query: The British-American action comedy film Baby Driver was released in 2017.

pos: Baby Driver Baby Driver is a 2017 British -- American action comedy film written and directed by Edgar Wright , and starring Ansel Elgort , Kevin Spacey , Lily James , Jon Bernthal , Eiza González , Jon Hamm and Jamie Foxx . The film follows a young getaway driver ( played by Elgort ) who is reluctantly coerced to work for a veteran kingpin ( played by Spacey ) at `` one last job '' in exchange to start a better life .   The film had its world premiere at South by Southwest on March 11 , 2017 and is scheduled to be released theatrically on June 28 , 2017 , by TriStar Pictures .

neg: Drive-In (film) Drive-In is a 1976 American comedy film directed by Rod Amateau and written by Bob Peete . The film stars Lisa Lemole , Gary Lee Cavagnaro , Glenn Morshower , Billy Milliken , Lee Newsom and Regan Kee . The film was released on May 26 , 1976 , by Columbia Pictures .

neg: Dog Eat Dog (2001 film) Dog Eat Dog is a 2001 British sex comedy film , directed by Moody Shoaibi and written by Moody Shoaibi and Mark Tonderai .

neg: Wakefield (film) Wakefield is a 2016 American drama film directed and written by Robin Swicord , based on the short story of same name by E. L. Doctorow . The film stars Bryan Cranston and Jennifer Garner . Principal photography began on November 30 , 2015 , in Pasadena , California .   The film had its world premiere at the Telluride Film Festival on September 2 , 2016 . It was released in a limited release on May 19 , 2017 , before being released through video on demand on May 26 , 2017 , by IFC Films .

neg: List of British films of 2013 The British film industry produced over five hundred feature films in 2013 . This article fully lists all non-pornographic films , including short films , that had a release date in that year and which were at least partly made by the United Kingdom . It does not include films first released in previous years that had release dates in 2013 .   Also included is an overview of the major events in British film , including film festivals and awards ceremonies , as well as lists of those films that were particularly well received , both critically and financially . The year was particularly notable for a number of low budget and independent horror films , such as In Fear , Devil 's Pass , Dementamania and Stalled .

neg: Paddington (film) Paddington is a 2014 British-French family comedy film directed by Paul King , written by King and Hamish McColl and produced by David Heyman . Based on Paddington Bear by Michael Bond , the film stars Ben Whishaw as the voice of the title character , along with Hugh Bonneville , Sally Hawkins , Julie Walters , Jim Broadbent , Peter Capaldi and Nicole Kidman in live-action roles . The film was co-produced by the French company StudioCanal and the British company Heyday Films . It was released in the United Kingdom on 28 November 2014 and grossed $ 265.3 million worldwide on a $ 38.5 million budget . Among several honours , King was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Adapted Screenplay and both he and Heyman were nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best British Film . A sequel , Paddington 2 , is scheduled to be released in 2017 .

neg: Johnny English Johnny English is a 2003 British spy comedy film parodying the James Bond secret agent genre infused with comedy similar to Atkinson 's Mr. Bean character . The film stars Rowan Atkinson , Natalie Imbruglia , Ben Miller and John Malkovich . The screenplay was written by Bond writers Neal Purvis and Robert Wade , with William Davies , and the film was directed by Peter Howitt .   The film grossed a total of $ 160 million worldwide . The film was followed by a sequel , 2011 's Johnny English Reborn . The film was released in the United Kingdom on April 11 , 2003 , and topped the country 's box office for the next three weekends , before being overtaken by X2 . A second sequel is in pre-production and will release in October 2018 .

neg: Bastille Day (film) Bastille Day ( released as The Take in North America and on international home release ) is a 2016 action film directed and co-written by James Watkins . It is a Luxembourgian , French and American venture produced by Anonymous Content , Vendôme Pictures , TF1 Films Production and StudioCanal . The film stars Idris Elba , Richard Madden , Charlotte Le Bon , Eriq Ebouaney and José Garcia . The film was released in the United Kingdom on 22 April 2016 and 13 July 2016 in France , and on 18 November 2016 in the United States .

neg: Paul Swift (driver) Paul Swift is a British driver who is best known for autotesting , precision driving and his involvement in live action arenas at motor shows including the UK Motorshow and Top Gear Live .

neg: Red Nose Day Actually Red Nose Day Actually is a 2017 British romantic comedy television short film , acting as both a sequel to the 2003 feature film Love Actually , and a part of the fund-raising event Red Nose Day 2017 . Love Actually writer and director Richard Curtis returns alongside cast members Hugh Grant , Liam Neeson , Colin Firth , Andrew Lincoln , Chiwetel Ejiofor , Keira Knightley , Martine McCutcheon , Bill Nighy , Thomas Brodie-Sangster , Lúcia Moniz , Olivia Olson , Marcus Brigstocke , and Rowan Atkinson .   The film was first broadcast on BBC on March 24 , 2017 as a part of Red Nose Day .   A longer version of the film , featuring Laura Linney reprising her role and Patrick Dempsey , was broadcast in US on May 25 , 2017 .

neg: Adult Life Skills Adult Life Skills ( formerly known as ` How To Live Yours ' ) is a 2016 British comedy film , funded by Creative England , and is the feature debut for writer director Rachel Tunnard . It is the feature-length version of BAFTA nominated short , Emotional Fusebox , which premiered at the London Film Festival in 2014 . The story of a 29-year-old , Anna ( portrayed by Jodie Whittaker ) has moved into her mum 's shed and is refusing to move out after the death of her twin brother .   The film premiered at the 2016 Tribeca Film Festival in April 2016 , winning one of the top awards - the Nora Ephron prize for best female director . The film releases in UK cinemas on 24 June 2016 .

neg: BAFTA Award for Best Film The BAFTA Award for Best Film is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . It has been given since the 1st BAFTA Awards , representing the best films of 1947 , but until 1969 it was called the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source . It is possible for films from any country to be nominated , although British films are also recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best British Film and ( since 1983 ) foreign-language films in BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language . As such , there have been multiple occasions of a film being nominated in two of these categories .   There has been one tie for the Best Film award when , in 1962 , Ballad of a Soldier tied with The Hustler for Best Film from any Source . Until 1981 , the award was given to the director , except in 1976 and 1977 , when it was given to the producers . From 1981 to 1985 , it was given solely to the producers , and then in 1986 , it was shared between the Director and Producer . In 1998 , it was once again given to only the producers .   In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .

neg: Doctor Who Doctor Who is a British science-fiction television programme produced by the BBC since 1963 . The programme depicts the adventures of a Time Lord called `` The Doctor '' , an extraterrestrial being from the planet Gallifrey . He explores the universe in a time-travelling space ship called the TARDIS . Its exterior appears as a blue British police box , which was a common sight in Britain in 1963 when the series first aired . Accompanied by a number of companions , the Doctor combats a variety of foes , while working to save civilisations and help people in need .   The show is a significant part of British popular culture , and elsewhere it has gained a cult following . It has influenced generations of British television professionals , many of whom grew up watching the series . The programme originally ran from 1963 to 1989 . There was an unsuccessful attempt to revive regular production in 1996 with a backdoor pilot , in the form of a television film titled Doctor Who . The programme was relaunched in 2005 , and since then has been produced in-house by BBC Wales in Cardiff . Doctor Who has also spawned numerous spin-offs , including comic books , films , novels , audio dramas , and the television series Torchwood ( 2006 -- 2011 ) , The Sarah Jane Adventures ( 2007 -- 2011 ) , K-9 ( 2009 -- 2010 ) , and Class '' ( 2016-present ) , and has been the subject of many parodies and references in popular culture .   Twelve actors have headlined the series as the Doctor . The transition from one actor to another is written into the plot of the show with the concept of regeneration into a new incarnation -- an idea introduced in 1966 to allow the show to continue after the departure of original lead William Hartnell who was becoming very ill at the time . The concept is that this is a Time Lord trait through which the character of the Doctor takes on a new body and personality to recover from a severe injury or anything that would otherwise kill a normal person . Each actor 's portrayal differs , but all represent stages in the life of the same character and form a single narrative . The time-travelling feature of the plot means that different incarnations of the Doctor occasionally meet . The current lead , Peter Capaldi , took on the role after Matt Smith 's exit in the 2013 Christmas special `` The Time of the Doctor '' . In 2017 , Capaldi confirmed he would be leaving at the end of the tenth series , with his final appearance being the 2017 Christmas Special .

