query: Water is found in seas and oceans of Earth.

pos: Water Water is a transparent and nearly colorless chemical substance that is the main constituent of Earth 's streams , lakes , and oceans , and the fluids of most living organisms . Its chemical formula is H2O , meaning that its molecule contains one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms , that are connected by covalent bonds . Water strictly refers to the liquid state of that substance , that prevails at standard ambient temperature and pressure ; but it often refers also to its solid state ( ice ) or its gaseous state ( steam or water vapor ) . It also occurs in nature as snow , glaciers , ice packs and icebergs , clouds , fog , dew , aquifers , and atmospheric humidity .   Water covers 71 % of the Earth 's surface . It is vital for all known forms of life . On Earth , 96.5 % of the planet 's crust water is found in seas and oceans , 1.7 % in groundwater , 1.7 % in glaciers and the ice caps of Antarctica and Greenland , a small fraction in other large water bodies , and 0.001 % in the air as vapor , clouds ( formed of ice and liquid water suspended in air ) , and precipitation . Only 2.5 % of this water is freshwater , and 98.8 % of that water is in ice ( excepting ice in clouds ) and groundwater . Less than 0.3 % of all freshwater is in rivers , lakes , and the atmosphere , and an even smaller amount of the Earth 's freshwater ( 0.003 % ) is contained within biological bodies and manufactured products . A greater quantity of water is found in the earth 's interior .   Water on Earth moves continually through the water cycle of evaporation and transpiration ( evapotranspiration ) , condensation , precipitation , and runoff , usually reaching the sea . Evaporation and transpiration contribute to the precipitation over land . Large amounts of water are also chemically combined or adsorbed in hydrated minerals .   Safe drinking water is essential to humans and other lifeforms even though it provides no calories or organic nutrients . Access to safe drinking water has improved over the last decades in almost every part of the world , but approximately one billion people still lack access to safe water and over 2.5 billion lack access to adequate sanitation . There is a clear correlation between access to safe water and gross domestic product per capita . However , some observers have estimated that by 2025 more than half of the world population will be facing water-based vulnerability . A report , issued in November 2009 , suggests that by 2030 , in some developing regions of the world , water demand will exceed supply by 50 % .   Water plays an important role in the world economy . Approximately 70 % of the freshwater used by humans goes to agriculture . Fishing in salt and fresh water bodies is a major source of food for many parts of the world . Much of long-distance trade of commodities ( such as oil and natural gas ) and manufactured products is transported by boats through seas , rivers , lakes , and canals . Large quantities of water , ice , and steam are used for cooling and heating , in industry and homes . Water is an excellent solvent for a wide variety of chemical substances ; as such it is widely used in industrial processes , and in cooking and washing . Water is also central to many sports and other forms of entertainment , such as swimming , pleasure boating , boat racing , surfing , sport fishing , and diving .

neg: Sea of Japan naming dispute A dispute exists over the international name for the body of water which is bordered by Japan , North Korea , Russia , and South Korea . In 1992 , objections to the name Sea of Japan were first raised by North Korea and South Korea at the Sixth United Nations Conference on the Standardization of Geographical Names . The Japanese government supports the use of the name `` Sea of Japan '' , while South Korea supports the name `` East Sea '' , and North Korea supports the name `` East Sea of Korea '' . Currently , most international maps and documents use either the name Sea of Japan ( or equivalent translation ) by itself , or include both the name Sea of Japan and East Sea , often with East Sea listed in parentheses or otherwise marked as a secondary name . The International Hydrographic Organization , the international governing body for the naming of bodies of water around the world , in 2012 decided not to change the current single name `` Sea of Japan '' rejecting South Korea 's request to use `` East Sea '' together with `` Sea of Japan '' .   The involved countries ( especially Japan and South Korea ) have advanced a variety of arguments to support their preferred name ( s ) . Many of the arguments revolve around determining when the name Sea of Japan became the common name . South Korea argues that historically the more common name was East Sea , Sea of Korea , or another similar variant . South Korea further argues that the name Sea of Japan did not become common until Korea was under Japanese rule , at which time it had no ability to influence international affairs . Japan argues that the name Sea of Japan has been the most common international name since at least the beginning of the 19th century , long before its annexation of Korea . Both sides have conducted studies of antiquarian maps , but the two countries have produced divergent research results . Additional arguments have been raised regarding the underlying geography of the sea as well as potential problems regarding the ambiguity of one name or the other .

neg: Aragonite sea An aragonite sea contains aragonite and high-magnesium calcite as the primary inorganic carbonate precipitates . Therefore , the chemical conditions of the seawater must be notably high in magnesium content for an aragonite sea to form . This is in contrast to a calcite sea in which low-magnesium calcite is the primary inorganic marine calcium carbonate precipitate .   The Early Paleozoic and the Middle to Late Mesozoic oceans were predominantly calcite seas , whereas the Middle Paleozoic through the Early Mesozoic and the Cenozoic ( including today ) are characterized by aragonite seas .   Aragonite seas form due to several factors , the most obvious of these is a high magnesium content . However , the sea level and the temperature of the surrounding system also determine whether an aragonite sea will form .   Calcite seas occurred at times of rapid seafloor spreading and global greenhouse climate conditions . Calcite is the predominant mineral in warm , shallow marine environments . Aragonite on the other hand , is the dominant mineral in cool marine water environments .   This trend has been observed by looking at the chemistry of carbonates , dating them and analyzing the conditions under which they were formed . One study has examined the temporal and spatial distribution of limestone-marl alternations in Ordovician , Jurassic and Cretaceous ( times of calcite seas ) . This study concluded that the most abundant of the limestone-marl alternations occurred in settings similar to today 's seas which favor aragonite production .

neg: Oceanic physical-biological process Due to the higher density of sea water ( 1,030 kg m − 3 ) than air ( 1.2 kg m − 3 ) , the force exerted by the same velocity on an organism is 827 times stronger in the ocean . When waves crash on the shore , the force exerted on littoral organisms can be equivalent to several tons .

neg: Circumpolar deep water Circumpolar Deep Water ( CDW ) is a designation given to the water mass in the Pacific and Indian oceans that essentially characterizes a mixing of other water masses in the region . A distinguishing characteristic is the water is not formed at the surface , but rather by a blending of other water masses , including the North Atlantic Deep Water ( NADW ) , the Antarctic Bottom Water ( AABW ) , and the Pacific Intermediate Water Masses .   CDW , the greatest volume water mass in the SO , is a mixture of North Atlantic Deep Water ( NADW ) , Antarctic Bottom Water ( AABW ) , and Antarctic Intermediate Water ( AAIW ) , as well as recirculated deep water from the Indian and Pacific Oceans ( e.g. , Wüst 1935 ; Callahan 1972 ; Georgi 1981 ; Mantyla and Reid 1983 ; Charles and Fairbanks 1992 ; You 2000 )   Because the Circumpolar Deep Water is a mix of other water masses , its TS profile is simply the point where the TS lines of the other water masses converge . TS diagrams refer to temperature and salinity profiles , which are one of the major ways water masses are distinguished from each other . The convergence of the TS lines thus proves the mixing of the other water masses .  Circumpolar deep water is between 1 and 2 degrees Celsius and has a salinity between 34.62 and 34.73 practical salinity units .    In recent decades , hundreds of glaciers draining the Antarctic Peninsula ( 63 ° to 70 ° S ) have undergone systematic and progressive change . These changes are widely attributed to rapid increases in regional surface air temperature , but it is now clear that this can not be the sole driver . A strong correspondence has been discovered between mid-depth ocean temperatures and glacier-front changes along the approximately 1000-kilometer western coastline . In the south , glaciers that terminate in warm Circumpolar Deep Water have undergone considerable retreat , whereas those in the far northwest , which terminate in cooler waters , have not . Furthermore , a mid-ocean warming since the 1990s in the south is coincident with widespread acceleration of glacier retreat . The conclusion is that changes in ocean-induced melting are the primary cause of retreat for glaciers in this region .

neg: Benthos Benthos is the community of organisms that live on , in , or near the seabed , also known as the benthic zone . This community lives in or near marine sedimentary environments , from tidal pools along the foreshore , out to the continental shelf , and then down to the abyssal depths .   Many organisms adapted to deep-water pressure can not survive in the upper parts of the water column . The pressure difference can be very significant ( approximately one atmosphere for each 10 metres of water depth ) .   Because light is absorbed before it can reach deep ocean-water , the energy source for deep benthic ecosystems is often organic matter from higher up in the water column that drifts down to the depths . This dead and decaying matter sustains the benthic food chain ; most organisms in the benthic zone are scavengers or detritivores .   The term benthos , coined by Haeckel in 1891 , comes from the Greek noun βένθος `` depth of the sea '' . Benthos is also used in freshwater biology to refer to organisms at the bottom of freshwater bodies of water , such as lakes , rivers , and streams . There is also a redundant synonym , benthon .

