query: Supernatural's 12th season began in October of 2016.

pos: Supernatural (U.S. TV series) Supernatural is an American fantasy horror television series created by Eric Kripke . It was first broadcast on September 13 , 2005 , on The WB , and subsequently became part of successor The CW 's lineup . Starring Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester , the series follows the two brothers as they hunt demons , ghosts , monsters , and other supernatural beings . The series is produced by Warner Bros. . Television , in association with Wonderland Sound and Vision . Along with Kripke , executive producers have been McG , Robert Singer , Phil Sgriccia , Sera Gamble , Jeremy Carver , John Shiban , Ben Edlund and Adam Glass . Former executive producer and director Kim Manners died of lung cancer during production of the fourth season .   The series is filmed in Vancouver , British Columbia and surrounding areas and was in development for nearly ten years , as creator Kripke spent several years unsuccessfully pitching it . The pilot was viewed by an estimated 5.69 million viewers , and the ratings of the first four episodes prompted The WB to pick up the series for a full season . Originally , Kripke planned the series for three seasons but later expanded it to five . The fifth season concluded the series ' main storyline , and Kripke departed the series as showrunner . The series has continued on for several more seasons with new showrunners , including Sera Gamble , Jeremy Carver , Robert Singer and Andrew Dabb . With its eleventh season , Supernatural became the longest-running American fantasy series . The series was renewed for a twelfth season , which aired from October 13 , 2016 , to May 18 , 2017 . On January 8 , 2017 , The CW renewed the show for a thirteenth season .

neg: Cold Blooded (Grimm) `` Cold Blooded '' is the 7th episode of the supernatural drama television series Grimm of season 3 and the 51st overall , which premiered on December 13 , 2013 , on the cable network NBC . The episode was written by Thomas Ian Griffith , and was directed by Terrence O'Hara . The episode aired alongside the next episode , Twelve Days of Krampus .

neg: The Vampire Diaries The Vampire Diaries is an American supernatural drama television series developed by Kevin Williamson and Julie Plec , based on the popular book series of the same name written by L. J. Smith . The series premiered on The CW on September 10 , 2009 and concluded on March 10 , 2017 , airing 171 episodes over eight seasons .   The pilot episode attracted the largest audience for The CW of any series premiere since the network began in 2006 . The first season averaged 3.60 million viewers . It was the most-watched series on the network before being supplanted by Arrow . The show has received numerous award nominations , winning four People 's Choice Award and many Teen Choice Awards .   On April 26 , 2013 , The CW officially announced that the spin-off The Originals , which focuses on the Original family of vampires , had been ordered to series , and the show began airing during the 2013 -- 14 American television season .   On April 6 , 2015 , lead actress Nina Dobrev confirmed via Instagram that she and co-star Michael Trevino ( who plays Tyler Lockwood ) would be leaving the show after its sixth season . Dobrev returned to record a voiceover for the seventh-season finale . Trevino appeared as a guest star in season seven and returned for season 8 . On March 11 , 2016 , The CW renewed the series for an eighth season , but on July 23 , 2016 , announced that the eighth season , which would have 16 episodes , would be the show 's last . The final season began airing on October 21 , 2016 .

neg: Eve of Destruction (Grimm) `` Eve of Destruction '' is the 7th episode and midseason premiere of season 5 of the supernatural drama television series Grimm and the 95th episode overall , which premiered on January 29 , 2016 , on the cable network NBC . The episode was written by Thomas Ian Griffith and was directed by John Behring . In the episode , Nick demands to know about Juliette 's return and seeks Trubel and Meisner 's help in it while also going after the previous case that involves Monroe and Rosalee .   The episode received positive reviews from critics , who praised the writing and the tone .

neg: List of Scream episodes Scream is an American slasher horror television series developed by Jill Blotevogel , Dan Dworkin and Jay Beattie for MTV and is based on the slasher film series of the same name created by Kevin Williamson . The series premiered of June 30 , 2015 , following the airing of the second episode of the fifth season of Teen Wolf , to mixed reviews from critics , though it has slowly earned a strong fan base throughout its run .   As of October 18 , 2016 , 24 episodes of Scream have aired , concluding the second season . Following the airing of the second season finale , it was announced that a two-hour Halloween special would air on October 18 , 2016 . On October 14 , 2016 , MTV renewed the series for a third season to consist of 6 episodes , which will premiere in 2017 .

neg: Mad TV (season 12) The twelfth season of Mad TV , an American sketch comedy series , originally aired in the United States on the Fox Network between September 16 , 2006 , and May 19 , 2007 .

neg: Bad Luck (Grimm) `` Bad Luck '' is the 14th episode of season 4 of the supernatural drama television series Grimm and the 80th episode overall , which premiered on March 20 , 2015 , on the cable network NBC . The episode was written by Thomas Ian Griffith and was directed by Terrence O'Hara .

neg: The Grimm Who Stole Christmas `` The Grimm Who Stole Christmas '' is the 7th episode of season 4 of the supernatural drama television series Grimm and the 73rd episode overall , which premiered on December 5 , 2014 , on the cable network NBC . The episode was written by Dan E. Fesman and was directed by John Gray .

neg: Endangered (Grimm) `` Endangered '' is the 19th episode of season 2 of the supernatural drama television series Grimm and the 41st episode overall , which premiered on April 30 , 2013 , on NBC . The episode was written by Spiro Skentzos , and was directed by David Straiton . The episode and the rest of the episodes of the season were broadcast on Tuesday nights .

neg: Headache (Grimm) `` Headache '' is the 21st episode of season 4 of the supernatural drama television series Grimm and the 87th episode overall , which premiered on May 8 , 2015 , on the cable network NBC . The episode was written by series creators David Greenwalt and Jim Kouf and was directed by Kouf , making his directional debut in the series .

neg: The Good Place The Good Place is an American fantasy comedy television series created by Mike Schur . It premiered on September 19 , 2016 on NBC .   The series focuses on Eleanor Shellstrop ( Kristen Bell ) , a recently deceased young woman who wakes up in the afterlife and is sent by Michael ( Ted Danson ) to `` The Good Place '' , a heaven-like utopia he designed , in reward for her righteous life . However , she quickly realizes that she was sent there by mistake , and must hide her morally imperfect behavioral past and present . William Jackson Harper , Jameela Jamil , and Manny Jacinto co-star as other residents of the Good Place , together with D'Arcy Carden as an artificial being helping the inhabitants .   The Good Place has received critical acclaim since its premiere , with many praising its performances , writing , originality , setting , and tone . On January 30 , 2017 , NBC renewed the series for a second season of 13 episodes .

neg: Thanks for the Memories (Grimm) `` Thanks for the Memories '' is the 1st episode and season premiere of season 4 of the supernatural drama television series Grimm and the 67th episode overall , which premiered on October 24 , 2014 , on the cable network NBC . The episode was written by series creators David Greenwalt and Jim Kouf and was directed by Norberto Barba .

neg: The 100 (TV series) The 100 ( pronounced The Hundred ) is an American post-apocalyptic science fiction drama television series that premiered on March 19 , 2014 , on The CW . The series , developed by Jason Rothenberg , is loosely based on a 2013 book of the same name , the first in a series by Kass Morgan .   The series follows a group of teens : Clarke Griffin ( Eliza Taylor ) , Bellamy Blake ( Bob Morley ) , Octavia Blake ( Marie Avgeropoulos ) , Jasper Jordan ( Devon Bostick ) , Monty Green ( Christopher Larkin ) , Raven Reyes ( Lindsey Morgan ) , Finn Collins ( Thomas McDonell ) , John Murphy ( Richard Harmon ) , and Wells Jaha ( Eli Goree ) as they are among the first people from a space habitat , `` The Ark '' , to return to Earth after a devastating nuclear apocalypse ; the series also focuses on Dr. Abby Griffin ( Paige Turco ) , Clarke 's mother ; Marcus Kane ( Henry Ian Cusick ) , a council member on the Ark ; and Thelonious Jaha ( Isaiah Washington ) , the Chancellor of the Ark and Wells ' father .   In March 2016 , The 100 was renewed for a fourth season of 13 episodes , which premiered on February 1 , 2017 . In March 2017 , The CW renewed the series for a fifth season .

neg: Shadowhunters Shadowhunters ( also known as Shadowhunters : The Mortal Instruments ) is an American fantasy television series that is loosely based on The Mortal Instruments by Cassandra Clare , and developed for television by Ed Decter . It is the second adaptation of the novel series , after the 2013 film The Mortal Instruments : City of Bones , which like Shadowhunters was produced by Constantin Film .   The show received a straight-to-series order on March 30 , 2015 , and premiered on January 12 , 2016 on Freeform . In March 2016 , it was announced that the series had been renewed for a second season of 20 episodes , which premiered on January 2 , 2017 . In April 2017 , it was announced that the series had been renewed for a third season of 20 episodes .