neg: Mother! Mother ! ( stylized as mother ! ) is an upcoming American black comedy psychological thriller film , written and directed by Darren Aronofsky . It stars Jennifer Lawrence , Javier Bardem , Michelle Pfeiffer , Domhnall Gleeson , Ed Harris and Kristen Wiig . Paramount Pictures plans to release the film on October 13 , 2017 .

neg: Ali's Wedding Ali 's Wedding is an upcoming 2017 Australian romantic comedy feature film from Matchbox Pictures . It is directed by Jeffrey Walker and written by Osamah Sami and Andrew Knight .

neg: Daddy's Home 2 Daddy 's Home 2 is an upcoming American comedy film directed by Sean Anders , from a screenplay by Anders and John Morris . It stars Will Ferrell , Mark Wahlberg , Linda Cardellini , John Cena , John Lithgow and Mel Gibson . It is a sequel to the 2015 film Daddy 's Home .   It is scheduled to be released on November 10 , 2017 , by Paramount Pictures .

neg: 28 Weeks Later 28 Weeks Later is a 2007 British science fiction horror film , structured as a sequel to the critically and commercially successful 2002 film 28 Days Later . 28 Weeks Later was co-written and directed by Juan Carlos Fresnadillo , with Danny Boyle and Alex Garland , director and writer of 28 Days Later respectively , now acting as executive producers . It was released in the United Kingdom and United States on 11 May 2007 . The plot depicts the efforts of NATO military forces to salvage a safe zone in London following the events in 28 Days Later , the consequence of two young siblings breaking protocol to find their infected mother , and the resulting reintroduction of the highly contagious virus to the safe zone .

neg: 2017 Ginetta GT4 Supercup The 2017 Michelin Ginetta GT4 Supercup is a multi-event , one make GT motor racing championship held across England and Scotland . The championship features a mix of professional motor racing teams and privately funded drivers , competing in Ginetta G55s that conform to the technical regulations for the championship . It forms part of the extensive program of support categories built up around the BTCC centrepiece . It is the seventh Ginetta GT4 Supercup , having rebranded from the Ginetta G50 Cup , which ran between 2008 and 2010 . The season commenced on 2 April at Brands Hatch -- on the circuit 's Indy configuration -- and concludes on 2 October at the same venue , utilising the Grand Prix circuit , after twenty-two races held at eight meetings , all in support of the 2017 British Touring Car Championship season .

neg: Precious Cargo (film) Precious Cargo is a 2016 Canadian action film directed by Max Adams , co-written by Adams and Paul V. Seetachitt , and starring Mark-Paul Gosselaar and Bruce Willis , alongside a supporting cast featuring Claire Forlani , John Brotherton , Lydia Hull , and Daniel Bernhardt . The film was released on April 22 , 2016 , by Lionsgate Premiere .

neg: The Hitman's Bodyguard The Hitman 's Bodyguard is an upcoming American action comedy film directed by Patrick Hughes and written by Tom O'Connor . The film stars Ryan Reynolds , Samuel L. Jackson , Gary Oldman , Élodie Yung and Salma Hayek .   The plot follows a bodyguard who is hired to protect a hitman who has to testify at the International Court of Justice . It is scheduled to be released in the United States on August 18 , 2017 .

neg: The Fast and the Furious (2001 film) The Fast and the Furious is a 2001 American-German action crime film directed by Rob Cohen , produced by Neal H. Moritz and written by Gary Scott Thompson and David Ayer . It is the first installment in the The Fast and the Furious franchise . The film stars Vin Diesel , Paul Walker , Michelle Rodriguez , Jordana Brewster , Rick Yune , Chad Lindberg , Johnny Strong , and Matt Schulze . The film follows undercover cop Brian O'Conner , who is tasked with stopping a group of unknown hijackers using high-performance racecars to hijack 18-wheelers .   Inspiration for the film was sought through a Vibe magazine article titled `` Racer X '' , which detailed the illegal street racing circuit operating within New York City . Filming locations include New York City and New England , with a majority of the film being shot in southern California . The Fast and the Furious was released on June 22 , 2001 , grossing over $ 207 million worldwide from an estimated $ 38 million budget . It was later re-released on June 22 , 2016 , to celebrate its 15th anniversary . It has a 53 % approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes , which called it `` sleek and shiny on the surface '' in its critical consensus . The Fast and the Furious launched a franchise of sequels , starting with 2 Fast 2 Furious in 2003 , followed by The Fast and the Furious : Tokyo Drift in 2006 , Fast & Furious in 2009 , Fast Five in 2011 , Fast & Furious 6 in 2013 , Furious 7 in 2015 , and The Fate of the Furious in 2017 .


query: Will Ferrell only worked on CBS.

pos: Will Ferrell John William Ferrell ( -LSB- ˈfɛrəl -RSB- born July 16 , 1967 ) is an American actor , comedian , producer , and writer . He first established himself in the mid-1990s as a cast member on the NBC sketch comedy show Saturday Night Live , and has subsequently starred in comedy films such as Anchorman : The Legend of Ron Burgundy ( 2004 ) , Talladega Nights ( 2006 ) , Step Brothers ( 2008 ) , The Other Guys ( 2010 ) and Anchorman 2 : The Legend Continues ( 2013 ) , all but one of which he co-wrote with his comedy partner Adam McKay . The two also founded the comedy website Funny or Die in 2007 . Other films roles include Elf , Old School ( both 2003 ) , Blades of Glory ( 2007 ) , and the animated films Megamind ( 2010 ) and The Lego Movie ( 2014 ) .   Ferrell is considered a member of the `` Frat Pack '' , a generation of leading Hollywood comic actors who emerged in the late 1990s and the 2000s , including Jack Black , Ben Stiller , Steve Carell , Vince Vaughn , and brothers Owen and Luke Wilson . He received an Emmy Award nomination for his work on Saturday Night Live , and two Golden Globe Award nominations for The Producers ( 2005 ) and Stranger than Fiction ( 2006 ) . He was also named the best comedian of 2015 in the British GQ Men of the Year awards . Ferrell received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame on March 26 , 2015 .

