query: Hippocrates was alive between 460 BC and 370 BC in Greece.

pos: Hippocrates Hippocrates of Kos ( -LSB- hɪˈpɒkrəˌtiːz -RSB- Ἱπποκράτης Hippokrátēs ; 460 -- 370 BC ) , also known as Hippocrates II , was a Greek physician of the Age of Pericles ( Classical Greece ) , and is considered one of the most outstanding figures in the history of medicine . He is referred to as the `` Father of Modern Medicine '' in recognition of his lasting contributions to the field as the founder of the Hippocratic School of Medicine . This intellectual school revolutionized medicine in ancient Greece , establishing it as a discipline distinct from other fields with which it had traditionally been associated ( theurgy and philosophy ) , thus establishing medicine as a profession .   However , the achievements of the writers of the Corpus , the practitioners of Hippocratic medicine , and the actions of Hippocrates himself were often commingled ; thus very little is known about what Hippocrates actually thought , wrote , and did . Hippocrates is commonly portrayed as the paragon of the ancient physician , and credited with coining the Hippocratic Oath , still relevant and in use today . He is also credited with greatly advancing the systematic study of clinical medicine , summing up the medical knowledge of previous schools , and prescribing practices for physicians through the Hippocratic Corpus and other works .

neg: Alexicrates Alexicrates ( Ancient Greek : Ἀλεξικράτης ) was a Pythagorean philosopher who lived at the time of Plutarch ( that is , around the turn of the 1st century ) , and whose disciples continued to observe the ancient diet of the Pythagoreans , abstaining from fish altogether . Another person of this name occurs in Plutarch .

neg: Microorganism A microorganism or microbe is a microscopic organism , which may be single-celled or multicellular . The study of microorganisms is called microbiology , a subject that began with the discovery of microorganisms in the 1670s by Antonie van Leeuwenhoek . Robert Hooke coined the term `` cell '' after viewing plant cells under his microscope . Later , in the 19th century , Louis Pasteur found that microorganisms caused food spoilage , debunking the theory of spontaneous generation . In 1876 Robert Koch discovered that microorganisms cause diseases .   Microorganisms are very diverse and include all bacteria , archaea and most protozoa . This group also contains some fungi , algae , and some micro-animals such as rotifers . Many macroscopic animals and plants have microscopic juvenile stages . Some microbiologists classify viruses and viroids as microorganisms , but others consider these as nonliving . In July 2016 , scientists identified a set of 355 genes from the last universal common ancestor of all life , including microorganisms , living on Earth .   Microorganisms live in every part of the biosphere , including soil , hot springs , inside rocks at least 12 mi deep underground , the deepest parts of the ocean , and at least 40 mi high in the atmosphere . Microorganisms , under certain test conditions , have been observed to thrive in the vacuum of outer space . Microorganisms likely far outweigh all other living things combined . The mass of prokaryote microorganisms including the bacteria and archaea may be as much as 0.8 trillion tons of carbon , out of the total biomass of between 1 and 4 trillion tons . Microorganisms appear to thrive in the Mariana Trench , the deepest spot in the Earth 's oceans . Other researchers reported related studies that microorganisms thrive inside rocks up to 580 m below the sea floor under 2590 m of ocean off the coast of the northwestern United States , as well as 2400 m beneath the seabed off Japan . In August 2014 , scientists confirmed the existence of microorganisms living 800 m below the ice of Antarctica . According to one researcher , `` You can find microbes everywhere -- they 're extremely adaptable to conditions , and survive wherever they are . ''   Microorganisms are crucial to nutrient recycling in ecosystems as they act as decomposers . As some microorganisms can fix nitrogen , they are a vital part of the nitrogen cycle , and recent studies indicate that airborne microorganisms may play a role in precipitation and weather . Microorganisms are also exploited in biotechnology , both in traditional food and beverage preparation , and in modern technologies based on genetic engineering . A small proportion of microorganisms are pathogenic , causing disease and even death in plants and animals .

neg: Hypatia Hypatia ( -LSB- ˌhaɪˈpeɪʃə , _ - ʃi.ə -RSB- ; Ὑπατία Hupatía ; born 350 -- 370 ; died 415 ) , often called Hypatia of Alexandria , was a Greek mathematician , astronomer , and philosopher in Egypt , then a part of the Eastern Roman Empire . She was the head of the Neoplatonic school at Alexandria , where she taught philosophy and astronomy .   According to contemporary sources , Hypatia was murdered by a Christian mob or by Christian zealots known as Parabalani after being accused of exacerbating a conflict between two prominent figures in Alexandria , the governor , Orestes , and the bishop , Cyril of Alexandria .

neg: Epimenides Epimenides of Knossos ( Crete ) ( -LSB- ɛpᵻˈmɛnᵻdiːz -RSB- Ἐπιμενίδης ) was a semi-mythical 7th or 6th century BC Greek seer and philosopher-poet .

neg: Callistratus of Aphidnae Callistratus of Aphidnae ( Καλλίστρατος Kallistratos ; died 350s BC ) was an Athenian orator and general in the 4th century BCE .   For many years , as prostates , he supported Spartan interests at Athens , recognizing that Thebes posed a greater threat to Athens . In 371 BC he was one of the crafters of the peace treaty between Athens and Sparta which recognized the hegemony of Athens on the sea and that of Sparta on land . On account of the refusal of the Thebans to surrender Oropus , which on his advice they had been allowed to occupy temporarily , Callistratus , despite his magnificent defence ( which , according to a later legend , so impressed Demosthenes that he resolved to study oratory ) , was condemned to death in 361 BC . He fled to Methone in Macedonia , where he was accommodated by King Perdiccas III who drew on his financial expertise .   Later , he founded the city of Krenides or Daton with a group of colonists from Thasos . After the takeover of the area by Philip II of Macedon , he took refuge in Byzantium . Upon his return to Athens in the 350s he was executed . Following an uncertain suggestion made by Arnold Schaefer in the nineteenth century , a date of death of 355 has often been repeated . However , Isocrates in his On the Peace ( 24 ) , written near the end of the Social War in 355 , seems to know nothing of his return to Athens , and there is no reason why it could not have taken place after the end of the war . On the other hand , Lycurgus ' Against Leocrates ( 93 ) speaks of Callistratus ' death as an event remembered by the older generation but known only by report to the younger generation , so that it can not be dated after 350 .   He was an author of several reforms , notably with the Athenian fiscal administration , and forced the allies of Athens to pay contributions ( syntaxeis ) for taking part in the war effort .   See Xenophon , Hellenica , iii . 3 , vi . 2 ; and Lycurgus , In Leocr . 93 .

neg: Achilleion (Thessaly) Achilleion is an early Neolithic site in Thessaly , Greece . It was partly excavated by the American archaeologist Marija Gimbutas . Achilleion is a large site that is practically untouched by archaeologists which Gimbutas claims to be filled entirely with Neolithic debris and hundreds of Neolithic mounds . An excavation was planned because the dig was expected to have a high yield of artifacts and if successful would possibly provide proof of an earlier age of European Neolithic settlement then was previously known . Excavation was started because it was expected that they would find significant numbers of preceramic Neolithic remains . The work started by Marija Gimbutas was stopped because the dig failed to yield any significant findings , but Gimbutas claims that the dig was interrupted by the political unrest caused by the Cyprus conflict .  Location  The Excavation  The Findings   Location : Achilleion is located in modern-day Greece , in an area now known as Thessaly . Thessaly lies in northern Greece , just south of Macedonia . Thessaly is best known as a popular vacation spot with beautiful scenery , but it was also believed to be filled with artifacts that could give scientists important clues to past civilizations .   The Excavation : The excavation was funded by UCLA in 1973 and 1974 during the months of August and September . The dig was also supported by the National Science Foundation and the Samuel H. Kress foundation . The dig team consisted of Marija Gimbutas leading the excavation along with 40 other students and scholars .   The Findings : While the excavation was still in progress , there were four test pits dug each about 5 meters deep . Some useful things were recovered from the site ; samples of preserved fauna , pottery , and 3 houses were discovered . Unfortunately , Gimbutas overlooked important details when reporting on her excavation , `` No geologic , geomorphologic , sedimentologic , or pedologic study was carried out - a serious failing '' ( McPherron ) .

neg: Phaedrus (Athenian) Phaedrus ( -LSB- ˈfiːdrəs , _ ˈfɛdrəs -RSB- ) , son of Pythocles , of the Myrrhinus deme ( Greek : Φαῖδρος Πυθοκλέους Μυρρινούσιος , Phaĩdros Puthocléous Murrinoúsios ; c. 444 -- 393 BCE ) , was an ancient Athenian aristocrat associated with the inner-circle of the philosopher Socrates . He was indicted in the profanation of the Eleusinian mysteries in 415 during the Peloponnesian War , causing him to flee Athens .   He is best remembered for his depiction in the dialogues of Plato . His philosophically erotic role in his eponymous dialogue and the Symposium inspired later authors , from the ancient comedic playwright Alexis to contemporary philosophers like Robert M. Pirsig and Martha Nussbaum .

neg: Zeno (physician) Zeno ( or Zenon , Ζήνων 3rd and 2nd centuries BC ) was a Greek physician .   He was one of the most eminent of the followers of Herophilus , whom Galen calls `` no ordinary man , '' and who is said by Diogenes Laërtius to have been better able to think than to write . He lived probably at the end of the 3rd and beginning of the 2nd centuries BC , as he was a contemporary of Apollonius Empiricus , with whom he carried on a controversy concerning the meaning of certain marks that are found at the end of some of the chapters of the third book of the Epidemics of Hippocrates . He gave particular attention to the materia medica , and is perhaps the physician whose medical formulae are quoted by Galen , in which case he must have been a native of Laodicea . He is mentioned in several other passages by Galen , and also by Erotianus ; perhaps also by Pliny , Caelius Aurelianus , Alexander of Aphrodisias , and Rufus of Ephesus , but this is uncertain .