neg: This Life (2015 TV series) This Life is a Canadian television drama series . It premiered on October 5 , 2015 on CBC . The series is based on the French Canadian series Nouvelle adresse , created by Richard Blaimert . On March 31 , 2016 the CBC confirmed the series had been renewed for a second season , to premiere in Fall 2016 . The show was cancelled on January 24 , 2017 .

neg: Wynonna Earp (TV series) Wynonna Earp is a Canadian-American supernatural Western horror television series . Developed by Emily Andras , it is based on the comic book series by Beau Smith . Melanie Scrofano plays the series ' titular character .   Wynonna Earp premiered in the United States on Syfy on April 1 , 2016 , at 10 p.m. ET , and in Canada on CHCH-DT on April 4 , 2016 , at 9 p.m. ET .   On July 23 , 2016 , the renewal for a second season was announced at the Wynonna Earp panel at San Diego Comic-Con . Originally slated for ten episodes , the season was increased to 12 episodes in October 2016 .   In Canada , Wynonna Earp moved from CHCH-DT to Space effective April 15 , 2017 . In anticipation of the premiere of Season 2 , Space began airing Season 1 on the same date with a special double-episode series debut .   Season 2 will premiere simultaneously on Syfy and Space at 10 p.m. ET on June 9 , 2017 .

neg: My Ghost Story My Ghost Story is an American television series on the paranormal , which premiered on July 17 , 2010 on the Biography Channel . The series features ghost stories told from a person 's own supposed experience with the supernatural . Each episode features claims of encounters at reportedly haunted locations all over the United States , as well as a few locations in other countries . A spin-off series My Ghost Story Asia premiered on the Biography Channel ( Asia ) on 16 August 2012 featuring stories from Singapore and Malaysia . The fifth season started on October 5 , 2012 on Fridays at 9/8 Central .  The sixth season which began on August 12 , 2013 aired on the Biography Channel , the original broadcast channel , but halfway through the season the broadcast channel was changed to the Lifetime Movie Network ( LMN ) .

neg: Buffy the Vampire Slayer (season 1) The first season of the television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer premiered on March 10 , 1997 as a mid-season replacement on The WB and concluded its 12-episode season on June 2 , 1997 . The first season aired on Mondays at 9:00 pm ET .

neg: Quill (Grimm) `` Quill '' is the 4th episode of the supernatural drama television series Grimm of season 2 and the 26th overall , which premiered on September 3 , 2012 , on NBC . The episode was written by David Simkins , and was directed by David Straiton .

neg: The Walking Dead (season 7) The seventh season of The Walking Dead , an American post-apocalyptic horror television series on AMC , premiered on October 23 , 2016 , and concluded on April 2 , 2017 , consisting of 16 episodes . Developed for television by Frank Darabont , the series is based on the eponymous series of comic books by Robert Kirkman , Tony Moore , and Charlie Adlard . The executive producers are Kirkman , David Alpert , Scott M. Gimple , Greg Nicotero , Tom Luse , and Gale Anne Hurd , with Gimple as showrunner for the fourth consecutive season . The seventh season received generally positive reviews by critics . It is currently nominated for multiple awards , including Best Horror Television Series , at the 43rd Saturn Awards .   This season adapts material from issues # 100 -- 114 of the comic book series and introduces notable comic characters Ezekiel ( Khary Payton ) and his pet Bengal tiger , Shiva , including more survivor communities : the Kingdom , the Sanctuary , Oceanside , and the Scavengers . Immediately continuing the events of last season 's cliffhanger , the season continues the story of Rick Grimes ( Andrew Lincoln ) and his group of survivors , who now find themselves brutally overpowered and kneeling helplessly before Negan ( Jeffrey Dean Morgan ) and the Saviors , as they experience a daunting and life-changing confrontation . What Negan does will haunt and change the lives of those who survive forever .   The first half of the season focuses on the group , after suffering a heavy loss , gradually coming to terms under the rule of Negan and their struggle to obey his orders . The second half of the season focuses on the group building an army with like-minded communities to prepare for all-out war against the Saviors .

neg: Sympathy for the Devil (Supernatural) `` Sympathy for the Devil '' is the first episode of the fifth season of paranormal drama television series Supernatural and the 83rd overall . The episode was written by showrunner and series creator Eric Kripke and directed by executive producer Robert Singer . It was first broadcast on September 10 , 2009 on The CW . In the episode , Sam and Dean watch the aftermath of Lucifer being freed from the Cage while the Angels plan a new strategy to stop the Apocalypse .


query: Rescue Me ended on July 7, 2011.

pos: Rescue Me (U.S. TV series) Rescue Me is an American comedy-drama television series that premiered on the FX on July 21 , 2004 and concluded on September 7 , 2011 . The series focuses on the professional and personal lives of a group of New York City firefighters , post 9/11 .   The protagonist and focal point of the series is veteran New York City Firefighter Tommy Gavin ( Denis Leary ) . The series follows Tommy 's troubled family and co-workers as they deal with real life issues , either with post 9/11 trauma or their own domestic problems . Tommy struggles with the loss of his cousin and best friend , Firefighter Jimmy Keefe ( James McCaffrey ) , as well as fifty-nine other firefighters whom he knew , who died in the World Trade Center on September 11 , 2001 . Jimmy frequently visits Tommy in ghostly dreams . Tommy is an impatient , self-loathing , hypocritical , manipulative , relapsed alcoholic who suffers with severe survivor guilt and posttraumatic stress disorder as a result of 9/11 . In the pilot episode , Tommy and his wife Janet ( Andrea Roth ) have already separated , although they are technically still married , and Tommy has moved across the street . Although he has a poor grasp on his personal life , most of Tommy 's actions as a firefighter are heroic and brave , but despite his passion and concern for others ( and for the job ) , he is viewed by his various family members and his fellow firefighters as selfish .   Rescue Me was created by Denis Leary and Peter Tolan , who also serve as executive producers and head writers , and is produced by Cloudland Company , Apostle , DreamWorks Television , and Sony Pictures Television .

neg: 2011 in American television This is a list of significant events involving American television in 2011 . Events listed include television show debuts , finales , cancellations , and channel launches , closures and re-branding , as well as information about controversies and carriage disputes .

neg: List of Awake episodes Awake is an American television police procedural fantasy drama , created by writer and executive producer Kyle Killen . The drama centers on Michael Britten ( Jason Isaacs ) , a detective living in two separate realities after a car accident . In one reality , in which he wears a green wrist band , his wife Hannah Britten ( Laura Allen ) was killed in the crash , and in another reality , in which he wears a red wrist band , his son Rex Britten ( Dylan Minnette ) was the one killed . Michael does not know which reality is real . He sees two separate therapists : Dr. Jonathan Lee ( BD Wong ) in the `` red reality '' , and Dr. Judith Evans ( Cherry Jones ) in the `` green reality '' .   The series was conceived by Killen after creating and developing Lone Star for the Fox network . NBC encouraged Killen to conceive a concept for a future television series . Although inspired by the processes of dreaming , the script was cited as potentially being too complex for mainstream American television . The first episode of Awake was released on Hulu on February 16 , officially premiering in the United States on NBC on March 1 , 2012 . On May 11 , NBC canceled the series and aired the final episode on May 24 , 2012 .   Awake averaged 4.8 million viewers per episode and ranked 125th in viewership for the 2011 -- 12 television season . Despite its relatively short life span , the series had large support by fans who teamed up to create the `` Save Awake '' campaign . It was well received by television critics based on its storylines . `` Say Hello to My Little Friend '' was generally considered the best episode of the series since the pilot by commentators . Various cast members have also been praised by critics , particularly Isaacs ' performance as Michael .

neg: List of Rescue Me episodes The following is a list of episodes from the FX Network series Rescue Me . Broadcast from 2004 to 2011 , the series aired 93 episodes over seven seasons , plus 11 additional mini-episodes .

neg: Please Don't Tell Me How the Story Ends `` Please Do n't Tell Me How the Story Ends '' is a song written by Kris Kristofferson , and recorded by American country music artist Ronnie Milsap . It was released in 1974 as the second single from the album Pure Love . The song was his fourth country hit and second number one on the country chart . The single stayed at number one for two weeks and spent a total of nine weeks on the country chart . Kristofferson recorded the song with Rita Coolidge for their final duet album , Natural Act , and later with Mark Knopfler for The Austin Sessions . The song has been recorded by many artists including Bobby Bare , Sammy Davis , Jr. , Joan Osborne , Dee Reilly and Willie Nelson .   Milsap himself recorded an earlier version of the song , released on his 1971 self-titled album , while recording for Warner Bros. . Records .

