query: Ronda Rousey was in a film.

pos: Ronda Rousey Ronda Jean Rousey ( -LSB- ˈraʊzi -RSB- born February 1 , 1987 ) is an American mixed martial artist , judoka , and actress .   Rousey was the first American woman to earn an Olympic medal in judo ( bronze ) , which she won at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing . She is the former UFC Women 's Bantamweight Champion , as well as the last Strikeforce Women 's Bantamweight Champion . She won 12 consecutive MMA fights , six in the Ultimate Fighting Championship ( UFC ) , before suffering her first loss to Holly Holm in November 2015 ; she won 11 of those fights in the first round , nine of them by armbar submission . Rousey trains under Gokor Chivichyan of the Hayastan MMA Academy , and Edmond Tarverdyan of the Glendale Fighting Club .   In May 2015 , two magazines ranked Rousey as the most `` dominant '' active athlete . In September 2015 , voters in an online ESPN poll selected Rousey as the Best Female Athlete Ever . Later that month , she claimed to be the UFC 's highest paid fighter , male or female . In 2015 , she was the third most searched person on Google . As of January 2017 , Rousey is ranked the # 4 female bantamweight fighter in the world according to the UFC , and # 9 by Sherdog .   Rousey 's first feature film role was the 2014 film The Expendables 3 . In 2015 , she had roles in the films Furious 7 and Entourage .

neg: Something to Sing About (2000 film) Something to Sing About is a 2000 American Christian drama film directed by Charlie Jordan , and starring Irma P. Hall , Darius McCrary , Kirk Franklin , Tamera Mowry , Rashaan Nall , and Helen Martin . It was produced by John Shepherd of World Wide Pictures . The storyline revolves around a young man , Tommy , an ex-convict who is trying to make a more fulfilling life for himself . It was the last film appearance for theater , film and television actress Helen Martin .

neg: Rough Magic Rough Magic is a 1995 comedy film directed by Clare Peploe , starring Bridget Fonda and Russell Crowe . It was based on a novel by James Hadley Chase called Miss Shumway Waves a Wand , with the screenplay written by Robert Mundi , William Brookfield , and Clare Peploe .

neg: Confessions of a Gambler Confessions of a Gambler is a 2007 film that depicts a woman 's struggles in life , and how she turns to gambling and later becomes addicted . It is based on a true story and is written by the lead actor , Rayda Jacobs . The book on which it is based won The Sunday Times Fiction Prize in 2004 .

neg: Restoration (1995 film) Restoration is a 1995 American historical drama film directed by Michael Hoffman . It stars Robert Downey , Jr. as a 17th-century medical student exploited by the king . The film , which is based on the novel of the same title by Rose Tremain , was filmed in Wales and won two Academy Awards .

neg: Torch Song (1993 film) Torch Song ( also known as Judith Krantz 's Torch Song ) is a 1993 made-for-television drama film directed by Michael Miller , starring Raquel Welch , Jack Scalia and Alicia Silverstone . The film originally premiered on ABC on May 23 , 1993 .

neg: Savage Streets Savage Streets is a 1984 American vigilante action film directed by Danny Steinmann and starring Linda Blair . The film premiered on October 5 , 1984 .   It is one of the few non-horror films that both Linda Blair and Linnea Quigley star in .

neg: How I Spent My Summer Vacation (film) How I Spent My Summer Vacation is a 1997 romantic comedy film , directed by John Fisher . The film stars Deanna Davis and RonReaco Lee , and is Fisher 's directorial debut film .

neg: Adan Ronquillo Ronquillo : Tubong Cavite ... Laking Tondo is a 1993 Filipino film directed by Joey del Rosario starring Filipino actors Bong Revilla , Sheryl Cruz , and Miguel Rodriguez . This movie was the initial production venture of Star Cinema , ABS-CBN 's film production outfit , in collaboration with Regal Films .

neg: Rocky Rocky is a 1976 American sports drama film directed by John G. Avildsen and both written by and starring Sylvester Stallone . It tells the rags to riches American Dream story of Rocky Balboa , an uneducated but kind-hearted working class Italian-American boxer working in a meat warehouse and as a debt collector for a loan shark in the slums of Philadelphia . Rocky starts out as a small-time club fighter , and later gets a shot at the world heavyweight championship . The film also stars Talia Shire as Adrian , Burt Young as Adrian 's brother Paulie , Burgess Meredith as Rocky 's trainer Mickey Goldmill , and Carl Weathers as the champion , Apollo Creed .   The film , made on a budget of just over $ 1 million and shot in 28 days , was a sleeper hit ; it earned $ 225 million in global box office receipts , becoming the highest-grossing film of 1976 , and went on to win three Oscars , including Best Picture . The film received many positive reviews and turned Stallone into a major star . In 2006 , the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being `` culturally , historically or aesthetically significant '' . Rocky is considered to be one of the greatest sports films ever made and was ranked as the second-best in the genre , after Raging Bull , by the American Film Institute in 2008 .   The film has spawned six sequels : Rocky II ( 1979 ) , Rocky III ( 1982 ) , Rocky IV ( 1985 ) , Rocky V ( 1990 ) , Rocky Balboa ( 2006 ) and Creed ( 2015 ) . Stallone portrays Rocky in all six sequels , wrote the first five , and directed four ( Avildsen returned to direct Rocky V and Ryan Coogler directed Creed ) .

neg: The Boogeyman (1980 film) The Boogeyman ( released in the United Kingdom as The Bogey Man ) is a 1980 American supernatural horror film directed by Ulli Lommel and starring Suzanna Love , John Carradine , and Ron James . The movie 's title refers to the long-held superstition of boogeymen beings , and its plot concerns an adult brother and sister who are targeted by the ghost of their mother 's deceased boyfriend which has been freed from an imprisoned mirror .   The film has received mixed to negative critical reviews , with criticism mainly regarding the heavy similarities from earlier horror films such as Halloween , The Exorcist , and The Amityville Horror . However , the movie became successful enough commercially to make the film-makers eager to release sequels , resulting in the film being followed by Boogeyman II and Return of the Boogeyman .

neg: Sleeping Dogs (film) Sleeping Dogs is a 1977 film based on the book Smith 's Dream by C. K. Stead , and is the first feature film by director Roger Donaldson . Featuring Sam Neill , Clyde Scott and Warren Oates it is notable for being the first feature-length 35 mm film produced entirely in New Zealand .   A political thriller with action film elements , it follows the lead character `` Smith '' ( Neill ) as New Zealand plunges into a police state as a fascist government institutes martial law after industrial disputes flare into violence . Smith gets caught between the special police and a growing resistance movement and reluctantly becomes involved .

neg: Malcolm (film) Malcolm is a 1986 Australian cult film comedy , written by the husband-and-wife team of David Parker and Nadia Tass , and directed by Nadia Tass ( who made her debut as a feature director on this film ) . The film stars Colin Friels as Malcolm , a tram enthusiast who becomes involved with a pair of would-be bank robbers . His co-stars are Lindy Davies and John Hargreaves . The film won the 1986 Australian Film Institute Award for Best Film , and seven other AFI awards including Best Script and Best Director .

neg: George Washington (film) George Washington is a 2000 American drama film written and directed by David Gordon Green . Its story centers on a group of children in a depressed small town in North Carolina who band together to cover up a tragic mistake .   Although it was not widely seen due to having had a very limited release , the film received wide praise from critics .

neg: 28 Days (film) 28 Days is a 2000 American comedy-drama film directed by Betty Thomas . Sandra Bullock plays Gwen Cummings , a newspaper columnist obliged to enter rehabilitation for alcoholism . The film costars Viggo Mortensen , Dominic West , Elizabeth Perkins , Steve Buscemi , and Diane Ladd .

neg: This Is the End This Is the End is a 2013 American disaster comedy film directed by Seth Rogen and Evan Goldberg and stars Rogen , James Franco , Jonah Hill , Jay Baruchel , Danny McBride , Craig Robinson , Michael Cera and Emma Watson . The story features real life actors playing fictionalized versions of themselves in the aftermath of a global biblical apocalypse . The film premiered at the Fox Village Theater on June 3 , 2013 and was released in the United States on June 14 , 2013 by Columbia Pictures , before being re-released on September 6 , 2013 . The film grossed $ 126 million on a $ 32 million budget . The film makes references to the past movies of the cast , including Spider-Man , Million Dollar Baby , Forrest Gump , Superbad , Pineapple Express , Moneyball , Your Highness , The Green Hornet , 127 Hours and the Harry Potter film series .

neg: Aloha (film) Aloha is a 2015 American romantic comedy-drama film written , produced and directed by Cameron Crowe . The film , starring Bradley Cooper , Emma Stone , Rachel McAdams , Bill Murray , John Krasinski , Danny McBride , and Alec Baldwin , was released on May 29 , 2015 . The film received negative reviews from critics , and has grossed only $ 26 million against a budget of $ 37 million , making the film a box office bomb .

neg: A Haunted House 2 A Haunted House 2 is a 2014 American horror comedy film directed by Michael Tiddes and starring Marlon Wayans . The film is the sequel to the 2013 film A Haunted House . Produced by IM Global Octane and distributed by Open Road Films , the film was released on April 18 , 2014 . The film received negative reviews , and earned over $ 23 million at the box office .

neg: Drumline: A New Beat Drumline : A New Beat is a 2014 American television film directed by Bille Woodruff . It is the sequel to 2002 's Drumline . The screenplay , a fictional story about a historically black college marching band , was written by Karen Gist and Regina Hicks . The story is about a young drummer from New York , played by Alexandra Shipp , who enters the fictional Atlanta A&T University and bumps heads with the leader of her new school 's drum section . Jordan Calloway , Mario Van Peebles , and LeToya Luckett co-star . Leonard Roberts reprises his role as Sean Taylor , while Nick Cannon reprise his role as Devon Miles . Cannon also serves as the film 's executive producer .   The film was released to DVD on March 3 , 2015 .

neg: Spree (film) Spree is a 1996 film written and directed by Rustin Thompson . It tells the story of a young woman who falls in love with a drug dealer and the perils that come with it .

