query: Wikipedia has articles in only english.

pos: Wikipedia Wikipedia ( -LSB- wɪkiˈpiːdiə -RSB- ) is a free online encyclopedia with the aim to allow anyone to edit articles . Wikipedia is the largest and most popular general reference work on the Internet and is ranked among the ten most popular websites . Wikipedia is owned by the nonprofit Wikimedia Foundation .   Wikipedia was launched on January 15 , 2001 , by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger . Sanger coined Wikipedia , a portmanteau of wiki and encyclopedia . There was only the English language version initially , but it quickly developed similar versions in other languages , which differ in content and in editing practices . With articles , the English Wikipedia is the largest of the more than 290 Wikipedia encyclopedias . Overall , Wikipedia consists of more than 40 million articles in more than 250 different languages and , , it had 18 billion page views and nearly 500 million unique visitors each month .   As of March 2017 , Wikipedia has about forty thousand high-quality articles known as Featured Articles and Good Articles that cover vital topics . In 2005 , Nature published a peer review comparing 42 science articles from Encyclopædia Britannica and Wikipedia , and found that Wikipedia 's level of accuracy approached Encyclopædia Britannicas . Criticism of Wikipedia includes claims that it exhibits systemic bias , presents a mixture of `` truths , half truths , and some falsehoods '' , and that , in controversial topics , it is subject to manipulation and spin .

neg: Word list of the Dutch language The Word list of the Dutch language ( Woordenlijst Nederlandse Taal , -LSB- ˈʋoːrdənˌlɛist ˈneːdərˌlɑntsə ˈtaːl -RSB- ) is a list of words in the correct official spelling of the Dutch language ( Dutch orthography ) . It is officially established by the Dutch Language Union ( Nederlandse Taalunie ) , and is published in dictionary style . Because of the colour of its published form , it is better known as the Green Booklet ( het Groene Boekje ) . It differs from a dictionary in that it does not give the meanings of the words .

neg: Wiki-PR editing of Wikipedia Wiki-PR is a consulting firm that formerly marketed the ability to edit Wikipedia by '' ... directly edit -LSB- ing -RSB- your page using our network of established Wikipedia editors and admin -LSB- s -RSB- . '' It was then banned , including all of its employees , contractors , and owners , by the Wikipedia community for unethical editing . Despite the ban , the firm still markets its ability to advise clients on how to interact with the Wikipedia community .   The company gained media attention in 2013 after a sockpuppet investigation related to the company resulted in more than 250 Wikipedia user accounts being blocked or banned . The Wikimedia Foundation changed its terms of use in the wake of the investigation , requiring anyone paid to edit Wikipedia to openly disclose their affiliations .

neg: Wikivoyage Wikivoyage is a free web-based travel guide for travel destinations and travel topics written by volunteer authors . It is a sister project of Wikipedia and supported and hosted by the same non-profit Wikimedia Foundation . Wikivoyage has been called the `` Wikipedia of travel guides '' .   The project was started when editors at the German and then Italian versions of Wikitravel decided in September 2006 to move their editing activities and then current content to a new site , in accordance with the site license , a procedure known as `` forking '' . The resulting site went live as `` Wikivoyage '' on December 10 , 2006 and was owned and operated by a German association set up for that purpose , Wikivoyage e.V. ( which continues to be its representative association ) . Content was published under the copyleft license Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike .   In 2012 , following a lengthy history of dissatisfaction with their existing host , the English-language version community of Wikitravel also decided as a community to fork their project . In a two-way move , the English Wikitravel community re-merged with Wikivoyage under the Wikivoyage brand , and also all Wikivoyage language versions moved their operations to be hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation ( WMF ) , a non-profit organization hosting several of the world 's largest wiki-based communities such as Wikipedia . Following agreements by the various communities involved and the Wikimedia Foundation , the site was moved to the WMF servers in December 2012 and the whole of Wikivoyage was officially re-launched as a Wikimedia project on January 15 , 2013 , the day of the 12th anniversary of Wikipedia 's launch .

neg: Corsican Wikipedia The Corsican Wikipedia ( Corsipedia ) is the Corsican language edition of the free online encyclopedia Wikipedia . It was created on November 2003 .

neg: English writing style An English writing style is a way of using the English language .   The style of a piece of writing is the way in which features of the language are used to convey meaning , typically but not always within the constraints of more widely accepted conventions of usage , grammar , and speling .   An individual 's writing style may be a very personal thing . Organizations that employ writers or commission written work from individuals may require that writers conform to a standardized style defined by the organization . This allows a consistent readability of composite works produced by many authors , and promotes usability of , for example , references to other cited works .   In many kinds of professional writing aiming for effective transfer of information , adherence to a standardised style of writing helps readers make sense of what the writer is presenting . Many standardised styles are documented in style guides . Some styles are more widely used , others restricted to a particular journal . Adherence to no particular style is also a style in its own right ; some may think it undesirable , others not .

neg: WordNet WordNet is a lexical database for the English language . It groups English words into sets of synonyms called synsets , provides short definitions and usage examples , and records a number of relations among these synonym sets or their members . WordNet can thus be seen as a combination of dictionary and thesaurus . While it is accessible to human users via a web browser , its primary use is in automatic text analysis and artificial intelligence applications . The database and software tools have been released under a BSD style license and are freely available for download from the WordNet website . Both the lexicographic data ( lexicographer files ) and the compiler ( called grind ) for producing the distributed database are available .

neg: Monmouthpedia Monmouthpedia ( styled as ) is a collaborative project linking the online encyclopaedia Wikipedia and the town of Monmouth in South Wales .   The project uses QRpedia QR codes to provide multilingual smart phone access to Wikipedia articles covering notable subjects in Monmouth , such as places , people , artefacts , flora and fauna . It was formally launched on 19 May 2012 , and led to Monmouth being described as the `` world 's first Wikipedia town '' . The project was awarded the `` Excellence in Marketing '' award at the Monmouthshire Business Awards .

neg: Sanskrit Wikipedia Sanskrit Wikipedia ( also known as sawiki ) is the Sanskrit edition of Wikipedia , a free , web-based , collaborative , multilingual encyclopedia project supported by the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation . Its five thousand articles have been written collaboratively by volunteers around the world , with major concentration of contributors in India and Nepal .   Founded in December 2003 , it reached five thousand articles by August 2011 .   The Sanskrit Wikipedia Community also participated in a project named Tell us about your Wikipedia , and Community news from Sanskrit Wikipedia also came on WikiPatrika , a community-written and community-edited newspaper , covering stories , events and reports related to Wikipedia and the Wikimedia Foundation sister projects in India .   As of August 2016 , it has 10,177 articles and is the 132th largest version of Wikipedia . The Times of India considered that `` Sanskrit was making a comeback , thanks to Wikipedia community '' Mother India considered the Sanskrit Wikipedia as a `` wonderful learning tool ''

neg: Bibliography of encyclopedias This is intended to be as comprehensive as possible list of encyclopedias and encyclopedic/biographical dictionaries ever published in any language . The list will not include reprinted editions but it is intended to list an alphabetical bibliography by theme and language to anything which resembles an A-Z encyclopedia or encyclopedic dictionary , both print and online . Entries are in the English language unless specifically stated as otherwise . Several entries may overlap and be listed under several different topics . For a simple list without bibliographic information see Lists of encyclopedias .

neg: English-language radio English-language radio refers to radio stations that broadcast primarily in the English language and are located in countries where English is not an official language or majority language . Often referred to as `` English-speaking radio '' or `` Expat radio '' the broadcasts enables expats , vacationers and travelers to listen to radio in their native language while traveling abroad . The idea is that stations broadcast in English to popular holiday destinations such as Pattaya or the French Riviera or places with high expat communities . English language broadcasting also takes the form of military-backed radio such as the American Forces Network . However English-language radio based in foreign countries has to now compete with the introduction of internet radio and satellite technology that has increased listener 's access to English-language radio based in `` home '' counties .

