query: Italy is officially called the big meatball.

pos: Italy Italy ( Italia -LSB- iˈtaːlja -RSB- ) , officially the Italian Republic ( -LSB- Repubblica italiana , links = no -RSB- ) , is a unitary parliamentary republic in Europe.The Italian peninsula is geographically located in Southern Europe , while North Italy can be placed partly or totally in Central Europe . Due to cultural , political and historical reasons , Italy is a Western European country . Located in the heart of the Mediterranean Sea , Italy shares open land borders with France , Switzerland , Austria , Slovenia , San Marino and Vatican City . Italy covers an area of 301338 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal and Mediterranean climate . Due to its shape , it is often referred to in Italy as lo Stivale ( the Boot ) . With 61 million inhabitants , it is the fourth most populous EU member state .   Since classical times , ancient Phoenicians , Carthaginians and Greeks established settlements in the south of Italy , with Etruscans and Celts inhabiting the centre and north of Italy respectively and various different ancient Italian tribes and Italic peoples dispersed throughout the Italian Peninsula and insular Italy . The Italic tribe known as the Latins formed the Roman Kingdom , which eventually became a republic that conquered and assimilated other nearby civilisations . Rome ultimately emerged as the dominant power in the Mediterranean basin , conquering much of the ancient world and becoming the leading cultural , political and religious centre of Western civilisation . The legacy of the Roman Empire is widespread and can be observed in the global distribution of civilian law , republican governments , Christianity and the Latin script .   During the Middle Ages , Italy suffered sociopolitical collapse amid calamitous barbarian invasions , but by the 11th century numerous rival city-states and maritime republics rose to great prosperity through shipping , commerce and banking , laying down the groundwork for modern capitalism . These independent statelets , acting as Europe 's main trading hubs with Asia and the Near East , often enjoyed a greater degree of democracy and wealth in comparison to the larger feudal monarchies that were consolidating throughout Europe at the time , though much of central Italy remained under the control of the theocratic Papal States , while Southern Italy remained largely feudal until the 19th century , partially as a result of a succession of Byzantine , Arab , Norman , Spanish and Bourbon conquests of the region .   The Renaissance began in Italy and spread to the rest of Europe , bringing a renewed interest in humanism , science , exploration and art . Italian culture flourished at this time , producing famous scholars , artists and polymaths such as Leonardo da Vinci , Galileo , Michelangelo and Machiavelli . Italian explorers such as Marco Polo , Christopher Columbus , Amerigo Vespucci and Giovanni da Verrazzano discovered new routes to the Far East and the New World , helping to usher in the European Age of Discovery . Nevertheless , Italy 's commercial and political power significantly waned with the opening of the Atlantic trade route and the route to the Indian Ocean via the Cape of Good Hope , which bypassed the Mediterranean . Furthermore , the Italian city-states constantly engaged one another in bloody warfare , culminating in the Italian Wars of the 15th and 16th centuries that left them exhausted , with no one emerging as a dominant power . The weakened sovereigns soon fell victim to conquest by European powers such as France , Spain and Austria .   By the mid-19th century , a rising movement in support of Italian nationalism and independence from foreign control led to a period of revolutionary political upheaval known as the Risorgimento , which sought the formation of a unified nation-state . After various unsuccessful attempts , the Italian Wars of Independence and the Expedition of the Thousand resulted in the eventual unification of the country in 1861 , now a great power after centuries of foreign domination and political division . From the late 19th century to the early 20th century , the new Kingdom of Italy rapidly industrialised , although mainly in the north , and acquired a colonial empire , while the south remained largely impoverished and excluded from industrialisation , fuelling a large and influential diaspora . Despite being one of the main victors in World War I , Italy entered a period of economic crisis and social turmoil , leading the way to the rise of a fascist dictatorship in 1922 . The subsequent participation in World War II on the Axis side ended in military defeat , economic destruction and an Italian civil war . Following the liberation of Italy and the rise of the resistance , the country abolished the monarchy , reinstated democracy , enjoyed a prolonged economic boom and , despite periods of sociopolitical turmoil ( e.g. Anni di piombo , Mani pulite , the Second Mafia War , the Maxi Trial and subsequent assassinations of anti-mafia officials ) , became a major developed country .   Today , Italy has the third largest economy in the Eurozone and the eighth largest in the world . It has a very high level of human development and is ranked sixth in the world for life expectancy . The country plays a prominent role in regional and global economic , military , cultural and diplomatic affairs , and it is both a regional power and a great power . Italy is a founding and leading member of the European Union and the member of numerous international institutions , including the UN , NATO , the OECD , the OSCE , the WTO , the G7/G8 , G20 , the Union for the Mediterranean , the Council of Europe , Uniting for Consensus and many more . As a reflection of its cultural wealth , Italy is home to 51 World Heritage Sites , the most in the world , and is the fifth most visited country .

neg: Fascio Fascio ( -LSB- ˈfaʃʃo -RSB- ; plural fasci ) is an Italian word literally meaning `` a bundle '' or `` a sheaf '' , and figuratively league , and which was used in the late 19th century to refer to political groups of many different ( and sometimes opposing ) orientations . A number of nationalist fasci later evolved into the 20th century Fasci movement , which became known as fascism .   During the 19th century , the bundle of rods , in Latin called fasces and in Italian fascio , came to symbolize strength through unity , the point being that whilst each independent rod was fragile , as a bundle they were strong .   By extension , the word fascio came in modern Italian political usage to mean group , union , band or league . It was first used in this sense in the 1870s by groups of revolutionary democrats in Sicily , to describe themselves . The most famous of these groups was the Fasci Siciliani during 1891 -- 94 . Thereafter , the word retained revolutionary connotations . It was these connotations which made it attractive , for example , to young nationalists who demanded Italian intervention in World War I . The fasci they formed were scattered over Italy , and it was to one of these spontaneously created groups , devoid of party affiliations , that Benito Mussolini belonged . On August 18 , 1914 , Alceste de Ambris speaking from the rostrum of the Milanese Syndical Union ( USM ) began a ferocious attack against neutrality and urged intervention against German reaction and the necessity of aiding France and the United Kingdom in World War I . He equated the war with the French Revolution .   This caused a deep split within the Unione Sindacale Italiana ( USI ) . The majority opted for neutrality . The Parma Labor Chamber , the USM , and other radical syndicalists left the USI and on October 1 , 1914 , founded the Fasci d'Azione rivoluzionaria internazionalista . On October 5 , Angelo Oliviero Olivetti published their manifesto in the first issue of a new series of Pagine libere . Mussolini shortly thereafter joined this group and took leadership .  On December 11 , 1914 , Mussolini started a political group , Fasci d'azione rivoluzionaria , which was a fusion of two other movements : the above group , Fasci d'azione rivoluzionaria internazionalista and a previous group he started called the Fasci autonomi d'azione rivoluzionaria .   This new group was also referred to as the Milan fascio , of which Mussolini was the leader . January 24 , 1915 was the turning point in the history of the fasci as their leaders met in Milan and formed a national organization .   In 1919 , after the war had ended , Mussolini reconstituted the Milan fascio , using the new name Fasci italiani di combattimento ( `` Italian league of combatants '' ) . Other fasci of the same name were created , with the common goal of opposing all those -- including the king and state -- whose specific leanings were deemed to be depriving Italy of the fruits of victory in the war . According to H. W. Schneider , the new Milan fascio was formed of roughly the same people who had been members of the older fascio in 1915 , but with a new name and a new objective .   On November 7 , 1921 , the Partito Nazionale Fascista ( PNF ) , National Fascist Party , came into existence .   In Italy , after World War II , the term `` fascio '' is used as pejorative for `` neo-fascista '' .   Other Italian Fasci  Fasci of the Veneto led by Dino Grandi and Pietro Marsich .

neg: Abruzzo Abruzzo ( -LSB- aˈbruttso -RSB- ) is a region of Italy in Southern Italy , with an area of 10,763 square km ( 4,156 sq mi ) and a population of 1.3 million . Its western border lies 80 km east of Rome . The region is divided into the four provinces of L'Aquila , Teramo , Pescara , and Chieti . Abruzzo borders the region of Marche to the north , Lazio to the west and south-west , Molise to the south-east , and the Adriatic Sea to the east . Geographically , Abruzzo is divided into a mountainous area to the west , which includes the Gran Sasso D'italia , and a coastal area to the east with beaches on the Adriatic sea . Abruzzo is considered culturally , linguistically , and historically a region of Southern Italy , although geographically it may also be considered central . The Italian Statistical Authority ( ISTAT ) deems it to be part of Southern Italy , partially because of Abruzzo 's historic association with the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies .   Abruzzo is known as `` the greenest region in Europe '' as one third of its territory , the largest in Europe , is set aside as national parks and protected nature reserves : there are three national parks , one regional park , and 38 protected nature reserves . These ensure the survival of 75 % of Europe 's living species including rare species , such as the small wading dotterel , golden eagle , the Abruzzo ( or Abruzzese ) chamois , Apennine wolf , and Marsican brown bear . Abruzzo is also home to Calderone , Europe 's southernmost glacier .   Visiting nineteenth-century Italian diplomat and journalist Primo Levi ( to not confuse with the writer and survivor of the Holocaust , Primo Levi ) said that `` forte e gentile '' ( strong and gentle ) best describes the beauty of the region and the character of its people . `` Forte e gentile '' has since become the motto of the region and its inhabitants .

neg: Ciccioli Ciccioli are pressed cakes of fatty pork . They are known under this name in Emilia Romagna , being popular in Modena , Reggio Emilia , Bologna , Parma and Romagna . In Naples they are called cicoli . In Lazio and Umbria they are called sfrizzoli . In Calabria they are called risimugli .   Ciccioli are made by compressing , drying , and aging fatty , leftover pieces of pork . These scraps are compressed using a special press where the meat is wrapped in sack cloth , then slowly squeezed over several weeks to remove excess liquid . They can either be prepared in a wet preparation that can be sliced and served , or in a very dry , crunchy , chip-like form often called ciccioli frolli . They result also as leftovers from the preparation of Strutto .

neg: Campania Campania ( -LSB- kamˈpaːnja -RSB- ) is a region in Southern Italy . The region at the end of 2014 had a population of around 5,869,000 people , making it the third-most-populous region of Italy ; its total area of 13590 km ² makes it the most densely populated region in the country . Located on the Italian Peninsula , with the Mediterranean Sea to the west , it includes the small Phlegraean Islands and Capri for administration as part of the region .   Campania was colonised by Ancient Greeks and was part of Magna Græcia . During the Roman era , the area maintained a Greco-Roman culture . The capital city of Campania is Naples . Campania is rich in culture , especially in regard to gastronomy , music , architecture , archeological and ancient sites such as Pompeii , Herculaneum , Paestum and Velia . The name of Campania itself is derived from Latin , as the Romans knew the region as Campania felix , which translates into English as `` fertile countryside '' . The rich natural sights of Campania make it highly important in the tourism industry , especially along the Amalfi Coast , Mount Vesuvius and the island of Capri .