neg: Vinegar Hill (novel) Vinegar Hill is a 1994 novel by A. Manette Ansay . It was chosen as an Oprah 's Book Club selection in November 1999 . It was adapted as a television film in 2005 , starring Mary-Louise Parker and Tom Skerritt .


query: The Netherlands is a nation.

pos: Amsterdam Amsterdam ( -LSB- ˈæmstərdæm , _ ˌæmstərˈdæm -RSB- -LSB- ɑmstərˈdɑm -RSB- ) is the capital and most populous municipality of the Kingdom of the Netherlands . Its status as the capital is mandated by the Constitution of the Netherlands , although it is not the seat of the government , which is The Hague . Amsterdam has a population of 851,373 within the city proper , 1,351,587 in the urban area , and 2,410,960 in the Amsterdam metropolitan area . The city is located in the province of North Holland in the west of the country . The metropolitan area comprises much of the northern part of the Randstad , one of the larger conurbations in Europe , with a population of approximately 7 million .   Amsterdam 's name derives from Amstelredamme , indicative of the city 's origin around a dam in the river Amstel . Originating as a small fishing village in the late 12th century , Amsterdam became one of the most important ports in the world during the Dutch Golden Age ( 17th century ) , a result of its innovative developments in trade . During that time , the city was the leading centre for finance and diamonds . In the 19th and 20th centuries the city expanded , and many new neighborhoods and suburbs were planned and built . The 17th-century canals of Amsterdam and the 19 -- 20th century Defence Line of Amsterdam are on the UNESCO World Heritage List . Since the annexation of municipality Sloten in 1921 by the municipality of Amsterdam , the oldest historic part of the city lies in Sloten ( 9th century ) .   As the commercial capital of the Netherlands and one of the top financial centres in Europe , Amsterdam is considered an alpha world city by the Globalization and World Cities ( GaWC ) study group . The city is also the cultural capital of the Netherlands . Many large Dutch institutions have their headquarters there , and seven of the world 's 500 largest companies , including Philips and ING , are based in the city . In 2012 , Amsterdam was ranked the second best city to live in by the Economist Intelligence Unit ( EIU ) and 12th globally on quality of living for environment and infrastructure by Mercer . The city was ranked 3rd in innovation by Australian innovation agency 2thinknow in their Innovation Cities Index 2009 . The Amsterdam seaport to this day remains the second in the country , and the fifth largest seaport in Europe .   Famous Amsterdam residents include the diarist Anne Frank , artists Rembrandt van Rijn and Vincent van Gogh , and philosopher Baruch Spinoza .   The Amsterdam Stock Exchange , the oldest stock exchange in the world , is located in the city center . Amsterdam 's main attractions , including its historic canals , the Rijksmuseum , the Van Gogh Museum , Stedelijk Museum , Hermitage Amsterdam , Anne Frank House , Amsterdam Museum , its red-light district , and its many cannabis coffee shops draw more than 5 million international visitors annually .

pos: Cabinet of the Netherlands The cabinet of the Netherlands ( Nederlandse kabinet ) is the main executive body of the Dutch government . The current cabinet of the Netherlands is the Second Rutte cabinet .

pos: List of countries by inequality-adjusted HDI This is a list of countries by inequality-adjusted human development index ( IHDI ) , as published by the UNDP in its 2016 Human Development Report . According to the 2016 Report , `` The IHDI can be interpreted as the level of human development when inequality is accounted for , '' whereas the Human Development Index itself is `` an index of potential human development ( or the maximum HDI that could be achieved if there were no inequality ) . ''   The HDI , from which the IHDI derives , is a composite statistic of life expectancy , education , and per capita income indicators , which are used to rank countries into four tiers of human development . The HDI was developed by Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq , is anchored in the Indian Nobel laureate Amartya Sen 's work on human capabilities , often framed in terms of whether people are able to `` be '' and `` do '' desirable things in their life , and was published by the United Nations Development Program .

pos: Port of Rotterdam The Port of Rotterdam is the largest port in Europe , located in the city of Rotterdam , Netherlands . From 1962 until 2004 it was the world 's busiest port , now overtaken first by Singapore and then Shanghai . In 2011 , Rotterdam was the world 's eleventh-largest container port in terms of twenty-foot equivalent units ( TEU ) handled ( 2009 : tenth ; 2008 : ninth , 2006 : sixth ) . In 2012 Rotterdam was the world 's sixth-largest port in terms of annual cargo tonnage .   Covering 105 km2 , the port of Rotterdam now stretches over a distance of 40 km . It consists of the city centre 's historic harbour area , including Delfshaven ; the Maashaven/Rijnhaven/Feijenoord complex ; the harbours around Nieuw-Mathenesse ; Waalhaven ; Vondelingenplaat ; Eemhaven ; Botlek ; Europoort , situated along the Calandkanaal , Nieuwe Waterweg and Scheur ( the latter two being continuations of the Nieuwe Maas ) ; and the reclaimed Maasvlakte area , which projects into the North Sea .   Rotterdam consists of five distinct port areas and three distribution parks that facilitate the needs of a hinterland with 40,000,000 consumers .

pos: The Hague The Hague ( -LSB- ðə_ˈheɪɡ -RSB- Den Haag , -LSB- dɛn ˈɦaːx -RSB- or 's - Gravenhage -LSB- ˈsxraːvə ( n ) ˌɦaːɣə -RSB- ) is a city on the western coast of the Netherlands , and the capital city of the province of South Holland .   With a population of 520,704 inhabitants ( as of 1 April 2016 ) and more than one million inhabitants including the suburbs , it is the third-largest city of the Netherlands , after Amsterdam and Rotterdam . The Rotterdam The Hague Metropolitan Area , with a population of approximately 2.7 million , is the 12th-largest in the European Union and the most populous in the country . Located in the west of the Netherlands , The Hague is in the centre of the Haaglanden conurbation and lies at the southwest corner of the larger Randstad conurbation .   The Hague is the seat of the Dutch government , parliament , the Supreme Court , and the Council of State , but the city is not the capital of the Netherlands , which constitutionally is Amsterdam . Most foreign embassies in the Netherlands and 150 international organisations are located in the city , including the International Court of Justice and the International Criminal Court , which makes The Hague one of the major cities hosting the United Nations along with New York , Geneva , Vienna , Rome , and Nairobi . King Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands plans to live at Huis ten Bosch and works at Noordeinde Palace in The Hague , together with Queen Máxima . The Hague is also home to the world headquarters of Royal Dutch Shell and numerous other major Dutch companies .

pos: European Union The European Union ( EU ) is a political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe . It has an area of 4,475,757 km2 , and an estimated population of over 510 million . The EU has developed an internal single market through a standardised system of laws that apply in all member states . EU policies aim to ensure the free movement of people , goods , services , and capital within the internal market , enact legislation in justice and home affairs , and maintain common policies on trade , agriculture , fisheries , and regional development . Within the Schengen Area , passport controls have been abolished . A monetary union was established in 1999 and came into full force in 2002 , and is composed of 19 EU member states which use the euro currency .   The EU traces its origins from the European Coal and Steel Community ( ECSC ) and the European Economic Community ( EEC ) , formed by the Inner Six countries in 1951 and 1958 , respectively . Next the treaty of Rome of 1957 created the European Community made up of the six core countries of Belgium , France , Italy , Luxembourg , the Netherlands and West Germany . The decades following many new members joined them while at the same time integration of economic , cultural , judicial and so forth would then deepen the relationships distinct European entity . The community and its successors have grown in size by the accession of new member states and in power by the addition of policy areas to its remit . While no member state has left the EU or its antecedent organisations , the United Kingdom enacted the result of a membership referendum in June 2016 and is currently negotiating its withdrawal . The Maastricht Treaty established the European Union in 1993 and introduced European citizenship . The latest major amendment to the constitutional basis of the EU , the Treaty of Lisbon , came into force in 2009 .   The European Union accumulated a high portion of GDP as a form of foreign aid than any other economic union . Covering 7.3 % of the world population , the EU in 2016 generated a nominal gross domestic product ( GDP ) of 16.477 trillion US dollars , constituting approximately 22.2 % of global nominal GDP and 16.9 % when measured in terms of purchasing power parity . Additionally , 27 out of 28 EU countries have a very high Human Development Index , according to the United Nations Development Programme . In 2012 , the EU was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize . Through the Common Foreign and Security Policy , the EU has developed a role in external relations and defence . The union maintains permanent diplomatic missions throughout the world and represents itself at the United Nations , the World Trade Organization , the G7 , and the G20 . Because of its global influence , the European Union has been described as an emerging superpower .

pos: List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita Three lists of countries below calculate gross domestic product ( at purchasing power parity ) per capita , i.e. , the purchasing power parity ( PPP ) value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a given year , divided by the average ( or mid-year ) population for the same year .

