query: Maria I of Portugal did not live to see the deposition of the Portuguese monarchy.

pos: List of Portuguese monarchs The Monarchs of Portugal ruled from the establishment of the Kingdom of Portugal , in 1139 , to the deposition of the Portuguese monarchy and creation of the Portuguese Republic with the 5 October 1910 revolution .   Through the nearly 800 years which Portugal was a monarchy , the kings held various other titles and pretensions . Two Kings of Portugal , Ferdinand I and Afonso V , also claimed the crown of Castile . When the House of Habsburg came into power , the Kings of Spain , and Naples , also became Kings of Portugal . The House of Braganza brought numerous titles to the Portuguese Crown , including King of Brazil and then Emperor of Brazil .   After the demise of the Portuguese monarchy , in 1910 , Portugal almost restored its monarchy in a revolution known as the Monarchy of the North , though the attempted restoration only lasted a month before destruction . With Manuel II 's death , the Miguelist branch of the House of Braganza became the pretenders to the throne of Portugal . They have all been acclaimed King of Portugal by their monarchist groups .   The monarchs of Portugal all came from a single ancestor , Afonso I of Portugal , but direct lines have sometimes ended . This has led to a variety of royal houses coming to rule Portugal , though all having Portuguese royal lineage . These houses are :   The House of Burgundy ( 1139 -- 1383 )  The House of Aviz ( 1385 -- 1581 )  The House of Habsburg ( 1581 -- 1640 )  The House of Braganza ( 1640 -- 1910 )

pos: Maria I of Portugal Dona Maria I ( English : Mary I ; 17 December 1734 -- 20 March 1816 ) was Queen of Portugal , Brazil , and the Algarves . Known as Maria the Pious ( in Portugal ) , or Maria the Mad ( in Brazil ) , she was the first undisputed Queen regnant of Portugal . With Napoleon 's European conquests , her court , then under the direction of Prince Dom João , the Prince Regent , moved to Brazil , then a Portuguese colony . Later on , Brazil would be elevated from the rank of a colony to that of a kingdom , with the consequential formation of the United Kingdom of Portugal , Brazil and the Algarves .

pos: Kingdom of the Algarve The Kingdom of the Algarve ( Portuguese : Reino do Algarve , from the Arabic Gharb al-Andalus غرب الأندلس ) , later the Kingdom of the Algarves ( Portuguese : Reino dos Algarves ) , was a nominal kingdom within the Kingdom of Portugal .   It was the second dominion of the Portuguese Crown and supposedly a kingdom apart from Portugal , though in fact the Algarvian kingdom had no institutions , special privileges , or autonomy .  In actuality , it was just an honorific title for the Algarve based on its history and was very similar to the rest of the Portuguese provinces .   The title King of Silves was first used by Sancho I of Portugal after the first conquest of Silves in 1189 . As this conquest did not take all of the Algarve , Sancho never used the title King of Portugal and the Algarve , but instead it was adopted by his grandson Afonso III of Portugal as a part of the titles and honours of the Portuguese Crown .

neg: José António Marques José António Marques , founder of the Portuguese Red Cross , was born in Lisbon on 29 January 1822 , and died in the same city on 8 November 1884 . He was the son of António Emídio Marques and Catarina d ´ Assunção Marques .   At 20 , he finished his studies in medicine at the'Escola Médico-Cirúrgica de Lisboa ( Medicine and Surgery College of Lisbon ) . In 1842 , by a decree of August of the same year , he was nominated assistant-surgeon and assigned to the Batalhão de Caçadores nº 3 ' . He rose through several levels of the military , being , in 1851 , promoted to the position of Squad Surgeon .   He distinguished himself , not only in his military life , where he played important roles on the Repartição de Saúde do Estado Maior General on the War Ministry , but equally as a journalist , having been one of the collaborators of a highly scientific publication , O Jornal dos Facultativos Militares . Escholiaste Médico , and on his civilian medical career .   He was the author of countless scientific works . His memoir , Aperçu historique de l'ophtalmie militaire portugaise , presented , in 1857 , in the ophthalmology congress in Brussels , granted him the titles of Doctor of Medicine and Doctor of Surgery from the University of Brussels .   He represented Portugal in several congresses of ophthalmology .   In August 1864 , by nomination of king Luis I , he represented Portugal at the International Conference in Geneva , to discuss the neutralization , in times of war , `` of ambulances and hospitals , as well as healthcare personnel , rescuers and wounded people '' .   Portugal , through Marques , was one of the twelve countries that signed the First Geneva Convention on 22 August 1864 , destined to give a better chance to military staff wounded in battle .   Back in Portugal , Marques organized , on 11 February 1865 , the `` Comissão Portuguesa de Socorros a Feridos e Doentes Militares em Tempo de Guerra '' , the former designation of the Portuguese Red Cross .   For his services to the country and the Army , several decorations were awarded to this famous medician , founder and 1st Secretary-General of the Portuguese Red Cross , including the Comenda of the Order of Aviz , Knight of the Order of Christ and of the Order of the Immaculate Conception of Vila Viçosa , and Knight of the Orders of Leopold I of Belgium and of Charles III of Spain .

neg: Empress Elisabeth of Austria Duchess Elisabeth in Bavaria ( 24 December 1837 -- 10 September 1898 ) was the wife of Emperor Franz Joseph I , and thus Empress of Austria and Queen of Hungary , and many others ( see Grand title of the Empress of Austria ) .   Born into the royal Bavarian house of Wittelsbach , Elisabeth ( also called `` Sisi '' ) enjoyed an informal upbringing before marrying Emperor Franz Joseph I at the age of sixteen . The marriage thrust her into the much more formal Habsburg court life , for which she was ill-prepared and which she found uncongenial . Early in the marriage she was at odds with her mother-in-law , Archduchess Sophie , who took over the rearing of Elisabeth 's daughters , one of whom , Sophie , died in infancy . The birth of a male heir , Rudolf , improved her standing at court considerably , but her health suffered under the strain , and she would often visit Hungary for its more relaxed environment . She came to develop a deep kinship with Hungary , and helped to bring about the dual monarchy of Austria -- Hungary in 1867 .   The death of her only son Rudolf , and his mistress Mary Vetsera , in a murder -- suicide tragedy at his hunting lodge at Mayerling in 1889 was a blow from which Elisabeth never recovered . She withdrew from court duties and travelled widely , unaccompanied by her family . She was obsessively concerned with maintaining her youthful figure and beauty , which was already legendary during her life . While travelling in Geneva in 1898 , she was stabbed to death by an Italian anarchist named Luigi Lucheni . Elisabeth was the longest serving Empress of Austria , at 44 years .

neg: Ferdinand I of Portugal Dom Ferdinand I ( Portuguese : Fernando ; 31 October 1345 -- 22 October 1383 ) , sometimes called the Handsome ( o Formoso or o Belo ) or occasionally the Inconstant ( o Inconstante ) , was the King of Portugal and the Algarve from 1367 until his death in 1383 . His death led to the 1383 -- 85 crisis , also known as the Portuguese interregnum .

neg: Margaret of Austria, Queen of Spain Margaret of Austria ( 25 December 1584 -- 3 October 1611 ) was Queen consort of Spain and Portugal by her marriage to King Philip III and II .

neg: Miguel of Braganza Dom Michael of Braganza was a Portuguese infante , illegitimate son of King Pedro II of Portugal and of the French lady Anne Armande Pastre de Verger ( sometimes called du Vergé ) . He was born in Lisbon on 15 October 1699 and died drowned in the Tagus River on 13 January 1724 .

neg: Pragmatic Sanction of 1830 The Pragmatic Sanction of 1830 , issued on 29 March 1830 by King Ferdinand VII of Spain , ratified a Decree of 1789 by Charles IV of Spain , which had replaced the semi-Salic system established by Philip V of Spain with the mixed succession system that predated the Bourbon monarchy ( see also Carlism ) .   When Philip V , from the French Bourbon acceded to the Spanish throne in the Spanish War of Succession , he brought with him the Salic Law , which restricted succession to the throne to the direct male line . However , King Ferdinand VII of Spain had fathered only two daughters , Isabella and Luisa Ferdinand of Bourbon . Ferdinand 's father , Charles IV of Spain made a weak attempt to eliminate the Salic Law , and Ferdinand brought forth the Pragmatic Sanction of 1830 , so that his oldest daughter would inherit the throne and be declared queen upon his death , as was the Spanish custom .   This removed his brother , Infante Carlos , Count of Molina , as the next in the line of succession under Salic Law . Charles ' supporters , among whom was Francisco Calomarde , pressured Ferdinand VII to repeal the Pragmatic Sanction . However , a severe attack of gout incapacitated Ferdinand and when he died on 29 September 1833 , Isabella was proclaimed Queen . Since she was still a minor , the kingdom fell under the regency of her mother Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies .   Category :1830 in Spain  Category :19 th century in Spain  Category : Carlism  Category : Succession acts

neg: Carlota Joaquina of Spain Doña Carlota Joaquina of Spain ( Carlota Joaquina de Borbón y Borbón-Parma ; 25 April 1775 -- 7 January 1830 ) was a Queen consort of Portugal as wife of John VI , Infanta of Spain , Infanta consort of Portugal , Princess consort of Brazil , Princess regent consort of Portugal and Queen consort of the United Kingdom of Portugal , Brazil and Algarves . She was the eldest daughter and surviving child of King Charles IV of Spain and his wife Maria Luisa of Parma .

