query: Naruto is incapable of being a ninja.

pos: Naruto is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Masashi Kishimoto . It tells the story of Naruto Uzumaki , an adolescent ninja who searches for recognition and dreams of becoming the Hokage , the leader of his village . The story divided into two parts , the first set in Naruto 's preteen years , and the second in his teens . The series is based on two one-shot manga by Kishimoto . The first one , titled Karakuri , released in 1995 by Shueisha , earned Kishimoto an honorable mention in Shueisha 's monthly Hop Step Award in 1996 . The second one , titled Naruto , published in the summer 1997 issue of Akamaru Jump .   Naruto was serialized in Shueisha 's Weekly Shōnen Jump magazine from September 21 , 1999 , to November 10 , 2014 . Seventy-two tankōbon volumes were released . It currently is the third best-selling manga series in history , selling more than 220 million copies worldwide . The manga later adapted into an anime television produced by Studio Pierrot and Aniplex . It premiered across Japan on the terrestrial TV Tokyo and other TX Network stations on October 3 , 2002 , and ended on February 8 , 2007 , with 220 episodes . The English adaptation of the series premiered on Cartoon Network 's programming block named Toonami on September 10 , 2005 , and concluded on January 31 , 2009 . Naruto : Shippuden , a sequel to the original series , aired from February 15 , 2007 , to March 23 , 2017 , with 500 episodes . The English adaptation was broadcast on Disney XD from October 28 , 2009 , to November 5 , 2011 , and on Adult Swim 's Toonami block in January 2014 . Besides the anime series , Studio Pierrot has developed eleven movies and several original video animations ( OVAs ) . Other types of merchandise include light novels , video games , and trading cards developed by several companies .   Viz Media has licensed the manga and anime for North American production . Viz serialized Naruto in their digital Weekly Shonen Jump magazine , publishing the individual volumes . The anime series began airing in the United States and Canada in 2005 , and in the United Kingdom and Australia in 2006 and 2007 , respectively . The films and most OVAs from the series were also released by Viz , with the first film premiering in movie theaters . Viz Media began streaming the two anime series on their streaming service Neon Alley in December 2012 . The story of Naruto continues with Naruto 's son , Boruto Uzumaki , in Boruto : Naruto Next Generations . Boruto wishes to create his own ninja way instead of following his father 's .

neg: Onnagata Onnagata or oyama ( Japanese : 女形 ・ 女方 , `` woman-role '' ) , are male actors who played women 's roles in Japanese Kabuki theatre . The modern all-male kabuki was originally known as yarō kabuki ( `` man kabuki '' ) to distinguish it from earlier forms . In the early 17th century , shortly after the emergence of the genre , many kabuki theaters had an all-female cast ( onna kabuki ) , with women playing men 's roles as necessary . Wakashū kabuki ( `` adolescent-boy kabuki '' ) , with a cast composed entirely of attractive young men playing both male and female roles , and frequently dealing in erotic themes , originated circa 1612 .   Both onnagata and wakashū ( or wakashū-gata ) , actors specializing in adolescent male roles ( and usually adolescents themselves ) , were the subject of much appreciation by both male and female patrons , and were often prostitutes . All-male casts became the norm after 1629 , when women were banned from appearing in kabuki due to the prevalent prostitution of actresses and violent quarrels among patrons for the actresses ' favors . This ban failed to stop the problems , however , since the young male ( wakashū ) actors were also fervently pursued by patrons .   In 1642 , onnagata roles were forbidden , resulting in plays that featured only male characters . These plays continued to have erotic content and generally featured many wakashū roles , often dealing in themes of nanshoku ( male homosexuality ) ; officials responded by banning wakashū roles as well . The ban on onnagata was lifted in 1644 , and on wakashū in 1652 , on the condition that all actors , regardless of role , adopted the adult male hairstyle with shaved pate . Onnagata and wakashū actors soon began wearing a small purple headscarf ( murasaki bōshi or katsura ) to cover the shaved portion , which became iconic signifiers of their roles and eventually became invested with erotic significance as a result . After authorities rescinded a ban on wig-wearing by onnagata and wakashū actors , the murasaki bōshi was replaced by a wig and now survives in a few older plays and as a ceremonial accessory .   After film was introduced in Japan at the end of the 19th century , the oyama continued to portray females in movies until the early 1920s . At that time , however , using real female actresses was coming into fashion with the introduction of realist shingeki films . The oyama staged a protest at Nikkatsu in 1922 in backlash against the lack of work because of this . Kabuki , however , remains all-male even today .   Oyama continue to appear in Kabuki today , though the term onnagata has come to be used much more commonly .   Every Kabuki actor is expected to have facility with onnagata techniques ; and while is it tempting for Western opinion to equate onnagata with mere cross-dressing , or female impersonation , no kabuki actor 's training is complete without mastery of what constitutes the techniques the Kabuki onnagata . The phenomenon is best identified with the kangi , 女形 , for there is no English equivalent .

neg: The Book of Five Rings is a text on kenjutsu and the martial arts in general , written by the swordsman Miyamoto Musashi circa 1645 . There have been various translations made over the years , and it enjoys an audience considerably broader than only that of martial artists : for instance , some business leaders find its discussion of conflict and taking the advantage to be relevant to their work . The modern-day Hyōhō Niten Ichi-ryū employs it as a manual of technique and philosophy .   Musashi establishes a `` no-nonsense '' theme throughout the text . For instance , he repeatedly remarks that technical flourishes are excessive , and contrasts worrying about such things with the principle that all technique is simply a method of cutting down one 's opponent . He also continually makes the point that the understandings expressed in the book are important for combat on any scale , whether a one-on-one duel or a massive battle . Descriptions of principles are often followed by admonitions to `` investigate this thoroughly '' through practice rather than trying to learn them by merely reading .   Musashi describes and advocates a two-sword fencing style ( nitōjutsu ) : that is , wielding both katana and wakizashi , contrary to the more traditional method of wielding the katana two-handed . However , he only explicitly describes wielding two swords in a section on fighting against many adversaries . The stories of his many duels rarely refer to Musashi himself wielding two swords , although , since they are mostly oral traditions , their details may be inaccurate . Some suggest that Musashi 's meaning was not so much wielding two swords `` simultaneously '' , but rather acquiring the proficiency to ( singly ) wield either sword in either hand as the need arose . However , Musashi states within the volume that one should train with a long sword in each hand , thereby training the body and improving one 's ability to use two blades simultaneously .

neg: Megadeus is the name given to the giant robots and monsters of The Big O anime series . Forty years prior to the events of the series , the world was turned into a vast desert wasteland and the survivors were left without memories . The megadeuses are portrayed as remnants of the previous civilization , a lost technology few citizens of Paradigm know how to control . The word is a blend of the Greek mega - , meaning `` Great '' , and the Latin deus , meaning `` god '' . The pilot of a `` Big '' megadeus is a , taken from Latin .   The robots were designed by series creator Keiichi Sato , who also designed the Mazinger mechas featured on the Mazinkaiser OVA and the mutant creatures of The SoulTaker TV series .   The designs are strange and `` more macho than practical . '' Unlike the giants of other robot anime , the megadeuses do not exhibit ninja-like speed nor grace or possess voice-activated special attacks ; but for what they lack in agility , they more than make-up in firepower and protection . The robots come armed with weaponry like missiles , piston powered punches , machine guns , and laser cannons .   The nature of the megadeuses is tied to the event forty years prior . In the final episode of the first season , Roger Smith has a flashback in the form of a nightmare : an army of `` Big '' megadeuses burn down the city as a group of bald children look on . In the second season premiere , he experiences a lucid dream of a town without domes , where its citizens have not forgotten who they are and megadeuses are nowhere to be found . In the final episode , he gets another burst of memories : the city stands in ruins and multiple `` Big '' megadeuses fight amongst themselves while a winged giant oversees the onslaught .   In the tradition of Japanese monster movies , The Big O features monsters modeled after conventional or mythological creatures . The series follows the `` villain of the week '' formula , meaning the protagonist is hired to do a job and by episode 's end he must battle a monster using a giant robot of his own . Given the series ' style , for some critics the robot battles seem out of place , while others praise the `` over-the-top-ness '' of their execution .   The term `` megadeus '' is officially used to refer to all giant robots and monsters seen in the series , though the term is often used to refer solely to the four `` Big '' robots . The `` Bigs '' are unique among the other megadeuses in that they are implied to be at least semi-sentient and have the ability to judge a person 's worthiness to be a pilot through the phrase `` Cast in the Name of God , '' then a declaration of either `` Ye Not Guilty '' or `` Ye Guilty . ''

neg: Mirai Ninja (video game) , fully named as , is a beat 'em up arcade game , released by Namco in 1988 exclusively in Japan . Mirai Ninja was based on the Japanese live-action film of the same name , which was also produced by Namco . The game runs on Namco System 2 hardware , and was the first game from the company to be based on a film .   Character designs and directing of the film were done by Keita Amemiya of Zeiram and Kamen Rider fame . Both the game and the movie were released in the same year . Although the arcade game was only released in Japan , the movie was released straight-to-video overseas by Orion Pictures , under the two titles of Cyber Ninja in the United States , and Warlord in Canada .   In both the film and the arcade game a man 's body and soul are stolen and used as part of a demon 's castle . What 's left becomes a cyber-ninja named Shiranui . The player controls Mirai Ninja , who must fight various enemies and bosses by rapidly throwing shurikens at them ( and slashing them with his sword at close range ) . His life meter uses Kanji for the numbers ; this was previously done in Namco 's earlier Japan-only title , Genpei Tōma Den ( 1986 ) , for the score display . The penultimate stage , `` Castle Kurosagi '' , also only has one way out of it .   Four 7 '' -8 '' tall action figures were released by Amemiya 's own Crowd , Inc. , in 2000 . Two were Shōki figures ( one was bone-colored and the other one was a red repaint ) . The other two were Shiranui figures ( one was black , and the other one was a black and silver repaint ) .

