query: Heikegani is nicknamed Samurai Warrior.

pos: Heikegani is a species of crab native to Japan , with a shell that bears a pattern resembling a human face which many believed to be the face of an angry samurai hence the nickname Samurai Crab . It is locally believed that these crabs are reincarnations of the spirits of the Heike warriors defeated at the Battle of Dan-no-ura as told in The Tale of the Heike .

neg: Yamabushi ( one who prostrates himself on the mountain ) are Japanese mountain ascetic hermits who , according to a traditional Japanese mysticism , are believed to be endowed with supernatural powers . They follow the Shugendō doctrine , an integration of mainly esoteric Buddhism of the Shingon sect , with Tendai Buddhist , Taoism , and elements of Shinto . For the most part solitary , they did form loose confederations , and associations with certain temples , and also participated in battles and skirmishes alongside samurai and sōhei warrior monks on certain occasions . Their origins can be traced back to the solitary Yama-bito and some hijiri of the eighth and ninth centuries . There has also been cross-teaching with samurai weaponry and Yamabushi 's spiritual approach to life and fighting .   In modern use , the term ubasoku-yamabushi refers to laymen practitioners of shugendō . The religion places a heavy emphasis on asceticism and feats of endurance , and white and saffron-robed yamabushi toting a horagai conch-shell trumpet are still a common sight near the shugendō holy site of Dewa Sanzan and in the sacred mountains of Kumano and Omine .

neg: Shohei Matsunaga is a Japanese football player . He currently plays for the Indonesian side Persib Bandung.He is nicknamed by Persib fans as Samurai Matsunaga because of his samurai-like playing spirit .

neg: Aisu Iko Aisu Iko , a.k.a. Aizu Hyūga-no-Kami Iko , Aisu Hisatada ( 1452 - 1538 ) was a Japanese martial artist and the founder of the Kage-ryū school of sword fighting .   Aisu was originally a pirate based in Kumano , who raided Japanese and Chinses shipping and whose travels took him on occasion as far as the Chinese mainland . After suffering a severe shipwreck off Kyushu , of which he was the only survivor , Aisu abandoned his life as a pirate and entered into seclusion at the Udo caves in Miyazaki Prefecture . Here her purportedly had a dream in which a monkey deity taught him the secrets of swordsmanship . He named the new style he developed the Kage ( `` Shadow '' ) School , which based its movements on natural phenomena such as wind and waves . Aisu 's student , Kamiizumi Nobutsuna , ( who also studied with Iko 's son Aisu Koshichiro ) would later adapt this style into the Shinkage ( `` New Shadow '' ) school .   After travelling throughout Japan on a martial pilgrimage for some years , Aisu returned to Kyushu , where he died of natural causes .

neg: Sasaki Hideyoshi was a samurai member of the Minamoto clan , who fought in the Hōgen and Heiji Rebellions and in the Genpei War . He was the adopted son of Minamoto no Tameyoshi since age thirteen .   Sasaki fought under Minamoto no Yoshitomo in the Hōgen Rebellion ( 1156 ) , aiding in the siege of the Shirakawa palace . Three years later , he fought for the Minamoto again in the Heiji Rebellion , incurring the ire of the rival Taira clan .   By the time of the Genpei War , the all-out civil war between the Minamoto and the Taira , Hideyoshi had lost his hereditary estate in Ōmi Province as a result of the displeasure of the Taira . He set out to appeal to his uncle , Fujiwara no Hidehira , for aid , but stopped in Sagami province along his way . There , he attracted the interest of a daimyo named Shibuya Shigekuni ; Hideyoshi married Shibuya 's daughter , and became heir to that land . His sons would serve Minamoto no Yoritomo , the first Kamakura shogun .

neg: Hara-Kiri: Death of a Samurai is a 2011 Japanese 3D drama film directed by Takashi Miike . It was produced by Jeremy Thomas and Toshiaki Nakazawa , who previously teamed with Miike on 2010 's 13 Assassins . The film is a 3D remake of Masaki Kobayashi 's 1962 film Harakiri .   It premiered at the 2011 Cannes Film Festival , the first 3D film to do so . The Village Voice 's Michael Atkinson praised it describing it as `` a melodramatic deepening and a grisly doubling-down of Kobayashi 's great original . '' Composer and pop star Ryuichi Sakamoto wrote the original score .

neg: Historiography of Japan The historiography of Japan is the study of methods and hypotheses formulated in the study and literature of the History of Japan .   The earliest work of Japanese history is attributed to Prince Shōtoku , who is said to have written the Tennōki and the Kokki in 620CE . The earliest extant work is the Kojiki of 712 . The Nihon Shoki followed by 720 . These two works formed the base of a history of the nation based in great part on Japanese mythology , in particular that of the Shinto religion . The works were inspired by Chinese historiography and were compiled with the support of the Japanese state . Five more works between 797 and 901 completed what had begun with the Nihon Shoki ; the six are known as the Rikkokushi ( `` six national histories '' ) .   An abandonment of Chinese inspiration and state support marks the historiographical writings of the period from the 9th to 16th centuries . A great number of historical tales called rekishi monogatari and war tales called gunki monogatari appeared , and works such as the shikyō `` four mirrors '' of the 12th to 14th centuries and The Tale of the Heike of 1371 enjoyed widespread popularity . Other art forms such as Noh theatre and emaki scrolls added to these written works .   Neo-Confucian schools became preeminent at the beginning of the Edo period ( 1603 -- 1868 ) . They brought a methodology very critical of works such as the Kojiki , but did not contradict the Mandate of Heaven . The most prominent representatives of this are the Hayashi clan and the Mitogaku school . The nativist kokugaku school , inspired by Shinto , returned in the 18th century , driven by the work of Motoori Norinaga . It opposed the Neo-Confucians by seeking to demonstrate the veracity of Shinto mythology , especially of the Age of the Gods and the early emperors , whose existence is doubted .   Japanese historiography opened to Western influences at the end of the 18th century . Rangaku ( `` Dutch learning '' ) , translations of European works in the mid-19th century , and then the introduction of German historiography of Ludwig Riess in 1887 brought new analytical tools to the various Japanese schools of history . During the period of the Empire of Japan ( 1868 -- 1947 ) , historians questioned , at the peril of their academic freedom , one of the ideological foundations of the new regime : the place of national myths in the national history .   Marxist ideas were introduced in the 1920s and renewed in the post-World War II period with the work of . Themes and research diversified from the 1970s , soon accompanied by a resurgeance of conservative and nationalist approaches .

neg: Manga Sarutobi Sasuke is a 24-episode anime series about the young Sarutobi Sasuke , a legendary ninja . It was first aired from October 9 , 1979 , to April 29 , 1980 on Tokyo 12 Channel ( now TV Tokyo ) , and was later dubbed in several languages . The whole 24-episode run was aired in many European and Arabic countries .   It is best known to the American fans as Ninja , The Wonder Boy : a highly edited , highly condensed feature-length version of this series . This version , dubbed in English , was produced by Jim Terry Productions of Force Five fame . The names of several characters were changed , with Sarutobi Sasuke becoming `` Duke Hayakawa '' , his female companion Sakura being changed to `` Blossom '' , and the villain Devilman became `` Dragon . ''

neg: Sakai clan The was a Japanese samurai clan that claimed descent from the Nitta branch of the Minamoto clan , who were in turn descendants of Emperor Seiwa . Serata ( Nitta ) Arichika , a samurai of the 14th century , was the common ancestor of both the Sakai clan and the Matsudaira clan , which the Sakai later served . In the Sengoku period , under Tokugawa Ieyasu ( who was the head of what was formerly the main Matsudaira family line ) , the Sakai became chief retainers . In the Edo period , because of their longstanding service to the Tokugawa clan , the Sakai were classified as a fudai family , in contrast with the tozama ( `` outsider clans '' ) .

neg: Shinnenkai A shinnenkai ( Japanese 新年会 , literally `` new year gathering '' ) is the Japanese tradition of welcoming the arrival of the New Year , usually by the drinking of alcohol .   A shinnenkai is generally held among co-workers or friends in January .  Like the many festivals ( matsuri ) and celebrations that the Japanese are known for , a shinnenkai is their way of getting together to celebrate a new year and to make promises to each other to do their best for this year while wishing each other good luck and fortune .   A shinnenkai is similar to a bōnenkai in several ways with just a few exceptions . Both are observed by parties of friends or co-workers or sponsored by a company for their employees . Bōnenkai and shinnenkai are not part of the New Year Shogatsu celebration which lasts until the 3rd of January ; they are instead a way of ending and beginning the year through a group celebration . At a shinnenkai however , some of the Shogatsu festivities can carry over to the New Year 's party like the making of mochitsuki by pounding sweet steamed rice or kagamiwari which is the breaking open of sake barrels with a wooden hammer and drinking together .   This tradition started in the 15th century during the Muromachi period as gatherings to express one 's thanks for each other . At that time , the party was known as noukai ( great achievement gathering ) . Later on in the 18th century a new word was appearing in writings and was since then was known as a bōnenkai or year-end party and a shinnenkai is the same type of celebration .   Although the Japanese have always been a people of great feeling and emotion as in the expression mono no aware , they are more reserved in expressing their feelings to others , so the shinnenkai has been a way of showing public displays of gratitude . This is especially true for the company or business office shinnenkai where they can do bureiko or let their hair down and not worry about the boss/employee formal relationship or the rank and age divisions and have a good time .   When a business decides to have a shinnenkai they take into account several things before planning a party . Some of their concerns are to ensure that enough of the employees and management will attend . They also try to set a generalized cost of no more than 5,000 yen per person ; this is used to cover the cost of the party and to not discourage employees from attending a party that is too expensive . Some companies pay the entire cost of the party and will at times opt to not have the party at a traditional izakaya ( restaurant and drinking places where the majority of shinnenkai are held ) and instead have it on the business premises and save a lot of money in the process .   Statistically more people attend bōnenkai than shinnenkai parties . The majority of those that celebrate a shinnenkai are office co-workers rather than friends .

