query: Justin Bieber has failed to sell an estimated 100 million records.

pos: Justin Bieber Justin Drew Bieber ( -LSB- ˈbiːbər -RSB- born March 1 , 1994 ) is a Canadian singer and songwriter . After a talent manager discovered him through his YouTube videos covering songs in 2008 and signed to RBMG , Bieber released his debut EP , My World , in late 2009 . It was certified Platinum in the U.S. . He became the first artist to have seven songs from a debut record chart on the Billboard Hot 100 . Bieber released his first full-length studio album , My World 2.0 , in 2010 . It debuted at or near number one in several countries , was certified triple Platinum in the U.S. , and contained his single `` Baby '' .   Following his debut album , he had his first headlining tour , the My World Tour , released the remix albums My Worlds Acoustic and Never Say Never -- The Remixes -- and the 3D biopic-concert film Justin Bieber : Never Say Never . He released his second studio album , Under the Mistletoe , in November 2011 , when it debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 . Bieber released his third studio album , Believe , in 2012 . His fourth studio album Purpose was released in November 2015 , spawning three number one singles : `` What Do You Mean ? '' , `` Sorry '' , and `` Love Yourself '' . His U.S. album and singles sales total 44.7 million . He has sold an estimated 100 million records , making him one of the world 's best-selling music artists .   Bieber has won numerous awards , including the American Music Award for Artist of the Year in 2010 and 2012 . In his career , he has won one Grammy Award for Best Dance Recording for the song `` Where Are Ü Now '' at the 2016 ceremony . He has been listed four times by Forbes magazine among the top ten most powerful celebrities in the world in 2011 , 2012 , and 2013 . Bieber also became the first artist to surpass 10 billion total video views on Vevo .

neg: Beatlemania in the United Kingdom The phenomenon known as Beatlemania originated in the United Kingdom , birthplace of the Beatles , when the band first realised enormous popularity there in 1963 . Returning in 1962 from a highly formative two-year residency in Germany , the Beatles achieved a commercial breakthrough with their second UK single release , `` Please Please Me '' early in 1963 , but gained `` Superstar '' status with the release of `` She Loves You '' later that year . There followed an almost non-stop series of concerts and tours , attended with feverish enthusiasm across the UK , for the whole of the following year . The Beatles ' popularity in the UK came to exceed even that of the notable American artists Tommy Roe , Chris Montez and Roy Orbison , whose UK chart success at the time did not keep them from being overshadowed by the Beatles during their 1963 nationwide tours with the lower-billed band -- an achievement previously unknown for a UK act .   With intense media interest in the Beatles during 1963 , the year was also taken up with TV shows , press interviews and a weekly radio show . Despite these demands the band found time for many sessions in the recording studio , releasing two albums and four singles during the year . 1963 was also the year when Lennon 's son Julian was born .   By the end of 1963 , Beatlemania would begin to spread internationally . The single `` I Want to Hold Your Hand '' entered the US charts on 18 January 1964 , selling one-and-a-half million copies in under three weeks , and the following month the Beatles made their first visit to America . The great interest in the Beatles brought about a major change in US attitudes to popular music and marked the start of the phenomenon known as the British Invasion .

neg: Charlie, Last Name Wilson Charlie , Last Name Wilson is the third studio album by American singer Charlie Wilson ; it was released on August 23 , 2005 , by Jive Records . The album includes production from several R&B hitmakers including R. Kelly , will.i.am , Justin Timberlake , KayGee & Terence `` Tramp-Baby '' Abney , The Underdogs and The Platinum Brothers .   It debuted and peaked at # 10 on the Billboard 200 with sales of 71,400 copies in its first week . The album was also certified Gold by the RIAA on February 5 , 2009 ( almost 4 years after its release ) surpassing sales of 500,000 copies .

neg: List of Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles of 2007 The Billboard Hot 100 is a chart that ranks the best-performing singles of the United States . Published by Billboard magazine , the data are compiled by Nielsen SoundScan based collectively on each single 's weekly physical and digital sales , and airplay . In 2007 , 17 singles reached the top spot on the chart . An 18th single , Beyoncé Knowles ' `` Irreplaceable '' , began a run at the top in 2006 which continued into 2007 .   In 2007 , eight acts achieved their first US number-one single , either as a lead artist or featured guest : Maroon 5 , Avril Lavigne , Mims , Plain White T 's , Sean Kingston , Soulja Boy Tell 'Em , T-Pain , and Yung Joc . Producer Timbaland earned his first number-one single as lead artist with `` Give It to Me '' ; he had previously appeared as featured guest on singer Nelly Furtado 's number-one single `` Promiscuous '' . T-Pain , Justin Timberlake , Nelly Furtado and Fergie each earned two number-one singles , either as a lead artist or featured guest .   Three number-one singles tied for the longest run on the chart in 2007 : Knowles ' `` Irreplaceable '' , Rihanna 's `` Umbrella '' , and Soulja Boy Tell 'Em 's `` Crank That ( Soulja Boy ) '' all topped the chart for seven weeks ; the last of these was non-consecutive . However , `` Irreplaceable '' , which started its peak position in three issues the previous year , is credited to by Billboard magazine as 2006 's longest-running single . To this effect , `` Umbrella '' and `` Crank That ( Soulja Boy ) '' are the longest-running singles of 2007 . Other singles with extended chart runs include singer Alicia Keys ' `` No One '' which stayed at number one for five straight weeks .   `` Irreplaceable '' is the best-performing single of the calendar year , topping the Year-End Hot 100 singles of 2007 for seven consecutive weeks . Band Maroon 5 's `` Makes Me Wonder '' is noted for its jump from 64th to 1st place on the Billboard Hot 100 , making it the largest leap of 2007 . `` Umbrella '' , which occupied the top slot for seven of summer 's thirteen weeks , has been credited by the music press as 2007 's Song of the Summer .

neg: List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1981 The Billboard 200 , published in Billboard magazine , is a weekly chart that ranks the 200 highest-selling music albums and EPs in the United States . Before Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991 , Billboard estimated the sales for the album charts from a representative sampling of record stores nationwide , which was gathered by telephone , fax or messenger service . The data was based on reports from record stores , who ranked the popularity of the best-selling records but did not provide an actual sales figures .

neg: List of best-selling singles According to Guinness World Records , `` White Christmas '' ( 1942 ) by Bing Crosby is the best-selling single worldwide , with estimated sales of over 50 million copies . The song recognized as `` the best-selling single of all time '' was released before the pop/rock singles-chart era and `` was listed as the world 's best-selling single in the first-ever Guinness Book of Records ( published in 1955 ) and -- remarkably -- still retains the title more than 50 years later . '' Guinness World Records states that double A-side charity single `` Candle in the Wind 1997 '' / `` Something About the Way You Look Tonight '' ( 1997 ) by Elton John , a tribute to the late Diana , Princess of Wales , is `` the biggest-selling single since UK and US singles charts began in the 1950s , having accumulated worldwide sales of 33 million copies , '' making it the second-best-selling single of all time .   The list is split between physical ( mainly CD and vinyl ) singles and digitally downloaded tracks which first became available to purchase in the early 2000s .   The sales of singles that are italicized are the compilation of sales in available markets instead of a worldwide sales figure . These sales figures are therefore neither complete nor definitive .

neg: List of artists who have spent the most weeks on the UK music charts This is a list of artists who have spent more than one thousand weeks on the UK Singles Chart and UK Albums Chart combined . It uses the methodology used to compile a top 500 list in the British Hit Singles & Albums books until 2005 . Any album or single must be credited to the named artist and must appear in the top 75 singles or albums chart as recorded by the Official Charts Company .   Elvis Presley has the most weeks on the singles charts with 1,302 weeks for 165 singles . Cliff Richard and Rihanna are the only other artists to record over one thousand weeks in the singles chart . Rihanna has the most weeks in the singles chart since 2000 , with 1058 between September 2005 and September 2016 -- an average of over 1.8 singles per chart week during this eleven-year period .   Queen have the most weeks on the albums chart with over 1,400 weeks , followed by ten other artists with more than a thousand weeks . David Bowie passed the thousand-week mark following his death in January 2016 , when 16 of his albums entered or re-entered the top 75 .

neg: Invincible (Michael Jackson album) Invincible is the final studio album by American recording artist Michael Jackson , released on October 30 , 2001 , by Epic Records . Similar to Jackson 's previous material , Invincible explores themes such as love , romance , isolation , media criticism , and social issues . It was his sixth studio album released through Epic label .   An extensive and laborious album to make , Jackson started production in 1997 , and did not finish until eight weeks before the album 's October 2001 release . Jackson recorded in over 10 different studios , and the final cost was over thirty million dollars . Combined with twenty five million toward the cost of promoting the album , Invincible is the most expensive album ever made .   The album peaked at number one in eleven territories worldwide , including the United States ( with first-week sales of 363,000 units ) , the United Kingdom , Australia , France and Switzerland . Invincible charted within the top ten in six other territories . Upon release , the album received mixed reviews from contemporary music critics .   Invincible was one of the best-selling of 2001 , being ranked at # 9 on the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry 's ( IFPI ) Top 50 Global Best Selling Albums for 2001 .