neg: Kōdan is a style of traditional oral Japanese storytelling . The form evolved out of lectures on historical or literary topics given to high-ranking nobles of the Heian period , changing over the centuries to be adopted by the general samurai class and eventually by commoners , and eventually , by the end of the Edo period , declining in favor of new types of entertainment and storytelling such as naniwa-bushi . It was at this time that the term kōshaku was abandoned and kōdan adopted . Today , after a failed attempt to revive the art in 1974 , there are four schools of kōdan and only a very few performers between them .   Kōdan is usually performed sitting behind a desk or lectern , and using wooden clappers or a fan to mark the rhythm of the recitation . This derives from the origin of the art form in cultural , literary or historical lectures given in the Heian period courts .   During the Muromachi period ( 1333 -- 1568 ) , the form was adopted or revived by the general samurai class for educational purposes . Dramatic readings from historical war chronicles ( gunki monogatari ) such as Taiheiki and Heike Monogatari were organized . By the beginning of the Edo period in 1600 , the form had developed even further and spread to become even more commonplace . Masterless samurai ( ronin ) would often support themselves by performing dramatic readings of Taiheiki or other chronicles and tales . It was at this time that the form expanded to include not just the classic standard chronicles but general historical events as well , which were not codified into a set written form . Where readers of the Heian period read directly from classical texts , kōshakushi of the Edo period prided themselves on their knowledge of history and told stories both contemporary and historical . They memorized not the precise words and phrases of a story , but the details of the events themselves , which could then be formed into a story , somewhat different each time it is told . Soon the stories began to center not around samurai and nobles , but around townsfolk , thieves , and vigilantes ; the storytellers adapted to their own tastes , their own knowledge , and that of their audience , which was increasingly townsfolk and not nobility .   In 1700 , a man by the name of Nawa Seizaemon opened the Taiheiki-ba in the Akasaka section of Edo ( now Tokyo ) , becoming the first professional kōshakushi . Kōdan remained strong for many years , and gained a new popularity after the Meiji Restoration ( 1868 ) , which , being a quite major event , supplied the performers with much new material . At one point , there were fifty performance halls in Tokyo devoted primarily or exclusively to kōdan . By the beginning of World War II , there were still six or seven .   Though the arrival of movies , records , and other forms of entertainment eclipsed kōdan in the early 20th century , the art form contributed heavily to various forms of Japanese theater and to the development in Japan of the modern popular fiction novel .

neg: Fukurokuju In Japan , Fukurokuju ( from Japanese fuku , `` happiness '' ; roku , `` wealth '' ; and ju , `` longevity '' ) is one of the Seven Lucky Gods in Japanese mythology . It has been theorized that he is a Japanese assimilation of the Chinese Three Star Gods ( Fulushou ) embodied in one deity . Most related in appearance to the Chinese star god Shou , he is the God of wisdom and longevity . According to some , before attaining divinity , he was a Chinese hermit of the Song Dynasty and a reincarnation of the Taoist god Xuanwu . It is said that during his human incarnation , he was a sennin ; a philosopher who could exist without eating food .   Fukurokuju probably originated from an old Chinese tale about a mythical Chinese Taoist hermit sage renowned for performing miracles in the Northern Song period ( 960 -- 1127 ) . In China , this hermit ( also known as Jurōjin ) was thought to embody the celestial powers of the south polar star . Fukurokuju was not always included in the earliest representations of the Seven in Japan . He was instead replaced by Kichijōten ( goddess of fortune , beauty , and merit ) . He is now , however , an established member of the Seven Lucky Gods .   He is sometimes confused with Jurōjin , another of the Several Gods of Fortune , who by some accounts is Fukurokuju 's grandson and by other accounts inhabits the same body as Fukurokuju .  As such , the two are often confused .   Usually portrayed as bald with long whiskers , he is said to be an incarnation of the Southern Polestar . In many depictions , Fukurokuju has an abnormally high forehead . The sacred book tied to his staff either contains the lifespan of every person on earth or a magical scripture . He is accompanied by a crane and a turtle , which are considered to be symbols of longevity . He is also sometimes accompanied by a black deer ( ancient legends say a deer turns black if it is over 2000 years old ) .   He is the only member of the Seven Lucky Gods credited with the ability to revive the dead .

neg: Mōtsū-ji refers to the Buddhist temple of the Tendai sect in Hiraizumi and to the historic area surrounding it containing the ruins of two older temples , Enryū-ji and Kashō-ji in a Jōdo ( Pure Land ) garden . The current temple was built in the 18th century and bears no relation to the ancient temples that once stood here . In June 2011 , Mōtsū-ji was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site as `` Historic Monuments and Sites of Hiraizumi '' .   Previous to the 12th century this area was apparently known as Mōtsū , or Kegosu being an alternate reading of the Chinese characters 毛越 . These characters mean ` hair ' and ` boundary ' and refer to the boundary between Japan and the ` hairy people ' or Emishi beyond . In other words , this was at one time the northern boundary of Japan .   In the mid 12th century Fujiwara no Motohira , the second Northern Fujiwara lord , built a temple here called Enryū-ji . There is also a possibility that Motohira 's father Fujiwara no Kiyohira built an earlier Enryū-ji on this site before he died in 1128 . If so , it is supposed that this original temple was consumed by fire soon after its completion in the war of succession between Motohira and his brother Koretsune . The temple built by Motohira around 1150 would then have been a copy of his father 's temple .   Motohira 's Enryū-ji must have been spectacular by any standards . The main hall contained a monumental statue of Yakushi , the Buddha of Healing , with monumental statues of the Twelve Divine Generals ( Jūni Shinshō ) . They had been sculpted by Unkei with crystal eyes ; an innovation at that time . The hall itself was brightly painted and decorated with precious wood , gold , silver and jewels . The main temple was surrounded by other buildings including a lecture hall , a circumambulation hall , a two story main gate , a bell tower and a sutra repository . The temple 's name placard was written by Fujiwara no Tadamichi and the ornamental poem slips by Fujiwara no Norinaga .   Once Enryū-ji was completed Motohira ordered an exact copy to be built beside it , Kashō-ji . He did not live to see it completed . His son and heir , Hidehira , accomplished that task . Kashō-ji also contained a monumental statue of Yakushi but the walls were decorated with paintings illustrating the Lotus Sutra .   At the height of its glory Mōtsū-ji is said to have had 40 pagodas and 500 monasteries . But all was burned in November 1226 and never rebuilt .   Today the pond is preserved much as it was 800 years ago , but none of the original buildings exist today nor have been rebuilt . The new Motsu-ji temple sits in front of the 12th century site straddling what used to be Kuramachi Street . Now there are beautiful plantings of cherry trees , irises , lotus , bush clover and maples . Various festivals are held throughout the year . Admission is 500 yen for adults . Directly to the east across the Frontier Way Motohira 's wife built Kanjizaiō-in .   Annual events include -  January 20 = The Jogyodo 20th Night Festival and ` Ennen no Mai Dance  May 1 -- 5 = Spring Fujiwara Festival and Ennen no Mai Dance  June 20 - July 10 = Ayame Matsuri or Iris Festival  August 16 = Daimonji Matsuri or Bon Fire Festival  September 15 -- 30 = Hagi Matsuri or Japanese Bush Clover Festival  November 1 -- 3 = Autumn Fujiwara Festival and Ennen no Mai Dance

neg: Shobo A shobo is a weapon , similar to the Emeici of China , which was used by the ninja of Japan for striking pressure points on an opponent . It was a piece of wood that was gripped by the wielder and was hung by a ring worn on the middle finger . Some versions were rings with a wooden peg attached on top . The ends were exposed and were usually sharp , which made them effective for paralyzing and even killing enemies quickly and without leaving a trace . They were easily hidden in the fists and were very lightweight and portable . They were usually worn in pairs . Many ninjas constructed their own shobo , although some were given from master to student .   Due to the secretive nature of the ninja , there is no way of knowing exactly when and where the shobo was invented ( meaning no more precise than feudal Japan ) and exactly how popular it was among the ninja . It is believed this was an improvised weapon , with common origins cited as bridle bits for horses and livestock , harness rings for reins , and metal hinges for gates and doors . How the weapon was formalized is still up for debate .

neg: Izuna Izuna can refer to :   The Japanese name for the least weasel and its subspecies .  Mount Izuna in Japan .  The Izuna Shugen cult which originated on this mountain , which worships a god in the form of a tengu named Izuna-gongen .  A fox-sorcery practice which is part of this cult , which utilizes creatures such as the kuda-gitsune .  Izuna : Legend of the Unemployed Ninja , a Nintendo DS game .  Izuna 2 : The Unemployed Ninja Returns , sequel to the above game  Izuna , a character from the Guilty Gear series of video games .  Izuna Uchiha , the deceased younger brother of Madara Uchiha from Naruto .  Izuna ( rapper ) , American rapper

neg: Taika Reform The were a set of doctrines established by Emperor Kōtoku ( 孝徳天皇 Kōtoku-tennō ) in the year 645 . They were written shortly after the death of Prince Shōtoku , and the defeat of the Soga clan ( 蘇我氏 Soga no uji ) , uniting Japan . The reforms also artistically marked the end of the Asuka period and the beginning of the Hakuhō period . Crown Prince Naka no Ōe ( who would later reign as Emperor Tenji ) , Nakatomi no Kamatari , and Emperor Kōtoku jointly embarked on the details of the Reforms . Emperor Kōtoku then took the name `` Taika '' , or `` Great Reform '' .   The Reform began with land reform , based on Confucian ideas and philosophies from China , but the true aim of the reforms was to bring about greater centralization and to enhance the power of the imperial court , which was also based on the governmental structure of China . Envoys and students were dispatched to China to learn seemingly everything from the Chinese writing system , literature , religion , and architecture , to even dietary habits at this time . Even today , the impact of the reforms can still be seen in Japanese cultural life .

neg: Government of Japan The government of Japan is a constitutional monarchy in which the power of the Emperor is limited and is relegated primarily to ceremonial duties . As in many other states , the Government is divided into three branches : the Executive branch , the Legislative branch and the Judicial branch .   The Government runs under the framework established by the Constitution of Japan , adopted in 1947 . It is a unitary state , containing forty-seven administrative divisions , with the Emperor as its head of state . His role is ceremonial and he has no powers related to Government . Instead , it is the Cabinet , composing of the Ministers of State and the Prime Minister , that directs and controls the Government . The Cabinet is the source of power of the Executive branch , and is formed by the Prime Minister , who is the head of government . He or she is designated by the National Diet and appointed to office by the Emperor .   The National Diet is the legislature , the organ of the Legislative branch . It is bicameral , consisting of two houses with the House of Councillors being the upper house , and the House of Representatives being the lower house . Its members are directly elected from the people , who are the source of sovereignty . The Supreme Court and other inferior courts make up the Judicial branch , and they are independent from the executive and the legislative branches .