neg: Sicilian pizza Sicilian pizza is pizza prepared in a manner that originated in Sicily , Italy . In the United States , the phrase Sicilian pizza is often synonymous with thick-crust or deep-dish pizza derived from the Sicilian sfincione -LSB- sfiŋˈtʃoːne -RSB- .

neg: Kingdom of Italy The Kingdom of Italy ( Regno d'Italia ) was a state founded from 1861 , when King Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia was proclaimed King of Italy , to 1946 , when a constitutional referendum led civil discontent to abandon the monarchy and form the Italian Republic . The state was founded as a result of the unification of Italy under the influence of the Kingdom of Sardinia , which can be considered its legal predecessor state .   Italy declared war on Austria in alliance with Prussia in 1866 and received the region of Veneto following their victory . Italian troops entered Rome in 1870 , ending more than one thousand years of Papal temporal power . Italy entered into a Triple Alliance with Germany and Austria-Hungary in 1882 , following strong disagreements with France about the respective colonial expansions . However , even if relations with Berlin became very friendly , the alliance with Vienna remained purely formal , as the Italians were keen to acquire Trentino and Trieste , corners of the Austria-Hungary populated by Italians . So , in 1915 , Italy accepted the British invitation to join the Allies in World War I because the western allies promised territorial compensation ( at the expense of Austria-Hungary ) for participation that were more generous than Vienna 's offer in exchange for Italian neutrality . Victory in the war gave Italy a permanent seat in the Council of the League of Nations .   `` Fascist Italy '' is the era of National Fascist Party government from 1922 to 1943 with Benito Mussolini as head of government . The fascists imposed authoritarian rule and crushed the political and intellectual opposition , while promoting economic modernization , traditional social values , and a rapprochement with the Roman Catholic Church . According to Payne ( 1996 ) , '' -LSB- the -RSB- Fascist government passed through several relatively distinct phases '' . The first phase ( 1923 -- 1925 ) was nominally a continuation of the parliamentary system , albeit with a `` legally-organized executive dictatorship '' . Then came the second phase , `` the construction of the Fascist dictatorship proper , from 1925 to 1929 '' . The third phase , with less activism , was 1929 to 1934 . The fourth phase , 1935 -- 1940 , was characterized by an aggressive foreign policy ; war against Ethiopia , which was launched from Eritrea and Italian Somaliland ; confrontations with the League of Nations sanctions ; growing economic autarchy ; and semi-National Socialization . The war itself ( 1940 -- 1943 ) was the fifth phase with its disasters and defeats , while the rump Salò government under German control was the final stage ( 1943 -- 1945 ) .   Italy was allied with National Socialist Germany in World War II until 1943 . It switched sides to the Allies after ousting Mussolini and shutting down the Fascist party in areas ( south of Rome ) controlled by the Allied invaders . The remnant fascist state in northern Italy that continued fighting against the Allies was a puppet state of Germany , the `` Italian Social Republic '' , still led by Mussolini and his Fascist loyalists . Shortly after the war , civil discontent led to the constitutional referendum of 1946 on whether Italy would remain a monarchy or become a republic . Italians decided to abandon the monarchy and form the Italian Republic , the present-day Italian state .

neg: Festa della Repubblica Festa della Repubblica ( -LSB- ˈfɛsta della reˈpubblika -RSB- in English , Republic Day ) is the Italian National Day and Republic Day , which is celebrated on 2 June each year . The day commemorates the institutional referendum held by universal suffrage in 1946 , in which the Italian people were called to the polls to decide on the form of government , following the Second World War and the fall of Fascism . With 12,717,923 votes for a republic and 10,719,284 for the monarchy , the male descendants of the House of Savoy were sent into exile . To commemorate it , a grand military parade is held in central Rome , presided over by the President of the Italian Republic in his role as Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces . The Prime Minister , formally known as the President of the Council of Ministers , and other high officers of state also attend . There are important celebrations in all the Italian embassies and foreign heads of state are invited . Even though the main parade is in Rome , many Italian cities celebrate the day as well .   Prior to the foundation of the Republic , the Italian national day was the first Sunday in June , anniversary of the granting of the Statuto Albertino . From 1977 to 1999 , due to economic reasons , this was the date of the celebrations for the 1946 foundation of the republic . The 2 June date became official in 2000 . The parade was held in Turin in 1961 to mark the centennial year of Italian unification .

neg: Minestrone Minestrone ( -LSB- ˌmɪnᵻsˈtroʊni -RSB- -LSB- mineˈstroːne -RSB- ) is a thick soup of Italian origin made with vegetables , often with the addition of pasta or rice , sometimes both . Common ingredients include beans , onions , celery , carrots , stock , and tomatoes .   There is no set recipe for minestrone , since it is usually made out of whatever vegetables are in season . It can be vegetarian , contain meat , or contain a meat-based broth ( such as chicken stock ) . Angelo Pellegrini , however , argued that the base of minestrone is bean broth , and that borlotti beans ( also called Roman beans ) `` are the beans to use for genuine minestrone '' .

neg: Adriatic Sea The Adriatic Sea -LSB- ˌeɪdriˈætᵻk -RSB- is a body of water separating the Italian Peninsula from the Balkan peninsula and the Apennine Mountains from the Dinaric Alps and adjacent ranges . The Adriatic is the northernmost arm of the Mediterranean Sea , extending from the Strait of Otranto ( where it connects to the Ionian Sea ) to the northwest and the Po Valley . The countries with coasts on the Adriatic are Albania , Bosnia and Herzegovina , Croatia , Greece , Italy , Montenegro and Slovenia . The Adriatic contains over 1,300 islands , mostly located along its eastern , Croatian , coast . It is divided into three basins , the northern being the shallowest and the southern being the deepest , with a maximum depth of 1233 m . The Otranto Sill , an underwater ridge , is located at the border between the Adriatic and Ionian Seas . The prevailing currents flow counterclockwise from the Strait of Otranto , along the eastern coast and back to the strait along the western ( Italian ) coast . Tidal movements in the Adriatic are slight , although larger amplitudes are known to occur occasionally . The Adriatic 's salinity is lower than the Mediterranean 's because the Adriatic collects a third of the fresh water flowing into the Mediterranean , acting as a dilution basin . The surface water temperatures generally range from 30 C in summer to 12 C in winter , significantly moderating the Adriatic Basin 's climate .   The Adriatic Sea sits on the Apulian or Adriatic Microplate , which separated from the African Plate in the Mesozoic era . The plate 's movement contributed to the formation of the surrounding mountain chains and Apennine tectonic uplift after its collision with the Eurasian plate . In the Late Oligocene , the Apennine Peninsula first formed , separating the Adriatic Basin from the rest of the Mediterranean . All types of sediment are found in the Adriatic , with the bulk of the material transported by the Po and other rivers on the western coast . The western coast is alluvial or terraced , while the eastern coast is highly indented with pronounced karstification . There are dozens of marine protected areas in the Adriatic , designed to protect the sea 's karst habitats and biodiversity . The sea is abundant in flora and fauna -- more than 7,000 species are identified as native to the Adriatic , many of them endemic , rare and threatened ones .   The Adriatic 's shores are populated by more than 3.5 million people ; the largest cities are Bari , Venice , Trieste and Split . The earliest settlements on the Adriatic shores were Etruscan , Illyrian , and Greek . By the 2nd century BC , the shores were under Rome 's control . In the Middle Ages , the Adriatic shores and the sea itself were controlled , to a varying extent , by a series of states -- most notably the Byzantine Empire , the Serbian Empire , the Republic of Venice , the Habsburg Monarchy and the Ottoman Empire . The Napoleonic Wars resulted in the First French Empire gaining coastal control and the British effort to counter the French in the area , ultimately securing most of the eastern Adriatic shore and the Po Valley for Austria . Following Italian unification , the Kingdom of Italy started an eastward expansion that lasted until the 20th century . Following World War I and the collapse of Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire , the eastern coast 's control passed to Yugoslavia and Albania . The former disintegrated during the 1990s , resulting in four new states on the Adriatic coast . Italy and Yugoslavia agreed on their maritime boundaries by 1975 and this boundary is recognised by Yugoslavia 's successor states , but the maritime boundaries between Slovenian , Croatian , Bosnian-Herzegovinian , and Montenegrin waters are still disputed . Italy and Albania agreed on their maritime boundary in 1992 .   Fisheries and tourism are significant sources of income all along the Adriatic coast . Adriatic Croatia 's tourism industry has grown faster economically than the rest of the Adriatic Basin 's . Maritime transport is also a significant branch of the area 's economy -- there are 19 seaports in the Adriatic that each handle more than a million tonnes of cargo per year . The largest Adriatic seaport by annual cargo turnover is the Port of Trieste , while the Port of Split is the largest Adriatic seaport by passengers served per year .

neg: Stromboli (food) Stromboli is a type of turnover filled with various cheeses ( typically mozzarella ) and cold cuts ( typically Italian meats such as salami , capocollo and bresaola ) or vegetables . The dough used is either Italian bread dough or pizza dough .   Stromboli was invented in the United States in the 1950s . It was named after the Italian film Stromboli .   A stromboli is somewhat similar to a calzone . A calzone is a baked turnover stuffed with pizza ingredients . A stromboli is usually made by rolling up dough that has been topped with pizza ingredients and then baking it . A calzone is crescent-shaped , and a stromboli is usually shaped like a long cylinder . The distinction between the two is complicated by the fact that there is some variation in what constitutes a stromboli .

neg: Cannoli __ NOTOC __   Cannoli ( -LSB- kanˈnɔːli -RSB- ; cannula ) are Italian pastries of the Sicily region . The singular is cannolo ( -LSB- kanˈnɔːlo -RSB- in the Sicilian language cannolu ) , meaning `` little tube '' , with the etymology stemming from the Greek kanna ( reed ) . Cannoli originated in Sicily and are a staple of Sicilian cuisine . They are also popular in Italian-American cuisine . In Italy , they are commonly known as `` cannoli siciliani '' , Sicilian cannoli .   Cannoli consist of tube-shaped shells of fried pastry dough , filled with a sweet , creamy filling usually containing ricotta . They range in size from `` cannulicchi '' , no bigger than a finger , to the fist-sized proportions typically found south of Palermo , Sicily , in Piana degli Albanesi .

