query: Huginn is a raven that often travels with Odin.

pos: Odin In Germanic mythology , Odin ( from Old Norse Óðinn ) is a widely revered god . In Norse mythology , from which stems most of the information about the god , Odin is associated with healing , death , royalty , the gallows , knowledge , battle , sorcery , poetry , frenzy , and the runic alphabet , and is the husband of the goddess Frigg . In wider Germanic mythology and paganism , Odin was known in Old English as Wōden , in Old Saxon as Wōdan , and in Old High German as Wuotan or Wōtan , all stemming from the reconstructed Proto-Germanic theonym wōđanaz .   Odin is a prominently mentioned god throughout the recorded history of the Germanic peoples , from the Roman occupation of regions of Germania through the tribal expansions of the Migration Period and the Viking Age . In the modern period , Odin continued to be acknowledged in the rural folklore of Germanic Europe . References to Odin appear in place names throughout regions historically inhabited by the ancient Germanic peoples , and the day of the week Wednesday bears his name in many Germanic languages , including English .   In Anglo-Saxon England , Odin held a particular place as a euhemerized ancestral figure among royalty , and he is frequently referred to as a founding figure among various other Germanic peoples , including the Langobards . Forms of his name appear frequently throughout the Germanic record , though narratives regarding Odin are mainly found in Old Norse works recorded in Iceland , primarily around the 13th century . These texts make up the bulk of modern understanding of Norse mythology .   In Old Norse texts , Odin is depicted as one-eyed and long-bearded , frequently wielding a spear named Gungnir , and wearing a cloak and a broad hat . He is often accompanied by his animal companions -- the wolves Geri and Freki and the ravens Huginn and Muninn , who bring him information from all over Midgard -- and rides the flying , eight-legged steed Sleipnir across the sky and into the underworld . Odin is attested as having many sons , most famously the gods Thor ( with Jörð ) and Baldr ( with Frigg ) , and is known by hundreds of names . In these texts , he frequently seeks greater knowledge , at times in disguise ( most famously by obtaining the Mead of Poetry ) , makes wagers with his wife Frigg over the outcome of exploits , and takes part in both the creation of the world by way of slaying the primordial being Ymir and the gift of life to the first two humans Ask and Embla . Odin has a particular association with Yule , and mankind 's knowledge of both the runes and poetry is also attributed to him .   In Old Norse texts , Odin is given primacy over female beings associated with the battlefield -- the valkyries -- and oversees Valhalla , where he receives half of those who die in battle , the einherjar . The other half are chosen by the goddess Freyja for her afterlife location , Fólkvangr . Odin consults the disembodied , herb-embalmed head of the wise being Mímir for advice , and during the foretold events of Ragnarök , Odin is told to lead the einherjar into battle before being consumed by the monstrous wolf Fenrir . In later folklore , Odin appears as a leader of the Wild Hunt , a ghostly procession of the dead through the winter sky . He has also been associated with charms and other forms of magic , particularly in Old English and Old Norse texts .   Odin has been a frequent subject of study in Germanic studies , and numerous theories have been put forward regarding his development . Some of these focus on Odin 's particular relation to other figures ; for example , the fact that Freyja 's husband Óðr appears to be something of an etymological doublet of the god , whereas Odin 's wife Frigg is in many ways similar to Freyja , and that Odin has a particular relation to the figure of Loki . Other approaches focus on Odin 's place in the historical record , a frequent question being whether the figure of Odin derives from Proto-Indo-European religion , or whether he developed later in Germanic society . In the modern period , Odin has inspired numerous works of poetry , music , and other forms of media . He is venerated in most forms of the new religious movement Heathenry , together with other gods venerated by the ancient Germanic peoples ; some branches focus particularly on him .

neg: Finnish mythology Finnish mythology is a commonly applied description of the folklore of Finnish paganism , of which a modern revival is practiced by a small percentage of the Finnish people . It has many features shared with fellow Finnic Estonian mythology and its non-Finnic neighbours , the Balts and the Scandinavians . Some of their myths are also distantly related to the myths of other Finno-Ugric speakers like the Samis .   Finnish mythology survived within an oral tradition of mythical poem-singing and folklore well into the 19th century .   Although the gradual influence of surrounding cultures raised the significance of the sky-god in a monolatristic manner , the father god `` Ukko '' ( Old Man ) was originally just a nature spirit like all the others . Of the animals , the most sacred was the bear , whose real name was never uttered out loud , lest his kind be unfavorable to the hunting . The bear ( `` karhu '' in Finnish ) was seen as the embodiment of the forefathers , and for this reason it was called by many circumlocutions : mesikämmen ( `` mead-paw '' ) , otso ( `` browed one '' ) , kontio ( `` dweller of the land '' ) , metsän kultaomena ( `` the golden apple of the forest '' ) but not a god .

neg: Troll A troll is a class of being in Norse mythology and Scandinavian folklore . In Old Norse sources , beings described as trolls dwell in isolated rocks , mountains , or caves , live together in small family units , and are rarely helpful to human beings .   Later , in Scandinavian folklore , trolls became beings in their own right , where they live far from human habitation , are not Christianized , and are considered dangerous to human beings . Depending on the source , their appearance varies greatly ; trolls may be ugly and slow-witted , or look and behave exactly like human beings , with no particularly grotesque characteristic about them .   Trolls are sometimes associated with particular landmarks , which at times may be explained as formed from a troll exposed to sunlight . Trolls are depicted in a variety of media in modern popular culture .

neg: Icelandic Elf School The Icelandic Elf School , known as Álfaskólinn in Icelandic , is a school in Iceland that teaches students and visitors about Icelandic folklore .   The school teaches about the hidden people and the 13 different kinds of elves that the school believes inhabit the country of Iceland . According to the school 's headmaster , hidden people `` are just the same size and look exactly like human beings , the only difference is that they are invisible to most of us . Elves , on the other hand , are n't entirely human , they 're humanoid , starting at around eight centimetres . '' He also claims there are gay and lesbian elves . The school is located in Reykjavík , the country 's largest city .   The school is headed by Magnús Skarphéðinsson . Magnús has a full curriculum , and certificate programs for visitors that can be earned in as little as half a day . However , the school also publishes texts on hidden people , partly for its own use in the classroom . There is also ongoing research on the elves and hidden people of Iceland . He also collects stories about trolls , fairies , dwarves , and gnomes , but says that `` nearly 70 percent of our stories are about hidden people , because they are most seen here . '' These stories have been collected for the purpose of preservation . Magnús organizes five hour long educational excursions for visitors , and finishes the tour with coffee and pancakes at the school . Despite never advertising his school , Magnus typically gets 5-10 people per excursion . Since opening in 1991 , over 9,000 people , most of them foreigners , have attended the school . The Álfaskólinn also provides `` aura readings '' and `` past-life explorations '' .   The question of the `` level of belief in elves '' in Iceland is somewhat of a cultural topos , with survey results published in 1975 , 1995 , 1998 , 2006 . Interpretations of the survey results vary .  Based on the 2006 figures , Magnús claims that while only 26 % of Icelanders believe in elves ( summing the responses ` certain ' and ` probable ' ) , 80 % `` do take notice '' ( including the replies ` possible ' and ` unlikely ' ) .

neg: Siward, Earl of Northumbria Siward or Sigurd ( -LSB- ˈsuːwərd -RSB- or more recently -LSB- ˈsiːwərd -RSB- Old English : Sigeweard ) was an important earl of 11th-century northern England . The Old Norse nickname Digri and its Latin translation Grossus ( `` the stout '' ) are given to him by near-contemporary texts . Siward was probably of Scandinavian origin , perhaps a relative of Earl Ulf , and emerged as a powerful regional strongman in England during the reign of Cnut ( `` Canute the Great '' , 1016 -- 1035 ) . Cnut was a Scandinavian ruler who conquered England in the 1010s , and Siward was one of the many Scandinavians who came to England in the aftermath of that conquest . Siward subsequently rose to become sub-ruler of most of northern England . From 1033 at the latest Siward was in control of southern Northumbria , that is , present-day Yorkshire , governing as earl on Cnut 's behalf .   He entrenched his position in northern England by marrying Ælfflæd , the daughter of Ealdred , Earl of Bamburgh . After killing Ealdred 's successor Eadulf in 1041 , Siward gained control of all Northumbria . He exerted his power in support of Cnut 's successors , kings Harthacnut and Edward , assisting them with vital military aid and counsel . He probably gained control of the middle shires of Northampton and Huntingdon by the 1050s , and there is some evidence that he spread Northumbrian control into Cumberland . In the early 1050s Earl Siward turned against the Scottish ruler Mac Bethad mac Findlaích ( `` Macbeth '' ) . Despite the death of his son Osbjorn , Siward defeated Mac Bethad in battle in 1054 . More than half a millennium later the Scotland adventure earned him a place in William Shakespeare 's Macbeth . Siward died in 1055 , leaving one son , Waltheof , who would eventually succeed to Northumbria . St Olave 's church in York and nearby Heslington Hill are associated with Siward .

