query: Resident Evil 7: Biohazard has not sold over 3 million copies.

pos: Resident Evil 7: Biohazard Resident Evil 7 : Biohazard is a survival horror video game developed and published by Capcom . The game was released worldwide in January 2017 for Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 4 -- with support for the PlayStation VR headset -- and Xbox One . It is the eleventh main entry and 24th entry overall in the Resident Evil franchise . It is the first main series installment to be played from a first-person perspective .   The story follows civilian Ethan Winters as he searches for his wife Mia , which leads him to a derelict plantation inhabited by the Baker family . Ethan makes use of weapons and tools in the fight against the Baker family , and the `` Molded '' , a humanoid form of bacteria . Healing items are used in the event of injury and there are puzzles that may be solved to further the story . Instead of being action-oriented like Resident Evil 5 and 6 , the survival horror element present in earlier installments took priority . Thus , the game uses a first-person perspective . It is the first full-length game to be developed in the RE Engine .   Resident Evil 7 received generally favorable reviews , which praised the gameplay , graphics , and design . PlayStation VR was hailed for increasing player involvement . However , it was also subject to complaint , with decreased resolution and physical discomfort cited as its chief offenses . Further criticism was directed at the game 's boss battles and the final chapter of the game . It had the third-best sales debut in the series and has sold over 3 million copies .

neg: Rule of Rose Rule of Rose is a survival horror video game developed by Punchline for the PlayStation 2 . It was first released in 2006 by Sony Computer Entertainment in Japan . After Sony Computer Entertainment 's American and European branch did not express interest in localizing the title , it was published later that year by Atlus USA in North America and by 505 Games in Europe . Set in England in 1930 , the plot revolves around a nineteen-year-old woman named Jennifer , who becomes trapped in a world ruled by young girls who have established a class hierarchy called the Red Crayon Aristocrats .   Development on Rule of Rose began after Punchline was asked by Sony Computer Entertainment to make a horror game . Punchline wanted to develop a `` new type of horror game '' with an emphasis on psychological horror . This decision led to the concept of childhood , specifically the `` mysterious and misunderstood '' nature of young girls . The team drew inspiration from the classic Brothers Grimm fairy tales for the narrative , and the Silent Hill series for graphics and art style . The entire score was produced by studio musicians in order to bring a human element to the game 's atmosphere .   Rule of Rose received significant controversy before release due to its use of violence and implied sexuality among some of its underage , female characters . Various European authorities condemned the game and called for its banning . The game was cancelled in the United Kingdom , despite the Video Standards Council calling the complaints `` nonsense . '' Rule of Rose received mixed reviews from many publications ; reactions to the story , music , and horror elements were almost universally positive , while the gameplay was panned . The game has been compared to Silent Hill and Haunting Ground , due to the psychological horror used throughout and because the main character is accompanied by a canine companion .

neg: Shenmue III is an upcoming action-adventure role-playing video game developed by Neilo and Ys Net , scheduled for release in December 2017 for Microsoft Windows and PlayStation 4 . It is directed , written and produced by Yu Suzuki . Shenmue III follows teenage martial artist Ryo Hazuki in his quest to find his father 's killer in 1980s China .   Suzuki conceived Shenmue as a saga spanning multiple games . The first two games were developed by Sega AM2 and published by Sega for the Dreamcast in 1999 and 2001 respectively . The original Shenmue was the most expensive video game ever developed at the time , with an estimated production and marketing cost of over $ 47 million USD , though this also covered some of Shenmue II and groundwork for future Shenmue games . Despite attracting a cult following and appearances in several `` greatest video games of all time '' lists , the games were commercial failures and Shenmue III spent over a decade in development hell .   At the June 2015 E3 conference , following years of speculation , Suzuki launched a Kickstarter campaign to crowdfund Shenmue III , with Sega having licensed Shenmue to Suzuki 's company Ys Net . The campaign met its initial target of $ 2 million USD in under eight hours , making it the fastest Kickstarter campaign to reach that amount . It ended in July 2015 having raised over $ 6 million , making it the highest-funded video game and the sixth highest-funded campaign in Kickstarter history . Crowdfunding resumed via the online payment system PayPal and the Chinese crowdfunding platform Alipay .

neg: List of accolades received by BioShock Infinite BioShock Infinite is a first-person shooter video game developed by Irrational Games and published by 2K Games . Players assume control of Booker DeWitt ( Troy Baker ) , who is sent to rescue Elizabeth ( Courtnee Draper ) from her captivity on the floating air city of Columbia . The game 's development was led by creative director Ken Levine . The game was officially announced on August 12 , 2010 , and was widely anticipated . At the Spike Video Game Awards , it was nominated Most Anticipated Game three times .   Following its previews at the Electronic Entertainment Expo , the game won numerous awards , including Best of Show from several gaming publications . It was released worldwide on March 26 , 2013 for Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 . Review aggregator Metacritic assigned the game a normalized score of 94 out of 100 , indicating `` universal acclaim '' , based on 27 and 68 reviews for the Windows and PlayStation 3 versions , respectively ; the Xbox 360 version received 93 out of 100 based on 33 reviews . Within four months of its release , BioShock Infinite sold approximately four million copies , and eleven million by June 2015 .   BioShock Infinite garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for its music , story , visual design , characters , and the acting of its cast . At the 17th Annual DICE Awards , the game received six nominations and went on to win two awards : Action Game of the Year , and Outstanding Achievement in Original Music Composition . The game earned four nominations at the 10th British Academy Video Games Awards , winning Original Music . At IGN 's Best of 2013 , the game garnered twenty nominations and went on to win nine awards , including Best Overall Shooter Game and Best Overall Graphics for Art Design .   At the 14th Annual Game Developers Choice Awards , BioShock Infinite won Best Audio and Best Visual Art . The game received nine nominations at the Spike VGX , winning Best Shooter , Best Song in a Game and Character of the Year . At the National Academy of Video Game Trade Reviewers Awards , the game received eleven nominations , with Courtnee Draper winning Supporting Performance in a Drama . The game appeared on several year-end lists of the best games of 2013 , receiving Game of the Year wins from the Associated Press , CNN , Electronic Gaming Monthly , Entertainment Weekly , Forbes , and Games .

