query: David Carradine was nominated for a Golden Globe Award in the category of Best Supporting Actor.

pos: David Carradine David Carradine ( born John Arthur Carradine ; December 8 , 1936 -- June 3 , 2009 ) was an American actor and martial artist . He was known for his leading role as a peace-loving Shaolin monk , Kwai Chang Caine , in the 1970s television series Kung Fu . He was also known for playing Frankenstein in the original Death Race movie and Bill in both Kill Bill films .   He was a member of an acting family that began with his father , John Carradine . Carradine 's acting career , which included major and minor roles on stage and television , and in cinema , spanned over four decades . A prolific `` B '' movie actor , he appeared in more than 100 feature films in career spanning over sixty years . He was nominated for four Golden Globe Awards , for projects such as the television series Kung Fu ( 1972 -- 1975 ) , the Woody Guthrie biopic Bound for Glory ( 1976 ) and the miniseries North and South ( 1985 ) . His final nomination came in the category of Best Supporting Actor for portraying the titular character in Quentin Tarantino 's Kill Bill : Volume 2 ( 2004 ) .   Films that featured Carradine continued to be released after his death . These posthumous credits were from a variety of genres including action , documentaries , drama , horror , martial arts , science fiction , and westerns . In addition to his acting career , Carradine was a director and musician . Moreover , influenced by his most popular acting role , he studied martial arts .   He was sometimes arrested and prosecuted for a variety of offenses , which often involved substance abuse . He died on June 3 , 2009 , in a hotel room in Bangkok , Thailand from auto-erotic asphyxiation .

neg: 25th Golden Globe Awards The 25th Golden Globe Awards , honoring the best achievements in 1967 , were held on 12 February 1968 .   25th Golden Globe Awards  February 12 , 1968   Film - Drama :  In The Heat of the Night   Film - Musical or Comedy :  The Graduate   TV Show :  Mission : Impossible

neg: Critics' Circle Award for Distinguished Service to the Arts Each year since 1988 The Critics ' Circle has presented an award for Distinguished Service to the Arts , voted for by all members of the Circle , embracing Dance , Drama , Film , Music , Visual Arts and Architecture .   This performing arts Award takes the form of an engraved crystal rose bowl , presented at a celebratory luncheon . The recipients were :   1988 Sir Peter Hall  1989 Dame Ninette de Valois  1990 Sir Michael Tippett  1991 Sir David Lean  1992 Sir John Mills  1993 Sir Peter Ustinov  1994 Sir John Drummond  1995 Sir Peter Wright  1996 Sir Richard Eyre  1997 Dame Judi Dench  1998 Sir Edward Downes  1999 Harold Pinter  2000 Dame Alicia Markova  2001 Paul Scofield  2002 Sir Alfred Brendel  2003 Sir Ian McKellen  2004 Mike Leigh  2005 Alan Bennett  2006 Dame Helen Mirren  2007 Sir Tom Stoppard  2008 Peter Brook  2009 Sir Alan Ayckbourn  2010 Ken Loach  2011 Stephen Sondheim  2013 Grayson Perry  2014 Sir Nicholas Hytner  2015 Dame Maggie Smith   Category : Performing arts awards

neg: Goodfellas Goodfellas ( stylized as GoodFellas ) is a 1990 American crime film directed by Martin Scorsese . It is an adaptation of the 1986 non-fiction book Wiseguy by Nicholas Pileggi , who co-wrote the screenplay with Scorsese . The film narrates the rise and fall of mob associate Henry Hill and his friends over a period from 1955 to 1980 .   Scorsese initially named the film Wise Guy and postponed making it ; later , he and Pileggi changed the name to Goodfellas . To prepare for their roles in the film , Robert De Niro , Joe Pesci , and Ray Liotta often spoke with Pileggi , who shared research material left over from writing the book . According to Pesci , improvisation and ad-libbing came out of rehearsals wherein Scorsese gave the actors freedom to do whatever they wanted . The director made transcripts of these sessions , took the lines he liked best , and put them into a revised script , which the cast worked from during principal photography .   Made on a budget of $ 25 million , Goodfellas grossed $ 46.8 million . It received positive reviews from critics and was nominated for six Academy Awards , including Best Picture and Best Director , with Pesci winning Best Actor in a Supporting Role . The film won five awards from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts , including Best Film and Best Director . Additionally , Goodfellas was named the year 's best film by various critics ' groups .   Goodfellas is widely regarded as one of the greatest films in the crime genre . In 2000 , it was deemed `` culturally , historically , and aesthetically significant '' and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry by the United States Library of Congress . Its content and style have been emulated in numerous other films and television shows .

neg: Golden Boot Awards The Golden Boot Awards is an American acknowledgment of achievement honoring actors , actresses , and crew members who have made significant contributions to the genre of Western television and movies . The award is sponsored and presented by the Motion Picture & Television Fund . Money raised at the award banquet is used to help finance various services offered by the Fund to those in the entertainment industry .   Actor Pat Buttram conceived the idea of the Golden Boot Award , and the first ones were presented in 1983 . The awards appear to have been discontinued since 2007 .

neg: List of actors nominated for two Academy Awards in the same year The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences has had occurrences of actors and actresses nominated for two different Academy Awards in acting categories in a single year , with the first instance in 1938 . Provided that they receive enough votes from the Academy in both categories to earn a nomination , there are no restrictions on actors being nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor and Best Supporting Actor or actresses being nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress and Best Supporting Actress in any given year . The sole rule with regard to multiple nominations is that an actor or actress can not receive multiple nominations for the same performance . This rule was introduced in 1944 after Barry Fitzgerald received a Best Actor nomination and a Best Supporting Actor nomination for his performance in Going My Way .   As of 2015 , 11 actors and actresses have been nominated for two different Academy Awards in the same year . The first of these actors and actresses was Fay Bainter , who received nominations for her performances in White Banners and Jezebel at the 11th Academy Awards . The most recent occurrence was during the 80th Academy Awards , in which Cate Blanchett received nominations for Elizabeth : The Golden Age and I 'm Not There . Seven of these actors and actresses received an Academy Award in one of the categories they were nominated in , and none have won two Academy Awards in the same year . Four did not receive an Academy Award in either category : Sigourney Weaver ( nominations for Gorillas in the Mist and Working Girl ) , Emma Thompson ( nominations for The Remains of the Day and In the Name of the Father ) , Julianne Moore ( nominations for Far from Heaven and The Hours ) , and Cate Blanchett ( nominations for Elizabeth : The Golden Age and I 'm Not There ) .

neg: 48th Academy Awards The 48th Academy Awards were presented March 29 , 1976 at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion , Los Angeles . The ceremonies were presided over by Walter Matthau , Robert Shaw , George Segal , Goldie Hawn , and Gene Kelly . This year , ABC took over broadcast rights from NBC , and continues to broadcast them today . ( NBC 's coverage of the 1976 NCAA Final Four aired opposite the ceremony ; during the presentation of the Best Film Editing award , the winner was jokingly announced ( by presenter Elliott Gould ) as `` Indiana , 86 -- 68 '' ; the Indiana Hoosiers had won the NCAA Final Four that night . )   Miloš Forman 's One Flew Over the Cuckoo 's Nest made a `` clean sweep '' of the major categories : Best Picture , Best Actor , Best Actress , Best Director and Best Screenplay ( Adapted ) . It was the second of three films to date to accomplish the sweep , following It Happened One Night in 1934 and preceding The Silence of the Lambs in 1991 .   French actress Isabelle Adjani received her first nomination for Best Actress this year , making Adjani , 20 at the time , the youngest actress to be nominated in the leading actress category , breaking the record set by 22-year-old Elizabeth Hartman in 1967 . This record would later be surpassed by 13-year-old Keisha Castle-Hughes in 2004 , and again in 2013 by nine-year old Quvenzhane Wallis . Adjani also presented the Best Film Editing award that night along with Gould who delivered the Indiana joke during the presentation .   At age 80 , George Burns became the oldest acting and Best Supporting Actor awardee , a record which stood until Jessica Tandy won Best Actress in 1989 . For males , Burns was succeeded by Christopher Plummer , who won Best Supporting Actor in 2012 for Beginners at the age of 82 .   Jaws was followed 25 years later by Traffic for a film that won all its nominations except Best Picture . Jaws is one of the few films to be nominated for Best Picture but not for directing , acting , or writing .

neg: Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role The Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role is an annual award presented by The Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in commercial British theatre . The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976 , and , renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor Lord Olivier .   The award was first given in 1977 but in the years following was often given as a singular award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role .

neg: 29th Golden Globe Awards The 29th Golden Globe Awards , honoring the best in film and television for 1971 films , were held on February 6 , 1972 .

neg: The Verdict The Verdict is a 1982 American courtroom drama film starring Paul Newman , Charlotte Rampling , Jack Warden , James Mason , Milo O'Shea and Lindsay Crouse . The film , which was directed by Sidney Lumet , was adapted by David Mamet from the novel by Barry Reed . It is about a down-on-his-luck alcoholic lawyer who takes a medical malpractice case to improve his own situation , but discovers along the way that he is doing the right thing .   The Verdict garnered critical acclaim and box office success . The film was nominated for five Academy Awards , including Best Actor in a Leading Role ( Paul Newman ) , Best Actor in a Supporting Role ( James Mason ) , Best Director ( Sidney Lumet ) , Best Picture and Best Adapted Screenplay ( David Mamet ) .