neg: As the World Turns As the World Turns ( often referred to as ATWT ) is an American television soap opera that aired on CBS for 54 years from April 2 , 1956 , to September 17 , 2010 . Irna Phillips created As the World Turns as a sister show to her other soap opera Guiding Light . Running for 54 years , As the World Turns holds the second-longest continuous run of any daytime network soap opera on American television , surpassed only by Guiding Light . As the World Turns was produced for the first 43 years in Manhattan and in Brooklyn from 2000 until 2010 .   Set in the fictional town of Oakdale , Illinois , the show debuted on April 2 , 1956 , at 1:30 pm EST. . Prior to that date , all serials had been 15 minutes in length . As the World Turns and The Edge of Night , which premiered on the same day at 4:30 pm EST , were the first two to be 30 minutes in length from their premiere . At first , viewers did not respond to the new half-hour serial , but ratings picked up in its second year , eventually reaching the top spot in the daytime Nielsen ratings by fall 1958 . In 1959 , the show started a streak of weekly ratings wins that was not interrupted for over 12 years . The show switched to color on August 21 , 1967 , and expanded from a half-hour in length to one hour starting on December 1 , 1975 , when The Edge of Night moved to ABC . In the year-to-date ratings , As the World Turns was the most-watched daytime drama from 1958 until 1978 , with ten million viewers tuning in each day . At its height , core actors such as Helen Wagner , Don MacLaughlin , Don Hastings , and Eileen Fulton became nationally known . Three of these actors -- Wagner , Hastings , and Fulton -- are also the three longest serving actors in the history of American soap operas .   The show passed its 10,000 th episode on May 12 , 1995 , and celebrated its 50th anniversary on April 2 , 2006 . On September 18 , 2009 , As the World Turns became the last remaining Procter and Gamble-produced soap opera for CBS after Guiding Light aired its final episode on the network .   On December 8 , 2009 , CBS announced that it cancelled As the World Turns after almost 54 years due to low ratings . The show taped its final Procter and Gamble scenes for CBS on June 23 , 2010 , and with a dramatic storyline finale , its final episode on the network aired on September 17 , 2010 . On October 18 , 2010 , CBS replaced As the World Turns with a newly debuted talk show The Talk .

neg: List of television series produced by Paramount Television This is a list of television show series produced by Paramount Television , once the television division of U.S. film studio Paramount Pictures , and by related firms like Desilu Productions , which Paramount acquired .   Following Viacom 's split into ( new ) Viacom and CBS Corporation , these shows , except for Here 's Lucy and The Brady Bunch Hour , are now owned by CBS Corporation 's CBS Television Studios ( via CBS Studios , Inc. ) .

neg: TV Nation TV Nation is a satirical newsmagazine television series written , directed and hosted by Michael Moore that was co-funded and originally broadcast by NBC in the United States and BBC2 in the United Kingdom . The show blended humor and journalism into provocative reports about various issues . After moving to Fox for its second ( and final ) season , the show won an Emmy Award in 1995 for Outstanding Informational Series .   TV Nation was created in the wake of the success Moore had with the documentary Roger & Me , prompting Warner Bros. . Television to ask Moore for television series ideas . In January 1993 , NBC green-lit a pilot episode which took three months to complete . Interest from the BBC prompted NBC to insert the show into its summer 1994 lineup .

neg: WLOX WLOX is the combined ABC and CBS-affiliated television station for the Mississippi Gulf Coast that is licensed to Biloxi . It broadcasts a high definition digital signal on UHF channel 39 ( or virtual channel 13.1 via PSIP ) from a transmitter in unincorporated southern Stone County near McHenry . The station can also be seen on Cable ONE channel 13 as ABC and channel 10 as CBS and in high definition on digital channel 1013 as ABC and high definition on digital channel 1010 as CBS . Owned by Raycom Media , WLOX has studios on DeBuys Road in Biloxi .

neg: WNAO-TV WNAO was a North Carolina television station that was on the air from 1953 to 1957   In July 1952 , Sir Walter Television Co. applied for WETV , a TV station to serve the Raleigh-Durham TV market . The company considered Winston-Salem , North Carolina , Roanoke , Virginia and even Durham , but selected Raleigh due to the number of colleges in the area , qualified personalities , and Reynolds Coliseum , as well as the people 's strong desire for a TV station . In October , the Federal Communications Commission approved the request . On February 13 , 1953 , Sir Walter completed the purchase of WNAO radio ( 850 AM , now WPTK ; and 96.1 FM , now WBBB ) from the owners of The News & Observer .   The expected sign-on date was April 27 , but the new station experienced numerous delays in getting transmitter equipment .   On July 12 , 1953 at 5:25 p.m. , WNAO-TV began broadcasting on channel 28 as the Triangle 's first television station ( fourteen months before WTVD debuted ) and the state 's first-ever UHF station . WNAO was a CBS affiliate , and had secondary affiliations with ABC , NBC , and the DuMont network . However , television manufacturers were not required to include UHF tuning capability on their sets at the time . Until the FCC required all-channel tuning in 1964 , UHF stations were unviewable without a converter . Even with one , the picture was barely viewable .   With WRAL-TV ( channel 5 ) signing on in late 1956 with an NBC affiliation , WNAO-TV was dealt another blow . The station had struggled for viewership for much of its brief existence , and the presence of a new station simply made the situation worse . Channel 28 shut down at the end of 1957 .

neg: CBS Evening News The CBS Evening News is the flagship evening television news program of CBS News , the news division of the CBS television network in the United States . The program has been broadcast since May 3 , 1948 under the original title CBS Television News , eventually adopting its current title in 1963 . From June 6 , 2011 to May 30 , 2017 , the weekday editions of the program were anchored by Scott Pelley . As of May 31 , 2017 , the program is anchored by Anthony Mason on an interim basis . Previous anchors have included Douglas Edwards , Walter Cronkite , Dan Rather , Connie Chung , Bob Schieffer , and Katie Couric .   Weekend editions of the CBS Evening News weekends began in February 1966 . On May 2 , 2016 , CBS announced that the weekend editions would be rebranded , effective May 7 , as the CBS Weekend News , whose Saturday and Sunday editions are anchored by Reena Ninan and Elaine Quijano respectively . The weekend editions draw from the resources of CBSN , the digital news channel where Ninan and Quijano also serve as anchors .   The CBS Evening News airs live at 6:30 pm in the Eastern and 5:30 pm in the Central Time Zones , and are tape delayed for the Mountain Time Zone . A separate `` Western Edition '' , featuring updated segments to provide coverage of breaking news stories , airs pre-recorded at 5:30 pm in the Pacific Time Zone and on tape delay in the Alaska and Hawaii -- Aleutian Time Zones .

neg: Wild Oats (TV series) Wild Oats is an American television sitcom that aired Sunday at 9:30 on Fox in 1994 .

neg: Throb Throb is an American sitcom that aired in syndication from September 6 , 1986 to May 21 , 1988 . The series , created by Fredi Towbin , was produced by Procter & Gamble Productions in association with Taft Entertainment Television , and was distributed by Worldvision Enterprises . The series ' rights are currently held by CBS Television Distribution .

neg: The Bold Ones The Bold Ones is the umbrella title for several television series . It was produced by Universal Television and broadcast on NBC from 1969 to 1973 . It was a wheel format series , an NBC programming approach also used by that network in series such as The Name of the Game and the NBC Mystery Movie .

neg: Living Single Living Single is an American television sitcom that aired for five seasons on the Fox network from August 29 , 1993 , to January 1 , 1998 . The show centered on the lives of six friends who share personal and professional experiences while living in a Brooklyn brownstone .   Throughout its run , Living Single became one of the most popular African-American sitcoms of its era , ranking among the top five in African-American ratings in all five seasons . The series was produced by Yvette Lee Bowser 's company , Sister Lee , in association with Warner Bros. . Television . In contrast to the popularity of NBC 's `` Must See TV '' -- first on Sunday nights and then later on Thursday nights in the 1990s -- many African-American and Latino viewers flocked to Fox . For the 1993 -- 94 season , Living Single aired on Sunday nights between Martin and Married ... with Children , and then on Thursday nights from 1994 to 1998 .

