query: Motorola constructs digital video recorders.

pos: Motorola Motorola ( -LSB- ˌmoʊtəˈroʊlə -RSB- ) was an American multinational telecommunications company founded on September 25 , 1928 , based in Schaumburg , Illinois . After having lost $ 4.3 billion from 2007 to 2009 , the company was divided into two independent public companies , Motorola Mobility and Motorola Solutions on January 4 , 2011 . Motorola Solutions is generally considered to be the direct successor to Motorola , as the reorganization was structured with Motorola Mobility being spun off . Motorola Mobility was acquired by Lenovo in 2014 .   Motorola designed and sold wireless network equipment such as cellular transmission base stations and signal amplifiers . Motorola 's home and broadcast network products included set-top boxes , digital video recorders , and network equipment used to enable video broadcasting , computer telephony , and high-definition television . Its business and government customers consisted mainly of wireless voice and broadband systems ( used to build private networks ) , and public safety communications systems like Astro and Dimetra . These businesses ( except for set-top boxes and cable modems ) are now part of Motorola Solutions . Google sold Motorola Home ( the former General Instrument cable businesses ) to the Arris Group in December 2012 for US$ 2.35 billion .   Motorola 's wireless telephone handset division was a pioneer in cellular telephones . Also known as the Personal Communication Sector ( PCS ) prior to 2004 , it pioneered the `` mobile phone '' with DynaTAC , `` flip phone '' with the MicroTAC as well as the `` clam phone '' with the StarTAC in the mid-1990s . It had staged a resurgence by the mid-2000s with the RAZR , but lost market share in the second half of that decade . Later it focused on smartphones using Google 's open-source Android mobile operating system . The first phone to use the newest version of Google 's open source OS , Android 2.0 , was released on November 2 , 2009 as the Motorola Droid ( the GSM version launched a month later , in Europe , as the Motorola Milestone ) .   The handset division ( along with cable set-top boxes and cable modems ) was later spun off into the independent Motorola Mobility . On May 22 , 2012 , Google CEO Larry Page announced that Google had closed on its deal to acquire Motorola Mobility . On January 29 , 2014 , Page announced that pending closure of the deal , Motorola Mobility would be acquired by Chinese technology company Lenovo for US$ 2.91 billion ( subject to certain adjustments ) . On October 30 , 2014 , Lenovo finalized its purchase of Motorola Mobility from Google .

neg: Digital intermediate Digital intermediate ( typically abbreviated to DI ) is a motion picture finishing process which classically involves digitizing a motion picture and manipulating the color and other image characteristics . It often replaces or augments the photochemical timing process and is usually the final creative adjustment to a movie before distribution in theaters . It is distinguished from the telecine process in which film is scanned and color is manipulated early in the process to facilitate editing . However the lines between telecine and DI are continually blurred and are often executed on the same hardware by colorists of the same background . These two steps are typically part of the overall color management process in a motion picture at different points in time . A digital intermediate is also customarily done at higher resolution and with greater color fidelity than telecine transfers .   Although originally used to describe a process that started with film scanning and ended with film recording , digital intermediate is also used to describe color correction and color grading and even final mastering when a digital camera is used as the image source and/or when the final movie is not output to film . This is due to recent advances in digital cinematography and digital projection technologies that strive to match film origination and film projection .   In traditional photochemical film finishing , an intermediate is produced by exposing film to the original camera negative . The intermediate is then used to mass-produce the films that get distributed to theaters . Color grading is done by varying the amount of red , green , and blue light used to expose the intermediate . This seeks to be able to replace or augment the photochemical approach to creating this intermediate .   The digital intermediate process uses digital tools to color grade , which allows for much finer control of individual colors and areas of the image , and allows for the adjustment of image structure ( grain , sharpness , etc. ) . The intermediate for film reproduction can then be produced by means of a film recorder . The physical intermediate film that is a result of the recording process is sometimes also called a digital intermediate , and is usually recorded to internegative ( IN ) stock , which is inherently finer-grain than camera negative ( OCN ) .   One of the key technical achievements that made the transition to DI possible was the use of the 3D look-up tables ( aka `` 3D LUTs '' ) , which could be used to mimic how the digital image would look once it was printed onto release print stock . This removed a large amount of skilled guesswork from the film-making process , and allowed greater freedom in the colour grading process while reducing risk .   The digital master is often used as a source for a DCI-compliant distribution of the motion picture for digital projection . For archival purposes , the digital master created during the Digital Intermediate process can still be recorded to very stable high dynamic range yellow-cyan-magenta ( YCM ) separations on black-and-white film with an expected 100-year or longer life . This archival format , long used in the industry prior to the invention of DI , still provides an archival medium that is independent of changes in digital data recording technologies and file formats that might otherwise render digitally archived material unreadable in the long term .

neg: Radio Recorders Radio Recorders , Inc. located at 7000 Santa Monica Boulevard , was a recording studio based in Los Angeles , California .   Many notable musicians are reported to have been recorded in the studio include Billie Holiday , Charlie Parker , Jimmie Rodgers , Louis Armstrong , Mario Lanza , Elvis Presley , Jimi Hendrix , Frank Zappa , Paul Frees and The Carpenters among others . In its prime , the studio was known as the best recording facility in Los Angeles .   During the forties and fifties , Radio Recorders was responsible for recording countless radio shows , both network and local , for delayed broadcast , not always for California , but for many western states . Telephone lines ran to all the important stations and the networks . Studio C was the nerve center with at least six recording lathes and turntables and an `` on-the-air '' playback turntable protected by a railing so that it would not be bumped while it was playing a program onto the air . The recording lathes were shock mounted in sand to prevent rumble from the street cars on Santa Monica Boulevard . For much of that era , the recordings were made and played back on lacquer coated aluminum discs , before tape recording was introduced . The room could handle several programs at once , 24 hours a day , and quite often a single engineer on duty would have his hands full .   Most of the major labels used Radio Recorders well into the 1960s . Columbia , RCA Victor , Capitol , and Decca ultimately had their own facilities , but Radio Recorders was still the choice of many independent labels and both popular and classical artists , from Stravinsky to Elvis . In addition , most of the jingles were recorded there . In 1962 H.B. Barnum and Bill Aken chose the annex to record their big band version of ` Goody , Goody '' for Governor Goodwin J. ( Goodie ) Knight 's re-election campaign . Additionally in 1962 Bill Aken would record the classic ` Theme For Shock Theater , ' again with engineer Phil Yeend working the board . The main location at 7000 Santa Monica had two large studios and some smaller ones , as well as disc mastering facilities . In 1946 , the company remodeled a warehouse at 1032 North Sycamore Avenue and built a large studio , capable of handling approximately fifty musicians . This studio was known as Radio Recorders Annex , or , within the industry , just `` The Annex . '' The warehouse originally belonged to RCA Victor and `` the Annex '' was a legendary studio that Victor had built in their warehouse back in the ` 30 's .   In 1965 , Radio Recorders ' star engineer , Thorne Nogar , purchased The Annex and started his own independent Annex Studios , which attracted a distinguished clientele as a full service studio , including mastering . For many years , Lawrence Welk pre-recorded the music for his popular television show , becoming the most important client ; in addition , in the 1960s and 1970s Annex mastered for such labels as Uni Records , Dot Records and Ranwood Records , as well as cutting early pressings of Barbra Streisand 's hit single `` The Way We Were . '' The Annex 's location now houses The Record Plant Studios .   In the late 1980 's the studio was reopened as Studio 56 by Paul Shwartz . At that time bands such as Guns & Roses , Sugar Ray , Toni Braxton , Brandy , No Doubt and others recorded there . The documentary `` Standing in the Shadows of Motown '' was also partially filmed there . Kenneth Crouh , Keith Crouch and Leon Sylvers were all house producers there at that time .   In 2002 the studio gained two new partners Pride Hutchison and Michael Dumas . The studio was then brought back to business under its original name Radio Recorders , and they enlisted the help of longtime friends Jordan Winsen and Steve Loiacano as their staff second engineers . Tom O'Brien , who was working for Schwartz , was kept on as chief engineer . In 2004 the property was declared a historic attraction but never achieved official landmark status by the city of Los Angeles . From 2002 to 2008 the studio welcomed many great projects and clients including Natalie Cole , Dwight Yoakum , Lucinda Williams , Lil ' John , Exzihbit , Annie Lennox and many more ... The facility closed again in 2008 a midst a fraud dispute between Hutchison , Dumas and Shwartz , Silent owners seeking to save the building and real estate property flipper David Bennet . In the end the building was sold in bankruptcy court . Shwartz was left broke , betrayed and feeling blindly used . With lack of capital to fight and overturn the courts decision , the silent owners were left with no moves and the legendary Radio Recorders building was gutted and demolished from the inside . The story as it goes from the inside supposedly is :  Schwartz had a partner before Dumas and Hutchison who passed away and with him likely many of the studios strongest contracts .  Under Schwartz mismanagement the studio struggled and subsequently defaulted on all financial obligations . Hutchinson and Dumas than found Schwartz in a vulnerable position and for a total sum if 50-60k each ( 100k ) Schwartz agreed to partner with them . It is unclear whether they were ever added to the deed or if this money ever went to debts . Its also rumored that during the period of their partnership many raves were held in soundstage studio E ( dubbed so for Elvis ) and rampant drug abuse took place and continued among the partners . It is known that methamphetamine was found in the cupboards of the studio kitchen shortly after Schwartz and that his behavior was often erratic . What than takes place is a battle for property rights among all involved both the silent partner and David Bennet claiming they paid Schwartz a sum of money for his rights .  One side is that a late night meeting took place with notary a menial fee was given to Schwartz and he gave his rights . The other side is David Bennet provided compensation to both Dumas and Hutchison in excess of 50k each for their investment as well as 100k to Schwartz in return for all of their rights . The problem for Bennet being a flipper was that currently each studio was occupied by a tenant and this other silent partner was laying claim . He proceeded to systematically attempt to forge alliances under the false premises that all who helped would bennifit either from the sale / that he would n't sell the building and had no intention of gutting it but rather would maintain it as a studio/That he would sell the property atca fair price to a tenant if they helped him and could raise the capital in a small window . . Supposedly this stipulation was met and Bennet than backed out on his agreement . Hutchison and Dumas were the first to go followed by others . All gear by this point including the piano axel rose recorded November rain with was liquidated and only one studio operated in the building . When Bennet backed out of his deal ( or perhaps the money was never actually raised ) the fight for ownership intensified . Reportedly glass doors were shatterd having had the hinge pins pulled from them and orange Xs were spray painted on other wooden doors of vacant rooms when no one was around . While the silent partner and tenant had teamed up . The results were the same radio recorders studios shut its doors September 2009 . Sleepy Brown of Organized Noise would be the last artist to produce a record in the building . Despite Bennett 's best assurances the studios would all be gutted turned into accounting offices sadly only to become owned by a studio company againv . Schwartz sadly would take his own life.Today the space is used for art exhibits .   In 2010 the property was once again sold and is now part of the Siren Production Company .