neg: Portrait of Isabella of Portugal (van Eyck) __ NOTOC __  Portrait of Isabella of Portugal was a betrothal painting by the Early Netherlandish artist Jan van Eyck , one of his earliest works and now lost , known only from copies . It dates to his 1428-29 visit to Portugal on behalf of Philip the Good , when he was sent as part of an embassy to evaluate the then 30-year-old Isabella 's suitability as a bride for Philip . Van Eyck was tasked with bringing back two ( mostly likely a pair were painted to increase the probability that one would make it back to the Netherlands ) faithful representations of her likeness for the duke to evaluate .   Because Portugal was ridden with plague , their court was itinerant and the Dutch party met them at the out of way castle of Aviz . Van Eyck spent nine months there , returning successfully to the Netherlands with Isabella as a bride to be ; the couple married on Christmas Day of 1429 .   The portrait was executed around the time the preliminary marriage agreement was drawn up , to be sent concurrently to Philip , with the document of agreement . In this it was intended as eyewitness testimony to the `` person of the princess '' , providing independent verification of her identity when she would later travelled to Philip in Burgundy .   Portrait of Isabella of Portugal is especially notable for the forward way in which she places her hand over the faux stone parapet . With this gesture Isabella extends her presence out of the pictorial space and into that of the viewer . This illusionistic motif was later developed in his London Léal Souvenir , where the subject 's arm rests on the painting 's lower left frame as if the subject had just suddenly and informally arrived to the sitting and casually positioned herself . This conceit was later and most famously emulated by Petrus Christus 's Portrait of a Carthusian '' 's which placed a fly perched on the faux center lower border of his canvas . Van Eyck had already gone further than this however , and has in this portrait created a number of illusionistic perspectives .   From surviving copies it can be deduced that apart from the actual oak frame there were two other ` painted on ' frames , one of which was lettered with gothic inscription to the top , while a faux stone parapet provided support for her hands to rest upon .   Van Eyck painted a second portrait during his visit to Portugal , his 1428 Portrait of a Man with a Blue Chaperon . Art historians tend to look to this work to deduce how the Isabella portrait may have looked . The Blue Hood '' painting is rendered in a miniaturist scale , presumably so as to make it easier to ship back to Bruges , so it is reasonable to assume the future Queen 's portrait was of much the same scale .   Although the original has been lost and is today known only from a few copies , van Eyck was a renowned and widely copied artist at the time and its probable influence can be seen in paintings of the queen by Rogier van der Weyden as well as in a depiction by an unknown northern artist of the mid-15th century , although both works show Isabella at a much older age . From a copy by an unknown follower , we can see that Isabella is shown directly gazing at the viewer , a highly daring and intimate pose for a betrothal portrait . Although her look is suitably coy , it is obviously intended to be alluring .

neg: Assembly of the Republic (Portugal) The Assembly of the Republic ( Portuguese : Assembleia da República , -LSB- ɐsẽˈblɐjɐ dɐ ʁɛˈpublikɐ -RSB- ) is the Portuguese parliament .   According to the Portuguese Constitution , the unicameral Assembly `` is the representative assembly of all Portuguese citizens . '' The constitution names the assembly as one of the country 's organs of supreme authority .   It is located in a historical building in Lisbon , referred to as Palácio de São Bento ( Palace of Saint Benedict ) , the site of an old Benedictine monastery . The Palácio de São Bento has been the seat of the Portuguese parliaments since 1834 ( Cortes until 1910 , Congress from 1911 to 1926 and National Assembly from 1933 to 1974 ) .

neg: Monarchy of the Netherlands The monarchy of the Netherlands is constitutional and as such , the role and position of the monarch are defined and limited by the constitution of the Netherlands . Consequently , a fairly large portion of the Dutch constitution is devoted to the monarch ; roughly a third of the constitution describes the succession , mechanisms of accession and abdication to the throne , the roles and responsibilities of the monarch and the formalities of communication between the States-General of the Netherlands and the role of the monarch in the creation of laws .   The Kingdom of the Netherlands has been an independent monarchy since 16 March 1815 , but its one-time sovereign provinces have intermittently been `` governed '' by members of the House of Orange-Nassau and the House of Nassau from 1559 to 1747 , since Philip II of Spain appointed William of Orange as stadtholder . William became the leader of the Dutch Revolt and the independent Dutch Republic . As stadtholder , he was followed by several of his descendants . In 1747 , the function of stadtholder became a hereditary position in all Provinces of the thus `` crowned '' Dutch Republic . The last stadtholder was William V. His son became the first king as William I.

neg: Maria Anna of Savoy, Duchess of Chablais Maria Anna of Savoy ( Maria Anna Carlota Gabriela ; 17 December 1757 -- 11 October 1824 ) was a Princess of Savoy by birth and Duchess of Chablais by her marriage to her uncle .   Born at the Royal Palace of Turin , she was the sixth child of Prince Victor Amadeus , Duke of Savoy and , since 1773 , King of Sardinia , by his wife , Maria Antonia Ferdinanda of Spain , as daughter of Philip V.   Maria Anna was the fourth but third surviving daughter of her parents . Her two older sisters were the future `` grand daughters in law '' of Louis XV of France , Princess Maria Giuseppina , who married the future Louis XVIII of France in 1771 and Princess Maria Teresa , who married the future Charles X of France in 1773 . Their younger surviving sister , Maria Carolina , married Anthony of Saxony .   Three of her brothers were the last three Kings of Sardinia from the senior line of the House of Savoy : the future Charles Emmanuel IV , Victor Emmanuel I and Charles Felix . After the death of the last one in 1831 without issue , the throne passed to Charles Albert , Prince of Carignano and next legitimate male heir .

neg: House of Sousa The House of Sousa ( Casa de Sousa ) is a noble family of Portugal , descendants of the marriage of Martim Afonso Chichorro and Inês Lourenço de Sousa .   The House of Souza is one of the eldest and nobler houses of Portugal . Its origin starts with the Visigoth Kings and the name was first used in the 11th century , by Lord Egas Gomes de Sousa , heir to the house and to several royal lineages . There are three main lineages of this noble house , but we shall only focus on the one represented to left ( Sousa of Arronches ) .   The field of the shield is divided in four quarters ( quarterly or party per cross ) with the Royal Arms of Portugal in the first and fourth quarters , and the Ancient Arms of Sousa , a quartet of silver crescents ( Argent ) over a field of red ( Gules ) , in the second and third quarters . This grouping known as the Sousa of Arronches ( because of the title of Lords of Arronches ) , is still borne by many of the noble houses of Portugal , like the Dukes of Palmela .   The Head of the House of Sousa today is the Duke of Lafões . Some say that there is n't a single noble man ( or woman ) in Portugal that does not have the blood of the Sousas.The first recorded spelling of the family name is shown to be that of Garcia Homem de Sousa , which was dated 1420 , christened at Funchal , Portugal , during the reign of King John I of Portugal . Surnames became necessary when governments introduced personal taxation . In England this was known as Poll Tax . Throughout the centuries , surnames in every country have continued to `` develop '' often leading to astonishing variants of the original spelling . The House of Sousa played a significant role in the creation of the Portuguese Empire . Martim Afonso de Sousa was the first Governor of Brazil , Pedro Lopes de Sousa was the 1st Governor of Portuguese Ceylon and Thome de Sousa Arronches was a Captain of the Portuguese Navy in the Portuguese India Armadas .   The family motto ( Better to break than to bend ) .   Lords of the House of Sousa   D. Egas Gomes de Sousa ( 1035 - ? )  D. Mem Viegas de Sousa ( 1070 - 1130 )  D. Gonçalo Mendes de Sousa , `` the good '' ( 1120 -- 1190 )  D. Mendo de Sousa , `` the sousão '' ( 1140 - ? )  D. Constança Mendes de Sousa ( 1245 - Santarém , 1298 )  D. Martim Afonso Chichorro ( 1250-1313 )  D. Martim Afonso Chichorro II or Martin Afonso de Sousa Chichorro ( 1280 - ? )  D. Maria Pais Ribeira , 15ª Lady of House of Sousa * c. 1285  D. Vasco Martins de Sousa Chichorro ( 1320 - 1387 )  D. Lopo Dias de Sousa , Lord of Mafra , Ericeira and Enxara dos Cavaleiros * 1350  D. Afonso Vasques de Sousa ( 1370 )  Diogo Lopes de Sousa , 18º Lord of House of Sousa * c. 1380  D.Afonso Vasques de Sousa II ( 1400 ) ,  Álvaro de Sousa , Lord of Miranda e mayor of Arronches * c. 1410  D. Luis de Sousa Chichorro ( 1440 )  Diogo Lopes de Sousa * c. 1440  André de Sousa * c. 1465  D. Henrique de Sousa ( 1480 )  Manuel de Sousa , mayor of Arronches * c. 1495  André de Sousa , 23º Lord of House of Sousa * c. 1515  D. António de Sousa Chichorro ( 1520 )  Manuel de Sousa  D. Matias de Sousa ( 1550 )  Diogo Lopes de Sousa , 2nd Count of Miranda * c. 1595  D. Pedro de Sousa Chichorro  Henrique de Sousa Tavares , first Marquis of Arronches * 1626  D. Maria de Sousa e Mesquita  D. António Sousa Chíchorro balio `` ad honorem '' .  Mariana Luísa Francisca de Sousa Tavares Mascarenhas e Silva , 2nd Marquess of Arronches * 1672  Luísa Casimira de Sousa Nassau and Ligne , duchess of Lafões * 1694