neg: List of million-selling singles in the United Kingdom A million-selling single is regarded by the Official Charts Company ( OCC ) as one that has sold at least 1 million copies since the start of the UK Singles Chart in November 1952 . As well as a traditional purchase of a physical record , a sale can represent one permanent digital download of a track ( physical singles usually consist of two songs , although both are only included in sales figures for double A sides or where both receive a high level of interest and airplay ) . Both British Phonographic Industry ( BPI ) - certified awards ( Silver , Gold and Platinum ) and the weekly charts now include audio streaming but these are not included in the sales figures published by the OCC . Certified awards can also include shipments ( sales to trade ) . The OCC and Music Week regularly announce when a record becomes a million seller .   , 167 singles have sold 1 million copies in the UK . Of these , 108 were originally released in the 20th century ( 70 of them selling 1 million before the year 2000 ) and the remainder were released between 2000 and 2014 . The most recently released single to become a million-seller is `` Uptown Funk '' by Mark Ronson featuring Bruno Mars , which was released in December 2014 and passed a million sales ten weeks later in February 2015 . Bing Crosby 's `` White Christmas '' is the earliest release : originally 1942 , although only sales from 1952 onwards are counted . The year in which the most million-sellers were released is 2011 , with twelve ; while a record 36 releases from both the 1990s and the 2010s have sold a million copies . Only two million sellers have failed to reach the top 5 on the UK Singles Chart : Snow Patrol 's `` Chasing Cars '' and Journey 's `` Do n't Stop Believin ' '' , both of which peaked at number 6 .

neg: Triple J Hottest 100, 2012 The 2012 Triple J Hottest 100 was announced on Australia Day 26 January 2013 . It was the 20th countdown of the most popular songs of the year , as chosen by the listeners of Australian radio station Triple J.   Voting commenced on 19 December 2012 , and closed at midnight on 20 January 2013 .   Over 1.5 million votes were cast in this countdown , beating the record set in the 2011 list .   In the week prior to the countdown , Nick Drewe , a Brisbane statistician and marketer , analysed the votes that had been published on social media and determined the possible top 100 , naming it the Warmest 100 . The votes that had been published represented approximately 2.7 % of the total vote . Ultimately , his list correctly predicted 92 of the songs in the countdown , the songs comprising the top 10 , and the top 3 in the correct order . The ABC have announced that it would likely make changes to the voting system to prevent `` spoiler attempts '' in future countdowns .

neg: Change Me (Justin Bieber song) `` Change Me '' is a song by Canadian recording artist Justin Bieber from his second compilation album Journals ( 2013 ) discussing his life after the world turned on him was released on December 2 , 2013 . The song is the ninth in Bieber 's series Music Mondays , the first eight being `` Heartbreaker '' ( October 7 , 2013 ) , `` All That Matters '' ( October 14 ) , `` Hold Tight '' ( October 21 ) , `` Recovery '' ( October 28 ) , `` Bad Day '' ( November 4 ) , `` All Bad '' ( November 11 ) , `` PYD '' ( November 18 ) and `` Roller Coaster '' ( November 25 ) . Bieber released a new single every week for 10 weeks from October 7 to December 9 , 2013 .

neg: Johnny Mathis discography Johnny Mathis has recorded 71 studio albums , 11 of which achieved sales of 500,000 units and were awarded Gold certification by the Recording Industry Association of America . Five of his greatest hits albums also accomplished this , and of these 16 Gold albums , six eventually went Platinum by reaching sales of one million copies . In 1999 , sales figures totaled five million for his first holiday LP , Merry Christmas , and three million for Johnny 's Greatest Hits , a 1958 collection that has been described as the `` original greatest-hits package '' and once held the record for most weeks on Billboard magazine 's album chart with a total of 490 ( three of which were spent at number one ) . His second longest album chart run was the 295 weeks belonging to his Platinum 1959 album Heavenly , which gave him five weeks in the top spot . In a ranking of the top album artists of the last half of the 1950s in terms of Billboard chart performance , he comes in at number two , for the 1960s , number 10 , and for the period from 1955 to 2009 he is at number six .   The recurring appearance of Mathis holiday releases on the various album charts in Billboard began with 1958 's Merry Christmas , which peaked at number three during the four weeks it spent that holiday season on the magazine 's biggest album chart ( now known as the Billboard 200 ) and returned to place at various positions within the top 40 slots there for the next four years . When the magazine first had a separate chart for Christmas albums from 1963 to 1973 , Merry Christmas ranked somewhere in the top 10 on it for another seven years , and on the Top Pop Catalog chart that was created for older titles , it had eight return appearances during the 1990s . His Sounds of Christmas LP spent two weeks at number two on the Christmas Albums chart upon its 1963 release and re-charted for the next five years , and 1969 's Give Me Your Love for Christmas reached number one there during its first of several annual chart showings before achieving Platinum certification . Other notable holiday projects include Home for Christmas , a 1990 home video special that went platinum , and Sending You a Little Christmas , a 2013 release that earned him a Grammy nomination in the category of Best Traditional Pop Vocal Album .   Mathis also recorded 43 songs that reached Billboard magazine 's Hot 100 chart in the United States and another nine that `` bubbled under '' the Hot 100 . Six of these 52 recordings made the top 10 , including 1957 's `` Chances Are '' and the 1978 Deniece Williams duet , `` Too Much , Too Little , Too Late '' , which each spent a week at number one , and 32 of them are also on the list of 50 entries that Mathis had on the magazine 's Easy Listening chart , which was started in 1961 . 19 of those 50 songs made the top 10 on that list , and two of them ( `` I 'm Coming Home '' and `` Too Much , Too Little , Too Late '' ) went on to number one . The Williams duet also spent four weeks at number one on the magazine 's R&B chart and was certified Gold after selling one million copies .   In the UK Mathis spent three weeks at number one on the singles chart in 1976 with `` When a Child Is Born '' and had two compilations reached the top spot on the albums chart : 1977 's The Mathis Collection and 1980 's Tears and Laughter . `` Too Much , Too Little , Too Late '' and `` When a Child Is Born '' both achieved Silver certification for singles by the British Phonographic Industry for sales of 250,000 units in the UK , and the latter eventually reached the 500,000 mark to earn Gold certification . 16 of his LPs met the 60,000 album sales mark in the UK to be certified Silver , with eight of those going on to sell 100,000 copies for Gold certification and one of those eight ( The Johnny Mathis Collection , 1976 ) making it to the 300,000 total necessary for the Platinum award .

neg: List of most streamed songs in the United Kingdom In June 2014 , the Official Charts Company ( OCC ) started including audio streams in the official UK Singles Chart , recognising their importance as an indicator of current popular trends and tastes in music . From this point onward , the popularity of a single or album track can be measured by both sales ( which include paid downloads ) and streams on officially recognised subscription and ad-funded on-demand services . Although the OCC added these figures to the chart in July 2014 , they started compiling them in May 2012 through the Official Audio Streaming Chart . They are taken from on-demand audio streaming services such as Spotify , Apple Music , Google Play Music , Deezer and Tidal , all of which are members of the Entertainment Retailers Association ( ERA ) .   As of December 2016 , the most streamed song in the UK was `` One Dance '' by Drake , with over 142 million streams . In June 2016 , `` Sorry '' by Justin Bieber became the first song to pass 100 million streams . By September 2016 , it had been joined by two other Bieber songs : `` Love Yourself '' and `` What Do You Mean ? '' as well as `` One Dance '' ( the first song to achieve 100 million streams in a calendar year ) .   The song with the most streams in one week is `` Shape of You '' by Ed Sheeran in chart week ending 16 March 2017 with 14.2 million , beating its own previous best of 13.4 million in week ending 19 January 2017 . `` Castle on the Hill '' also by Sheeran is the only other song to get more than 10 million streams in a week with 11.07 million .

neg: Dance/Electronic Digital Songs Dance/Electronic Digital Songs is a weekly chart that ranks the best-selling digital dance and electronic singles in the United States , according to Billboard . Although it originally started tracking singles the week of January 2 , 2010 , it did not become an official chart until the issue dated April 3 , 2010 .   The Dance/Electronic Digital Songs chart tracks the 50 most popular downloaded dance music singles , including tracks that are exclusively available online only . This chart also includes previously released dance and disco songs that became available for downloading , which means that songs like `` You Spin Me Round ( Like a Record ) '' by Dead or Alive are eligible to chart .   On January 17 , 2013 , Billboard added a new chart , Dance/Electronic Songs , which tracks the 50 most popular Dance and Electronic singles and tracks based on club play , single sales , radio airplay , digital downloads , and online streaming . As such , this chart serves as the main component for the Dance Club Songs , Dance/Mix Show Airplay , Dance Single Sales , and Dance/Electronic Digital Songs charts .   The chart 's first number one was `` Bad Romance '' by Lady Gaga in the January 23 , 2010 issue and Gaga 's songs spent so far ( as December , 2014 ) a total of 1025 weeks on the chart . The chart 's longest running number-one is `` Bulletproof '' by La Roux , reigning at the lead position for 18 consecutive weeks .