neg: Intermediate film system The intermediate film system was a television process in which motion picture film was processed almost immediately after it was exposed in a camera , then scanned by a television scanner , and transmitted over the air . This system was used principally in Britain and Germany where television cameras were not sensitive enough to use reflected light , but could transmit a suitable image when a bright light was shown through motion picture film directly into the camera lens . John Logie Baird began developing the process in 1932 , borrowing the idea of Georg Oskar Schubert from his licensees in Germany , where it was demonstrated by Fernseh AG in 1932 and used for broadcasting in 1934 . The BBC used Baird 's version of the process during the first three months of its then - `` high-definition '' television service from November 1936 through January 1937 , and German television used it during broadcasts of the 1936 Summer Olympics . In both cases , intermediate film cameras alternated with newly introduced direct television cameras .   The exposed film , either 35mm or 17.5 mm ( 35mm split in half , to save expense ) , travelled in a continuous band from the camera , usually atop a remote broadcast vehicle , into a machine that developed and fixed the image . The film was then run through a flying spot scanner ( so called because it moved a focused beam of light back and forth across the image ) , and electronically converted from a negative to a positive image . Depending on the equipment , the time from camera to scanner could be a minute or less . An optical soundtrack was recorded onto the film , between the perforations and the edge of the film , at the same time the image was taken to keep the sound and image in synchronization .   The intermediate film system , with its expensive film usage and relatively immobile cameras , did have the advantage that it left a filmed record of the programme which could be rerun at a different time , with a better image quality than the later kinescope films , which were shot from a video monitor .   Television tubes developed by Farnsworth and Zworykin in the United States , and by EMI in England , with much higher sensitivity to light , made the intermediate film system obsolete by 1937 . Film continued to be used for time-shifting and as a long-term storage until electronic video recorders were invented .

neg: Tape recorder An audio tape recorder , tape deck or tape machine is an analog audio storage device that records and plays back sounds , including articulated voices , usually using magnetic tape , either wound on a reel or in a cassette , for storage . In its present-day form , it records a fluctuating signal by moving the tape across a tape head that polarizes the magnetic domains in the tape in proportion to the audio signal . Tape-recording devices include reel-to-reel tape deck and the cassette deck .   The use of magnetic tape for sound recording originated around 1930 . Magnetizable tape revolutionized both the radio broadcast and music recording industries . It gave artists and producers the power to record and re-record audio with minimal loss in quality as well as edit and rearrange recordings with ease . The alternative recording technologies of the era , transcription discs and wire recorders , could not provide anywhere near this level of quality and functionality . Since some early refinements improved the fidelity of the reproduced sound , magnetic tape has been the highest quality analog sound recording medium available . As of the first decade of the 21st century , analog magnetic tape has been largely replaced by digital recording technologies for consumer purposes , although some still record audio by analog .   Prior to the development of magnetic tape , magnetic wire recorders had successfully demonstrated the concept of magnetic recording , but they never offered audio quality comparable to the other recording and broadcast standards of the time . Some individuals and organizations developed innovative uses for magnetic wire recorders while others investigated variations of the technology . One particularly important variation was the application of an oxide powder to a long strip of paper . This German invention was the start of a long string of innovations that have led to present day magnetic tape recordings .

neg: MD Data MD Data stands for MiniDisc Data , and is a magneto-optical medium for storing computer data . Sony wanted MD Data to replace floppy disks , but the Zip drive from Iomega ended up filling that market need and , later on , the advent of affordable CD writers and very cheap blank CD media , coupled with the availability of memory sticks and cards proved the final straw for MD Data .   The technology provided 140 MB of data storage , but it was slow and expensive . Also , data drives can only read or write audio MDs when set in `` play '' mode , which , however , does not provide computer access to the data .   MD Data appeared in products such as an MD still camera and an MD document scanner . MD Data was also used in the late 1990s in 4 - and 8-track multitrack recording decks . Meant as a step up from the popular 4-track cassette-based studios , these recorders enjoyed a brief prominence before they were replaced by relatively affordable -- and far more flexible -- direct-to-hard drive recording on Windows and Macintosh based computers . The format has always been hampered by the lack of an affordable MD Data drive with which to manipulate and back up data using a PC .   In 1997 , Sony introduced the MD Data2 format , which could hold 650 MB of data ( as opposed to MD Data 's 140 MB ) . However this format was only used by Sony 's DCM-M1 camcorder ( capable of still images and MPEG-2 video ) , and a few multitrack `` portastudio '' - style audio recorders such as Sony 's MDM-X4 and Tascam 's 564 , among others .   The introduction of Hi-MD in 2004 allowed any type of data ( files , music , etc. ) to be stored on a Hi-MD formatted MiniDisc . This allows for storage capacity of around 340MB on a standard MiniDisc and approx . 1GB on a new , higher-density Hi-MD .

neg: MP4 Watch An MP4 watch is a small portable video and music flash-based media player which can be worn on the wrist like a wristwatch . ( See MP4 Player for the origin of the ` MP4 ' moniker . ) Most devices are actually functional digital watches as well as being media players . Users can watch video on the LED or OLED color screen and listen to the audio played back over small built-in speakers , earphones , or a wireless headset in the case of Bluetooth MP4 watches .   MP4 watches typically require the user to convert video files to smaller resolution or particular file formats before they can be played back . This led to the development of `` MP5 '' watches that could play all the popular video file formats natively .   MP4 watches are also known as `` video watches '' , `` MP4 player watches '' , and `` watch MP4 players '' .

neg: Digital Compact Cassette The Digital Compact Cassette ( DCC ) is a magnetic tape sound recording format introduced by Philips and Matsushita in late 1992 and marketed as the successor to the standard analog Compact Cassette . It was also a direct competitor to Sony 's MiniDisc ( MD ) but neither format toppled the then ubiquitous analog cassette despite their technical superiority . Another competing format , the Digital Audio Tape ( DAT ) had by 1992 also failed to sell in large quantities ( although it was established in recording studios ) -- DCC was envisaged as a cheaper alternative to DAT . DCC shared a similar form factor to analog cassettes , and DCC recorders could play back either type of cassette . This backward compatibility allowed users to adopt digital recording without rendering their existing tape collections obsolete .

neg: Digital Light Processing Digital Light Processing ( DLP ) is a display device based on optical micro-electro-mechanical technology that uses a digital micromirror device . It was originally developed in 1987 by Larry Hornbeck of Texas Instruments . While the DLP imaging device was invented by Texas Instruments , the first DLP-based projector was introduced by Digital Projection Ltd in 1997 . Digital Projection and Texas Instruments were both awarded Emmy Awards in 1998 for the DLP projector technology . DLP is used in a variety of display applications from traditional static displays to interactive displays and also non-traditional embedded applications including medical , security , and industrial uses .   DLP technology is used in DLP front projectors ( standalone projection units for classrooms and business primarily ) , DLP rear projection television sets , and digital signs . It is also used in about 85 % of digital cinema projection , and in additive manufacturing as a light source in some printers to cure resins into solid 3D objects .   Smaller `` pico '' chipsets are used in mobile devices including cell phone accessories and projection display functions embedded directly into phones .

neg: Rolling shutter Rolling shutter is a method of image capture in which a still picture ( in a still camera ) or each frame of a video ( in a video camera ) is captured not by taking a snapshot of the entire scene at single instant in time but rather by scanning across the scene rapidly , either vertically or horizontally . In other words , not all parts of the image of the scene are recorded at exactly the same instant . ( Though , during playback , the entire image of the scene is displayed at once , as if it represents a single instant in time . ) This produces predictable distortions of fast-moving objects or rapid flashes of light . This is in contrast with `` global shutter '' in which the entire frame is captured at the same instant .   The `` rolling shutter '' can be either mechanical or electronic . The advantage of this method is that the image sensor can continue to gather photons during the acquisition process , thus effectively increasing sensitivity . It is found on many digital still and video cameras using CMOS sensors . The effect is most noticeable when imaging extreme conditions of motion or the fast flashing of light . While some CMOS sensors use a global shutter , the majority found in the consumer market use a rolling shutter .   CCDs ( charge-coupled devices ) are alternatives to CMOS sensors , which are generally more sensitive and more expensive . CCD-based cameras often use global shutters , which take a snapshot representing a single instant in time and therefore do not suffer from the motion artifacts caused by rolling shutters .