neg: Teatro Nacional de São Carlos The Teatro Nacional de São Carlos ( -LSB- tiˈatɾu nɐsiuˈnaɫ dɨ sɐ̃w̃ ˈkaɾluʃ -RSB- ) ( National Theatre of Saint Charles ) is an opera house in Lisbon , Portugal . It was opened on July 30 , 1793 by Queen Maria I as a replacement for the Tejo Opera House , which was destroyed in the 1755 Lisbon earthquake . The theatre is located in the historical center of Lisbon , in the Chiado district .   In 1792 , a group of Lisbon businessmen decided to finance the construction of a new Opera House in the city . The theatre was built in only six months following a design by Portuguese architect José da Costa e Silva , with neoclassical and rococo elements . The general project is clearly inspired by great Italian theatres like the San Carlo of Naples ( interior ) and La Scala in Milan ( interior and façade ) . In the early 19th century , when the Portuguese Royal Court had to flee to the Portuguese colony of Brazil to escape the invading Napoleonic troops , a theatre modelled on the São Carlos was built in Rio de Janeiro .   The main façade has a decorated clock , the Portuguese coats-of-arms and an arched entrance hall ( a portico ) . The theatre was named after the Princess Charlotte of Spain , who had come to Portugal in 1790 to marry the future King , Prince John : Carlos ( Portuguese form of Charles ) is the masculine form of Charlotte .  A Latin commemorative inscription dedicates the theatre to the princess .   The main room is elliptic , has five tiers of boxes and seats 1148 people . The luxurious royal box was lavishly decorated by the Italian Giovanni Appianni . The ceiling was painted by Manuel da Costa and the stage by Cirilo Wolkmar Machado .   The first opera presented here , in 1793 , was La Ballerina Amante , by Domenico Cimarosa . The most famous Portuguese composer of the time , Marcos Portugal , became musical director of the São Carlos in 1800 after returning from Italy , and many of his operas were staged here .   Between 1828 and 1834 , the São Carlos was closed during the Portuguese Civil War , fought between kings Miguel I and Pedro IV . In 1850 , the lighting of the interior was changed to gas illumination , the latest technology available . Shortly afterwards , the Portuguese state bought the theatre from private investors . After a few failed attempts , electrical illumination was installed in 1887 . From 1935 to 1940 , the theatre was closed for repairs .   In 1974 , a resident opera company was established . In 1993 , the Orquestra Sinfónica Portuguesa was created as the Teatro 's affiliate orchestra , with Álvaro Cassuto as the orchestra 's first principal conductor . Subsequent principal conductors of the Orquestra Sinfónica Portuguesa have included José Ramón Encinar ( 1999-2001 ) , Zoltán Peskó ( 2001-2004 ) and Julia Jones ( 2008-2011 ) . Since January 2014 , the orchestra 's principal conductor is Joana Carneiro .

neg: Afonso I of Portugal Afonso IOr also Affonso ( Archaic Portuguese-Galician ) or Alphonso ( Portuguese-Galician ) or Alphonsus ( Latin version ) , sometimes rendered in English as Alphonzo or Alphonse , depending on the Spanish or French influence . ( 1106 / 25 July 1109 / 11116 December 1185 ) , nicknamed `` the Conqueror '' ( O Conquistador ) , `` the Founder '' ( O Fundador ) or `` the Great '' ( O Grande ) by the Portuguese , and El-Bortukali -LSB- in Arabic البرتقالي -RSB- ( `` the Portuguese '' ) and Ibn-Arrink -LSB- in Arabic ابن الرَّنك or ابن الرَنْق -RSB- ( `` son of Henry '' , `` Henriques '' ) by the Moors whom he fought , was the first King of Portugal . He achieved the independence of the southern part of the Kingdom of Galicia , the County of Portugal , from Galicia 's overlord , the King of León , in 1139 , establishing a new kingdom and doubling its area with the Reconquista , an objective that he pursued until his death , in 1185 , after forty-six years of wars against the Moors .

neg: Monarchy A monarchy is a form of government in which a group , usually a family called the dynasty , embodies the country 's national identity and one of its members , called the monarch , exercises a role of sovereignty . The actual power of the monarch may vary from purely symbolic ( crowned republic ) , to partial and restricted ( constitutional monarchy ) , to completely autocratic ( absolute monarchy ) . Traditionally and in most cases , the monarch 's post is inherited and lasts until death or abdication , but there are also elective monarchies where the monarch is elected . Each of these has variations : in some elected monarchies only those of certain pedigrees are , whereas many hereditary monarchies impose requirements regarding the religion , age , gender , mental capacity , etc. . Occasionally this might create a situation of rival claimants whose legitimacy is subject to effective election . Finally , there have been cases where the term of a monarch 's reign is either fixed in years or continues until certain goals are achieved : an invasion being repulsed , for instance . Thus there are widely divergent structures and traditions defining monarchy .   Monarchy was the most common form of government until the 19th century , but it is no longer prevalent . Where it exists , it is now usually a constitutional monarchy , in which the monarch retains a unique legal and ceremonial role , but exercises limited or no official political power : under the written or unwritten constitution , others have governing authority . Currently , 47 sovereign nations in the world have monarchs acting as heads of state , 19 of which are Commonwealth realms that recognise Queen Elizabeth II as their head of state . All European monarchies are constitutional ones , with the exception of the Vatican City which is an elective monarchy , but sovereigns in the smaller states exercise greater political influence than in the larger . The monarchs of Cambodia , Japan , and Malaysia `` reign , but do not rule '' although there is considerable variation in the degree of authority they wield . Although they reign under constitutions , the monarchs of Brunei , Morocco , Oman , Qatar , Saudi Arabia and Swaziland appear to continue to exercise more political influence than any other single source of authority in their nations , either by constitutional mandate or by tradition .

neg: Constitutional Court (Portugal) The Constitutional Court ( Tribunal Constitucional , -LSB- tɾibuˈnaɫ kõʃtitusiuˈnaɫ -RSB- ) is a special court , defined by the Portuguese Constitution as part of the judicial branch of the Portuguese political organization . Unlike the rest of the country 's courts , the Constitutional Court has important characteristics , such as a special composition , and unique competences . The main task of the court is to review the constitutionality of the newly approved laws , but it also has important powers related to the President of the Republic , the political parties and referenda .   The Portuguese Constitution defines the Constitutional Court as a completely independent organ , that operates independently from the other branches of government , such as the Executive or the Legislative . The judges of the Constitutional Court are independent and can not be impeached . The decisions of the court are above the decisions of any other authority .   The court works in Lisbon , in the Ratton Palace located in Bairro Alto .

neg: Edward, King of Portugal Duarte ( -LSB- duˈaɾt -RSB- ; 31 October 1391 -- 9 September 1438 ) , known in English as Edward and called the Philosopher ( o Rei-Filósofo ) or the Eloquent ( o Eloquente ) , was King of Portugal and the Algarve and Lord of Ceuta from 1433 until his death . He was born in Viseu , the son of John I of Portugal and his wife , Queen Philippa of Portugal , a daughter of John of Gaunt . Edward was the oldest member of the `` Illustrious Generation '' of accomplished royal children who contributed to the development of Portuguese civilization during the 15th century . As a cousin of several English kings , he became a Knight of the Garter .

neg: Patuleia The Patuleia , Guerra da Patuleia , or Little Civil War was a civil war in Portugal , so called to distinguish it from the ` great ' civil war between Dom Pedro and Dom Miguel that ended in 1834 . The Patuleia occurred after the Revolution of Maria da Fonte , and was closely associated with her . It was caused by the nomination , as a result of the palace coup of 6 October 1846 , known as the `` Emboscada '' , to set up a clearly Cartista government presided over by marshal João Oliveira e Daun , Duque de Saldanha .   The war lasted 8 months , pitting the Cartistas ( with the support of queen Maria II ) against an unnatural coalition of Septembrists and Miguelists . The focus of resistance to the new government was the Septembrist ` Junta of Porto ' , whose military leader , the First Count of Bonfim , was defeated by Marshal Saldanha at the siege of Torres Vedras on 22 -- 23 December 1846 , and sent into exile in Angola . The war ended in a clear Cartista victory , as shown in the signing of the resulting Convention of Gramido on 30 June 1847 , but only just , after the intervention of foreign military forces of the Quadruple Alliance .   Category :1846 in Portugal  Category : Wars involving Portugal  Category : Civil wars involving the states and peoples of Europe  Category : Civil wars of the Industrial era  Category : Revolution-based civil wars  Category : Conflicts in 1846  Category :1847 in Portugal

neg: Maria Pia of Savoy Dona Maria Pia of Savoy ( 16 October 1847 -- 5 July 1911 ) was a Portuguese Queen consort , spouse of King Luís I of Portugal . On the day of her baptism , Pope Pius IX , her godfather , gave her a Golden Rose . Maria Pia was married to Luís on the 6 October 1862 in Lisbon . She was the grand mistress of the Order of Saint Isabel .