pos: Netherlands The Netherlands , ( -LSB- ˈnɛðərləndz -RSB- Nederland -LSB- ˈneːdərˌlɑnt -RSB- ; Nederlân ) also known informally as Holland , is the main constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands . It is a densely populated country located in Western Europe with three island territories in the Caribbean.designated Bonaire , Sint Eustatius and Saba within ISO ISO 3166-1 . The European part of the Netherlands borders Germany to the east , Belgium to the south , and the North Sea to the northwest , sharing maritime borders with Belgium , the United Kingdom , and Germany .   The four largest cities in the Netherlands are Amsterdam , Rotterdam , The Hague and Utrecht ( collectively known as G4 ) . Amsterdam is the country 's capital , while The Hague holds the Dutch seat of parliament and government . The port of Rotterdam is the world 's largest port outside East-Asia , and the largest port in Europe . The name Holland is used informally to refer to the whole of the country of the Netherlands.Formally ` Holland ' refers only to two of the country 's twelve provinces : North Holland and South Holland .   `` Netherlands '' literally means `` lower countries '' , influenced by its low land and flat geography , with only about 50 % of its land exceeding one metre above sea level . Most of the areas below sea level are artificial . Since the late 16th century , large areas ( polders ) have been reclaimed from the sea and lakes , amounting to nearly 17 % of the country 's current land mass . With a population density of 412 people per km2 -- 507 ( January 2017 ) if water is excluded -- the Netherlands is classified as a very densely populated country . Only Bangladesh , South Korea , and Taiwan have both a larger population and higher population density . Nevertheless , the Netherlands is the world 's second-largest exporter of food and agricultural products , after the United States . This is partly due to the fertility of the soil and the mild climate . The Netherlands was the third country in the world to have an elected parliament , and since 1848 it has been governed as a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy , organised as a unitary state . The Netherlands has a long history of social tolerance and is generally regarded as a liberal country , having legalised abortion , prostitution and euthanasia , while maintaining a progressive drugs policy . In 2001 , it became the world 's first country to legalise same-sex marriage .   The Netherlands is a founding member of the EU , Eurozone , G-10 , NATO , OECD and WTO ; as well as being a part of the Schengen Area and the trilateral Benelux Union . The country is host to the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons and five international courts : the Permanent Court of Arbitration , the International Court of Justice , the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia , the International Criminal Court and the Special Tribunal for Lebanon . The first four are situated in The Hague , as is the EU 's criminal intelligence agency Europol and judicial co-operation agency Eurojust . This has led to the city being dubbed `` the world 's legal capital . '' The country also ranks second highest in the world 's 2016 Press Freedom Index , as published by Reporters Without Borders .   The Netherlands has a market-based mixed economy , ranking 17th of 177 countries according to the Index of Economic Freedom . It had the thirteenth-highest per capita income in the world in 2013 according to the International Monetary Fund . In 2013 , the United Nations World Happiness Report ranked the Netherlands as the seventh-happiest country in the world , reflecting its high quality of life . The Netherlands also ranks joint third highest in the Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index , along with Australia .

neg: Monarchy of the Netherlands The monarchy of the Netherlands is constitutional and as such , the role and position of the monarch are defined and limited by the constitution of the Netherlands . Consequently , a fairly large portion of the Dutch constitution is devoted to the monarch ; roughly a third of the constitution describes the succession , mechanisms of accession and abdication to the throne , the roles and responsibilities of the monarch and the formalities of communication between the States-General of the Netherlands and the role of the monarch in the creation of laws .   The Kingdom of the Netherlands has been an independent monarchy since 16 March 1815 , but its one-time sovereign provinces have intermittently been `` governed '' by members of the House of Orange-Nassau and the House of Nassau from 1559 to 1747 , since Philip II of Spain appointed William of Orange as stadtholder . William became the leader of the Dutch Revolt and the independent Dutch Republic . As stadtholder , he was followed by several of his descendants . In 1747 , the function of stadtholder became a hereditary position in all Provinces of the thus `` crowned '' Dutch Republic . The last stadtholder was William V. His son became the first king as William I.

neg: Dutch Americans Dutch Americans are Americans of Dutch descent whose ancestors came from The Netherlands in the recent or distant past . Whether intentional or not , they usually maintain connections with their Dutch heritage , by having , for example , a Dutch surname or belonging to a Dutch community group . Dutch settlement in the Americas started in 1613 with New Amsterdam , which was exchanged with the British for the current Suriname at the treaty of Breda ( 1667 ) and renamed New York City . The British split the Dutch colony of New Netherlands into two pieces , and named them New York and New Jersey . Further waves of immigration occurred in the 19th and 20th centuries .   According to the 2013 American Community Survey , an estimated 4.5 million Americans claim total or partial Dutch heritage . Today the majority of the Dutch Americans live in Michigan , California , Montana , Minnesota , New York , Wisconsin , Idaho , Utah , Iowa , Ohio , West Virginia , and Pennsylvania .

neg: Spanish Netherlands Spanish Netherlands ( Países Bajos españoles Spaanse Nederlanden ) ; Pays-Bas espagnols ) was the collective name of States of the Holy Roman Empire in the Low Countries , held in personal union by the Spanish Crown ( also called Habsburg Spain ) from 1581 to 1714 . This region comprised most of modern Belgium and Luxembourg , as well as parts of northern France and western Germany . The capital was Brussels .   The Imperial fiefs of the former Burgundian Netherlands had been inherited by the Austrian House of Habsburg from the extinct House of Valois-Burgundy upon the death of Mary of Burgundy in 1482 . The Seventeen Provinces formed the core of the Habsburg Netherlands which passed to the Spanish Habsburgs upon the abdication of Emperor Charles V in 1556 . When part of the Netherlands separated to form the autonomous Dutch Republic in 1581 , the remainder of the area stayed under Spanish rule until the War of the Spanish Succession .

neg: Vlieland Vlieland ( -LSB- ˈvlilɑnt -RSB- ; Flylân ) is a municipality and island in the northern Netherlands . The municipality of Vlieland has only one major town : Oost-Vlieland ( West Frisian : East-Flylân ) . It is the second-least densely populated municipality in the Netherlands ( after Schiermonnikoog ) .   Vlieland is one of the West Frisian Islands , lying in the Wadden Sea . It is the second island from the west in the chain , lying between Texel and Terschelling . The island was permanently separated from the mainland in St. Lucia 's flood in 1287 . Vlieland was named after the Vlie , the seaway between it and Terschelling that was the estuary of the river IJssel in medieval times .

neg: Dutch Limburg Dutch Limburg may refer to the following :  Limburg ( Netherlands ) ( 1866 -- present ) , a province of the Netherlands  Duchy of Limburg ( 1839 -- 1867 ) , a duchy in personal union with the Kingdom of the Netherlands  Province of Limburg ( 1815 -- 1839 ) , a province of the former United Kingdom of the Netherlands  Limburg of the States , territories controlled by the Dutch States-General from 1648 to 1794 as Generality Lands

neg: Bulgaria–Netherlands relations Bulgarian-Dutch relations are foreign relations between Bulgaria and the Netherlands . Bulgaria has an embassy in The Hague . The Netherlands has an embassy in Sofia . Both countries are full members of NATO and of the European Union .

neg: Sint Maarten Sint Maarten ( -LSB- sɪnt ˈmaːrtə ( n ) -RSB- ) is an island country in the Caribbean . It is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands . With a population of 33,609 on an area of 34 km2 , it encompasses the southern 40 % of the divided island of Saint Martin , while the northern 60 % of the island constitutes the French overseas collectivity of Saint-Martin . Its capital is Philipsburg .   Before 10 October 2010 , Sint Maarten was known as the Island Territory of Sint Maarten ( Eilandgebied Sint Maarten ) , and was one of five island territories ( eilandgebieden ) that constituted the Netherlands Antilles .

neg: Zeelandic Flanders Zeelandic Flanders ( -LSB- ˌzeːu̯sˈflaːndərə ( n ) -RSB- , Zeelandic : Zeêuws-Vlaonderen ) is the southernmost region of the province of Zeeland in the south-western Netherlands . It lies south of the Western Scheldt that separates the region from the remainder of Zeeland to the north . Zeelandic Flanders is bordered to the south by Belgium .

neg: Belgium–Netherlands relations Belgian -- Dutch relations refer to interstate relations between the Belgium and the Netherlands . It can be seen as one of the closest international relationships in existence , marked by shared history , culture , institutions and language , extensive people-to-people links , aligned security interests , sporting tournaments and vibrant trade and investment cooperation . Relations were established after Belgium became independent from the United Kingdom of the Netherlands in 1839 . Both nations are great allies with cultural similarities and close cooperation between both governments . Dutch , known in Belgium as Flemish , is the most-spoken language in both countries . Approximately 35,000 Belgian nationals live in the Netherlands , while there are around 111,000 Dutch nationals in Belgium .   Thanks to their shared history and the Dutch language , the Netherlands and Belgium have strong cultural ties . In 1980 , the two countries set up the Dutch Language Union to encourage greater cooperation in the field of Dutch language and literature . The Union offers services including language tools like dictionaries and a language advice service , education in and about Dutch , literature and reading skills , and activities promoting the Dutch language in Europe and the rest of the world . The Union also works to showcase the two countries ' shared cultural heritage .   Belgium has an embassy in The Hague and consulates in Amsterdam , Maastricht , Nijmegen , Roosendaal , Rotterdam , Terneuzen , Vlissingen and Winsum , while the Netherlands has an embassy in Brussels and consulates in Antwerp , Ghent , Liège and Namur . Both nations are members of the European Union and NATO and , together with Luxembourg , form the Low Countries and the Benelux economic union .   Many television programmes are made mutually between the two countries , such as So You Think You Can Dance and Benelux ' Next Top Model . The two countries were joint hosts of the UEFA Euro 2000 football tournament and ( unfruitfully ) made a bid to host the 2018 World Cup football .

neg: Dutch general election, 1922 General elections were held in the Netherlands on 5 July 1922 . They were the first elections held under universal suffrage , which became reality after the acceptance of a proposal by Henri Marchant in 1919 that gave women full voting rights . Almost all major parties had a woman elected . The number of female representatives increased from one to seven . Only the Anti-Revolutionary Party principally excluded women from the House of Representatives . Another amendment to the electoral law increased the electoral threshold from 0.5 % to 0.75 % , after six parties had won seats with less than 0.75 % of the vote in the previous elections .   The General League of Roman Catholic Caucuses remained the largest party , increasing from 30 to 32 seats , whilst the Anti Revolutionary Party increased from 13 to 16 seats , and the Christian Historical Union went from 7 to 11 seats . The right-wing Christian Democratic Party and the Christian Social Party both lost their sole seats , disappearing from the House , while the Reformed Political Party ( SGP ) managed to win a seat . The SGP , an orthodox Protestant party established in 1918 , was opposed to the co-operation of the Protestant ARP and CHU with the Catholics .   The Social Democratic Workers ' Party lost two seats , whilst left-wing splinter parties also suffered losses , and went from four to two seats .   Several liberal groups had merged in 1921 to form the Liberal State Party , but lost further seats as they were reduced from fifteen to only ten . However , a new Liberal Party led by the 85-year-old Samuel van Houten , won a seat . Van Houten himself did not take the seat , which was instead occupied by his representative , Lizzy van Dorp .   The Free-thinking Democratic League maintained , against most expectations , their five seats , whilst of the remaining splinter parties , only the Peasants ' League was able to survive , rising from one to two seats .   After a relatively short formation , the second Ruijs de Beerenbrouck cabinet was formed , with largely the same composition as the previous one .