neg: List of ancient Western doctors This is an alphabetical list of writers from Ancient Greece and Rome who were doctors , or have left us material that contributes to our knowledge of ancient medicine . In some cases their names look familiar but are not the same as their famous homonyms ( thus earning them an epithet ) .   Aulus Cornelius Celsus ( 1st century AD )  Adamantius Judaeus ( 4th century )  Aegimus  Aëtius Amidenus ( 6th century )  Agathinus ( 1st century AD )  Aglaïs Poet . ( physician ) ( 1st century AD )  Aias/Abas ( 5th-4th century BC )  Alexander Trallianus ( 6th century AD )  Andromachus ( physician ) ( 1st century AD )  Antipater ( 1st-century BC physician ) ( 1st century BC )  Antipater ( 2nd-century physician ) ( 2nd century AD )  Antiphanes of Delos ( in or before 2nd century AD )  Antonius Castor ( 2nd century AD )  Apollonius of Citium ( 1st century BC )  Apollonius ( physician ) ( 3rd century BC )  Archigenes ( 2nd century AD )  Aretaeus ( 2nd century AD )  Aristotle ( 4th century BC )  Asclepiades Pharmacion ( 1st-2nd century AD )  Asclepiades of Bithynia ( 2nd-1st century BC )  Athenaeus of Cilicia ( 1st century BC )  Aulus Gellius ( 2nd century AD )  Bolus of Mendes ( 3rd century BC )  Caelius Aurelianus ( 5th century )  Cassius Felix ( 3rd century )  Charixenus ( 2nd century AD )  Crateuas ( physician ) ( 2nd century BC )  Criton of Heraclea ( 1st-2nd century AD )  Ctesias ( 5th century BC )  Damocrates ( 1st century AD )  Demetrius of Apamea  Dexippus of Cos  Dieuches  Diocles of Carystus  Dioscorides ( 1st century AD )  Erasistratus ( 3rd century BC )  Erotianus ( 1st century AD )  Eudemus ( physician )  Euthydemus ( physician )  Fronto  Galen ( 2nd century AD )  Gargilius Martialis ( 3rd century )  Harpocratio ( 1st-2nd century AD )  Heliodorus ( 1st-2nd century AD )  Heraclas  Heraclides of Tarentum ( 1st century BC )  Herodotus ( physician ) ( 1st century AD )  Herophilus ( 3rd century BC )  Hicesius ( physician ) ( 1st century BC )  Hippocrates ( Hippocratic Corpus ) ( 5th century BC )  Joannes Actuarius  L. Annaeus Seneca  Leonidas ( physician ) ( 1st-2nd century AD )  M. Porcius Cato  Marcellinus ( physician ) ( 2nd century ? AD )  Marcellus of Side ( 2nd century AD )  Meges of Sidon ( 1st century AD )  Meletius  Menemachus ( 1st century AD )  Mnesitheus of Athens ( 3rd century BC )  Mnesitheus of Cyzicus  Nepualius ( Neptunalius , Neptunianus )  Niger , Sextius  Oribasius ( 4th century )  Ovid ( 1st century AD )  Palladius ( physician )  Paulus Aegineta ( 7th century )  Phasias of Tenedos  Philagrius of Epirus ( 3rd-4th century )  Philinus of Cos ( 3rd century BC )  Philistion of Locri ( 5th-4th century BC )  Philo Tarsensis  Philotimus  Philoxenus ( physician ) ( 3rd century BC )  Philumenus ( 3rd century AD )  Phylotimus  Pliny the Elder ( 1st century AD )  Plistonicus  Plutarch ( 2nd century AD )  Posidonius ( 3rd-4th century )  Praxagoras of Cos ( 4th century BC )  Serenus Sammonicus  Rufus of Ephesus ( 2nd century AD )  Scribonius Largus ( 1st century AD )  Serapion ( 3rd century BC )  Severus ( physician ) ( 4th century AD )  Sextus Empiricus  Soranus of Ephesus ( 2nd century AD )  Stephanus Med . ( 7th century )  Stephanus , Phil ( 7th century )  Themison of Laodicea ( 1st century BC )  Theon Gymnasiarcha  Theophilus Protospatharius  Theophrastus  Thessalus of Tralles ( 1st century AD )  Thrasymachus of Sardis  Timotheus of Metapontion  Xenocrates of Aphrodisias ( 1st century AD )  Zopyrus ( physician ) ( 1st century AD )   *  Doctors , ancient  *  *  Western

neg: Life of Homer (Pseudo-Herodotus) The Life of Homer , whose unknown author is referred to as Pseudo-Herodotus , is one among several ancient biographies of the Greek epic poet , Homer . It is distinguished from the others by the fact that it contains , in its first lines , the claim to have been compiled by the early historian Herodotus : Herodotus of Halicarnassus wrote the following history of Homer 's background , upbringing and life , and sought to make his account complete and absolutely reliable .   Despite being written in the Ionic dialect , it is not generally , and has not been since a time before the publication of books , considered to be the work of Herodotus and therefore according to current scholarly conventions the author merits the name `` Pseudo-Herodotus . '' Although used in this context as a proper name , it is also used as a common name , `` the pseudo-Herodotus , '' whenever a writer questions the authorship of any or any part of the writings of Herodotus .   The text concludes with a calculation showing that Homer was born 168 years after the Trojan War and 622 years before Xerxes I of Persia ( a major figure in the real Herodotus 's Histories ) invaded Greece . That invasion took place in 480 BC ; by this calculation , therefore , Homer was born in 1102 BC . This contradicts the estimate given by the real Herodotus , that Homer lived `` not more than 400 years before our own time '' , thus around 850 BC .

neg: Greek National Awakening The concept and term `` National Awakening '' ( in Greek Εθνική αφύπνιση ) is used by many historians , intellectuals and lay authors to refer to the revival of the Greek national self-conscious , or modern Greek nationalism , which paved the way to the Greek Revolution of 1821 . Whereas most authors do not define the exact time-frame of this period , it is generally agreed that this awakening ( or revival ) occurred in the 18th century . According to the Greek historian Nikos Svoronos ( 1911-1989 ) , the period of the Greek National Awakening is 1715-1821 . The periodization of exhibits in the National Historical Museum of Athens sets the beginning of the Awakening era at 1670 . Other authors put the onset of this period in the mid 18th century . For example , a series of historical presentations by academic historians in the Greek State Television ( ERT ) , defined as `` National Awakening '' period the years 1750-1821 .   The Greek -- as well as other Balkan nations ' -- awakening was generated by internal and external forces . Opposition to the Ottomans was the main internal impetus . The main external factor was the assistance from Russia , on the ground of the common religion and long historical bonds . Since the fall of Constantinople to the Turks , the Greek national aspirations for liberation were expressed in the form of popular oracle and prophecies , some of them alleging to the intervention of fair-haired people ( xanthon genos ) to help Greeks . In 1656 a prominent Greek clergyman interpreted the `` fair-haired people '' as the Russians . With the emergence of Russia as a big power in Eastern Europe , the Greek-Russian ties assumed a military and political dimension . Beginning with the 1711 Pruth Campaign , Peter the Great called for the cooperation of all Orthodox people under the Russian leadership , to fight for `` the belief and the fatherland '' . After this campaign , the sultan appointed Greek Phanariots as governors of the Ottoman vassal territories of Wallachia and Moldavia . The Phanariots introduced an enlighted reform in their principalities , and produced a line of educated Greek and Balkan scholars who contributed to the national awakening of their respective countries .  The Greek communities in Russia , as well as in the Western and Central Europe , were also a key factor to the Greek awakening .  After the Treaty of Kutchuk-Kainardji ( 1774 ) Russia assumed the role of protector of the Orthodox people subjects of the Ottoman Empire . After Peter the Great , Catherine II envisaged a `` Greek Project '' which involved a revival of a Greek state with Constantinople as capital , to be ruled by her grandson Constantine . The Russian expansionist policy greatly facilitated the modern Greek awakening , catalyzing key components such as military resistance , political activism , commercial growth , educational and cultural progress .  Russia 's wars against the Ottoman Empire in 18th early 19th century ( 1711 , 1737 -- 39 , 1768 -- 74 , 1787 -- 92 , 1806 -- 12 ) , as well as the short-lived Russian occupation of the Ionian islands after the Napoleonic wars , nourished the Greek tradition of armed resistance to the Ottomans and helped Greeks to receive fighting experience . The most important Russian influenced revolutionary activities of the Greeks in 18th c. were the failed Orlov expedition in 1769-1770 and the Lambros Katsonis ' flotilla raids against the Turks in 1778-1792 . Other independence movements of the 18th century , were those of the Souli and Souliotes .   Counter to the `` national awakening '' historiographic view is the one that emphasizes the importance of the French Revolution and Napoleon in the Greek and other Balkan national movements . Among the eminent works of this school in the 20th century are those of the Romanian historian N. Iorga ( 1934 ) and the Greeks A. Daskalakis ( 1937 ) , N. Moschopoulos ( 1939 ) and other subsequent .

neg: Socrates of Constantinople Socrates of Constantinople ( Σωκράτης ὁ Σχολαστικός , b. c. 380 ; d. after 439 ) , also known as Socrates Scholasticus , was a 5th-century Christian church historian , a contemporary of Sozomen and Theodoret .   He is the author of a Historia Ecclesiastica ( `` Church History '' , Ἐκκλησιαστική Ἱστορία ) which covers the history of late ancient Christianity during the years 305 -- 439 .

neg: Therapeutae The Therapeutae were a Jewish sect which flourished in Alexandria and other parts of the Diaspora of Hellenistic Judaism in the final years of the Second Temple period . The primary source concerning the Therapeutae is the account De vita contemplativa ( `` The Contemplative Life '' ) , purportedly by the Jewish philosopher Philo of Alexandria ( c. 20 BCE -- 50 CE ) . The authorship has been called into question because of the different stance on Greek philosophy of this work from that of other works that were written by Philo and because elsewhere Philo makes no mention of the Therapeutae although this article will refer to the author as Philo . The author appears to have been personally acquainted with them . The pseudepigraphic Testament of Job is possibly also a Therapeutae text , although this possibility is mostly based on the text being noticeably less misogynist than many other early apocryphal texts .   Philo records that they were `` philosophers '' ( cf. I. 2 ) and speaks specifically about a group that lived on a low hill by the Lake Mareotis close to Alexandria in circumstances resembling lavrite life ( cf. III .22 ) , and were `` the best '' of a kind given to `` perfect goodness '' that `` exists in many places in the inhabited world '' ( cf. III .21 ) . Philo was unsure of the origin of the name and derives the name Therapeutae/Therapeutides from Greek θεραπεύω in the sense of `` cure '' or `` worship '' ( cf. I. 2 ) .

neg: 460 BC __ NOTOC __  Year 460 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar . At the time , it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Poplicola and Sabinus ( or , less frequently , year 294 Ab urbe condita ) . The denomination 460 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period , when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years .

