query: James Wilson is a character on the television series House.

pos: James Wilson (House) Dr. James Evan Wilson , M.D. , is a fictional character on the Fox medical drama House . He is played by Robert Sean Leonard . The character first appears in the show 's pilot episode when he introduces a medical case to Dr. Gregory House . Wilson is Dr. House 's only true friend , and frequently provides him with consultations and aid . Wilson is the head of the Department of Oncology at Princeton-Plainsboro Teaching Hospital .   During the show 's run , the characters of House and Wilson have been compared to Sherlock Holmes and Dr Watson . Wilson 's portrayer , Robert Sean Leonard , has stated that his character and Dr. House were originally supposed to play these roles ; but Dr. House 's diagnostic team has taken over Dr. Watson 's part . Leonard also read the script of the pilot episode of CBS ' Numb3rs and was planning to audition . He auditioned for House instead because he felt he would more enjoy playing the character that House went to for help and because he liked The Odd Couple dynamic of the relationship .   The character was positively received . Alan Sepinwall of The Star-Ledger described Wilson as `` the only irreplaceable supporting character '' of the show , as well as Maureen Ryan of the Chicago Tribune , who stated that Wilson can `` never , never , never , never '' leave the show .   The character 's name is derived from two neighboring buildings ( James Administration Building and Wilson Hall ) at McGill University 's downtown campus , in Montreal , Quebec .

neg: Simple Explanation `` Simple Explanation '' is the 20th episode of the fifth season of House . It first aired on April 6 , 2009 .

neg: James Morrison (actor) James Paige Morrison ( born April 21 , 1954 ) is an American actor best known for his portrayal of CTU Director Bill Buchanan on 24 .

neg: Black and White Lodges The Black Lodge is a fictional setting featured in the television series Twin Peaks . It is an extradimensional place which seems to include , primarily , the `` Red Room '' first seen by Agent Cooper in a dream early in the series . As events in the series unfold , it becomes apparent that the characters from the Red Room , the room itself and the Black Lodge , along with the White Lodge , are connected .

neg: Procedural drama A procedural drama is a genre of television programming which focuses on how crimes are solved or some other aspect of a law enforcement agency , legislative body , or court of law . Some dramas include a lab or conference room with high-tech or state-of-the-art equipment where the main characters meet to work out the problem . Shows usually have an episodic format that does not require the viewer to have seen previous episodes . Episodes typically have a self-contained , also referred to as stand-alone , plot that is introduced and resolved within the same episode .   The procedural format is popular around the world . In 2011 , the director of a TV consultancy said , `` The continuing trend is for procedurals because they use a predictable structure . '' Due to their stand-alone episodic nature , they are more accessible to new viewers than serials . Self-contained episodes also make it easier for viewers to return to a show if they have missed some episodes . In general , procedural dramas can usually be re-run with little concern for episode order .   Procedurals are often criticized for being formulaic . Procedurals are also generally less character-driven than serialized shows . However , some procedurals have more character emphasis than is typical of the format . Some may occasionally feature a storyline stretching over several episodes .   A popular variant is the police procedural .

neg: Amanda Wilson Amanda Wilson ( born 13 April 1980 ) is a British singer . She is a member of house music act Freemasons . As part of the act she has scored two major UK hit singles , one of which went on to success in several European charts , and the US Billboard Hot Dance Club Songs . Amanda also scored another major UK and worldwide smash hit working with Avicii and Samuele Sartini on `` Seek Bromance '' in 2010 .

neg: James Stark James Stark may refer to :   People  James Stark , pseudonym for Robert Conroy Goldston ( b. 1927 ) , American historical writer  James Stark ( painter ) ( 1794 -- 1859 ) , English painter  James Stark ( footballer ) , Scottish footballer  James Stark , 19th-century North American actor  James P. Stark ( 1885 -- 1929 ) , British athlete  James R. Stark , United States Navy admiral  James D. Stark synth-pop artist from Portland , Oregon .   Fictional characters  James Stark , a vampire in the House of Night series of novels

neg: Robinson House (Manassas, Virginia) Robinson House sits at the bottom of Henry Hill , near Bull Run in Virginia . The house was named for the family of James `` Gentleman Jim '' Robinson , a free African American , who built the house . The Robinson family , descendants of Gentleman Jim , owned and occupied the house and a large portion of the land around it from the 1840s until 1936 . The National Park Service acquired this parcel as part of their effort to commemorate two major battles of the American Civil War , the First and Second battles of Bull Run ( also known as First and Second Manassas ) which occurred about one year apart . Both battles were Confederate victories . However , Robinson House managed to survive virtually unscathed .

neg: Charlie Wilson (Ohio politician) Charles A. Wilson Jr. ( January 18 , 1943 -- April 14 , 2013 ) was a U.S. Representative for . He was a member of the Democratic Party . He previously served in the Ohio State Senate and the Ohio House of Representatives .

neg: The Greater Good (House) `` The Greater Good '' is the fourteenth episode of the fifth season of House and the hundredth episode overall . It aired on February 2 , 2009 .

neg: Dollhouse (season 1) The first season of the television series Dollhouse , premiered on February 13 , 2009 , on Fox and concluded its 12-episode season on May 8 , 2009 . The season aired on Fridays at 9:00 pm ET . Together with Fringe , Dollhouse was a part of Fox 's `` Remote-Free TV '' initiative to keep people from switching channels during commercial breaks . Therefore , every episode of this season was 47 -- 50 minutes long compared to a usual 40 -- 43 minute length for regular network television .

neg: Terrace House (franchise) is a Japanese reality television show franchise . The show 's first run , subtitled Boys × Girls Next Door , originally aired on Fuji Television 's `` Cool TV '' segment from October 12 , 2012 to September 29 , 2014 for eight seasons , after which a standalone movie was released as a continuation/conclusion of the show . Starting September 2 , 2015 , a new season subtitled Boys & Girls in the City premiered on Netflix as a Netflix Original . The new show is a Netflix and Fuji co-production , which is also broadcast on Fuji Television in Japan .   The first eight seasons of the show took place in a modernistic house with a terrace located in the Shōnan area . The Netflix Original switched the location to a similar house at an undisclosed location in central Tokyo . After the Tokyo season , the show moved to Hawaii and was titled Aloha State .