neg: Francisco da Veiga Beirão Francisco António da Veiga Beirão ( Lisbon , 24 July 1841 -- Paço de Arcos , 11 November 1916 ) , commonly known as Francisco da Veiga Beirão ( -LSB- fɾɐ̃ˈsiʃku dɐ ˈvɐjɡɐ bɐjˈɾɐ̃w̃ -RSB- ) , or Veiga Beirão , was a Portuguese politician of the late period of the Constitutional Monarchy . He served as President of the Ministry ( Prime Minister ) , being the second last before the October 5 republican coup d'état that established the Portuguese First Republic . He was a professor at the Industrial Institute and president of Lawyers Association of Lisbon . He was also a member of the Royal Academy of Sciences and of the Institut de Droit International and the Real Academía de Jurisprudencia y Legislación de Madrid . He had a law degree , from the University of Coimbra .   He started his political life in the Reformist Party and was a deputy in the Cortes from 1880 to 1904 . However he maintained a certain distance from party-politics . He also served as Minister of Justice ( February 29 , 1886 -- January 14 , 1890 ) and of Foreign Affairs ( 1898 ) . He was the author of the regulating code for the creation and functioning of commercial societies in Portugal ( 1888 ) .   In 1909 , on December 22 , he was named President of the Ministry ( Prime Minister ) by young king Manuel II of Portugal . However , his government did not last long as it was followed by a political scandal related to the Crédito Predial Bank that implicated several of his ministers . He resigned on June 26 , 1910 . He was followed by António Teixeira de Sousa , the last Prime Minister of the constitutional monarchy .   After the proclamation of the Portuguese Republic on October 5 , 1910 he abandoned political life and continued working as a lawyer and attorney .


query: Future and a Canadian singer have collaborated.

pos: Drake (musician) Aubrey Drake Graham ( born October 24 , 1986 ) better known by the stage name Drake , is a Canadian rapper , singer , songwriter , record producer , and actor . Drake initially gained recognition as an actor on the teen drama television series Degrassi : The Next Generation in the early 2000s . Intent on pursuing a career as a rapper , he departed the series in 2007 following the release of his debut mixtape , Room for Improvement . He released two further independent projects , Comeback Season and So Far Gone , before signing to Lil Wayne 's Young Money Entertainment in June 2009 .   Drake released his debut studio album Thank Me Later in 2010 , which debuted at number one on the U.S. Billboard 200 and was soon certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) . His next two releases were 2011 's Take Care and 2013 's Nothing Was the Same , with certifications of quadruple and triple platinum respectively in the U.S. , with the former also earning him his first Grammy Award for Best Rap Album . They were followed by two mixtapes , with the trap-influenced If You 're Reading This It 's Too Late , and a collaboration with Future for What a Time to Be Alive , in 2015 , which both also earned platinum certification in the U.S.   Drake released his fourth album , Views , in 2016 , breaking several chart records in the process . The dancehall-influenced album sat atop the Billboard 200 for ten nonconsecutive weeks , becoming the first album by a solo male to do so in over 10 years . Its single `` One Dance '' topped the chart in several countries , including the U.S. , the UK and Canada , where it became his first number-one single as the lead artist . This saw Drake leading the Billboard Hot 100 and the Billboard 200 simultaneously for eight weeks , coming close to a record held by Whitney Houston . It achieved quadruple platinum status in the U.S. , and earned over 1 million album-equivalent units in the first week of its release . The single `` Hotline Bling '' secured him his second and third Grammy win , for Best Rap/Sung Performance and Best Rap Song , at the organization 's 59th ceremony .   Drake released the multi-genre More Life in 2017 . Described by Drake as a playlist , it was his seventh consecutive number one on the Billboard 200 , and set multiple streaming records .   Drake owns several Billboard chart records . He has the most charted songs ( 154 ) among solo artists in the history of the Billboard Hot 100 , the most simultaneously charted Hot 100 songs in a single week ( 24 ) , and the most Hot 100 debuts in a week ( 21 ) . Drake also has the most number one singles on the Hot Rap Songs , Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Airplay and Rhythmic Charts . Alongside his Grammy Award wins , Drake has won three Juno Awards and six American Music Awards .   Drake has developed other ventures , including his OVO Sound record label with longtime collaborator Noah `` 40 '' Shebib . Drake acts as a producer , producing under the pseudonym of Champagne Papi . Using the `` OVO '' moniker , Drake has his own clothing line and his own program on Beats 1 Radio . He is also currently acting as the global ambassador for NBA franchise , the Toronto Raptors .

pos: Jumpman (song) `` Jumpman '' is a single by Canadian rapper Drake and American rapper Future from their collaborative mixtape What a Time to Be Alive ( 2015 ) . The track was sent to rhythmic radio on November 10 , 2015 .

pos: Future (rapper) Nayvadius DeMun Wilburn ( born November 20 , 1983 ) , known professionally as Future , is an American rapper , singer , songwriter , and record producer . Born and raised in Atlanta , Georgia , Wilburn first became involved in music as part of the Dungeon Family collective , where he was nicknamed `` the Future '' . After amassing a series of mixtapes between 2010 and 2011 , Future signed a major record label deal with Epic Records and A1 Recordings , which helped launch Future 's own label imprint , Freebandz . He subsequently released his debut album , Pluto , in April 2012 to positive reviews . Future 's second album , Honest , was released in April 2014 , surpassing his debut on the album charts .   Between late 2014 and early 2015 , he released a trio of mixtapes to critical praise : Monster ( 2014 ) , Beast Mode ( 2015 ) , and 56 Nights ( 2015 ) . His next releases , DS2 ( 2015 ) , What a Time to Be Alive ( 2015 , in collaboration with Drake ) , EVOL ( 2016 ) , FUTURE ( 2017 ) and HNDRXX ( 2017 ) all debuted at number one on the U.S. Billboard 200 . The latter two made him the first artist to debut two albums in consecutive weeks at the top of that chart . Future has also released several singles certified gold or higher by the RIAA , including `` Turn On the Lights '' , `` Move That Dope '' , `` Fuck Up Some Commas '' , `` Where Ya At '' , `` Jumpman '' , `` Low Life '' and `` Mask Off '' .

neg: Jason Gleed Jason Gleed is a Canadian musician , songwriter , and producer .   Originally from Toronto , Ontario , Canada , Gleed studied briefly at McMaster University , but dropped out and attended York Mills Collegiate Institute before later enrolling at the University of Toronto 's science program . He left the program in 1999 to work at the newly formed Grayson Matthews Audio .   He has written music and performed vocals for national ad campaigns for Alltel , McDonald 's , Coke , Pepsi , ATT , Allel , KFC , Lexus , Chevy , Ford , Toyota , Sears , Daisy Sour Cream , and Hellmann 's .   He has songs featured in many major motion pictures such as Jumper , Speed Racer , American Pie Beta House , What Happens In Vegas , Hotel For Dogs , Hamlet 2 , Beverly Hills Chihuahua , Alvin and The Chipmunks , Alvin and The Chipmunks : The Squeakquel , Hannah Montana , Sex Drive , Spring Breakdown , Cats and Dogs 2 , Star Struck , Big Mommas House 3 , Hop , Footloose , The Muppets , and The Adjustment Bureau .   Gleed spent several years touring with multi-Juno award-winning Canadian House DJ/producer Hatiras as vocalist/performer , Jaxon . Together Hatiras and Jaxon were known as the Electro House duo , Hatjak . They released one full-length album .   Jason is sponsored by Sony , and occasionally tours with Sony Creative Software .

neg: Raffi Raffi Cavoukian , ( Րաֆֆի , born 8 July 1948 ) , better known by the mononym Raffi , is a Canadian singer-songwriter and author born in Egypt and known best for his children 's music . He developed his career as a `` global troubadour '' to become a music producer , author , entrepreneur , and founder of the Centre for Child Honouring , a vision for global restoration .

neg: Future soul Future Throwback Soul is a term often used by UK singer-songwriter Daley in the 2010s to describe a style of music that emerged from soul and contemporary R&B . Although both soulful and conscious , future soul is distinguished from neo soul as it infuses more elements of pop , electronica , dubstep and hip hop instead of jazz and funk . Simply put , Future Soul is soulful songwriting infused with forward thinking electronic production .   Future soul has emerged into the mainstream with commercial and critical success from several future soul artists such as Alex Clare and his hit song `` Too Close '' , Daley , Kymistry , Omari Oneal and Janelle Monáe .   French DJ David Guetta has done future soul in his song `` Night of Your Life '' , which features American singer Jennifer Hudson . Grammy nominated Melbourne-based band Hiatus Kaiyote have described their music as future soul .   The genre since its inception has taken on a much more defined sound with artists like Josh Jacobson who emerged around the same time as Daley . Josh went on to produce tracks such as , `` Not Alone ( feat . Skela ) '' ( 2015 ) , and his cover of Little Dragon 's , `` Twice , '' ( 2016 ) , which both created waves in the online music community for a unique yet defined sound . Surrounding these releases , press including electronic tastemaker 's Nest HQ were dubbing Josh 's sound as `` Future Soul . ''

neg: Graph Nobel Graph Nobel is a Canadian indie/alternative/pop musician and songwriter . Her music is `` hip-hop inspired with punk rock abandon '' .   Born and raised in Toronto , Ontario to Trinidadian parents , Nobel began writing music early , at the age of 14 , then performing studio recordings at 17 . Nobel tributes several genres as an influence ; as is evident in her performances which encompass various genres normally regarded as incompatible .