neg: Packed to the Rafters (season 4) The fourth season of Packed to the Rafters '' , an Australian drama television series , began on 8 February 2011 on the Seven Network . The season concluded on 20 March 2012 after 22 episodes .   Season four traces the family 's fortunes as they attempt to rebuild their lives in the aftermath of Melissa 's death . Strong family bonds ensure that traumatised Ben receives warm support as he takes his first steps back into the work-force . Slowly he learns to smile again , embracing a newfound interest in gardening and a growing friendship with his boss 's daughter Emma , which might hold the promise of something more . There are further love issues in the Karandonis household , with Carbo and Retta choosing to elope rather than face the comic extravagance of a Karandonis wedding . Julie and Dave , meanwhile , are forced to deal with the consequences for Rachel and Jake of a dangerous accusation flung at him by a drunken woman on a rugby weekend away . Rachel 's feelings for Jake are tested to the limit , especially when her boss throws into the confusing mix the chance of a lifetime to work in New York . The Rafters also wrestle with the unexpected arrival of new family members , not the least being the release from prison of Dave 's father , Tom . Tom 's never quite predictable manipulations ultimately force Dave to take a heart-breaking stand , and cause him to initially misjudge the intentions of his half-brother , Matt . Julie meanwhile finds a new best friend in Donna , though their initial exchanges are hilariously unpromising . Meanwhile , Nathan is searching for new direction in his life and his desire to travel forces Julie and Dave to undertake some soul-searching of their own . Ted is also keen to find a greater purpose , mentoring a troubled twelve-year-old boy .

neg: Let's Dance 2011 Let 's Dance 2011 is the sixth season of the Swedish version of Strictly Come Dancing , and was broadcast on the Swedish television channel TV4 starting on January 7 , 2011 .

neg: Good for Me (album) Good for Me '' is the third full-length album by Flint , Michigan 's The Swellers , and second through label Fueled by Ramen . On April 22nd , 2011 it was announced on the Alternative Press website that the album would be released on June 14th , 2011 . Along with the announcement came the release of the album 's track listing , album art , and a stream of the album 's first single `` The Best I Ever Had '' . Fueled by Ramen 's webstore started pre-orders of the album that same day . The band sent handmade drawings with every preorder to promote the album .

neg: Save Me (Baboon song) `` Save Me '' is a 7 '' single by Baboon that was released in 1993 on Direct Hit Records .   The song `` Save Me '' also appears on the band 's live album , 2001 's A Bum Note and a Bead of Sweat . `` California Dreaming '' also appears on A Bum Note and a Bead of Sweat , as well as on the band 's first album , 1994 's Face Down in Turpentine .   The B-sides on the record are in reverse order from how they are listed on the cover .

neg: Emergency! Not to be confused with Emergency , a TV program aired on GMA Network in the Philippines .   Emergency ! is an American television series that combines the medical drama and action-adventure genres . It was a joint production of Mark VII Limited and Universal Television . It debuted on NBC as a midseason replacement on January 15 , 1972 , replacing the two short-lived series The Partners and The Good Life , and ran until May 28 , 1977 , with six additional two-hour television films during the next two years .   Emergency ! was created and produced by Jack Webb and Robert A. Cinader , who were also responsible for the police dramas Adam-12 and Dragnet . Harold Jack Bloom is also credited as a creator ; Webb does not receive screen credit as a creator . In the show 's original TV-movie pilot , Webb was credited only as its director .   The series stars Randolph Mantooth and Kevin Tighe as two specially trained firefighters , who formed Squad 51 , part of the then innovative field of paramedics , who were authorized to provide initial emergency medical care to victims of accidents , fires , and other incidents in the field in order to stabilize them for transport to medical facilities . The plot of the initial pilot film described the passing of state legislation , eventually signed by then State Governor Ronald Reagan , and was called `` The Wedsworth-Townsend Act . '' It authorized paramedic units to operate in the field without conventional medical personnel on site , albeit in radio contact with an assigned hospital . Squad 51 worked in concert with the fictional Rampart General Hospital medical staff ( portrayed by Robert Fuller , Julie London , and Bobby Troup ) , who took over each patient 's case from the paramedics who worked in the field .   Nearly 30 years after Emergency ! debuted , the Smithsonian Institution accepted Emergency ! memorabilia into its National Museum of American History 's public-service section , including the firefighters ' helmets , turnouts , biophone , and defibrillator . The vehicles of Station 51 are a part of the collection of the Los Angeles County Fire Museum .

neg: Help Is on the Way `` Help Is on the Way '' is a song by American rock band Rise Against , featured on their sixth studio album Endgame ( 2011 ) . Inspired by lead vocalist Tim McIlrath 's visit to New Orleans , the song is about the slow response time for aid to disaster stricken areas . It incorporates elements of punk rock and melodic hardcore , with lyrics that allude to Hurricane Katrina and the Deepwater Horizon oil spill . `` Help Is on the Way '' premiered on KROQ-FM on January 17 , 2011 , and was later released as Endgames lead single on January 25 .   `` Help Is on the Way '' polarized critics , with some praising its lyrics and song structure , while others criticized it for being bland and repetitive . Despite the mixed reception , it remains one of the band 's highest charting singles to date . It peaked at eighty-nine on the Billboard Hot 100 , and reached number two on the Hot Rock Songs chart . The accompanying music video depicts an African-American family , as they attempt to escape increasing floodwater levels that engulf their neighborhood .

neg: Save Your Heart for Me `` Save Your Heart for Me '' is a song written by Gary Geld and Peter Udell . The song was originally written for and recorded by singer Brian Hyland in 1963 . Although not released as a single in its own right , it was included as the B-side to Hyland 's song , `` I 'm Afraid to Go Home , '' and later appeared on Hyland 's 1994 greatest hits album .   `` Save Your Heart for Me '' is most well known by a version recorded in 1965 by American pop group Gary Lewis & the Playboys and appears on the group 's 1965 album A Session with Gary Lewis and the Playboys . Lewis and his band released their version as a single in June 1965 , and it peaked at number two on the Billboard Hot 100 chart the week of August 21 , 1965 . It was kept from the top of the chart by Sonny and Cher 's hit , `` I Got You Babe . '' However , it went to number one on the Billboard easy listening chart for three weeks in August 1965 . The song was covered by Livingston Taylor in 1993 on his album `` Good Friends . ''   Lewis credited the success of the record to both producer Snuff Garrett and to the short length of the song . Since it was less than two minutes duration , Lewis has stated that '' ( I ) t was played everywhere . Deejays loved it . ''

neg: 2011 Emmy Awards 2011 Emmy Awards may refer to :   63rd Primetime Emmy Awards , the 2011 Emmy Awards ceremony that honored primetime programming during June 2010 -- May 2011  38th Daytime Emmy Awards , the 2011 Emmy Awards ceremony that honored daytime programming during 2010  32nd Sports Emmy Awards , the 2011 Emmy Awards ceremony that honored sports programming during 2010

neg: Lead Me On (Amy Grant album) Lead Me On is the seventh studio album , and eleventh overall album by Christian music singer-songwriter Amy Grant , released in 1988 through A&M Recordings .   Lead Me On was a departure from its predecessor , the high-energy pop album Unguarded . Unlike Unguarded or 1991 's Heart in Motion , Lead Me On was not mainstream compatible . Only three of its songs earned mainstream airplay , all of them insignificantly ( the title song charted for two weeks on the Billboard Hot 100 , reaching No. 96 , and `` Saved by Love '' and `` 1974 ( We Were Young ) '' made the Adult Contemporary chart in minor positions ) . Christian music , however , praised the album . It would later be named the No. 1 Christian album of all time by CCM Magazine , in the 2001 book CCM Presents : The 100 Greatest Albums in Christian Music . The title song was featured in WOW # 1s : 31 of the Greatest Christian Music Hits Ever .

neg: America's Most Wanted America 's Most Wanted is an American television program that was produced by 20th Television . At the time of its cancellation by the Fox television network , it was the longest-running program in the network 's history ( 24 years ) , a mark since surpassed by the long-running animated sitcom , The Simpsons . The show started off as a half-hour program on February 7 , 1988 . In 1990 , the show 's format was changed from 30 minutes to 60 minutes . The show 's format was reverted back to 30 minutes in 1995 , and then , to 60 minutes in 1996 .   The following September , the show 's host , John Walsh , announced that it would resume later that year on the cable network Lifetime . After a brief run on Lifetime , however , on March 28 , 2013 the show was canceled again . This was reportedly due to low ratings and the level of royalty payments to Fox which holds the trademark and copyright . It was succeeded by John Walsh Investigates , a one-off special on Lifetime .   The show featured actors portraying the crimes of dangerous fugitives , interspersed with on-camera interviews , and was narrated by Walsh himself . There was a toll-free hotline number where viewers could give information at 1-800-CRIME-TV . On May 2 , 2008 , the program 's website announced its 1,000 th capture ; as of March 30 , 2013 , 1,202 people have been captured because of AMW . Many of the series ' cases have some connection outside the United States or have not taken place in the United States at all . The series ' first international capture was in Nova Scotia in 1989 . With Walsh at the helm , America 's Most Wanted began to broaden its scope . In addition to the regular segments narrated by Walsh , the show began to make room for more segments and correspondents .   The first two-hour quarterly special aired on Saturday , October 29 , 2011 on FOX . The second two-hour special aired on Saturday , December 17 , 2011 , the third two-hour special aired on Saturday , February 11 , 2012 , and the fourth and final two-hour special aired on Saturday , April 21 , 2012 .   On July 13 , 2014 , a successor premiered on CNN called The Hunt with John Walsh , which adds more international stories to its predecessor .