neg: Lacydes of Cyrene Lacydes of Cyrene , Greek philosopher , was head of the Academy at Athens in succession to Arcesilaus from 241 BC . He was forced to resign c. 215 BC due to ill-health , and he died c. 205 BC . Nothing survives of his works .

neg: Indo-Greek Kingdom The Indo-Greek Kingdom or Graeco-Indian Kingdom was a Hellenistic kingdom covering various parts of the northwest regions of South Asia ( mainly modern Afghanistan and Pakistan ) during the last two centuries BC and was ruled by more than thirty kings , often in conflict with each other .   The kingdom was founded when the Graeco-Bactrian king Demetrius invaded the subcontinent early in the 2nd century BC . The Greeks in South Asia were eventually divided from the Graeco-Bactrians centered in Bactria ( now the border between Afghanistan and Uzbekistan ) . But the Greeks failed to establish united rule in present-day north-western South Asia . The most famous Indo-Greek ruler was Menander ( Milinda ) . He had his capital at Sakala in the Punjab ( present-day Sialkot , Punjab , Pakistan ) .   The expression `` Indo-Greek Kingdom '' loosely describes a number of various dynastic polities , traditionally associated with a number of regional capitals like Taxila , ( modern Punjab ( Pakistan ) ) , Pushkalavati and Sagala . Other potential centers are only hinted at ; for instance , Ptolemy 's Geographia and the nomenclature of later kings suggest that a certain Theophila in the south of the Indo-Greek sphere of influence may also have been a satrapal or royal seat at one time .   Euthydemus I was , according to Polybius a Magnesian Greek . His son , Demetrius , founder of the Indo-Greek kingdom , was therefore of Greek descent from his father at minimum . A marriage treaty was arranged for Demetrius with a daughter of Antiochus III the Great , who had partial Persian descent . The ethnicity of later Indo-Greek rulers is less clear .   During the two centuries of their rule , the Indo-Greek kings combined the Greek and Indo-Iranian languages and symbols , as seen on their coins , and blended Hindu , Buddhist and ancient Greek religious practices , as seen in the archaeological remains of their cities and in the indications of their support of Buddhism , pointing to a rich fusion of Indian and Hellenistic influences . The diffusion of Indo-Greek culture had consequences which are still felt today , particularly through the influence of Greco-Buddhist art .   The Indo-Greeks ultimately disappeared as a political entity around 10 AD following the invasions of the Indo-Scythians , although pockets of Greek populations probably remained for several centuries longer under the subsequent rule of the Indo-Parthians and Kushans .

neg: Epigenes of Byzantium Epigenes of Byzantium ( Έπιγένης unknown-circa 200 BC ) was a Greek astrologer . He seems to have been a strong supporter of astrology , which , though derided by many Greek intellectuals , had been accepted and adopted by many Greeks from the seventh century BC through commercial contact with the Chaldeans of Babylonia .   It is unclear when Epigenes lived - he may have lived about the time of Augustus ; some conjecture that he lived centuries earlier - but he is known to have refined the study of his chosen field , defining Saturn , for example , as `` cold and windy . '' Along with Apollonius of Myndus and Artemidorus of Parium , he boasted of having been instructed by the Chaldean priest-astrologers , many of whom infiltrated Greece when the ports of Egypt opened to Greek ships after 640 BC .   Epigenes ' claims to have been educated by the Chaldeans comes from the writings of Seneca . Pliny the Elder writes that Epigenes attests to the fact that the Chaldeans preserved astral observations in inscriptions upon brick tiles ( coctilibus laterculis ) extending to a period of 720 years . Pliny calls Epigenes a writer of first-rate authority ( gravis auctor imprimis ) . The 55-km lunar crater Epigenes is named after him .

neg: Theophrastus Theophrastus ( -LSB- ˌθiːəˈfræstəs -RSB- Θεόφραστος Theόphrastos ; c. 371 -- c. 287 BC ) , a Greek native of Eresos in Lesbos , was the successor to Aristotle in the Peripatetic school . He came to Athens at a young age and initially studied in Plato 's school . After Plato 's death , he attached himself to Aristotle who took to Theophrastus his writings . When Aristotle fled Athens , Theophrastus took over as at the Lyceum . Theophrastus presided over the Peripatetic school for thirty-six years , during which time the school flourished greatly . He is often considered the `` father of botany '' for his works on plants . After his death , the Athenians honoured him with a public funeral . His successor as head of the school was Strato of Lampsacus .   The interests of Theophrastus were wide ranging , extending from biology and physics to ethics and metaphysics . His two surviving botanical works , Enquiry into Plants ( Historia Plantarum ) and On the Causes of Plants , were an important influence on Renaissance science . There are also surviving works On Moral Characters , On Sensation , On Stones , and fragments on Physics and Metaphysics . In philosophy , he studied grammar and language and continued Aristotle 's work on logic . He also regarded space as the mere arrangement and position of bodies , time as an accident of motion , and motion as a necessary consequence of all activity . In ethics , he regarded happiness as depending on external influences as well as on virtue .

neg: Hippias Hippias of Elis ( -LSB- ˈhɪpiəs -RSB- Ἱππίας ὁ Ἠλεῖος late 5th century BC ) was a Greek sophist , and a contemporary of Socrates . With an assurance characteristic of the later sophists , he claimed to be regarded as an authority on all subjects , and lectured on poetry , grammar , history , politics , mathematics , and much else . Most of our knowledge of him is derived from Plato , who characterizes him as vain and arrogant .

neg: Polycrates (sophist) Polycrates ( c.440-370 B.C. - flourished 4th century ) was a sophist of Athens , who later retired to Cyprus .


query: Queen Latifah has won an acting award.

pos: Golden Globe Award Golden Globe Awards are accolades bestowed by the 93 members of the Hollywood Foreign Press Association , recognizing excellence in film and television , both domestic and foreign .   The annual ceremony at which the awards are presented is a major part of the film industry 's awards season , which culminates each year in the Academy Awards .   The 74th Golden Globe Awards , honoring the best in film and television in 2016 , was broadcast live on January 8 , 2017 . Jimmy Fallon hosted the show .

pos: Queen Latifah Dana Elaine Owens ( born March 18 , 1970 ) , known professionally by her stage name Queen Latifah , is an American rapper , songwriter , singer , actress , model , television producer , record producer , and talk show host . Born in Newark , New Jersey , she signed with Tommy Boy Records in 1989 and released her debut album All Hail the Queen the same year , featuring the hit single `` Ladies First '' . Her second album , Nature of a Sista ( 1991 ) , was her final album with Tommy Boy Records .   Latifah starred as Khadijah James on the FOX sitcom Living Single , from 1993 to 1998 . Her third album Black Reign ( 1993 ) , spawned the single `` U.N.I.T.Y. '' , which won a Grammy Award and was successful on the Billboard Hot 100 . She then starred in the lead role of Set It Off ( 1996 ) and released her fourth album , Order in the Court , in 1998 , with Motown Records . Latifah gained mainstream success and acclaim with her performance in the film Chicago ( 2002 ) , receiving an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress .   Latifah released her fifth album The Dana Owens Album in 2004 , and has since appeared in a number of films , such as Bringing Down the House ( 2003 ) , Taxi ( 2004 ) , Barbershop 2 : Back in Business ( 2005 ) , Beauty Shop ( 2005 ) , Last Holiday ( 2006 ) , Hairspray ( 2007 ) and Joyful Noise ( 2012 ) . In 2007 and 2009 , she released two more studio albums -- Trav ` lin ' Light and Persona . She created the daytime talk show The Queen Latifah Show , which ran from late 2013 to early 2015 on CBS . Latifah received critical acclaim for her portrayal of blues singer Bessie Smith in the HBO film Bessie ( 2015 ) , which she co-produced , winning the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Television Movie .   She has long been considered one of hip-hop 's pioneer feminists . Queen Latifah received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2006 . Latifah 's work in music , film and television has earned her a Grammy Award , an Emmy Award , a Golden Globe award , three Screen Actors Guild Awards , two NAACP Image Awards , an Academy Award nomination and sales of over two million records .

pos: Screen Actors Guild Award The Screen Actors Guild Award ( also known as the SAG Award ) is an accolade given by the Screen Actors Guild‐American Federation of Television and Radio Artists ( SAG-AFTRA ) to recognize outstanding performances in film and primetime television . The statuette given , a nude male figure holding both a mask of comedy and a mask of tragedy , is called `` The Actor '' . It is 16 in tall , weighs over 12 lb , is cast in solid bronze , and produced by the American Fine Arts Foundry in Burbank , California .   SAG Awards have been one of the major awards events in Hollywood since 1995 . Nominations for the awards come from two committees , one for film and one for television , each numbering 2100 members of the union , randomly selected anew each year , with the full membership ( 165,000 as of 2012 ) available to vote for the winners . It is considered an indicator of success at the Academy Awards . The awards have been telecast since 1998 on TNT , and since 2007 have been simulcast on TBS .   The inaugural SAG Awards aired live on February 25 , 1995 from Universal Studios ' Stage 12 . The second SAG awards aired live from the Santa Monica Civic Auditorium , while subsequent awards have been held at the Shrine Exposition Center .

neg: 4th IIFA Awards The 2003 IIFA Awards , officially known as the 4th International Indian Film Academy Awards ceremony , presented by the International Indian Film Academy honoured the best films of 2002 and took place on May 17 , 2003 .   The official ceremony took place on April 6 , 2002 , at the Coca-Cola Dome , in Johannesburg . During the ceremony , IIFA Awards were awarded in 29 competitive categories .   In 2003 , IIFA returned to South Africa . This time , the sun-kissed shores of Johannesburg was the destination .   For the IIFA Forum , Ramesh Sippy , Smita Thackeray , Kunal Dasgupta , Shyam Shroff and Harish Dayani sat together with moderator Vir Sanghvi and discussed piracy and explored new revenue streams for the industry .   The first-ever IIFA Foundation Charity Celebrity Cricket Match was organized at the Centurion Grounds . It was supported by the entire IIFA contingent , consisting of Indian and South African film stars , celebrities , cricketers , government leaders , IIFA 's South African partners and Indian and South African fans .   The IIFA Awards ceremony shone bright at the Dome at Northgate . The evening was a stunning showcase of talent and Indian charisma . Hosts Anil Kapoor and Dia Mirza swept the audience with charm . Las Ketchup , Saif Ali Khan , Rani Mukherjee , Shilpa Shetty , Akshay Kumar , Salman Khan and Ajay Jadeja set a scorching pace with their electrifying performances . With the light of a million stars shining down upon it , this edition of the IIFA Awards 2003 closed .