neg: Gerðr In Norse mythology , Gerðr ( Old Norse `` fenced-in '' ) is a jötunn , goddess , and the wife of the god Freyr . Gerðr is attested in the Poetic Edda , compiled in the 13th century from earlier traditional sources ; the Prose Edda and Heimskringla , written in the 13th century by Snorri Sturluson ; and in the poetry of skalds . Gerðr is sometimes modernly anglicized as Gerd or Gerth .   In both the Poetic Edda and the Prose Edda , Freyr sees Gerðr from a distance , becomes deeply lovesick at the sight of her shimmering beauty , and has his servant Skírnir go to Jötunheimr ( where Gerðr and her father Gymir reside ) to gain her love . In the Poetic Edda Gerðr initially refuses , yet after a series of threats by Skírnir she finally agrees . In the Prose Edda , no mention of threats are made . In both sources , Gerðr agrees to meet Freyr at a fixed time at the location of Barri and , after Skírnir returns with Gerðr 's response , Freyr laments that the meeting could not occur sooner . In both the Poetic Edda and the Prose Edda , Gerðr is described as the daughter of Gymir and the jötunn Aurboða .   In Heimskringla , Gerðr is recorded as the wife of Freyr , euhemerized as having been a beloved king of Sweden . In the same source , the couple are the founders of the Yngling dynasty and produced a son , Fjölnir , who rose to kinghood after Freyr 's passing and continued their line . Gerðr is commonly theorized to be a goddess associated with the earth . Gerðr inspired works of art and literature .

neg: Hygelac Hygelac ( Hygelāc Hugleikr Hugilaikaz Ch ( l ) ochilaicus died 521 ) was a king of the Geats according to the poem Beowulf . It is Hygelac 's presence in the poem which has allowed scholars to tentatively date the setting of the poem as well as to infer that it contains at least some points of historical fact . Beowulf gives Hygelac 's genealogy : according to the poem , he was the son of Hrethel and had two brothers Herebeald and Hæþcyn , as well as an unnamed sister who was married to Ecgtheow and mother of the hero Beowulf . Hygelac was married to Hygd , and they had a son Heardred and an unnamed daughter who married Eofor . When Hygelac 's brother Hæþcyn was fighting with the Swedes , Hygelac arrived at Hrefnesholt one day too late to save his brother Hæþcyn , but he managed to rescue the surviving Geatish warriors , who were besieged by the Swedish king Ongentheow and his three sons . The Swedes found refuge at a hill fort but were assaulted by the Geats . In the battle , the Swedish king was slain by Eofor . After the death of his brother Herebeald , Hygelac ascended the Geatish throne . After he was killed during a raid on Frisia , Hygelac was succeeded by Heardred , according to Beowulf .   The raid to Frisia enabled N. F. S. Grundtvig to approximate the date of Hygelac 's death to ca 516 , because a raid to France under a King Chlochilaicus , king of the Danes , is mentioned by Gregory of Tours . In that source he is recorded as invading the Frankish Kingdoms during the reign of Theodericus I ( died 534 ) , the son of Clovis ( `` Chlodovechius '' ) , the king of the Franks in the early sixth century , and was killed in the ensuing chaos after the Scandinavian raiders were caught by the sudden appearance of a military response force led by Theodebertus , the son of Theodocius . Gregory of Tours calls this king Chlochilaicus Danish . He is called the king of Getae ( rex Getarum ) in the Liber Monstrorum and king of the Goths ( rege Gotorum ) in Liber historiae Francorum . After cutting the Geatish danger , the rest of the survivors took to sea in such disordered haste that they left their dead on the field , including their king . The Franks must have taken back whatever had been taken in pillage as well as spoils of the battlefield ; and it is reported by Gregory that they found the Scandinavian monarch 's corpse so awe-inspiring due his extraordinary height -- which is implied by his name , perhaps a sobriquet like Longshanks ( Edward I ) and not his real one -- that as a pagan barbarian not entitled to burial , his remains were exposed for a long time in the nearest Merovingian Court as a curiosity , following the usual triumphal trophy exhibition customary after battle or pirate captures .   There are two theories on how the account of Chlochilaicus ' raid came to be preserved in the epic Beowulf , and they have a bearing upon the date assigned to the poem . It may date to the early 8th century , but some have suggested that it was composed as late as the 10th century , the date of the sole surviving manuscript . One view considers the account to have kept alive by the oral tradition of heroic poetry until it was included in the epos . It has also been suggested that the poem is dependent on Liber historiae Francorum ( 727 ) , because it mentions the Attoarii , which in Beowulf become Hetware . One scholar considers it to be inconceivable that independent oral tradition would have faithfully transmitted such a detail . Walter Goffart estimated that Beowulf could not have been written with these historical details before 923 .

neg: Liath Luachra Liath Luachra , the `` Gray of Luachair '' , is the name of two characters in the Fenian Cycle of Irish mythology . Both appear in The Boyhood Deeds of Fionn , which details the young life and adventures of the hero Fionn mac Cumhaill .   The first Liath Luachra is one of Fionn 's foster mothers who raise him after the death of his father Cumhal at the hands of Goll mac Morna . She is a great warrior and a companion of Fionn 's aunt , the druidess Bodhmall ; together they raise the boy in secret in the forest of Sliabh Bladhma . Eventually Fionn 's ever-spreading fame threatens to bring his father 's killers to him , and his caretakers send him to find his own way . By this point they have taught him enough that he can survive on his own , and he goes into the king of Bantry 's service .   The second Liath Luachra is a tall , hideous warrior and a member of the Fianna . He had been an enemy of Cumhal , and even dealt him the first blow in the battle at which he died . Later Goll mac Morna gave him possession of Cumhal 's treasures , and made him the Fianna 's official treasurer . His corrbolg or crane bag is one of the warrior band 's great treasures . Eventually he kills a young warrior named Glonda ; Fionn sees the man 's mother crying blood over the murder and decides to avenge him . He kills Liath easily and takes his treasure from him . This Liath has a son , Conán mac Lia , who becomes lord of Luchair and a marauder against Fionn and the Fianna . He is eventually reconciled with the group and joins them .

neg: Fjölsvinnsmál Fjölsvinnsmál or The Sayings of Fjölsvinnr is the second of two Old Norse poems commonly published under the title Svipdagsmál `` The Lay of Svipdagr '' . These poems are found together in several 17th-century paper manuscripts with Fjölsvinnsmál . In at least three of these manuscripts , the poems appear in reverse order and are separated by a third eddic poem titled Hyndluljóð . For a long time , the connection between the two poems was not realized , until in 1854 Svend Grundtvig pointed out a connection between the story told in Gróagaldr and the first part of the medieval Scandinavian ballad of Ungen Sveidal/Herr Svedendal/Hertig Silfverdal . Then in 1856 , Sophus Bugge noticed that the last part of the ballad corresponded to Fjölsvinnsmál . Bugge wrote about this connection in Forhandlinger i Videnskabs-Selskabet i Christiania 1860ææ , calling the two poems together Svipdagsmál . Subsequent scholars have accepted this title .   In the first poem , Svipdagr enlists the aid of his dead mother , Gróa , a witch , to assist him in the completion of a task set by his cruel stepmother .   At the commencement of Fjölsvinnsmál , Svipdagr has arrived at a castle on a mountain top . There he encounters a watchman , Fjölsviðr , who tells him to be gone before asking him his name . Svipdagr conceals it , only revealing it later in the poem .   A game of question and answers ensues , wherein Svipdagr learns that Menglöð lives in the castle guarded by Fjölsviðr , and that the castle may not be entered by any save one : Svipdagr . He gives his true name and the gates are opened and Menglöð greets Svipdagr .   The poem is considered to be among the youngest of the Eddic poems . Nevertheless , it is cryptic and some stanzas are corrupt .