neg: Antarctic ice sheet The Antarctic ice sheet is one of the two polar ice caps of the Earth . It covers about 98 % of the Antarctic continent and is the largest single mass of ice on Earth . It covers an area of almost 14 e6km2 and contains 26.5 e6km3 of ice . Approximately 61 percent of all fresh water on the Earth is held in the Antarctic ice sheet , an amount equivalent to about 58 m of sea-level rise . In East Antarctica , the ice sheet rests on a major land mass , but in West Antarctica the bed can extend to more than 2,500 m below sea level . Much of the land in this area would be seabed if the ice sheet were not there .   In contrast to the melting of the Arctic sea ice , sea ice around Antarctica was expanding . The reasons for this are not fully understood , but suggestions include the climatic effects on ocean and atmospheric circulation of the ozone hole , and/or cooler ocean surface temperatures as the warming deep waters melt the ice shelves .

neg: Magmatic water Magmatic water or juvenile water is water that exists within , and in equilibrium with , a magma or water-rich volatile fluids that are derived from a magma . This magmatic water is released to the atmosphere during a volcanic eruption . Magmatic water may also be released as hydrothermal fluids during the late stages of magmatic crystallization or solidification within the Earth 's crust . The crystallization of hydroxyl bearing amphibole and mica minerals acts to contain part of the magmatic water within a solidified igneous rock . Ultimate sources of this magmatic water includes water and hydrous minerals in rocks melted during subduction as well as primordial water brought up from the deep mantle .

neg: Water resources Water resources are sources of water that are potentially useful . Uses of water include agricultural , industrial , household , recreational and environmental activities . The majority of human uses require fresh water .   97 % of the water on the Earth is salt water and only three percent is fresh water ; slightly over two thirds of this is frozen in glaciers and polar ice caps . The remaining unfrozen freshwater is found mainly as groundwater , with only a small fraction present above ground or in the air .   Fresh water is a renewable resource , yet the world 's supply of groundwater is steadily decreasing , with depletion occurring most prominently in Asia , South America and North America , although it is still unclear how much natural renewal balances this usage , and whether ecosystems are threatened . The framework for allocating water resources to water users ( where such a framework exists ) is known as water rights .

neg: Water mass An oceanographic water mass is identifiable body of water with a common formation history which has physical properties distinct from surrounding water . Properties include temperature , salinity , chemical - isotopic ratios , and other physical quantities .   Water masses are generally distinguished not only by their respective tracers ( see above ) but also by their location in the Worlds ' oceans . Water masses are also distinguished by their vertical position , so that there are surface water masses , intermediate water masses and deep water masses . Common water masses in the world ocean are : Antarctic Bottom Water ( AABW ) , North Atlantic Deep Water ( NADW ) , Circumpolar Deep Water ( CDW ) , Antarctic Intermediate Water ( AAIW ) , Subantarctic Mode Water ( SAMW ) , Arctic Intermediate Water ( AIW ) , the central waters of various oceanic basins , and various ocean surface waters .

neg: Properties of water Water is a polar inorganic compound that is at room temperature a tasteless and odorless liquid , nearly colorless with a hint of blue . This simplest hydrogen chalcogenide is by far the most studied chemical compound and is described as the `` universal solvent '' for its ability to dissolve many substances . This allows it to be the `` solvent of life '' . It is the only common substance to exist as a solid , liquid , and gas in nature .   Water molecules form hydrogen bonds with each other and are strongly polar . This polarity allows it to separate ions in salts and strongly bond to other polar substances such as alcohols and acids , thus dissolving them . Its hydrogen bonding causes its many unique properties , such as having a solid form less dense than its liquid form , a relatively high boiling point of 100 ° C for its molar mass , and a high heat capacity .   Water is amphoteric , meaning it is both an acid and a base -- it produces and ions by self ionization . This regulates the concentrations of and ions in water .   Due to water being a very good solvent , it is rarely pure and some of the properties of impure water can vary from those of the pure substance . However , there are also many compounds that are essentially , if not completely , insoluble in water , such as fats , oils and other non-polar substances .

neg: Drift ice Drift ice is any sea ice other than fast ice , the latter being attached ( `` fastened '' ) to the shoreline or other fixed objects ( shoals , grounded icebergs , etc. ) . Drift ice is carried along by winds and sea currents , hence its name . When drift ice is driven together into a large single mass ( > 70 % coverage ) , it is called pack ice . Wind and currents can pile up that ice to form ridges up to several metres in height . These represent a challenge for icebreakers and offshore structures operating in cold oceans and seas .   Drift ice consists of floes , individual pieces of sea ice 20 m or more across . There are names for various floe sizes : small -- 20 m to 100 m ; medium -- 100 m to 500 m ; big -- 500 m to 2000 m ; vast -- 2 km to 10 km ; and giant -- more than 10 km .   Seasonal ice drift in the Sea of Okhotsk by the northern coast of Hokkaidō , Japan has become a tourist attraction of this area with harsh climate , and is one of the 100 Soundscapes of Japan . The Sea of Okhotsk is the southernmost area in the Northern hemisphere where drift ice may be observed .   Drift ice affects :  Security of navigation  Climatic impact ( see Polar ice packs )  Geological impact  Biosphere influence ( see Ecology of sea ice )   The two major ice packs are the Arctic ice pack and the Antarctic ice pack . The most important areas of pack ice are the polar ice packs formed from seawater in the Earth 's polar regions : the Arctic ice pack of the Arctic Ocean and the Antarctic ice pack of the Southern Ocean . Polar packs significantly change their size during seasonal changes of the year . Because of vast amounts of water added to or removed from the oceans and atmosphere , the behavior of polar ice packs has a significant impact on global changes in climate .

neg: Shore A shore or a shoreline is the fringe of land at the edge of a large body of water , such as an ocean , sea , or lake . In physical oceanography , a shore is the wider fringe that is geologically modified by the action of the body of water past and present , while the beach is at the edge of the shore , representing the intertidal zone where there is one . In contrast to a coast , a shore can border any body of water , while the coast must border an ocean ; in that sense a coast is a type of shore ; however , coast often refers to an area far wider than the shore , often streaching miles into the interior .   Shores are influenced by the topography of the surrounding landscape , as well as by water induced erosion , such as waves . The geological composition of rock and soil dictates the type of shore which is created .

neg: Metabolic water Metabolic water refers to water created inside a living organism through their metabolism , by oxidizing energy-containing substances in their food . Animal metabolism produces about 100 grams of water per 100 grams of fat , 42 grams of water per 100 g of protein and 60 grams of water per 100 g of carbohydrate .   Some organisms , especially xerocoles , animals living in the desert , rely exclusively on metabolic water . Migratory birds must rely exclusively on metabolic water production while making non-stop flights . Humans , by contrast , obtain only about 8-10 % of their water needs through metabolic water production .   In mammals , the water produced from metabolism of protein roughly equals the amount needed to excrete the urea which is a byproduct of the metabolism of protein . Birds , however , excrete uric acid and can have a net gain of water from the metabolism of protein .

neg: Maritime Continent Maritime Continent is the name given primarily by meteorologists and oceanographers to the region of Southeast Asia which comprises , amongst other countries , Indonesia , Philippines and Papua New Guinea . Located between the Indian and Pacific Oceans , it is situated within a warm ocean region known as the Tropical Warm Pool .   The maritime continent consists of many islands , peninsulas and shallow seas . The region is significant in meteorology because it is considered the most important energy source region in the entire global circulation system owing to a number of coincident factors , the most significant being geographic location and topography , both of which contribute to the development of the Tropical Warm Pool , which is the warmest large area of ocean on Earth .   Coined by Colin Ramage in 1968 , the name combines the terms maritime and continent normally used as opposites in the description of climate . Maritime air is humid , and continental air is dry .   In the Southeast Asia region , land masses and bodies of water are , roughly-speaking , evenly distributed . Moreover , the land masses are characterized by high mountains , and the seas are among the warmest on the earth . This produces a widespread area of diurnal thunderstorms which pump huge quantities of moisture and heat high up into the atmosphere which in turn feeds the upper level winds which circle the globe .

neg: Pelagic zone Any water in a sea or lake that is neither close to the bottom nor near the shore can be said to be in the pelagic zone . The word `` pelagic '' is derived . The pelagic zone can be thought of in terms of an imaginary cylinder or water column that goes from the surface of the sea almost to the bottom . Conditions differ deeper in the water column such that as pressure increases with depth , the temperature drops and less light penetrates . Depending on the depth , the water column , rather like the Earth 's atmosphere , may be divided into different layers .   The pelagic zone occupies 1,330 million km3 ( 320 million mi3 ) with a mean depth of 3.68 km and maximum depth of 11 km . Fish that live in the pelagic zone are called pelagic fish . Pelagic life decreases with increasing depth . It is affected by light intensity , pressure , temperature , salinity , the supply of dissolved oxygen and nutrients , and the submarine topography , which is called bathymetry . In deep water , the pelagic zone is sometimes called the open-ocean zone and can be contrasted with water that is near the coast or on the continental shelf . In other contexts , coastal water not near the bottom is still said to be in the pelagic zone .   The pelagic zone can be contrasted with the benthic and demersal zones at the bottom of the sea . The benthic zone is the ecological region at the very bottom of the sea . It includes the sediment surface and some subsurface layers . Marine organisms living in this zone , such as clams and crabs , are called benthos . The demersal zone is just above the benthic zone . It can be significantly affected by the seabed and the life that lives there . Fish that live in the demersal zone are called demersal fish , and can be divided into benthic fish , which are denser than water so they can rest on the bottom , and benthopelagic fish , which swim in the water column just above the bottom . Demersal fish are also known as bottom feeders and groundfish .