neg: Historiography of Japan The historiography of Japan is the study of methods and hypotheses formulated in the study and literature of the History of Japan .   The earliest work of Japanese history is attributed to Prince Shōtoku , who is said to have written the Tennōki and the Kokki in 620CE . The earliest extant work is the Kojiki of 712 . The Nihon Shoki followed by 720 . These two works formed the base of a history of the nation based in great part on Japanese mythology , in particular that of the Shinto religion . The works were inspired by Chinese historiography and were compiled with the support of the Japanese state . Five more works between 797 and 901 completed what had begun with the Nihon Shoki ; the six are known as the Rikkokushi ( `` six national histories '' ) .   An abandonment of Chinese inspiration and state support marks the historiographical writings of the period from the 9th to 16th centuries . A great number of historical tales called rekishi monogatari and war tales called gunki monogatari appeared , and works such as the shikyō `` four mirrors '' of the 12th to 14th centuries and The Tale of the Heike of 1371 enjoyed widespread popularity . Other art forms such as Noh theatre and emaki scrolls added to these written works .   Neo-Confucian schools became preeminent at the beginning of the Edo period ( 1603 -- 1868 ) . They brought a methodology very critical of works such as the Kojiki , but did not contradict the Mandate of Heaven . The most prominent representatives of this are the Hayashi clan and the Mitogaku school . The nativist kokugaku school , inspired by Shinto , returned in the 18th century , driven by the work of Motoori Norinaga . It opposed the Neo-Confucians by seeking to demonstrate the veracity of Shinto mythology , especially of the Age of the Gods and the early emperors , whose existence is doubted .   Japanese historiography opened to Western influences at the end of the 18th century . Rangaku ( `` Dutch learning '' ) , translations of European works in the mid-19th century , and then the introduction of German historiography of Ludwig Riess in 1887 brought new analytical tools to the various Japanese schools of history . During the period of the Empire of Japan ( 1868 -- 1947 ) , historians questioned , at the peril of their academic freedom , one of the ideological foundations of the new regime : the place of national myths in the national history .   Marxist ideas were introduced in the 1920s and renewed in the post-World War II period with the work of . Themes and research diversified from the 1970s , soon accompanied by a resurgeance of conservative and nationalist approaches .

neg: Contemporary dance in Japan Contemporary Japanese dance draws on various traditional styles and Western classical and avant-garde forms , interpreted with the standards of Japanese schools . Many famous dance studios grew from training centers for Kabuki actor-dancers or derived from famous Kabuki families . Women dancers drawing their art from butoh were trained by the Hanayagi school , whose top dancers performed internationally . Ichinohe Sachiko choreographed and performed traditional dances in Heian court costumes , characterized by the slow , formal , and elegant motions of this classical age of Japanese culture .   Western schools covered classical ballet , jazz-dance , and modern dance and influenced the butoh avant-garde dance movement . Ballet was said to have replaced traditional Japanese arts , such as flower arrangement and the tea ceremony , in the hearts of young girls . Prima ballerina Morishita Yoko sat on the jury for the Prix de Lausanne Ballet Competition in 1989 , held for the first time in Tokyo , marking the arrival of Japanese classical ballet in the international community . Horiuchi Gen , a 1980 Prix de Lausanne winner , became a major soloist with the New York City Ballet , and Japanese performers noted for their superb technique were members of many major international companies . Modern dance was performed early after World War II and was later taught by such famous dancers as Eguchi Takaya . The Tokyo Modern Dance School and the Ozawa Hisako Modern Dance Company also promoted avant-garde modern dance . A wide experimental range within modern dance occurred from which choreographer Teshigawara Saburo skillfully drew to create multifaceted works for his KARAS Company .   The vital avant-garde butoh dance was a major development after the war : at least five major schools performed in the 1985 Butoh Festival , and there were numerous creative offshoots . Hijikata Tatsumi was a charismatic dancer who experimented with different kinds of creative dance to capture expressive motions he considered expressly suited to the Japanese physiognomy and psyche . He combined eroticism , social criticism , and avant-garde theater ideas , and he considered the body to be a repository for `` stored memories '' , which could be metamorphosed into dance forms . His theories and choreography were carried on by a number of famous dancers , who eventually formed their own major companies , which were strong in the 1980s and toured abroad .

neg: Puppet A puppet is an object , often resembling a human , animal or mythical figure , that is animated or manipulated by a person called a puppeteer . The puppeteer uses movements of their hands , arms , or control devices such as rods or strings to move the body , head , limbs , and in some cases the mouth and eyes of the puppet . The puppeteer often speaks in the voice of the character of the puppet , and then synchronizes the movements of the puppet 's mouth with this spoken part . The actions , gestures and spoken parts acted out by the puppeteer with the puppet are typically used in storytelling . Puppetry is a very ancient form of theatre which dates back to the 5th century BC in Ancient Greece . There are many different varieties of puppets , and they are made from a wide range of materials , depending on their form and intended use . They range from very simple in construction and operation to very complex .   Two simple types of puppets are the finger puppet , which is a tiny puppet that fits onto a single finger , and the sock puppet , which is formed and operated by inserting one 's hand inside a sock , with the opening and closing of the hand simulating the movement of the puppet 's `` mouth . '' The sock puppet is a type of hand puppet , which is controlled using one hand that occupies the interior of the puppet and moves the puppet around . A `` live-hand puppet '' is similar to a hand puppet but is larger and requires two puppeteers for each puppet . A Marionette is a much more complicated type of puppet that is suspended and controlled by a number of strings connected to the head , back and limbs , plus sometimes a central rod attached to a control bar held from above by the puppeteer .   A rod puppet is constructed around a central rod secured to the head . A shadow puppet is a cut-out figure held between a source of light and a translucent screen . Bunraku puppets are a type of Japanese wood-carved puppet . A ventriloquist 's dummy is a human-shaped puppet operated by a ventriloquist performer 's hand ; the performer produces the puppets voice with little or no movement of her mouth , which creates the illusion that the puppet is alive . Carnival puppets are large puppets , typically bigger than a human , designed to be part of a large spectacle or parade .

neg: Edo machi-bugyō were magistrates or municipal administrators with responsibility for governing and maintaining order in the shogunal city of Edo . Machi-bugyō were samurai officials of the Tokugawa shogunate in Edo period Japan . Appointments to this prominent office were usually hatamoto , this was amongst the senior administrative posts open to those who were not daimyo . Conventional interpretations have construed these Japanese titles as `` commissioner '' or `` overseer '' or `` governor . ''   During the Edo period , there were generally two hatamoto serving simultaneously as Edo machi-bugyō . There were two Edo machi-bugyō-sho within the jurisdictional limits of metropolitan Edo ; and during the years from 1702 though 1719 , there was also a third appointed machi-bugyō .   The Edo machi-bugyō were the central public authorities in this significant urban center . These men were bakufu-appointed officials fulfilling a unique role . They were an amalgam of chief of police , judge , and mayor . The machi-bugyō were expected to manage a full range of administrative and judicial responsibilities .   Each machi-bugyō was involved in tax collection , policing , and firefighting ; and at the same time , each played a number of judicial roles -- hearing and deciding both ordinary civil cases and criminal cases .   In this period , the machi-bugyō were considered equal in status to the minor daimyo . At any one time , there were as many as 16 machi-bugyō located throughout Japan , and there were always two in Edo .

neg: Architectural forgery in Japan In Japan , structural engineers designing structures exceeding a certain floor area or number of storeys must submit drawings and calculations to the authorities , demonstrating that the building is safe ( e.g. earthquake-resistant , etc. ) `` Structural Calculation Forgery Problem '' ( 構造計算書偽造問題 , kōzō keisansho gizō mondai ) refers to a series of incidents , set off by the Ministry of Land , Infrastructure and Transport 's November 17 , 2005 , announcement that structural engineer Hidetsugu Aneha of Aneha Architectural Design Office in Chiba Prefecture had falsified earthquake design calculations . A number of Japanese construction and real estate companies have had to declare bankruptcy due to their involvement in the affair , including Kimura Construction and Huser . Note that Aneha is frequently referred to as an architect , as Japan has a unique licensing system where structural engineers designing buildings are registered as first-class architects .   It is suggested that one of the causes for the problem was that the ( privately owned ) oversight agencies responsible for confirming compliance to Japanese safety standards did not detect the forgery . Prior to 1999 , oversight was managed solely by regional governments , however , a change made to Japanese law that year allowed private organizations to conduct investigations as well . It was said that these private organizations , such as `` EHomes '' and `` Nihon ERI '' did not adequately function in their oversight roles , however , it was later revealed that government oversight agencies had also failed to detect some instances of forgery .   Of 14 hotels that had already been built under false pretenses when the problem first came to light , two of them were shown to fail Japan 's earthquake resistance standards . Because the concrete had insufficient reinforcing steel , there was a fear that an earthquake of magnitude 5 on the Japanese Shindo scale could cause the buildings to collapse . None of the buildings in question have yet collapsed , but the safety of high-rise buildings in earthquake-prone Japan has been called into question , particularly in the light of the 1995 Sampoong Department Store collapse in Korea .   Residents of the areas around the affected buildings live in a constant state of unease , not knowing if or when the buildings will collapse . Some hotels , unable to guarantee the safety of their customers , have ceased operations .   As the architect concerned in the matter has participated in the construction of a large number of buildings , the full extent of the problem is still unknown . In Japan , the incident was first publicized by bloggers .   Hidetsugu Aneha , Moriyoshi Kimura , Akira Shinozuka and Togo Fujita etc. were arrested on April 26 , 2006 , and Huser 's president Susumu Ojima was arrested on May 17 of the same year .

neg: Kotoamatsukami In Shinto , is the collective name for the first gods which came into existence at the time of the creation of the universe . They were born in Takamagahara , the world of Heaven at the time of the creation . Unlike the later gods , these deities were born without any procreation . The three deities that first appeared were :  Amenominakanushi - Central Master  Takamimusubi - High Creator  Kamimusubi - Divine Creator  A bit later , two more deities came into existence :  Umashiashikabihikoji - Energy  Amenotokotachi - Heaven  The next generation of gods that followed was the Kamiyonanayo , which included Izanagi-no-Mikoto and Izanami-no-Mikoto , the patriarch and matriarch of all other Japanese gods , respectively . Afterward , the Kotoamatsukami `` hiddes away '' as hitorigami .   Though the Zōkasanshin ( three deity of creation ) are thought to be genderless , another theory stated Kamimusuhi was the woman and Takamimusubi the man , comparing them with water and fire or with yin and yang .   Some theories also regard Ame-no-Minaka-Nushi as the source of all creation or as the God of the Big Dipper .   Strangely , Takamimusubi later reappeared together with Amaterasu as one of the central gods in Takamagahara , and his daughter was the mother of the god Ninigi-no-Mikoto . He also played important roles in the events of the founding of Japan , such as selecting the gods who would tag along with Ninigi and sending the Yatagarasu , the three legged solar crow , to help Emperor Jimmu , who in turn , greatly worshiped him by playing the role of medium priest taking Takami Musubi 's identity , in the ceremonies before his Imperial Enthronement ( Sokui ) . Later , Takamimusubi was worshiped by the Jingi-kan and considered the god of matchmaking ( based on a pun with his name , `` musubi '' meaning `` to join '' ) . Some Japanese clans also claimed descent from this god , such as the Saeki clan , he is also an Imperial ancestor .   As for Kamimusuhi , he ( or she ) has strong ties with both the Amatsukami ( heavenly gods ) and the Kunitsukami ( earthly gods ) of Izumo mythology . Kamimusuhi is also said to have transformed the grains produced by the food goddess Ōgetsuhime ( Ukemochi no kami ) after she was slayed by Amaterasu 's angered brother .