neg: Jonas Brothers discography The Jonas Brothers have released four studio albums , three extended plays , three live albums , four soundtrack albums , seventeen singles , seven promotional singles , nineteen music videos and other album appearances . The band released four albums : It 's About Time ( 2006 ) , Jonas Brothers ( 2007 ) , A Little Bit Longer ( 2008 ) , and Lines , Vines and Trying Times ( 2009 ) . In 2008 , the group was nominated for the Best New Artist award at the 51st Grammy Awards and won the award for Breakthrough Artist at the American Music Awards . As of May 2009 , before the release of Lines , Vines and Trying Times , they have sold over eight million albums worldwide . After a hiatus during 2010 and 2011 to pursue solo-projects , the group reconciled in 2012 to record a new album , which was cancelled following their break-up on October 29 , 2013 .   They have sold over 17 million albums worldwide .

neg: Joel Whitburn Joel Carver Whitburn ( born November 29 , 1939 ) is an American author and music historian .   Whitburn founded Record Research Inc. in Menomonee Falls , Wisconsin , in 1970 and put together a team of researchers to examine in detail all of Billboards music and video charts . Record Research publishes reference books based on data from the various popular music charts and to date has published over 200 books , 50 of which are currently in the Record Research catalogue . His flagship publication is Top Pop Singles , which covers the history of Billboards popular music charts . Featuring each recording 's peak position , date charted , weeks charted , label and information , and trivia on recordings and artists , Whitburn 's books are used extensively by the entertainment industry ( especially radio DJs ) and music fans worldwide . His research extends from 1890 to the present and covers many genres .   Whitburn is also the author of the series Top 40 Hits , published by Billboard Books .   Most recently published was the ninth edition of The Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits 1955 -- 2009 , published in 2010 . In 2014 Paul Haney of Record Research reported , `` there are no plans for a 10th edition and I doubt there will ever be one '' .   The 1955 -- 2015 edition of Top Pop Singles has been released , according to the company 's website .   Whitburn is an avid collector of phonograph records , with one of the world 's largest collections in his underground vault . His collection includes a copy of nearly every 78-rpm record , 45-rpm single , LP , and compact disc to reach the Billboard charts .   In collaboration with Rhino Records , Whitburn has produced over 150 CD compilations , which are typically compiled according to their Billboard chart performance .   Whitburn 's Record Research is Billboard 's longest-running licensee , with a relationship extending over 40 years .

neg: Nobody Does It Better (album) Nobody Does It Better is the debut studio album by American R&B singer Gina Thompson . It was released through Mercury Records on August 13 , 1996 . The album was led by the hit single , `` The Things That You Do '' . The `` Bad Boy Remix '' , featuring Missy Elliott , version of the song was released as the official lead single . The song peaked at 41 on the Billboard Hot 100 and at 12 on the Billboard Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs . The debut album failed to enter the Billboard 200 , but managed to peak at 36 on the Hot R&B / Hip-Hop albums . In 1998 , the album was certified Platinum by the RIAA .

neg: 2011 in British music charts This is a summary of the year 2011 in British music . The average number one single sale is 104,395 . The average sales continue to rise from 2007 . The average number one album sale is 105,686 , this is an improvement from average sales for albums seen in recent years , largely due to the success of Adele 's album 21 , which sold in excess of 114,000 copies in each of its first eleven weeks at # 1 .

neg: List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1983 The Billboard 200 , published in Billboard magazine , is a weekly chart that ranks the highest-selling music albums and EPs in the United States . In 1983 , the name of the chart was Top LPs & Tape . Before Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991 , Billboard estimated sales from a representative sampling of record stores nationwide , using telephone , fax or messenger service . Data were based on rankings made by the record stores of the best-selling records , not on actual sales figures .   There were six number-one albums on this chart in 1983 , including the debut album of the Australian band Men at Work , Business as Usual , which spent the last seven weeks of 1982 and the first eight weeks of 1983 at number one , and was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) in 1984 . Thriller , the sixth studio album by recording artist Michael Jackson , was released on November 1982 . It peaked at number one for twenty-two non-consecutive weeks in 1983 with another fifteen consecutive weeks at the top into the following year , and seven songs from the album became top ten singles between late 1982 and early 1984 . Two of them : `` Billie Jean '' and `` Beat It '' , reached the top position of the Billboard Hot 100 . Thriller won eight Grammy Awards , including Album of the Year at the 26th Grammy Awards , and was the best-selling album of 1983 with more than fifteen million copies sold . In 2008 , twenty-five years after its release , the record was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame , and a few weeks later , it was among twenty-five recordings preserved by the Library of Congress to the National Recording Registry as `` culturally significant '' .   Flashdance , the soundtrack to the 1983 musical and romance film of the same name , peaked at number one for two weeks and won the Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture . The two singles released from the album , `` Flashdance ... What a Feeling '' by Irene Cara , and `` Maniac '' by Michael Sembello , reached the top of the singles chart in 1983 . The New York Times considered the British band The Police to be the year 's most influential rock band . Australian , British , and American bands copied the white-reggae formula of their ( The Police 's ) earlier successes . The group released their fifth and final studio album , Synchronicity , in 1983 . The album , a varied accomplished blend of rock , funk , and third-world rhythms , stayed at number one for seventeen weeks and was certified four times platinum by the RIAA in 1984 . Metal Health , the third album by heavy metal band Quiet Riot , peaked at number one for one week , becoming the first heavy metal record to reach the top of the Billboard 200 . Singer-songwriter Lionel Richie released his second album Ca n't Slow Down in 1983 , which spent three weeks at the top and won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year at the 27th Grammy Awards .

neg: Biffy Clyro Biffy Clyro are a Scottish rock band that formed in Kilmarnock , East Ayrshire , composed of Simon Neil ( guitar , lead vocals ) , James Johnston ( bass , vocals ) and Ben Johnston ( drums , vocals ) . Currently signed to 14th Floor Records , they have released seven studio albums , four of which ( Puzzle , Only Revolutions , Opposites and Ellipsis ) reached the top five in the UK Albums Chart , with their sixth studio album , Opposites claiming their first UK number-one album . After their first three albums , the band expanded their following significantly in 2007 with the release of their fourth , Puzzle , creating more mainstream songs with simpler rhythms and distancing themselves from the more unusual dissonant style that was present in their previous three albums . Puzzle peaked at number 2 on the official UK album charts on 16 June 2007 . The album went Gold in the UK , selling over 100,000 units , and later in 2012 went Platinum in the UK , having sold over 300,000 copies .   The band released Only Revolutions in 2009 which reached No. 3 in the UK chart and went gold within days of its release in 2009 , going platinum later in 2010 and receiving a Mercury Music Prize nomination . Only Revolutions included the UK hit singles `` Mountains '' , `` That Golden Rule '' and `` Many of Horror '' all of which reached the UK Top Ten . The latter reached number eight on the UK Singles Chart after The X Factor 2010 winner , Matt Cardle covered the song , and became the UK number one Christmas single for the year 2010 . In 2011 the band was nominated for the Brit Awards for Best British Group . At the 2013 NME Awards , they received the award for Best British Band . On 25 August 2013 Biffy Clyro headlined the main stage at Leeds & Reading Festival . Based on their album and single certifications , the band have sold in excess of 1,240,000 albums and 400,000 singles in the UK alone .   As of 2016 , in total , the band have spent 155 weeks in the top seventy-five of the UK Album Charts , with two of those weeks being at the top position at number one and seventy weeks within the main top forty of the albums charts . The band 's singles have spent a total of seventy-nine weeks in the UK Singles Charts , with six weeks in the top ten and forty-two in the top forty .

neg: Records and achievements of Madonna American singer Madonna , throughout her career , spanning three decades , has obtained a remarkable series of statistical achievements , setting and breaking several world records with her participation in entrepreneurial activities , of acting and her performance in the musical scene for her videos , singles , albums , and tours .   Her first appearance in the Guinness Book of World Records was in 1986 with her third studio album , True Blue . Since then , she has earned multiple appearances , some 20 at least in February 2012 , including her insigne record title as the top-selling female recording artist of all time . Madonna 's commerciality has achieved scrutiny studies and analysis from different point of view in the academia world or by marketers , through her marketing strategies , controversies and reinvention , surpassing to others new or contemporary artists . In popular culture , many international artists have been called `` Madonna '' , many times , by their impact and success in their respective countries or genres . Also , her presence in popular culture , has been led to create world records about Madonna . Dubbed as the most successful and most influential female artist of all time , Madonna 's music is defined in several occasions , for changing contemporary music history for women 's , mainly rock , dance and pop scene .


query: The Bulls were in the 1991 NBA Finals.