neg: States of South Holland The States of South Holland ( Staten van Zuid-Holland , -LSB- ˈstaːtə ( n ) vɑn zœyt ˈɦɔlɑnt -RSB- ) are the States-Provincial for the Dutch province of South Holland . It forms the legislative body of the province . Its 55 seats are distributed every four years in provincial elections . Since 2014 , it is chaired by Jaap Smit ( CDA ) .

neg: Netherlands Worldwide Students Netherlands Worldwide Students ( Nederlandse Wereldwijde Studenten ) , NWS for short , is a Dutch student organisation   NWS forms a worldwide network of Dutch students currently , formerly and prospectively enrolled at foreign universities or professional schools . It offers a platform for joint activities and bridges the gap to the government , private sector , academic sector and society of the Netherlands . Most importantly , NWS tries to maintain a strong connection between Dutch students abroad and the Netherlands , and vice versa . Integral to this mission is making sure that the voices of Dutch students abroad are being heard in policy debates and that the value of studying abroad is appreciated from an individual , economic and societal perspective .   NWS Clubs form an integral part of the NWS network , offering local activities , seminars , borrels and Dutch gezelligheid at universities outside of the Netherlands . NWS Clubs are active at Harvard , Cornell , Oxford , Cambridge , LSE , Paris and Bruges , amongst others .   In addition , NWS maintains an online database of Dutch students currently or formerly enrolled at foreign universities . This network provides its participants access to local contacts , knowledge and advice in any sector or country to facilitate studying abroad or returning to the Netherlands . NWS also has its own Wiki-based site , for user-generated information on studying abroad , foreign universities , financial aid and such .   NWS was founded in 2007 by and for students and is completely run by volunteers . It is registered as a charity and receives support from Nuffic , the IB-Group , as well as several Dutch multinationals through sponsorship for events .   As part of their activities , NWS conducts research on studying abroad through surveys among its members . The findings are presented in the `` NWS-onderzoek '' research report , which is published every other year . After publicatiosen , the report is presented to a representative of the Dutch government . Previous representatives to receive the report include Sybrand Haersma Buma and former State Secretary of Education Halbe Zijlstra . In past years , the research report has focused on obstacles for Dutch students in going abroad and returning to the Netherlands .   Over the past few years , NWS has increasingly become involved in informing Dutch secondary school and university students about the opportunities for studying abroad .

neg: History of the Dutch language Dutch is a West Germanic language , that originated from the Old Frankish dialects .   Among the words with which Dutch has enriched the English vocabulary are : brandy , coleslaw , cookie , cruiser , dock , easel , freight , landscape , spook , stoop , and yacht . Dutch is noteworthy as the language of an outstanding literature , but it also became important as the tongue of an enterprising people , who , though comparatively few in number , made their mark on the world community through trade and empire . Dutch is also among some of the earliest recorded languages of Europe . Countries that have Dutch as an official language are Belgium , the Netherlands , Suriname , Aruba and Curacao .

neg: Netherlands at the 2016 Summer Olympics The Netherlands competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro , from 5 to 21 August 2016 . Since the nation 's official debut in 1900 , Dutch athletes had competed at every edition of the Summer Olympic Games in the modern era , with the exception of the sparsely attended 1904 Summer Olympics in St. Louis and 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne , which the Netherlands boycotted because of the Soviet invasion of Hungary .

neg: Netherlands national bandy team The Dutch national bandy team represents the Netherlands in the sport of bandy .   The team made its international championship debut at the 1913 European Bandy Championships in Davos , Switzerland . However , the Netherlands did not compete in the Bandy World Championship before the 1990s , even if bandy actually has been played more or less regularly in the Netherlands since the early 20th Century . The Netherlands participated in their first World Championship tournament in 1991 and has been attending the tournaments regularly since the 2003 championship .   On 6 January 2014 the Dutch won a four nation tournament in Davos , a centenary celebration of the European Championship of 1913 . The other teams were Czech Republic , Hungary , and Germany . The Netherlands also took part in the 2016 Davos Cup .   The current team is controlled by the Bandy Bond Nederland .

neg: Road transport in the Netherlands With 139,000 km of public roads , the Netherlands has one of the most dense road networks in the world -- much denser than Germany and France , but still not as dense as Belgium . In 2013 , 5,191 km were national roads , 7,778 km were provincial roads , and 125,230 km were municipality and other roads .  Dutch roads include 3,530 km of motorways and expressways , and with a motorway density of 64 kilometres per 1,000 km2 , the country also has one of the densest motorway networks in the world . In Dutch a motorway is called `` autosnelweg '' or simply `` snelweg '' ; other expressways are just called `` autoweg '' ( literally : `` car road '' ) . According to a 2004 estimate , some 12,500 km of road remain as yet unpaved .   Mobility on Dutch roads has grown continuously since the 1950s and now exceeds 200 billion km travelled per year . With a population of 16.8 million people , this comes down to an average of 32 km per person per day . Around half of all trips in the Netherlands are made by car , making up three quarters of all passenger kilometres travelled , meaning that while Dutch roads are numerous , they are also used with one of the highest intensities of any road network . Car ownership in the Netherlands is high but not exceptional , and slightly lower than in surrounding countries . Goods vehicles make up 20 % of total traffic , and road transport accounts for 40 % of all freight movements registered , including overseas shipping .   The busiest Dutch motorway is the A13 between The Hague and Rotterdam , with a traffic volume of 140,000 motor vehicles per day . The province of Utrecht in the centre of the country however , has the busiest motorways on average ( almost 100,000 vehicles a day ) , with major motorways A1 , A2 , A12 , A27 and A28 running through it . The busiest 4-lane motorway in the Netherlands is the A10 in the Coen Tunnel in Amsterdam with 110.000 vehicles per day . The widest Dutch motorway is the A15/A16 just south of Rotterdam with 16 lanes in a 4 +4 +4 +4 setup .

neg: Dutch Reformed Church in South Africa (NGK) The Dutch Reformed Church ( , abbreviated NGK ) is a Reformed Christian denomination in South Africa . It also has a presence in neighbouring countries , such as Namibia , Swaziland , and parts of Botswana , Zimbabwe and Zambia . It claims 1.1 million members and 1,602 ordained ministers in 1,158 congregations .   The Nederduits in the denomination 's Afrikaans name refers to the old nomenclature for the Dutch language , formerly written as Nederduitsch in Dutch . This not to be confused with the literal translation Low German , which is a dialect in the north of Germany . It is therefore correctly referred to as the `` Dutch Reformed Church '' in South Africa .   Originating in the 17th century from the Dutch Reformed Church of the Netherlands , the NGK is the largest denomination within South Africa 's Dutch Reformed tradition . Along with the Dutch Reformed Church in South Africa ( NHK ) and the Reformed Churches in South Africa , it is considered one of the three sister churches of South Africa .

neg: United Netherlands (organization) United Netherlands ( UNL ) is an educational student-led organization that focuses on the theory and practice of international relations and diplomacy . It is based at the Radboud University in Nijmegen , the Netherlands .   UNL has organized various student activities related to the United Nations , including the Radboud international Model United Nations ( RiMUN ) , the Month of the United Nations ( MotUN ) , and the High School Program ( HSP ) . Furthermore , United Netherlands offers the accredited United Nations and Multilateral Diplomacy ( UNMD ) course , and its corresponding Delegation to Oxford University and Harvard University .

neg: Netherlands in World War II The direct involvement of the Netherlands in World War II began with its invasion by Nazi Germany on 10 May 1940 . The Netherlands had proclaimed neutrality when war broke out in September 1939 , just as it had in World War I , but Adolf Hitler ordered it to be invaded anyway . On 15 May 1940 , one day after the bombing of Rotterdam , the Dutch forces surrendered . The Dutch government and the royal family escaped and went into exile in London .   Following the defeat , the Netherlands was placed under German occupation , which endured in some areas until the German surrender in May 1945 . Active resistance was carried out by a small minority , which grew in the course of the occupation . The occupiers deported the majority of the country 's Jews to Nazi concentration camps , with the cooperation of much of the Dutch police and civil service .   Due to the high variation in the survival rate of Jewish inhabitants amongst local regions in the Netherlands , scholars have questioned the validity of a single explanation at the national level . Nonetheless , and also due to the well organized population registers comparing to other countries , about 70 % of the country 's Jewish population were killed during the conflict ; a much higher percentage than comparable countries , like Belgium and France . However , the city of Amsterdam organized the only industrial action in protest to the persecution of their Jewish fellow citizens ever in all of the Nazi occupied areas .   Most of the south of the country was liberated in the second half of 1944 . The rest , especially the west and north of the country still under occupation , suffered from a famine at the end of 1944 , known as the `` Hunger Winter '' . On 5 May 1945 , the whole country was finally liberated by the total surrender of all German forces .

neg: Supreme Court of the Netherlands The Supreme Court of the Netherlands ( Hoge Raad der Nederlanden -LSB- ˈɦoːɣə raːdɛr ˈneːdərlɑndə ( n ) -RSB- , literally `` High Council of the Netherlands '' ) is one of the highest courts of the Netherlands , Curaçao , Sint Maarten and Aruba . The Court was established on 1 October 1838 and sits in The Hague , Netherlands .   The Court has exclusive final jurisdiction over civil and criminal matters . In certain administrative cases it has final jurisdiction as well , while in other cases this jurisdiction rests with the adjudicative division of the Council of State , the Central Appeals Tribunal , the Trade and Industry Appeals Tribunal as well as judicial institutions in the Caribbean part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands . The Court is a court of cassation , which means that it has the competence to quash or affirm rulings of lower courts , but no competence to re-examine or question the facts . It only considers whether the lower courts applied the law correctly and the rulings have sufficient reasoning . In so doing it establishes case law . According to Article 120 of the Constitution , courts may not rule on the constitutionality of laws passed by the States General and treaties . With the exception of constitutional Court of Sint Maarten courts ( which rules on constitutionality with regards to the Sint Maarten constitution only ) have thus no competence for judicial review with respect to the Constitution .   The Supreme Court currently consists of 36 judges : a president , 6 vice-presidents , 25 justices ( , literally `` Lords of the Council '' ) and 4 justices in exceptional service . All judges are appointed for life , until they retire at their own request or mandatorily at the age of 70 .