neg: DVD-VR The DVD-VR standard defines a logical format for video recording on DVD-R , DVD-RW , and DVD-RAM style media , including the dual layer versions of these media . As opposed to media recorded with the DVD+VR recording standard , the resulting media are not DVD-Video compliant , and do not play back in some DVD-Video players . Most DVD video recorders in the market that support DVD-R , DVD-RW , or DVD-RAM media record to these media in DVD-VR mode , as well as in a DVD-Video compliant mode . It is possible to use the DVD-VR format with DVD+R and DVD+RW media , but no examples are known other than some PC based recording utilities .   The standard was introduced in 1999 by the DVD Forum , and licensing is managed by the DVD Format/Logo Licensing Corporation . For each of the supported media , the full recording standard consists of three parts being : Physical Specifications ( Part 1 ) , File System Specifications ( Part 2 ) , and the Video Recording Specifications ( Part 3 ) .

neg: Color motion picture film Color motion picture film refers both to unexposed color photographic film in a format suitable for use in a motion picture camera , and to finished motion picture film , ready for use in a projector , which bears images in color .   The first color cinematography was by additive color systems such as the one patented by Edward Raymond Turner in 1899 and tested in 1902 . A simplified additive system was successfully commercialized in 1909 as Kinemacolor . These early systems used black-and-white film to photograph and project two or more component images through different color filters .   Around 1920 , the first practical subtractive color processes were introduced . These also used black-and-white film to photograph multiple color-filtered source images , but the final product was a multicolored print that did not require special projection equipment . Before 1932 , when three-strip Technicolor was introduced , commercialized subtractive processes used only two color components and could reproduce only a limited range of color .   In 1935 , Kodachrome was introduced , followed by Agfacolor in 1936 . They were intended primarily for amateur home movies and `` slides '' . These were the first films of the `` integral tripack '' type , coated with three layers of differently color-sensitive emulsion , which is usually what is meant by the words `` color film '' as commonly used . The few color films still being made in the 2010s are of this type . The first color negative films and corresponding print films were modified versions of these films . They were introduced around 1940 but only came into wide use for commercial motion picture production in the early 1950s . In the US , Eastman Kodak 's Eastmancolor was the usual choice , but it was often re-branded with another trade name , such as `` WarnerColor '' , by the studio or the film processor .   Later color films were standardized into two distinct processes : Eastman Color Negative 2 chemistry ( camera negative stocks , duplicating interpositive and internegative stocks ) and Eastman Color Positive 2 chemistry ( positive prints for direct projection ) , usually abbreviated as ECN-2 and ECP-2 . Fuji 's products are compatible with ECN-2 and ECP-2 .   Film was the dominant form of cinematography until the 2010s , when it was largely replaced by digital cinematography .

neg: CTL timecode Control track longitudinal , or CTL , timecode , developed by JVC in the early 1990s , is a unique technique for embedding , or striping , reference SMPTE timecode onto a videotape .   Similar to the way VITC timecode is embedded in the vertical interval area of a video signal , CTL timecode embeds SMPTE timecode in the control track area of helical scan video recordings . The advantage of both VITC and CTL timecode is that a precious audio track does not have to be sacrificed for linear timecode .   Though a very effective technology , and still probably in limited use today , CTL timecode never really caught on . JVC is apparently the only manufacturer that included CTL timecode capability in their video products , and this was limited to select professional S-VHS equipment .   When it was introduced , there was a lot of undeserved negativity about CTL timecode , because people misunderstood how it worked . Many incorrectly assumed that CTL timecode was nothing more than a control track pulse signal . The only real problem with CTL timecode was that JVC chose to call it `` CTL timecode '' .   Control Track Pulse : Most are familiar with the digital `` counters '' on VHS recorders and camcorders , viewed via the onscreen display ( OSD ) and/or a dedicated LED display . These numbers are sometimes in real time format ( hours : minutes : seconds ) , but are often only an ambiguous 4 digit sequential counter . These numbers advance up or down based on the machine counting a tape 's control track pulses . This type of display is useful only as a simple and temporary reference , as it is very inaccurate , and the counter is reset to zero when a tape is inserted . A basic 4 digit counter is almost completely worthless , as their rate of advance was never standardized by manufacturers .   Conversely , CTL timecode is an absolute timecode with specific digital references for every frame of video . Thus , a tape with CTL timecode can always display current timecode position accurately , even if the tape is moved from one machine to another . CTL timecode embedding can be transferred when making a copy , as long as the recording machine supports CTL timecode . Because CTL timecode is SMPTE timecode , its timecode can be interchanged with other SMPTE timecode schemes , like VITC and LTC ( linear , audio track ) timecode , as well as SMPTE timecode devices like timecode readers , generators , window dub inserters , MIDI synchronizers , and edit controllers .   CTL timecode is vulnerable to any gaps or problems in a tape 's control track , but so is LTC and VITC timecode . The acronym LOCT ( pronounced locked ) , used by many video professionals , can mean `` Loss Of Control Track '' , and/or `` Loss Of Continuous Timecode '' .

neg: Modem A modem ( modulator-demodulator ) is a network hardware that modulates one or more carrier wave signals to encode digital information for transmission and demodulates signals to decode the transmitted information . The goal is attempting to produce a signal that can be transmitted easily and decoded to reproduce the original digital data . Modems can be used with any means of transmitting analog signals , from light emitting diodes to radio . A common type of modem is one that turns the digital data of a computer into modulated electrical signal for transmission over telephone lines and demodulated by another modem at the receiver side to recover the digital data .   Modems are generally classified by the maximum amount of data they can send in a given unit of time , usually expressed in bits per second ( symbol bit/s , sometimes abbreviated `` bps '' ) , or bytes per second ( symbol B/s ) . Modems can also be classified by their symbol rate , measured in baud . The baud unit denotes symbols per second , or the number of times per second the modem sends a new signal . For example , the ITU V. 21 standard used audio frequency shift keying with two possible frequencies , corresponding to two distinct symbols ( or one bit per symbol ) , to carry 300 bits per second using 300 baud . By contrast , the original ITU V. 22 standard , which could transmit and receive four distinct symbols ( two bits per symbol ) , transmitted 1,200 bits by sending 600 symbols per second ( 600 baud ) using phase shift keying .

neg: VX (videocassette format) VX was a short-lived and unsuccessful consumer analog recording videocassette format developed by Matsushita and launched in 1975 in Japan . In the US it was sold using the Quasar brand and marketed under the name `` The Great Time Machine '' to exhibit its time-shifting capabilities , since VX machines had a companion electro-mechanical clock timer for timed recording of television programs . In Japan , the VX-100 model was launched in 1975 , with the VX-2000 following in 1976 . The first and only model sold in North America was the Quasar VR-1000 ( based on the Panasonic VX-2000 ) , with the VT-100 timer .

neg: Peep search Peep Search ( or BetaSkipScan ) is feature available on many videocassette recorders and most camcorders , whereby the unit can show you what is on the tape during rewind and fast forward operations . For this feature to work seamlessly , the tape must be fully laced up ( wrapped around the video heads ) during rewind and fast-forward operation , which is not usually supported on VHS decks and therefore makes VHS almost the only video tape format where peep search is not usually available .   To make a distinction between peep search and normal picture search , consider the following operations :   Picture Search ( or cue and review ) :  During tape playback , the Fast Forward or Rewind button is pressed . Depending on the model of machine , this button press may be momentary or have to be held . The picture can be viewed at high speed . When the button is released , or when Play is pressed again ( depending on model ) , the video tape will again play at normal speed .   Peep Search :  During tape fast forward or rewind , the same function is selected again with the Fast Forward or Rewind button . Now the machine instantly displays a high speed image from the tape . Upon releasing the button , the machine reverts to the fast forward or rewind function .   On some models of equipment , the peep search is carried out at the full rewind or fast forward speed , but most slow the tape down to the picture search speed and actually perform a picture search operation .   Peep Search is available with all of the following video tape formats :  Video8/Hi8  Digital8  Betamax , though not implemented by Sanyo decks , most of which returned the tape to the cassette for high speed winding . Sony called their mode `` BetaSkipScan '' .  miniDV , almost all miniDV equipment supports this feature , the notable exception being some JVC camcorders .  micromv   The following formats generally or always unlace during rewind and fast-forward operations and so are unable to carry out this function :  VHS/SVHS though a few models attempt to emulate the functionality , mostly Sony  V2000  The following formats remain laced during rewind and fast-forward operations but the mechanisms did not allow for this feature :  N1500/N1700   The peep search function may go under differing names , or no name at all , with some manufacturers . Curiously , many manufacturers ' instruction manuals make no mention of this feature , even when it is installed . The name was first used by Canon .   Category : Video storage

neg: Definity (film recorder) Definity is a digital film recorder for motion picture applications , produced by CCG Digital Image Technology , the successor of Agfa-Gevaert 's film recorder division .   Launched at NAB in Las Vegas in 2004 , Definity marked a departure from previous , more analogue technologies of recording digital sequences onto motion picture film as it utilizes a monochrome high-resolution LCD panel . Before Definity 's launch , LCD technology was commonly regarded as unsuitable for film recording purposes , despite its great potential : Main problems were limitations in bit depth , temporary image retention ( TIR ) and insufficiently saturated colors .   Definity 's imaging unit exploits the sub-pixel structure of the LCD in order to record anamorphic `` CinemaScope '' material without loss of horizontal image information : When instead of the standard square pixels the device utilizes its native anamorphic pixels ( with an aspect of 3:1 ) , flat widescreen material with a typical aspect ratio of 2.36:1 is horizontal compressed on the LCD , thus arriving at a squeezed , 1.18:1 image required on-film without having to jettison vital image information .   Since 2010 CCG launched a new full LED backlight system to increase the contrast and Density range by using 4320 separate RGB LEDs , increasing speed and Contrast ratio .