neg: Business English Business English is a part of English for specific purposes and can be considered a specialism within English language learning and teaching . Many non-native English speakers study the subject with the goal of doing business with English-speaking countries , or with companies located outside the English-speaking world but which nonetheless use English as a shared language or lingua franca . Much of the English communication that takes place within business circles all over the world occurs between non-native speakers . In cases such as these , the object of the exercise is efficient and effective communication . The strict rules of grammar are in such cases sometimes ignored , when , for example , a stressed negotiator 's only goal is to reach an agreement as quickly as possible . ( See linguist Braj Kachru 's theory of the `` expanding circle '' . )   Business English means different things to different people . For some , it focuses on vocabulary and topics used in the worlds of business , trade , finance , and international relations . For others it refers to the communication skills used in the workplace , and focuses on the language and skills needed for typical business communication such as presentations , negotiations , meetings , small talk , socializing , correspondence , report writing , and a systematic approach . In both of these cases it can be taught to native speakers of English , for example , high school students preparing to enter the job market .   Business English is a variant of international English . One can study it at a college or university . Institutes around the world have courses or modules in BE available , which can lead to a degree in the subject .

neg: English law (disambiguation) English Law , English Bill , English Act , or variation , may refer to :   Law of the United Kingdom  English law , the law of England  Common law , the body of laws descended from England  Legal English , the specialized English used in courts of law and legal writing  English Bill , a bill proposed by William Hayden English in the United States Congress  English Language Unity Act , the bill introduced to define English as the official language of the United States  Charter of the French Language ( Bill 101 ) , the act of law banning and proscribing uses of English in Quebec  Pleading in English Act 1362 , the law of England making English instead of courtly French the language of the courts of England  The secular laws of jurisdictions in which Amish communities exist ( `` English '' being the non-Amish ) , see Amish life in the modern world

neg: Outline of Wikipedia Wikipedia -- a free , web-based , collaborative and multilingual encyclopedia project supported by the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation . Its more than 20 million articles ( in English ) have been written collaboratively by volunteers around the world . Almost all of its articles can be edited by anyone with access to the site , and it has about 100,000 regularly active contributors .

neg: Romanian Wikipedia The Romanian Wikipedia ( abr . ro.wiki or ro.wp ; in Romanian : Wikipedia în limba română ) is the Romanian language edition of Wikipedia , the free encyclopedia . Started in July 2003 , as of this edition has about articles and is the 25th largest Wikipedia edition . In December 2004 , users on the Romanian Wikipedia started to talk about founding a local chapter of Wikimedia , Asociaţia Wikimedia România .

neg: Livvi-Karelian Wikipedia The Livvi-Karelian Wikipedia ( Livvi-Karelian : Livvinkarjalan Wikipedii ) is the Livvi-Karelian language edition of the free encyclopedia Wikipedia and is currently the most recent language edition of Wikipedia . This version was launched on October 7 , 2016 and is the Livvi-Karelian language edition of Wikipedia .

neg: English in computing The English language is sometimes described as the lingua franca of computing . In comparison to other sciences , where Latin and Greek are the principal sources of vocabulary , computer science borrows more extensively from English . Due to the technical limitations of early computers , and the lack of international standards on the Internet , computer users were limited to using English and the Latin alphabet . However , this historical limitation is less present today . Most software products are localized in numerous languages and the use of the Unicode character encoding has resolved problems with non-Latin alphabets . Some limitations have only been changed recently , such as with domain names , which previously allowed only ASCII characters .

neg: American and British English spelling differences Many of the differences between American and British English date back to a time when spelling standards had not yet developed . For instance , some spellings seen as `` American '' today were once commonly used in Britain and some spellings seen as `` British '' were once commonly used in the United States . A `` British standard '' began to emerge following the 1755 publication of Samuel Johnson 's A Dictionary of the English Language , and an `` American standard '' started following the work of Noah Webster and in particular his An American Dictionary of the English Language , first published in 1828 .   Webster 's efforts at spelling reform were somewhat effective in his native country , resulting in certain well-known patterns of spelling differences between the American and British varieties of English . But English-language spelling reform has rarely been adopted otherwise , and thus modern English orthography varies somewhat between countries and is far from phonemic in any country .

neg: Old English literature Old English literature or Anglo-Saxon literature , encompasses literature written in Old English , in Anglo-Saxon England from the 7th century to the decades after the Norman Conquest of 1066 . `` Cædmon 's Hymn '' , composed in the 7th century , according to Bede , is often considered the oldest extant poem in English , whereas the later poem , The Grave is one of the final poems written in Old English , and presents a transitional text between Old and Middle English . The Peterborough Chronicle can also be considered a late-period text , continuing into the 12th century .   The poem Beowulf , which often begins the traditional canon of English literature , is the most famous work of Old English literature . The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle has also proven significant for historical study , preserving a chronology of early English history .   In descending order of quantity , Old English literature consists of : sermons and saints ' lives ; biblical translations ; translated Latin works of the early Church Fathers ; Anglo-Saxon chronicles and narrative history works ; laws , wills and other legal works ; practical works on grammar , medicine , geography ; and poetry . In all there are over 400 surviving manuscripts from the period , of which about 189 are considered `` major '' .   Besides Old English literature , Anglo-Saxons wrote a number of Anglo-Latin works .

neg: Eurotra Eurotra was an ambitious machine translation project established and funded by the European Commission from 1978 until 1992 .   Emboldened by modest success with an older , commercially developed machine translation system SYSTRAN , a large network of European computational linguists embarked upon the Eurotra project with the hope of creating a state-of-the-art MT system for the then seven , later nine , official languages of the European Community .   However , as time passed , expectations became tempered ; `` Fully Automatic High Quality Translation '' was not a reasonably attainable goal . The true character of Eurotra was eventually acknowledged to be in fact pre-competitive research rather than prototype development .   The project was motivated by one of the founding principles of the EU : that all citizens had the right to read any and all proceedings of the Commission in their own language . As more countries joined , this produced a combinatorial explosion in the number of language pairs involved , and the need to translate every paper , speech and even set of meeting minutes produced by the EU into the other eight languages meant that translation rapidly became the overwhelming component in the administrative budget . To solve this problem Eurotra was devised .   The project was unusual in that rather than consisting of a single research team , it had member groups distributed around the member countries , organised along language rather than national lines ( for example , groups in Leuven and Utrecht worked closely together ) , and the secretariat was based at the European Commission in Luxembourg . While this contributed significantly to the culture of the project , it also demonstrated graphically Brooks ' assertion in The Mythical Man-Month that adding personnel to a project results in it taking longer to complete ; the more the number of groups involved , the more time is spent on administration and communication rather than actual research per se .   The actual design of the project was unusual as MT projects go . Older systems , such as SYSTRAN , were heavily dictionary-based , with minor support for rearranging word order . More recent systems have often worked on a probabilistic approach , based on parallel corpora . Eurotra addressed the constituent structure of the text to be translated , going through first a syntactic parse followed by a second parse to produce a dependency structure followed by a final parse with a third grammar to produce what was referred to internally as Intermediate Representation ( IR ) . Since all three modules were implemented as Prolog programs , it would then in principle be possible to put this structure backwards through the corresponding modules for another language to produce a translated text in any of the other languages . However , in practice this was not in fact how language pairs were implemented .   The first `` live '' translation occupied a 4Mb Microvax running Ultrix and C-Prolog for a complete weekend some time in early 1987 . The sentence , translated from English into Danish , was `` Japan makes computers '' . The main problem faced by the system was the generation of so-called `` Parse Forests '' - often a large number of different grammar rules could be applied to any particular phrase , producing hundreds , even thousands of ( often identical ) parse trees . This used up huge quantities of computer store , slowing the whole process down unnecessarily .   While Eurotra never delivered a `` working '' MT system , the project made a far-reaching long-term impact on the nascent language industries in European member states , in particular among the southern countries of Greece , Italy , Spain , and Portugal . There is at least one commercial MT system ( developed by an academic/commercial consortium in Denmark ) derived from Eurotra technology .

neg: Literary Encyclopedia Literary Encyclopedia ( Russian : Литературная энциклопедия ) is a 12-volume encyclopedia published in the USSR from 1929 until 1939 . It contains more than 5000 entries with a focus on Russian and Soviet authors , as well as literary schools , trends , directions , and literary concepts . The 10th volume was delayed by Soviet censors in 1937 , rumored to be a result of concerns about the article `` Russian literature '' The series was halted in 1939 after the publication of the 11th volume . The 12 volume was published later based on drafts .


query: American Idiot has not had five successful singles.

