query: The 19th G7 summit included Canada.

pos: 19th G7 summit The 19th G7 Summit was held in Tokyo , Japan , on July 7 -- 9 , 1993 . The venue for the summit meetings was the State Guesthouse in Tokyo , Japan .   The Group of Seven ( G7 ) was an unofficial forum which brought together the heads of the richest industrialized countries : France , Germany , Italy , Japan , the United Kingdom , the United States , Canada ( since 1976 ) and the President of the European Commission ( starting officially in 1981 ) . The summits were not meant to be linked formally with wider international institutions ; and in fact , a mild rebellion against the stiff formality of other international meetings was a part of the genesis of cooperation between France 's President Giscard d'Estaing and West Germany 's Chancellor Helmut Schmidt as they conceived the first Group of Six ( G6 ) summit in 1975 .

neg: 14th G7 summit The 14th G7 Summit was held in Toronto , Ontario , Canada between June 19 and 21 , 1988 . The venue for the summit meetings was the Metro Toronto Convention Centre in central Toronto .   The Group of Seven ( G7 ) was an unofficial forum which brought together the heads of the richest industrialized countries : France , West Germany , Italy , Japan , the United Kingdom , the United States , Canada ( since 1976 ) and the President of the European Commission ( starting officially in 1981 ) . The summits were not meant to be linked formally with wider international institutions ; and in fact , a mild rebellion against the stiff formality of other international meetings was a part of the genesis of cooperation between France 's President Giscard d'Estaing and West Germany 's Chancellor Helmut Schmidt as they conceived the first Group of Six ( G6 ) summit in 1975 .   Unlike the relatively low key summit at Château Montebello in 1981 , the Toronto summit was held under tight security with involvement of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police ( RCMP ) and Metro Toronto Police .   Canada was the first member of the G7/G8 to host both this kind of Summit and an Olympic Games in the same calendar year . In February , Calgary , Alberta , hosted the 1988 Winter Olympics . Canada would do this again 22 years when they hosted the Winter Olympics in Vancouver , British Columbia and then the G8 Summit in Huntsville , Ontario .

neg: Canada (band) Canada is an American indie folk-pop music group from Ann Arbor , Michigan . Its songs are generally acoustic and feature guitars , drums , cellos , glockenspiels , melodicas , rhodes piano , organ and accordions . The group is known for its group vocals and harmonies and energetic live shows where members switch instruments between songs .   `` With a blend of pop , folk , and country , Canada keeps an even keel with amazing melodies and even more engaging instrumentation , never becoming tiresome or trite in its mission to craft the perfect pop song ... They have made what could very well be the best pop album to come out of the ever-fruitful Detroit music scene in 2006 , and considering the quality of the competition , that 's no small praise . ''   The band , composed of long-time friends , formed in late 2004 and self-released the six song How Dare You EP in July 2005 . Soon after , they were approached by indie Michigan label Quite Scientific and soon signed with them to record a full length album . Recording took place during the fall and winter of 2005 in Lansing , Michigan on a soundboard originally used to mix portions of the second and third Star Wars films .   The band released its first album , This Cursed House , in June 2006 . The album became the No. 1 most-added album in college radio for June 20 , 2006 , and later climbed to No. 13 on the CMJ Radio Top 200 ( CMJ New Music Report , Issue 971 ) .   Canada proceeded to embark on a series of tours with friends Page France ( Suicide Squeeze ) , Saturday Looks Good To Me ( Polyvinyl ) Headlights ( Polyvinyl ) , and Margot and the Nuclear So and So 's . Joe , Ryan , and Aaron ( Shaul ) became brief members of Saturday Looks Good To Me during this time , playing bass , drums , and glockenspiel respectively . Ryan later became a more permanent member with the group and toured with them as their drummer during their 2007 US and European tours . Canada also performed at the 2006 Pygmalion Music Festival in Champaign-Urbana , the 2006/7/8 CMJ Music Marathon in New York City and SXSW 2006/7 in Austin .   Canada embarked on its longest ( 8 week ) nationwide tour in the summer of 2007 . The band was prepping the release of their second full-length ( which would have been called Put Singing Birds Into Your Messy Hair ) , when creative , scheduling , and recording issues put a halt to production in late 2008 . The band currently has no plans to re-unite , despite several offers for reunion concerts in Southeastern Michigan , however their second record may become available digitally sometime in the future .

neg: LGBT rights in Canada Lesbian , gay , bisexual , and transgender ( LGBT ) rights in Canada are some of the most advanced in the Americas and in the world . During the British North American era , same-sex sexual activity between men was a capital crime and resulted in the death penalty , however , there is no surviving record of any executions and political figures were reluctant to enforce the law . The death penalty was eventually repealed and a broader law involving gross indecency between men was often enforced in the late 19th century . During the early to mid 20th-century , the law often portrayed homosexual men as sex offenders until the infamous court case of Everett George Klippert , who admitted to having sex with multiple men , resulted in his life imprisonment . Same-sex sexual activity between consenting adults was soon decriminalized in 1969 as a result of legislation introduced in 1967 , with then-Justice Minister and Attorney General of Canada Pierre Trudeau ( who eventually became the 15th Prime Minister of Canada ) famously commenting , `` There 's no place for the state in the bedrooms of the nation . ''   Although same-sex couples began being granted domestic partnerships similar to that of married opposite-sex couples , same-sex marriage was already legalized in eight of ten provinces and one of three territories beginning in 2003 . On July 20 , 2005 , Canada became the first country outside Europe and the fourth country in the world to legalize same-sex marriage nationwide after the enactment of the Civil Marriage Act . Same-sex adoption has also been legal in all provinces and territories under varying rules . Discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation in employment , housing , and public and private accommodations is banned nationwide whilst discrimination on the basis of gender identity and expression vary by province and territory . Transgender people are allowed to change their legal gender in all provinces and territories under varying rules . Under section 159 of the Criminal Code the age of consent for anal sex is currently unequal at 18 for both homosexuals and heterosexuals whilst oral sex and vaginal sex remains at 16 , which has been found discriminatory by many political figures , publications , provincial and federal courts . On November 15 , 2016 , the Minister of Justice , Jody Wilson-Raybould , introduced a bill to repeal section 159 of the Criminal Code .   Canada has frequently been referred to as one of the most gay-friendly countries in the world , with Canada 's largest cities Toronto , Montreal , Vancouver and Ottawa featuring their own gay villages and being named among the most gay-friendly cities in the world . Recent polls have indicated that a large majority of Canadians support same-sex marriage .

neg: Quebec Conference Quebec Conference refers to one of several different meetings by the same name that were held in Quebec City , Quebec , Canada :   The Quebec Conference , 1864 , the second conference to discuss Canada 's confederation , which was finally accomplished three years later . It was here that the 72 Resolutions were drafted  The Quebec Conference , 1943 , a top-level meetings between the United States and Britain , with Canada as host , to plan strategy in 1944 . It also resulted in the Quebec Agreement to share nuclear technology  The Second Quebec Conference , held in 1944 . Only the United States and the United Kingdom were represented . Most known for the agreement on , and signing of , the Morgenthau plan  The Quebec City Summit of the Americas , in 2001 , which discussed the Free Trade Area of the Americas ; these were targeted by massive anti-globalization protests

neg: Canada at the 1976 Summer Olympics Canada was the host nation for the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal . 385 competitors , 261 men and 124 women , took part in 173 events in 23 sports .   For the first and , so far , only time in Summer Olympics history , the host nation failed to obtain a gold medal .

neg: Financial Stability Forum The Financial Stability Forum ( FSF ) was a group consisting of major national financial authorities such as finance ministries , central bankers , and international financial bodies . The Forum was founded in 1999 to promote international financial stability . Its founding resulted from discussions among Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors of the G7 countries , and a study which they commissioned . The Forum facilitated discussion and co-operation on supervision and surveillance of financial institutions , transactions and events . FSF was managed by a small secretariat housed at the Bank for International Settlements in Basel , Switzerland . The FSF membership included about a dozen nations who participate through their central banks , financial ministries and departments , and securities regulators , including : the United States , Japan , Germany , the United Kingdom , France , Italy , Canada , Australia , the Netherlands and several other industrialized economies as well as several international economic organizations . At the G20 summit on November 15 , 2008 it was agreed that the membership of the FSF will be expanded to include emerging economies , such as China . The 2009 G-20 London summit decided to establish a successor to the FSF , the Financial Stability Board . The FSB includes members of the G20 who were not members of FSF .

neg: Confederation Boulevard Confederation Boulevard ( Boulevard de la Confédération ) is a `` ceremonial and discovery route '' in Canada 's National Capital Region , running through Parliament Hill and encompassing downtown areas in Ottawa and Gatineau . Some of Canada 's most important institutions and landmarks lie along its route . During state visits , Confederation Boulevard is toured by foreign dignitaries . On Canada Day , much of Confederation Boulevard is closed to cars . Confederation Boulevard is an initiative of the National Capital Commission ( NCC ) .   The route 's name commemorates Canadian Confederation .

