outside of the traditional SF community . Diversicon includes both live and posthumous guests . It is sponsored by SF Minnesota .  Diversicon 24 will be July 29-31 , 2016 in Saint Paul , Minnesota . The guests of honor will be Jessica Amanda Salmonson and Naomi Kritzer . The posthumous honorees will be Orson Welles , Leonard Nimoy , and Shirley Jackson .

neg: Afterlife (Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.) `` Afterlife '' is the sixteenth episode of the second season of the American television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. , based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D. ( Strategic Homeland Intervention , Enforcement and Logistics Division ) , revolving around the character of Phil Coulson and his team of S.H.I.E.L.D. agents as they face a rival faction of S.H.I.E.L.D. while Skye goes to Afterlife , a secret haven for people like her . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) , sharing continuity with the films of the franchise . The episode was written by Craig Titley , and directed by Kevin Hooks .   Clark Gregg reprises his role as Coulson from the film series , and is joined by series regulars Ming-Na Wen , Brett Dalton , Chloe Bennet , Iain De Caestecker , Elizabeth Henstridge , Nick Blood , and Adrianne Palicki .   `` Afterlife '' originally aired on ABC on April 7 , 2015 , and according to Nielsen Media Research , was watched by 4.24 million viewers .

neg: Chaos Theory (Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.) `` Chaos Theory '' is the seventh episode of the third season of the American television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. , based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D. ( Strategic Homeland Intervention , Enforcement and Logistics Division ) , revolving around the character of Phil Coulson and his team of S.H.I.E.L.D. agents as they deal with the monstrous Lash . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) , sharing continuity with the films of the franchise . The episode was written by Lauren LeFranc , and directed by David Solomon .   Clark Gregg reprises his role as Coulson from the film series , and is joined by series regulars Ming-Na Wen , Brett Dalton , Chloe Bennet , Iain De Caestecker , Elizabeth Henstridge , Nick Blood , Adrianne Palicki , Henry Simmons , and Luke Mitchell . Matthew Willig guest stars as Lash , with Blair Underwood playing his human form , Andrew Garner .   `` Chaos Theory '' originally aired on ABC on November 10 , 2015 , and according to Nielsen Media Research , was watched by 3.49 million viewers .

neg: Aftershocks (Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.) `` Aftershocks '' is the eleventh episode of the second season of the American television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. , based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D. ( Strategic Homeland Intervention , Enforcement and Logistics Division ) , revolving around the character of Phil Coulson and his team of S.H.I.E.L.D. agents as they race to strike back against Hydra after an apparent defeat to the latter , while several characters discover they have gained new abilities following the end of the previous episode . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) , sharing continuity with the films of the franchise . The episode was written by Maurissa Tancharoen and Jed Whedon , and directed by Billy Gierhart .   Clark Gregg reprises his role as Coulson from the film series , and is joined by series regulars Ming-Na Wen , Brett Dalton , Chloe Bennet , Iain De Caestecker , Elizabeth Henstridge , Nick Blood , and Adrianne Palicki . Palicki was promoted to series regular with this episode , after having a recurring guest role in the first half of the season . The episode also saw the return of Marvel 's `` The Art of ... '' marketing initiative .   `` Aftershocks '' originally aired on ABC on March 3 , 2015 , and according to Nielsen Media Research , was watched by 4.48 million viewers .

neg: Geoff Johns Geoff Johns ( born January 25 , 1973 ) is an American comic book and television writer , film producer , and television producer . He is the president and Chief Creative Officer at DC Comics ; he has served in the latter position since 2010 . His most notable work in different media has used the DC Comics characters Green Lantern , Aquaman , Flash , and Superman . He is well known for his work on The WB/The CW 's Smallville , Arrow and The Flash .   He is also a comic book retailer who co-owns Earth-2 Comics in Northridge , California with Carr D'Angelo and Jud Meyers .


query: Ramayanam was produced by M. S. Reddy and directed by Gunasekhar.

pos: Ramayanam (film) Ramayanam is a 1996 mythological Telugu film directed by Gunasekhar and produced by M. S. Reddy . The film starred N. T. Rama Rao Jr. as Lord Rama . It received the National Film Award for best children 's film .