pos: 1991 NBA Finals The 1991 NBA Finals was the championship round of the 1990 -- 91 NBA season . It was also the first NBA Finals broadcast by NBC after 17 years with CBS .   The documentary `` Learning to Fly , '' narrated by Jeff Kaye , recaps Chicago 's successful first championship season . The theme song is `` Learning to Fly '' by Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers .   The Chicago Bulls of the Eastern Conference took on the Los Angeles Lakers of the Western Conference for the title , with Chicago having home court advantage . It was Michael Jordan 's first NBA Finals appearance , Magic Johnson 's last , and the last NBA Finals for the Lakers until 2000 . The Bulls would win the series , 4-1 . Jordan averaged 31.2 points on 56 % shooting , 11.4 assists , 6.6 rebounds , 2.8 steals and 1.4 blocks en route to his first NBA Finals MVP Award .   The series was not the first time that the Bulls and Lakers faced off in the playoffs . Prior to 1991 , they met for four postseason series ( 1968 , 1971 , 1972 and 1973 ) , all Lakers victories . Chicago was a member of the Western Conference at the time and moved into the East in 1981 . The 1991 Finals marked the first time the Bulls defeated the Lakers in a playoff series .   This series would mark the end of the Lakers Showtime era and the beginning of the Bulls ' dynasty . After winning five championships in eight finals appearances in the 1980s , the Lakers would struggle for the rest of the 1990s before winning five championships between the 1999-2000 and 2009-10 seasons .   The 1991 Lakers were led by Johnson , already in his thirties , playing in his last full year , as was fellow All-Star teammate James Worthy ; Kareem Abdul-Jabbar had retired two seasons earlier . The Bulls , led by NBA MVP Michael Jordan and superstar small forward Scottie Pippen , would win five more championships after 1991 in a seven-year span , cementing their status as a dynasty before struggling badly in a post-MJ era that saw them take several years to even become average .   When it was all said and done , Michael Jordan became only the third man in NBA history ( after George Mikan and Abdul-Jabbar ) to capture the scoring title and the NBA Finals Championship in the same season .   Until 2015 , the Bulls were the last team to win an NBA championship despite fielding a full roster lacking in championship or Finals experience . None of the Bulls players had logged even a minute of NBA Finals experience prior to this .

neg: 1991 Calder Cup playoffs The 1991 Calder Cup playoffs of the American Hockey League began on April 2 , 1991 . Ten teams , five from each division , qualified for the playoffs . The top three teams in each division received a bye for the preliminary round while the fourth - and fifth-placed teams in each division played a two-game series with the winners advancing to the Division Semifinals ; if each team won one game , the series winner was decided in sudden-death `` super overtime '' immediately following Game 2 . The eight remaining teams then played best-of-seven series for Division Semifinals and Division Finals . The division champions played a best-of-seven series for the Calder Cup . The Calder Cup Final ended on May 24 , 1991 , with the Springfield Indians defeating the Rochester Americans four games to two to win the Calder Cup for the second consecutive year , and the seventh and final time in team history . This was a rematch of the 1990 Calder Cup Final where Springfield defeated Rochester four games to two . Similarly , a Springfield goaltender -- this time Kay Whitmore -- won the Jack A. Butterfield Trophy as the MVP of the playoffs .

neg: 2002 NBA Finals The 2002 NBA Finals was the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) 's championship series for the 2001 -- 02 season . The best-of-seven playoff was contested between the Western Conference champion Los Angeles Lakers ( who were also two-time defending NBA champions ) , and the Eastern Conference champion New Jersey Nets . The Lakers swept the Nets four games to none to win the franchise 's 14th NBA championship . The 56th edition of the championship series was played between June 5 and June 12 and was broadcast on NBC -- the ( to date ) last NBA games broadcast on the network .   Shaquille O'Neal , who averaged 36 points and 12 rebounds in the Finals , was named the NBA Finals Most Valuable Player . Lakers coach Phil Jackson won his ninth ring , tying him with Red Auerbach for most all-time . During the series , he surpassed Pat Riley for most career playoffs wins with 156 .   Will Lyman narrated the season-ending documentary for NBA Entertainment .

neg: 1990–91 Washington Bullets season The 1990 -- 91 NBA season was the Bullets ' 30th season in the National Basketball Association . In the offseason , the Bullets acquired second-year forward Pervis Ellison from the Sacramento Kings . Bernard King provided a great story as he came all the way back from knee surgery he suffered while playing for the New York Knicks in 1985 , to finish third in the league in scoring with 28.4 points per game . He was also selected for the 1991 NBA All-Star Game . However , with a nine-game losing streak between February and March , the Bullets struggles continued as they finished fourth in the Atlantic Division with a 30 -- 52 record . Harvey Grant showed improvement averaging 18.2 points per game , and finished second in Most Improved Player voting behind Scott Skiles of the Orlando Magic .

neg: 1994–95 Cleveland Cavaliers season The 1994 -- 95 NBA season was the 25th season of the National Basketball Association for the franchise based in Cleveland , Ohio . This was also the team 's first season playing at the Gund Arena . During the offseason , the Cavaliers signed unrestricted free agent Michael Cage . Despite losing Brad Daugherty and Gerald Wilkins for the entire season , and Mark Price for 34 games due to injuries , the Cavaliers posted an 11-game winning streak in December which led them to a 20 -- 8 start . However , they played below .500 for the remainder of the season , finishing 4th in the Central Division with a 43 -- 39 record . Tyrone Hill was the team 's leading rebounder and was selected for the 1995 NBA All-Star Game . However , the Cavaliers would lose to the New York Knicks 3 -- 1 in the first round of the playoffs . Following the season , Price was traded to the Washington Bullets , Hot Rod Williams was dealt to the Phoenix Suns , and Wilkins left in the 1995 NBA Expansion Draft .   For the season the team added black , light blue and orange to their color scheme , as well as new uniforms and a logo , which would remain in use until 2003 . Although , the uniforms were slightly changed in 1997 .   Key Dates :

neg: 2001–02 Los Angeles Lakers season The 2001 -- 02 NBA season was the Lakers ' 54th season in the National Basketball Association , and 42nd in the city of Los Angeles . During the offseason , the Lakers signed All-Star guard Mitch Richmond and free agent Samaki Walker , while acquiring Lindsey Hunter from the Milwaukee Bucks . The team got off to a fast start winning 16 of their first 17 games , and finished second in the Pacific Division with a 58 -- 24 record . Kobe Bryant and Shaquille O'Neal were both selected for the 2002 NBA All-Star Game in which Bryant won MVP honors , but O'Neal did not participate in the All-Star game due to an injury .   After sweeping the Portland Trail Blazers 3 -- 0 in the first round of the playoffs , then defeating the San Antonio Spurs 4 -- 1 in the semifinals , the Lakers where pushed to the brink once more in the Western Conference Finals by their archrivals the Sacramento Kings , who they narrowly defeated in a deciding seventh game . They then went on to win the NBA Finals , defeating and sweeping the New Jersey Nets in four straight games for their second three-peat in franchise history , the first since 1952 -- 54 . Following the season , Richmond retired and Hunter was traded to the Toronto Raptors .   This would be the third and final consecutive NBA Championship the Lakers won in the early 2000s , as in the next season , their quest for a fourth consecutive NBA Championship ended with a playoff elimination by the San Antonio Spurs in six games in the semifinals , who would then go on to win the NBA Finals that season and their second NBA Championship . Although the Lakers returned to the Finals in 2004 , the Lakers would lose to the Detroit Pistons in five games , despite being the heavy favorites to win and having former All-Stars and veterans Gary Payton and Karl Malone , leading to O'Neal 's departure from the Lakers amidst boiling points between the Lakers staff and management and Kobe Bryant , culminating in his trade to the Miami Heat , ending the early 2000s Lakers dynasty . The Lakers would not win another title until 2009 , in which they defeated the Orlando Magic in five games .

neg: 1998 NBA Finals The 1998 NBA Finals was the championship round of the 1998 playoffs of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) and the conclusion of the 1997 -- 98 NBA season . The Eastern Conference champion Chicago Bulls played against the Western Conference champion Utah Jazz , with the Jazz holding home-court advantage with the first 2 games in Salt Lake City . In a repeat of the previous year 's Finals , the Bulls won the series 4 games to 2 for their third consecutive NBA title and their sixth in eight seasons . Michael Jordan was voted the NBA Finals MVP of the series ( he also had won the award the last five times the Bulls won the Finals : 1991 , 1992 , 1993 , 1996 , and 1997 ) . This would be his sixth NBA championship and sixth Finals MVP award in six full basketball seasons . Until 2014 , it was the last consecutive Finals rematch between two teams .   The 1998 Finals garnered the highest Nielsen TV ratings in NBA history at 18.7 , and even surpassed the Nielsen ratings for the 1998 World Series , marking the first time the NBA had a higher rating in its championship round than of Major League Baseball 's championship round .   The 1998 NBA season documentary `` Unforgettabulls '' was the first of five narrated by Will Lyman through NBA Entertainment , which recaps the entire Bulls ' season . Rick Telander narrates on the opening credits . Marv Albert narrates the timeline of Michael Jordan 's career with the Bulls .

neg: Bradford Bulls Bradford Bulls R.L.F.C. are a professional rugby league club in Bradford , West Yorkshire , England , which currently plays in the Championship . They have won the Challenge Cup five times , the league championship six times and the World Club Challenge three times . Bradford play their home games at Odsal Stadium . The team jersey is white with red , amber and black chevrons .   In 1907 , founder member of the Rugby Football League ( RFL ) Bradford F.C. switched codes to association football , and Bradford Northern ( later Bradford Bulls ) was formed by members who wished to continue rugby . Bradford Northern were renamed Bradford Bulls in 1996 , at the start of Super League . Bradford 's main rivalry was with Leeds ; they also had rivalries with Huddersfield and Halifax .   The club entered administration in 2012 , and again in 2014 and 2016 . Despite several bids to take over the club , none of the bids were accepted by the administrators and on 3 January 2017 the club went into liquidation . Immediately the RFL announced the criteria and invited bids to form a `` new club ''  , which ultimately acted as an immediate resurrection of the Bulls which retained the history , club colours , badge , home stadium and a several players from the 2016 squad . Due to the administration and liquidation , the club started the 2017 season with a 12-point deduction .