neg: Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy The Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture -- Musical or Comedy has been awarded annually since 1952 by the Hollywood Foreign Press Association ( HFPA ) .

neg: Patricia Arquette Patricia Arquette ( born April 8 , 1968 ) is an American actress . She made her film debut in A Nightmare on Elm Street 3 : Dream Warriors ( 1987 ) at the age of eighteen . Her notable films include Tony Scott 's True Romance ( 1993 ) , Tim Burton 's Ed Wood ( 1994 ) , David O. Russell 's Flirting with Disaster ( 1996 ) , David Lynch 's Lost Highway ( 1997 ) , Stephen Frears 's The Hi-Lo Country ( 1998 ) , Martin Scorsese 's Bringing Out the Dead ( 1999 ) , and Andrew Davis 's Holes ( 2003 ) .   For her performance in Richard Linklater 's Boyhood ( 2014 ) , which was filmed from 2002 until 2014 , she received widespread critical praise and won the Academy Award , BAFTA Award , Critics ' Choice Award , Golden Globe Award , Independent Spirit Award , and SAG Award for Best Supporting Actress . Arquette 's Academy Award acceptance speech , which she used to bring female wage inequality to attention , received widespread news coverage .   On television , she played the character Allison DuBois -- based on the author and medium Allison DuBois , who claims to have psychic abilities -- in the supernatural drama series Medium ( 2005 -- 11 ) . She received three Golden Globe nominations and two Emmy Award nominations , winning the Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama in 2005 . Arquette also appeared in the CSI franchise as Avery Ryan , the Deputy Director of the FBI , starring in CSI : Cyber ( 2015 -- 16 ) .

neg: The Shootist The Shootist is a 1976 American western film directed by Don Siegel and starring John Wayne in his final film role . The film is based on a 1975 novel of the same name by Glendon Swarthout with a screenplay by Miles Hood Swarthout ( the son of the author ) and Scott Hale . The supporting cast includes Lauren Bacall , Ron Howard , James Stewart , Richard Boone , Hugh O'Brian , Harry Morgan , John Carradine , Sheree North , and Scatman Crothers .   In 1977 , The Shootist received an Academy Award nomination for Best Art Direction ( Robert F. Boyle , Arthur Jeph Parker ) , a BAFTA Film Award nomination for Best Actress ( Lauren Bacall ) , and a Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor ( Ron Howard ) , as well as the National Board of Review Award as one of the Top Ten Films of 1976 . The movie also received widespread critical acclaim , garnering a 95 % positive rating on Rotten Tomatoes .

neg: Silver Linings Playbook Silver Linings Playbook is a 2012 American romantic comedy-drama film written and directed by David O. Russell . It was adapted from the novel The Silver Linings Playbook , by Matthew Quick . The film stars Bradley Cooper and Jennifer Lawrence , with Robert De Niro , Jacki Weaver , Chris Tucker , Anupam Kher , and Julia Stiles in supporting roles .   Cooper plays Patrick `` Pat '' Solitano , Jr. , a man with bipolar disorder who is released from a psychiatric hospital and moves back in with his parents , played by Robert De Niro and Jacki Weaver . Determined to win back his estranged wife , Pat meets recently widowed Tiffany Maxwell , portrayed by Jennifer Lawrence , who offers to help him get his wife back if he enters a dance competition with her . The two become closer as they train and Pat , his father , and Tiffany examine their relationships with each other as they cope with their problems .   Silver Linings Playbook premiered at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival on September 8 , 2012 , and was released in the United States on November 16 , 2012 . The film opened to major critical success and earned numerous accolades . It received eight Academy Award nominations , including Best Picture , Best Director , Best Adapted Screenplay . It became the first film since 1981 's Reds to be Oscar-nominated for the four acting categories and the first since 2004 's Million Dollar Baby to be nominated for the Big Five Oscars , with Lawrence winning the Academy Award for Best Actress . It also achieved four Golden Globe Award nominations , with Lawrence winning Best Actress ; three BAFTA nominations , with Russell winning for Best Adapted Screenplay ; four Screen Actors Guild nominations ; and five Independent Spirit Award nominations , winning in four categories , including Best Film . The film was a success at the box office , grossing over $ 236 million worldwide , more than eleven times its budget .

neg: Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards 2014 The 20th Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards honoring the best in film for 2014 were announced on December 15 , 2014 . These awards `` recognizing extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association ( DFWFCA ) , based in the Dallas -- Fort Worth metroplex region of Texas . The organization , founded in 1990 , includes 30 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications based in north Texas . The Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association began presenting its annual awards list in 1993 .   Birdman was the DFWFCA 's most awarded film of 2014 , taking five top honors . Birdman won in Best Picture , Best Actor ( Michael Keaton ) , Best Director ( Alejandro G. Iñárritu ) , Best Cinematography ( Emmanuel Lubezki ) , and Best Screenplay ( Alejandro G. Iñárritu , Nicolás Giacobone , Alexander Dinelaris Jr. , and Armando Bo ) .   Another film , Boyhood , earned multiple 2014 honors from the DFWFCA . The coming-of-age tale received top honors in the Best Supporting Actress ( Patricia Arquette ) as well as being presented the Russell Smith Award as the `` best low-budget or cutting-edge independent film '' of the year . The award is named in honor of late Dallas Morning News film critic Russell Smith . Reese Witherspoon was named Best Actress for her role as Cheryl Strayed in Wild . The other films earning honors were Sweden 's Force Majeure for Best Foreign Language Film , Citizenfour as Best Documentary Film , and The Lego Movie for Best Animated Film .

neg: The Hours (film) The Hours is a 2002 British-American drama film directed by Stephen Daldry , and starring Meryl Streep , Julianne Moore and Nicole Kidman . Supporting roles are played by Ed Harris , John C. Reilly , Stephen Dillane , Jeff Daniels , Miranda Richardson , Allison Janney , Toni Collette and Claire Danes . The screenplay by David Hare is based on Michael Cunningham 's 1999 Pulitzer Prize-winning novel of the same title .   The plot focuses on three women of different generations whose lives are interconnected by the novel Mrs Dalloway by Virginia Woolf . These are Clarissa Vaughan ( Streep ) , a New Yorker preparing an award party for her AIDS-stricken long-time friend and poet , Richard ( Harris ) in 2001 ; Laura Brown ( Moore ) , a pregnant 1950s California housewife with a young boy and an unhappy marriage ; and Virginia Woolf ( Kidman ) herself in 1920s England , who is struggling with depression and mental illness while trying to write her novel .   The film was released in Los Angeles and New York City on Christmas Day 2002 , and was given a limited release in the United States and Canada two days later on December 27 , 2002 . It did not receive a wide release in North America until January 2003 , and was then released in British cinemas on Valentine 's Day that year . Critical reaction to the film was mostly positive , with nine Academy Award nominations for The Hours including Best Picture , and a win for Nicole Kidman as Best Actress .

neg: 26th Academy Awards The 26th Academy Awards honored the best in films of 1953 .   The second national telecast of the Awards show drew an estimated 43 million viewers . Shirley Booth , appearing in a play in Philadelphia , presented the Best Actor award through a live broadcast cut-in , and privately received the winner 's name over the telephone from co-host Donald O'Connor . ( Actor Fredric March co-hosted from New York City . ) Gary Cooper filmed his presentation of the Best Actress award in advance on a set in Mexico , with O'Connor announcing the winner 's name .   All the major winners in this year were black-and-white films . The big winner was Fred Zinnemann 's From Here to Eternity , with thirteen nominations and eight awards including Best Picture , Best Supporting Actor , Best Supporting Actress , Best Director , Best Screenplay ( Daniel Taradash ) , Best Cinematography ( Burnett Guffey ) , Best Sound , and Best Film Editing . All five of its major actors and actresses were nominated , with secondary players Donna Reed and Frank Sinatra taking home Oscars . The candid film was based on James Jones ' controversial , best-selling novel about Army life on a Hawaiian ( Oahu ) military base just prior to the Pearl Harbor attack and World War II , illustrating the conflict between an individualistic private ( Montgomery Clift ) and rigid institutional authority ( exemplified by the Army ) . Its achievement of eight awards matched the then record held by Gone with the Wind ( 1939 ) . The record would be tied again the following year by On the Waterfront ( 1954 ) . Walt Disney won four awards , which remains the record for the most Oscars won in the same year .   William Holden 's speech for Best Actor for his role in Stalag 17 was simply `` Thank You '' , making it one of the shortest speeches ever ; the TV broadcast had a strict cutoff time which forced Holden 's quick remarks . The frustrated Holden personally paid for advertisements in the Hollywood trade publications to thank everyone he wanted to on Oscar night . He also remarked that he felt that either Burt Lancaster or Montgomery Clift should have won the Best Actor Oscar for From Here to Eternity , instead of him .