neg: Spec Ops: The Line Spec Ops : The Line is a 2012 third-person shooter video game developed by the German studio Yager Development and published by 2K Games . It was released internationally in June 2012 for Microsoft Windows , Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 . It was later released for OS X in 2013 and Linux in 2015 . It is the tenth title , as well as a reboot , of the Spec Ops series , and the first entry since Spec Ops : Airborne Commando in 2002 . The game is powered by Unreal Engine 3 .   In the game , the player controls Captain Martin Walker , who is sent into a post-catastrophe Dubai with an elite Delta Force team on a recon mission . As the game progresses , Walker 's mental health deteriorates , as he begins to experience hallucinations and slowly realizes the horror of war . Players can hide behind cover , vault over obstacles , and shoot enemies while utilizing a variety of gadgets . Sand is a key gameplay mechanic that can be manipulated to defeat enemies . Included with the game is an online multiplayer mode , developed separately by Darkside Game Studios , allowing players to engage in both cooperative and competitive gameplay .   Yager started the game 's development in 2007 , taking inspiration for the setting and story framework from various media , including Heart of Darkness and Apocalypse Now . The game was designed to be `` physically opposing '' , causing players to question their thoughts about treating war in a video game as entertainment , and tasks players to make a variety of morally ambiguous decisions . The game suffered from multiple delays , and the development team used this time to refine the story and increase the gameplay 's pace . The game 's soundtrack is a mix of licensed music and original music composed by Elia Cmíral .   Video game critics gave Spec Ops : The Line generally positive reviews . Praise focused on the narrative and its themes , while criticism was targeted at the online multiplayer mode and generic third person gameplay . Spec Ops : The Line was a commercial failure and did not garner the attention that distributor Take-Two Interactive had hoped for , but it was awarded and nominated for several end-of-the-year accolades particularly for its story . Yager announced that there would not be a sequel to the game . The game was banned in the United Arab Emirates for its depiction of Dubai in a state of destruction .

neg: Metal Gear Solid 3: Snake Eater Metal Gear Solid 3 : Snake Eater is an action-adventure stealth video game produced by Konami Computer Entertainment Japan for the PlayStation 2 . It was released in late 2004 in North America and Japan , then in early 2005 in Europe and Australia . It was the fifth Metal Gear game written and directed by Hideo Kojima and serves as a prequel to the previous installments .   Set in 1964 ( three decades before the events of the original Metal Gear ) , the story centers on FOX operative codenamed Naked Snake as he attempts to rescue a Russian rocket scientist by the name of Nikolai Stepanovich Sokolov , sabotage an experimental superweapon , and assassinate his defected former boss . While previous games were set in a primarily urban environment , Snake Eater adopts a 1960s Soviet jungle setting , with the high tech , near-future trappings of previous Metal Gear Solid games being replaced with the wilderness . While the setting has changed , the game 's focus remains on stealth and infiltration , while retaining the series ' self-referential , fourth wall-breaking sense of humor . The story of Snake Eater is told through numerous cut scenes and radio conversations .   Considered to be one of the greatest video games of all time , Metal Gear Solid 3 : Snake Eater was critically acclaimed , receiving praise for its story , gameplay , graphics , setting , characters and ending , as well as departing from the series ' typical conventions . Snake Eater was a commercial success , having sold 3.6 million copies worldwide by August 2005 .

neg: Relapse (Eminem album) Relapse is the sixth studio album by American rapper Eminem . The album was released on May 19 , 2009 , under Aftermath Entertainment , Shady Records , and Interscope Records . It was his first album of original material since Encore ( 2004 ) , following a four-year hiatus from recording due to his writer 's block and an addiction to prescription sleeping medication . Recording sessions for the album took place during 2005 to 2009 at several recording studios , and Dr. Dre , Mark Batson , and Eminem handled production . Conceptually , Relapse concerns the ending of his drug rehabilitation , rapping after a non-fictional relapse , and the return of his Slim Shady alter-ego .   One of the most anticipated album releases of 2009 , Relapse debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 chart , selling 608,000 copies in its first week . It produced three singles that attained chart success and has been certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America . The album received mixed reviews from most music critics , who were divided in their responses towards Eminem 's lyrics . It has sold more than 2.3 million copies in the United States and more than 17 million copies worldwide .

neg: List of Final Fantasy media Final Fantasy is a series of role-playing video games developed and published by Square Enix ( formerly Square ) . Its first game premiered in Japan in 1987 , and Final Fantasy games have subsequently been localized for markets in North America , Europe and Australia , on nearly every video game console since its debut on the Nintendo Entertainment System . Final Fantasy is Square Enix 's most successful franchise , having sold over 97 million units worldwide to date . In addition to traditional role-playing games , the series includes tactical role-playing games , portable games , massively multiplayer online role-playing games , and games for mobile phones . Its popularity has placed it as the sixth-best-selling video game franchise , and the series has won multiple awards over the years .   In addition to the 15 games released as part of the main ( numbered ) series and their many spin-offs and related titles , the Final Fantasy series has spawned many works in other media including anime , movies , novels and manga , and radio dramas . Final Fantasy : Unlimited , originally a stand-alone anime series , now has its own sub-franchise which includes video games . Many games , particularly the main series , have soundtrack album releases featuring their music in different arrangements . Square Enix has also consistently released companion books for its games which provide additional backstory and plot information , as well as detailed walkthroughs for the game . Since the announcement of Compilation of Final Fantasy VII , Square Enix has focused on `` polymorphic content '' , expanding each game world with material on many video game platforms , as well as other forms of media .

neg: Music video game A music video game , also commonly known as a music game , is a video game where the gameplay is meaningfully and often almost entirely oriented around the player 's interactions with a musical score or individual songs . Music video games may take a variety of forms and are often grouped with puzzle games due to their common use of `` rhythmically generated puzzles '' .   Strong support for the convergence of live music and video games is evident with the success of the Video Games Live concert series . Emergent games for live concert performance , `` game-scores '' , augment traditional western music notation with the dramatic elements of animation , interactivity , graphic elements and aleatoric principles ( Anigraphical Music ) . The concept of incorporating game theory and music is not new and can be traced back to Musikalisches Würfelspiel .   Music video games are distinct from purely audio games ( e.g. the 1997 Sega Saturn release Real Sound : Kaze no Regret ) in that they feature a visual feedback , to lead the player through the game 's soundtrack , although eidetic music games can fall under both categories .