neg: Arctic policy of Canada The Arctic policy of Canada includes both the foreign policy of Canada in regard to the Arctic region and Canada 's domestic policy towards its Arctic territories . This includes the devolution of powers to the territories . Canada 's Arctic policy includes the plans and provisions of these regional governments . It encompasses the exercise of sovereignty , social and economic development , the protection of the environment , and the improving and devolving of governance .   Canada , along with the 7 other Arctic nations , is a member of the Arctic Council . On August 23 , 2012 , Prime Minister Stephen Harper announced that Nunavut MP Leona Aglukkaq would serve as chair of the Arctic Council when Canada assumed the Chairmanship from Sweden in May 2013 .   Along with its mainland in the upper regions of North America , Canada claims sovereignty over the related continental shelf and the Arctic Archipelago . It considers the waters between the islands of the Archipelago to be Canadian Internal Waters . The United States considers those to be international waters .   Canada has more Arctic land mass than any other country . This land is included within the administrative regions of the Northwest Territories , Nunavut , and Yukon . As of 2011 , approximately 107,265 Canadians live in the Arctic .

neg: Human Resources Development Canada The Department of Human Resources Development , also referred to as Human Resources Development Canada ( HRDC ) , is a former department of the Government of Canada . It held responsibility for a wide portfolio of social services .   HRDC was created in 1993 by Prime Minister Kim Campbell 's government in an attempt to decrease the size of the federal cabinet by grouping several departments with similar responsibilities . In the case of HRDC , the former Department of Employment and Immigration formed its nucleus .   HRDC 's creation was probably the most enduring decision taken by Campbell 's short-lived administration . The new department , however was poorly focused and had a wide range of institutional cultures from the merged bureaucracies ; it also had one of the larger departmental budgets and a variety of responsibilities ranging from the Unemployment Insurance program to the issuance of Social Insurance Numbers and job training and counselling .   In the late 1990s , HRDC gained public headlines across Canada following numerous poorly thought procurements , notably dozens of server computers using the Unix operating system , this despite the fact that the purchase far exceeded the department 's computing requirements . Other problems relating to several incompatible email systems made HRDC a scapegoat for attacks on the government by opposition parties .   In 2000 , HRDC 's poor accounting practices were made infamous by the Canadian Alliance when it was claimed that approximately $ 1 billion ( CAD ) in employment grants could not be accounted for . Peter Donolo later claimed that this scandal was `` phony '' and the true amount unaccounted for was $ 85,000   HRDC was based at a government office facility at Place du Portage IV in Gatineau ( formerly downtown Hull , Quebec ) .   HRDC was dissolved in a December 2003 government reorganization which saw two departments , the Department of Social Development and the Department of Human Resources and Skills Development created in its place . The two departments were re-amalgamated on February 6 , 2006 , though now named Human Resources and Skills Development Canada .

neg: Provinces and territories of Canada Canada 's geography is divided into administrative divisions known as provinces and territories that are responsible for delivery of sub-national governance . When Canada was formed in 1867 , three provinces of British North America -- New Brunswick , Nova Scotia and the Province of Canada ( which , on the formation of Canada , was divided into Ontario and Quebec ) -- were united to form a federated colony , which eventually became a sovereign nation in the next century . Over its history , Canada 's international borders have changed several times , and the country has grown from the original four provinces to the current ten provinces and three territories . The ten provinces are Alberta , British Columbia , Manitoba , New Brunswick , Newfoundland and Labrador , Nova Scotia , Ontario , Prince Edward Island , Quebec , and Saskatchewan . Several of the provinces were former British colonies , and Quebec was originally a French colony , while others were added as Canada grew . The three territories are Northwest Territories , Nunavut , and Yukon , which govern the rest of the area of the former British North America . Together , the provinces and territories make up the world 's second-largest country by area .   The major difference between a Canadian province and a territory is that provinces receive their power and authority from the Constitution Act , 1867 ( formerly called the British North America Act , 1867 ) , whereas territorial governments have powers delegated to them by the Parliament of Canada . The powers flowing from the Constitution Act are divided between the federal government and the provincial governments to exercise exclusively . A change to the division of powers between the federal government and the provinces requires a constitutional amendment , whereas a similar change affecting the territories can be performed unilaterally by the Parliament of Canada or government .   In modern Canadian constitutional theory , the provinces are considered to be co-sovereign divisions and each province has its own `` Crown '' represented by the lieutenant governor . The territories are not sovereign , but simply part of the federal realm , and have a commissioner who represents the federal government .   __ TOC __

neg: 2009 Strasbourg–Kehl summit The 2009 Strasbourg -- Kehl Summit was a NATO summit of heads of state and heads of government held in Strasbourg , France , and in Kehl and Baden-Baden , Germany , on 3 -- 4 April 2009 . The summit marked the 60th anniversary of the establishment of North Atlantic Treaty Organization ( NATO ) . Expected to be primarily a celebratory 60th-anniversary event , the agenda included a number of urgent topics commanding the NATO leaders ' attention .

neg: List of municipalities in Saskatchewan Saskatchewan is the sixth-most populous province in Canada with 1,098,352 residents as of 2016 and is the fifth-largest in land area at 588244 km2 . In 2011 , Saskatchewan 's 786 municipalities covered of the province 's land mass and were home to of its population . On December 31 , 2013 , this total was reduced to 782 when Antler , Gladmar , Ruthilda and Shackleton all dissolved from village status . It was further reduced to 779 after the dissolutions of Elstow ( effective December 16 , 2014 ) , Rabbit Lake ( effective October 30 , 2015 ) and Primate ( effective December 31 , 2015 ) . These 779 municipalities are local government `` creatures of provincial jurisdiction '' with natural persons power . One of the key purposes of Saskatchewan 's municipalities are `` to provide services , facilities and other things that , in the opinion of council , are necessary or desirable for all or a part of the municipality '' . Other purposes are to : `` provide good government '' ; `` develop and maintain a safe and viable community '' ; `` foster economic , social and environmental well-being '' and `` provide wise stewardship of public assets . ''   The Government of Saskatchewan 's Ministry of Municipal Relations recognizes three general types of municipalities and seven sub-types -- urban municipalities ( cities , towns , villages and resort villages ) , rural municipalities and northern municipalities ( northern towns , northern villages and northern hamlets ) . Cities are formed under the provincial authority of The Cities Act , which was enacted in 2002 . Towns , villages , resort villages and rural municipalities are formed under the authority of The Municipalities Act , enacted in 2005 . The three sub-types of northern municipalities are formed under the authority of The Northern Municipalities Act , enacted in 2010 . As provincial laws , these three acts were passed by the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan with royal assent granted by the Lieutenant Governor .   Of Saskatchewan 's 779 municipalities , 459 of them are urban municipalities ( 16 cities , 147 towns , 256 villages and 40 resort villages ) , 296 are rural municipalities and 24 are northern municipalities ( 2 northern towns , 11 northern villages and 11 northern hamlets ) . The Cities Act , The Municipalities Act and The Northern Municipalities Act stipulate governance of these municipalities . Saskatchewan 's Ministry of Municipal Relations is responsible for providing provincial programs and services to municipalities .   In 2011 , just over of Saskatchewan 's population resided in its two largest cities . Saskatoon , the largest city , is home to of the province 's population ( 222,189 residents ) , while Regina , Saskatchewan 's capital city , is home to ( 193,100 residents ) . The villages of Dafoe , Keeler , Krydor and Valparaiso are all tied as Saskatchewan 's smallest municipalities by population with 15 people each . The largest municipality by land area is the Rural Municipality of Hudson Bay No. 394 at 12463 km2 , while the smallest by land area are the resort villages of Etters Beach and Pelican Pointe at 0.12 km2 each .

neg: Canadian Club of Toronto The Canadian Club of Toronto is a club in Toronto which meets several times a month to hear lunchtime speeches given by invited guests from the fields of politics , law , business , the arts , the media , and other prominent fields .   In the days before radio and television , the Club provided a chance for influential Torontonians to have contact with Canadian and international leaders in a variety of fields . Even today , the club manages to attract notable speakers . Some examples of speakers to address the club since the year 2000 include Paul Martin , Stephen Harper , Vladimir Putin , Paul Bremer , Bob Rae , Michael Dell , Jean Charest , John de Chastelain , Ted Rogers , Roy McMurtry , Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo , Margaret Atwood , Karen Kain , Ralph Klein , David Frum , Pamela Wallin , John Manley , Beverley McLachlin , Dalton McGuinty , Belinda Stronach , David Dodge , Pinball Clemons , Gordon Campbell , Louise Arbour , Adrienne Clarkson , Donovan Bailey , Anne Mulcahy , and Jack Layton .   The Canadian Club has long had a role in Canadian life as an opinion-formation vehicle for some of Toronto 's most prominent citizens .   The Canadian Club of Toronto was founded in 1897 by a Hamilton journalist . Speeches were initially given in the evening , but starting in 1899 , the club moved to its present lunchtime format . In 1903 , several members of the Canadian Club , concerned that the club was not sufficiently opposed to the wave of anti-British sentiment being expressed in the wake of the Alaskan Boundary Tribunal decision , left the Canadian Club to found the more pro-British Empire Club of Canada .   As of 2010 , the Canadian Club 's luncheons are normally held on Mondays in the Fairmont Royal York Hotel . As noted on their website : `` The Canadian Club is not-for-profit and holds no political or religious affiliations . There are currently forty Canadian Clubs in various cities around Canada . ''