neg: Thrust (rapper) Chris France ( born July 8 , 1976 ) , better known by his stage name Thrust , is a Canadian rapper from Toronto , Ontario . He is most known for his appearance on the Rascalz ' 1998 single `` Northern Touch '' which also features Kardinal Offishall , Choclair , and Checkmate . He was also featured on the pop band soulDecision 's biggest hit `` Faded '' .   Thrust now teaches `` Artist Series '' at the Harris Institute in Toronto .

neg: Someday World Someday World is a collaboration album by British musician Brian Eno and Karl Hyde , of British electronic group Underworld released on 5 May 2014 . The album features a number of supporting musicians , including Coldplay 's Will Champion , John Reynolds and Andy Mackay of Roxy Music , and was produced by Brian Eno with 20-year-old Fred Gibson .

neg: Future Folk Future Folk is a New York City-based folk music comedy duo . Founded as a live act in 2004 , the duo includes General Trius ( Nils d'Aulaire ) and The Mighty Kevin ( Jay Klaitz ) .

neg: Thefuture.fm The Future FM is an online mixed-audio distribution platform that allows DJs to upload , host and share their mixes , podcasts , etc. . It assures DJs that the underlying rights holders sampled within the mix will be paid royalties for their works . The Future FM is the distribution arm of Dubset Media Holdings ( DMH ) which is based out of New York City .

neg: Beautiful Future Beautiful Future is the ninth studio album by British rock band Primal Scream , released on on B-Unique Records/Atlantic Records . The album was promoted by the single `` Ca n't Go Back '' , which was released on , and it was produced by Björn Yttling ( of Peter Bjorn and John ) and Paul Epworth .   According to the press release , `` the album displays a heady mix of genre crunching taking in Philly soul , dark electro , accelerated rock 'n' roll riffs and pure British pop , all given that particular Scream edge . '' The album features special guest appearances from Lovefoxxx ( of Cansei de Ser Sexy ) , Josh Homme ( of Queens of the Stone Age ) and folk legend Linda Thompson .   With the extended edition of Beautiful Future , as well as the album featuring two extra songs ( `` Urban Guerrilla '' , `` Time of Assassins '' ) , the album also includes the video for the single , `` Ca n't Go Back '' .   It is the first album not to feature the guitarist Robert `` Throb '' Young , who left after the release of their previous album Riot City Blues in 2006 due to his retirement for personal reasons , and it is also the last album to feature the bassist Mani , who departed after Screamadelica Live in 2011 , and then re-formed The Stone Roses in the same year .

neg: Royal Wood Royal Wood is a Canadian singer-songwriter , record producer and arranger based in Toronto , Ontario . His second album A Good Enough Day received an international release . He has subsequently been nominated for a Juno Award twice and has toured both North America and Europe .

neg: Hybridity Music Hybridity Music , commonly referred to as Hybridity , is an independent Canadian record label .

neg: Steph Carse Stéphane Dostie ( born May 22 , 1966 ) , credited as Steph Carse and formerly credited as Stef Carse on his French albums , is a Canadian pop singer .

neg: Everyday (Ariana Grande song) `` Everyday '' is a song by American singer Ariana Grande from her third studio album , Dangerous Woman ( 2016 ) , featuring rapper Future . It was released by Republic Records as the album 's fourth single on January 10 , 2017 . The song was written by Savan Kotecha , Ilya , Grande and Future , and produced by Ilya . `` Everyday '' is a woozy electropop and trap song built around a grinding beat and a thrumming bassline . One of Grande 's more lyrically explicit songs , the lyrics speak of sexual satisfaction . The track received mixed reviews from music critics who appreciated its production , but were ambivalent towards Future 's feature .

neg: Hurt Me Tomorrow `` Hurt Me Tomorrow '' is a song by Somali-Canadian artist K'naan from his fourth studio album Country , God or the Girl . It was released as a digital download on 1 May 2012 . The song was written by Ryan Tedder , Evan Bogart , Noel Zancanella and K'naan himself . The song was featured in the 2014 film Neighbors .

neg: Juno Awards of 2006 The Juno Awards of 2006 were held in Halifax , Nova Scotia , Canada on the weekend of 31 March to 2 April 2006 . These ceremonies honour music industry achievements in Canada during the previous year .   The primary ceremonies were hosted by Pamela Anderson at the Halifax Metro Centre on 2 April and televised on CTV . Buck 65 was the ceremony 's introduction and preview announcer . Music artists Bedouin Soundclash , Broken Social Scene , Divine Brown , Hedley , Massari and Nickelback performed songs at these ceremonies . Also performing were the co-winners for the 2006 International Album of the Year , The Black Eyed Peas and Coldplay .   Bryan Adams was the 2006 inductee into the Canadian Music Hall of Fame . Chris Martin of Coldplay introduced Adams at the primary ceremony .   Michael Bublé won four awards , more than any other individual that year . Besides winning Artist of the Year , his album It 's Time won in both the Album of the Year and Pop Album of the Year categories . His song `` Home '' from that album was declared Single of the Year .   Awards for most categories were presented on 1 April in a non-televised ceremony at the Halifax World Trade and Convention Centre hosted by Jully Black , with performances by Kardinal Offishall , The Road Hammers and Martha Wainwright . This Saturday gala included the presentation of the Junos ' first Humanitarian award to Bruce Cockburn . The Walt Grealis Special Achievement Award was given to True North Records founder Bernie Finkelstein .

neg: Future World Music Future World Music is a custom music library owned by the composer and producer Armen Hambar and based in La Crescenta , CA . Future World Music provides cinematic music for motion picture advertising specializing in fantasy adventure and epic action genres . The company 's music has been featured in advertising campaigns for `` How To Train Your Dragon 1 & 2 '' , `` Brave '' , `` Frozen '' , `` Night at the Museum 2 & 3 '' and `` Into the Woods '' to name a few . Their clients include DreamWorks , Paramount Pictures , New Line Cinema , Warner Bros. , Walt Disney Pictures , Buena Vista Home Entertainment , MGM , Columbia TriStar , Universal Pictures , 20th Century Fox , UFC and others .

neg: Marie Davidson Marie Davidson is a Canadian singer , poet , and electronic music producer . Originating from Montreal , she is also one half of the minimal wave duo Essaie Pas , a duo she formed with her partner , Frenchman Pierre Guerineau . She sings in both English and French . Her third album , Adieux au Dancefloor was named by Pitchfork as one of `` The 20 Best Electronic Albums of 2016 '' . The album is themed around Davidson 's ambivalent feelings towards dance music and club culture . Describing her two earlier albums , Pitchfork wrote , `` Her two previous solo releases ( Perte D'Identité and Un Autre Voyage ) mingled gothic ambient music , poetic repetitions , and analog synthpop to great success . Her work has never felt campy , but is darkly rendered , probing , and redolent of Lizzy Mercier Descloux . ''   Davidson was also part of the duo Les Momies de Palerme , along with Xarah Dion . Their LP Brûlez ce coeur was released on Constellation Records in 2010 . She has collaborated with various other musicians including Matana Roberts ( on her project Coin Coin ) and David Kristian , and she was part of the orchestral project Land of Kush .

neg: Future Perfect (Loadstar album) Future Perfect is the debut studio album by British production duo Loadstar . The album was released on 26 May 2013 through RAM Records . Loadstar appeared on DJ Target and MistaJam 's BBC Radio 1Xtra shows to promote the album . They also hosted an Essential Mix on BBC Radio 1 . The album charted at number 168 on the UK Albums Chart and also on the dance and indie charts .

neg: Shaun Frank Shaun Frank is a Canadian DJ , singer-songwriter and producer .

neg: Now for Plan A Now For Plan A is the twelfth full-length studio album by Canadian rock band , The Tragically Hip . At a length of 39:18 , it is band 's shortest album to date . The album 's first single , `` At Transformation '' , was released on May 18 , 2012 . The album 's second single , `` Streets Ahead '' , was released to radio on August 24 . On September 25 , the band made the album available to stream online in its entirety via SoundCloud . The album was nominated for Rock Album of the Year at the 2013 Juno Awards .


query: Nick Jonas is a recording artist.