pos: American Idiot American Idiot is the seventh studio album by American rock band Green Day . Produced by Rob Cavallo , the album was released in the UK on September 20 , 2004 and in the US on September 21 , 2004 by Reprise Records . Green Day first achieved popularity in the 1990s with a string of successful albums . Following disappointing sales of their sixth album , Warning ( 2000 ) , the band took a break before recording their next album , titled Cigarettes and Valentines . The recording process was cut short when the album 's master tapes were stolen . Rather than re-record that material , the group decided to start over .   A concept album and the world 's first `` punk rock opera , '' American Idiot follows the story of Jesus of Suburbia , an adolescent anti-hero who is divided between `` rage and love . '' Through its plot , the album expresses the disillusionment and dissent of a generation that came of age in a period shaped by many tumultuous events like the Iraq War . The album was inspired by several musicals and the work of The Who . Recording of American Idiot was split between two California studios between 2003 and 2004 . Its album art depicts a heart-shaped hand grenade .   American Idiot marked a career comeback for Green Day following a period of decreased success . It charted in 27 countries , peaking at number one in 19 , and eventually sold 16 million copies worldwide . The album spawned five successful singles : `` American Idiot '' , `` Boulevard of Broken Dreams '' , `` Holiday '' , `` Wake Me Up When September Ends '' and `` Jesus of Suburbia '' . American Idiot was well received critically and won the Grammy Award for Best Rock Album in 2005 . Its success inspired a Broadway musical and an incomplete feature film adaptation . It has been praised in the years following its release , appearing on several year-end and decade-end lists .

neg: American Slang American Slang is the third studio album by New Jersey -- based rock group The Gaslight Anthem . It was released on June 15 , 2010 on SideOneDummy Records , which released their previous album , The '59 Sound . The album was produced by ` The '59 Sound producer Ted Hutt .

neg: American Hi-Fi American Hi-Fi is an American rock band formed in Boston in 1998 . The band consists of vocalist and guitarist Stacy Jones , guitarist Jamie Arentzen , bassist Drew Parsons , and drummer Brian Nolan . Prior to the group 's formation , Stacy Jones was well known for being a drummer in the successful alternative rock bands Veruca Salt and Letters to Cleo . American Hi-Fi has a close relationship with Miley Cyrus , whose band shares two members with American Hi-Fi . The group has a mixed musical style that includes influences from pop punk , alternative rock , and power pop .   The group released its eponymous debut album in 2001 , and this led to their hit single `` Flavor of the Weak '' and the band was awarded as the `` Rising Star '' from the Boston Music Awards , 2001 . After this , the group was dropped from their label , Island Records , and moved to Los Angeles to remake their production and sound . Working with veteran music producer Butch Walker , they released Hearts on Parade in 2005 . The band then toured to a widespread fan-base in Japan and in the United States . Finally the band came back after five years of interval , releasing their third studio album Fight the Frequency in August 2010 . The band released their fourth album Blood & Lemonade on September 9 , 2014 worldwide via the independent label Rude Records .

neg: Keep On Movin' (Five song) `` Keep On Movin ' '' is a song by English boy band Five . It was released on 24 October 1999 as the second single from their second studio album Invincible ( 1999 ) and debuted at number one on the UK Singles Chart , becoming their first UK number-one single .   `` Keep On Movin ' '' was the 16th biggest selling boy band single of the 1990s in the UK , selling 421,700 copies . The song has received a Gold sales status certification in the UK . The song also peaked at number two in Italy , number six in Australia , number three in the Netherlands and number six in Belgium .

neg: Toby Keith discography The discography of American country music singer Toby Keith consists of seventeen studio albums , two Christmas albums , three Greatest Hits packages and an additional compilation . He has charted 63 singles on the Billboard country charts , of which all but four reached top 40 or higher . 20 of his singles have reached number one in the United States , and 21 more have reached the Top 10 .   As of December 2013 , Toby Keith has sold over 30 million albums in the US , which made him the fifth best-selling country artist in the US since 1991 when Nielsen SoundScan started tracking music sales .

neg: Speedin' Bullet 2 Heaven Speedin ' Bullet 2 Heaven is the fifth studio album by American recording artist Kid Cudi . The album was released on December 4 , 2015 , through Republic Records and Cudi 's Wicked Awesome Records imprint . The album is a complete departure from his previous projects , excluding WZRD , a 2012 collaborative effort which was his first venture into rock music . Inspired by the 1990 's indie music scene , Cudi included commissioned skits featuring Mike Judge voicing the title characters of his 90 's animated sitcom , Beavis and Butt-Head .   Speedin ' Bullet 2 Heaven , described by Cudi as alternative music , is the follow-up to his 2014 digital release , Satellite Flight : The Journey to Mother Moon . Serving as a double disc effort , the album comes with 26 tracks in total , with the actual album on Side A containing 18 , while Side B is composed of eight tracks , which are mostly demos and outtakes . The album , primarily produced by Cudi himself , was supported by two official singles , `` Confused ! '' and the title track `` Speedin ' Bullet 2 Heaven '' .   In support of the album , Kid Cudi embarked on a national concert tour , which he called `` The Especial Tour '' . The album received mixed to negative reviews from critics and charted at number 36 on the US Billboard 200 , becoming Cudi 's lowest-charting album to date .

neg: Dance/Electronic Digital Songs Dance/Electronic Digital Songs is a weekly chart that ranks the best-selling digital dance and electronic singles in the United States , according to Billboard . Although it originally started tracking singles the week of January 2 , 2010 , it did not become an official chart until the issue dated April 3 , 2010 .   The Dance/Electronic Digital Songs chart tracks the 50 most popular downloaded dance music singles , including tracks that are exclusively available online only . This chart also includes previously released dance and disco songs that became available for downloading , which means that songs like `` You Spin Me Round ( Like a Record ) '' by Dead or Alive are eligible to chart .   On January 17 , 2013 , Billboard added a new chart , Dance/Electronic Songs , which tracks the 50 most popular Dance and Electronic singles and tracks based on club play , single sales , radio airplay , digital downloads , and online streaming . As such , this chart serves as the main component for the Dance Club Songs , Dance/Mix Show Airplay , Dance Single Sales , and Dance/Electronic Digital Songs charts .   The chart 's first number one was `` Bad Romance '' by Lady Gaga in the January 23 , 2010 issue and Gaga 's songs spent so far ( as December , 2014 ) a total of 1025 weeks on the chart . The chart 's longest running number-one is `` Bulletproof '' by La Roux , reigning at the lead position for 18 consecutive weeks .

neg: American Weekend American Weekend is the debut album of Waxahatchee . The album was released by Don Giovanni Records in 2012 .   On June 11 , 2012 `` Be Good '' was the song of the day on National Public Radio as well as one of the best 50 songs of 2012 . American Weekend , was named a top album of 2012 by the New York Times and Dusted magazine . Singer-songwriter Emily Kinney covered `` Be Good '' on her 2014 Expired Love album .

neg: Idiotarod The Idiotarod is a shopping cart race in which teams of five `` idiots '' tie themselves to a ( sometimes modified ) grocery store shopping cart and run through the streets of a major metropolitan area . The race usually features people in costumes and themed floats . The races are fun competitions where sabotage , costume , and presentation are rewarded . Sabotage , such as tripping competitors , throwing marbles or large obstacles in their paths , and the spreading of misinformation such as false route information , is common .   The Idiotarod is named after the Iditarod , a 1,000 mile dog-sledding race in Alaska .   Idiotarods take place in Ann Arbor , Asheville , Austin , Boston , Chicago , Cincinnati , Dallas , Denver , Iowa City , New York City , Phoenix , Portland , Salt Lake City , Seattle , St. Louis , Toronto , Los Angeles , Vancouver and Washington , D.C. though the original race was founded in San Francisco in 1994 as the `` Urban Iditarod '' .

neg: Warning (Green Day album) Warning ( stylized as WARNING :) is the sixth studio album by American punk rock band Green Day , released on October 3 , 2000 by Reprise Records . Building upon its predecessor , Nimrod ( 1997 ) , the album eschewed the band 's trademark punk rock sound and incorporated acoustic elements and pop and folk styles . Lyrically , the record contains more optimistic and inspirational themes in comparison with the band 's earlier releases . Warning was also Green Day 's first album since Kerplunk ( 1992 ) that was not produced by Rob Cavallo , although he did have a hand in its production and was credited as executive producer .   Despite mixed criticism towards the band 's stylistic change , the album received mostly positive reviews from music critics , who praised vocalist/guitarist Billie Joe Armstrong 's songwriting . Although it peaked at number four on the US Billboard 200 chart , Warning represented the lowest commercial slump in Green Day 's career , being the band 's first album since signing to a major record label not to achieve multi-platinum status . The album has nonetheless been certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America and , as of December 2012 , has sold 1.2 million copies . Warning was reissued on vinyl on July 14 , 2009 .