neg: Classical Japanese language The classical Japanese language ( 文語 bungo , `` literary language '' ) , also called `` old writing '' ( 古文 kobun ) , is the literary form of the Japanese language that was the standard until the early Shōwa period ( 1926 -- 89 ) . It is based on Early Middle Japanese , the language as spoken during the Heian period ( 794 -- 1185 ) , but exhibits some later influences . Its use started to decline during the late Meiji period ( 1868 -- 1912 ) when novelists started writing their works in the spoken form . Eventually , the spoken style came into widespread use , including in major newspapers , but many official documents were still written in the old style . After the end of World War II because of the surrender of Japan , most documents switched to the spoken style , although the classical style continues to be used in traditional genres , such as haiku and waka . Old laws are also left in the classical style unless fully revised .

neg: Gojūon The is a Japanese ordering of kana , so it is loosely a Japanese `` alphabetical order '' . The `` fifty '' ( gojū ) in its name refers to the 5 × 10 grid in which the characters are displayed . Each kana , which may be a hiragana or katakana character , corresponds to one sound in the Japanese language . As depicted at the right using hiragana characters , the sequence begins with あ ( a ) , い ( i ) , う ( u ) , え ( e ) , お ( o ) , then continues with か ( ka ) , き ( ki ) , く ( ku ) , け ( ke ) , こ ( ko ) , and so on for a total of ten rows of five .   Although nominally containing 50 characters , the grid is not completely filled , and , further , there is an extra character added outside the grid at the end : with 5 gaps and 1 extra character , the current number of distinct kana in a syllabic chart in modern Japanese is therefore 46 . Some of these gaps have always existed as gaps in sound : there was no yi or wu in Old Japanese , and ye disappeared in Early Middle Japanese , predating the kana ; the kana for i , u and e double up for those phantom values . Also , with the spelling reforms after World War II , the kana for wi and we were replaced with i and e , the sounds they had developed into . The kana for syllabic n ( hiragana ん ) is not part of the grid , as it was introduced long after gojūon ordering was devised . ( Previously mu ( hiragana む ) was used for this sound . )   The gojūon contains all the basic kana , but it does not include :  versions of kana with a dakuten such as が ( ga ) or だ ( da ) , or kana with handakuten such as ぱ ( pa ) or ぷ ( pu ) ,  smaller kana , such as the sokuon or yōon .   The gojūon order is the prevalent system for collating Japanese in Japan . For example , dictionaries are ordered using this method .  Other systems used are the iroha ordering , and , for kanji , the radical ordering .

neg: The Last: Naruto the Movie The Last : Naruto the Movie is a 2014 Japanese animated film based on Masashi Kishimoto 's manga and anime series . It is the first entry in the , and the first to be an official part of the canon storyline set between chapter 699 and 700 for the manga series .   The film premiered on 6 December 2014 and became the highest-grossing film in the franchise , before being surpassed by its sequel Boruto : Naruto the Movie .


query: Marilyn Monroe is an actress.

pos: Marilyn Monroe Marilyn Monroe ( born Norma Jeane Mortenson ; June 1 , 1926 -- August 5 , 1962 ) was an American actress and model . Famous for playing comic `` dumb blonde '' characters , she became one of the most popular sex symbols of the 1950s , emblematic of the era 's attitudes towards sexuality . Although she was a top-billed actress for only a decade , her films grossed $ 200 million by the time of her unexpected death in 1962 . She continues to be considered a major popular culture icon .   Born and raised in Los Angeles , Monroe spent most of her childhood in foster homes and an orphanage and married at the age of sixteen . While working in a factory in 1944 as part of the war effort , she was introduced to a photographer from the First Motion Picture Unit and began a successful pin-up modeling career . The work led to short-lived film contracts with Twentieth Century-Fox ( 1946 -- 1947 ) and Columbia Pictures ( 1948 ) . After a series of minor film roles , she signed a new contract with Fox in 1951 . Over the next two years , she became a popular actress with roles in several comedies , including As Young as You Feel and Monkey Business , and in the dramas Clash by Night and Do n't Bother to Knock . Monroe faced a scandal when it was revealed that she had posed for nude photos before becoming a star , but rather than damaging her career , the story resulted in increased interest in her films .   By 1953 , Monroe was one of the most marketable Hollywood stars , with leading roles in three films : the noir Niagara , which focused on her sex appeal , and the comedies Gentlemen Prefer Blondes and How to Marry a Millionaire , which established her star image as a `` dumb blonde '' . Although she played a significant role in the creation and management of her public image throughout her career , she was disappointed at being typecast and underpaid by the studio . She was briefly suspended in early 1954 for refusing a film project , but returned to star in one of the biggest box office successes of her career , The Seven Year Itch ( 1955 ) .   When the studio was still reluctant to change her contract , Monroe founded a film production company in late 1954 ; she named it Marilyn Monroe Productions ( MMP ) . She dedicated 1955 to building her company and began studying method acting at the Actors Studio . In late 1955 , Fox awarded her a new contract , which gave her more control and a larger salary . After a critically acclaimed performance in Bus Stop ( 1956 ) and acting in the first independent production of MMP , The Prince and the Showgirl ( 1957 ) , she won a Golden Globe for Best Actress for Some Like It Hot ( 1959 ) . Her last completed film was the drama The Misfits ( 1961 ) .   Monroe 's troubled private life received much attention . She struggled with substance abuse , depression , and anxiety . She had two highly publicized marriages , to retired baseball star Joe DiMaggio and playwright Arthur Miller , both of which ended in divorce . On August 5 , 1962 , she died at age 36 from an overdose of barbiturates at her home in Los Angeles . Although Monroe 's death was ruled a probable suicide , several conspiracy theories have been proposed in the decades following her death .

neg: The Jack Benny Program (season 4) This is a list of episodes for the fourth season ( 1953 -- 54 ) of the television version of The Jack Benny Program . This season is mostly known for Humphrey Bogart and Marilyn Monroe being on the show ( separately ) . This year had major movie stars of the time , more likely to attract more viewers . The show 's rankings had gone down 33 % from last year , but the show was still popular , and the next season would get more views . This season the program was the 16th highest-ranking show .

neg: Marilyn Manson discography American industrial metal band Marilyn Manson has released nine studio albums , one live album , one compilation album , two EPs , twenty-four singles , nine promo singles , five DVDs , and thirty-four music videos .   After forming in 1989 and signing a contract with Nothing Records and Interscope in 1993 , the band released their first studio album , Portrait of an American Family ( 1994 ) . Although initially not a commercial success , the album would eventually be certified gold by the RIAA for shipments in excess of 500,000 copies . Spurred by their hit single -- a version of the Eurythmics 's `` Sweet Dreams ( Are Made of This ) '' -- the band 's first EP , Smells Like Children ( 1995 ) , became a commercial success , selling over a million copies in the US alone . In 1996 , the band released their second studio album , Antichrist Superstar , which reached No. 3 on the Billboard 200 and has sold over 1.9 million copies in the US . The album went on to sell over 7 million copies worldwide , and was supported by the release of 1997 's Remix & Repent EP . Their third studio album , Mechanical Animals ( 1998 ) , was a commercial and critical success , reaching No. 1 on the Billboard 200 , as well topping the charts in as Australia and Canada . Mechanical Animals was later followed by their first live album , The Last Tour on Earth ( 1999 ) , which included the promotional single `` Astonishing Panorama of the Endtimes '' .   In 2000 , the band released Holy Wood ( In the Shadow of the Valley of Death ) , which managed to sell more than 9 million copies worldwide . Their fifth studio album , The Golden Age of Grotesque ( 2003 ) , was a modest commercial success in their native US , debuting at No. 1 with sales of 118,000 copies . As of November 2008 , the album has sold 526,000 copies in the US . In contrast , the album was , by far , Manson 's most successful internationally , peaking within the top five in most of the major European markets . Their sixth album , Eat Me , Drink Me , was released in 2007 and debuted at No. 8 on the Billboard 200 . The High End of Low ( 2009 ) , reached No. 4 on both the US and Canadian album charts , but was their last album released by Interscope . After signing a deal with Cooking Vinyl , the band released Born Villain in 2012 . Their ninth studio album , The Pale Emperor , was released on January 20 , 2015 , debuting at No. 8 in the US with their highest first week sales since Eat Me , Drink Me in 2007 .

neg: Tom Kelley (photographer) Tom Kelley Sr. ( December 12 , 1914 -- January 8 , 1984 ) was an American photographer who photographed Hollywood celebrities in the 1940s and 1950s . He is best known for his iconic 1949 nude photographs of Marilyn Monroe , which were distributed widely as calendar art -- one of which was featured in the inaugural issue of Playboy magazine in 1953 .   Kelley was born in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . He learned photography as an apprentice in a New York photo studio , and then worked for the Associated Press and Town & Country magazine . After coming to California in 1935 , Kelley established a photography studio in Hollywood and produced promotional photographs of motion picture stars . David O. Selznick and Samuel Goldwyn retained Kelley to take promotional photos of their stars and starlets for magazine covers and advertising . Later , Kelley 's business shifted to commercial and advertising photography .   Some of Kelley 's most famous photo subjects have included Gary Cooper , Greta Garbo , James Cagney , Clark Gable , Winston Churchill , Bob Hope , Marlene Dietrich , Joan Crawford , Jack Benny , David Bowie , John F. Kennedy , Dwight D. Eisenhower , Franklin D. Roosevelt , Yma Sumac and , of course , Marilyn Monroe , with and without clothes . Tom Kelley had a way of making his subjects feel comfortable behind the camera . He would bring his wife with him to his shoots to create a more soothing and relaxed atmosphere .   Kelley served on the panel of judges at the Miss Universe 1952 and Miss Universe 1956 pageants . He appeared in the 1966 documentary film The Legend of Marilyn Monroe .