neg: If You Leave Me Now `` If You Leave Me Now '' is the title of a popular hit ballad by the American rock group Chicago , from their album Chicago X . It was written and sung by bass guitar player Peter Cetera and released as a single on July 31 , 1976 .   It is also the title of a compilation album released by Columbia Records ( Columbia 38590 ) in 1983 .   The single topped the US charts on October 23 , 1976 , and stayed there for two weeks , making it the first number one hit for the group as well as hitting number one on the Easy Listening charts . It also reached number one in the UK on November 13 , 1976 , maintaining the position for three weeks .   `` If You Leave Me Now '' was also Chicago 's biggest hit worldwide , topping the charts in other countries such as Australia . It won Grammy Awards for Best Arrangement Accompanying Vocalist ( s ) ( strings ) for arranger Jimmie Haskell and producer James William Guercio and Best Pop Vocal Performance by a Duo , Group or Chorus . It also received a nomination for Record of the Year . In addition , by August 1978 it had sold 1.4 million copies in the United States alone . It has been certified gold and platinum by the RIAA .   The song has been featured in several television series and movies such as Three Kings , Shaun of the Dead , A Lot Like Love , Sex and the City , Happy Feet , South Park , and the video game Grand Theft Auto V.   In 2010 Chicago teamed with the American Cancer Society and offered the opportunity to bid on the chance to sing their hit , `` If You Leave Me Now '' with them on stage live at their concerts , with proceeds going to the American Cancer Society to fight breast cancer . The fund raising effort has continued in succeeding years .

neg: Calle 7 (season 11) The eleventh season of Calle 7 began on November 5 , 2012 , new contestants were introduced as some former participants left the show .

neg: The Remedy (Jagged Edge album) The Remedy is the seventh studio album by American R&B group Jagged Edge . It was released on June 21 , 2011 . The new project boasts a mix of the old and new ; Jagged Edge 's sexy R&B sound and contemporary beats by producers such as Casey Boyz ( Brandon & Brian Casey ) , Cool & Dre , Cainon Lamb , Mad Skrews , Adam Ledgister , Bigg D and Jim Jonsin . The album debuted at number 35 on the Billboard 200 with 12,400 copies sold in the first week .

neg: Me Me Me (band) Me Me Me were a short-lived English Britpop supergroup formed in 1996 , consisting of Alex James of Blur ( vocals , bass ) , Stephen Duffy ( vocals , guitar ) previously of Duran Duran/The Lilac Time and Justin Welch of Elastica ( drums ) , and James ' friend Charlie Bloor ( credited as `` musician '' ) . The band 's first , and only single , `` Hanging Around '' was released on 5 August 1996 and reached Number 19 on the UK Singles Chart .   `` Hanging Around '' was released on 7-inch single ( DUFF005 ) and cassette ( DUFF005C ) , also featuring `` Hollywood Wives '' , and on CD-single with a third track , `` Tabitha 's Island '' ( DUFF005CD ) . There were also promotional versions released in July 1996 on 12-inch single ( DOLE041 ) and CD-single ( DOLE044 ) . The tracks were originally recorded as a soundtrack for Damien Hirst 's film Hanging Around , first shown at the Spellbound Exhibition , which took place at London 's Hayward Gallery in March 1996 .   The lead track was produced by the band . The other tracks were produced by Stephen Street .

neg: Miners' survival during 2010 Copiapó mining accident The 2010 Copiapó mining accident began as a cave-in on 5 August 2010 at the San José copper-gold mine in the Atacama Desert near Copiapó , Chile . The accident left 33 men trapped 700 m below ground who survived underground for a record 69 days . All 33 men were rescued and brought to the surface on 13 October 2010 over a period of almost 24 hours . After the last trapped miner was winched to the surface , the rescue workers still underground held up a sign before the camera stating `` Misión cumplida Chile '' ( English : `` Mission accomplished Chile '' ) to the estimated more than 1 billion people watching the rescue on live television around the world .   The San José Mine is about 45 km north of Copiapó , in northern Chile . The miners were trapped approximately 5 km from the mine entrance . The mine had a history of instability that had led to previous accidents , including one death .   The retrieval of the first miner , Florencio Ávalos , began on Tuesday , 12 October at 23:55 CLDT , with the rescue capsule reaching the surface 16 minutes later . Less than 24 hours later , at 21:55 CLDT on 13 October , all 33 miners had been rescued , almost all in good medical condition , and expected to recover fully . Two miners were suffering from silicosis , one of whom also had pneumonia , and others were suffering from dental infections and corneal problems . Three of the rescued miners had immediate surgery under general anesthesia for dental problems .

neg: All That Is Within Me All That Is Within Me is the fifth studio album by American Christian rock band MercyMe . Produced by Brown Bannister , it was released on November 20 , 2007 through INO Records . The album , intended by the band to be a worship album split between covers and original songs , was recorded following the band 's tour with Audio Adrenaline in promotion of their previous studio album Coming Up to Breathe ( 2006 ) . Although the band intended to write material for a new album during the tour , they had only written one song by the time they entered their recording studio , Cider Mountain Studio in Athol , Idaho . The band wrote so many songs at the studio that they decided not to include any cover songs ; all of the songs on the album but were written or co-written by the band . The album was described as being a rock and worship album , being aimed directly at a Christian audience .   All That Is Within Me received mostly positive reviews from critics , some of which considered it MercyMe 's best record to that point . However , some critics felt the album was too similar to the band 's previous works . The album sold 84,000 copies in its first week , debuting at number one on the Billboard Christian Albums chart and number 15 on the Billboard 200 . Three singles were released to radio : `` God with Us '' , which spent eight weeks at number one on the Billboard Christian Songs chart , `` You Reign '' , which peaked at number two on the Christian Songs chart and spent four weeks atop the Billboard Christian AC Songs chart , and `` Finally Home '' , which peaked at number three on the Christian Songs chart and number 16 on the Billboard Adult Contemporary chart . All That Is Within Me has been certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , signifying shipments of over 500,000 copies .


query: Kmart has stores incapable of being in operation in the U.S Virgin Islands.

pos: Kmart Kmart Corporation ( sometimes stylized as K-Mart ) is a chain of big box department stores headquartered in Hoffman Estates , Illinois , United States . The chain purchased Sears for $ 11 billion in 2005 , forming a new corporation under the name Sears Holdings Corporation . The Kmart name was incorporated in 1916 while the first store did n't open its doors until 1962 . At its peak in 2000 , Kmart operated 2,171 stores including 105 `` Super Center '' locations . For the 2005 fiscal year under the new company , the Kmart store count was at 1,416 with only 55 `` Super Center '' locations . Currently , the chain is operating 734 stores with only 1 `` Super Center '' location remaining ( Store # 4939 in Warren , OH ) . This number will decrease further due to the previously announced closings that will take place in Q1 2017 .   It operates stores in 49 states , Puerto Rico , the U.S. Virgin Islands , and Guam ( which houses the world 's largest Kmart ) . It also used to operate stores in Canada , Mexico , and Eastern Europe .   Kmart became known for its `` Blue Light Specials '' : they occurred at surprise moments when a store worker would light up a mobile police light and offer a discount in a specific department of the store , while announcing the discounted special over the store 's public address system . At the height of Kmart 's popularity , the phrase `` Attention Kmart shoppers ! '' entered into the American pop psyche , appearing in films and other media such as Troop Beverly Hills , Six Days Seven Nights , Rain Man , Beetlejuice , Madea Goes to Jail , and Dawn of the Dead .   Kmart 's world headquarters were located in Troy , Michigan , in Metro Detroit , but since the purchase of Sears , it has been relocated to Hoffman Estates , Illinois , a suburb of Chicago . Kmart also exists in Australia and New Zealand ( see Kmart Australia ) , although it now has no relation to the American stores except in name , after U.S. equity in the Australian business was purchased in the late 1970s .