neg: Ray Hnatyshyn Ramon John Hnatyshyn ( -LSB- nəˈtɪʃən -RSB- March 16 , 1934December 18 , 2002 ) , commonly known as Ray Hnatyshyn , was a Canadian politician and statesman who served as Governor General of Canada , the 24th since Canadian Confederation .   Hnatyshyn was born and educated in Saskatchewan and served in the Royal Canadian Air Cadets prior to being elected to the House of Commons in 1974 , whereafter he served as a minister of the Crown in two non-successive governments until 1988 . He was in 1989 appointed as governor general by Queen Elizabeth II , on the recommendation of Prime Minister of Canada Brian Mulroney , to replace Jeanne Mathilde Sauvé as viceroy , and he occupied the post until succeeded by Roméo LeBlanc in 1995 . As the Queen 's representative , Hnatyshyn proved to be a populist , reversing some exclusive policies of his predecessor , such as opening up Rideau Hall to ordinary Canadians and tourists alike , and was praised for raising the stature of Ukrainian Canadians .   On June 4 , 1979 , Hnatyshyn was sworn into the Queen 's Privy Council for Canada , giving him the accordant style of The Honourable ; however , as a former Governor General of Canada , Hnatyshyn was entitled to be styled for life with the superior form of The Right Honourable . He subsequently practised law and sat as Chancellor of Carleton University before dying of pancreatitis on December 18 , 2002 .

neg: 19th SAARC summit The 19th SAARC summit is a scheduled diplomatic conference , which was originally planned to be held in Islamabad , Pakistan on 15 -- 16 November 2016 . The summit was to be attended by the leaders of the eight SAARC member states and representatives of observers and guest states .   Following the rising diplomatic tensions after the Uri terrorist attack , India announced its boycott of the summit , alleging Pakistan 's involvement in the attack . Later , Bangladesh , Afghanistan and Bhutan also pulled out of the summit . culminating in an indefinite postponement of the summit .

neg: Africa–Canada relations Canada -- Africa relations are relations between Canada and the peoples and countries of the African continent .

neg: Quebec Resolutions The Quebec Resolutions , also known as the seventy-two resolutions , were a group of statements written at the Quebec Conference of 1864 , which laid out the framework for the Canadian Constitution .  They were adopted by the majority of the provinces of Canada , and became the basis for the London Conference of 1866 . Some of the major points that were addressed in the resolutions are as follows : Canada will have a strong central government ( federal government ) , the central government is to be responsible for the legislation of peace , order and good government , provinces will have defined powers and will be accountable for handling local affairs and social and cultural issues , the United Province of Canada ( as they called it ) , will be split into Quebec and Ontario , a federal government will be composed of two law making houses . These are just five of the important acts used to construct Canada as it is today .

neg: List of elections in the Province of Canada The Province of Canada was the union of Canada West ( formerly Upper Canada and later Ontario ) and Canada East ( formerly Lower Canada and later Quebec ) .   The Province of Canada held 8 unique elections from 1841 to 1863 before Confederation . While party lines were somewhat blurred , there were political parties .   There are many examples of groups of MPs going against the party line , or splitting a party into two . A good example of this is when a number of Liberal MPs supported John A. Macdonald , a Conservative , and his idea for Canadian Confederation , many other Liberal Party members were opposed to Confederation .   After the establishment of the double majority principle , any bill , in order to be passed , needed a majority of MPs from both Canada West and Canada East . This sometimes led to coalitions between Ontario Liberals and Quebec Tories , or vice versa . The elections listed below are divided into `` Left '' or `` Reformer '' camps , and `` Right '' or `` Conservative '' camps .

neg: Floorball Canada Floorball Canada is the highest governing body for the sport of floorball in Canada . Floorball Canada is a self-governed organization which is recognized by the Government of Canada , Sport Canada , and the Canadian Olympic Committee .   Floorball Canada organizes the Canadian Floorball Championships , Canada 's elite-level national league ( Canadian Floorball League ) as well as the men 's , women 's , men 's under-19 , and women 's under-19 national floorball teams . So far , three men 's teams , one women 's team , and a men 's under-19 have been sent to take part in the World Floorball Championships . Floorball Canada will be hosting the 2016 Women 's under-19 World Championships , to be held in Belleville , Ontario .

neg: Foreign policy of the Stephen Harper government The Conservative Party Government of Canada led by Prime Minister Stephen Harper moved away from the multilateral and internationalist policies of the Liberal Party , and reduced Canada 's emphasis on the United Nations , which was seen as dominated by corrupt dictatorships . In parallel , Harper sought to strengthen cooperation with the US , particularly in the era of mass terrorism and instability . As part of this policy , his government continued and expanded Canada 's participation in the US-led anti-terror campaign in Afghanistan , which began following al Qaida 's mass attacks on September 11 , 2001 , and in the Iraq conflict that began under President George W. Bush in March 2003 . In addition , under the Harper governments and through the actions of Foreign Affairs Ministers Peter MacKay and John Baird , Canada developed a leadership position in developing a principled alternative to the United Nations , involving the participation of the world 's open and democratic countries .


query: Music Bank (TV series) has been hosted by a South Korean actress born in 1981.

pos: Music Bank (TV series) Music Bank is a South Korean music program which airs every Friday at 17:00 KST on KBS2 . As of 2015 , the show is also broadcast in more than a hundred countries through KBS World . Episodes are filmed at the KBS New Wing Open Hall in Yeouido-dong , Yeongdeungpo-gu . The show also organizes the global live concert Music Bank World Tour .   Since November 2016 , it is hosted by Lee Seo-won and Laboum 's Solbin . Past hosts include Song Hye-kyo , Rain , Ji Sung , Song Joong-ki , Uee , Yoon Bo-ra , Park Seo-joon , Irene , and Park Bo-gum .

pos: Song Hye-kyo Song Hye-kyo ( born November 22 , 1981 ) is a South Korean actress . She gained popularity through her leading roles in television dramas Autumn in My Heart ( 2000 ) , All In ( 2003 ) , Full House ( 2004 ) , That Winter , the Wind Blows ( 2013 ) and Descendants of the Sun ( 2016 ) which achieved pan-Asia success . The success of Song 's television dramas internationally established her as a top Hallyu star . She has also starred in films Hwang Jin Yi ( 2007 ) , The Grandmaster ( 2013 ) , My Brilliant Life ( 2014 ) and The Queens ( 2015 ) .   In 2017 , she ranked 7th in Forbes magazine 's Korea Power Celebrity list . The success of Song 's television dramas internationally established her as a top Hallyu star .

neg: Kim Bo-ra Kim Bo-ra ( born September 28 , 1995 ) is a South Korean actress .

neg: Park Ha-na Park Ha-na ( born July 25 , 1985 ) is a South Korean actress . Park made her entertainment debut in 2003 as a member of the idol group FUNNY . Since then , she has turned to acting and was in the lead role in Apgujeong Midnight Sun ( 2014 ) .

neg: Kim Na-young (television personality) Kim Na-young ( ; born December 8 , 1981 ) is a South Korean television personality , comedian , and fashionista . She was a cast member in the variety show We Got Married .

neg: Kim Hye-ok Kim Hye-ok ( born May 9 , 1958 ) is a South Korean actress .

neg: Bong Tae-gyu Bong Tae-gyu ( born 19 May 1981 ) is a South Korean actor .

neg: Hyomin Park Sun-young ( born May 30 , 1989 ) , better known by her stage name Hyomin , is a South Korean singer , songwriter and actress . She is a member of South Korean girl group T-ara .

neg: Kim Su-an Kim Su-an ( ; born January 26 , 2006 ) is a South Korean actress . She is known for her role as Su-an on the film Train to Busan .

neg: WoongSan WoongSan ( born Kim Eun Young ) is an award-winning South Korean musician , actress and TV show host . She has been a leading figure in the jazz music scene in Korea and Japan for over a decade , having performed live over 500 times since her 1998 Japanese debut . She is the first Korean-born musician to perform at New York City 's historic Blue Note Jazz Club and has collaborated with many other well-known jazz musicians including Benny Green , Lonnie Plaxico , Rodney Green , Conrad Herwig and Suzuki Hisatsugu . She is also well known for training Ali ( South Korean singer ) , a popular K-pop singer .