neg: 52nd Academy Awards The 52nd Academy Awards were presented April 14 , 1980 , at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion in Los Angeles . The ceremonies were presided over by Johnny Carson who , in noting the long duration of the production , joked that President Jimmy Carter was working hard for their `` release '' from the ceremonies , a clear reference to the Iranian hostage crisis .   Among the nominees for Best Supporting Actor were 8 year-old Justin Henry -- the youngest Best Supporting Actor nominee ever -- and 79-year-old Melvyn Douglas . This was the largest age difference between two competing actors in Oscar history until 2013 . Ironically , their age difference was partially the reason why Douglas did not attend the Oscars that night , despite winning the award . Henry was nominated for Kramer vs. Kramer , which out of its eight other nominations , finished with five awards , including Best Picture , Best Director for Robert Benton , and Best Actor for Dustin Hoffman .

neg: Golden Eagle Award for Best Leading Actor (Russia) The Golden Eagle Award for Best Leading Actor is one of twenty award categories presented annually by the National Academy of Motion Pictures Arts and Sciences of Russia . It is one of the Golden Eagle Awards , which were conceived by Nikita Mikhalkov as a counterweight to the Nika Award established in 1987 by the Russian Academy of Cinema Arts and Sciences .   Each year the members of the academy choose three leading actors and the film as a perception . The first actor to be awarded was Viktor Bychkov for the film The Cuckoo . The most recent award was made to Aleksandr Zbruyev for Film About Alekseyev . Sergei Garmash is the most successful artists , winning twice out of three nominations . Other noteworthy actors who were nominated at least twice are Fedor Bondarchuk , Nikita Mikhalkov , Aleksei Petrenko , Danila Kozlovsky , Vladimir Mashkov , Yevgeny Mironov , Bohdan Stupka , Viktor Sukhorukov and Aleksandr Baluev .

neg: Thunder and Lightning (film) Thunder and Lightning is a 1977 action comedy film starring David Carradine and Kate Jackson and directed by Corey Allen .

neg: Deathsport Deathsport is a 1978 science fiction B-movie produced by Roger Corman , directed by Allan Arkush and Nicholas Niciphor . The film stars David Carradine and Playboy Playmate Claudia Jennings . It would also be one of Jennings ' final movies before her death .


query: Charles, Prince of Wales was the first grandchild of Queen Elizabeth.

pos: Charles, Prince of Wales Charles , Prince of Wales ( Charles Philip Arthur George ; born 14 November 1948 ) is the eldest child and heir apparent of Queen Elizabeth II . Known alternatively in South West England as Duke of Cornwall and in Scotland as Duke of Rothesay , he is the longest-serving heir apparent in British history , having held the position since 1952 . He is also the oldest person to be next in line to the throne since Sophia of Hanover ( the heir presumptive to Queen Anne ) , who died in 1714 at the age of 83 .   Charles was born at Buckingham Palace as the first grandchild of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth . He was educated at Cheam and Gordonstoun Schools , which his father , Prince Philip , Duke of Edinburgh , had attended as a child , as well as the Timbertop campus of Geelong Grammar School in Victoria , Australia . After earning a bachelor of arts degree from Trinity College , Cambridge , Charles served in the Royal Navy from 1971 to 1976 .   In 1981 , he married Lady Diana Spencer and they had two sons : Prince William ( born 1982 ) later to become Duke of Cambridge , and Prince Harry ( born 1984 ) . In 1996 , the couple divorced , following well-publicised extramarital affairs . Diana died in a car crash in Paris the following year . In 2005 , Charles married Camilla Parker Bowles .   Charles 's interests encompass a range of humanitarian and social issues : he founded The Prince 's Trust in 1976 , sponsors The Prince 's Charities , and is patron of numerous other charitable and arts organisations . Charles has long championed organic farming for which he established the Duchy Home Farm , run by the Duchy of Cornwall , which produces ingredients for the Duchy Originals brand which he founded in 1990 . Charles has sought to raise world awareness of the dangers facing the natural environment , such as climate change . As an environmentalist , he has received numerous awards and recognition from environmental groups around the world . His support for alternative medicine , including homeopathy , has been criticised by some in the medical community . He has been outspoken on the role of architecture in society and the conservation of historic buildings . Subsequently , Charles created Poundbury , an experimental new town based on his theories , in Dorset in 1993 . He has authored a number of books , including A Vision of Britain : A Personal View of Architecture in 1989 and the children 's book The Old Man of Lochnagar in 1980 .

neg: Our Island Story Our Island Story : A Child 's History of England is a book by Henrietta Elizabeth Marshall , first published in 1905 in London by T. C. & E. C. Jack .   It covers the history of England from the time of the Roman occupation until Queen Victoria 's death , using a mixture of traditional history and mythology to explain the story of British history in a way accessible to younger readers .   Prime Minister David Cameron chose Our Island Story when asked to select his favourite childhood book in October 2010 :   `` When I was younger , I particularly enjoyed ` Our Island Story ' by Henrietta Elizabeth Marshall -LSB- ... -RSB- It is written in a way that really captured my imagination and which nurtured my interest in the history of our great nation . ''   The book depicts the union of England and Scotland as a desirable and inevitable event , and praises rebels and the collective will of the common people in opposing tyrants , including kings like John and Charles I.

neg: Prince Philip of Yugoslavia Prince Philip of Yugoslavia , also known as Filip Karađorđević ( Serbian Cyrillic : Филип Карађорђевић ; born 15 January 1982 in Fairfax , Virginia ) , is a member of the House of Karađorđević .   He is the son of Alexander , Crown Prince of Yugoslavia , and Princess Maria da Gloria , Duchess of Segorbe , and the fraternal twin of Prince Alexander of Yugoslavia . He would be second in the line to the throne after his elder brother , Hereditary Prince Peter . His godparents are Queen Sofia of Spain , King Constantine II of Greece , and Princess Anne , Duchess of Calabria .   Philip lived in Virginia until 1984 . Together with his twin brother , he was educated in London and Canterbury . In June 2000 he completed sixth form at The King 's School , Canterbury . He was awarded a BA from University College London at the completion of his university studies . Prince Philip is now working for a foreign financial institution in the City of London .   On 17 July 2001 , Philip and the Royal Family took up residence in the Royal Palace in Belgrade . He is also in line for Succession to the British throne .

neg: Crown Estate The Crown Estate is a collection of lands and holdings in the United Kingdom belonging to the British monarch as a corporation sole , making it the `` Sovereign 's public estate '' , which is neither government property nor part of the monarch 's private estate . As a result of this arrangement , the sovereign is not involved with the management or administration of the estate , exercising only very limited control of its affairs . Instead , the estate 's extensive portfolio is overseen by a semi-independent , incorporated public body headed by the Crown Estate Commissioners , who exercise `` the powers of ownership '' of the estate , although they are not `` owners in their own right '' . The revenues from these hereditary possessions have been placed by the monarch at the disposition of Her Majesty 's Government and thus proceed directly to Her Majesty 's Treasury for the benefit of the British nation . The Crown Estate is formally accountable to the Parliament of the United Kingdom , where it is legally mandated to make an annual report to the sovereign , a copy of which is forwarded to the House of Commons .   The Crown Estate is one of the largest property managers in the United Kingdom , overseeing property worth # 12 billion , with urban properties valued at # 9.1 billion representing the majority of the estate by value . These include a large number of properties in central London , but the estate also controls 792000 ha of agricultural land and forest , more than half of the UK 's foreshore , and retains various other traditional holdings and rights , including Ascot Racecourse and Windsor Great Park . Naturally occurring gold and silver in the UK , collectively known as `` Mines Royal '' , are managed by The Crown Estate and leased to mining operators .   Historically , Crown Estate properties were administered by the reigning monarch to help fund the business of governing the country . However , in 1760 , George III surrendered control over the Estate 's revenues to the treasury , thus relieving him of the responsibility of personally paying for the costs of the civil service , defence costs , the national debt , and his own personal debts . In return , he received an annual grant known as the Civil list . By tradition , each subsequent monarch agreed to this arrangement upon his or her accession . However , from 1 April 2012 , under the terms of the Sovereign Grant Act 2011 ( SSG ) , the Civil List was abolished and the monarch was thenceforth provided with a stable source of revenue indexed to a percentage of the Crown Estate 's annual net revenue ( currently set at 15 % ) . This was intended to provide a long-term solution and remove the politically sensitive issue of Parliament having to debate the Civil List allowance every ten years . Subsequently , the Sovereign Grant Act allows for all future monarchs to simply extend these provisions for their reigns by Order in Council . The act does not imply any legal change on the nature of the estate 's ownership , but is simply a benchmark by which the sovereign grant is set as a grant by Parliament .