query: R. Madhavan produced 2010 Evano Oruvan.

pos: Evano Oruvan Evano Oruvan ( Some One ) is a 2007 Tamil drama film directed by Nishikanth Kamat who made his debut in the Tamil film industry with the film . It is a remake of Kamat 's critically acclaimed Marathi film , Dombivli Fast , which itself was heavily influenced by the Michael Douglas starrer 1993 Hollywood film Falling Down . It stars Madhavan and Sangeetha in the lead roles , with director Seeman acting in a pivotal role . The film 's music is composed by P. Sameer and the title song by G. V. Prakash Kumar . It is produced by noted Hindi directors Abbas Burmawalla and Mustan Burmawalla as they make their debuts as Tamil film producers under the distribution of their home banner , Burmawalla Limited . It had been previously named , Ivan Yaaro .

pos: R. Madhavan Ranganathan Madhavan ( born 1 June 1970 ) is an Indian actor , writer and film producer . Madhavan has received two Filmfare Awards , an award from the Tamil Nadu State Film Awards alongside recognition and nominations from other organisations . He has been described as one of the few actors in India who is able to achieve pan-Indian appeal , appearing in films from seven different languages .   Madhavan began his acting career with television guest appearances , including a role on the Zee TV prime-time soap opera Banegi Apni Baat in 1996 . After appearing in commercials and in small roles , he later gained recognition in the Tamil film industry through Mani Ratnam 's successful romance film Alaipayuthey ( 2000 ) . Madhavan soon developed an image as a romantic hero with notable roles in two of 2001 's highest grossing Tamil films , Gautham Menon 's directorial debut Minnale and Madras Talkies ' Dumm Dumm Dumm . He worked with Mani Ratnam again in the critically acclaimed 2002 film Kannathil Muthamittal playing the father of an adopted girl , whilst he achieved commercial success with his role in N. Linguswamy 's action film , Run ( 2002 ) .   Madhavan was cast alongside Kamal Haasan in the 2003 drama Anbe Sivam , which earned him two notable awards for Best Supporting Actor . In 2004 , he gave a critically acclaimed performance as the antagonist in the multi-starrer Aayutha Ezhuthu and the film secured him his first Filmfare Award for the intense portrayal of a rogue . In the mid-2000s , Madhavan also actively pursued a career in Hindi films , by appearing in supporting roles in three highly successful productions , Rakeysh Omprakash Mehra 's Rang De Basanti ( 2006 ) , Mani Ratnam 's biopic Guru ( 2007 ) and Rajkumar Hirani 's 3 Idiots ( 2009 ) , which went on to become the highest grossing Indian film of all time upon release . He simultaneously worked on Tamil films , gaining critical acclaim for his portrayal of a vigilante in his home production Evano Oruvan ( 2007 ) and for the successful bilingual horror film , Yavarum Nalam ( 2009 ) . After appearing in further box office hits , Tanu Weds Manu ( 2011 ) and Vettai ( 2012 ) , Madhavan took a break from acting . Returning after a three-year sabbatical in 2015 , his comeback films , the romantic-comedy Tanu Weds Manu Returns ( 2015 ) and the sports drama Irudhi Suttru ( 2016 ) , both won critical and commercial acclaim .   In addition to his acting career , Madhavan has worked as a writer on his films , hosted television programmes and has been a prominent celebrity endorser for brands and products . He has also worked as a film producer , first making Evano Oruvan with Leukos Films , before setting up Tricolour Films to produce Saala Khadoos ( 2016 ) . Madhavan is noted for his philanthropic activities and promotes various causes such as environment , health and education . He is particularly vocal about the protection of animals and was awarded PETA 's Person of the Year recognition in 2012 .

neg: Viswanathan Ravichandran Viswanathan Ravichandran , also known as Oscar V. Ravichandran , is an Indian film producer and distributor in Chennai , India . He is the founder and owner of the production and distribution company , Oscar Films Pvt. Ltd. . Ravichandran started his venture in 1998 with the co-production of Kadhalukku Mariyadhai . He went on to produce many large-scale Tamil language films and distribute a number of English films across South India .

neg: List of accolades received by Aadukalam Aadukalam ( Arena ) is a 2011 Indian Tamil-language drama film written and directed by Vetrimaaran and produced by S. Kathiresan . Vetrimaaran co-wrote the dialogues with Vikram Sugumaran . The film stars Dhanush and Taapsee Pannu in the lead roles with Kishore , V. I. S. Jayapalan , Naren , and Murugadoss playing supporting roles . The musical score was composed by G. V. Prakash Kumar while the cinematography and editing were respectively handled by Velraj and Kishore Te . The film 's story revolves around Karuppu who is the understudy of an experienced cockfighter , Pettaikaran . When Karuppu wins in a cockfight against Pettaikaran 's rival Rathnasamy , Pettaikaran , who is initially happy , becomes jealous of Karuppu 's newfound popularity and plots his downfall . The film was dubbed into Telugu as Pandem Kollu .   Produced on a budget of 150-200 million , Aadukalam was released on 14 January 2011 and grossed 300 million according to a February 2011 report by The Economic Times . The film garnered awards and nominations in several categories , with particular praise for its direction , screenplay , Dhanush 's performance , music , cinematography , and editing . As of 2017 , the film has won 33 awards from 52 nominations .   Aadukalam won six awards at the 58th National Film Awards ceremony , thereby sharing the record with Kannathil Muthamittal ( 2002 ) for the most number of National Film Awards won by a Tamil film . It won awards under the Best Direction ( Vetrimaaran ) , Best Actor ( Dhanush ) , Best Screenplay ( Original ) ( Vetrimaaran ) , Best Editing ( Kishore Te ) and Best Choreography ( Dinesh Kumar ) categories with a Special Jury Award being presented to V. I. S Jayapalan . The film was nominated in seven categories at the 59th Filmfare Awards South , winning Best Film -- Tamil ( S. Kathiresan ) , Best Director -- Tamil , Best Actor -- Tamil , Best Music Director -- Tamil ( G. V. Prakash Kumar ) , and Best Cinematographer ( Velraj ) . At the 6th Vijay Awards , it was nominated in twenty-two categories and won in five , including Entertainer of the Year , Best Director and Best Music Director . Among other wins , the film received seven Ananda Vikatan Cinema Awards , four South Indian International Movie Awards , three Mirchi Music Awards , and one Norway Tamil Film Festival Award , Chennai International Film Festival Award , and Chennai Times Film Award each .

neg: Varshadhare Varshadhare ( 2010 ) is a Kannada movie directed by Vemagal Jagannatharao .

neg: Singam (soundtrack) The film 's soundtrack , released on 11 May 2010 , was scored by Devi Sri Prasad , marking his third collaboration with Suriya after Maayavi and Aaru .

neg: Oru Veedu Iru Vasal Oru Veedu Iru Vasal ( One House , Two Entrances ) is a 1990 Indian Tamil language Drama film directed by K Balachander starring Yamini , Kumaresh and Ganesh . The film had two storylines , first story was adapted from novel `` Meendum Meendum '' by Anuradha Ramanan and the second story was written by Ananthu . Violin virtuoso-brothers Ganesh and Kumaresh made their acting débuts . The film won the National Film Award for Best Film on Other Social Issues at the 38th National Film Awards .

neg: Vasantha Geetha Vasantha Geetha is a 1980 Indian Kannada romantic drama film directed by Dorai - Bhagwan duo . The film starred Rajkumar , Gayathri and Puneeth Rajkumar in lead roles .   The film , produced by Nirupama Art Combines , was a musical blockbuster with all the songs composed by M. Ranga Rao considered evergreen hits . The story , lyrics and screenplay were written by Chi . Udaya Shankar .   A portion of the song Kannalle Eno from this movie was re-used in the title track of the 2010 movie Jackie .

neg: Note Out Note Out is a 2011 Malayalam comedy film directed by debutant Kutty Naduvil starring Nishan and Mithra Kurian in the lead roles . The music of the film has been composed by Vinu Thomas with lyrics penned by Anil Panachooran . The film released on 14 January 2011 . The film is produced by Joseph George in the banner of Thekkadiyil Films , who also distributes the film through Play House Release .

neg: ...And Once Again And Once Again is a 2010 Indian family drama film directed by Amol Palekar . The film premiered in India on 20 August 2010 .

neg: Madhu (film) Madhu is a 2006 Tamil-language Indian feature film directed by K. Thennarasu and produced by K.KaliyaMoorthy , starring Githan Ramesh , Priyamani and Ashish Vidyarthi . The film was released in 2006 to negative reviews and went unnoticed .

neg: Parvathy (actress) Parvathy ( born Parvathy Thiruvoth Kottuvata ) is an Indian film actress from Kozhikode , Kerala , who stars in South Indian films . She made her debut in the 2006 Malayalam film Out of Syllabus . She 's well known for her performances in films such as Notebook ( 2006 ) , Poo ( 2008 ) , Prithvi ( 2010 ) , City of God ( 2011 ) , Maryan ( 2013 ) , Bangalore Days ( 2014 ) , Uttama Villain ( 2015 ) , Ennu Ninte Moideen ( 2015 ) , Charlie ( 2015 ) and Take Off ( 2017 ) .   Parvathy has won various awards and accolades for her roles . Parvathy won the 2015 Kerala State Film Award for Best Actress for her performances in the Malayalam films Ennu Ninte Moideen and Charlie . She won Filmfare awards for various roles as well , including the 2015 Filmfare Award for Best Actress for her role as Kanchanamala in the Malayalam film Ennu Ninte Moideen ( 2015 ) and the 2008 Filmfare Award for Best Actress for her role as Maari in the Tamil film Poo . She also won the 2014 Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role as RJ Sarah in the Malayalam film Bangalore Days ( 2014 ) .