neg: 2007–08 Chicago Bulls season The 2007 -- 08 Chicago Bulls season was the 42nd season of NBA basketball in Chicago .   Key dates :   June 28 : The 2007 NBA draft took place in New York City .  July 11 : The free agent signing period started .  October 31 : The Bulls ' first game of the season against the New Jersey Nets .  December 24 : Scott Skiles was relieved of his duties as the Bulls ' head coach .  December 27 : Jim Boylan was named the Bulls ' interim head coach for the rest of the season .  February 21 : The Bulls were involved in a three-team trade with the Cleveland Cavaliers and the Seattle SuperSonics that saw Ben Wallace , Joe Smith & Adrian Griffin traded in exchange for four players that included Larry Hughes and Drew Gooden .  April 16 : The Bulls season officially ended with a win against the Raptors . They finished with just 33 wins after being touted as a contender in the Eastern Conference .  April 17 : The Bulls fired interim coach Boylan after a season in which GM John Paxson described as '' disappointing '' and '' disturbing '' .

neg: 1947 BAA Playoffs The 1947 BAA Playoffs was the postseason tournament that followed the inaugural Basketball Association of America 1946 -- 47 season . ( After its 1948 -- 49 season , the BAA merged with the older National Basketball League to create the National Basketball Association or NBA . ) The tournament concluded with the Philadelphia Warriors defeating the Chicago Stags , 4 games to 1 , in the BAA Finals .   The six qualified teams all began tournament play on Wednesday , April 2 , and the Finals concluded on Tuesday , April 22 . Philadelphia and Chicago played 10 and 11 games in the span of 21 days but their final series was compact , five games in seven days .

neg: 1990–91 Chicago Blackhawks season The 1990 -- 91 Chicago Blackhawks season was the team 's 65th season . After making the Conference Finals two years in a row , the Blackhawks were hosts for one of the most emotional NHL All-Star Game games in history , and finished with 106 points winning the NHL Presidents ' Trophy for best record in the league . The Hawks received terrific performances from Steve Larmer , Jeremy Roenick , Chris Chelios , Dirk Graham and rookie Ed Belfour . Hockey it seemed was back in Chicago , and dreams of the first Stanley Cup since Hull and Mikita were rampant . However the playoffs matched the Hawks with their old rivals , the Minnesota North Stars , who crushed their dreams with a defeat in the first round of the 1991 Stanley Cup Playoffs - four games to two . 90-91 represented the peak of the Blackhawks between the Hull/Mikita years and the Toews/Kane years , and is probably the best Blackhawks team never to win the Stanley Cup .

neg: 1983 NBA Finals The 1983 NBA Finals , also known as Showdown ' 83 , was the championship round of the 1982 -- 83 NBA season . It was the last NBA Championship Series completed before June 1 .

neg: 1998–99 Miami Heat season The 1998 -- 99 NBA season was the 11th season for the Miami Heat in the National Basketball Association . During the offseason , the Heat signed free agents Terry Porter and Clarence Weatherspoon . In the shortened NBA season , the Heat won 18 of their first 23 games , despite Jamal Mashburn playing just 24 games due to a knee injury , and Voshon Lenard missing 38 games with a broken leg . Miami finished with a 33 -- 17 win-loss record , which earned them the # 1 seed in the Eastern Conference . Alonzo Mourning was named Defensive Player of the Year , and finished second in MVP voting behind Karl Malone of the Utah Jazz .   In the playoffs , the Heat faced the New York Knicks for the third consecutive time . The 8th-seeded Knicks defeated the Heat in the Eastern Conference First round , with Allan Houston of New York hitting a buzzer-beater basket in the winner-take-all Game 5 , which prevailed the Knicks over Miami , 78 -- 77 . This was also their final full season playing at the Miami Arena . Following the season , Porter signed as a free agent with the San Antonio Spurs , and longtime Heat forward Keith Askins retired .

neg: 2011–12 New York Knicks season The 2011 -- 12 New York Knicks season was the 66th season of the franchise in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) . The Knicks finished the regular season with a 36 -- 30 record and a seventh place in the Eastern Conference to reach the 2012 NBA Playoffs where they lost in the first round against the Miami Heat in five games . Notable events of the season included coach Mike D'Antoni 's resignation , the surge in popularity of 23-year-old point guard Jeremy Lin during a seven-game winning streak ( Linsanity ) , and the Knicks winning their first playoff game since 2001 against the Miami Heat , snapping an NBA-record 13-game playoff losing streak .

neg: 2006–07 Miami Heat season The 2006 -- 07 Miami Heat season was the 19th season of the Miami Heat in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) . Despite injuries to several players , including Dwyane Wade , the Heat repeated as Southeast division champions . With a record of 44 -- 38 , it was clear that the Heat was not the same team of years past . The Heat ended the season with a four-game playoff sweep to the Chicago Bulls in the first round . Following the season , Gary Payton retired .

neg: 1994 NBA Finals The 1994 NBA Finals was the championship round of the 1993 -- 94 National Basketball Association ( NBA ) season , featuring the Western Conference 's Houston Rockets defeating the Eastern Conference 's New York Knicks .   This matchup was Hakeem Olajuwon 's second NBA Finals appearance , his other being in 1986 , where Larry Bird and the Boston Celtics defeated the Houston Rockets four games to two . The series was Patrick Ewing 's first NBA Finals appearance . The Rockets came in with strong determination to win not only the franchise 's first NBA championship , but the city 's first championship in a league that still existed , while the Knicks were looking to add a third NBA championship trophy , as the Knicks ' last trophy came from the 1973 NBA Finals . The Knicks also hoped to impress their new owners Viacom , who had just bought Paramount Communications ( formerly Gulf + Western ) , their longtime owners ( after the series however , Viacom sold the Knicks and the rest of the Madison Square Garden properties ) .   The series was hailed as a meeting of the two great centers who had previously played for a championship in college . In 1984 while Olajuwon was with the University of Houston and Ewing was with Georgetown University , Georgetown had beaten Houston 84 -- 75 in the 1984 NCAA Championship game . In this series , however , Olajuwon outperformed Ewing , outscoring him in every game of the series and posting numbers of 26.9 ppg on 50.0 % shooting compared to Ewing 's 18.9 ppg on 36.3 % shooting . However , Ewing set an NBA finals record in the series with a total of 30 blocks , and he tied the single-game record of 8 blocks in Game 5 . Tim Duncan would later set the record for most blocks in a Finals series ( 2003 ) with 32 blocks in six games while Dwight Howard would set the record for most blocked shots in a Finals game with 9 blocked shots in Game 4 of the 2009 Finals while with the Orlando Magic .   During the series , the Houston Rockets played seven low-scoring , defensive games against the New York Knicks . After splitting the first two games in Houston , the Knicks won two out of three games at Madison Square Garden , which also hosted the Rangers first Stanley Cup celebration in 54 years during the series .   In Game 6 , however , Rockets center Hakeem Olajuwon blocked a last-second championship-winning shot attempt by John Starks , giving the Rockets an 86 -- 84 victory and forcing a Game 7 , which made Knicks Coach Pat Riley the first ( and to this date , the only ) coach in a Game 7 NBA Finals on two different teams , having been with the Los Angeles Lakers in and . In addition , the Knicks set a record for most playoff games played in one season , with 25 . The Detroit Pistons tied this record in . The Boston Celtics , coached by Doc Rivers , would surpass it during their championship season of 2008 when they played 26 .   The Rockets beat the Knicks in Game 7 , 90 -- 84 , enabling the city of Houston to not only celebrate its first NBA and fifth professional sports championship ( first in an existing league ) , but also deny New York from having both NBA and NHL championships in the same year ( Chicago had suffered this fate in 1992 , with the Bulls winning their second NBA championship and the Blackhawks losing in the Stanley Cup Finals ) . For his efforts Olajuwon was named NBA Finals Most Valuable Player . For the Knicks , Riley had the unfortunate distinction of having become the first ( and to this date , the only ) coach to lose a Game 7 NBA Finals on two different teams , having lost to the Celtics in 1984 . It also denied him the distinction of being the first coach to win a Game 7 NBA Finals with two different teams , having defeated the Detroit Pistons in 1988 .   NBC Sports used Ahmad Rashād ( Knicks sideline ) and Hannah Storm ( Rockets sideline ) .   Hal Douglas narrated the season-ending documentary Clutch City for NBA Entertainment .