neg: Movietone Records Movietone Records was a budget records subsidiary of 20th Century Fox 's record division , which issued 29 albums starting in 1965 and ending in 1967 . Most or all of these were reissues of albums that had appeared earlier on the 20th Century Fox label . Artists featured on these albums included Shirley Temple , Al Martino , Lena Horne , Art Tatum , Marilyn Monroe , and Sylvia Sims .   The name `` Movietone '' had been used by Fox Film Corporation since 1926 , when it was coined by William Fox to name the process he had bought for putting sound on film for `` talkies '' . By the time the 1965 incarnation of the record label came along , Fox had issued some 78s on the Fox Movietone label decades earlier , but these were not commercial issues , as far as is known . `` Movietone '' was also the name Fox gave to its TV and newsreel coverage .

neg: Buddy Adler E. Maurice `` Buddy '' Adler ( June 22 , 1909 -- July 12 , 1960 ) was an American film producer and a former production head for 20th Century Fox studios .   Born in New York City , New York , he married actress Anita Louise Fremault ( 1915 -- 1970 ) in 1940 . They had two children together .   In 1954 , his production of From Here to Eternity won the Academy Award for Best Picture and in 1956 , his Love Is a Many-Splendored Thing was nominated for best picture . Adler also produced the 1956 film Bus Stop , starring Marilyn Monroe .

neg: Marilyn Baker Marilyn Baker may refer to :  Marilyn Baker ( singer ) , Christian singer/song writer  Marilyn Baker , former mayor of City of Playford and City of Elizabeth in South Australia

neg: Marilyn Monroe in popular culture Marilyn Monroe 's life and persona have been used in film , television , music , the arts , and by other celebrities .

neg: Lazy (Irving Berlin song) `` Lazy '' is a popular song written by Irving Berlin in 1924 . It is best known today by a performance of the song by Marilyn Monroe in the motion picture There 's No Business Like Show Business .

neg: Superstar Superstar is a term used to refer to some one who has great popular appeal and is widely known , prominent , or successful in some field . Celebrities referred to as `` superstars '' may include individuals who work as actors , actresses , musicians , athletes , and other media-based professions .

neg: Screenland Screenland was a monthly U.S. magazine about movies , published between September 1920 and June 1971 , when it merged with Silver Screen . In the September 1952 issue , the name changed to Screenland plus TV-Land .   In was established in Los Angeles , California , with Myron Zobel as the editor in 1922 . Frederick James Smith became the editor in 1923 when it moved to Cooperstown , New York . One magazine-collector site credits , without attribution , one Paul Hunter , `` with rescuing Screenland magazine for John Cuneo back in 1932 . ''   In October 1952 , Ned Pines ' Standard Magazines , an imprint of Pines Publications , purchased Silver Screen and Screenland from the Henry Publishing company . Pines announced in June 1954 that he was suspending publication with the August 1954 issue , citing production and distribution costs . The magazine continued publication through 1971 , however .   In 1923 the magazine reported a love affair between Evelyn Brent and Douglas Fairbanks , resulting in legal threats , and a retraction .

neg: Marie Masters Marie Masters ( born February 4 , 1941 ) is an American actress .

neg: Marilyn McCoo Marilyn McCoo ( born September 30 , 1943 ) is an American singer , actress , and television presenter , who is best known for being the lead female vocalist in the group The 5th Dimension , as well as hosting the 1980s music countdown series Solid Gold . Since 1969 , she has been married to singer Billy Davis , Jr. , the founder and co-member of the 5th Dimension .   McCoo has a four-octave vocal range .

neg: List of actors nominated for two Academy Awards in the same year The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences has had occurrences of actors and actresses nominated for two different Academy Awards in acting categories in a single year , with the first instance in 1938 . Provided that they receive enough votes from the Academy in both categories to earn a nomination , there are no restrictions on actors being nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor and Best Supporting Actor or actresses being nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress and Best Supporting Actress in any given year . The sole rule with regard to multiple nominations is that an actor or actress can not receive multiple nominations for the same performance . This rule was introduced in 1944 after Barry Fitzgerald received a Best Actor nomination and a Best Supporting Actor nomination for his performance in Going My Way .   As of 2015 , 11 actors and actresses have been nominated for two different Academy Awards in the same year . The first of these actors and actresses was Fay Bainter , who received nominations for her performances in White Banners and Jezebel at the 11th Academy Awards . The most recent occurrence was during the 80th Academy Awards , in which Cate Blanchett received nominations for Elizabeth : The Golden Age and I 'm Not There . Seven of these actors and actresses received an Academy Award in one of the categories they were nominated in , and none have won two Academy Awards in the same year . Four did not receive an Academy Award in either category : Sigourney Weaver ( nominations for Gorillas in the Mist and Working Girl ) , Emma Thompson ( nominations for The Remains of the Day and In the Name of the Father ) , Julianne Moore ( nominations for Far from Heaven and The Hours ) , and Cate Blanchett ( nominations for Elizabeth : The Golden Age and I 'm Not There ) .

neg: Forever Marilyn Forever Marilyn is a giant statue of Marilyn Monroe designed by Seward Johnson . The statue is a representation of one of the most famous images of Monroe , taken from the 1955 film The Seven Year Itch . Created in July 2011 , the statue has been displayed in a variety of locations in the United States as well as in Australia .

neg: Cate Blanchett on screen and stage Cate Blanchett is an Australian actress who has extensively appeared in film and stage . She made her stage debut in 1992 by playing Electra in the National Institute of Dramatic Art production of the same name . She followed it with performances in Timothy Daly 's Kafka Dances ( 1993 ) and the Sydney Theatre Company stage production of Oleanna ( 1993 ) opposite Geoffrey Rush . Blanchett won the Sydney Theatre Critics Award for Best Newcomer for the former and Best Actress for the latter , making her the first person to win both awards at once . She went on to perform several roles on stage , notably Susan Traherne in Plenty ( 1999 ) , Hedda Gabler in Hedda Gabler ( 2004 ) , Blanche DuBois in A Streetcar Named Desire ( 2009 ) , Yelena in Uncle Vanya ( 2011 ) and Claire in The Maids ( 2013 ) .   In 1997 , Blanchett made her feature film debut in a supporting role in the World War II drama Paradise Road . The same year , she had her first leading role in Oscar and Lucinda , which earned her an AACTA Award nomination for Best Actress . Blanchett received worldwide attention for playing Queen Elizabeth I of England in the acclaimed drama Elizabeth ( 1998 ) . Her performance garnered her a Golden Globe and a BAFTA Award for Best Actress and her first Academy Award nomination for Best Actress . Elizabeth and her next film , the thriller The Talented Mr. Ripley ( 1999 ) , performed well at the box office . However , her other 1999 releasesthe widely praised An Ideal Husband and the largely panned Pushing Tinwere unsuccessful .   Blanchett found greater success for portraying Galadriel in Peter Jackson 's epic fantasy trilogy The Lord of the Rings ( 2001-03 ) . During this period , she also appeared in several films which had mixed reception and performed poorly at the box office . She won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress , among other honors for portraying Katharine Hepburn in Martin Scorsese 's 2004 drama The Aviator , making her the only actor to win an Oscar for portraying another Oscar-winning actor . Her only screen appearance in 2005 was in Little Fish , for which she won the AACTA Award for Best Actress . Blanchett 's performance in the 2006 thriller Notes on a Scandal garnered her another Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress . In 2007 , she received both Best Actress and Best Supporting Actress Oscar nominations for her roles in Elizabeth : The Golden Age and I 'm Not There , becoming one of the few actors to achieve this feat .   In 2008 , Blanchett appeared in Steven Spielberg 's action adventure Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull and David Fincher 's fantasy drama The Curious Case of Benjamin Button . She briefly reprised her role of Galadriel in the The Hobbit trilogy ( 2012-14 ) . For her performance as the titular socialite in Woody Allen 's 2013 drama Blue Jasmine , Blanchett won the Golden Globe , the BAFTA Award , the SAG Award and the Academy Award for Best Actress . In 2014 , she voiced Valka in the $ 620 million-grossing animated fantasy How to Train Your Dragon 2 . In 2015 , she received praise for playing Lady Tremaine in Disney 's live action film Cinderella , Mary Mapes in Truth and the titular character in Todd Haynes 's romantic drama Carol . Cinderella was a notable box office success while Carol garnered her seventh Oscar nomination . Blanchett made her Broadway debut in 2017 with The Present , receiving her first Tony Award nomination for the Best Actress in a Play .

neg: Nicole Hansen Nicole Hansen is an American producer , actress , and clean technology liaison to the entertainment industry . Her work has been profiled in Ms. In the Biz . She has contributed to Indiewire 's Box Office Insider and the Producers Guild of America 's Produced by magazine . As an actress , she is best known for her role of Mary in American Cyborg : Steel Warrior . She also played Marilyn Monroe in Billy Idol music videos `` L.A. Woman '' and `` Cradle of Love , '' directed by David Fincher .

neg: Thomas Monroe (writer) Thomas Monroe ( September 26 , 1902-April 24 , 1960 ) was an American screenwriter who was nominated twice for the Academy Award for Best Story .

neg: Marilyn (1963 film) Marilyn is a 1963 documentary film based on the life of the 1950s sex symbol Marilyn Monroe . The film , directed by Harold Medford , was released by 20th Century Fox , and was narrated by Rock Hudson .

neg: Let Me Be Your Star `` Let Me Be Your Star '' is an original song introduced in the first episode of the first season of the musical TV series Smash , entitled Pilot . It was written by Marc Shaiman and Scott Wittman , but in the show 's universe , it was written by songwriting duo Tom Levitt ( Christian Borle ) and Julia Houston ( Debra Messing ) for the Marilyn Monroe musical they are working on , Bombshell .   In the first episode , the song is performed by characters Karen Cartwright ( Katharine McPhee ) and Ivy Lynn ( Megan Hilty ) as they each prepare for and then audition for the role of Marilyn in front the production team .   The song has since been reprised numerous times in various episodes , both as solos and duets . For the first season , it was also sung by Karen and Ivy in the second episode `` The Callback '' and the seventh episode `` The Workshop '' , by Ivy in the sixth episode `` Chemistry '' , and by Rebecca Duvall ( Uma Thurman ) in the eleventh episode `` The Movie Star '' and the fourteenth episode `` Previews '' . In the second season , it was reprised by Karen and several female members of the Bombshell ensemble in the first episode `` On Broadway '' , and by Ivy in the eighth episode `` The Bells and Whistles '' and the eleventh episode `` The Dress Rehearsal '' .   The song was originally released as a single to digital music retailers and is available on the cast albums The Music of Smash and Bombshell ( the latter with an extended intro not heard on the show ) , with McPhee and Hilty 's vocals from the `` Pilot '' episode .   The song has sold 48,000 digital downloads as of April 13 , 2012 .