neg: Green Day discography The American punk rock band Green Day has released 12 studio albums , two live albums , four compilation albums , one soundtrack album , four video albums , 10 extended plays , four box sets , 42 singles , ten promotional singles , and 39 music videos . The band has sold over 85 million records worldwide , including more than 30 million in the United States alone . Green Day released their first two studio albums , 1,039 / Smoothed Out Slappy Hours ( 1991 ) ( consisting of the original `` 39/Smooth '' as well as their first two EP 's `` 1,000 Hours '' and `` Slappy '' ) and Kerplunk ( 1991 ) , through the independent label Lookout ! Records before signing to major label Reprise Records . Dookie , the band 's first album on the label and third studio album overall , was released in February 1994 . It was a breakout success , selling over 10 million copies in the United States and 20 million copies worldwide . Dookie spawned five singles , including the international hits `` Longview '' , Basket Case '' and `` When I Come Around '' . The album placed Green Day at the forefront of the 1990s punk rock revival .   Insomniac , the band 's fourth studio album , was released in October 1995 . While not as successful as Dookie , the album managed to peak at number two on the US Billboard 200 and received a double platinum certification from the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) . Nimrod followed in October 1997 ; it peaked at number ten on the Billboard 200 . Four singles were released from Nimrod ; the most successful of these was `` Good Riddance ( Time of Your Life ) '' , which hit the top ten in countries such as Australia and Canada . The band 's sixth studio album Warning was released in October 2000 to mild commercial success , peaking at number four on the Billboard 200 and only earning a gold certification from the RIAA .   Their seventh studio album American Idiot reignited the band 's popularity with a younger generation . Becoming the band 's first album to top the Billboard 200 , American Idiot sold over six million copies in the United States , and over 14 million copies worldwide . The album spawned five commercially successful singles : `` American Idiot '' , `` Boulevard of Broken Dreams '' , `` Holiday '' , `` Wake Me Up When September Ends '' , and `` Jesus of Suburbia '' . The band 's eighth studio album 21st Century Breakdown followed in May 2009 , topping the Billboard 200 and being certified platinum by the RIAA . Two singles from the album -- `` Know Your Enemy '' and `` 21 Guns '' -- became top 40 hits on the US Billboard Hot 100 . A trilogy of studio albums -- ¡ Uno ! , ¡ Dos ! , and ¡ Tré ! -- were released toward the end of 2012 . ¡ Uno ! , ¡ Dos ! and ¡ Tré ! peaked at numbers two , nine and thirteen respectively on the Billboard 200 . In 2016 , another studio album , Revolution Radio was released and topped the Billboard 200 .

neg: How Sweet to Be an Idiot How Sweet To Be An Idiot is the first solo album by Neil Innes , formerly of The Bonzo Dog Band and later of The Rutles , and was released in 1973 . Innes later said of this time   Stewart Mason , reviewing the album for Allmusic , described it as `` split between tongue-in-cheek parody and straight pop songs '' and containing `` solidly melodic Beatlesque pop '' , but was critical of the `` unfortunate sterility to Innes ' self-production '' .   The title track was released as a single but failed to chart . It was a more instrumented version than on the album , arranged by Richard Hewson , and `` The Age of Desperation '' was the B-side . Its melody was borrowed by Oasis for their single `` Whatever '' , released in 1994 ; Innes claimed plagiarism and as a result now receives royalties and a co-writing credit .   The album was re-released by United Artists in 1980 under the title `` Neil Innes A-Go-Go '' and by EMI in 1994 with additional tracks -- most of which had been released on singles -- under the title Re-Cycled Vinyl Blues . This edition of the album was dedicated to Ollie Halsall , who had died in 1992 , and former Bonzo Dog bassist Dennis Cowan , who had died in 1972 ; it featured a guest appearance by Michael Palin on the title track .   A review of the release by Mark Deming of Allmusic was more appreciative than that of his predecessor , saying that `` most -LSB- of the tracks -RSB- walk a graceful tightrope between sly humor and solid pop-friendly rock & roll '' and recommending that `` anyone who digs a great hook played with heart should get to know the music of Neil Innes '' .   Innes performed the title song on Monty Python Live at the Hollywood Bowl and on Monty Python Live at Drury Lane .

neg: Lee Ann Womack discography American country artist Lee Ann Womack has released eight studio albums , three compilation albums , one extended play , twenty six singles , seventeen music videos , and appeared on thirty eight albums . Womack 's self-titled debut album was released in May 1997 on Decca Nashville Records . It peaked at the ninth position on the Billboard Top Country Albums chart and the 106th position on the Billboard 200 , certifying platinum from the Recording Industry Association of America . It featured the hit singles `` Never Again , Again '' , `` The Fool '' , and `` You 've Got to Talk to Me '' . Her gold-certifying second album Some Things I Know ( 1998 ) reached number twenty on the country albums chart , spawning the hits `` A Little Past Little Rock '' and `` I 'll Think of a Reason Later '' .   Womack 's third studio album I Hope You Dance ( 2000 ) topped the Top Country Albums chart , reached number sixteen on the Billboard 200 , and certified triple platinum . The lead single brought her the biggest success of her career . It topped the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart , crossed over to number fourteen on the Billboard Hot 100 , and became a minor hit internationally . Her fourth studio record Something Worth Leaving Behind ( 2002 ) failed to match the commercial success of I Hope You Dance . A holiday album and greatest hits record appeared before the hit single , `` I May Hate Myself in the Morning '' , and its accompanying There 's More Where That Came From ( 2005 ) . The album made the third position on the country chart and the twelfth position on the Billboard 200 . Call Me Crazy ( 2008 ) debuted at number four on the Top Country Albums list and featured the top twenty hit `` Last Call '' . Her eighth studio album The Way I 'm Livin ' ( 2014 ) reached peak positions on both the country albums and Independent Albums charts .

neg: American Jesus `` American Jesus '' is the first single by Bad Religion from their 1993 album Recipe for Hate . It was their second all-time single since their signing to Atlantic Records . Eddie Vedder of Pearl Jam provides backing vocals on the track .

neg: Jonas Brothers discography The Jonas Brothers have released four studio albums , three extended plays , three live albums , four soundtrack albums , seventeen singles , seven promotional singles , nineteen music videos and other album appearances . The band released four albums : It 's About Time ( 2006 ) , Jonas Brothers ( 2007 ) , A Little Bit Longer ( 2008 ) , and Lines , Vines and Trying Times ( 2009 ) . In 2008 , the group was nominated for the Best New Artist award at the 51st Grammy Awards and won the award for Breakthrough Artist at the American Music Awards . As of May 2009 , before the release of Lines , Vines and Trying Times , they have sold over eight million albums worldwide . After a hiatus during 2010 and 2011 to pursue solo-projects , the group reconciled in 2012 to record a new album , which was cancelled following their break-up on October 29 , 2013 .   They have sold over 17 million albums worldwide .

neg: Fun (album) Fun is an album by singer-songwriter Daniel Johnston . It was his first major label release , as well as his only album for Atlantic Records . The album was produced by Butthole Surfers member Paul Leary .   In 1993 , Johnston , gaining popularity , was offered a contract under Elektra Records ; although a beneficial agreement for Johnston , he refused , since Metallica , a band Johnston believed to be possessed by Satan , was under the label . Johnston , now under the impression that his manager was also possessed by Satan , fired him and continued to look elsewhere for a music label . Johnston signed under Atlantic Records , and released Fun in 1994 while housed in a mental institution . The album was a commercial failure , and in 1996 , two years after the release , Johnston was dropped from the Atlantic Records label .

neg: Idiotest Idiotest ( a portmanteau of `` idiot '' and `` test '' and stylized as Id!otest ) is an American television game show broadcast by Game Show Network ( GSN ) . Hosted by Ben Gleib , the series features contestants in teams of two competing to answer brain teaser and puzzle questions . The winning team advances to a bonus round for an opportunity to increase their winnings to $ 10,000 . The series was announced at GSN 's upfront presentation in March 2014 ; the first episode premiered on August 12 of that year .   Critical reception for the series has been mixed ; one writer called it `` enjoyable '' while another called it `` uninteresting . '' Additionally , GSN released an online game midway through the first season that allows users to answer questions from the series ' past episodes .