neg: Tokuyama Norihide ( 1544 -- December 21 , 1607 ) was a Japanese samurai of the Sengoku period through early Edo period . Born in Mino Province , he first served the Saitō clan of Mino , before submitting to Oda Nobunaga , who assigned him as a yoriki to Shibata Katsuie . After the Ikkō-ikki revolts in the Hokuriku region were subdued , Norihide was granted Matsutō Castle and a fief of 40,000 koku . Norihide sided with Shibata Katsuie in the Battle of Shizugatake ( 1583 ) , and lost . He then submitted to Toyotomi Hideyoshi and was assigned to serve under Niwa Nagahide . After the death of Nagahide , Norihide was again reassigned , this time under Maeda Toshiie . Under Maeda command , Norihide again saw action , this time at the Siege of Suemori ( 1584 ) , against the forces of Sassa Narimasa . Just before the Battle of Sekigahara ( 1600 ) , Norihide left Maeda service and became a retainer of Tokugawa Ieyasu , who gave him a stipend of 5,000 koku . Norihide thus became the founder of a family of hatamoto who served the Tokugawa clan for the entirety of the Edo period .

neg: Shūmei Shūmei ( 襲名 , `` name succession '' ) are grand naming ceremonies held in kabuki theatre . Most often , a number of actors will participate in a single ceremony , taking on new stage-names .   These stagenames , most often those of the actor 's father , grandfather , or teacher , are passed down between generations of actors ' lineages , and hold great honor and importance . Many names are associated with certain roles or acting styles , and the new possessor of each name must live up to these expectations ; there is the feeling almost of the actor not only taking a name , but embodying the spirit , style , or skill of each actor to previously hold that name . Many actors will go through at least three names over the course of their career , their participation in a shūmei representing their passage into a new chapter of their performing career .   The shūmei usually is followed by a performance significant to the actors ' new names ; these might involve larger parts , a new play , or roles traditional for actors with those names . For example , the stagename of Ichikawa Danjūrō is strongly associated with the role of the hero in the Shibaraku scene . Many of the twelve men to be called Ichikawa Danjūrō have excelled at this role , and so upon becoming the next Ichikawa Danjūrō , an actor may perform that role , which he never would have as a younger , less experienced actor with a different stagename .

neg: Kamikaze (typhoon) The were two winds or storms that are said to have saved Japan from two Mongol fleets under Kublai Khan . These fleets attacked Japan in 1274 and again in 1281 . Due to the growth of Zen Buddhism among Samurai at the time , these were the first events where the typhoons were described as `` divine wind '' as much by their timing as by their force . Since Man ` yōshū , the word kamikaze has been used as a Makurakotoba of waka introducing Ise Grand Shrine .

neg: Hatamoto A was a samurai in the direct service of the Tokugawa shogunate of feudal Japan . While all three of the shogunates in Japanese history had official retainers , in the two preceding ones , they were referred to as gokenin . However , in the Edo period , hatamoto were the upper vassals of the Tokugawa house , and the gokenin were the lower vassals . There was no precise difference between the two in terms of income level , but hatamoto had the right to an audience with the shogun , whereas gokenin did not . The word hatamoto literally means `` at the base of the flag '' , and is often translated into English as `` bannerman '' . Another term for the Edo-era hatamoto was , sometimes rendered as `` direct Shogunal hatamoto '' , which serves to illustrate the difference between them and the preceding generation of hatamoto who served various lords .

neg: Hōjō Akinokami was a member of the Japanese clan of Hōjō during the Edo period ( 17th century ) of Japan , and kami ( a post akin to governor ) of Aki province . It is thought that Akinokami and the famous Miyamoto Musashi were very close friends , or in a mutual discipleship . Throughout their many discussions together , Akinokami taught Musashi the ways of military strategy while the latter taught Akinokami of strategy reflecting individuality . However , this information is not truly well known because Akinokami would have been twenty-four years younger than Musashi , if born in the year 1608 . If this discipleship was true , it is thought that Musashi looked at Akinokami as a master through the ways of politeness in view of the high position that Akinokami held . Doubts have also arisen through the fact that Musashi would have had his art of strategy complete by the age of fifty , and is therefore almost inconceivable that Akinokami could have been his teacher on the ways of strategy .

neg: Siege of Nara Following the 1180 Battle of Uji , in which Minamoto no Yorimasa fought a small Taira army with the help of monks from the Mii-dera and other temples , the victorious Taira sought revenge . They burned the Miidera temple , before moving on to Nara , where they `` set fire to the monastic complexes of Kōfuku-ji and Tōdai-ji . ''   The Taira were opposed by warrior monks from nearly every major monastery and temple in Nara . Taira no Shigehira and Tomomori , both sons of Kiyomori , head of the clan , commanded the siege .   The monks dug ditches in the roads , and build many forms of improvised defenses . They fought primarily with bow & arrow , and naginata , while the Taira were on horseback , giving them a great advantage . Despite the monks ' superior numbers , and their strategic defenses , their enemy succeeded in destroying nearly every temple in the city , including the Kōfuku-ji and Tōdai-ji . Only the Shōsōin survived .   The ` Heike Monogatari ' laments the destruction the Tōdai-ji 's Daibutsu ( Great Buddha statue ) :   In all , 3,500 people died in the burning of Nara .

neg: The Tale of Heiji is a Japanese war epic ( gunki monogatari ) detailing the events of the Heiji Rebellion of 1159-1160 , in which samurai clan head Minamoto no Yoshitomo attacked and besieged Kyoto , as part of an Imperial succession dispute , in which he was opposed by Taira no Kiyomori , head of the Taira clan . The Tale , like most monogatari exists in three main forms : written , oral , and painted .   The original text is sometimes attributed to Hamuro Tokinaga , and is written in 36 chapters . As is the case with most other monogatari , the text has been rewritten and revised many times over the years , and developed into an oral tradition as well . Most often , the Tale of Heiji would be chanted as a continuation of the Tale of Hōgen , which relates the events of the closely related Hōgen Rebellion .   The picture scroll version of the tale , called Heiji monogatari emaki or Heiji monogatari ekotoba , dates to the 13th century . It tells the tale in color on paper , on five scrolls . Each scroll begins and ends with a written portion of the tale , describing the events depicted in a single continuous painting across the length of the scroll . Perhaps the most famous scene of these five scrolls is the burning of the Night Attack on the Sanjō Palace . The emaki scrolls are currently housed in the Museum of Fine Arts , Boston in Boston , Massachusetts .

neg: Daidōji Yūzan was a samurai and military strategist of Edo period Japan . He was born in Fushimi in Yamashiro Province ( present-day Fushimi-ku , Kyoto ) . Among the works he wrote in his late years was the widely circulated , an introduction to bushidō that was influential among middle - and lower-class samurai . It is available in an English translation by William Scott Wilson as Budoshoshinshu : The Warrior 's Primer .   Yūzan was the son of Daidōji Shigehisa , the grandson of Daidōji Naoshige and the great-grandson of Daidōji Masashige , an important advisor to the Late Hōjō clan . Shigehisa had been a samurai in the service of Matsudaira Tadateru , daimyo of the Echigo Takada fief , but became a ronin in 1619 when Tadateru was dismissed from service . Yūzan studied the arts of war in Edo under Obata Kagenori , Hōjō Ujinaga , Yamaga Sokō and others . He then lectured on the subject as a guest of the Asano at the Hiroshima fief , the Matsudaira clan at the Aizu fief , the Matsudaira clan at the Fukui fief , and elsewhere in Japan .   Yūzan 's son Daidōji Shigetaka became a retainer of the Fukui fief with a stipend of 300 koku .