neg: Hidden camera A hidden camera or spy camera or security camera is a still or video camera used to record people without their knowledge . The camera is `` hidden '' because it is either not visible to the subject being filmed , or is disguised as another object . Hidden cameras can be built into commonly used objects such as television sets , smoke detectors , clock radios , motion detectors , ball caps , plants , and mobile phones . Hidden cameras may be used for household surveillance and may also be used commercially or industrially as security cameras . The proliferation and lower costs of video recording devices has led to an increase in the use of hidden cameras for legitimate surveillance need , as well as for entertainment and other purposes .   The use of hidden cameras raises personal privacy issues and there may be legal aspects to consider , depending on the jurisdiction in which use takes place . A hidden camera can be contrasted with CCTV , which is visible and which sometimes is accompanied with a warning notice of its presence .

neg: Digital Transmission Content Protection Digital Transmission Content Protection ( DTCP ) is a digital rights management ( DRM ) technology that restrict digital home technologies including DVD players and televisions by encrypting interconnections between devices . This permits the distribution of content through other devices such as personal computers or portable media players , if they also implement the DTCP standards . DTCP has also been referred to as `` 5C '' content protection , a reference to the five companies that created DTCP ; Hitachi , Intel , Matsushita , Sony , and Toshiba .   The standard was originally proposed in February 1998 , when the five companies presented the system to the Copy Protection Technical Working Group ( CPTWG ) , an ad hoc body organized to evaluate DRM technologies . The five companies subsequently established the Digital Transmission Licensing Administrator ( DTLA ) in June 1998 to simplify licensing procedures and promote acceptance of the DTCP method by content providers , electronics manufacturers , and broadcast service providers . They also released the 5C Digital Transmission Content Protection White Paper describing the system . The paper specifies Hitachi 's M6 cipher as the baseline encryption system , which was already in widespread use in the Japanese cable industry .   At the time , FireWire was widely regarded as the up-and-coming standard for interconnecting media devices , although this has not been widely adopted in the decade following . More recently there appears to be a move to using TCP/IP carried on high-speed ethernet and WiFi connections to replace FireWire and similar systems , a move epitomized by the Apple TV . The DTCP standard has branched out to cover a variety of media types to respond to these industry changes , and now supports USB , IP , WiFi , Bluetooth and MOST ( a media standard for automotive platforms ) in addition to FireWire .   DTCP specification is proprietary and is only disseminated to members , who agree to the DTLA agreements ( some fees need to be paid to even get the specification ) . An `` informational version '' of the specification , omitting some critical details of the implementation , is freely available .

neg: DSM CC Digital storage media command and control ( DSM-CC ) is a toolkit for developing control channels associated with MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 streams . It is defined in part 6 of the MPEG-2 standard ( Extensions for DSM-CC ) and uses a client/server model connected via an underlying network ( carried via the MPEG-2 multiplex or independently if needed ) .   DSM-CC may be used for controlling the video reception , providing features normally found on Video Cassette Recorders ( VCR ) ( fast-forward , rewind , pause , etc. ) . It may also be used for a wide variety of other purposes including packet data transport . It is defined by a series of weighty standards , principally MPEG-2 ISO/IEC 13818-6 ( part 6 of the MPEG-2 standard ) .   DSM-CC may work in conjunction with next generation packet networks , working alongside such internet protocols as RSVP , RTSP , RTP and SCP . Although DSM-CC is usually associated with video delivery ( via satellite or terrestrially ) and with interactive content , it is also used among audio servers and clients . The architecture describes three main parts of the system : the client , the server , and the session resource manager ( SRM ) . The server provides content and other services to the client , and both are `` clients '' of the SRM . The SRM allocates and manages network resources ( such as channels , bandwidth , and network addresses . ) By combining server and client components together onto the same platforms , peer-to-peer content access and delivery systems can be constructed .   These specifications include numerous implementation options . For example , MPEG-2 video can be encoded in different ways , and a DSM-CC system can be constructed to include or exclude certain features and interfaces . Normally , an outside specification will define a profile of specific options , allowing systems built using common profiles to interoperate .   DSM-CC defines or extends five distinct protocols :   User-User Allows remote access by the client to objects on the server . The User-User specification goes beyond the definition of specific server object classes to define classes local to the client , as well as some of the interaction with other parts of the system . The distributed object model is based on CORBA . Objects are accessed using the internet inter-ORB protocol ( IIOP ) , with some optional extensions . Two subsets , `` core '' and `` extended '' , are defined . In the model , some clients may also load content onto the server .   User-Network There are two parts to this protocol : Session and Resource . This protocol is used between the client and SRM , and between the server and SRM . The U-N Session protocol is used to establish sessions with the network , associated with resources which are allocated and released using the U-N Resource protocol .   MPEG transport profiles The specification provides profiles to the standard MPEG transport protocol ( defined by ISO/IEC 13818-1 ) to allow transmission of event , synchronization , download , and other information in the MPEG transport stream .   Download Several variations of this protocol allow transfer of content from server to client , either within the MPEG transport stream or on a separate ( presumably high-speed ) channel . Flow-controlled download allows the download operations to be negotiated and controlled by the client . A variation of download is an autonomous `` data carousel '' on the server which repeatedly downloads information ; the download carousel client waits for the information without initiating the transfer . An extension to the data carousel is the `` object carousel '' , which presents downloaded information as objects compatible with the objects defined by the User-User API . ( The choice of download or IIOP protocols is embedded in the object 's IOR , so the means of access is transparent to the client application . )   Switched Digital Broadcast-Channel Change Protocol ( SDB/CCP ) Enables a client to remotely switch from channel to channel in a broadcast environment . Used to attach a client to a continuous-feed session ( CFS ) or other broadcast feed . Sometimes used in pay-per-view .   An implementation does not always need all of these protocols . Almost all implementations in the real world use a subset .


query: Music Bank (TV series) has been hosted by Song Hye-kyo.

pos: Music Bank (TV series) Music Bank is a South Korean music program which airs every Friday at 17:00 KST on KBS2 . As of 2015 , the show is also broadcast in more than a hundred countries through KBS World . Episodes are filmed at the KBS New Wing Open Hall in Yeouido-dong , Yeongdeungpo-gu . The show also organizes the global live concert Music Bank World Tour .   Since November 2016 , it is hosted by Lee Seo-won and Laboum 's Solbin . Past hosts include Song Hye-kyo , Rain , Ji Sung , Song Joong-ki , Uee , Yoon Bo-ra , Park Seo-joon , Irene , and Park Bo-gum .

neg: Industrial Bank of Korea Kiup Bank ( Industrial Bank of Korea ( IBK ) , Korean : 기업은행 , ) is an industrial bank company headquartered in Jung-gu , Seoul , South Korea . The bank was established in 1961 . Its bank slogan in the financial network is `` Global Leading Bank . '' This bank is owned by the Government of the Republic of Korea ( South Korea ) . In 2013 Kwon Seon-joo became its CEO , and thus became South Korea 's first female bank CEO .

neg: Mr.Mr. (song) `` Mr.Mr . '' is a Korean song recorded by South Korean girl group Girls ' Generation for their fourth Korean titular extended play ( 2014 ) . The song was released on February 25 , 2014 , as a single from the EP . The song was composed by American production team The Underdogs , who had previously worked with Western artists including Britney Spears , Beyoncé , and Justin Timberlake . A music video for the song was initially planned to be released on February 19 but was postponed to February 28 due to the accidental deletion of some of the original files .   `` Mr.Mr . '' was described as an electropop and pop-R & B song that incorporates a hip hop beat and EDM-influenced buildups . The song received generally positive reviews from music critics , who praised its musical styles , which were deemed a departure from the group 's signature bubblegum pop sound . The single ranked number 18 on Billboard magazine 's list of 20 Best K-pop Songs of 2014 and was included on Time '' 's list of 25 Best Songs of 2014 ( So Far ) in June 2014 .   To promote the song and the EP , Girls ' Generation appeared on several music programs including M Countdown , Music Bank , Show ! Music Core , and Inkigayo around February and March 2014 . The single was a commercial success in the group 's native country South Korea , peaking atop the Gaon Digital Chart and selling over 900,000 digital units in 2014 . It also charted at number three on the Korea K-Pop Hot 100 and number four on the Billboard '' World Digital Songs .

neg: Music on Top Music On Top ( Korean : 뮤직온탑 ) was a South Korean music television program broadcast by JTBC . It airs live every Wednesday at 6:20 PM KST . It is currently hosted by Yoon Doo-joon of B2ST and actor Lee Hyun-woo . The show was put on hiatus after the March 14 , 2012 episode , but it reported to be coming back in at some indefinite date in the future ; this was a factor of having consistent low ratings ( similar to the demise of shows of like format such as Channel A ( Korea ) 's `` K-Pop Con '' and Maeil Broadcasting Network 's `` Show ! K Music '' . )

neg: Hyun Jin-young Huh Hyun-seok ( born February 3 , 1971 ) , better known as Hyun Jin-young ( Korean : 현진영 ) , is a South Korean singer , dancer , and rapper . He is known for his role in introducing hip-hop music to Korea .

neg: Becoming a Billionaire Becoming a Billionaire ( ; lit . `` Birth of the Rich '' ) is a 2010 South Korean television series starring Ji Hyun-woo , Lee Bo-young , Lee Si-young and Namgung Min . It aired on KBS2 from March 1 to May 4 , 2010 on Mondays and Tuesdays at 21:55 for 20 episodes .

neg: MBC Music MBC Music is a South Korean specialty television channel owned by MBC Plus Media . The cable channel primarily broadcasts programming related to music .   The channel opened on February 1 , 2012 , with a new music program Show Champion .