neg: Northern North Sea basin The North Sea is part of the Atlantic Ocean in northern Europe . It is located between Norway and Denmark in the east , Scotland and England in the west , Germany , the Netherlands , Belgium and France in the south .   The geology of the North Sea describes the geological features such as channels , trenches , and ridges today and the geological history , plate tectonics , geological events that created them .   A geological basin is a large low-lying area or depression . It is often below sea level . Depressions are typically formed by tectonic processes acting on the lithosphere , providing `` accommodation space '' for sediment to be preserved . Basins are formed in a variety of tectonic settings : extensional , compressional , strike-slip and intraplate .   Geological basins are one of the most common places which collect sediment . The type of rocks which form there tell about the palaeoclimate of the continent . The geology is of interest to oil prospectors , hydrologists and palaeontologists . Exploration in the North Sea was initiated in May 1964 when the first well was spudded and the area has now become one of the most prolific hydrocarbon provinces in the world . Total recoverable reserves found to date , including adjacent land areas , amount to over 100 billion barrels of oil and natural gas .   Geologically speaking , the North Sea is divided into four main basins : Northern , Moray Firth , Central , and Southern . Each has a long and complex geologic history with unique structural and stratigraphic developments driven by tectonic events over the last 400 Million years . The northern North Sea Paleorift system , including the Viking and Sogn graben , is an approximately 150-200 km wide zone of extended upper crust with preserved strata from pre-Triassic to Tertiary . It is bounded by the Shetland Platform to the west and the Norwegian mainland to the east .

neg: Water associated fraction The water associated fraction ( WAF ) , sometimes termed the water-soluble fraction ( W.S.F. ) , is the solution of low molecular mass hydrocarbons naturally released from petroleum hydrocarbon mixtures in contact with water . Although generally regarded as hydrophobic , many petroleum hydrocarbons are soluble in water to a limited extent . This combination often also contains less soluble , higher molecular mass components , and more soluble products of chemical and biological degradation .   Low molecular mass compounds account for much of the toxic nature of hydrocarbon spills . In particular , benzene , toluene , ethyl benzene and the xylenes ( BTEX ) are of great environmental interest due to their availability to organisms . This availability , also influenced by volatility and reactivity , impacts on biodegradation and bioremediation in water and soil environments , with even dissolved components within pore water considered bioavailable .   The WAF is found in greatest concentration in close proximity to the bulk phase of hydrocarbons , the progress of which is often limited by physical containment measures such as booms . The dissolved components of petroleum mixtures such as crude oil can become subject to the transport mechanisms of the bulk aqueous phase . Source identification of these can therefore become problematic without the visual indications usually expected with petroleum hydrocarbon spills . However , after relatively short periods of exposure , the chemical profile of the original oils is still largely intact , allowing chemical analysis to provide identification and discriminate between different petroleum sources .   In freshwater aquatic environments , dissolution is the greatest physical weathering process after evaporation . Under the same conditions , the rate of dissolution is between 0.01 % and 1 % of the rate of evaporation for alkanes and aromatic compounds . Once dissolved , these components are more available to organisms and therefore susceptible to biodegradation processes and experience increased rates of photochemical and chemical degradation . These components represent some of the most toxic oil ingredients because of their increased bioavailability , with reduction in toxicity occurring on emulsification or absorption to colloids which restrict availability to organisms .

neg: Ocean dynamics Ocean dynamics define and describe the motion of water within the oceans . Ocean temperature and motion fields can be separated into three distinct layers : mixed ( surface ) layer , upper ocean ( above the thermocline ) , and deep ocean .   Ocean dynamics has traditionally been investigated by sampling from instruments in situ .   The mixed layer is nearest to the surface and can vary in thickness from 10 to 500 meters . This layer has properties such as temperature , salinity and dissolved oxygen which are uniform with depth reflecting a history of active turbulence ( the atmosphere has an analogous planetary boundary layer ) . Turbulence is high in the mixed layer . However , it becomes zero at the base of the mixed layer . Turbulence again increases below the base of the mixed layer due to shear instabilities . At extratropical latitudes this layer is deepest in late winter as a result of surface cooling and winter storms and quite shallow in summer . Its dynamics is governed by turbulent mixing as well as Ekman pumping , exchanges with the overlying atmosphere , and horizontal advection .   The upper ocean , characterized by warm temperatures and active motion , varies in depth from 100 m or less in the tropics and eastern oceans to in excess of 800 meters in the western subtropical oceans . This layer exchanges properties such as heat and freshwater with the atmosphere on timescales of a few years . Below the mixed layer the upper ocean is generally governed by the hydrostatic and geostrophic relationships . Exceptions include the deep tropics and coastal regions .   The deep ocean is both cold and dark with generally weak velocities ( although limited areas of the deep ocean are known to have significant recirculations ) . The deep ocean is supplied with water from the upper ocean in only a few limited geographical regions : the subpolar North Atlantic and several sinking regions around the Antarctic . Because of the weak supply of water to the deep ocean the average residence time of water in the deep ocean is measured in hundreds of years . In this layer as well the hydrostatic and geostrophic relationships are generally valid and mixing is generally quite weak .

neg: Reservoir A reservoir ( etymology : from French réservoir a `` storehouse '' ) is a storage space for fluids . These fluids may be water , hydrocarbons or gas . A reservoir usually means an enlarged natural or artificial lake , storage pond or impoundment created using a dam or lock to store water .  Reservoirs can be created by controlling a stream that drains an existing body of water . They can also be constructed in river valleys using a dam . Alternately , a reservoir can be built by excavating flat ground or constructing retaining walls and levees .   Tank reservoirs store liquids or gases in storage tanks that may be elevated , at grade level , or buried . Tank reservoirs for water are also called cisterns .   Underground reservoirs are used to store liquids , principally either water or petroleum , below ground .

neg: Hypothetical types of biochemistry Hypothetical types of biochemistry are forms of biochemistry speculated to be scientifically viable but not proven to exist at this time . The kinds of living organisms currently known on Earth all use carbon compounds for basic structural and metabolic functions , water as a solvent , and DNA or RNA to define and control their form . If life exists on other planets or moons , it may be chemically similar ; it is also possible that there are organisms with quite different chemistries -- for instance involving other classes of carbon compounds , compounds of another element , or another solvent in place of water .   The possibility of life-forms being based on `` alternative '' biochemistries is the topic of an ongoing scientific discussion , informed by what is known about extraterrestrial environments and about the chemical behaviour of various elements and compounds . It is also a common subject in science fiction .   The element silicon has been much discussed as a hypothetical alternative to carbon . Silicon is in the same group as carbon on the periodic table and , like carbon , it is tetravalent , although the silicon analogs of organic compounds are generally less stable . Hypothetical alternatives to water include ammonia , which , like water , is a polar molecule , and cosmically abundant ; and non-polar hydrocarbon solvents such as methane and ethane , which are known to exist in liquid form on the surface of Titan .


query: T-Pain isn't an artist.

pos: T-Pain Faheem Rashad Najm ( born September 30 , 1985 ) , better known by his stage name T-Pain , is an American rapper , singer , songwriter and record producer from Tallahassee , Florida . His debut album , Rappa Ternt Sanga , was released in 2005 . In 2007 , T-Pain released his second album Epiphany , which reached number one on the US Billboard 200 chart . His third album , Thr33 Ringz , was released in 2008 . T-Pain has also released a string of hit singles , including `` I 'm Sprung '' , `` I 'm 'n Luv ( Wit a Stripper ) '' , `` Buy U a Drank ( Shawty Snappin ' ) '' , `` Bartender '' , `` Ca n't Believe It '' , `` 5 O'Clock '' and more . T-Pain has earned two Grammy Awards , alongside artists Kanye West and Jamie Foxx respectively .   T-Pain is the founder of the record label imprint Nappy Boy Entertainment , established in 2005 . Throughout his career as a singer , T-Pain is best known for using and popularizing the creative use of the Auto-Tune pitch correction effect , used with extreme parameter settings to create distinctive vocal sounds . From 2006 to 2010 , T-Pain was featured on more than 50 chart topping singles , his most successful feature to date was on Flo Rida 's debut single `` Low '' , which has since been certified 6x platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) .

neg: Hips Don't Lie `` Hips Do n't Lie '' is a song by Colombian singer and songwriter Shakira , featuring Haitian rapper Wyclef Jean for the reissue of Shakira 's seventh studio album , Oral Fixation , Vol . 2 . It was released on 28 February 2006 , by Epic Records as the second single from the album . The song was written and produced by Shakira , Jean , Jerry ` Wonder ' Duplessis and LaTavia Parker . `` Hips Do n't Lie '' is a salsa and worldbeat song , which heavily incorporates samples from Jean 's earlier single `` Dance Like This '' and `` Amores Como el Nuestro '' written by Omar Alfanno .   Upon its release , `` Hips Do n't Lie '' received generally favorable reviews from music critics . It received several accolades , including a People 's Choice Award , an MTV Latin America Video Music Award , and an MTV Video Music Award . `` Hips Do n't Lie '' reached the number one spot on charts in at least 18 countries including the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 , becoming her first number one single in the country . It also broke the record for the most radio plays in a single week and the fastest selling digital download song in the United States . The song was eventually certified Triple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , where it has sold over 3 million copies . It also topped the charts in Australia , Belgium ( Flanders and Wallonia ) , France , Germany , Ireland , Italy , Netherlands , New Zealand , Switzerland and the United Kingdom . Having sold over 10 million digital downloads , the track became one of the best-selling singles of the 21st century .