neg: List of First World War Victoria Cross recipients The Victoria Cross ( VC ) was awarded 628 times to 627 recipients for action in the First World War ( 1914 -- 1918 ) . The Victoria Cross is a military decoration awarded for valour `` in the face of the enemy '' to members of armed forces of some Commonwealth countries and previous British Empire territories . It takes precedence over all other Orders , decorations and medals ; it may be awarded to a person of any rank in any service and to civilians under military command . The award was officially constituted when Queen Victoria issued a warrant under the Royal sign-manual on 29 January 1856 that was gazetted on 5 February 1856 . The order was backdated to 1854 to recognise acts of valour during the Crimean War . The first awards ceremony was held on 26 June 1857 , where Queen Victoria invested 62 of the 111 Crimean recipients in a ceremony in Hyde Park .   The First World War , also known as the Great War and in the United States as World War I , was a global military conflict that embroiled most of the world 's great powers , assembled in two opposing alliances : the Triple Entente and the Triple Alliance . More than 70 million military personnel were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history . The main combatants descended into a state of total war , directing their entire scientific and industrial capabilities into the war effort . Over 15 million people were killed , making it one of the deadliest conflicts in history . The proximate cause of war was the assassination on 28 June 1914 of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria . Soon after , a system of alliances were activated that would see Europe at war . The Western Front saw the largest concentration of Commonwealth troops with soldiers occupying sectors of the line from the North Sea to the Orne River .   On 1 July 1916 , the first day of the Battle of the Somme , the British Army endured the bloodiest day in its history , suffering 57,470 casualties and 19,240 dead ; nine Victoria Crosses were awarded for action on that day . Most of the casualties occurred in the first hour of the attack . The entire Somme offensive cost the British Army almost half a million men . The war was not just fought on land ; the First World War saw major naval battles as well as the first large-scale use of military aircraft . The war at sea was mainly characterised by the efforts of the Allied Powers in blockading the Central Powers by sea . In return , the Central Powers attempted to break that blockade and establish an effective blockade of the British Isles and France with U-boats and raiders . The largest naval battle of the First World War was the Battle of Jutland which was the only full-scale clash of battleships in that war . Four Victoria Crosses were awarded for action at Jutland . The war in the air saw 19 VCs being awarded to airmen . The First World War saw significant interest in flying aces , including the German Manfred von Richthofen -- also known as The Red Baron -- as well as British aces such as Albert Ball , Mick Mannock and Billy Bishop , who were all Victoria Cross recipients . Hostilities ended on 11 November 1918 with the signing of the Armistice Treaty in the Compiègne Forest , but the war was not officially over until the various peace treaties were signed in 1919 . By the war 's end , four major imperial powers -- Germany , Russia , Austria-Hungary , and the Ottoman Empire -- had been militarily and politically defeated , and the latter two ceased to exist as autonomous entities . Of the 60 million European soldiers who were mobilised from 1914 -- 1918 , 8 million were killed , 7 million were permanently disabled , and 15 million were seriously injured .   During the war , Britain called on its dominions and colonies , which provided invaluable military , financial and material support . The armies of the Dominions provided over 2.5 million men as well as many thousands of volunteers from the Crown colonies . The largest number of men came from the Indian sub continent , Canada , Australia and New Zealand . The Indian Contingent consisted of over 130,000 men in various capabilities and served primarily in France and Belgium . Over 9000 of them died and 11 of them were awarded the VC . The Australian Imperial Force ( AIF ) began forming on 15 August 1914 and remained a volunteer force for the entire war . Throughout the four years of conflict , 331,814 volunteers from Australia were sent overseas with 63 VCs awarded ; nine of these were given for the Gallipoli Campaign . Eleven members of the New Zealand Expeditionary Force ( NZEF ) were awarded the Victoria Cross . The Canadian Expeditionary Force ( CEF ) saw over 600,000 enlistments throughout its four-year history with 71 VCs awarded . At the outbreak of the hostilities , Newfoundland was a separate dominion and 2 soldiers from Newfoundland were awarded the Victoria Cross .   The 628 awards of the Victoria Cross given for action during the First World War account for almost half the 1356 Victoria Crosses awarded throughout its history ; in comparison the Second World War saw 181 medals awarded . Noel Godfrey Chavasse was awarded the Victoria Cross and Bar , for two separate actions in the First World War on the battlefields of Mametz and Passchendaele . He died from wounds received in the second action . Arthur Martin-Leake received a Bar to his Victoria Cross for action in the First World War ; he had been awarded his first Victoria Cross for action in the Second Boer War .   Of the 627 recipients 159 were awarded posthumously .

neg: George Percy, Earl Percy George Dominic Percy , Earl Percy ( born 4 May 1984 ) , is the heir apparent to the Dukedom of Northumberland .   Percy was born as the second child and elder son of the Duke and Duchess of Northumberland . He became heir apparent to the dukedom in 1995 , when his uncle Henry , 11th Duke of Northumberland , died . Percy 's parents , now Duke and Duchess of Northumberland , were eager to protect him from `` vices and pitfalls '' , and filed a lawsuit to prevent him from inheriting # 1 million and a # 250,000 annual income upon turning 18 . In 1999 , they succeeded in delaying the inheritance , which Lord Percy received at the age of 25 . George Percy is also set to inherit Alnwick Castle , famously known as Hogwarts ' School of Witchcraft and Wizardry in the Harry Potter films . He served as a Page of Honour to Queen Elizabeth II from 1996 to 1998 . He is also a direct descendant of Charles II of England through multiple descents .   Earl Percy was educated at Eton College , and studied geography at the University of Edinburgh , specialising in sustainable development and renewable energy . He graduated in 2008 , having shared a house with Pippa Middleton , with whom he has been linked since .   Percy studied Arabic language at the University of Damascus , and later worked in Abu Dhabi . He is the managing director of energy company Cluff Geothermal with Paul Younger .   As old family friends , Lord Percy and his family attended the wedding of Middleton 's sister Catherine and Prince William , Duke of Cambridge , in 2011 .

neg: Charles III of England There has not been an English , Scottish nor British king with the title Charles III , but it is sometimes used to refer to :  Charles Edward Stuart ( 1720 -- 1788 ) , Jacobite pretender to the throne  Charles , Prince of Wales ( born 1948 ) , heir apparent to the throne of the United Kingdom

neg: Princess Isabella of Denmark -RCB-  | -  |  | -RCB-  Princess Isabella of Denmark , Countess of Monpezat ( Isabella Henrietta Ingrid Margrethe ; born 21 April 2007 ) , is the second child and elder daughter of Crown Prince Frederik and Crown Princess Mary .   She is the fourth grandchild and oldest granddaughter of Queen Margrethe II and her husband , Prince Henrik . She was the first girl born into the Danish royal family since the birth of her grandaunt , Queen Anne-Marie of Greece , in 1946 . She is third in the line of succession to the Danish throne , after her father and her older brother , Prince Christian .

neg: Monarchy A monarchy is a form of government in which a group , usually a family called the dynasty , embodies the country 's national identity and one of its members , called the monarch , exercises a role of sovereignty . The actual power of the monarch may vary from purely symbolic ( crowned republic ) , to partial and restricted ( constitutional monarchy ) , to completely autocratic ( absolute monarchy ) . Traditionally and in most cases , the monarch 's post is inherited and lasts until death or abdication , but there are also elective monarchies where the monarch is elected . Each of these has variations : in some elected monarchies only those of certain pedigrees are , whereas many hereditary monarchies impose requirements regarding the religion , age , gender , mental capacity , etc. . Occasionally this might create a situation of rival claimants whose legitimacy is subject to effective election . Finally , there have been cases where the term of a monarch 's reign is either fixed in years or continues until certain goals are achieved : an invasion being repulsed , for instance . Thus there are widely divergent structures and traditions defining monarchy .   Monarchy was the most common form of government until the 19th century , but it is no longer prevalent . Where it exists , it is now usually a constitutional monarchy , in which the monarch retains a unique legal and ceremonial role , but exercises limited or no official political power : under the written or unwritten constitution , others have governing authority . Currently , 47 sovereign nations in the world have monarchs acting as heads of state , 19 of which are Commonwealth realms that recognise Queen Elizabeth II as their head of state . All European monarchies are constitutional ones , with the exception of the Vatican City which is an elective monarchy , but sovereigns in the smaller states exercise greater political influence than in the larger . The monarchs of Cambodia , Japan , and Malaysia `` reign , but do not rule '' although there is considerable variation in the degree of authority they wield . Although they reign under constitutions , the monarchs of Brunei , Morocco , Oman , Qatar , Saudi Arabia and Swaziland appear to continue to exercise more political influence than any other single source of authority in their nations , either by constitutional mandate or by tradition .