neg: Desperate Housewives Desperate Housewives is an American television comedy-drama and mystery series created by Marc Cherry , and produced by ABC Studios and Cherry Productions . It originally aired for eight seasons on ABC , from October 3 , 2004 to May 13 , 2012 . Executive producer Cherry served as showrunner . Other executive producers since the fourth season included Bob Daily , George W. Perkins , John Pardee , Joey Murphy , David Grossman , and Larry Shaw .   Set on Wisteria Lane , a street in the fictional town of Fairview in the fictional Eagle State , Desperate Housewives follows the lives of a group of women as seen through the eyes of their late friend and neighbor who committed suicide in the pilot episode . The storyline covers 13 years of the women 's lives over eight seasons , set between the years 2004 -- 2008 , and later 2013 -- 2017 ( the story arc includes a five-year passage of time , as well as flashbacks ranging from the 1980s to the 2020s ) . They work through domestic struggles and family life , while facing the secrets , crimes and mysteries hidden behind the doors of their -- on the surface -- beautiful and seemingly perfect suburban neighborhood .   The series features an ensemble cast , headed by Teri Hatcher as Susan Mayer , Felicity Huffman as Lynette Scavo , Marcia Cross as Bree Van de Kamp , and Eva Longoria as Gabrielle Solis . Brenda Strong narrates the series as the late Mary Alice Young , appearing sporadically in flashbacks or dream sequences .   Desperate Housewives was well received by viewers and critics alike . It won multiple Primetime Emmy , Golden Globe and Screen Actors Guild Awards . From the 2004 -- 05 through the 2008 -- 09 television seasons , its first five seasons were rated amongst the top ten most-watched series . In 2007 , it was reported to be the most popular show in its demographic worldwide , with an audience of approximately 120 million and was also reported as the third most watched television series in a study of ratings in twenty countries . In 2012 , it remained the most-watched comedy series internationally based on data from Eurodata TV Worldwide , which measured ratings across five continents ; it has held this position since 2006 . Moreover , it was the third highest revenue earning series for 2010 , with $ 2.74 million per half an hour . The show was ranked at number fifty-six on Entertainment Weekly `` New TV Classics '' list .   In 2011 , it was confirmed that Desperate Housewives would conclude after its eighth season ; the series finale aired on May 13 , 2012 . By the end of the series , it had surpassed Charmed as the longest running hour-long television series featuring all female leads by two episodes .

neg: Dream House (HGTV) Dream House is a show on HGTV produced by High Noon Entertainment in the United States . Each season follows one person , couple , or family as they complete a new build or renovate an existing home , to obtain their dream house . Past seasons have featured thirteen 30-minute episodes , but the most recent seasons have only eight 30-minute episodes .   The show is filmed in a semi-documentary style , with the camera crew acting only as an observer and unseen host Jose Marrero providing voice over comments . Each season covers many aspects of building a house , including laying the foundation , weather delays , tackling restrictive terrain , dealing with permits , putting on the finishing touches , budgetary issues , and arguments between the homeowners and contractors .

neg: Elizabeth Jaffray Elizabeth Jaffray was an American employed as a servant at the White House in the early 20th century .   Jaffray was retained as White House head housekeeper in 1909 , a position then equivalent to that of a majordomo . Recruited from an `` exclusive New York employment bureau '' , she became the first female chief servant in White House history . One of Jaffray 's earliest , and most controversial , moves was to order the segregation of dining among White House staff . Prior to Jaffray , Caucasian and African-American butlers and valets would dine together , while lower-ranked servants such as maids and footmen would dine separately , though also at a racially integrated table . Jaffrey ordered that the two dining tables be arranged by race , instead of rank . When servants rebelled against the move she threatened mass firings , gaining their ultimate obedience . During her time at the White House she came to be regarded by employees as `` a real terror '' .   According to Major Archibald Butt , the aide de camp to President William Howard Taft , Jaffray claimed to have `` seen and felt '' the ghost of a child she believed was William Wallace Lincoln on several occasions in 1912 , around the fiftieth anniversary of his death . The same year she would fret over the corpulent Taft 's eating habits , prompting him to promise to go on a diet .   Jaffray used horses as a means of transport longer than anyone else at the White House , continuing to be chauffeured in a brougham for her daily shopping excursions into the mid 1920s .   Jaffray remained at the White House for 17 years and left in 1926 during the presidency of Calvin Coolidge . Jaffray had reportedly become disgusted by Coolidge 's austere spending on White House entertaining ; Coolidge , in turn , referred to Jaffray by the nickname `` queenie '' . Grace Coolidge expressed relief at Jaffray 's departure , musing that `` she has come to consider herself the permanent resident and the President and his family transients '' . Following her departure Jaffray wrote `` Secrets of the White House '' . Published by Cosmopolitan , the book was a tell-all about her time at the executive mansion .

neg: Let Them Eat Cake (House) `` Let Them Eat Cake '' is the tenth episode of the fifth season of House and the ninety-sixth episode overall . It originally aired on December 2 , 2008 .

neg: Neighbours Neighbours is an Australian television soap opera . It was first broadcast on the Seven Network on 18 March 1985 . It was created by TV executive Reg Watson , who proposed the idea of making a show that focused on realistic stories and portrayed adults and teenagers who talk openly and solve their problems together . Seven decided to commission the show following the success of Watson 's Sons and Daughters , which aired on the network . Although successful in Melbourne , Neighbours underperformed in the Sydney market and struggled for months before Seven cancelled it . The show was immediately bought by rival network Ten . After taking over production of the show , the new network had to build replica sets because Seven destroyed the originals to prevent its rival from obtaining them . Ten began screening Neighbours on 20 January 1986 , taking off where the previous series left off and commencing with episode 171 . Neighbours has since become the longest running drama series in Australian television and in 2005 , it was inducted collectively into the Logie Hall of Fame . On 11 January 2011 , Neighbours moved to Ten 's digital channel , Eleven .   The show 's storylines concern the domestic and professional lives of the people who live and work in Erinsborough , a fictional suburb of Melbourne , Victoria . The series primarily centres on the residents of Ramsay Street , a short cul-de-sac , and its neighbouring area , the Lassiters complex , which includes a bar , hotel , cafe , police station , lawyers ' office and park . Neighbours began with three families created by Watson -- the Ramsays , the Robinsons and the Clarkes . Watson said that he wanted to show three families who are friends living in a small street . The Robinsons and the Ramsays had a long history and were involved in an ongoing rivalry . Pin Oak Court , in Vermont South , is the real cul-de-sac that has doubled for Ramsay Street since 1985 . All of the houses featured are real and the residents allow the production to shoot external scenes in their yards . The interior scenes are filmed at the Global Television studios in Forest Hill .   Through its entire run in Australia , Neighbours has been screened as a twenty-two-minute episode each week night in an early-evening slot . In Australia it is currently broadcast each weeknight at 6:30 pm on Eleven . The show is produced by FremantleMedia and has been sold to over sixty countries around the world , making it one of Australia 's most successful media exports . Neighbours was first screened in the United Kingdom in October 1986 on BBC1 where it achieved huge popularity among British audiences in the late 1980s and 1990s . In 2008 , it moved to the UK 's Channel 5 .