neg: Music on Top Music On Top ( Korean : 뮤직온탑 ) was a South Korean music television program broadcast by JTBC . It airs live every Wednesday at 6:20 PM KST . It is currently hosted by Yoon Doo-joon of B2ST and actor Lee Hyun-woo . The show was put on hiatus after the March 14 , 2012 episode , but it reported to be coming back in at some indefinite date in the future ; this was a factor of having consistent low ratings ( similar to the demise of shows of like format such as Channel A ( Korea ) 's `` K-Pop Con '' and Maeil Broadcasting Network 's `` Show ! K Music '' . )

neg: Kim San-ho Kim San-ho ( born February 12 , 1982 ) is a South Korean actor . Kim is best known in musical theatre , having starred in Korean stage productions of Grease , The Fantasticks and the Kim Kwang-seok jukebox musical The Days . On television , he has also appeared in the drama Love , My Love and several seasons of the sitcom Rude Miss Young-ae .

neg: Yoo Ho-jeong Yoo Ho-jeong ( born January 24 , 1969 ) is a South Korean actress . She made her acting debut in 1991 and has been starring in television and film since . Roles include a divorcee whose husband lives next door in daily drama Definitely Neighbors ( 2010 ) , and the grown-up protagonist in box office hit Sunny ( 2011 ) .   In 2013 , Yoo became the host of her first ever variety show , the healthy food and lifestyle program Olive Show on cable channel O'live TV .

neg: Kim So-hye Kim So-hye ( born July 19 , 1999 ) is a South Korean idol singer and actress signed under S&P Entertainment . She is best known for finishing fifth in Mnet 's K-pop girl group survival show Produce 101 and for being a member of girl group I.O.I.

neg: Kim Sun-a Kim Sun-A ( born October 1 , 1975 ) is a South Korean actress . She is best known for her titular role as Kim Sam-soon in the popular television series My Lovely Sam Soon ( 2005 ) . Other notable series include City Hall ( 2009 ) and Scent of a Woman ( 2011 ) .

neg: Jang Jae-in Jang Jae-in ( Hangul : 장재인 , born June 6 , 1991 ) , also known as Jang Jane , is a South Korean singer-songwriter who finished third in the second season of South Korean reality television series Superstar K . She is currently signed to Mystic89 .

neg: Korea's Got Talent (season 2) Korea 's Got Talent is a South Korean reality television show that was first broadcast in 2012 on tvN . The show is based on the Got Talent series format , originating with Britain 's Got Talent . This is the show 's second and final series . The judges are Kolleen Park , Jang Jin and Jang Hang-Jun .

neg: Yeon Min-ji Lee Min-ji ( born May 14 , 1984 ) , better known as stage name Yeon Min-ji , is a South Korean actress and singer . She is also active in Japanese entertainment under the mononym .

neg: Park Mi-sun Park Mi-sun ( born March 10 , 1967 ) is a South Korean comedian and TV host of variety shows , notably Quiz to Change the World , Happy Together - Season 3 , and We Got Married . She also starred in the sitcoms Soonpoong Clinic , Tae-hee , Hye-kyo , Ji-hyun , and All My Love .

neg: Li Xiang (host) Li Xiang ( ; born 11 February 1976 ) is a Chinese actress , host and singer .

neg: Song Ji-hyo Cheon Soo-yeon ( born Cheon Seong-im ; born August 15 , 1981 ) , better known by her stage name Song Ji-hyo , is a South Korean actress and model . She made her acting debut in Wishing Stairs ( 2003 ) , one of Whispering Corridors film series . She then received further recognition for her roles in Princess Hours ( 2006 ) , Jumong ( 2007 ) , A Frozen Flower ( 2008 ) , New World ( 2013 ) , Emergency Couple ( 2014 ) , and My Wife 's Having an Affair this Week ( 2016 ) .   Besides acting , Song is also known for being one of the members of the South Korean variety show Running Man .

neg: Go Soo-hee Go Soo-hee ( born July 18 , 1976 ) is a South Korean actress of both television and film .


query: On October 16th, 1793, Marie Antoinette died.

pos: Marie Antoinette Marie Antoinette ( -LSB- ˈmæriˌæntwəˈnɛt -RSB- , -LSB- ˌɑ̃ːntwə - -RSB- , -LSB- ˌɑ̃ːtwə - -RSB- , -LSB- məˈriː - -RSB- -LSB- maʁi ɑ̃twanɛt -RSB- ; born Maria Antonia Josepha Johanna ( 2 November 1755 -- 16 October 1793 ) was the last Queen of France and Navarre before the French Revolution . She was born an Archduchess of Austria , and was the fifteenth and second youngest child of Empress Maria Theresa and Francis I , Holy Roman Emperor .   In April 1770 , upon her marriage to Louis-Auguste , heir apparent to the French throne , she became Dauphine of France . On 10 May 1774 , when her husband ascended the throne as Louis XVI , she became Queen of France and Navarre , a title she held until September 1791 , when , as the French Revolution proceeded , she became Queen of the French , a title she held until 21 September 1792 .   After eight years of marriage , Marie Antoinette gave birth to a daughter , Marie-Thérèse Charlotte , the first of her four children . Despite her initial popularity , a growing number of the population eventually came to dislike her , accusing her of being profligate , promiscuous , and of harbouring sympathies for France 's enemies , particularly her native Austria . The Diamond Necklace affair damaged her reputation further . During the Revolution , she became known as Madame Déficit because the country 's financial crisis was blamed on her lavish spending and her opposition to the social and financial reforms of Turgot and Necker .   During the Revolution , after the government had placed the royal family under house arrest in the Tuileries Palace in October 1789 , several events linked to Marie Antoinette , in particular the June 1791 attempted flight to Varennes and her role in the War of the First Coalition , had disastrous effects on French popular opinion . On 10 August 1792 , the attack on the Tuileries forced the royal family to take refuge at the Assembly , and on 13 August the family was imprisoned in the Temple . On 21 September 1792 , the monarchy was abolished . After a two-day trial begun on 14 October 1793 , Marie Antoinette was convicted by the Revolutionary Tribunal of high treason and executed by guillotine on the Place de la Révolution on 16 October 1793 .

neg: The Royal Palace (Bucharest) The Royal Palace in Bucharest is a monumental building situated in Bucharest , on Calea Victoriei . The large place in front of it was traditionally called `` Piața Palatului '' ( The Palace 's Place ) , but was renamed `` Piața Revoluției '' ( `` Revolution 's Square '' ) after the Romanian Revolution of 1989 .   The Palace is the largest and most significant Royal residence in Romania , containing emblematic official spaces such as the Throne Hall ( Sala Tronului ) , the Royal Dining Hall ( Sufrageria Regală ) and the monumental Voivodes ' Staircase ( Scara Voievozilor ) .   During World War II , a complete rebuild of the Palace 's Place was planned , in order to underline the Royal Palace 's full monumentality , but this architectural project was never completed .   On December 30th , 1947 , a sudden Communist coup d'etat supported by the Soviet military ( that occupied Romania after the end of WWII ) forced HM King Michael I to sign an unconstitutional act of abdication and go in exile for 50 years . Romanian people was never consulted via a referendum . The Romanian Popular Republic was proclaimed the same evening , during a rigged Parliament assembly . After the installation of the Republican regime , the National Museum of Art of Romania was hosted in the Royal Palace .   After the Romanian Revolution , HM King Michael and HM Queen Anne were allowed for a first visit in the country in April 1992 ( despite their attempts to do that immediately after the events ) . The two-day visit was a historical event , the press reporting more than one million people warmly greeting the King in the streets . After that , the Romanian post-Communist authorities denied him a second visit until 1997 , when a newly-installed government under Victor Ciorbea abolished the Communist decree that banned the King 's Romanian citizenship , effectively allowing him to regain ID documents and permanently move in the country .   Since then , the Romanian Royal Family does regular public activities for Romania 's official representation worldwide .   Since the Royal Palace presently hosts a museum , the Romanian Royal Family ( HM King Michael , HRH Crown Princess Margareta and the other members ) now uses Elisabeta Palace as its official residence in Bucharest .

neg: Princess Thérèse of France Thérèse de France , ( Marie Thérèse Félicité ; 16 May 1736 -- 28 September 1744 ) was a French Princesse du Sang .

neg: Caroline Lacroix Blanche Zélia Joséphine Delacroix , better known as Caroline Lacroix ( 13 May 1883 -- 12 February 1948 ) was the most prominent and notorious of Leopold II of Belgium 's mistresses .   Delacroix , who was of French origin , met the king in Paris as a young girl , when she was only 16 and he was 65 . At that time , she earned her living as a prostitute . They soon embarked upon a relationship that was to last until his death in 1909 . Leopold lavished upon her large sums of money , estates , gifts , and a noble title , Baroness Vaughan . Because of these presents , Caroline was deeply unpopular both among the Belgian people and internationally , as Leopold became increasingly criticized for his greed-induced actions in the Congo Free State , his own personal colony . As Caroline largely profited off the income from the colony , she became known as La reine du Congo ( `` the Queen of Congo '' ) .   She and Leopold married in a religious ceremony five days before his death , though their failure to perform a civil ceremony rendered the marriage void under Belgian law . After the king 's death , it was soon discovered that he had left Caroline numerous properties , items of high material value , Congolese bonds , and other valuable sources of income -- all of which turned her into a multimillionaire . For years the Belgian government and Leopold 's three estranged daughters attempted to recover some of this wealth , with their success varying depending on the case . Caroline died on 12 February 1948 in Cambo-les-Bains , France .