neg: Siege of Odawara (1590) The third occurred in 1590 , and was the primary action in Toyotomi Hideyoshi 's campaign to eliminate the Hōjō clan as a threat to his power . The months leading up to it saw hasty but major improvements in the defense of the castle , as Hideyoshi 's intentions became clear . Thus , despite the overwhelming force brought to bear by Hideyoshi , the siege saw little actual fighting .   The massive army of Toyotomi Hideyoshi surrounded the castle in what has been called `` the most unconventional siege lines in samurai history . '' The samurai were entertained by everything : from concubines , prostitutes and musicians to acrobats , fire-eaters , and jugglers . The defenders slept on the ramparts with their arquebuses and armor ; despite their smaller numbers , they discouraged Hideyoshi from attacking . So , for the most part , this siege consisted of traditional starvation tactics . Only a few small skirmishes erupted around the castle , as when a group of miners from Kai Province dug under the castle walls , allowing men under Ii Naomasa to enter .   After three months , the Hōjō surrendered , facing overwhelming numbers and , presumably , an impending shortage of food and supplies . Tokugawa Ieyasu , one of Hideyoshi 's top generals , was given the Hōjō lands . Though Hideyoshi could not have guessed it at the time , this would turn out to be a great stepping-stone towards Tokugawa 's attempts at conquest and the office of Shogun .   In addition to taking Odawara Castle , Hideyoshi also defeated the Hōjō at their outposts at Hachiōji , Yorii , and Shizuoka in and near the southwestern part of the Kantō region . The Chiba , allies of the Hōjō in Shimōsa , also saw Sakura Castle fall to Honda Tadakatsu and Sakai Ietsugu of the Tokugawa army during the campaign . Chiba Shigetane , daimyō of the Chiba , surrendered the castle to the besieging forces on the condition that his clan would not be abolished . While the Chiba were consequently divested of all of their holdings , many of their senior members were taken into service by Tokugawa retainer Ii Naomasa , thanks to aid he had received many years earlier from the clan during the occupation of Takeda Katsuyori 's Tsutsujigasaki castle .

neg: O-mikuji are random fortunes written on strips of paper at Shinto shrines and Buddhist temples in Japan . Literally `` sacred lot '' , these are usually received by making a small offering ( generally a five-yen coin as it is considered good luck ) and randomly choosing one from a box , hoping for the resulting fortune to be good . coin-slot machines sometimes dispense o-mikuji .   The o-mikuji is scrolled up or folded , and unrolling the piece of paper reveals the fortune written on it . It includes a general blessing which can be any one of the following :   Great blessing ( dai-kichi , 大吉 )  Middle blessing ( chū-kichi , 中吉 )  Small blessing ( shō-kichi , 小吉 )  Blessing ( kichi , 吉 )  Half-blessing ( han-kichi , 半吉 )  Ending blessing ( sue-kichi , 末吉 )  Ending small blessing ( sue-shō-kichi , 末小吉 )  Curse ( kyō , 凶 )  Small curse ( shō-kyō , 小凶 )  Half-curse ( han-kyō , 半凶 )  Ending curse ( sue-kyō , 末凶 )  Great curse ( dai-kyō , 大凶 )  It then lists fortunes regarding specific aspects of one 's life , which may include any number of the following among other possible combinations :   方角 ( hōgaku ) - auspicious/inauspicious directions ( see feng shui )  願事 ( negaigoto ) -- one 's wish or desire  待人 ( machibito ) -- a person being waited for  失せ物 ( usemono ) -- lost article ( s )  旅立ち ( tabidachi ) -- travel  商い ( akinai ) -- business dealings  学問 ( gakumon ) -- studies or learning  相場 ( sōba ) -- market speculation  争事 ( arasoigoto ) -- disputes  恋愛 ( ren ` ai ) -- romantic relationships  転居 ( tenkyo ) -- moving or changing residence  出産 ( shussan ) -- childbirth , delivery  病気 ( byōki ) -- illness  縁談 ( endan ) -- marriage proposal or engagement   The o-mikuji predicts the person 's chances of his or her hopes coming true , of finding a good match , or generally matters of health , fortune , life , etc. . When the prediction is bad , it is a custom to fold up the strip of paper and attach it to a pine tree or a wall of metal wires alongside other bad fortunes in the temple or shrine grounds . A purported reason for this custom is a pun on the word for pine tree ( 松 matsu ) and the verb ` to wait ' ( 待つ matsu ) , the idea being that the bad luck will wait by the tree rather than attach itself to the bearer . In the event of the fortune being good , the bearer has two options : he or she can also tie it to the tree or wires so that the fortune has a greater effect or he or she can keep it for luck . O-mikuji are available at most shrines , and remain one of the traditional activities related to shrine-going .   Compare perhaps the custom of writing a prayer on a specially-prepared wooden block called an ema , which is then tied to an ad hoc scaffold .

neg: Mirai Ninja (video game) , fully named as , is a beat 'em up arcade game , released by Namco in 1988 exclusively in Japan . Mirai Ninja was based on the Japanese live-action film of the same name , which was also produced by Namco . The game runs on Namco System 2 hardware , and was the first game from the company to be based on a film .   Character designs and directing of the film were done by Keita Amemiya of Zeiram and Kamen Rider fame . Both the game and the movie were released in the same year . Although the arcade game was only released in Japan , the movie was released straight-to-video overseas by Orion Pictures , under the two titles of Cyber Ninja in the United States , and Warlord in Canada .   In both the film and the arcade game a man 's body and soul are stolen and used as part of a demon 's castle . What 's left becomes a cyber-ninja named Shiranui . The player controls Mirai Ninja , who must fight various enemies and bosses by rapidly throwing shurikens at them ( and slashing them with his sword at close range ) . His life meter uses Kanji for the numbers ; this was previously done in Namco 's earlier Japan-only title , Genpei Tōma Den ( 1986 ) , for the score display . The penultimate stage , `` Castle Kurosagi '' , also only has one way out of it .   Four 7 '' -8 '' tall action figures were released by Amemiya 's own Crowd , Inc. , in 2000 . Two were Shōki figures ( one was bone-colored and the other one was a red repaint ) . The other two were Shiranui figures ( one was black , and the other one was a black and silver repaint ) .


query: Songwriting is an act performed by Shania Twain.

pos: Any Man of Mine `` Any Man of Mine '' is a song co-written and recorded by Canadian country music artist Shania Twain . It was released in April 1995 as the second single from her album The Woman in Me . The song was written by Robert John `` Mutt '' Lange and Twain . The song became Twain 's first number one hit at country radio , as well her first crossover hit after it cracked the top 40 on the pop charts . It was released to radio in April 1995 , and topped the charts for two weeks in July . `` Any Man of Mine '' was released to European markets but due to its country sound , it did n't make much of an impact . The song was later included in Twain 's 2004 Greatest Hits package .   `` Any Man of Mine '' also proved to be a critical success , it was nominated for both Best Country Song and Best Female Country Vocal Performance at the 1996 Grammy Awards . It won Single of the Year at both the Canadian Country Music Awards and Country Music Radio Awards in 1995 . It also won Country Single of the Year at the 1996 Jukebox Awards and Song of the Year at the 1996 RPM Big Country Music Awards . This song is used in the Rock Band Country Track Pack , and has been confirmed as upcoming downloadable content for the Rock Band series .

pos: Shania Twain Shania Twain , OC ( -LSB- ʃəˈnaɪ.ə _ ˈtweɪn -RSB- born Eilleen Regina Edwards ; August 28 , 1965 ) is a Canadian singer and songwriter . Twain has sold over 85 million records , making her the best-selling female artist in the history of country music and one of the best-selling music artists of all time . Her success garnered her several honorific titles including the `` Queen of Country Pop '' .   Twain 's second album , 1995 's The Woman in Me , brought her widespread success selling 20 million copies worldwide , spawning hits such as `` Any Man of Mine '' and earning her a Grammy Award . Twain 's third album , Come On Over , became the best-selling studio album of all time by a female act in any genre and the best-selling country album , selling around 40 million copies worldwide . Come On Over produced several singles , including `` You 're Still the One '' , `` From This Moment On '' and `` Man ! I Feel Like a Woman ! '' , and earned Twain four Grammy Awards . Her fourth and latest studio album , Up ! , was released in 2002 and , like her previous two albums , was also certified Diamond in the U.S. , spawning hits like `` I 'm Gon na Getcha Good ! '' and `` Forever and for Always '' .   Twain has received five Grammy Awards , 27 BMI Songwriter awards , stars on Canada 's Walk of Fame and the Hollywood Walk of Fame , and an induction into the Canadian Music Hall of Fame . She is the only female artist in history to have three consecutive albums certified Diamond by the RIAA . Altogether , Twain is ranked as the 10th best-selling artist of the Nielsen SoundScan era .   In 2004 , Twain retired from performing and retreated to her home in Switzerland . In her 2011 autobiography , she cited a weakening singing voice as the reason for not performing publicly . When both her singing and speaking were affected , Twain consulted the Vanderbilt Dayani Center in Nashville . Specialists discovered lesions on her vocal cords and diagnosed her with dysphonia , all treatable with careful rehabilitation . In 2012 , Twain returned to the concert stage in her critically acclaimed show Still the One , exclusively at The Colosseum at Caesars Palace . In 2015 , Twain returned to the road for what she has billed as her farewell tour . The Rock This Country tour kicked off on June 5 , 2015 in Seattle , Washington and originally concluded in Fresno , California on August 23 but was extended to include additional dates and ended October 27 , 2015 in Kelowna , British Columbia , Canada .

pos: From This Moment On (Shania Twain song) `` From This Moment On '' is a song by Canadian recording artist , Shania Twain , that appeared on the album , Come On Over ( 1997 ) . The song was written by Twain , and additional production and songwriting was performed by Robert John `` Mutt '' Lange . `` From This Moment On '' has been performed on every tour by Twain since its release on 14 March 1998 in North America and Oceania .   `` From This Moment On '' is a country pop track that received generally favorable reviews from music critics , who deemed the song as one of the highlights on the album . The song achieved moderate commercial success , reaching the Top 10 in Australia , Canada , United Kingdom , and United States . The song charted in France , Netherlands , New Zealand , and Sweden , as well on several Billboard component charts .   An accompanying music video , directed by Paul Boyd , depicts Twain walking down a hallway alone in a beautiful dress , and then toward the end of the video , she appears with a symphony orchestra to perform the remainder of the song .