neg: Naan Mahaan Alla (2010 film) Naan Mahaan Alla ( I 'm Not a Saint ) is a 2010 Tamil-language Indian crime thriller film written and directed by Suseenthiran . It stars Karthi , Kajal Aggarwal , Jayaprakash and Soori . It features music scored by Yuvan Shankar Raja and cinematography handled by R. Madhi and was produced by K. E. Gnanavelraja and distributed by Dayanidhi Azhagiri 's Cloud Nine Movies . The film , not related to the namesake 1984 Rajinikanth-starrer , but based on a real life incident , released on 20 August 2010 to positive reviews .   It was later dubbed in Telugu as Naa Peru Shiva , released across 230 screens in Andhra Pradesh and became a success there too .

neg: 2010 Kerala Sahitya Akademi Awards The 2010 Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award was announced in January 6 , 2011 .

neg: Bodyguard (2010 film) Bodyguard is a 2010 Malayalam romantic action comedy film written and directed by Siddique . It stars Dileep and Nayantara in the lead roles . This film was Nayantara 's comeback to Malayalam cinema after a gap of four years , and it is the first time that Dileep had worked with Siddique . Popular choreographer-director Prabhu Deva choreographed the song sequences .   The film released on 23 January 2010 . It has been remade into Tamil , Hindi , Kannada and Telugu and was a moderate success . Tamil and Hindi versions were directed by Siddique himself . A Bengali version of the movie is in production .

neg: Veera Telangana Veera Telanagana is a 2010 Telugu film directed by R. Narayana Murthy , based on Telangana Movement . The film 's cast include R. Narayana Murthy , Vijayaranga Raju .

neg: Rajiv Menon Rajiv Menon ( born 20 April 1963 ) is an Indian advertising director , cinematographer , actor and film maker known for his works predominantly in Tamil cinema . He is known for directing critically acclaimed Tamil films like Minsara Kanavu and Kandukondain Kandukondain . As a cinematographer his accomplishments include works such as , Bombay , Morning Raga , Guru , Kadal , and Cheluvi .   Menon 's first directorial venture Minsara Kanavu was not only a commercial success but also received four National Film Awards . His second directorial venture was the multi-starrer Kandukondain Kandukondain . In addition to directing the film , he also wrote the story and screenplay for the film . The film fetched him the Filmfare Award for Best Tamil Director award . Menon has also set up Rajiv Menon Productions and Mindscreen Film Institute , which supplies equipment for documentaries , advertising films and cinema . He has acted in a Malayalam film called Harikrishnans and has given a cameo in Minsara Kanavu .

neg: Mathond Madhuvena Mathond Madhuvena is a 2011 Kannada film in the comedy genre starring Anant Nag , Suhasini Maniratnam and Naveen Krishna in the lead roles . The film is a sequel to the 2010 hit film Eradane Maduve . The film has been directed and written by Dinesh Baboo and produced by Umesh Banakar and Anil Menasinakayi . Giridhar has composed the music .

neg: Raaj the Showman Raaj-The Showman is a 2009 Kannada language film starring Puneeth Rajkumar and Priyanka Kothari , making her debut in the Kannada cinema . It was directed by Prem , director of the popular film , Jogi . Punith Rajkumar 's one of the best Performance was noticed by people . Pavan Ranadheera was the Associate Director and joined his hands and penned the script , screenplay and dialogues .   The first Kannada film to have the 4 K technology , the first Kannada film to release in 12 countries at a time when it is released on 14 August in Karnataka , Chennai , Hyderabad and Mumbai , the first Kannada film to come out with 150 prints is Rs .8 crore venture . Raj The Showman had made good collection . And the film was considered as super hit it completed 75 days in 5 theaters .

neg: Snehapoorvam Urvashi Theaters Snehapoorvam Urvashi Theaters is a 2010 Indian Malayalam film directed by Ajith Nair .

neg: Manmadan Ambu Manmadan Ambu ( Cupid 's Arrow ) is a 2010 Indian Tamil romantic comedy film directed by K. S. Ravikumar . Written by Kamal Haasan , it stars himself alongside R. Madhavan and Trisha Krishnan in the lead roles , while featuring Ramesh Arvind , Sangeetha , Manju Pillai and Urvashi among others in supporting roles . The film features music composed by Devi Sri Prasad , with several songs written and sung by Kamal Haasan himself , while Manush Nandan and Shan Mohammed made their debut as cinematographer and editor .   After significant pre-production which included rehearsals of the entire script before filming , the film was extensively shot across Europe and on a cruise ship , whilst scenes were also canned across Chennai and Kodaikanal . It was produced by Udhayanidhi Stalin , Manmadan Ambu released worldwide on 23 December 2010 . It was dubbed into Telugu as Manmadha Banam and distributed by Gemini Film Circuit . Upon release , the film opened to mixed reviews and had an average run at the box office .

neg: Nannavanu Nannavanu is a 2010 Indian Kannada language romantic drama film written and directed by Srinivas Raju and produced by Thulasi Gopal . The film stars Prajwal Devaraj along with Aindrita Ray and Avinash in pivotal roles . The film deals with the reincarnation revenge story as the backdrop . Music maestro Ilaiyaraaja scored the music and V. Nagendra Prasad wrote the lyrics for the songs .   The film released on 28 May 2010 across Karnataka and set high expectations for its storyline , music and also some controversies . However upon release , the film generally met with negative reviews from the critics and audience .


query: Giacomo Casanova was from Italy.

pos: Giacomo Casanova Giacomo Girolamo Casanova ( -LSB- ˈdʒaːkomo dʒiˈrɔːlamo kazaˈnɔːva -RSB- or -LSB- kasaˈnɔːva -RSB- 2 April 1725 -- 4 June 1798 ) was an Italian adventurer and author from the Republic of Venice . His autobiography , Histoire de ma vie ( Story of My Life ) , is regarded as one of the most authentic sources of the customs and norms of European social life during the 18th century .   As was not uncommon at the time , Casanova , depending on circumstances , used more or less fictitious names , such as baron or count of Farussi ( the name of his mother ) or Chevalier de Seingalt ( pronounced Saint-Galle , as in French ) . He often signed his works Jacques Casanova de Seingalt after he began writing in French following his second exile from Venice .   He has become so famous for his often complicated and elaborate affairs with women that his name is now synonymous with `` womanizer '' . He associated with European royalty , popes , and cardinals , along with luminaries such as Voltaire , Goethe , and Mozart . He spent his last years in Bohemia as a librarian in Count Waldstein 's household , where he also wrote the story of his life .

neg: Casanova (Anita Skorgan song) `` Casanova '' was the Norwegian entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1977 , performed in Norwegian by Anita Skorgan .   The song is an up-tempo number , with Skorgan describing her husband , who is absent at the time . She is uncomplimentary about this , singing that he sees himself as a Casanova or a Don Juan figure , and this irritates her . In this particular instance , he claimed he was going for a walk , but `` his suit and car are gone '' , implying something else .   The song was performed fifth on the night , following Austria 's Schmetterlinge with `` Boom Boom Boomerang '' and preceding West Germany 's Silver Convention with `` Telegram '' . At the close of voting , it had received 18 points , placing 15th in a field of 18 .   It was succeeded as Norwegian representative at the 1978 contest by Jahn Teigen with `` Mil etter mil '' .   Category : Eurovision songs of Norway  Category : Eurovision songs of 1977  Category :1977 songs  Category : RCA Victor singles  Category :1977 singles  Category : Songs about celebrities  Category : Cultural depictions of Giacomo Casanova

neg: Villanovan culture The Villanovan culture was the earliest Iron Age culture of central and northern Italy , abruptly following the Bronze Age Terramare culture and giving way in the 7th century BC to an increasingly orientalizing culture influenced by Greek traders , which was followed without a severe break by the Etruscan civilization . The Villanovan culture and people branched from the Urnfield culture of Central Europe . The Villanovans introduced iron-working to the Italian peninsula ; they practiced cremation and buried the ashes of their dead in pottery urns of distinctive double-cone shape .   The name Villanovan comes from the type-site , that of the first archaeological finds relating to this advanced culture , remnants of a cemetery found near Villanova ( Castenaso , 8 kilometers south-east of Bologna ) in northern Italy . The excavation lasting from 1853 to 1855 was made by the scholarly owner , count Giovanni Gozzadini , and involved 193 tombs , six of which were separated from the rest as if to signify a special social status . The `` well tomb '' pit graves lined with stones contained funerary urns ; they had been only sporadically plundered , and most were untouched . In 1893 , a chance discovery unearthed another distinctive Villanovan necropolis at Verucchio , overlooking the Adriatic coastal plain .   The burial characteristics relate the Villanovan culture to the Central European Urnfield culture ( c. 1300 -- 750 BC ) , and Celtic Hallstatt culture ( which succeeded the Urnfield culture ) , in such a way that it is not possible to tell them apart in their earlier stages . Cremated remains were placed in cinerary urns and then buried . A custom believed to originate with the Villanovan culture is the usage of `` Hut urns '' , cinerary urns fashioned like small huts , and other advanced urn designs . Typical sgraffito decorations of swastikas , meanders and squares were scratched with a comb-like tool . Urns were accompanied by simple bronze fibulae , razors and rings .

neg: Casanova (2005 film) Casanova is a 2005 American romantic film directed by Lasse Hallström starring Heath Ledger and loosely based on the life of Giacomo Casanova .