neg: Mandal, U.S. Virgin Islands Mandal is a settlement on the island of St. Thomas in the United States Virgin Islands . It is located in the northeast of the island .   Category : Populated places in the United States Virgin Islands

neg: BVI Airways BVI Airways is an airline of the British Virgin Islands . Its headquarters are located at its hub at Terrance B. Lettsome International Airport serving the territory 's main island of Tortola with the capital , Road Town . It suspended inter-island operations in late 2014 , shortly after a change of ownership to concentrate on a non stop schedule directly to the US .

neg: Value City Value City was an American discount department store chain with 113 locations . It was founded in 1917 by Ephraim Schottenstein , a travelling salesman in central Ohio . The store was an off-price retailer that sold clothing , jewelry , and home goods below the manufacturer suggested retail price . The chain focused on buyout and closeout merchandise , and occasionally irregular apparel and factory seconds . The stores were branded Schottenstein 's in the Columbus , Ohio , market and Valley Fair in the Northern New Jersey market . The Schottenstein name was dropped in 2008 . Also , three stores in Metro Detroit were co-branded as Crowley 's Value City . From 1984 to 1995 , Schottenstein also owned Shifrin-Willens , a jewelry store .   The first store was located in Columbus , Ohio , at 1887 Parsons Avenue on the corner of Parsons Avenue and Reeb Avenue , and has been closed since 2006 . It was formerly affiliated with Value City Furniture , which has 130 stores and was founded in 1948 ( VCF is corporate sponsor of Value City Arena , home of the Ohio State University women and men 's basketball programs ) .   Retail Ventures originally sought to sell the Value City operation to focus on its more profitable brands . The chain announced its intention in 2007 to sell up to 24 stores to Burlington Coat Factory . However , on January 23 , 2008 , Retail Ventures announced it was selling an ownership stake in Value City to newly formed VCHI Acquisition Company . The company continued to close selected stores through 2008 while revamping and reorganizing the merchandise approach in those which were retained . On October 27 , 2008 , Value City announced that the chain was filing for bankruptcy and that all remaining stores would close . The sales were completed on December 23 , 2008 .

neg: Target Corporation Target Corporation is the second-largest discount store retailer in the United States , behind Walmart , and a component of the S&P 500 Index . Founded by George Dayton and headquartered in Minneapolis , Minnesota , the company was originally named Goodfellow Dry Goods in June 1902 before being renamed the Dayton 's Dry Goods Company in 1903 and later the Dayton Company in 1910 . The first Target store opened in Roseville , Minnesota in 1962 while the parent company was renamed the Dayton Corporation in 1967 . It became the Dayton-Hudson Corporation after merging with the J.L. Hudson Company in 1969 and held ownership of several department store chains including Dayton 's , Hudson 's , Marshall Field 's , and Mervyn 's .   Target established itself as the highest-earning division of the Dayton-Hudson Corporation in the 1970s ; it began expanding the store nationwide in the 1980s and introduced new store formats under the Target brand in the 1990s . The company has found success as a cheap-chic player in the industry . The parent company was renamed the Target Corporation in 2000 and divested itself of its last department store chains in 2004 . It suffered from a highly publicized security breach of customer data and the failure of its short-lived Canadian subsidiary in the early 2010s but experienced revitalized success with its expansion in urban markets within the United States .   As of 2017 , Target operates 1,806 stores throughout the United States . Their retail formats include the discount store Target , the hypermarket SuperTarget , and `` flexible format '' stores previously named CityTarget and TargetExpress before being consolidated under the Target branding . Target is often recognized for its emphasis on `` the needs of its younger , image-conscious shoppers , '' whereas its rival Walmart more heavily relies on its strategy of `` always low prices . ''

neg: Fish Bay, U.S. Virgin Islands Fish Bay is a bay and neighborhood on the island of Saint John in the United States Virgin Islands . Most of this area is part of Virgin Islands National Park .

neg: Two Brothers, U.S. Virgin Islands Two Brothers is a settlement on the island of Saint Croix in the United States Virgin Islands .

neg: Harris Teeter Harris Teeter Supermarkets , Inc. is an American supermarket chain based in Matthews , North Carolina , just outside Charlotte . , the chain operates 243 stores in seven states : North Carolina , South Carolina , Virginia , Georgia , Florida , Delaware , Maryland and the District of Columbia . Supermarket News ranked Harris Teeter No. 34 in the 2012 `` Top 75 Retailers & Wholesalers '' based on 2011 fiscal year sales of $ 4.3 billion . Based on 2005 revenue , Harris Teeter is the ninety-third largest retailer in the United States .   On July 9 , 2013 , Harris Teeter announced that it was being acquired by The Kroger Company . The merger closed on January 28 , 2014 , though Harris Teeter retained its name , brand and headquarters in Matthews .

neg: Limetree, U.S. Virgin Islands Limetree is a settlement on the island of Saint Croix in the United States Virgin Islands .

neg: Fredriksdal, U.S. Virgin Islands Fredriksdal is an area of Virgin Islands National Park on the island of Saint John in the United States Virgin Islands .

neg: Bugbyhole, U.S. Virgin Islands Bugbyhole is a settlement on the island of Saint Croix in the United States Virgin Islands .

neg: United States Ambassador to Saint Kitts and Nevis The United States Ambassador to Saint Kitts and Nevis ( or , prior to 3 August 1988 , to Saint Christopher and Nevis ) is the official representative of the government of the United States to the government of Saint Kitts and Nevis . The title of the ambassador is United States Ambassador to Barbados and the Eastern Caribbean and is concurrently the ambassador to Antigua and Barbuda , Barbados , Dominica , Grenada , St. Lucia , and St. Vincent and the Grenadines .   The United States established diplomatic relations with Saint Christopher and Nevis on 20 September 1983 , but no U.S. mission has ever been established at Basseterre . After 25 June 1988 , all relations were handled by the Embassy at St. John 's , Antigua and Barbuda . When that Embassy closed on 30 June 1994 , all diplomatic functions have been handled out of the U.S. Embassy at Bridgetown , Barbados , where the U.S. Ambassador to Saint Kitts and Nevis is resident .

neg: Concordia, Saint Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands Concordia , Saint Croix is a settlement on the island of Saint Croix in the United States Virgin Islands .

neg: Virgin Islands Americans Virgin Islands Americans are Americans from the U.S. Virgin Islands or British Virgin Islands who reside in the continental United States , or continental Americans of Virgin Islands heritage .   Persons born in the U.S. Virgin Islands are United States citizens , and as a result do not go through the legal immigration procedures a typical West Indies immigrant would . They are also , due to cultural affinities with the Anglophone Caribbean , U.S. Virgin Islanders in the U.S. are considered part of the Caribbean American immigrant community .   It is difficult to determine how many Virgin Islanders reside in the United States . According to the 2000 U.S. Census , there are 15,014 of U.S. Virgin Islands ancestry residing in the continental United States . However , a count of American residents with `` U.S. Virgin Islands ancestry '' excludes most U.S. Virgin Islands-born immigrants in the United States . Because of a high incidence of inter-Caribbean migration throughout the 1960s and 1970s , most native-born U.S. Virgin Islanders today are one or two generations removed from other Caribbean islands and would not necessarily define themselves as having `` U.S. Virgin Islands ancestry . '' For example , Tim Duncan is a St. Croix native with Anguillian ancestry .   The population of immigrants of British Virgin Islands origin in the United States is also difficult to determine , as they are not specifically counted in the U.S. Census , but grouped with other Caribbean British Overseas Territories as `` British West Indies . ''

neg: U.S. Virgin Islands Department of Human Services The U.S. Virgin Islands Department of Human Services is a department of the government of the U.S. Virgin Islands . It has its headquarters in the Knud Hansen Complex Building A in St. Thomas . It also has offices in Christiansted , St. Croix and St. John .   The department of Children , Youth , and Families operates juvenile justice services , including the Youth Rehabilitation Center ( YRC ) . The division provides juvenile justice services for pre-trial and adjudicated youth .