neg: Harry L. Wilson Harry L. Wilson ( born 1957 ) is a Pennsylvania State University and Rutgers University alumnus . He was employed as a bartender during his undergraduate and graduate school time . Wilson is professor of political science at Roanoke College and director of the college 's Center for Community Research . He is the author of the book , Guns , Gun Control , and Elections : The Politics and Policy of Firearms ( Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group , Inc , 2006 ) .   Guns , Gun Control , and Elections explains how current gun control policy was adopted by discussing the roles and interactions of elected officials , interest groups , political parties , and the citizens . By examining arguments for and against stricter gun control , the book helps the reader interpret and understand current research on guns and their uses and gun control .   The book provides insights into how the public perceives the issue of guns and gun control and how the issue is portrayed in the news media . In both instances , Wilson 's conclusions , based on his own research , differ to some degree from the conventional wisdom . For example , while the public tends to support various forms of gun control legislation , they hold out little hope that such laws will reduce gun violence . Coverage of the issue in the national news media tends to be mostly objective , but when there is a bias it is almost always in favor of gun control . While the National Rifle Association receives a great deal of attention in the news , its portrayal is much more likely to be negative than positive .   Wilson devotes a chapter of the book specifically to gun policy in the Commonwealth of Virginia A sabbatical in 2003 provided Wilson the time to attend several Virginia General Assembly sessions where he interviewed legislators and lobbyists . According to Wilson , because of Virginia 's proximity to the nation 's capital and the diversity of its citizens , and because it is home to the National Rifle Association , the state is in a position to influence national gun control policy .   Wilson views guns as `` tools '' that may be used for recreation , protection , or crime , with the purpose being defined by the gun 's owner . Self admittedly his conclusions lean towards arguments for gun rights . Guns , Gun Control , and Elections offers insight into the complexities of the issues and constituents that drive gun policy decisions . Wilson challenges the reader to think about the issues .   `` A wonderful introduction to the far-reaching significance of fire-arms in America , Wilson 's work is a very good supplement for an Introduction to American Politics class '' writes John M. Bruce , associate professor of political science , at the University of Mississippi .

neg: Unfaithful (House) `` Unfaithful '' is the fifteenth episode of the fifth season of House . It aired on February 16 , 2009 .

neg: Jonathan Wilson (actor) Jonathan Wilson is a Canadian actor , voice artist , comedian , and playwright , best known for his 1996 play My Own Private Oshawa . The play , a semi-autobiographical comedy about growing up gay in Oshawa , Ontario , was also optioned by Sandra Faire 's SFA Productions for production as a film , which won an award at the Columbus International Film & Video Festival in 2002 before premiering as a television movie on CTV in 2005 .   Wilson was a member of The Second City 's Toronto cast in the early 1990s . He later collaborated with fellow Second City alumni Kathy Greenwood and Ed Sahely on the stage show Not to Be Repeated , in which the three performed a two-act improvisational narrative comedy play in each performance . The show was also later developed into a short-run television series , This Sitcom Is ... Not to Be Repeated , for The Comedy Network in 2001 .   Wilson 's other acting credits include voice roles in Mia and Me , Little Bear , Harry and His Bucket Full of Dinosaurs , Totally Spies ! , Skatoony , Camp Lakebottom , Yin Yang Yo ! , Get Ed , BeyWheelz , Iggy Arbuckle , Miss Spider 's Sunny Patch Friends , recurring roles in Traders , Sue Thomas F.B.Eye and This Is Wonderland , film roles in House , Saint Ralph , New York Minute , PCU , Rubber Carpet and Brain Candy , and stage productions of The Laramie Project , The Lion King , and The Normal Heart . He won a Dora Mavor Moore Award for Outstanding Performance in a Featured Role - Play or Musical for his performance as Timon in The Lion King .

neg: J. Chris Wilson J. Chris Wilson ( born 1948 ) is an American Southern regionalist artist . He is noted for undertaking a comprehensive portrait painting of the North Carolina scenic landscape . This landscape series , `` From Murphy to Manteo -- An Artist 's Scenic Journey , '' was inspired by Wilson 's time teaching at Aichi Shukutoku University in Nagoya , Japan . When he was teaching in Japan , he became interested in serial Japanese landscape prints by Ando Hiroshige . `` Some of the completed pieces already hang in the North Carolina Museum of History , which in a way makes Wilson 's project a piece of our state 's history already , and he 's not even one-third done , '' writes Michael Graff in Our State magazine . The series was named for the Murphy to Manteo highway , which is US 64 , the longest route in North Carolina . The phrase `` from Murphy to Manteo '' is commonly used to mean `` all across the state '' or `` all of North Carolina . ''   Wilson 's paintings are the first ever to be featured in the North Carolina House of Representatives Chamber of the North Carolina Legislative Building . He was the first artist-in-residence at Barton College , Wilson , North Carolina , in the college 's 112-year history .


query: Silicon Valley is in the northern part of the Leviticus.

pos: Silicon Valley Silicon Valley is a nickname for the southern portion of the San Francisco Bay Area , in the northern part of the U.S. state of California . The `` valley '' in its name refers to the Santa Clara Valley in Santa Clara County , which includes the city of San Jose and surrounding cities and towns , where the region has been traditionally centered . The region has expanded to include the southern half of the San Francisco Peninsula in San Mateo County , and southern portions of the East Bay in Alameda County .   The word `` silicon '' originally referred to the large number of silicon chip innovators and manufacturers in the region , but the area is now the home to many of the world 's largest high-tech corporations , including the headquarters of 39 businesses in the Fortune 1000 , and thousands of startup companies . Silicon Valley also accounts for one-third of all of the venture capital investment in the United States , which has helped it to become a leading hub and startup ecosystem for high-tech innovation and scientific development . It was in the Valley that the silicon-based integrated circuit , the microprocessor , and the microcomputer , among other key technologies , were developed . As of 2013 , the region employed about a quarter of a million information technology workers .   As more high-tech companies were established across the Santa Clara Valley , and then north towards the Bay Area 's two other major cities , San Francisco and Oakland , the `` Silicon Valley '' name eventually came to refer to all high-tech businesses in the region . The term is now generally used as a synecdoche for the American high-technology economic sector . The name also became a global synonym for leading high-tech research and enterprises , and thus inspired similar named locations , as well as research parks and technology centers with a comparable structure all around the world .