neg: 1989–90 New York Knicks season The 1989 -- 90 NBA season was the 44th season for the New York Knicks in the National Basketball Association . Before the season , owners Gulf + Western reorganized and became Paramount Communications , renaming themselves after the Paramount Pictures film studio .   During the offseason , the Knicks hired Stu Jackson as their new head coach . The team got off to a solid start , winning 20 of their first 27 games , while posting a nine-game winning streak . At midseason , the Knicks traded second-year guard Rod Strickland to the San Antonio Spurs for Maurice Cheeks . However , as they stood at a 39 -- 22 record , they struggled and lost 15 of their final 21 games . The Knicks had a 45 -- 37 record and finished third in the Atlantic Division . The Knicks ' fifth-place finish in the Eastern Conference earned them a berth in the NBA Playoffs for the third straight year . Patrick Ewing was selected for the 1990 NBA All-Star Game .   In the first round of the playoffs , New York defeated the 4th-seeded Boston Celtics three games to two , after overcoming an 0 -- 2 deficit . The Knicks were then eliminated in the conference semifinals by the Detroit Pistons , who later on won their second consecutive NBA title , four games to one over the Portland Trail Blazers . Following the season , Johnny Newman signed as an unrestricted free agent with the Charlotte Hornets .

neg: 1993–94 Utah Jazz season The 1993 -- 94 NBA season was the Jazz 's 20th season in the National Basketball Association , and 15th season in Salt Lake City , Utah . During the offseason , the Jazz signed unrestricted free agent All-Star forward Tom Chambers , and acquired Felton Spencer from the Minnesota Timberwolves . John Stockton led the league in assists for the seventh straight season , as Karl Malone joined the list in all-time points scored topping the 19,000 point mark . Both were selected for the 1994 NBA All-Star Game . At midseason , the Jazz traded Jeff Malone to the Philadelphia 76ers for Jeff Hornacek . With the addition of Hornacek , the Jazz went on to win ten consecutive games between February and March . They won nine of their final eleven games finishing third in the Midwest Division with a 53 -- 29 record .   In the first round of the playoffs , the Jazz defeated the 4th-seeded San Antonio Spurs after losing Game 1 . In the semifinals , they took a 3 -- 0 series lead over the 8th-seeded Denver Nuggets . However , the Jazz would lose the next three games to the Nuggets , then finally win Game 7 and advance to the next round . In the Western Conference Finals , they lost five games to the Houston Rockets . Following the season , Tyrone Corbin was traded to the Atlanta Hawks .

neg: 1992–93 Atlanta Hawks season The 1992 -- 93 NBA season was the Hawks ' 44th season in the National Basketball Association , and 25th season in Atlanta . Prior to the start of the season , the Hawks acquired point guard Mookie Blaylock from the New Jersey Nets . After losing their season opener at home to the New York Knicks 106 -- 94 , the Hawks would defeat the defending champion Chicago Bulls on the road , 100 -- 99 at the Chicago Stadium on November 7 . However , they got off to a rough start losing five of their first seven games , which led them to a mediocre 12 -- 17 start in early January . With a 26 -- 31 record , they would win 12 of their next 13 games while posting a 12 -- 3 record in March , on their way to finishing fourth in the Central Division with a 43 -- 39 record .   Dominique Wilkins surpassed Bob Pettit as the Hawks all-time scoring leader , finishing second in the league in scoring averaging 29.9 points per game . He was named to the All-NBA Second Team and selected for the 1993 NBA All-Star Game . However , in the first round of the playoffs , the Hawks would be swept by the Bulls in three straight games . Following the season , head coach Bob Weiss was fired .   For the season , the Hawks changed their uniforms which lasted until 1995 .

neg: Three-peat Three-peat is a term used primarily in American sports to refer to winning three consecutive championships . The term , a portmanteau of the words three and repeat , originated with the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association , during their unsuccessful campaign for a third consecutive championship during the 1988 -- 89 season , having won the previous 2 NBA Finals in 1987 and 1988 against the Boston Celtics and Detroit Pistons , but were swept by the Pistons in the 1989 NBA Finals . The term is a registered trademark owned by Hardo Beers , the Lakers ' Hardo strength coach from 1981 -- 1990 , although it was coined by L.A. player Byron Scott immediately after their victorious championship defense against the Detroit Pistons in the 1988 NBA Finals .


query: The Messenger premiered at the restaurant.

pos: The Messenger (2009 film) The Messenger is a 2009 war drama film starring Ben Foster , Woody Harrelson , Samantha Morton , Steve Buscemi , and Jena Malone . It is the directorial debut of Oren Moverman , who also wrote the screenplay with Alessandro Camon .   The film premiered at the 2009 Sundance Film Festival and was in competition at the 59th Berlin International Film Festival where it won the Silver Bear for Best Screenplay and the Berlinale Peace Film Award ' 09 . The film received first prize for the 2009 Deauville American Film Festival . The film has also received four Independent Spirit Award nominations ( including one win ) , a Golden Globe nomination , and two Academy Award nominations .

neg: Pizza delivery Pizza delivery is a service in which a pizzeria or pizza chain delivers a pizza to a customer . An order is typically made either by telephone or over the internet to the pizza chain , in which the customer can request pizza type , size and other products alongside the pizza , commonly including soft drinks . Pizzas may be delivered in pizza boxes or delivery bags , and deliveries are made with either an automobile , motor scooter , or bicycle . Customers can , depending on the pizza chain , choose to pay online , or in person , with cash , credit or a debit card . A delivery fee is often charged with what the customer has bought .

neg: Old London Inc. Old London Inc. was the name of a proposed group of eating establishments begun by restaurant pioneer William Childs . Child 's was deposed in 1929 as the head of the $ 37,000,000 Childs Restaurant chain . A 1930s undertaking , Childs ' business eventually lost momentum during the Great Depression . It is significant because its founder was one of two brothers who began Childs Restaurants approximately four decades earlier .   On April 29 , 1930 , he opened a restaurant at Broadway and 102nd Street . Old Algiers , the first establishment , was a dinery adaptation of an Algerian village . The new chain advertised itself as unstandardized in contrast to the standardized type of eateries begun by Childs and his brother , Samuel S. Childs , in the 1890s . William Childs planned additional units to be added at the rate of ten to twelve per year .   Each was to have a theme patterned after an old world center , i.e. Old Normandy , Old Paris , France , and Old London , England . Located in the New York City metropolitan area , Childs ' three nephews , Ellsworth , William , and Wallace , served as vice-president , secretary , and treasurer , respectively .   The second restaurant , Old London , was in a former Chase National Bank branch inside Bush Tower at 130 West 42nd St. , next to Times Square , where Childs leased the bottom two floors and basement in March 1931 . The restaurant business had officially been christened with the corporate name Old London Inc. , by this time . Architects Pruitt & Brown planned to extensively modify the space in `` old London style '' for an eatery with a seating capacity of 1,000 diners . The former bank counter would be utilized as a luncheonette service bar .   Childs ' venture did not result in a chain as he had hoped . He operated the Old Mill Inn , near his family farm in Basking Ridge , New Jersey , prior to his death on May 22 , 1938 . He died in Somerset County , New Jersey , Bernardsville , New Jersey .

neg: Tom's Restaurant Tom 's Restaurant is a diner located at 2880 Broadway ( on the corner of West 112th Street ) in the Morningside Heights neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City . Frequented by students and faculty of nearby Columbia University , it has been owned and operated by the Greek-American family of Minas Zoulis since the 1940s .   Tom 's Restaurant was the locale that inspired Suzanne Vega 's 1982 song `` Tom 's Diner . '' Later , its exterior was used as a stand-in for the fictional Monk 's Café in the television sitcom Seinfeld , where comedian Jerry Seinfeld 's eponymous character and his friends regularly gathered to eat . The interior shown on the television show , however , looked very little like the real `` Tom 's '' , as indoor scenes were filmed on a set in Los Angeles .   Early Seinfeld episodes showed the entire neon sign ; later , the `` Tom 's '' portion was cropped out , showing only the `` RESTAURANT '' wraparound . Even though the interior and exterior have undergone minor remodeling since the show , the distinctive sign has remained the same . Tom 's is featured in Kramer 's Reality Tour conducted by Kenny Kramer .   Senator John McCain often ate at Tom 's when he visited his daughter Meghan when she was a student at Columbia .   Tom 's exterior has been seen on television before , in the 1978 The Bionic Woman episode `` Long Live the King '' at around the 27 minute mark of the DVD release .

neg: Café society Café society was the description of the `` Beautiful People '' and `` Bright Young Things '' who gathered in fashionable cafes and restaurants in New York , Paris , and London beginning in the late 19th century . Maury Henry Biddle Paul is credited with coining the phrase `` cafe society '' in 1915 . Lucius Beebe created the term `` chromium mist '' for the cafe society lifestyle he chronicled in his weekly column , `` This New York , '' for the New York Herald Tribune during the 1920s and 1930s .   They attended each other 's private dinners and balls and took holidays in exotic locations or at elegant resorts .  In the United States , café society came to the fore with the end of Prohibition in December 1933 and the rise of photojournalism , to describe the set of people who tended to do their entertaining semi-publicly , in restaurants and night clubs and who would include among them movie stars and sports celebrities . Some of the American night clubs and New York City restaurants frequented by the denizens of café society included El Morocco , the Stork Club , Restaurant Larue , and the 21 Club . A complete history of New York café society , illustrated with photographs by Jerome Zerbe , was published by McFarland Publishing in 2015 .