neg: Seiðr In Old Norse , seiðr ( sometimes anglicized as seidhr , seidh , seidr , seithr , seith , or seid ) was a type of sorcery which was practiced in Norse society during the Late Scandinavian Iron Age . Connected with Norse religion , its origins are largely unknown , although it gradually eroded following the Christianization of Scandinavia . Accounts of seiðr later made it into sagas and other literary sources , while further evidence has been unearthed by archaeologists . Various scholars have debated the nature of seiðr , some arguing that it was shamanic in context , involving visionary journeys by its practitioners .   Seiðr practitioners were of both sexes , although females are more widely attested , with such sorceresses being variously known as vǫlur , seiðkonur and vísendakona . There were also accounts of male practitioners , known as seiðmenn , but in practising magic they brought a social taboo , known as ergi , on to themselves , and were sometimes persecuted as a result . In many cases these magical practitioners would have had assistants to aid them in their rituals .   In pre-Christian Norse mythology , seiðr was associated with both the god Oðinn , a deity who was simultaneously responsible for war , poetry and sorcery , and the goddess Freyja , a member of the Vanir who was believed to have taught the practice to the Æsir .   In the 20th century , adherents of various modern pagan new religious movements adopted forms of magico-religious practice that include seiðr . The practices of these contemporary seiðr-workers have since been investigated by various academic researchers operating in the field of pagan studies .

neg: Cŵn Annwn In Welsh mythology and folklore , Cŵn Annwn ( -LSB- kuːn ˈanʊn -RSB- , `` hounds of Annwn '' ) were the spectral hounds of Annwn , the otherworld of Welsh myth . They were associated with a form of the Wild Hunt , presided over by either Arawn , king of Annwn in the First Branch of the Mabinogi and alluded to in the Fourth , or by Gwyn ap Nudd as the underworld king and king of the fair ( y ) folk is named in later medieval lore .   In Wales , they were associated with migrating geese , supposedly because their honking in the night is reminiscent of barking dogs .   Hunting grounds for the Cŵn Annwn are said to include the mountain of Cadair Idris , where it is believed `` the howling of these huge dogs foretold death to anyone who heard them '' .   According to Welsh folklore , their growling is loudest when they are at a distance , and as they draw nearer , it grows softer and softer . Their coming is generally seen as a death portent .

neg: Mögþrasir In Norse mythology , Mögþrasir ( Old Norse , possibly meaning `` the one who is striving for sons '' ) is a jötunn who is solely attested in stanza 49 of the poem Vafþrúðnismál from the Poetic Edda .

neg: Urðr Urðr ( Old Norse `` fate '' ) is one of the Norns in Norse mythology . Along with Verðandi ( possibly `` happening '' or `` present '' ) and Skuld ( possibly `` debt '' or `` future '' ) , Urðr makes up a trio of Norns that are described as deciding the fates of people . Urðr is attested in stanza 20 of the Poetic Edda poem Völuspá and the Prose Edda book Gylfaginning .   Urðr is together with the Norns located at the well Urðarbrunnr beneath the world ash tree Yggdrasil of Asgard . They spin threads of life , cut marks in the pole figures and measure people 's destinies , which shows the fate of all human beings and gods . Norns are always present when a child is born and decide its fate . The three Norns represent the past ( Urðr ) , future ( Skuld ) and present ( Verðandi ) .   Urðr is commonly written as Urd or Urth . In some English translations , her name is glossed with the Old English form of urðr ; Wyrd .

neg: Helgi Hundingsbane Helgi Hundingsbane is a hero in Norse sagas . Helgi appears in Volsunga saga and in two lays in the Poetic Edda named Helgakviða Hundingsbana I and Helgakviða Hundingsbana II . The Poetic Edda relates that Helgi and his mistress Sigrún were Helgi Hjörvarðsson and Sváva of the Helgakviða Hjörvarðssonar reborn . They were once again reborn as Helgi Haddingjaskati and Kára whose story survives as a part of the Hrómundar saga Gripssonar .

neg: Snær In Norse mythology , Snær ( Old Norse Snærr , East Norse Sniō , Latin Nix , Nivis , English `` snow '' ) is seemingly a personification of snow , appearing in extant text as an euhemerized legendary Scandinavian king .

neg: Gunnlaugr Ormstunga Gunnlaugr Ormstunga ( i.e. `` Serpent-Tongue '' ) was an Icelandic poet . His life is described in Gunnlaugs saga ormstungu , where several of his poems are preserved .   Gunnlaugr was born ca. 983 . From an early age he proved himself impetuous , audacious , brave , and tough . He was also a skilled author of mostly derogatory poems , which earned him the cognomen ormstunga , `` serpent 's tongue '' . After a quarrel with his father , Illugi , Gunnlaugr left his home at the age of twelve to stay for some time at Borg with Þorsteinn Egilsson , the son of Egill Skallagrímsson . There , he became acquainted with Þorsteinn 's daughter , Helga the fair , reputedly the most beautiful woman in Iceland . Her hair was so ample that she could hide herself in it .   When Gunnlaugr was eighteen , he went abroad . At that time , Helga became his fiancée , on the condition that she would wait no more than three years for Gunnlaugr . He visited the courts of Norway , Ireland , Orkney and Sweden and England . In Sweden , he visited the court of King Óláfr Skötkonung where he met his rival , the Icelandic champion and skald , Hrafn Önundarson .   Gunnlaugr 's stay in the service of King Æthelred of England delayed his return to Iceland and Helga . He did not return until four years had passed ( ca. 1005 ) . Since Gunnlaugr had been gone longer than his allotted three years , Helga was forced into an unhappy marriage to Gunnlaugr 's rival , Hrafn Önundarson . Gunnlaugr and Hrafn met at the Althing and Gunnlaugr challenged Hrafn to a duel of honour , a holmgang ( hólmganga ) . The duel ended in a draw and was the last one allowed in Iceland . From that time hólmganga were forbidden by Icelandic law .   In order to settle their dispute in blood , the two champions met in Norway in the spring of 1008 . There , Gunnlaugr defeated Hrafn , but was fatally wounded . After a short time he died . He was 25 . Helga later remarried , but never recovered from Gunnlaugr 's death . Her greatest pleasure was to rest her eyes on a sumptuous coat that Gunnlaugr had given her . One evening , she rested her head on her husband 's shoulder , spread the coat in front of her , and watched it for a while . Thereafter , she fell back into her husband 's embrace and was dead .

neg: Víðblindi Víðblindi or Viðblindi ( `` Very blind '' ) is a giant in Norse mythology .   The skald Hallar-Steinn uses the kenning `` Viðblindi 's boar '' ( Viðblinda göltr ) for whale in a stanza quoted by Snorri Sturluson in his Skáldskaparmál . Snorri explains it as follows :   Here the whale is called Boar of Viðblindi ; this Viðblindi was a giant who drew whales out of the sea like fishes .   -- Skáldskaparmál ( XLVI ) , Brodeur 's translation   A similar kenning for whale , `` Víðblindi 's pig '' ( Víðblinda svín ) , can be found in an anonymous stanza from the 13th century preserved in Laufás-Edda .   Rudolf Simek noted that the only giant known for fishing whales is Hymir , but he is never called Víðblindi / Viðblindi .   Víðblindi is also listed among the giants in the þulur .

neg: Fimafeng Fimafeng is a servant of Ægir in Norse mythology . His name means `` quick service '' or `` handy service . '' In the Lokasenna , Fimafeng and Eldir did a good job of welcoming guests to a feast for the Æsir being hosted by Ægir . Loki was jealous of the praise being heaped upon them and killed Fimafeng . This caused the Norse gods to expel Loki from the party . Loki returns to the party and offers an elaborate series of insults ( flyting ) of the gods .   Category : Servants in Norse mythology

neg: Mag Mell In Irish mythology , Mag Mell ( modern spelling : Magh Meall , meaning `` plain of joy '' ) was a mythical realm achievable through death and/or glory . Unlike the underworld in some mythologies , Mag Mell was a pleasurable paradise , identified as either an island far to the west of Ireland or a kingdom beneath the ocean . However , Mag Mell was similar to the fields of Elysium in Greek mythology , and like the fields of Elysium , was accessible only to a select few . Furthermore , Mag Mell , like the numerous other mystical islands said to be off the coast of Ireland , was never explicitly stated in any surviving mythological account to be an afterlife . Rather , it is usually portrayed as a paradisal location populated by deities , which is occasionally visited by some adventurous mortals . In its island guise it was visited by various Irish heroes and monks forming the basis of the Adventure Myth or `` echtrae '' as defined by Myles Dillon in his book Early Irish Literature . This otherworld is a place where sickness and death do not exist . It is a place of eternal youth and beauty . Here , music , strength , life and all pleasurable pursuits come together in a single place . Here happiness lasts forever , no one wants for food or drink . It is the Irish equivalent of the Greek Elysium or the Valhalla of the Norse .   Legends say its ruler is the Fomorian King Tethra , or more frequently Manannan mac Lir . Mag Mell 's allure extended from the pagan era to Christian times . In later stories , the realm is less an afterlife destination than an Earthly Paradise which adventurers could reach by traveling west from Ireland , often blown off course by providential tempests while on an inspired mission . They typically explore many other fantastic islands before reaching their destination and returning home ( or sailing on ) . Among these voyagers are St. Brendan , Bran mac Febal ( see The Voyage of Bran ) , and Mael Dúin .   Irish monks , being celebrated sailors , doubtless inspired such stories and were inspired by them . They reached and colonized any number of faraway islands , and St. Brendan is even speculated to have reached the New World a thousand years before Columbus .