neg: Gears of War: Judgment Gears of War : Judgment is a 2013 military science fiction third-person shooter video game , developed by Epic Games with additional work by People Can Fly and published by Microsoft Studios for the Xbox 360 in North America on 19 March 2013 , with subsequent regions following later that month . It is the fourth entry of the Gears of War series . It is also the last Gears of War game to be developed by Epic Games before Microsoft acquired the franchise in January 2014 , and the final Gears of War game to be released on the Xbox 360 .   On 4 June 2012 , Microsoft officially announced the development of Gears of War : Judgment at the company 's press conference during the Electronic Entertainment Expo 2012 , before releasing a debut trailer and demonstrating the upcoming multiplayer features . Prior to Microsoft 's announcement , video game journalists had already determined that the chronology of events in Gears of War : Judgment would pre-date that of the other releases in the franchise , and that the prequel would feature Damon Baird and Augustus Cole as protagonists .   Gears of War : Judgement received favorable reactions from critics , albeit less positive than its predecessors . Critics cited the game 's multiplayer mode , visuals and action as strengths , but criticized the single-player campaign 's narrative and length , as well as the game 's failure to innovate the series ' gameplay . By August 2013 it sold over 1 million copies .

neg: Mortal Kombat (2011 video game) Mortal Kombat is a fighting video game developed by NetherRealm Studios and published by Warner Bros. . Interactive Entertainment . The game is the ninth main installment in the Mortal Kombat series and is a reboot of the franchise . The game was released for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 systems in April 2011 , and a PlayStation Vita port was released in May 2012 . An expanded version of the game , titled Mortal Kombat : Komplete Edition , was released for Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 in February 2012 and for Microsoft Windows in July 2013 .   Although beginning during the events of Mortal Kombat : Armageddon , the plot is a retcon to the earliest period in the Mortal Kombat series , the events of Mortal Kombat , Mortal Kombat II and Mortal Kombat 3 ( as well as the latter title 's two updates ) . The storyline involves the divine protector of Earth , Raiden , attempting to change the aftermath of the events of Armageddon by contacting his past self as he faces defeat at the hands of the evil emperor of Outworld , Shao Kahn . While having characters and levels rendered in three-dimensions , the gameplay distances itself from the fully 3D graphics one seen in the last four games , bearing closer resemblance to that of the 2D era of the series , using a camera that is perpendicular to the two-dimensional playing field .   Upon release , Mortal Kombat received very positive reviews and won several awards for fighting game of the year . It was also a commercial success , selling more than two million copies in the first month alone . Due to its extremely violent content , the game was banned in Australia due to the lack of appropriate ratings category , and South Korea , and it has been reportedly indexed in Germany ; the Australian ban was later lifted due to the introduction of an R18 classification and the game was released with many other R rated games in May 2014 . Mortal Kombat was followed by the sequel Mortal Kombat X in 2015 .

neg: Saw (video game) Saw , also known as Saw : The Video Game , is a survival horror video game that was developed by Zombie Studios and published by Konami . The game launched on the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 consoles , with a downloadable version released soon after for the Microsoft Windows platform . The game was first released on October 6 , 2009 , in North America and was released later that year in other regions . The Microsoft Windows version was released on October 22 , 2009 . Being a tie-in game of the Saw film series , the game is set between the first and second films .   In Saw , The Jigsaw Killer has healed Detective David Tapp from his gunshot wound , and places him in an abandoned insane asylum to teach him a lesson in life appreciation . Obsessed , Tapp traverses the asylum and gathers clues along the way in hopes of finally apprehending Jigsaw . As he progresses through the asylum , he encounters several people with past and current connections to him , whom he must save . The asylum also has inhabitants who are in games of their own , ordered to kill Tapp . Along the way , Tapp uncovers the origins of Jigsaw and the motives behind his tests . The development team brought in the Saw creators James Wan and Leigh Whannell to help with the storyline and create new trap designs exclusive to the game .   Upon release , Saw received mixed reviews . It was praised for the storyline and multiple endings , as well as the immersive environment that is true to the Saw film series . The controls and combat system , however , were panned by critics . Since Konami purchased the publishing rights after former publisher Brash Entertainment went bankrupt , Konami had a significant input on the games ' final outcome . They stated that they had plans to make Saw their next big franchise as well as a spiritual successor to their other survival horror series , Silent Hill . A sequel , Saw II : Flesh & Blood , was released on multiple platforms on October 19 , 2010 .

neg: Darkspore Darkspore was a video game that borrowed creature editing technology from Spore . It was described as `` a fast-paced , science fiction action role-playing game in which the player battled across alien worlds to save the galaxy from the mutated forces of Darkspore '' . In addition to the creature editor , the game features a unique squad-based mechanic , various multiplayer options , and a player versus player arena . The game was released in North America on April 26 , 2011 for Microsoft Windows , and in Europe on April 28 , 2011 .   EA has removed the store page of Darkspore from Steam , meaning any attempt to purchase it through Steam can not be made . The game was later relisted with EA saying that they would continue to support for the game . Those who have purchased it prior to the page 's removal still have the game and could play it until the servers were shut down permanently on March 1 , 2016 . The game is currently unplayable due to its DRM scheme requiring a connection .

neg: The End of Heartache The End of Heartache is the third studio album by American metalcore band Killswitch Engage . It was released on May 11 , 2004 through Roadrunner Records . It is the first album to feature lead vocalist Howard Jones . It is also the first album with Justin Foley also from Blood Has Been Shed joined the bands as the drummer also making his first recording on this album .   The new lineup played on the 2003 Ozzfest and the MTV2 Headbangers Ball tour . The first recording was the song `` When Darkness Falls '' appearing on the soundtrack to the 2003 horror film Freddy vs. Jason . The End of Heartache was released on May 11 , 2004 . The album debuted in the top 40 of the Australian album charts on May 17 , 2004 following a successful tour of that country with Anthrax .   The title track was nominated for Best Metal Performance for the 47th Annual Grammy Awards .   Two music videos for `` Rose of Sharyn '' and `` The End of Heartache '' were filmed in promotion of the album . `` Rose of Sharyn '' had the group performing in a sunny desert with blood dripping from dead branches to form words . `` The End of Heartache '' featured a darkly lit performance with various computer animated imagery with scenes from Resident Evil : Apocalypse dotted throughout . Both videos saw notable airplay on Headbanger 's Ball .   In 2005 , a special edition of the album was released which contained 6 additional tracks .   The album was certified Gold by the RIAA on December 7 , 2007 .