neg: Rathavara Rathaavara is an 2015 Indian Kannada action thriller film written and directed by Chandrashekar Bandiyappa and produced by Dharmashree Manjunath . It stars Sri Murali and Rachita Ram in the lead roles . The supporting cast features P. Ravi Shankar , Chikkanna , Sadhu Kokila and Charan Raj among others . The film 's music is composed by Dharma Vish and cinematography is by Bhuvan Gowda of Ugramm fame .   The principal photography of the film bega  n in December 2014 at locations such as Bangalore , Mysore , Mangalore and Gadag . The film is expected to release before December 2015 .

neg: Naveena Sadaram Naveena Sadaram is a 1935 Tamil language film directed and produced by Krishnaswami Subrahmanyam . The film featured S. D. Subbulakshmi in the lead role . The film is an adaptation of the Kannada stage play Sadarame . Papanasam Sivan was in charge of both the score and lyrics respectively .

neg: Gandeevam Gandeevam ( Bow of Arjuna ) is a 1994 Indian Telugu action comedy film written and directed by Priyadarshan . Starring Akkineni Nageswara Rao , Nandamuri Balakrishna , and Roja . The music was composed by M. M. Keeravani . Mohanlal appeared in a cameo role in the song `` Goruvanka Vaalagane '' , which is considered as one of the best compositions in Keeravani 's career .

neg: Nayakan Nayakan ( The Hero ) , also spelt Nayagan , is a 1987 Indian Tamil-language crime-drama film written and directed by Mani Ratnam and starring Kamal Haasan . It is loosely based on the real-life Bombay underworld don Varadarajan Mudaliar , and sympathetically depicts the struggle of South Indians living in Bombay ( now Mumbai ) . The film also stars Saranya Ponvannan in her film debut . Karthika , Nassar , Janagaraj , Delhi Ganesh and Tinnu Anand play significant roles . The soundtrack and score of the film were composed by Ilaiyaraaja and was met with a successful response after release . The film has been inspired from Francis Ford Coppola 's 1972 film The Godfather .   Principal photography commenced in November 1986 with test shoots featuring Haasan . The film was released on 21 October 1987 on the occasion of Diwali and received critical acclaim worldwide . Kamal Haasan 's performance as Velu Nayakan earned him the National Film Award for Best Actor . The film also earned the National Awards for Best Cinematography ( P. C. Sriram ) and Best Art Direction ( Thotta Tharani ) . The film was India 's official submission for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film in 1988 at the 60th Academy Awards , but was not nominated .   In 2005 , the magazine TIME included Nayagan in its list of `` All-Time 100 Best Films '' . The film was also included in The Moving Arts Film Journals list of greatest films of all time . Nayagan was also included in NDTV 's list `` India 's 20 greatest films '' . CNN-IBN included the film in its list of `` 100 greatest Indian films of all time '' .   The film was dubbed in Telugu under the title Nayakudu . It was also remade in Hindi as Dayavan in 1988 starring Vinod Khanna . A Hindi dub of the film was released in 1999 as Velu Nayakan .

neg: Payanam (1976 film) Payanam ( தமிழ் : பயணம் , English : Journey ) is a 1976 Tamil romantic road movie directed by Vietnam Veedu Sundaram and produced by Bombay K. S. Ramakrishnan . The film script were written by Vietnam Veedu Sundaram , and the music was by M. S. Viswanathan . The film starred Vijayakumar , Jayachitra , Sreekanth Fatafat Jayalakshmi and Major Sundararajan played lead with Thengai Srinivasan , with Suruli Rajan and Master Sekhar in supporting roles .

neg: Mala Pilla Malapilla or Mala Pilla ( English : Untouchable Child ) ( మాలపిల్ల , lit . Mala `` name of a lowly caste in the Telugu states '' - child ) was a 1938 Telugu Blockbuster film , that brought the social evil -- caste -- into the limelight . It was directed by Gudavalli Ramabrahmam . It is based on a social drama taking Gudipati Venkatachalam 's story Mala Pilla , a love story between a Brahmin boy and a Harijan girl . The film dealt with the crusade against untouchability , prevailing in pre-independent India .

neg: Mahatma (film) Mahatma ( Telugu : మహాత్మా ) is a 2009 Telugu film written and directed by noted director Krishna Vamsi . This film stars Srikanth in the lead role . The film was to release on 2 October which is Gandhi Jayanti holiday but due to censoring issues , the film 's release was postponed a week for 9 October 2009 . The film was dubbed in Tamil as Puthiya Thalapathy . It is dubbed in Hindi as Ek Aur Mahanayak .