neg: Armand de Pontmartin Armand Augustin Joseph Marie Ferrard , Comte de Pontmartin ( 1811-1890 ) , French critic and man of letters , was born at Avignon ( Vaucluse ) on 16 July 1811 . Imbued by family tradition with legitimist sympathies , he began by attacking the followers of the encyclopaedists and their successors . In the Assemblée nationale he published his Causeries litteraires , a series of attacks on prominent Liberals , which created some sensation .   Pontmartin was an indefatigable journalist , and most of his papers were eventually published in volume form : Contes et reveries d'un planteur de choux ( 1845 ) ; Causeries du samedi ( 1857-1860 ) ; Nouveaux samedis ( 1865-1881 ) , & c . But the most famous of all his books is Les Jeudis de Mme. Charbonneau ( 1862 ) , which under the form of a novel offered a series of malicious and witty portraits of contemporary writers . Pontmartin died at Avignon on 29 March 1890 .

neg: Luxembourg Palace The Luxembourg Palace ( Palais du Luxembourg , -LSB- pa.lɛ dy lyk.sɑ̃.buːʁ -RSB- ) is located at 15 rue de Vaugirard in the 6th arrondissement of Paris . It was originally built ( 1615 -- 1645 ) to the designs of the French architect Salomon de Brosse to be the royal residence of the regent Marie de ' Medici , mother of Louis XIII of France . After the Revolution it was refashioned ( 1799 -- 1805 ) by Jean Chalgrin into a legislative building and subsequently greatly enlarged and remodeled ( 1835 -- 1856 ) by Alphonse de Gisors . Since 1958 it has been the seat of the French Senate of the Fifth Republic .   Immediately west of the palace on the rue de Vaugirard is the Petit Luxembourg , now the residence of the Senate President ; and slightly further west , the Musée du Luxembourg , in the former orangery . On the south side of the palace , the formal Luxembourg Garden presents a 25-hectare green parterre of gravel and lawn populated with statues and large basins of water where children sail model boats .

neg: Princess Maria Carolina of Savoy Maria Carolina of Savoy ( Maria Carolina Antonietta Adelaide ; 17 January 1764 -- 28 December 1782 ) was a Princess of Savoy from her birth . She was the youngest daughter of the future Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia and married in 1781 to the Electoral Prince of Saxony . She died of Smallpox aged eighteen .

neg: Duc de Brancas The title duc de Brancas may refer to a number of hereditary office-holders under the Ancien Régime of France . The most famous holder of that title was a member of the social circle of Philippe II , Duke of Orléans , who served as Regent of France from 1715 to 1723 . Brancas was known to be amusing , good-natured , and attracted to young men .   Despite his high title , Brancas was not wealthy , but he solidly refused to exploit his relationship with France 's regent in return for financial gain . Such a lack of corruption was rare at the time , and put the family in strained circumstances . Brancas ' heir , the marquis d'Oise , would have to sign a marriage contract with a three-year-old girl from a wealthy background when the Marquis was himself thirty-three in order to support the Brancas family .   When Brancas reached the age that he had to pay young men to sleep with him , he decided to give up on secular life and retired to a monastery . The Regent was so distraught at losing his friend that he cried twice during their last supper together . Brancas died in 1739 , at the age of seventy-six . Despite Brancas ' rectitude in regard to his position , he formed part of a pleasure-loving circle around the Regent which alienated France 's conservatives and undermined conservative support for the Regency .

neg: Empress Elisabeth of Austria Duchess Elisabeth in Bavaria ( 24 December 1837 -- 10 September 1898 ) was the wife of Emperor Franz Joseph I , and thus Empress of Austria and Queen of Hungary , and many others ( see Grand title of the Empress of Austria ) .   Born into the royal Bavarian house of Wittelsbach , Elisabeth ( also called `` Sisi '' ) enjoyed an informal upbringing before marrying Emperor Franz Joseph I at the age of sixteen . The marriage thrust her into the much more formal Habsburg court life , for which she was ill-prepared and which she found uncongenial . Early in the marriage she was at odds with her mother-in-law , Archduchess Sophie , who took over the rearing of Elisabeth 's daughters , one of whom , Sophie , died in infancy . The birth of a male heir , Rudolf , improved her standing at court considerably , but her health suffered under the strain , and she would often visit Hungary for its more relaxed environment . She came to develop a deep kinship with Hungary , and helped to bring about the dual monarchy of Austria -- Hungary in 1867 .   The death of her only son Rudolf , and his mistress Mary Vetsera , in a murder -- suicide tragedy at his hunting lodge at Mayerling in 1889 was a blow from which Elisabeth never recovered . She withdrew from court duties and travelled widely , unaccompanied by her family . She was obsessively concerned with maintaining her youthful figure and beauty , which was already legendary during her life . While travelling in Geneva in 1898 , she was stabbed to death by an Italian anarchist named Luigi Lucheni . Elisabeth was the longest serving Empress of Austria , at 44 years .

neg: Emmanuel Marie Michel Philippe Fréteau de Saint-Just Emmanuel Marie Michel Philippe Fréteau de Saint-Just ( 28 March 1745 -- 14 June 1794 ) was a French nobleman and an elected representative of the Second Estate during the French Revolution . He was a politically liberal deputy to the Estates-General of 1789 and worked for the cause of constitutional monarchy . In 1789 , Fréteau de Saint-Just served two terms as President of the National Constituent Assembly .   As the Revolution became more radical , Fréteau de Saint-Just became politically marginalized , and by 1792 he had retired from national politics completely . Nonetheless , his aristocratic background drew increasing ire from militant revolutionaries until he was finally arrested and executed at the guillotine in 1794 during the Reign of Terror .

neg: Anne, Queen of Great Britain Anne ( 6 February 1665 -- 1 August 1714 ) became Queen of England , Scotland and Ireland on 8 March 1702 . On 1 May 1707 , under the Acts of Union , two of her realms , the kingdoms of England and Scotland , united as a single sovereign state known as Great Britain . She continued to reign as Queen of Great Britain and Ireland until her death .   Anne was born in the reign of her uncle Charles II , who had no legitimate children . Her father , James , was first in line to the throne . His suspected Roman Catholicism was unpopular in England , and on Charles 's instructions Anne was raised as an Anglican . Three years after he succeeded Charles , James was deposed in the `` Glorious Revolution '' of 1688 . Anne 's Dutch Protestant brother-in-law and cousin William III became joint monarch with his wife , Anne 's elder sister Mary II . Although the sisters had been close , disagreements over Anne 's finances , status and choice of acquaintances arose shortly after Mary 's accession and they became estranged . William and Mary had no children . After Mary 's death in 1694 , William continued as sole monarch until he was succeeded by Anne upon his death in 1702 .   As queen , Anne favoured moderate Tory politicians , who were more likely to share her Anglican religious views than their opponents , the Whigs . The Whigs grew more powerful during the course of the War of the Spanish Succession , until in 1710 Anne dismissed many of them from office . Her close friendship with Sarah Churchill , Duchess of Marlborough , turned sour as the result of political differences .   Anne was plagued by ill health throughout her life . From her thirties onwards , she grew increasingly lame and obese . Despite seventeen pregnancies by her husband , Prince George of Denmark , she died without any surviving children and was the last monarch of the House of Stuart . Under the terms of the Act of Settlement 1701 , she was succeeded by her second cousin George I of the House of Hanover , who was a descendant of the Stuarts through his maternal grandmother , Elizabeth , a daughter of James VI and I.

neg: Louis Marie Fontan Louis Marie Fontan ( November 4 , 1801 -- October 10 , 1839 ) , a French man of letters , was born in Lorient and died in Thiais .   He began his career as a clerk in a government office , but was dismissed for taking part in a political banquet . At the age of nineteen he went to Paris and began to contribute to the Tablettes and the Album . He was brought to trial for political articles written for the latter paper , but defended himself so energetically that he secured indefinite postponement of his trial .   The offending paper was suppressed for a time , and Fontan produced a collection of political poems , Odes et epîtres , and a number of plays , of which Perkins Warbec ( 1828 ) , written in collaboration with MM . Halévy and Drouineau , was the most successful . In 1828 the Album was revived , and in it Fontan published a virulent but witty attack on Charles X , entitled Le Mouton enrage ( June 10 , 1829 ) .   To escape the inevitable prosecution Fontan fled over the frontier , but , finding no safe asylum , he returned to Paris to give himself up to the authorities , and was sentenced to five years ' imprisonment and a heavy fine . He was liberated by the revolution of 1830 , and his Jeanne la folle , performed in the same year , gained a success due perhaps more to sympathy with the author 's political principles than to the merits of the piece itself , a somewhat crude and violent picture of Breton history .   A drama representing the trial of Marshal Ney , which he wrote in collaboration with Charles Dupeuty , Le Proces d'un maréchal de France ( printed 1831 ) , was suppressed on the night of its production . Fontan died in Thiais on 10 October 1839 .   A sympathetic portrait of Fontan as a prisoner , and an analysis of his principal works , are to be found in Jules Janin 's Histoire de la littérature dramatique , vol . i and also in Eugène Briffault 's biographical portrait `` Fontan '' in the collection Nouvelles parisiennes ( 1843 ) .   Category :19 th-century French dramatists and playwrights  Category :19 th-century male writers  Category : People from Lorient  Category :1801 births  Category :1839 deaths

neg: Louise-Élisabeth de Croÿ de Tourzel Louise-Élisabeth de Croÿ de Tourzel ( Louise Élisabeth Félicité Françoise Armande Anne Marie Jeanne Joséphine de Croÿ de Tourzel ) 11 June 1749 -- 15 May 1832 ) , the Marquise de Tourzel ( later Duchess ) was a French noblewoman and courtier to the royal court of King Louis XVI . She was the last governess to the royal children of Louis and his wife , Queen Marie Antoinette . Decades after the French Revolution , de Tourzel published widely read memoirs , which presented a unique perspective on the royal family .