pos: Nick Jonas Nicholas Jerry Jonas ( born September 16 , 1992 ) is an American singer , songwriter , producer , and actor . Jonas began acting in theater at the age of seven , and released his debut single in 2002 . He released his eponymous debut album in 2004 to little success , though it did catch the attention of Columbia Records . Jonas opted to form a band with his older brothers , Joe and Kevin , known as the Jonas Brothers . The group released their debut studio album It 's About Time through Columbia Records . The record failed to achieve commercial success , thus the group parted ways with their label . Their self-titled second studio album was released through Hollywood Records in 2007 , and became their breakthrough record . The band became prominent figures on the Disney Channel during this time , gaining a large following through the network . The band starred in the widely successful film Camp Rock ( 2008 ) .   The release of the band 's third studio album , A Little Bit Longer ( 2008 ) , helped the band achieve further success ; the album 's lead single hit the top five on the Billboard Hot 100 chart . The release of their fourth studio album saw a decline in sales for the band , though was still fairly successful . Jonas and his brothers starred in the Disney Channel series JONAS in 2009 and 2010 , though poor ratings led to its cancellation in 2010 . It was later confirmed that the Jonas Brothers would be taking a hiatus , with Nick forming a new band known as Nick Jonas & the Administration . The band released one studio album in 2010 , though it failed to achieve much commercial success . Following the release , Jonas opted to focus on work in theater , and also had a recurring role on the television series Smash . The Jonas Brothers briefly reunited in 2013 , though officially parted ways due to creative differences .   Jonas decided to return to his solo music career following the band 's disbandment , and began work on his second studio album . He signed with Island Records , releasing Nick Jonas ( 2014 ) through the label . The album entered the top ten of the Billboard 200 , while both of the album 's singles entered the top twenty of the Billboard Hot 100 . The project was re-released as Nick Jonas X2 in 2015 . The release helped provide Jonas with a new public image , earning him the title of a `` sex symbol '' . Jonas later co-founded Safehouse Records , a record label in conjunction with Island Records and Hollywood Records . Jonas released his third studio album , Last Year Was Complicated ( 2016 ) , through the label . The project became his highest peaking entry as a solo artist on the Billboard 200 , while the lead single was a top twenty hit on the Billboard Hot 100 .

neg: List of Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles of 2007 The Billboard Hot 100 is a chart that ranks the best-performing singles of the United States . Published by Billboard magazine , the data are compiled by Nielsen SoundScan based collectively on each single 's weekly physical and digital sales , and airplay . In 2007 , 17 singles reached the top spot on the chart . An 18th single , Beyoncé Knowles ' `` Irreplaceable '' , began a run at the top in 2006 which continued into 2007 .   In 2007 , eight acts achieved their first US number-one single , either as a lead artist or featured guest : Maroon 5 , Avril Lavigne , Mims , Plain White T 's , Sean Kingston , Soulja Boy Tell 'Em , T-Pain , and Yung Joc . Producer Timbaland earned his first number-one single as lead artist with `` Give It to Me '' ; he had previously appeared as featured guest on singer Nelly Furtado 's number-one single `` Promiscuous '' . T-Pain , Justin Timberlake , Nelly Furtado and Fergie each earned two number-one singles , either as a lead artist or featured guest .   Three number-one singles tied for the longest run on the chart in 2007 : Knowles ' `` Irreplaceable '' , Rihanna 's `` Umbrella '' , and Soulja Boy Tell 'Em 's `` Crank That ( Soulja Boy ) '' all topped the chart for seven weeks ; the last of these was non-consecutive . However , `` Irreplaceable '' , which started its peak position in three issues the previous year , is credited to by Billboard magazine as 2006 's longest-running single . To this effect , `` Umbrella '' and `` Crank That ( Soulja Boy ) '' are the longest-running singles of 2007 . Other singles with extended chart runs include singer Alicia Keys ' `` No One '' which stayed at number one for five straight weeks .   `` Irreplaceable '' is the best-performing single of the calendar year , topping the Year-End Hot 100 singles of 2007 for seven consecutive weeks . Band Maroon 5 's `` Makes Me Wonder '' is noted for its jump from 64th to 1st place on the Billboard Hot 100 , making it the largest leap of 2007 . `` Umbrella '' , which occupied the top slot for seven of summer 's thirteen weeks , has been credited by the music press as 2007 's Song of the Summer .

neg: One Day (Charice song) `` One Day '' is a song by Filipina pop and R&B recording artist Charice . The song was co-written and co-produced by American recording artist Nick Jonas . The song was released for digital download on April 19 , 2011 .   The song was used as a part of Acuvue 's `` ACUVUE ® 1 • DAY Contest '' which was launched on their Facebook page .

neg: Grammy Award for Best New Artist The Grammy Award for Best New Artist has been awarded since 1959 . Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were handed out , for records released in the previous year . The award was not presented in 1967 . The official guidelines are as follows : `` For a new artist who releases , during the Eligibility Year , the first recording which establishes the public identity of that artist . '' Note that this is not necessarily the first album released by an artist .   It is sometimes asserted , with varying degrees of sincerity , that winning the award is a curse , as several award winners ( particularly from the late 1970s and early 1980s ) were never able to duplicate the success they experienced in their debut year . This viewpoint was expressed by former Starland Vocal Band member Taffy Danoff in a 2002 interview for VH1 's 100 Greatest One Hit Wonders : `` We got two of the five Grammys -- one was Best New Artist . So that was basically the kiss of death and I feel sorry for everyone who 's gotten it since . ''   The category is also notable for being the only one of its kind in which a Grammy Award was vacated . This occurred in 1990 after it was revealed winners Milli Vanilli did not contribute their own vocals on their debut album . The award was revoked , but was not handed out to another artist .   Of the 54 awards presented in the category since its inception , the honor has been presented to 25 solo female artists , 18 duos or groups , and 11 solo male artists . Between 1997 and 2003 , all the winners were solo female artists . Also , from 1993 to 2005 , no winner was a solo male artist . In 2006 , John Legend broke this trend , which started with Marc Cohn in 1992 . Only four artists have won both Best New Artist and Album of the Year in the same year : Bob Newhart in 1961 , Christopher Cross in 1981 , Lauryn Hill in 1999 and Norah Jones in 2003 .   Of all the winners , only three have been country artists . In 1997 , LeAnn Rimes became the first country artist to win the award . She was followed by Carrie Underwood in 2007 and Zac Brown Band in 2010 . Additionally , 2017 marked the first time that two country artists were nominated in this category in the same year .   1984 marked the first time that all of the nominees were from outside of the United States ( Winner Culture Club , Eurythmics , and Musical Youth were from England , Big Country was from Scotland , and Men Without Hats were from Canada ) .

neg: First Time (Jonas Brothers song) `` First Time '' is a song recorded by American band , Jonas Brothers . The song was released as the second single from their now-cancelled fifth studio album on June 25 , 2013 by Jonas Enterprises . This was the final single released by the group before their breakup .

neg: Jonas L.A. (soundtrack) Jonas L.A. is the third soundtrack by the American pop rock group Jonas Brothers and their only soundtrack for Jonas L.A. '' . It was released on July 20 , 2010 to positive reviews and debuted at # 7 on the Billboard 200 . It has sold 132,000 copies in the United States .

neg: Live (Jonas Brothers album) LiVe is the second live album by Jonas Brothers and their final release as a band . It was released on November 26 , 2013 in the US exclusively on their website . The album was stylized as LiVe , with a `` V '' as number five in the Roman numeral , a reference to the original project , the cancelled fifth studio album . It was recorded between July 23 and August 16 , 2013 at Mohegan Sun Arena and Gibson Amphitheatre during the final tour .

neg: Same Girl (Jennifer Lopez song) `` Same Girl '' is a song recorded by American entertainer Jennifer Lopez for her eighth studio album , A.K.A. ( 2014 ) . It features a guest rap from American rapper French Montana . The song was written by Lopez and Chris Brown in collaboration with the song 's producers Antwan `` Amadeus '' Thompson , Charles `` Chizzy '' Stephens , and Ryan `` Ryghtous '' Tedder , while Cory Rooney handled vocal production of the song . A solo version of `` Same Girl '' was released on February 4 , 2014 , as the second promotional single from A.K.A. . An accompanying music video for the solo version of the song was directed by Steve Gomillion and Dennis Leupold in the Castle Hill neighbourhood of The Bronx , Lopez 's hometown .

neg: Rock City (duo) Rock City is an American musical duo formed in 2003 , from Saint Thomas , U.S. Virgin Islands . The duo , composed of brothers Theron and Timothy Thomas , who use the stage names , A.I. and Uptown AP respectively , and they also are a songwriting and record production team . The duo have also released music under the namesakes R. City and Planet VI . Their debut album , What Dreams Are Made Of , was released in 2015 . They are known for single `` Locked Away '' featuring Adam Levine .   In 2007 , the duo signed with Geffen Records and American singer Akon 's KonLive Distribution . During their time there they released a series of mixtapes with the primary title , PTFAO ( Put the F*ckin' Album Out ) -- a reference to the fact that their then-debut album Wake the Neighbors , had not been given a release date . In 2011 , the duo were released from their contract with KonLive and subsequently founded Rebelution Records . In 2014 , they signed a record deal with RCA Records and Dr. Luke 's Kemosabe Records .   The Thomas brothers have written and produced for several prominent artists , including Jamaican singer Sean Kingston ( `` Take You There '' ) , American singer Miley Cyrus ( `` We Ca n't Stop '' ) , Trinidadian rapper Nicki Minaj ( `` Only '' ) and Barbadian popstar Rihanna ( `` Pour It Up '' ) . The duo has also contributed to numerous Grammy-nominated albums including Rihanna 's Unapologetic ( which won Best Urban Contemporary Album ) , Jennifer Hudson 's self-titled album ( which won Best R&B Album ) , and Ariana Grande 's My Everything ( which was nominated for Best Pop Vocal Album ) .