neg: Pemmasani Ramalinga Nayudu Pemmasani Ramalinga Nayudu was the King of Gandikota who ruled much of modern day Rayalaseema , Guntur , Krishna and parts of Orissa under which Pemmasani dynasty rulers earned them after winning them in battles as part of the great Vijayanagar empire . He had a military strength of nearly 80,000 soldiers and thus is one of the most powerful king in India at that time . He played a crucial role in winning the battle against combined armies of Kalburgie , Golconda and Ahmednagar for Sri Krishnadevaraya .   Ramalinga Naidu is well noted for his rule where he built many new villages and forts and has became the most powerful king beside Sri Krishnadevaraya in Vijayanagar kingdom . His rule saw the selling of diamonds in streets in his kingdom which bought the Rayalseema the name `` Ratanalaseema '' meaning land of diamonds .   Impressed with his bravery and military skills Ramalinga Naidu became most trustworthy ally of Sri Krishnadevaraya .   He was the chief military commander of the Vijayanagar king Sri Krishnadevaraya at the Battle of Raichur . He was the grandson of Gandikota ruler Pemmasani Timmanayudu . Pemmasani Nayaks were a martial clan in the south Indian state of Andhra Pradesh . They came into prominence during Vijayanagar times as rulers of Gandikota . The Pemmasani warriors were previously serving Kakatiya dynasty as army commanders and migrated to Vijayanagar in 1370 CE after the downfall of Musunuri Nayaks in Warangal .   Ramalinga led troops in the battle of Raichur .

neg: Raam Reddy Raam Reddy is an Indian film director , writer and photographer . He made his directorial debut with the 2016 Kannada film Thithi , which premiered at the 68th Locarno International Film Festival on 8 August 2015 , where it won the Golden Leopard in the `` Filmmakers of the Present '' category as well as the First Feature award .   The film won numerous other awards at various film festivals including Mumbai , Palm Springs , and Marrakech . It was also invited to be a part of the 45th edition of New Directors/New Films . At the 19th Shanghai International Film Festival , Thithi won the Best Script Writer and the Best Film awards under the Asia New Talent Awards Category . It won the German Star of India award for the Best Feature Film at the 13th Indian Film Festival Stuttgart , Germany . At the 63rd National Film Awards , the film won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Kannada .

neg: Gandhinagara Gandhinagara ( Kannada : ಗ ಧ ನಗರ ) is a 1968 Indian Kannada film , directed by K. S. L. Swamy and produced by C Venku Reddy . The film stars Rajkumar , K. S. Ashwath , Balakrishna and Narasimharaju in lead roles . The film had musical score by Chellapilla Satyam .

neg: Creative Commercials Creative Commercials is an Indian film production company established by K. S. Rama Rao .

neg: Veera Kesari Veera Kesari is a 1963 Indian Kannada film , directed by B. Vittalacharya and produced by Sundarlal Nahatha and Doondi . The film stars Rajkumar , T. N. Balakrishna , Udaykumar and R. Nagendra Rao in lead roles . The film had musical score by Ghantasala . The film was a remake of Telugu ` Bandipotu '' starring N. T. Rama Rao .

neg: Ram Gopal Varma Ram Gopal Varma is an Indian film director , screenwriter and producer , known for his works in Telugu cinema , Bollywood , and television . Influenced by Russian-American playwright Ayn Rand , and European authors Friedrich Nietzsche , James Hadley Chase and Frederick Forsyth , Varma directed films across multiple genres , including parallel cinema and docudrama noted for their gritty realism , technical finesse , and craft .   Varma has garnered the National Film Award for scripting the political crime drama , Shool ( 1999 ) . In 2004 , He was featured in the BBC World series Bollywood Bosses . In 2006 , Grady Hendrix of Film Comment , published by the Film Society of Lincoln Center , New York City cited Varma as `` Bombay 's Most Successful Maverick '' for his works on experimental films . Varma is regarded as the fountain head of new age Indian cinema .   Varma is known for presenting the Indian Political Trilogy , and the Indian Gangster Trilogy , film critic Rajeev Masand has labeled the series as one of the `` most influential movies of Hindi cinema .  The first installment of the trilogy , Satya , was also listed in CNN-IBN 's 100 greatest Indian films of all time . Varma 's recent avant-garde works include hits such as the alternate history , Rakta Charitra ( 2010 ) , the dramatized re-enactment of 2008 Mumbai attacks in The Attacks of 26/11 ( 2013 ) , a horror fiction , Ice Cream shot with Flowcam Technology ( 2014 ) , a slasher film , Anukshanam ( 2014 ) , Killing Veerappan ( 2016 ) , a documentary drama , and Vangaveeti ( 2016 ) a biographical `` based on true events '' .   Starting his career as a civil engineer , he made an entry into Telugu cinema , with the path-breaking crime thriller , Siva ( 1989 ) screened at the 13th International Film Festival of India , and has garnered Varma , the state Nandi Awards for Best direction , Best first film of a director , and the Filmfare Award for Best Film -- Telugu . Siva explores the concepts of student exploitation by anti-social behavior and the impact of crowd psychology . Subsequently , the film was included in CNN-IBN 's list of 100 greatest Indian films of all time . He then experimented with the Neo-noir , Kshana Kshanam ( 1991 ) screened at the Ann Arbor Film Festival , the sleeper hit won him another Nandi Award for Best Direction , and the Nandi Award for Best Screenplay Writer . The 1993 political drama , Gaayam received six state Nandi Awards . In 1999 , He directed Prema Katha for which he received his third Nandi Award for Best Director .