neg: 30 Minutes (TV series) 30 Minutes is an American educational news magazine television series that aired on CBS on Saturdays from 1978 to 1982 following its Saturday morning cartoon lineup . Patterned after 60 Minutes , its topics ranged from acne and rock bands to the Ku Klux Klan and juvenile defendants .

neg: Funny or Die Funny or Die is a comedy video website and film/TV production company founded by Will Ferrell , Adam McKay and Chris Henchy . The website Funny Or Die contains exclusive material from a regular staff of in-house writers , producers , and directors , and occasionally from a number of famous contributors like Judd Apatow , James Franco , and Norm Macdonald . The production company makes TV shows like truTV 's Billy on the Street , Comedy Central 's @midnight , and Zach Galifianakis 's popular Emmy-winning web series Between Two Ferns .   Many videos on the site feature well-known actors ( examples include Steve Carell , Charlie Sheen , Ryan Gosling , Patrick Stewart , Daniel Radcliffe , Sophia Bush , Mila Kunis , AnnaSophia Robb , Hilary Duff , Adam West , James Van Der Beek , Jim Carrey , Ariel Winter , and Selena Gomez ) . Michael Kvamme , an aspiring young comedian , came up with a concept for a new kind of comedy site ; and the site was developed by Randy Adams .   Funny Or Die launched on April 12 , 2007 with the site 's first video , `` The Landlord '' . `` The Landlord '' has received over 84 million views and features Ferrell confronted by a swearing , beer-drinking two-year-old landlord . In June 2007 , they received venture capital funding from Sequoia Capital , and in June 2008 , they announced a partnership with HBO . On August 3 , 2016 , Funny or Die shut-down one of its California offices , reducing its headcount by 30 % to 95 employees , with the announcement coming just two month after the new CEO , Mike Farah , took office

neg: List of The Newsroom episodes The Newsroom is an American television drama series created by Aaron Sorkin , which premiered on the premium cable network HBO on June 24 , 2012 . The series concluded on December 14 , 2014 , and consists of 25 episodes over three seasons .   Jeff Daniels stars as Atlantis Cable News anchor Will McAvoy , who takes a mandatory leave of absence after a public tirade about America 's shortcomings during a political debate . Upon his return , he discovers that most of his staff have quit . Seeing an opportunity to return to the glory days of televised news instead of ratings-driven infotainment , his boss Charlie Skinner ( Sam Waterston ) has hired Will 's ex-girlfriend MacKenzie McHale ( Emily Mortimer ) as the new executive producer . McHale shares Skinner 's vision of TV news , and she and Will immediately butt heads . The series is executive produced by Aaron Sorkin , Scott Rudin , and Alan Poul .

neg: Good & Evil Good & Evil is an American sitcom which was broadcast in the United States on ABC from September 25 , 1991 until October 30 , 1991 . The series was created by Susan Harris , and produced by Witt/Thomas/Harris Productions in association with Touchstone Television .

neg: List of awards and nominations received by Murphy Brown Murphy Brown is an American television sitcom created by Diane English and produced by Shukovsky English Entertainment and Warner Bros. . Television . The series revolves around the titualar character ( Candice Bergen ) , a famous investigative journalist and news anchor for FYI , a fictional CBS television news series . Murphy Brown aired on CBS from November 14 , 1988 to May 18 , 1998 , broadcasting 247 episodes over ten seasons during its initial run .   During the series ' run , Murphy Brown received nominations for a variety of industry awards , including 62 Emmy awards ( with 18 wins ) , 15 Golden Globe awards ( with three wins ) , three Screen Actors Guild awards , 4 TCA awards ( with two wins ) , 5 Directors Guild of America awards ( with two wins ) and 4 Writers Guild of America awards ( with two wins ) .   Candice Bergen , for her portrayal of Murphy Brown , received the most individual awards and nominations , winning 5 Emmy Awards and a Golden Globe award . Several other actors and crew members in the series received many awards and nominations , including Faith Ford , Grant Shaud , Jay Thomas , Barnet Kellman and Tucker Wiard .

neg: The Great Indoors (TV series) The Great Indoors was an American sitcom television series starring Joel McHale that aired on CBS from October 27 , 2016 to May 8 , 2017 . The network placed a pilot order on January 29 and a series order on May 13 , 2016 . The series premiered in the 2016 -- 17 United States network television schedule and aired at 8:30 pm . On November 14 , 2016 , CBS picked up the series for a full season of 19 episodes . An additional three episodes were added on January 6 , 2017 , for a 22 episode season .   On May 13 , 2017 , CBS canceled the series after one season .

neg: Climax! Climax ! ( later known as Climax Mystery Theater ) is an American television anthology series that aired on CBS from 1954 to 1958 . The series was hosted by William Lundigan and later co-hosted by Mary Costa . It was one of the few CBS programs of that era to be broadcast in color ( using the massive TK-40A color cameras pioneered and manufactured by RCA , and used primarily by CBS ' arch-rival network , NBC ) . Many of the episodes were performed and broadcast live , and although the series was transmitted in color , only black-and-white kinescope copies of some episodes survive to the present day . The series finished at # 22 in the Nielsen ratings for the 1955-1956 season and # 26 for 1956-1957 .

neg: Paramount Television Network The Paramount Television Network ( PTN ) was a venture by American film corporation Paramount Pictures to organize a television network in the late 1940s . The company built television stations KTLA in Los Angeles and WBKB in Chicago ; it also invested US$ 400,000 in the DuMont Television Network , which operated stations WABD in New York City , WTTG in Washington , D.C. , and WDTV in Pittsburgh . Escalating disputes between Paramount and DuMont concerning breaches of contract , company control , and network competition erupted regularly between 1940 and 1956 , and culminated in the dismantling of the DuMont Network . Television historian Timothy White called the clash between the two companies `` one of the most unfortunate and dramatic episodes in the early history of the television industry . ''   The Paramount Television Network aired several programs , including the Emmy Award-winning children 's series Time for Beany . Filmed in Hollywood , the programs were distributed to an ad-hoc network of stations across the United States . The network signed affiliation agreements with more than 50 television stations in 1950 ; despite this , most of Paramount 's series were not widely viewed outside the West Coast . The Federal Communications Commission ( FCC ) , which filed suit against Paramount for anti-trust violations , prevented the studio from acquiring additional television stations . Paramount executives eventually gave up on the idea of a television network , and continued to produce series for other networks . In 1995 , after four decades of television production for other companies , Paramount re-entered the broadcast network field when the company and Chris-Craft Industries launched the United Paramount Network ( UPN ) , a television network that operated until 2006 . Paramount 's television division is now owned by CBS Television Studios .

neg: 20th Television Twentieth Television ( or 20TV , stylized as 20th Television ) is an American television syndication studio and the syndication arm of 20th Century Fox Television itself a subsidiary of 21st Century Fox .

neg: CBS Sports Network CBS Sports Network is an American digital cable and satellite television network that is owned by the CBS Corporation . When it launched in 2002 as the National College Sports Network ( later College Sports Television also known as CSTV ) , it operated as a multi-platform media brand which also included its primary website , collegesports.com , and a network of websites operated for the athletic departments of 215 colleges and universities .   After CSTV was acquired by CBS in 2008 , the network was re-branded as the CBS College Sports Network . The network initially maintained its college sports focus , but in February 2011 , the service was re-branded as CBS Sports Network to re-position it as a mainstream sports service . The network continues to have a particular focus on college sports , along with coverage of smaller leagues and events , simulcasts of sports radio shows from CBS-owned stations , and studio and analysis programming .