neg: Condom World Condom World is a chain of stores in Puerto Rico that is dedicated to the sales of condoms , oils , Adult movies and other types of sex related products .   Started in late 1992 , Condom World has caused some controversy around Puerto Rico . Many times that a new store in this chain has been opened , it has been met with protests by church and conservative groups .   Condom World defends itself against those groups by claiming that their aim is for people to have safe sex and a happier couple life .   The company advertises heavily on El Vocero newspaper .   Condom World offers movie rentals and sales including adult novelty toys and magazines , averaging two thousand square feet stores in key towns , they had about 26 stores by 2007 .   Category : Retail companies of Puerto Rico

neg: Distribution center A distribution center for a set of products is a warehouse or other specialized building , often with refrigeration or air conditioning , which is stocked with products ( goods ) to be redistributed to retailers , to wholesalers , or directly to consumers . A distribution center is a principal part , the order processing element , of the entire order fulfillment process . Distribution centers are usually thought of as being demand driven . A distribution center can also be called a warehouse , a DC , a fulfillment center , a cross-dock facility , a bulk break center , and a package handling center . The name by which the distribution center is known is commonly based on the purpose of the operation . For example , a `` retail distribution center '' normally distributes goods to retail stores , an `` order fulfillment center '' commonly distributes goods directly to consumers , and a cross-dock facility stores little or no product but distributes goods to other destinations .   Distribution centers are the foundation of a supply network , as they allow a single location to stock a vast number of products . Some organizations operate both retail distribution and direct-to-consumer out of a single facility , sharing space , equipment , labor resources , and inventory as applicable .   A typical retail distribution network operates with centers set up throughout a commercial market , with each center serving a number of stores . Large distribution centers for companies such as Wal-Mart serve 50 -- 125 stores . Suppliers ship truckloads of products to the distribution center , which stores the product until needed by the retail location and ships the proper quantity .   Since a large retailer might sell tens of thousands of products from thousands of vendors , it would be impossibly inefficient to ship each product directly from each vendor to each store . Many retailers own and run their own distribution networks , while smaller retailers may outsource this function to dedicated logistics firms that coordinate the distribution of products for a number of companies . A distribution center can be co-located at a logistics center .

neg: United States Virgin Islands status referendum, 1993 A status referendum was held in the United States Virgin Islands on 11 October 1993 . After the United States Congress modified the Revised Organic Act of the Virgin Islands to allow a vote on the status of the islands , a vote was scheduled for 1989 . It was delayed several times until 1993 , when voters were offered the options of integration into the United States , becoming a United States territory or independence .   Although 82 % voted in favour of territorial status , voter turnout was below the 50 % threshold and the result was invalidated .

neg: Nugent, U.S. Virgin Islands Nugent is a settlement on the island of Saint Croix in the United States Virgin Islands .

neg: SuperValu (United States) SuperValu , Inc. is an American retailing company . The corporation , headquartered in the Minneapolis suburb of Eden Prairie , Minnesota , has been in business for nearly a century . It is the fifth-largest food retailing company in the United States ( after Kroger and Albertsons ) , and ranks in the top 100 on the 2015 Fortune 500 list . Supermarket News ranked SuperValu # 1 in the 2008 `` Top Wholesalers for 2008 '' .   On June 2 , 2006 , Boise , Idaho-based Albertsons , Inc. and 1,124 of its stores were sold to SuperValu . The sale was approved by the shareholders of both SuperValu and Albertsons on May 30 , 2006 . In January 2013 , the company announced it was selling the Acme Markets , Shaw 's , and Jewel-Osco chains and their remaining Albertsons stores to Cerberus Capital Management for $ 100 million in cash with Cerberus assuming $ 3.2 billion in existing debt . SuperValu would keep its Cub , Farm Fresh , Shoppers Food & Pharmacy , Shop ` n Save and Hornbacher 's brands as well as its wholesale supply operation while the Acme , Shaw 's , Star Market , and Jewel-Osco stores were reunited with Albertsons . The deal closed March 21 , 2013 .

neg: WBIV-LP WBIV-LP is a low-power television station in St. Thomas , U.S. Virgin Islands transmitting over analog channel 38 . The station is owned by Virgin Islands Telecommunications Ventures , LLC .   The station was founded in 1992 , and its transmitter covered the entire island of St. Thomas and parts of St. John .   The station 's analog license was cancelled by the Federal Communications Commission on October 1 , 2012 . WBIV-LP will return to the air sometimes in 2016 .


query: England shares area.

pos: England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom . It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west . The Irish Sea lies northwest of England and the Celtic Sea lies to the southwest . England is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south . The country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain ( which lies in the North Atlantic ) in its centre and south ; and includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly , and the Isle of Wight .   The area now called England was first inhabited by modern humans during the Upper Palaeolithic period , but takes its name from the Angles , one of the Germanic tribes who settled during the 5th and 6th centuries . England became a unified state in the 10th century , and since the Age of Discovery , which began during the 15th century , has had a significant cultural and legal impact on the wider world . The English language , the Anglican Church , and English law -- the basis for the common law legal systems of many other countries around the world -- developed in England , and the country 's parliamentary system of government has been widely adopted by other nations . The Industrial Revolution began in 18th-century England , transforming its society into the world 's first industrialised nation .   England 's terrain mostly comprises low hills and plains , especially in central and southern England . However , there are uplands in the north ( for example , the mountainous Lake District , and the Pennines ) and in the southwest ( for example , Dartmoor and the Cotswolds ) . The capital is London , which is the largest metropolitan area in both the United Kingdom and the European Union.According to the European Statistical Agency , London is the largest Larger Urban Zone in the EU , a measure of metropolitan area which comprises a city 's urban core as well as its surrounding commuting zone . London 's municipal population is also the largest in the EU . England 's population of over 53 million comprises 84 % of the population of the United Kingdom , largely concentrated around London , the South East , and conurbations in the Midlands , the North West , the North East , and Yorkshire , which each developed as major industrial regions during the 19th century .   The Kingdom of England -- which after 1535 included Wales -- ceased being a separate sovereign state on 1 May 1707 , when the Acts of Union put into effect the terms agreed in the Treaty of Union the previous year , resulting in a political union with the Kingdom of Scotland to create the Kingdom of Great Britain . In 1801 , Great Britain was united with the Kingdom of Ireland through another Act of Union to become the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland . In 1922 the Irish Free State seceded from the United Kingdom , leading to the latter being renamed the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland .

neg: Pax Britannica Pax Britannica ( Latin for `` British Peace '' , modelled after Pax Romana ) was the period of relative peace in Europe ( 1815 -- 1914 ) during which the British Empire became the global hegemonic power and adopted the role of a global police force .   Between 1815 and 1914 , a period referred to as Britain 's `` imperial century , '' around 10,000,000 sqmi of territory and roughly 400 million people were added to the British Empire . Victory over Napoleonic France left the British without any serious international rival , other than perhaps Russia in central Asia . When Russia tried expanding its influence in the Balkans , the British and French defeated it in the Crimean War ( 1854 -- 56 ) , thereby protecting the by-then feeble Ottoman Empire .   Britain 's Royal Navy controlled most of the key maritime trade routes and enjoyed unchallenged sea power . Alongside the formal control it exerted over its own colonies , Britain 's dominant position in world trade meant that it effectively controlled access to many regions , such as Asia and Latin America . British merchants , shippers and bankers had such an overwhelming advantage over everyone else that in addition to its colonies it had an `` informal empire '' .

neg: Hampshire Downs The Hampshire Downs form a large area of downland in central , southern England , mainly in the county of Hampshire . They are part of a belt of chalk downland that extends from the South Downs in the southeast , north to the Berkshire and Marlborough Downs , and west to the Dorset Downs .   The downs have been designated a National Character Area ( NCA 130 ) by Natural England , the UK Government 's advisor on the natural environment . To the north lie the Thames Basin Heaths , to the east the Low Weald ( Western Weald ) , to the south the South Hampshire Lowlands and the South Downs , and , to the west , Salisbury Plain and the West Wiltshire Downs .   The northern boundary of the Hampshire Downs follows a line from just north of Walbury Hill in Berkshire to Basingstoke and Farnham . This northern edge of the Hampshire Downs forms a ridge and dramatic escarpment rising to over 290 metres , overlooking the Thames Basin . In the east the boundary runs from Farnham to Alton then swings southwards to Petersfield , forming an escarpment at the western edge of the Weald , including an area known as the East Hampshire Hangers . In the south the boundary runs westwards to Winchester , south to Twyford and Otterbourne , then west-northwest to Michelmersh ; and in the east from Michelmersh through the Wallops to Ludgershall , Marten and back to Walbury Hill .   The main rivers of the Hampshire Downs are the Test and River Itchen .   The main settlements of the Hampshire Downs are : Andover , Alton , Basingstoke and Winchester .   20 % of the area ( the North Hampshire Downs ) falls within the North Wessex Downs AONB and around 6 % within the South Downs National Park .

neg: Open Country `` Open Country '' is a designation used for some UK access land .   It was first defined under the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 ( and extended by the Countryside Act 1968 ) , and was land over which an appropriate access agreement had been made . In particular significant upland areas of the northern Peak District , where there had been much dispute over access prior to World War II , were so designated ( see Mass trespass of Kinder Scout ) .   The term is also used in the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000 to describe ` areas of mountain , moor , heath and down ' that are generally available for access under that Act . ( It appears that the rights conferred by this new definition are in general less comprehensive than those conferred under the 1949 Act , but will apply to a wider area . )   The Countryside Agency 's publication Managing Public Access appears to envisage that most land originally designated under the 1949 Act will in due course receive redesignation under the CRoW Act , as the original access agreements lapse .