neg: Anastacia discography The discography of Anastacia , an American singer-songwriter , consists of six studio albums , twenty two singles , twenty three music videos , and two DVDs .   She released her debut album , Not That Kind on June 13 , 2000 . The album reached the top ten in eight countries in Europe and Asia . It went four times platinum in Europe and triple platinum in Australia ; her debut single `` I 'm Outta Love '' was a global smash hit in 1999 topping the charts in Belgium , Australia and New Zealand , peaking at number two in France , Switzerland , Italy and Ireland as well as also reaching number six both in Germany . The second single `` Not That Kind '' reached number 11 in the UK and became a Top 10 hit in Italy . It also entered the Top 20 in Switzerland and France . `` Cowboys & Kisses '' was released as the third single off the album , charting in the top forty in some European countries . As the last promotional only single , `` Made for Lovin ' You '' charted in the UK at number twenty-seven and in France at number seventy-two .   Her second album Freak of Nature released in 2001 , achieved successful sales in the U.K. where it went triple platinum as well as being a hit throughout continental Europe , however unlike her debut it did not match the same level of international success . The first single released was `` Paid My Dues '' . The song became an overall hit , in 2001 , peaking in Denmark , Italy , Norway , and Switzerland , and reaching the top ten in several other mainland European countries . The second single , released in 2002 , `` One Day in Your Life '' , reached number eleven in the UK and the top ten in many European countries . The next single `` Why 'd You Lie to Me '' reached the top thirty in the UK . `` You 'll Never Be Alone '' , the fourth single , reached number twenty-eight on the Adult Contemporary chart in the U.S.   Anastacia quickly became her most successful album to date , giving her a third consecutive triple platinum album in the U.K. and reaching the top of national charts of Ireland , the Netherlands , Australia , Greece , Germany and other countries . Unlike her first two albums , which were released in her homeland of America , Anastacia was not , despite being scheduled for release on three occasions . The first single , released in March , was `` Left Outside Alone '' , which saw a change in direction for Anastacia . It was one of the biggest songs in Europe of 2004 , reaching number one Austria , Italy , Spain , Switzerland and number two in Denmark , Germany , Ireland , the Netherlands , Norway and number three in the United Kingdom and Hungary . Overall the song remained at No. 1 on the European Billboards for 15 weeks . The song also peaked in the Australian charts where it went on to become the countries ' second biggest selling single of 2004 . Anastacia released three further internationally successful singles ; `` Sick and Tired '' ( which gave her another number one in Spain and another UK top five single ) , `` Welcome to My Truth '' ( her best-selling hit in Spain ) , and the ballad `` Heavy on My Heart '' proceeds from the sale of which went towards her Anastacia Fund ( a charitable organization providing research funding for breast cancer ) .   On July 24 , Anastacia announced that her fourth studio album Heavy Rotation would be released October 27 , 2008 in Europe and Asia ( and elsewhere in 2009 ) . Her fourth studio album proved to be less successful than her previous ones ; her singles failed to reach the top 40 in her most commercially successful country ( UK ) . The album 's first single , called `` I Can Feel You '' , began playing in some radio markets on August 25 , 2008 . The second single from Heavy Rotation was `` Absolutely Positively '' , later served as a promotional single only . The third official single from the album had been confirmed as `` Defeated '' and was released as a promotional single only in Europe without a music video .   It 's a Man 's World , a collection of her covers by rock male artists was released on November 9 , 2012 . Anastacia confirmed via her Twitter account that she was currently writing songs for producers , John Fields and Steve Diamond and also , recording her sixth studio album which will return to her own chosen `` sprock '' sound . The album , entitled Resurrection , is to be released in May 2014 with the lead single `` Stupid Little Things '' was released on April 4 and was met with overwhelmingly positive reaction from music critics with MTV 's Brad Stern including it in the 5 Must-Hear Pop Songs of the Week ! stating that it was ` return to form ' from the ` pop princess and proof that Anastacia 's a true survivor ' , after her second battle with breast cancer .

neg: Delta Goodrem discography Australian singer-songwriter Delta Goodrem has released five studio albums , one extended play ( EP ) , three video albums and thirty two singles . Goodrem signed a record deal with Sony Music Entertainment in 1999 and , since then , has achieved four number one albums and nine number one songs in Australia .   Goodrem debuted in 2001 with a teen pop single titled `` I Do n't Care '' that was not commercially successful . Her 2003 debut album Innocent Eyes revamped her musical style as piano-based ballad pop , and was a multi-platinum seller in Australia , New Zealand and the United Kingdom . Her successful singles were `` Born to Try '' , `` Lost Without You '' , `` Innocent Eyes '' , `` Not Me , Not I '' and `` Predictable '' . The album sold 1.2 million copies in Australia , and over 4 million worldwide .   Its successor , Mistaken Identity , was created during Goodrem 's battle with Hodgkin 's lymphoma , a form of cancer . While the album was unable to parallel the commercial success of Innocent Eyes , it did enter the ARIA charts at number one , and gained multi-platinum status . It featured successful top ten singles , `` Mistaken Identity '' , `` Out of the Blue '' and `` A Little Too Late '' . Goodrem 's third album Delta , was released in October 2007 . The album debuted at number one in Australia , making it her third consecutive chart-topping album there . It also achieved multi-platinum status in Australia . Had successful singles , `` You Will Only Break My Heart '' , `` I Ca n't Break It to My Heart '' and `` Together We Are One '' .   Her fourth album Child of the Universe came out in 2012 with two hit singles `` Wish You Were Here '' and `` Sitting on Top of the World '' , which were both certified platinum in Australia . `` Heart Hypnotic '' and `` Dear Life '' went Gold and `` Wings '' also went platinum . With the release of her fifth studio album , Wings of the Wild , Goodrem earned her fourth number-one album .   Goodrem 's career global album sales exceed eight million . She has sold approximately 2 million singles , with 1,238,919 copies sold in Australia .

neg: Nobody's Fools Nobody 's Fools is the fifth studio album ( eighth overall ) by the British rock group Slade . It was released in March , 1976 and reached position # 14 on the UK Album Chart . The album also peaked at # 14 on the Swedish Albums Chart .   The album was their first album ( since their rise to fame ) not to reach the UK Top 10 , and to drop out of the chart after a chart run of only 4 weeks . It would be their last album that would make an appearance on the chart until 1980s compilation Slade Smashes ! . Musically , the album showed the band dropping their ` loud ' and ` rocky ' type songs , as they moved towards a more `` American '' soul/pop sound . British fans accused Noddy Holder and Jim Lea of `` selling out '' and forgetting about their fanbase in the UK , as the band had been in the States for most of 1975 , trying to crack the market .

neg: Elvis (1973 album) Elvis is a 1973 album by American singer and musician Elvis Presley . It sold over 1 million copies worldwide despite being released soon after the much more successful Aloha from Hawaii album . It is sometimes called The Fool album after one of the songs included in it , to differentiate it from the 1956 album of the same title . `` Fool '' was issued as a single and reached number 15 in the UK , backed by a live version of `` Steamroller Blues '' .   `` Fool '' and `` Where Do I Go From Here '' were recorded in March 1972 . `` It 's Impossible '' is a live recording from the Hilton Hotel in Las Vegas from February 1972 . Tracks 3 , 4 , 6 -- 10 were leftovers from the March and May 1971 recording sessions at RCA 's Studio B in Nashville . Three songs feature Presley on piano : `` It 's Still Here '' , `` I 'll Take You Home Again , Kathleen '' and `` I Will Be True '' . These three selections were all released together for a second time as part of the 1980 boxed set , Elvis Aron Presley . The song `` Fool '' was also released in this collection . Four other songs in this album were also reissued in other albums : `` It 's Impossible '' ( Pure Gold , 1975 ) , `` Padre '' ( He Walks Beside Me , 1978 ) , '' ( That 's What You Get ) For Lovin ' Me '' ( A Canadian Tribute , 1978 ) and `` Do n't Think Twice , It 's All Right '' ( Our Memories Of Elvis Volume 2 , 1979 ) .


query: Wyatt Earp was an actor.