neg: Ivar Ivar ( Old Norse Ívarr ) is a Scandinavian masculine given name . Another variant of the name is Iver , which is more common in Norway .  The Old Norse name has several possible etymologies . In North Germanic phonology , several of the elements common to Germanic names became homophonous . The first element Ívarr may contain yr `` yew '' and - arr ( from hari , `` warrior '' ) ,  but it may have become partly conflated with Ingvar , and possibly Joar ( element jó `` horse '' ) . The second element - arr may alternatively also be from geir `` spear '' or it may be var `` protector '' .  The name was adopted into English as Ivor , into Gaelic as Iomhar , and into Latvian as Ivars .

neg: Wayland the Smith In Norse mythology , Wayland the Smith ( Wēland ; Wiolant Wēlandaz variously Galan and Galand in French ; from * Wēla-nandaz , lit . `` battle-brave '' ) is a legendary master blacksmith , described by Jessie Weston as `` the weird and malicious craftsman , Weyland '' . In Old Norse sources , Völundr appears in Völundarkviða , a poem in the Poetic Edda , and in Þiðrekssaga , and his legend is also depicted on Ardre image stone VIII . In Old English sources , he appears in Deor , Waldere and in Beowulf and the legend is depicted on the Franks Casket . He is mentioned in the German poems about Theoderic the Great as the Father of Witige .


query: Iain Glen is only a film actor.

pos: Iain Glen Iain Glen ( born 24 June 1961 ) is a Scottish film , television , and stage actor . Glen is best known for his roles as Dr. Alexander Isaacs / Tyrant in the Resident Evil films and for portraying Ser Jorah Mormont on Game of Thrones . Other notable roles include John Hanning Speke in Mountains of the Moon , Sir Richard Carlisle in Downton Abbey , the title role in Jack Taylor and Jarrod Slade in Cleverman .

neg: Gary Love Gary Love is a British actor and film director . He is best known for playing the role of Sergeant Tony Wilton in the award winning series Soldier Soldier . Also in Grange Hill as Jimmy McClaren in 1984 . He is also a director and has directed episodes of Londons Burning , Casualty & Waking The Dead .   He attended the Barbara Speake Stage School in Acton , west London .

neg: Yasmin (2004 film) Yasmin is a 2004 drama directed by Kenneth Glenaan , written by Simon Beaufoy and starring Archie Panjabi and Renu Setna . It is set amongst a British Pakistani community in parts of Keighley ( in West Yorkshire , England ) before and after the events of the 11 September 2001 attacks .

neg: James Smillie James Smillie is a British and Australian actor known for his roles in stage and television productions and voice over . Smillie was born in Scotland and emigrated from the Glasgow tenements , carving out a career in Australia before returning to the United Kingdom to appear in stage roles in London 's West End . On television , he is probably best known internationally for his role as Dr. Dan Marshall in the lavish 1980s Australian soap opera Return to Eden .

neg: Directors Guild of Great Britain The Directors Guild of Great Britain ( DGGB ) is a professional organization which represents directors across all media , including film , television , theatre , radio , opera , commercials , music videos , corporate film/video and training , documentaries , multimedia and `` new technology '' . It has evolved to become an independent trade union and a non-profit limited company , asset-linked to the Directors Guild Trust , the charity arm of the Guild .

neg: The Last King of Scotland (film) The Last King of Scotland is a 2006 British historical drama film based on Giles Foden 's novel The Last King of Scotland ( 1998 ) , adapted by screenwriters Peter Morgan and Jeremy Brock , and directed by Kevin Macdonald . The film was a co-production between companies from the United Kingdom and the United States , including Fox Searchlight Pictures and Film4 , and was a financial success .   The film tells the fictional story of Nicholas Garrigan ( James McAvoy ) , a young Scottish doctor who travels to Uganda and becomes the personal physician of President Idi Amin ( Forest Whitaker ) . The film is based on events of Amin 's rule , and the title comes from a reporter in a press conference who wishes to verify whether Amin , who was known to adopt fanciful imperial titles for himself , declared himself the King of Scotland .   The film received widespread critical acclaim . Particular focus went to Whitaker , who received outstanding critical acclaim for his portrayal of Amin . He won Best Actor at the Academy Awards , among others .

neg: Graeme McGeagh Graeme McGeagh is a Scottish Screenwriter and Actor . He is possibly best known for co-writing and playing the leading role of Tom Collins in the film A Practical Guide to a Spectacular Suicide .

neg: Not Another Happy Ending Not Another Happy Ending is a 2013 British romantic comedy film directed by John McKay , starring Karen Gillan , Stanley Weber and Freya Mavor . Produced by Claire Mundell and Wendy Griffin , and written by David Solomons , the film premiered at the Edinburgh International Film Festival on 30 June 2013 .   It was largely shot in Glasgow 's Merchant City .

neg: Adrian Paul Adrian Paul ( born Adrian Paul Hewett ; 29 May 1959 ) is an English actor known for his titular role on the television series Highlander : The Series as Duncan MacLeod . In 1997 , he founded the Peace Fund charitable organisation .

neg: Glasgow Film Festival The Glasgow Film Festival is an annual film festival based in Glasgow , Scotland . The festival began in 2005 . By 2015 , the festival had seen audience figures top 40,000 for two consecutive years .

neg: Michael Craig (actor) Michael Francis Gregson ( born 27 January 1928 ) , known professionally as Michael Craig , is a British actor and scriptwriter , known for his work in theatre , film and television both in the United Kingdom and Australia .

neg: Glen Island (disambiguation) Glen Island is an island in Nunavut , Canada .   Glen Island may also refer to :   Glen Island ( Thames ) , land between the head of the Jubilee River and the River Thames , England  Glen Island Park , an island and park in Long Island Sound , Westchester County , New York

neg: Adam Campbell (actor) Adam Campbell ( born Adam Jones ; 19 August 1980 ) is an English actor . He has appeared in films such as Date Movie and Epic Movie , and portrayed Cal Vandeusen in the horror miniseries Harper 's Island . He currently appears in the sitcom Great News as Greg Walsh .

neg: BAFTA Award for Best Film The BAFTA Award for Best Film is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . It has been given since the 1st BAFTA Awards , representing the best films of 1947 , but until 1969 it was called the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source . It is possible for films from any country to be nominated , although British films are also recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best British Film and ( since 1983 ) foreign-language films in BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language . As such , there have been multiple occasions of a film being nominated in two of these categories .   There has been one tie for the Best Film award when , in 1962 , Ballad of a Soldier tied with The Hustler for Best Film from any Source . Until 1981 , the award was given to the director , except in 1976 and 1977 , when it was given to the producers . From 1981 to 1985 , it was given solely to the producers , and then in 1986 , it was shared between the Director and Producer . In 1998 , it was once again given to only the producers .   In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .

neg: Jamie Quinn (actor) Jamie Quinn is a Scottish actor and musician . He is best known for playing the roles of Fergie in Still Game , Private Kevin `` Mac '' McDowell in Bluestone 42 and Ian Baird in Two Doors Down .

neg: Jack Galloway Jack Stewart Galloway is a British actor .   His television credits include Mackenzie , The Mayor of Casterbridge , Bergerac , Maigret , The Paradise Club , and Blackbeard . His film credits include roles in A Bridge Too Far ( 1977 ) , Foreign Body ( 1986 ) , Dirty Weekend ( 1993 ) , Mrs Dalloway ( 1997 ) , A Different Loyalty ( 2004 ) , A Reel Life ( 2015 ) and Speed Love ( 2016 ) .

neg: Iain Blair Iain Blair ( 12 August 1942 -- 3 July 2011 ) was a Scottish actor and author who , using the pen name Emma Blair wrote a series of romantic novels .