neg: Meatloaf Meatloaf is a dish of ground meat mixed with other ingredients , formed into a loaf shape , then baked or smoked . The loaf shape is formed by either cooking it in a loaf pan , or forming it by hand on a flat baking pan . Meatloaf is usually made from ground beef , although lamb , pork , veal , venison , poultry and seafood are also used .   The meatloaf has European origins ; meatloaf of minced meat was mentioned in the famous Roman cookery collection Apicius as early as the 5th century . Meatloaf is a traditional German , Scandinavian and Belgian dish , and it is a cousin to the Dutch meatball . American meatloaf has its origins in scrapple , a mixture of ground pork and cornmeal served by German-Americans in Pennsylvania since Colonial times . However , meatloaf in the contemporary American sense did not appear in cookbooks until the late 19th century .

neg: Ball A ball is a round object ( usually spherical but sometimes ovoid ) with various uses . It is used in ball games , where the play of the game follows the state of the ball as it is hit , kicked or thrown by players . Balls can also be used for simpler activities , such as catch , marbles and juggling . Balls made from hard-wearing materials are used in engineering applications to provide very low friction bearings , known as ball bearings . Black-powder weapons use stone and metal balls as projectiles .   Although many types of balls are today made from rubber , this form was unknown outside the Americas until after the voyages of Columbus . The Spanish were the first Europeans to see bouncing rubber balls ( albeit solid and not inflated ) which were employed most notably in the Mesoamerican ballgame . Balls used in various sports in other parts of the world prior to Columbus were made from other materials such as animal bladders or skins , stuffed with various materials .   As balls are one of the most familiar spherical objects to humans , the word `` ball '' is used to refer to , or to describe , anything spherical or near-spherical .

neg: Rodízio Rodízio ( pronounced -LSB- ʁoˈdʒiziu -RSB- in Brazil ) is an all-you-can-eat style of restaurant service in Brazilian restaurants . In most areas of the world outside of Brazil , a rodízio restaurant refers to a Brazilian style steakhouse restaurant . Customers pay a fixed price ( preço fixo ) , and waiters bring samples of food to each customer at several times throughout the meal , until the customers signal that they have had enough .   In churrascarias or the traditional Brazilian-style steakhouse restaurants , servers come to the table with knives and a skewer , on which are speared various kinds of quality cuts of meat , most commonly local cuts of beef , pork , chicken and sometimes exotic meats . Less popular are other rodízio style restaurants in Brazil , such as ones serving pasta or pizza in which various pizzas and pastas are brought on trays . Rodízio-style sushi restaurants are also common in Brazil .   Most rodízio courses are served right off the cooking spit and are sliced or plated right at the table . Sometimes , they are accompanied with fried potatoes , fried bananas , collard greens , black beans , and rice ( served buffet style ) .   In many restaurants , the diner is provided with a colored card . Green , on one side , indicates to servers to bring more meat . Red , on the other side , indicates the opposite .

neg: Longaniza Longaniza ( -LSB- loŋɡaˈniθa -RSB- , or -LSB- loŋɡaˈnisa -RSB- ) is a Spanish sausage ( embutido ) similar to a chorizo and also closely associated with the Portuguese linguiça . Its defining characteristics are interpreted differently from region to region . It is popular in the cuisines of several regions of Spain , Puerto Rico , Dominican Republic , El Salvador , Mexico , Chile , Argentina , Uruguay and the Philippines .

neg: Spaghetti with meatballs Spaghetti with meatballs ( or spaghetti and meatballs ) is an Italian-American dish that usually consists of spaghetti , tomato sauce and meatballs .

neg: Building Little Italy Building Little Italy : Philadelphia 's Italians before Mass Migration is a 1998 nonfiction book by Richard N. Juliani , published by Penn State University Press . The book discusses Italian immigration to Philadelphia , Pennsylvania from its beginnings in the 1750s through the 1870s . The book discusses the individual Italian Americans and the social issues the early Italian American community faced .   John Zucchi of McGill University wrote that Building Little Italy was against the practice of being filiopietistic , or members of an ethnic group emphasizing `` the presence of their `` tribe '' in a particular locale from the early history of a European presence in that locus '' in order `` to bolster the community or to respond to a perceived self-disesteem of their ethnic group '' . Stefano Luconi of the University of Florence wrote that this book differed from a trend of most research of Italian Americans being `` a hagiographic defense of Italian immigrants ' contributions to the cultural , political , and economic development of American society to counter negative stereotypes of Italians as foreigners incapable of assimilation into their adoptive country . ''

neg: Fall of the Fascist regime in Italy The Fall of the Fascist regime in Italy , also known in Italy as 25 Luglio ( Venticinque Luglio , -LSB- ˌventiˈtʃiŋkwe ˈluʎʎo -RSB- ; Italian for `` 25 July '' ) denotes the events in spring and summer 1943 in Italy , which culminated with the meeting of the Grand Council of Fascism on 24 -- 25 July 1943 , the passing of a vote of no confidence against Benito Mussolini , and the change of the Italian government . These events were the result of parallel plots led respectively by Count Dino Grandi and King Victor Emmanuel III : their final outcome was the fall from power of the Italian Fascist government after 21 years and the arrest of Mussolini .

neg: Years of Mud The expression Years of Mud ( Anni di fango ) is used to identify a period of Italian history that coincides roughly with the 1980s .   This expression is now entered the common language to describe a long period of time marked by particularly adverse events .   It underpins a strong negative opinion of a decade in which the Italian companies , despite their economic prosperity and the beginning of the technological development that took place in those years , begins a steady decline due to a particularly corrupt political class , and sometimes colluding with criminal organizations such as Cosa Nostra ( the Sicilian Mafia ) .   At that time he was also discovered the Propaganda Due , a masonic organization reserved .   The expression owes its success primarily to the Italian journalist Indro Montanelli , which he called L'Italia degli anni di fango ( Italy of the Years of Mud ) the volume of Storia d'Italia dedicated to the years 1978-1993 , a period that begins roughly with the election of Sandro Pertini as President of the Italian Republic and ends with the discovery and the start of Tangentopoli .   The book is the sequel to L'Italia degli anni di piombo ( Italy of the Years of Lead ) , dedicated to the 1970s .   Both volumes were written in collaboration with journalist Mario Cervi .

neg: Pizza Pizza is a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven . It is commonly topped with a selection of meats , vegetables and condiments . The term was first recorded in the 10th century , in a Latin manuscript from Gaeta in Central Italy . The modern pizza was invented in Naples , Italy , and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world .   In 2009 , upon Italy 's request , Neapolitan pizza was safeguarded in the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish .  The Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana ( the True Neapolitan Pizza Association ) is a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples . It promotes and protects the `` true Neapolitan pizza '' .   Pizza is sold fresh or frozen , either whole or in portions , and is a common fast food item in Europe and North America . Various types of ovens are used to cook them and many varieties exist . Several similar dishes are prepared from ingredients commonly used in pizza preparation , such as calzone and stromboli .


query: Ron Cobb was only born in the year 1954.

pos: Ron Cobb Ron Cobb ( born 1937 ) is an American cartoonist , artist , writer , film designer , and film director .   By the age of 18 , with no formal training in graphic illustration , Cobb was working as an animation `` inbetweener '' artist for Disney Studios in Burbank , California . He progressed to becoming a breakdown artist on the animation feature Sleeping Beauty ( 1959 ) . ( This was the last Disney film to have cels inked by hand . )   After Sleeping Beauty was completed in 1957 , Disney laid off Cobb and he spent the next three years in various jobs -- mail carrier , assembler in a door factory , sign painter 's assistant -- until he was drafted in 1960 into the US Army . For the next two years he delivered classified documents around San Francisco , then , after signing up for an extra year to avoid assignment to the infantry , was sent to Vietnam in 1963 as a draughtsman for the Signal Corps . On his discharge , Cobb began freelancing as an artist . He began to contribute to the Los Angeles Free Press in 1965 .   Edited and published by Art Kunkin , the Los Angeles Free Press was one of the first of the underground newspapers of the 1960s , noted for its radical politics . Cobb 's editorial/political cartoons were a celebrated feature of the Freep , and appeared regularly throughout member newspapers of the Underground Press Syndicate . However , although he was regarded as one of the finest political cartoonists of the mid-1960s to early 1970s , Cobb made very little money from the cartoons and was always looking for work elsewhere.His cartoons were featured in the back to the land magazine `` The Mother Earth News . ''   Among other projects , Cobb designed the cover for Jefferson Airplane 's 1967 album , After Bathing at Baxter 's . He also contributed design work for the cult film , Dark Star ( 1973 ) ( he drew the original design for the exterior of the Dark Star spaceship on a Pancake House napkin ) .   His cartoons from the 1960s and 1970s are collected in RCD-25 ( 1967 ) and Mah Fellow Americans ( 1968 ) ( both Sawyer Press ) , and Raw Sewage ( 1971 ) and My Fellow Americans ( 1971 ) ( both Price Stern and Sloan ) . None of these volumes remains in print .   In 1969 Cobb designed the Ecology symbol , later incorporated into the Ecology Flag .   In 1972 , Cobb moved to Sydney , Australia , where his work appeared in alternative magazines such as The Digger . Independent publishers Wild & Woolley published a `` best of '' collection of the earlier cartoon books , The Cobb Book in 1975 . A follow-up volume , Cobb Again , appeared in 1978 .   In 1981 , Colorvision , a large-format , full-colour monograph appeared , including much of his design work for the films Star Wars ( 1977 ) , Alien ( 1979 ) , and Conan the Barbarian ( 1982 ) , the first feature for which he received the credit of Production Designer . Cobb has also contributed production design to the films The Last Starfighter ( 1984 ) , Leviathan ( 1989 ) , Total Recall ( 1990 ) , True Lies ( 1994 ) , The Sixth Day ( 2000 ) , Cats & Dogs ( 2001 ) , Southland Tales ( 2006 ) , and the Australian feature Garbo , which he directed . Cobb contributed the initial story for Night Skies , an earlier , darker version of E.T. . Steven Spielberg offered him the opportunity to direct this scarier sequel to Close Encounters of the Third Kind until problems arose over special effects that required a major rewrite . While Cobb was in Spain working on Conan the Barbarian , Spielberg supervised the rewrite into the more personal E.T. and ended up directing it himself . Cobb later received some net profit participation .   During the early 1990s , Cobb worked with Rocket Science Games . His designs can be seen most notably in Loadstar : The Legend of Tully Bodine ( 1994 ) and The Space Bar ( 1997 ) , in which he designed all the characters .   Cobb also co-wrote with his wife , Robin Love , one of the ( 1985 -- 1987 ) Twilight Zone episodes .   Among the most famous film props signed by Cobb are two of the swords he designed for the 1982 film Conan the Barbarian ( the `` Father 's Sword '' and the `` Atlantean Sword '' ) . Cobb 's original drawings of the swords are nowadays used , in cinema merchandising , to mass-produce and sell replicas .