pos: Man! I Feel Like a Woman! `` Man ! I Feel Like a Woman ! '' is a song recorded by Canadian singer-songwriter Shania Twain taken from her third studio album , Come On Over ( 1997 ) . Written by Twain with her longtime collaborator and then-husband Robert John `` Mutt '' Lange , who also produced the track , the song was released first to North American country radio stations in March 1999 as the seventh single from the album , and later it was released worldwide in September 1999 . `` Man ! I Feel Like a Woman ! '' is a country pop song with lyrics about female empowerment .   The song received generally favorable reviews from music critics , who praised the song 's attitude and hook as well as Twain 's vocals . Commercially , the song was also successful , reaching the top-ten in six countries , while reaching the top-twenty in Canada and number 23 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart . It was even more successful on the Hot Country Songs chart , reaching the top-five and was certified Gold by the RIAA for 500,000 digital downloads . The song also won a Grammy for Best Female Country Vocal Performance in 2000 .   The accompanying music video for `` Man ! I Feel Like a Woman ! '' was released on March 3 , 1999 , and it pays homage to Robert Palmer 's `` Addicted to Love '' and Tone Lōc 's `` Wild Thing '' music videos , featuring Twain dancing with buffed and blank-eyed male models . The song was the opening song on both Twain 's Come On Over Tour and the Up ! Tour as well as Twain 's headline on the Super Bowl XXXVII Halftime show . It was also used to comic effect in a 2004 Chevy Colorado TV commercial , as well as being on the soundtrack of Brazilian telenovela Laços de Família . The song was also performed by American Idol winner Carrie Underwood during the fourth season , and by Britney Spears in her first movie Crossroads ( 2002 ) .

pos: I'm Gonna Getcha Good! `` I 'm Gon na Getcha Good ! '' is a song co-written and recorded by Canadian country music singer Shania Twain . It was the first single from her album Up ! The song was written by Mutt Lange and Shania Twain . `` I 'm Gon na Getcha Good ! '' was originally released to American radio on September 23 , 2002 . Shania chose `` I 'm Gon na Getcha Good ! '' as the first single for Up ! since she felt it was relatable to past Shania singles , and she did n't want something too unfamiliar . The song has become one of her biggest hits worldwide , charting in different countries that she has never had hits in before . At the 2003 Juno Awards `` I 'm Gon na Getcha Good ! '' was named Country Recording of the Year . Later , the Jonas Brothers covered the song for the soundtrack for their film Jonas Brothers : The 3D Concert Experience .

pos: Forever and for Always `` Forever and for Always '' is a song co-written and recorded by Canadian country music singer Shania Twain and it was the third country single from her fourth studio album Up ! ( 2002 ) . The song was written by Mutt Lange and Twain . The single was released in the United States radio on April 7 , 2003 . The video debuted on Country Music Television on April 26 , 2003 . The song was also used for Febreze : Scentstories promotion , in which Twain took part . In 2006 , `` Forever and for Always '' was certified gold for 500,000 digital downloads in the U.S. by the RIAA .   `` Forever and for Always '' was nominated for two Grammy Awards in 2004 , Best Country Song and Best Female Country Vocal Performance ; however , it lost in both categories . The song was also named Song of the Year at both the 2004 BMI Country Songwriter Awards and 2004 European BMI Awards .

neg: Written In Song Written In Song is the sixteenth studio album by American country music singer and Grand Ole Opry star Jeannie Seely and her first in six years ( following 2011 's Vintage Country ) . It was released on January 13 , 2017 through Cheyenne Records . The album consists of 14 tracks that were either written or co-written by Seely with the majority of them having been previously recorded by other artists however , two songs ( `` Who Needs You '' and `` We 're Still Hangin ' In There Ai n't We Jessi '' ) were written specifically for this project .

neg: Lyrics Of Two Lyrics Of Two is a band from Los Angeles , California , United States . The band was founded by lyricist , songwriter , and sociologist Marie Helen Abramyan , who is also a classically trained pianist . Her training began with her uncle Ashot Abramyan , a notable violinist of the Utah Symphony , after whom the Abramyan String Quartet was founded .   Lyrics Of Two have scored many chart-topping , award-winning songs , and have been recognized as `` one of the most innovative and original bands from Los Angeles . '' Lyrics Of Two have held the # 1 spot consecutively on the Deli Music Charts in the category of mainstream pop in Los Angeles and also held the # 1 spot for the entire west coast region of the Deli Music Charts for mainstream pop music

neg: Bookwriter The bookwriter is the member of a musical 's writing team who creates the book -- the musical 's plot , character development , and dramatic structure . Essentially , the bookwriter is the playwright of the musical . He or she works very closely in collaboration with the lyricist and composer to create an integrated piece of drama .   There is a common misconception that the bookwriter merely writes the dialogue ; though the book does include the musical 's spoken text , it is much more than that , defining and organizing the dramatic action of the entire piece , including action that is musicalized by the songwriter ( s ) . Even `` sung-through , '' `` operatic , '' or `` through-composed '' musicals , where there is little , if any , spoken text , require as much contribution from a bookwriter as do musicals with extensive dialogue scenes .   The bookwriter is often also the musical 's lyricist , composer , or director .   Category : Occupations in music

neg: Dueling pianos Dueling pianos ( also known simply as `` sing-along '' ) is a form of entertainment , usually on stage with two grand pianos , each played by a professional player who sings and entertains ; humor and audience participation are prevalent . Usually these types of piano bars have substantial sound systems , and most of the songs performed are rock and roll , `` classic rock '' , Top 40 , R&B , or country , played primarily by request . The modern format originated in late 1986 at Alley Cats in Dallas , Texas , and was based on the old-style dueling pianos still found at Pat O'Brien 's Bar in New Orleans .   __ TOC __

neg: Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance The Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance ( previously called Best Rhythm and Blues Solo Vocal Performance , Female ) was an honor presented at the Grammy Awards , a ceremony established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards , to female recording artists for quality R&B songs . Awards in several categories are distributed annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to `` honor artistic achievement , technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry , without regard to album sales or chart position . ''   According to the category description guide for the 52nd Grammy Awards , the award was presented to artists that performed `` newly recorded solo R&B vocal performances '' . Solo numbers by members of an established group were not eligible for the award as `` separate entries from the duo or group performances . '' Albums were also considered for the accolade until 1992 .   As a part of the major overhaul of Grammy categories , the award was discontinued in 2011 . The Female R&B Vocal Performance category , Male R&B Vocal Performance category and all duo/group vocal performances in the R&B category shifted to the Best R&B Performance category in 2012 .   The award for the Best Female R&B Vocal Performance was first presented to Aretha Franklin at the 10th Grammy Awards ceremony in 1968 for the song `` Respect '' . Franklin received the most wins with eleven , followed by Anita Baker with five . Franklin also holds the record for the most nominations with twenty-three , while Chaka Khan is second with eight nominations . Fantasia Barrino became the final recipient of the award , when her song `` Bittersweet '' won the award in 2011 . The award was presented to artists from the United States each year .

neg: Shania (given name) Shania is a feminine given name , popularized by the country and pop singer Shania Twain , who said her stage name is derived from an Ojibwa Indigenious phrase meaning `` on my way . ''

neg: Shania: Still the One Shania : Still the One was a residency show by Canadian singer-songwriter Shania Twain , performed at The Colosseum at Caesars Palace in Las Vegas , Nevada . The show began on December 1 , 2012 , and ended on December 13 , 2014 , with Twain performing a total of 105 shows .   Shania : Still the One was created by Twain , produced by AEG Live and directed by Raj Kapoor . The purpose of the show is to `` take fans on a spectacular journey through the various stages of Shania 's life and career in an unforgettable evening filled with music , multi-sensory and visual experiences , fashion and the unexpected '' .

neg: Andy Irvine (musician) Andrew Kennedy Irvine ( born 14 June 1942 ) , known as Andy Irvine , is an Irish folk musician , singer-songwriter , and a founding member of popular bands Sweeney 's Men , Planxty , Patrick Street , Mozaik , LAPD and Usher 's Island . He plays the mandolin , mandola , bouzouki , harmonica and hurdy-gurdy .   Irvine has been influential in folk music for over five decades , during which he recorded a large repertoire of songs and tunes he assembled from books , old recordings and rooted in the Irish , English , Scottish , Eastern European , Australian and American old-time and folk traditions . He sets these songs to new music and also writes songs about his personal experiences or the lives and struggles of his heroes : Tom Barker , Michael Davitt , Mother Jones , Douglas Mawson , Raoul Wallenberg , and Emiliano Zapata , among others .   Imbued with a sense of social justice , Irvine often selects or writes songs that are based on historical events and presented from the victim 's perspective . Some of these songs chronicle the abject living and working conditions imposed on groups of people : the emigrants ; the brutalized migrant workers ; the exploited textile strikers or coalminers . Other songs recall the archetypal experiences of single individuals : the woman seduced by an unfaithful man or disowned by her father ; the destitute young man ostracized or murdered on the order of his sweetheart 's rich father ; the down-on-his-luck farmer or the unemployed worker ; the young man inveigled by the army 's recruiting sergeant ; the scapegoats . Irvine 's songs also denounce worker deaths and industrial diseases , and lament the plight of hunted animals . His repertoire includes humorous songs , but also bittersweet ones of unrequited love , or of lovers cruelly separated or dramatically reunited . He also sings about famous racehorses , men or women masquerading in various disguises , a fantastical fox preying on young maidens , and the violent lives of outlaws .   As a child actor , Irvine honed his performing talent from an early age and learned the classical guitar . He switched to folk music after discovering Woody Guthrie , also adopting the latter 's other instruments : harmonica and mandolin . While extending Guthrie 's guitar picking technique to the mandolin , he further developed his playing of this instrument -- and , later , of the mandola and the bouzouki -- into a decorative , harmonic style and embraced the modes and rhythms of Bulgarian folk music . Along with Johnny Moynihan and Dónal Lunny , Irvine is one of the pioneers who adapted the Greek bouzouki -- with a new tuning -- into an Irish instrument . He contributed to advancing the design of his instruments in cooperation with English luthier Stefan Sobell , and he occasionally plays a hurdy-gurdy made for him in 1972 by Peter Abnett , another English luthier .   Although touring mainly as a soloist , Irvine has also enjoyed great success in pursuing collaborations through many projects that have influenced contemporary folk music . He continues to tour and perform extensively in Ireland , Great Britain , Europe , North and South America , Japan , Australia and New Zealand .