pos: Wyatt Earp Wyatt Berry Stapp Earp ( March 19 , 1848 -- January 13 , 1929 ) was an American Old West gambler , a deputy sheriff in Pima County , and deputy town marshal in Tombstone , Arizona Territory , who took part in the gunfight at the O.K. Corral , during which lawmen killed three outlaw cowboys . He is often regarded as the central figure in the shootout in Tombstone , although his brother Virgil was Tombstone city marshal and Deputy U.S. Marshal that day , and had far more experience as a sheriff , constable , marshal , and soldier in combat .   Earp lived a restless life . He was at different times a constable , city policeman , county sheriff , Deputy U.S. Marshal , teamster , buffalo hunter , bouncer , saloon-keeper , gambler , brothel keeper , miner , and boxing referee . Earp spent his early life in Iowa . In 1870 , Earp married his first wife , Urilla Sutherland Earp , who contracted typhoid fever and died shortly before their first child was to be born . During the next two years Earp was arrested for stealing a horse , escaped from jail , sued twice , and was arrested and fined three times during the course of 1872 for `` keeping and being found in a house of ill-fame '' . His third arrest was subject of a lengthy account in the `` Daily Transcript '' which referred to him as an `` old offender '' and nicknamed him the `` Peoria Bummer '' .   By 1874 he had arrived in the cattle boomtown of Wichita , Kansas where his brother had opened a brothel . On April 21 , 1875 he was appointed to the Wichita police force , and developed a solid reputation as a lawman . In April 1876 he was dismissed from his position as a lawman following an altercation with a political opponent of his boss which led to him being fined $ 30 . In 1876 , he followed his brother James to Dodge City , Kansas , where he became an assistant city marshal . In winter 1878 , he went to Texas to track down an outlaw and met John `` Doc '' Holliday , whom Earp later credited with saving his life .   Earp moved constantly throughout his life from one boomtown to another . He left Dodge City in 1879 and moved to Tombstone with his brothers James and Virgil , where a silver boom was underway . There , the Earps clashed with a loose federation of outlaws known as the Cowboys . Wyatt , Virgil , and their younger brother Morgan held various law enforcement positions that put them in conflict with Tom and Frank McLaury , and Ike and Billy Clanton , who threatened on several occasions to kill the Earps . The conflict escalated over the next year , culminating on October 26 , 1881 in the gunfight at the O.K. Corral , in which the Earps and Holliday killed three of the Cowboys . In the next five months , Virgil was ambushed and maimed , and Morgan was assassinated . Pursuing a vendetta , Wyatt , his brother Warren , Holliday , and others formed a federal posse that killed three of the Cowboys whom they thought responsible . Wyatt was never wounded in any of the gunfights in which he took part , unlike his brothers Virgil and James , or his friend , Doc Holliday , which only added to his mystique after his death .   Earp was a lifelong gambler and was always looking for a quick way to make money . After leaving Tombstone , Earp went to San Francisco where he reunited with Josephine Earp . She became his common-law wife . They joined a gold rush to Eagle City , Idaho , where they owned mining interests and a saloon . They left there to race horses and open a saloon during a real estate boom in San Diego , California . Back in San Francisco , Wyatt raced horses again , but his reputation suffered irreparably when he refereed the Fitzsimmons-Sharkey boxing match and called a foul that led many to believe that he fixed the fight . They moved briefly to Yuma , Arizona before joining the Nome Gold Rush in 1899 . In partnership with Charlie Hoxie they opened a two-story saloon called the Dexter and made an estimated $ 80,000 ( about $ 2 million in 2017 dollars ) . Returning to the lower 48 , they opened another saloon in Tonopah , Nevada , the site of a new gold find . In about 1911 , Earp began working several mining claims in Vidal , California , retiring in the hot summers with Josephine to Los Angeles .   Wyatt Earp died on January 13 , 1929 . He was known as a Western lawman , gunfighter , and boxing referee . He had a notorious reputation for both his handling of the Fitzsimmons-Sharkey fight and his role in the O.K. Corral gunfight . This only began to change after his death when an extremely flattering biography was published in 1931 . It became a bestseller and created his reputation as a fearless lawman . Since then , Earp has been the subject of and model for numerous films , TV shows , biographies , and works of fiction that have increased his notoriety . He did , however , live to see himself being portrayed in the film Wild Bill Hickok , released in 1923 . Long after his death , he has many devoted detractors and admirers . Earp 's modern-day reputation is that of the Old West 's `` toughest and deadliest gunman of his day . ''

neg: Holmes Herbert Holmes Herbert ( born Horace Edward Jenner ; 30 July 1882 -- 26 December 1956 ) was an English character actor who appeared in Hollywood films from 1915 to 1952 .

neg: Fred J. Dodge Frederick J. Dodge ( August 29 , 1854 -- December 16 , 1938 ) was an undercover Wells Fargo detective , a constable in Tombstone , Arizona , and Texas cattleman . He was born in Spring Valley in northern Butte County , California and was raised in Sacramento .   He worked as undercover agent for Wells Fargo in California , Nevada and Arizona . In December 1879 , he was working in Tombstone , Arizona and recommended that Wyatt Earp be hired as a guard and messenger for the stage line . The two quickly became good friends and Dodge supported Wyatt and his brothers in their troubles in Tombstone that led up to the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral and afterward . He and Wyatt remained friends the rest of their lives .

neg: Golden Boot Awards The Golden Boot Awards is an American acknowledgment of achievement honoring actors , actresses , and crew members who have made significant contributions to the genre of Western television and movies . The award is sponsored and presented by the Motion Picture & Television Fund . Money raised at the award banquet is used to help finance various services offered by the Fund to those in the entertainment industry .   Actor Pat Buttram conceived the idea of the Golden Boot Award , and the first ones were presented in 1983 . The awards appear to have been discontinued since 2007 .

neg: Texas Jack Texas Jack may refer to :   Texas Jack Omohundro ( 1846-1880 ) scout , actor , cowboy  Texas Jack ( South Africa ) ( c. 1860-1905 ) sharpshooter , wild west show owner , made Will Rogers into an entertainer , adopted son of Omohundro .  Texas Jack Vermillion ( 1842-1911 ) Old West gunfighter  Nathaniel Reed , known as Texas Jack , ( 1862-1950 ) 19th-century American outlaw  Texas Jack , a character in the film The Great Race  Texas Jack McGraw McGraw , a character in Danger Mouse  `` Texas Jack '' , an episode in The Abbott and Costello Cartoon Show  Texas Jack 's , the retail store of US firearms importer , Cimarron Firearms

neg: Wyatt Gallery Wyatt Gallery is an American photographer .

neg: Ray Whitley (singer-songwriter, born 1901) Raymond Otis Whitley ( December 5 , 1901 -- February 21 , 1979 ) , also known as Ray Whitley , was a Country and Western singer and actor .

neg: Ridge Bond Ridgely McClure `` Ridge '' Bond ( July 12 , 1922 -- May 6 , 1997 ) was an American actor , singer and businessman , who is best known for playing the role of Curly in the musical Oklahoma ! on Broadway and on tour . He retired from acting when the musical closed in 1954 , and entered the insurance business .

neg: Cochise County in the Old West Cochise County in the Old West was the site of ongoing Apache Indian attacks and a bitter feud between outlaw Cowboys and lawmen like Virgil Earp and his brothers . The county was carved off in 1881 from the easternmost portion of Pima County during a formative period in the American Southwest . Tensions began as soon as American settlers began arriving in what is now Cochise County . The time period was characterized by rapidly growing boomtowns , ongoing Apache raids , smuggling and cattle rustling across the United States-Mexico border , growing ranching operations , and the expansion of new technologies in mining , railroading , and telecommunications .   In the 1860s , following the Gadsden Purchase and the arrival of American settlers , conflict between the Apaches and the Americans was at its height . Pima County and later Cochise County were located in the center of the Apache wars and until 1886 there was almost constant warfare in that region adjacent to the Mexican border .   In addition to the conflict with the Native Americans , during the 1870s and 1880s , there was considerable tension between the rural residents who were for the most part Democrats from the agrarian Confederate States and town residents and business owners who were largely Republicans from the industrial Union States . The tension culminated in what has been called the Cochise County feud , or the Earp-Clanton feud , which ended with the historic Gunfight at the O.K. Corral and Wyatt Earp 's Vendetta Ride . Dr. George E. Goodfellow described Tombstone , the capital of Cochise County , as the `` condensation of wickedness . ''

neg: Frank Loving Frank Loving , sometimes called `` Cockeyed '' Frank Loving ( 1860 -- April 21 , 1882 ) was an Old West gambler and gunman . His two known gunfights were two of the better-known and well-publicized shootouts of the day , although over time they have become obscure .   Loving was born in Jackson County , Missouri , and later moved with his family to Texas , where his father died in the early 1870s . He began making his living as a professional gambler by his late teens , frequenting saloons and eventually landing in Dodge City , Kansas . Once settled in Dodge City , Loving began to frequent the Long Branch Saloon , where he became associated with other well-known gamblers , gunmen , and lawmen , to include Doc Holliday , Bat Masterson , Wyatt Earp , Charlie Bassett , and John Allen , with a friendship developing between gunman/gambler Levi Richardson and him . He also became good friends with Long Branch Saloon owner Chalkley Beeson .