neg: Gudavalli Ramabrahmam Gudavalli Ramabrahmam was an Indian film director , screenwriter , and producer known for his works predominantly in Telugu cinema . He is known for directing critically acclaimed social problem films like Mala Pilla ( 1938 ) and Raithu Bidda ( 1939 ) . In 1945 , he was elected as the chairman for South Indian Film Chamber of Commerce . He was the co-director for the film Palnati Yudham .

neg: Vamshoddharakudu Vamshoddharakudu ( English : Heir ) is a 2000 Telugu , drama film , produced by M. S. Reddy under Gayatri Films banner and directed by Sarath . and Starring Nandamuri Balakrishna , Ramya Krishna , Sakshi Shivanand and Krishnam Raju in the lead roles and music composed by Koti .

neg: Ranganatha ramayan Sri Ranganatha Ramayanam is one of the most famous adaptions of the Valmiki Ramayana in Telugu , a Dravidian language spoken by the people of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana . Telugu has a very rich literary tradition , starting in the 11th century A.D. Although there are more than forty adaptions of the Valmiki Ramayana which are partly or completely in Telugu , only four adaptions have covered the entire theme of the original epic . They are Ranganatha Ramayana , Bhaskar Ramayana , Molla Ramayana , and Ramayana Kalpavriksham .   Ranganatha Ramayana was written by the poet Ranganatha -- also known as Gona Budda Reddy -- between 1300 and 1310 A.D. . This Ramayana was composed in 17,290 couplets ( in Dwipada metre ) . This meter is lyrical and can either be recited like the Valmiki Ramayana ( written in Anustupa metre ) or sung like the Ramcharitmanas ( written in Doha-Chaupai ) . It is quite popular with both scholars and illiterates .

neg: Kirathakudu Kirathakudu is a 1986 Telugu crime film , based on the novel written by Yandamuri Veerendranath . It was directed by A. Kodandarami Reddy . The film stars Chiranjeevi , Suhasini Mani Ratnam , Silk Smitha and Kongara Jaggayya in important roles . S. V. Krishna Reddy plays an unusual role of a eunuch who later made many movies as a director .   This story is based on an idea that , by 1995-2000 , the number of criminals in the country would drastically increase and the government can not maintain the prisons . It demarcates some of the areas as crime zones and builds a protection around them .

neg: Nagakanye Naga Kanye ( Kannada : ನ ಗ ಕನ ಯ ) is a 1975 Indian Kannada film , directed by S. V. Rajendra Singh Babu and produced by S. V. Rajendra Singh Babu . The film stars Vishnuvardhan , Bhavani , Rajasree and Halam in lead roles . The film had musical score by Chellapilla Satyam .