neg: Biohazard 4D-Executer Biohazard 4D-Executer is a Japanese 3D animated biopunk horror film based on the Resident Evil series of survival horror video games . It was created by Capcom in cooperation with Visual Science Laboratory , and distributed by Digital Amuse . Biohazard 4D-Executer was directed by Koichi Ohata , and written by Daisuke Okamoto , who was supervised by the game series developers . A limited release , the 20-minute film has been an attraction in Japanese theme parks since November 2000 , and can be seen in movie theaters and smaller booths . The story centers on the mission of a military squad sent to the zombie-infested Raccoon City to locate the whereabouts of Dr. Cameron , a female scientist conducting research on a new type of virus .

neg: Dark Sector Dark Sector , also stylized as darkSector , is a third-person shooter video game developed by Digital Extremes for the Xbox 360 , PlayStation 3 and Microsoft Windows .   The game is set in the fictional Eastern Bloc country of Lasria , and centers on protagonist Hayden Tenno ( voiced by Michael Rosenbaum ) , a morally ambivalent CIA `` clean-up man '' . While trying to intercept rogue agent named Robert Mezner , Hayden 's right arm is infected with the fictional Technocyte virus , which gives him the ability to grow a three-pronged `` Glaive '' at will .   Dark Sector received mixed to positive reviews for its visual design , originality of action and weapon-based gameplay . Many critics have compared the game to Resident Evil 4 and Gears of War , for their similar style of play and story .

neg: Grand Theft Auto III Grand Theft Auto III is an open world action-adventure third-person shooter video game developed by DMA Design and published by Rockstar Games . It was released on 22 October 2001 for the PlayStation 2 , on 20 May 2002 for Microsoft Windows , and on 31 October 2003 for the Xbox . A remastered version of the game was released on mobile platforms in 2011 , for the game 's tenth anniversary . It is the fifth title in the Grand Theft Auto series , and the first main entry since 1999 's Grand Theft Auto 2 . Set within the fictional Liberty City , based on New York City , the game follows Claude after he is left for dead and quickly becomes entangled in a world of gangs , crime and corruption .   The game is played from a third-person perspective and its world is navigated on foot or by vehicle . The open world design lets players freely roam Liberty City , consisting of three main islands . Development was shared between DMA Design , based in Edinburgh and Rockstar , in New York City . Much of the development work constituted transforming popular series elements into a 3D world . The game was delayed following the September 11 attacks , to allow the team to change references and gameplay deemed inappropriate .   Upon release , the game received critical acclaim , with praise particularly directed at its concept and gameplay . However , the game also generated controversy , with criticism directed at the depiction of violence and sexual content . Grand Theft Auto III became the best-selling video game of 2001 , and has sold over 17 million copies . Considered one of the most significant titles of the sixth generation of video games , and by many critics as one of the greatest video games of all time , it won year-end accolades , including Game of the Year awards from several gaming publications . Since its release , it has received numerous ports to many gaming platforms . Its successor , Grand Theft Auto : Vice City , was released in October 2002 .

neg: RayStorm RayStorm is a scrolling shooter developed by the Taito Corporation . Originally released in Japan as an arcade game in 1996 , it was later ported there to Sony 's PlayStation game console in 1997 , to the Sega Saturn ( under the name Layer Section II ) in that same year , and to Windows-based personal computers in 2001 . In North America , it was released for the PlayStation by Working Designs in June 1997 . The PlayStation version was also released in Europe by SCE Europe . It was re-released in 2010 with improved graphics , as RayStorm HD , for the Xbox 360 and the PlayStation 3 ( with the latter version released exclusively in Japan ) . In 2012 , RayStorm was also released for iOS .   The game is set hundreds of years in the future . Players must pilot their `` R-Gray '' spacecraft through eight vertically scrolling stages and shoot down enemy ships and vehicles to prevent the forces of the Secilia Federation , a rebellious group of colonies , from destroying Earth . The arcade versions let each player choose one of two ships ; home ports include additional ships and features .   RayStorm is one of three `` Ray '' games , all featuring similar gameplay , released by Taito . RayForce was released before RayStorm , and the RayForce prequel RayCrisis was released after the others . RayStorm is most distinguished from its predecessor by its usage of polygon-based ships instead of sprites . The plot of RayStorm , which is minimally revealed in the game itself but further described by the game 's instruction manual and `` Extra Mode '' in home releases , is not connected to the `` Con-Human '' storyline of the other two games . Its PlayStation versions were generally well received by American reviewers , but criticized for short game length and similarities to other games such as Xevious 3D/G + .

neg: Development of Duke Nukem Forever The video game Duke Nukem Forever spent fifteen years in development , from 1996 to 2011 . It is a first-person shooter for PC , PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 , developed by 3D Realms , Triptych Games , Gearbox Software and Piranha Games . It is a sequel to the 1996 game Duke Nukem 3D , as part of the long-running Duke Nukem video game series . Intended to be groundbreaking , Duke Nukem Forever has become infamous in the video games industry and was considered vaporware due to its severely protracted development schedule ; the game had been in development under 3D Realms since 1996 . Director George Broussard , one of the creators of the original Duke Nukem game , first announced the title 's development in April 1997 , and promotional information for the game was released in one form or another from 1997 until its release in 2011 .   After repeatedly announcing and deferring release dates , 3D Realms announced in 2001 that it would be released simply `` when it 's done '' . In May 2009 , 3D Realms was downsized for financial reasons , resulting in the loss of the game 's development team . Statements by the company indicated that the project was due to `` go gold '' soon with pictures of final development . Take-Two Interactive , which owns the publishing rights to the game , filed a lawsuit in 2009 against 3D Realms over their `` failure to finish development '' . 3D Realms retorted that Take-Two 's legal interest in the game is limited to their publishing right . The case was settled with prejudice and details undisclosed in May 2010 . On September 3 , 2010 , 14 years after the start of the development , Duke Nukem Forever was officially reported by 2K Games to be in development at Gearbox Software , with an expected release date of 2011 . The official release date was then revealed to be May 3 , 2011 , in North America , with a worldwide release following on May 6 , 2011 . This was however delayed by a month to June 10 internationally with a North American release on June 14 . Duke Nukem Forever was finally released after 15 years of development on June 10 , 2011 , to mostly negative reviews .