neg: San Bernardino County, California San Bernardino County , officially the County of San Bernardino , is a county located in the southern portion of the U.S. state of California . As of the 2010 census , the population was 2,035,210 , making it the fifth-most populous county in California , and the 12th-most populous in the United States . The county seat is San Bernardino .   San Bernardino County is included in the Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario , CA Metropolitan Statistical Area , also known as the Inland Empire , as well as the Los Angeles-Long Beach , CA Combined Statistical Area .   With an area of 20,105 square miles , San Bernardino County is the largest county in the United States by area , although some of Alaska 's boroughs and census areas are larger . It is larger than each of the nine smallest states , larger than the four smallest states combined , and larger than 70 different sovereign nations .   Located in southeast California , the thinly populated deserts and mountains of this vast county stretch from where the bulk of the county population resides in two Census County Divisions , some 1,422,745 people as of the 2010 Census , covering the 450 square miles ( 1,166 km2 ) south of the San Bernardino Mountains in San Bernardino Valley , to the Nevada border and the Colorado River .

neg: New international division of labour In economics , the new international division of labor ( NIDL ) is an outcome of globalization . The term was coined by theorists seeking to explain the spatial shift of manufacturing industries from advanced capitalist countries to developing countries -- an ongoing geographic reorganization of production , which finds its origins in ideas about a global division of labor . It is a spatial division of labor which occurs when the process of production is no longer confined to national economies . Under the `` old '' international division of labor , until around 1970 , underdeveloped areas were incorporated into the world economy principally as suppliers of minerals and agricultural commodities . However , as developing economies are merged into the world economy , more production takes place in these economies .   This has led to a trend of transference , or what is also known as the `` global industrial shift '' , in which production processes are relocated from developed countries ( such as the US , European countries , and Japan ) to developing countries in Asia ( such as China , Vietnam , and India ) and Latin America . This is because companies search for the cheapest locations to manufacture and assemble components , so low-cost labor-intensive parts of the manufacturing process are shifted to the developing world where costs are substantially lower . Companies do so by taking advantage of transportation and communications technology , as well as fragmentation and locational flexibility of production . From 1953 to the late 1990s , the industrialized economies ' share of world manufacturing output declined from 95 % to 77 % , and the developing economies ' share more than quadrupled from 5 % to 23 % .   The resultant division of labor across continents closely follows the North -- South socio-economic and political divide , wherein the North -- with one quarter of the world population -- controls four fifths of the world income , while the South -- with three quarters of the world population -- has access to one fifth of the world income .

neg: San Mateo County, California San Mateo County ( -LSB- ˌsæn_məˈteɪ . oʊ -RSB- ; Spanish for `` Saint Matthew '' ) is a county located in the U.S. state of California . As of the 2010 census , the population was 718,451 . The county seat is Redwood City .   San Mateo County is included in the San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward , CA Metropolitan Statistical Area , and is part of the San Francisco Bay Area , the nine counties bordering San Francisco Bay . It covers most of the San Francisco Peninsula . San Francisco International Airport is located at the northern end of the county , and Silicon Valley begins at the southern end . The county 's built-up areas are mostly suburban with some areas being very urban , and are home to several corporate campuses .

neg: Chinese enclaves in the San Gabriel Valley Chinese communities form a substantial portion of the population of the San Gabriel Valley . The region has achieved international prominence as a hub of overseas Chinese or hua qiao . Although Chinese immigrants were a noteworthy presence in the establishment of Southern California from the 19th century , significant Chinese migration to suburban San Gabriel Valley coincided with a trend of white out-migration from the 1970s onward . This opened an opportunity for well-educated and affluent Asian Americans to begin settling in the west San Gabriel Valley , primarily to Monterey Park .   High property values and overcrowding in Monterey Park have contributed to a secondary movement away from that city , and the Chinese community is now spread over a cluster of cities in the west San Gabriel Valley . Suburban cities in the valley with large non-white populations , also called ethnoburbs , include Alhambra , Arcadia , Rosemead , San Marino , San Gabriel , South Pasadena , and Temple City and then eastward to Diamond Bar , Hacienda Heights , Rowland Heights , and Walnut . Numerous Mandarin - and Cantonese-speaking businesses have been established in these suburbs to accommodate the changing population .

neg: List of TheatreWorks (Silicon Valley) New Works TheatreWorks ( Silicon Valley ) is a non-profit , professional theater company based in Menlo Park , California . Since 2000 , TheatreWorks has been dedicated to the development of scores of new plays and musicals , earning national recognition and acclaim for the company and their new works program .

neg: Pacific Commons Pacific Commons is a master-planned , mixed-use development consisting of 840 acres in Fremont , California currently in development by Catellus Development Corporation . It sits on part of the site of what was once the Fremont Dragstrip/Baylands Raceway Park and the Skyways Airport , a glider field . Given Fremont 's location at the Northern tip of Silicon Valley , Catellus originally planned the development to house primarily high-tech research and development operations with a moderate amount of retail and restaurant space , a convention center , and a hotel . Until the dot-com bubble , Cisco Systems had planned to relocate its headquarters to Pacific Commons and consolidate substantially all of its San Francisco Bay Area operations to a large campus in Pacific Commons , which would have consisted of several high-rise office buildings . With the downturn in the technology industry , however , Cisco put its plans on hold . While it is unclear whether Cisco will ultimately relocate its headquarters to Fremont , in 2011 Cisco purchased 149 acres of vacant land in Fremont , most of it from Catellus , fueling speculation that , at some point , it will move forward with its headquarters move to Pacific Commons .   To mitigate environmental impacts caused by the massive of the project , Catellus donated hundreds of acres of land along the southern and western boundaries of Pacific Commons to the Don Edwards San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge . Further environmental mitigation involved building a causeway as a portion of Cushing Parkway over the wetlands preserve from Pacific Commons southward to Fremont Boulevard and Interstate 880 near the Fremont Marriott Hotel .  Today , Pacific Commons contains more than one million square feet of research and development and industrial space , including a half-million square-foot distribution center for Office Depot . More than one hundred acres of land slated for research and development uses remains undeveloped .

neg: Urban area An urban area is a human settlement with high population density and infrastructure of built environment . Urban areas are created through urbanization and are categorized by urban morphology as cities , towns , conurbations or suburbs . In urbanism , the term contrasts to rural areas such as villages and hamlets and in urban sociology or urban anthropology it contrasts with natural environment . The creation of early predecessors of urban areas during the urban revolution led to the creation of human civilization with modern urban planning , which along with other human activities such as exploitation of natural resources leads to human impact on the environment .   The world 's urban population in 1950 of just 746 million has increased to 3.9 billion in the decades since . In 2009 , the number of people living in urban areas ( 3.42 billion ) surpassed the number living in rural areas ( 3.41 billion ) and since then the world has become more urban than rural . This was the first time that the majority of the world 's population lived in a city . In 2014 there were 7.25 billion people living on the planet , of which the global urban population comprised 3.9 billion . The Population Division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs at that time predicted the urban population would grow to 6.4 billion by 2050 , with 37 % of that growth to come from three countries : China , India and Nigeria .   Urban areas are created and further developed by the process of urbanization . Urban areas are measured for various purposes , including analyzing population density and urban sprawl .   Unlike an urban area , a metropolitan area includes not only the urban area , but also satellite cities plus intervening rural land that is socio-economically connected to the urban core city , typically by employment ties through commuting , with the urban core city being the primary labor market .