neg: Critics' Circle Award for Distinguished Service to the Arts Each year since 1988 The Critics ' Circle has presented an award for Distinguished Service to the Arts , voted for by all members of the Circle , embracing Dance , Drama , Film , Music , Visual Arts and Architecture .   This performing arts Award takes the form of an engraved crystal rose bowl , presented at a celebratory luncheon . The recipients were :   1988 Sir Peter Hall  1989 Dame Ninette de Valois  1990 Sir Michael Tippett  1991 Sir David Lean  1992 Sir John Mills  1993 Sir Peter Ustinov  1994 Sir John Drummond  1995 Sir Peter Wright  1996 Sir Richard Eyre  1997 Dame Judi Dench  1998 Sir Edward Downes  1999 Harold Pinter  2000 Dame Alicia Markova  2001 Paul Scofield  2002 Sir Alfred Brendel  2003 Sir Ian McKellen  2004 Mike Leigh  2005 Alan Bennett  2006 Dame Helen Mirren  2007 Sir Tom Stoppard  2008 Peter Brook  2009 Sir Alan Ayckbourn  2010 Ken Loach  2011 Stephen Sondheim  2013 Grayson Perry  2014 Sir Nicholas Hytner  2015 Dame Maggie Smith   Category : Performing arts awards

neg: National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Supporting Actress The National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Supporting Actress is one of the annual awards given by the National Society of Film Critics .   This awards was given for the first time in 1967 to Marjorie Rhodes for her role in The Family Way .   Meryl Streep won this award three times ( record ) : in 1978 for The Deer Hunter , in 1979 for Kramer vs. Kramer , for Manhattan and for The Seduction of Joe Tynan and in 2006 for The Devil Wears Prada and for A Prairie Home Companion . Anjelica Huston ( 1985 and 1989 ) , Dianne Wiest ( 1986 and 1994 ) , Patricia Clarkson ( 2002 and 2003 ) and Amy Adams ( 2005 and 2012 ) each won the award two times . In 2009 , Mo'Nique became the first African-American to win in this category for her performance in Precious .

neg: National Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer The National Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer is an honour presented annually at the National Film Awards of India since 1968 to a female playback singer for the best renditions of songs from soundtracks within the Indian film industry . Throughout the years , accounting for ties and repeat winners , the Government of India has presented a total of 45 Best Female Playback Singer awards to 23 different female playback singers .   Until 1974 , winners of the National Film Award received a commemorative plaque and certificate ; since 1975 , they have been awarded with a `` Rajat Kamal '' ( silver lotus ) , certificate and a cash prize that amounted to in 2013 . The first recipient was P. Susheela , who was honoured at the 16th National Film Award ( 1968 ) for her renditions from the Tamil film Uyarntha Manithan . The singer who won the most number of Rajat Kamal awards is K. S. Chithra with six wins , followed by P. Susheela with five . As of 2013 , two singers -- S. Janaki and Shreya Ghoshal -- have won the award four times , and two -- Lata Mangeshkar and Vani Jairam -- have won it thrice . The award has been won twice by Asha Bhosle , Alka Yagnik and Arati Ankalikar-Tikekar . S. Janaki , K. S. Chithra , and Shreya Ghoshal have won the award for their renditions in three different languages . Shreya Ghoshal is the sole recipient of the award for two different songs in the same year in two different languages . Uthara Unnikrishnan is the youngest winner , picking up the award at the age of 10 for the rendition of a song from the Tamil film Saivam ( 2014 ) . No award was given for this category in 1973 .

neg: Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Musical The Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Musical is an annual award presented by The Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in commercial British theatre . The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976 , and , renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor Lord Olivier .

neg: List of submissions to the 85th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film This is a list of submissions to the 85th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film . The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS ) has invited the film industries of various countries to submit their best film for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film every year since the award was created in 1956 . The award is presented annually by the Academy to a feature-length motion picture produced outside the United States that contains primarily non-English dialogue . The Foreign Language Film Award Committee oversees the process and reviews all the submitted films . Nine shortlisted contenders will be revealed a week before the announcement of the Oscar nominations .   The submitted motion pictures must be first released theatrically in their respective countries between 1 October 2011 , and 30 September 2012 .   On 8 October 2012 , the Academy announced the final list of eligible submissions , with a record number of 71 films . Nine finalists were announced in December 2012 , which were shortlisted in January , with the final five nominees announced on 10 January 2013 . The Austrian entry Amour directed by Michael Haneke was the eventual winner .   Kenya submitted its first film in the Foreign Language category with Nairobi Half Life . Cambodia made its first submission in 18 years ( and its second overall ) with Lost Loves .

neg: AACTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role The AACTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role is an award presented by the Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts ( AACTA ) , a non-profit organisation whose aim is to `` identify , award , promote and celebrate Australia 's greatest achievements in film and television . '' The award is presented at the annual AACTA Awards , which hands out accolades for achievements in feature films , television , documentaries and short films . From 1971 -- 2010 , the category was presented by the Australian Film Institute ( AFI ) , the Academy 's parent organisation , at the annual Australian Film Institute Awards ( known as the AFI Awards ) . When the AFI launched the Academy in 2011 , it changed the annual ceremony to the AACTA Awards , with the current award being a continuum of the AFI Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role .   It was presented as a special award , from 1971 -- 1975 , and was accompanied with a cash prize , before it became a competitive award from 1976 , onward . Judy Davis is the most nominated actress in this category , with five wins from eight nominations , most recently for her role in The Eye of the Storm ( 2011 ) .   Candidates for this award must be human and female , and can not be nominated for the same role in the supporting actress category .

neg: The DVF Awards The DVF Awards , supported by The Diller-von Furstenberg Family Foundation , are given annually to provide recipients with the exposure and resources necessary to extend their efforts on behalf of women all over the world . The DVF Awards were conceived by Diane von Furstenberg in 2010 with the goal of honoring women who have displayed leadership , strength , and courage in their commitment to their causes . Every year , each Honoree receives a $ 50,000 grant from the Foundation to further their work . The inaugural DVF Awards were presented on March 13 , 2010 at a ceremony hosted by Diane von Fürstenberg and Tina Brown at the United Nations on the closing night of The Women in the World Summit .  Each year , two DVF Awards are given to women within The Vital Voices Global Partnership . In addition , the Inspiration Award is given to a woman who has demonstrated strength and courage in the face of adversity , and is using her experience and influence to effect positive change . The People 's Voice Award is also given annually to a woman chosen from a field of nominees selected by The DVF Awards Board of Advisors and voted on by the public at DVFAwards.com . The Lifetime Leadership Award honors an individual who has dedicated her life and body of work to instilling in other women the courage to fight , the power to survive and the leadership to inspire . Past recipients include Gloria Steinem , Ingrid Betancourt , Hillary Clinton , Oprah Winfrey and Robin Roberts .   Presenters at The DVF Awards have included Meryl Streep , Iman , Olivia Wilde , Jessica Alba , Deborah Winger , Gabby Douglas , and Chelsea Clinton .   2017 Honorees   The International Award : Yoani Sánchez , 14ymedio   The International Award : Baljeet Sandhu , Migrant & Refugee Children 's Legal Unit ( MiCLU )   The People 's Voice Award : Louise Dubé , iCivics   The Inspiration Award : Karlie Kloss , Kode With Klossy   The Lifetime Leadership Award : Dr. Jane Goodall , The Jane Goodall Institute ( JGI )   2016 Honorees   The International Award : Maria Pacheco , Wakami   The International Award : Agnes Igoye , Huts for Peace   The People 's Voice Award : Emily Greener , I AM THAT GIRL   The Inspiration Award : Sarah Jones , Girls Educational and Mentoring Services ' , The Legal Aid Society and Sanctuary for Families   The Lifetime Leadership Award : Dr. Martine Rothblatt , Los Angeles LGBT Center and The Astraea Lesbian Foundation for Justice   2015 Honorees   The International Award : Adimaimalaga Tafuna'I , Women In Business   The International Award : Samar Minallah Khan , Ethnomedia   The People 's Voice Award : Becky Straw and Jody Landers , The Adventure Project   The Inspiration Award : Gabrielle Giffords , Americans for Responsible Solutions   The Lifetime Leadership Award : Melanne Verveer , The Georgetown Institute for Women , Peace and Security at Georgetown University   2014 Honorees   The DVF Award : Kah Walla , STRATEGIES !   The DVF Award : Liron Peleg-Hadomi & Noha Khatieb   The People 's Voice Award : Veronika Scott , The Empowerment Plan   The Inspiration Award : Alicia Keys , Keep a Child Alive   The Lifetime Leadership Award : Gloria Steinem , Equality Now and Donor Direct Action   2013 Honorees   The DVF Award : Sunitha Krishnan , Prajwala  The DVF Award : Andeisha Farid , Afghan Child Education and Caring Organization ( AFCECO ) .  The People 's Voice Award : Tammy Tibbetts , She 's the First  The Inspiration Award : Natalia Vodianova , Naked Heart Foundation  The Lifetime Leadership Award : Robin Roberts , Be the Match   2012 Honorees  The DVF Award : Panmela Castro , Rede Nami  The DVF Award : Chouchou Namegabe , South Kivu 's Association of Women Journalists  The People 's Voice Award : Layli Miller-Muro , Tahirih Justice Center  The Inspiration Award : Jaycee Dugard , The JAYC Foundation  The Lifetime Leadership Award : Oprah Winfrey , The Oprah Winfrey Leadership Academy Foundation   2011 Honorees  The DVF Award : Sohini Chakraborty , Kolkata Sanved  The DVF Award : Kakenya Ntaiya , Kakenya Center for Excellence  The People 's Voice Award : Taryn Davis , The American Widow Project  The Inspiration Award : Elizabeth Smart , Elizabeth Smart Foundation  The Lifetime Leadership Award : Secretary of State Hillary Clinton   2010 Honorees  The DVF Award : Danielle Saint-Lot , Femmes en Démocratie  The DVF Award : Sadiqa Basiri Saleem , The Oruj Learning Center  The People 's Voice Award : Katherine Chon , The Polaris Project  The Lifetime Leadership Award : Ingrid Betancourt , The Ingrid Betancourt Foundation

neg: Producers Guild Film Awards The Producers Guild Film Awards ( previously known as the Apsara Film & Television Producers Guild Award ) is an accolade given by the Apsara Producers Guild to recognize excellence in Indian film and television . Originated by filmmaker and scholar Amit Khanna , the Star Guild Awards have been one of the major award events since 2004 . The 22-karat gold statuette was sculpted and designed by the jewellery brand Tanishq and was `` inspired by the rich heritage of one of India 's most treasured possessions - the Ajanta and Ellora Caves . '' Nominations for the awards come from selected members of the guild , with the full membership ( around 160 ) available to vote for the winners . The ballots cast by the guild members are then taken to a common venue for the final counting .