neg: Samnium Samnium ( Sannio ) is a Latin exonym for a region of Southern Italy anciently inhabited by the Samnites . Their own endonyms were Safinim for the country ( attested in one inscription and one coin legend ) and Safineis for the The language of these endonyms and of the population was the Oscan language . However , not all the Samnites spoke Oscan , and not all the Oscan-speakers lived in Samnium .   The ancient geographers were unable to relay a precise definition of Samnium 's borders . Moreover , the areas it included vary depending on the time period considered . The main configurations are the borders it had during the floruit of the Oscan speakers , from about 600 BC to about 290 BC , when it was finally absorbed by the Roman Republic .   This originary Samnium should not be confused with the later territory of the same name . Rome 's first Emperor , Augustus , divided Italy into 11 regions . Although these entities only served administrative purposes , and were identified with the sole numeral , by scholarly convention the Regio IV has been dubbed `` Samnium '' . Ancient Samnium had actually been split up into three of the Augustan regions .   The name survives in Italian today , but it defines only a small portion of what it once was - virtually , only the Province of Benevento .

neg: Giacomo Moraglia Giacomo Moraglia ( 7 June 1791 -- 1 February 1860 ) was a prolific Italian architect in the late Neoclassical period , remembered above all for his Porta Comasina ( now Porta Garibaldi ) in Milan .

neg: The Age of the Medici The Age of the Medici , originally released in Italy as L'età di Cosimo de Medici ( The Age of Cosimo de Medici ) , is a 1973 3-part TV series about the Renaissance in Florence , directed by Roberto Rossellini . The series was shot in English in the hope of securing a North American release , which it failed to achieve , and was later dubbed into Italian and shown on state television . The films are : Cosimo de Medici , The Power of Cosimo and Leon Battista Alberti : Humanism . It is Fred Ward 's debut role .   Like several other TV series directed by Rossellini during the 1970s , The Age of the Medici is a form of docudrama , in which historical information is communicated via dramatized conversations between figures from history , and between ordinary people . They are unabashedly `` teaching films . '' As Dave Kehr explains , `` The dialogue is bluntly didactic , with characters telling one another things they would already know entirely for the benefit of the audience ... . Rossellini is n't asking his viewers to identify with his characters or become caught up in their personal dramas ... Instead he creates a detached perspective . '' Each scene plays out in a single long take , with the camera slowly moving and zooming to create different framings of the action , or , as Kehr puts it , `` to close in on details or investigate relationships '' .   When the films debuted in New York 's Public Theater in 1973 , New York Times movie critic Vincent Canby noted that while not difficult , the austere style of the films , `` as well as Rossellini 's total lack of concern for what might be called performance , take some getting used to . Yet once you 've grasped the method and the rhythm of the films , they are a ravishingly beautiful experience '' :   The actors make few attempts to act . They recite as they walk about magnificent locations , sounding and looking like ferociously gifted dress-extras . The talk has been rather flatly dubbed into English so that it 's not always possible to tell who is speaking.Forget these problems , though . The film is about what is being said and what you can see around and behind these figures . When you connect with The Age of the Medici , it has the effect of reducing every other film you 've seen recently to the status of an ornament .

neg: Canovaccio A canovaccio is a scenario used by commedia dell ` arte players . It consisted only of a list of acts and scenes ; the details were left to the improvisation of the actors . Actors in the commedia dell ` Arte thus had to be endowed with an inventive mind since the success of the play depended largely on their creativity and above all on their lazzi ( jokes and gags ) . The spotlight fell on the actors rather than on the play itself .   The use of improvisation on top of canovaccio enabled the avoidance of censorship because censors can not censor that which is not written . Since the dialogue was almost entirely improvised on stage , actors and theatre companies could get away with almost anything .   In the late 19th century scholars began searching for documentary sources on the history of the theatre in Italy . Over a thousand documents in manuscript or print were discovered that consisted of canovaccia in numerous collections or individually , and usually anonymous .

neg: Palazzo Biscari Palazzo Biscari is a private palace in Catania , Sicily , southern Italy .   It was built by will of the Paternò Castello family , the princes of Biscari , starting from the late 17th century , lasting for much of the following century , after the devastations of the 11 January 1693 earthquake . The new palace was built directly against the city walls ( Charles V 's walls ) , which had partially withstood the earthquake .   The oldest section was built under Ignazio , third prince of Biscari , who entrusted the project to architect Alonzo Di Benedetto . Ignazio 's son , Vincenzo , commissioned the decoration of the seven large windows facing the seaside , by the Messinese sculptor Antonino Amato . Later the palace was modified under the fourth Prince , Ignazio Paternò Castello , who had it enlarged eastwards under design by Giuseppe Palazzotto and , later , by Francesco Battaglia . The building was finished in 1763 and inaugurated with big celebrations .   The palace is accessed through a large portal facing via Museo Biscari , leading to the inner courtyard , which features a large double staircase . In the interior is the `` Feasts Hall '' , in Roccoco style , with a complex decoration of mirrors , stuccoes and frescoes painted by Matteo Desiderato and Sebastiano Lo Monaco . The small dome , destined to the orchestra , has a frescoe depicting the glories of the Paternò Castello di Biscari family . It is accessed through a staircase decorated in stucco within the gallery facing the sea .   Among the other rooms are the `` Fief Room '' , featuring large canvasses of the Biscari feudataries ; the `` Princess Apartments '' , built by Ignazio V of Biscari for his wife , with pavements of ancient Roman marbles ; the `` Birds Gallery '' and the `` Don Quixote Room '' . There is also a museum , once housing the collection of Ignazio V , most of the material of which is now in the Castello Ursino in Catania .

neg: Italianization Italianization ( Italianizzazione talijanizacija poitaljančevanje Italianisierung Ιταλοποίηση ) is the spread of Italian culture , people , or language , either by integration or assimilation .   It is most known for a process organized by the Kingdom of Italy to force cultural and ethnic assimilation of the native populations living in the former Austro-Hungarian territories that were transferred to Italy after World War I in exchange for Italy having joined the Triple Entente in 1915 . This process was conducted during the period of Fascist rule between 1922 and 1943 .

neg: Giustiniana Wynne Giustiniana Wynne ( later Countess Rosenberg-Orsini ; Venice , 21 January 1737Padua , 22 August 1791 ) was an Anglo-Venetian author . She is best known for her association with Casanova as well as her secret love affair with Andrea Memmo , one of the last statesmen of the Venetian Republic .

neg: Battista Beccario Battista Beccario , also known as Baptista Beccharius ( name also sometimes given as `` Beccaria '' , `` Beccari '' or `` Bedrazio '' ) , was a 15th-century Genoese cartographer .   Virtually nothing is known of his life . Battista is probably a relative ( perhaps a son ? ) of an earlier Genoese cartographer , Francesco Beccario , responsible for a 1403 portolan map .   Battista Beccario is the author of two notable portolan charts :   1426 portolan chart , signed and dated , `` Baptista Becharius civis Janue composuit hanc cartam anno domini millex.o CCCC.XXX de mense novembris ad requisicionem et nomine ... '' ( rest illegible ) , 103.5 x 68 cm , held by the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek in Munich , Germany . ( Mapp.XXV ,1 y )  1435 portolan chart signed and dated as '' ... a becharius . Ciuis Janue composiut hanc ... anno domini . Millexio cccc.xxxv de ... jullij '' ( some portions unreadable ) , 89 x 65 cm , held by the Biblioteca Palatina in Parma , Italy . ( II ,21,1613 )   ( A third possible Battista Beccario map surfaced c. 1950 , albeit unsigned and tentatively dated c. 1426 . It is privately held . )   Both of the Beccario maps are smaller than the `` normal portolan '' , i.e. they omit the Black Sea and most of the east Mediterranean . The maps also barely touches Europe north of Flanders . They do , however , have an expansive Atlantic Ocean , riddled with islands .   In the 1426 Munich map , Beccario seems to derive many of the stylings of the Majorcan cartographic school , being the first Italian map replete with inland features Although it seems like a `` normal portolan '' , it covers an area a bit smaller than its predecessors , e.g. it omits most of northern Europe and the Baltics , and less of the west African coast . Among its novel features , Beccario depicts the winds and the Pole star on colored round disks on the edge of the map , a custom later widely adopted in portolan charts . The portolan 's signature is emblazoned with the royal arms of Castile-Leon , suggesting a Spanish patron .   Beccario 's 1435 Parma map is similar to the earlier in its range , but exhibits the traditional sparse Italian school style , nautical-focused , omitting most inland details and illustrations , with only a few cities depicted ( Genoa , Avignon , Santiago de Compostela , Tlemcen ) , the rest ( if noted ) reduced to labels .   In his 1426 map , Beccario labels what seems like the Madeira archipelago , recently ( re - ? ) discovered by the Portuguese in 1418 -- 20 , as the insulle fortunate santi brandany ( `` Fortunate Islands of Saint Brendan '' ) , blending the legendary Saint Brendan 's Island and the real islands of Madeira .   Prior to the discovery of the 1424 map of Zuane Pizzigano , Beccario 's 1435 Parma map was believed to be the first to depict the legendary Atlantic islands of Antillia , Satanazes ( Satanagio ) , Royllo and Tanmar , famously labelling the group as Insulle a nove repte ( read : repte = repertae , `` islands newly reported '' ) . The Antillia group does not appear in his earlier 1426 chart .

neg: Fabio Casadei Turroni Fabio Casadei Turroni ( born November 11 , 1964 ) is an Italian novelist , musicologist and journalist . Son of the painter Rino Casadei Turroni , he studied singing and got his bachelor 's degree as a musicologist at the Department of Art and Music at Bologna State University . He then established himself as a lyrical tenor . Casadei Turroni 's performing style was highly appreciated by some of the best musicians of the 20th century , but at the age of 38 he gave up performing because of his health troubles , and started writing novels . He currently lives between Bologna and Milan .   His debut novel , Moto Perpetuo ( Perpetuum Mobile ) , was a best seller and won the first prize at the 2001 GLBT Art Competition . His second novel Cosmicomiche Orgasmiche ( a clear tribute to Italo Calvino 's Cosmicomiche ) was published one year after . The third novel Angelo d'Edimburgo was published in 2006 . The preface of the novel was written by the writer Roberto Pazzi , and the postface was written by the composer Sylvano Bussotti .   In 2007 Casadei Turroni wrote the libretto for an opera , Ceneraccio ( Cinderella ) , taken from old Norwegian tales . The music was written by Sylvano Bussotti . Casadei Turroni also translated poems by Christopher Isherwood into Italian for musical settings by Bussotti .   Casadei Turroni is also a political activist in support of the International Lesbian and Gay Association and other LGBT organizations .