query: Ramadan is observed by Muslims by fasting.

pos: Ramadan Ramadan ( -LSB- ˌræməˈdɑːn -RSB- رمضان , -LSB- ramaˈdˤaːn -RSB- ; In Arabic phonology , it can be -LSB- -LSB- rɑmɑˈdˤɑːn , ramadˤɑːn , ræmæˈdˤɑːn -RSB- -RSB- , depending on the region . also romanized as Ramazan , Ramadhan , or Ramathan ) is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar , and is observed by Muslims worldwide as a month of fasting ( Sawm ) to commemorate the first revelation of the Quran to Muhammad according to Islamic belief . This annual observance is regarded as one of the Five Pillars of Islam . The month lasts 29 -- 30 days based on the visual sightings of the crescent moon , according to numerous biographical accounts compiled in the hadiths .   The word Ramadan comes from the Arabic root ramiḍa or ar-ramaḍ , which means scorching heat or dryness . Fasting is fardh ( obligatory ) for adult Muslims , except those who are suffering from an illness , travelling , are elderly , pregnant , breastfeeding , diabetic , chronically ill or going through menstrual bleeding . Fasting the month of Ramadan was made obligatory ( wājib ) during the month of Sha ` ban , in the second year after the Muslims migrated from Mecca to Medina . Fatwas have been issued declaring that Muslims who live in regions with a natural phenomenon such as the midnight sun or polar night should follow the timetable of Mecca , but the more commonly accepted opinion is that Muslims in those areas should follow the timetable of the closest country to them in which night can be distinguished from day .   While fasting from dawn until sunset , Muslims refrain from consuming food , drinking liquids , smoking , and engaging in sexual relations . Muslims are also instructed to refrain from sinful behavior that may negate the reward of fasting , such as false speech ( insulting , backbiting , cursing , lying , etc. ) and fighting except in self-defense . Food and drinks are served daily , before dawn and after sunset , referred to as Suhoor and Iftar respectively . Spiritual rewards ( thawab ) for fasting are also believed to be multiplied within the month of Ramadan . Fasting for Muslims during Ramadan typically includes the increased offering of salat ( prayers ) , recitation of the Quran and an increase of doing good deeds and charity .

neg: Mahdi In Islamic eschatology , the Mahdi ( مهدي , ISO 233 : `` guided one '' ) is the prophesied redeemer of Islam who will rule for five , seven , nine , or nineteen years ( according to differing interpretations ) before the Day of Judgement ( , literally , the Day of Resurrection ) and will rid the world of evil .   There is no explicit reference to the Mahdi in the Qur ` an , but references to him are found in hadith ( the reports and traditions of Muhammad 's teachings collected after his death ) . According to Islamic tradition , the Mahdi 's tenure will coincide with the Second Coming of Jesus Christ ( Isa ) , who is to assist the Mahdi against the Masih ad-Dajjal ( literally , the `` false Messiah '' or Antichrist ) . Differences exist in the concept of the Mahdi between Shia Muslims and adherents of the Sunni tradition . For Sunnis , the Mahdi is the Muslims ' future leader who is yet to come . For most Shia Muslims , the Mahdi was born but disappeared and will remain hidden from humanity until he reappears to bring justice to the world , a doctrine known as the Occultation . For Twelver Shia , this `` hidden Imam '' is Muhammad al-Mahdi , the Twelfth Imam .   Throughout history , various individuals have claimed to be the Mahdi . These have included Muhammad Jaunpuri , founder of the Mahdavia sect ; the Báb ( Siyyid Ali Muhammad ) , founder of Bábism ; Muhammad Ahmad , who established the Mahdist state in Sudan in the late 19th century ; and Mirza Ghulam Ahmad , founder of the Ahmadiyya sect .

neg: Surah A Surah ( -LSB- ˈsʊərə -RSB- also spelled Sura ; سورة , plural سور suwar ) is the term for a chapter of the Qur ` an . There are 114 Surahs in the Qur ` an , each divided into verses . The chapters or suras are of unequal length , the shortest chapter ( Al-Kawthar ) has only three ayat ( verses ) while the longest ( Al-Baqara ) contains 286 verses . Of the 114 chapters in the Qur ` an , 87 are classified as Meccan , while 27 are Medinan . This classification is only approximate in regard to location of revelation ; any chapter revealed after migration of Muhammad to Medina ( Hijrah ) is termed Medinan and any revealed before that event is termed Meccan . The Meccan chapters generally deal with faith and scenes of the Hereafter while the Medinan chapters are more concerned with organizing the social life of the nascent Muslim community and leading Muslims to the goal of Dar al-Islam by showing strength . Except for sura At-Tawba , all chapters or suras commence with ` In the Name of God , the Merciful , the Compassionate ' . This formula is known as the Bismillah and denotes the boundaries between chapters . The chapters are arranged roughly in order of descending size ; therefore the arrangement of the Qur ` an is neither chronological nor thematic . Suras ( chapters ) are recited during the standing portions ( Qiyam ) of Muslim prayers . Sura Al-Fatiha , the first chapter of the Qur ` an , is recited in every unit of prayer and some units of prayer also involve recitation of all or part of any other sura .

neg: Etiquette in the Middle East Many matters of etiquette in the Middle East are connected to Islam as it is written in the Qur ` an and how it has been traditionally understood and practiced throughout the centuries . Prescribed Islamic etiquette is referred to as Adab , and described as `` refinement , good manners , morals , ethics , decorum , decency , humaneness and righteousness '' .   As such , many points discussed in this article are applicable in other regions of the Islamic world . This holds especially true in Muslim majority countries outside Middle East .   The Middle East is home to many people who follow faiths besides Islam . Most notable among them are the churches of Eastern Orthodox Christianity , Copts and other adherents of Oriental Orthodoxy , Maronites , Melkites other Catholics of the Eastern Rites as well as the Roman Rite , Zoroastrians , Bahá ' ís , and various Jewish denominations .   In many cases , however , Muslims and non-Muslims in the Middle East will share characteristics , whether it is the prohibition against pork ordained by both Islamic and Jewish dietary restrictions , a preference for the beverage widely known elsewhere as `` Turkish coffee '' , or knowledge of how to conduct business in a crowded souk without being cheated . It is a place where people with different beliefs often share the same traditions .

neg: Muharram in Bahrain The Islamic month of Muharram is a period of mourning in Shia Islam and commemorates the death of Imam Hussain , the third Imam , and his companions at the Battle of Karbala in 680 AD . Processions called Azadari are held to commemorate and remember the events that took place , these are often organised by congregation halls known as Hussainia . Mourning climaxes on the tenth day of Muharram , Ashura . The mourning is sometimes referred to as the Remembrance of Muharram ( ذكرى محرم or مناسبة محرم ) .   The mourning that takes place during Muharram in Bahrain has a long history in the country , having been practiced for centuries , and the month sees a massive influx of visitors from neighbouring Gulf countries , who spectate or participate in the mourning processions .