neg: 2003 Soul Train Music Awards The 2003 Soul Train Music Awards were held on March 1 , 2003 , at the Pasadena Civic Auditorium in Pasadena , California . The show was co-hosted by Queen Latifah and Arsenio Hall .

neg: César Award for Best Supporting Actress The César Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role ( French : César de la meilleure actrice dans un second rôle ) is one of the César Awards , presented annually by the Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma to recognize the outstanding performance in a supporting role of an actress who has worked within the French film industry during the year preceding the ceremony . Nominees and winner are selected via a run-off voting by all the members of the Académie .

neg: BAFTA Award for Best Film The BAFTA Award for Best Film is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . It has been given since the 1st BAFTA Awards , representing the best films of 1947 , but until 1969 it was called the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source . It is possible for films from any country to be nominated , although British films are also recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best British Film and ( since 1983 ) foreign-language films in BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language . As such , there have been multiple occasions of a film being nominated in two of these categories .   There has been one tie for the Best Film award when , in 1962 , Ballad of a Soldier tied with The Hustler for Best Film from any Source . Until 1981 , the award was given to the director , except in 1976 and 1977 , when it was given to the producers . From 1981 to 1985 , it was given solely to the producers , and then in 1986 , it was shared between the Director and Producer . In 1998 , it was once again given to only the producers .   In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .

neg: Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role The Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role is an annual award presented by The Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in commercial British theatre . The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976 , and , renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor Lord Olivier .   The award was first given in 1977 but in the years following was often given as a singular award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role .

neg: Stardust Award for Breakthrough Performance – Female The Stardust Breakthrough Performance Award ( Female ) is given as a part of the Stardust Awards , which are held annually to recognise upcoming talent in Bollywood . This award is given to the actress who has made her impact felt that particular year , by her performance thus resulting in a successful breakthrough in her career . The first award in this category was given in 2005 . As of 2015 , it has been changed to Stardust Award for Breakthrough Performance Supporting - Female . Here is a list of the award winners and the films for which they won . The first award in this category was given in 2005 . As of 2015 , it has been changed to Stardust Award for Breakthrough Supporting Performance - Female .   The winners of this award are :

neg: ARY Film Award for Best Actress Jury The ARY Film Award for Best Actress Jury is one of the ARY Film Awards of Merit presented annually by the ARY Digital Network and Entertainment Channel to female actor working in the film industry . Best Actress Jury is one of four awards which are awarded by Jury and considered to be one of five most important awards of the ARY Film Awards , as it represents the main icon of cinematic industry on which all aspects of film such as directing , acting , music composing , writing , editing and other efforts put forth into a drama is depending . This award is one of the two Best Actress awards in ceremony , in which one is awarded to relevant film actor only by the decision of ceremony Jury , while other is being awarded on Viewers Voting 's .

neg: 8th IIFA Awards The 2007 IIFA Awards , officially known as the 8th International Indian Film Academy Awards ceremony , presented by the International Indian Film Academy honoured the best films of 2006 and took place between June 7 -- 9 , 2007 . The official ceremony took place on June 9 , 2007 , at the Hallam FM Arena in Sheffield , England . During the ceremony , IIFA Awards were awarded in 29 competitive categories . The ceremony was televised in India and internationally on Star Plus . Actors Boman Irani and Lara Dutta co-hosted the ceremony for the first time .   Some other salient events held during this weekend included the IIFA World Premiere , IIFA-BAFTA Film Workshop , FICCI-IIFA Global Business Forum and the IIFA Foundation Celebrity Charity Cricket Match .   The tag line of the IIFA 2007 was IIFA 2007 : Yorkshire `` Love At First Sight '' .   Rang De Basanti received twenty one nominations out of the total twenty nine and won eleven awards , two of which were popular awards : ( Best Picture , Best Performance In A Supporting Role Female ) Omkara and Lage Raho Munna Bhai won four awards each . Other multiple winners included Krrish with three awards and Dhoom 2 and Fanaa with two each . In addition movies receiving a single awards included , Kabhi Alvida Naa Kehna for ( Best Performance In A Leading Role Female ) , Golmaal : Fun Unlimited for ( Best Performance In A Comic Role ) , 36 China Town for ( Male Debutant Star ) and Gangster for ( Female Debutant Star ) .   Rajkumar Hirani and A. R. Rahman each won three awards in the event .

neg: Cate Blanchett on screen and stage Cate Blanchett is an Australian actress who has extensively appeared in film and stage . She made her stage debut in 1992 by playing Electra in the National Institute of Dramatic Art production of the same name . She followed it with performances in Timothy Daly 's Kafka Dances ( 1993 ) and the Sydney Theatre Company stage production of Oleanna ( 1993 ) opposite Geoffrey Rush . Blanchett won the Sydney Theatre Critics Award for Best Newcomer for the former and Best Actress for the latter , making her the first person to win both awards at once . She went on to perform several roles on stage , notably Susan Traherne in Plenty ( 1999 ) , Hedda Gabler in Hedda Gabler ( 2004 ) , Blanche DuBois in A Streetcar Named Desire ( 2009 ) , Yelena in Uncle Vanya ( 2011 ) and Claire in The Maids ( 2013 ) .   In 1997 , Blanchett made her feature film debut in a supporting role in the World War II drama Paradise Road . The same year , she had her first leading role in Oscar and Lucinda , which earned her an AACTA Award nomination for Best Actress . Blanchett received worldwide attention for playing Queen Elizabeth I of England in the acclaimed drama Elizabeth ( 1998 ) . Her performance garnered her a Golden Globe and a BAFTA Award for Best Actress and her first Academy Award nomination for Best Actress . Elizabeth and her next film , the thriller The Talented Mr. Ripley ( 1999 ) , performed well at the box office . However , her other 1999 releasesthe widely praised An Ideal Husband and the largely panned Pushing Tinwere unsuccessful .   Blanchett found greater success for portraying Galadriel in Peter Jackson 's epic fantasy trilogy The Lord of the Rings ( 2001-03 ) . During this period , she also appeared in several films which had mixed reception and performed poorly at the box office . She won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress , among other honors for portraying Katharine Hepburn in Martin Scorsese 's 2004 drama The Aviator , making her the only actor to win an Oscar for portraying another Oscar-winning actor . Her only screen appearance in 2005 was in Little Fish , for which she won the AACTA Award for Best Actress . Blanchett 's performance in the 2006 thriller Notes on a Scandal garnered her another Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress . In 2007 , she received both Best Actress and Best Supporting Actress Oscar nominations for her roles in Elizabeth : The Golden Age and I 'm Not There , becoming one of the few actors to achieve this feat .   In 2008 , Blanchett appeared in Steven Spielberg 's action adventure Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull and David Fincher 's fantasy drama The Curious Case of Benjamin Button . She briefly reprised her role of Galadriel in the The Hobbit trilogy ( 2012-14 ) . For her performance as the titular socialite in Woody Allen 's 2013 drama Blue Jasmine , Blanchett won the Golden Globe , the BAFTA Award , the SAG Award and the Academy Award for Best Actress . In 2014 , she voiced Valka in the $ 620 million-grossing animated fantasy How to Train Your Dragon 2 . In 2015 , she received praise for playing Lady Tremaine in Disney 's live action film Cinderella , Mary Mapes in Truth and the titular character in Todd Haynes 's romantic drama Carol . Cinderella was a notable box office success while Carol garnered her seventh Oscar nomination . Blanchett made her Broadway debut in 2017 with The Present , receiving her first Tony Award nomination for the Best Actress in a Play .

neg: London International Awards The London International Awards , or LIA ( formerly known as London International Advertising Awards , LIAA ) , are a worldwide awards annually honoring `` pioneers , and embodiments of excellence '' in advertising , digital media , production , design , music & sound and branded entertainment . It was the first truly international advertising award of its kind to acknowledge all media and methods from all over the world to be judged by a diverse global jury .

neg: 25th Academy Awards The 25th Academy Awards ceremony was held on March 19 , 1953 . It took place at the RKO Pantages Theatre in Hollywood , California , and the NBC International Theatre in New York City .   It was the first Academy Awards ceremony to be televised , and the first ceremony to be held in Hollywood and New York City simultaneously . It was also the only year that the New York ceremonies were to be held in the NBC International Theatre on Columbus Circle , which was shortly thereafter demolished and replaced by the New York Coliseum convention center .   A major upset occurred in the category of Best Picture . The heavily favored High Noon lost to Cecil B. DeMille 's The Greatest Show on Earth , eventually considered among the worst films to have won the Academy Award for Best Picture . The American film magazine Premiere placed the movie on its list of the 10 worst Oscar winners and the British film magazine Empire rated it # 3 on their list of the 10 worst Oscar winners . It has the lowest spot on Rotten Tomatoes ' list of the 81 films to win Best Picture . Of all the films nominated for the Oscar this year , only High Noon and Singin ' in the Rain would show up 46 years later on the American Film Institute list of the greatest American films of the 20th Century . For a film that only received two nominations , Singin ' in the Rain went on to be named as the greatest American musical film of all time and in the 2007 American Film Institute updated list as the fifth greatest American film of all time , while High Noon was ranked twenty-seventh on the same 2007 list , as well .   The Bad and the Beautiful won five awards , the most wins ever for a film not nominated for Best Picture . It was also the second Academy Awards in which a film not nominated for Best Picture received the most awards of the evening , excluding years where there were ties for the most wins . The only other film to do this was The Thief of Bagdad at the 13th Academy Awards ; as of the 87th Academy Awards , it has not happened since .   Until Spotlight won only Best Picture and Best Original Screenplay at the 88th Academy Awards , this was the last year in which the Best Picture winner won just two Oscars . It was also the second of three years to date in which two films not nominated for Best Picture received more nominations than the winner ( The Bad and the Beautiful and Hans Christian Andersen , both with six ) . This occurred again at the 79th Academy Awards .   Shirley Booth also became the last person to win an Oscar in a Leading Role to be born in the 19th century . She also holds the distinction of being the first woman in her 50s to win the award , at the age of 54 ( the second woman in her 50s to win , Julianne Moore , was 54 when awarded at the 87th Academy Awards ) .   John Ford 's fourth win for Best Director set a record for the most wins in this category that remains unmatched to this day .   For the first time since the introduction of Supporting Actor and Actress awards in 1936 , Best Picture , Best Director , and all four acting Oscars went to six different films . This has happened only three times since , at the 29th Academy Awards for 1956 , the 78th for 2005 , and the 85th for 2012 .