neg: WoongSan WoongSan ( born Kim Eun Young ) is an award-winning South Korean musician , actress and TV show host . She has been a leading figure in the jazz music scene in Korea and Japan for over a decade , having performed live over 500 times since her 1998 Japanese debut . She is the first Korean-born musician to perform at New York City 's historic Blue Note Jazz Club and has collaborated with many other well-known jazz musicians including Benny Green , Lonnie Plaxico , Rodney Green , Conrad Herwig and Suzuki Hisatsugu . She is also well known for training Ali ( South Korean singer ) , a popular K-pop singer .

neg: Jang Yoon-ju Jang Yoon-ju ( born November 7 , 1980 ) is a South Korean model , television personality , singer-songwriter and actress . Jang began modeling in 1997 when she was 17 years old , and became one of the most successful Korean fashion models , with a career spanning almost two decades . She also hosts Korea 's Next Top Model , and won Best Radio DJ at the 2013 KBS Entertainment Awards for KBS Cool FM 's Rooftop Radio . As a singer-songwriter , Jang has released two albums , Dream ( 2008 ) and I 'm Fine ( 2012 ) . She made her acting debut in 2015 , playing a detective in Ryoo Seung-wan 's crime thriller Veteran .

neg: Two Yoo Project Sugar Man Two Yoo Project - Sugar Man is a 2015 South Korean television program starring Yoo Jae-suk , You Hee-yeol , Kim Eana and Sandara Park . The original 2-episode pilot aired at 22:50 ( KST ) on Wednesday ( August 19 & 26 , 2015 ) under the name Two Yoo Project Searching For Sugar Man . The regular broadcast kicked off beginning October 20 , 2015 , every Tuesday at 22:50 ( KST ) .   The idea for the program began with the documentary Searching For Sugar Man , which refers to the 2012 Swedish-British documentary about American musician Sixto Rodriguez , who faded into obscurity in the United States but somehow ended up as a megastar in South Africa .   The program revolves around the battle of two teams led by Yoo Jae-suk and Yoo Hee-yeol . Each team will brings back a `` Sugar Man '' : the singer who was a one-hit wonder , but has since disappeared from the public eye . The two teams recreate the old song , `` Sugar Song '' , into new versions which will make them appealing to today 's music market . To relive their glory , the songs will be recreated by each producer from each team with today 's artist , `` Show Man '' , who are slated to change every episode .

neg: Park Bom Park Bom ( born March 24 , 1984 ) , better known by the mononym Bom , is a South Korean singer . She is best known as a member of the South Korean girl group 2NE1 . The group announced their disbandment on November 25 , 2016 .   Park Bom began her musical career in 2006 , featuring on singles released by label-mates Big Bang , Lexy and Masta Wu . In 2009 , she made her debut as a member of 2NE1 as the main vocalist .   She has also released two solo singles , `` You and I '' and `` Do n't Cry '' . Both singles reached number one on the Gaon Digital Chart , the national music chart of South Korea . `` You and I '' was also awarded `` Best Digital Single '' at the 2010 Mnet Asian Music Awards .

neg: Psy discography This is the discography of the South Korean idol Psy . He is well known for his humorous videos and stage performances , and for his hit single `` Gangnam Style '' , a song about where he came from and which talks about the life of the people of Gangnam , which is a neighborhood in Seoul , South Korea .   In January 2001 , Psy debuted with his full-length album Psy from the Psycho World ! , for which he received a fine due to accusations that the album contained `` inappropriate content '' . He released his controversial second album , Sa 2 , in 2002 , which sparked complaints from concerned civil groups due to the potentially negative influence his album would have on children and teenagers . Since then , Psy has been thought of as a controversial artist , and Sa 2 was banned in 2002 from being sold to those under the age of 19 . Later in September the same year , Psy released his third album 3 Mai . The album 's title song , `` Champion '' , saw great success partly due to the hype from the World Cup games held in Seoul . Despite the significant amount of controversy surrounding his music , Psy was awarded with songwriting accolades at the annually held Seoul Music Awards , which marked his breakthrough in the music industry of South Korea .   In 2006 , Psy released his 4th album Sa Jib , which won honors at the 2006 SBS Music Awards and the Mnet Asian Music Awards . Psy released his 5th album PsyYFive in 2010 , but its lead single `` Right Now '' was banned by South Korea 's Ministry of Gender Equality and Family for its `` obscene '' lyrics . Despite his lead single being banned , Psy received awards during the 2011 Melon Music Awards and Mnet Asian Music Awards . Prior to the release of `` Gangnam Style '' , Psy had topped domestic music charts half a dozen times throughout his 12-year career , according to Billboard .   In July 2012 , PSY released his 6th album Psy 6 ( Six Rules ) , Part 1 and the song `` Gangnam Style '' appeared in broadcasting networks and newspapers outside Asia . On August 14 , `` Gangnam Style '' ranked first on YouTube 's ` Most Viewed Videos ' monthly chart ; it has received over 2 billion on YouTube ( the first to reach this mark and currently the number one viewed video in YouTube 's history ) . His single , `` Gentleman '' , was released on April 12 , 2013 in 119 countries .

neg: Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation ( MBC ; 문화방송주식회사 Hanja : 文化放送 ; Munhwa Bangsong Jushikhoesa , literally `` Cultural Broadcasting Corporation '' ) is one of the leading South Korean television and radio networks . Munhwa is the Korean word for `` culture '' . Its flagship terrestrial television station is Channel 11 ( LCN ) for Digital .   Established on December 2 , 1961 , MBC is a Korean terrestrial broadcaster which has a nationwide network of 17 regional stations . Though it operates on advertising , MBC is a public broadcaster , as its largest shareholder is a public organization , The Foundation of Broadcast Culture . Today , it is a multimedia group with one terrestrial TV channel , three radio channels , five cable channels , five satellite channels and four DMB channels .   MBC is headquartered in Digital Media City ( DMC ) , Mapo-gu , Seoul and has the largest broadcast production facilities in Korea including digital production center Dream Center in Ilsan , indoor and outdoor sets in Yongin Daejanggeum Park .

neg: Korean Wave The Korean Wave ( , , a neologism literally meaning `` flow of Korea '' ) is the increase in global popularity of South Korean culture since the 1990s . First driven by the spread of K-dramas and K-pop across East , South and Southeast Asia during its initial stages , the Korean Wave evolved from a regional development into a global phenomenon , carried by the Internet and social media and the proliferation of K-pop music videos on YouTube .   Since the turn of the 21st century , South Korea has emerged as a major exporter of popular culture and tourism , aspects which have become a significant part of its burgeoning economy . The growing popularity of Korean pop culture in many parts of the world has prompted the South Korean government to support its creative industries through subsidies and funding for start-ups , as a form of soft power and in its aim of becoming one of the world 's leading exporters of culture along with Japanese and British culture , a niche that the United States has dominated for nearly a century . During this time the Korean society began to be recognized as a developed country similar to that of the Western world .   Part of the success of the Korean Wave owes in part to the development of social networking services and online video sharing platforms such as YouTube , which have allowed the Korean entertainment industry to reach a sizable overseas audience . Use of these media in facilitating promotion , distribution and consumption of various forms of Korean entertainment ( and K-pop in particular ) has contributed to their surge in worldwide popularity since the mid-2000s .

neg: Hey! Hey! Hey! Music Champ Hey ! Hey ! Hey ! Music Champ was a Japanese music variety show on Fuji Television hosted by the comedy duo Downtown , which consists of Hitoshi Matsumoto and Masatoshi Hamada . It is a very popular show with comical hosts who like to pick on their guests . An episode usually consists of live performances ( of recently released songs ) from popular artists , chat segments and other fun and games .   Many famous singers such as Ayumi Hamasaki , Britney Spears , Utada Hikaru , and Namie Amuro have performed almost all of their singles on this show . Japanese rock artists such as Glay , X Japan , Alice Nine , The Gazette , Nightmare , Gackt , and L'Arc-en-Ciel have also been on the show performing their hit singles as well as playing games with the hosts . All bands signed under Johnny & Associates have also appeared on the show as guests and have performed their latest hit songs . South Korean boybands SS501 , Big Bang , TVXQ and girl groups S.E.S. , Girls ' Generation , and Kara have also appeared on the show .   On September 18 , 2012 , Fuji TV announced that `` Hey ! Hey ! Hey ! Music Champ '' would end its run after eighteen years . The series finale aired on December 17 , 2012 .

neg: Hyomin Park Sun-young ( born May 30 , 1989 ) , better known by her stage name Hyomin , is a South Korean singer , songwriter and actress . She is a member of South Korean girl group T-ara .

neg: List of songs written by Kim Jong-hyun Kim Jong-hyun ( most often credited as Jonghyun ) , is a South Korean singer-songwriter and producer . He began his musical career in 2008 as a member of the group Shinee and later formed the ballad group S.M. . The Ballad . Jonghyun debuted as a composer happened to write Korean lyrics for the Shinees promotional single `` Juliette '' , which was featured in the mini-album Romeo , released in May 2009 . Participate in the writing of three songs on Shinee 's second Korean studio album , `` Lucifer '' , the first , `` Up & Down '' , was co-written with Misfit with the rap being written by Minho , the second , `` Obsession '' , was completely written by Jonghyun with Minho once again working on his own rap , and the third `` Shout Out '' co-written by all members of Shinee , JQ and Misfit . In 2012 , Jonghyun co-wrote the lyrics to the song with `` Alarm Clock '' with Minho , a song about wishing to wake up from the nightmare of a past break up , and wrote the lyrics to `` Honesty '' which was described as a song written for the fans who had stayed by their side with unchanging love until that point . Both songs were featured on the mini album , `` Sherlock '' .   In February 2014 , after being made the DJ for the MBC FM4U midnight radio show , Blue Night , Jonghyun debuted a composition / songwriting corner titled , The Man Who Composes . The corner began in July 2014 and has continued since with different `` season '' taking place at different times , namely : July 2014 , November 2014 , April 2015 , July 2015 , January 2016 , and July 2016 . On January 7 , 2015 , debuted as a solo artist with the release of the self-composed song `` Déjà-Boo '' with the participation of Zion.T . Jonghyun released his first extended play titled Base on January 12 , 2015 . Later Jonghyun released compilation album Story Op. 1 on September 17 the same year , with nine self-composed songs . Following the release of his compilation album , Jonghyun made a comeback with the release of his first full-length album , She Is .