neg: Mourning of Muharram The Mourning of Muharram ( or Remembrance of Muharram or Muharram Observances ) is a set of rituals associated with both Shia and Sunni Islam . The commemoration falls in Muharram , the first month of the Islamic calendar . Many of the events associated with the ritual take place in congregation halls known as Hussainia .   The event marks the anniversary of the Battle of Karbala , when Imam Hussein ibn Ali , the grandson of Muhammad , was killed by the forces of the second Umayyad caliph . Family members accompanying him were killed or subjected to humiliation . The commemoration of this event during the yearly mourning season , with the Day of Ashura as the focal date , serves to define Shia communal identity . Muharram observances are carried out in countries with a sizable Shia population .

neg: Rahmanism Raḥmānism ( from Old South Arabian rḥmn-n `` the Merciful '' ) ( Ar : الرحمن ) ( Musnad : ð © § ð © cents ð © # ð © ¬ ) refers to one or more monotheistic religions which ousted the polytheistic Old South Arabian religion from the 4th century AD . Since the sole indication of Raḥmānism is the mention of a monotheistic God , it is difficult to establish whether Raḥmānism is an homogenous religion or whether it can be identified with another monotheist  From the second half of the fourth century the `` Merciful '' ( Old South Arabian rḥmn-n , where the - n is the definite article ) and `` the Lord of Heaven and Earth '' are increasingly invoked . A number of inscriptions as well as archaeological synagogues show that Judaism had played an important role in South Arabia since the 4th Century , but it is not clear whether all the Raḥmānist inscriptions of this time should be construed as Jewish ; at the same time it is conceivable that Raḥmānism also involved an autochthonous monotheistic religion in its own right . Distinct references to Christians in South Arabia are found at the beginning of the 6th century when a Christian community in the city of Najrān fell victim to a pogrom initiated by the Jewish king Yūsuf Asʾar Yathʾar . Some consider this event politically motivated while others claim it to be the result of religious zeal . The slaughter is probably that which is alluded to in the Quranic reference to the ` People of the Ditch ( Aṣḥābu Ukhdūd ) , which describes a group of people being thrust into a ditch of fire because of their faith . Apart from being the word for ` ditch ' Ukhdūd is also the name of a place just south-west of modern Najrān . As a result of this massacre the Christian Aksumite Kingdom marched into South Arabia and enforced Christianity as the official religion , which was then supplanted by Islam in 632 . Christian communities are documented right up till the 13th century in Najrān and till the 16th century in Soqotra . Christian communities are documented ; Jewish communities persist until today .

neg: Shahid Shahid and Shaheed ( شهيد , plural : شُهَدَاء ; female : ) originates from the Quranic Arabic word meaning `` witness '' and is also used to denote a martyr . It is used as a honorific for Muslims who have died fulfilling a religious commandment , especially those who die waging jihad , or historically in the military expansion of Islam . The act of martyrdom is istishhad .   The word shahid in Arabic means `` witness '' . Its development closely parallels that of Greek martys ( μάρτυς - `` witness '' , in the New Testament also `` martyr '' ) , the origin of the term martyr . Shahid occurs frequently in the Quran in the generic sense `` witness '' , but only once in the sense `` martyr ; one who dies deliberately for his faith '' ; this latter sense acquires wider use in the hadiths .

neg: Hamd A hamd , `` Praise '' in English , is a word that is usually written in Arabic , Persian , Punjabi , or Urdu and means a poetic piece in praise of God . The word `` Hamd '' comes from the Qur ` an . Hamds are recited all over the Muslim world , from Indonesia to Morocco . A Qawwali performance usually includes at least one Hamd , which is traditionally the first song in the performance .

neg: Hajj The Hajj ( -LSB- hædʒ -RSB- -LSB- `` pilgrimage '' ) is an annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca , the most holy city of the Muslims , and a mandatory religious duty for Muslims that must be carried out at least once in their lifetime by all adult Muslims who are physically and financially capable of undertaking the journey , and can support their family during their absence . It is one of the five pillars of Islam , alongside Shahadah , Salat , Zakat , and Sawm . The Hajj is the largest annual gathering of people in the world . The state of being physically and financially capable of performing the Hajj is called istita'ah , and a Muslim who fulfills this condition is called a mustati . The Hajj is a demonstration of the solidarity of the Muslim people , and their submission to God ( Allah ) . The word Hajj means `` to intend a journey '' , which connotes both the outward act of a journey and the inward act of intentions .   The pilgrimage occurs from the 8th to 12th ( or in some cases 13th ) of Dhu al-Hijjah , the last month of the Islamic calendar . Because the Islamic calendar is lunar and the Islamic year is about eleven days shorter than the Gregorian year , the Gregorian date of Hajj changes from year to year . Ihram is the name given to the special spiritual state in which pilgrims wear two white sheets of seamless cloth and abstain from certain actions .   The Hajj is associated with the life of Islamic prophet Muhammad from the 7th century , but the ritual of pilgrimage to Mecca is considered by Muslims to stretch back thousands of years to the time of Abraham . During Hajj , pilgrims join processions of hundreds of thousands of people , who simultaneously converge on Mecca for the week of the Hajj , and perform a series of rituals : each person walks counter-clockwise seven times around the Ka'aba ( the cube-shaped building and the direction of prayer for the Muslims ) , runs back and forth between the hills of Al-Safa and Al-Marwah , drinks from the Zamzam Well , goes to the plains of Mount Arafat to stand in vigil , spends a night in the plain of Muzdalifa , and performs symbolic stoning of the devil by throwing stones at three pillars . The pilgrims then shave their heads , perform a ritual of animal sacrifice , and celebrate the three-day global festival of Eid al-Adha .   Pilgrims can also go to Mecca to perform the rituals at other times of the year . This is sometimes called the `` lesser pilgrimage '' , or Umrah . However , even if they choose to perform the Umrah , they are still obligated to perform the Hajj at some other point in their lifetime if they have the means to do so , because Umrah is not a substitute for Hajj .

neg: Religious traditionalism in Iran Traditionalism is one of the three basic types of Islam in Iran : traditionalism ( traditional humanism ) , modernism , and a variety of forms of revivalism usually brought together as fundamentalism .   Until two hundred years ago , in spite of the many schools and interpretations , many Muslims in Iran lived within the tradition . It was a living tradition , emphasizing the harmony of law , art , and all forms of knowledge . Also a significant Iranian scholar followed the tradition of Persian sufism and pluralism . Currently in Iran there exist three main types of Islam : traditionalists ( represented by Hossein Nasr and Yousef Sanei ) , modernists ( represented by Abdolkarim Soroush ) and different groups under the conservative umbrella ( represented by Ruhollah Khomeini , Ali Khamenei , Mohammad-Taghi Bahjat , Naser Makarem Shirazi , Mohammad Taghi Mesbah Yazdi and Hossein Noori Hamedani ) . Iranian Islam differs from the mainstream Sunni Islam and may be better understood by studying the Shia history in Arabia and Iran .   Some groups of conservatives and Traditionals humanists have tendencies toward mystical spiritualism and some of them are less political ( or apolitcal ) .   In traditional schools , traditional astronomy and geometry are discussed as well as philosophy , Sufism and ethics .