neg: The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim The Elder Scrolls V : Skyrim is an open world action role-playing video game developed by Bethesda Game Studios and published by Bethesda Softworks . It is the fifth main installment in The Elder Scrolls series , following The Elder Scrolls IV : Oblivion , and was released worldwide for Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 3 , and Xbox 360 on November 11 , 2011 . The game 's main story revolves around the player character and their quest to defeat Alduin the World-Eater , a dragon who is prophesied to destroy the world . The game is set two hundred years after the events of Oblivion , and takes place in the fictional province of Skyrim . Over the course of the game , the player completes quests and develops the character by improving skills . The game continues the open world tradition of its predecessors by allowing the player to travel anywhere in the game world at any time , and to ignore or postpone the main storyline indefinitely .   Skyrim was developed using the Creation Engine , rebuilt specifically for the game . The team opted for a unique and more diverse game world than Oblivions Imperial Provence of Cyrodiil , which game director and executive producer Todd Howard considered less interesting by comparison . The game was released to critical acclaim , with reviewers particularly mentioning the character development and setting , and is considered to be one of the greatest video games of all time . The game shipped over seven million copies to retailers within the first week of its release , and sold over 30 million copies across all platforms . Three downloadable content ( DLC ) add-ons were released -- Dawnguard , Hearthfire , and Dragonborn -- which were repackaged into The Elder Scrolls V : Skyrim -- Legendary Edition , which was released in June 2013 . The Elder Scrolls V : Skyrim -- Special Edition , a remastered version of the game , was released for Windows , Xbox One , and PlayStation 4 in October 2016 , which includes all three DLC expansions and a minor graphical upgrade , along with additional features such as modding capabilities on consoles . A port for the Nintendo Switch is planned for release in 2017 .

neg: Gears of War 3 Gears of War 3 is a 2011 military science fiction third-person shooter video game developed by Epic Games and published by Microsoft Studios for the Xbox 360 . Originally due for release on April 8 , 2011 , the game was delayed and eventually released on September 20 , 2011 .   Gears of War 3 received more than one million pre-orders . It is the third installment of the Gears of War series . The story was written by science fiction author Karen Traviss . A sequel , titled Gears of War 4 , was announced in June 2015 and was released on October 11 , 2016 .


query: Friendship has been studied only in communications.

pos: Friendship Friendship is a relationship of mutual affection between people . Friendship is a stronger form of interpersonal bond than an association . Friendship has been studied in academic fields such as communication , sociology , social psychology , anthropology , and philosophy . Various academic theories of friendship have been proposed , including social exchange theory , equity theory , relational dialectics , and attachment styles . A World Happiness Database study found that people with close friendships are happier .   Although there are many forms of friendship , some of which may vary from place to place , certain characteristics are present in many types of bond . Such characteristics include affection ; sympathy ; empathy ; honesty ; altruism ; mutual understanding and compassion ; enjoyment of each other 's company ; trust ; and the ability to be oneself , express one 's feelings , and make mistakes without fear of judgment from the friend .   While there is no practical limit on what types of people can form a friendship , friends tend to share common backgrounds , occupations , or interests and have similar demographics .

neg: MediaCommons MediaCommons is an in-development all-electronic scholarly publishing network in media studies , being created in partnership with the Institute for the Future of the Book and with the support of New York University and the National Endowment for the Humanities .   MediaCommons established its first presence on the web in November 2006 with a now-defunct development site named `` making MediaCommons , '' and opened its current web site in March 2007 . The first project established on MediaCommons was In Media Res , an ongoing feature in which notable scholars in media studies present and comment upon brief , timely videoclips , aiming to promote dialogue between scholars and the broader public about the significance of media representations and forms .   MediaCommons claims among its goals a transformation in scholarly publishing , suggesting that the network `` will not simply shift the locus of publishing from print to screen , but will actually transform what it means to ` publish , ' allowing the author , the publisher , and the reader all to make the process of such discourse just as visible as its product . '' The network promises to speed up the processes of publishing , but also to shift the focus of scholarly publishing back to communication amongst scholars . For this reason , the editors describe MediaCommons as a `` scholarly network '' rather than an electronic journal or press .   MediaCommons is also an experiment in reimagining the processes of peer review in the humanities , opening up the process to public debate and discussion , and using both web-based metrics and commentary to create a process of `` peer-to-peer review . '' The backbone of this system is a social networking system currently being built by the NYU Digital Library Technology Services .   MediaCommons has thus far published two commentable papers , one on the future of scholarly publishing , and the other on CommentPress , the WordPress theme developed by the Institute for the Future of the Book that allows for paragraph-by-paragraph commenting on lengthy documents .   The co-coordinating editors of MediaCommons are Kathleen Fitzpatrick and Avi Santo , and the project draws on the support of an editorial board of scholars from across the digital humanities .

neg: Special Relationship The Special Relationship is the unofficial term for the exceptionally close political , diplomatic , cultural , economic , military and historical relations between the United Kingdom and the United States . It was used in a 1946 speech by Winston Churchill . Although both the United Kingdom and United States have close relationships with many other nations , the level of cooperation between them in economic activity , trade and commerce , military planning , execution of military operations , nuclear weapons technology , and intelligence sharing has been described as `` unparalleled '' among major powers .   The United Kingdom and United States have been close allies in numerous military and political conflicts throughout the 20th and 21st centuries including World War I , World War II , the Korean War , the Cold War , the Gulf War , and the War on Terror .

neg: Trunked radio system A trunked radio system is two-way radio system that uses a control channel to automatically direct radio traffic . Two-way radio systems are either trunked or conventional , where conventional is manually directed by the radio user .   Trunking is a more automated and complex radio system , but provides the benefits of less user intervention to operate the radio and greater spectral efficiency with large numbers of users . Instead of assigning , for example , a radio channel to one particular organization at a time , users are instead assigned to a logical grouping , a `` talkgroup '' . When any user in that group wishes to converse with another user in the talkgroup , a vacant radio channel is found automatically by the system and the conversation takes place on that channel . Many unrelated conversations can occur on a channel , making use of the otherwise idle time between conversations . Each radio transceiver contains a microcomputer to control it . A control channel coordinates all the activity of the radios in the system . The control channel computer sends packets of data to enable one talkgroup to talk together , regardless of frequency .   The primary purpose of this type of system is efficiency ; many people can carry many conversations over only a few distinct frequencies . Trunking is used by many government entities to provide two-way communication for fire departments , police and other municipal services , who all share spectrum allocated to a city , county , or other entity .