neg: The Wild Frontier (film) The Wild Frontier is a 1947 American Western film directed by Philip Ford and written by Albert DeMond . The film stars Allan Lane , Jack Holt , Eddy Waller , Pierre Watkin , John James and Roy Barcroft . The film was released on October 1 , 1947 , by Republic Pictures .

neg: Wild Bill Hickok (film) Wild Bill Hickok is a 1923 American Western silent film directed by Clifford Smith , and written by William S. Hart and J.G. Hawks . It stars William S. Hart , Ethel Grey Terry , Kathleen O'Connor , James Farley , Jack Gardner , Carl Gerard and William Dyer . The film was released on November 18 , 1923 , by Paramount Pictures . It was the first film to depict Wyatt Earp , although in a very brief role , and the only film made before he died in 1929 that included his character , until Law and Order was released in 1932 . A print of the film exists in the Museum of Modern Art film archive .

neg: Sunset on the Desert Sunset on the Desert is a 1942 American Western film directed by Joseph Kane and starring Roy Rogers , and George `` Gabby '' Hayes .

neg: The Rifleman The Rifleman is an American Western television program starring Chuck Connors as rancher Lucas McCain and Johnny Crawford as his son , Mark McCain . It was set in the 1870s and 1880s in the fictional town of North Fork , New Mexico Territory . The show was filmed in black-and-white , half-hour episodes . The Rifleman aired on ABC from September 30 , 1958 , to April 8 , 1963 , as a production of Four Star Television . It was one of the first prime time series on American television to show a widowed parent raising a child .   The program was titled to reflect McCain 's use of a Winchester rifle , customized to allow repeated firing by cycling its lever action . He demonstrated this technique in the opening credits of every episode , as well as a second modification that allowed him to cycle the action with one hand .

neg: The Deputy (TV series) The Deputy is an American western series that aired on NBC from 1959 to 1961 The series stars Henry Fonda as Chief Marshal Simon Fry of the Arizona Territory and Allen Case as Deputy Clay McCord , a storekeeper who tried to avoid using a gun .

neg: Richard Hart (actor) Richard Comstock Hart ( April 14 , 1915 -- January 2 , 1951 ) was an American actor , who appeared in film and TV productions , but was most active on stage .

neg: King of the Cowboys King of the Cowboys is a 1943 film directed by Joseph Kane and starring Roy Rogers and Smiley Burnette . It is set in Texas during World War II .

neg: Into the West (miniseries) Into the West is a 2005 miniseries produced by Steven Spielberg and DreamWorks , with six two-hour episodes ( including commercials ) . The series was first broadcast in the U.S. on Turner Network Television ( TNT ) on six Fridays starting on June 10 , 2005 . It was also shown in the UK on BBC2 and BBC HD from November 4 , 2006 , and in Canada on CBC Television . The series also aired in the U.S. on AMC during the summer ( June/July ) and fall ( autumn , September/October ) of 2012 .   The miniseries begins in the 1820s and is told mainly through the third person narration of Jacob Wheeler ( Matthew Settle ) and Loved By the Buffalo ( Joseph M. Marshall III ) , although episodes outside the direct observation of both protagonists are also shown . The plot follows the story of two families , one white American , one Native American , as their lives become mingled through the momentous events of American expansion . The story intertwines real and fictional characters and events spanning the period of expansion of the United States in the American West , from 1825 to 1890 .   The show has a large cast , with about 250 speaking parts . The series features well known performers including Josh Brolin , Gary Busey , Michael Spears , Tonantzin Carmelo , Skeet Ulrich , Garrett Wang , Steve Reevis , Rachael Leigh Cook , Wes Studi , Irene Bedard , Alan Tudyk , Christian Kane , Russell Means , Jay Tavare , David Midthunder , Keri Russell , Graham Greene , Zahn McClarnon , Tom Berenger , Gil Birmingham , David Paymer , Raoul Trujillo , Eric Schweig , Lance Henriksen , Simon R. Baker , Tyler Christopher , Tatanka Means , Tokala Clifford , Gordon Tootoosis , Sheila Tousey , and Will Patton .   It was filmed in Drumheller , Alberta and Santa Fe , New Mexico .

neg: Clay Tanner Clay Tanner is an American actor . He began his career with roles in various TV productions such as Bonanza , The Fugitive , Get Smart , Perry Mason , McHale 's Navy , The Outer Limits , The Virginian , and Stoney Burke . Tanner also played the role of Satan during the rape scene of Rosemary 's Baby .

neg: Darren Benjamin Shepherd Darren Benjamin Shepherd is an American screenwriter and film director . He was born in San Jose , CA and graduated with film and music degrees from San Jose State University .   He most recently wrote the film The First Ride of Wyatt Earp now called Wyatt Earp 's Revenge with Val Kilmer starring in the lead role as Wyatt Earp , Jeffrey Schenck producing and Peter Sullivan co-producing . He also wrote and directed Bump City , a short film based on the life of an American singer who was convicted of triple murder , and wrote and co-directed New Hope Landing , a short film in the horror .   Darren is currently a screenwriter for ARO Entertainment , an independent film production company in Beverly Hills , CA . In addition to Wyatt Earp 's Revenge , he also wrote Meteor Impact , Broken Engagement , Discipline and others , all films in various stages of development .   Prior to his writing assignments for ARO Entertainment , he worked on films as an Assistant Director , Casting Associate and Production Assistant for such films as Casino , Con Air , Mars Attacks ! , Breakdown , Ed TV , The Grinch , High Crimes , The Cat in the Hat , The X-Files , Deadwood , and Monk .   His background includes a short career as a professional musician in Las Vegas , NV .

neg: Howard Rollins Howard Ellsworth Rollins , Jr. ( October 17 , 1950 -- December 8 , 1996 ) was an American stage , film and television actor . Howard Rollins was best known for his role as Andrew Young in 1978 's King , George Haley in the 1979 movie Roots , Coalhouse Walker , Jr. in the 1981 film Ragtime , Captain Davenport in the 1984 film A Soldier 's Story , and as Virgil Tibbs on the crime drama for NBC/CBS , In the Heat of the Night .


query: Toronto is the least populous city in Canada.

pos: Ontario Ontario ( -LSB- ɒnˈtɛərioʊ -RSB- -LSB- ɔ̃taʁjo -RSB- ) , one of the 13 provinces and territories of Canada , is located in east-central Canada . It is Canada 's most populous province by a large margin , accounting for nearly 40 percent of all Canadians , and is the second-largest province in total area . Ontario is fourth-largest in total area when the territories of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut are included . It is home to the nation 's capital city , Ottawa , and the nation 's most populous city , Toronto .   Ontario is bordered by the province of Manitoba to the west , Hudson Bay and James Bay to the north , and Quebec to the east and northeast , and to the south by the U.S. states of ( from west to east ) Minnesota , Michigan , Ohio , Pennsylvania and New York . Almost all of Ontario 's 2700 km border with the United States follows inland waterways : from the west at Lake of the Woods , eastward along the major rivers and lakes of the Great Lakes/Saint Lawrence River drainage system . These are the Rainy River , the Pigeon River , Lake Superior , the St. Marys River , Lake Huron , the St. Clair River , Lake St. Clair , the Detroit River , Lake Erie , the Niagara River , Lake Ontario and along the St. Lawrence River from Kingston , Ontario , to the Quebec boundary just east of Cornwall , Ontario . There is only about 1 km of land border made up of portages including Height of Land Portage on the Minnesota border .   Ontario is sometimes conceptually divided into two regions , Northern Ontario and Southern Ontario . The great majority of Ontario 's population and arable land is located in the south . In contrast , the larger , northern part of Ontario is sparsely populated with cold winters and is heavily forested .