neg: This Year's Blonde This Year 's Blonde is a 1980 low-budgeted American television drama film , based on the Garson Kanin novel Moviola about 1950s sex symbol Marilyn Monroe . The movie starred Constance Forslund as Monroe Lloyd Bridges as Johnny Hyde and Norman Fell and was presented as part of a 3-night TV special event on NBC called Moviola : A Hollywood Saga .   This Year 's Blonde was the first of two TV movies about Monroe in 1980 . The second being , Marilyn : The Untold Story , starring Catherine Hicks . Both movies have been overshadowed by more big-budgeted theatrical films about the star .


query: Wyatt Earp was a constable and he was American.

pos: Wyatt Earp Wyatt Berry Stapp Earp ( March 19 , 1848 -- January 13 , 1929 ) was an American Old West gambler , a deputy sheriff in Pima County , and deputy town marshal in Tombstone , Arizona Territory , who took part in the gunfight at the O.K. Corral , during which lawmen killed three outlaw cowboys . He is often regarded as the central figure in the shootout in Tombstone , although his brother Virgil was Tombstone city marshal and Deputy U.S. Marshal that day , and had far more experience as a sheriff , constable , marshal , and soldier in combat .   Earp lived a restless life . He was at different times a constable , city policeman , county sheriff , Deputy U.S. Marshal , teamster , buffalo hunter , bouncer , saloon-keeper , gambler , brothel keeper , miner , and boxing referee . Earp spent his early life in Iowa . In 1870 , Earp married his first wife , Urilla Sutherland Earp , who contracted typhoid fever and died shortly before their first child was to be born . During the next two years Earp was arrested for stealing a horse , escaped from jail , sued twice , and was arrested and fined three times during the course of 1872 for `` keeping and being found in a house of ill-fame '' . His third arrest was subject of a lengthy account in the `` Daily Transcript '' which referred to him as an `` old offender '' and nicknamed him the `` Peoria Bummer '' .   By 1874 he had arrived in the cattle boomtown of Wichita , Kansas where his brother had opened a brothel . On April 21 , 1875 he was appointed to the Wichita police force , and developed a solid reputation as a lawman . In April 1876 he was dismissed from his position as a lawman following an altercation with a political opponent of his boss which led to him being fined $ 30 . In 1876 , he followed his brother James to Dodge City , Kansas , where he became an assistant city marshal . In winter 1878 , he went to Texas to track down an outlaw and met John `` Doc '' Holliday , whom Earp later credited with saving his life .   Earp moved constantly throughout his life from one boomtown to another . He left Dodge City in 1879 and moved to Tombstone with his brothers James and Virgil , where a silver boom was underway . There , the Earps clashed with a loose federation of outlaws known as the Cowboys . Wyatt , Virgil , and their younger brother Morgan held various law enforcement positions that put them in conflict with Tom and Frank McLaury , and Ike and Billy Clanton , who threatened on several occasions to kill the Earps . The conflict escalated over the next year , culminating on October 26 , 1881 in the gunfight at the O.K. Corral , in which the Earps and Holliday killed three of the Cowboys . In the next five months , Virgil was ambushed and maimed , and Morgan was assassinated . Pursuing a vendetta , Wyatt , his brother Warren , Holliday , and others formed a federal posse that killed three of the Cowboys whom they thought responsible . Wyatt was never wounded in any of the gunfights in which he took part , unlike his brothers Virgil and James , or his friend , Doc Holliday , which only added to his mystique after his death .   Earp was a lifelong gambler and was always looking for a quick way to make money . After leaving Tombstone , Earp went to San Francisco where he reunited with Josephine Earp . She became his common-law wife . They joined a gold rush to Eagle City , Idaho , where they owned mining interests and a saloon . They left there to race horses and open a saloon during a real estate boom in San Diego , California . Back in San Francisco , Wyatt raced horses again , but his reputation suffered irreparably when he refereed the Fitzsimmons-Sharkey boxing match and called a foul that led many to believe that he fixed the fight . They moved briefly to Yuma , Arizona before joining the Nome Gold Rush in 1899 . In partnership with Charlie Hoxie they opened a two-story saloon called the Dexter and made an estimated $ 80,000 ( about $ 2 million in 2017 dollars ) . Returning to the lower 48 , they opened another saloon in Tonopah , Nevada , the site of a new gold find . In about 1911 , Earp began working several mining claims in Vidal , California , retiring in the hot summers with Josephine to Los Angeles .   Wyatt Earp died on January 13 , 1929 . He was known as a Western lawman , gunfighter , and boxing referee . He had a notorious reputation for both his handling of the Fitzsimmons-Sharkey fight and his role in the O.K. Corral gunfight . This only began to change after his death when an extremely flattering biography was published in 1931 . It became a bestseller and created his reputation as a fearless lawman . Since then , Earp has been the subject of and model for numerous films , TV shows , biographies , and works of fiction that have increased his notoriety . He did , however , live to see himself being portrayed in the film Wild Bill Hickok , released in 1923 . Long after his death , he has many devoted detractors and admirers . Earp 's modern-day reputation is that of the Old West 's `` toughest and deadliest gunman of his day . ''

neg: Wild Bill Hickok (film) Wild Bill Hickok is a 1923 American Western silent film directed by Clifford Smith , and written by William S. Hart and J.G. Hawks . It stars William S. Hart , Ethel Grey Terry , Kathleen O'Connor , James Farley , Jack Gardner , Carl Gerard and William Dyer . The film was released on November 18 , 1923 , by Paramount Pictures . It was the first film to depict Wyatt Earp , although in a very brief role , and the only film made before he died in 1929 that included his character , until Law and Order was released in 1932 . A print of the film exists in the Museum of Modern Art film archive .

neg: Leonidas C. Dyer Leonidas Carstarphen Dyer ( June 11 , 1871 -- December 15 , 1957 ) was an American politician , reformer , civil rights activist , and military officer who served 11 terms in the U.S. Congress as a Republican Representative from Missouri from 1911 to 1933 . In 1898 enrolling in the U.S. Army as a private , Dyer served notably in the Spanish -- American War ; and was promoted to Colonel at the war 's end .   Working as an attorney in St. Louis , Dyer started an anti-usury campaign and was elected to Congress as a Republican in 1910 . As a progressive reformer , Dyer authored an anti-usury law in 1914 that limited excessive loan rates by bank lenders in the nation 's capital , then still governed by Congress .   Horrified by the race riots in Saint Louis and East Saint Louis in 1917 and the high rate of reported lynchings in the South , in 1918 Dyer was notable for proposing the Dyer Anti-Lynching Bill . In 1920 the Republican Party supported such legislation in its platform from the National Convention . In January 1922 , Dyer 's bill was passed by the House , which approved it by a wide margin due to `` insistent countrywide demand '' . The bill was defeated by the white Democratic voting bloc of the South in filibusters in the Senate in December 1922 , in 1923 and 1924 .   In 1919 , Dyer authored the motor-vehicle theft law , which made transporting stolen automobiles across state lines a federal crime . By 1956 , the FBI reported that the law had enabled the recovery of cars worth more than $ 212 million . In terms of Prohibition , Rep. Dyer voted against various anti-liquor laws , including the Eighteenth Amendment .   Dyer served in Congress from the 62nd Congress to the 72nd Congress . He was defeated for re-election during the 1930s of the Great Depression . President Franklin D. Roosevelt 's programs to put people to work and extend social welfare during the Depression helped attract voters to Democratic candidates .

neg: Newhall incident The Newhall incident , also called the `` Newhall massacre '' , was a shootout between two heavily armed criminals and officers of the California Highway Patrol ( CHP ) in the Newhall unincorporated area of Los Angeles County , California on April 5 , 1970 . In less than 5 minutes , four CHP officers were killed in what was at the time the deadliest day in the history of California law enforcement .   At approximately 11:55 p.m. ( UTC-8 ) , CHP officers Walt Frago and Roger Gore conducted a traffic stop of Bobby Davis and Jack Twinning in conjunction with an incident involving the pair that had been reported to the CHP minutes earlier . After stopping in a restaurant parking lot and initially cooperating with the officers , Twinning and Davis opened fire and killed both officers . Minutes later , Officers George Alleyn and James Pence arrived on the scene and engaged Twinning and Davis in a shootout . A passerby picked up one of the officers ' weapons and opened fire on the perpetrators ; however , the three were outgunned , and both Alleyn and Pence suffered fatal injuries while the passerby ran out of ammunition and took cover in a ditch . A third CHP patrol car arrived on the scene and the lone officer inside briefly exchanged gunfire with the perpetrators , but they were able to flee the scene .   Over three hours later , after stealing a vehicle and exchanging gunfire with its owner , Davis attempted to flee the area ; however , he was spotted by police and arrested . Meanwhile , Twinning broke into a house and took one of its occupants hostage . The house was surrounded by deputies of the Los Angeles County Sheriff 's Department and at approximately 9 a.m. , he released the hostage and committed suicide when the deputies entered the house . Davis was sentenced to death but had his sentence commuted to life imprisonment without the possibility of parole in 1973 . He killed himself at Kern Valley State Prison in 2009 .   The Newhall incident resulted in a number of changes at the CHP , including procedural changes in arresting high risk suspects and standardization of firearms and firearms training used across the department .

neg: Lafayette City Marshal (Louisiana) The Office of Marshal of the City Court of Lafayette ( Lafayette Marshal ) is the marshal service in the City of Lafayette , Louisiana . The marshal is in charge of apprehending fugitives and serving warrants made by the City Court of Lafayette .   In December 2014 , former deputy marshal Brian Pope was elected to the office of city marshal , succeeding long-time incumbent Earl `` Nickey '' Picard , who had held the position of Lafayette city marshal since 1984 .