neg: Anne, Queen of Great Britain Anne ( 6 February 1665 -- 1 August 1714 ) became Queen of England , Scotland and Ireland on 8 March 1702 . On 1 May 1707 , under the Acts of Union , two of her realms , the kingdoms of England and Scotland , united as a single sovereign state known as Great Britain . She continued to reign as Queen of Great Britain and Ireland until her death .   Anne was born in the reign of her uncle Charles II , who had no legitimate children . Her father , James , was first in line to the throne . His suspected Roman Catholicism was unpopular in England , and on Charles 's instructions Anne was raised as an Anglican . Three years after he succeeded Charles , James was deposed in the `` Glorious Revolution '' of 1688 . Anne 's Dutch Protestant brother-in-law and cousin William III became joint monarch with his wife , Anne 's elder sister Mary II . Although the sisters had been close , disagreements over Anne 's finances , status and choice of acquaintances arose shortly after Mary 's accession and they became estranged . William and Mary had no children . After Mary 's death in 1694 , William continued as sole monarch until he was succeeded by Anne upon his death in 1702 .   As queen , Anne favoured moderate Tory politicians , who were more likely to share her Anglican religious views than their opponents , the Whigs . The Whigs grew more powerful during the course of the War of the Spanish Succession , until in 1710 Anne dismissed many of them from office . Her close friendship with Sarah Churchill , Duchess of Marlborough , turned sour as the result of political differences .   Anne was plagued by ill health throughout her life . From her thirties onwards , she grew increasingly lame and obese . Despite seventeen pregnancies by her husband , Prince George of Denmark , she died without any surviving children and was the last monarch of the House of Stuart . Under the terms of the Act of Settlement 1701 , she was succeeded by her second cousin George I of the House of Hanover , who was a descendant of the Stuarts through his maternal grandmother , Elizabeth , a daughter of James VI and I.

neg: Duke of Bedford Duke of Bedford ( named after Bedford , England ) is a title that has been created six times ( for five distinct people ) in the Peerage of England . The first and second creations came in 1414 in favour of Henry IV 's third son , John , who later served as regent of France . He was made Earl of Kendal at the same time and was made Earl of Richmond later the same year . The titles became extinct on his death in 1435 . The third creation came in 1470 in favour of George Neville , nephew of Warwick the Kingmaker . He was deprived of the title by Act of Parliament in 1478 . The fourth creation came 1478 in favour of George , the third son of Edward IV . He died the following year at the age of two . The fifth creation came in 1485 in favour of Jasper Tudor , half-brother of Henry VI and uncle of Henry VII . He had already been created Earl of Pembroke in 1452 . However , as he was a Lancastrian , his title was forfeited between 1461 and 1485 during the predominance of the House of York . He regained the earldom in 1485 when his nephew Henry VII came to the throne and was elevated to the dukedom the same year . He had no legitimate children and the titles became extinct on his death in 1495 .   The Russell family currently holds the titles of Earl and Duke of Bedford . John Russell , a close advisor of Henry VIII and Edward VI , was granted the title of Earl of Bedford in 1551 , and his descendant William , 5th Earl , was created Duke following the Glorious Revolution .   The subsidiary titles of the Duke of Bedford , all in the Peerage of England , are Marquess of Tavistock ( created 1694 ) , Earl of Bedford ( 1550 ) , Baron Russell , of Cheneys ( 1539 ) , Baron Russell of Thornhaugh in the County of Northampton ( 1603 ) , and Baron Howland , of Streatham in the County of Surrey ( 1695 ) ( and possibly the Barony of Bedford , which was merged into it in 1138 , 1366 or 1414 ) . The courtesy title of the Duke of Bedford 's eldest son and heir is Marquess of Tavistock '' .   Every Duke from the 5th Duke onwards is descended from Charles II of England . The family seat is Woburn Abbey , Bedfordshire . The private mausoleum and chapel of the Russell Family and the Dukes of Bedford is at St. Michael 's Church in Chenies , Buckinghamshire ( photo ) . The family owns The Bedford Estate in central London .

neg: Princess Victoria of the United Kingdom Princess Victoria of the United Kingdom ( Victoria Alexandra Olga Mary ; 6 July 1868 -- 3 December 1935 ) , known as `` Toria '' , was the fourth child and second daughter of Edward VII and Alexandra of Denmark , and the younger sister of George V.

neg: 1952 Commonwealth Prime Ministers' Economic Conference The 1952 Commonwealth Prime Ministers ' Economic Conference was an emergency Meeting of the Heads of Government of the Commonwealth of Nations . It was called by the British government of Sir Winston Churchill and held in the United Kingdom in December 1952 as a follow-up to a Commonwealth Finance Minister 's conference held in January 1952 . The conference was held in the context of British economic and military decline and the United States ' surging role in the world .   The principal topic of the conference was the convertibility and liquidity of Pound sterling into American dollars and British concerns that non-sterling Commonwealth countries were building up sterling balances for the purpose of conversion into American dollars , the future of the Pound sterling area , and the alleviation of Commonwealth trade restrictions and imperial preference , particularly in the light of the surging American economy and the desire of Commonwealth countries such as Australia for American investment in order for economic development to occur against British concerns that American economic dominance threatened Britain 's economic position . This discussion was necessary as the Commonwealth , with the exception of Canada , had a common pool of gold and dollar reserves . Little was accomplished in the economic discussion with the final communique being described as an `` agreement in platitudes '' .   British concerns at being excluded from the ANZUS military treaty between Australia , New Zealand and the United States were also a topic and were addressed by a communique issued by the prime ministers supporting Britain 's demand for a voice in ANZUS .   In addition , Commonwealth prime ministers , after months of discussion on whether the newly ascended Queen Elizabeth II should have a uniform Royal Styles and Titles throughout the Commonwealth or whether realms should adopt their own styles and titles , it was agreed that each member of the Commonwealth `` should use for its own purposes a form of the Royal Style and Titles which suits its own particular circumstances but retains a substantial element which is common to all '' and agreed to pass appropriate legislation in their respective parliaments . The prime ministers also agreed to proclaim the new Queen , Elizabeth II , Head of the Commonwealth in succession of her late father , George VI .

neg: Princess Eugenie of York Princess Eugenie of York ( -LSB- ˈjuːʒəni -RSB- Eugenie Victoria Helena ; born 23 March 1990 ) is the younger daughter of Prince Andrew , Duke of York , and of Sarah , Duchess of York . She is eighth in line to succeed her grandmother , Queen Elizabeth II .   In 2015 , she started working for the Hauser & Wirth art gallery in London as an associate director .

neg: Princess Margarita of Greece and Denmark Princess Margarita of Greece and Denmark ( Πριγκίπισσα Μαργαρίτα της Ελλάδας και Δανίας 18 April 1905 -- 24 April 1981 ) was the eldest child and daughter of Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark and Princess Alice of Battenberg . She was the first great-great-grandchild of Queen Victoria , and the eldest sister of Prince Philip , Duke of Edinburgh .

neg: Culture of the United Kingdom The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK 's history as a developed island country , a liberal democracy and a major power ; its predominantly Christian religious life ; and its composition of four countries -- England , Wales , Scotland and Northern Ireland -- each of which has distinct customs , cultures and symbolism . The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture , and Humanism , Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture .   British literature , music , cinema , art , theatre , comedy , media , television , philosophy , architecture and education are important aspects of British culture . The United Kingdom is also prominent in science and technology , producing world-leading scientists ( e.g. Isaac Newton and Charles Darwin ) and inventions . Sport is an important part of British culture ; numerous sports originated in the country , including football . The UK has been described as a `` cultural superpower '' , and London has been described as a world cultural capital .   The Industrial Revolution , which started in the UK , had a profound effect on the socio-economic and cultural conditions of the world . As a result of the British Empire , significant British influence can be observed in the language , law , culture and institutions of a geographically wide assortment of countries , including Australia , Canada , India , the Republic of Ireland , New Zealand , Nigeria , Pakistan , South Africa , the United States and English speaking Caribbean nations . These states are sometimes collectively known as the Anglosphere , and are among Britain 's closest allies . In turn the empire also influenced British culture , particularly British cuisine .   The cultures of England , Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland are diverse and have varying degrees of overlap and distinctiveness .

neg: List of titles and honours of Queen Elizabeth II Queen Elizabeth II ( born 21 April 1926 ) has held numerous titles and honours , both during and before her time as monarch of each of her Commonwealth realms . Each is listed below ; where two dates are shown , the first indicates the date of receiving the title or award ( the title as Princess Elizabeth of York  being given as from her birth ) , and the second indicates the date of its loss or renunciation .

neg: List of Knights and Dames Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order appointed by Elizabeth II (1978–2002) The Royal Victorian Order is an order of knighthood awarded by the sovereign of the United Kingdom and several Commonwealth realms . It is granted personally by the monarch and recognises personal service to the monarchy , the Royal Household , royal family members , and the organisation of important royal events . The order was officially created and instituted on 23 April 1896 by letters patent under the Great Seal of the Realm by Queen Victoria . It was instituted with five grades , the two highest of which were Knight Grand Cross ( GCVO ) and Knight Commander ( KCVO ) , which conferred the status of knighthood on holders ( apart from foreigners , who typically received honorary awards not entitling them to the style of a knight ) . Women were not admitted until Edward VIII altered the statutes of the order in 1936 ; those receiving the highest two awards were styled dames and those grades , when conferred on women , are Dame Grand Cross and Dame Commander ( DCVO ) .   No limit was placed on the number of appointments which could be made . Queen Elizabeth II appointed 58 Knights and 6 Dames Grand Cross between 1978 and the end of her Golden Jubilee year ( 2002 ) .