neg: Pops in Seoul Pops in Seoul , airing since 1998 , has presented Korean pop music for the past nine years as Arirang TV 's most popular music program . The show 's VJ presents current music plus news about K-pop culture in the process supporting our domestic musicians ' activities abroad and providing overseas viewers with the latest Korean pop music and information . The former host Daniel from DMTN who was caught up in a drug scandal dropped out as the MC on March 13 , 2013 and was officially replaced by BTOB 's Peniel . On August 18 , 2013 , Wonder Girls member Lim debuted as the show 's newest host . On March 10 , 2014 , Lim officially stepped down from her MCing duties and was succeeded by five new hosts .   Each day of the week features exciting segments , including new music videos and a closer look at stars on Mondays with Skarf 's leader Tasha , the latest K-pop news and a look back at past music on Tuesdays with Nak Hun , up-and-coming stars on Wednesdays with Electroboyz 's 1kyne , an interview with top stars on Thursdays with Blady 's Coco where they get to pick their own questions , and the top 20 songs of the week on Fridays with Sam Ku . On March 27 , 2017 , the show had new host 's Nancy from the group Momoland . The show is available on Viki , with subtitles in multiple languages .

neg: Song Ji-hyo Cheon Soo-yeon ( born Cheon Seong-im ; born August 15 , 1981 ) , better known by her stage name Song Ji-hyo , is a South Korean actress and model . She made her acting debut in Wishing Stairs ( 2003 ) , one of Whispering Corridors film series . She then received further recognition for her roles in Princess Hours ( 2006 ) , Jumong ( 2007 ) , A Frozen Flower ( 2008 ) , New World ( 2013 ) , Emergency Couple ( 2014 ) , and My Wife 's Having an Affair this Week ( 2016 ) .   Besides acting , Song is also known for being one of the members of the South Korean variety show Running Man .

neg: Hong Kyung-min Hong Kyung-Min ( ; born February 9 , 1976 ) is a South Korean pop rock singer known for his versatility . He is one of a few singers in Korea that excels at many different styles of music , from rock to dance to ballad . He has also proven himself a talented musician and a well rounded entertainer .

neg: Hwang Chi-yeul Hwang Chi Yeul , ( , -LSB- ˈhʊɑːŋ tʃɪjɔːl -RSB- born 3 December 1982 ) is a South Korean musician , singer , songwriter and TV show host of Immortal Songs 2 and he competed in I Am a Singer ( season 4 ) , placed 3rd in the finals .  Hwang is his family name and Chi Yeul is given name , also known as Hwang Chi Yeol .  He made his official debut in 2007 , releasing two albums - a digital single album titled 치열 ( Chi Yeul , 致列 ) and an album titled 오감 ( Five senses , 五感 ) - in the same year . He appeared on various TV and radio shows for about one year after his debut , but had to disappear from the stage since his previous management company closed the business due to financial difficulties . He spent his twenties working part-time jobs , and taught at music schools as a vocal coach for a living until late 2014 .   In March 2015 , he appeared in I Can See Your Voice on Mnet Korea after a writer of the show requested him to participate in it . His success after the episode aired became the significant turning point in his life , making him known .  Other TV shows such as Immortal Songs : Singing the Legend 2 , Radio Star , I Live Alone , Knowing Bros , Happy Together then requested him to appear on their shows . Hunan TV in China invited him to participate in I Am a Singer ( season 4 ) . In Hwang Chi Yeul 's introduction video for I Am a Singer ( season 4 ) , he said ,   `` I moved up to Seoul from my hometown 10 years ago to make my dream come true . I taught as a vocal coach for a living and have n't let go of the music . I went through tough patch and so many times I was thinking about giving up , but I always kept my small dream of becoming a singer in my heart and I hoped that I would be singing in front of many people someday . Now I want to let many people hear my voice . I am Hwang Chi Yeul . ''


query: Ford Motor Company is not the largest automaker in the world.

pos: Ford Motor Company The Ford Motor Company ( commonly referred to simply as `` Ford '' ) is an American multinational automaker headquartered in Dearborn , Michigan , a suburb of Detroit . It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16 , 1903 . The company sells automobiles and commercial vehicles under the Ford brand and most luxury cars under the Lincoln brand . Ford also owns Brazilian SUV manufacturer , Troller , and Australian performance car manufacturer FPV . In the past , it has also produced tractors and automotive components . Ford owns an 8 % stake in Aston Martin of the United Kingdom , and a 49 % stake in Jiangling of China . It also has a number of joint-ventures , one in China ( Changan Ford ) , one in Taiwan ( Ford Lio Ho ) , one in Thailand ( AutoAlliance Thailand ) , one in Turkey ( Ford Otosan ) , and one in Russia ( Ford Sollers ) . It is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and is controlled by the Ford family , although they have minority ownership ( but majority of the voting power ) .   Ford introduced methods for large-scale manufacturing of cars and large-scale management of an industrial workforce using elaborately engineered manufacturing sequences typified by moving assembly lines ; by 1914 , these methods were known around the world as Fordism . Ford 's former UK subsidiaries Jaguar and Land Rover , acquired in 1989 and 2000 respectively , were sold to Tata Motors in March 2008 . Ford owned the Swedish automaker Volvo from 1999 to 2010 . In 2011 , Ford discontinued the Mercury brand , under which it had marketed entry-level luxury cars in the United States , Canada , Mexico , and the Middle East since 1938 .   During the financial crisis at the beginning of the 21st century , it was close to bankruptcy , but it has since returned to profitability .   Ford is the second-largest U.S.-based automaker ( preceded by General Motors ) and the fifth-largest in the world ( behind Toyota , VW , Hyundai-Kia and General Motors ) based on 2015 vehicle production . At the end of 2010 , Ford was the fifth largest automaker in Europe . Ford is the eighth-ranked overall American-based company in the 2010 Fortune 500 list , based on global revenues in 2009 of $ 118.3 billion . In 2008 , Ford produced 5.532 million automobiles and employed about 213,000 employees at around 90 plants and facilities worldwide .   The company went public in 1956 but the Ford family , through special Class B shares , still retain 40 percent voting rights .

neg: Donald N. Frey Donald Nelson Frey ( pronounced Frī ) ( March 23 , 1923 -- March 5 , 2010 ) , was widely known as the Ford Motor Company product manager who , along with Lee Iacocca and others , developed the Ford Mustang into a viable project -- and who ultimately supervised the development of the car in a record 18 months .   At times besieged by autograph seekers for his role with the Mustang , Frey , a third generation engineer , was `` one of the few auto executives with experience in all three of the industry 's essential areas : design , manufacture and sales . '' He had nonetheless been most proud of assisting Ford in introducing safety improvements to their lineup , including disc brakes and radial tires . In 1967 , Time called Frey `` Detroit 's sharpest idea man '' .   Frey went on to a successful career as an innovator in manufacturing and information systems and as chairman and CEO Bell & Howell . In 1990 , he received the National Medal of Technology in a White House ceremony .

neg: 1950s American automobile culture 1950s American automobile culture has had an enduring influence on the culture of the United States , as reflected in popular music , major trends from the 1950s and mainstream acceptance of the `` hot rod '' culture . The American manufacturing economy switched from producing war-related items to consumer goods at the end of World War II , and by the end of the 1950s , one in six working Americans were employed either directly or indirectly in the automotive industry . The United States became the world 's largest manufacturer of automobiles , and Henry Ford 's goal of 30 years earlier -- that any man with a good job should be able to afford an automobile -- was achieved . A new generation of service businesses focusing on customers with their automobiles sprang up during the decade , including drive-through or drive-in restaurants and more drive-in theaters ( cinemas ) .   The decade began with 25 million registered automobiles on the road , most of which predated World War II and were in poor condition ; no automobiles or parts were produced during the war owing to rationing and restrictions . By 1950 , most factories had made the transition to a consumer-based economy , and more than 8 million cars were produced that year alone . By 1958 , there were more than 67 million cars registered in the United States , more than twice the number at the start of the decade .   As part of the U.S. national defenses , to support military transport , the National Highway System was expanded with Interstate highways , beginning in 1955 , across many parts of the United States . The wider , multi-lane highways allowed traffic to move at faster speeds , with few or no stoplights on the way . The wide-open spaces along the highways became a basis for numerous billboards showing advertisements .   The dawning of the Space Age and Space Race were reflected in contemporary American automotive styling . Large tailfins , flowing designs reminiscent of rockets , and radio antennas that imitated Sputnik 1 were common , owing to the efforts of design pioneers such as Harley Earl .

neg: Tianjin FAW Tianjin FAW ( officially Tianjin FAW Xiali Automobile Co. , Ltd. ) is an automobile company based in Tianjin , China and a subsidiary of FAW Group . Its principal activity is the design , development , manufacture and distribution of automobiiles sold under the Xiali and Vita marques . It is listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange .   Tianjin FAW was founded in 1965 and was originally considered one of the `` three smalls '' of the Chinese automotive industry , together with Guangzhou Honda and Beijing . Tianjin FAW moved into third place in the Chinese market in 1997 . By 2000 they were in second place , in spite of the low quality of their products . Tianjin FAW has since lost market share to several new Chinese automobile manufacturers .   Tianjin FAW operates a joint venture with Toyota , Tianjin FAW Toyota Motor Co. , Ltd. , which produces Toyota passenger cars for the Chinese market including the Corolla , Crown , Reiz and Vios .