neg: The Four Seasons Restaurant The Four Seasons was a New American cuisine restaurant in New York City located at 99 East 52nd Street , in the Seagram Building in Midtown Manhattan . The restaurant is owned by the Bronfman family , Alex von Bidder , and Julian Niccolini .   Opened in 1959 , the Four Seasons is associated with a number of milestone firsts in the hospitality industry . The Four Seasons is credited with introducing the idea of seasonally-changing menus to America . It was the first destination restaurant to print its menus in English . The Four Seasons was also the first restaurant in the US to cook using fresh , wild mushrooms .  In June 2015 , Aby Rosen , owner of the Seagram Building , announced that the restaurant 's lease would not be extended . A new location at 280 Park Avenue was selected and a lease was signed . The Seagram Building location closed after dinner service on July 16 , 2016 , and the Four Seasons will move to Park Avenue .

neg: Dally Messenger III Dally Messenger III ( born 1938 ) is a civil celebrant , author , publisher , commentator , and a founder and chronicler of the civil celebrant movement which originated in Australia . He is the grandson of the Rugby Union and Rugby League footballer Dally Messenger , aka Herbert Henry `` Dally '' Messenger , whose nickname `` Dally '' has become his grandson 's given name .

neg: Restaurant 9501 Restaurant 9501 is the executive dining restaurant of ABS-CBN Corporation , located on the 14th floor of the ELJ Communications Center in Diliman , Quezon City , The Philippines . It was conceptualized by award-winning Filipino chef Myrna Segismundo who acted as its managing director until 2015 .   The name 9501 originated from the project name given to the ELJ Communications Center during its development and construction phase . It is owned and operated by TV Food Chefs , a subsidiary of ABS-CBN that also produces culinary TV shows , culinary magazines and books , and an annual culinary competition . It opened in 2001 exclusively to serve the executives of ABS-CBN and its guests . During this period , the restaurant did not charge its clients and instead relied on the budget allocated by ABS-CBN . The restaurant was later opened to all ABS-CBN employees and guests , while outside guests can also visit , by making reservations . Because its primary clients are company employees , the restaurant changes its menu from time to time . Restaurant 9501 is a popular venue for press conferences of local and international events due to its location in what is considered as the media capital of the Philippines .

neg: Lakeboat Lakeboat is a semi-autobiographical play by David Mamet , written in 1970 and first produced in 1980 ( revised version ) .   As he would later do with Glengarry Glen Ross , Mamet drew upon experiences from a past vocation to create high drama . In this case , he turned to his days as a cook aboard a cargo ship to frame this tale of Dale Katzman , a college student from an Ivy League school `` near Boston '' who takes a summer job as a cook in the galley of the T. Harrison , a lake freighter for a Chicago-based steel concern . Dale 's predecessor , Guigliani , endured a particularly violent end while on terra firma , the cause and nature of which is speculated by the other crew members . Dale , and the audience , gets to know each of them , including : Fireman , who reads voraciously when not `` watching the gauges '' ; Fred , who imparts his unique , politically incorrect philosophy regarding women on the young man ; and , especially , Joe Litko , a 23-year veteran of the seas , who sees much of himself in Dale . The dialogue is Mametspeak at its most raw , as secrets are shared , picayune matters are debated , and fantasies are laid out , vividly .   The play 's world premiere was staged by the Milwaukee Repertory Theater on April 24 , 1980 ; subsequent major productions were mounted by the Long Wharf Theatre and the Goodman Theatre in 1982 . In 2000 , Mamet penned the screenplay for a film adaptation , which featured his half-brother Tony Mamet in the lead role of Dale . The ensemble cast also included Robert Forster as Joe Litko , Denis Leary as Fireman , and Jack Wallace , a veteran of Mamet productions , as Fred . Joe Mantegna , well-versed in the world of Mamet , made his directorial debut with the feature .   The British Premiere of Lakeboat was at the Lyric Theatre , London in 1998 , and was directed by Aaron Mullen .

neg: Tru (restaurant) Tru is a French restaurant located in the Streeterville neighborhood in Chicago . Tru was opened in 1999 by Rick Tramonto and Gale Gand with the backing of Rich Melman 's Lettuce Entertain You Enterprises . It was a Michelin one-star restaurant since the Chicago guidebook 's inception in 2011 ; in 2017 the restaurant was awarded two Michelin stars . Since 2008 , the Executive Chef is Anthony Martin .

neg: ClickTheCity.com ClickTheCity.com is an online entertainment and lifestyle guide in the Philippines . It provides a companion mobile application .   ClickTheCity started in 2000 as an online directory of restaurants , shops and movie schedules in Metro Manila . In 2009 , ClickTheCity launched a mobile application . The ClickTheCity Lifestyle App is available to iOS and Android phones . In November 2011 , ClickTheCity began a Mobile Ordering function allowing users to order from McDonald 's , Shakey 's and other Quick Delivery 's partner restaurants .

neg: Followap Followap was the leading provider and pioneer of mobile Messenger - Instant Messaging and Presence solutions to the mobile industry . It was founded in 1999 and managed by Dotan Volach and Ben Volach when mobile Internet was just born . By the time it was acquired , it had over 20 mobile operators many of them tier-ones , serving a combined user base of over 200 million subscribers . The company headquarters were in London , UK .   Followap 's products enabled operators to establish advanced , interoperable mobile Messenger and presence-enhanced services , which were key for next-generation networks . Followap held numerous patents and was actively contributing to industry standardization efforts in forums including OMA , XMPP , IETF , 3GPP and the GSM Association . Followap cooperated with device manufacturers including Samsung , Nokia and LG .   Followap has launched the first commercial mobile Messenger service in the year 2000 in partnership with Eircell , Ireland 's largest mobile network . Other key customers of Followap included the Vodafone Group , Hutchison 3G Group , BT Group , Turkcell , Telecom Italia , Wind and Vimpelcom .   The mobile Messenger which Followap pioneered evolved into extremely popular services following the introduction of the iPhone and App stores for wide-market distribution . These include Whatsapp , Line , QQ , WeChat and KakaoTalk .   The company was acquired by NeuStar for approx . $ 140M in cash , in November 2006 . Investors included Sequoia Capital and Carmel Ventures .

neg: T.G.I. Friday's T.G.I. Fridays is an American restaurant chain focusing on casual dining . The company is a unit of the Sentinel Capital Partners and TriArtisan Capital Partners , who purchased the company from Carlson Companies in May 2014 . The name is asserted to stand for `` Thank God It 's Friday '' , although some television commercials for the chain have also made use of the alternative phrase , `` Thank Goodness It 's Friday . '' The chain is known for its appearance -- with red-striped canopies , brass railings , Tiffany lamps , and frequent use of antiques as decor -- and its cocktails .

neg: The Dam Short Film Festival The Dam Short Film Festival is a film festival held annually in Boulder City , Nevada , typically in early February . Lee Lanier and Anita Lanier are the original co-founders of the festival . The festival is organized by the Dam Short Film Society , a non-profit 501 ( c ) 3 Nevada corporation . Past festival sponsors have included The Art Institutes , the Nevada Film Office , the Hacienda Hotel and Casino , and Cirque du Soleil . The Society receives annual grants from the National Endowment for the Arts via the Nevada Arts Council .   Started in 2005 , the Dam Short Film Festival only screens films that run between 1 and 40 minutes . Generally , there are between 100 and 140 short films programmed each year . Although most of the festival shorts are submitted by student , independent , and other `` up-and-coming '' filmmakers , the stiff competition means many of the shorts have been produced involving film professionals . These have included Oscar-winner Louis Gossett Jr. in `` Window , '' Oscar-winner , Tom Hanks , William Shatner , and Michael York in `` Why Shakespeare ? '' , the late Bela Lugosi narrating an animation based on the Edgar Allan Poe classic `` The Tell-Tale Heart '' , Francesco Quinn in `` The Gnostic '' , and Robert Wagner and Lori Singer in `` Little Victim '' The short films are arranged into thematic programs , such as international drama , crime drama , dramedy , science-fiction , horror , comedy , avant-garde , underground , and animation . In addition to the regular screenings , the festival presents special showcases and retrospectives ; for example , the 2009 event featured a showcase dedicated to documentary filmmaker Jay Rosenblatt while 2008 included a program dedicated to animator Jim Blashfield The festival also presents parties , mixers , filmmaker panels , and Q&A sessions with attending filmmakers .   In 2008 , the Festival moved to the historic 400-seat Boulder Theatre . The Theatre was built in 1931 and is currently owned by Desi Arnaz Jr. and his wife Amy . 2014 marked the 10th anniversary of the festival . At present , Lee Lanier serves as the Dam Short Film Society 's executive director while John LaBonney serves as festival director . The Society has a working board of directors that varies from 4 to 6 members .