neg: Grigor Taylor Grigor Taylor ( born 1943 ) also known as Greg Taylor , is an Australian actor , best known for his parts in several television series including Matlock Police and Glenview High .

neg: Hugh Grant Hugh John Mungo Grant ( born 9 September 1960 ) is an English actor and film producer . Grant has received a Golden Globe , a BAFTA , and an Honorary César for his work . His films have earned more than US$ 2.4 billion from 25 theatrical releases worldwide . Grant first received attention after earning the Volpi Cup for his performance in James Ivory 's Maurice ( 1987 ) but achieved international success after appearing in the Richard Curtis-scripted Four Weddings and a Funeral ( 1994 ) . Grant used this breakthrough role as a frequent cinematic persona during the 1990s , delivering comic performances in films such as Mickey Blue Eyes ( 1999 ) and Notting Hill ( 1999 ) . One of the best known figures in 1990s British popular culture , Grant was in a high-profile relationship with Elizabeth Hurley , which was the focus of much attention in the British and international media .   By the turn of the 21st century , Grant had established himself as a leading man , skilled with a satirical comic talent . Grant has expanded his oeuvre with critically acclaimed turns as a cad in Bridget Jones 's Diary ( 2001 ) , About a Boy ( 2002 ) , and American Dreamz ( 2006 ) . Grant later played against type with multiple cameo roles in the epic sci-fi drama film , Cloud Atlas ( 2012 ) . He 's also known for appearing in period pieces such as The Remains of the Day ( 1993 ) , Sense and Sensibility ( 1995 ) and Florence Foster Jenkins ( 2016 ) .   Within the film industry , Grant is cited as an anti-star who approaches his roles like a character actor , and attempts to make his acting appear spontaneous . Hallmarks of his comic skills include a nonchalant touch of irony/sarcasm and studied physical mannerisms , as well as his precisely-timed dialogue delivery and facial expressions . The entertainment media 's coverage of Grant 's life off the big screen has often overshadowed his work as an actor . Grant has been outspoken about his antipathy towards the profession of acting , and in his disdain towards the culture of celebrity and hostility towards the media . In a career spanning 30 years , Grant has repeatedly claimed that acting was not his true calling , but rather a career that unintentionally developed by happenstance .

neg: Rory MacGregor Rory MacGregor ( born 2 August 1976 ) is a British actor , who has played a variety of roles on television , generally in the 2000s .   MacGregor was born in London , England . He trained at Rose Bruford College of Speech and Drama , graduating in 1999 .   He is best known as Colin Wells in the BBC television series Spooks , a part he performed from 2002-2006 .


query: The Billboard charts included Just Dance.

pos: Just Dance (song) `` Just Dance '' is the debut single by American singer Lady Gaga . The song was produced by RedOne and co-written by RedOne , Gaga and Akon , while also featuring labelmate Colby O'Donis . It was released in 2008 as the lead single from Gaga 's debut studio album , The Fame . The song was written by Gaga in ten minutes as `` a happy record '' . `` Just Dance '' also has influences of R&B and lyrically speaks about being intoxicated at a club .   The song received positive reviews from music critics , who complimented its club anthem-like nature and the synthpop associated with it . The song topped the charts in the United States , Australia , Canada , the Republic of Ireland , the Netherlands and the United Kingdom , as well as reaching the top ten in many other countries . In the United States , `` Just Dance '' was a sleeper hit , spending almost five months on the Billboard Hot 100 before finally reaching the summit of the chart in January 2009 , after being released in April 2008 . The single is among the best-selling singles of all time , having sold over 10 million copies .   The music video of the song portrayed Lady Gaga appearing in a party where she plays the song , prompting party-goers to start dancing in enjoyment . Gaga compared her experience of shooting the video with being on a Martin Scorsese set . `` Just Dance '' was performed by Gaga in a number of live appearances including all of her concert tours . In 2009 , the song received a Grammy nomination in the Best Dance Recording category but lost to electronic duo Daft Punk for their song `` Harder , Better , Faster , Stronger ( Alive 2007 ) '' .

neg: List of number-one dance singles of 2000 (U.S.) These are the Billboard magazine Hot Dance Club Play number one hits of 2000 .

neg: Dance My Generation `` Dance My Generation '' is a single by Japanese band Golden Bomber . It was released on January 1 , 2013 . It debuted in number one on the weekly Oricon Singles Chart and reached number one on the Billboard Japan Hot 100 . It was the 34th best-selling single in Japan in 2013 , with 177,565 copies .

neg: Ultra Dance 13 Ultra Dance 13 is a compilation DJ mix album featuring songs from the dance music genre as well as dance remixes of songs . It is the thirteenth album in the Ultra Dance series . It was released by Ultra Records on February 7 , 2012 .   The album peaked at number 157 on the Billboard 200 chart as well as at number 10 on the Top Dance/Electronic Albums chart .

neg: Just a Little While `` Just a Little While '' is a song by American recording artist Janet Jackson , released as the lead single from her eighth studio album , Damita Jo ( 2004 ) . Written by Jackson and Dallas Austin , the song fuses pop with elements of rock , dance , and funk , and is a reflection of Jackson 's new-found happiness . The song leaked ahead of its scheduled release , causing Jackson 's record company to rush with a music video and promotion . It was released following Jackson 's controversial Super Bowl Halftime Show performance incident on February 2 , 2004 , as the lead single from Damita Jo .   `` Just a Little While '' received favorable reception from critics , who felt its elements of rock and dance-pop would ensure success . However , following the Super Bowl incident , Jackson 's singles and music videos were blacklisted on many radio formats and music channels worldwide , affecting the song 's performance . Although its success in the US was limited , peaking at number 45 on the Billboard Hot 100 , it peaked atop the Hot Dance Club Songs chart . Internationally , it was more successful , reaching the top ten in Belgium , Canada , and Spain and the top twenty in Australia and The United Kingdom . It peaked at number one in Japan for five weeks , and was the year 's second-biggest hit on Japan 's international airplay chart .   The song 's music video , directed by Dave Meyers , was released exclusively in international territories due to the controversy surrounding Jackson at the time . It portrays Jackson filming a DVD for her boyfriend in a futuristic apartment setting , displaying her multiple personae . An alternate live video , filmed in London , was included on Jackson 's From janet . to Damita Jo compilation . Jackson performed the song on television shows including Top of the Pops , Hey ! Hey ! Hey ! , and Festivalbar .

neg: List of number-one dance singles of 1984 (U.S.) These are the Billboard magazine Hot Dance Club Play number one hits of 1984 .

neg: List of Billboard number-one electronic albums of 2005 These are the U.S. number-one electronic albums of 2005 , per the Billboard Dance/Electronic Albums chart .   Note that Billboard publishes charts with an issue date approximately 7 -- 10 days in advance .

neg: List of Billboard number-one singles of 1947 This is a list of number-one songs in the United States during the year 1947 according to Billboard magazine . Prior to the creation of the Billboard Hot 100 , Billboard published multiple singles charts each week . In 1947 , the following three charts were produced :   Best Sellers in Stores -- ranked the biggest selling singles in retail stores , as reported by merchants surveyed throughout the country .  Most Played by Jockeys -- ranked the most played songs on United States radio stations , as reported by radio disc jockeys and radio stations .  Most Played in Jukeboxes -- ranked the most played songs in jukeboxes across the United States .   Shown is a list of songs that topped the Best Sellers in Stores chart .

neg: List of Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles of 1997 The Billboard Hot 100 is a chart that ranks the best-performing singles of the United States . Published by Billboard magazine , the data are compiled by Nielsen SoundScan based collectively on each single 's weekly physical sales and airplay . There were nine singles that peaked atop the charts , but if `` Un-Break My Heart '' is excluded from the count ( for the song started its peak in the previous year ) , the total would be eight , the second lowest for a single year , tied with 1996 and subsequently , 2005 . The longest running number-one single of 1997 is `` Candle in the Wind 1997 '' / `` Something About the Way You Look Tonight '' , which logged 14 weeks at the top of the Billboard Hot 100 . Two of those weeks were logged in 1998 while the remaining 12 were attained in 1997 .