neg: Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Play The Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Play is an annual award presented by The Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in commercial British theatre . The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976 , and renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor Laurence Olivier .   The award was originally entitled Play of the Year but was later renamed in 2001 .


query: Dustin Hoffman has an acting career.

pos: Midnight Cowboy Midnight Cowboy is a 1969 American drama film based on the 1965 novel of the same name by James Leo Herlihy . The film was written by Waldo Salt , directed by John Schlesinger , and stars Jon Voight alongside Dustin Hoffman . Notable smaller roles are filled by Sylvia Miles , John McGiver , Brenda Vaccaro , Bob Balaban , Jennifer Salt and Barnard Hughes .   The film won three Academy Awards : Best Picture , Best Director and Best Adapted Screenplay . It was the first LGBT-related Best Picture winner . In addition , it was the only X-rated film ever to win Best Picture , though its rating has since been changed to R . It has since been placed 36th on the American Film Institute 's list of the 100 greatest American films of all time , and 43rd on its 2007 updated version .

pos: Dustin Hoffman Dustin Lee Hoffman ( born August 8 , 1937 ) is an American actor and a director , with a career in film , television , and theatre since 1960 . Hoffman has been known for his versatile portrayals of antiheroes and vulnerable characters . He won the Academy Award for Best Actor in 1980 for Kramer vs. Kramer , and in 1989 for Rain Man .   Widely considered one of the finest actors in history , Hoffman first drew critical praise for starring in the play , Eh ? , for which he won a Theatre World Award and a Drama Desk Award . This achievement was soon followed by his breakthrough 1967 film role as Benjamin Braddock , the title character in The Graduate . Since that time , Hoffman 's career has largely been focused on the cinema , with sporadic returns to television and to the stage . Hoffman 's notable films include : Midnight Cowboy , Little Big Man , Straw Dogs , Papillon , Lenny , Marathon Man , All the President 's Men , Kramer vs. Kramer , Tootsie , Rain Man , Hook , and Wag the Dog . He made his directorial debut in 2012 , with Quartet .   Along with 2 Academy Award wins , Hoffman has been nominated for 5 additional Academy Awards , and he was nominated for 13 Golden Globes , winning 6 ( including an honorary award ) . He has won 4 BAFTAs , 3 Drama Desk Awards , 2 Emmy Awards , and a Genie Award . Hoffman received the AFI Life Achievement Award in 1999 , and the Kennedy Center Honors Award in 2012 .

neg: Papillon (film) Papillon is a 1973 American crime drama prison film directed by Franklin J. Schaffner , based on the best-selling autobiography by the French convict Henri Charrière .   The film stars Steve McQueen as Henri Charrière ( `` Papillon '' ) , and Dustin Hoffman as Louis Dega . Because it was filmed at remote locations , the film was quite expensive for the time ( $ 12 million ) , but it readily earned more than twice that in the first year of public distribution . The film 's title is French for `` Butterfly , '' referring to Charrière 's tattoo and nickname .

neg: The Early Four Track Recordings The Early Four Track Recordings '' is a compilation album by indie rock band Of Montreal . It contains early recordings from the band , with the song titles telling a fictional story about actor Dustin Hoffman . Though the titles feature Dustin Hoffman , the album name and content have nothing to do with him , and the titles were chosen only for humor .

neg: John Hoffman (baseball) John Edward Hoffman ( October 31 , 1943 -- December 27 , 2001 ) was an American professional baseball player . He was a catcher whose career lasted seven seasons ( 1963 -- 1969 ) , including brief stints in Major League Baseball with the -- Houston Colt .45 s/Astros . Hoffman batted left-handed , threw right-handed , stood 6 ft tall and weighed 190 lb .   Hoffman was one of several catching prospects ( among them John Bateman and Jerry Grote ) in the Houston organization of the mid-1960s . He appeared in eight Major League games and collected three hits , all singles , in 21 at bats , plus a base on balls . He also struggled as a batter in the minor leagues , where he batted .215 in 604 games played .

neg: Jerzy Hoffman Jerzy Hoffman ( -LSB- ˈjɛʐɨ ˈxɔfman -RSB- ; born March 15 , 1932 ) is a Polish film director and screenwriter .

neg: Love Liza Love Liza is a 2002 American comedy-drama film directed by Todd Louiso and starring Philip Seymour Hoffman , Kathy Bates , Jack Kehler , Wayne Duvall , Sarah Koskoff and Stephen Tobolowsky .

neg: Harvey Friedman (actor) Harvey Friedman ( born 1959 ) , sometimes credited as Harvey Friedmann , is an American film , television and theatre actor .

neg: Lyle (film) Lyle is a 2014 American drama film written and directed by Stewart Thorndike . The film tells the dramatic story of a mother grieving over the death of her toddler . The film stars actress Gaby Hoffman in the lead role .

neg: Dustin (name) Dustin is a surname and mainly masculine given name .

neg: B movie A B movie is a low-budget commercial movie , but one that is not an arthouse film . In its original usage , during the Golden Age of Hollywood , the term more precisely identified films intended for distribution as the less-publicized bottom half of a double feature . Although the U.S. production of movies intended as second features largely ceased by the end of the 1950s , the term B movie continues to be used in the broader sense it maintains today . In its post -- Golden Age usage , there is ambiguity on both sides of the definition : on the one hand , the primary interest of many inexpensive exploitation films is prurient ; on the other , many B movies display a high degree of craft and aesthetic ingenuity .   In either usage , most B movies represent a particular genre -- the Western was a Golden Age B movie staple , while low-budget science-fiction and horror films became more popular in the 1950s . Early B movies were often part of series in which the star repeatedly played the same character . Almost always shorter than the top-billed films they were paired with , many had running times of 70 minutes or less . The term connoted a general perception that B movies were inferior to the more handsomely budgeted headliners ; individual B films were often ignored by critics .   Latter-day B movies still sometimes inspire multiple sequels , but series are less common . As the average running time of top-of-the-line films increased , so did that of B pictures . In its current usage , the term has somewhat contradictory connotations : it may signal an opinion that a certain movie is ( a ) a genre film with minimal artistic ambitions or ( b ) a lively , energetic film uninhibited by the constraints imposed on more expensive projects and unburdened by the conventions of putatively `` serious '' independent film . The term is also now used loosely to refer to some higher-budgeted , mainstream films with exploitation-style content , usually in genres traditionally associated with the B movie .   From their beginnings to the present day , B movies have provided opportunities both for those coming up in the profession and others whose careers are waning . Celebrated filmmakers such as Anthony Mann and Jonathan Demme learned their craft in B movies . They are where actors such as John Wayne and Jack Nicholson first became established , and they have provided work for former A movie actors , such as Vincent Price and Karen Black . Some actors , such as Bela Lugosi , Eddie Constantine and Pam Grier , worked in B movies for most of their careers . The term B actor is sometimes used to refer to a performer who finds work primarily or exclusively in B pictures .

neg: Patricia Arquette Patricia Arquette ( born April 8 , 1968 ) is an American actress . She made her film debut in A Nightmare on Elm Street 3 : Dream Warriors ( 1987 ) at the age of eighteen . Her notable films include Tony Scott 's True Romance ( 1993 ) , Tim Burton 's Ed Wood ( 1994 ) , David O. Russell 's Flirting with Disaster ( 1996 ) , David Lynch 's Lost Highway ( 1997 ) , Stephen Frears 's The Hi-Lo Country ( 1998 ) , Martin Scorsese 's Bringing Out the Dead ( 1999 ) , and Andrew Davis 's Holes ( 2003 ) .   For her performance in Richard Linklater 's Boyhood ( 2014 ) , which was filmed from 2002 until 2014 , she received widespread critical praise and won the Academy Award , BAFTA Award , Critics ' Choice Award , Golden Globe Award , Independent Spirit Award , and SAG Award for Best Supporting Actress . Arquette 's Academy Award acceptance speech , which she used to bring female wage inequality to attention , received widespread news coverage .   On television , she played the character Allison DuBois -- based on the author and medium Allison DuBois , who claims to have psychic abilities -- in the supernatural drama series Medium ( 2005 -- 11 ) . She received three Golden Globe nominations and two Emmy Award nominations , winning the Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama in 2005 . Arquette also appeared in the CSI franchise as Avery Ryan , the Deputy Director of the FBI , starring in CSI : Cyber ( 2015 -- 16 ) .

neg: Restoration (1995 film) Restoration is a 1995 American historical drama film directed by Michael Hoffman . It stars Robert Downey , Jr. as a 17th-century medical student exploited by the king . The film , which is based on the novel of the same title by Rose Tremain , was filmed in Wales and won two Academy Awards .

neg: Lukas Haas Lukas Daniel Haas ( born April 16 , 1976 ) is an American actor and musician . His acting career has spanned three decades , during which he has appeared in more than 50 feature films and a number of television shows and stage productions .

neg: John Jay Hoffman John Hoffman was an Acting Attorney General of the State of New Jersey . He served from 2013 to 2016 , longer than any other Acting Attorney General in the State 's history .

neg: Howard Smith (actor) Howard Irving Smith ( August 12 , 1893 in Attleboro , Massachusetts -- January 10 , 1968 in Hollywood , California ) was an American character actor with a 50-year career in vaudeville , theatre , radio , films and television . In 1938 he performed in Orson Welles 's short-lived stage production and once-lost film , Too Much Johnson , and in the celebrated radio production , `` The War of the Worlds '' . He portrayed Charley in the original Broadway production of Death of a Salesman and recreated the role in the 1951 film version . On television Smith portrayed the gruff Harvey Griffin in the situation comedy , Hazel .