neg: Private Show (T.I. song) `` Private Show '' is a song by American hip hop recording artist T.I. , released on February 24 , 2015 , through Grand Hustle and Columbia Records , as the third single from his ninth studio album Paperwork ( 2014 ) . The song , which was produced by Shama `` Sak Pase '' Joseph and Ace Harris , features vocals from American singer Chris Brown .

neg: Don't (Bryson Tiller song) `` Do n't '' is the debut single by American singer Bryson Tiller . It was released on May 20 , 2015 , as the first single for his debut studio album Trapsoul . The song was produced by Epikh Pro and DopeBoi . Lyrically , at the start of the second verse , the song samples `` Shake It Off '' by Mariah Carey . This song peaked at number 13 on the US Billboard Hot 100 , where it became Tiller 's first Top 40 hit and his highest charting single to date .

neg: Immortal Technique Felipe Andres Coronel ( born February 19 , 1978 ) , better known by the stage name Immortal Technique , is an American hip hop recording artist and activist . Most of his lyrics focus on controversial issues in global politics . His lyrics are largely commentary on issues such as politics , socialism , class struggle , poverty , religion , government , imperialism , economics and institutional racism .   Immortal Technique has aims to retain control over his production , and has stated in his music that record companies , not artists themselves , profit the most from mass production and marketing of music . He claimed in an interview to have sold close to a combined total of 200,000 copies of his first three official releases .

neg: Grand Hustle Records Grand Hustle Records ( formerly Grand Hustle Entertainment ) , also known as Hustle Gang Music , is an Atlanta , Georgia-based record label , founded in 2001 , by American hip hop recording artist T.I. and his business partner Jason Geter . Up until December 2012 , the label was distributed by Atlantic Records . It currently operates as an independent record label . The label is home to artists such as B.o.B , Young Dro , Trae tha Truth and Travis Scott , among others . The label also houses a roster of record producers , including DJ Toomp , Lil ' C , Mars , Nard & B , TrackSlayerz and more .   The label has released 26 studio albums in total , with 13 of them being certified gold or higher , by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) . Additionally , the label has released five albums that reached number one on the US Billboard 200 chart , namely King ( 2006 ) , T.I. vs. T.I.P. ( 2007 ) , Paper Trail ( 2008 ) , The Adventures of Bobby Ray ( 2010 ) and Birds in the Trap Sing McKnight ( 2016 ) . Furthermore , Grand Hustle has released multiple top 40 hit singles , including `` Bring 'Em Out '' , `` What You Know '' , `` Shoulder Lean '' , `` Whatever You Like '' , `` Live Your Life '' , `` Dead and Gone '' , `` Nothin ' on You '' , `` Airplanes '' , `` Magic '' , `` Strange Clouds '' , `` So Good '' , `` Both of Us '' , `` Antidote '' and more .

neg: Thuggin' Under the Influence (T.U.I.) Thuggin ' Under the Influence ( T.U.I. ) is the first independent album by American rapper Young Jeezy ( under the initial name `` Lil ' J '' ) . It was released on August 31 , 2001 , by his independent record label , called Corporate Thugz ( CTE ) .

neg: Top Dawg Entertainment Top Dawg Entertainment ( TDE ) is an American independent record label founded in 2004 , by chief executive officer ( CEO ) Anthony `` Top Dawg '' Tiffith . Dave `` Miyatola '' Free and Terrence `` Punch '' Henderson are the co-presidents of TDE . There are currently eight artists signed to the label , Isaiah Rashad , SZA , Lance Skiiiwalker and SiR , as well as the flagship artists , Black Hippy members , Kendrick Lamar , Jay Rock , ScHoolboy Q and Ab-Soul . The label also houses a production division that includes Digi + Phonics , THC , and King Blue .

neg: Master T Tony Young ( born 1961 ) , professionally known as Master T , is a Canadian television and radio personality and urban music promoter . He was born in Leeds , England and moved to Canada with his Jamaican family in 1974 .   He was raised in Kitchener , Ontario , where he attended Kitchener-Waterloo Collegiate and Vocational School and met his future wife . He later studied television broadcasting at Mohawk College in Hamilton . He found work as a camera operator at MuchMusic before he was hired to host a dance show , X-Tendamix ( later `` Da Mix '' ) . As a VJ for MuchMusic , Young ( as `` Master T '' ) continued to host various programs , including Rap City , from 1990 to 2001 . When he left MuchMusic , his on-air farewell party featured an exclusive live performance by Lauryn Hill .   Young has also hosted the syndicated radio program Wall of Sound , produced by CIDC-FM .   During his time with Much , Master T was the primary promoter of the channel 's Much DanceMix series of compilation CDs , and received a Diamond plaque for over one million in sales .   Since leaving MuchMusic , he has produced and promoted his own Master T 's series of hip hop and reggae compilations .   In 2014 , he publicly called for the `` Much '' television channel to return to the hands of Moses Znaimer .   Young has been awarded a Toronto Bob Marley award , a Ghanaian Community Award , and a Mohawk College Alumni of Distinction award .

neg: Get Back Up (T.I. song) `` Get Back Up '' is a song by American hip hop recording artist T.I. , released on October 29 , 2010 , as the fifth single from his seventh studio album No Mercy ( 2010 ) . The song , produced by production team The Neptunes , features vocals from American R&B singer Chris Brown .

neg: Bitch, Don't Kill My Vibe `` Bitch , Do n't Kill My Vibe '' ( edited for radio as `` Trick , Do n't Kill My Vibe '' or simply `` Do n't Kill My Vibe '' ) , is a song by American hip hop recording artist Kendrick Lamar , from his major-label debut studio album Good Kid , M.A.A.D City ( 2012 ) . The song , produced by frequent collaborator Sounwave of Top Dawg Entertainment in-house production team Digi + Phonics , heavily samples `` Tiden Flyver '' , by Danish electronic group Boom Clap Bachelors . It was originally intended to be a collaboration with American singer Lady Gaga , but her contributions were ultimately excluded from the final recording due to timing issues . A remix of `` Bitch , Do n't Kill My Vibe '' featuring American rapper Jay-Z was sent to radio as the album 's fifth single on March 21 , 2013 , with the original version and another remix featuring British recording artist Emeli Sandé later being released .   The song 's music video , directed by The Lil Homie and OG Mike Mihail , notably ends with an abrupt cut to a black title screen reading `` Death to Molly '' , intended to be a criticism by Lamar of glorification of the drug MDMA in contemporary hip hop music . `` Bitch , Do n't Kill My Vibe '' peaked at number 32 on the United States Billboard Hot 100 chart , also reaching the top ten on the Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs and Hot Rap Songs charts .

neg: Tha Blaqprint Tha Blaqprint is the second studio album by American hip hop recording artist Blaq Poet , released June 30 , 2009 on DJ Premier 's record label Year Round Records via Fat Beats Records . It features guest appearances by the also Year Round Records signed group NYGz and Nick Javas , Capone-N-Noreaga member N.O.R.E. , Imani Montana , Lil ' Fame from M.O.P. , and the late Screwball member KL . The album was entirely produced by DJ Premier , except for two tracks : `` U Phucc 'd Up '' , produced by Easy Mo Bee , and `` Sichuwayshunz '' , produced by Gemcrates .  Several tracks have been released on various mixtapes , such as `` Blaq Out '' or `` No Talent Required '' , dating all the way back to 2006 . The album 's lead single , `` Ai n't Nuttin ' Changed '' , has been released in February 2009 . There 's also a remix version to the single , released in June 2009 . It features verses by MC Eiht from Compton 's Most Wanted and Young Maylay from Ice Cube 's Lench Mob Records .

neg: J. Cole discography American hip hop recording artist J. Cole has released four studio albums , one live album , one compilation album , two extended plays , three mixtapes , sixteen singles ( including nine as a featured artist ) , two promotional singles and twenty music videos . J. Cole first took up rapping in his teens , collaborating with the local Fayetteville hip hop duo Bomm Sheltuh . The Come Up , his debut mixtape , was released on May 4 , 2007 to positive reception . Following the release of The Come Up , J. Cole was contacted by American rapper Jay Z and subsequently signed to his record label Roc Nation . Cole released his second mixtape The Warm Up on June 15 , 2009 . `` Lights Please '' , the first single from The Warm Up , peaked at number nine on the United States Billboard Bubbling Under R&B / Hip-Hop Singles chart and became Cole 's first entry on a national record chart . He was later featured on `` All I Want Is You '' , a 2010 single by American R&B singer Miguel -- it peaked at number 58 on the US Billboard Hot 100 . J. Cole 's third mixtape Friday Night Lights was released on November 12 , 2010 .   J. Cole released his debut studio album Cole World : The Sideline Story on September 27 , 2011 . It debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 , with first-week sales of 218,000 copies . The album 's lead single `` Work Out '' peaked at number thirteen on the Billboard Hot 100 and became a top ten hit on the Billboard Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs and Hot Rap Songs charts . Cole World : The Sideline Story was later certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , while `` Work Out '' was certified two times platinum . Two more singles were released from the album : `` Ca n't Get Enough '' and `` Nobody 's Perfect '' , which peaked at numbers 52 and 61 respectively on the Hot 100 . J. Cole 's second studio album Born Sinner was released on June 18 , 2013 . Its lead single , `` Power Trip '' , peaked at number 19 on the Hot 100 and received a platinum certification from the RIAA . On December 9 , 2014 , he released his third studio album 2014 Forest Hills Drive . The album was supported by four singles : `` Apparently '' , `` Wet Dreamz '' , `` No Role Modelz '' and `` Love Yourz '' . The album also went on to sell 353,000 copies in its first week , and became the first rap album in 25 years to be certified platinum in the US with no guest appearances . The songs `` No Role Modelz '' and `` Wet Dreamz '' later received a platinum certification from the RIAA . In addition to his fourth album , Cole released three singles in 2016 : `` Love Yourz '' , `` Everybody Dies '' , and `` False Prophets '' . His album 4 Your Eyez Only was released on the second anniversary of 2014 Forest Hill Drive . 4 Your Eyez Only was certified gold before it debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 , despite having no singles upon release . `` Deja Vu '' was later given a single release after peaking at number 7 on the Hot 100 .