neg: Friends (Swedish band) Friends was a Swedish dansband or pop group formed in 1999 and made up of Stefan Brunzell , Tony Haglund , Kristian Hermanson , Nina Inhammar , Kim Kärnfalk and Peter Strandberg . They were put together from auditions on the reality television show Friends på turne ( Friends on Tour ) , made by Bert Karlsson for TV4 . The show was a success and Friends competed on Melodifestivalen 2000 , reaching second place . They won Melodifestivalen 2001 with `` Lyssna till ditt hjärta '' and represented Sweden at the Eurovision Song Contest 2001 with the English version of the song , `` Listen to Your Heartbeat '' wearing sexy , tight , leather fitted clothing . Prior to the Eurovision performance , the Swedish delegation was forced to pay royalties to the team behind `` Liefde is een kaartspel '' , an earlier Belgian entry , making the song the first admitted case of plagiarism in Eurovision history .   The band split in 2002 , with Inhammar and Kärnfalk forming their own duo Nina & Kim , which continued until 2006 , after which Kärnfalk continued as a solo artist .

neg: Communitarianism Communitarianism is a philosophy that emphasizes the connection between the individual and the community . Its overriding philosophy is based upon the belief that a person 's social identity and personality are largely molded by community relationships , with a smaller degree of development being placed on individualism . Although the community might be a family unit , communitarianism usually is understood , in the wider , philosophical sense , as a collection of interactions , among a community of people in a given place ( geographical location ) , or among a community who share an interest or who share a history .

neg: Leslie A. Baxter Leslie A. Baxter ( born 17 January 1949 ) is a scholar in communication studies best known her for research on family and relational communication . Her work is focused on relationships like romantic , marital , and friendships . Her most noteworthy idea was on Relational Dialectics Theory .

neg: Sara Kiesler Sara Beth ( Greene ) Kiesler is the Hillman Professor of Computer Science and Human Computer Interaction in the Human-Computer Interaction Institute at Carnegie Mellon University . She received an M.A. degree in psychology from Stanford in 1963 , and a Ph.D. , also in psychology , from Ohio State University in 1965 .   Kiesler has broad interests in the design and social impact of computing ranging from computer-mediated communication and computer-supported cooperative work to human-robot interaction . In her early studies with Lee Sproull and her colleagues and students , she examined how computer networking changed group dynamics and social interaction . Their influential 1992 book , Connections described the indirect , secondary effects of using email in organizations . Through field observations and experiments they demonstrated the influence of computer-mediated communication phenomena such as status equalization , personal connections and flaming . Research with Robert E. Kraut from the 1990s showed that everyday use of the Internet increased users ' depression and decreased their social connections . Later research showed that the psychological consequences of Internet use depend fundamentally on how it is used : communication with friends and family online has positive psychological consequences , while communication with strangers has negative effects . Her ongoing projects include studies of collaboration and virtual organization in science , of collaborative analysis online , of the cognitive and social aspects of human-robot and digital agent interaction , and of how people perceive and try to protect their privacy online , .   Kiesler was elected to the CHI Academy in 2002 , and was awarded CHI Lifetime Achievement Award , the most prestigious award by SIGCHI in 2009 . She regularly serves on the ACM SIGCHI , CSCW , and HRI conference program committees . She is a past board member of the Computer Science and Telecommunications Board of the National Academy of Sciences , Editor of the Journal of Human Robot Interaction , a fellow of the American Psychological Association and of the Association for Computing Machinery , and a founding member of the American Psychological Society . She also is a director of the nonprofit research company , American Institutes for Research .

neg: Harvard Department of Social Relations The Department of Social Relations for Interdisciplinary Social Science Studies , more commonly known as the `` Department of Social Relations '' was an interdisciplinary collaboration among three of the social science departments at Harvard University ( anthropology , psychology , and sociology ) beginning in 1946 . Originally , the program was headquartered in Emerson Hall at Harvard before moving to William James Hall in 1965 . While the name `` Social Relations '' is often associated with the program 's long-time chair and guiding spirit , sociologist Talcott Parsons , many major figures of mid-20th-century social science also numbered among the program 's faculty , including psychologists Gordon Allport ( personality and motivation ) , Jerome Bruner ( cognitive psychology and narrative analysis ) , Roger Brown ( social psychology and psycholinguistics ) , and Henry Murray ( personality ) ; anthropologists Clyde and Florence Kluckhohn ( value orientations ) , John and Beatrice Whiting ( cross-cultural child development ) , Evon Z. Vogt ( comparative religion ) ; and sociologist Alex Inkeles ( Soviet studies and national character ) . Many of its graduate students also went on to be major figures in U.S. social sciences during the latter part of the twentieth century ; their work tends towards strong interdisciplinary and cross-disciplinary approaches .   Allport and Boring discussed the origins of the department 's name in the April 1946 issue of the American Psychologist :  While -LSB- academic -RSB- departmental lines have remained rigid , there has been developing during the last decade , a synthesis of socio-cultural and psychological sciences which is widely recognized within the academic world in spite of the fact that there is no commonly accepted name to designate the synthesis . We propose that Harvard adopt , and thus help establish , the term Social Relations to characterize the emerging discipline which deals not only with the body of fact and theory traditionally recognized as the subject matter of sociology , but also with that portion of psychological science that treats the individual within the social system , and that portion of anthropological science that is particularly relevant to the social and cultural patterns of literate societies .   Social Relations sponsored or collaborated in a number of research studies characterized by explicit cross-cultural comparisons and multidisciplinary approaches to problems of policy or social theory . Major projects included the Six Cultures Study ( headed by John and Beatrice Whiting , an anthropological study of child development in six different cultures , including a New England Baptist community ; a Philippine barrio ; an Okinawan village ; an Indian village in Mexico ; a northern Indian caste group ; and a rural tribal group in Kenya ) ; a multidisciplinary analysis of Soviet culture and society , published in part as How the Soviet System Works ; and the Comparative Study of Values in Five Cultures during the 1950s , which examined five very different communities living in the same region of Texas : Zuni , Navajo , Mormon ( LDS ) , Spanish-American ( Mexican-American ) , and Texas Homesteaders .   The curriculum of the Harvard Social Relations had four inter-related components :  Sociology ;  Social Psychology ;  Social Anthropology ; and  Personality Theory .   The program disaggregated into its component departments around 1972 , though a certain interdisciplinarity remained throughout the 1970s .   A similar program at Yale , the Institute for Human Relations , also now disbanded , developed the Human Relations Area Files ( HRAF ) , a cross-cultural database for comparative research , administered by Carol and Melvin Ember .