neg: Child actor The term child actor or child actress is generally applied to a child acting on stage or in motion pictures or television , but also to an adult who began his or her acting career as a child ; to avoid confusion , the latter is also called a former child actor . Closely associated is teenage actor or teen actor , an actor who reached popularity as a teenager .   Many child actors find themselves struggling to adapt as they become adults . Lindsay Lohan and Macaulay Culkin are two particular famous child actors who eventually experienced much difficulty with the fame they acquired at a young age ; Lohan 's career resumed after an interruption of several years . Many child actors also become successful adult actors as well , an example being Mickey Rooney 's career that included both the popular 1935 film A Midsummer Night 's Dream and the popular 2011 film The Muppets .

neg: Dust (1985 film) Dust is a 1985 film directed by Marion Hänsel based on the J. M. Coetzee novel In the Heart of the Country . The film was shot in Spain and is a French-Belgian production . The film was selected as the Belgian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 58th Academy Awards , but was not accepted as a nominee . It won the Silver Lion prize , awarded to the best first or second major work by a director , at the 1985 Venice Film Festival . The jury recognised Jane Birkin 's performance as amongst the best of the year , but decided not to award a best actress prize because all of the actresses they judged to have made the best performances were in films that won major awards .

neg: Pat Healy (actor) Pat Healy ( born September 14 , 1971 ) is an American film and television actor perhaps best known for his leading roles in Great World of Sound , Compliance , The Innkeepers and Cheap Thrills . He directed his first feature film , Take Me , in 2017 .

neg: Tootsie Tootsie is a 1982 American comedy film directed by Sydney Pollack and starring Dustin Hoffman , with a supporting cast that includes Bill Murray , Jessica Lange , Teri Garr , Dabney Coleman , Charles Durning , Geena Davis ( in her acting debut ) , and Doris Belack . The film tells the story of a talented but volatile actor whose reputation for being difficult forces him to adopt a new identity as a woman in order to land a job . The film was adapted by Larry Gelbart , Barry Levinson ( uncredited ) , Elaine May ( uncredited ) and Murray Schisgal from the story by Gelbart and Don McGuire .   In 1998 , the Library of Congress deemed the film `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' and selected it for preservation in the National Film Registry . The theme song to the film , `` It Might Be You , '' which was sung by singer-songwriter Stephen Bishop , whose music was composed by Dave Grusin , and whose lyrics were written by Alan and Marilyn Bergman , was a Top 40 hit in the U.S. , and also hit 1 on the U.S. adult contemporary chart .

neg: John Hoffman John Hoffman can refer to :   John Hoffman ( filmmaker ) ( 1904 -- 1980 ) , American montage editor and filmmaker  John Hoffman ( defensive end ) ( born 1943 ) , American football defensive end  John Hoffman ( running back ) ( born 1925 ) , American football running back  John Hoffman ( baseball ) , Major League Baseball catcher  John Jay Hoffman , acting Attorney General of New Jersey  John Robert Hoffman , American actor/screenwriter  John Thompson Hoffman ( 1828 -- 1888 ) , Governor of New York , 1869 -- 1872  John Hoffman ( politician ) , a Minnesota State Senator

neg: Boychoir (film) Boychoir is a 2014 American drama film directed by François Girard and written by Ben Ripley . The film stars Dustin Hoffman , Kathy Bates , Debra Winger , Josh Lucas and the American Boychoir School .


query: The 79th Academy Awards was in Los Angeles.

pos: 79th Academy Awards The 79th Academy Awards ceremony , presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS ) , honored the best films of 2006 and took place February 25 , 2007 , at the Kodak Theatre in Hollywood , Los Angeles beginning at 5:30 p.m. PST / 8:30 p.m. EST. . During the ceremony , the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences presented Academy Awards ( commonly referred to as Oscars ) in 24 categories . The ceremony , televised in the United States by ABC , was produced by Laura Ziskin and directed by Louis J. Horvitz . Actress Ellen DeGeneres hosted for the first time . Two weeks earlier in a ceremony at the Beverly Wilshire Hotel in Beverly Hills , California held on February 10 , the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Maggie Gyllenhaal .   The Departed won four awards , including Best Picture and Best Director for Martin Scorsese . Other winners included Pan 's Labyrinth with three , An Inconvenient Truth , Dreamgirls , and Little Miss Sunshine with two , and Babel , The Blood of Yingzhou District , The Danish Poet , Happy Feet , The Last King of Scotland , Letters from Iwo Jima , The Lives of Others , Marie Antoinette , Pirates of the Caribbean : Dead Man 's Chest , The Queen , and West Bank Story with one . The telecast garnered nearly 40 million viewers in the United States .

neg: 1988 Academy Awards 1988 Academy Awards may refer to :   60th Academy Awards , the Academy Awards ceremony that took place in 1988  61st Academy Awards , the 1989 ceremony honoring the best in film for 1988

neg: Hollywood Hotel The Hollywood Hotel was a famous hotel , society venue of early Hollywood , and landmark , formerly located at 6811 Hollywood Boulevard , on the north side , extending from Highland Avenue to Orchid Avenue , in central Hollywood , Los Angeles , California .

neg: Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards 2004 The 30th Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards , announced on 11 December 2004 by the Los Angeles Film Critics Association , honored the best in film for 2004 .

neg: Major film studio A major film studio is a production and film distributor that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box office revenue in a given market . In the North American , Western , and global markets , the major film studios , often simply known as the majors , are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various film production and distribution subsidiaries collectively command approximately 80 to 85 percent of U.S. and Canadian box office revenue . The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary motion picture business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate .   The `` Big Six '' majors , whose operations are based in or around the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood , are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood 's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s . In three cases -- 20th Century Fox , Warner Bros. , and Paramount -- the studios were one of the `` Big Five '' majors during that era as well . In two cases -- Columbia and Universal -- the studios were also considered majors , but in the next tier down , part of the `` Little Three '' . In the sixth case , Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age ; it was an important Hollywood entity , but not a major . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , United Artists , and RKO were majors .   Today , Disney is the only member of the Big Six whose parent entity is still located near Los Angeles ( actually , on Disney 's studio lot and in the same building ) . The five others report to conglomerates headquartered in New York City , Philadelphia , and Tokyo . Of the Big Six , Paramount is the only one still based in Hollywood , and Paramount and Fox are the only ones still located within the Los Angeles city limits , while Disney and Warner Bros. are located in Burbank , Columbia in Culver City , and Universal in the unincorporated area of Universal City .   Most of today 's Big Six control subsidiaries with their own distribution networks that concentrate on arthouse pictures ( e.g. Fox Searchlight Pictures ) or genre films ( e.g. Sony 's Screen Gems ) ; several of these specialty units were shut down or sold off between 2008 and 2010 . The six major studios are contrasted with smaller production and/or distribution companies , which are known as independents or `` indies '' . The leading independent producer/distributors -- Lionsgate Films , The Weinstein Company , and former major studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer -- are sometimes referred to as `` mini-majors '' . From 1998 through 2005 , DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major , despite its relatively small output . In 2006 , DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom , Paramount 's corporate parent . In late 2008 , DreamWorks once again became an independent production company ; its films were distributed by Disney 's Touchstone Pictures until 2016 , at which point distribution switched to Universal .   The Big Six major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies -- either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film . The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures in which the studio has had no prior involvement . While the majors still do a modicum of true production , their activities are focused more in the areas of development , financing , marketing , and merchandising . Those business functions are still usually performed in or near Los Angeles , even though the runaway production phenomenon means that most films are now mostly or completely shot on location at places outside Los Angeles .   Since the dawn of filmmaking , the U.S. major film studios have dominated both American cinema and the global film industry . U.S. studios have benefited from a strong first-mover advantage in that they were the first to industrialize filmmaking and master the art of mass-producing and distributing high-quality films with broad cross-cultural appeal . Today , the Big Six majors routinely distribute hundreds of films every year into all significant international markets ( that is , where discretionary income is high enough for consumers to afford to watch films ) . It is very rare , if not impossible , for a film to reach a broad international audience on multiple continents and in multiple languages without first being picked up by one of the majors for distribution .

neg: 48th Academy Awards The 48th Academy Awards were presented March 29 , 1976 at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion , Los Angeles . The ceremonies were presided over by Walter Matthau , Robert Shaw , George Segal , Goldie Hawn , and Gene Kelly . This year , ABC took over broadcast rights from NBC , and continues to broadcast them today . ( NBC 's coverage of the 1976 NCAA Final Four aired opposite the ceremony ; during the presentation of the Best Film Editing award , the winner was jokingly announced ( by presenter Elliott Gould ) as `` Indiana , 86 -- 68 '' ; the Indiana Hoosiers had won the NCAA Final Four that night . )   Miloš Forman 's One Flew Over the Cuckoo 's Nest made a `` clean sweep '' of the major categories : Best Picture , Best Actor , Best Actress , Best Director and Best Screenplay ( Adapted ) . It was the second of three films to date to accomplish the sweep , following It Happened One Night in 1934 and preceding The Silence of the Lambs in 1991 .   French actress Isabelle Adjani received her first nomination for Best Actress this year , making Adjani , 20 at the time , the youngest actress to be nominated in the leading actress category , breaking the record set by 22-year-old Elizabeth Hartman in 1967 . This record would later be surpassed by 13-year-old Keisha Castle-Hughes in 2004 , and again in 2013 by nine-year old Quvenzhane Wallis . Adjani also presented the Best Film Editing award that night along with Gould who delivered the Indiana joke during the presentation .   At age 80 , George Burns became the oldest acting and Best Supporting Actor awardee , a record which stood until Jessica Tandy won Best Actress in 1989 . For males , Burns was succeeded by Christopher Plummer , who won Best Supporting Actor in 2012 for Beginners at the age of 82 .   Jaws was followed 25 years later by Traffic for a film that won all its nominations except Best Picture . Jaws is one of the few films to be nominated for Best Picture but not for directing , acting , or writing .