neg: List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1983 The Billboard 200 , published in Billboard magazine , is a weekly chart that ranks the highest-selling music albums and EPs in the United States . In 1983 , the name of the chart was Top LPs & Tape . Before Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991 , Billboard estimated sales from a representative sampling of record stores nationwide , using telephone , fax or messenger service . Data were based on rankings made by the record stores of the best-selling records , not on actual sales figures .   There were six number-one albums on this chart in 1983 , including the debut album of the Australian band Men at Work , Business as Usual , which spent the last seven weeks of 1982 and the first eight weeks of 1983 at number one , and was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) in 1984 . Thriller , the sixth studio album by recording artist Michael Jackson , was released on November 1982 . It peaked at number one for twenty-two non-consecutive weeks in 1983 with another fifteen consecutive weeks at the top into the following year , and seven songs from the album became top ten singles between late 1982 and early 1984 . Two of them : `` Billie Jean '' and `` Beat It '' , reached the top position of the Billboard Hot 100 . Thriller won eight Grammy Awards , including Album of the Year at the 26th Grammy Awards , and was the best-selling album of 1983 with more than fifteen million copies sold . In 2008 , twenty-five years after its release , the record was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame , and a few weeks later , it was among twenty-five recordings preserved by the Library of Congress to the National Recording Registry as `` culturally significant '' .   Flashdance , the soundtrack to the 1983 musical and romance film of the same name , peaked at number one for two weeks and won the Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture . The two singles released from the album , `` Flashdance ... What a Feeling '' by Irene Cara , and `` Maniac '' by Michael Sembello , reached the top of the singles chart in 1983 . The New York Times considered the British band The Police to be the year 's most influential rock band . Australian , British , and American bands copied the white-reggae formula of their ( The Police 's ) earlier successes . The group released their fifth and final studio album , Synchronicity , in 1983 . The album , a varied accomplished blend of rock , funk , and third-world rhythms , stayed at number one for seventeen weeks and was certified four times platinum by the RIAA in 1984 . Metal Health , the third album by heavy metal band Quiet Riot , peaked at number one for one week , becoming the first heavy metal record to reach the top of the Billboard 200 . Singer-songwriter Lionel Richie released his second album Ca n't Slow Down in 1983 , which spent three weeks at the top and won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year at the 27th Grammy Awards .

neg: List of Billboard number-one electronic albums of 2008 These are the U.S. number-one electronic albums of 2008 , per the Billboard Dance/Electronic Albums chart .   Note that Billboard publishes charts with an issue date approximately 7 -- 10 days in advance .

neg: List of number-one dance singles of 1995 (U.S.) These are the Billboard magazine Hot Dance Club Play number one hits of 1995 .

neg: Now That's What I Call Music! 37 (U.S. series) Now That 's What I Call Music ! 37 was released on February 8 , 2011 . The album is the 37th edition of the ( U.S. ) Now ! series . Seven tracks selected for the album were number-one hits on the Billboard Hot 100 : `` Love The Way You Lie '' , `` Just the Way You Are '' , `` Firework '' , `` Raise Your Glass '' , `` We R Who We R '' , `` Only Girl ( In The World ) '' and `` Like a G6 '' .   Now ! 37 debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 albums chart with first week sales of 151,000 , the biggest week for any US-released Now album since Now ! 31 started at number one with 169,000 in July 2009 .

neg: I Just Wanna Dance I Just Wan na Dance is the debut extended play by South Korea-based American singer Tiffany . It was released by S.M. Entertainment on May 11 , 2016 . Lee Soo-man , former president of S.M. Entertainment , served as executive producer on the EP . The EP marked the official solo debut of Tiffany after having been known as a member of South Korean girl group Girls ' Generation for nearly nine years . Musically , the record is a primarily synthpop album with elements of trap and R&B that draws heavy influence from American female artists of the 1990s .   Tiffany promoted the EP in South Korea by holding a debut showcase at SMTown COEX Artium in Seoul on May 10 , 2016 and through a six-leg concert titled Weekend-Tiffany in June 2016 . She also appeared on several music shows including M Countdown and Show Champion . The title track `` I Just Wan na Dance '' was released as the lead single from the EP . Upon its release , I Just Wan na Dance received generally favorable reviews from music critics , who praised Tiffany 's vocals while comparing its styles to those of works by Carly Rae Jepsen , Ariana Grande and Mariah Carey . The EP was also well received commercially , peaking at numbers three on South Korea 's Gaon Album Chart and US Billboard World Albums Chart .

neg: Dirty Dancing (soundtrack) Dirty Dancing is the original soundtrack of the 1987 film Dirty Dancing . The album became a huge commercial success . It went on to sell 32 million copies worldwide and is one of the best-selling albums of all time .  In the United States the album spent 18 weeks at # 1 on the Billboard 200 album sales charts and went multi-platinum .  As of 2007 , it is still re-entering the Irish charts on occasion , having spent more than 230 weeks in the top 30 .   There was a follow-up album entitled More Dirty Dancing ( 1988 ) .   Ultimate Dirty Dancing ( full title : Dirty Dancing : Ultimate Dirty Dancing ) was released in 2003 and contains every song from the motion picture Dirty Dancing sequenced in the order it appears in the film .

neg: List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1981 The Billboard 200 , published in Billboard magazine , is a weekly chart that ranks the 200 highest-selling music albums and EPs in the United States . Before Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991 , Billboard estimated the sales for the album charts from a representative sampling of record stores nationwide , which was gathered by telephone , fax or messenger service . The data was based on reports from record stores , who ranked the popularity of the best-selling records but did not provide an actual sales figures .

neg: Kid Albums Kid Albums ( formerly known as Top Kid Audio ) is a music chart published weekly by Billboard magazine which ranks the top selling children 's music albums in the United States . The chart debuted on the issue dated September 9 , 1995 . It originally began as a 15-position chart , but has now been expanded to 25 . Rankings are compiled by point-of-purchase sales obtained by Nielsen Soundscan data and from legal digital downloads from an all music digital retailers .   The Kid Albums chart features full-length albums that are geared towards children or teenage audiences . Some of the genres can extend from baby music , like lullabies , to soundtracks for films that are targeted to children of the age 5-9 to pop , teen pop and other subdivisions of it . Studio albums , EPs , compilation albums and soundtracks are also eligible for the chart .   The first number-one title on the Top Kid Audio chart was a compilation album from Walt Disney Records titled , Classic Disney , Vol . 1 .

neg: Colby O'Donis Colby O'Donis ( born Colby O'Donis Colón ; March 14 , 1989 ) is an American singer , songwriter , actor and record producer . He is best known as a featured artist in the Lady Gaga single `` Just Dance '' , which spent more than eleven months on the Billboard Hot 100 . He is also well known for his lead single on his debut album Colby O titled `` What You Got '' featuring Akon , which peaked at number 14 on the Hot 100 , and being featured on Akon 's song `` Beautiful '' , which peaked at number 19 on the Hot 100 .

neg: List of number-one dance singles of 1977 (U.S.) These are the Billboard magazine Hot Dance Club Play number one hits of 1977 .

neg: List of million-selling singles in the United Kingdom A million-selling single is regarded by the Official Charts Company ( OCC ) as one that has sold at least 1 million copies since the start of the UK Singles Chart in November 1952 . As well as a traditional purchase of a physical record , a sale can represent one permanent digital download of a track ( physical singles usually consist of two songs , although both are only included in sales figures for double A sides or where both receive a high level of interest and airplay ) . Both British Phonographic Industry ( BPI ) - certified awards ( Silver , Gold and Platinum ) and the weekly charts now include audio streaming but these are not included in the sales figures published by the OCC . Certified awards can also include shipments ( sales to trade ) . The OCC and Music Week regularly announce when a record becomes a million seller .   , 167 singles have sold 1 million copies in the UK . Of these , 108 were originally released in the 20th century ( 70 of them selling 1 million before the year 2000 ) and the remainder were released between 2000 and 2014 . The most recently released single to become a million-seller is `` Uptown Funk '' by Mark Ronson featuring Bruno Mars , which was released in December 2014 and passed a million sales ten weeks later in February 2015 . Bing Crosby 's `` White Christmas '' is the earliest release : originally 1942 , although only sales from 1952 onwards are counted . The year in which the most million-sellers were released is 2011 , with twelve ; while a record 36 releases from both the 1990s and the 2010s have sold a million copies . Only two million sellers have failed to reach the top 5 on the UK Singles Chart : Snow Patrol 's `` Chasing Cars '' and Journey 's `` Do n't Stop Believin ' '' , both of which peaked at number 6 .