neg: One-way voice link A one-way voice link ( OWVL ) is typically a radio based communication method used by spy networks to communicate with agents in the field typically ( but not exclusively ) using shortwave radio frequencies .   Shortwave frequencies were and are generally highly preferred for their long range , as a communications link of 1200 km is easily possible . VHF and UHF frequencies can be used for one-way voice circuits , but are generally not preferred as their range is at best 300 km ( on flat terrain ) . Since the 1970s infrared point-to-point communication systems have been used that offer OWVLs , but the number of users was always limited .   This communications system often employs recorders to transmit pre-recorded messages in real time or in burst transmissions , which minimize the time that a spy needs to be on the air . Voice-scrambling systems have been selectively used for this kind of communications circuit since the 1980s , based on operational needs .   Since personal computers became cheap and readily available in the 2000s , time compressed voice scrambling for one-way and bi-directional circuits is a practically free technology .   OWVLs have existed outside espionage , for example the NICAM transmission system was modified in the UK to allow for an OWVL to BBC mobile units . This OWVL was typically used for sports events , as it was highly flexible .

neg: Interpersonal reflex Interpersonal reflex is a term created by Timothy Leary and explained in the book , Interpersonal Diagnosis of Personality : A functional theory and methodology for personality evaluation ( 1957 ) .   While examining recorded protocols of communications in adults , Leary discovered that typical patterns of interaction existed . Individual units of these behaviors were called interpersonal mechanisms or interpersonal reflexes . ( p 96 ) ; `` They are defined as the observable , expressive units of face-to-face social behavior . ''   These reflexes are automatic and involuntary responses to interpersonal situations . They are independent of the content of the communication . They are the individual 's spontaneous methods of reacting to others .   Leary states , `` The reflex manner in which human beings react to others and train others to respond to them in selective ways is , I believe , the most important single aspect of personality . The systematic estimates of a patient 's repertoire of interpersonal reflexes is a key factor in functional diagnosis . '' ( p 97 ) .   Examining interpersonal reflexes helps to explain communication and behavioral patterns in healthy and unhealthy relationships . For example , tender , supportive operations tend to train others to agree , conciliate , and depend . Rigid autocratic individuals seek out docile admiring followers . Competitive , self-enhancing behavior pulls envy , distrust , inferiority feelings , and at times respectful admiration from others .

neg: Telecommunication Telecommunication is the transmission of signs , signals , messages , words , writings , images and sounds or intelligence of any nature by wire , radio , optical or other electromagnetic systems . Telecommunication occurs when the exchange of information between communication participants includes the use of technology . It is transmitted either electrically over physical media , such as cables , or via electromagnetic radiation . Such transmission paths are often divided into communication channels which afford the advantages of multiplexing . The term is often used in its plural form , telecommunications , because it involves many different technologies .   Early means of communicating over a distance included visual signals , such as beacons , smoke signals , semaphore telegraphs , signal flags , and optical heliographs . Other examples of pre-modern long-distance communication included audio messages such as coded drumbeats , lung-blown horns , and loud whistles . 20th and 21st century technologies for long-distance communication usually involve electrical and electromagnetic technologies , such as telegraph , telephone , and teleprinter , networks , radio , microwave transmission , fiber optics , and communications satellites .   A revolution in wireless communication began in the first decade of the 20th century with the pioneering developments in radio communications by Guglielmo Marconi , who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1909 . Other notable pioneering inventors and developers in the field of electrical and electronic telecommunications include Charles Wheatstone and Samuel Morse ( inventors of the telegraph ) , Alexander Graham Bell ( inventor of the telephone ) , Edwin Armstrong and Lee de Forest ( inventors of radio ) , as well as Vladimir K. Zworykin , John Logie Baird and Philo Farnsworth ( some of the inventors of television ) .

neg: United States Strategic Communication According to the author Christopher Paul ( RAND ) , Strategic Communication is the `` coordinated actions , messages , images , and other forms of signaling or engagement intended to inform , influence , or persuade selected audiences in support of national objectives . '' There is often debate and discussion concerning what makes strategic communication . Regarding definition , psychological operations , public or civil affairs , information operations and public diplomacy are seemingly the least contested components of U.S. strategic communication . With those components , the most important factor that separates strategic communication from other types of communication is the synchronization and coordination of U.S. efforts . For example , in the National Strategy for Public Diplomacy and Strategic Communication , all strategic communication efforts activities should :   underscore our commitment to freedom , human rights and the dignity and equality of every human being ;  reach out to those who share our ideals ;  support those who struggle for freedom and democracy ; and  counter those who espouse ideologies of hate and oppression   Strategic communication can be a major tool against adversaries that threaten values supported by the United States . U.S. strategic communication promotes democratization and good governance . It proved vital in winning the Cold War . In the 21st Century , it is critical in countering the radical ideologies of the Islamic Republic of Iran , the Muslim Brotherhood , al - Qaeda and other extremist organizations .

neg: Interpersonal relationship An interpersonal relationship is a strong , deep , or close association or acquaintance between two or more people that may range in duration from brief to enduring . This association may be based on inference , love , solidarity , regular business interactions , or some other type of social commitment . Interpersonal relationships are formed in the context of social , cultural and other influences . The context can and may and perhaps will vary from family or kinship relations , friendship , marriage , relations with associates , work , clubs , neighborhoods , and places of worship . They may be regulated by law , custom , or mutual agreement , and are the basis of social groups and society as a whole .

neg: Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication The Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication JCMC is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal that covers the interdisciplinary field of computer-mediated communication . It was established in 1994 and is published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the International Communication Association . According to the Journal Citation Reports , its 2010 impact factor was 1.958 , ranking it 3rd out of 67 journals in the category `` Communication '' and 13th out of 76 journals in the category `` Information Science & Library Science '' . By 2014 the ISI Journal Citation Reports © Ranking reported JCMC to be 2nd of 76 in the field of Communication , and 4th of 85 in Information Science & Library Science , with an impact factor of 3.117

neg: Animal language Animal languages are forms of non-human animal communication that show similarities to human language . Animals communicate by using a variety of signs such as sounds or movements . Such signing may be considered complex enough to be called a form of language if the inventory of signs is large , the signs are relatively arbitrary , and the animals seem to produce them with a degree of volition ( as opposed to relatively automatic conditioned behaviors or unconditioned instincts , usually including facial expressions ) . In experimental tests , animal communication may also be evidenced through the use of lexigrams ( as used by chimpanzees and bonobos ) . While the term `` animal language '' is widely used , researchers agree that animal languages are not as complex or expressive as human language .   Many researchers argue that animal communication lacks a key aspect of human language , that is , the creation of new patterns of signs under varied circumstances . ( In contrast , for example , humans routinely produce entirely new combinations of words . ) Some researchers , including the linguist Charles Hockett , argue that human language and animal communication differ so much that the underlying principles are unrelated . Accordingly , linguist Thomas A. Sebeok has proposed to not use the term `` language '' for animal sign systems . Marc Hauser , Noam Chomsky , and W. Tecumseh Fitch assert an evolutionary continuum exists between the communication methods of animal and human language .

