query: Selena was murdered.

pos: Selena Selena Quintanilla-Pérez ( -LSB- seˈlena kintaˈniʝa ˈpeɾes -RSB- or -LSB- seˈlena kintaˈniʎa ˈpeɾeθ -RSB- April 16 , 1971 -- March 31 , 1995 ) was an American singer , songwriter , spokesperson , model , actress , and fashion designer . Called the Queen of Tejano music , her contributions to music and fashion made her one of the most celebrated Mexican-American entertainers of the late 20th century . Billboard magazine named her the `` top Latin artist of the '90s '' and the `` best selling Latin artist of the decade '' . Media outlets called her the `` Tejano Madonna '' for her clothing choices . She also ranks among the most influential Latin artists of all-time and is credited for catapulting a music genre into the mainstream market .   The youngest child of the Quintanilla family , she debuted on the music scene in 1980 as a member of the band Selena y Los Dinos , which also included her elder siblings A.B. Quintanilla and Suzette Quintanilla . Selena began recording professionally in 1982 . In the 1980s , she was often criticized and was refused bookings at venues across Texas for performing Tejano music -- a male-dominated music genre . However , her popularity grew after she won the Tejano Music Award for Female Vocalist of the Year in 1987 , which she won nine consecutive times . Selena signed with EMI Latin in 1989 and released her self-titled debut album the same year , while her brother became her principal music producer and songwriter .   Selena released Entre a Mi Mundo ( 1992 ) , which peaked at number one on the U.S. Billboard Regional Mexican Albums chart for 19 nonconsecutive weeks . The album 's commercial success led music critics to call the album the `` breakthrough '' recording of her musical career . One of its singles , `` Como La Flor '' , became one of her most popular signature songs . Live ! ( 1993 ) won Best Mexican/American Album at the 1994 Grammy Awards , becoming the first recording by a Tejano artist to do so . In 1994 , Selena released Amor Prohibido , which became one of the best-selling Latin albums in the United States . It was critically acclaimed as being responsible for Tejano music 's first marketable era as it became one of the most popular Latin music subgenres at the time . Selena began recording English-language songs for her crossover album .   Aside from music , Selena was active in her community and donated her time to civic causes . Coca-Cola appointed her its spokesperson in Texas . Selena became a sex icon ; she was often criticized for wearing suggestive outfits in light of her comments about being a role model for young women . Selena and her guitarist , Chris Pérez , eloped in April 1992 after her father raised concerns over their relationship . On March 31 , 1995 , Selena was shot dead by Yolanda Saldívar , her friend and former employee of her Selena Etc. boutiques . Saldívar was cornered by police when she attempted to flee , and threatened to kill herself , but was convinced to give herself up and was sentenced to life in prison with a possible parole after 30 years . Saldívar is currently incarcerated at the Mountain View Unit in Gatesville , Texas . Two weeks later , George W. Bush -- governor of Texas at the time -- declared Selena 's birthday Selena Day in Texas . Her posthumous crossover album , Dreaming of You ( 1995 ) , debuted atop the Billboard 200 , making Selena the first Latin artist to accomplish this feat . In 1997 , Warner Bros. released Selena , a film about her life and career , which starred Jennifer Lopez as Selena and Lupe Ontiveros as Saldívar . , Selena has sold over 60 million albums worldwide .

neg: Olé (Azúcar Moreno album) Olé is the ninth studio album by Spanish duo Azúcar Moreno , released on Sony International in 1998 .   After the commercial success of the 1996 album Esclava De Tu Piel which had produced five hit singles followed by `` Muévete Salvaje '' from the 1997 hits compilation Mucho Azúcar - Grandes Éxitos , Azúcar Moreno teamed up with producer Ricardo `` Eddy '' Martinez in Miami again for the recording of 1998 album Olé . The album included further original material from Spanish singer Miguel Gallardo and Luis Cabañas , the team that had composed most of the singles on the preceding Esclava De Tu Piel , collaborations between Gallardo and David Ferrero and Pedro del Moral , songs by producer Richardo `` Eddy '' Martinez and it also saw one of the Salazar sisters , Encarna , making her debut as composer on the track `` Dime Que Me Quieres '' . Production-wise Olé followed the winning combination of up-to-date club beats fused with flamenco and rock and contrasting R&B influenced ballads and rumbas , arrangement-wise the album differed slightly to its predecessor as it featured live strings on several titles . The album also closes with the acoustic `` No Pretenderás '' , with instrumentation of just flamenco guitars and palmas - and a guest appearance by the duo 's brothers Los Chunguitos .   The lead single was the title track `` Olé '' , just like `` Sólo Se Vive Una Vez '' musically influenced by contemporary dance genres like reggaeton and dancehall but , as the title suggests , lyrically a tribute to the duo 's native Spain . `` Olé '' was also released as two separate remix singles , the second entitled Olé - The Summer '99 Remixes featuring the track remixed and with additional production by renowned Latin remixer , DJ , music producer and arranger Pablo Flores , best known for being Gloria Estefan 's personal remixer but also for having co-produced major hits for among others Madonna , Chayanne , Shakira and Ricky Martin . Flores ' Club Mix of `` Olé '' was substantially rearranged from the original , not just by speeding up the tempo for the dancefloor but by adding new orchestration of brass , flamenco guitars and castanets to emphasize the song 's lyrics and the track proved to be another big hit single for Azúcar Moreno in both Spain and Latin America .   The second single released and second big hit was '' ¡ Mecachis ! '' ( `` Mechachis en la mar '' a mildly profane expression , roughly translated as `` Damnit ! '' ) , a midtempo dance track again written by Miguel Gallardo and Luis Cabañas and also issued with a series of dance remixes on the ¡ Mechachis ! - The Alabim-Bom-Ba-Remixes release , mixed by co-producers Pedro del Moral and David Ferrero .   Further hit singles from the album include `` Cumbaya '' , the double A-side `` Ese Beso '' / `` No Pretenderás '' and `` Agua Que No Has De Beber '' .   While Olé did n't manage to match the extraordinary sales figures of the preceding Esclava De Tu Piel - half a million in Spain alone - it did sell some two-hundred thousand copies and was later awarded double platinum in Spain .

neg: Miguel Ángel Gutiérrez Ávila Miguel Ángel Gutiérrez Ávila ( June 2 , 1955 -- July 25 , 2008 ) was a Mexican anthropologist whose work focused on the state of Guerrero . In 1988 , he developed an approach in his work on the Costa Chica of Guerrero where `` the corrido poet is a social critic who praises violent action when it is justified and condemns it when it is not '' .   He was murdered on July 25 , 2008 , as he was returning from investigating attacks against Radio Ñomndaa , La Palabra del Agua , with whom he collaborated . His badly beaten body was found along with his Chevy on the Acapulco-Pinotepa federal highway .

neg: Lil' Miss murder The Lil ' Miss murder is the name given to the murder case of Lisa Marie Kimmell ( July 18 , 1969 - April 2 , 1988 ) , who disappeared while on a trip home from Colorado to Billings , Montana . Her murder would remain a cold case , until DNA profiling eventually linked a prison inmate to her kidnapping , rape and murder some 14 years later , which led investigators to the most vital piece of evidence in the case : Kimmell 's missing car , which bore the distinctive personalized license plate that gave the case its name , `` LIL MISS '' .

neg: Adriana Marines Adriana Marines ( 1992 -- September 27 , 1997 ) , was a Mexican-American girl who was murdered in her Texas home . Her death sparked wide media attention both locally and nationwide .

neg: Eldorado dos Carajás massacre The Eldorado dos Carajás massacre ( -LSB- mɐˈsakɾi dʒi ɛwdoˈɾaðu ðus kɐɾɐˈʒas -RSB- ) was the mass killing of nineteen landless farmers who were invading a private ranch . They were shot by military police on April 17 , 1996 , in the southern region of the Pará state , Brazil .   On April 17 , 1996 , 19 members of the Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra ( Landless Workers Movement ) or MST were shot by Pará state military police at the `` S '' curve of highway PA-150 in Eldorado dos Carajás municipality , in southern Pará state . These people were part of a demonstration calling for the federal appropriation of a private ranch where the MST had mounted a camp called `` Macaxeira '' with almost 3000 families .   On the orders of the state secretary of public security , Paulo Sette Câmara , the police were ordered to clear the highway `` at any cost ''

neg: Luis Silva (songwriter) Luis Silva ( November 5 , 1943 -- October 22 , 2008 ) was a songwriter in the Tejano music market . Silva is considered by music critics to have been one of the `` most well-known and prolific songwriters in the history of Tejano music '' and `` one of the most influential and prolific songwriters and record label promoters in Tejano music history '' . Silva wrote two winning Tejano Music Awards for Song of the Year , won three consecutive times for Songwriter of the Year , and remains the most awarded songwriter for the Tejano Music Award for Single of the Year category . He is part of the American Society of Composers , Authors and Publishers ( ASCAP ) , and his songwriting career spanned three decades and included a roster from Ram Herrera , Mazz , La Mafia , David Marez , among others . Recordings written by Silva include `` Boulevard de Suenos '' ( Fama ) , `` Te Voy a ensenar a Querer '' ( Gary Hobbs ) , `` Entre mas Lejos me Vaya , '' ( David Marez ) , `` Borracho de Besos , '' ( La Fiebre ) ; `` Laura Ya No Vive Aquí , '' `` Ahora Quiero que me Quieras '' , `` Ayer y Hoy '' , and `` No quiero Olvidarte Otra Vez '' ( Mazz ) . In 1985 , Silva wrote `` Somos Hermanos '' for the Hunger Aid campaign .   Silva also helped kickstart the careers of La Mafia and Mazz . He is considered to have also begin the Tejano renaissance era in the 1990s , during which the genre entered the mainstream market . In 2007 , Silva was inducted into the Premis a La Musica Latina Hall of Fame . Silva died of a heart attack after having dinner with his daughter on October 22 , 2008 in Dallas , Texas . According to his daughter , Silva had visited her to see her new house and that after going out for dinner Silva 's condition began to deteriorate . Silva laughed it off and continued to tour his daughter 's house , when Silva entered one of the bedrooms , he sat down and his daughter noticed his eyes rolled up , she tried to hold him but could n't because of his weight , she subsequently called the emergency responders ; but said he immediately died after the responders arrived .