neg: Eric Nicks Eric Nicks is the founder of Alpine Music Group home to R&B sensation Justine Skye . Eric Nicks is a music industry veteran , having been named the Sr. . VP of A&R at Universal Motown . He also founded R&B Live NY , an industry showcase in New York City . Nicks sits on the board of advisors for the Brooklyn Academy of Music . He is often a guest speaker at a variety of colleges , including NYU , Morehouse , and many others . On top of founding Alpine Music Group , Eric also created a bowling app called Side Action Bowling .   Eric Nicks graduated from New York University and began co-managing the sister of his best friend , up and coming rapper , Foxy Brown - ( rapper ) . In ` 96 Nicks received a call from Lyor Cohen and Chris Lighty , offering him an A&R position at Violator ( company ) Records and Management where he would help shape the careers of LL Cool J , Busta Rhymes , and Noreaga among others . After spending 5 years at Violator , Lighty named him President of the records division until he stepped off to start a management company , EVision , with LL Cool J as one of his clients .  He was involved in the platinum releases of Foxy Brown 's Ill NaNa , LL Cool J 's The DEFinition , and Lyfe Jennings ' debut Lyfe 268-192 .  Eric Nicks received a tap from Kevin Liles , former president of Def Jam , for a position as Vice President of A&R at Def Jam . Under Nicks ' tenure at Def Jam , LL dropped his 10th studio album titled `` 10 '' which included LL Cool J 's 1st # 1 single `` Love You Better . '' and 11th studio album `` The Definition '' which included LL 's 2nd # 1 single `` Headsprung '' and 3rd # 1 single `` All I Need '' featuring Jennifer Lopez . In 2003 , Nicks left Def Jam to become Sr. . Vice President of A&R at Sony Records where he A&R 'd Lyfe Jennings Platinum debut album `` 268-192 '' . He went on to become Sr. . VP of A&R at Universal Motown Records in 2006 .   In 2007 , Eric Nicks created R&B Live New York . Since its inception , R&B Live has hosted artists such as Fantasia , Ne-Yo , Trey Songz , Brian McKnight and many more . The star-studded room has included Kevin Liles , Jay-Z , Denzel Washington , Terrence Howard and many other celebrities and industry executives .   2008 marked the conception of Brookland Entertainment , Eric Nicks ' own record label company formed in conjunction with the Trackmasters . Brookland Entertainment was home to the hit single `` Download '' by Lil ' Kim ft. T-Pain and Charlie Wilson and dancehall artist Beenie Man .   In 2010 Eric Nicks founded Alpine Music Group , which includes a self owned management company , a joint venture publishing company with Sony/ATV and a Record Label under Atlantic Records which houses upcoming sensation Justine Skye . In 2010 Eric also founded Alpine Music Publishing which houses records from Justine Bieber `` U Smile '' , One Direction `` Got ta Be you '' , Justine Skye `` Collide '' and many more .   A&R Discography

neg: Nick translation Nick translation ( or head translation ) , developed in 1977 by Rigby and Paul Berg , is a tagging technique in molecular biology in which DNA Polymerase I is used to replace some of the nucleotides of a DNA sequence with their labeled analogues , creating a tagged DNA sequence which can be used as a probe in fluorescent in situ hybridization or blotting techniques . It can also be used for radiolabeling .   This process is called nick translation because the DNA to be processed is treated with DNase to produce single-stranded `` nicks '' . This is followed by replacement in nicked sites by DNA polymerase I , which elongates the 3 ' hydroxyl terminus , removing nucleotides by 5 ' -3 ' exonuclease activity , replacing them with dNTPs . To radioactively label a DNA fragment for use as a probe in blotting procedures , one of the incorporated nucleotides provided in the reaction is radiolabeled in the alpha phosphate position . Similarly , a fluorophore can be attached instead for fluorescent labelling , or an antigen for immunodetection . When DNA polymerase I eventually detaches from the DNA , it leaves another nick in the phosphate backbone . The nick has `` translated '' some distance depending on the processivity of the polymerase . This nick could be sealed by DNA ligase , or its 3 ' hydroxyl group could serve as the template for further DNA polymerase I activity . Proprietary enzyme mixes are available commercially to perform all steps in the procedure in a single incubation .   Nick translation could cause double-stranded DNA breaks , if DNA polymerase I encounters another nick on the opposite strand , resulting in two shorter fragments . This does not influence the performance of the labelled probe in in-situ hybridization .

neg: Nicco Nick Constantine Maniatty better known by his mononym Nicco is an American singer , songwriter with pop , Europop , dance , reggae , house and electronic influences . He was signed to Sony in April 2011 and released his debut single `` Downpour '' in August 2011 . His continuous growing success in the Euro-dance scene led to  his international hit `` Party Shaker '' with R.I.O. that made it to the Top Ten in Austria , Germany and Switzerland and became a Top 40 hit in both France and Netherlands .

neg: Jonas Brothers discography The Jonas Brothers have released four studio albums , three extended plays , three live albums , four soundtrack albums , seventeen singles , seven promotional singles , nineteen music videos and other album appearances . The band released four albums : It 's About Time ( 2006 ) , Jonas Brothers ( 2007 ) , A Little Bit Longer ( 2008 ) , and Lines , Vines and Trying Times ( 2009 ) . In 2008 , the group was nominated for the Best New Artist award at the 51st Grammy Awards and won the award for Breakthrough Artist at the American Music Awards . As of May 2009 , before the release of Lines , Vines and Trying Times , they have sold over eight million albums worldwide . After a hiatus during 2010 and 2011 to pursue solo-projects , the group reconciled in 2012 to record a new album , which was cancelled following their break-up on October 29 , 2013 .   They have sold over 17 million albums worldwide .

neg: Get Back (Demi Lovato song) `` Get Back '' is a song performed by American singer Demi Lovato . It was written by Lovato , Joe Jonas , Nick Jonas and Kevin Jonas and produced by the Jonas Brothers alongside John Fields , for Lovato 's debut studio album , Do n't Forget . The song features Jack Lawless on drums and John Taylor and the Jonas Brothers on guitars . The initial writing of the song took place when Lovato wanted to write a song about getting back together with an old boyfriend , as opposed to writing mean or heartbroken songs . `` Get Back '' was released as the album 's lead single on August 12 , 2008 , by Hollywood Records . Musically , the song is an upbeat rock song with a guitar-driven sound .   The song was met with positive reviews from critics and performed average commercially , peaking at number forty-three on the Billboard Hot 100 and ninety-three on the Canadian Hot 100 . In Australia , the song peaked at number ten on the ARIA Hitseekers chart . Lovato has performed the song on several occasions , including Good Morning America and The Ellen DeGeneres Show .

neg: My Worlds Acoustic My Worlds Acoustic is the first remix album by Canadian recording artist Justin Bieber . It was released on November 26 , 2010 and was initially sold exclusively at Walmart retail stores and Sam 's Club . The album features nine acoustic versions of songs from his debut extended play , My World , and first album My World 2.0 , as well as a new song `` Pray . '' The new versions of the songs were produced by Bieber 's music director , Dan Kanter , his vocal producer Kuk Harrell , and also producer Rob Wells . Internationally , the set is included as a part of the compilation album , My Worlds : The Collection , which included songs from the previous two releases . My Worlds Acoustic was released to iTunes , on February 8 , 2011 .   According to Bieber , he wanted to release the album for the naysayers who critiqued his actual singing ability . The singer said that he wanted to have an acoustic album , to reflect the effect of production on his vocals . Although labeled as an acoustic album , the songs still include subtle usages of electronic sounds such as synthesizers . The album received generally favorable reviews from critics , however most critics were not satisfied that the album was not genuinely acoustic . In Canada , the song debuted at number five , and later peaked at number four on the Canadian Albums Chart and certified Platinum by the Canadian Recording Industry Association . My Worlds Acoustic debuted at number seven on the US Billboard 200 , selling 115,000 copies in its first week , becoming Bieber 's third consecutive top ten album .

neg: Lil Freak `` Lil Freak '' is a song by American recording artist Usher , taken from his sixth studio album , Raymond v. Raymond . Featuring guest vocals by Trinidadian recording artist Nicki Minaj , the song was written by her , Usher , Ester Dean , Blac Elvis and Polow da Don , the latter two producing the track . Its hook is based on a manipulated sample of American soul musician Stevie Wonder 's 1973 hit , `` Living for the City '' . `` Lil Freak '' was released as the second single from the album in the United States and Canada on March 2 , 2010 .   Carrying a dark tone , composed of heavy bass beats derived from R&B and hip hop music , the lyrics are about the thrill of orchestrating a ménage à trois in a club . The song received positive reviews from critics who complimented its sensual nature . It peaked at number 40 on the Billboard Hot 100 , and eight on the Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs , becoming Usher 's 16th top ten hit on the latter chart . The song 's accompanying music video has a secret society concept , dealing with an underground club , playing on the storyline of the song .