neg: 1983 in motoring This article 1983 in motoring deals with developments in the automotive industry throughout the year 1983 by various automobile manufacturers , grouped by country . The automotive industry designs , develops , manufactures , markets , and sells motor vehicles , and is one of the Earth 's most important economic sectors by revenue .   The first practical automobile with a petrol engine was built by Karl Benz in 1885 in Mannheim , Germany .   1983 saw a great number of new model launches in Europe , with the popularity of the hatchback bodystyle continuing to gather pace and now being the most popular bodystyle in many countries .

neg: 1996 in motoring 1996 in motoring includes with developments in the automotive industry that occurred throughout the year 1996 by various automobile manufacturers , grouped by country . The automotive industry designs , develops , manufactures , markets , and sells motor vehicles .

neg: Detroit Assembly Detroit Assembly ( also known as Detroit Cadillac , Cadillac Assembly or Clark Street Assembly ) was a General Motors automobile factory in Detroit , Michigan on Clark Avenue , south of Michigan Avenue ( U.S. Route 12 ) . It began operations in 1921 and Cadillac bodies were supplied by Fleetwood Metal Body in 1921 after Fisher Body assumed operations . It was the second location that built Cadillacs , when Cadillac originally started out as the Detroit Automobile Company , then the Henry Ford Company which was located at the intersection of Cass Street and Amsterdam Avenue .   In 1902 , the Cadillac Motor Company began operations , and began building cars at the all new Clark Street facility in 1921 , where the factory manufactured Cadillac models until December 23 , 1987 , when production of Cadillac 's full-size D-bodies moved to Arlington Assembly in Arlington , Texas , while production of downsized FWD DeVille/Fleetwood/Seville models were relocated to Detroit/Hamtramck Assembly and Orion Assembly by 1985 . It is approximately 2 miles southeast of the original Lincoln factory located at 6200 West Warren Avenue .   All Cadillac vehicles were built only at this facility , with production of popular selling models later added to Linden , New Jersey , South Gate , California or Arlington , Texas in `` knock down kits '' starting in the 1930s to meet demand . The bodies were built by Fisher at Fleetwood Plant # 18 at 261 W End St , and transferred by rail to Clark Street for final assembly .   From 1984 to 1987 , the plant also built the Oldsmobile 88 and Custom Cruiser , and the Chevrolet Caprice and Impala .   Detroit Assembly used the VIN codes `` Q '' and `` 9 . ''   The site of the plant was redeveloped into the 88-acre Clark Street Technology Park in 1997 by General Motors and three other partners . It is now the location for Inland Waters Pollution Control .

neg: Detroit Automobile Company The Detroit Automobile Company ( DAC ) was an early American automobile manufacturer founded on August 5 , 1899 , in Detroit , Michigan . It was the first venture of its kind in Detroit . Automotive mechanic Henry Ford attracted the financial backing of three investors ; Detroit Mayor William Maybury , William H. Murphy , and Senator Thomas W. Palmer . As with many early car ventures , the company floundered and was dissolved in January 1901 . Twenty vehicles were built and $ 86,000 ( $ 2.11 million in 2007 ) of investment was lost .

neg: Autolatina AutoLatina was the name of a joint venture between Volkswagen Group subsidiary Volkswagen do Brasil and Ford Motor Company subsidiary Ford do Brasil in South America . The main reason was the bad economic situation at the time that made joint survival more attractive than an individual fight for a share in a dwindling market .   Four divisions - Ford of Argentina , Ford do Brasil ( Ford of Brasil ) , Volkswagen Argentina , and Volkswagen do Brasil - formed AutoLatina in 1987 .   Volkswagen had 51 % of the company and Ford 49 % ; Volkswagen managed the Car Division , and Ford the Truck Division .   This resulted in the two companies sharing badge engineered models . These included :  Ford Verona / Volkswagen Apollo  Ford Escort Mk V / Volkswagen Pointer  Ford Orion / Volkswagen Logus  Volkswagen Santana / Ford Galaxy/Versailles  Volkswagen Quantum / Ford Royale   The AutoLatina venture was dissolved in 1995 , with the improvement of the economic situation , the respective companies resuming their activities separately .

neg: Ford Proving Grounds Ford Motor Company operates several proving grounds worldwide , for development and validation testing of new vehicles .

neg: Ford Barra engine The Barra engines are a family of straight-six and V8 engines manufactured by Ford Australia between 2002 and 2016 . These engines are unique to Ford vehicles manufactured in Australia and were developed and manufactured in Geelong , Victoria . It was first introduced as a `` Barra '' in the Ford BA falcon , named after the `` Barramundi '' code name used during the development of the BA update . The three-valve versions of the 5.4 V8s were also labeled as Barra engines , whilst the higher-specification four-valve variants were known as `` Boss '' engines . The last of the V8 and I6 engines were built in the Geelong factory on 26 September , 2016 .

neg: Buick Buick ( -LSB- ` bjuː.ɪk -RSB- ) , formally the Buick Motor Division , is an upscale automobile brand of the American manufacturer General Motors ( GM ) . For much of its existence in the North American market , Buick has been marketed as a premium automobile brand , selling luxury vehicles positioned above GM 's mainstream brands , e.g. Chevrolet , while below the flagship luxury Cadillac division . Buick-branded vehicles are also known for reliability , ranking high for reliability in Consumer Reports ' brand reliability rankings .   Buick has the distinction of being the oldest active American marque of automobile , and was the company that established General Motors in 1908 . Before the establishment of General Motors , GM founder William C. Durant had served as Buick 's general manager and major investor . Buick also has the distinction of being the first automobile maker in the world to equip its cars with overhead valve engines , which it did starting in 1904 .   In 2015 , Buick sold 1,231,941 vehicles , a record for the brand . The main market is in China , where 80 % of Buick-branded automobiles are sold . Buicks are also sold in the United States , Canada , and Mexico . Since restructuring in 2009 , GM has also started to share technology , vehicles and development between Buick and GM 's European Opel division .

neg: Ford Transcontinental The Ford Transcontinental is a heavy goods vehicle tractor and rigid unit that was manufactured between 1975 and 1984 by Ford Europe in the Netherlands and Britain . A total of 8735 units were produced , 8231 in Amsterdam and another 504 at the Foden VAP in Sandbach , Cheshire UK .   Assembled almost entirely from bought in OEM component parts ( e.g. , cab shell from Berliet , engine from Cummins , transmission from Eaton ) it was introduced to fill a perceived gap in the market in anticipation of the relaxation of weight restrictions on HGVs , and as such had a very strong chassis and heavy duty suspension . The Berliet KB 2400 cab was also used by Renault for their R-series .   Recognizable by its high cab , it was an extremely advanced vehicle for its time offering a high standard of driver comfort and a high power output for its time , courtesy of the well proven 14 litre Cummins engine with typical outputs of 290-350 HP . The engines were originally of the Cummins NTC generation , but were gradually updated to the new `` big-cam '' ( NTE ) generation - a process completed by 1979 . Also , the Ford Transcontinental is noted for having oil and water meters on the dashboard , another example of the unit being ahead of its time .   Sales did not live up to expectations , mainly because the tractor unit with its heavy duty construction was too heavy for the 32 ton weight limit in the UK at the time , although it was a popular vehicle with drivers , particularly those who were engaged on long distance continental work . The model was updated continuously , with much work carried out to lighten the heavy chassis .   Today the Transcontinental is a particularly rare vehicle , much in favour with collectors of vintage commercials , although a few do remain in revenue earning service throughout Europe .

neg: Aurica Motors Aurica Motors , LLC is a start-up based out of Santa Clara , California that develops a proprietary electronic power train called the Aurica Recurve for electric cars . The company has stated its intention to partner with other investors to manufacture electric cars that utilize its electronic power train system . Aurica Motors is an offshoot of Aurica Labs , a research and development company started and funded by physicist Greg Bender .   On March 10 , 2010 , Aurica Motors was thrust into the public spotlight with the announcement of its intentions to save the New United Motor Manufacturing , Inc. ( NUMMI ) automotive plant in Fremont , California from completely shutting down .   The NUMMI plant , a joint venture between Toyota and General Motors , opened in 1984 as an experiment to determine if unionized Americans could adapt Japanese production management practices . The plant rolled out its last vehicle on April 1 , 2010 , forcing 4,700 factory workers out and likely affecting thousands of part suppliers .   In the same March announcement , Aurica also stated its intention to work with the NUMMI workforce to retrain it for electric car development and find financial backing to retool the plant .   On May 20 , 2010 , both Tesla Motors and Toyota announced a joint effort to manufacture Tesla 's electric vehicles at the former NUMMI plant . Under the agreement , Toyota bought $ 50 million of common stock from Tesla Motors . Tesla then purchased a portion of the NUMMI property including the plant , with the goal of retrofitting the plant for its future `` smaller third-generation car , '' seemingly putting an end to Aurica 's bid for the NUMMI plant .

neg: Auto Europe Auto Europe is a large car rental wholesale company , working with approximately 20,000 car rental locations in 180 countries in Europe , Asia , Africa , Australia , as well as North and South America . Auto Europe has been accredited with the Better Business Bureau since April 2 , 1993 with an A + rating .   Auto Europe was founded in Germany in 1954 by Alex Cecil . The company got its start purchasing cars to rent to U.S. travelers in Europe . Cecil later moved to New York and eventually relocated the company to Maine . In 1997 , Alex Cecil retired , passing the reins to Imad Khalidi , President and CEO of Auto Europe .   In 1995 , Auto Europe began offering airfare and hotels under the name Destination Europe . In 2010 , they re-branded this division as Fly International .