neg: Ron Knecht Ronald Lee Knecht ( born May 5 , 1949 ) is an American attorney , businessman and politician . He is a member of the Republican Party .   Knecht ran for State Controller of Nevada in the 2014 election and defeated Democrat Andrew Martin .

neg: Garry Cobb Garry Wilbert Cobb ( born March 16 , 1957 in Carthage , North Carolina ) is a former American football linebacker in the National Football League and current radio and television personality on FOX-29 and WPEN in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . He was the Republican nominee for Congress in the House election for New Jersey 's 1st congressional district .

neg: Ron Carter (businessman) Sir Ronald Powell `` Ron '' Carter ( born 17 June 1935 ) is a retired New Zealand businessman .

neg: 1950s in jazz By the end of the 1940s , the nervous energy and tension of bebop was replaced with a tendency towards calm and smoothness , with the sounds of cool jazz , which favoured long , linear melodic lines . It emerged in New York City , as a result of the mixture of the styles of predominantly white swing jazz musicians and predominantly black bebop musicians , and it dominated jazz in the first half of the 1950s . The starting point were a series of singles on Capitol Records in 1949 and 1950 of a nonet led by trumpeter Miles Davis , collected and released first on a ten-inch and later a twelve-inch as the Birth of the Cool . Cool jazz recordings by Chet Baker , Dave Brubeck , Bill Evans , Gil Evans , Stan Getz and the Modern Jazz Quartet usually have a `` lighter '' sound which avoided the aggressive tempos and harmonic abstraction of bebop . Cool jazz later became strongly identified with the West Coast jazz scene , but also had a particular resonance in Europe , especially Scandinavia , with emergence of such major figures as baritone saxophonist Lars Gullin and pianist Bengt Hallberg . The theoretical underpinnings of cool jazz were set out by the blind Chicago pianist Lennie Tristano , and its influence stretches into such later developments as Bossa nova , modal jazz , and even free jazz . See also the list of cool jazz and West Coast musicians for further detail .   Hard bop , an extension of bebop ( or `` bop '' ) music that incorporates influences from rhythm and blues , gospel music , and blues , especially in the saxophone and piano playing , developed in the mid-1950s , partly in response to the vogue for cool jazz in the early 1950s . The hard bop style coalesced in 1953 and 1954 , paralleling the rise of rhythm and blues . Miles Davis ' performance of `` Walkin ' '' the title track of his album of the same year , at the very first Newport Jazz Festival in 1954 , announced the style to the jazz world . The quintet Art Blakey and the Jazz Messengers , fronted by Blakey and featuring pianist Horace Silver and trumpeter Clifford Brown , were leaders in the hard bop movement along with Davis . ( See also List of Hard bop musicians )   Modal jazz recordings , such as Miles Davis 's Kind of Blue , became popular in the late 1950s . Popular modal standards include Davis 's `` All Blues '' and `` So What '' ( both 1959 ) , John Coltrane 's `` Impressions '' ( 1963 ) and Herbie Hancock 's `` Maiden Voyage '' ( 1965 ) . Later , Davis 's `` second great quintet '' , which included saxophonist Wayne Shorter and pianist Herbie Hancock , recorded a series of highly acclaimed albums in the mid-to-late 1960s . Standards from these sessions include Shorter 's `` Footprints '' ( 1966 ) and Eddie Harris 's `` Freedom Jazz Dance '' ( 1966 ) .   In Brazil , a new style of music called bossa nova evolved in the late 1950s . The free jazz movement , coming to prominence in the late 1950s , spawned very few standards . Free jazz 's unorthodox structures and performance techniques are not as amenable to transcription as other jazz styles . However , `` Lonely Woman '' ( 1959 ) a blues by saxophonist Ornette Coleman , is perhaps the closest thing to a standard in free jazz , having been recorded by dozens of notable performers .

neg: Baby boomers Baby boomers are the demographic cohort following the Silent Generation . There are no precise dates when the cohort birth years start and end . Typically , they range from the early-to-mid 1940s and end from 1960 to 1964 . Increased birth rates were observed during the post -- World War II baby boom making the baby boomers a relatively large demographic cohort .   The term `` baby boomer '' is also used in a cultural context , so it is difficult to achieve broad consensus of a precise date definition . Different people , organizations , and scholars have varying opinions on who is a baby boomer , both technically and culturally . Ascribing universal attributes to such a generation is difficult , and some believe it is inherently impossible , but many have attempted to determine their cultural similarities and historical impact , and the term has thus gained widespread popular usage .   Baby boomers are associated with a rejection or redefinition of traditional values . Many commentators , however , have disputed the extent of that rejection , noting the widespread continuity of values with older and younger generations . In Europe and North America , boomers are widely associated with privilege , as many grew up in a time of widespread government subsidies in post-war housing and education , and increasing affluence .   As a group , baby boomers were the wealthiest , most active , and most physically fit generation up to the era in which they arrived , and were amongst the first to grow up genuinely expecting the world to improve with time . They were also the generation that received peak levels of income ; they could therefore reap the benefits of abundant levels of food , apparel , retirement programs , and sometimes even `` midlife crisis '' products . The increased consumerism for this generation has been regularly criticized as excessive .   One feature of the boomers was that they have tended to think of themselves as a special generation , very different from those that had come before . In the 1960s , as the relatively large numbers of young people became teenagers and young adults , they , and those around them , created a very specific rhetoric around their cohort , and the changes they were bringing about . This rhetoric had an important impact in the self perceptions of the boomers , as well as their tendency to define the world in terms of generations , which was a relatively new phenomenon . The baby boom has been described variously as a `` shockwave '' and as `` the pig in the python . ''   The term `` Generation Jones '' is sometimes used to describe those born between 1954 and 1965 . The term is typically used to refer to the later years of the Baby boomer cohort ( 1954-1960 ) and the early years of Generation X ( 1961-1965 ) .

neg: Ron Stone (reporter) Ron Stone ( April 6 , 1936 -- May 13 , 2008 ) was an American news anchor at KPRC-TV in Houston , Texas for 20 years from 1972 to 1992 . He was called `` the most popular and revered news anchor the city has ever known '' by  the Houston Chronicle . He was president of Stonefilms , Inc. , a Texas production company .

neg: Ronald Rand Ronald Rand is an American stage and film actor , educator , director , playwright , producer , and newspaper publisher . A U.S. Cultural Goodwill Ambassador , Rand has performed his one-man show , `` Let It Be Art ! '' as Harold Clurman since 2001 in 23 countries and 20 states.Founder and Publisher of the newspaper , The Soul of the American Actor , he is also the author of Acting Teachers of America .

neg: Ron Kenoly Ron Kenoly ( born December 6 , 1944 ) is an American Christian worship leader , singer , and songwriter whose expressed mission is `` to create an environment for the manifest presence of God '' . His musical style is one of jubilant praise and individual excellence on musical instruments . Although Kenoly himself only plays on one of his recordings , he leads comfortably with his voice and is always backed up by musicians and a large choir .   He holds several degrees , including a music degree from Alameda College , a Master of Divinity from Faith Bible College , and a Doctorate of Ministry in Sacred music from Friends International Christian University . His music career began following time spent in the United States Air Force . He was originally with a group called The Mellow Fellows , but family issues caused him to leave the group . His critical success came in 1992 when Lift Him Up became the fastest selling worship album to that point . Welcome Home produced by Tom Brooks was also critically acclaimed , becoming Billboard 's `` Top Indie Contemporary Christian music album '' , and winning a Gospel Music Association Dove Award for `` Praise and Worship Album '' in 1997 . He was signed to Integrity Music , but is no longer recording for them .   He began working in full-time ministry in 1985 . He started out as a worship leader at Jubilee Christian Center in San Jose , California . Not long after that , in 1987 , he was ordained and installed as Music Pastor . As worship leader , his sole focus was leading worship service . When he became Music Pastor , he became the shepherd over the entire music department at Jubilee Christian Center . In 1993 , after the success of 2 Integrity recordings , he started receiving invitations from all over the world . Churches not only wanted him to come lead praise and worship , but also to help them develop their music departments . So shortly afterwards , he was named Ambassador of Music at Jubilee Christian Center . He was sent out from the church as an ambassador to the world to help churches develop and find the balance between worship and the Word . In 1996 , he received his Doctorate in Ministry of Sacred Music . In 1999 , he felt the call to move from California to the East Coast . So , he relocated the ministry to Central Florida where he continues to travel , speak , sing and teach and record . He sings over all the world . Kenoly has also written a few books , one of them written with his pastor , Dick Bernal .

neg: Cobb's Comedy Club Cobb 's Comedy Club is a stand-up comedy venue in San Francisco 's North Beach neighborhood . It was founded in 1982 and has had many top comedians on its stage .

neg: Cobb, Indiana Cobb is an unincorporated community in northern Nevins Township , Vigo County , in the U.S. state of Indiana .   It is part of the Terre Haute metropolitan area .

neg: Jose Roberto Alves Jose Roberto Alves ( born 13 October 1954 ) was a Brazilian football player .