neg: List of twin towns and sister cities in England This is a list of twin towns and sister cities in England . Most of England 's Twin Towns are those found in France and Germany , with West Midlands mostly twinned with those from the United States .

neg: Severn Valley The Severn Valley is a rural area of mid-western England , through which the River Severn runs and the Severn Valley Railway steam heritage line operates , starting at its northernmost point in Bridgnorth , Shropshire and running south for 16 miles ( 26 km ) to Ribbesford , a few miles south of Bewdley , Worcestershire in the Wyre Forest .   The area is about 25 miles ( 40 km ) due west of Birmingham in the West Midlands region .   There is also use of this term to apply to areas around the River Severn as far south as Gloucester , and as far north as Ironbridge . To the north of Bridgnorth , the area around the river becomes much steeper and is known as Ironbridge Gorge . From Stourport on Severn south to Gloucester , the riverside has a much larger flood plain and loses its distinctive `` valley '' hillsides found a few miles north in Bewdley . To the south of Gloucester , it becomes the Vale of Berkeley and then the Severn Estuary .

neg: Multi-area agreement A multi-area agreement was an English political framework that aimed to encourage cross boundary partnership working at the regional and sub-regional levels . They were defined by the Department for Communities and Local Government ( DCLG ) as voluntary agreements between two or more top tier ( county councils or metropolitan district councils ) or unitary local authorities , their partners and the government to work collectively to improve local economic prosperity .   There were 15 signed off multi-area agreements in England : However , these were folded into the new Local Enterprise Partnerships created by the Conservative/Liberal Democrat coalition government and will be formally rescinded under the Deregulation Bill .   Additionally there were five areas who were in negotiations with DCLG regarding the development of an MAA :  Gatwick Diamond  Hull and Humber  Milton Keynes South Midlands  Nottingham  Regional Cities East

neg: Unionism in England In England , Unionism is a political ideology which favours the continuation of some form of political union between England and the other countries of the United Kingdom ( Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland ) . It is part of the wider British unionist movement and is closely linked to the notion of Britishness . Unionism in England is characterised by both opposition to England 's independence as a separate state and the belief that Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland should continue to be constituent countries of the Union .

neg: Geology of New England New England is a region in the North Eastern United States consisting of the states Rhode Island , Connecticut , Massachusetts , New Hampshire , Vermont , and Maine . Most of New England consists geologically of volcanic island arcs that accreted onto the eastern edge of the Laurentian Craton in prehistoric times . Much of the bedrock found in New England is heavily metamorphosed due to the numerous mountain building events that occurred in the region . The most recent rock layers are glacial conglomerates .

neg: Grade II* listed buildings in Brighton and Hove There are 70 Grade II * listed buildings in the city of Brighton and Hove , England . The city , on the English Channel coast approximately 52 mi south of London , was formed as a unitary authority in 1997 by the merger of the neighbouring towns of Brighton and Hove . Queen Elizabeth II granted city status in 2000 .   In England , a building or structure is defined as `` listed '' when it is placed on a statutory register of buildings of `` special architectural or historic interest '' by the Secretary of State for Culture , Media and Sport , a Government department , in accordance with the Planning ( Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas ) Act 1990 . English Heritage , a non-departmental public body , acts as an agency of this department to administer the process and advise the department on relevant issues . There are three grades of listing status . Grade I , the highest , is defined as being of `` exceptional interest '' ; Grade II * is used for `` particularly important buildings of more than special interest '' ; and Grade II , the lowest , is used for buildings of `` special interest '' .   Brighton was founded on top of the sea-facing cliffs where the South Downs meet the English Channel . A series of valleys allowed transport routes to develop towards Lewes , London and other important settlements . Although Neolithic settlement has been confirmed , the Anglo-Saxons were the first permanent settlers ; the population was about 400 by the time of the Domesday survey in 1086 . Its neighbour Hove , on flatter , more fertile land to the west , developed concurrently but independently : its existence was recorded in 1288 , and two separate prebends ( similar to benefices ) existed by 1291 . Fishing , farming and smuggling drove the economy , but decline set in during the Middle Ages and persisted until the 19th century . Coastal flooding destroyed buildings on many occasions , the parish church fell into ruins , and the population -- almost all poor -- numbered about 100 in 1801 .   Brighton became fashionable as a holiday destination and health resort in the mid-18th century , and royal patronage ( particularly by the flamboyant Prince Regent ) increased its popularity with high society and the upper classes . Day-trippers and longer-term visitors from other social classes soon followed , and by the early 19th century the town was Britain 's foremost seaside resort . Developments such as Royal Crescent , Regency Square , Oriental Place and Park Crescent characterised the bold architectural vision of the town 's new residents ; the design triumvirate of Amon Wilds , Amon Henry Wilds and Charles Busby were instrumental in realising these plans . Hove 's fortunes improved in line with Brighton 's success , and developments such as Palmeira Mansions and Sir Isaac Goldsmid 's Adelaide Crescent covered the fields between the ancient village of Hove and Brighton 's continuous westward expansion .   The Vicar of Brighton , Rev. Henry Michell Wagner -- a wealthy , progressive clergyman with strong Anglo-Catholic views and an interest in architecture -- and his son and successor Rev. Arthur Wagner were responsible for an array of new churches throughout Brighton and Hove ( especially in poorer residential areas ) ; many are listed at Grade I , and the Grade II * - listed examples of St Martin 's and St Paul 's merely add to a stock of Victorian places of worship which has been described as one of the best outside London . Elsewhere during the Victorian era , the former parish churches of both Brighton and Hove were rebuilt ; an elaborate synagogue was provided for the Jewish population ; Roman Catholic worship became established at the Classical-style St John the Baptist 's Church ; a new parish church was established in the form of Charles Barry 's St Peter 's ; and several other churches were established .   Both towns were incorporated as boroughs : Brighton in 1854 , Hove in 1898 . Expansion in the 20th century , as the urban area became a large regional centre , resulted in ancient villages being absorbed into the boroughs . Hangleton , West Blatchington , Ovingdean , Rottingdean and others had historic buildings and long-established churches of their own ; by 1928 , Acts of Parliament had brought them into `` Greater Brighton and Hove '' . In 1997 , the towns were officially united as a unitary authority ; three years later , city status was secured .   Some listings include contributory fixtures such as surrounding walls or railings in front of the building . These are summarised by notes alongside the building name .

neg: Geography of Lincolnshire The ceremonial county of Lincolnshire ( composed of the shire county of Lincolnshire , plus the unitary authorities of North Lincolnshire and North-East Lincolnshire ) is the second largest of the English counties and one that is predominantly agricultural in character . Despite its relatively large physical area , it has a comparatively small population ( of less than 1 million people ) . The unusually low population density that arises gives the county a very different character from the much more densely populated an urbanised counties of south-east and northern England , and is , in many ways , key to understanding the nature of the county ( and perhaps even its people ) .

neg: Economy of Devon Devon has the 19th largest economy in England out of 46 ceremonial counties . Situated in the region of South West England , it is a maritime county . Like neighbouring Cornwall to the west , Devon is disadvantaged economically compared to other parts of southern England , owing to the decline of a number of core industries , notably fishing , mining and farming . Consequently , most of Devon has qualified for the European Community 's Objective 2 status , particularly around Exmoor , Bideford Bay and the Hartland Point peninsula which is somewhat cut off from industrial Britain due to poor road and rail transport links . These areas of North Devon are , however , only around 50 mi by boat from Swansea in Wales . A proposal which has the backing of both the Welsh Assembly Government and the South West Regional Assembly , as well as Devon County Council , is a year-round ferry service from either Ilfracombe or Bideford to Swansea , which it is hoped would stimulate economic growth in both South West Wales and the North coast of Devon and Cornwall .   The 2001 UK foot and mouth crisis harmed the farming community severely .   The attractive lifestyle of the area is drawing in new industries which are not heavily dependent upon geographical location ; Dartmoor , for instance , has recently seen a significant rise in the percentage of its inhabitants involved in the financial services sector . In 2003 , the Met Office , the UK 's national and international weather service , moved to Exeter .  Devon is one of the rural counties , with the advantages and challenges characteristic of these . Despite this , the county 's economy is also heavily influenced by its two main urban centres , Plymouth and Exeter . Nearly half of the holdings of the Duchy of Cornwall are in Devon , including a large area of farmland .   Since the rise of seaside resorts with the arrival of the railways in the 19th century , Devon 's economy has been heavily reliant on tourism . The county 's economy has followed the declining trend of British seaside resorts since the mid 20th century , with some recent revival . This revival has been aided by the designation of much of Devon 's countryside and coastline as the Dartmoor and Exmoor national parks , and the Jurassic Coast and Cornwall and West Devon Mining Landscape World Heritage Sites . In 2004 the county 's tourist revenue was # 1.2 billion .   The Met Office is in Exeter as is Connaught plc , and Pennon Group , the water company . The Wrigley Company ( chewing gum ) and HMNB Devonport ( the largest naval base in western Europe ) are in Plymouth . Torquay was home to Beverage Brands , the producers of WKD Original Vodka . Britannia Royal Naval College is at Dartmouth .