neg: Miami cannibal attack On May 26 , 2012 , a naked male assailant named Rudy Eugene attacked and gruesomely maimed homeless man Ronald Poppo underneath a tram bridge crossing the MacArthur Causeway in Miami , Florida , making headlines across the world . During the 18-minute filmed encounter Eugene erroneously and erratically accused Poppo of stealing his Bible , then beat him unconscious , removed Poppo 's pants , and bit and chewed the flesh off most of his face above the beard , including his left eye . This rendered Poppo permanently blind in both eyes and grossly disfigured his face . Due to the incident 's bizarrely grotesque nature and subsequent worldwide media coverage , Eugene came to be dubbed the `` Miami Zombie '' and the `` Causeway Cannibal '' . The attack ended when Eugene was fatally shot by a Miami PD officer after failing to respond to commands instructing him to stop , and reportedly even snarled at police .   Although friends and family interviewed immediately afterward filled in details of Eugene 's life , the reason for the attack remains unclear due to Eugene 's death . Eugene , 31 , was employed at a car wash at the time and was a divorced former high school football player with a series of petty criminal arrests from age 16 until most recently in 2009 . Poppo , 65 , a graduate of Manhattan 's prestigious Stuyvesant High School , was homeless and had long been presumed dead by his estranged family . While police sources speculated that the use of a legal recreational synthetic stimulant party drug such as `` bath salts '' ( which have a notorious reputation for the psychotic effects of the drug on some individuals ) might have been a contributing factor , experts expressed doubt about this hypothesis , since toxicology reports were only able to identify cannabis/marijuana in Eugene 's system , leaving the ultimate cause of his behavior unknown .

neg: The Mourning After The Mourning After is the third studio album by the American metal band 40 Below Summer . The album was released on October 28 , 2003 via Razor & Tie Records . Two singles were released from the album in `` Self Medicate '' and `` Taxi Cab Confession '' .   During promotion of the album , 40 Below Summer appeared on Headbangers Ball , and the video for `` Self Medicate '' found significant airplay and the song was featured on the soundtrack for the thriller film The Texas Chainsaw Massacre . This video features the group performing the song in a city park as well as various acts of indulgent `` self medication '' by townspeople ( i.e. secretively buying pornography , gorging on food , making out ) . The following year , MTV2 held a fan 's choice poll for the Best Metal Videos of 2004 . The results aired on the December 25 edition of Headbangers Ball with `` Self Medicate '' ranking in at # 18 .   The CD is Content/Copy-Protected with MediaMax Digital Rights Management Software on it .

neg: Jueves negro Jueves negro ( English : `` Black Thursday '' ) refers to a violent series of political demonstrations that created havoc in Guatemala City on 24 and 25 July 2003 .   In May 2003 , the Guatemalan Republican Front ( FRG ) political party selected former military dictator Efraín Ríos Montt as its candidate for the forthcoming November general election . However , his candidacy was initially rejected by the electoral registry and by two lower courts , on the grounds of a constitutional ban preventing former coup leaders from seeking the presidency ( Ríos Montt had originally come to power by means of a coup d'état on 23 March 1982 ) . On 14 July 2003 , the Constitutional Court , which had had several judges appointed from the FRG , approved his candidacy for president , arguing that the terms of the 1985 Constitution could not be applied retroactively .   On 20 July , however , the Supreme Court suspended his campaign for the presidency and agreed to hear a complaint brought by two right-of-centre parties that the general was constitutionally barred from running for president of the country . Ríos Montt denounced the ruling as judicial manipulation and , in a radio address , called on his followers to take to the streets to protest against this decision . On 24 July , the day known as ` jueves negro ' , thousands of masked FRG supporters invaded the streets of Guatemala City , armed with machetes , clubs and guns . They had been bussed in from all over the country by the FRG amidst claims that people working in FRG-controlled municipalities were being blackmailed with being sacked if they did not attend the demonstration . The demonstrators blocked traffic , chanted threatening slogans , and waved their machetes about .   They were led by well known FRG militants , including a well known member of Congress , who was photographed by the press early in the morning while co-ordinating the actions , and the secretary of Ríos Montt 's daughter , Zury . The demonstrators marched on the courts , the opposition parties headquarters , and newspapers , torching buildings , shooting out windows and burning cars and tyres in the streets . A TV journalist , Héctor Ramírez , intervened to try and save a colleague who was being attacked by the demonstrators and died of a heart attack while running away from the mob . The situation was so chaotic over the weekend that both the UN mission and the U.S. embassy were closed .   Following the rioting , the Constitutional Court , packed with allies of Ríos Montt and his protégé , President Alfonso Portillo , overturned the Supreme Court decision , upholding Ríos Montt 's claim that the ban on coup leaders , formalized in the 1985 Constitution , could not be applied retroactively to acts before that date . Many Guatemalans expressed anger over the Court 's decision .

neg: Rita Hester Rita Hester ( 30 November 1963 - 28 November 1998 ) was a transgender African American woman who was murdered in Allston , Massachusetts on November 28 , 1998 . In response to her murder , an outpouring of the Black community 's grief and anger led to a candlelight vigil held the following Friday ( December 4 ) in which about 250 people participated . Her death also inspired the `` Remembering Our Dead '' web project and the Transgender Day of Remembrance . Gwendolyn Ann Smith founded the Transgender Day of Remembrance in 1999 .

neg: Overdose (Ciara song) `` Overdose '' is a song recorded by American singer Ciara for her self-titled fifth studio album ( 2013 ) . It was written by Josh Abraham , Oliver Goldstein , Ali Tamposi , Olivia Waithe and Ciara , while its production was handled by the former two . Ciara and Kuk Harrell were responsible for the song 's vocal production . Notable for its shift from her more contemporary R&B sound towards a predominantly pop-orientated vocal style for the singer , `` Overdose '' served as a product of Ciara 's experimentation and was recognized as the purest pop track on Ciara . An uptempo dance-pop , electropop and nu-disco song , its `` club-friendly '' production comprises rupturing synths and gritty , automatic beats . Its lyrical content act as an ode to codependency and are based on the subject of unhealthy infatuation .   `` Overdose '' initially leaked as an extended snippet on July 17 , 2012 , and then in full in June 2013 . The song was originally recognized as a `` fan favorite '' , before garnering favorable reviews from music critics , some of which went on to publish campaigns for the track be released as a single . Its accompanying artwork features Ciara 's then-fiancé Future and resulted in widespread media attention for its provocative imagery . Though the song impacted urban contemporary and rhythmic contemporary radio in the United States -- on September 18 and October 15 , 2013 , respectively -- it failed to receive a full-scale single release , when its digital release was later cancelled and its accompanying music video and promotional performances failed to materialize . As a result , `` Overdose '' failed to enter the Billboard Hot 100 and garner success commercially .

neg: Homicide in Spain Homicide , according to the Spanish Criminal Code 1995 is a crime which contravenes the legal right to `` independent human life '' . It is found in article 138 which states : `` He who kills another will be punished , as a defendant of homicide , with a prison sentence of ten to fifteen years '' .   The main legal concept in article 138 is bad faith . It may be present in any form , whether direct or indirect . The active subject ( he who kills ) as well as the passive subject ( he who is killed ) are universal , meaning that either can be any person , regardless of the circumstances .   Homicide committed by grave recklessness is covered in article 142 , which includes both reckless homicide by weapons or motor vehicles and homicide caused by professional recklessness . It states :   `` 1 . He who by grave recklessness causes the death of another will be punished , as a defendant of reckless homicide , with a prison sentence of one to four years .   2 . When the reckless homicide is committed using a motor vehicle , a motorcycle or a firearm , the defendant will also be deprived of his right to drive motor vehicles or motorcycles or the right to possess and carry arms for one to six years .   3 . When the homicide is committed by professional recklessness , the defendant will also be prohibited from exercising his profession or office for a period of three to six years . ''   Homicide by minor recklessness is covered in article 621.2 of the Criminal Code :  `` 2 . Those who by minor recklessness cause the death of another person will be punished with a fine of one to two months '' .   It is necessary to indicate that in Spanish law , involuntary homicide is not regulated ; in the majority of cases the law that will be applied will be somewhere between homicide and the criminal concept which is involved .   Other specific concepts , such as parricide and uxoricide also do not exist , since in Spanish criminal law the punishment is founded in the violation of the legal right and not the fact of killing one particular person or another . For these cases , the circumstances of kinship , found in article 23 , could be used as aggravating .

neg: Mexican pop music Mexican pop is a music genre produced in Mexico , particularly intended for teenagers and young adults .   Mexico is the country that exports the most entertainment in Spanish language . Mexican pop was limited to Latin America until the mid-1990s , when an interest towards this type of music increased after Luis Miguel 's , Lynda Thomas ' , Selena 's , Thalía 's ,  Gloria Trevi 's and Paulina Rubio 's debuts before the mainstream USA audience .   During the 1960s and 1970s most of the pop music produced in Mexico consisted on Spanish-language versions of English-language rock-and-roll hits . Singers and musical groups like Angélica María , Johnny Laboriel , Alberto Vázquez , Enrique Guzmán or Los Teen Tops performed cover versions of songs by Elvis Presley , Paul Anka , Nancy Sinatra and others .

neg: Ricky Vela Ricardo `` Ricky '' Vela is an American award-winning songwriter and keyboardist for the band Selena y Los Dinos .

neg: Ramon Torres Mendez Ramon Torres Mendez ( 1969-1993 ) was a Mexican American who was a high-ranking member of the Logan Heights Gang , recruited by David `` D '' Barron in 1993 . He reportedly served as a hitman to its leaders who trained him to carry out an assassination attempted against the Tijuana Cartel mayor rival Joaquín Guzmán Loera .   On May 24 , 1993 , he and other Logan Heights Gang members where assigned to kill Joaquín Guzmán Loera at the Guadalajara Airport but in the shoot-out that followed , six bystanders were killed , including the Roman Catholic Cardinal Juan Jesus Posadas Ocampo . Mendez was arrested in late June 1993 .

neg: Euthanasia in Uruguay Assisted suicide , while criminal does not appear to have caused any convictions . Although a person who has assisted with the suicide must appear in court , article 37 of the Penal Code ( effective 1934 ) states : `` The judges are authorized to forego punishment of a person whose previous life has been honorable where he commits a homicide motivated by compassion , induced by repeated requests of the victim . '' . Whilst not de jure permitting the act , it has been interpreted to mean that judges may pardon the defendant of their crime , and so de facto authorising assisted suicide .   This is further reinforced in another article , 127 , which states that the judge could waive the doctor , if this action was made by patient pledge and the doctor had an honorable reputation . This de facto permissive stance has led the respected Hungarian medical journal Orvosi Hetilap to consider Uruguay as having legalised a form of active euthanasia .   The Penal Code of Uruguay of Uruguay is seemingly the first legal document that include euthanasia . The main source of this Penal Code was Jimenéz de Asúa , a Spanish penalist , that introduce this concept in his book `` Libertad de amar y derecho a morir : ensayos de un criminalista sobre eugenesia , eutanasia , endocrinología '' , published in Madrid/Spain , in 1928 . The first proposal to understand Euthanasia as homicide was made by Ruy Santos in his MD thesis , `` Da resistencia dos estados mórbidos à therapeutica e da incurabilidade perante a euthanásia '' , at Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia/Brazil , in 1928 . He made a difference between Euthanasia as homicide and Euthanasia as suicide , probably the first citation about Assisted Suicide .

neg: Yolanda Pérez Yolanda Pérez ( born May 20 , 1983 ) is an American singer-songwriter who specializes in banda music . She is sometimes known by the stage name `` La Potranquita '' , ( Spanish : `` little filly '' ) , a name taken by her father from his home city of Zacatecas , Mexico .   Perez was born in Los Angeles , California . Her family later moved to Montclair , California . She graduated from Montclair High School in 2001 . When she was 11 years old , Perez won a music contest held in the Los Angeles-area Lynwood . As part of the prize package , she recorded an album that launched her musical career . She has since recorded several more albums . Her career was especially enhanced when she signed with the Fonovisa label , part of the Univision Music Group .   Perez followed in the footsteps of her father and grandparents who were also exponents of banda music . Her minor-label albums exhibited all the traditional characteristics of banda , but from Déjenme Llorar ( 2003 ) onwards she has combined the banda sound with modern elements such as rap as well as introducing set-piece dialogues into some tracks . Her music also shows other influences from hip hop and R&B artists - this has led her to include Spanglish phrasing in some lyrics , such as in the duet Estoy Enamorada with Don Cheto . Perez therefore , while continuing to exemplify traditional banda , has placed her own stamp and interpretation on this genre . In 2005 , Pérez was nominated for an Urban Artist of the Year award at the 17th Lo Nuestro Awards .   Perez has also performed public service announcements and has been involved with other charitable work . In 2006 she volunteered to help with the `` Got Milk '' campaign , explaining that Latin American women tend to worry about outer beauty but need to also focus on their diet .

neg: Armando Rodríguez (journalist) Armando Rodríguez , born Armando Rodríguez Carreón and also known as `` El Choco '' , ( 1968 ? -- 13 November 2008 ) , was a Mexican journalist who covered the crime beat for El Diario de Juárez in Ciudad Juárez , Chihuahua , Mexico and was murdered at his residence . He was known for his investigative journalism and reporting on crime , including the Juárez murders , and his death was acknowledged by the Board of the Investigative Reporters & Editors in an official statement that condemned his murder .

neg: Triston Jay Amero Triston Jay Amero born in 1982 ( died April 1 , 2008 ) , a.k.a. Claudio Lestad , a.k.a. Lestat Claudius de Orleans y Montevideo ( the names Lestat and Claudius coming from two different characters in Anne Rice 's novels ) and John Scheda , from New Orleans , Louisiana , United States , was arrested for the hotel bombings that killed two people and wounded seven others in Bolivia on Wednesday , March 22 , 2006 . The bombings damaged two low rent hotels . The attack killed two people and injured seven . A third bombing was stopped . He was eventually found guilty of murder .   Amero had reportedly been hospitalized for psychiatric treatment and had been in juvenile prison several times , beginning at the age of seven . He had wandered around Latin America for some years before settling in the Bolivian city of Potosí in 2004 . In posts from Colombia to his blog he repeatedly described himself as a loner , a `` political refugee '' and `` the Superman of Loosers '' -LSB- sic -RSB- whose strongest desire was to distance himself from the United States .   Although the Bolivian police were unsure of the motive for the bombings that led to Amero 's arrest , President Evo Morales declared : `` This American was putting bombs in hotels . '' `` The U.S. government fights terrorism , and they send us terrorists , '' he said . Morales denounced the bombings as an attack on Bolivia 's democracy . He called it `` typical of terrorist crime . '' This caused a brief cooling of U.S.-Bolivian relations .   Deputy Interior Minister Rafael Puente told Radio Fides : `` The possible motives behind these attacks are incomprehensible . There do n't seem to be any concrete objectives other than causing deaths . ''   Amero and an accomplice , Alda Ribiero Acosta of Uruguay , were arrested by police in a hotel in the slum of El Alto , formally charged with murder , and were held in a maximum security prison near La Paz . While there , Amero attempted to stab his lawyer and had gasoline hidden in his cell , with plans to set fire to a prison official and a U.S. diplomat . Amero was sentenced to 30 years in prison on January 23 , 2008 .   At the age of 26 , Amero died in a hospital on April 1 , 2008 , after complaining of stomach pains while in prison .

neg: Josefa Segovia Josefa Loazia , also more commonly known as `` Juanita '' , was a Mexican-American woman who was executed by hanging in Downieville , California on July 5 , 1851 . She was found guilty of murdering a man , Frederick Cannon , who attempted to assault her . She is known to be the first and only woman to be hanged in California . Many discrepancies exist regarding the circumstances of her death . Josefa 's death has many connections and relevancy to the larger history of Latina/os in the United States because it shows how her racial status affected perception of her and how devalued the life of a Mexican American woman was . Josefa 's death highlights the discrimination and violence against Latinos in the latter half of the nineteenth century . Upon the end of the Mexican-American War , the discovery of gold in California , and the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo , life for Mexicans in what had become the United States was changed completely . They lost their property , political power , and their culture was deemed worthless They became segregated and did not have opportunities for advancement . This discrimination affected and applied to both rich and poor Mexicans . In Anglo journals and other media , Mexican women were depicted as flashy and morally deviant `` sirens '' . This is apparent in how Josefa 's story was presented in Anglo media . She was known as `` Juanita '' when stories came out about her death in complete disregard of who she was so much as to give her a stereotypical name for a Mexican woman rather than using her real name .


query: Jack Reacher (film) was directed and written by Christopher McQuarrie.

pos: Jack Reacher (film) th : Jack Reacher ยอดคนสืบระห่ำ   Jack Reacher ( formerly called One Shot , or alternatively known as Jack Reacher : One Shot ) is a 2012 American action thriller film written and directed by Christopher McQuarrie , based on Lee Child 's 2005 novel One Shot . The film stars Tom Cruise as the title character , with Rosamund Pike , David Oyelowo , Richard Jenkins , Jai Courtney , Werner Herzog and Robert Duvall also starring . The film entered production in October 2011 , and concluded in January 2012 . It was filmed entirely on location in Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania . It received generally positive reviews and performed well at the box office .   The film was released in North America on December 21 . The musical score was composed by Joe Kraemer , performed by the Hollywood Studio Symphony and recorded at the Sony Scoring Stage in Culver City , California . Cruise performed all of his own driving stunts during the film 's signature car chase sequence . Cruise reprised his role in the sequel , Jack Reacher : Never Go Back , based on the 2013 novel Never Go Back , which was released in October 2016 .

neg: Niall MacCormick Niall MacCormick is a British film and television director . His credits include the feature-length comedy-drama The Long Walk to Finchley , Firewall ( the second feature-length episode of Wallander ) , and The Song of Lunch ( starring Alan Rickman and Emma Thompson ) . All of these were created for BBC Television . He directed The Game in 2013 and won a BAFTA in 2014 for the Channel 4 film `` Complicit '' .

neg: Kenneth Kokin Kenneth Kokin has been a producer for many first time feature directors . He is also a sworn deputy in state of Georgia .   The debut feature film he produced for Bryan Singer , Public Access won the Sundance Grand Jury Prize . Ken Kokin and Singer developed a script with writer Christopher McQuarrie to produce the multi-Academy Award winning film The Usual Suspects which Kokin directed the substantial second-unit and co-produced . This achievement landed Kokin on the cover of Fade In Magazine as one of `` The 100 People to Know in Hollywood '' .   Kokin spent the next several years dividing his time between working with new film makers and developing a screenplay on the life of Alexander the Great , written with Peter Buchman and McQuarrie , for Martin Scorsese and Leonardo DiCaprio . ( Scorsese and DiCaprio chose to do The Aviator first , making way for Oliver Stone to produce his version of Alexander . )   Next , he produced and directed second-unit on McQuarrie 's directorial first feature , The Way of the Gun starring Juliette Lewis , Ryan Phillippe , James Caan and Oscar winner Benicio del Toro .   The 2008 Sundance Film Festival marks Kenneth Kokin 's next statements in cinema with Captain Abu Raed the Audience Award Winner in festival 's World Dramatic Competition . This is not only the first independent film produced in Kingdom of Jordan but it 's the fist feature film from recent AFI graduate Amin Matalqa . 2008 is also the year where For Tomorrow the documentary that Kokin produced and directed in Argentina which was an official selection for the Tribeca Film Festival and the Newport Beach Film Festival where he won the Humanitarian Vision Award . This groundbreaking documentary premiered in 10 film festivals and won many other awards and created awareness about cause of Toms shoes assisting the company in achieve recognition as the fastest growing shoe company in the world .   Kenneth Kokin 's dedication to directing started at 14 when he started making his own films with a borrowed Super-8 camera . In high school , he directed several claymation , live action shorts and documentaries on 16mm . His most ambitious teenage endeavor was a re-creation of the Civil War Battle of Bull Run where he combined animated clay figures and actors to win the Newbridge Reel Award for Best Picture .   Upon graduating from University of Southern California Cinema , Kokin joined the Editor 's Guild and worked at both NBC and Amblin Entertainment . CBS hired Kokin to shoot , edit and direct the behind the scenes for the longest-running annual special , Circus of the Stars where he worked with lions , tigers , motorcycle , stunts , high-wire and trapeze acts . Having a passion for all elements of filmmaking from pre-production through production and post-production , Kokin chose producing and directing because they are the only jobs where he has the opportunity to participate in all areas of the process .   Recently , Kokin has produced a Chinese-America co-production in Chengdu , China starring John Robinson http://www.imdb.com/name/nm1440281/ and Xiaolu Li http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0523735/ .   Back in two thousand and eight , he traveled South America , Haiti and Africa directing documentaries about the pandemic of poverty and HIV facing children in those regions .   Staying true to his roots in the crime genre Kenneth Kokin wrote the feature about the famous mobster , James `` Whitey '' Bulger . The Los Angeles Time piece June 26 , 2012 quoted Kokin to say , `` Finding out that Whitey Bulger was living in Santa Monica just three blocks away from me was a little like looking frantically for your sunglasses only to find out they were on your head the whole time . ''   Kokin 's passion for documentaries continues as he is currently working on a feature about sea mammals as well as working as a producer in reality television .    link title   http://about.me/kenkokin

neg: C. Thomas Howell Christopher Thomas Howell ( born December 7 , 1966 ) , known as C. Thomas Howell , is an American actor and director . He starred in the films The Outsiders , as Ponyboy Curtis , and The Hitcher , as Jim Halsey . He also starred in Grandview U.S.A. , Red Dawn as Robert , Secret Admirer as Michael , and Soul Man , and appeared in E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial , The Amazing Spider-Man , and Justice League : The Flashpoint Paradox .

neg: Joss Whedon Joss Whedon ( -LSB- ˈwiːdən -RSB- ) ( born Joseph Hill Whedon on June 23 , 1964 ) is an American screenwriter , film and television director , film and television producer , comic book author , and composer . He is the founder of Mutant Enemy Productions and co-founder of Bellwether Pictures , and is best known as the creator of the television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer ( 1997 -- 2003 ) , Angel ( 1999 -- 2004 ) , Firefly ( 2002 ) , Dollhouse ( 2009 -- 10 ) and Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. ( from 2013 ) .   Whedon co-wrote the Pixar film Toy Story ( 1995 ) , wrote and directed the Firefly film continuation Serenity ( 2005 ) , co-wrote and directed the Internet mini-series Dr. Horrible 's Sing-Along Blog ( 2008 ) , co-wrote and produced the horror comedy The Cabin in the Woods ( 2012 ) , and wrote and directed the Marvel Cinematic Universe superhero films The Avengers ( 2012 ) and its sequel Avengers : Age of Ultron ( 2015 ) .

neg: Len Deighton Leonard Cyril Deighton ( -LSB- ˈdiːtən -RSB- born 18 February 1929 ) , known as Len Deighton , is a British author . Deighton is considered one of the top three spy novelists of his time ( along with Ian Fleming and John le Carré ) . In addition he is a highly acclaimed military historian , cookery writer , and graphic artist . The IPCRESS File ( 1962 ) , his first novel , was an instant bestseller and broke the mould of thriller writing . The Sunday Times dubbed him `` the poet of the spy story '' . Deighton 's first protagonist -- a nameless spy christened Harry Palmer in the films -- was made famous worldwide in the iconic 1960s films starring Michael Caine .

neg: Worth Dying For (novel) Worth Dying For is the fifteenth book in the Jack Reacher series written by Lee Child . It was published on 30 September 2010 in the United Kingdom and was published on 19 October 2010 in the USA . It is written in the third person .

neg: Terry McDonough Terry McDonough is a British television director .   He has been active since 1985 working as a grip and camera operator for much of the 1990s . He moved on to directing episodes of Peak Practice , Where the Heart Is , Sweet Medicine , The Royal , Wire in the Blood , The Street and Vincent .   In 2008 , he began directing episodes of American television series namely Eleventh Hour , Breaking Bad , The Gates , No Ordinary Family , Tower Prep , Criminal Minds : Suspect Behavior and the mystery miniseries Clue .   In January 2013 he was announced as the director of the forthcoming BBC docudrama An Adventure in Space and Time , depicting the creation of the iconic British science-fiction series Doctor Who .   In 2015 , he directed the pilot episode of `` The Expanse ( TV series ) '' , as well as the season finale .

neg: Sally (2000 film) Sally is a 2000 American drama film starring Rachael Leigh Cook , Michael Weston , and Fatmir Haskaj , and written and directed by first time director David Goldsmith who also appears in the film as Jack .

neg: Jackrabbit (film) Jack Rabbit is a 2015 American cyberpunk film directed by Carleton Ranney , who co-wrote it with Destin Douglas . Josh Caras and Ian Christopher Noel star as residents of a dystopian city who attempt to find details about the death of their mutual friend , a computer hacker . It premiered at the 2015 Tribeca Film Festival .

neg: The Dark Knight (film) The Dark Knight is a 2008 superhero film directed , co-produced , and co-written by Christopher Nolan . Featuring the DC Comics character Batman , the film is the second part of Nolan 's The Dark Knight Trilogy and a sequel to 2005 's Batman Begins , starring an ensemble cast including Christian Bale , Michael Caine , Heath Ledger , Gary Oldman , Aaron Eckhart , Maggie Gyllenhaal and Morgan Freeman . In the film , Bruce Wayne/Batman ( Bale ) , James Gordon ( Oldman ) and Harvey Dent ( Eckhart ) form an alliance to dismantle organized crime in Gotham City , but are menaced by a criminal mastermind known as the Joker ( Ledger ) who seeks to undermine Batman 's influence and create chaos .   Nolan 's inspiration for the film was the Joker 's comic book debut in 1940 , the 1988 graphic novel The Killing Joke , and the 1996 series The Long Halloween , which retold Two-Face 's origin . The nickname `` the Dark Knight '' was first applied to Batman in Batman # 1 ( 1940 ) , in a story written by Bill Finger . The Dark Knight was filmed primarily in Chicago , as well as in several other locations in the United States , the United Kingdom , and Hong Kong . Nolan used IMAX 70 mm film cameras to film some sequences , including the Joker 's first appearance in the film . The film is dedicated to the memory of Ledger , who died on January 22 , 2008 , some months after the completed filming and six months before the film 's release , from a toxic combination of prescription drugs , leading to intense attention from the press and movie-going public . Warner Bros. initially created a viral marketing campaign for The Dark Knight , developing promotional websites and trailers highlighting screenshots of Ledger as the Joker .   A co-production of the United States and the United Kingdom , The Dark Knight was released on July 16 , 2008 in Australia , on July 18 , 2008 , in North America , and on July 25 , 2008 , in the United Kingdom . Considered by film critics to be one of the best films of the 2000s and one of the best superhero films ever , the film received highly positive reviews and set numerous records during its theatrical run . The Dark Knight appeared on more critics ' top ten lists ( 287 ) than any other film of 2008 with the exception of WALL-E , and more critics ( 77 ) named The Dark Knight the best film of 2008 than any other film released that year . With over $ 1 billion in revenue worldwide , it is the 29th-highest-grossing film of all time , unadjusted for inflation . The film received eight Academy Award nominations ; it won the award for Best Sound Editing and Ledger was posthumously awarded Best Supporting Actor . The Dark Knight Rises , the final film in the trilogy , was released on July 20 , 2012 .

neg: Mike Cahill (director) Mike Cahill ( born July 5 , 1979 ) is an American film director and screenwriter .

neg: 522666 '' ' 522666 '' is the fifth episode of the first season of the American crime-thriller television series Millennium . It premiered on the Fox network on November 22 , 1996 . The episode was written by Glen Morgan and James Wong , and directed by David Nutter . `` 522666 '' featured guest appearances by Sam Anderson , Hiro Kanagawa and Joe Chrest .   Millennium Group consultant Frank Black ( Lance Henriksen ) is approached by the FBI when a series of bombs are detonated in Washington , DC . Black 's investigation soon reveals that the culprit seeks to be seen as a hero , setting off explosions in order to rescue people from the scenes ; leaving Black to track down the fame-hungry bomber before more people are killed .   `` 522666 '' was one of many collaborations between Nutter , Morgan and Wong , with the three having worked together on several television series previously . The episode opens with a reference to existentialist philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre , and featured Henriksen performing all of his own stunts .

neg: Christopher St. John Christopher St. John , sometimes credited as Chris St. John , is an African-American film and television actor . He is also a film producer , film director and screenwriter and played a minor role in the television series Remington Steele .

neg: Tom MacRae Tom MacRae ( born 1980 ) is an English television writer . He is the creator of Comedy Central 's Threesome . He has also written for Marple and Lewis for ITV , and Casualty and Bonekickers for the BBC .   He wrote the two-part story `` Rise of the Cybermen '' and `` The Age of Steel '' for the 2006 series of Doctor Who . Issue 383 of Doctor Who Magazine reported that MacRae had been commissioned to write the episode `` Century House '' for Series 4 , broadcast in 2008 ; however , this episode was cancelled after Russell T Davies decided that it was too close in tone to another episode . More recently , MacRae wrote `` The Girl Who Waited '' for the 2011 series of Doctor Who .   MacRae wrote a picture book for children called The Opposite which has gone into paperback and been published in several languages . His second book for children , Baby Pie also received a paperback edition .   His writing for television includes ; BBC One 's Mayo starring Alistair McGowan , `` At Bertrams Hotel '' for Marple and `` Life Born of Fire '' for Lewis ( both for ITV1 ) , The Lines of War for the BBC series Bonekickers and an episode of Casualty . He was nominated for a BAFTA in 2002 for Off Limits : School 's Out for Channel 4 .   MacRae grew up in Weedon Bec , Northamptonshire and attended Campion School , Bugbrooke .   In 2011 , he created and wrote Threesome , Comedy Central UK 's first original scripted comedy since the channel was renamed in 2009 . It starred Stephen Wight and Amy Huberman as a young couple and Emun Elliott as their gay best friend . A second series has aired .   He wrote the book and lyrics to new musical Everybody 's Talking About Jamie , which premiered in Sheffield in February 2017 .

neg: Ian Brennan (writer) Ian Brennan ( born April 23 , 1978 ) is a television writer , actor , producer and director . He is best known for his work on the American television shows Glee and Scream Queens .

neg: Christopher Cook (writer) Christopher LaVaughn Cook ( born August 3 , 1952 ) is an American writer whose writing styles and genres include journalism , non-fiction , scriptwriting and fiction , including short stories , novellas and novels .

neg: Jim Jarmusch James Robert `` Jim '' Jarmusch ( -LSB- ˈdʒɑrməʃ -RSB- born January 22 , 1953 ) is an American film director , screenwriter , actor , producer , editor , and composer . He has been a major proponent of independent cinema since the 1980s , directing such films as Stranger Than Paradise ( 1984 ) , Down by Law ( 1986 ) , Mystery Train ( 1989 ) , Dead Man ( 1995 ) , Ghost Dog : The Way of the Samurai ( 1999 ) , Coffee and Cigarettes ( 2003 ) , Broken Flowers ( 2005 ) , Only Lovers Left Alive ( 2013 ) , and Paterson ( 2016 ) . Stranger Than Paradise was added to the National Film Registry in December 2002 . As a musician , Jarmusch has composed music for his films and released two albums with Jozef van Wissem .

neg: Michael Crichton John Michael Crichton ( -LSB- ˈkraɪtən -RSB- October 23 , 1942 -- November 4 , 2008 ) was an American best-selling author , screenwriter , film director and producer best known for his work in the science fiction , medical fiction and thriller genres . His books have sold over 200 million copies worldwide , and many have been adapted into films . In 1994 , Crichton became the only creative artist ever to have works simultaneously charting at No. 1 in U.S. television ( ER ) , film ( Jurassic Park ) , and book sales ( Disclosure ) .   His literary works are usually within the action genre and heavily feature technology . His novels epitomize the techno-thriller genre of literature , often exploring technology and failures of human interaction with it , especially resulting in catastrophes with biotechnology . Many of his future history novels have medical or scientific underpinnings , reflecting his medical training and science background . He wrote , among other works , The Andromeda Strain ( 1969 ) , Congo ( 1980 ) , Sphere ( 1987 ) , Travels ( 1988 ) , Jurassic Park ( 1990 ) , Rising Sun ( 1992 ) , Disclosure ( 1994 ) , The Lost World ( 1995 ) , Airframe ( 1996 ) , Timeline ( 1999 ) , Prey ( 2002 ) , State of Fear ( 2004 ) , Next ( 2006 ; the final book published before his death ) , Pirate Latitudes ( 2009 ) , an unfinished techno-thriller , Micro , which was published in November 2011 , and Dragon Teeth , a historical novel set during the `` Bone Wars '' , published worldwide in May 2017 .

neg: Christopher Markus and Stephen McFeely Christopher Markus and Stephen McFeely are a duo of American screenwriters and producers . They are known for their work in the Marvel Cinematic Universe , having written the three Captain America films ( The First Avenger , The Winter Soldier , and Civil War ) , Thor : The Dark World , and will be writing Avengers : Infinity War and its untitled sequel ; and having created the Agent Carter TV series . They are also the screenwriters of The Chronicles of Narnia film franchise .   They made their screenwriting debut in 2004 with The Life and Death of Peter Sellers , for which they won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing for a Miniseries , Movie or a Dramatic Special . They also wrote the films You Kill Me and Pain & Gain .

neg: Make Me (novel) Make Me is the twentieth book in the Jack Reacher series written by Lee Child . It was initially published on 8 September 2015 by Delacorte Press.It is written in the third person .


query: Margaret Atwood has published short stories in a Canadian general interest magazine.

pos: Saturday Night (magazine) Saturday Night was a Canadian general interest magazine . It was founded in Toronto , Ontario in 1887 and was Canada 's oldest general interest magazine . The magazine ceased publication in 2005 .

pos: Margaret Atwood Margaret Eleanor Atwood , ( born November 18 , 1939 ) is a Canadian poet , novelist , literary critic , essayist , and environmental activist . She is a winner of the Arthur C. Clarke Award and Prince of Asturias Award for Literature , has been shortlisted for the Booker Prize five times , winning once , and has been a finalist for the Governor General 's Award several times , winning twice . In 2001 , she was inducted into Canada 's Walk of Fame . She is also a founder of the Writers ' Trust of Canada , a non-profit literary organization that seeks to encourage Canada 's writing community . Among innumerable contributions to Canadian literature , she was a founding trustee of the Griffin Poetry Prize .   Atwood is also the inventor , and developer , of the LongPen and associated technologies that facilitate the remote robotic writing of documents . She is the Co-Founder and a Director of Syngrafii Inc. ( formerly Unotchit Inc. ) , a company that she started in 2004 to develop , produce and distribute the LongPen technology . She holds various patents related to the LongPen technologies .   While she is best known for her work as a novelist , she has also published fifteen books of poetry .  Many of her poems have been inspired by myths and fairy tales , which have been interests of hers from an early age . Atwood has published short stories in Tamarack Review , Alphabet , Harper 's , CBC Anthology , Ms. , Saturday Night , and many other magazines . She has also published four collections of stories and three collections of unclassifiable short prose works .

neg: Governor General's Award for French-language fiction The Governor General 's Award for French-language fiction is a Canadian literary award that annually recognizes one Canadian writer for a fiction book written in French . It is one of fourteen Governor General 's Awards for Literary Merit , seven each for creators of English - and French-language books . The Governor General 's Awards program is administered by the Canada Council for the Arts .   The program was created and inaugurated in 1937 , for 1936 publications in two categories , conventionally called the 1936 awards . French-language works were first recognized by the 1959 Governor General 's Awards .   The winners alone were announced until 1979 , when Canada Council released in advance a shortlist of three nominees . Since then , the advance shortlist has numbered three to six ; from 2002 , always five .

neg: Power Politics (poetry collection) Power Politics is a book of poetry by Canadian author Margaret Atwood , published in 1971 .   It contains her famous simile :   The violent surprise of this poem is typical of Atwood 's imagery .   Gender is a crucial theme in Power Politics . The collection was often dismissed as a poetic version of Women 's Lib although Atwood herself rejected the notion that the Women 's Movement influenced the conception of Power Politics .

neg: Further Chronicles of Avonlea Further Chronicles of Avonlea is a collection of short stories by L. M. Montgomery and is a sequel to Chronicles of Avonlea . Published in 1920 , it includes a number of stories relating to the inhabitants of the fictional Canadian village of Avonlea and its region , located on Prince Edward Island . Sometimes marketed as a book in the Anne Shirley series , Anne plays only a minor role in the book : out of the 15 stories in the collection , she narrates and stars in only one ( `` The Little Brown Book of Miss Emily '' ) , and is briefly mentioned in passing in two others ( `` Aunt Cynthia 's Persian Cat '' and `` The Return of Hester '' ) .

neg: Evelyn M. Richardson Evelyn M. Richardson , born Evelyn May Fox ( 1902 -- 1976 ) was a Canadian writer who won the Governor General 's Award in non-fiction for her 1945 memoir , We Keep a Light . The annual Evelyn Richardson Memorial Literary Award is given in her honour to a Nova Scotia writer of non-fiction .

neg: Canadian studies Canadian studies is a college-level study of Canadian culture , the spoken languages of Canada , Canadian literature , Quebec , agriculture in Canada , the history of Canada , and Canadian government and politics .   Most universities that offer the discipline recommend that students take a double major ( e.g. Political Science , International Relations ) or French , if not included in the course . Some careers for students who take Canadian studies include the foreign service and working at Canadian embassies or the foreign embassies in Canada .   Scholars known for their work in Canadian studies include Fernand Ouellet , Linda Hutcheon , George Ramsay Cook , William T. R. Fox , Annette Baker Fox , Susan Swan , Christl Verduyn , Sergey Rogov , and George Melnyk . The Governor General 's International Award for Canadian Studies is an award for excellence in the field and was established in 1995 by the International Council for Canadian Studies .

neg: Margaret Marshall Saunders Margaret Marshall Saunders CBE ( May 13 , 1861 -- February 15 , 1947 ) was a prolific Canadian writer of children 's stories and romance novels , a lecturer , and an animal rights advocate .   Saunders was born in the village of Milton , Nova Scotia , though she spent most of her childhood in Berwick , Nova Scotia where her father was a Baptist minister .   Saunders is most famous for her novel Beautiful Joe . It tells the true story of a dog from Meaford , Ontario that had his ears and tail chopped off by an abusive owner as a puppy , but is rescued by a Meaford family whose lives he later saves . The story is written from the dog 's point of view , and is often compared to Black Beauty which was released a few years earlier .   In 1889 Saunders submitted Beautiful Joe to the American Humane Education Society Prize Competition `` Kind and Cruel Treatment of Domestic Animals and Birds in the Northern States '' , and won a prize of $ 200 . When the book was brought to publication in 1893 , both the book and its subject received worldwide attention . It was the first Canadian book to sell over a million copies , and by the late 1930s had sold over seven million copies worldwide . It was also translated into many languages , including Esperanto .   About Beautiful Joe , Marshall Saunders commented , `` I have had the honour of leading the old Ontario dog around the world on a chain of translations and rejoice in the report that he has become quite a propagandist for humanitarianism '' .   Following the success of Beautiful Joe , Saunders wrote more than twenty other stories , a number of which provided social commentary on such things as the abolition of child labor , slum clearance , and the improvement of playground facilities .   Saunders also wrote newspaper articles about supervised playgrounds for city children and other social issues in the Halifax Morning Chronicle and the Toronto Globe . She also lectured frequently , and belonged to many organizations including various humane societies , and the Canadian Women 's Press Club which she co-founded with fellow Canadian author Lucy Maud Montgomery .   In 1914 , Saunders moved into 66 St. George Street in downtown Toronto , and later moved in with her younger sister at 62 Glengowan Avenue . Margaret 's house was always filled with pets including at one time 28 canaries . She had a tendency to name her pets after the locations where they had been found , and once had a pigeon named 38 Front Street , and a dog named Johnny Doorstep .   In 1934 , at age 73 , Margaret was awarded Commander of the Order of the British Empire ( C.B.E. ) , which at that time was Canada 's highest civilian honour . That same year she also received a medal from the Societe Protectice des Animaux in Paris , France .   Saunders died in 1947 in Toronto , Ontario where she had lived for a number of years . She is buried in Mount Pleasant Cemetery in Toronto .   In 1994 , the Beautiful Joe Heritage Society was formed to celebrate the life and story of Beautiful Joe and the achievements of Margaret Marshall Saunders . A park dedicated to Beautiful Joe has been established in Meaford , Ontario , Canada

neg: Goose Lane Editions Goose Lane Editions is a Canadian book publishing company founded in 1954 in Fredericton , New Brunswick as Fiddlehead Poetry Books by Fred Cogswell and a group of students and faculty from the University of New Brunswick associated with The Fiddlehead Magazine . After Cogswell retired in 1981 , his successor , Peter Thomas , changed the name to Goose Lane Editions . From 1989 to 1997 Douglas Lochhead was president of Goose Lane . It is now headed by publisher and co-owner Susanne Alexander . The Canada Council for the Arts says the publishing company `` has evolved to become one of Canada 's most exciting showcases of home-grown literary talent . ''   Publications from Goose Lane Editions include literary fiction , poetry , biographies , works of history , travel literature , outdoor travel guides and serious non-fiction , as well as fine art volumes that it often publishes in association with museums and galleries . Authors published by Goose Lane include Alden Nowlan , Nancy Bauer , Herb Curtis , Reg Balch , Lynn Coady , Alan Cumyn , Sheree Fitch , Kerry Clare , Jeffery Donaldson , Herménégilde Chiasson , Lynn Davies , Tammy Armstrong , Kathryn Kuitenbrower , Catherine Bush , Noah Richler , Jacques Poitras , Tamai Kobayashi , Douglas Glover whose novel Elle won the 2003 Governor General 's Award for English-language fiction , Joan Thomas whose novel Reading by Lightning won the 2009 Commonwealth Writers Prize for Best First Book ( Canada and the Caribbean ) , Riel Nason whose novel The Town That Drowned won the 2012 Commonwealth Book Prize ( Canada and Europe ) , and Marcello Di Cintio , whose book Walls : Travels Along the Barricades won the 2013 Shaughnessy Cohen Award for Political Writing .

neg: Out of the Unknown (collection) Out of the Unknown is a collection of fantasy short stories by Canadian writers A. E. van Vogt and E. Mayne Hull . It was first published in 1948 by Fantasy Publishing Company , Inc. in an edition of 1,000 copies . The stories originally appeared in the magazine Unknown .

neg: Prism International Prism International ( styled PRISM international ) is a magazine published quarterly in Vancouver , British Columbia . Established in 1959 , it is Western Canada 's senior literary magazine . The magazine was started with name Prism and five years later its name changed to Prism International . The focus of the magazine is contemporary fiction and poetry , but it also publishes drama and creative non-fiction .   The rendering of the name is idiosyncratic : `` PRISM '' is intentionally all upper-case , and `` international '' is all lower case .

neg: Margaret Murray Robertson Margaret Murray Robertson ( 22 April 1823 -- 14 February 1897 ) was a Scottish-Canadian teacher and writer .   Margaret was born in Stuartfield , Scotland , the daughter of Reverend James Robertson and Elizabeth Murray . She had a sister Mary and brothers John , Joseph , and Andrew . In 1832 her mother died , whereupon the devout family emigrated to Derby , Vermont . Four years later they moved to Sherbrooke in Quebec . Both Mary and Margaret attended Mount Holyoke Female Seminary in Massachusetts . Afterward , they became instructors at the Sherbrooke Ladies ' Academy , where Margaret remained until 1865 .   In 1864 she won the Galt Prize essay competition with an essay titled `` An Essay on Common School Education . '' At the age of 42 , Margaret now left her teaching career to become a full-time writer . Her first novel , Christie Redfern 's Troubles , was published in 1866 . During her writing career , she had 14 or more novels published up through 1890 . Most of the protagonists in her novels were female , and the themes were of home and family .   She died in Montreal , unmarried .

neg: CBC Selects CBC Selects is a Canadian television anthology series , which premiered on CBC Television on October 5 , 2014 . The series will present a variety of programs from other public broadcasters around the world , including the BBC and the Australian Broadcasting Corporation .   The first program airing as part of CBC Selects is the Australian drama series Janet King .   The second program will be the BBC 's nature documentary Life Story .

neg: Atlantic Canada's 100 Greatest Books Atlantic Canada 's 100 Greatest Books is a non-fiction book by Trevor J. Adams and Stephen Patrick Clare , published by Nimbus Publishing . The first book of its type , it ranks and reviews the top 100 books written by Atlantic Canadian writers , published in the region , or focusing on the region . The 100 books chosen were selected from a list of over 2,000 titles voted on by over 700 authors , editors and critics . The book includes reviews of each of the ranked titles , top-ten lists on a variety of literary subjects , and lists from guest contributors such as the premiers of the Maritime Provinces and novelists such as David Adams Richards and Ami MacKay .   The book lists Alistair MacLeod 's No Great Mischief as the greatest Atlantic Canadian book of all time .   Anne of Green Gables by Lucy Maud Montgomery was second .   Four authors -- Richards , Raymond Fraser , Wayne Johnston and Thomas Raddall -- each had five books make the list .   Born and raised in Digby County , Nova Scotia , Trevor J. Adams currently lives in Halifax , where he works as editor of Halifax Magazine . Stephen Patrick Clare is a freelance writer and professional musician , originally from Montreal and currently residing in Halifax .

neg: Choose Me (short story collection) Choose Me is a collection of short stories by Canadian writer Evelyn Lau . It was first published by Doubleday Canada in 1999 .

neg: Howard Norman Howard A. Norman ( born 1949 ) , is an American award-winning writer and educator . Most of his short stories and novels are set in Canada 's Maritime Provinces . He has written several translations of Algonquin , Cree , and Inuit folklore . His books have been translated into 12 languages .

neg: Canadian Newcomer Magazine Canadian Newcomer Magazine ( French edition : Nouvel Arrivant au Canada ) is a social enterprise publication launched by Dale Sproule in 2004 specifically to provide new immigrants with the information they require to settle and integrate in Canada . The magazine and its website are published in English and French and distributed in large and small centres across Ontario , with the help of funding from Citizenship and Immigration Canada .

neg: Aurealis Award for best young adult novel The Aurealis Awards are presented annually by the Australia-based Chimaera Publications and WASFF to published works to `` recognise the achievements of Australian science fiction , fantasy , horror writers '' . To qualify , a work must have been first published by an Australian citizen or permanent resident between 1 January and 31 December of the corresponding year ; the presentation ceremony is held the following year . It has grown from a small function of around 20 people to a two-day event attended by over 200 people .   Since their creation in 1995 , awards have been given in various categories of speculative fiction . Categories currently include science fiction , fantasy , horror , speculative young adult fiction -- with separate awards for novels and short fiction -- collections , anthologies , illustrative works or graphic novels , children 's books , and an award for excellence in speculative fiction . The awards have attracted the attention of publishers by setting down a benchmark in science fiction and fantasy . The continued sponsorship by publishers such as HarperCollins and Orbit has added weight to the honour of the award .   The results are decided by a panel of judges from a list of submitted nominees ; the long-list of nominees is reduced to a short-list of finalists . Ties can occur if the panel decides that both entries show equal merit , however they are encouraged to choose a single winner . The judges are selected from a public application process by the Award 's management team .   This article lists all the short-list nominees and winners in the best young-adult novel category , as well as novels that have been highly commended . Three people have won the award twice -- Isobelle Carmody , Garth Nix and Scott Westerfeld . Westerfeld holds the record for most nominations with eight , and Rory Barnes has the most nominations without winning , having been a losing finalist five times .

neg: Southern Ontario Gothic Southern Ontario Gothic is a subgenre of the Gothic novel genre and a feature of Canadian literature that comes from Southern Ontario . This region includes Toronto , Southern Ontario 's major industrial cities ( Windsor , London , Hamilton , St. Thomas , Oshawa , St. Catharines ) , and the surrounding countryside . While the genre may also feature other areas of Ontario , Canada , and the world as narrative locales , this region provides the core settings .   The term was first used in Graeme Gibson 's Eleven Canadian Novelists ( 1972 ) to recognize an existing tendency to apply aspects of the Gothic novel to writing based in and around Southern Ontario . In an interview with Timothy Findley , Gibson commented that Findley 's novel The Last of the Crazy People shared similarities with the American Southern Gothic genre , to which Findley replied , '' ... sure , it 's Southern Gothic : Southern Ontario Gothic . ''   Notable writers of this subgenre include Alice Munro , Margaret Atwood , Robertson Davies , Jane Urquhart , Marian Engel , James Reaney and Barbara Gowdy .   Like the Southern Gothic of American writers such as William Faulkner , Flannery O'Connor and Eudora Welty , Southern Ontario Gothic analyzes and critiques social conditions such as race , gender , religion and politics , but in a Southern Ontario context . Southern Ontario Gothic is generally characterized by a stern realism set against the dour small-town Protestant morality stereotypical of the region , and often has underlying themes of moral hypocrisy . Actions and people that act against humanity , logic , and morality all are portrayed unfavourably , and one or more characters may be suffering from some form of mental illness . In a review of Alice Munro 's Dear Life for Quill & Quire , literary critic James Grainger writes that `` Violence , illness , and reputations ruined by a single indiscretion are accepted in Munro 's secretive , repressed communities as a kind of levelling mechanism , rough justice for those who dare to strive for something finer . ''   The Gothic novel has traditionally examined the role of evil in the human soul , and has incorporated dark or horrific imagery to create the desired setting . Some ( but not all ) writers of Southern Ontario Gothic use supernatural or magic realist elements ; a few deviate from realism entirely , in the manner of the fantastical gothic novel . Virtually all dwell to a certain extent upon the grotesque .   Notable works of the genre include Davies ' Deptford Trilogy , Findley 's Headhunter , Atwood 's Alias Grace and The Blind Assassin , and Munro 's Selected Stories .   The genre has been criticised as having `` little or nothing to distinguish it from everyday , garden-variety type realism . ''

neg: Alice Zorn Alice Zorn is a Canadian author . Originally from Hamilton , Ontario , Zorn now lives in Montreal , Quebec . She is known as the author of various short stories published in a wide variety of Canadian magazines , as well as the collection of short stories Ruins & Relics ( 2009 ) and the novels Arrhythmia ( 2011 ) and Five Roses ( 2016 ) .

neg: Orphan at My Door Orphan at My Door , written by Jean Little , is the second book in the Dear Canada , series of novels created by Scholastic Canada and written by various authors . The book is written in the format of a diary and features a fictional narrator , Victoria Cope .   Orphan at My Door was first printed and released in Canada during September 2001 by Scholastic Canada Ltd. . Orphan at My Door is printed in the English and French languages in Canada .

neg: Canadian Club of Toronto The Canadian Club of Toronto is a club in Toronto which meets several times a month to hear lunchtime speeches given by invited guests from the fields of politics , law , business , the arts , the media , and other prominent fields .   In the days before radio and television , the Club provided a chance for influential Torontonians to have contact with Canadian and international leaders in a variety of fields . Even today , the club manages to attract notable speakers . Some examples of speakers to address the club since the year 2000 include Paul Martin , Stephen Harper , Vladimir Putin , Paul Bremer , Bob Rae , Michael Dell , Jean Charest , John de Chastelain , Ted Rogers , Roy McMurtry , Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo , Margaret Atwood , Karen Kain , Ralph Klein , David Frum , Pamela Wallin , John Manley , Beverley McLachlin , Dalton McGuinty , Belinda Stronach , David Dodge , Pinball Clemons , Gordon Campbell , Louise Arbour , Adrienne Clarkson , Donovan Bailey , Anne Mulcahy , and Jack Layton .   The Canadian Club has long had a role in Canadian life as an opinion-formation vehicle for some of Toronto 's most prominent citizens .   The Canadian Club of Toronto was founded in 1897 by a Hamilton journalist . Speeches were initially given in the evening , but starting in 1899 , the club moved to its present lunchtime format . In 1903 , several members of the Canadian Club , concerned that the club was not sufficiently opposed to the wave of anti-British sentiment being expressed in the wake of the Alaskan Boundary Tribunal decision , left the Canadian Club to found the more pro-British Empire Club of Canada .   As of 2010 , the Canadian Club 's luncheons are normally held on Mondays in the Fairmont Royal York Hotel . As noted on their website : `` The Canadian Club is not-for-profit and holds no political or religious affiliations . There are currently forty Canadian Clubs in various cities around Canada . ''


query: Scarlett Johansson only released an album in 2004.

pos: Scarlett Johansson Scarlett Johansson ( -LSB- dʒoʊˈhænsən -RSB- born November 22 , 1984 ) is an American actress , model , and singer . She made her film debut in the fantasy comedy North ( 1994 ) . Johansson subsequently starred in Manny & Lo ( 1996 ) , and garnered further acclaim and prominence with roles in The Horse Whisperer ( 1998 ) and Ghost World ( 2001 ) . She shifted to adult roles with her performances in Girl with a Pearl Earring ( 2003 ) and Lost in Translation ( 2003 ) , for which she won a BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role .   Her subsequent films included A Love Song for Bobby Long ( 2004 ) , Match Point ( 2005 ) , The Island ( 2005 ) , The Black Dahlia ( 2006 ) , The Prestige ( 2006 ) , The Other Boleyn Girl ( 2008 ) , Vicky Cristina Barcelona ( 2008 ) , He 's Just Not That Into You ( 2009 ) , Don Jon ( 2013 ) , Her ( 2013 ) , Under the Skin ( 2013 ) , Lucy ( 2014 ) , The Jungle Book ( 2016 ) , and Ghost in the Shell ( 2017 ) . Since 2008 , Johansson has also portrayed the Marvel Comics character Black Widow in the Marvel Cinematic Universe . She won the Tony Award for Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Play for her performance in the 2010 Broadway revival of A View from the Bridge . As a singer , Johansson has released two albums , Anywhere I Lay My Head ( 2008 ) and Break Up ( 2009 ) .   Johansson is considered one of Hollywood 's modern sex symbols , and has frequently appeared in published lists of the sexiest women in the world . , she is the highest-grossing actress of all time in North America , with her films making over $ 3.6 billion . In 2016 , she was the highest-grossing actress , with a $ 1.2 billion total for the year .

neg: No Pleasantries No Pleasantries is the debut album of American post-grunge band U.P.O. Released on May 30 , 2000 , the album broke U.P.O. into the mainstream rock scene and was their most successful release . It was made available on iTunes on September 22 , 2004 .   In promotion of No Pleasantries , U.P.O. toured throughout 2000 with popular acts such as Linkin Park , Nickelback , Godsmack , and 3 Doors Down . July saw the group joining Slipknot , Slayer , and Metallica on the Tattoo the Earth Tour . U.P.O. played two more shows in 2001 before their brief hiatus .

neg: Hot Pink Hot Pink is the debut studio album by the American band The Pink Spiders , released in 2005 .

neg: Credo (Carola album) Credo is an album by the Swedish singer Carola Häggkvist . It was released in May 2004 in Sweden , Denmark , Finland and Norway . On the album charts , the album peaked at number 2 in Sweden .

neg: Sixty Four Sixty Four is the 21st studio album and 26th album overall from Scottish singer-songwriter Donovan . It is composed of demo tracks recorded by Donovan in 1964 . Sixty Four was released in the United States in February 2004 ( Donovan Discs ) .

neg: Gone Too Long Gone too Long is an album by the Swedish singer Charlotte Perrelli , released on 30 June 2004 . It peaked highest at 11th place on the Swedish music charts . The song `` Long Way Home '' was written by British pop group Steps , before their 2001 split .

neg: Live Acoustic (Sarah McLachlan EP) Live Acoustic ( Nettwerk ) is an EP by Sarah McLachlan . It was released on 31 May 2004 in Canada only . Four of the tracks were recorded live at a `` Live from the Lounge '' event with Ryan Seacrest for radio station Star 98.7 on 7 October 2003 . These tracks were produced by Skip Kelly and remastered by Dave Kutch . The recording of `` Adia '' was done at the debut of iTunes for the PC on 21 October 2003 . The EP was previously only available on iTunes . The tracks `` Angel '' , `` Building a Mystery '' , and `` Adia '' are from her previous album Surfacing ( 1997 ) . `` Fallen '' and `` Answer '' are from Afterglow ( 2003 ) .

neg: Irish Son Irish Son is the debut solo album by Irish singer Brian McFadden . It was released on 29 November 2004 . McFadden signed with Sony Music following his departure from boy band Westlife in 2004 . The singer mainly co-wrote the album with English songwriter Guy Chambers , who produced the album along Paul Stacey , Richard Flack , Mark Taylor , and Phil Thornalley .   The album was preceded by the lead single `` Real to Me on 6 September 2004 , which peaked at number one in Denmark , Ireland and the United Kingdom . Irish Son was highly successful on the charts in Denmark and Ireland . Elsewhere the album charted within the lower regions of the charts in Austria , Finland , Netherlands , New Zealand , Sweden , Switzerland and the United Kingdom .

neg: It's Already Written It 's Already Written is the first and only studio album of R&B singer Houston . It was released on August 10 , 2004 , and reached # 14 on the Billboard 200 . The album was certified Gold by the RIAA .

neg: Falling Out (Peter Bjorn and John album) Falling Out is the second album by Peter Bjorn and John , released on October 4 , 2004 . While no videos were released , three singles were derived from the album ; the promo-only single for Tailormade and full releases for Teen Love and It Beats Me Every Time .   The last track on the album , ` Goodbye Again , Or ... ' is of very low quality in all formats , due to the only recording of the song coming from lead singer and guitarist Peter Moren 's mobile phone - added to the album on the last day before mastering . During the tour for his first solo album The Last Tycoon , Moren has performed the song acoustically in an extended form featuring a harmonica solo .   Wichita Recordings , responsible for later re-releases of the band 's early work , later re-released this album with bonus tracks taken from the singles derived from the album , in the same manner as their debut work . The bonus tracks on this re-release included the extra tracks from the ` Beats , Traps & Backgrounds ' EP and ` Fortune Favours Only The Brave ' , from the ` Teen Love ' single .   The single covers are notable for being composed entirely of text in the same font as that on the monochrome album art , which itself is a homage to The Velvet Underground 's third , self-titled album . The all-text theme carried over into the band 's live shows , with the backdrop printed with the word ` Backdrop ' repeating endlessly over it , and the amplifiers decorated in the same manner .

neg: A Terrible Beauty (album) A Terrible Beauty is the first , and so far only , release from UK band The Uncle Devil Show . It was released on P3 Music in 2004 .

neg: Loud Pipes Save Lives Loud Pipes Save Lives is the fifth studio album by Swedish singer-songwriter E-Type , which was released in 2004 . It is the last E-Type album to feature vocalist Nana Hedin . E-Type participated with `` Paradise '' in Melodifestivalen 2004 , ending up at 5th place . With this album E-type started to lose his success across Europe . Still it sold nearly 1 million copies worldwide .   `` Paradise '' was the first single release in European audience and became a hit . In United States `` The Predator '' was given as the Lead-off single but did poorly in the charts peaking # 47 . Still the album debuted respectably at # 30 in Hot-200 Albums Chart .

neg: On Christmas Night On Christmas Night is an album by Cherish the Ladies , released in 2004 on the Rounder Records label .

neg: Platinum & Gold Collection (Toni Braxton album) Platinum & Gold Collection , released in 2004 , is the second greatest hits compilation by Toni Braxton , following Ultimate Toni Braxton released in 2003 . It is a budget CD with fewer songs than Ultimate , but it has the remix versions of some songs . Although the album was not given a proper release in the United States and is considered an international release , it has sold 281,518 copies in the US as of February 2012 .

neg: A Year at the Movies A Year at the Movies is the major label debut by the Canadian alternative/punk group Social Code , the band formerly known as Fifth Season . It was released in May 2004 in various countries , through Interscope . The first single from the album , `` Beautiful '' , received significant play on radio stations throughout Canada . A music video was also released for the second single , `` Whisper to a Scream ( Birds Fly ) '' , a cover of post-punk band The Icicle Works .

neg: Ramiyah (album) Ramiyah 's self-titled debut album was released in 2004 .

neg: Crutch (film) Crutch is a 2004 autobiographical coming of age film written and directed by Rob Moretti .

neg: Driven (Orphanage album) Driven is Orphanage 's fifth album , released in April 2004 by Nuclear Blast records . The CD features 14 tracks that have been recorded at Studio Moskou in Utrecht and was mixed and mastered at Studio Double Noise in Tilburg .

neg: A Thousand Beautiful Things `` A Thousand Beautiful Things '' is a song by Annie Lennox , released in 2004 as the second `` promotional-only '' single from her album Bare .

neg: I Just Can't Stop It I Just Ca n't Stop It is the debut album by UK 2 tone band The Beat . The album was released in 1980 via Go Feet Records in the UK . It was released the same year in the US on I.R.S. Records under the band name `` The English Beat '' .   Well received from the start , publications such as Rolling Stone raved that the music was `` wild and threatening , sexy and sharp . '' AllMusic later said '' -LSB- it -RSB- was a stunning achievement '' , which has been undiminished by time .   The song `` Mirror in the Bathroom '' featured in the films Grosse Pointe Blank ( 1997 ) and in RocknRolla ( 2008 ) , while the song `` Hands Off ... She 's Mine '' featured in the film 50 First Dates ( 2004 ) .

neg: HK119 (album) HK119 is the debut , eponymous solo album from Finnish multimedia artist and singer-songwriter Heidi Kilpeläinen , performing under her alter ego HK119 . The album was released through One Little Indian Records on 20 February 2006 in the United Kingdom .   The album was a collection of Kilpeläinen 's home-made 8-track ( multitrack ) digital recordings , she composed especially for her MA degree course in Fine Art from 2003 -- 2004 , which she combined with individual home-made music videos for nearly every track on the album . ( Each video 's ` character ' was portrayed with a unique costume , which collectively formed the `` character '' of HK119 )   It was these videos that initially caught the attention of Icelandic singer Björk , who then featured HK119 in a Q Magazine article , citing her as her favourite artist of new 2004 , and ultimately leading HK119 being signed to One Little Indian Records .   The album cover was shot by established fashion photographer Rachel Warner , while the rest of the artwork for the album ( and single releases ) featured screencaps from the albums relative videos .


query: Oliver Reed was an actor.

pos: Oliver Reed Robert Oliver Reed ( 13 February 1938 -- 2 May 1999 ) was an English actor known for his upper-class , macho image , hellraiser lifestyle , and `` tough guy '' roles . Notable films include The Trap ( 1966 ) , Oliver ! ( 1968 ) , Women in Love ( 1969 ) , Hannibal Brooks ( 1969 ) , The Devils ( 1971 ) , The Three Musketeers ( 1973 ) , Tommy ( 1975 ) , Lion of the Desert ( 1981 ) , Castaway ( 1986 ) , The Adventures of Baron Munchausen ( 1988 ) and Funny Bones ( 1995 ) . For Gladiator ( 2000 ) , his final film , Reed was posthumously nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role .   At the peak of his career , in 1971 , British exhibitors voted Reed 5th most popular star at the box office .

neg: Oliver Twist (1912 film) Oliver Twist is a 1912 British silent drama film directed by Thomas Bentley and starring Ivy Millais , Alma Taylor and Harry Royston . It is an adaptation of the 1838 novel Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens . It was the directorial debut of Bentley who went on to become a leading British director . It was the first in a series of Dickens adaptations by Bentley .

neg: Jack Reed: Badge of Honor Jack Reed : Badge of Honor is a 1993 crime drama made-for-television film written by Andrew Laskos , directed by Kevin Connor starring Brian Dennehy , Susan Ruttan , and Alice Krige . It was the sequel to the 1992 made-for-TV crime drama Deadly Matrimony , continuing the fictional Jack Reed character in a television film series .

neg: Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role The Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role is an annual award presented by The Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in commercial British theatre . The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976 , and , renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor Lord Olivier .   The award was first given in 1977 but in the years following was often given as a singular award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role .

neg: Laurence Olivier Award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role in a Musical The Laurence Olivier Award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role in a Musical is an annual award presented by The Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in commercial British theatre . The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976 , and , renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor Lord Olivier . The Olivier Awards are the most prestigious theatrical awards in the United Kingdom and are the UK equivalent of the Tony Awards .   Until 2015 , the Olivier Awards did not honour supporting musical performances separately and was therefore a unisex category , honouring both male and female actors . Starting with the 2015 ceremony , the awards have been separated into Best Actor in a Supporting Role in a Musical and Best Actress in a Supporting Role in a Musical

neg: Oliver Hassencamp Oliver Hassencamp ( 1921 -- 1988 ) was a German writer and actor .

neg: Alan Reed Alan Reed , also known professionally as Alan Reed , Sr. , ( August 20 , 1907 -- June 14 , 1977 ) was an American actor and voice artist , best known as the original voice of Fred Flintstone ( although Daws Butler voiced the character in the pilot ) , whom he was said to have physically resembled , on The Flintstones and various spinoff series . He also appeared in many films , including Days of Glory , The Tarnished Angels , Breakfast at Tiffany 's , Viva Zapata ! ( as Pancho Villa ) , and Nob Hill , and various television series .

neg: Playmates (1918 film) Playmates is a 1918 American silent comedy film featuring Oliver Hardy .

neg: Robert Hardy Timothy Sydney Robert Hardy , CBE , FSA ( born 29 October 1925 ) is an English actor with a long career in the theatre , film and television .

neg: Rocco Reed Rocco Reed ( born July 26 , 1982 ) is an American former pornographic actor .

neg: Reed (mouthpiece) A reed is a thin strip of material which vibrates to produce a sound on a musical instrument . The reeds of most woodwind instruments are made from Arundo donax ( `` Giant cane '' ) or synthetic material ; tuned reeds ( as in harmonicas and accordions ) are made of metal or synthetics . Musical instruments may be classified according to the type and number of reeds used .   The earliest types of single-reed instruments used idioglottal reeds , where the vibrating reed is a tongue cut and shaped on the tube of cane . Much later , single-reed instruments started using heteroglottal reeds , where a reed is cut and separated from the tube of cane and attached to a mouthpiece of some sort . By contrast , in an uncapped double reed instrument ( such as the oboe and bassoon ) , there is no mouthpiece ; the two parts of the reed vibrate against one another .

neg: Gordon Oliver Gordon Oliver ( April 27 , 1910 -- January 26 , 1995 ) was an American actor and film producer . He appeared in more than 45 films and television shows between 1933 and 1972 .

neg: Eric Porter Eric Richard Porter ( 8 April 192815 May 1995 ) was an English actor of stage , film and television .

neg: 26th Academy Awards The 26th Academy Awards honored the best in films of 1953 .   The second national telecast of the Awards show drew an estimated 43 million viewers . Shirley Booth , appearing in a play in Philadelphia , presented the Best Actor award through a live broadcast cut-in , and privately received the winner 's name over the telephone from co-host Donald O'Connor . ( Actor Fredric March co-hosted from New York City . ) Gary Cooper filmed his presentation of the Best Actress award in advance on a set in Mexico , with O'Connor announcing the winner 's name .   All the major winners in this year were black-and-white films . The big winner was Fred Zinnemann 's From Here to Eternity , with thirteen nominations and eight awards including Best Picture , Best Supporting Actor , Best Supporting Actress , Best Director , Best Screenplay ( Daniel Taradash ) , Best Cinematography ( Burnett Guffey ) , Best Sound , and Best Film Editing . All five of its major actors and actresses were nominated , with secondary players Donna Reed and Frank Sinatra taking home Oscars . The candid film was based on James Jones ' controversial , best-selling novel about Army life on a Hawaiian ( Oahu ) military base just prior to the Pearl Harbor attack and World War II , illustrating the conflict between an individualistic private ( Montgomery Clift ) and rigid institutional authority ( exemplified by the Army ) . Its achievement of eight awards matched the then record held by Gone with the Wind ( 1939 ) . The record would be tied again the following year by On the Waterfront ( 1954 ) . Walt Disney won four awards , which remains the record for the most Oscars won in the same year .   William Holden 's speech for Best Actor for his role in Stalag 17 was simply `` Thank You '' , making it one of the shortest speeches ever ; the TV broadcast had a strict cutoff time which forced Holden 's quick remarks . The frustrated Holden personally paid for advertisements in the Hollywood trade publications to thank everyone he wanted to on Oscar night . He also remarked that he felt that either Burt Lancaster or Montgomery Clift should have won the Best Actor Oscar for From Here to Eternity , instead of him .

neg: Mark Lester Mark Lester ( born Mark A. Letzer ; 11 July 1958 ) is an English former child actor known for playing the title role in the 1968 musical film version of Oliver ! and starring in a number of other British and European films of the 1960s and 1970s and in a number of television series .

neg: Richard Cordery Richard Cordery is a character actor of film , television , and stage .

neg: John Reed (American football) John Reed was an American football coach in the United States .

neg: Rex Reed Rex Taylor Reed ( born October 2 , 1938 ) is an American film critic and former co-host of the syndicated television show At the Movies . He currently writes the column `` On the Town with Rex Reed '' for The New York Observer .

neg: Richard Cromwell (actor) Richard Cromwell , born LeRoy Melvin Radabaugh , was an American actor . His career was at its pinnacle with his work in Jezebel ( 1938 ) with Bette Davis and Henry Fonda and again with Fonda in John Ford 's Young Mr. Lincoln ( 1939 ) . Cromwell 's fame was perhaps first assured in The Lives of a Bengal Lancer ( 1935 ) , where he shared top billing with Gary Cooper and Franchot Tone . That film was the first major effort directed by Henry Hathaway and it was based upon the popular novel by Francis Yeats-Brown . The Lives of a Bengal Lancer earned Paramount Studios a nomination for Best Picture in 1935 , though Mutiny on the Bounty instead took the top award at the Oscars that year .   Leslie Halliwell in The Filmgoer 's Companion , summed up Cromwell 's enduring appeal when he described him as `` a leading man , -LSB- the -RSB- gentle hero of early sound films . ''

neg: Oliver! (song) `` Oliver ! '' is the title song from the 1960s original West End and Broadway musical Oliver ! and the 1968 film of the same name .

neg: Oliver James Oliver James may refer to :   Oliver James ( psychologist ) ( born 1953 ) , psychologist , journalist , author and television presenter  Oliver James ( actor ) ( born 1980 ) , English musician , singer , songwriter and actor  Oliver James ( footballer ) ( born 1987 ) , English professional footballer  Oliver James ( cricketer ) ( born 1990 ) , Welsh cricketer  Ollie Murray James ( 1871-1918 ) , American politician