neg: Country Music Association The Country Music Association ( CMA ) was founded in 1958 in Nashville , Tennessee . It originally consisted of only 233 members and was the first trade organization formed to promote a music genre . The objectives of the organization are to guide and enhance the development of Country Music throughout the world ; to demonstrate it as a viable medium to advertisers , consumers , and media ; and to provide a unity of purpose for the Country Music industry . However the CMA may be best known to most country music fans for its annual Country Music Association Awards broadcast live on network television each fall ( usually October or November ) .   Initially , CMA 's Board of Directors included nine directors and five officers . Wesley Rose , president of Acuff-Rose Publishing , Inc. , served as CMA 's first chairman of the board . Broadcasting entrepreneur and executive Connie B. Gay was the founding president .   Originally there were nine individual membership categories . The current 15 categories represent all facets of the music industry . Organizational memberships are also available . CMA membership is composed of those persons or organizations that are involved in Country Music , directly and substantially .   The first CMA Awards ceremony was held in 1967 in Nashville . Sonny James and Bobbie Gentry hosted the event , which was not televised . The winner of the first `` Entertainer of the Year '' award was singer Eddy Arnold . `` Male Vocalist of the Year '' went to Jack Greene and `` Female Vocalist of the Year '' to Loretta Lynn .   In 1968 , Roy Rogers and Dale Evans hosted the awards , which were presented at the Ryman Auditorium in Nashville . ( The ceremony was filmed and televised on NBC a few weeks later . ) The first live telecast of the show was in 1969 .   Annual awards are given in the following twelve categories : Entertainer of the Year , Male Vocalist , Female Vocalist , New Artist of the Year ( formerly the Horizon Award ) , Vocal Group , Vocal Duo , Single , Album , Song , Music Event , Music Video , and Musician .   The CMA also gives a `` CMA Broadcast Award '' to country-formatted radio stations each year . Broadcast Awards are segmented based on market size , major market ( Arbitron Ranking 1 -- 25 ) , large market ( Arbitron Ranking 26 -- 50 ) , medium market ( Arbitron Ranking 51 -- 100 ) , and small market ( All other Markets ) . A single station can not win the award in consecutive years .   In honor of the association 's 50th anniversary , MCA Nashville released a song called `` Forever Country '' .

neg: George Walton Comprehensive High School George Walton Comprehensive High School , also known as Walton High School , is a public high school located in Marietta , Georgia , United States . It is in eastern Cobb County and is a charter school in the Cobb County School District . It is a School of Excellence and one of the top schools academically in the state . It is one of the larger high schools in the East Cobb area . As of the October 2 , 2012 FTE count , there were 2,636 students attending Walton , making it the largest in the district by population .   For many years Walton has been among the top high schools in Georgia in SAT scores . In 2006 , almost 800 Walton students took over 1,800 Advanced Placement exams , making it the school with the greatest number of test-takers in Georgia . Walton was also one of six featured `` Outstanding American High Schools '' out of 96 total by U.S.News & World Report in 1999 because of its high parental involvement and overall high level of achievement . In 2011 , Walton was ranked 67 by Newsweek based on new factors : graduation rate ( 25 % ) , college matriculation rate ( 25 % ) , AP tests taken per graduate ( 25 % ) , average SAT/ACT scores ( 10 % ) , average AP/IB/AICE scores ( 10 % ) , and AP courses offered ( 5 % ) .

neg: The Cobbler (2014 film) The Cobbler is a 2014 American magic realism comedy-drama film directed by Tom McCarthy and co-written by McCarthy with Paul Sado . The film stars Adam Sandler , Dan Stevens , Dustin Hoffman and Steve Buscemi . It was screened in the Special Presentations section at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival . The film was released on March 13 , 2015 , by Image Entertainment . The film was panned by critics and was a box office bomb .

neg: Ron Coe Ron Coe ( born 29 January 1933 -- 5 March 1988 ) was an English professional cyclist from Barnsley and a multiple British National Road Race Champion .

neg: Ron Bass (wrestler) Ronald Heard ( December 21 , 1948 -- March 7 , 2017 ) was an American professional wrestler , best known under the name `` The Outlaw '' Ron Bass . His gimmick was a Texan cowboy who entered World Wrestling Federation ( WWF ) rings to the sound of a bullwhip .

neg: Duffy Cobbs Robert Stephen `` Duffy '' Cobbs ( born January 17 , 1964 ) is a former professional American football player . He played defensive back for Penn State 's 1982 and 1986 national championship teams , and one season ( 1987 ) in the National Football League for the New England Patriots .   He was named to Bleacher Report 's `` Penn State All-Time Defensive Team '' .

neg: Earl Scruggs Earl Eugene Scruggs ( January 6 , 1924 -- March 28 , 2012 ) was an American musician noted for popularizing a three-finger banjo picking style , now called `` Scruggs style '' , that is a defining characteristic of bluegrass music . His three-finger style of playing was radically different from the ways the five-string banjo had been historically played . He popularized the instrument in several genres of music and elevated the banjo from its role as a background rhythm instrument , or a comedian 's prop , into featured solo status .   Scruggs ' career began at age 21 when he was hired to play in a group called `` Bill Monroe and the Blue Grass Boys '' . The name `` bluegrass '' stuck and eventually became the eponym for this entire genre of county music . Despite considerable success with Monroe , performing on the Grand Ole Opry and recording classic hits like `` Blue Moon of Kentucky '' , Scruggs gave notice in 1946 that he was quitting the band because of the exhausting touring schedule . Band member Lester Flatt resigned as well , and Flatt and Scruggs later paired up in a new group they called `` Flatt and Scruggs and the Foggy Mountain Boys '' . Scruggs ' banjo instrumental called `` Foggy Mountain Breakdown '' , released in 1949 , became an enduring hit , and had a rebirth of popularity to a younger generation when it was featured in the 1967 film Bonnie and Clyde . The song won two Grammy Awards and in 2005 was selected for the Library of Congress ' National Recording Registry of works of unusual merit .   Flatt and Scruggs brought bluegrass music into mainstream popularity in the early 1960s with their country hit , `` The Ballad of Jed Clampett '' . This song was the theme music for the successful network television sitcom The Beverly Hillbillies and was the first bluegrass recording to reach number one on the Billboard charts . Over their 20-year association , Flatt and Scruggs recorded over 50 albums and 75 single records . The duo broke up in 1969 , chiefly because Scruggs wanted to progress the music to a more modern sound and Flatt was a traditionalist who did not want to change the style because he thought it would alienate a fan base of bluegrass purists . Each of them formed a new band that matched his own vision , but neither of them ever regained the success they achieved as a team .   Scruggs received four Grammy awards , a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award and a National Medal of Arts . He became a member of the International Bluegrass Music Hall of Fame and was given a star on the Hollywood walk of fame . In 1985 , Flatt and Scruggs were inducted together into the Country Music Hall of Fame and named number 24 as a duo on CMT 's 40 Greatest Men of Country Music . Scruggs was awarded a National Heritage Fellowship by the National Endowment for the Arts ; the highest honor in the folk and traditional arts in the US . Four works by Scruggs have been placed in the Grammy Hall of Fame . After Scruggs ' death in 2012 at age 88 , the Earl Scruggs Center was founded near his birthplace in Shelby , North Carolina , with the aid of a federal grant and corporate donors . The center is a $ 5.5 million facility which features the musical contributions of Scruggs and serves as an educational center providing classes and field trips for students .

neg: Michael Cobb (railway historian) Michael Cobb PhD FRICS ( 10 September 1916 -- 23 June 2010 ) was a British Army officer and railway historian who served in the Second World War and later became the oldest person ever to be awarded a PhD from the University of Cambridge in 2008 , for his work `` The Railways of Great Britain : A Historical Atlas '' which set out to map and record every railway station and line in existence in Britain between 1807 and 1994 .

neg: Ron Henry Ronald Patrick `` Ron '' Henry ( 17 August 1934 -- 27 December 2014 ) was a footballer who played for Tottenham Hotspur , and won one cap for England . His grandson , Ronnie , is also a professional footballer .


query: Just Dance was a song.

pos: Just Dance (song) `` Just Dance '' is the debut single by American singer Lady Gaga . The song was produced by RedOne and co-written by RedOne , Gaga and Akon , while also featuring labelmate Colby O'Donis . It was released in 2008 as the lead single from Gaga 's debut studio album , The Fame . The song was written by Gaga in ten minutes as `` a happy record '' . `` Just Dance '' also has influences of R&B and lyrically speaks about being intoxicated at a club .   The song received positive reviews from music critics , who complimented its club anthem-like nature and the synthpop associated with it . The song topped the charts in the United States , Australia , Canada , the Republic of Ireland , the Netherlands and the United Kingdom , as well as reaching the top ten in many other countries . In the United States , `` Just Dance '' was a sleeper hit , spending almost five months on the Billboard Hot 100 before finally reaching the summit of the chart in January 2009 , after being released in April 2008 . The single is among the best-selling singles of all time , having sold over 10 million copies .   The music video of the song portrayed Lady Gaga appearing in a party where she plays the song , prompting party-goers to start dancing in enjoyment . Gaga compared her experience of shooting the video with being on a Martin Scorsese set . `` Just Dance '' was performed by Gaga in a number of live appearances including all of her concert tours . In 2009 , the song received a Grammy nomination in the Best Dance Recording category but lost to electronic duo Daft Punk for their song `` Harder , Better , Faster , Stronger ( Alive 2007 ) '' .

neg: List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1983 The Billboard 200 , published in Billboard magazine , is a weekly chart that ranks the highest-selling music albums and EPs in the United States . In 1983 , the name of the chart was Top LPs & Tape . Before Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991 , Billboard estimated sales from a representative sampling of record stores nationwide , using telephone , fax or messenger service . Data were based on rankings made by the record stores of the best-selling records , not on actual sales figures .   There were six number-one albums on this chart in 1983 , including the debut album of the Australian band Men at Work , Business as Usual , which spent the last seven weeks of 1982 and the first eight weeks of 1983 at number one , and was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) in 1984 . Thriller , the sixth studio album by recording artist Michael Jackson , was released on November 1982 . It peaked at number one for twenty-two non-consecutive weeks in 1983 with another fifteen consecutive weeks at the top into the following year , and seven songs from the album became top ten singles between late 1982 and early 1984 . Two of them : `` Billie Jean '' and `` Beat It '' , reached the top position of the Billboard Hot 100 . Thriller won eight Grammy Awards , including Album of the Year at the 26th Grammy Awards , and was the best-selling album of 1983 with more than fifteen million copies sold . In 2008 , twenty-five years after its release , the record was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame , and a few weeks later , it was among twenty-five recordings preserved by the Library of Congress to the National Recording Registry as `` culturally significant '' .   Flashdance , the soundtrack to the 1983 musical and romance film of the same name , peaked at number one for two weeks and won the Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture . The two singles released from the album , `` Flashdance ... What a Feeling '' by Irene Cara , and `` Maniac '' by Michael Sembello , reached the top of the singles chart in 1983 . The New York Times considered the British band The Police to be the year 's most influential rock band . Australian , British , and American bands copied the white-reggae formula of their ( The Police 's ) earlier successes . The group released their fifth and final studio album , Synchronicity , in 1983 . The album , a varied accomplished blend of rock , funk , and third-world rhythms , stayed at number one for seventeen weeks and was certified four times platinum by the RIAA in 1984 . Metal Health , the third album by heavy metal band Quiet Riot , peaked at number one for one week , becoming the first heavy metal record to reach the top of the Billboard 200 . Singer-songwriter Lionel Richie released his second album Ca n't Slow Down in 1983 , which spent three weeks at the top and won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year at the 27th Grammy Awards .