neg: Manam (film) Manam ( Us ) is a 2014 Indian Telugu-language fantasy drama film written and directed by Vikram Kumar and produced by Akkineni Family under the Annapurna Studios banner . Nagarjuna appears alongside Akkineni Nageswara Rao , Naga Chaitanya , Samantha Ruth Prabhu and Shriya Saran . Amitabh Bachchan , Amala , and Nagarjuna 's younger son Akkineni Akhil made cameo appearances along with other personalities . The film is set in various time periods , over the course of a hundred years up until 2013 , and deals with the concepts of rebirth and eternal love . The plot features a wealthy businessman , Nageswara Rao , attempting to bring a young couple together resembling his deceased parents and the elderly Chaitanya 's attempts to bring the businessman and a doctor together . They resemble Chaitanya 's deceased parents who died because of a mistake committed by him in his childhood .   The film was made with a budget of 280 million . Harsha Vardhan wrote the film 's dialogues , while Anup Rubens composed the film 's music . P. S. Vinod handled the film 's cinematography . Production began on 3 June 2013 . Principal photography began on 7 June 2013 and was shot in and around Hyderabad , Coorg and Mysore till mid April 2014 .   Manam was the last film of Nageswara Rao , who died on 22 January 2014 during the film 's production phase . The film was promoted as a `` befitting send off '' and a tribute from his son , Nagarjuna . The film was released worldwide on 23 May 2014 to positive reviews from critics and was commercially successful , collecting 365 million in its lifetime . The film was screened at the 45th International Film Festival of India in the Homage to ANR section on 29 November 2014 . The film garnered the Filmfare Award for Best Film - Telugu .

neg: Ramudochadu Ramudochadu is a 1996 Telugu drama film produced by Yarlagadda Surendra on S. S. Creations banner directed by A. Kodandarami Reddy Starring Akkineni Nagarjuna , Krishna , Soundarya , Ravali in lead roles and music is composed by Raj . The film recorded Average at box-office .


query: Man of Steel features the DC Comics character Superman.

pos: Superman Superman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics . The character was created by writer Jerry Siegel and artist Joe Shuster , high school students living in Cleveland , Ohio , in 1933 . They sold Superman to Detective Comics , the future DC Comics , in 1938 . Superman debuted in Action Comics # 1 ( cover-dated June 1938 ) and subsequently appeared in various radio serials , newspaper strips , television programs , films , and video games . With this success , Superman helped to create the superhero archetype and establish its primacy within the American comic book . The character is also referred to by such epithets as the Big Blue Boy Scout , the Man of Steel , the Man of Tomorrow , and the Last Son of Krypton .   The origin story of Superman relates that he was born Kal-El on the planet Krypton , before being rocketed to Earth as an infant by his scientist father Jor-El , moments before Krypton 's destruction . Discovered and adopted by a Kansas farm couple , the child is raised as Clark Kent and imbued with a strong moral compass . Very early on he started to display various superhuman abilities , which , upon reaching maturity , he resolved to use for the benefit of humanity through a `` Superman '' identity .   Superman resides and operates in the fictional American city of Metropolis . As Clark Kent , he is a journalist for the Daily Planet , a Metropolis newspaper . Superman 's love interest is generally Lois Lane , and his archenemy is the supervillain Lex Luthor . A close ally of Batman and Wonder Woman , he is typically depicted as a member of the Justice League . Like other characters in the DC Universe , several alternate versions of Superman have been characterized over the years .   Superman 's appearance is distinctive and iconic ; he usually wears a blue costume with a red-and-yellow emblem on the chest , consisting of the letter S in a shield shape , and a red cape . This shield is used in many media to symbolize the character . Superman is widely considered an American cultural icon . He has fascinated scholars , with cultural theorists , commentators , and critics alike exploring the character 's role and impact in the United States and worldwide . The character 's ownership has often been the subject of dispute , with Siegel and Shuster twice suing for the return of rights . The character has been adapted extensively and portrayed in other forms of media as well , including films , television series , and video games . Several actors have portrayed Superman in motion pictures and TV series including Kirk Alyn , George Reeves , Christopher Reeve , Dean Cain , Tom Welling , Brandon Routh , Henry Cavill , and Tyler Hoechlin .