neg: Money Ain't a Thang `` Money Ai n't a Thang '' is the second single from rapper Jermaine Dupri 's 1998 album Life in 1472 . It features rapper Jay-Z and appears as a bonus track on his album Vol . 2 ... Hard Knock Life . It is produced by Dupri , who samples `` Weak at the Knees '' by Steve Arrington for the track 's beat . It can be found on two of Jay-Z 's greatest hits compilations : Chapter One : Greatest Hits and Greatest Hits . In addition , it was nominated for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group at the 41st Grammy Awards in 1999 .   The title of `` Money Ai n't a Thang '' appears as `` Money Ai n't a Thing '' on the vinyl single , but not on the CD single or any album it appears on .

neg: Culture (Migos album) Culture ( stylized as C U L T U R E ) is the second studio album by American hip hop group Migos . It was released on January 27 , 2017 , by Quality Control Music , 300 Entertainment and Atlantic Records . The album features guest appearances from DJ Khaled , Gucci Mane , 2 Chainz , Travis Scott and Lil Uzi Vert , while the production was handled by Metro Boomin and Murda Beatz , among others .   The album was supported by three singles : `` Bad and Boujee '' featuring Lil Uzi Vert , `` T-Shirt '' and `` Slippery '' featuring Gucci Mane . Culture received generally positive reviews from critics and debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 . It also topped the US Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums chart , becoming Migos ' first number one album on both charts . It also debuted at number one on the Canadian Albums Chart .

neg: Indie hip-hop Indie hip hop ( short for independent hip hop ) is hip hop that primarily exists in the independent underground music scene .   The term underground hip hop may be used to describe both indie hip hop ( which is defined by its artists being unsigned or signed to independent record labels , rather than major record labels ) as well as alternative hip hop ( which is defined by music that diverges from mainstream hip hop music such as Gangsta rap . )   As the term `` indie hip hop '' is indicative of the musicians making the music rather than the music itself , it is not strictly a genre but rather covers a range of styles with clearly discernable hip hop characteristics .   Like indie rock artists , many indie hip hop artists place a premium on maintaining complete control of their music and careers , releasing albums on independent record labels ( sometimes their own ) and relying on touring , word-of-mouth , and air play on independent or college radio stations for promotion . Some of its more popular artists , however , may end up moving to major labels , though often on favorable terms won by their prior independent success .   Independent hip hop labels include Babygrande Records , Definitive Jux , Nature Sounds Records and Strange Famous Records . Notable indie hip hop artists include 7L & Esoteric , Bronze Nazareth , Chief Kamachi , Lord Jamar , Mr. Lif , Jedi Mind Tricks , OuterSpace , The Perceptionists , WMR Music Group and The Society of Invisibles .

neg: Hollywood (Flavor Flav album) This is the self-titled debut solo album by hip-hop artist Flavor Flav . It is the only non-Public Enemy album made by him . The album was in production for at least seven years with the oldest track being `` Hot 1 '' , first released as a single in 1999 . The only guest appearance is from Smooth B of Nice & Smooth . Ol' Dirty Bastard , The Beatnuts and Ce Ce Peniston had been slated to appear on the album , but did not make the cut . This album is sometimes mistakenly referred to as `` Hollywood '' due to the image of the sign on the front of the album but it is self-titled .   The songs `` Flavor Man '' and `` Col-Leepin '' later appeared on Public Enemy 's 2007 album How You Sell Soul To A Soulless People Who Sold Their Soul ? .

neg: Pain in animals In humans , pain is a distressing feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli . Whether animals apart from humans also experience pain is contentious . The standard measure of pain in humans is how a person reports that pain , ( for example , on a pain scale ) . `` Pain '' is defined by the International Association for the Study of Pain as `` an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage , or described in terms of such damage . '' Only the person experiencing the pain can know the pain 's quality and intensity , and the degree of suffering . However , for non-human animals , it is harder , if even possible , to know whether an emotional experience has occurred . Therefore , this concept is often excluded in definitions of pain in animals , such as that provided by Zimmerman : `` an aversive sensory experience caused by actual or potential injury that elicits protective motor and vegetative reactions , results in learned avoidance and may modify species-specific behaviour , including social behaviour . '' Non-human animals can not report their feelings to language-using humans in the same manner as human communication , but observation of their behaviour provides a reasonable indication as to the extent of their pain . Just as with doctors and medics who sometimes share no common language with their patients , the indicators of pain can still be understood .   According to the U.S. National Research Council Committee on Recognition and Alleviation of Pain in Laboratory Animals , pain is experienced by many animal species , including mammals and possibly all vertebrates .

neg: 59 Times the Pain 59 Times the Pain was a Swedish hardcore punk band . They were active from 1992 until 2001 .   The band was formed in Fagersta , Sweden in 1992 by Magnus Larnhed ( Vocals / guitar ) , Michael Conradsson ( bass ) , Toni Virtanen ( drums ) and Kai Kalliomäki ( guitar ) . The bandname is inspired by a song from Hüsker Dü with the same name . Kalliomäki soon left the band to be replaced by Niklas Lundgren , who left hardcore band `` Dislars '' later to become the more known Burst . Their first demo `` Feeling Down '' got some attention from Burning Heart Records , and in 1993 , the band signed to the label . The following year the band recorded their debut album Blind Anger & Hate .   In March 1995 , 59 Times the Pain started recording their second full-length album , More Out of Today at Unisound . The underground success of More Out of Today and the debut single `` Blind Anger & Hate '' allowed 59 Times the Pain to establish themselves as a successful band . They did this through extensive touring , with their shows gaining excellent reviews .   Their fourth album , End of the Millennium , was released in March 1999 with their fifth ( and final ) album , Calling The Public , released in 2001 . The band also had songs included on several compilations , including 1999 's Short Music for Short People and Punk-O-Rama Vol . 4 . The band split in 2001 . On January 30 , 2008 they announced that they were reforming to play Groezrock festival .

neg: Freeze (T-Pain song) `` Freeze '' is the third and final single from R&B singer T-Pain from his third album , Thr33 Ringz . The song features singer Chris Brown . The song was released on iTunes on October 10 and was added to T-Pain 's MySpace on October 17 . A version that features Omarion was originally on the album , but was changed to Chris Brown .

neg: T.H.U.G.S. T.H.U.G.S. ( Trues Humbly United Gatherin ' Souls ) '' is the debut solo album by rapper Flesh-n-Bone from the hip hop group Bone Thugs-n-Harmony . The album was released on November 19 , 1996 , on Mo Thugs Records and Def Jam Recordings . The title stands for `` Trues Humbly United Gatherin ' Souls '' . The album has three singles : `` World So Cruel '' ( featuring Rev Run ) , `` Nothin ' But Da Bone In Me '' and `` Playa Hater '' ( featuring Krayzie Bone & Layzie Bone ) . The mood of the album ranges from tales of murder , kidnapping , demonic spirits , and religion . T.H.U.G.S. received favorable to positive reviews from critics . The album has been certified Gold by the RIAA on February 12 , 1997 .


query: Jordan Spence was not born in 1990.

pos: Jordan Spence Jordan James Spence ( born 24 May 1990 ) is an English footballer who plays for Ipswich Town . Predominantly as a right-back , Spence can also operate as a centre-back . He has represented and captained England at various youth levels . He has previously played for West Ham United , Leyton Orient , Scunthorpe United , Bristol City , Sheffield Wednesday and Milton Keynes Dons .

neg: Jordan Devlin Jordan Devlin ( born March 16 , 1990 ) is an Irish professional wrestler , currently working for various independent companies in Europe . In January 2017 , Devlin made his debut in WWE , as part of their United Kingdom Championship Tournament .

neg: Reggie Jackson (basketball, born 1990) Reginald Shon Jackson ( born April 16 , 1990 ) is an American professional basketball player for the Detroit Pistons of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) . He played three seasons for the Boston College Eagles men 's basketball team before declaring for the 2011 NBA draft where he was drafted 24th overall by the Oklahoma City Thunder .

neg: Jordan Stewart (footballer, born 1996) Jordan Stewart ( born 5 March 1996 ) is a Scottish footballer who plays as a midfielder .