neg: Free the World `` Free the World '' is a single by American singer La Toya Jackson . Jackson spent six years in seclusion after divorcing her abusive late ex-husband and manager , Jack Gordon , in 1997 . After her years in exile , the September 11th attacks inspired Jackson to write `` Free the World '' . She recorded and performed it for friends , who immediately fell in love with it . This led to the revival of Jackson 's 25-year-old music career .   This song led Jackson to begin work on her Startin ' Over album , which included the 2004 Billboard chart hit `` Just Wan na Dance '' as the lead single . `` Free the World '' was released as a follow-up and charted in March 2005 . The single peaked at # 24 on the Billboard Hot Dance Club Play charts .   The song is an appeal to free the world from segregation , discrimination and years of war . VH1 described the ballad as the `` most appropriate song for the world . '' About.com dubbed Jason Randolph 's remix a `` trippily hypnotic treat '' with a `` churning rhythm track and mesmerizing synth . ''


query: Mickey Rooney was in a film based on the novel The Black Stallion by Walter Farley.

pos: Mickey Rooney Mickey Rooney ( born Joseph Yule , Jr. ; September 23 , 1920 -- April 6 , 2014 ) was an American actor , vaudevillian , producer , and radio personality . In a career spanning nine decades and continuing until shortly before his death , he appeared in more than 300 films and was one of the last surviving stars of the silent film era .   At the height of a career that was marked by precipitous declines and raging comebacks , Rooney performed the role of Andy Hardy in a series of 15 films in the 1930s and 1940s that epitomized American family values . A versatile performer , he became a celebrated character actor later in his career . Laurence Olivier once said he considered Rooney `` the best there has ever been . '' Clarence Brown , who directed him in two of his earliest dramatic roles , National Velvet and The Human Comedy , said he was `` the closest thing to a genius I ever worked with . ''   Rooney first performed in vaudeville as a child and made his film debut at the age of six . At 14 he played Puck in the play and later the 1935 film adaptation of A Midsummer Night 's Dream . Critic David Thomson hailed his performance as `` one of cinema 's most arresting pieces of magic '' . In 1938 , he co-starred in Boys Town . At nineteen he was the first teenager to be nominated for an Oscar for his leading role in Babes in Arms , and he was awarded a special Academy Juvenile Award in 1939 . At the peak of his career between the ages of 15 and 25 , he made forty-three films , which made him one of MGM 's most consistently successful actors and a favorite of studio head Louis B. Mayer .   Rooney was the top box office attraction from 1939 to 1941 , and one of the best-paid actors of that era , but his career never rose to such heights again . Drafted into the Army during World War II , he served nearly two years entertaining over two million troops on stage and radio and was awarded a Bronze Star for performing in combat zones . Returning from the war in 1945 , he was too old for juvenile roles but too short to be an adult movie star , and was unable to get as many starring roles . Nevertheless , Rooney 's popularity was renewed with well-received supporting roles in films such as Requiem for a Heavyweight ( 1962 ) , It 's a Mad , Mad , Mad , Mad World ( 1963 ) , and The Black Stallion ( 1979 ) . In the early 1980s , he returned to Broadway in Sugar Babies and again became a celebrated star . Rooney made hundreds of appearances on TV , including dramas , variety programs , and talk shows , and won an Emmy in 1964 , with another Emmy plus a Golden Globe for his role in Bill ( 1981 ) .   At his death , Vanity Fair called him `` the original Hollywood train wreck . '' He struggled with alcohol and pill addiction and married eight times , the first time to Ava Gardner . Despite earning millions during his career , he had to file for bankruptcy in 1962 due to mismanagement of his finances . Shortly before his death in 2014 at age 93 , he alleged mistreatment by some family members and testified before Congress about what he alleged was physical abuse and exploitation by family members . By the end of his life , his millions in earnings had dwindled to an estate that was valued at only $ 18,000 . He died owing medical bills and back taxes , and contributions were solicited from the public .

pos: The Black Stallion (film) The Black Stallion is a 1979 American film based on the 1941 classic children 's novel The Black Stallion by Walter Farley . It tells the story of Alec Ramsey , who is shipwrecked on a deserted island with a wild Arabian stallion whom he befriends . After being rescued , they are set on entering a race challenging two champion horses .   The film is adapted by Melissa Mathison , Jeanne Rosenberg and William D. Wittliff . It is directed by Carroll Ballard . The movie stars Kelly Reno , Mickey Rooney , Teri Garr , Hoyt Axton , and the Arabian horse Cass Ole . The film features music by Carmine Coppola , the father of Hollywood producer Francis Ford Coppola , who was the executive producer of the film .

neg: Tim Rooney Timothy Hayes Yule ( January 4 , 1947 -- September 23 , 2006 ) , better known as Tim Rooney , was an American actor and voice actor . He was the second son of actor Mickey Rooney and suffered from a muscle disease known as dermatomyositis .

neg: The Last Mile (1932 film) The Last Mile is a 1932 American film directed by Samuel Bischoff and starring Howard Phillips and Preston Foster .  The picture is based on John Wexley 's 1930 Broadway play , The Last Mile . In 1959 the play was adapted a second time into a film of the same name starring Mickey Rooney .

neg: Stroker Ace Stroker Ace is a 1983 American action comedy film , directed by Hal Needham and filmed in North Carolina and Georgia . Burt Reynolds stars as the eponymous Stroker Ace , a NASCAR driver .   The co-stars were Jim Nabors , Loni Anderson , Ned Beatty , Parker Stevenson , and Bubba Smith , with appearances by many NASCAR drivers , such as : Dale Earnhardt , Richard Petty , Neil Bonnett , Harry Gant , Terry Labonte , Kyle Petty , Benny Parsons , Tim Richmond , Ricky Rudd , Cale Yarborough , and announcers Ken Squier , David Hobbs , and Chris Economaki . The movie was filmed on location at Charlotte Motor Speedway , Talladega Superspeedway and the Atlanta Motor Speedway in Hampton , Georgia . The theme song was performed by Charlie Daniels .   Burt Reynolds turned down the role of astronaut Garrett Breedlove in Terms of Endearment to do this film . The role went to Jack Nicholson , who went on to win an Academy Award . Reynolds said he made this decision because `` I felt I owed Hal more than I owed Jim '' but that it was a turning point in his career from which he never recovered . `` That 's where I lost them , '' he says of his fans .   The movie was adapted from the 1974 novel Stand On It , an autobiography of fictional driver `` Stroker Ace . '' The novel 's joint authors , William Neely and Robert K. Ottum , based the book on actual events from the racing world but with their protagonist as the subject .

neg: My Little Chickadee My Little Chickadee is a 1940 American comedy-western film starring Mae West and W.C. Fields , and featuring Joseph Calleia , Ruth Donnelly , Margaret Hamilton , Donald Meek , Willard Robertson , Dick Foran , William B. Davidson , and Addison Richards . The film was released by Universal Studios . It was directed by Edward F. Cline . The original music was written by Ben Oakland ( song `` Willie of the Valley '' ) and Frank Skinner .   West reportedly wrote the original screenplay , with Fields contributing one extended scene set in a bar . Universal decided to give the stars equal screenplay credit , perhaps to avoid the appearance of favoritism , but the move incensed West , who declined to re-team with Fields afterwards . The stars spoofed themselves and the Western genre , with West providing a series of her trademark double entendres .

neg: Polo Is My Life Polo Is My Life is an unpublished novel written by Hunter S. Thompson . It was briefly excerpted in Rolling Stone in 1994 , and which Thompson himself described in 1996 as '' ... a sex book -- you know , sex , drugs and rock and roll . It 's about the manager of a sex theater who 's forced to leave and flee to the mountains . He falls in love and gets in even more trouble than he was in the sex theater in San Francisco '' . The novel was slated to be released by Random House in 1999 , and was even assigned ISBN 0-679-40694-8 , but was not published .   Thompson recalled the origin of the title during the conclusion of an October 30 , 1998 interview on Charlie Rose : `` I remember this woman ... the title comes from ... I was talking to this woman that I developed a correspondence for -- a polo person -- and , she had a violent husband , the cops were all over me ... chasing me ; I said , ` Let 's go to Australia , go on a plane ... across Australia ' , and she said , ` You do n't understand . Polo is my life . I ca n't run away with you . Who would take care of my ponies ? ' That 's where Polo Is My Life comes from '' .

neg: Buffalo '66 Buffalo '66 is a 1998 comedy-drama film that is writer-director Vincent Gallo 's full-length motion picture debut . Vincent Gallo and Christina Ricci star in the lead roles and the supporting cast includes Mickey Rourke , Rosanna Arquette , Ben Gazzara , and Anjelica Huston . Gallo also composed and performed much of the music for the film .   The film received critical acclaim and Empire listed it as the 36th-greatest independent film ever made . It was filmed in and around Gallo 's native Buffalo , New York in winter . The film uses British progressive rock music in its soundtrack , notably King Crimson and Yes .   The title refers to the Buffalo Bills football team , with the number referring to the statement , `` They have n't won a championship since 1966 . '' This is critical to the plot which focuses on the Super Bowl in which the Bills , in the early 1990s , came very close to winning , but the game was blown with a missed field goal .