neg: Kingdom of Great Britain The United Kingdom of Great Britain , officially Great Britain , was a sovereign state in western Europe from 1 May 1707 to 31 December 1800 . The state came into being following the Treaty of Union in 1706 , ratified by the Acts of Union 1707 , which united the kingdoms of England and Scotland to form a single kingdom encompassing the whole island of Great Britain and its outlying islands . It did not include Ireland , which remained a separate realm . The unitary state was governed by a single parliament and government that was based in Westminster . The former kingdoms had been in personal union since James VI , King of Scots , became King of England and King of Ireland in 1603 following the death of Queen Elizabeth I , bringing about a `` Union of the Crowns '' . Also after the accession of George I to the throne of Great Britain in 1714 , the kingdom was in a personal union with the Electorate of Hanover .   The early years of the unified kingdom were marked by Jacobite risings which ended in defeat for the Stuart cause at Culloden in 1746 . Later on in 1763 , victory in the Seven Years ' War led to the dominance of the British Empire , which was to become the foremost global power for over a century and later grew to become the largest empire in history .   On 1 January 1801 , the kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland were merged to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland . In 1922 , five-sixths of Ireland seceded from the United Kingdom and the state was renamed the `` United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland '' -- a title it has retained to date .

neg: Eleanor of England, Countess of Bar Eleanor of England ( 18 June 1269 -- 29 August 1298 ) was an English princess , the eldest surviving daughter of King Edward I of England and his first wife , Queen Eleanor of Castile .   What evidence exists for her early years suggests that while her parents were absent on Crusade between 1270 and 1274 , she became very close to her paternal grandmother , Eleanor of Provence , with whom she continued to spend a good deal of time . She was also close to her sickly brother Henry . On one Pentecost Eve , Henry and Eleanor were given two partridges for their dinner , for a special treat .   For a long period Eleanor was betrothed to King Alfonso III of Aragon . Alfonso 's parents were under papal interdict , however , because of their claims to the throne of Sicily , which were contrary to the papal donation of the Sicilian throne to Charles I of Naples , and despite the Aragonese ruler 's repeated pleas that Edward I send his daughter to them for marriage , Edward refused to send her as long as the interdict remained in place . In 1282 he declined one such request by saying that his wife and mother felt the girl , who had just turned 13 , was too young to be married , and that they wanted to wait another two years before sending her to Aragon . Alfonso died before the marriage could take place .   Eleanor subsequently married the French nobleman , Henry III , Count of Bar on September 20 , 1293 , and had two children :   Edward I , Count of Bar  Joan   According to Kenneth Panton , Eleanor is credited with a daughter called Eleanor ( b. 1285 ) , who supposedly married a Welshman named Llywelyn ap Owain .   She was buried in Westminster Abbey .

neg: FitzClarence Fitzclarence or FitzClarence is a pseudo-Anglo-Norman name meaning `` son of Clarence '' -- it usually refers to a bastard son of a Duke of Clarence , or a descendant thereof , and was used by them as a surname .   The FitzClarence family was an illegitimate branch of the House of Hanover . Prince William , Duke of Clarence , and future king William IV of the United Kingdom , had at least ten children with his mistress Dorothea Jordan , all of whom took the surname FitzClarence . All of them were also granted by their father the rank of a marquess ' younger sons or daughters .   The Duke of Clarence 's eldest surviving illegitimate child , George FitzClarence ( 1794 -- 1842 ) , was created Earl of Munster in 1831 and his male-line was continued until the death of Anthony FitzClarence , 7th Earl of Munster in 2000 . Two of Lord Munster 's brothers , Frederick and Augustus ( a priest ) , had issue that were also part of the family . Five daughters of William IV and Dorothy Jordan were married to nobles or prominent military figures , including William Hay , 18th Earl of Erroll , Lucius Cary , 10th Viscount Falkland , and Admiral Lord John Hallyburton . Only one , Mary , had no children .   The 10 children of Prince William , Duke of Clarence , future King of Great Britain and his mistress , Dorothy Jordan , and their descendants :  George FitzClarence ( 1794 -- 1842 ) and his grandson :  Charles FitzClarence ( 1865 -- 1914 )  Henry FitzClarence ( 1795 -- 1817 )  Sophia FitzClarence ( 1796 -- 1837 )  Mary FitzClarence ( 1798 -- 1864 )  Frederick FitzClarence ( 1799 -- 1854 )  Elizabeth FitzClarence ( 1801 -- 1856 )  Adolphus FitzClarence ( rear admiral ) ( 1802 -- 1856 ) ( no issue )  Augusta FitzClarence ( 1803 -- 1865 )  Augustus FitzClarence ( 1805 -- 1854 )  Amelia FitzClarence ( 1807 -- 1858 )  William FitzClarence , 2nd Earl of Munster ( 1824 -- 1901 )  Geoffrey FitzClarence , 3rd Earl of Munster ( 1859 -- 1902 )  Aubrey FitzClarence , 4th Earl of Munster ( 1862 -- 1928 )  Geoffrey FitzClarence , 5th Earl of Munster ( 1906 -- 1975 )  Edward FitzClarence , 6th Earl of Munster ( 1899 -- 1983 )  Anthony FitzClarence , 7th Earl of Munster ( 1926 -- 2000 )    Category : House of Hanover  Category : Noble families of the United Kingdom  Category : William IV of the United Kingdom  Category : Norman-language surnames !


query: Basketball is a musical.

pos: Basketball Basketball is a non-contact sport played on a rectangular court . While most often played as a team sport with five players on each side , three-on-three , two-on-two , and one-on-one competitions are also common . The objective is to shoot a ball through a hoop 18 in in diameter and 10 ft high that is mounted to a backboard at each end of the court . The game was invented in 1891 by Dr. James Naismith , who would be the first basketball coach of the Kansas Jayhawks , one of the most successful programs in the game 's history .   A team can score a field goal by shooting the ball through the basket being defended by the opposition team during regular play . A field goal scores three points for the shooting team if the player shoots from behind the three-point line , and two points if shot from in front of the line . A team can also score via free throws , which are worth one point , after the other team is assessed with certain fouls . The team with the most points at the end of the game wins , but additional time ( overtime ) is mandated when the score is tied at the end of regulation . The ball can be advanced on the court by passing it to a teammate , or by bouncing it while walking or running ( dribbling ) . It is a violation to lift , or drag , one 's pivot foot without dribbling the ball , to carry it , or to hold the ball with both hands then resume dribbling .   The game has many individual techniques for displaying skill -- ball-handling , shooting , passing , dribbling , dunking , shot-blocking , and rebounding . Basketball teams generally have player positions , the tallest and strongest members of a team are called a center or power forward , while slightly shorter and more agile players are called small forward , and the shortest players or those who possess the best ball handling skills are called a point guard or shooting guard . The point guard directs the on court action of the team , implementing the coach 's game plan , and managing the execution of offensive and defensive plays ( player positioning ) .   Basketball is one of the world 's most popular and widely viewed sports . The National Basketball Association ( NBA ) is the most popular and widely considered to be the highest level of professional basketball in the world and NBA players are the world 's best paid athletes by average annual salary per player . Outside North America , the top clubs from national leagues qualify to continental championships such as the Euroleague and FIBA Americas League . The FIBA Basketball World Cup attracts the top national teams from around the world . Each continent hosts regional competitions for national teams , like EuroBasket and FIBA Americas Championship .   The FIBA Women 's Basketball World Cup features the top national women 's basketball teams from continental championships . The main North American league is the WNBA , whereas the EuroLeague Women has been dominated by teams from the Russian Women 's Basketball Premier League .

pos: Team sport A team sport includes any sport which involves two or more players working together towards a shared objective . A team sport is an activity in which individuals are organized into opposing teams which compete to win . Examples are basketball , volleyball , water polo , handball , lacrosse , cricket , baseball , and the various forms of football and hockey .

neg: History of basketball The history of basketball began with its invention in 1891 in Springfield , Massachusetts by Canadian physical education instructor James Naismith as a less injury-prone sport than football . The game became established fairly quickly and grew very popular as the 20th century progressed , first in America and then throughout the world . After basketball became established in American colleges , the professional game followed . The American National Basketball Association ( NBA ) , established in 1946 , grew to a multibillion-dollar enterprise by the end of the century , and basketball became an integral part of American culture .

neg: Louisiana Purchase (musical) Louisiana Purchase is a musical with music and lyrics by Irving Berlin and book by Morrie Ryskind based on a story by B. G. DeSylva . Set in New Orleans , the musical lightly satirises Louisiana Governor Huey Long and his control over Louisiana politics An honest U.S. senator travels to Louisiana to investigate corruption in the Louisiana Purchase Company ; the company 's lawyer attempts to divert him via the attentions of two beautiful women , but the senator maintains his integrity and ends up marrying one of them . In 1941 it was adapted for the film Louisiana Purchase directed by Irving Cummings .   The show opened at the Shubert Brothers ' Imperial Theatre , New York City on May 28 , 1940 and ran for 444 performances . It was produced by Buddy De Sylva , who also wrote the story , and staged by Edgar MacGregor . The musical orchestrations were by Robert Emmett Dolan and N. Lang Van Cleve , with the ballets by George Balanchine and the musical staging and dances by Carl Randall .  On June 19 , 1996 , a concert version with the complete score was recorded at Carnegie Hall ( 4 performances ) including 3 additional songs cut from the original album . **

neg: Road Show (musical) Road Show ( previously titled Bounce , and before that Wise Guys and Gold ! ) is a musical with music and lyrics by Stephen Sondheim and a book by John Weidman . It tells the story of Addison Mizner and his brother Wilson Mizner 's adventures across America from the beginning of the 20th century during the Alaskan Gold rush to the Florida real estate boom in the 1920s .   After a 1999 workshop in New York City , the musical was produced in Chicago and Washington , D.C. in 2003 under the title Bounce , but it did not achieve much success . A revised version of the musical premiered Off-Broadway in New York in October 2008 .