neg: Mirage Tavern The Mirage Tavern was a drinking establishment at 731 N. Wells St. in Chicago purchased by the Chicago Sun-Times in 1977 to investigate widespread allegations of official corruption and shakedowns visited on small businesses by city officials . The journalists used hidden cameras to help ensure that city inspectors caught accepting payoffs for ignoring safety hazards were all properly documented .   In 1978 , the Sun-Times broke the story in a 25-part series that documented the many abuses and crimes committed at the tavern , which was shaken down repeatedly by state and local officials . The series was initially nominated for the Pulitzer Prize for general reporting , but the Pulitzer board decided not to award the Sun-Times when editor Ben Bradlee of the Washington Post led an attack on the grounds that the reporters used undercover reporting , a form of deception , to report the story .   The Mirage gave rise to major reforms including city code revisions , new procedures in city inspections and investigations at federal , state and city levels . The IRS sent in 20 agents to take a closer look at tax fraud by cash businesses . The Illinois Department of Revenue formed a new investigative unit : the Mirage Audit Unit . An ongoing federal investigation , spurred by the Mirage findings , managed indictments of a third of the city 's electrical inspectors in 1978 , with more indictments to come later .   The project was overseen by editors James Hoge , Ralph Otwell , Stuart H. Loory and Joseph Reilly . In May 1977 , journalist Pam Zekman and Better Government Association chief investigator Bill Recktenwald purchased the tavern under the aliases Mr. and Mrs. Ray Patterson . Reporter Zay N. Smith , who wrote the series , and BGA investigator Jeff Allen posed as the bartender and manager , respectively . Sun-Times photographers Gene Pesek and Jim Frost were in charge of photographing the tavern 's activities from a hidden section of the tavern built over the washrooms .   Corrupt practices ran the gamut from shakedowns to tax fraud .   The shakedown amounts were small , typically less than $ 100 , as the reporters learned of what they later called `` the supermarket approach to graft -- low prices , high volume '' that inspectors tended to prefer as the safest way of doing illegal business .   Among others , a city electrical inspector agreed to overlook the tavern 's faulty wiring . A fire department lieutenant agreed to sign off on the tavern 's grand opening , despite the loose electrical wiring hanging from rafters and a basement piled high with trash against regulations . A city health inspector ignored maggots and sink drains that emptied down to the basement floor . A state liquor inspector ignored fruit flies in the liquor .  ( The tavern quietly corrected all its code violations , on its own , after the shakedown inspections . )   Also reported were illegal kickbacks from pinball operators and jukebox operators ( A.A. Swingtime Music Company ) , as well as tax skimming . Philip J. Barasch , a local accountant , gave the new owners of the bar extensive lessons on how to keep two sets of account books to skim profits without paying tax and advised them exactly what time of day inspectors showed up and how much their shakedowns would typically cost . He also suggested including his business card with any payoffs to help smooth the shakedown process . The only officials he warned against bribing were the police , noting that `` if you pay off a cop , they keep coming around every month , like flies , looking for a payoff '' . The Mirage , after hearing Barash 's tax advice , hired six more accountants specializing in small cash businesses and was counseled by all of them to commit fraud .   The tavern , which has had more than one owner since the Sun-Times investigation , is now known , after a number of improvements , as the Brehon Pub .

neg: Lion's Choice Lion 's Choice is a Missouri-based quick service restaurant chain specializing in roast beef sandwiches . The restaurant sells lean , top-round roast beef , slow-roasted daily on-site , shaved thin and served with a dash of secret seasoning on a toasted and steamed bun .   The first store was opened by a group of friends in Ballwin , Missouri in 1967 . The concept was originally named Brittany Beef and quickly changed to Red Lion Beef House . Later renamed Lion 's Choice as `` Red Lion '' was already trademarked . In 2013 , the founders sold the company to St. Louis-based private investors . As of 2016 , there are 25 locations in Missouri , all of which are in or near Greater St. Louis .   The restaurant has sponsored a number of charities and teams , such as Shamrocks Against Dystrophy , the St. Louis County Library Reading Club , the MS 150 Bike Tour , and Trailnet . It was the Missouri state winner for the National Restaurant Association 's Restaurant Neighbor Award in 2006 . and was named Best Fast Food by the Riverfront Times .   Because of its specialization in roast beef , Arby 's is considered Lion 's Choice 's direct competition . The company has developed a cult-like following from some customers in the St. Louis market . Since the purchase of the chain by a small private-equity firm from the original founders , it has been involved in much litigation with its largest franchisee .

neg: Bullfeathers Bullfeathers of Capitol Hill is a restaurant and bar on 410 First Street SE in Washington , D.C. , in the Capitol Hill neighborhood . Its name comes from President Theodore Roosevelt 's favorite euphemism for `` bullshit . '' The logo of the restaurant is a depiction of Roosevelt . It was founded in 1979 by Gordon King . It has achieved some degree of fame for its association with congressional staffers and members who have been patrons , and as a place where `` lobbyists take Hill staffers to down martinis . '' . It has opened recently under new ownership . The new owners are Tony Harris , Med Lahlou , William Walls and Jessica Mulroy .   The restaurant has been variously described as `` one of Capitol Hill 's key upscale watering holes '' and `` a favorite House-side dive . '' . Bullfeathers , Capital Hill is also the location of the Annual SWTA Legislative Breakfast   The political activist Ralph E. Reed , Jr. had a religious experience while at Bullfeathers on a Saturday evening in September 1983 . Regarding the experience , Reed said `` the Holy Spirit simply demanded me to come to Jesus . '' He walked outside the pub to a phone booth , thumbed through the Yellow Pages under `` Churches , '' and found the Evangel Assembly of God in Camp Springs , Maryland , He visited the next morning and became a born-again Christian .   The political website PoliticsPA named it to their list of restaurants frequented by politicians .   The restaurant also figured in the Mark Foley scandal . Reports indicated that Mark Foley approached a former 18-year-old intern at Bullfeathers and asked for an email .

neg: Operakällaren Operakällaren is a classic and exclusive restaurant in Kungsträdgården , Stockholm . It is owned through the Nobis corporation by Alessando Catenacci . Operakällaren opened in 1787 , and during its first decades it was an ordinary restaurant . In the 1830s , it became known for its clientele , many of which were artist and politicians . In the 1870s , Operakällaren was refurbished into a more exclusive restaurant by then owner Bengt Carlsson .   The restaurant had linen tablecloths and napkins on the tables , and the walls was covered with wooden panels . The ladies of Stockholm 's socialite were invited and a new trend of serving coffee was introduced . The restaurant was originally called Terrassen ( `` The Terrace '' ) after its open-air section .   The Opera bar was opened in 1905 so the restaurant could compete with other exclusive restaurants in the area , among the regular clients were Anders Zorn and Albert Engström . In the 1950s , the restaurant was run-down and the company had been losing money for several years . Bar owner Tore Wretman who owned other restaurants , took on the challenge to bring the restaurant back to its former glory .   A new modern kitchen , a wine cellar and a new open-air serving area was built . The renovation took six years and Operakällaren was officially reopened again in 1961 . Architects for the project were Peter Celsing and Nils Tesch . Werner Vögeli became head chef . In 2010 , Operakällaren lost its star in the Michelin Guide , but regained it in 2014 , under the new head chef Stefano Catenacci .

neg: Joe's Pub Joe 's Pub , one of the six performance spaces within The Public Theater , is a music venue and restaurant that hosts live performances across genres and arts , ranging from cabaret to modern dance to world music . Joe 's Pub is located at 425 Lafayette Street near Astor Place in Manhattan , New York City . It is named after Joseph Papp , the theatrical producer who established the New York Shakespeare Festival , The Public Theater and the free Shakespeare in the Park program in Central Park .   The venue is notable for being where Amy Winehouse and Adele made their U.S. headlining concert debuts . In 2013 , in its 15th anniversary year , the Pub was declared one of Rolling Stone Magazine 's 10 Best Clubs in America .

neg: Big Mama's & Papa's Pizzeria Big Mama 's & Papa 's Pizzeria is a pizza restaurant chain primarily located in Southern California . The chain is notable for its extremely large `` Giant Sicilian '' pizza , which is claimed to be the largest deliverable pizza in the world . Additionally , the chain gained notoriety when , during the 2014 Academy Awards , host Ellen Degeneres had Big Mama 's pizzas delivered onstage .   The first Big Mama 's & Papa 's was first opened in 1992 by Armenian immigrant brothers Aro and Allen Agakhanyan . At the time , the brothers were neither fluent in English nor out of high school . Since that time , the chain has expanded to 20 restaurants in the Southern California region , with both company-owned and franchise operations . In 2015 , Big Mama 's announced that it will be expanding internationally to Dubai .

neg: Balthazar (restaurant) Balthazar is a French brasserie restaurant located at 80 Spring Street ( between Broadway and Crosby Street ) in SoHo in Manhattan , in New York City . It opened on April 21 , 1997 , and is owned by restaurateur Keith McNally . McNally joked that the best offer he had received for a reservation was to not break McNally 's legs .   McNally also owns Pastis , Cafe Luxembourg , Lucky Strike , the Russian-themed bar and restaurant Pravda , Odeon in Tribeca , and Schiller 's Liquor Bar on the Lower East Side . Balthazar Bakery was later opened , at 80 Spring Street .   McNally opened Balthazar in the theater district in Covent Garden in London , in February 2013 . Balthazar London will reside within a building known as The Flower Cellars , sharing the space with The London Film Museum . General manager will be Byron Lang .  __ FORCETOC __