neg: Frank Dalton Frank Dalton ( June 8 , 1859 -- November 27 , 1887 ) was a Deputy US Marshal of the Old West under Judge Isaac Parker ( the hangin ' judge ) , for Oklahoma Territory , as well as the older brother to the members of the Dalton Gang , in addition to being the brother to William M. Dalton , once a member of California legislature , and later an outlaw and leader of the Doolin Dalton gang alongside Bill Doolin . Frank Dalton is not to be confused with J. Frank Dalton , who made many claims to be famous people , including his claim of being Frank Dalton , and later Jesse James .   Dalton became , without much effort , the success story of the Dalton family . He was commissioned as a Deputy US Marshal , serving under Judge Parker , and quickly developed a reputation as being a brave lawman . Based out of Fort Smith , Arkansas , Dalton was involved in a number of shootouts and high risk arrests over a three-year period . However , on November 27 , 1887 , he and Deputy J.R. Cole were on the trail of outlaw Dave Smith , wanted for horse theft . As they approached Smith 's camp , Smith fired a shot from a rifle , hitting Dalton in the chest . Deputy Cole returned fire , killing Smith , but was then shot and wounded by a Smith cohort . Cole was able to make his escape , however , believing Dalton was dead . Dalton , however , was still alive , and engaged the outlaws in a short gunbattle . One of Smith 's cohorts was wounded , and a woman who was in the camp was killed during the crossfire . Frank Dalton was dead by the time Deputy Cole returned with a posse , having been killed with two additional rifle shots by outlaw Will Towerly . The outlaw wounded by Dalton never revealed his own name . He died shortly thereafter , but not before naming Towerly as Frank Dalton 's murderer . A newspaper of the time indicated Dalton had begged Towerly not to kill him , saying he was already dying . However that was a rumour , and there were no witnesses to the crime who ever made that statement . Towerly was killed one month later by Deputy William Moody and Deputy US Marshal Ed Stokley . Stokley was also killed during the gunfight . Dalton was buried in Elmwood Cemetery in Coffeyville , Kansas , not far from the graves of his two outlaw brothers , Grat and Bob . ( One can see the graves of Bob , and Grat just to the left of Frank 's grave about 30 yards back with the original hitching post that they tied their horses to )   The actor Robert Lansing played Frank Dalton in the NBC television series The Outlaws in a two-part episode `` The Daltons Must Die '' , which aired early in 1961 .

neg: Hogtown, Florida Hogtown was a 19th-century settlement in and around what is now Westside Park in Gainesville , Florida , United States ( in the northeast corner of the intersection of NW 8th Avenue and 34th Street ) where a historical marker notes Hogtown 's location at that site and is the eponymous outpost of the adjacent Hogtown Creek . Originally a village of Seminoles who raised hogs , the habitation was dubbed `` Hogtown '' by nearby white people who traded with the Seminoles . Indian artifacts were found at Glen Springs , which empties into Hogtown Creek . In 1824 , Hogtown 's population was 14 . After the acquisition of Florida by the United States , white settlers began moving into the area . The 1823 Treaty of Moultrie Creek obliged the Seminoles to move to a reservation in central Florida . Under the terms of the treaty , Chief John Mico received $ 20 as compensation for the `` improvements '' the Seminoles had made in Hogtown .   The 1832 Treaty of Payne 's Landing required the Seminoles in Florida to move to west of the Mississippi River after three years . Most of the Seminoles did not want to leave Florida . As the deadline for the start of the removal approached , tensions increased in Florida . In June 1835 there occurred an incident called the `` Murder of Hogtown '' ( not to be confused with a work of fiction so titled ) : A party of seven or eight Seminoles hunting off of the reservation had killed a cow and then made camp near Hogtown . A group of whites found five or six of the Seminoles at their camp , seized their weapons , and began whipping the Seminoles . The other two Seminoles returned to the camp , and seeing their fellows being whipped , opened fire on the whites . In the ensuing fight , three of the whites were wounded , one Seminole was killed , and another Seminole was reported to have been mortally wounded . Indian Agent Wiley Thompson demanded the surrender of the surviving Seminoles , and they were turned over to government custody for trial . There is no record of a trial occurring , however , reportedly because the whites involved did not want their actions examined in court . In August , Private Kinsley Dalton was killed while carrying the mail from Fort Brooke ( Tampa ) to Fort King ( Ocala ) , allegedly in retaliation for the Seminoles killed at Hogtown .   The Second Seminole War started late in December 1835 , when 107 United States Army troops were killed by Seminoles in the Dade Massacre . White settlers throughout Florida left their homes or took steps to protect themselves . The residents of Hogtown built a fortification called Fort Hogtown , and were part of the Spring Grove Guards ( Spring Grove was about 4 mi west of Hogtown ) .   In 1853 , the residents of Alachua County realized that the route of the planned Florida Railroad would bypass the county seat , Newnansville . A general meeting at Boulware Springs was called to consider moving the county seat to a new town on the expected route of the railroad . William Lewis , who owned a plantation in Hogtown , offered 20 votes pledged to him in support of a new town on the railroad , with a deal that the town would be called Lewisville if it did not become the county seat . Lewis did not believe that there would be enough votes to move the county seat . However , Tillman Ingram , another plantation owner in Hogtown who also owned a sawmill there , offered to build a courthouse in the new town for such a favorable price that the move was approved . The name `` Gainesville '' was then chosen for the new town . Ingram built Oak Hall , said to be the first important house in downtown Gainesville , as well as the first courthouse . Lumber from the Hogtown mill had also been used for the oldest house in Gainesville , the Bailey House , built on the Bailey Plantation before Gainesville was established .   An 1855 map of Hogtown and Gainesville is found on the site of the Alachua County Library District .   In 1961 , the City of Gainesville annexed the former site of Hogtown . Colloquially , `` Hogtown '' is oft used as a synonym for Gainesville , and many Gainesville businesses and events identify themselves as `` Hogtown '' .

neg: Frontier gambler The Frontier Gambler is one of the most recognizable stock characters of the American West , usually portrayed as a gentlemanly southerner living outside of the law . Historically , gamblers were of both sexes , came from a variety of professions and class backgrounds , were of many different nationalities , and were part of a well-respected profession . As the west became increasingly populated and domesticated , the public perception of gambling changed to a negative one and led nearly all of the state and territorial legislatures to pass anti-gambling laws in and effort to `` clean up '' their towns . The gambler continues to be a captivating figure in the imagery of the west , representing the openness of its society and invoking its association with risk-taking .

neg: Border Patrol The United States Border Patrol is an American federal law enforcement agency .   Border Patrol may also refer to :  Border Patrol ( TV series ) , a New Zealand reality television program  Border Patrol ( U.S. TV series ) , a 1959 syndicated television series  The Border Patrol ( film ) , a 1928 film starring Harry Carey  Border Patrol ( 1943 film ) , a Western featuring William Boyd as Hopalong Cassidy

neg: Charles Carrollo Charles Vincent `` Charlie the Wop '' Carrollo ( born August 25 , 1902 -- died 1979 ) was a Kansas City , Missouri crime boss during the 1930s .   Born Vincenzo Carrollo in Santa Cristina Gela a town in the province of Palermo , Sicily , Carrollo 's family emigrated to the United States when he was three years old , initially settling in New York City before moving to Kansas City . His father was Antonio Carrollo and his mother Rosa Maria Carrollo .   At some time after 1917 , Carrollo became a close friend and enforcer for future Kansas City mob boss John Lazia . During the early 1920s , when Lazia was arrested for bootlegging , Carrollo accepted responsibility for the crime and went to prison for a short time . By the late 1920s , Lazia controlled all organized crime in Kansas City and Carrollo was a top lieutenant .   On the night of July 10 , 1934 , Carrollo drove Lazia and his wife Marie to their apartment building . When Lazia got out of the car , an unidentified `` hit team '' gunned him down in a hail of submachine gun fire . Lazia last word 's were for Carrollo to drive Marie to safety . Carrollo and Marie Lazia escaped unharmed . The murder was never solved . With the aid of the Kansas City Pendergast political organization , Carrollo became the new mob boss . Carollo and newly appointed Kansas City police chief Otto Higgins became closely involved in numerous criminal activities .   In 1939 , Treasury Agents under Secretary Henry Morgenthau , Jr. started pursuing Carrollo . Carrollo responded by refusing any warrants and sending his gunmen to harass the agents . However , on October 20 , 1939 , Carrollo , Higgins , and Tom Pendergast were convicted of income tax evasion and sent to Leavenworth Federal Penitentiary in Leavenworth , Kansas . While at Leavenworth , Carrollo was discovered trafficking in contraband within the prison and was transferred to Alcatraz , the high security prison in San Francisco Bay .   Released from prison in 1954 , Carrollo was eventually deported to Italy . In 1979 , Carrollo died of natural causes in Kansas City .

neg: Christopher Evans (outlaw) Christopher `` Chris '' Evans ( February 19 , 1847 -- February 9 , 1917 ) , a native of Bells Corners near Ottawa , Canada , was an American farmer and teamster turned outlaw .   Evans was accused of robbing the Southern Pacific Railroad in California between 1889 and 1892 . After killing a member of a posse outside his home on the outskirts of Visalia , he fled to the Sierra Nevada mountains with his younger partner , John Sontag . While Evans and Sontag hid out , writers Ambrose Bierce and Joaquin Miller championed their cause in the San Francisco Examiner . The outlaws evaded capture for ten months . They had a shootout with a posse at the Young cabin which resulted in the death of Wilson , the posse leader , and McGinnis , a former friend of Chris Evans . Later , John Sontag was mortally wounded in what is called the Battle of Stone Corral .   Evans was himself severely wounded at Stone Corral , having lost an eye and his left arm . He was taken into custody and convicted of murder and sentenced to life in Folsom State Prison in Folsom , California . John Sontag 's younger brother , George Contant , testified against Evans and hence acquired the lifelong hatred of Evans ' family .   After Evans served for seventeen years at Folsom , he was paroled in 1911 by Governor Hiram Johnson , a liberal Republican , who had been elected on an anti-Southern Pacific campaign theme . Banished from California , he died in Portland , Oregon , in 1917 , denying to the end that he had ever robbed a train and continuing to assert that he had killed only in self-defense . He also wrote a socialist book which calls for expanded government to check what he viewed as the abuses of the business community . Evans is interred in Portland at Mount Calvary Cemetery .   An accomplice to the Evans-Sontag Gang was Ed Morrell , who served fourteen years total in Folsom and San Quentin . Championed by author Jack London , Morrell was pardoned in 1908 and thereafter became a well-known advocate for prison reform .   Morris Ankrum and John Smith portrayed Evans and Sontag , respectively , in an episode of the 1955 syndicated television series Stories of the Century , starring and hosted by Jim Davis . Jimmie Dodd of The Mickey Mouse Club appears as a deputy in this episode .

neg: Dutch Mob The Dutch Mob was a New York pickpocket gang during the late nineteenth century .   Formed during the late 1860s by Little Freddie , `` Sheeny '' Mike Kurtz , and Johnny Irving , former members of the Italian Dave Gang , the Dutch Mob soon became one of the largest pickpocket gangs in the United States numbering around 300 members . Operating in the Manhattan neighborhood east of the Bowery , the area between Houston and Fifth Streets was known as a `` pickpockets paradise '' to the local press . A common tactic of the gang was to stage a street fight and pickpocket the gathering crowd . A variation of this technique was to have several gang members pick a fight with a victim where he would be `` rescued '' by other gang members posing as innocent bystanders and have his pockets picked while being rushed through the crowd .   However , when Anthony J. Allaire was appointed precinct captain in 1877 , police `` flying squads '' were sent to clear the district attacking anyone who was suspected or resembled a pickpocket or other criminal and by the end of the year few members of the gang remained .   The same area would become home to another gang of mostly teenaged pickpockets , the Crazy Butch Gang in the late-1890s .