neg: Grammy Award for Best Country Duo/Group Performance The Grammy Award for Best Country Duo/Group Performance is an award presented at the Grammy Awards , a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards . It was first awarded in 2012 , after a major overhaul of Grammy Award categories .  The award combines the previous categories for Best Country Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal , Best Country Collaboration with Vocals and Best Country Instrumental Performance ( if the instrumental recording is performed by a duo or group ) . The restructuring of these categories was a result of the Recording Academy 's wish to decrease the list of categories and awards .   According to the 54th Grammy Awards description guide it is designed for duo/group or collaborative ( vocal or instrumental ) country recordings and is limited to singles or tracks only .

neg: Songshark Songshark is a term for a dishonest music publisher , whose main source of income is the naivete of new songwriters , whom they charge for services a reputable publisher would provide free to their clients .   `` Song shark '' is the trade name for any individual , or firm who , with the deliberate intention to defraud , solicits business from amateur songwriters , advising them that by having music written to their lyrics , or vice versa , they will have a finished composition which will immediately be `` snatched up '' by a music publisher . Often , the song shark will himself claim to be a publisher , and will tell the songwriter that his only expense will be in `` defraying half the costs of publication . ''

neg: Play On (Carrie Underwood album) Play On is the third studio album by American singer and songwriter Carrie Underwood . It was released in the United States on November 3 , 2009 , through Arista Nashville .   The album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 with first week sales of 318,000 copies , which was rated as the highest first-week sales for a female artist in 2009 upon release . It is her second album to debut at number one on the Billboard 200 , and her third to debut atop the Billboard Top Country Albums chart .   As of October 2016 , the album has been certified 3x Platinum by the RIAA , Platinum by the CRIA and Gold by the ARIA . Play On has since sold over three million copies worldwide .   The album spawned three consecutive Billboard Hot Country Songs number one singles -- `` Cowboy Casanova '' , `` Temporary Home '' and `` Undo It '' , all of which certified Multi-Platinum or Platinum by the RIAA . The fourth single , `` Mama 's Song '' , reached number two on the chart and received a Gold certification from the RIAA . `` Cowboy Casanova '' achieved one of the biggest single-week upwards on the Billboard Hot 100 of all time , when it climbed 96-11 in its second week .   `` Temporary Home '' and `` Mama 's Song '' were both nominated for Grammy Awards , while Play On was nominated for Album of the Year at both the 2010 Academy of Country Music Awards and Country Music Association Awards , and won Favorite Country Album at the 2010 American Music Awards .

neg: Doin' My Thing Doin ' My Thing is the second studio album by American country music artist Luke Bryan . It was released on October 6 , 2009 by Capitol Nashville . The album includes the singles `` Do I , '' which peaked at number 2 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Songs chart , `` Rain Is a Good Thing '' , Bryan 's first number one hit on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart , and `` Someone Else Calling You Baby . '' Also included is a cover version of OneRepublic 's `` Apologize . '' The album has sold over a million copies in the United States by February 2016 . This was Luke 's first album to have a crossover-friendly country-pop sound , which was a departure from the neotraditional country sound of his first album .

neg: Legal issues surrounding music sampling Music sampling is the subject of many legal disputes , chiefly in the realm of copyright law as it applies to musical compositions and sound recordings .   Early sampling artists simply used portions of other artists ' recordings without permission , but once music incorporating samples began to make significant money , some sampled artists , publishers , and record companies began to take legal action , claiming copyright infringement . Sometimes , after the threat or initiation of a lawsuit , such disputes are settled out of court , often with the sampling artist obtaining a license at considerable cost and making other concessions to appease the aggrieved party ; other times , the sampling artist contests the infringement claims , such as by arguing in court that the copyright law does not cover their particular use of the work . The outcome of these court cases , primarily in the United States and the United Kingdom , have shaped common law , defining ways statutory law -- which does not directly cover sampling -- can be applied to sampling disputes .   In accordance to the United States constitution , the laws of copyright permit a number of rights to authors so that they may `` Promote the Progress of Science and Useful Arts . '' This principle brings to light the true reason for copyright law - to develop boundaries economically and legally where learning , science , and culture can progress .

neg: Carrie Underwood discography American singer and songwriter Carrie Underwood has released five studio albums and 29 singles . Underwood rose to fame after winning the fourth season of American Idol in 2005 . Her debut album , Some Hearts , was released in 2005 and is the fastest-selling debut country album in Nielsen SoundScan history . It also became the best-selling solo female country debut in Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) history , as well as the top-selling debut album of any American Idol contestant in the United States .   Her second album , Carnival Ride , was released in 2007 and debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 charts . During the first week , it sold 527,000 copies , which at the time was the best sales week by a female solo country artist since Shania Twain 's Greatest Hits sold 530,000 copies in its first week back in 2004 . The album has since been certified 4x Platinum .   Underwood released her third studio album , Play On , on November 3 , 2009 . It debuted at number one on the Top Country Albums chart and the all-genre Billboard 200 . It features the number one singles `` Cowboy Casanova '' , `` Temporary Home '' , and `` Undo It '' , as well as the number two single , `` Mama 's Song '' . The album has since been certified 3x Platinum in the US , Platinum in Canada , and Gold in Australia . On June 2011 , the album re-entered the Australian Albums Charts for both the ARIA National Top 50 and the Country Top 20 albums at number 14 and number one , respectively , giving Underwood her first number one album in Australia . The album was eventually certified Gold in Australia .   On May 1 , 2012 , Underwood released her fourth album , Blown Away . In the United States , it sold 267,000 albums in its first week and debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 and the Top Country Albums charts . It debuted at number one in Canada 's Top 200 all-genre albums chart and Top 100 Country albums chart , being immediately certified Gold . The album also debuted at number one on Australia 's Top 20 Country Albums and number four on the all-genre Top 50 Albums . The album has been certified 2x Platinum in the United States and Canada .   On December 9 , 2014 , Underwood released her first greatest hits album , Greatest Hits : Decade # 1 . The compilation debuted at number four on the Billboard 200 and at number one on the Top Country Albums charts , and set several records upon release , including having the biggest sales debut for a hits collection in any genre of music in more than six years and the biggest first-week sales for a female hits album in any genre in over nine years . The album was certified Platinum by the RIAA on January 16 , 2015 .   Underwood 's fifth studio album , Storyteller was released on October 23 , 2015 . The album debuted at number 2 on the Billboard 200 . This made Underwood the only country artist to have his or her first five studio albums debut at number one or number two on the Billboard 200 chart . It also debuted atop the Top Country Albums chart , earning Underwood another record as the only artist to score six consecutive number one albums on that chart . The album was certified Platinum by the RIAA on October 24 , 2016 .   Underwood has sold in excess of 65 million records globally . In the United States , she has sold 16.3 million albums and over 34.8 million digital singles , making her the best-selling American Idol contestant of all-time . She is the top country artist and the fifth highest-certified female artist on the RIAA Top Artists ( Digital Singles ) Ranking . She is also the fourth biggest album seller among artists who have debuted the past 13 years . Underwood has accumulated 85 Billboard number-ones . She has had 15 singles top the Billboard Country Airplay , and 14 singles top the Hot Country Songs , respectively . Notably , Underwood garnered twenty-six consecutive top 10 singles on the Hot Country Songs chart , the longest streak of top ten singles for a country artist .

neg: Don't Be Stupid (You Know I Love You) `` Do n't Be Stupid ( You Know I Love You ) '' is a song co-written and recorded by Canadian country music recording artist Shania Twain . It was released in November 1997 as the second single from Twain 's album Come On Over but was the seventh to be released to international markets . The song was written by Mutt Lange and Shania Twain . The single peaked at number six on the Billboard country singles chart , becoming Twain 's sixth top-ten hit on that chart . The song was later released as her last single to European and Australian markets in 2000 . `` Do n't Be Stupid ( You Know I Love You ) '' , which reached # 5 in the UK in 2000 , was included on the 2004 Greatest Hits package .