neg: Jordan Malone Jordan Malone ( born April 20 , 1984 ) is an American short track speed skater who was a member of the US Olympic Team for the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver . He is from Denton , Texas , and is an alumnus of the Texas Tech University Independent School District . Jordan competed in the 2014 Olympic Games in Sochi , Russia . During one of the Olympic days , Malone got stuck in a bathroom and , later that same day , got stuck in an elevator .

neg: Jordan Stagmiller Jordan Theodore Stagmiller ( born November 8 , 1992 ) is an American soccer player .

neg: Jim Spence (loyalist) Jim Spence ( born c. 1960 ) is a Northern Irish former loyalist activist . Spence became notorious for his time in the Ulster Defence Association ( UDA ) , serving two spells in charge of the West Belfast Brigade . Spence is a native of the Woodvale area of Belfast 's Shankill Road .

neg: Mortimer Jordan High School Mortimer Jordan High School is a public high school located in Kimberly , Alabama . It is a part of the Jefferson County Board of Education .  The Cross Country Team Consists of Drey Hughes , Christian Hulmes , Gavin Rogers , Landon Wideman , Blane , Slade , Nick Sargent and Caleb Boyett  The school was named after Captain Mortimer Harvie Jordan , a war hero who lost his life in World War I . He was a soldier , officer and physician . As commanding officer of Company K , 167th infantry , 42nd `` Rainbow Division '' Alabama Army National Guard , he was mortally wounded while leading his sector in battle . He died of his wounds in 1918 and is buried in Arlington National Cemetery .

neg: Orlando Jordan Orlando Mason Jordan ( born April 21 , 1974 ) is an American-Australian semi-retired professional wrestler . He is best known for his tenure in World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) , where he was a one-time United States Champion . He is also known for his stint with Total Nonstop Action Wrestling ( TNA ) .

neg: Richard Spence Richard Crighton Spence ( born 1957 ) is a British film director and writer . His works include The New Godzilla and Blind Justice . He is currently working at the COI as a consultant , and teaching video game taste in his spare time .

neg: Jack Steven Jack Steven ( born 28 March 1990 ) is an Australian rules footballer who plays for the St Kilda Football Club in the Australian Football League ( AFL ) .

neg: George Spence (politician) George Spence , ( October 25 , 1880 -- March 4 , 1975 ) was a Canadian provincial and federal politician .   Born in Birsay , Orkney Islands , Scotland , the son of Thomas Spence and Elizabeth Hunter , he studied electrical engineering at the Leith Academy Technical College and emigrated to Canada in 1900 to pan for gold in the Yukon . In 1903 , he moved to Austin , Manitoba where he was a farmer . In 1912 , he moved to Monchy , Saskatchewan . He was first elected to the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan in 1917 for the riding of Notukeu . A Liberal , he was re-elected in 1921 and 1925 . He resigned his provincial seat in 1925 and was elected in the 1925 federal election in the riding of Maple Creek . A Liberal , he was re-elected in the 1926 federal election . He resigned his seat in 1927 to re-enter provincial politics , where he was appointed Minister of Railways . He was also Minister of Highways , Minister of Railways , Labour and Industries , Minister of Agriculture , and Minister of Public Works . He would serve until 1938 when he was appointed Director of the Prairie Farm Rehabilitation Administration . From 1947 to 1957 , he was a member of the International Joint Commission , an independent binational organization established by the United States and Canada under the International Boundary Waters Treaty of 1909 .   In 1919 , Spence married Ivy Irene May . They had two daughters .   In 1946 he was made Commander of the Order of the British Empire and was awarded an Honorary Doctor of Law degree from the University of Saskatchewan in 1948 . In 1974 , he was inducted into the Saskatchewan Agricultural Hall of Fame .   He was the author of Survival of a Vision , published in 1967 .   Spence died in Regina at the age of 94 .

neg: Jordan Peterson Jordan Bernt Peterson ( born June 12 , 1962 ) is a Canadian clinical psychologist and professor of psychology at the University of Toronto . His main areas of study are the psychology of religious and ideological belief , and the assessment and improvement of personality and performance . He authored Maps of Meaning : The Architecture of Belief in 1999 .   Peterson grew up in Fairview , Alberta . He earned a B.A. in political science in 1982 and a B.A. in psychology in 1984 , both from the University of Alberta , and his Ph.D in clinical psychology from McGill University in 1991 . He remained at McGill University as a post-doctoral fellow for two years before moving to Massachusetts , where he worked as an assistant and associate professor in the psychology department at Harvard University . In 1997 , he moved to the University of Toronto as a full professor .   In 2016 , Peterson released a series of videos on his YouTube channel in which he criticized the Canadian government 's Bill C-16 . The videos sparked an ongoing controversy that received significant media coverage .

neg: Jordan Rhodes Jordan Luke Rhodes ( born 5 February 1990 ) is a professional footballer who plays as a striker for Championship club Sheffield Wednesday , on loan from Premier League club Middlesbrough , and the Scotland national team .   He started his career at Ipswich Town and after loan spells at Oxford United , Rochdale and Brentford he joined Huddersfield Town . In the 2011 -- 12 season , he was the top scorer in England with 36 league goals , breaking Huddersfield 's club record for most league goals scored in a season .   In August 2012 , he became English football 's most expensive player outside the top flight when he joined Blackburn Rovers for an # 8 million fee , equalling Blackburn 's record transfer fee .   Born in England , Rhodes opted to play for Scotland , for whom he had become eligible through school attendance while his father Andy Rhodes played as a goalkeeper for Scottish football clubs . Rhodes has represented Scotland at both U-21 level and as a full international .

neg: Marlon Jordan Marlon Jordan ( born August 21 , 1970 in New Orleans , Louisiana ) is an American jazz trumpeter , composer , and bandleader .

neg: Jordan McDeere Jordan McDeere is a fictional character on the United States television series Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip , played by Amanda Peet .

neg: Jordan EJ14 The Jordan EJ14 was the fourteenth Jordan Formula One car . It was used by the team to compete in the 2004 Formula One season . The car itself was not a totally new car ; instead it was a major upgrade of the previous year 's uncompetitive EJ13 . The chassis itself was modified and combined with a new aerodynamic package and more powerful Ford-badged Cosworth engine . It also had a return to a single-keel suspension layout . However , the team 's small budget meant that little or no testing of the cars was carried out , both before the season and during it . Unsurprisingly , the car was just as uncompetitive as its predecessor . The lack of speed was blamed on a lack of power coming from the Cosworth engine , which the team claimed was not the same as those being used by Jaguar , Ford 's works team .   The team had only just survived the winter break after the season , and when the EJ14 broke cover for the first time , it carried the message `` Lazarus '' , referring to the team 's resurrection from the dead . For the rest of the season the car would run with various messages of peace on the engine over . These included a dove at the 2004 Australian Grand Prix , and a picture of Ayrton Senna at the San Marino GP , to commemorate the tenth anniversary of his death . The changing images were chosen by the Bahraini government , who purchased sponsorship space on the team 's engine cover to celebrate the inaugural Bahrain Grand Prix .   It was driven by Nick Heidfeld , who was swapped with Sauber in favour of Giancarlo Fisichella and Formula 3000 driver Giorgio Pantano were the two drivers . Heidfeld was chosen for his skill , was Pantano got a drive primarily because he had sponsors who would contribute money to the team . It was expected that unemployed Jos Verstappen would take the second seat , but the deal for him to drive fell through . In Canada , Pantano was replaced by German Timo Glock , as Pantano 's backers were unable to pay for his drive in time . Glock went on to score two points in that race after both Williamses and Toyotas were disqualified for brake duct infringements . Glock would then replace Pantano for good in the final three rounds , when it became clear that Pantano would not be able to pay for his seat any longer .   Unfortunately the team 's budget was very small , which direct affected their performance . Benson and Hedges was the main sponsor , with only smaller sponsors such as Trust contributing small amounts of money to the team 's budget . A lack of testing and development , plus the need to have drivers who could pay for their seat , rather than be skilled , affected the team 's results .   The car 's performance and reliability were generally poor all year . A total of 5 points were scored all year . Heidfeld drove superbly to seventh place at Monaco , and both Jordans were promoted to 7th and 8th after the Canadian race due to multiple cars getting disqualified . However , it was still the first time in the team 's history that a top-six result had not been achieved . There were other points-scoring opportunities , but poor luck and poor reliability robbed the team of these chances . Most notably Heidfeld was running strongly at the carnage-packed US Grand Prix , and looked set for points when his engine failed . Points could also have been scored at Spa , but both drivers were involved in accidents , with Pantano out on lap 1 , and Heidfeld finishing 10th , but 5 laps down . Occasionally the Jordans were able to fight with other teams , notably Sauber , but more commonly Jaguar and Toyota . But for the most part , the EJ14s would spend their time running behind most of the field , with just the Minardis behind .   The team 's future was put into doubt late in the season when Ford announced it was withdrawing from F1 , leaving the team with no engines for the following year . For a while it appeared that the team would close immediately after the final race of the season . Only a late deal to run Toyota engines for saved the team .

neg: Jordan Marshall (footballer, born 1993) Jordan Marshall ( born 10 May 1993 ) is an English footballer who plays as a forward . He made his debut in the Football League for Darlington in April 2010 as a 16-year-old . Since then he has played non-league football for a number of Northern League clubs .