neg: Stoning of the Devil The Stoning of the Devil ( -LSB- , `` stoning of the -LSB- place of pebbles -RSB- '' )  is part of the annual Islamic Hajj pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca in Saudi Arabia . During the ritual , Muslim pilgrims throw pebbles at three walls ( formerly pillars ) , called jamarāt , in the city of Mina just east of Mecca . It is one of a series of ritual acts that must be performed in the Hajj . It is a symbolic reenactment of Abraham 's hajj , where he stoned three pillars representing the temptation to disobey God and preserve Ishmael .   On Eid al-Adha ( the 10th day of the month of Dhu al-Hijjah ) , pilgrims must strike only one of the three jamraat ; specifically , the larger one ; with seven pebbles . After the stoning is completed on the day of Eid , every pilgrim must cut or shave their hair . On each of the following two days , they must hit each of the three walls with seven pebbles , going in order from east to west . Thus at least 49 pebbles are needed for the ritual , more if some throws miss . Some pilgrims stay at Mina for an additional day , in which case they must again stone each wall seven times . The pebbles used in the stoning are traditionally gathered at Muzdalifah , a plain southeast of Mina , on the night before the first throwing , but can also be collected at Mina .

neg: Battle of Nahrawan The Battle of Nahrawan ( -LSB- معركة النهروان , Ma ` rakat an-Nahrawān -RSB- ) was a battle between Ali ibn Abi Talib ( the first Shi'ah Imam and the fourth Sunni Caliph ) and the Kharijites commanded by ` Abdullah ibn Wahb al-Rasibi , near Nahrawan , twelve miles from Baghdad .   Having disposed of the Kharijites at Nahrawan , according to some Shia sources Ali resumed his march to Syria . However , the chiefs of his followers urged him to stop at Kufa to let the men rest before the long journey and to enable the army to repair their weapons and armor . Ali agreed to this request and camped at al-Nukhaylah outside Kufah . The soldiers were allowed to leave the camp for a day .   On the next day , hardly any men returned and at length , Ali entered Kufah and gave a stern sermon to the people . However , nobody came forward and no one wanted to fight and finally , Ali turned away from them in disappointment . The Syrian expedition was abandoned , never to be resumed .   Others argue that the Kharijites had been making every one fight and after they separated , Ali himself also did not want to fight the Syrians .   A few years later they re-emerged in Iraq and north of the Arabian Peninsula . They were defeated by the Umayyads .   Two years later , in 40 A.H Ali was assassinated by a Kharijite called Abd al-Rahman ibn Muljam , who attacked him with a poisoned sword while Ali was praying , in his sujood . In the mosque of Kufah , on the 19th of the month of Ramadan , finally succumbing to poison on the 21st of the month of Ramadan .   In Syria Muawiyah I had a more professional army and was not reliant of volunteers and therefore no sects developed .   When Ali was told that the Kharijites had been killed , he replied : `` By Allah ! No , not yet . They still exist in the loins of men and wombs of women . Whenever a chief would appear from among them , he would be cut down till the last of them would turn thieves and robbers . ''   The nine Kharijites that survived the battle against Ali managed to flee to Basrah , Sistan , Khurasan , Oman , Yemen , Tell Mozan , and elsewhere , where they had their offspring , spread their beliefs and recruited more followers . Today Ibadis of Oman ( and parts of Africa ) are known as their descendants and followers .

neg: Triodion For details regarding the content of the Triodion , see Great Lent . For the piece of music named after the book , see Triodion ( Pärt ) .  The Triodion ( Τριῴδιον , Triōdion Slavonic : Постнаѧ Трїωдь , Postnaya Triod ; Triodul , Albanian : Triod/Triodi ) , also called the Lenten Triodion ( Τριῴδιον κατανυκτικόν , Triodion katanyktikon ) , is the liturgical book used by the Eastern Orthodox Church.and those Eastern Catholic churches which follow the Byzantine Rite The book contains the propers for the fasting period preceding Easter and for the weeks leading up to the fast .   The canons for weekday Matins in the Triodion contain only three odes and so are known as `` triodes '' after which the Triodion takes its name . The period which the book covers extends from the Sunday of the Publican and Pharisee ( the tenth week before Pascha ( Easter ) : twenty-two days before the beginning of Great Lent ) , and concludes with the Midnight Office of Holy Saturday .   The Triodion contains the propers for :   the Pre-Lenten period , begins with a week in which there is no fasting , including on Wednesdays and Fridays , which are normally kept as fast days throughout the year ( with few exceptions ) .  The following week is called the Apókreō ( literally : the `` Leave-taking from Meat '' ) in Greek . It coincides with the Carnival celebrations which , although officially discouraged by the Church as pagan remnants , are very popular . The Apokreo marks the change of diet to the fasting practice of Lent : meat is no longer eaten after the `` First Apokreo Sunday '' ( i.e. the 8th Sunday before Easter ) , while for the following week , the Tyrinĕ , that culminates on Tyrinē Sunday ( literally : `` Cheese Sunday '' or `` Second Apokreo Sunday '' ) just before Clean Monday , milk and dairy products , but not meat or eggs , may be eaten .  the Forty Days of Great Lent itself , which begin on Clean Monday and for which a vegetarian type diet , with the addition that on many days the use of oil is excluded as well ( `` the Lenten Fast '' ) . On two specific feasts during Lent ( the Annunciation and Palm Sunday ) , fish is allowed . The fast is prescribed until Easter . This period coincides with the springtime birth of new lambs .  Lazarus Saturday and Palm Sunday  Great and Holy Week ( up to and including the Midnight Office of Great and Holy Saturday )   In the edition of the Lenten Triodion used by the Old Believers and those who follow the Ruthenian recension , the contents of the Triodion end with the service of Lazarus Saturday and do not contain the services of Holy Week , which are to be found in the Pentecostarion .

neg: Naskh (tafsir) Naskh is an Arabic word usually translated as `` abrogation '' ; It is a term used in Islamic legal exegesis for seemingly contradictory material within , or between , the two primary sources of Islamic law : the Quran and the Sunna . Several Qur ` anic verses state that some revelations have been abrogated and superseded by later revelations , which are understood by many Muslim scholars as pertaining to the verses of the Quran itself .   Neither the Quran nor the sayings of Muhammad state which verses stand abrogated . However , narrations from Muhammad 's companions inform about the abrogated verses or rulings of the religion ; and the principle of abrogation of an older verse by a new verse in the Quran , or within the Hadiths , was an established principle in Sharia at least by the 9th century . The possibility of abrogation between these two primary sources of Islam has been a more contentious issue . The allowability of abrogation between sources has been one of the major differences between the Shafi'i and Hanafi fiqhs , with the Shafi'i school of jurisprudence forbidding abrogation by the Sunna of the Qur ' ān , while the Hanafi school allowing abrogation by the Sunna of the Qur ' ān .   Seventy-one of the Quran 's one hundred and fourteen surah contain abrogated verses according to one estimate . Muslim exegetes and jurists have disagreed and disputed the number of verses of the Quran and sunnah in the Hadiths recognized as abrogated .

neg: Festival of Muslim Cultures The Festival of Muslim Cultures , a national celebration of Muslim cultures held in the United Kingdom , began in January 2006 and ended July 2007 . It imitated an earlier event in 1976 .   From official site ;  The festival was created out of the need to encourage a better understanding between Muslims and non-Muslims ( as a two-way process ) , to promote respect for Muslim cultures and to demonstrate how culture creates the pathways that connect us all together . Organizers say that festival events were chosen because they represent the best of the Muslim arts world and they `` portray diversity and plurality '' .