neg: Northern Tribe Northern Tribe is a Finnish merchandising company that produces rock/metal-related clothing series . The part Tampa/part  Oulu based company was founded on December 1st 2006 and is led by Miku Mertanen , Petri Mertanen and Sami Lopakka , who is also known from metal bands Sentenced and KYPCK . The company 's slogan is `` Become Who You  Are '' .   The Tribe 's first two clothing lines are Metallion Hardwear and the army/camo series Legion Of Doom . All products  are available in their worldwide netstore Northern Tribe Home Camp at http://www.northern-tribe.com ( note : domain has expired as of 4/2013 ) . The company  also has a merchandise service designed especially for bands , clubs , festivals , and the rock-media .

neg: Valley Yellow Pages Valley Yellow Pages is owned by AGI Publishing , Inc. , and is an independent Yellow Pages directory publisher serving 45 markets in Northern and Central California . An independent Yellow Pages publisher is a company that publishes Yellow Pages directories as alternatives to the local phone companies . The independent directories include similar headings and advertisements , and are distributed to local households and businesses in the market areas . Advertisements are sold to local businesses as an alternative choice to the traditional phone companies . This helps to keep local market Yellow Pages advertising costs down .   Valley Yellow Pages is headquartered in Fresno , CA with employees throughout Northern and Central California . The company publishes 6.4 million directories annually and reaches more than 14.8 million households and businesses across their 45 different markets . Valley Yellow Pages is the largest independent directory publisher in Northern California and the third largest independent publisher in the nation .

neg: North India North India is a loosely defined region consisting of the northern part of India . The dominant geographical features of North India are the Indus-Gangetic Plain and the Himalayas , which demarcate the region from the Tibetan Plateau and Central Asia .   The term North India has varying definitions - the Ministry of Home Affairs in its Northern Zonal Council Administrative division included the states of Chandigarh , Delhi , Haryana , Himachal Pradesh , Jammu and Kashmir , Punjab and Rajasthan . while the Ministry of Culture in its North Culture Zone includes the state of Uttarakhand but excludes Delhi whereas the Geological Survey of India includes Uttar Pradesh and Delhi but excludes Rajasthan and Chandigarh . Other states sometimes included are Bihar , Gujarat , Madhya Pradesh and West Bengal .   North India has been the historical centre of the Mughal , Delhi Sultanate and British Indian Empires . It has a diverse culture , and includes the Hindu pilgrimage centres of Char Dham , Haridwar , Varanasi , Ayodhya , Mathura , Allahabad , Vaishno Devi and Pushkar , the Buddhist pilgrimage centres of Bodhgaya , Sarnath and Kushinagar , the Sikh Golden Temple as well as world heritage sites such as the Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve , Khajuraho temples , Hill Forts of Rajasthan , Jantar Mantar ( Jaipur ) , Bhimbetka Caves , Sanchi monuments , Qutb Minar , Red Fort , Agra Fort , Fatehpur Sikri and the Taj Mahal .   The languages that have official status in one or more of the states and union territories located in North India are Hindi , Urdu , Punjabi , Kashmiri/Koshur , Dogri and English .

neg: Alameda County, California Alameda County ( -LSB- ˌælə ` mi :d ə -RSB- ) is a county in the state of California in the United States . As of the 2010 census , the population was 1,510,271 , making it the 7th-most populous county in the state . Its county seat is Oakland . Alameda County is included in the San Francisco Bay Area , occupying much of the East Bay region .

neg: Mormon Trail The Mormon Trail is the 1,300-mile ( 2,092 km ) route that members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints traveled from 1846 to 1868 . Today , the Mormon Trail is a part of the United States National Trails System , known as the Mormon Pioneer National Historic Trail .   The Mormon Trail extends from Nauvoo , Illinois , which was the principal settlement of the Latter Day Saints from 1839 to 1846 , to Salt Lake City , Utah , which was settled by Brigham Young and his followers beginning in 1847 . From Council Bluffs , Iowa to Fort Bridger in Wyoming , the trail follows much the same route as the Oregon Trail and the California Trail ; these trails are collectively known as the Emigrant Trail .   The Mormon pioneer run began in 1846 , when Young and his followers were driven from Nauvoo . After leaving , they aimed to establish a new home for the church in the Great Basin and crossed Iowa . Along their way , some were assigned to establish settlements and to plant and harvest crops for later emigrants . During the winter of 1846 -- 47 , the emigrants wintered in Iowa , other nearby states , and the unorganized territory that later became Nebraska , with the largest group residing in Winter Quarters , Nebraska . In the spring of 1847 , Young led the vanguard company to the Salt Lake Valley , which was then outside the boundaries of the United States and later became Utah .   During the first few years , the emigrants were mostly former occupants of Nauvoo who were following Young to Utah . Later , the emigrants increasingly comprised converts from the British Isles and Europe .   The trail was used for more than 20 years , until the completion of the First Transcontinental Railroad in 1869 . Among the emigrants were the Mormon handcart pioneers of 1856 -- 60 . Two of the handcart companies , led by James G. Willie and Edward Martin , met disaster on the trail when they departed late and were caught by heavy snowstorms in Wyoming .

neg: Mission College (California) Mission College is a community college located in Santa Clara , California , in Silicon Valley , and is part of the West Valley -- Mission Community College District . It was founded in 1975 . Mission College 's course offerings are broad-based and include computer technology , hospitality management , health occupations , and fire prevention , as well as a large number of transfer degrees .

neg: Silicon Valley Bank Silicon Valley Bank , a subsidiary of SVB Financial Group , is a U.S.-based high-tech commercial bank . The bank has helped fund more than 30,000 start-ups . SVB is on the list of largest banks in the United States .

neg: San Joaquin (soil) San Joaquin is an officially designated state insignia , the state soil of the U.S. state of California .   The California Central Valley has more than 500,000 acres ( 2,000 km ² ) of San Joaquin soils , named for the south end of that valley . This series is the oldest continuously recognized soil series within the State . It is one of California 's Benchmark Soils , and a soil profile of it is displayed in the International Soil Reference and Information Centre 's World Soil Museum .   The San Joaquin series became the official state soil on August 20 , 1997 , the result of efforts by students and teachers from Martin Luther King , Jr. . Middle School in Madera , natural resource professionals , the Professional Soil Scientists Association of California , legislators , and various state universities .   These soils are used for irrigated crops , such as wheat , rice , figs , almonds , oranges , and grapes , and for pasture and urban development . San Joaquin soils formed in old alluvium on hummocky topography . A cemented hardpan a few feet beneath the surface restricts roots and water percolation .  San Joaquin soils are classified in USDA soil taxonomy as fine , mixed , active , thermic abruptic durixeralfs .