neg: Manon Balletti Manon Balletti ( 1740 -- 1776 ) was the daughter of Italian actors performing in France and lover of the famous womanizer Giacomo Casanova . She was ten years old when she first met him ; she happened to be the daughter of Silvia Balletti , an actress of the Comédie Italienne company and younger sister of Casanova 's closest friend .   The lovers started their relationship when Casanova was thirty-two years old and Manon was seventeen . ( Although Manon 's mother was associated with acting , considered disreputable at the time , mother and daughter were observed by Casanova to be of a `` pure nature '' . ) She wrote forty-two letters full of love and deep feelings for him ; a well-known quote from these letters describes Casanova as : `` My lover , my husband , my friend '' . Casanova 's sexual passions caused him to be unfaithful , causing their three-year relationship to have numerous ups and downs . Yet she continued to share his home , found in Rue du Petit-Lion-St . Sauveur . Manon was at the time engaged to her clavichord teacher , but broke it off at Casanova 's request , thus starting a new engagement with him . This did not keep him from having various sexual relations with other women , yet Manon remained faithful to him . His memoirs record his regret for being unkind to her when having these affairs .   Once Casanova was imprisoned after he was sued by creditors in Paris . Manon sent a pair of diamond earrings with which she bought him out . Subsequently she ended the engagement and returned his portrait and letters . Manon married the architect Jacques-François Blondel a short while after , disappointing Casanova , who believed that he would one day be able to settle down with her .   Manon died at the age of 36 , questionably from pulmonary hypertension . Casanova wrote in his memoirs that he believed his behavior shortened her life .

neg: Building Little Italy Building Little Italy : Philadelphia 's Italians before Mass Migration is a 1998 nonfiction book by Richard N. Juliani , published by Penn State University Press . The book discusses Italian immigration to Philadelphia , Pennsylvania from its beginnings in the 1750s through the 1870s . The book discusses the individual Italian Americans and the social issues the early Italian American community faced .   John Zucchi of McGill University wrote that Building Little Italy was against the practice of being filiopietistic , or members of an ethnic group emphasizing `` the presence of their `` tribe '' in a particular locale from the early history of a European presence in that locus '' in order `` to bolster the community or to respond to a perceived self-disesteem of their ethnic group '' . Stefano Luconi of the University of Florence wrote that this book differed from a trend of most research of Italian Americans being `` a hagiographic defense of Italian immigrants ' contributions to the cultural , political , and economic development of American society to counter negative stereotypes of Italians as foreigners incapable of assimilation into their adoptive country . ''

neg: After Casanova's Fashion After Casanova 's Fashion ( Italian : Casanova farebbe così ! ) is a 1942 Italian comedy film directed by Carlo Ludovico Bragaglia and starring Eduardo De Filippo , Peppino De Filippo and Clelia Matania .

neg: San Giacomo in Augusta San Giacomo in Augusta is a Baroque-style church built in central Rome , Italy .   Standing on Via del Corso number 499 , roughly three blocks south of the Piazza del Popolo in rione Campo Marzio , nearly opposite to the church of Gesù e Maria . A Church at the site was originally built in the 14th century adjacent to a hospital for the Incurabili ( uncurables ) , and thus is also known as San Giacomo degli Incurabili . The suffix `' in Augusta '' referred to the neighboring Mausoleum of Augustus .   A church at the location was founded along with a hospital by Cardinal Giovanni Colonna in 1339 . By 1515 , the hospital was in a state of abandon , but within a few decades reopened under the supervision of two religious orders , with the aim of curing those affected by syphilis . Pope Nicholas V placed it under the control of the Company of Santa Maria del Popolo . This order was under the patronage of the Florentine Cardinal Antonio Maria Salviati , and he commissioned the reconstruction of the church . The oval layout of the church at the site was rebuilt starting by Francesco da Volterra in 1592 . Upon the former architect 's death , the facade and most of the interior decoration completed by Carlo Maderno in 1600 .

neg: A Modern Casanova A Modern Casanova ( German : Der moderne Casanova ) is a 1928 German silent romantic comedy film directed by Max Obal and Rudolf Walther-Fein and starring Harry Liedtke , María Corda and Ernö Verebes .   The film 's art direction was by Botho Hoefer and Hans Minzloff .

neg: Il teatro alla moda Il teatro alla moda ( The Fashionable Theater ) is a satirical pamphlet in which its author , the Venetian composer Benedetto Marcello ( 1686 -- 1739 ) , vents his critical opinions on the milieu of the Italian opera seria in the first decades of the eighteenth century . It was first published anonymously in Venice , by the end of 1720 . Virtually every aspect of opera seria and its social environment is mercilessly criticized by Marcello : the artificiality of plots , the stereotyped format of music , the extravagant scenography and machinery , the inability and venality of composers and poets , the vanity and vulgarity of singers , the avidity of impresarios , the ineptitude of musicians .   The full title reads `` THE FASHIONABLE THEATER -- OR -- safe and easy METHOD for correctly composing and performing Italian OPERAS in the modern style , -- In which -- useful and necessary Advice is given to Librettists , Composers , Musicians of both sexes , Impresarios , Performers , Engineers , and Scene Painters , comic Characters , Tailors , Pages , Dancers , Prompters , Copyists , Protectors , and MOTHERS of female Virtuoso singers , & other People belonging to Theater . '' In fact , Il teatro alla moda is written as a series of chapters where advice is ironically given to the various people involved in operatic productions , in order to meet `` the modern customs '' and bizarre requirements of such theatrical events .   Besides the title , the frontispiece contains several allusions to well-known protagonists of the Venetian theater of the time . For instance , the publisher 's name `` Aldiviva Licante '' refers , by means of anagrams , both to Antonio Vivaldi , then very famous as an opera composer , and to the singer Caterina Canteli .   The text of Il teatro alla moda displays several striking features . To begin with , it shows a degree of vacillation in attitude toward its subject -- perhaps resulting from Marcello 's personal ambivalence regarding operatic music , as both a critic and a composer . For example , the dedicatory is by `` the author of the book to its composer . '' In addition , it exhibits a number of surrealistic elements , which reach a climax in the last chapter , `` The Raffle '' ( presumably organized by the mother of a young female singer ) , where the prizes include `` a full dress of modern poet in fever-colored tree bark , wrapped with metaphors , translations , hyperboles '' as well as `` the pen that wrote Il teatro alla moda . '' The printing accompanies these peculiarities with a chaotic use of italic and normal typography and of capital fonts .

neg: Casanova (1971 TV serial) Casanova is a British television drama serial , written by television playwright Dennis Potter . Directed by Mark Cullingham and John Glenister , the serial was made by the BBC and screened on the BBC2 network in November and December 1971 . It is loosely based on Italian adventurer Giacomo Casanova 's Histoire de ma vie ( Story of My Life ; 1780 -- 92 ) . It was Dennis Potter 's first television serial , having previously written single plays for the BBC 's The Wednesday Play and Play for Today series . Frank Finlay starred in the title role and was nominated for the best actor award at the 1972 BAFTA ceremony .

neg: Giovanni Bellucci Giovanni Bellucci ( born Rome , August 31 , 1965 ) is an Italian pianist .  After having inadvertently discovered the piano , when he was already fourteen , he started studying at the ` S. Cecilia ' Conservatoire in Rome under the direction of Franco Medori . After having taken his degree summa cum laude and honourable mention , he was awarded a `` Master '' at the Accademia Pianistica in Imola . As a result he could subsequently claim amongst his contacts artists of the stature of Paul Badura-Skoda , Alfred Brendel , Murray Perahia and Maurizio Pollini .   His recording of Franz Liszt 's Paraphrases of Verdi and Bellini operas was included in Diapason magazine 's selection of the all-time top 10 Liszt recordings . Apart from Bellucci , the music critic Alain Lompech only took into consideration artists such as Martha Argerich , Claudio Arrau , Aldo Ciccolini , Gyorgy Cziffra , Wilhelm Kempff and Krystian Zimerman . For the British magazine Gramophone , Bellucci is an artist born into the great Italian tradition and brought up to it - a tradition historically represented by Busoni , Zecchi , Michelangeli , Ciani , Pollini .   `` He takes us back to the golden age of the piano '' declared the daily Le Monde in highlighting Bellucci 's success in the World Piano Masters Competition in Montecarlo 1996 -- the last in a lengthy series of successes in international competitions ( from the ` Queen Elisabeth ' in Brussels to the ` Prague Spring ' , from the RAI ` Casella ' to the ` C. Kahn ' in Paris , from the ` Busoni ' to the ` Franz Liszt ' ) .  In 2005 , he received the award `` Recital of the year '' after his first concert tour in Australia .   All his CDs , published by Decca , WARNER CLASSICS , ACCORD-UNIVERSAL , OPUS 106 , ASSAI , and DANACORD , have been awarded by specialist publications : `` Choc de l'année '' by the Classical magazine Répertoire and `` Choc '' of Le Monde de la Musique in France , UK Gramophone 's `` Editor 's choice '' , `` 5 Stars '' from Musica , `` 5 stars '' from the BBC Music Magazine , `` Cd exceptionnel '' from Répertoire , `` ffff '' from Télérama , `` Best Cd '' from the magazine Suono , etc. .   The recording company Universal has published the complete Hungarian Rhapsodies S244 by Franz Liszt ( with a double CD including a rare work , such as the Romanian Rhapsody S242 ) and the CD Chopin Métamorphoses , where Giovanni Bellucci played some works as world premiere , like the Concerto No. 1 by Chopin/Tausig and the Polonaise op. 53 `` Heroic '' by Chopin/Busoni . The Concerto op 39 for piano and orchestra by Ferruccio Busoni , recorded by the Italian pianist with the orchestra and choir of the Mannheim National Theater , will soon be published .