neg: Islamic art Islamic art encompasses the visual arts produced from the 7th century onward by people who lived within the territory that was inhabited by or ruled by culturally Islamic populations . It is thus a very difficult art to define because it covers many lands and various peoples over some 1,400 years ; it is not art specifically of a religion , or of a time , or of a place , or of a single medium like painting . The huge field of Islamic architecture is the subject of a separate article , leaving fields as varied as calligraphy , painting , glass , pottery , and textile arts such as carpets and embroidery .   Islamic art is not at all restricted to religious art , but includes all the art of the rich and varied cultures of Islamic societies as well . It frequently includes secular elements and elements that are frowned upon , if not forbidden , by some Islamic theologians . Apart from the ever-present calligraphic inscriptions , specifically religious art is actually less prominent in Islamic art than in Western medieval art , with the exception of Islamic architecture where mosques and their complexes of surrounding buildings are the most common remains . Figurative painting may cover religious scenes , but normally in essentially secular contexts such as the walls of palaces or illuminated books of poetry . The calligraphy and decoration of manuscript Qur ` ans is an important aspect , but other religious art such as glass mosque lamps and other mosque fittings such as tiles ( e.g. Girih tiles ) , woodwork and carpets usually have the same style and motifs as contemporary secular art , although with religious inscriptions even more prominent .   `` Islamic art developed from many sources : Roman , Early Christian art , and Byzantine styles were taken over in early Islamic art and architecture ; the influence of the Sassanian art of pre-Islamic Persia was of paramount significance ; Central Asian styles were brought in with various nomadic incursions ; and Chinese influences had a formative effect on Islamic painting , pottery , and textiles . '' Though the whole concept of `` Islamic art '' has been criticised by some modern art historians , calling it a `` figment of imagination '' or a `` mirage '' ,  the similarities between art produced at widely different times and places in the Islamic world , especially in the Islamic Golden Age , have been sufficient to keep the term in wide use by scholars .   There are repeating elements in Islamic art , such as the use of geometrical floral or vegetal designs in a repetition known as the arabesque . The arabesque in Islamic art is often used to symbolize the transcendent , indivisible and infinite nature of God . Mistakes in repetitions may be intentionally introduced as a show of humility by artists who believe only God can produce perfection , although this theory is disputed .   Typically , though not entirely , Islamic art has focused on the depiction of patterns , whether purely geometric or floral , and Arabic calligraphy , rather than on figures , because it is feared by many Muslims that the depiction of the human form is idolatry and thereby a sin against God , forbidden in the Qur ` an . Human portrayals can be found in all eras of Islamic art , above all in the more private form of miniatures , where their absence is rare . Human representation for the purpose of worship is considered idolatry and is duly forbidden in some interpretations of Islamic law , known as Sharia law . There are also many depictions of Muhammad , Islam 's chief prophet , in historical Islamic art . Small decorative figures of animals and humans , especially if they are hunting the animals , are found on secular pieces in many media from many periods , but portraits were slow to develop .

neg: Islamic ethics Islamic ethics , defined as `` good character , '' historically took shape gradually from the 7th century and was finally established by the 11th century . It was eventually shaped as a successful amalgamation of the Qur ` anic teachings , the teachings of the Sunnah of Muhammad , the precedents of Islamic jurists ( see Sharia and Fiqh ) , the pre-Islamic Arabian tradition , and non-Arabic elements ( including Persian and Greek ideas ) embedded in or integrated with a generally Islamic structure . Although Muhammad 's preaching produced a `` radical change in moral values based on the sanctions of the new religion and the present religion , and fear of God and of the Last Judgment '' , the tribal practice of Arabs did not completely die out . Later Muslim scholars expanded the religious ethic of the Qur ` an and Hadith in immense detail .

neg: Kiraman Katibin In Islamic tradition the two kiraman katibin ( كراماً كاتبين `` honourable scribes '' ) , are two angels called Raqib and Atid , believed by Muslims to record a person 's actions , thoughts and feelings . Whether a person is sent to jannat ( paradise ) or Jahannam ( hell/purgatory ) is not , however , dependent on whether good deeds outweigh bad deeds ; but is ultimately up to Allah 's mercy upon a believer . The Quran refers to them in two places , in 50:16 -18 and by name as ` Noble Recorders ' in 82:10 -12 .   The work of the Kiraman Katibin is to write down and record every action , thought , or feeling a person has each day . One angel figuratively sits on the right shoulder and records all good deeds , while another sits on the left shoulder and records all bad deeds .   The Book in which the angels are writing is the cumulative record of a given person 's deeds . After that person 's death , it is said that on the Day of Judgement each person will be confronted with this record , and the two angels will be present to tell God of what the person did .   It is recorded that Muhammad once said , `` The ( scribe ) on the left hand raises his pen ( i.e. , delays writing ) for six hours ( this may refer to six hours of 60 minutes as measured by astronomers , or it may refer to short periods of time during the day or night , according to Lisan al - ` Arab ) before he records the sinful deed of a Muslim . If -LSB- the Muslim -RSB- regrets it and seeks God 's forgiveness , the deed is not recorded , otherwise it is recorded as one deed . '' A further respite is granted after the deed has been recorded ; up until the moment before death approaches , one is able to repent and ask for forgiveness .   With regard to the two Angels , Kiraaman Khaatibeen , who accompany every Muslim , Imam Baihaqi ( radi Allahu anhu ) narrates the following Hadith ; Hazrat Abdullah ibn Abbas ( radi Allahu anhu ) in which Sayyiduna Rasoolullah ( sallal laahu alaihi wasallam ) has stated , `` After the death of the Muslim , they soar to the Heaven and seek permission to live there , but Almighty Allah turns down their request saying , ` My Heavens are full of Angels who are constantly engaged in glorifying Me . ' Then they will implore to live on the earth . To which Almighty Allah will reply , ` My creation has filled the earth , constantly glorifying Me . ' Thereafter , Almighty Allah commands them to stand at the graveside of the Muslim and the servant of Allah , to recite the Tasbeeh of Allah , and the Sawaab of which is then bestowed upon the deceased person . ''

neg: Year of Sorrow In the Islamic tradition , the Year of Sorrow ( -LSB- عام الحزن , ` Ām al-Ḥuzn -RSB- , also translated Year of Sadness ) is the Hijri year in which Muhammad 's wife Khadijah and his uncle and protector Abu Talib died . The year approximately coincided with 619 CE or the tenth year after Muhammad 's first revelation .   After the death of Abu Talib , Muhammad became vulnerable due to the loss of clan protection granted by Abu Talib ( who was also the chief of Banu Hashim ) . He began to be the target of physical attacks by his Meccan opponents . He visited Ta'if to look for help and invite the inhabitants to Islam , but was rejected . On the way back to Mecca , he petitioned several prominent Meccans to ask for protection . Chief Mut ` im ibn ` Adi , from the Banu Nawfal clan , acceded to his request , escorted Muhammad into the city and announced the clan 's protection of Muhammad .

neg: Quds Day Quds Day ( Jerusalem Day ; Quds is the Arabic name for Jerusalem ) , officially called International Quds Day , is an annual event held on the last Friday of Ramadan that was initiated by the Islamic Republic of Iran in 1979 to express support for the Palestinians and oppose Zionism and Israel 's existence , as well as Israel 's control of Jerusalem . Nominally , it exists in opposition to the Jerusalem Day ( Yom Yerushalayim ) celebration instituted by Israel in May 1968 , and which Knesset law changed into a national holiday in 1998 . In Iran , the government sponsors and organizes the day 's rallies , and its celebration in that country has had , down to at least 2012 , a decade-long tradition of voicing anti-Semitic attacks . Quds Day is also held in several other countries , mainly in the Arab and Muslim world , with protests against Israel 's occupation of East Jerusalem . Rallies are held in verious cities by both Muslim and non-Muslim communities around the world .