neg: Academy Film Archive The Academy Film Archive is part of the Academy Foundation , established in 1944 with the purpose of organizing and overseeing the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ' educational and cultural activities , including the preservation of motion picture history . Although the current incarnation of the Academy Film Archive began in 1991 , the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences acquired its first film in 1929 . Located in Hollywood , California at the Pickford Center for Motion Picture Study , the Archive has a diverse range of moving image material . The Archive 's collection comprises 85,000 titles and 190,000 separate items , including early American cinema , a vast collection of documentary films , filmed and taped interviews , amateur and private home movies of Hollywood legends , makeup and sound test reels , and a wide selection of experimental film , as well as Academy Award-winning films , Academy Award-nominated films , and a complete collection of every Academy Awards show since 1949 . Since acquiring the Packard Humanities Institute Collection , the Archive has the world 's largest known trailer collection . The Archive is also concerned with the preservation and restoration of films , as well as new technologies and methods of preservation , restoring over 800 titles of historical and artistic importance .

neg: 52nd Academy Awards The 52nd Academy Awards were presented April 14 , 1980 , at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion in Los Angeles . The ceremonies were presided over by Johnny Carson who , in noting the long duration of the production , joked that President Jimmy Carter was working hard for their `` release '' from the ceremonies , a clear reference to the Iranian hostage crisis .   Among the nominees for Best Supporting Actor were 8 year-old Justin Henry -- the youngest Best Supporting Actor nominee ever -- and 79-year-old Melvyn Douglas . This was the largest age difference between two competing actors in Oscar history until 2013 . Ironically , their age difference was partially the reason why Douglas did not attend the Oscars that night , despite winning the award . Henry was nominated for Kramer vs. Kramer , which out of its eight other nominations , finished with five awards , including Best Picture , Best Director for Robert Benton , and Best Actor for Dustin Hoffman .

neg: 15th Academy Awards The 15th Academy Awards was held in the Cocoanut Grove at The Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles . Best Picture honors went to the film Mrs. Miniver . The ceremony is most famous for the speech by the film 's Oscar-winning actress Greer Garson . Garson 's acceptance speech as Best Actress ran nearly 6 minutes and is generally considered to be the longest acceptance speech at an Academy Awards ceremony .   Mrs. Miniver was the second film ( after My Man Godfrey in 1936 ) to receive nominations in all four acting categories , as well as the first film to garner five acting nominations .   Also notable at the ceremony , Irving Berlin presented the Academy Award for Best Song , which he ended up winning for `` White Christmas '' .   Best Documentary had four winners , something that has not happened before or since .   A portion of the ceremony was broadcast by CBS Radio .

neg: ASIFA-Hollywood ASIFA-Hollywood , an American non-profit organization in Los Angeles , California , United States , is a branch member of the `` Association Internationale du Film d'Animation '' or `` ASIFA '' ( the International Animated Film Association ) . Its purpose is to promote the art of film animation in a variety of ways , including its own archive and an annual awards presentation , the Annie Awards . It is also known as the International Animated Film Society .   Many branches of ASIFA exist throughout the world ; in the US there are chapters in San Francisco , New York City , Atlanta , Seattle , Washington , the Detroit area , and others , while internationally , organizations exist in Annecy , France , in Italy , and Japan . ASIFA also sponsors several animation film festivals throughout the world , including the ASIFA-Hollywood Student Animation Festival .   ASIFA-Hollywood has the largest membership internationally of all other chapters , largely because the most popular cartoons ever produced were by studios and animation professionals located in the city of Burbank , which is also the location of the ASIFA-Hollywood Animation Center . It includes a virtual archive , museum , library and research facility , containing the ASIFA-Hollywood Animation Archive Project .

neg: Young Artist Award The Young Artist Award ( originally known as the Youth in Film Award ) is an accolade bestowed by the Young Artist Association , a non-profit organization founded in 1978 to honor excellence of youth performers , and to provide scholarships for young artists who may be physically and/or financially challenged .   First presented in 1979 , the Young Artist Awards was the first organization established to specifically recognize and award the contributions of performers under the age of 21 in the fields of film , television , theater and music .   The 1st Youth In Film Awards ceremony was held in October 1979 , at the Sheraton Universal Hotel in Hollywood to honor outstanding young performers of the 1978/1979 season . The 38th Annual Young Artist Awards ceremony , honoring young performers of 2016 , was held at the Alex Theatre in Los Angeles , California on March 17 , 2017 .

neg: 26th Academy Awards The 26th Academy Awards honored the best in films of 1953 .   The second national telecast of the Awards show drew an estimated 43 million viewers . Shirley Booth , appearing in a play in Philadelphia , presented the Best Actor award through a live broadcast cut-in , and privately received the winner 's name over the telephone from co-host Donald O'Connor . ( Actor Fredric March co-hosted from New York City . ) Gary Cooper filmed his presentation of the Best Actress award in advance on a set in Mexico , with O'Connor announcing the winner 's name .   All the major winners in this year were black-and-white films . The big winner was Fred Zinnemann 's From Here to Eternity , with thirteen nominations and eight awards including Best Picture , Best Supporting Actor , Best Supporting Actress , Best Director , Best Screenplay ( Daniel Taradash ) , Best Cinematography ( Burnett Guffey ) , Best Sound , and Best Film Editing . All five of its major actors and actresses were nominated , with secondary players Donna Reed and Frank Sinatra taking home Oscars . The candid film was based on James Jones ' controversial , best-selling novel about Army life on a Hawaiian ( Oahu ) military base just prior to the Pearl Harbor attack and World War II , illustrating the conflict between an individualistic private ( Montgomery Clift ) and rigid institutional authority ( exemplified by the Army ) . Its achievement of eight awards matched the then record held by Gone with the Wind ( 1939 ) . The record would be tied again the following year by On the Waterfront ( 1954 ) . Walt Disney won four awards , which remains the record for the most Oscars won in the same year .   William Holden 's speech for Best Actor for his role in Stalag 17 was simply `` Thank You '' , making it one of the shortest speeches ever ; the TV broadcast had a strict cutoff time which forced Holden 's quick remarks . The frustrated Holden personally paid for advertisements in the Hollywood trade publications to thank everyone he wanted to on Oscar night . He also remarked that he felt that either Burt Lancaster or Montgomery Clift should have won the Best Actor Oscar for From Here to Eternity , instead of him .

neg: 78th Academy Awards The 78th Academy Awards ceremony , presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS ) , took place on March 5 , 2006 , at the Kodak Theatre in Hollywood , Los Angeles beginning at 5:00 p.m. PST / 8:00 p.m. EST. . The ceremony was scheduled one week later than usual to avoid conflicting with the 2006 Winter Olympics . During the ceremony , AMPAS presented Academy Awards ( commonly referred to as Oscars ) in 24 categories honoring films released in 2005 . The ceremony , televised in the United States by ABC , was produced by Gil Cates and directed by Louis J. Horvitz . Actor Jon Stewart hosted the show for the first time . Two weeks earlier in a ceremony at The Beverly Hilton in Beverly Hills , California held on February 18 , the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Rachel McAdams .   Crash won three awards including Academy Award for Best Picture . Other winners included Brokeback Mountain , King Kong , and Memoirs of a Geisha also with three awards apiece , and Capote , The Chronicles of Narnia : The Lion , the Witch and the Wardrobe , The Constant Gardener , Hustle and Flow , March of the Penguins , The Moon and the Son : An Imagined Conversation , A Note of Triumph : The Golden Age of Norman Corwin , Six Shooter , Syriana , Tsotsi , Walk the Line , and Wallace & Gromit : The Curse of the Were-Rabbit with one each . The telecast garnered nearly 39 million viewers in the United States .

neg: 1956 Academy Awards 1956 Academy Awards may refer to :   28th Academy Awards , the Academy Awards ceremony that took place in 1956  29th Academy Awards , the 1957 ceremony honoring the best in film for 1956

neg: List of film awards This is a list of groups , organizations and festivals that recognize achievements in cinema , usually by awarding various prizes . The awards sometimes also have popular unofficial names ( such as the ` Oscar ' for Hollywood 's Academy Awards ) , which are mentioned if applicable . Many awards are simply identified by the name of the group presenting the award .   Awards have been divided into four major categories : Critics ' Awards , voted on ( usually annually ) by a group of critics ; Festival Awards , awards presented to the best film shown in a particular film festival ; Industry Awards , which are selected by professionals working in some branch of the movie industry ; and Audience Awards , which are voted by the general public .

neg: Hollywood Sign The Hollywood Sign ( formerly the Hollywoodland Sign ) is a landmark and American cultural icon located in Los Angeles , California . It is situated on Mount Lee , in the Hollywood Hills area of the Santa Monica Mountains . The sign overlooks Hollywood , Los Angeles .   `` HOLLYWOOD '' is spelled out in 45 ft-tall white capital letters and is 350 feet ( 106.7 m ) long . It was originally created in 1923 as an advertisement for a local real estate development , but it garnered increasing recognition after the sign was left up . The sign was a frequent target of pranks and vandalism , but it has since undergone restoration , including the installation of a security system to deter vandalism . The sign is protected and promoted by The Trust For Public Land , a nonprofit organization , while its site and the surrounding land are part of Griffith Park .   From the ground , the contours of the hills give the sign a wavy appearance . When observed at a comparable altitude , the letters appear nearly level .   The sign makes frequent appearances in popular culture , particularly in establishing shots for films and television programs set in or around Hollywood . Signs of similar style , but spelling different words , are frequently seen as parodies .

neg: Los Angeles Drama Critics Circle Award The Los Angeles Drama Critics Circle Awards is an annual awards program presented by the Los Angeles Drama Critics Circle ( LADCC ) .

neg: 1985 Academy Awards 1985 Academy Awards may refer to :   57th Academy Awards , the Academy Awards ceremony that took place in 1985  58th Academy Awards , the 1986 ceremony honoring the best in film for 1985

neg: 1999 Academy Awards 1999 Academy Awards may refer to :   71st Academy Awards , the Academy Awards ceremony that took place in 1999  72nd Academy Awards , the 2000 ceremony honoring the best in film for 1999

neg: 8th Academy Awards The 8th Academy Awards were held on March 5 , 1936 , at the Biltmore Hotel in Los Angeles , California . They were hosted by Frank Capra . This was the first year in which the gold statuettes were called `` Oscars '' .   The category of Best Dance Direction was introduced this year . The DGA successfully lobbied for its elimination three years later .   Mutiny on the Bounty became the last film to date to win Best Picture and nothing else ( following The Broadway Melody and Grand Hotel ) , and the only film to receive three nominations for Best Actor .   This was the second and last year that write-in votes were allowed at the Oscars . A Midsummer Night 's Dream became the only film to win a write-in Oscar , taking Best Cinematography .

neg: 1993 Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards The 19th Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards , honoring the best in film for 1993 , were given on 11 December 1993 .