neg: List of women who died in childbirth This is a list of notable women , either famous themselves or closely associated with someone well known , who suffered maternal death as defined by the World Health Organization ( WHO ) :   `` the death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy , irrespective of the duration and site of the pregnancy , from any cause related to or aggravated by the pregnancy or its management but not from accidental or incidental causes . ''   Note that this wording includes abortion , miscarriage , stillbirth , and ectopic pregnancy . Generally , there is a distinction between a direct maternal death that is the result of a complication of the pregnancy , delivery , or management of the two , and an indirect maternal death that is a pregnancy-related death in a woman with a pre-existing or newly developed health problem unrelated to pregnancy . Fatalities during but unrelated to a pregnancy are termed accidental , incidental , or non-obstetrical maternal deaths .   However , the WHO definition is only one of many ; other definitions may include accidental and incidental causes . Cases with `` incidental causes '' include deaths secondary to violence against women that may be related to the pregnancy and be affected by the socioeconomic and cultural environment . Also , it has been reported that about 10 % of maternal deaths may occur late , that is after 42 days after a termination or delivery ; thus , some definitions extend the period of observation to one year after the end of gestation .

neg: Dauphin of France The Dauphin of France ( -LSB- pronˈdɔːfᵻn -RSB- , also -LSB- ˈdəufæn -RSB- and -LSB- douˈfæn -RSB- Dauphin de France , -LSB- dofɛ̃ -RSB- ) -- strictly The Dauphin of Viennois ( Dauphin de Viennois ) -- was the title given to the heir apparent to the throne of France from 1350 to 1791 and 1824 to 1830 . The word is French for dolphin , as a reference to the depiction of the animal on their coat of arms .

neg: Louis Antoine de Saint-Just Louis Antoine Léon de Saint-Just ( -LSB- sɛ̃ʒyst -RSB- ; 25 August 176728 July 1794 ) was a military and political leader during the French Revolution . The youngest of the deputies elected to the National Convention in 1792 , Saint-Just rose quickly in their ranks and became a major leader of the government of the French First Republic . He spearheaded the movement to execute King Louis XVI and later drafted the radical French Constitution of 1793 .   He became a close friend of Maximilien Robespierre , and served with him as one of the commissioners of the powerful Committee of Public Safety . Dispatched as a commissar to the army during its rocky start in the French Revolutionary Wars , Saint-Just imposed severe discipline , and he was credited by many for the army 's subsequent revival at the front . Back in Paris , he supervised the consolidation of Robespierre 's power through a ruthless and bloody program of intimidation . In his relatively brief time on the historical stage , he became the enduring public face of the Reign of Terror and was dubbed the `` Angel of Death '' by later writers . Saint-Just organized the arrests and prosecutions of many of the most famous figures of the Revolution .   Saint-Just was arrested in the violent episode of 9 Thermidor and executed the next day with Robespierre and their allies . In many histories of the Revolution , their deaths at the guillotine mark the end of the Reign of Terror .

neg: Mary of Guise Mary of Guise ( Marie de Guise 22 November 1515 -- 11 June 1560 ) was Queen of Scots from 1538 to 1542 as the second wife of King James V . She was the mother of Mary , Queen of Scots , and served as Regent of Scotland in her daughter 's name from 1554 to 1560 . A native of Lorraine , she was a member of the powerful House of Guise , which played a prominent role in 16th-century French politics . Her main goal was a close alliance between the powerful French Catholic nation and smaller Scotland , which she wanted to be Catholic and independent of England . She failed , and at her death the Protestants took control of Scotland , with her own grandson achieving the Union of the Crowns a few decades later .

neg: Paris Commune (French Revolution) The Paris Commune during the French Revolution was the government of Paris from 1792 until 1795 . Established in the Hôtel de Ville just after the storming of the Bastille , it consisted of 144 delegates elected by the 48 divisions of the city . The Paris Commune became insurrectionary in the summer of 1792 , essentially refusing to take orders from the central French government . It took charge of routine civic functions but is best known for mobilizing extreme views and actions among the people and for its campaign to dechristianize the churches and the people . It lost much power in 1794 and was replaced in 1795 .   The first mayor was Jean Sylvain Bailly ; he was succeeded on November 1791 by Pétion de Villeneuve after Bailly 's unpopular use of the National Guard to disperse a riotous assembly in the Champ de Mars ( 17 July 1791 ) .   In 1792 , the Commune was dominated by those Jacobins who were not in the Legislative Assembly due to the Self-Denying Ordinance .   On the night of 9 August 1792 a new revolutionary Commune , led by Georges Danton , Camille Desmoulins and Jacques Hébert took possession of the Hôtel de Ville ; the next day insurgents assailed the Tuileries , where the royal family resided . During the ensuing constitutional crisis , the collapsing Legislative Assembly of France was heavily dependent on the Commune for the effective power that allowed it to continue to function as a legislature . The all-powerful Commune demanded custody of the royal family , imprisoning them in the Temple fortress . A list of `` opponents of the Revolution '' was drawn up , the gates to the city were sealed , and on 28 August the citizens were subjected to domiciliary visits , ostensibly in a search for muskets .   It was not until 1792 that the government had a formal cabinet in place , with the appointment of the Ministers of the French National Convention and the decision of the Commissioners of the Committee of Public Safety in 1794 to take charge of administrative departments .   The government of the republic was succeeded by the French Directory in November 1795 .

neg: Marie Anne de Bourbon (1689–1720) Marie Anne de Bourbon ( 18 April 1689 -- 21 March 1720 ) was a princess of the blood at the French court of Versailles . She was the first wife of Louis Henri de Bourbon and as such was the Duchess of Bourbon and Princess of Condé by marriage . She died childless during the Regency of Philippe d'Orléans . She was known as the younger duchess as opposed to her mother-in-law , the older duchess . Despite her husband being the Prince of Condé , he continued to use the title of Duke of Bourbon , the title by which his wife was known .

neg: History of fashion design The history of fashion design refers to the development of the fashion industry which designs clothing and accessories . The modern industry , based around firms or fashion houses run by individual designers , started in the 19th century with Charles Frederick Worth who was the first designer to have his label sewn into the garments that he created .   Couture beginnings . Rose Bertin ( July 2 , 1747 -- September 22 , 1813 ) was the dressmaker named bill to Marie Antoinette , Queen of France , and a high public profile . Sometimes called sarcastically the `` Minister of Fashion '' , she opened a shop in Paris and had a considerable influence on Parisian style , until this was drastically changed by the French Revolution , from which she fled into exile in London for some years .   An outsider to the French Court , Marie Antoinette relied on Bertin 's meticulous designs to help her `` to combat her enemies with style '' . -LSB- 1 -RSB- Marie Antoinette 's unique fashion preferences such as masculine riding breeches or simple muslin shift dressed , contrasted sharply with her elaborate gowns as the Queen attempted to create a persona that would allow the citizens of France to connect with her and her lifestyle . Although Marie Antoinette 's attempts were largely unsuccessful , the ways Bertin helped the Queen articulate herself through fashion were groundbreaking and set a precedent for monarchs who followed . -LSB- 2 -RSB-   An Englishman living in Paris , Charles Frederick Worth ( 1825 - 1905 ) is usually seen as the first designer in something like the modern sense , with a large business employing many largely anonymous tailors and seamstresses . A former draper , Worth 's success was such that he was able to dictate what they should wear to his customers . Launched into the spotlight as the Empress Eugénie 's primary designer , Worth used his royal connections to gain recognition and clients . The proclamation on February 1 , 1853 by Napolón III that no visitors would be received to his court without formal dress meant that the popularity of Worth-style gowns was overwhelming . Ornately decorated and constructed from the finest materials , Worth 's gowns are well known for their crinolines ( cage-like metal structures that held the dress out in a stylish shape .  Throughout the early 20th century , practically all high fashion originated in Paris and to a lesser extent London . Fashion magazines from other countries sent editors to the Paris fashion shows . Department stores sent buyers to the Paris shows , where they purchased garments to copy ( and openly stole the style lines and trim details of others ) . Both made-to-measure salons and ready-to-wear departments featured the latest Paris trends , adapted to the stores ' assumptions about the lifestyles and pocket books of their targeted customers .   At this time in history the division between haute couture and ready-to-wear was not sharply defined . The two separate modes of production were still far from being competitors and they often co-existed in houses where the seamstresses moved freely between made-to-measure and ready-made .   Around the start of the 20th century fashion magazines began to include photographs and became even more influential . Throughout the world these magazines were greatly sought-after and had a profound effect on public taste . Talented illustrators - among them Paul Iribe , Georges Lepape , Erté , and George Barbier - drew attractive fashion plates for these publications , which covered the most recent developments in fashion and beauty . Perhaps the most famous of these magazines was La Gazette du Bon Ton which was founded in 1912 by Lucien Vogel and regularly published until 1925 .