pos: Man of Steel (film) Man of Steel is a 2013 superhero film featuring the DC Comics character Superman . It is a British-American venture produced by Legendary Pictures , DC Entertainment , Syncopy Inc. , and Cruel and Unusual Films , and distributed by Warner Bros. . Pictures . It is the first installment in the DC Extended Universe . The film is directed by Zack Snyder , written by David S. Goyer , and stars Henry Cavill , Amy Adams , Michael Shannon , Kevin Costner , Diane Lane , Laurence Fishburne , Antje Traue , Ayelet Zurer , Christopher Meloni , and Russell Crowe . Man of Steel is a reboot of the Superman film series that retells the character 's origin story . In the film , Clark Kent learns that he is a superpowered alien from the planet Krypton and assumes the role of mankind 's protector as Superman , but finds himself having to prevent General Zod from destroying humanity .   Development began in 2008 , when Warner Bros. took pitches from comic book writers , screenwriters and directors , opting to reboot the franchise . In 2009 , a court ruling resulted in Jerry Siegel 's family recapturing the rights to Superman 's origins and Siegel 's copyright . The decision stated that Warner Bros. did not owe the families additional royalties from previous films , but if they did not begin production on a Superman film by 2011 , then the Shuster and Siegel estates would be able to sue for lost revenue on an unproduced film . Producer Christopher Nolan pitched Goyer 's idea after story discussion on The Dark Knight Rises , and Snyder was hired as the film 's director in October 2010 . Principal photography began in August 2011 in West Chicago , Illinois , before moving to Vancouver and Plano , Illinois .   Man of Steel was released in theaters on June 14 , 2013 , in conventional 2D , 3D , and IMAX formats . Despite receiving mixed reviews , the film became a box office success , grossing over $ 668 million worldwide . Critics praised the film 's visuals , action sequences , and Hans Zimmer 's musical score but criticized its pacing and lack of character development . A follow-up , Batman v Superman : Dawn of Justice was released on March 25 , 2016 while a standalone Superman sequel is in active development .

neg: Plastic Man Plastic Man ( real name Patrick `` Eel '' O'Brian ) is a fictional comic book superhero originally published by Quality Comics and later acquired by DC Comics . Created by cartoonist Jack Cole , Plastic Man was one of the first superheroes to incorporate humor into mainstream action storytelling . The character has been published in several solo series and has interacted with other characters in the mainstream DC Universe as a member of the Justice League . He has additionally appeared in several television and video game adaptations , including a short-lived television show of his own .

neg: Captain Marvel (DC Comics) Captain Marvel , also known as Shazam , is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics . Artist C. C. Beck and writer Bill Parker created the character in 1939 . Captain Marvel first appeared in Whiz Comics # 2 ( cover-dated Feb. 1940 ) , published by Fawcett Comics . He is the alter ego of Billy Batson , a boy who , by speaking the magic word `` SHAZAM '' ( acronym of 6 Greek `` immortal elders '' - Solomon , Hercules , Atlas , Zeus , Achilles , and Mercury ) , can transform himself into a costumed adult with the powers of superhuman strength , speed , flight , and other abilities .   Based on book sales , the character was the most popular superhero of the 1940s , outselling even Superman . Fawcett expanded the franchise to include other `` Marvels '' , primarily Marvel Family associates Mary Marvel and Captain Marvel Jr. , who can harness Billy 's powers as well . Captain Marvel was also the first comic book superhero to be adapted into film , in a 1941 Republic Pictures serial titled Adventures of Captain Marvel .   Fawcett ceased publishing Captain Marvel-related comics in 1953 , partly because of a copyright infringement suit from DC Comics , alleging that Captain Marvel was a copy of Superman . In 1972 , DC licensed the Marvel Family characters from Fawcett , and returned them to publication . By 1991 , DC had acquired all rights to the characters . DC has since integrated Captain Marvel and the Marvel Family into their DC Universe and has attempted to revive the property several times , with mixed success . Due to trademark conflicts over another character named `` Captain Marvel '' owned by Marvel Comics since 1967 , DC chose to publish the character 's adventures in a comic book titled Shazam ! for many years , leading many to assume that this was the character 's name . DC later officially renamed the character `` Shazam '' when relaunching its comic book properties in 2011 .   In addition , since 1972 , the character has been featured in two television series adaptations , one live action and one animated , by Filmation , and an upcoming Warner Bros. . Shazam ! feature film scheduled for release in 2019 as part of the DC Extended Universe . Captain Marvel was ranked as the 55th greatest comic book character of all time by Wizard magazine . IGN also ranked Captain Marvel as the 50th greatest comic book hero of all time , stating that the character will always be an enduring reminder of a simpler time . UGO Networks ranked him as one of the top heroes of entertainment , saying , `` At his best , Shazam has always been Superman with a sense of crazy , goofy fun '' .

neg: Alternative versions of Lex Luthor The fictional character Lex Luthor has appeared in a number of media , always as the archenemy of Superman . Each version of the work typically establishes its own continuity , and sometimes introduces parallel universes , to the point where distinct differences in the portrayal of the character can be identified . In addition , the DC Universe has been rewritten a number of times , establishing additional versions of the character . This article details and lists various versions of Lex Luthor depicted in works including DC Comics Multiverse , Elseworlds , television and film .