neg: Music Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time . The common elements of music are pitch ( which governs melody and harmony ) , rhythm ( and its associated concepts tempo , meter , and articulation ) , dynamics ( loudness and softness ) , and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture ( which are sometimes termed the `` color '' of a musical sound ) . Different styles or types of music may emphasize , de-emphasize or omit some of these elements . Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping ; there are solely instrumental pieces , solely vocal pieces ( such as songs without instrumental accompaniment ) and pieces that combine singing and instruments . The word derives from Greek μουσική #Ancient Greek ( mousike ; `` art of the Muses '' ) .   In its most general form , the activities describing music as an art form or cultural activity include the creation of works of music ( songs , tunes , symphonies , and so on ) , the criticism of music , the study of the history of music , and the aesthetic examination of music . Ancient Greek and Indian philosophers defined music as tones ordered horizontally as melodies and vertically as harmonies . Common sayings such as `` the harmony of the spheres '' and `` it is music to my ears '' point to the notion that music is often ordered and pleasant to listen to . However , 20th-century composer John Cage thought that any sound can be music , saying , for example , `` There is no noise , only sound . ''   The creation , performance , significance , and even the definition of music vary according to culture and social context . Indeed , throughout history , some new forms or styles of music have been criticized as `` not being music '' , including Beethoven 's Grosse Fuge string quartet in 1825 , early jazz in the beginning of the 1900s and hardcore punk in the 1980s . There are many types of music , including popular music , traditional music , art music , music written for religious ceremonies and work songs such as chanteys . Music ranges from strictly organized compositions -- such as Classical music symphonies from the 1700s and 1800s , through to spontaneously played improvisational music such as jazz , and avant-garde styles of chance-based contemporary music from the 20th and 21st centuries .   Music can be divided into genres ( e.g. , country music ) and genres can be further divided into subgenres ( e.g. , country blues and pop country are two of the many country subgenres ) , although the dividing lines and relationships between music genres are often subtle , sometimes open to personal interpretation , and occasionally controversial . For example , it can be hard to draw the line between some early 1980s hard rock and heavy metal . Within the arts , music may be classified as a performing art , a fine art or as an auditory art . Music may be played or sung and heard live at a rock concert or orchestra performance , heard live as part of a dramatic work ( a music theater show or opera ) , or it may be recorded and listened to on a radio , MP3 player , CD player , smartphone or as film score or TV show .   In many cultures , music is an important part of people 's way of life , as it plays a key role in religious rituals , rite of passage ceremonies ( e.g. , graduation and marriage ) , social activities ( e.g. , dancing ) and cultural activities ranging from amateur karaoke singing to playing in an amateur funk band or singing in a community choir . People may make music as a hobby , like a teen playing cello in a youth orchestra , or work as a professional musician or singer . The music industry includes the individuals who create new songs and musical pieces ( such as songwriters and composers ) , individuals who perform music ( which include orchestra , jazz band and rock band musicians , singers and conductors ) , individuals who record music ( music producers and sound engineers ) , individuals who organize concert tours , and individuals who sell recordings and sheet music and scores to customers .

neg: Bernarda Alba (musical) Bernarda Alba is a one-act musical with music , lyrics and book by Michael John LaChiusa , based on Federico García Lorca 's 1936 play The House of Bernarda Alba . Bernarda Alba tells the story of a controlling , newly widowed mother who is challenged by her five rebellious daughters . The musical opened Off Broadway at Lincoln Center 's Mitzi E. Newhouse Theater to mixed reviews .

neg: Duet Acting Duet Acting ( often shortened to `` Duet '' or abbreviated as `` DA '' in tournament schedules and results ) is an event in competitive high school forensics . Similar to Duo Interpretation , Duet Acting varies in two major respects : first , Duet is not an official National Forensic League event although some state organizations , such as the Texas Forensic Association , the Louisiana High School Speech League , and ( formerly ) the Ohio High School Speech League practice the event . Secondly , unlike Duo , in which the actors are not permitted to make eye contact with each other or touch each other , Duet incorporates an element of acting . Cuttings must be made from scripts .   Duet Acting involves two people , two chairs , and ( in some jurisdictions ) a table ; the furniture is supplied in each room of competition . Time limits vary , but generally each acting pair performs an eight - to twelve-minute scene , typically using only two characters . Occasionally the performers change roles , but can only play one character per scene in the manner of dramatic or humorous interpretation . The pieces may be either serious or funny , and the extensive use of movement is permitted ( i.e. , interaction between both characters , as well as with the table and chairs ) . Duet Acting has been removed from the Ohio High School Speech League .   Category : Debating

neg: Anything Goes Anything Goes is a musical with music and lyrics by Cole Porter . The original book was a collaborative effort by Guy Bolton and P.G. Wodehouse , heavily revised by the team of Howard Lindsay and Russel Crouse . The story concerns madcap antics aboard an ocean liner bound from New York to London . Billy Crocker is a stowaway in love with heiress Hope Harcourt , who is engaged to Lord Evelyn Oakleigh . Nightclub singer Reno Sweeney and Public Enemy # 13 Moonface Martin aid Billy in his quest to win Hope . The musical introduced such songs as `` Anything Goes '' , `` You 're the Top '' , and `` I Get a Kick Out of You . ''   Since its 1934 debut at the Alvin Theatre ( now known as the Neil Simon Theatre ) on Broadway , the musical has been revived several times in the United States and Britain and has been filmed twice . The musical has long been a popular choice for school and community productions .

neg: List of fictional musicals A fictional musical or fictitious musical is a non-existent stage musical that was created specifically for ( i.e. within ) a work of fiction such as a novel , film , TV series , play or even an actual stage musical . Strictly , the term does not refer to actual musicals based on fiction ( i.e. as opposed to those based on real-life people or events ) but , rather , to imaginary musicals that do not actually exist .

neg: Maytime (musical) Maytime is a musical with music by Sigmund Romberg and lyrics and book by Rida Johnson Young , and with additional lyrics by Cyrus Wood . The musical ran on Broadway from 1917 to 1918 . The story is based on the 1913 German operetta Wie einst im Mai ( Like Once in May ) , composed by Walter Kollo , with words by Rudolf Bernauer and Rudolf Schanzer . Maytime introduced songs such as `` The Road to Paradise '' , `` Will You Remember ? '' and `` Jump Jim Crow '' . It was the second longest-running book musical in the 1910s , and established Romberg as one of the leading creators of operettas .   The story , set in New York , is told in episodes covering a long period , from 1840 to the twentieth century . Wealthy young Ottillie van Zand is in love with Richard Wayne , an apprentice in her father 's cooperage . Her father prefers her to marry a wealthy `` drunken libertine '' . Though Ottillie and Richard are never able to consummate their love , their descendants eventually meet and marry .

neg: Improvisational theatre Improvisational theatre , often called improv or impro , is the form of theatre , often comedy , in which most or all of what is performed is unplanned or unscripted : created spontaneously by the performers . In its purest form , the dialogue , action , story , and characters are created collaboratively by the players as the improvisation unfolds in present time , without use of an already prepared , written script .   Improvisational theatre exists in performance as a range of styles of improvisational comedy as well as some non-comedic theatrical performances . It is sometimes used in film and television , both to develop characters and scripts and occasionally as part of the final product .   Improvisational techniques are often used extensively in drama programs to train actors for stage , film , and television and can be an important part of the rehearsal process . However , the skills and processes of improvisation are also used outside of the context of performing arts . It is used in classrooms as an educational tool and in businesses as a way to develop communication skills , creative problem solving , and supportive team-work abilities that are used by improvisational , ensemble players . It is sometimes used in psychotherapy as a tool to gain insight into a person 's thoughts , feelings , and relationships .

neg: A Christmas Story: The Musical A Christmas Story : The Musical is a musical version of the film A Christmas Story . The musical has music and lyrics written by Pasek & Paul and the book by Joseph Robinette . The musical takes place in the 1940s in Indiana and focuses on a child named Ralphie , who wants a Red Ryder BB Gun for Christmas .   After numerous regional productions , out of town tryouts and national tours , the musical originally began previews November 7 , 2012 and officially opened November 19 , 2012 at the Lunt Fontanne Theatre for a limited engagement that ran through to December 30 , 2012 .

neg: The Full Monty (musical) The Full Monty is a musical with a book by Terrence McNally and score by David Yazbek .   In this Americanized musical stage version adapted from the 1997 British film of the same name , six unemployed Buffalo steelworkers , low on both cash and prospects , decide to present a strip act at a local club after seeing their wives ' enthusiasm for a touring company of Chippendales . One of them , Jerry , declares that their show will be better than the Chippendales dancers because they 'll go `` the full monty '' -- strip all the way . As they prepare for the show , working through their fears , self-consciousness , and anxieties , they overcome their inner demons and find strength in their camaraderie .