neg: Contemporary dance in Japan Contemporary Japanese dance draws on various traditional styles and Western classical and avant-garde forms , interpreted with the standards of Japanese schools . Many famous dance studios grew from training centers for Kabuki actor-dancers or derived from famous Kabuki families . Women dancers drawing their art from butoh were trained by the Hanayagi school , whose top dancers performed internationally . Ichinohe Sachiko choreographed and performed traditional dances in Heian court costumes , characterized by the slow , formal , and elegant motions of this classical age of Japanese culture .   Western schools covered classical ballet , jazz-dance , and modern dance and influenced the butoh avant-garde dance movement . Ballet was said to have replaced traditional Japanese arts , such as flower arrangement and the tea ceremony , in the hearts of young girls . Prima ballerina Morishita Yoko sat on the jury for the Prix de Lausanne Ballet Competition in 1989 , held for the first time in Tokyo , marking the arrival of Japanese classical ballet in the international community . Horiuchi Gen , a 1980 Prix de Lausanne winner , became a major soloist with the New York City Ballet , and Japanese performers noted for their superb technique were members of many major international companies . Modern dance was performed early after World War II and was later taught by such famous dancers as Eguchi Takaya . The Tokyo Modern Dance School and the Ozawa Hisako Modern Dance Company also promoted avant-garde modern dance . A wide experimental range within modern dance occurred from which choreographer Teshigawara Saburo skillfully drew to create multifaceted works for his KARAS Company .   The vital avant-garde butoh dance was a major development after the war : at least five major schools performed in the 1985 Butoh Festival , and there were numerous creative offshoots . Hijikata Tatsumi was a charismatic dancer who experimented with different kinds of creative dance to capture expressive motions he considered expressly suited to the Japanese physiognomy and psyche . He combined eroticism , social criticism , and avant-garde theater ideas , and he considered the body to be a repository for `` stored memories '' , which could be metamorphosed into dance forms . His theories and choreography were carried on by a number of famous dancers , who eventually formed their own major companies , which were strong in the 1980s and toured abroad .

neg: Why Don't We Just Dance `` Why Do n't We Just Dance '' is a song written by Jim Beavers , Jonathan Singleton and Darrell Brown , and recorded by American country music artist Josh Turner . It was released in August 2009 as the lead-off single from his album Haywire , which was released on February 9 , 2010 . The song became Turner 's third Number One hit in February 2010 , his first since `` Would You Go With Me '' in October 2006 , and his longest stay at the top with four weeks . On May 24 , 2010 , the single was his fourth to be certified Gold by the RIAA .

neg: I Just Wanna Dance I Just Wan na Dance is the debut extended play by South Korea-based American singer Tiffany . It was released by S.M. Entertainment on May 11 , 2016 . Lee Soo-man , former president of S.M. Entertainment , served as executive producer on the EP . The EP marked the official solo debut of Tiffany after having been known as a member of South Korean girl group Girls ' Generation for nearly nine years . Musically , the record is a primarily synthpop album with elements of trap and R&B that draws heavy influence from American female artists of the 1990s .   Tiffany promoted the EP in South Korea by holding a debut showcase at SMTown COEX Artium in Seoul on May 10 , 2016 and through a six-leg concert titled Weekend-Tiffany in June 2016 . She also appeared on several music shows including M Countdown and Show Champion . The title track `` I Just Wan na Dance '' was released as the lead single from the EP . Upon its release , I Just Wan na Dance received generally favorable reviews from music critics , who praised Tiffany 's vocals while comparing its styles to those of works by Carly Rae Jepsen , Ariana Grande and Mariah Carey . The EP was also well received commercially , peaking at numbers three on South Korea 's Gaon Album Chart and US Billboard World Albums Chart .

neg: Just Do It Just Do It ( stylized as JUST DO IT . ) is a trademark of shoe company Nike , and one of the core components of Nike 's brand . The slogan was coined in 1988 at an advertising agency meeting . The founder of Wieden + Kennedy agency , Dan Wieden credits the inspiration for his `` Just Do It '' Nike slogan to Gary Gilmore 's last words : `` Let 's do it . '' The `` Just Do It '' campaign allowed Nike to further increase its share of the North American domestic sport-shoe business from 18 % to 43 % , ( from $ 877 million to $ 9.2 billion in worldwide sales ) from 1988 to 1998 . In many Nike-related situations , `` Just Do It '' appears alongside the Nike logo , known as the Swoosh .

neg: Folk dance Folk dances are dances that are developed by people that reflect the life of the people of a certain country or region . Not all ethnic dances are folk dances ; for example , ritual dances or dances of ritual origin are not considered to be folk dances . Ritual dances are usually called `` Religious dances '' because of their purpose .   The terms `` ethnic '' and `` traditional '' are used when it is required to emphasize the cultural roots of the dance . In this sense , nearly all folk dances are ethnic ones . If some dances , such as polka , cross ethnic boundaries and even cross the boundary between `` folk '' and `` ballroom dance '' , ethnic differences are often considerable enough to mention , e.g. , Czech polka vs. German polka

neg: Rises and falls Rises and falls is a category of the ballroom dance technique that refers to rises and falls of the body of a dancer achieved through actions of knees and feet ( ankles ) .   This technique is primarily recognized in International Standard and American Smooth dance categories . Rises and falls are important in Waltz , Foxtrot , Quickstep , and Viennese Waltz . Tango is described the `` level '' or `` flat '' dance , and its basic technique specifically eliminates rises/falls in the overall motion , with the exception of certain advanced figures and styles .   The expression `` rises and falls of the body '' is a rather vague one , and in attempts to be more precise some texts refer to center of gravity , rather than body . This may also be misleading if taken out of context : the center of gravity may be lowered , e.g. , by bends and sways . In addition , a certain amount of body rise and fall may be achieved by hip action , used in Latin dance , but absolutely proscribed in Standard and Smooth .   Rises and falls of the body is a natural phenomenon during casual walking : when feet are apart the body is closer to the ground than when the feet are together . Some dances , e.g. , Charleston , exaggerate this natural `` bobbing '' , while in many others bobbing at each step is considered to be bad style or lack of proper technique .

neg: Lyrical dance Lyrical dance is a style of dance created by merging ballet , jazz and contemporary dance techniques . Lyrical dancing is performed to music with lyrics to inspire movements to express strong emotions the choreographer feels from the lyrics in the chosen song . Because lyrical dancing focuses on the expression of strong emotion , the style concentrates more on individual approach and expressiveness than the precision of the dancer 's movements . The emergent lyrical style has a relatively recent history and a genesis based on the coming together of ballet with rock/folk/pop / alternative music and a variety of jazz dance styles and modern dance . Dancer , teacher , and choreographer Suzi Taylor , who holds regular classes at Steps on Broadway in New York City is considered by many to be an early mother of lyrical dance , having emphasized a unique brand of musicality and expressiveness which influenced many future teachers and choreographers .

neg: Dance Again... the Hits Dance Again ... the Hits is the first greatest hits album of American entertainer Jennifer Lopez . It was released on July 20 , 2012 , by Epic Records , to coincide with the launch of her first world tour , the Dance Again World Tour . Lopez previously conceived plans for a greatest hits album in 2009 , but instead opted to use the material recorded for her seventh studio album , Love ? , which was released by Island Records in May 2011 after her departure from Epic Records in 2010 . As Lopez owed the label one last album to fulfill her contract , she began work on a new greatest hits album in November 2011 . She later became unsure whether she wanted to go along with plans to release a greatest hits album or a new studio album , eventually deciding on the former .   Dance Again ... the Hits comprises eleven previously released tracks , and two new recordings : `` Dance Again '' and `` Goin ' In '' . A deluxe edition of the album was also released , featuring three additional previously released tracks , and a DVD featuring a selection of eleven music videos . The album received generally positive reviews from music critics , who praised it as a reflection of Lopez 's success . Some critics expressed their disappointment in the absence of several successful singles , but deemed this as impressive , noting that this may have been due to the large volume of hit singles she has released over the years . Dance Again ... The Hits was a moderate commercial success , peaking within the top ten in fourteen national charts , and the top twenty in ten national charts .

neg: Song and Dance Song and Dance is a musical comprising two acts , one told entirely in `` Song '' and one entirely in `` Dance '' , tied together by a unifying love story .   The `` Song '' act is Tell Me on a Sunday , with lyrics by Don Black and music by Andrew Lloyd Webber , about a young British woman 's romantic misadventures in New York City and Hollywood . The `` Dance '' act is a ballet choreographed to Variations , composed by Lloyd Webber for his cellist brother Julian , which is based on the A Minor Caprice No. 24 by Paganini .

neg: Dance (Gary Numan album) Dance is the fifth studio album , and third under his own name , by the British musician Gary Numan , released in 1981 . Featuring the Top 10 single `` She 's Got Claws '' , the album reached # 3 on the UK charts .

neg: I'm Happy Just to Dance with You `` I 'm Happy Just to Dance with You '' is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by the Beatles for the film soundtrack to A Hard Day 's Night . Lead vocals are by George Harrison , whose performance in the film marked the first mass media depiction of Harrison singing lead .

neg: Dance Little Sister (The Rolling Stones song) `` Dance Little Sister '' is a song written by Mick Jagger and Keith Richards that was first released on the Rolling Stones 1974 album It 's Only Rock 'n Roll . It was also released as the B-side of the Rolling Stones single `` Ai n't Too Proud to Beg '' and on several of their compilation albums .

neg: Dance Away `` Dance Away '' is a song by the English rock band Roxy Music . Released in April 1979 , it was the second single to be taken from their album Manifesto , and became one of the band 's most famous songs , reaching number 2 in the UK and spending a total of 14 weeks on the charts , the longest chart residency of a Roxy Music single . Although it did not make number 1 , it became the ninth biggest selling single in the UK in 1979 . It did make it to number 1 on the Irish Singles Chart and held that position for one week .   `` Dance Away '' was originally written by Bryan Ferry for his 1977 solo album In Your Mind , but did not make the final track listing . It was then planned for inclusion on his 1978 album The Bride Stripped Bare , but again was not included . It was finally completed and released on Roxy Music 's Manifesto , the band 's first studio album in four years .   The single version was a different shorter edit and mix compared to the original album version . As with their next single `` Angel Eyes '' , the single version of `` Dance Away '' replaced the album version in subsequent releases . While the 1999 re-mastered version of the `` Manifesto '' album restored the original version of `` Angel Eyes '' , it still retained the single mix of `` Dance Away '' in place of the original , making the Thrill of It All box set the only release on which the LP version of the song could be found , until the release of the box set The Complete Studio Recordings 1972-1982 in 2012 .