neg: List of national parks of England and Wales Within England and Wales there are thirteen areas known as national parks , each administered by its own national park authority , a special purpose local authority , the role of which as set out in the Environment Act 1995 is : to conserve and enhance the natural beauty , wildlife and cultural heritage of the National Parks . and to promote opportunities for the understanding and enjoyment of the special qualities of the National Parks by the public . The national park authority for each park addresses these aims in partnership with other organisations , such as the National Trust . In cases where there may be conflict between the two purposes of designation , the first must take precedence under the Sandford Principle . The national park authorities also have a duty to foster the economic and social wellbeing of communities in pursuit of these purposes .

neg: Northumberland Northumberland ( -LSB- nɔːrˈθʌmbərlənd -RSB- -LSB- localnɔːˈθʊmbələnd -RSB- ) ( abbreviated Northd ) is a county in North East England . The northernmost county of England , it borders Cumbria to the west , County Durham and Tyne and Wear to the south and Scotland to the north . To the east is the North Sea coastline with a 103 km long distance path . The county town is Alnwick although the county council is in Morpeth ( for the moment , as there are plans to move it to nearby Ashington ) . The northernmost point of Northumberland and England is at Marshall Meadows Bay .   The county of Northumberland included Newcastle upon Tyne until 1400 , when the city became a county of itself . Northumberland expanded greatly in the Tudor period , annexing Berwick-upon-Tweed in 1482 , Tynedale in 1495 , Tynemouth in 1536 , Redesdale around 1542 and Hexhamshire in 1572 . Islandshire , Bedlingtonshire and Norhamshire were incorporated into Northumberland in 1844 . Tynemouth and other settlements in North Tyneside were transferred to Tyne and Wear in 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972 .   Lying on the Anglo-Scottish border , Northumberland has been the site of a number of battles . The county is noted for its undeveloped landscape of high moorland , now largely protected as the Northumberland National Park . Northumberland is the most sparsely populated county in England , with only 62 people per square kilometre .

neg: Cheshire Basin The Cheshire Basin is a late Palaeozoic and Mesozoic sedimentary basin extending under most of the county of Cheshire in northwest England . It extends northwards into the Manchester area and south into Shropshire . The basin possesses something of the character of a half-graben as its deepest extent is along its eastern and southeastern margins , where it is well-defined by a series of sub-parallel faults , most important of which is the Red Rock Fault . These faults divide the basin from the older Carboniferous rocks of the Peak District and the North Staffordshire Coalfield .   In terms of its architecture , the basin is sometimes considered to be divided into two sub-basins : the more southerly Wem-Audlem Sub-basin and the Sandbach-Knutsford Sub-basin to its northeast .   The basin fill is mainly Permian and Triassic sandstones and mudstones , but it also incorporates economically important halite beds . The sequences referred to the Sherwood Sandstone Group and the overlying Mercia Mudstone Group are the thickest in England . An isolated outlier of Jurassic rocks occurs within the basin at Prees in north Shropshire .   The basin is just one part of a wider complex of basins that include the Worcester Basin , the Stafford Basin and the East Irish Sea Basin , the development of each of which began while the crust of this region was experiencing east-west tension during the Permian period . It is traversed by a series of largely north-south aligned normal faults , some of which help to define the Mid Cheshire Ridge and Alderley Edge , two upstanding areas within the Cheshire Plain .

neg: Centre points of the United Kingdom There has long been debate over the exact location of the geographical centre of the United Kingdom , and its constituent countries , due to the complexity and method of the calculation , such as whether to include offshore islands , and the fact that erosion will cause the position to change over time . There are two main methods of calculating this `` centre '' : either as the centroid of the two-dimensional shape made by the country ( projected to the Airy ellipsoid then flattened using the Transverse Mercator projection ) , or as the point farthest from the boundary of the country ( either the sea , or , in the case of constituent countries , a land border ) . These two methods give quite different answers .

neg: Severnside The geographical term Severnside refers to an area adjoining or straddling the River Severn or its estuary in Great Britain .   The term is used by different organisations , in different contexts , to refer to quite different areas . The Severn passes through both England and Wales , in some places forming the boundary between the two . Some uses of `` Severnside '' relate to areas on both sides of the river , and others only to one or other side .   It generally refers to the cities on either side of the Severn Estuary . These include Cardiff , Newport and Bristol .

neg: Weybridge Weybridge -LSB- ˈweɪbrɪdʒ -RSB- is a town by the River Wey in the Elmbridge district of Surrey . It is bounded to the north by the River Thames at the mouth of the Wey , from which it gets its name . It is an outlying suburban town within the Greater London Urban Area , situated 7 miles ( 11 km ) northeast of Woking and 16 miles ( 25 km ) southwest of central London . Real estate prices are well above the national average : as of 2008 , six of the ten most expensive streets in South East England ( defined as the official government region , which excludes Greater London ) were in Weybridge .   Weybridge , based on its parish bounds , forms three wards of the United Kingdom or can be divided into the Thames Street and town centre area , the Queens Road area on top of Monument Hill , most of Brooklands and St George 's Hill . Within the post town , rather than Weybridge 's other boundaries is Oatlands or Oatlands Village .

neg: Geography of London London is the largest urban area and capital city of the United Kingdom , located in southeastern Great Britain . The London region covers an area of 1579 km2 , and had a population of 7,172,036 in 2001 and a population density of 4,542 people per square kilometre . A larger area , referred to as the London Metropolitan Region or the London Metropolitan Agglomeration covers an area of 8382 km2 , and had a population of 12,653,500 and a population density of 1,510 people per square kilometre . London is a port on the Thames ( see main article Port of London ) , a navigable river . The river has had a major influence on the development of the city . London began on the Thames ' north bank and for a long time the main focus of the city remained on the north side of the Thames . For many centuries London Bridge was the only bridge in or close to the city . When more bridges were built in the 18th century , the city expanded in all directions as the mostly flat or gently rolling countryside presented no obstacle to growth .

neg: Germanic Basin The Germanic Basin ( Germanisches Becken ) is a large region of sedimentation in Western and Central Europe that , during the Permian and Triassic periods , extended from England in the west to the eastern border of Poland in the east .   To the south it is bounded by the Vindelician Ridge ( Vindelizische Schwelle ) and , to the west and northwest , by the Armorican and London-Brabant Massifs . To the north the basin is bordered by the highlands of Ireland and Scotland , which were then still connected to the North American continent . To the east the basin was defined by the East European Platform , to the northeast by the Fennoscandinavian Shield ( Scandinavia and Finland ) . The sedimentation began in the Rotliegendes with continental depositions . Later , during the Zechstein and Muschelkalk the region was largely flooded by the sea . Bunter sandstone and Keuper are again largely of continental origin . But even in these rocks the perimeter regions have marine influences , short incursions of the sea also reached the centre of the basin in northern Germany .   During the Zechstein the sea ingressed from the Arctic Ocean to the north into the basin . This gateway closed during the Uppermost Permian . In the Triassic these marine incursions came through several `` portals '' in the south of the basin e.g. the East Carpathian Gate ( East Poland ) , the Silesian Gate ( West Poland ) and the Burgundian Gate ( France ) . In the Rhaetian new inlets formed in the northwest of the basin through the former highlands in Ireland and Scotland , which came from the Atlantic Ocean which was now opening up .

neg: English independence English independence is a political stance advocating secession of England , the largest and most populous country of the British Isles , from the United Kingdom . Support for secession of England has been influenced by the increasing devolution of political powers to Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland , where independence from the United Kingdom is a prominent subject of political debate .   English independence is seen by its advocates as a way to resolve the West Lothian question in British politics : Scottish , Welsh and Northern Irish MPs in the Parliament of the United Kingdom at Westminster can vote on matters affecting England , while English MPs do not have the same power over equivalent issues in Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland , as these powers are devolved to the Scottish Parliament , Northern Ireland Assembly or the National Assembly for Wales .   While some minor political parties have campaigned for English independence , all major UK-wide political parties adhere to the opposing view of British unionism , and oppose altering the constitutional status of England . Scottish demands for independence , rather than English demands , are seen as the most pressing threat to British unity ; Scotland voted against independence at the referendum on 18 September 2014 . and a second vote is proposed in late 2018 or early 2019 .