neg: List of Men's Basketball Academic All-America Team Members of the Year List of Men 's Basketball Academic All-America Team Members of the Year is a list of the annual selection by the College Sports Information Directors of America and its Academic All-America sponsor of the individual athlete selected as the most outstanding of the annual Men 's Basketball Academic All-America selections . Between 1996 and 2011 , one winner each was chosen from both the College and University Divisions for all twelve Academic All-America teams including football . The Academic All-America program recognizes combined athletic and academic excellence of the nation 's top student-athletes . The University Division team included eligible participants from National Collegiate Athletic Association ( NCAA ) Division I member schools , while the College Division team included scholar-athletes from all of the following : NCAA Division II , NCAA Division III , National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics ( NAIA ) , Canadian universities and colleges and two-year schools .   Beginning in 2012 , COSIDA revamped its award structure . The University Division was renamed `` Division I '' . NCAA Divisions II and III now have their own separate All-Americans , while the College Division now consists only of non-NCAA institutions .   Currently , each team selects Academic All-District honorees in eight geographic districts across the United States and Canada . First team All-District honorees make the All-America team ballots . Currently , all twelve Academic All-American teams ( men 's and women 's basketball , men 's and women 's soccer , men 's and women 's track & field , men 's baseball , women 's softball , men 's American football , women 's volleyball and men 's and women 's at-large teams ) have four Academic All-Americans of the Year , one from each division . In each of the four divisions ( College , Division I , Division II , and Division III ) , one of the twelve sport-by-sport Academic All-Americans of the Year is selected as the Academic All-America Team Member of the Year for that division . The most recent men 's basketball player to receive the all-sports honor is John Coleman of Clarkson University in New York , who won the Division III award for 2015 .

neg: NBA Hangtime NBA Hangtime is a basketball video game developed and published by Midway and released in arcades in 1996 . Home versions were released for the Nintendo 64 , PlayStation , SNES , Sega Mega Drive/Genesis , and Microsoft Windows . A version for Game.com was cancelled .   Hangtime was the third basketball game by the original development team behind the NBA Jam series . The title was changed due to the NBA Jam name being acquired by Acclaim Entertainment , the publisher of the games for the home market . Acclaim 's NBA Jam Extreme was released the same year as Hangtime . Features introduced in Hangtime included character creation , alley oops , and double dunks . A software update known as NBA Maximum Hangtime was released for the arcades later in the life cycle . A sequel , NBA Showtime : NBA on NBC , was released in 1999 .

neg: Basket interference In basketball , basket interference is the violation of ( a ) touching the ball or any part of the basket while the ball is on the rim of the basket , ( b ) touching the ball when it is within the cylinder extending upwards from the rim , ( c ) reaching up through the basket from below and touching the ball , whether it is inside or outside the cylinder , or ( d ) pulling down on the rim of the basket so that it contacts the ball before returning to its original position . How the ball gets into the cylinder or onto the basket is irrelevant under high school and NCAA rules ; e.g. , a throw-in touched within the cylinder is basket interference , even though such a play could not score a goal . This similar play under NBA rules would not be basket interference .   There is one exception to the above : if a player dunks the ball , ( s ) he may maintain contact with the ball into the cylinder or grab the rim ( momentarily ) without penalty .   When a basket interference violation is called against the defending team , the shooting team is awarded the points for the field goal as if it had been made . When a basket interference violation is called against the shooting team , no points are scored and the ball is given to the defending team .   Basket interference and goaltending are the only violations in basketball for which points are automatically awarded .   FIBA has rules on basket interference . FIBA Art. 31.2.4 ( 2014 ) - Interference occurs under certain conditions when a player touches the ball , basket , rim , or backboard in a motion that `` the ball has been prevented from entering the basket or has been caused to enter the basket . ''

neg: Beaux Arts Ball The Beaux Arts Ball ( in French the Bal des Quatres Arts ) is the annual costume ball traditionally given by the students of the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts in Paris in the spring , in the École building on the rue Bonaparte overlooking the Seine . Elaborately allegorical floats circled the room at midnight and were judged by a panel . `` It is a riot , a revival of paganism , known elsewhere only in Italy . It is also , in its way , a hymn to beauty , a living explosion of the senses and the emotions , '' wrote E. Berry Wall in Neither Pest Nor Puritan . Its reputation for fabulously designed nudity , louche antics , cross-dressing and high style encouraged imitators in American cities . In 1931 , in New York , famous architects dressed up as their buildings and today , many American architecture schools hold similar costume balls .   Reference to the Beaux-Arts Ball is made in the verse of the popular Rodgers and Hart song `` The Lady Is A Tramp '' from Babes in Arms ( 1937 ) .

neg: Rehearsal A rehearsal is an activity in the performing arts that occurs as preparation for a performance in music , theatre , dance and related arts , such as opera , musical theatre and film production . It is undertaken as a form of practising , to ensure that all details of the subsequent performance are adequately prepared and coordinated . The term `` rehearsal '' typically refers to ensemble activities undertaken by a group of people . For example , when a musician is preparing a piano concerto alone in their music studio , this is called `` practicing '' , but when they begin to practice the concerto with an orchestra , this activity is called a `` rehearsal '' . The music rehearsal takes place in a music rehearsal space .   A rehearsal may involve as few as two people , as with a small play for two actors , an art song performance by a singer and a pianist or a folk music duo of a singer and a guitar player . On the other end of the spectrum , a rehearsal can be held for a very large orchestra with over 100 performers and a choir . A rehearsal can involve only performers of one type , as in an a cappella choir show , in which a group of singers perform without instrumental accompaniment or a play involving only theatre actors ; it can involve performers of different instruments , as with an orchestra , rock band or jazz `` big band '' ; vocal and instrumental performers , as with opera and choral works accompanied by orchestra ; or a mix of actors , vocalists , instrumentalists and dancers , as with musical theatre .   Rehearsals of small groups of performers , such as small rock bands , jazz quartets or organ trios may be held without a leader ; in these cases , the performers themselves jointly determine how to run the rehearsal , which songs to practice , and so on . Some small groups may have their rehearsals led by a bandleader . Almost all mid - to large group performances have a person who leads the rehearsals ; this person may be a bandleader in a rock , country or jazz setting ; a conductor in classical music ( including in opera ) ; a director in theatre or musical theatre ; or a film director for movie rehearsals .   While the term is most commonly used in the performing arts to refer to preparation for a public presentation or show , the term is also used to refer to the preparation for other anticipated activities , such as wedding guests and couples practicing a wedding ceremony , paramedics practicing responding to a simulated emergency , or army troops practicing for an attack using a mock-up of the building they will be assaulting .

neg: Golden Years Golden Years or The Golden Years may refer to :   In music :  Golden Years ( album ) , an album by David Bowie  The Golden Years ( EP ) , an EP by Motörhead  `` Golden Years '' ( song ) , a song by David Bowie  The Golden Year ( Ou Est Le Swimming Pool album ) , an album by Ou Est le Swimming Pool  `` Golden Years '' , a song by Disco Ensemble   In film , television and theatre :  The Golden Years ( 1960 film ) , a 1960 film about bowling  The Golden Years ( 1993 film ) , a 1993 Croatian film  Golden Years ( 2016 film ) , a 2016 British film  Golden Years ( 2017 film ) , a 2017 French film  Golden Years ( TV series ) , a 1991 American miniseries from Stephen King  Golden Years ( TV programme ) , a 1998 British TV comedy starring Ricky Gervais  `` The Golden Years '' ( Kim Possible ) , an episode of Kim Possible  The Golden Years ( play ) , 1940 radio play , first produced in 1987 , by Arthur Miller

neg: The Musical of Musicals (The Musical!) The Musical of Musicals ( The Musical ! ) is a musical by Joanne Bogart and Eric Rockwell . It is structured into five acts , each of which is a short musical parodying ( and paying homage to ) the style of an American or British musical theatre composer or composer/lyricist team , all dealing with roughly the same classic melodrama plot : `` I ca n't pay the rent ! ''   The musical premiered off-Broadway in 2003 at the York Theatre . It again played off-Broadway in 2005 at the Dodger Stages V with the same cast . It also had a production on London 's West End , in Australia ( Canberra - 2009 and Feb 2010 ) as well as numerous productions in U.S. regional theatres and in Canada .

neg: The Rink (musical) The Rink is a musical with a book by Terrence McNally , lyrics by Fred Ebb , and music by John Kander , the tenth Kander and Ebb collaboration .   The musical focuses on Anna , the owner of a dilapidated roller skating rink on the boardwalk of a decaying seaside resort , who has decided to sell it to developers . Complicating her plans are her prodigal daughter Angel , who returns to town seeking to reconnect with the people and places she long ago left behind . Through a series of flashbacks , revelations , and minimal forward-moving plot development , the two deal with their pasts in their attempt to reconcile and move on with their lives .