neg: List of number-one dance singles of 2003 (Australia) The ARIA Dance Chart is a chart that ranks the best-performing dance singles of Australia . It is published by Australian Recording Industry Association ( ARIA ) , an organisation who collect music data for the weekly ARIA Charts . To be eligible to appear on the chart , the recording must be a single , and be `` predominantly of a dance nature , or with a featured track of a dance nature , or included in the ARIA Club Chart or a comparable overseas chart '' .   __ TOC __

neg: Dance Central (video game) Dance Central is a music rhythm game for the Xbox 360 that uses the Kinect motion peripheral . The game was developed by Harmonix , creators of the Guitar Hero and Rock Band franchises , and is a launch title for Kinect . Dance Central 2 was announced at E3 2011 and later released in October 2011 . Dance Central 3 was announced at E3 2012 and was released in October 2012 .

neg: Won't Somebody Dance with Me `` Wo n't Somebody Dance With Me '' is a song written by Lynsey de Paul in 1973 , which was awarded an Ivor Novello Award in 1974 . Her original version of the ballad made the UK , Irish and Dutch Top 20s , and was featured in the film , The Big Sleep , and the television programmes The Muppet Show , and the 1970s version of the New Mickey Mouse Club ( performed on that show by Lisa Whelchel ) .   This autobiographical song , inspired by an event from de Paul 's teenage years , included some spoken dialogue by a male voice ; on the original single the voice was that of Radio 1 DJ Ed Stewart .   The track has been covered by Bruce Johnston , Petula Clark , Alan Tew Orchestra , Sounds Orchestral , Peter North , Jeannie , Denis King and Lena Zavaroni amongst others , as well as most recently by S. Sebber Larsen on his album String Man .   A French-language version ( Je voudrais tant danser ) was recorded by Martine Tourreil . A Danish language version `` Hvem danser en dans med mig '' was released by Maria Stenz med Jesper Klein in 1974 and reached # 8 in the Danish charts . Lynsey herself re-recorded an updated version of the song on her 1994 album Just a Little Time .   The single reached # 14 in the UK Singles Chart in November 1973 .

neg: Dance/Electronic Digital Songs Dance/Electronic Digital Songs is a weekly chart that ranks the best-selling digital dance and electronic singles in the United States , according to Billboard . Although it originally started tracking singles the week of January 2 , 2010 , it did not become an official chart until the issue dated April 3 , 2010 .   The Dance/Electronic Digital Songs chart tracks the 50 most popular downloaded dance music singles , including tracks that are exclusively available online only . This chart also includes previously released dance and disco songs that became available for downloading , which means that songs like `` You Spin Me Round ( Like a Record ) '' by Dead or Alive are eligible to chart .   On January 17 , 2013 , Billboard added a new chart , Dance/Electronic Songs , which tracks the 50 most popular Dance and Electronic singles and tracks based on club play , single sales , radio airplay , digital downloads , and online streaming . As such , this chart serves as the main component for the Dance Club Songs , Dance/Mix Show Airplay , Dance Single Sales , and Dance/Electronic Digital Songs charts .   The chart 's first number one was `` Bad Romance '' by Lady Gaga in the January 23 , 2010 issue and Gaga 's songs spent so far ( as December , 2014 ) a total of 1025 weeks on the chart . The chart 's longest running number-one is `` Bulletproof '' by La Roux , reigning at the lead position for 18 consecutive weeks .

neg: Just a Little While `` Just a Little While '' is a song by American recording artist Janet Jackson , released as the lead single from her eighth studio album , Damita Jo ( 2004 ) . Written by Jackson and Dallas Austin , the song fuses pop with elements of rock , dance , and funk , and is a reflection of Jackson 's new-found happiness . The song leaked ahead of its scheduled release , causing Jackson 's record company to rush with a music video and promotion . It was released following Jackson 's controversial Super Bowl Halftime Show performance incident on February 2 , 2004 , as the lead single from Damita Jo .   `` Just a Little While '' received favorable reception from critics , who felt its elements of rock and dance-pop would ensure success . However , following the Super Bowl incident , Jackson 's singles and music videos were blacklisted on many radio formats and music channels worldwide , affecting the song 's performance . Although its success in the US was limited , peaking at number 45 on the Billboard Hot 100 , it peaked atop the Hot Dance Club Songs chart . Internationally , it was more successful , reaching the top ten in Belgium , Canada , and Spain and the top twenty in Australia and The United Kingdom . It peaked at number one in Japan for five weeks , and was the year 's second-biggest hit on Japan 's international airplay chart .   The song 's music video , directed by Dave Meyers , was released exclusively in international territories due to the controversy surrounding Jackson at the time . It portrays Jackson filming a DVD for her boyfriend in a futuristic apartment setting , displaying her multiple personae . An alternate live video , filmed in London , was included on Jackson 's From janet . to Damita Jo compilation . Jackson performed the song on television shows including Top of the Pops , Hey ! Hey ! Hey ! , and Festivalbar .

neg: Dance My Generation `` Dance My Generation '' is a single by Japanese band Golden Bomber . It was released on January 1 , 2013 . It debuted in number one on the weekly Oricon Singles Chart and reached number one on the Billboard Japan Hot 100 . It was the 34th best-selling single in Japan in 2013 , with 177,565 copies .


query: Journey is a band.

pos: Journey (band) Journey is an American rock band that formed in San Francisco in 1973 , composed of former members of Santana and Frumious Bandersnatch . The band has gone through several phases ; its strongest commercial success occurred between 1978 and 1987 . During that period , the band released a series of hit songs , including `` Do n't Stop Believin ' ( 1981 ) , which in 2009 became the top-selling track in iTunes history among songs not released in the 21st century . Its parent studio album , Escape , the band 's eighth and most successful , reached No. 1 on the Billboard 200 and yielded another of their most popular singles , `` Open Arms '' . Its 1983 follow-up album , Frontiers , was almost as successful in the United States , reaching No. 2 and spawning several successful singles ; it broadened the band 's appeal in the United Kingdom , where it reached No. 6 on the UK Albums Chart . Journey enjoyed a successful reunion in the mid-1990s and later regrouped with a series of lead singers .   Sales have resulted in two Gold albums , eight multi-platinum albums , and two diamond albums ( including seven consecutive multi-platinum albums between 1978 and 1987 ) . They have had eighteen Top 40 singles in the U.S. ( the second most without a Billboard Hot 100 number one single behind Electric Light Orchestra with 20 ) , six of which reached the Top 10 of the US chart and two of which reached No. 1 on other Billboard charts , and a No. 6 hit on the UK Singles Chart in `` Do n't Stop Believin . In 2005 , `` Do n't Stop Believin reached No. 3 on iTunes downloads . Originally a progressive rock band , Journey was described by AllMusic as having cemented a reputation as `` one of America 's most beloved ( and sometimes hated ) commercial rock/pop bands '' by 1978 , when they redefined their sound by embracing pop arrangements on their fourth album , Infinity .   According to the Recording Industry Association of America , Journey has sold 48 million albums in the U.S. , making them the 25th best-selling band . Their worldwide sales have reached close to 90 million records , making them one of the world 's best-selling bands of all time . A 2005 USA Today opinion poll named Journey the fifth-best American rock band in history . Their songs have become arena rock staples and are still played on rock radio stations across the world . Journey ranks No. 96 on VH1 's 100 Greatest Artists of All Time .   Journey was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame with the class of 2017 . Inductees included lead singer Steve Perry , guitarist Neal Schon , keyboardists Jonathan Cain and Gregg Rolie , bassist Ross Valory , and drummers Aynsley Dunbar and Steve Smith .

neg: The Winner's Journey The Winner 's Journey may refer to :   The Winner 's Journey ( Damien Leith album ) , a 2006 live album by Damien Leith  The Winner 's Journey ( Natalie Gauci album ) , a 2007 studio album by Natalie Gauci

neg: Journey to the Beginning of Time Journey to the Beginning of Time ( Cesta do pravěku , literally `` Journey into prehistory '' ) is a 1955 Czechoslovak children 's science fiction feature film directed by Karel Zeman . Produced using a combination of 2-D and 3-D models , it was the first of Zeman 's productions to include actors in conjunction with stop-motion and special effects , and won awards at the International Film Festivals of Venice and Mannheim . The documentary-type nature of the film showing extinct animal species behaving naturally in their own environments was most unusual for its era and foreshadowed many later TV productions that would depict prehistoric life for educational rather than purely entertainment purposes . Cesta do pravěku should not be confused with a dubbed and partly re-filmed US version of the film that was released in 1966 under the title Journey to the Beginning of Time .   Journey to the Beginning of Time is according to server Kinobox the best Czech science fiction film of all time .

neg: A Different Journey A Different Journey is an album by drummer and bandleader Chico Hamilton recorded in 1963 and released on the Reprise label .

neg: Kansas (band) Kansas is an American rock band that became popular in the 1970s initially on album-oriented rock charts and later with hit singles such as `` Carry On Wayward Son '' and `` Dust in the Wind '' . The band has produced eight gold albums , three multi-platinum albums ( Leftoverture , Point of Know Return , The Best of Kansas ) , one platinum live album ( Two for the Show ) and a million-selling single , `` Dust in the Wind '' . Kansas appeared on the Billboard charts for over 200 weeks throughout the 1970s and 1980s and played to sold-out arenas and stadiums throughout North America , Europe and Japan . `` Carry On Wayward Son '' was the second-most-played track on US classic rock radio in 1995 and No. 1 in 1997 .

neg: Hughes/Thrall Hughes / Thrall was musical project formed in 1982 by former Deep Purple and Trapeze bassist/vocalist Glenn Hughes and guitarist journeyman Pat Thrall .

neg: The Journey (1992 film) The Journey ( El viaje ) is a 1992 Argentine drama film directed by Fernando Solanas . It was entered into the 1992 Cannes Film Festival .