neg: Jordan McCoy Jordan Elizabeth McCoy ( born September 17 , 1991 ; Mount Vernon , Illinois ) is an American singer , guitarist , and American Juniors finalist .   After the show , she went to Los Angeles to start developing her music career and auditioned for TV and movie roles . While recording in Los Angeles , her label head ( who did Dream with Diddy ) mentioned he was in town and he wanted to hear her sing . McCoy stopped by the hotel and sang and danced for Combs . Diddy signed her to Bad Boy Records .   It has been reported by E! News that McCoy will appear on Diddy 's upcoming album We Invented the Remix Vol . 2 .  Her song `` Rockstar '' was featured on an episode of The Hills , a commercial for American Idol , and an episode of Make It or Break It . Her other song  `` Rock 'N Roll Girl '' was featured in the film PollyWorld .   McCoy has been posting videos of herself singing , while playing guitar , on her YouTube account JordanMcCoyTV every Tuesday . Some of these videos include her friends and former bandmates Imaj Thomas and Hunter Pecunia . Both Hunter and Imaj were once members of the Dream revival group , but have since left the band . McCoy 's music can be sampled on her MySpace page . McCoy 's album was never released and was dropped from Bad Boy Records . She is no longer doing music at this time . Jordan is now married to Blake Bramlett . Jordan gave birth in July 2013 to her & Blake 's first child , a daughter , Violet .

neg: Hussein, Crown Prince of Jordan Crown Prince Hussein bin Abdullah ( الحسين بن عبد الله الثاني , Al-Ḥusayn bin ʿAbdullāh aṯ-ṯānī ; born 28 June 1994 ) is the heir apparent to the throne of the Kingdom of Jordan and the eldest child of King Abdullah II and Queen Rania . He replaced his half-uncle , Prince Hamzah , as heir apparent in 2004 , and was granted the title of crown prince in 2009 . Since reaching the age of majority in 2012 , Hussein has functioned as regent on several occasions .

neg: Ralph Spence (bishop) David Ralph Spence , is a retired Canadian Anglican bishop .   Spence was born on 10 March 1942 in Hamilton , Ontario . He received a B.A. degree from McMaster University , Hamilton in 1964 and a L.Th . from Wycliffe College , Toronto in 1968 . He was ordained a deacon on 5 May 1968 and then a priest on 1 December 1968 by Bishop Walter Bagnall . Spence was an assistant curate at St. George 's Guelph ( 1968-1970 ) and then the rector of St. Bartholomew 's Hamilton ( 1970 -1974 ) . After further incumbencies at St. John 's Thorold ( 1975-1982 ) and St. Luke 's Burlington ( 1982-1997 ) he became the Archdeacon of Trafalgar in 1992 until his consecration to the episcopate as Bishop of Niagara on 21 September 1997 at Christ 's Church Cathedral . He was installed at that same cathedral as the tenth Bishop of Niagara on 11 January 1998 and he retired on 29 February 2008 .   In 2008 , Spence became the Chancellor of Renison University College , Waterloo , serving until 2016 .


query: Game of thrones has received many awards.

pos: Game of Thrones Game of Thrones is an American fantasy drama television series created by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss . It is an adaptation of A Song of Ice and Fire , George R. R. Martin 's series of fantasy novels , the first of which is A Game of Thrones . It is filmed at Titanic Studios in Belfast , on location in the United Kingdom , and in Canada , Croatia , Iceland , Malta , Morocco , Spain , and the United States . The series premiered on HBO in the United States on April 17 , 2011 , and its sixth season ended on June 26 , 2016 . The series was renewed for a seventh season , which is scheduled to premiere on July 16 , 2017 , and will conclude with its eighth season in 2018 .   Set on the fictional continents of Westeros and Essos , Game of Thrones has several plot lines and a large ensemble cast . The first story arc follows a dynastic conflict among competing claimants for succession to the Iron Throne of the Seven Kingdoms , with other noble families fighting for independence from the throne . The second covers attempts to reclaim the throne by the exiled last scion of the realm 's deposed ruling dynasty ; the third chronicles the threat of the impending winter and the legendary creatures and fierce peoples of the North .   Game of Thrones has attracted record viewership on HBO and has a broad , active , international fan base . It has been acclaimed by critics , particularly for its acting , complex characters , story , scope , and production values , although its frequent use of nudity and violence ( including sexual violence ) has attracted criticism . The series has received 38 Primetime Emmy Awards , including Outstanding Drama Series in 2015 and 2016 , more than any other primetime scripted television series . Its other awards and nominations include three Hugo Awards for Best Dramatic Presentation ( 2012 -- 2014 ) , a 2011 Peabody Award , and four nominations for the Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series -- Drama ( 2012 and 2015 -- 2017 ) . Of the ensemble cast , Peter Dinklage has won two Primetime Emmy Awards for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series ( 2011 and 2015 ) and the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor -- Series , Miniseries or Television Film ( 2012 ) for his performance as Tyrion Lannister . Lena Headey , Emilia Clarke , Kit Harington , Maisie Williams , Diana Rigg , and Max von Sydow have also received Primetime Emmy Award nominations for their performances in the series .

neg: List of awards won by The New York Times The New York Times has won many awards . This list is up to date as of February 2017 .

neg: 78th Academy Awards The 78th Academy Awards ceremony , presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS ) , took place on March 5 , 2006 , at the Kodak Theatre in Hollywood , Los Angeles beginning at 5:00 p.m. PST / 8:00 p.m. EST. . The ceremony was scheduled one week later than usual to avoid conflicting with the 2006 Winter Olympics . During the ceremony , AMPAS presented Academy Awards ( commonly referred to as Oscars ) in 24 categories honoring films released in 2005 . The ceremony , televised in the United States by ABC , was produced by Gil Cates and directed by Louis J. Horvitz . Actor Jon Stewart hosted the show for the first time . Two weeks earlier in a ceremony at The Beverly Hilton in Beverly Hills , California held on February 18 , the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Rachel McAdams .   Crash won three awards including Academy Award for Best Picture . Other winners included Brokeback Mountain , King Kong , and Memoirs of a Geisha also with three awards apiece , and Capote , The Chronicles of Narnia : The Lion , the Witch and the Wardrobe , The Constant Gardener , Hustle and Flow , March of the Penguins , The Moon and the Son : An Imagined Conversation , A Note of Triumph : The Golden Age of Norman Corwin , Six Shooter , Syriana , Tsotsi , Walk the Line , and Wallace & Gromit : The Curse of the Were-Rabbit with one each . The telecast garnered nearly 39 million viewers in the United States .

neg: Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Picture Editing for a Nonfiction Program The Primetime Emmy Award for Picture Editing for a Nonfiction Program is awarded to one television documentary or nonfiction series each year .   Prior to 2006 , nonfiction and reality programs competed together until the Outstanding Picture Editing for Reality Programming category was created .   In the following list , the first titles listed in gold are the winners ; those not in gold are nominees , which are listed in alphabetical order . The years given are those in which the ceremonies took place .   __ TOC __

neg: List of Game of the Year awards Game of the Year ( abbreviated GotY ) is a title awarded by various gaming publications to a deserving game . Many publications award a single `` Game of the Year '' to a single title that they feel represents the pinnacle of gaming achievement that year . Many games will release a `` Game of the Year '' edition after winning any of these awards , usually containing all the updates , downloadable content ( DLC ) and occasionally other extras such as a soundtrack .

neg: BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language The BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . The award was first given at the 36th British Academy Film Awards , recognising the films of 1982 , and until 1990 was known as the BAFTA Award for Best Foreign Film . Prior to this , films recorded in a language other than English were often recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best Film , known between 1949 and 1969 as Best Film from any Source .   In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .

neg: David Nutter David Nutter ( born 1960 ) is an American television and film director and television producer . He is best known for directing pilot episodes for television . In 2015 , he received a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing for a Drama Series , for his work on the HBO series , Game of Thrones .

neg: List of awards and nominations received by Star Trek: Deep Space Nine The following is the list of awards and nominations received by the American science fiction television series Star Trek : Deep Space Nine .

neg: List of awards and nominations received by Star Trek: The Next Generation Star Trek : The Next Generation is an American science fiction television program that originally aired from September 1987 to May 1994 . It won and was nominated for a variety of awards , including seven Emmy Award nominations for the first season , and a further eight in its second season . It would go on to be nominated a total of 58 times , of which it won a total of nineteen awards . Only one of these nominations was not for a Creative Arts Emmy , which was the nomination for Outstanding Drama Series for the show 's seventh season .   Cast member Wil Wheaton was nominated on three occasions for a Youth in Film Award , which he won in 1989 . Further nominations were received by guest actors Kimberly Cullum and Gabriel Damon at the 16th Youth in Film Awards in 1995 . The only other nomination for a single actor was the Screen Actors Guild Award received by Patrick Stewart for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Drama Series in the award 's inaugural session in 1995 .   As of January 1 , 2013 , Star Trek : The Next Generation has been nominated for 85 different awards , of which it has won 31 . Despite the series ending in 1994 , it has continued to win awards in special recognition of the series , and for the DVD releases . In this list , `` year '' refers to the year the award was presented to the winner .