neg: 12 Songs (Neil Diamond album) 12 Songs is the twenty-sixth studio album by Neil Diamond , released in 2005 . It was his first album of all-original , all-new material since 2001 's Three Chord Opera . It was produced by Rick Rubin and is often erroneously cited as the first Diamond album since the Bang Records era to feature the artist playing acoustic guitar ; in truth he played guitar on his Uni/MCA output and his Columbia output , possibly uncredited on most , if not all , albums .   The working title for the album was self-titled . The original pressing of the album was copy-protected using Sony 's controversial XCP technology .

neg: Demo (music) A demo ( from `` demonstration '' ) is a song or group of songs recorded for limited circulation or reference use rather than for general public release . A demo is a way for a musician to approximate their ideas in a fixed format , such as cassette tape , compact disc , or digital audio files , and to thereby pass along those ideas to record labels , record producers , or to other artists .   Musicians often use demos as quick sketches to share with bandmates or arrangers or simply for personal reference during the songwriting process ; in other cases a songwriter might make a demo to send to artists in hopes of having the song professionally recorded , or a music publisher may need a simple recording for publishing or copyright purposes .

neg: Somethin' Bad `` Somethin' Bad '' is a song recorded as a duet by American country music artists Miranda Lambert and Carrie Underwood . The song was written by Chris DeStefano , Brett James , and Priscilla Renea . It was released as the second single from Lambert 's fifth studio album Platinum in advance of the album 's release two weeks later . The song premiered at the 2014 Billboard Music Awards on May 18 , 2014 , and was released for sale the next day .   `` Somethin' Bad '' peaked at number one on the Billboard Hot Country Songs , becoming Underwood 's thirteenth number one on the chart and Lambert 's fifth . The song is the first number one by teamed-up solo women in more than two decades on this chart .   On December 5 , 2014 , the collaboration received a Grammy nomination for Best Country Duo/Group Performance .

neg: Mailboat Records Mailboat Records is an independent record label established in 1999 by American singer-songwriter Jimmy Buffett after his vanity label Margaritaville Records was absorbed by Island Records when they were sold to Universal Music Group , owner of Buffett 's previous label MCA Records . Mailboat 's first release was Buffett 's Buffett Live : Tuesdays , Thursdays , Saturdays . In addition to Buffett , the label 's roster includes Dan Fogelberg , Bret Michaels , Boz Scaggs , Def Leppard ( North America only ) , Walter Becker , Jim Mayer , and Mark Twain : Words & Music , a compilation CD featuring Jimmy Buffett as Huckleberry Finn , Clint Eastwood as Mark Twain , and narration by Garrison Keillor . Other featured artists on the Twain project include Brad Paisley , Sheryl Crow , Emmylou Harris , Vince Gill , Ricky Skaggs , and Joe Diffie . The Twain project is a benefit for the Mark Twain Boyhood Home & Museum in Hannibal , Missouri .   Harold Sulman is the president of Mailboat Records .

neg: List of songs written by Bonnie McKee American singer and songwriter Bonnie McKee has co-written eight number-one singles , which have sold more than 30 million copies worldwide combined . Her debut album Trouble was released in September 2004 . She singlehandedly wrote all but one song on the album , some when she was 14 and 15 years old . A standalone single , `` American Girl , '' was released in 2013 . An album was due for release in spring of 2014 but , by the end of the year , had not yet materialized , Instead , an EP , Bombastic was released in June 2015 .   McKee also has over 50 songwriting credits for songs that have been recorded by other artists . Eight of these have topped either the British or the American charts . McKee has collaborated with pop singer Katy Perry , and the pair have written five of Perry 's number-one singles together : `` California Gurls '' , `` Teenage Dream '' , `` Last Friday Night ( T.G.I.F. ) '' , `` Part of Me '' and `` Roar '' . McKee has also written four other songs recorded by Perry . She co-wrote five songs on Britney Spears ' seventh studio album Femme Fatale , including `` Hold It Against Me '' , which topped the Billboard Hot 100 . McKee has co-written two singles that reached the number-one position on the UK Singles Chart : `` Dynamite '' by Taio Cruz and `` How We Do ( Party ) '' by Rita Ora . `` Dynamite '' became the second-best-selling song by a British artist in the digital era . In 2012 , McKee co-wrote three songs on Adam Lambert 's album Trespassing and two songs for Ke $ ha 's album Warrior , `` C'Mon '' and `` Supernatural '' , the former of which served as the second single from the record . She also co-wrote two songs that appear on Leona Lewis ' album Glassheart , including the album 's second single `` Lovebird '' . McKee has also co-written songs that have been recorded by Christina Aguilera , Kelly Clarkson , Cher , Carly Rae Jepsen and Ellie Goulding among others .


query: Helena Bonham Carter is unable to act in movies.

pos: Helena Bonham Carter Helena Bonham Carter , ( born 26 May 1966 ) is an English actress . She is known for her roles in low-budget arthouse and independent films to large-scale Hollywood productions . She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for her role as Kate Croy in The Wings of the Dove ( 1997 ) . For her role as Queen Elizabeth in The King 's Speech ( 2010 ) , she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress and won the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role . She also won the 2010 International Emmy Award for Best Actress for her role as British author Enid Blyton in the TV film Enid ( 2009 ) .   Bonham Carter began her film career playing the title character in Lady Jane ( 1986 ) , and playing Lucy Honeychurch in A Room with a View ( 1986 ) . Her other film roles include Ophelia in Hamlet ( 1990 ) , Where Angels Fear to Tread ( 1991 ) , Howards End ( 1992 ) , Elizabeth Lavenza in Mary Shelley 's Frankenstein ( 1994 ) , Woody Allen 's Mighty Aphrodite ( 1995 ) , Fight Club ( 1999 ) , Bellatrix Lestrange in the Harry Potter series ( 2007 -- 11 ) , Terminator Salvation ( 2009 ) , Miss Havisham in Great Expectations ( 2012 ) , Madame Thénardier in Les Misérables ( 2012 ) , and The Fairy Godmother in Cinderella ( 2015 ) . She has frequently collaborated with director Tim Burton ; in Planet of the Apes ( 2001 ) , Big Fish ( 2003 ) , Corpse Bride ( 2005 ) , Charlie and the Chocolate Factory ( 2005 ) , Mrs. Lovett in Sweeney Todd : The Demon Barber of Fleet Street ( 2007 ) , Dark Shadows ( 2012 ) , and playing the Red Queen in Alice in Wonderland ( 2010 ) and its sequel Alice Through the Looking Glass ( 2016 ) . Her other television films include A Pattern of Roses ( 1983 ) , Fatal Deception : Mrs. Lee Harvey Oswald ( 1993 ) , Live from Baghdad ( 2002 ) , Toast ( 2010 ) , and Burton & Taylor ( 2013 ) .   She was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire ( CBE ) in the 2012 New Year Honours list for services to drama , and in January 2014 , the British prime minister , David Cameron , announced that Bonham Carter had been appointed to Britain 's new national Holocaust Commission .

neg: Being Julia Being Julia is a 2004 comedy-drama film directed by István Szabó and starring Annette Bening and Jeremy Irons . The screenplay by Ronald Harwood is based on the novel Theatre ( 1937 ) by W. Somerset Maugham . The original film score was composed by Mychael Danna .

neg: Vivien Leigh Vivien Leigh ( born Vivian Mary Hartley , and also known as Lady Olivier after 1947 ; 5 November 19138 July 1967 ) was a British stage and film actress . She won two Academy Awards for Best Actress for her performances as Scarlett O'Hara in Gone with the Wind ( 1939 ) and Blanche DuBois in the film version of A Streetcar Named Desire ( 1951 ) , a role she had also played on stage in London 's West End in 1949 . She also won a Tony Award for her work in the Broadway musical version of Tovarich ( 1963 ) .   After her drama school education , Leigh appeared in small roles in four films in 1935 and progressed to the role of heroine in Fire Over England ( 1937 ) . Lauded for her beauty , Leigh felt that her physical attributes sometimes prevented her from being taken seriously as an actress . Despite her fame as a screen actress , Leigh was primarily a stage performer . During her 30-year career , she played roles ranging from the heroines of Noël Coward and George Bernard Shaw comedies to classic Shakespearean characters such as Ophelia , Cleopatra , Juliet , and Lady Macbeth . Later in life , she performed as a character actress in a few films .   At the time , the public strongly identified Leigh with her second husband Laurence Olivier , who was her spouse from 1940 to 1960 . Leigh and Olivier starred together in many stage productions , with Olivier often directing , and in three films . She earned a reputation for being difficult to work with , and for much of her adult life she suffered from bipolar disorder as well as recurrent bouts of chronic tuberculosis , which was first diagnosed in the mid-1940s and ultimately claimed her life at the age of 53 . Although her career had periods of inactivity , in 1999 the American Film Institute ranked Leigh as the 16th greatest female movie star of classic Hollywood cinema .