neg: Blowin' Up Blowin ' Up is a comedic reality show on MTV . The show stars Jamie Kennedy , an actor who follows his dream of becoming a successful rapper . The show was written by Kennedy after the success of the movie Malibu 's Most Wanted , which he starred in . Along for the ride is his close friend Stu Stone , who keeps Jamie in check to stick to their rap career .   Throughout the show there are various celebrity appearances . From the beginning , Jamie expresses his dislike for fellow actor Jason Biggs ( notable is the fact Biggs and Kennedy both appeared in Kevin Smith 's 2001 film Jay and Silent Bob Strike Back ) . Jamie and Stu also encounter many different rappers during the season , including Mike Jones , Ice-T , and a performance with the Three 6 Mafia . Jamie and Stu also try to recruit special guests on their album , getting Bob Saget formerly of the TV show Full House . The song was titled `` Rollin ' with Saget . ''   Robin Sloan Bechtel , an executive at Warner Bros. . Records discovered Jamie Kennedy and Stu Stone 's music on MySpace before the MTV show was greenlit . When she met with Kennedy and Stone , they all discussed pitching a show that would tell the story of their rap ventures . After MTV greenlit the show , Bechtel signed the duo and starred in their show . An album featuring the tracks recorded during the filming of Blowin ' Up , sharing a title of the same name , was released on July 11 , 2006 . Some of the songs include `` Circle Circle Dot Dot , '' `` Rollin ' With Saget , '' `` 1984 , '' and `` Crooked Stick . '' In the early popularity of YouTube , a fan created a lego inspired video for Circle Circle Dot Dot that hit the homepage of YouTube and Perezhilton.com which catapulted the video to # 1 status on YouTube . Circle Circle Dot Dot then became an internet phenomenon and was a # 1 ringtone .

neg: Bang! (band) Bang ! are a British happy hardcore group from the late 1990s originally consisting of producer Nick Arnold , Tom Orton and female vocalist Donna Grassie . Nick Arnold and Tom Orton had previously been a members of the band Smart E 's , who reached 2 in the UK in 1992 with their cover of the theme tune to Sesame Street entitled Sesame 's Treat . After the release of `` Cloudy Daze '' which featured Donna , Tom Orton brought Jo James to the attention of Nick after a contact of Tom 's , Jo 's husband , presented to him a demo of his wife singing .   After `` Cloudy Daze '' , Tom left Bang ! to work with other artists including Jack Speed and Kriminal , and Nick and Jo went on to have enormous success with `` Shooting Star '' , and then a whole catalogue of vocal hardcore anthems almost all of which written entirely by Nick . Their underground bouncy singles were regularly featured on the Bonkers compilation series .   `` Shooting Star '' was also featured on the first issue of the Dancemania Speed series and later included on the first greatest hits album of the series and the 2003 happyhardcore-focused compilation of the series . Also three remixes of their songs , `` Shooting Star ( Ham 's Mix ) '' , `` Break of Dawn ( Brisk Mix ) '' , `` Cloudy Daze ( Original Bang ! Mix ) '' , were included on the 2001 happy hardcore compilation album Happy Ravers .   Nick and Jo were so prolific with their output , that they released under a number of different acts including `` Stealth '' , `` Oblivvion '' and `` Blaze ! '' . Finally , in February 2005 , with a whole collection of new remixes , Bang ! released their debut album , not surprisingly entitled `` Shooting Star '' .   Their single Shooting Star was covered by trance act Flip & Fill in 2002 , who took it to number 3 in the UK charts .   Jo James eventually quit the band but worked with the aforementioned Flip & Fill on their 2003 single I Wan na Dance With Somebody ; a cover version of the old Whitney Houston track . and Field of Dreams .   Bang ! continues to release under the Warped Science label owned by DJ Al Storm and Euphony .

neg: Trouble in Shangri-La Trouble in Shangri-La is the sixth studio album by American singer-songwriter and Fleetwood Mac vocalist Stevie Nicks . Released in 2001 , it was her first new solo album since 1994 's Street Angel . The album returned Nicks to the top 5 for the first time since 1983 's The Wild Heart , and achieved Gold status within six weeks of its release for shipping 500,000 copies in the U.S. . As of February 2011 , the album has sold over 663,000 copies in the US .  Nicks ' renewed success also spawned a very successful tour entitled ` The Trouble in Shangri-La Tour ' . The tour was the 27th highest grossing tour of 2001 and grossed $ 14.1 million from 38 shows .   The album debuted at # 5 on the Billboard Top 200 Albums chart with sales of 109,000 copies in its first week . The album remained in the top 10 in its second week holding the # 9 spot and sold 76,000 copies . The album spent a total of 20 weeks on the `` Billboard '' Top 200 Albums chart . Three singles were released : `` Every Day '' , `` Planets of The Universe '' , and `` Sorcerer '' .

neg: Anastacia discography The discography of Anastacia , an American singer-songwriter , consists of six studio albums , twenty two singles , twenty three music videos , and two DVDs .   She released her debut album , Not That Kind on June 13 , 2000 . The album reached the top ten in eight countries in Europe and Asia . It went four times platinum in Europe and triple platinum in Australia ; her debut single `` I 'm Outta Love '' was a global smash hit in 1999 topping the charts in Belgium , Australia and New Zealand , peaking at number two in France , Switzerland , Italy and Ireland as well as also reaching number six both in Germany . The second single `` Not That Kind '' reached number 11 in the UK and became a Top 10 hit in Italy . It also entered the Top 20 in Switzerland and France . `` Cowboys & Kisses '' was released as the third single off the album , charting in the top forty in some European countries . As the last promotional only single , `` Made for Lovin ' You '' charted in the UK at number twenty-seven and in France at number seventy-two .   Her second album Freak of Nature released in 2001 , achieved successful sales in the U.K. where it went triple platinum as well as being a hit throughout continental Europe , however unlike her debut it did not match the same level of international success . The first single released was `` Paid My Dues '' . The song became an overall hit , in 2001 , peaking in Denmark , Italy , Norway , and Switzerland , and reaching the top ten in several other mainland European countries . The second single , released in 2002 , `` One Day in Your Life '' , reached number eleven in the UK and the top ten in many European countries . The next single `` Why 'd You Lie to Me '' reached the top thirty in the UK . `` You 'll Never Be Alone '' , the fourth single , reached number twenty-eight on the Adult Contemporary chart in the U.S.   Anastacia quickly became her most successful album to date , giving her a third consecutive triple platinum album in the U.K. and reaching the top of national charts of Ireland , the Netherlands , Australia , Greece , Germany and other countries . Unlike her first two albums , which were released in her homeland of America , Anastacia was not , despite being scheduled for release on three occasions . The first single , released in March , was `` Left Outside Alone '' , which saw a change in direction for Anastacia . It was one of the biggest songs in Europe of 2004 , reaching number one Austria , Italy , Spain , Switzerland and number two in Denmark , Germany , Ireland , the Netherlands , Norway and number three in the United Kingdom and Hungary . Overall the song remained at No. 1 on the European Billboards for 15 weeks . The song also peaked in the Australian charts where it went on to become the countries ' second biggest selling single of 2004 . Anastacia released three further internationally successful singles ; `` Sick and Tired '' ( which gave her another number one in Spain and another UK top five single ) , `` Welcome to My Truth '' ( her best-selling hit in Spain ) , and the ballad `` Heavy on My Heart '' proceeds from the sale of which went towards her Anastacia Fund ( a charitable organization providing research funding for breast cancer ) .   On July 24 , Anastacia announced that her fourth studio album Heavy Rotation would be released October 27 , 2008 in Europe and Asia ( and elsewhere in 2009 ) . Her fourth studio album proved to be less successful than her previous ones ; her singles failed to reach the top 40 in her most commercially successful country ( UK ) . The album 's first single , called `` I Can Feel You '' , began playing in some radio markets on August 25 , 2008 . The second single from Heavy Rotation was `` Absolutely Positively '' , later served as a promotional single only . The third official single from the album had been confirmed as `` Defeated '' and was released as a promotional single only in Europe without a music video .   It 's a Man 's World , a collection of her covers by rock male artists was released on November 9 , 2012 . Anastacia confirmed via her Twitter account that she was currently writing songs for producers , John Fields and Steve Diamond and also , recording her sixth studio album which will return to her own chosen `` sprock '' sound . The album , entitled Resurrection , is to be released in May 2014 with the lead single `` Stupid Little Things '' was released on April 4 and was met with overwhelmingly positive reaction from music critics with MTV 's Brad Stern including it in the 5 Must-Hear Pop Songs of the Week ! stating that it was ` return to form ' from the ` pop princess and proof that Anastacia 's a true survivor ' , after her second battle with breast cancer .

neg: Mexican pop music Mexican pop is a music genre produced in Mexico , particularly intended for teenagers and young adults .   Mexico is the country that exports the most entertainment in Spanish language . Mexican pop was limited to Latin America until the mid-1990s , when an interest towards this type of music increased after Luis Miguel 's , Lynda Thomas ' , Selena 's , Thalía 's ,  Gloria Trevi 's and Paulina Rubio 's debuts before the mainstream USA audience .   During the 1960s and 1970s most of the pop music produced in Mexico consisted on Spanish-language versions of English-language rock-and-roll hits . Singers and musical groups like Angélica María , Johnny Laboriel , Alberto Vázquez , Enrique Guzmán or Los Teen Tops performed cover versions of songs by Elvis Presley , Paul Anka , Nancy Sinatra and others .