neg: Ford Motor Argentina Ford Motor Argentina is a subsidiary of Ford Motor Company and was founded in Buenos Aires in 1913 .  Its first products were Model Ts assembled from Complete Knock Down ( CKD ) kits provided by Ford Motor Company in 1917 . Nevertheless , Ford Motor Argentina is best known in more recent times for producing the Ford Focus and , previously , the Argentine version of the Ford Falcon , originally a US model introduced in Argentina in 1961 , but adapted to the Argentine market .

neg: Automation Automation or automatic control , is the use of various control systems for operating equipment such as machinery , processes in factories , boilers and heat treating ovens , switching on telephone networks , steering and stabilization of ships , aircraft and other applications and vehicles with minimal or reduced human intervention . Some processes have been completely automated .   Automation has been achieved by various means including mechanical , hydraulic , pneumatic , electrical , electronic devices and computers , usually in combination . Complicated systems , such as modern factories , airplanes and ships typically use all these combined techniques . The biggest benefit of automation is that it saves labor ; however , it is also used to save energy and materials and to improve quality , accuracy and precision .   The term automation , inspired by the earlier word automatic ( coming from automaton ) , was not widely used before 1947 , when Ford established an automation department . It was during this time that industry was rapidly adopting feedback controllers , which were introduced in the 1930s .

neg: Motor fuel A motor fuel is a fuel that is used to provide power to motor vehicles .   Currently , the majority of motor vehicles worldwide are powered by gasoline or diesel . Other energy sources include ethanol , biodiesel , propane , compressed natural gas ( CNG ) , electric batteries charged from an external source , and hydrogen . The use of alternative fuels is increasing , especially in Europe . Before deciding on a particular fuel type , some factors should be considered :  The profitability of a solution  The workload in relation to one 's own driving performance - if someone drives short distances , he will have very little benefit for himself and the environment  The refuelling / charging infrastructure should be sufficiently developed so that one can use its vehicle flexibly and does not have to worry about refuelling / charging

neg: B-segment B-segment ( or small cars ) is a car classification defined by the European Commission as larger than cars in the A-segment and smaller than those in the C-segment .   Positioned between the A-segment ( city cars ) and C-segment ( medium cars ) , they are nippy enough for city driving and high MPG ratings while having more space for luggage and passengers . During the mid to late 20th century , these cars were generally the smallest sized for most manufacturers , but as a higher demand for economical models began to raise , most of them have now been placed as the second smallest .   Typical B-segment cars include the Alfa Romeo MiTo , Citroën C3 , Dacia Sandero , Ford Fiesta , Mazda Demio , Fiat Punto , Opel Corsa , Peugeot 208 , Honda Fit , Hyundai i20 , Renault Clio , Renault Zoe , Toyota Yaris , Kia Pride , Volkswagen Polo , Seat Ibiza , Nissan Micra , Mitsubishi Attrage , Dacia Logan , Škoda Fabia .

neg: Ford F-Series (eleventh generation) The redesigned eleventh generation F-150 , using the new P2 platform , was introduced by Ford in January 2003 at the North American International Auto Show . Designed by Tyler Blake under Patrick Schiavone between 1999 and January 2000 , the styling was a revolutionary , more angular update of the PN-96 . On August 29 , 2000 , the final production design was frozen . Development began in 1997 , with scheduled production for September 2002 alongside the U222 Expedition . Development later ended in 2003 due to delays . The side windows also changed to a Kenworth `` Daylight Door '' and Ford Super Duty-like appearance ; dipping towards the front of the door . Initially , only Ford 's 4.6 L Triton or new 3-valve 5.4 L 3V Triton V8 engines and four-speed automatic transmissions were offered to the retail public on the new trucks . For the 2005 model year , Ford 's 4.2 L Essex V6 and manual transmission became available and standard on base models after they were available only for fleet orders for 2004 and automatic headlamps became available . The 11th generation F-150 is the last vehicle Ford manufactured with a gasoline pushrod V6 .   The F-250 and F-350 Ford Super Duties ( on the P3 platform ) are a different class ( over 8500 lb GVWR ) than the regular F-series lineup , although they are still F-series trucks .   Most F-Series have two large `` closed loop '' front tow hook design ( no hooks on some 4x2 models ) as opposed to conventional open hooks .   For the 2006 model year beginning in December , 2005 , a flex-fuel version of the 3-valve 5.4 L Triton V8 became available , and the SuperCrew model was made available with the 6.5 ' box . Also for the 2006 model year , an updated front bumper with circular fog lamps and a smaller bumper vent distinguished the 2006 -- 2008 models from the 2004 -- 2005 F-150 . Other updates included improved front seats with more supportive side bolstering , and new 20 '' wheels available for FX4 , Lariat and King Ranch . A navigation system became an option for the first time , being offered on the Lariat and King Ranch , as well as the all-new Harley Davidson trim . Not leaving the XLT unnoticed , Ford offered an XLT Chrome Package , also known as XTR in Canada , as well as a Lariat Chrome package . SIRIUS satellite radio became available on all trims except the XL . The FX4 became more upscale with a Luxury package , making it almost an alternative trim to the Lariat . A Harley-Davidson special edition was offered for 2006 , being available in two - or all-wheel-drive , and only in SuperCab . Other mid-cycle refresh improvements included five-inch running boards , traction assist on 4x2 V8 models , and an all-new `` Smokestone Clearcoat Metallic '' paint on Lariat only .   For 2007 , Ford introduced a complement to the existing FX4 model , the new FX2 Sport package ( a 2-wheel-drive truck with an appearance package ) . A SuperCrew was offered in the Harley-Davidson trim as well . Ford states that a properly equipped 2007 F-150 ( Regular cab or SuperCab 8 ' box 4x2 ) can tow up to 11000 lb maximum and 1800 -- 3050 lb maximum payload .   This generation F-150 got top safety ratings ( 5 stars ) from the U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration ( NHTSA ) in frontal collisions , and not only got a `` Good '' rating from the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety 's frontal offset test , but also a Best Pick . The dummy sensors recorded no injuries to any body region .   Saleen offers their own OEM version of the F-150 , badged as the S331 . Additionally , Roush offers an aftermarket version with similar power . Beginning with the second half of the 2007 model year , Ford offered the Saleen forced-induction package on the Harley edition as an OEM option .   The F-150 Foose Edition debuted in fall 2007 as a 2008 model . Based on an F-150 FX2 Sport , it uses a Roush-developed powertrain . The supercharged 5.4 L V8 puts out 450 hp and 500 lbft of torque .

neg: Donald Petersen Donald Eugene Petersen ( born September 4 , 1926 ) is an American businessman who was employed by the Ford Motor Company for 40 years , most notably as its Chief Executive Officer from 1985 to 1990 .   Born in Pipestone , Minnesota , Petersen served in the U.S. Marine Corps in World War II and the Korean War . He received his BSME from the University of Washington in 1946 and joined Ford in 1949 after receiving his MBA from the Stanford Graduate School of Business .   Donald E. Petersen became Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of Ford Motor Company on February 1 , 1985 . Prior to his election as Chairman , Petersen was President and COO ( Chief Operating Officer ) from March 13 , 1980 . He was a member of the Board of Directors from September 8 , 1977 until his retirement in February 1990 .   Hailed a `` Most Valuable Person '' of 1988 by USA Today and `` CEO of the Year '' by Chief Executive magazine in 1989 , Petersen transformed Ford with his inclusive , team-oriented management style .   Petersen was famously known for instructing the Ford design staff to design vehicles they would be proud to buy and park in their own driveways . This change in philosophy came about after he was answered in the negative as he inquired of a Ford designer whether he was proud of the design he was working on . This watershed event culminated in the groundbreaking and wildly successful design of the Ford Taurus and Mercury Sable twins which pulled Ford out of its financial doldrums of the early 1980s and provided the motivation and profit which carried Ford for the next decade .   Petersen 's relationship with members of the founding Ford family became strained after he opposed the nomination of founder Henry Ford 's great-grandsons , Edsel Buell Ford II ( `` Edsel '' ) and William Clay Ford Jr. ( `` Billy '' , `` Bill Jr. '' , and later just `` Bill '' ) to certain committees of the board of Ford in the wake of the death of family patriarch and former Ford Chairman & CEO Henry Ford II in 1987 . Petersen 's primary motivation was to permit more time to pass before a decision was made concerning the futures of the two young Fords . The widening of this schism later cut short Petersen 's tenure at Ford , after a high-profile and public disagreement spilled over into the press regarding differences in strategic direction between Petersen and the members of the Ford family . These differences were largely due to Petersen 's purchase of the bankrupt Jaguar Cars company after a bidding war between Ford and General Motors . In this case , the press did not have the story straight , as Petersen had indicated his plan to retire , before the decision was made to acquire Jaguar . In the years since , Ford contributed major managerial resources to and several times recapitalized Jaguar with no subsequent return of investment . Ford eventually divested itself of the Jaguar asset on June 2 , 2008 . Today , Jaguar is quite profitable . He was succeeded by Harold `` Red '' Poling .   Petersen has , at various times , held director-level board positions at The Boeing Company , Dow Jones & Co. , the Hewlett-Packard Company , Capital Research and Management Company ( mutual funds ) , Axicon Technologies , Juran Center for Leadership in Quality ( Member , Exec . Advisory Board ) , College of Arts & Sciences at the University of Washington ( President , Advisory Board ) and Long Shadows Vintners . A portrait of Petersen , painted by artist Michele Rushworth hangs in the Petersen Room in the Allen Library at the University of Washington .   Petersen is a member of the Business Council , the National Academy of Engineering , SAE , the Engineering Society of Detroit and Mensa .   Petersen and his wife , Jo Anne , reside in Bloomfield Hills , Michigan , Seattle , Washington , and Montecito , California . They have two children , Leslie Price ( who was born in 1956 ) , and Donald L. Petersen ( who was born in 1958 ) . Leslie Price has a daughter named Joanne Price .