neg: Christopher Plummer Arthur Christopher Orme Plummer ( born December 13 , 1929 ) is a Canadian theatre , film and television actor . After making his film debut in Stage Struck ( 1958 ) , Plummer went on to a successful film career , now spanning more than five decades . Some of his most notable film performances include : The Sound of Music ( 1965 ) , Battle of Britain ( 1969 ) , Waterloo ( 1970 ) , The Return of the Pink Panther ( 1975 ) , Murder by Decree ( 1979 ) , Dragnet ( 1987 ) , Star Trek VI : The Undiscovered Country ( 1991 ) , A Beautiful Mind ( 2001 ) , Nicholas Nickleby ( 2002 ) , National Treasure ( 2004 ) , The New World ( 2005 ) , Inside Man ( 2006 ) , Up ( 2009 ) , The Imaginarium of Doctor Parnassus ( 2009 ) , and The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo ( 2011 ) .   In a career which includes substantial roles in each of the dramatic arts , Plummer is best known to film audiences as the aristocratic widower , Captain Georg von Trapp , in the musical film The Sound of Music ( 1965 ) , alongside Julie Andrews . Plummer has ventured into various television projects , including the miniseries The Thorn Birds ( 1983 ) . Plummer has notably portrayed several historical figures , including Arthur Wellesley , First Duke of Wellington in Waterloo ( 1970 ) , Rudyard Kipling in The Man Who Would Be King ( 1975 ) , Mike Wallace in The Insider ( 1999 ) , and Leo Tolstoy in The Last Station ( 2009 ) .   Plummer has won numerous awards and accolades for his work , including an Academy Award , two Emmy Awards , two Tony Awards , a Golden Globe Award , a SAG Award , and a BAFTA Award . With his win at age 82 in 2012 for Beginners , Plummer is the oldest actor ever to win an Academy Award .

neg: Helena Kaut-Howson Helena Kaut-Howson is a British theatre and opera director .

neg: César Award for Best Supporting Actress The César Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role ( French : César de la meilleure actrice dans un second rôle ) is one of the César Awards , presented annually by the Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma to recognize the outstanding performance in a supporting role of an actress who has worked within the French film industry during the year preceding the ceremony . Nominees and winner are selected via a run-off voting by all the members of the Académie .

neg: Mary and Martha (film) Mary and Martha is a 2013 British-American television film starring Hilary Swank and Brenda Blethyn , and directed by Phillip Noyce . Based on a screenplay by Richard Curtis , it was produced by Working Title Television , in association with the BBC and NBCUniversal . The film had its UK premiere on March 1 , 2013 on the BBC and premiered in the US on HBO on April 20 , 2013 . based on a true story .

neg: Bridget Jones Bridget Jones is a franchise based on a fictional character of the same name . British writer Helen Fielding started her Bridget Jones 's Diary column in The Independent in 1995 , while chronicling the life of Jones as a thirtysomething single woman in London as she tries to make sense of life and love with the help of a surrogate `` urban family '' of friends in the 1990s . The column lampooned the obsession of women with women 's magazines such as Cosmopolitan and wider social trends in Britain at the time . Fielding published the novelisation of the column in 1996 , followed by a sequel in 1999 called Bridget Jones : The Edge of Reason .   Both novels were adapted for the big screen in 2001 and 2004 , starring Renée Zellweger as Bridget Jones , and Hugh Grant and Colin Firth as the men in her life : Daniel Cleaver and Mark Darcy , respectively . After Fielding had ceased to work for The Daily Telegraph in late 1998 , the feature began again in The Independent on 4 August 2005 and finished in June 2006 . Helen Fielding released a third novel in 2013 , Bridget Jones : Mad About the Boy , which is set 14 years after the events of the second novel .   The fictional character `` Bridget Jones '' was named on the 2016 Woman 's Hour Power List as one of seven women judged to have had the biggest impact on women 's lives over the past 70 years , alongside Margaret Thatcher , Barbara Castle , Helen Brook , Germaine Greer , Jayaben Desai and Beyoncé .

neg: BAFTA Award for Best Film The BAFTA Award for Best Film is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . It has been given since the 1st BAFTA Awards , representing the best films of 1947 , but until 1969 it was called the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source . It is possible for films from any country to be nominated , although British films are also recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best British Film and ( since 1983 ) foreign-language films in BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language . As such , there have been multiple occasions of a film being nominated in two of these categories .   There has been one tie for the Best Film award when , in 1962 , Ballad of a Soldier tied with The Hustler for Best Film from any Source . Until 1981 , the award was given to the director , except in 1976 and 1977 , when it was given to the producers . From 1981 to 1985 , it was given solely to the producers , and then in 1986 , it was shared between the Director and Producer . In 1998 , it was once again given to only the producers .   In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .

neg: 38th Saturn Awards The 38th Saturn Awards , honoring the best in science fiction , fantasy and horror film and television in 2011 , were held on July 26 , 2012 in Burbank , California . The awards are presented by the Academy of Science Fiction , Fantasy and Horror Films .   The six Best Film Award categories were respectively won by Rise of the Planet of the Apes ( Science Fiction ) , Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows -- Part 2 ( Fantasy ) , The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo ( Horror or Thriller ) , Mission : Impossible -- Ghost Protocol ( Action or Adventure ) , The Skin I Live In ( International ) and Puss in Boots ( Animated ) . Rise of the Planet of the Apes and Super 8 led the winners with three each .   In the television categories , Breaking Bad won three of its six nominations , including Best Syndicated/Cable Television Series . Fringe , The Walking Dead and Teen Wolf won the other Best Series Awards .   Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows -- Part 2 became the first Harry Potter film to win Best Fantasy Film , for which the seven previous Harry Potter films were nominated , and only the second film of the series to win a Saturn Award , following The Philosopher 's Stone which won Best Costume in 2001 . Mission : Impossible -- Ghost Protocol also became the first Mission : Impossible film to win Best Action or Adventure Film , following the nominations of the first and third installments .

neg: BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language The BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . The award was first given at the 36th British Academy Film Awards , recognising the films of 1982 , and until 1990 was known as the BAFTA Award for Best Foreign Film . Prior to this , films recorded in a language other than English were often recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best Film , known between 1949 and 1969 as Best Film from any Source .   In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .

neg: Brit Award for British Breakthrough Act The Brit Award for British Breakthrough Act is an award given by the British Phonographic Industry ( BPI ) , an organisation which represents record companies and artists in the United Kingdom . The accolade is presented at the Brit Awards , an annual celebration of British and international music . The winners and nominees are determined by the BRIT Awards voting academy with over 1,000 members , which comprise record labels , publishers , managers , agents , media , and previous winners and nominees .   The award was first presented in 1977 as two awards as `` British Male Newcomer '' and `` British Female Newcomer '' which were won by Graham Parker and Julie Covington . When the Brit Awards was held for the second time in 1982 , the awards `` British Male Newcomer '' and `` British Female Newcomer '' became joint as one award for both male and female acts as well introducing groups acts to award . The first award for the joint `` British Newcomer '' was won by The Human League . In 2003 the award was renamed to `` British Breakthrough Act '' .

neg: Bonkers (2007 TV series) Bonkers is a UK television series written by Sally Wainwright and starring Liza Tarbuck . It was transmitted on ITV during 2007 . It was also released on DVD .  This series is available on DVD , distributed by Acorn Media UK .   In July 2007 , the playwright and actress Tricia Walsh-Smith filed a claim in the High Court for breach of copyright , claiming that the pilot episode was copied from her 1987 play , also called `` Bonkers '' .

neg: Hugh Grant Hugh John Mungo Grant ( born 9 September 1960 ) is an English actor and film producer . Grant has received a Golden Globe , a BAFTA , and an Honorary César for his work . His films have earned more than US$ 2.4 billion from 25 theatrical releases worldwide . Grant first received attention after earning the Volpi Cup for his performance in James Ivory 's Maurice ( 1987 ) but achieved international success after appearing in the Richard Curtis-scripted Four Weddings and a Funeral ( 1994 ) . Grant used this breakthrough role as a frequent cinematic persona during the 1990s , delivering comic performances in films such as Mickey Blue Eyes ( 1999 ) and Notting Hill ( 1999 ) . One of the best known figures in 1990s British popular culture , Grant was in a high-profile relationship with Elizabeth Hurley , which was the focus of much attention in the British and international media .   By the turn of the 21st century , Grant had established himself as a leading man , skilled with a satirical comic talent . Grant has expanded his oeuvre with critically acclaimed turns as a cad in Bridget Jones 's Diary ( 2001 ) , About a Boy ( 2002 ) , and American Dreamz ( 2006 ) . Grant later played against type with multiple cameo roles in the epic sci-fi drama film , Cloud Atlas ( 2012 ) . He 's also known for appearing in period pieces such as The Remains of the Day ( 1993 ) , Sense and Sensibility ( 1995 ) and Florence Foster Jenkins ( 2016 ) .   Within the film industry , Grant is cited as an anti-star who approaches his roles like a character actor , and attempts to make his acting appear spontaneous . Hallmarks of his comic skills include a nonchalant touch of irony/sarcasm and studied physical mannerisms , as well as his precisely-timed dialogue delivery and facial expressions . The entertainment media 's coverage of Grant 's life off the big screen has often overshadowed his work as an actor . Grant has been outspoken about his antipathy towards the profession of acting , and in his disdain towards the culture of celebrity and hostility towards the media . In a career spanning 30 years , Grant has repeatedly claimed that acting was not his true calling , but rather a career that unintentionally developed by happenstance .