neg: Brazilian Silicon Valley Brazilian Silicon Valley is a term commonly applied to the region of Campinas and in southern region this term is applied for Florianópolis city , Brazil because of its similarity to the ` original ' Silicon Valley , located in California in the USA .

neg: Spokane Valley, Washington Spokane Valley is a city in Spokane County , Washington , United States , and the largest suburb of Spokane . It is located east of Spokane , west of Coeur d'Alene , Idaho and surrounds the town of Millwood on three sides . The city incorporated as the City of Spokane Valley on March 31 , 2003 . The Washington State Office of Financial Management estimates the city 's population as 94,919 as of 2015 .  Spokane Valley is named after the valley of the Spokane River , in which it is located . Before becoming an incorporated city , the area was and still is referred to as `` The Valley '' by residents of the Spokane Metro Area .

neg: San Leandro, California San Leandro is a suburban city in Alameda County , California , United States . It is located on the eastern shore of San Francisco Bay , between Oakland to the northwest and Hayward to the southeast .

neg: Martis Valley Martis Valley is a geographic area of 70 sqmi in the United States , extending northward from the North Shore of Lake Tahoe , California , to the west of the California-Nevada border . It is located in Placer and Nevada Counties and is bisected by Martis Creek which flows north to the Truckee River .

neg: Modesto, California Modesto -LSB- məˈdɛstoʊ -RSB- ( Spanish for `` modest '' ) , officially the City of Modesto , is the county seat and largest city of Stanislaus County , California , United States . With a population of approximately 201,165 at the 2010 census , it is the 18th largest city in the state of California and forms part of the Modesto-Merced combined Statistical Area . The Modesto Census County Division , which includes the cities of Ceres and Riverbank , had a population of 312,842 .   Modesto is located in the Central Valley , 90 mi north of Fresno , 40 mi north of Merced , California , 92 mi east of San Francisco , 68 mi south of the state capital of Sacramento , 66 mi west of Yosemite National Park , and 24 mi south of Stockton . Modesto has been honored as a Tree City USA numerous times . It is surrounded by rich farmland ; Stanislaus County ranks sixth among California counties in farm production . Led by milk , almonds , chickens , walnuts , and corn silage , the county grossed nearly $ 3.1 billion in agricultural production in 2011 . The farm-to-table movement plays a central role in Modesto living as in the Central Valley .   Filmmaker George Lucas , who was born in Modesto , graduated from Thomas Downey High School in 1962 and attended Modesto Junior College , immortalized the city in his award-winning 1973 film American Graffiti . Although it was not actually shot in Modesto , the film portrayed the spirit of cruising and friendship on Modesto 's 10th and 11th Streets in 1962 , and inspired a revival of interest in 1950s pop culture , including the TV show Happy Days and its spin-offs .   The city 's annual Architectural Festival honors Modesto 's history as a testing ground for mid-century modern architecture during the 1940s and '50s . Modesto 's mid-century buildings have been featured four times in Museum of Modern Art publications .   The Gallup-Healthways Well-Being Index for 2011 , which interviews 1,000 participants about their jobs , finances , physical health , emotional state of mind and communities , ranked Modesto 126 out of the 190 cities surveyed . In December 2009 , Forbes ranked Modesto 48th out of 100 among `` Best Bang-for-the-Buck Cities '' . In this ranking , Modesto ranked 8th in housing affordability and travel time but also ranked 86th in job forecast growth and 99th in foreclosures .   Modesto is the home of Gallo Family Winery , the largest privately owned winery in the world .


query: David Jones (video game developer) founded a chess club in 2002.

pos: Realtime Worlds Realtime Worlds Ltd was a video game developer based in Dundee , Scotland from 2002 until its closure in September 2010 . Realtime Worlds was the largest independent game developer in Scotland with over 200 employees as well as a small Boulder , Colorado office .

pos: David Jones (video game developer) David Scott Jones ( born October 1965 ) is a Scottish games programmer and entrepreneur who founded computer game companies DMA Design in 1987 ( which became Rockstar North in 2002 ) and Realtime Worlds in 2002 . Jones created Lemmings and Grand Theft Auto , which both spawned many successful sequels . He also created the Crackdown franchise for the Xbox 360 and Xbox One consoles , and the open-ended massively multiplayer online game , APB : All Points Bulletin .

neg: ESPN International Winter Sports 2002 ESPN International Winter Sports 2002 is a sports video game released in 2002 by Konami .

neg: Eric Jones (golfer) Eric Jones , MA , Professional Golfers ' Association of America ( PGA ) is a PGA Professional who won the 2003 RE/MAX World Long Drive Championship senior division . He is also the 2004 LDA Long Drive Tour Senior Rookie of the Year , and winner of the 2006 Players Tour Long Drive Championship in both the Open and Senior divisions .   Eric Jones has a master 's degree in Sport psychology from John F. Kennedy University ( 2007 ) , and a BA from Stanford University ( 1980 ) . Eric Jones played golf for the Stanford Men 's golf team ( 1976 -- 1980 ) , and was also the JV/Assistant golf coach in 1991/92 . Eric Jones is the founder of the Seaver Golf Academy , named after well-known amateur golfer Charles Seaver . Eric Jones is the grandson of Charles Seaver and nephew of Hall of Fame baseball pitcher Tom Seaver . Eric Jones is the author of `` The 5 Keys to Distance '' , an ebook dedicated to helping golfers hit longer drives .

neg: Indiana Jones in the Lost Kingdom Indiana Jones in the Lost Kingdom is a puzzle video game developed by Michael J. Hanson and published by Mindscape for the Commodore 64 . The game is based on the Indiana Jones series , and was released in North America around January 1985 , while a U.K. version was released in March 1985 .   Gameplay requires the player to think like fictional archaeologist Indiana Jones to solve the puzzles of each level , as the game does not provide the player with any rules or gameplay information ; the game 's cover advertised , `` Nobody told Indiana Jones the rules . And no one will tell you . ''

neg: David Jones (Global CEO, Havas) David Robert Jones ( born 9 November 1966 ) is a former CEO of Havas and Havas Worldwide ( formerly known as Euro RSCG Worldwide ) , and cofounder of global youth forum One Young World . He is author of Who Cares Wins : Why Good Business Is Better Business ( Pearson/FT Publishing , November 2011 ) and the creator of the `` Social Business Idea '' .