neg: Superman Emergency Squad The Superman Emergency Squad ( sometimes called the Supermen Emergency Squad ) is a fictional superhero team appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics , commonly associate with Superman . They first appeared in Superman 's Pal , Jimmy Olsen # 48 ( October 1960 ) .

neg: Samurai (Super Friends) Samurai is an Asian superhero in the Super Friends animated television series . His real name is Toshio Eto , and he is of Japanese descent . He was one of the later additions to the team along with other ethnically diverse heroes in an effort for the show to promote cultural diversity . His voice actor is Jack Angel . In addition to being a prominent figure in several other animated shows , Angel also did the voice for The Flash and Hawkman .   Samurai appears in The All-New Super Friends Hour , Challenge of the Super Friends , Super Friends ( 1980 ) , Super Friends : The Legendary Super Powers Show , and The Super Powers Team : Galactic Guardians . Besides being inserted to create diversity , Samurai , in a sense , took the place of Red Tornado with whom he shares similar wind-based abilities . After sporadic guest appearances , Samurai grew into a prominent team member in the series ' later seasons .   Samurai appeared in the DC Comics Mini Series Super Powers . He also had an action figure in the Super Powers Collection line produced by Kenner . A character resembling Samurai appeared in a double page spread in the Infinite Crisis hard cover trade collection . The actual Samurai made his first appearance in the comics several years later during the Brightest Day event .

neg: Terra-Man Terra-Man ( real name Toby Manning ) is a fictional character and supervillain who appears in Superman stories published by DC Comics .

neg: List of Justice Society members The Justice Society of America is a team of comic book superheroes published by DC Comics .   JSA members are listed here only once - in order of their first joining the team . Retconned members are listed only where they historically took part in the stories . Only official members are listed . No unofficial , reserves or honorary members .   Characters in bold are currently active JSA members .   Note : In the wake of DC Comics ' Flashpoint event , the history of the JSA has been rebooted . A new version of the team appears in the series Earth-2 . Characters ' last known status is listed below .

neg: Superman: World of New Krypton Superman : World of New Krypton is a twelve-issue American comic book limited series produced by DC Comics . It is written by the team of James Robinson and Greg Rucka , who at the time of this publication are the current writers of the Superman and Action Comics titles , and illustrated by artist Pete Woods .   World of New Krypton takes place after the crossover Superman : New Krypton , in which approximately 100,000 Kryptonians and their city of Kandor are saved by Superman from the alien Brainiac and restored to existence . After spending time on Earth , the Kryptonians raise the city into space where they form the planet New Krypton in Earth 's solar system .

neg: Krypton (comics) Krypton , a planet appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics . The planet is the native world of Superman and is named after the element krypton , which is abundant in its atmosphere . The planet was created by Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster , and was first referred to in Action Comics # 1 ( June 1938 ) . The planet made its first full appearance in Superman # 1 ( Summer 1939 ) .   Krypton is also the native world of Supergirl , Krypto the Superdog , and Power Girl ( in her case , an alternate-universe version designated `` Krypton-Two '' ) . It has been consistently described as having been destroyed shortly after Superman 's flight from the planet , although the exact details of its destruction vary by time period and writers . Kryptonians were the dominant species on Krypton .

neg: The Adventures of Superman (BBC Radio series) The Adventures of Superman was a six-part radio drama commissioned by BBC Radio 4 and broadcast in 1988 .

neg: Superman/Fantastic Four Superman/Fantastic Four , subtitled `` The Infinite Destruction , '' is an intercompany comic book jointly published by DC Comics and Marvel Comics in July 1999 . The tale unites DC 's first superhero Superman and Marvel 's first superhero team , the Fantastic Four -- pitting them against the Cyborg Superman ( who gained notoriety in 1993 during DC 's `` Reign of the Supermen '' story arc ) and the longtime FF foe Galactus .   It was written by Dan Jurgens , with art by Jurgens and Art Thibert . The cover features painted art by Alex Ross , based on a layout by Jurgens .