neg: Organizational communication Organizational communication is a subfield of the larger discipline of communication studies . Organizational communication , as a field , is the consideration , analysis , and criticism of the role of communication in organizational contexts . Its main function is to inform , persuade and promote goodwill . The flow of communication could be either formal or informal . Communication flowing through formal channels are downward , horizontal and upward whereas communication through informal channels are generally termed as grapevine .

neg: Social graph The social graph in the Internet context is a graph that depicts personal relations of internet users . In short , it is a model or representation of a social network , where the word graph has been taken from graph theory . The social graph has been referred to as `` the global mapping of everybody and how they 're related '' .   The term was popularized at the Facebook F8 conference on May 24 , 2007 , when it was used to explain how the newly introduced Facebook Platform would take advantage of the relationships between individuals to offer a richer online experience . The definition has been expanded to refer to a social graph of all Internet users .   Since explaining the concept of the social graph , Mark Zuckerberg , one of the founders of Facebook , has often touted Facebook 's goal of offering the website 's social graph to other websites so that a user 's relationships can be put to use on websites outside of Facebook 's control . This can be accomplished through the Facebook Open Graph API .   One of the earliest known forms of the social graph was created in 2002 by Harvard student Philippe Bouzaglou in a paper published on the Harvard Department of Economics website . The paper replicated the Kevin Bacon Game using Harvard students and for the first time , gave an overview of an entire social graph , allowing the analysis of the characteristics of the network using graph theory . This paper was written for a seminar that was attended by Dustin Moskovitz who later became a Facebook co-founder .

neg: Language Language is the ability to acquire and use complex systems of communication , particularly the human ability to do so , and a language is any specific example of such a system . The scientific study of language is called linguistics . Questions concerning the philosophy of language , such as whether words can represent experience , have been debated since Gorgias and Plato in Ancient Greece . Thinkers such as Rousseau have argued that language originated from emotions while others like Kant have held that it originated from rational and logical thought . 20th-century philosophers such as Wittgenstein argued that philosophy is really the study of language . Major figures in linguistics include Ferdinand de Saussure and Noam Chomsky .   Estimates of the number of languages in the world vary between 5,000 and 7,000 . However , any precise estimate depends on a partly arbitrary distinction between languages and dialects . Natural languages are spoken or signed , but any language can be encoded into secondary media using auditory , visual , or tactile stimuli -- for example , in whistling , signed , or braille . This is because human language is modality-independent . Depending on philosophical perspectives regarding the definition of language and meaning , when used as a general concept , `` language '' may refer to the cognitive ability to learn and use systems of complex communication , or to describe the set of rules that makes up these systems , or the set of utterances that can be produced from those rules . All languages rely on the process of semiosis to relate signs to particular meanings . Oral , manual and tactile languages contain a phonological system that governs how symbols are used to form sequences known as words or morphemes , and a syntactic system that governs how words and morphemes are combined to form phrases and utterances .   Human language has the properties of productivity and displacement , and relies entirely on social convention and learning . Its complex structure affords a much wider range of expressions than any known system of animal communication . Language is thought to have originated when early hominins started gradually changing their primate communication systems , acquiring the ability to form a theory of other minds and a shared intentionality . This development is sometimes thought to have coincided with an increase in brain volume , and many linguists see the structures of language as having evolved to serve specific communicative and social functions . Language is processed in many different locations in the human brain , but especially in Broca 's and Wernicke 's areas . Humans acquire language through social interaction in early childhood , and children generally speak fluently when they are approximately three years old . The use of language is deeply entrenched in human culture . Therefore , in addition to its strictly communicative uses , language also has many social and cultural uses , such as signifying group identity , social stratification , as well as social grooming and entertainment .   Languages evolve and diversify over time , and the history of their evolution can be reconstructed by comparing modern languages to determine which traits their ancestral languages must have had in order for the later developmental stages to occur . A group of languages that descend from a common ancestor is known as a language family . The Indo-European family is the most widely spoken and includes languages as diverse as English , Russian and Hindi ; the Sino-Tibetan family , which includes Mandarin , Bodo and the other Chinese languages , and Tibetan ; the Afro-Asiatic family , which includes Arabic , Somali , and Hebrew ; the Bantu languages , which include Swahili , and Zulu , and hundreds of other languages spoken throughout Africa ; and the Malayo-Polynesian languages , which include Indonesian , Malay , Tagalog , and hundreds of other languages spoken throughout the Pacific . The languages of the Dravidian family that are spoken mostly in Southern India include Tamil and Telugu . Academic consensus holds that between 50 % and 90 % of languages spoken at the beginning of the 21st century will probably have become extinct by the year 2100 .

neg: Bromance A bromance is a close , emotionally intense , non-sexual bond between two men . It is an exceptionally tight affectional , homosocial male bonding relationship exceeding that of usual friendship , and is distinguished by a particularly high level of emotional intimacy . The emergence of the concept since the beginning of the 21st century has been seen as reflecting a change in societal perception and interest in the theme , with an increasing openness of society in the twenty-first century to reconsider gender , sexuality , and exclusivity constraints .

neg: Intercom An intercom ( intercommunication device ) , talkback or doorphone is a stand-alone voice communications system for use within a building or small collection of buildings , functioning independently of the public telephone network ( Azori 2016 ) . Intercoms are generally mounted permanently in buildings and vehicles . Intercoms can incorporate connections to public address loudspeaker systems , walkie talkies , telephones , and to other intercom systems . Some intercom systems incorporate control of devices such as signal lights and door latches .   There are simple house intercoms and intercoms developed for collective apartments . Some are equipped with video , and its wiring ( electrical installation ) , can be connected to the outside with few pairs ( 4-6 pairs ) while controlling an electric strike . The last generations are even compatible with computers and some models include TCP/IP .