neg: Aglaé de Polignac Aglaé Louise Françoise Gabrielle de Polignac ( 7 May 1768 -- 30 March 1803 ) was the daughter of Gabrielle de Polastron , the favourite and confidante of Marie Antoinette , and her husband , the 1st duc de Polignac .   Her paternal grandparents were Marquis Louis Héracle Melchior de Polignac ( 1717 -- 1792 ) and his wife , Diane Marie Adelaide Zephirine Mazzarini-Mancini ( 1726 -- 1755 ) . Her maternal grandparents were Jean François Gabriel , comte de Polastron , and his wife , Jeanne Charlotte Hérault .   Aglaé Louise was born at the Château de Versailles in Paris , France , the eldest child and only daughter of the Duke and Duchess of Polignac . She had three brothers : Armand Jules Marie Héracle , duc de Polignac ( 11 January 1771 -- 1 March 1847 ) ; Jules Auguste Armand Marie , prince de Polignac ( 14 May 1780 -- 30 March 1847 ) ; and Camille Henri Melchior , comte de Polignac ( 27 December 1781 -- 2 February 1855 ) .   At the Château de Versailles , on 11 July 1780 , at the age of twelve , Aglaé married the duc de Gramont et Guiche . She then became the Duchess of Guiche and was nicknamed `` Guichette '' by her family . Her son Antoine-Geneviève-Héraclius-Agénor de Gramont became the 9th Duke of Gramont . Her daughter Corisande Armandine Léonie Sophie de Gramont married Charles Bennet , 5th Earl of Tankerville , and another daughter , Aglaé Angélique Gabrielle de Gramont , was married in turn to Russian general Alexander Lvovich Davydov and French diplomat Horace Sébastiani .   In 1794 , according to The Memoirs of Madame Vigée Lebrun , Marie-Élisabeth-Louise Vigée-Le Brun painted a half-length portrait of the Duchess de Guiche wearing a blue turban , in Directoire style . She wrote : '' ... I encountered the Duchesse de Guiche , whose lovely face had not changed in the least . ''   On 30 March 1803 , Aglaé de Polignac died in an accidental house fire at her home in Edinburgh , Scotland .   Category :1768 births  Category :1803 deaths  Category :18 th-century French people  Category : Accidental deaths in Scotland  Category : Deaths from fire  Category : People from Versailles  Category : Polignac family


query: Asteroid Day is an event.

pos: Asteroid Day Asteroid Day ( also known as International Asteroid Day ) is an annual global event that aims to raise awareness about asteroids and what can be done to protect the Earth , its families , communities , and future generations . Asteroid Day is held on the anniversary of the June 30 , 1908 Siberian Tunguska event , the most harmful known asteroid-related event on Earth in recent history . The United Nations has proclaimed that Asteroid Day will be observed globally on June 30 every year in its resolution .   It was co-founded by filmmaker Grigorij Richters , B612 Foundation COO Danica Remy , Apollo 9 astronaut Rusty Schweickart and Brian May , Queen guitarist and astrophysicist . Over 200 astronauts , scientists , technologists and artists , including Richard Dawkins , Bill Nye , Peter Gabriel , Jim Lovell , Apollo 11 Astronaut Michael Collins , Alexei Leonov , Bill Anders , Kip Thorne , Lord Martin Rees , Chris Hadfield , Rusty Schweickart and Brian Cox co-signed the Asteroid Day Declaration . Asteroid Day was officially launched on December 3 , 2014 .

neg: 1216 Askania 1216 Askania , provisional designation 1932 BL , is a stony main-belt asteroid discovered on January 29 , 1932 , by Karl Reinmuth at Heidelberg Observatory , Germany . The S-type asteroid is a member of the Flora family , the largest of all known asteroid families .   Light curve observations show a periodicity of hours , during which time the brightness of the body varies by in magnitude .   It was named after `` Askania Werke AG '' , a manufacturer of optical and astronomical instruments in Berlin ( also see Cinetheodolite ) . The company went on to develop the auto pilot of the V-1 bomb in the following years .

neg: List of minor-planet groups A minor-planet group is a population of minor planets that share broadly similar orbits . Members are generally unrelated to each other , unlike in an asteroid family , which often results from the break-up of a single asteroid . It is customary to name a group of asteroids after the first member of that group to be discovered , which is often the largest .

neg: 35 Leukothea 35 Leukothea ( -LSB- uːˈkɒθiə -RSB- , Greek : Λευκοθέα ) is a large , dark asteroid from the asteroid belt It was discovered by German astronomer Karl Theodor Robert Luther on April 19 , 1855 , and named after Leukothea , a sea goddess in Greek mythology . 35 Leukothea is a C-type asteroid in the Tholen classification system .   Photometric observations of this asteroid from the Organ Mesa Observatory in Las Cruces , New Mexico during 2010 gave a light curve with a period of 31.900 ± 0.001 hours and a brightness variability of 0.42 ± 0.04 in magnitude . This is consistent with previous studies in 1990 and 2008 .   The computed Lyapunov time for this asteroid is 20,000 years , indicating that it occupies a chaotic orbit that will change randomly over time because of gravitational perturbations of the planets .

neg: Transit of Mercury A transit of Mercury across the Sun takes place when the planet Mercury passes directly between the Sun and a superior planet , becoming visible against ( and hence obscuring a small portion of ) the solar disk . During a transit , Mercury appears as a tiny black dot moving across the disk of the Sun .   Transits of Mercury with respect to Earth are much more frequent than transits of Venus , with about 13 or 14 per century , in part because Mercury is closer to the Sun and orbits it more rapidly .   Transits of Mercury occur in May or November . The last four transits occurred on November 15 , 1999 ; May 7 , 2003 ; November 8 , 2006 ; and May 9 , 2016 . The next will occur on November 11 , 2019 , and then on November 13 , 2032 . A typical transit lasts several hours .   On June 3 , 2014 , the Mars rover Curiosity observed the planet Mercury transiting the Sun , marking the first time a planetary transit has been observed from a celestial body besides Earth .   More generally , transits can also occur for Venus and were investigated in the context of searching for the hypothetical inner planet Vulcan .

neg: (29075) 1950 DA ( 29075 ) 1950 DA is a near-Earth asteroid . Among asteroids more than 1 km in diameter , it is notable for having the highest known probability of impacting Earth . In 2002 , it had the highest Palermo rating with a value of 0.17 for a possible collision in 2880 . Since that time , the estimated risk has been updated several times . In December 2015 , the odds of an Earth impact were revised to 1 in 8,330 ( 0.012 % ) with a Palermo rating of − 1.42 . ( 29075 ) 1950 DA is not assigned a Torino scale rating , because the 2880 date is over 100 years in the future .

neg: Double planet In astronomy , a double planet ( also binary planet ) is a binary system where both objects are of planetary mass . The term is not recognized by the International Astronomical Union and is therefore not an official classification . At its 2006 General Assembly , the International Astronomical Union considered a proposal that Pluto and Charon be reclassified as a double planet , but the proposal was abandoned in favor of the current definition of planet . In promotional materials advertising the SMART-1 mission and pre-dating the IAU planet definition , the European Space Agency once referred to the Earth -- Moon system as a double planet .   Some binary asteroids with components of roughly equal mass are sometimes informally referred to as double minor planets . These include binary asteroids 69230 Hermes and 90 Antiope and binary Kuiper belt objects ( KBOs ) 79360 Sila -- Nunam and .

neg: (332446) 2008 AF4 is an asteroid which was listed on the Sentry Risk Table in January 2008 with a Torino Scale rating of 1 . The asteroid showed a 1 in 71,000 chance of impact on 9 January 2089 . It was briefly downgraded to Torino Scale 0 in February 2008 , but still showed a cumulative 1 in 53,000 chance of an impact . In March it was back at Torino Scale 1 with a 1 in 28,000 chance of impact on 9 January 2089 . By mid April 2008 , it was back to Torino Scale 0 . It was removed from the Sentry Risk Table on 19 December 2009 .