neg: Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Comedy Series This is a list of winners and nominees of the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Comedy Series . This award and Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Drama Series replaced Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Series in 2003 .   As of 2015 , no show has won this award more than once except for The Office , which has won twice ( 2007 and 2013 ) .   In the following list , the first titles listed in gold and bold are the winners ; those not in gold are nominees , which are listed in alphabetical order . The years given are those in which the ceremonies took place :   __ TOC __

neg: Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Casting for a Drama Series This is a list of the winners and nominations for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Casting for a Drama Series .

neg: Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Music Direction The Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Music Direction is awarded to one television series or special each year .   In the following list , the first titles listed in gold are the winners ; those not in gold are nominees , which are listed in alphabetical order . The years given are those in which the ceremonies took place .   __ TOC __

neg: Game of Thrones (season 6) The sixth season of the fantasy drama television series Game of Thrones premiered on HBO on April 24 , 2016 , and concluded on June 26 , 2016 . It consists of ten episodes , each of approximately 50 -- 60 minutes , largely of original content not found in George R. R. Martin 's A Song of Ice and Fire series . Some material is adapted from the upcoming sixth novel The Winds of Winter and the fourth and fifth novels , A Feast for Crows and A Dance with Dragons . The series was adapted for television by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss . HBO ordered the season on April 8 , 2014 , together with the fifth season , which began filming in July 2015 primarily in Northern Ireland , Spain , Croatia , Iceland and Canada . Each episode cost over $ 10 million .   The season follows the continuing struggle between the Starks and other noble families of Westeros for the Iron Throne . The Starks defeat the Bolton forces in battle , and Jon Snow is proclaimed the King in the North . Tyrion attempts to rule Meereen while Daenerys is held captive by a Dothraki tribe . At King 's Landing , the Tyrell army attempts to liberate Margaery and Loras , but Margaery capitulates to the High Sparrow , who becomes more powerful by influencing King Tommen . At her trial , Cersei burns the Great Sept , killing her rivals , while Tommen kills himself . Unopposed , Cersei is crowned Queen of Westeros . Ellaria Sand and three of Oberyn Martell 's daughters kill Doran and Trystane Martell and seize control of Dorne , and Olenna discusses an alliance with Ellaria . In Essos , Daenerys Targaryen is captured by Khal Moro who takes her before the khals ; she burns them alive and takes command of the Dothraki .   Game of Thrones features a large ensemble cast , including Peter Dinklage , Nikolaj Coster-Waldau , Lena Headey , Emilia Clarke and Kit Harington . The season introduced new cast members , including Max von Sydow , Pilou Asbæk and James Faulkner .   Critics praised its production values , writing , plot development , and cast . Game of Thrones received most nominations for the 68th Primetime Emmy Awards , with 23 nominations , and won twelve , including that for Outstanding Drama Series for the second year in a row . U.S. viewership rose compared to the previous season , and by approximately 13 % over its course , from 7.9 million to 8.9 million by the finale .

neg: The Climb (Game of Thrones) `` The Climb '' is the sixth episode of the third season of HBO 's fantasy television series Game of Thrones , and the 26th episode of the series . Directed by Alik Sakharov and written by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss , it aired on May 5 , 2013 .   The episode 's title comes from climbing of the wall by Jon Snow and Ygritte , and also the references from dialogue between Lord Petyr Baelish and Lord Varys .

neg: List of awards and nominations received by Cheers Cheers is an American situation comedy . It has won and been nominated for a variety of different awards , including 13 Emmy Award nominations for its first season alone , the most nominations a comedy series had ever received at that time . The show went on to receive a total of 179 Primetime Emmy nominations , winning a total of 28 over the course of its eleven seasons .

neg: Laurence Olivier Award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role in a Musical The Laurence Olivier Award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role in a Musical is an annual award presented by The Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in commercial British theatre . The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976 , and , renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor Lord Olivier . The Olivier Awards are the most prestigious theatrical awards in the United Kingdom and are the UK equivalent of the Tony Awards .   Until 2015 , the Olivier Awards did not honour supporting musical performances separately and was therefore a unisex category , honouring both male and female actors . Starting with the 2015 ceremony , the awards have been separated into Best Actor in a Supporting Role in a Musical and Best Actress in a Supporting Role in a Musical

neg: Game of Thrones (2014 video game) Game of Thrones is an episodic graphic adventure fantasy drama video game based on Game of Thrones , the TV adaptation of George R. R. Martin A Song of Ice and Fire fantasy series , released in December 2014 for Android , iOS , Microsoft Windows , OS X , PlayStation 3 , PlayStation 4 , Xbox 360 , and Xbox One .   The game was developed by Telltale Games and follows the episodic format found in other Telltale titles , such as The Walking Dead , The Wolf Among Us , and Tales from the Borderlands , where player choices and actions influence later events across the 6-episode arc . The story revolves around the northern House Forrester , rulers of Ironrath , whose members , including the five playable characters , attempt to save their family and themselves after ending up on the losing side of the War of the Five Kings . The game includes settings , characters and voice actors from the novels and TV series .   The game was generally well received , and Telltale is currently working on a second season of the game .

neg: Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy The Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture -- Musical or Comedy has been awarded annually since 1952 by the Hollywood Foreign Press Association ( HFPA ) .

neg: BAFTA Award for Best Film The BAFTA Award for Best Film is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . It has been given since the 1st BAFTA Awards , representing the best films of 1947 , but until 1969 it was called the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source . It is possible for films from any country to be nominated , although British films are also recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best British Film and ( since 1983 ) foreign-language films in BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language . As such , there have been multiple occasions of a film being nominated in two of these categories .   There has been one tie for the Best Film award when , in 1962 , Ballad of a Soldier tied with The Hustler for Best Film from any Source . Until 1981 , the award was given to the director , except in 1976 and 1977 , when it was given to the producers . From 1981 to 1985 , it was given solely to the producers , and then in 1986 , it was shared between the Director and Producer . In 1998 , it was once again given to only the producers .   In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .

neg: Houston Film Critics Society Awards 2010 The 4th Houston Film Critics Society Awards were presented on December 18 , 2010 . These awards for `` extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Houston Film Critics Society ( HFCS ) based in Houston , Texas . The organization , founded in 2007 , includes 22 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications in the greater Houston area . The awards are co-sponsored by the Houston Film Commission , Southwest Alternate Media Project , Women in Film and Television/Houston , WorldFest , and the Houston Cinema Arts Society .   The nominations for the 2010 awards were announced on December 12 , 2010 . Eligible films do not need to have played or opened in a Houston film theater prior to the nomination deadline , merely made available to the HFCS membership at a screening or on DVD . Along with the 13 `` best of '' category awards , this year also saw the introduction of a new category for `` Worst Movies of the Year '' . The Social Network , True Grit , and 127 Hours each received six nominations , all including the Best Picture , Actor , Direction , and Original Score categories .   The Social Network was the HFCS 's most awarded film of 2010 taking top honors in the Best Picture , Best Director ( David Fincher ) , Best Actor ( Jesse Eisenberg ) , and Best Screenplay ( Aaron Sorkin ) categories . Inception was the only other film to garner multiple awards , winning both the Best Original Score ( Hans Zimmer ) and Best Cinematography ( Wally Pfister ) prizes . The other acting awards went to Natalie Portman as Best Actress for Black Swan , Hailee Steinfeld as Best Supporting Actress for True Grit , and Christian Bale as Best Supporting Actor for The Fighter . The remaining film honors went to Toy Story 3 as Best Animated Film , Restrepo as Best Documentary , and The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo as Best Foreign Language Film . `` We Are Sex Bob-Omb '' by Beck from Scott Pilgrim vs. the World was named the Best Original Song . The HFCS 's first-ever award for `` Worst Picture '' was given to Jonah Hex starring Josh Brolin .   In addition to the category awards , the HFCS presented their annual Lifetime Achievement Award to Sissy Spacek and its Humanitarian Award to George Clooney . Clooney was selected for `` selflessly using his celebrity for greater good '' . The HFCS award for Outstanding Achievement in Cinema awards were presented to Charles Dove , director of the Rice University Media Center , and Hector Luna , the founder and editor of C-47 Houston .

neg: Mhysa `` Mhysa '' is the third season finale of the American medieval epic fantasy television series Game of Thrones , and its 30th episode overall . Written by executive producers David Benioff and D. B. Weiss , and directed by David Nutter , it originally aired on on HBO in the United States .   The episode revolves on the aftermath of the events instigated by `` The Red Wedding '' : House Frey receives the Seat of Riverrun , Roose Bolton is appointed the new `` Warden of the North '' , while House Greyjoy begins a new military campaign . In the North , Maester Aemon sends out ravens to alert the whole of Westeros about the arrival of the White Walkers . And across the narrow sea , the freed slaves of Yunkai hail Daenerys as their `` mhysa '' , the Ghiscari language 's word for `` mother '' .   According to Nielsen Media Research , `` Mhysa '' was seen by 5.4 million household viewers in the United States , a twenty-eight percent increase compared to the second season finale , `` Valar Morghulis '' . After its broadcast , the episode received generally positive reviews from television critics , with some of them addressing its anti-climactic closure of the series ' third season , and its establishment of potential storylines for the fourth season , such as through the final scene 's `` glimmer of hope '' . The episode received a nomination for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Cinematography for a Single-Camera Series at the 65th Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards .