query: Maynard James Keenan owns an organic produce market.

pos: Maynard James Keenan Maynard James Keenan ( born James Herbert Keenan ; April 17 , 1964 ) , often referred to by his initials MJK , is an American musician , record producer , winemaker , and actor , best known as the vocalist for Grammy Award-winning progressive metal band Tool . He is originally from Ohio , but spent his high school and college years in Michigan . After serving in the United States Army in the early 1980s , he attended Kendall College of Art and Design in Grand Rapids . He moved to Los Angeles , California in 1988 to pursue a career in interior design and set construction . Shortly thereafter , he formed the band Tool with Adam Jones .   Keenan is also the lead singer of A Perfect Circle . In 2003 , he created Puscifer as a side project and has subsequently released three studio albums . Since rising to fame , Keenan has been noted as being a recluse ; however , he does emerge to support charitable causes .   In addition to his music career , he has performed improvisational sketch comedy and ventured into acting . He currently owns Merkin Vineyards and the associated winery , Caduceus Cellars , which are located in Arizona , where he lives . Among other business ventures , he is a partner in the Los Angeles restaurant Cobras & Matadors , and also owns an organic produce market in Cornville , Arizona , which features a food court and a tasting room for his wines .

neg: Cran-Apple juice Cranapple is a trademark for a blend of cranberry juice and apple juice marketed by the Ocean Spray cooperative . The juice blend is marketed as combining the tartness of the cranberry with the sweet taste of the apple in a beverage that is fat and cholesterol free , low in sodium and is a source of vitamin C. Until 1963 , when the product was first developed , cranberries were sold in the form of cranberry juice and cranberry sauce primarily around Thanksgiving and Christmas time . The Cranapple blend helped turn the cranberry into a year-round product . Cranapple started a trend and was followed by other juice blends .   Marketing executive Edward Gelsthorpe was hired by the company in 1963 , having worked in the marketing and product development areas at Bristol-Myers . Gelsthorpe 's focus was to expand the company 's product base , recognizing that there was no way to convince people to `` eat cranberry sauce every time you have chicken '' , no matter how much money was spent on advertising . The company was struggling with a seasonal product and had been hit by consumer fears after a 1959 government warning that chemicals sprayed on the cranberries could cause cancer . Working together with food editor Sylvia Schur of Creative Food Services , he oversaw the development of the Cran-Apple blend that would balance the tart and sweet tastes of the respective juices .   The product was highly successful , and gave Ocean Spray a product that could be sold year round . Throughout his career , Gelsthorpe would carry the nickname `` Cranapple Ed '' .

neg: Oakland Coffee Works Oakland Coffee Works is a coffee company founded by Billie Joe Armstrong and Mike Dirnt of the rock band Green Day . Focusing on sustainability , it is the first coffee company in the world to offer only 100 % fully organic and compostable-packaged products .   The Financial Times reported Oakland Coffee 's launch in December 2015 as was the world 's first fully compostable 12 oz . coffee bags and fully compostable single-serve coffee cups .   Oakland Coffee sources their beans in the High Andes of Peru , and also in Bolivia and Honduras , and the coffee is organic and fair trade .   Oakland Coffee also launched a grass roots charitable organization in 2013 , working in partnership with Crescendos Alliance to support communities in Peru in regions where the coffee beans are grown .

neg: Planet Organic Planet Organic is a British supermarket chain , with seven branches in London .   It was founded by Renée Elliott , who was born in Pascagoula , Mississippi , US , and started it in 1995 .

neg: Enjoy Life Foods Enjoy Life Foods is an independently operated subsidiary of Mondelez International based in Chicago , Illinois that produces foods that are gluten-free and free-from the top 8 most common allergens as defined by the FDA . All products are free-from wheat , dairy , peanuts , tree nuts , egg , soy , fish , and shellfish , and made in a dedicated nut - and gluten-free bakery in Jeffersonville , Indiana .   The company was co-founded by Scott Mandell and Bert Cohen in 2001 and sells its products in the United States , Canada , Australia , the UK , and online .   Enjoy Life Foods caters to individuals with dietary restrictions , such as Gluten-Free Diets and nut allergies . The company is gluten-free certified by the Gluten Free Certification Organization ( GFCO ) , Kosher-certified by the Chicago Rabbinical Council ( cRc ) , Halal-certified by Islamic Food and Nutrition Council of America ( IFANCA ) , and makes many products that are vegan friendly . In addition to its products , Enjoy Life Foods also offers resources for consumers to live a gluten-free and casein-free life style .

neg: Syzygium malaccense Syzygium malaccense is a species of flowering tree native to Malaysia , Indonesia ( Sumatra and Java ) Vietnam , Thailand , New Guinea and Australia . It has been introduced throughout the tropics , including many Caribbean countries and territories such as Jamaica where it is known simply as `` Jamaican apple '' or the more common Otaheite apple .   Syzygium malaccense has a number of English common names . It is known as a Malay rose apple , or simply Malay apple , mountain apple , rose apple , Otaheite apple , pink satin-ash and pommerac ( derived from pomme Malac , meaning `` Malayan apple '' in French ) . Despite the fact that it is sometimes called the otaheite cashew , it is not related to cashew . While cashew nuts ( but not cashew fruits ) may trigger allergic reactions , rose apple fruit has not been observed to do so .   The combination of tree , flowers and fruit has been praised as the most beautiful of the Syzygium family . The fruit is oblong-shaped and dark red in color , although some varieties have white or pink skins . The flesh is white and surrounds a large seed . Its taste is bland but refreshing . Jam is prepared by stewing the flesh with brown sugar and ginger .   Malay apple is a strictly tropical tree and will be damaged by freezing temperatures . It thrives in humid climates with an annual rainfall of 152 cm or more . It can grow at a variety of altitudes , from sea level up to 2740 m . The tree can grow to 12 - in height . It flowers in early summer , bearing fruit three months afterward . In Costa Rica , it flowers earlier , with ripe fruit in April . Coffee growers use the species to divert birds .   In Hawaii , Syzygium malaccense is called mountain apple . When the Polynesians reached the Hawaiian Islands , they brought plants and animals that were important to them . The mountain apple was one of these `` canoe plants , '' arriving 1000 -- 1700 years ago .

neg: New Seasons Market New Seasons Market is a chain of privately owned grocery stores operating in the Portland Metro area of Oregon . New Seasons also has stores in Vancouver , Washington , and San Jose , California . Two stores are slated to open in the greater Seattle area in the next two years . Founded by three families and 50 of their friends in 1999 , the company currently operates 17 stores in the greater Portland/Vancouver metropolitan area , including : Hillsboro , Beaverton , Happy Valley , Vancouver , Tualatin , and Lake Oswego ; and one store in San Jose , California . Many of the products offered are organic and produced locally in the Pacific Northwest . The stores differ from most grocers by offering natural and conventional products side by side .

neg: Fine chemical Fine chemicals are complex , single , pure chemical substances , produced in limited quantities in multipurpose plants by multistep batch chemical or biotechnological processes . They are described by exacting specifications , used for further processing within the chemical industry and sold for more than $ 10/kg ( see the comparison of fine chemicals , commodities and specialties ) . The class of fine chemicals is subdivided either on the basis of the added value ( building blocks , advanced intermediates or active ingredients ) , or the type of business transaction , namely standard or exclusive products .   Fine chemicals are produced in limited volumes ( < 1000 tons/year ) and at relatively high prices ( > $ 10/kg ) according to exacting specifications , mainly by traditional organic synthesis in multipurpose chemical plants . Biotechnical processes are gaining ground . The global production value is about $ 85 billion . Fine chemicals are used as starting materials for specialty chemicals , particularly pharmaceuticals , biopharmaceuticals and agrochemicals . Custom manufacturing for the life science industry plays a big role ; however , a significant portion of the fine chemicals total production volume is manufactured in house by large users . The industry is fragmented and extends from small , privately owned companies to divisions of big , diversified chemical enterprises . The term `` fine chemicals '' is used in distinction to `` heavy chemicals '' , which are produced and handled in large lots and are often in a crude state .   Since their inception in the late 1970s , fine chemicals have become an important part of the chemical industry . The total production value of $ 85 billion is split about 60 / 40 among in-house production by the main consumers , the life science industry , on the one hand , and the fine chemicals industry on the other hand . The latter pursues both a `` supply push '' strategy , whereby standard products are developed in-house and offered ubiquitously , and a `` demand pull '' strategy , whereby products or services determined by the customer are provided exclusively on a `` one customer / one supplier '' basis . The products are mainly used as building blocks for proprietary products . The hardware of the top tier fine chemical companies has become almost identical . The design , lay-out and equipment of the plants and laboratories has become practically the same all over the world . Most chemical reactions performed go back to the days of the dyestuff industry . Numerous regulations determine the way labs and plants have to be operated , thereby contributing to the uniformity .

neg: Food Democracy Now! Food Democracy Now ! is a grassroots movement and non-governmental organization based in Iowa , whose stated aim is to build a sustainable food system that protects our natural environment , sustains farmers , and nourishes families . Food Democracy Now ! members organize both through online campaigns and in-person actions across the country . The movement was founded in 2007 by Dave Murphy , a native Iowan , and Lisa Stokke .   Within months after launching , Food Democracy Now ! gathered nearly 100,000 signatures in support of 12 candidates for undersecretary appointments in the U.S. Department of Agriculture . Since its founding the movement has grown to over 650,000 supporters throughout the United States . Food Democracy Now ! 's founder Dave Murphy is a frequent speaker on food politics issues and appears regularly on mainstream media outlets . The movement has been vocal in its support of small farmers and GMO labelling and is known for its opposition to the Farmer Assurance Provision , commonly known as the `` Monsanto Protection Act '' , and genetic modification of foods .

neg: Cranberry Cranberries are a group of evergreen dwarf shrubs or trailing vines in the subgenus Oxycoccus of the genus Vaccinium . In Britain , cranberry may refer to the native species Vaccinium oxycoccos , while in North America , cranberry may refer to Vaccinium macrocarpon . Vaccinium oxycoccos is cultivated in central and northern Europe , while Vaccinium macrocarpon is cultivated throughout the northern United States , Canada and Chile . In some methods of classification , Oxycoccus is regarded as a genus in its own right . They can be found in acidic bogs throughout the cooler regions of the northern hemisphere .   Cranberries are low , creeping shrubs or vines up to 2 m long and 5 to in height ; they have slender , wiry stems that are not thickly woody and have small evergreen leaves . The flowers are dark pink , with very distinct reflexed petals , leaving the style and stamens fully exposed and pointing forward . They are pollinated by bees . The fruit is a berry that is larger than the leaves of the plant ; it is initially light green , turning red when ripe . It is edible , with an acidic taste that can overwhelm its sweetness .   Cranberries are a major commercial crop in certain American states and Canadian provinces ( see cultivation and uses below ) . Most cranberries are processed into products such as juice , sauce , jam , and sweetened dried cranberries , with the remainder sold fresh to consumers . Cranberry sauce is a traditional accompaniment to turkey at Christmas dinner in the United Kingdom , and at Christmas and Thanksgiving dinners in the United States and Canada .

neg: Contract farming Contract farming involves agricultural production being carried out on the basis of an agreement between the buyer and farm producers . Sometimes it involves the buyer specifying the quality required and the price , with the farmer agreeing to deliver at a future date . More commonly , however , contracts outline conditions for the production of farm products and for their delivery to the buyer 's premises . The farmer undertakes to supply agreed quantities of a crop or livestock product , based on the quality standards and delivery requirements of the purchaser . In return , the buyer , usually a company , agrees to buy the product , often at a price that is established in advance . The company often also agrees to support the farmer through , e.g. , supplying inputs , assisting with land preparation , providing production advice and transporting produce to its premises . The term `` outgrower scheme '' is sometimes used synonymously with contract farming , most commonly in Eastern and Southern Africa . Contract farming can be used for many agricultural products , although in developing countries it is less common for staple crops such as rice and maize .

neg: Eliot Coleman Eliot Coleman ( born 1938 ) is an American farmer , author , agricultural researcher and educator , and proponent of organic farming . His 1989 book , The New Organic Grower , is important reading for organic farmers , especially market gardeners . He served for two years as Executive Director of the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements ( IFOAM ) , and was an advisor to the U.S. Department of Agriculture during its 1979 -- 80 study , Report and Recommendations on Organic Farming , a document that formed the basis for today 's legislated National Organic Program ( 2002 ) in the U.S.   On his Four Season Farm in Harborside , Brooksville , Maine , he produces year-round vegetable crops , even under harsh winter conditions ( for which he uses unheated and minimally heated greenhouses and polytunnels ) . He even manages to grow artichokes , claiming that `` I grow them just to make the Californians nervous . ''   Coleman is currently married to gardening author Barbara Damrosch . For several years , from 1993 , they co-hosted the TV series , Gardening Naturally , on The Learning Channel . Coleman and his wife continue to grow and locally market fresh produce .

neg: Lawrence D. Hills Lawrence Donegan Hills ( 1911 -- 1991 ) was a British horticulturalist , journalist , and writer , founder of the Henry Doubleday Research Association ( HDRA ) Bocking , near Braintree , Essex in 1954 , now Garden Organic . By the time he retired in 1986 , HDRA was the largest body of organic gardeners in the world and had moved to Ryton-on-Dunsmore , near Coventry .   Whilst researching a book called Russian Comfrey Comfrey , Hills discovered that this common plant was introduced in the nineteenth century by Henry Doubleday ( 1810 -- 1902 ) a Quaker smallholder who was so intrigued by its possibilities that he devoted the rest of his life to popularising it . Hills took up this crusade , finally naming his fledgling society in Doubleday 's memory .   Hills suffered from coeliac disease , which left him in a wheelchair until introduced to a wheat-free diet by Hilda Cherry Hills ( d. 1989 ) , a fellow author and noted nutritionist who became his wife . They had no children , but he once said he considered ` the ever-increasing membership of the Henry Doubleday Research Association is family enough for anyone ' .   He started his long career in practical horticulture when he was sixteen and wrote his first book mainly in RAF hospitals before being invalided out on D-Day . He was one of Britain 's best-known writers on organic gardening . Gardening correspondent of the Observer for eight years , then of Punch and The Countryman . He was Associate Editor of the Ecologist and Compost Science ( USA ) .   His many publications included Fertility Without Fertilisers , Down to Earth Gardening , and Organic Gardening but he was best known for Grow Your Own Fruit and Vegetables published by Faber & Faber in 1971 . It rapidly became a bible for gardeners , self-sufficiency enthusiasts and commercial organic growers . His autobiography was Fighting Like the Flowers ( 1989 ) .   In 1973 , his concern about a piece of European Union legislation outlawing historic varieties of vegetables , would lead to massive loss of genetic bio-diversity led to the setting up of HDRA 's vegetable seed library . Persistent lobbying of government eventually resulted in the world 's first vegetable gene bank where seed was deep frozen and stored forever .   Lawrence D Hills appeared on television , lectured and broadcast on the radio in Great Britain , the USA , South Africa , Belgium , France , Australia and New Zealand . HDRA hosted the 1987 television series on organic gardening All Muck and Magic which became so popular that it was one of Channel 4 's top five programmes , attracting 3.5 million viewers a week .   Lawrence Hills died in 1991 but was awarded an Honorary Doctorate by Coventry University the same year .

neg: Cruciferous vegetables Cruciferous vegetables are vegetables of the family Brassicaceae ( also called Cruciferae ) with many genera , species , and cultivars being raised for food production such as cauliflower , cabbage , garden cress , bok choy , broccoli , brussels sprouts and similar green leaf vegetables . The family takes its alternate name ( Cruciferae , New Latin for `` cross-bearing '' ) from the shape of their flowers , whose four petals resemble a cross .   Ten of the most common cruciferous vegetables eaten by people , known colloquially in North America as cole crops and in Britain and Ireland as `` brassicas '' , are in a single species ( Brassica oleracea ) ; they are not distinguished from one another taxonomically , only by horticultural category of cultivar groups . Numerous other genera and species in the family are also edible . Cruciferous vegetables are one of the dominant food crops worldwide . They are high in vitamin C and soluble fiber and contain multiple nutrients and phytochemicals .

neg: McKenzie Seeds McKenzie Seeds is a seed packaging company which has over 200 employees and is based in Brandon , Manitoba . It was established in 1896 by Dr. Albert Edward McKenzie , and is now Canada 's foremost seed supplier with 60 % of the market .   Its retail division sells seed under the brands McKenzie , Thompson & Morgan , Gusto Italia , and Pike , as well as other gardening products and accessories . Through a direct mail division it operates the brands McFayden and McConnell catalogues .

neg: Organic Food Federation The Organic Food Federation is a lobbying organization which certifies organic products in the United Kingdom .

neg: Marketing year A marketing year is a period of one year ( or sometimes less ) , designated for reporting and ( or ) analysis of production , marketing and disposition of a commodity . ( Disposition of an agricultural crop might include such uses as food , animal feed , industry , seed , and export , as well as changes in stocks . ) Because of year-to-year fluctuations in production , much marketing and disposition of some commodities may reflect production that occurred during a previous calendar year . For this reason , analysis is often facilitated if the marketing year for a crop commences at about the time of harvest . However , world markets or other factors may also influence choice of beginning date for the marketing year for some commodities in some countries . Especially in the case of certain perishable fresh fruits and vegetables , the marketing year may be less than a full year in length , because economic activity of interest for reporting and analysis may be concluded within just a few months .

neg: The Arcade (producers) The Arcade ( Kurtis Mckenzie and Jon Mills ) are a Grammy-nominated songwriting and music production duo , based in London . They co-produced and co-composed Iggy Azalea 's hit single `` Fancy '' , ( featuring Charli XCX ) , which has sold 7 million copies worldwide to date . The duo produced ` Beg For It ' the lead single of Reclassified the reissue of her debut studio album , with the song selling over 1,000,000 copies and certified Platinum in the United States .   The producers have worked with Iggy Azalea , Rita Ora , Conor Maynard , Taio Cruz , Tinie Tempah , Katy B , Maino , Nicola Roberts , and Khalid .

neg: Vanilla production in French Polynesia Vanilla production contributes to the local economy of French Polynesia . Although it was a major export crop after its introduction by the French in 1848 , vanilla is no longer a significant export product .   Vanilla was first introduced to French Polynesia by French colonizers as an export crop . Later , it became an important cash crop in the development of the island 's economy . In the early 20th century , production was much greater than it is today , with 150-200 tons produced annually and plantations employing a sizable percentage of the population . Over the years , its production has been influenced by several factors and has declined from a high of 200 tons to a 2013 yield of 60 tons . The largest concentration of the vanilla variety Vanilla tahitensis ( Tahitian vanilla ) is situated in the Society Islands . The island of Taha'a , known as the `` Vanilla Island '' because of its pervasive aroma of vanilla , produces about 80 % of all French Polynesia 's vanilla .

neg: Frontier Agriculture Frontier Agriculture Ltd is the UK 's largest crop production and grain marketing business , jointly owned by Associated British Foods and Cargill plc. .   As at 2016 , Frontier has a market share of 20 % of the grain market , trades around 5million mt of grain per annum and has an annual turnover in excess of # 1.5 bn . The Frontier seed business supplies 65,000 tonnes of seed to UK farmers . Frontier employs 140 agronomists , managing 750,000 hectares of land , and supported by a national trials programme that consists of over 12,000 replicated plots . Frontier is the largest UK distributor of fertiliser .   Frontier belongs to the Trade Assurance Scheme for Combinable Crops , run by the Agricultural Industries Confederation .

neg: Rogers Orchards Rogers Orchards , in Southington , Connecticut , is an agricultural-produce company owned and operated by members of the same family since its founding in 1807 and one of the leading agricultural producers in Connecticut .   Totaling 250 acre , it is Southington 's largest farm and the largest apple-grower in the state , selling wholesale to local stores and retail at its farmers ' markets .   It harvests and sells twenty varieties of apples annually , with McIntosh , Macoun , Cortland , and Empire among its most popular . Rogers Orchards also harvests and sells apricots , peaches , nectarines , plums , pumpkins , and other fruits and vegetables in season , and sells baked goods , honey and syrups , cut flowers , other farm-specialty products , and firewood .


query: Los Angeles, California was incorporated as a municipality on April 4, 1850.

pos: Los Angeles Los Angeles ( -LSB- lɒs_ˈændʒəlᵻs -RSB- , Spanish for `` The Angels '' ; -LSB- los ˈaŋxeles -RSB- ) , officially the City of Los Angeles and often known by its initials L.A. , is the cultural , financial , and commercial center of Southern California . With a census-estimated 2017 population of 4,042,000 , it is the second-most populous city in the United States ( after New York City ) and the most populous city in the state of California . Located in a large coastal basin surrounded on three sides by mountains reaching up to and over 10000 ft , Los Angeles covers an area of about 469 sqmi . The city is also the seat of Los Angeles County , the most populated county in the country . Los Angeles is the center of the Los Angeles metropolitan area , and is part of the larger designated Los Angeles-Long Beach combined statistical area ( CSA ) , the second most populous in the nation with a 2015 estimated population of 18.7 million .   Historically home to the Chumash and Tongva , Los Angeles was claimed by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo for Spain in 1542 along with the rest of what would become Alta California . The city was officially founded on September 4 , 1781 , by Spanish governor Felipe de Neve . It became a part of Mexico in 1821 following the Mexican War of Independence . In 1848 , at the end of the Mexican -- American War , Los Angeles and the rest of California were purchased as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo , thereby becoming part of the United States . Los Angeles was incorporated as a municipality on April 4 , 1850 , five months before California achieved statehood . The discovery of oil in the 1890s brought rapid growth to the city . The completion of the Los Angeles Aqueduct in 1913 , delivering water from Eastern California , later assured the city 's continued rapid growth .   Nicknamed the `` City of Angels '' , Los Angeles is known for its Mediterranean climate , ethnic diversity , and sprawling metropolis . The city is also one of the most substantial economic engines within the nation , with a diverse economy in a broad range of professional and cultural fields . Los Angeles is also famous as the home of Hollywood , a major center of the world entertainment industry . A global city , it has been ranked 6th in the Global Cities Index and 9th in the Global Economic Power Index . The Los Angeles combined statistical area ( CSA ) also has a gross metropolitan product ( GMP ) of $ 831 billion , making it the third-largest in the world , after the Greater Tokyo and New York metropolitan areas .

neg: Los Angeles High School Los Angeles High School is the oldest public high school in the Southern California Region and in the Los Angeles Unified School District . Its colors are royal blue and white and the teams are called the Romans .   Los Angeles High School is a public secondary high school , enrolling an estimated 2,000 students in grades 9-12 . After operating on a year-round basis consisting of three tracks for ten years , it was restored to a traditional calendar in 2010 . Los Angeles High School receives accreditation approval from the Western Association of Schools and Colleges ( WASC ) . Concurrent enrollment programs , provided in large by the Los Angeles Unified School District and the Los Angeles Community College District , are offered with West Los Angeles College , Los Angeles Trade Technical College , Los Angeles City College , or Santa Monica College .   Los Angeles High School is a large , urban , inner-city school located in the Mid-Wilshire District of Los Angeles . The attendance boundary consists of a contrasting spectrum of economic diversity ranging from affluent Hancock Park and Lafayette Square to the low-income , densely populated immigrant community of Koreatown . Within the school is a College Incentive Magnet Program . Forty-four percent of the student population is identified as LEP , or Limited English Proficient . Currently , 66 % of the students are identified as eligible to receive supplemental instructional services and materials through the Federal Title I Program .   The magnet high school has a university preparatory secondary high school program and a `` school within a school . '' First established as a part of student integration services in the 1970s , the Los Angeles High School Math/Science/Technology magnet prepares students with an intensive , rigorous course load in order to better prepare them for university entrance . There are 317 students enrolled in the magnet program , grades 9-12 .   Typically , the senior class has approximately 35 % of seniors entering into four-year universities and schools . The magnet senior class typically has 85 % of its senior class entering into four-year colleges and universities .

neg: Maritime history of California In the California coast , the use of ships and the Pacific Ocean has historically included water craft ( such as dugouts , canoes , sailing ships , and steamships ) , fisheries , shipbuilding , Gold Rush shipping , ports , shipwrecks , naval ships and installations , and lighthouses . The maritime history of California can be divided into several periods : the Native American period ; European exploration period from 1542 to 1769 ; the Spanish colonial period , 1769 to 1821 ; the Mexican period , 1821 to 1847 ; and United States statehood period , which continues to the present day .

neg: Rancho Los Feliz Rancho Los Feliz was a 6647 acre Spanish land concession in present day Los Angeles County , California given in 1795 by Spanish Governor Pedro Fages to José Vicente Feliz . The land of the grant includes Los Feliz and Griffith Park , and was bounded on the east by the Los Angeles River .

neg: Pasadena Presbyterian Church Pasadena Presbyterian is the first church in Pasadena , California , United States , it was established in 1875 . It is located at 585 East Colorado Boulevard.The Modern-style sanctuary was designed by architect John Gougeon of Gougeon-Woodman , completed in 1976 .   Los Angeles Children 's Chorus ( LACC ) has office and rehearsal space in Pasadena Presbyterian Church .

neg: Commerce, California Commerce is a city located in southeast Los Angeles County , California , United States . The population was 12,823 at the 2010 census , up from 12,568 at the 2000 census . It is bordered by Vernon on the west , Los Angeles on the northwest , East Los Angeles on the north , Montebello on the east , Downey and Bell Gardens on the south , and Maywood on the southwest . The Los Angeles River forms part of its southwestern boundary , and the Rio Hondo separates it from Downey . Commerce is served by the Long Beach and Santa Ana freeways , as well as the Metrolink commuter rail service at the Commerce station . It is usually referred to as the `` City of Commerce '' to distinguish it from the common noun .

neg: L. E. Timberlake Leonard E. Timberlake ( 1896 -- 1973 ) , who went by L.E. Timberlake or Lee Timberlake , was a former railroad employee and a travel bureau owner who was a member of the Los Angeles , California , City Council from 1945 to 1969 .

neg: California Highway Commission The California Highway Commission was established in 1895 and continued until 1978 as the primary state highway bureaucracy in California .   Their first noticeable efforts centered on the Lake Tahoe Wagon Road ( eventually to become U.S. Route 50 ) over the Sierra Nevada mountains . A series of municipal bond issues beginning in 1910 allowed the Highway Commission to grade and pave as much of the new California state highway system as quickly as possible .   A 1933 statute read in part :   The California highway commission shall have jurisdiction and authority as provided in this section with respect to any state highway lying within any municipality as specifically described by law , also with respect to a state highway , the natural course of which runs or passes into or through any municipality or contiguous municipalities . Unless any such route or routes within a municipality is specifically described by law it shall be the duty of the highway commission to designate and to determine the location of connecting portions either through or around the municipality as the commission may determine will be of the greatest benefit to through traffic and the said commission shall determine such connecting portions with respect to all state highways , the natural course of which runs or passes into or through any municipality .   In 1978 , the California Transportation Commission ( CTC ) replaced and assumed the responsibilities of four independent bodies : The California Highway Commission , the State Transportation Board , the State Aeronautics Board , and the California Toll Bridge Authority .

neg: Agustin Olvera Agustin Olvera ( 1818 -- 1876 ) was a pioneer of Los Angeles , California , and was active in the political affairs of the time .

neg: California Water Wars The California Water Wars were a series of conflicts between the city of Los Angeles and farmers and ranchers in the Owens Valley of Eastern California .   As Los Angeles grew in the late 19th century , it started to outgrow its water supply . Fred Eaton , mayor of Los Angeles , realized that water could flow from Owens Valley to Los Angeles via an aqueduct . The aqueduct construction was overseen by William Mulholland and was finished in 1913 . The water rights were acquired through political fighting and , as described by one author , `` chicanery , subterfuge ... and a strategy of lies . ''   Since 1913 , the Owens River had been diverted to Los Angeles , causing the ruin of the valley 's economy . By the 1920s , so much water was diverted from the Owens Valley that agriculture became difficult . This led to the farmers trying to destroy the aqueduct in 1924 . Los Angeles prevailed and kept the water flowing . By 1926 , Owens Lake at the bottom of Owens Valley was completely dry due to water diversion .   The water needs of Los Angeles kept growing . In 1941 , Los Angeles diverted water that previously fed Mono Lake , north of Owens Valley , into the aqueduct . Mono Lake 's ecosystem for migrating birds was threatened by dropping water levels . Between 1979 and 1994 , David Gaines and the Mono Lake Committee engaged in litigation with Los Angeles . The litigation forced Los Angeles to stop diverting water from around Mono Lake , which has started to rise back to a level that can support its ecosystem .

neg: Santa Ana Civic Center The Civic Center in Santa Ana is Orange County , California 's main center of government . The city of Santa Ana became the county seat of government in 1889 and continues to be the seat of government to this day . The architectural styles , both old and new found within the Civic Center and surrounding areas reflect its role as the county 's main seat of government .   The city of Santa Ana was established in 1869 by William Spurgeon on 74.27 acre of land purchased from the old Spanish land grant , Rancho Santiago de Santa Ana . The County of Orange was formed in 1889 by William Spurgeon and James McFadden and Santa Ana was chosen as the county seat of government because of its larger growth as a town over surrounding towns namely Orange . The Old Orange County Courthouse was built in 1901 and thus the town blossomed into the county 's main economic and political center . The surrounding old town buildings then became what is now Santa Ana 's Historical Downtown .

neg: History of Oakland, California The history of Oakland , a city in the county of Alameda , California , can be traced back to the founding of a settlement by Horace Carpentier , Edson Adams , and Andrew Moon in the 19th century . The area now known as Oakland had seen human occupation for thousands of years , but significant growth in the settlements that are now incorporated into the city did not occur until the Industrial Revolution . Oakland was first incorporated as a town in 1852 .

neg: Los Angeles Board of Trade Building Board of Trade Building is a historic building in Downtown Los Angeles that was opened in 1929 . Located at the northwest corner of Main Street and Seventh Street , the building was designed by Claud Beelman and Alexander Curlett in the Beaux Arts style with Classical Revival influence . The building was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 2008 and is one of more than ten Claud Beelman buildings included in the National Register .   Upon completion , the building had 230000 sqft of space and fourteen stores on the ground floor , with the remainder of the building utilized for offices . The building was the headquarters for the new California Stock Exchange starting in January 1930 . The exchange 's trading floor , located on the building 's second floor , was patterned after the New York Stock Exchange , measured 89 by 90 ft and was designed to accommodate 300 brokers . The exchange also included six trading posts with price indicators for 384 issues , a clearing-house , visitors ' gallery , smoking-room for members , private offices for executives , committee rooms and locker rooms . The first trade recorded on the exchange in January 1930 involved 100 shares of `` Bolsa Chica Oil ` A ' . ''   The Board of Trade Building was the first on the Pacific Coast to be built with automated elevators that stopped automatically on the floors where buttons were pressed , and without the need for an operator in the elevator car .   In 1945 , the Board of Trade Building was purchased for $ 1,250,000 by a syndicate represented by Gray Phelps & Co. .   Like many of the old buildings in downtown Los Angeles , the building has been converted into live/work lofts .

neg: History of Newport Beach, California The recorded history of the Newport Beach , California , region began when the area was first explored by Europeans in the 1500s . Prior to that time , Native Americans such as the Tongva and Juaneño / Luiseño people had been living in the area for thousands of years . Explorer Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo mapped the coastline in 1542 , but it was 200 years before Europeans settled the area . In 1769 , Newport was a small portion of the land grant of Don José Antonio Yorba I , first under Spanish and then Mexican rule . After the Civil War , the land was developed by American settlers : for ranching by James Irvine and for shipping by James McFadden . A small settlement was built around McFaddens ' Wharf ( at the location where the Newport Pier is today ) and it became the largest business of Orange County , California . Following the opening of the San Pedro Harbor in Los Angeles in 1899 , the commercial shipping industry in Newport declined . Newport Beach developed into a tourist and recreational boating community . in August 1906 , Newport Beach became incorporated as a city .

neg: Studio City, Los Angeles Studio City is a neighborhood in the city of Los Angeles , California , in the San Fernando Valley . It is named after the studio lot that was established in the area by film producer Mack Sennett in 1927 , now known as CBS Studio Center .

neg: San Bernardino County, California San Bernardino County , officially the County of San Bernardino , is a county located in the southern portion of the U.S. state of California . As of the 2010 census , the population was 2,035,210 , making it the fifth-most populous county in California , and the 12th-most populous in the United States . The county seat is San Bernardino .   San Bernardino County is included in the Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario , CA Metropolitan Statistical Area , also known as the Inland Empire , as well as the Los Angeles-Long Beach , CA Combined Statistical Area .   With an area of 20,105 square miles , San Bernardino County is the largest county in the United States by area , although some of Alaska 's boroughs and census areas are larger . It is larger than each of the nine smallest states , larger than the four smallest states combined , and larger than 70 different sovereign nations .   Located in southeast California , the thinly populated deserts and mountains of this vast county stretch from where the bulk of the county population resides in two Census County Divisions , some 1,422,745 people as of the 2010 Census , covering the 450 square miles ( 1,166 km2 ) south of the San Bernardino Mountains in San Bernardino Valley , to the Nevada border and the Colorado River .

neg: California Society of Certified Public Accountants The California Society of Certified Public Accountants ( CalCPA ) is the largest statewide professional association of certified public accountants in the United States with more than 42,000 members .   Although 1909 is considered the year CalCPA was officially founded , public accountant organizations began forming before that time in California . In January 1903 , CalCPA was first organized , followed by the formation of the Associated Certified Public Accountants of California , incorporated March 1906 , and the Southern California Association of Certified Public Accountants , formed in October 1908 . It was the merging of the three groups in 1909 that created the CalCPA that exists today .

neg: League of California Cities The League of California Cities is an association of cities within the state of California , founded in 1898 . Most of the state 's 482 cities are represented in the league . The League publishes Western City , a monthly magazine , and holds an annual conference and exposition The League advocates for cities at the state capitol , including proper distribution of state taxes to the cities . The main office is in Sacramento .

neg: Lakewood, California Lakewood is a city in Los Angeles County , California , United States . The population was 80,048 at the 2010 census . It is bordered by Long Beach on the west and south , Bellflower on the north , Cerritos on the northeast , Cypress on the east , and Hawaiian Gardens on the southeast . Major thoroughfares include Lakewood ( SR 19 ) , Bellflower , and Del Amo Boulevards and Carson and South Streets . The San Gabriel River Freeway ( I-605 ) runs through the city 's eastern regions .   Sometimes called `` an instant city '' because of its origins , going from lima bean fields in 1950 to a well-developed city by 1960 , Lakewood is a classic example of a post -- World War II American suburb .

neg: Horace Dobbins Horace M. Dobbins ( August 29 , 1868 -- September 21 , 1962 ) was a Philadelphia-born businessman and politician who served as Mayor of Pasadena , California , United States in 1900-1901 .   Horace Dobbins was known for building the California Cycleway from Pasadena to Los Angeles .  Horace Dobbins had the exclusive idea of incorporating an elevated tollway for bicycles and other horseless vehicles from the Green Hotel in Pasadena to Los Angeles . This idea was brought to mind on 23 August 1897 . Dobbins personally secured the right of way for six miles and the completed route was almost nine miles long . Unfortunately , the project came to a halt with the invention of the automobile . Although the Cycleway stopped being used , its route was transformed into what is now the Arroyo Seco/Pasadena Freeway which now is better known as 110 .   Dobbins entered politics very soon after arriving in Pasadena . He was elected a member of the city board of trustees of which he later became president . It was during the cycle craze that Dobbins was elected mayor of Pasadena on April 16 , 1900 . He served for one year in this position . Following the failure of the Cycleway , Dobbins turned to other pursuits , including the refurbishment of Los Angeles ' Agricultural Park ( now Exposition Park ) , the management of a hotel of in Philadelphia , and the design and sailing of yachts .   Dobbins was also involved with the Americus Club of Pasadena . This club was credited for saving the state for the Republican party in 1896 . The idea that Pasadena should organize a marching club was formed on a summer day of 1869 . The starters searched for people who were interested and as a result , Dobbins and few more people were invited to a special meeting . There were roles to fill in this organization , so Horace Dobbins served as an adjutant working with many other companies . Later on , after a period of about ten years of continuous active participation in the club , he succeeded Stearns as president .   During this period , before and after he became the mayor of Pasadena , he also had many other activities in addition to the Americus Club of Pasadena . For example , he was also involved with business , the best example being the California Cycleway . Before 1900 , he was the vice-president of the El Cajon Valley Company in San Diego county , California . This was a successful company at the time which supported him financially for a few years . After he retired from the office of mayor , he became a member of the Pasadena Board of Trade and the Los Angeles Chamber of Commerce which is now Southern California 's dominant business federation . It represents hundreds of thousands business interests in California , making it the largest not for profit business federation in Southern California today .   Apart from business , Dobbin was also very involved in medicine . He had been part of many medical organizations . He served as president of the Pasadena Board of Health . After a few years , he then moved on to Pasadena Hospital Association and again served as its president . Unlike other organizations he had served in , this one still operates today . Nowadays , it is better known as Pasadena 's Huntington Memorial Hospital .   In addition to his medical , business , and trade interests , Dobbin also participated in many entertainment organizations . Out of all them , he was especially actively connected with the Pasadena Tournament of Rose Associations . This includes what Pasadena is known for : the Rose Bowl Game , Rose Parades , and Rose Queens .   In his later years , Horace Dobbins became more involved with other activities and non-profit organizations , such as the Pasadena Country Club and the Cumberland Club ( which is in Portland , Maine ) .

neg: Largest cities in Southern California This is a list of the 100 largest cities in Southern California by population . Official definitions of cities are defined according to the concept of city proper . The list ranks the region 's urban municipal units ( or well-defined statistical groupings of sudech units ) according to the population . Note that the populations listed are for the city proper and not for the urban area nor the metropolitan area . Population figures for Southern California cities are based on the reports of the 2010 United States Census .


query: Gil Sharone began working on an album in any month except November.

pos: Gil Sharone Gil Sharone is an American drummer and member of the band Stolen Babies , Marilyn Manson , Team Sleep , and formerly The Dillinger Escape Plan . He was also a fill in for punk rock band +44 . His twin brother is Rani Sharone , also of Stolen Babies . He is highly regarded as one of the most versatile touring/session drummers in the world .   Sharone supported Mark Hoppus 's band +44 when Travis Barker broke his arm . Gil toured around Europe , Japan and Australia with +44 in early 2007 , it is believed he learned all of +44 's setlist on the flight from America to Europe . He played on Travis 's OCDP Drum Kit , which is a custom made transparent green . He started using Drum Workshop drums and hardware in October 2011 .   Sharone also recorded the drum tracks on the third Dillinger Escape Plan record Ire Works , and joined the band during all of their tour dates in 2008 ( he played the European tour in early 2008 both with Dillinger and also as support with Stolen Babies ) . Gil also performed on Maynard James Keenan 's V Is for Vagina album by Puscifer .   In January 2009 , it was announced that Sharone had parted ways with Dillinger Escape Plan , due to his focus on Stolen Babies and other personal projects including his DVD , Wicked Beats , based on the drumming styles of Ska , Rocksteady and Reggae .  Wicked Beats will be released through Hudson Music late 2010 .   Sharone played Teenage Alex on an episode of Full House along with his twin brother , who played Teenage Nicky .   As of November 2013 , Sharone began working with Marilyn Manson on a new album . On January 15 , 2015 The Pale Emperor was released . Sharone is currently working on the follow up Heaven Upside Down   due to be released in Summer 2017 .   Sharone was featured on Reggae Grammy winners Morgan Heritage track `` So Amazing '' on the album Strictly Roots ( 2016 ) . You can also hear his work playing on the film scores to `` John Wick , '' `` John Wick 2 , '' `` Slackers '' and the TV shows , `` Salem , '' `` Kingdom , '' and the Netflix series `` The Punisher ( 2017 ) . ''

neg: Nineteen 90 Nineteen '90 is the second studio album from Filipina singer-actress Regine Velasquez-Alcasid in November 1989 . When it was released , Velasquez was a new contract artist for Vicor Music Corp. and has signed up under Primeline Management Team under Ronnie Henares and Ida Henares . The album was recorded in Manila and was originally available in LPs and cassette . Later on , it was released in CD format .

neg: Hard Times for Lovers Hard Times For Lovers is an album by Judy Collins , released on Elektra Records in 1979 .   Collins ' first album of new material since Bread and Roses in 1976 , some extra publicity was earned as a result of the back cover of the Francesco Scavullo-photographed sleeve art , depicting most of a nude Collins as seen from the back . The album was still something of a commercial disappointment , however , peaking at # 54 on the Billboard Pop Albums charts .

neg: Grammy Award for Best New Artist The Grammy Award for Best New Artist has been awarded since 1959 . Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were handed out , for records released in the previous year . The award was not presented in 1967 . The official guidelines are as follows : `` For a new artist who releases , during the Eligibility Year , the first recording which establishes the public identity of that artist . '' Note that this is not necessarily the first album released by an artist .   It is sometimes asserted , with varying degrees of sincerity , that winning the award is a curse , as several award winners ( particularly from the late 1970s and early 1980s ) were never able to duplicate the success they experienced in their debut year . This viewpoint was expressed by former Starland Vocal Band member Taffy Danoff in a 2002 interview for VH1 's 100 Greatest One Hit Wonders : `` We got two of the five Grammys -- one was Best New Artist . So that was basically the kiss of death and I feel sorry for everyone who 's gotten it since . ''   The category is also notable for being the only one of its kind in which a Grammy Award was vacated . This occurred in 1990 after it was revealed winners Milli Vanilli did not contribute their own vocals on their debut album . The award was revoked , but was not handed out to another artist .   Of the 54 awards presented in the category since its inception , the honor has been presented to 25 solo female artists , 18 duos or groups , and 11 solo male artists . Between 1997 and 2003 , all the winners were solo female artists . Also , from 1993 to 2005 , no winner was a solo male artist . In 2006 , John Legend broke this trend , which started with Marc Cohn in 1992 . Only four artists have won both Best New Artist and Album of the Year in the same year : Bob Newhart in 1961 , Christopher Cross in 1981 , Lauryn Hill in 1999 and Norah Jones in 2003 .   Of all the winners , only three have been country artists . In 1997 , LeAnn Rimes became the first country artist to win the award . She was followed by Carrie Underwood in 2007 and Zac Brown Band in 2010 . Additionally , 2017 marked the first time that two country artists were nominated in this category in the same year .   1984 marked the first time that all of the nominees were from outside of the United States ( Winner Culture Club , Eurythmics , and Musical Youth were from England , Big Country was from Scotland , and Men Without Hats were from Canada ) .

neg: November Blues November Blues is a young adult novel by Sharon M. Draper , first published in 2007 . It is the second of the Jericho trilogy , the sequel to The Battle of Jericho . The book tackles and discusses the issue of teen pregnancy , as well as making the readers aware that actions always have consequences and that taking responsibility for those actions is always very important .

neg: Lene Lovich Lene Lovich ( -LSB- leɪnə_lʌvɪtʃ -RSB- , born March 30 , 1949 ) is an English-American singer , songwriter and musician of Serbian and English descent based in England . She first gained attention in 1979 with the release of her hit single `` Lucky Number '' , which peaked at number 3 on the UK Singles Chart and made her a leading figure of the new wave music scene .   Born in Detroit , Michigan , Lovich moved to England at the age of 13 , where she met guitarist and songwriter Les Chappell , who later became her long-time music collaborator and life partner . She developed an interest in art and theater , enrolling at the Central School of Art and Design where she took saxophone lessons . In 1975 , she joined the band the Diversions and shortly afterwards wrote the lyrics to Cerrone 's single `` Supernature '' . After the band broke up , Lovich started looking for another band that would let her join and contacted the radio presenter Charlie Gillett , who got her to record a demo of Tommy James and the Shondells ' song `` I Think We 're Alone Now '' and played it to Dave Robinson of Stiff Records , who decided to sign Lovich . The song was released as a single and appeared on her debut studio album Stateless ( 1978 ) , which produced the single `` Lucky Number '' .   She released two more albums , Flex ( 1979 ) and No Man 's Land ( 1982 ) , on Stiff Records . In 1989 , she independently released the album March , before her 15-year hiatus . She focused more on her family but came back in 2005 with the release of her album Shadows and Dust .   In 2013 , she established her own publishing label , Flex Music , and released a re-mastered version of all her previous albums in a limited edition box set .

neg: From Elvis in Memphis From Elvis in Memphis is the fifteenth studio album by American rock and roll singer Elvis Presley , released on RCA Records . It was recorded at American Sound Studio in Memphis in January and February 1969 under the direction of producer Chips Moman and backed by its house band , informally known as `` The Memphis Boys '' . Following the success of Presley 's 1968 Christmas television special and its soundtrack , the album marked Presley 's return to non-soundtrack albums after the completion of his film contract with Paramount Pictures .   Presley 's entourage convinced him to leave the RCA studios and record this album at American Sound , a new Memphis studio at the peak of a hit-producing streak . The reason for going to Moman 's studio was for the soul sound of the house band , ` the Memphis Boys ' . The predominance of country songs among those recorded in these sessions gives them the feel of the `` country soul '' style . This impression is emphasized by the frequent use of the dobro in the arrangements . In any case , the Memphis Boys have a solidly southern soul sound .   From Elvis in Memphis was released in June 1969 to favorable reviews . The album peaked at number 13 on the Billboard 200 , number two on the country charts and number one in the United Kingdom , and its single `` In the Ghetto '' reached number three on the Billboard Hot 100 . The album was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America in 1970 . In later years , it garnered further favorable reviews , while it was ranked number 190 on Rolling Stone magazine 's 2003 list of the 500 greatest albums of all time .

neg: Scandinavian Nights Scandinavian Nights is a double live album by the British hard rock band Deep Purple . It was originally recorded by Swedish National Radio for a radio show called Tonkraft at the Stockholm Konserthuset on 12 November 1970 , but not released until 1988 . The tapes were re-mixed by Tom Leader at Angel Studios in London . It remains the prime example of the early Mk II set list and ferocious concert dynamics . The set list comprises songs from the album Deep Purple in Rock and long instrumentals from earlier albums . The two songs `` Mandrake Root '' and `` Wring that Neck '' took up half the concert in the early days , until the Fireball tour .   The US double CD , released in 1992 , was titled Live and Rare , while the European double vinyl and double CD , released in 1988 , were both titled Scandinavian Nights . The European vinyl release contained a limited edition picture booklet . The track timings printed ( on both European vinyl and CD ) refer to the length of the actual songs , in-between pauses are not included , but the timings on the US CDs do include the pauses .   The original master tapes were later discovered and remixed for a re-release as Live in Stockholm by Purple Records in 2005 , with improved sound quality . On the original release the song running order was adjusted to fit the timing-restrictions of vinyl , and the CD edition unnecessarily mimicked this ; Live in Stockholm features the set list in the correct order .   A new edition of the album , titled Stockholm 1970 , was released in 2014 by EDEL as part of `` The Official Deep Purple ( Overseas ) Live Series '' with additional material : two songs recorded in Paris in 1970 ; contemporary Jon Lord interview ; a bonus DVD with Deep Purple 's performance at Granada TV in 1970 , previously released on VHS as Doing Their Thing .   The original 1988 album cover was featured in Pitchfork Media 's 2005 list of `` The Worst Record Covers of All Time '' .

neg: Nobody's Perfect (Deep Purple album) Nobody 's Perfect is a live album released in 1988 by the British rock band Deep Purple . It was recorded during the tour in support of The House of Blue Light in 1987 in Europe and the US . The outer sleeve photography was designed by Aubrey Powell of Hipgnosis .   Track transitions are marked by fades . It also contains a new live in studio version of `` Hush '' to commemorate their 20th anniversary . `` Black Night '' was also re-recorded but never released . `` Hard Lovin ' Woman '' includes parts of `` Under the Gun '' during Blackmore 's guitar solo . `` Strange Kind of Woman '' includes the `` Superstar '' chorus from Jesus Christ Superstar . `` Woman from Tokyo '' changes into `` Everyday '' by Buddy Holly halfway through . The album represented Deep Purple 's setlist at the time , which consisted much of the typical Made in Japan set , combined with newer material from the 1984 reunion album Perfect Strangers and The House of Blue Light . Songs such as `` The Unwritten Law '' and `` Difficult to Cure '' ( which included an extended-riff from Beethoven 's Ninth Symphony , 4th Movement ) were played every night on the tour , but were not included on this album .

neg: The Fabulous Johnny Cash The Fabulous Johnny Cash is the third studio album by American country singer , Johnny Cash . It was released on November 3 , 1958 by Columbia Records , long after Cash 's departure from Sun Records , and was re-issued in 2002 by Sony Music 's Legacy imprint . The re-issue contains six bonus tracks and unedited versions of the songs . Legacy Records reissued the album in 180 gram vinyl for Record Store Day in November 23 , 2012 .   The album features five tracks written by Cash and backing vocal performances by The Jordanaires ( who at this time were also regulars on Elvis Presley 's recording sessions for RCA Records ) . Overall , even though the album is only 29 minutes in length , it is considered one of Cash 's most cohesive pieces . This is largely because his sessions with Columbia were completed over a two-month period . That is greatly reduced when compared to the year by year sessions by Sun Records . The Fabulous Johnny Cash was a successful debut on Columbia for Cash as it sold over half a million copies during its initial release . The album was recorded simultaneously with Hymns by Johnny Cash , released in 1959 .

neg: E=MC² (Mariah Carey album) E = MC ² is the eleventh studio album by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey . It was released in the United States on April 15 , 2008 by Island Records . The singer began recording the album in 2007 in Anguilla , after writing and composing most of its material during and after her 2006 Adventures of Mimi Tour . Carey worked with several notable songwriters and producers during the course of the project , including Jermaine Dupri , Bryan-Michael Cox , Stargate , The-Dream , Tricky Stewart , Scott Storch and Danja .   The album revealed a more personal side of the singer , illustrated in its declarative theme of emancipation from her previous marriage , and from her personal and professional setbacks . Although it shared similar vocal production as well as an inclination to her signature pop and R&B ballads , the album also encompassed a variety of dance-oriented and uptempo styles . It was meant to be a continuation , or a second part of her tenth studio album , The Emancipation of Mimi ( 2005 ) . Carey collaborated with a number of artists on the album , including T-Pain , Damian Marley and Young Jeezy . Though considered by critics very similar to the formula its predecessor had been built on , E = MC ² included other genres she had never explored , such as reggae , and her continued recording of gospel-influenced hymns .   E = MC ² was generally well received by music critics , with many complimenting the record 's broad genre influences , and musical and production styles . Some critics , however , felt that the album was too similar to The Emancipation of Mimi , and did n't offer anything new from the formula . The album debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 with opening week sales of 463,000 copies ; the highest first-week sales of Carey 's career . It opened inside the top-five on the albums chart in Australia , Canada , Switzerland and the United Kingdom . The album achieved worldwide sales of over 2.5 million copies .   Four singles were commission in promotion of the album . The album 's lead single , `` Touch My Body '' , became Carey 's eighteenth chart topper on the Billboard Hot 100 , making her the solo artist with the most number one singles in United States history , surpassing the record held by Elvis Presley . Additionally , it gave Carey her 79th week atop the chart , tying Presley for most weeks at number one . It achieved strong worldwide charting , peaking within the top five of the singles charts in Italy , Japan , New Zealand , Switzerland and the United Kingdom . `` Bye Bye '' served as the album 's second release . Although hailed by critics , and expected to have achieved large commercial success , the song stalled at number nineteen on the Hot 100 , and managed to chart weakly internationally . Both the third and fourth singles , `` I 'll Be Lovin ' U Long Time '' and `` I Stay in Love '' failed to garner success in any prominent music market .

neg: A Period of Transition A Period of Transition is the ninth studio album by Northern Irish singer/songwriter Van Morrison , released in 1977 ( see 1977 in music ) . It was his first album in two and a half years , largely forgotten or overlooked by most casual fans . At the time of its release it was received with some disappointment by critics and fans : `` Most were hoping for a work of primeval vocal aggression that would challenge the emerging élite of Morrison pretenders , whose ranks included Bruce Springsteen , Bob Seger , Phil Lynott , Graham Parker and Elvis Costello . '' However , the album is still notable for several major compositions , including `` Heavy Connection , '' `` Flamingos Fly , '' `` The Eternal Kansas City '' and `` Cold Wind in August '' .   Morrison had appeared in The Last Waltz with Mac Rebennack ( Dr. John ) who was a co-producer on this album as well as playing keyboards and guitar .

neg: Hearts and Bones Hearts and Bones is the sixth solo studio album by Paul Simon . It was released in 1983 .   The album was originally intended to be called Think Too Much , but Mo Ostin , president of Warner Bros. . Records , persuaded Simon to change it to Hearts and Bones . The album was written and recorded following Simon & Garfunkel 's The Concert in Central Park in 1981 , and the world tour of 1982-1983 . Several songs intended for Think Too Much were previewed on tour , and Art Garfunkel worked on some of the songs with Simon in the studio , with an intention that the finished product would be an all-new Simon & Garfunkel studio album . Garfunkel left the project and Simon worked the material into a solo album .

neg: Shine (Wale album) Shine is the fifth studio album by American rapper Wale . It was released on April 28 , 2017 , by Maybach Music Group , Atlantic Records and Every Blue Moon .

neg: The Novembers THE NOVEMBERS is a four-piece Japanese alternative rock band . A preceding band was first formed in 2002 by Kobayashi Yusuke and Takamatsu Hirofumi .   Subsequently , the preceding band disbanded in 2005 , and `` The Novembers '' was officially formed in March 2005 with Kobayashi and Takamatsu joined first by drummer Yoshiki Ryousuke in August 2005 , before its current lineup solidified in October 2005 with the arrival of Matsumoto Kengo .   The band released two demo albums in 2006 before making its indie debut on UK Project 's Daizawa Record with the release of their album , `` The Novembers '' in November , 2007 .

neg: Dennis Johnson (composer) Dennis Johnson ( born 1938 ) is credited as having composed the first truly ` Minimal ' composition ` November ' , which was written for solo piano in 1959 ( later revised ) .   ` November ' is famous for being the inspiration for Johnson 's UCLA college friend La Monte Young 's 1964 composition ` The Well-Tuned Piano ' .   The work has been painstakingly reconstructed from a 1962 ( 112min ) cassette recording , and six pages of the original score , by the composer and musicologist Kyle Gann , who first performed a four and a half hour version in 2009 with Sarah Cahill . Gann has produced a new performance score based on the original material that R. Andrew Lee has recorded in a five hour version released in 2013 by Irritable Hedgehog Music , receiving good reviews and a renewed interest in this seminal work of minimalism . In 2017 the Dutch pianist and composer Jeroen van Veen released ` November ' as part of his 8 disc Minimal Piano Collection Vol XXI-XXVIII .   Dennis Johnson gave up music around 1962 and moved into mathematics ( working for a time at Caltech , the private research university in Pasadena ) leaving this one fascinating and influential work that features many of the elements that would later become the basic staples of 1960s and early 1970s ` Minimalism ' .

neg: One Nation Under a Groove One Nation Under a Groove is the tenth studio album by American funk and rock band Funkadelic , released in September 1978 on Warner Bros. . Records . Recording sessions took place at United Sound Studio in Detroit , Michigan , with one song recorded live on April 15 , 1978 at the Monroe Civic Center in Monroe , Louisiana . The album was the first album to include keyboardist and frequent songwriter Walter `` Junie '' Morrison .   One Nation Under a Groove was Funkadelic 's most commercially successful album , and one of its most critically lauded . It is also regarded by many as the greatest funk album of all time and ranks at or near the top of many `` best album '' lists in disparate genres . The album was later featured on Vibe magazine 's 100 Essential Albums of the 20th Century list . In 2003 , the album is ranked number 177 on Rolling Stone magazine 's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time . The album is listed as one of the 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die .

neg: Grammy Award for Producer of the Year, Classical The Grammy Award for Producer of the Year , Classical is an honor presented to record producers for quality classical music productions at the Grammy Awards , a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards . Honors in several categories are presented at the ceremony annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to `` honor artistic achievement , technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry , without regard to album sales or chart position '' .   Originally known as the Grammy Award for Classical Producer of the Year , the award was first presented to James Mallinson at the 22nd Grammy Awards ( 1980 ) . The name remained unchanged until 1998 , when the category became known as Producer of the Year , Classical . According to the category description guide for the 52nd Grammy Awards , the award is presented to album producers `` whose recordings , released for the first time during the eligibility year , represent consistently outstanding creativity in the production of classical recordings '' . Producers must have produced at least 51 % playing time on three separately released recordings ( only one of which can be an opera released in DVD format ) . Producers may submit content as a team only if they worked together exclusively during the period of eligibility .  Anthony Tommasini , music critic for The New York Times , asserted that `` In the struggling field of classical recording , it 's the producers who take the real risks and make things happen . '' The honor is presented alongside the award for Producer of the Year , Non-Classical .   As of 2015 , Steven Epstein and Robert Woods share the record of the most wins , with seven each . Judith Sherman has won the award four times , while David Frost and James Mallinson have been presented the award three times each . Two-time recipients include Joanna Nickrenz ( once alongside Marc Aubort ) . Woods ' wife , Elaine Martone , received the honor in 2007 . David Frost is the son of Thomas Frost , who received an award in the same category in 1987 .

neg: ¡Dos! ¡ Dos ! is the tenth studio album by American punk rock band Green Day . The album was released on November 9 , 2012 in Australia , November 12 in the United Kingdom and on November 13 in the United States through Reprise Records . It is the second installment in the ¡ Uno ! ¡ Dos ! ¡ Tré ! trilogy . Following its predecessor 's power pop style , ¡ Dos ! was billed as Green Day 's take on garage rock .   The album garnered the highest average reviews of all three trilogy albums , receiving generally positive reviews from music critics , who praised its dynamic style and catchy songs ; others found its music dull and observed filler on the album . It debuted at number nine on the US Billboard 200 , with first-week sales of 69,000 copies in the United States , a low for the band , becoming their first album since signing to a major record label to not sell 100,000 records in its first week .

neg: List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1983 The Billboard 200 , published in Billboard magazine , is a weekly chart that ranks the highest-selling music albums and EPs in the United States . In 1983 , the name of the chart was Top LPs & Tape . Before Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991 , Billboard estimated sales from a representative sampling of record stores nationwide , using telephone , fax or messenger service . Data were based on rankings made by the record stores of the best-selling records , not on actual sales figures .   There were six number-one albums on this chart in 1983 , including the debut album of the Australian band Men at Work , Business as Usual , which spent the last seven weeks of 1982 and the first eight weeks of 1983 at number one , and was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) in 1984 . Thriller , the sixth studio album by recording artist Michael Jackson , was released on November 1982 . It peaked at number one for twenty-two non-consecutive weeks in 1983 with another fifteen consecutive weeks at the top into the following year , and seven songs from the album became top ten singles between late 1982 and early 1984 . Two of them : `` Billie Jean '' and `` Beat It '' , reached the top position of the Billboard Hot 100 . Thriller won eight Grammy Awards , including Album of the Year at the 26th Grammy Awards , and was the best-selling album of 1983 with more than fifteen million copies sold . In 2008 , twenty-five years after its release , the record was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame , and a few weeks later , it was among twenty-five recordings preserved by the Library of Congress to the National Recording Registry as `` culturally significant '' .   Flashdance , the soundtrack to the 1983 musical and romance film of the same name , peaked at number one for two weeks and won the Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture . The two singles released from the album , `` Flashdance ... What a Feeling '' by Irene Cara , and `` Maniac '' by Michael Sembello , reached the top of the singles chart in 1983 . The New York Times considered the British band The Police to be the year 's most influential rock band . Australian , British , and American bands copied the white-reggae formula of their ( The Police 's ) earlier successes . The group released their fifth and final studio album , Synchronicity , in 1983 . The album , a varied accomplished blend of rock , funk , and third-world rhythms , stayed at number one for seventeen weeks and was certified four times platinum by the RIAA in 1984 . Metal Health , the third album by heavy metal band Quiet Riot , peaked at number one for one week , becoming the first heavy metal record to reach the top of the Billboard 200 . Singer-songwriter Lionel Richie released his second album Ca n't Slow Down in 1983 , which spent three weeks at the top and won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year at the 27th Grammy Awards .

neg: Nothing Gold Can Stay (album) Nothing Gold Can Stay is the debut studio album by American rock band New Found Glory , released on October 19 , 1999 through independent record label Eulogy Recordings . At the time , the band was then named `` A New Found Glory '' , but later dropped the indefinite article `` A '' due to some fans struggling to find their records in stores . The original pressings of the album contained samplings from several films including The Outsiders ( 1983 ) , Weird Science ( 1985 ) , and That Thing You Do ! ( 1996 ) , as well as Robert Frost 's poem `` Nothing Gold Can Stay '' , after which the album is named .   On the strength of the release , Richard Reines , co-founder of Drive-Thru Records , signed the band after paying Eulogy a $ 5,000 license fee in order to re-release the album . Propelled by debut single `` Hit or Miss '' , Nothing Gold Can Stay garnered a cult following and sold in excess of 300,000 copies . The record was responsible for breaking the band in the United States and has been noted for its influence on contemporary pop punk music .