neg: Twentieth Century (film) Twentieth Century is a 1934 American pre-Code screwball comedy film . Much of the film is set on the 20th Century Limited train as it travels from Chicago to New York City . The film was directed by Howard Hawks , stars John Barrymore and Carole Lombard , and features Walter Connolly , Roscoe Karns and Edgar Kennedy . Ben Hecht and Charles MacArthur adapted their Broadway play of the same name -- itself based on the unproduced play Napoleon of Broadway by Charles Bruce Millholland -- with uncredited contributions from Gene Fowler and Preston Sturges .   Along with Frank Capra 's It Happened One Night , also released in 1934 ( which amazingly has exactly the same music over the opening titles ) , Twentieth Century is considered to be a prototype for the screwball comedy . `` Howard Hawks ' rapid-fire romantic comedy established the essential ingredients of the screwball -- a dizzy dame , a charming but befuddled hero , dazzling dialogue and a dash of slapstick . '' Its success propelled Lombard into the front ranks of film comediennes . The film was added to the National Film Registry of the Library of Congress in 2011 .

neg: Mickey's Eleven Mickey 's Eleven is a 1927 silent short film in Larry Darmour 's Mickey McGuire series starring a young Mickey Rooney . Directed by Albert Herman , the two-reel short was released to theaters in November 1927 by FBO .

neg: The Prince and the Pauper (1937 film) The Prince and the Pauper is a 1937 film adaptation of the novel of the same name by Mark Twain . It starred Errol Flynn , twins Billy and Bobby Mauch in the title roles , and Claude Rains .   The film was originally intended to coincide with the coronation of King Edward VIII in 1936 . However , its release was delayed until the following year . The film was released on May 8 , 1937 , four days before the coronation of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth .   The second theme of the final movement of Erich Wolfgang Korngold 's violin concerto was drawn from the music he composed for this film .

neg: The Wooden Horse The Wooden Horse is a 1950 British Second World War war film starring Leo Genn , David Tomlinson and Anthony Steel . It was directed by Jack Lee . It is based on the book of the same name by Eric Williams , who also wrote the screenplay .   The film depicts the true events of an escape attempt made by POWs in the German prison camp Stalag Luft III . The wooden horse in the title of the film is a piece of exercise equipment the prisoners use to conceal their escape attempt as well as a reference to the Trojan Horse which was also used to conceal men within .   It was shot in a low-key style , with a limited budget and a cast including many amateur actors .

neg: A Connecticut Yankee (film) A Connecticut Yankee is a 1931 American Pre-Code film adaptation of Mark Twain 's 1889 novel , A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur 's Court . It was directed by David Butler to a script by William M. Conselman , Owen Davis , and Jack Moffitt . It was produced by Fox Film Corporation ( later 20th Century Fox ) , who had earlier produced the 1921 silent adaptation of the novel , A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur 's Court . A Connecticut Yankee is the first sound film adaptation of Twain 's novel .   As in The Wizard of Oz , many of the actors in the film play more than one role , a character in the real world and one in the dream world . The film stars Will Rogers as Hank Martin , an American accidental time traveler who finds himself in Camelot back in the days of King Arthur ( William Farnum , a Fox star for many years ) . Myrna Loy and Brandon Hurst play the evil Morgan le Fay and Merlin , who must be overcome by Hank 's modern technical knowledge , while Maureen O'Sullivan plays Alisande .   Fox was likely inspired to produce A Connecticut Yankee based on the success of the 1921 silent film . The 1931 version was likewise successful , and was re-released in 1936 . It is unrelated to the 1927 musical also titled A Connecticut Yankee .   The hero 's name was changed from Hank Morgan to Hank Martin , possibly because the original name sounded too similar to that of actor Frank Morgan .   A trailer for the film exists at the Library of Congress .

neg: Rooney Prize for Irish Literature The Rooney Prize for Irish Literature was created in 1976 by the Irish American businessman Dan Rooney , owner and chairman of the NFL Pittsburgh Steelers franchise and former U.S. Ambassador to Ireland . The prize is awarded to Irish writers aged under 40 who are published in Irish or English . Although often associated with individual books , it is intended to reward a body of work . Originally worth # 750 , the current value of the prize is $ 10,000 .

neg: Black Stallion (film) Black Stallion is a 2010 Malayalam film directed by Pramod Pappan . Kalabhavan Mani , Bala and Namitha plays the lead roles in this film . This is Namitha 's first film in Malayalam .

neg: War Horse (novel) War Horse is a children 's novel by English author Michael Morpurgo . It was first published in Great Britain by Kaye & Ward in 1982 . The story recounts the experiences of Joey , a horse purchased by the Army for service in World War I France and the attempts of young Albert , his previous owner , to bring him safely home . It formed the basis of both an award winning play ( 2007 ) and an acclaimed film adaptation ( 2011 ) by Steven Spielberg .

neg: Wild Orchid (film) Wild Orchid is a 1990 American erotic film directed by Zalman King and starring Mickey Rourke , Carré Otis , Jacqueline Bisset , Bruce Greenwood , and Assumpta Serna .   A sequel was released in 1992 entitled Wild Orchid II : Two Shades of Blue .

neg: Little Annie Rooney (1925 film) Little Annie Rooney is a 1925 American silent comedy-drama film starring Mary Pickford and directed by William Beaudine . Pickford , one of the most successful actresses of the silent era , was best known throughout her career for her iconic portrayals of penniless young girls . After generating only modest box office revenue playing adults in her previous two films , Pickford wrote and produced Little Annie Rooney to cater to silent film audiences . Though she was 33 years old , Pickford played the title role , an Irish girl living in the slums of New York City .   The film was a critical and commercial success , becoming one of the highest grossing films of 1925 . Restored by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences in 2014 , Little Annie Rooney is remembered today for Pickford 's performance and the high quality associated with its production .

neg: Not as a Stranger Not as a Stranger is a 1955 Drama film produced and directed by Stanley Kramer based on the 1954 novel of the same name by Morton Thompson . The romantic melodrama novel was widely popular , topping that year 's list of bestselling novels in the United States .   The film was Kramer 's directorial debut and featured Olivia de Havilland and Robert Mitchum in the lead roles , backed by a stellar supporting cast including Frank Sinatra , Gloria Grahame , Broderick Crawford , Charles Bickford , Lon Chaney , Jr. , Harry Morgan , and Lee Marvin . The film was released by United Artists .   Sinatra had catapulted back into the limelight as the result of a supporting role for a film from a similarly popular novel , From Here to Eternity , two years earlier . Initially a minor box office success , Not as a Stranger is seldom seen today , never receiving widespread distribution on home video . It was first released on DVD in 1992 .

neg: The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1939 film) The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a 1939 film adaptation of Mark Twain 's classic novel of the same name , starring Mickey Rooney in the title role . The supporting cast features Walter Connolly , William Frawley and Rex Ingram . It was remade in 1974 as a musical .

neg: Showgirl in Hollywood Showgirl in Hollywood is a 1930 American Pre-Code all-talking musical comedy-drama film with Technicolor sequences , produced and distributed by First National Pictures , a subsidiary of Warner Bros. . The film stars Alice White , Jack Mulhall and Blanche Sweet . It was adapted from the 1929 novel Hollywood Girl , by J. P. McEvoy .   Al Jolson , Ruby Keeler , Noah Beery , Walter Pidgeon , and Loretta Young make cameo appearances in the final reel , which was photographed in Technicolor . Showgirl in Hollywood is a sequel to the 1928 Warner Bros. silent film Show Girl which also starred Alice White as Dixie Dugan .   A French version of the film , titled Le masque d'Hollywood , was directed by Clarence G. Badger and John Daumery .

neg: Jesse James (1939 film) Jesse James ( 1939 ) is a western film directed by Henry King and starring Tyrone Power , Henry Fonda , Nancy Kelly and Randolph Scott . Written by Nunnally Johnson , the film is loosely based on the life of Jesse James , the notorious outlaw from whom the film derives its name . It is `` notorious for its historical inaccuracy . '' The supporting cast features Henry Hull , John Carradine , Brian Donlevy , Jane Darwell and Lon Chaney , Jr. . .   The American Humane Association began to oversee filmmaking after a horse died when it was driven off a cliff on set .