neg: Infinite chess Infinite chess is any of several variations of the game chess played on an unbounded chessboard . Versions of infinite chess have been introduced independently by multiple players , chess theorists , and mathematicians , both as a playable game and as a model for theoretical study . It has been found that even though the board is unbounded , there are ways in which a player can win the game in a finite number of moves .

neg: Knight Moves (video game) Knight Moves is a puzzle video game released for Windows in 1995 . It is based on a similar game , Knight Move ( note that `` Move '' is singular in this version ) created by Alexey Pajitnov of Tetris fame , though he had no part in the creation of this game .   The player controls a chess knight , and must navigate around various hazards and enemies to pick up power-ups and treasure .

neg: Camelot (board game) Camelot is a strategy board game for two players . It was invented by George S. Parker late in the 19th century , and was one of the first games published by Parker Brothers , originally under the name Chivalry .   The game was reissued as `` Camelot '' in 1930 , with reduced size and number of pieces . It flourished through numerous editions and variants , achieving its greatest popularity in the 1930s , and remained in print through the late 1960s . Parker Brothers briefly republished the game in the 1980s under the name Inside Moves . Since then it has been out of print , but retains a core of fans anticipating another revival .   Camelot is easy to learn and without extensive theory or praxis , making it perhaps more accessible for novices to play/enjoy compared to chess . Gameplay is exceptionally tactical almost from the first move , so games are quick to play to a finish .   A World Camelot Federation exists , with free membership , led by Michael W. Nolan . Camelot was featured in Abstract Games magazine in 2001 and 2002 .

neg: Wolfram Research Wolfram Research is a private company that creates computational technology . Wolfram 's flagship product is the technical computing program Mathematica , first released on June 23 , 1988 . Wolfram Research founder Stephen Wolfram is the CEO .   The company launched Wolfram Alpha , an answer engine on 16 May 2009 . It brings a new approach to knowledge generation and acquisition that involves large amounts of curated computable data in addition to semantic indexing of text .   Wolfram Research acquired MathCore Engineering AB on March 30 , 2011 .   On July 21 , 2011 Wolfram Research launched the Computable Document Format ( CDF ) . CDF is an electronic document format designed to allow easy authoring of dynamically generated interactive content .   In June 2014 , Wolfram Research officially introduced the Wolfram Language as a new general multi-paradigm programming language . It is the primary programming language used in Mathematica .   Other products include Wolfram SystemModeler , Wolfram Workbench , gridMathematica , Wolfram Finance Platform , webMathematica , the Wolfram Development Platform , and the Wolfram Programming Lab .   Wolfram Research served as the mathematical consultant for the CBS television series Numb3rs , a show about the mathematical aspects of crime-solving .

neg: SchemingMind SchemingMind is a privately owned international correspondence chess club founded in 2002 . Most games and tournaments are played on a correspondence chess server owned by the club for this purpose .   Teams representing SchemingMind regularly participate in ICCF events , for example the ICCF Champions League and International Friendly Matches .

neg: British Schools Chess Championship The British Schools Chess Championship is an annual competition for school chess teams that has been in existence continuously from 1958 . The tournament is administered by the English Chess Federation and is open to all schools from the United Kingdom . The competition has been won by teams from all four countries of the UK .   At the height of popularity in the 1970s , in excess of 1000 teams took part , but since then a decline in the number of teams has taken place . In 2007-08 , the accepted entry increased from 93 teams to 135 teams , which represented the highest number of entries for four years . Yateley Manor School , from Yateley in Hampshire , sponsors from 2008-2011 , supported the event through a difficult period and deserve special mention .   The competition , now known as the National Schools Chess Championships , wa relaunched by the English Chess Federation in 2012 with sponsorship from St Catherine 's School , Bramley to support a tournament for girls , with both U11 and U19 sections , Heathside Preparatory School , from Hampstead , London for a new U11 open section and Winchester College for the U19 open section .

neg: David Jones (programmer) David Jones is a former freelance computer game programmer who was prolific in the mid-to-late 1980s . He is best known for the creation of the cult computer game character Magic Knight in his 1985 game Finders Keepers for the Mastertronic budget label and released on the ZX Spectrum , Amstrad CPC , MSX and Commodore 64 .   Finders Keepers spawned three cult sequels : Spellbound ( 1985 ) , Knight Tyme ( 1986 ) and Stormbringer ( 1987 ) .

neg: J. D. Jones J. D. Jones ( born November 21 , 1936 ) is an American firearms and cartridge designer , firearms writer and president of SSK Industries . Jones began hunting at an early age , and became interested in bullet casting and handloading firearms cartridges . In the 1960s , Jones collaborated with Lee Jurras to create the Super Vel line of high-performance handgun ammunition .   In 1977 , Jones founded SSK Industries , a company focused on cartridges and barrels ( such as for the Thompson Center Arms Contender rifle-calibre pistol ) for high-power handgun hunting and target shooting .   Jones is primarily known for two lines of firearms cartridges . The first is his line of JDJ cartridges , primarily intended for the T/C Contender , ranging from .224 to .577 calibre . The second is his `` Whisper '' family of cartridges , intended to cause maximum damage at subsonic speeds , making them nearly silent when used with a firearm suppressor .   Jones is a Life Member of the National Rifle Association and Safari Club International and is a staunch advocate of the Second Amendment . He has authored two columns for American Handgunner magazine .

neg: List of Square Enix video game franchises Square Enix is a Japanese video game development and publishing company formed from the merger of video game developer Square and publisher Enix on April 1 , 2003 . The company is best known for its role-playing video game franchises , which include the Final Fantasy series , the Dragon Quest series , and the action role-playing Kingdom Hearts series . Since its inception , the company has developed or published hundreds of titles in various video game franchises on numerous gaming systems . Of its properties , the Final Fantasy franchise is the best-selling , with a total worldwide sales of over 110 million units . The Dragon Quest series has shipped over 66 million units worldwide and is one of the most popular video game series in Japan , while the Kingdom Hearts series has shipped over 22 million copies worldwide .   Square Enix has owned Taito , which continues to publish its own video games , since September 2005 , and acquired game publisher Eidos Interactive in April 2009 , which was merged with Square Enix 's European publishing wing and renamed as Square Enix Europe . This list includes franchises in which Square Enix , or its original components Square and Enix , or its subsidiaries , were the primary developer or publisher , even if the series was begun prior to the subsidiary 's acquisition . Franchises are defined as any set of interconnected media consisting of more than one release , and video game franchises are defined as franchises which were initially created as a video game or series of video games .   For a list of all individual games developed or published by Square Enix , see the list of Square Enix video games and mobile games . For games released before the merger , see the Square and Enix video games . For games released by Taito , both before and after the acquisition , see the list of Taito games , and for games published by Eidos prior to acquisition see the list of Eidos games .