neg: Journeyman A `` journeyman '' is a skilled worker who has successfully completed an official apprenticeship qualification in a building trade or craft . He is considered competent and authorized to work in that field as a fully qualified employee . A journeyman earns his license through education , supervised experience , and examination .  Although a journeyman has completed a trade certificate and is able to work as an employee , he is not yet able to work as a self-employed master craftsman .  The term journeyman was originally used in the medieval trade guilds .  Journeymen were paid each day , and this is where the word ` journey ' derived from - journée meaning ` a day ' in French .  Each individual guild generally recognised three ranks of workers ; apprentices , journeymen , and masters . A journeyman , as a qualified tradesman could become a master , running his own business although most continued working as employees .   Guidelines were put in place to promote responsible tradesmen who were held accountable for their own work , and to protect the individual trade and the general public from unskilled workers . To become a master , a journeyman has to submit a master piece of work to a guild for an evaluation . Only after evaluation can a journeyman be admitted to the guild as a master . Sometimes , a journeyman is required to accomplish a three-year working trip , which may be called the journeyman years .

neg: Earth, Wind & Fire Earth , Wind & Fire ( EWF ) is an American band that has spanned the musical genres of R&B , soul , funk , jazz , disco , pop , rock , Latin and African . They are one of the most successful bands of all time . Rolling Stone Magazine described them as `` innovative , precise yet sensual , calculated yet galvanizing '' and declared that the band `` changed the sound of black pop '' .   The band was founded in Chicago by Maurice White in 1970 , having grown out of a previous band known as The Salty Peppers . Other members have included Philip Bailey , Verdine White , Ralph Johnson , Larry Dunn , Al McKay and Andrew Woolfolk . The band has received 20 Grammy nominations ; they won six as a group and two of its members , Maurice White and Bailey , won separate individual awards . Earth , Wind & Fire have 12 American Music Awards nominations and four awards . They have been inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and the Vocal Group Hall of Fame , received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame , and have sold over 100 million records , making them one of the world 's best-selling bands of all time . Five members of Earth , Wind & Fire were also inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame : Maurice White , Philip Bailey , Verdine White , Larry Dunn and Al McKay . The music industry and fans have bestowed Lifetime Achievement honors from the American Society of Composers , Authors and Publishers ( Rhythm & Soul Heritage Award -- 2002 ) , NAACP ( Hall of Fame -- 1994 ) and the BET Awards ( Lifetime Achievement Award -- 2002 ) .   Earth , Wind & Fire is known for the dynamic sound of their horn section , their energetic and elaborate stage shows , and the interplay between the contrasting vocals of Philip Bailey 's falsetto and Maurice White 's tenor . The kalimba ( African thumb piano ) is played on all of the band 's albums . In the 1970s and early 1980s , the band had many hits , including `` Shining Star '' , `` That 's the Way of the World '' , `` Devotion '' , `` Reasons '' , `` Sing a Song '' , `` Ca n't Hide Love '' , `` Getaway '' , `` Fantasy '' , `` Love 's Holiday '' , `` September '' , `` Boogie Wonderland '' , `` After the Love Has Gone '' , and `` Let 's Groove '' . Two Earth , Wind & Fire classic songs have been inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame : `` That 's the Way of the World '' ( 2004 ) and `` Shining Star '' ( 2007 ) .   The band is also known as having been the first African-American act to sell out Madison Square Garden and to receive the MSG Gold Ticket Award . President Barack Obama invited Earth , Wind & Fire to perform at the White House for the first social event of the new administration .

neg: Greatest Hits 1978–1997 Greatest Hits DVD 1978-1997 - Music Videos and Live Performances is the second DVD by the American rock band Journey , released in 2003 . It contains music videos and live performances of songs from the band 's history with longtime lead vocalist Steve Perry , who left the band in 1998 . It is Journey 's best selling concert video going 4 × Multi-Platinum since its 2003 release .

neg: Warped Tour The Warped Tour is a traveling rock festival that has toured the United States ( including 3 or 4 stops in Canada ) annually each summer since 1995 . It is the largest traveling music festival in the United States , and is the longest-running touring music festival in North America . The first Warped Tour took place in 1995 , and the skateboard shoe manufacturer Vans became the main sponsor of the tour starting with the second tour in 1996 , when it became known as the Vans Warped Tour . Although Vans has continued to be the main sponsor and lend its name to the festival , other sponsors have also participated , with stages or other aspects of the festival sometimes being named after them .   Warped Tour was conceived in 1995 as an eclectic alternative rock festival , but in 1996 began focusing on punk rock music . Although it has continued to be known primarily as a punk rock festival , it has included acts of diverse genres over the years .

neg: The New Transit Direction The New Transit Direction ( TNTD ) is an indie rock band from Salt Lake City , Utah , formed in 2000 .   The band has performed as an opening act with The Used , Taking Back Sunday , The Blood Brothers and Form of Rocket .   After releasing an EP called New Transit Direction , the band signed a record deal with Some Records . Their first album , Wonderful Defense Mechanisms , was produced and mixed by John Congleton ( 90 Day Men , The Paper Chase ) and was released in 2004 .   Quinn Allman of The Used is reportedly friends with all the members of the band and regards it as an influence .   Kilby Court , an all-ages venue in Salt Lake City , has been described by the band as `` home '' .   The drummer , Dan Whitesides , has replaced Brandon Steineckert as the new drummer in The Used .

neg: The Doors (album) The Doors is the debut album by the American rock band the Doors , released on January 4 , 1967 . The album features their breakthrough single `` Light My Fire '' and the lengthy song `` The End '' with its Oedipal spoken word section .   The Doors was not only one of the albums to have been most central to the progression of psychedelic rock , but is also one of the most acclaimed recordings in all of popular music . In 2012 , it was ranked number 42 in Rolling Stone magazine 's 500 greatest albums of all time .   The original album has sold 20 million copies , and has been inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame ; `` Light My Fire '' was also inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame . It has been reissued several times on CD , including a 2007 remaster and a 2017 `` 50th Anniversary Deluxe Edition . ''   In 2015 , the Library of Congress selected The Doors for inclusion in the National Recording Registry based on its cultural , artistic or historical significance .

neg: Perilous Journey Perilous Journey is a 1977 studio album by guitarist Gordon Giltrap .   The album was remixed and re-released in 1998 .

neg: KIGS KIGS ( 620 kHz ) is a commercial AM radio station licensed to Hanford , California and serving the Visalia-Tulare and Fresno radio markets . The station is owned by Charanjit Singh Batth and it carries programming from `` Radio Punjab . '' Radio Punjab is also heard in San Francisco , Seattle and other West Coast cities , airing Punjabi language music , talk and news for South Asian listeners .   KIGS operates at 1000 watts around the clock , using a directional antenna at night to avoid interfering with other stations on AM 620 . The studios and transmitter are located on Hanford Expressway ( California State Route 198 ) near 6th Avenue in Hanford . The station building was the basis for the cover of Journey 's 1986 album , Raised on Radio .

neg: A Journey Through Time (album) A Journey Through Time is the seventh studio album from American rock and pop singer Benny Mardones , released in 2002 .

neg: Jesse's Journey Jesse 's Journey ( le Reve de Jesse ) is a Canadian charity focused on funding research into Duchenne muscular dystrophy . Founded in 1994 and named for Jesse Davidson , Jesse 's Journey is based out of London , Ontario with a satellite office in Montreal , Quebec . Jesse 's Journey is the only Canadian charity that solely exists to fund research into Duchenne .

neg: A Journey A Journey is a memoir by Tony Blair of his tenure as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom . Published in the UK on 1 September 2010 , it covers events from when he became leader of the Labour Party in 1994 and transformed it into `` New Labour '' , holding power for a party record three successive terms , to his resignation and replacement as Prime Minister by his Chancellor of the Exchequer , Gordon Brown . Blair donated his # 4.6 million advance , and all subsequent royalties , to the British Armed Forces charity The Royal British Legion . It became the fastest-selling autobiography of all time at the bookstore chain Waterstones . Promotional events were marked by antiwar protests .   Two of the book 's major topics are the strains in Blair 's relationship with Brown after Blair allegedly reneged on the pair 's 1994 agreement to step down as Prime Minister much earlier , and his controversial decision to participate in the 2003 invasion of Iraq . Blair discusses Labour 's future after the 2010 general election , his relations with the Royal Family , and how he came to respect President George W. Bush . Reviews were mixed ; some criticised Blair 's writing style , but others called it candid .   Gordon Brown was reportedly unhappy over Blair 's comments about him , while David Runciman of The London Review of Books suggested there were episodes from Blair 's troubled relationship with his Chancellor that were absent from A Journey . Labour politician Alistair Darling said the book demonstrates how the country can be changed for the better when a government has a clear purpose , while the New Zealand Listener suggested Blair and his contemporaries had helped to write New Labour 's epitaph . Some families of servicemen and women who were killed in Iraq reacted angrily , with one antiwar commentator dismissing Blair 's regrets over the loss of life . Shortly after the release of A Journey , the screenwriter of the 2006 film The Queen , which depicts Blair 's first months in office , accused Blair of plagiarising a conversation with Elizabeth II from him .

neg: Detourn Detourn is the second album by the Indonesian rock band The S.I.G.I.T. . This album was released nearly seven years after their first , Visible Idea of Perfection , in 2007 . Previously , the band was planning to release it in 2012 but had to be postponed because of some reasons .   On March 15 , the single `` Let the Right One In '' was released for free on their website . This album received great receptions from fans and many local music critics . In January 2014 , Detourn was named the best album of 2013 by Rolling Stone Indonesia .

neg: Prism (band) Prism ( often styled as PRiSM ) is a Canadian rock band formed in Vancouver in 1977 . They were originally active from 1977 to 1984 and have been active again from 1987 to present . Their classic line-up consisted of lead singer Ron Tabak , guitarist Lindsay Mitchell , keyboardist John Hall , bass guitarist Allen Harlow , and drummer Rocket Norton .   The band 's sound is a mix of Album-oriented rock ( AOR ) and pop rock , and they have released a total of thirteen studio albums , three compilation albums , and one live album .   Prism 's success has been primarily in Canada where they won the Canadian music industry Juno Award for Group of the Year in 1981 , although they also reached the US top 40 charts with 1981 's `` Do n't Let Him Know '' . Prism is also noteworthy for launching the careers of several former group members , including international record producer Bruce Fairbairn , songwriter Jim Vallance , Powder Blues Band frontman Tom Lavin , and Headpins and Chilliwack musician Ab Bryant . A pre-fame Bryan Adams also contributed as a songwriter to several early Prism releases .   On Sunday March 6 , 2011 , Prism 's `` Spaceship Superstar '' was chosen as the wake up song for the Space Shuttle Discovery crew members . This was a significant point in history as it was the last day that the crews of Discovery and the International Space Station were together before Discovery returned to Earth in the last mission of Discovery .

neg: Journey (Trio X album) Journey is an album performed by multi-instrumentalist Joe McPhee 's Trio X recorded in 2002 and first released on the CIMP label .