neg: Cate Blanchett on screen and stage Cate Blanchett is an Australian actress who has extensively appeared in film and stage . She made her stage debut in 1992 by playing Electra in the National Institute of Dramatic Art production of the same name . She followed it with performances in Timothy Daly 's Kafka Dances ( 1993 ) and the Sydney Theatre Company stage production of Oleanna ( 1993 ) opposite Geoffrey Rush . Blanchett won the Sydney Theatre Critics Award for Best Newcomer for the former and Best Actress for the latter , making her the first person to win both awards at once . She went on to perform several roles on stage , notably Susan Traherne in Plenty ( 1999 ) , Hedda Gabler in Hedda Gabler ( 2004 ) , Blanche DuBois in A Streetcar Named Desire ( 2009 ) , Yelena in Uncle Vanya ( 2011 ) and Claire in The Maids ( 2013 ) .   In 1997 , Blanchett made her feature film debut in a supporting role in the World War II drama Paradise Road . The same year , she had her first leading role in Oscar and Lucinda , which earned her an AACTA Award nomination for Best Actress . Blanchett received worldwide attention for playing Queen Elizabeth I of England in the acclaimed drama Elizabeth ( 1998 ) . Her performance garnered her a Golden Globe and a BAFTA Award for Best Actress and her first Academy Award nomination for Best Actress . Elizabeth and her next film , the thriller The Talented Mr. Ripley ( 1999 ) , performed well at the box office . However , her other 1999 releasesthe widely praised An Ideal Husband and the largely panned Pushing Tinwere unsuccessful .   Blanchett found greater success for portraying Galadriel in Peter Jackson 's epic fantasy trilogy The Lord of the Rings ( 2001-03 ) . During this period , she also appeared in several films which had mixed reception and performed poorly at the box office . She won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress , among other honors for portraying Katharine Hepburn in Martin Scorsese 's 2004 drama The Aviator , making her the only actor to win an Oscar for portraying another Oscar-winning actor . Her only screen appearance in 2005 was in Little Fish , for which she won the AACTA Award for Best Actress . Blanchett 's performance in the 2006 thriller Notes on a Scandal garnered her another Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress . In 2007 , she received both Best Actress and Best Supporting Actress Oscar nominations for her roles in Elizabeth : The Golden Age and I 'm Not There , becoming one of the few actors to achieve this feat .   In 2008 , Blanchett appeared in Steven Spielberg 's action adventure Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull and David Fincher 's fantasy drama The Curious Case of Benjamin Button . She briefly reprised her role of Galadriel in the The Hobbit trilogy ( 2012-14 ) . For her performance as the titular socialite in Woody Allen 's 2013 drama Blue Jasmine , Blanchett won the Golden Globe , the BAFTA Award , the SAG Award and the Academy Award for Best Actress . In 2014 , she voiced Valka in the $ 620 million-grossing animated fantasy How to Train Your Dragon 2 . In 2015 , she received praise for playing Lady Tremaine in Disney 's live action film Cinderella , Mary Mapes in Truth and the titular character in Todd Haynes 's romantic drama Carol . Cinderella was a notable box office success while Carol garnered her seventh Oscar nomination . Blanchett made her Broadway debut in 2017 with The Present , receiving her first Tony Award nomination for the Best Actress in a Play .

neg: Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (film) Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix is a 2007 British-American fantasy film directed by David Yates and distributed by Warner Bros. . Pictures . It is based on the novel of the same name by J. K. Rowling . The film , which is the fifth instalment in the Harry Potter film series , was written by Michael Goldenberg ( making this the only film in the series not to be scripted by Steve Kloves ) and produced by David Heyman and David Barron . The story follows Harry Potter 's fifth year at Hogwarts as the Ministry of Magic is in denial of Lord Voldemort 's return .   The film stars Daniel Radcliffe as Harry Potter , alongside Rupert Grint and Emma Watson as Harry 's best friends Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger . It is the sequel to Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire and is followed by Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince .   Live-action filming took place in England and Scotland for exterior locations and Leavesden Film Studios in Watford for interior locations from February to November 2006 , with a one-month break in June . Post-production on the film continued for several months afterwards to add in visual effects . The film 's budget was reportedly between # 75 and 100 million ( $ 150 -- 200 million ) . Warner Bros. released the film in the United Kingdom on 12 July 2007 and in North America on 11 July , both in conventional and IMAX theatres ; it is the first Potter film to be released in IMAX 3D .   As of April 2017 , Order of the Phoenix is the 39th-highest-grossing film of all time , and a critical and commercial success . The film opened to a worldwide 5-day opening of $ 333 million , fourteenth all-time , and grossed nearly $ 940 million total , second to Pirates of the Caribbean : At World 's End for the greatest total of 2007 . The film was nominated for two BAFTA Film Awards in 2008 .

neg: AACTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role The AACTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role is an award presented by the Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts ( AACTA ) , a non-profit organisation whose aim is to `` identify , award , promote and celebrate Australia 's greatest achievements in film and television . '' The award is presented at the annual AACTA Awards , which hands out accolades for achievements in feature films , television , documentaries and short films . From 1971 -- 2010 , the category was presented by the Australian Film Institute ( AFI ) , the Academy 's parent organisation , at the annual Australian Film Institute Awards ( known as the AFI Awards ) . When the AFI launched the Academy in 2011 , it changed the annual ceremony to the AACTA Awards , with the current award being a continuum of the AFI Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role .   It was presented as a special award , from 1971 -- 1975 , and was accompanied with a cash prize , before it became a competitive award from 1976 , onward . Judy Davis is the most nominated actress in this category , with five wins from eight nominations , most recently for her role in The Eye of the Storm ( 2011 ) .   Candidates for this award must be human and female , and can not be nominated for the same role in the supporting actress category .

neg: Mary Badham Mary Badham ( born October 7 , 1952 ) is an American actress , known for her portrayal of Jean Louise `` Scout '' Finch in To Kill a Mockingbird ( 1962 ) , for which she was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress . At the time , Badham ( aged 10 ) was the youngest actress ever nominated in this category .

neg: Queen's Theatre, Hornchurch The Queen 's Theatre is a 500-seat producing theatre located in Hornchurch in the London Borough of Havering , east London .   The theatre opened in its current purpose-built site on Billet Lane , Hornchurch in 1975 .   From 1953 to 1975 the theatre had occupied a converted , and for some time derelict , cinema on Station Lane ( the site of the present Ripon House development ) that had been used for storage during the Second World War . The theatre originally opened in the coronation year of Queen Elizabeth II and its name reflects this . The opening production was See How They Run .   The building deteriorated and the London Borough of Havering built the new theatre . It was opened by Sir Peter Hall in April 1975 , with a production of Joseph and the Amazing Technicolour Dreamcoat .   Home to the original productions of the award-winning Return to the Forbidden Planet and Blood Brothers , performers such as Maggie Smith , Martin Shaw , Joan Plowright , Prunella Scales , Nigel Hawthorn , Carol Sloman , Lucy Benjamin , Gemma Salter , Bernard Cribbins , Conn O'Neill and theatre-makers and artists David Eldridge , Chris Bond , Bob Carlton , Bob Eaton , Glen Walford , Nichola McAuliffe , Tim Firth , Dan Murphy and Richard O'Brien the Queen 's Theatre , over its 60 plus year history , has built a track record in creating the best in live entertainment .   The theatre 's current artistic director is Douglas Rintoul who was appointed in 2015 . The theatre 's previous artistic directors include Bob Carlton , Marina Calderone and Bob Tomson .   The Queen 's Theatre produces over eights shows a year and has a vibrant learning and participatory programme engaging over 11,000 participants annually , enabling people to express themselves and their stories through the arts .   The Queen 's Theatre works with educational institutions , amateur theatre groups , professional arts groups and wellbeing organizations , but is also widely connected to the larger theatre landscape in the UK and abroad .   Current partnerships include co-productions with the New Wolsey Theatre Ipswich , Salisbury Playhouse , Watford Palace Theatre , Rifco , Sell a Door and The Grand Théâtre de Luxembourg .   Behind the scenes there is a carpentry workshop , scenic artists and a wardrobe department creating sets and costumes on-site .   The theatre was honoured with a visit from HM The Queen in 2003 , the theatre 's fiftieth anniversary , and in 2013 the theatre celebrated its Diamond Jubilee .   The Queen 's Theatre is a registered charity and receives regular funding from the London Borough of Havering and is an Arts Council of England National Portfolio Organisation .

neg: Kingsman: The Golden Circle Kingsman : The Golden Circle is an upcoming 2017 British-American action spy comedy-drama film directed by Matthew Vaughn , and is the sequel to 2015 film Kingsman : The Secret Service . The series is based on the comic book The Secret Service , created by Dave Gibbons and Mark Millar . The film stars Colin Firth , Julianne Moore , Taron Egerton , Mark Strong , Halle Berry , Elton John , Channing Tatum and Jeff Bridges , and is scheduled to be released on 22 September 2017 .

neg: Asylum (2005 film) Asylum is a 2005 Anglo-Irish drama film directed by David Mackenzie and made by Mace Neufeld Productions , Samson Films , Seven Arts Productions , Zephyr Films Ltd and released by Paramount Classics . It is based on the novel Asylum by Patrick McGrath and was adapted for the screen by Patrick Marber and Chrysanthy Balis .   It stars Natasha Richardson , Marton Csokas , Ian McKellen and Hugh Bonneville with a cast also including Sean Harris , Joss Ackland , Wanda Ventham , Maria Aitken and Judy Parfitt .