neg: Indiana Asteroid Program The Indiana Asteroid Program was a photographic astronomical survey of asteroids during 1949 -- 1967 , at the U.S. Goethe Link Observatory near Brooklyn , Indiana . The program was initiated by Frank K. Edmondson of Indiana University using a 10-inch f/6 .5 Cooke triplet astrographic camera .   Its objectives included recovering asteroids that were far from their predicted positions , making new orbital calculations or revising old ones , deriving magnitudes accurate to about 0.1 mag , and training students .   When the observatory 's 36-inch ( 0.91-meter ) reflecting telescope proved unsuitable for searching for asteroids , postdoctoral fellow James Cuffey arranged the permanent loan of a 10-inch ( 25-centimeter ) lens from the University of Cincinnati . Mounted in a shed near the main observatory , the instrument using the borrowed lens was responsible for all of the program 's discoveries .   By 1958 , the program had produced 3,500 photographic plates showing 12,000 asteroid images and had published about 2,000 accurate positions in the Minor Planet Circular . When the program ended in 1967 , it had discovered a total of 119 asteroids . The program 's highest numbered discovery , 30718 Records , made in 1955 , was not named until November 2007 .   The program ended when the lights of the nearby city of Indianapolis became too bright to permit the long exposures required for the photographic plates . The program 's nearly 7,000 photographic plates are now archived at Lowell Observatory .

neg: 1581 Abanderada 1581 Abanderada ( 1950 LA1 ) is a main belt asteroid discovered on June 15 , 1950 , by Miguel Itzigsohn at the La Plata Astronomical Observatory in La Plata , Argentina . This object is named in honor of Argentine first lady Eva Perón , and its name may be translated from Spanish as `` woman with a banner '' - an appellation frequently used in reference to her as a crusader for social and political change . The asteroids 1569 Evita , 1582 Martir , 1588 Descamisada and 1589 Fanatica were also discovered by Itzigsohn near to the time he first detected Abanderada , and were also given names in tribute to Perón . Measurements by IRAS show the asteroid has a low albedo of 0.05 .

neg: 54 Alexandra 54 Alexandra is a very large and dark main-belt asteroid . It was discovered by German-French astronomer Hermann Goldschmidt on September 10 , 1858 , and named after the German explorer Alexander von Humboldt ; it was the first asteroid to be named after a male .   On May 17 , 2005 , this asteroid occulted a faint star ( magnitude 8.5 ) and the event was observed and timed in a number of locations within the U.S. and Mexico . As a result , a silhouette profile was produced , yielding a roughly oval cross-section with dimensions of 160 × 135 km ( ± 1 km ) .   Photometric observations of this asteroid during 1990 -- 92 gave a light curve with a period of 18.14 ± 0.04 hours and a brightness variation of 0.10 in magnitude . Alexandra has been studied by radar . It was the namesake and largest member of the former Alexandra asteroid family ; a dynamic group of C-type asteroids that share similar orbital elements . Other members included 70 Panopaea and 145 Adeona . 145 Adeona was subsequently assigned to the Adeona family , with Alexandra and Panopaea being dropped .

neg: 2003 Harding 2003 Harding , also designated 6559 P -- L , is an asteroid in the asteroid belt discovered on September 24 , 1960 , by the three astronomers Cornelis van Houten , Ingrid van Houten-Groeneveld and Tom Gehrels at Palomar , California . The asteroid is a member of the Eos family . Orbiting the Sun at a distance of 2.7 -- 3.4 AU once every 5 years and 4 months , the asteroid 's path is nearly coplanar to the plane of the ecliptic with an orbital inclination of less than 2 degrees . It has a short rotation period of three hours .   The designation P -- L stands for Palomar -- Leiden , named after Palomar Observatory and Leiden Observatory , which collaborated on the fruitful Palomar -- Leiden survey in the 1960s . Gehrels used Palomar 's Samuel Oschin telescope ( also known as the 48-inch Schmidt Telescope ) , and shipped the photographic plates to Cornelis Johannes van Houten and Ingrid van Houten-Groeneveld at Leiden Observatory in the Netherlands . The trio are credited with several thousand asteroid discoveries .   The asteroid is named after German astronomer Karl Ludwig Harding ( 1765 -- 1834 ) , who discovered the minor planet 3 Juno . He is also honored by the lunar crater Harding .

neg: Asteroid spectral types Asteroids are assigned a type based on spectral shape , color , and sometimes albedo . These types are thought to correspond to an asteroid 's surface composition . For small bodies that are not internally differentiated , the surface and internal compositions are presumably similar , while large bodies such as 1 Ceres and 4 Vesta are known to have internal structure .   A list of types can be found at : Category : Asteroid spectral classes .

neg: List of Jupiter trojans (Greek camp) This is a list of Jupiter trojans that lie in the Greek camp , an elongated , curved region around the leading Lagrangian point , 60 ° ahead of Jupiter 's orbit .   All the asteroids at Jupiter 's point have names corresponding to participants on the Greek side of the Trojan War , except for 624 Hektor , which was named before this naming convention was instituted . Correspondingly , 617 Patroclus is a Greek-named asteroid at the `` Trojan '' Lagrangian point .   Trojans in the Greek and Trojan camp are discovered mainly in turns , because they are separated by 120 ° , and for a period of time one group of trojans will be behind the Sun , and the other will be visible .  List of Jupiter trojans ( Greek camp ) ( 1 -- 100000 )  List of Jupiter trojans ( Greek camp ) ( 100001 -- 200000 )  List of Jupiter trojans ( Greek camp ) ( 200001 -- 300000 )  List of Jupiter trojans ( Greek camp ) ( 300001 -- 400000 )  List of Jupiter trojans ( Greek camp ) ( 400001 -- 500000 )

neg: 513 Centesima 513 Centesima is a 50 km Main-belt asteroid orbiting the Sun . It is one of the core members of the Eos family of asteroids . Relatively little is known about this tiny asteroid . It is not known to possess any natural satellites , so its mass is unknown , and therefore can only be estimated . However , it has a rather rapid rotation period of just over 5 hours . This fact can be utilized to determine that the asteroid must be exceptionally dense in order for it to not fall apart . This enables a density estimate . It was discovered August 24 , 1903 by late 19th and early 20th century astronomer Max Wolf . It was his 100th asteroid discovery , hence the name , which in Latin , means `` hundredth '' .

neg: Lazarus comet A Lazarus comet is a small body within the main asteroid belt that is not an asteroid , but a comet that has been trapped and may be re-energized into being a live comet . Astronomers are referring to this region of the asteroid belt as a comet graveyard , but calling these comets `` Lazarus '' because of their potential to be `` resurrected '' .

neg: 2062 Aten 2062 Aten ( -LSB- ˈɑːtən -RSB- ) is an asteroid that was discovered at the Palomar Mountain Observatory by Eleanor F. Helin , who was the principal scientist for the NEAT ( Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking ) project until she retired in 2002 . It is named after Aten , the Egyptian god of the solar disk .   Aten was the first asteroid found to have a semi-major orbital axis of less than one astronomical unit . A new category of asteroids was thus created , the Atens . As of July 2004 about 16 Atens were numbered and some 212 were provisional , the unnumbered Atens ranged from what was then 1989 VA to .

neg: 4923 Clarke 4923 Clarke is an asteroid . It was discovered on March 2 , 1981 by Schelte J. Bus who also discovered 5020 Asimov on the same day . It orbits within the main asteroid belt .   The asteroid is named after the science fiction writer Arthur C. Clarke , author of 2001 : A Space Odyssey . In the postscript to his novel 3001 : The Final Odyssey , Clarke jokingly expresses disappointment that he did not receive asteroid 2001 as his namesake , instead it was named for Albert Einstein .

neg: 511 Davida 511 Davida is a large C-type asteroid in the asteroid belt . It was discovered by R. S. Dugan in 1903 . It is one of the ten most-massive asteroids , and the 7th-largest asteroid . It is approximately 270 -- 310 km in diameter and comprises an estimated 1.5 % of the total mass of the asteroid belt . It is a C-type asteroid , which means that it is dark in colouring with a carbonaceous chondrite composition .   Davida is one of the few main-belt asteroids whose shape has been determined by ground-based visual observation . From 2002 to 2007 , astronomers at the Keck Observatory used the Keck II telescope , which is fitted with adaptive optics , to photograph Davida . The asteroid is not a dwarf planet : there are at least two promontories and at least one flat facet with 15-km deviations from a best-fit ellipsoid . The facet is presumably a 150-km global-scale crater like the ones seen on 253 Mathilde . Conrad et al. ( 2007 ) show that craters of this size `` can be expected from the impactor size distribution , without likelihood of catastrophic disruption of Davida . ''   Davida is named after David Peck Todd , an astronomy professor at Amherst College .

neg: Anniversary An anniversary is the date on which an event took place or an institution was founded in a previous year , and may also refer to the commemoration or celebration of that event . For example , the first event is the initial occurrence or , if planned , the inaugural of the event . One year later would be the first anniversary of that event . The word was first used for Catholic feasts to commemorate saints .   Most countries celebrate national anniversaries , typically called national days . These could be the date of independence of the nation or the adoption of a new constitution or form of government . The important dates in a sitting monarch 's reign may also be commemorated , an event often referred to as a `` jubilee '' .