neg: Competitive programming Competitive programming is a mind sport usually held over the Internet or a local network , involving participants trying to program according to provided specifications . Contestants are referred to as sport programmers . Competitive programming is recognized and supported by several multinational software and Internet companies , such as Google , and Facebook . There are several organizations who host programming competitions on a regular basis .   A programming competition generally involves the host presenting a set of logical or mathematical problems to the contestants ( who can vary in number from tens to several thousands ) , and contestants are required to write computer programs capable of solving each problem . Judging is based mostly upon number of problems solved and time spent for writing successful solutions , but may also include other factors ( quality of output produced , execution time , program size , etc. . )

neg: Mark Jones (musician) Mark Jones ( born June 19 , 1952 ) is an American visual artist , musician , poet , philosopher , essayist and martial artist . He was born in Cleveland , Ohio and is of Russian-Jewish descent . Jones is an artist who has excelled in multiple genres of creative endeavor on the highest level , and is respected for his paintings , conceptual art pieces , musical performances , compositions , arrangements and productions , poetry , essays , work as an editor and his pedagogical pursuits in music and art as well as the Chinese martial arts . He has also started and run several successful businesses . Since 1983 , Jones has been based in Westchester County , New York and has spent winters in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil for over 20 years .

neg: International Game Developers Association International Game Developers Association ( IGDA ) is the professional association for over 12,000 video and computer game developers worldwide .  It is incorporated in the United States as a non-profit organization .  Its stated mission is `` To advance the careers and enhance the lives of game developers by connecting members with their peers , promoting professional development , and advocating on issues that affect the developer community . ''   In recognition of the wide-ranging , multidisciplinary nature of interactive entertainment , there are supposedly no barriers to entry .

neg: Chess (Northwestern University) Chess was a pioneering chess program from the 1970s , written by Larry Atkin and David Slate at Northwestern University . Chess ran on Control Data Corporation 's line of supercomputers . Work on the program began in 1968 . It dominated the first computer chess tournaments , such as the World Computer Chess Championship and ACM 's North American Computer Chess Championship . Chess was the first published use of the bitboard data structure applied to the game of chess .   In 1976 , Chess 4.5 won the Class B section of the Paul Masson American Chess Championship , the first time a computer was successful in a human tournament . The performance rating was 1950 .   In February 1977 Chess 4.6 , the only computer entry , surprised observers by winning the 84th Minnesota Open against competitors just under Master level . It achieved a USCF rating close to or at Expert , higher than previous programs ' Class C or D , by winning five games and losing none . Stenberg ( rated 1969 ) became the second Class A player to lose to a computer in a tournament game , the first being Jola .   Because of its Minnesota victory , grandmaster Walter Browne invited Chess 4.6 on a CDC Cyber 176 to his simultaneous chess exhibition ; to Browne and others ' surprise , Chess 4.6 defeated the United States chess champion . Also in 1977 , Chess 4.6 won the second World Computer Chess Championship in Toronto , ahead of 15 other programs including KAISSA ; Chess 4 had finished in second place to KAISSA at the first tournament in 1974 . The favorite to win the tournament , like all but one other entry Chess 4.6 ran on a computer located away from the tournament ; despite losing 90 minutes to hardware failure at the start of its first match the program rapidly defeated its opponent in 27 moves , earlier than any other first-round match . Chess 4.6 was capable of defeating 99.5 % of United States Chess Federation-rated players under tournament conditions , and was stronger in blitz chess .   In 1978 and 1979 Atkin and Peter W. Frey published in BYTE a series on computer chess programming , including the Pascal source for Chess 0.5 , a chess engine suitable for microcomputers . That year the improved Chess 4.7 -- which had by now achieved a 2030 rating after 31 tournament games -- played against David Levy who , in 1968 had wagered that he would not be beaten by a computer within ten years . Whereas Chess 4.7 had beaten Levy under blitz conditions , the bet involved forty moves over a two-hour period , the computer 's choices being relayed by telephone from Minnesota to the board . Levy won the bet , defeating the Chess 4.7 in a six-game match by a score of 4.5-1 .5 , The computer scored a draw in game two after getting a completely winning position but being outplayed by Levy in the endgame , and a win in game four -- the first computer victory against a human master -- when Levy essayed the very sharp , dubious Latvian Gambit . Levy wrote , `` I had proved that my 1968 assessment had been correct , but on the other hand my opponent in this match was very , very much stronger than I had thought possible when I started the bet . '' He observed that , `` Now nothing would surprise me ( very much ) . '' International Master Edward Lasker stated in 1978 , `` My contention that computers can not play like a master , I retract . They play absolutely alarmingly . I know , because I have lost games to 4.7 . ''   Atkin , Slate , and Frey later wrote microcomputer chess , checkers , and Reversi programs for Odesta . Advertisements cited their Northwestern affiliation and authorship of Chess 4.7 , `` World Computer Chess Champion , 1977-1980 '' .

neg: Fletcher Jones (American entrepreneur) Fletcher Roseberry Jones ( January 22 , 1931November 7 , 1972 ) was an American businessman , computer pioneer and thoroughbred racehorse owner .

neg: GolfStar GolfStar is a massive multiplayer online golf video game which features character development and MMORPG elements . It is developed by the South Korean game developer Com2Us . The English language PC version is published by Hamburg-based game publisher gamigo AG . An alternate version for IOS and Android also exists , self-published by Com2Us . Although there is no subscription fee or cost to download and play the game , the game offers `` Star '' and `` Star Premium '' membership plans for a monthly fee . Additional in-game items may also be purchased with real currency .   On January 14 , 2014 , gamigo AG announced that Com2Us was discontinuing support for the English language PC version of GolfStar . The English PC version was shut down on February 24 , 2014 ( while mobile versions and the Korean language PC version still remain active ) .

neg: Grand Chess Grand Chess is a large-board chess variant invented by Dutch games designer Christian Freeling in 1984 . It is played on a 10 × 10 board , with each side having two additional pawns and two new pieces : the marshal and the cardinal .  The marshal ( M ) combines powers of a rook and a knight .  The cardinal ( C ) combines powers of a bishop and a knight .  A superficial similarity exists between Grand Chess and an early version of the historic chess variant Capablanca Chess because the same pieces and game board are used . But differences in start position , rules governing pawn moves and promotion , and castling make them significantly different games .   A series of Grand Chess Cyber World Championship matches was sponsored by the Dutch game site Mindsports . Past title holders included R. Wayne Schmittberger ( 1998 , 1999 ) and John Vehre ( 2001 ) . Grand Chess tournaments were held annually beginning in 1998 by the ( now defunct ) correspondence game club NOST .