neg: All Star DC Comics All Star was an imprint of ongoing comic book titles published by American company DC Comics that ran from 2005 to 2008 . DC has published two titles under the All-Star banner , featuring Batman and Superman .   The premise of the imprint was to partner DC Comics ' top tier characters with the most popular and acclaimed writers and artists . The creators had access to all elements in the characters ' histories to present their interpretation for a modern audience that have not read these DC characters ' comics previously , or had not seen them lately . The creative teams were not beholden to any previous and present continuities , and told stories that featured `` the most iconic versions of these characters '' .   The project had been compared to the Ultimate line of Marvel Comics , which was a successful attempt to re-introduce Marvel 's most popular characters to a new generation of readers by presenting new , updated versions unburdened by decades of plotlines . There were several differences between the two imprints , though . While the Ultimate titles have closely interrelated storylines , of the two All-Star series released , there has been no effort to make them conform to each other or indicate they exist in the same continuity . Another is that All-Star did not seek to introduce brand new versions of the characters so much as to present them in unhindered continuity . Robin 's origin was the only one `` rebooted '' in this imprint .   Some observers , and DC themselves , had pointed to the return of DC 's major film franchises as an impetus for All-Star . `` No one can doubt that some kind of continuity shedding is necessary with Superman and Batman coming to the big screens , '' the website Comicon.com wrote . `` Moviegoers entertained by these films would find the current comics storylines impenetrable '' .   With the end of Grant Morrison and Frank Quitely 's All-Star Superman and the rebranding of Frank Miller and Jim Lee 's All Star Batman and Robin as Dark Knight : Boy Wonder as well as the introduction of the DC : Earth One line of OGNs , the imprint is effectively defunct .

neg: Action Comics Action Comics is an American comic book series that introduced Superman , one of the first major superhero characters as the term is popularly defined . The publisher was originally known as National Allied Publications , and later as National Comics Publications and as National Periodical Publications , before taking on its current name of DC Comics . Its original incarnation ran from 1938 to 2011 and stands as one of the longest-running comic books with consecutively numbered issues . A second volume of Action Comics with issue # 1 ran from 2011 to 2016 . Action Comics returned to its original numbering beginning with issue # 957 ( Aug. 2016 ) .

neg: Wonder Wart-Hog Wonder Wart-Hog ( the `` Hog of Steel '' ) is an underground comic book character , a porcine parody of Superman , created by Gilbert Shelton and Tony Bell . Wonder War-Hog is a violent , reactionary , amoral `` superhero '' who hypocritically murders and rapes people he does not approve of .

neg: Man of Steel (Hank Williams Jr. song) `` Man of Steel '' is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Hank Williams Jr. . It was released in February 1984 as the second single and title track from the album Man of Steel . The song reached # 3 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart .   `` Man of Steel '' also appears on the compilation album Hank Williams Jr. 's Greatest Hits , Vol . 2 . This however is an alternate take with the second verse removed from the original album version . The resulting track is almost one full minute shorter than the original .

neg: List of Superman supporting characters The List of supporting characters in `` Superman '' is the cast of characters secondary to the main character of Superman in the Superman comics , television programs , cartoons , and movies . Almost all versions reference the source material of the comic book version and therefore the various iterations in all forms of media share an overlapping set of characters .

neg: Commander Steel Commander Steel ( also Steel or Citizen Steel ) is the name of three superheroes published by DC Comics , all members of the same family . The first Steel appeared in Steel , The Indestructible Man # 1 ( 1978 ) published by DC Comics , and was created by Gerry Conway and Don Heck . His stories were set in World War II . The two later characters called Steel are his grandsons .

neg: Superman – Ride of Steel Superman -- Ride of Steel is a steel roller coaster located at Six Flags America amusement park near Upper Marlboro , Maryland . Ride of Steel is an identical model located at Darien Lake amusement park in Darien , New York . Both are hypercoasters reaching heights above 200 ft , and were manufactured by Intamin . The installation at Darien Lake opened to the public on May 15 , 1999 , and the replica at Six Flags America opened a year later on May 13 , 2000 . Six Flags New England 's Superman the Ride roller coaster was previously known as `` Superman -- Ride of Steel '' prior to 2009 , but it features a significantly different layout .

neg: Justice League of Earth Justice League of Earth are fictional characters , a supervillain team of the 31st Century in the DC Comics universe . They were created by Geoff Johns and Gary Frank and first appeared in Action Comics # 859 ( January , 2008 ) as enemies of the Legion of Super-Heroes .

neg: Guardian (DC Comics) Guardian ( James Jacob `` Jim '' Harper ) is a DC Comics superhero .   Guardian resembles an earlier Kirby and Simon character Captain America ( first published in March 1941 by Marvel Comics ) in that he had no super powers and carried an indestructible shield .