neg: Charles Francis Colcord Charles Francis Colcord ( August 18 , 1859 -- December 10 , 1934 ) was a successful cattle rancher , U.S. Marshal , Chief of Police , businessman , and pioneer of the Old West . The community of Colcord , Oklahoma is named for him .   Colcord 's life spanned the American Civil War , the taming of the west , the cattle drives , the Land Runs , the Wright brothers ' flight , World War I , Wiley Post , Will Rogers and Charles Lindbergh , the Roaring Twenties , the Great Depression , and the transition of Oklahoma City from a frontier prairie to a booming metropolis with skyscrapers , oil fields and airplanes . On December 30 , 1934 , a resolution adopted by the Oklahoma City Chamber of Commerce stated ,  `` Affluence came to him but left unspoiled his native gentleness and simplicity . Always he was modest , humble , democratic , generous , just and kind . He remembered the less fortunate friends of his early days . ''

neg: Frank Stilwell Frank C. Stilwell ( ca. 1856 -- March 20 , 1882 ) was an outlaw Cowboy who killed at least two men in Cochise County during 1877 -- 82 . Both killings were considered to have been self-defense . For four months he was a deputy sheriff in Tombstone , Arizona Territory for Cochise County Sheriff Johnny Behan . Stilwell owned interests in several mines and various businesses , including a saloon , a wholesale liquor business , a stage line , and at his death livery stables in Charleston and Bisbee . He was also a partner in a Bisbee-area saloon with ex-Texas Ranger Pete Spence .   He was closely involved in the events leading up to and following the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral on October 26 , 1881 , and was suspected in the murder of Morgan Earp on March 18 , 1882 . Two days after Morgan 's death , Frank Stilwell was killed by Deputy U.S. Marshal Wyatt Earp in a Tucson train yard . Arrest warrants were issued for Earp and four others in his gang suspected of murdering Stilwell . Murder indictments were issued at Pima County for Wyatt Earp , Doc Holliday , Warren Earp , Sherman McMaster and John Johnson . Earp agreed to turn himself in but instead fled the Arizona Territory for Colorado . Wyatt Earp admitted late in his life to killing Stilwell at close range with a shotgun .

neg: Cochise County in the Old West Cochise County in the Old West was the site of ongoing Apache Indian attacks and a bitter feud between outlaw Cowboys and lawmen like Virgil Earp and his brothers . The county was carved off in 1881 from the easternmost portion of Pima County during a formative period in the American Southwest . Tensions began as soon as American settlers began arriving in what is now Cochise County . The time period was characterized by rapidly growing boomtowns , ongoing Apache raids , smuggling and cattle rustling across the United States-Mexico border , growing ranching operations , and the expansion of new technologies in mining , railroading , and telecommunications .   In the 1860s , following the Gadsden Purchase and the arrival of American settlers , conflict between the Apaches and the Americans was at its height . Pima County and later Cochise County were located in the center of the Apache wars and until 1886 there was almost constant warfare in that region adjacent to the Mexican border .   In addition to the conflict with the Native Americans , during the 1870s and 1880s , there was considerable tension between the rural residents who were for the most part Democrats from the agrarian Confederate States and town residents and business owners who were largely Republicans from the industrial Union States . The tension culminated in what has been called the Cochise County feud , or the Earp-Clanton feud , which ended with the historic Gunfight at the O.K. Corral and Wyatt Earp 's Vendetta Ride . Dr. George E. Goodfellow described Tombstone , the capital of Cochise County , as the `` condensation of wickedness . ''

neg: The Ransom of Red Chief `` The Ransom of Red Chief '' is a 1910 short story by O. Henry first published in The Saturday Evening Post . It follows two men who kidnap and attempt to ransom a wealthy Alabaman 's son ; eventually , the men are driven crazy by the boy 's spoiled and hyperactive behavior , and end up having to pay the boy 's father to take him back .   The story and its main idea have become a part of popular culture , with many children 's television programs using a version of the story as one of their episodes . The tale is a light-hearted example of the ultimate in `` poetic justice '' and fortuitous intervention for the public good : the crooks had intended to use the ransom money to fund an even larger and much more elaborate scam that would likely have caused widespread monetary damage to the local populace , and so having their plans `` foiled in their infancy '' by Red Chief 's shrewd father saves countless other honest folks from financial ruin . It has also been often used as a classic example of two ultimate comic ironies -- a supposed `` hostage '' actually liking his abductors and enjoying being captured , and his captors getting their just deserts by having the tables turned on them , and being compelled to pay to be rid of him .

neg: Stand Watie Stand Watie ( -LSB- ᏕᎦᏔᎦ , translit = Degataga , lit = Stand firm -RSB- ) ( December 12 , 1806 -- September 9 , 1871 ) -- also known as Standhope Uwatie , Tawkertawker , and Isaac S. Watie -- was a leader of the Cherokee Nation , and not only a brigadier general of the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War , but the only Native American general of the Confederate Army . He commanded the Confederate Indian cavalry of the Army of the Trans-Mississippi , made up mostly of Cherokee , Muskogee and Seminole , and was the final Confederate general in the field to cease hostilities at war 's end .   Prior to removal of the Cherokee to Indian Territory in the late 1830s , Watie and his older brother Elias Boudinot were among leaders who signed the Treaty of New Echota in 1835 . The majority of the tribe opposed their action . In 1839 the brothers were attacked in an assassination attempt , as were other relatives active in the Treaty Party . All but Stand Watie were killed . Watie in 1842 killed one of his uncle 's attackers , and in 1845 his brother Thomas Watie was killed in retaliation , in the continuing cycle of violence . Watie was acquitted at trial in the 1850s on the grounds of self-defense .   During the American Civil War and soon after , Watie served as Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation ( 1862 -- 1866 ) . By then , the majority of the tribe supported the Confederacy . A minority supported the Union and refused to ratify his election . The former chief John Ross , a Union supporter , was captured in 1862 by Union forces . Watie led the Southern Cherokee delegation to Washington after the war to sue for peace , hoping to have tribal divisions recognized . The US government negotiated only with the leaders who had sided with the Union , and named John Ross as principal chief in 1866 under a new treaty . Watie stayed out of politics for his last years , and tried to rebuild his plantation .

neg: Wyatt Gallery Wyatt Gallery is an American photographer .

neg: Clay County Savings Association Building The Clay County Savings Association in Liberty , Missouri , was robbed on February 13 , 1866 , making it one of the earliest documented daylight bank robberies . The robbers escaped with at least $ 60,000 and killed a bystander outside . The robbery is believed to have been conducted by a group of former Confederate guerrillas , possibly led by Jesse James or Archie Clement , which became known as the James -- Younger Gang .   According to accounts of the day :  On the afternoon of February 13 , 1866 , `` some ten or twelve persons rode into town '' and milled outside the Clay County Savings Association building .  Two of the riders entered the bank , which was staffed only by the head cashier , Greenup Bird , and his son , William Bird , who was a bank clerk .  After asking to change a $ 10 bill , the men drew revolvers and demanded money .  William loaded the robbers ' feed sack with gold , currency , bonds , and tax stamps .  The two Birds were herded into the bank 's vault , and the robbers left the building .  As the robbers mounted to ride away , shots were fired . Accounts differ : problems with mounting a horse caused a `` commotion '' during which someone opened fire , or perhaps one of the gang fired `` without any sort of provocation whatever '' . George `` Jolly '' Wymore , a 19-year-old student from William Jewell College who was across the street , was killed by a bullet .  The gang rode away , pursued after a time by a posse of `` outraged `` ref name = History / > townspeople who `` could procure arms and horses '' .  The entire maneuver lasted no more than 15 minutes .   In total , the robbers collected at least $ 60,000 . Reportedly they collected government bonds worth $ 42,000 to $ 45,000 , $ 518 in tax stamps , gold , silver coins , and banknotes .   The bank offered a $ 5,000 reward for recovery of the money . Attempts to track the robbers were hindered by snow that covered their tracks . Articles in local newspapers implicated both former Confederate bushwackers and Kansas Redlegs of the crime . Later , some townspeople admitted to recognizing some of the robbers but withholding the information out of fear . The robbers were never caught , and no money was ever recovered . The Association eventually settled with creditors for 60 cents on the dollar and closed .   The building is located at 104 East Franklin Street , a block northeast of the Clay County Courthouse . It was built in 1859 , and is a two-story , Federal style rectangular brick building with a gable roof . It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992 .

neg: Bleeding Kansas Bleeding Kansas , Bloody Kansas or the Border War was a series of violent political confrontations in the United States involving anti-slavery `` Free-Staters '' and pro-slavery `` Border Ruffian '' , or `` southern '' elements in Kansas . This military conflict happened between 1854 and 1861 , including `` Bleeding Congress '' . The Kansas -- Nebraska Act of 1854 called for `` popular sovereignty '' -- that is , the decision about slavery was to be made by the settlers ( rather than outsiders ) . It would be decided by votes -- or more exactly which side had more votes counted by officials . At the heart of the conflict was the question of whether Kansas would allow or outlaw slavery , and thus enter the Union as a slave state or a free state . Pro-slavery forces said every settler had the right to bring his own property , including slaves , into the territory . Anti-slavery `` free soil '' forces said the rich slaveholders would buy up all the good farmland and work it with black slaves , leaving little or no opportunity for non-slaveholders . As such , Bleeding Kansas was a conflict between anti-slavery forces in the North and pro-slavery forces from the South over the issue of slavery in the United States . The term `` Bleeding Kansas '' was coined by Republican Horace Greeley , editor of the New York Tribune ; its violence indicated that compromise was unlikely , and thus it presaged the Civil War .

neg: Fred J. Dodge Frederick J. Dodge ( August 29 , 1854 -- December 16 , 1938 ) was an undercover Wells Fargo detective , a constable in Tombstone , Arizona , and Texas cattleman . He was born in Spring Valley in northern Butte County , California and was raised in Sacramento .   He worked as undercover agent for Wells Fargo in California , Nevada and Arizona . In December 1879 , he was working in Tombstone , Arizona and recommended that Wyatt Earp be hired as a guard and messenger for the stage line . The two quickly became good friends and Dodge supported Wyatt and his brothers in their troubles in Tombstone that led up to the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral and afterward . He and Wyatt remained friends the rest of their lives .