pos: Toronto Toronto is the most populous city in Canada and the provincial capital of Ontario . With a population of 2,731,571 , it is the fourth most populous city in North America after Mexico City , New York City , and Los Angeles . Toronto is the centre of the Greater Toronto Area ( GTA ) , the most populous metropolitan area in Canada , and anchors the Golden Horseshoe , a heavily urbanized region that is home to 9.2 million people , or over 26 % of the population of Canada . A global city , Toronto is an international centre of business , finance , arts , and culture , and is recognized as one of the most multicultural and cosmopolitan cities in the world .   Aboriginal peoples have inhabited the area now known as Toronto for thousands of years . The city itself is situated on the southern terminus of an ancient Aboriginal trail leading north to Lake Simcoe , used by the Wyandot , Iroquois , and the Mississauga . Permanent European settlement began in the 1790s , after the broadly disputed Toronto Purchase of 1787 , when the Mississaugas surrendered the area to the British Crown . The British established the town of York , and later designated it as the capital of Upper Canada . During the War of 1812 , the town was the site of the Battle of York and suffered heavy damage by U.S. troops . York was renamed and incorporated as the city of Toronto in 1834 , and became the capital of the province of Ontario during Canadian Confederation in 1867 . The city proper has since expanded past its original borders through amalgamation with surrounding municipalities at various times in its history to its current area of 630.2 km2 .   Located in Southern Ontario on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario , Toronto is situated on a broad sloping plateau intersected by an extensive network of rivers , deep ravines , and urban forest , with 140 independently unique and clearly defined official neighbourhoods making up the city . The diverse population of Toronto reflects its current and historical role as an important destination for immigrants to Canada , with nearly 50 % of residents belonging to a visible minority population group , and over 200 distinct ethnic origins represented among its inhabitants . While the majority of Torontonians speak English as their primary language , there are over 160 different languages spoken in the city .   Toronto is a prominent centre for music , theatre , motion picture production , and television production , and is home to the headquarters of Canada 's major national broadcast networks and media outlets . Its varied cultural institutions , which include numerous museums and galleries , festivals and public events , entertainment districts , national historic sites , and sports activities , attract over 25 million tourists each year . Toronto is known for its many skyscrapers and high-rise buildings , in particular the tallest free-standing structure in the Western Hemisphere , the CN Tower . As Canada 's commercial capital , the city is home to the Toronto Stock Exchange , the headquarters of Canada 's five largest banks , and the headquarters of many large Canadian and multinational corporations . Its economy is highly diversified with strengths in technology , design , financial services , life sciences , education , arts , fashion , business services , environmental innovation , food services , and tourism .

neg: Toronto mayoral election, 2010 The 2010 Toronto mayoral election was held on October 25 , 2010 to elect a mayor of the city of Toronto , Ontario , Canada . The mayor 's seat was open for the first time since the 2003 Toronto election due to the announcement by incumbent mayor David Miller that he would not seek a third term in office . The nomination period for the 2010 municipal election opened on January 4 , 2010 and closed on September 10 , 2010 . The result of the election was a victory for former city councillor Rob Ford . He received 47 % of the vote .

neg: Toronto Islands The Toronto Islands ( formerly known as Island of Hiawatha and also known as Menecing , meaning `` On the Island '' in the Ojibwa language ) are a chain of small islands in Lake Ontario , south of mainland Toronto , Ontario , Canada . Comprising the only group of islands in the western part of Lake Ontario , the Toronto Islands are located just offshore from the city centre , and provide shelter for Toronto Harbour . The islands are home to parkland , the Billy Bishop Toronto City Airport , several yacht clubs , Centreville Amusement Park , and Hanlan 's Beach . The island community is considered to be the largest urban car-free community in North America , although some service vehicles are permitted . Access to the Islands is by ferry , including the City of Toronto ferries operating from Jack Layton Ferry Terminal at the foot of Bay Street , or by water taxis .   The island is a popular recreation destination . Recreational bicyclists are accommodated on the ferries . There is a public bicycle sharing station operated by Bike Share Toronto at Jack Layton Ferry Terminal and bicycles and quadracycles can be rented at Centre Island . Canoes , kayaks and paddle boats can also be rented on the island . A frisbee golf course exists on the island . The main beach is along the south shore and the beach on the west shore is clothing-optional . There is ample park land suitable for picnicking which is popular , several playgrounds , and several gardens .

neg: Toronto Transit Commission The Toronto Transit Commission ( TTC ) is a public transport agency that operates bus , subway , streetcar , and paratransit services in Toronto , the capital of the province of Ontario in Canada . It is the oldest and largest of the urban transit service providers in the Greater Toronto Area , with numerous connections to systems serving its surrounding municipalities .   Established as the Toronto Transportation Commission in 1921 , the TTC owns and operates four subway lines with 69 stations , over 149 bus routes , and 10 streetcar lines . In the 4th quarter of 2012 , the average daily ridership was 2.76 million passengers : 1,425,300 by bus , 271,100 by streetcar , 46,400 by intermediate rail , and 1,011,700 by subway . The TTC also operates door-to-door paratransit service for the elderly and disabled , known as Wheel-Trans .   The TTC is the most heavily used urban mass transit system in all of Canada , and the third largest in North America , after the New York City Transit Authority and Mexico City Metro .

neg: Demographics of Ontario Ontario , one of the 13 provinces and territories of Canada , is located in east-central Canada . It is Canada 's most populous province by a large margin , accounting for nearly 40 percent of all Canadians , and is the second-largest province in total area . Ontario is fourth-largest in total area when the territories of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut are included . It is home to the nation 's capital city , Ottawa , and the nation 's most populous city , Toronto .

neg: Canada 2011 Census The Canada 2011 Census is a detailed enumeration of the Canadian population on May 10 , 2011 . Statistics Canada , an agency of the Canadian government , conducts a nationwide census every five years . In 2011 , it consisted of a mandatory short form census questionnaire and an inaugural National Household Survey ( NHS ) , a voluntary survey which replaced the mandatory long form census questionnaire ; this substitution was the focus of much controversy . Completion of the ( short form ) census is mandatory for all Canadians , and those who do not complete it may face penalties ranging from fines to jail time .   The Statistics Act mandates a Senate and/or House of Commons ( joint ) committee review of the opt-in clause ( for the release of one 's census records after 92 years ) by 2014 .   The 2011 Census is the fifteenth decennial census and is required by section 8 of the Constitution Act , 1867 . As with other decennial censuses , the data was used to adjust federal electoral district boundaries .   As of August 24 , 2011 , Canada 's overall collection response rate was 98.1 % , up over a full percentage point from 96.5 % in the 2006 Census . Ontario and Prince Edward Island each hold the highest response rate at 98.3 % , while Nunavut holds the lowest response rate at 92.7 % .   In an article in the New York Times in August 2015 , journalist Stephen Marche argued that by ending the mandatory long-form census in 2011 , the federal government `` stripped Canada of its capacity to gather information about itself '' in the `` age of information . '' Nearly 500 organizations in Canada , including the Canadian Medical Association , the Canadian Chamber of Commerce , and the Canadian Catholic Council of Bishops protested the decision to replace the long form Census in 2011 with a shorter version .

neg: Metro Toronto Parks and Culture Metro Toronto Parks and Culture was a department within the former Regional Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto .   The department was responsible for maintaining major parks and cultural sites around Metro Toronto , Canada .   Parks - now under Toronto Parks and Recreation  Morningside Park  Glen Rouge Park and stables  Humber Bay Park  Colonel Samuel Smith Park  Sunnybrook Park and stables  Toronto Islands and the Toronto Island ferries  Bluffers Park  Colonel Danforth Park  Lower Don Parkland / Don Valley Brickworks  Marie Curtis Park   Culture  O'Keefe Centre - now the Sony Centre for the Performing Arts  Metro Toronto Zoo - now Toronto Zoo  Black Creek Pioneer Village  Toronto Heritage  Exhibition Place - park used by the Canadian National Exhibition or `` The Ex ''  Museums other than the Royal Ontario Museum , Bata Shoe Museum

neg: List of cities in Saskatchewan A city is a type of incorporated urban municipality in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan . A city is created from a town by the Minister of Municipal Affairs by ministerial order via section 39 of The Cities Act if the town has a population of 5,000 or more and the change in status is requested by the town council . In the early history of the province , the threshold for city status was much lower , with both Saskatoon and Regina achieving city status with populations in the 3,000 range . One city , Melville , currently has a population well below the 5,000 mark , but retains its city status as of 2015 .   Saskatchewan has 16 cities including Lloydminster , which traverses the provincial border with Alberta , but not including Flin Flon , which traverses the provincial border with Manitoba . Not including Flin Flon , Saskatchewan 's cities had a cumulative population of 595,707 and an average population of 37,232 in the 2011 Census . Saskatchewan 's largest and smallest cities are Saskatoon and Melville with populations of 222,189 and 4,546 respectively . __ FORCETOC __

neg: Provinces and territories of Canada Canada 's geography is divided into administrative divisions known as provinces and territories that are responsible for delivery of sub-national governance . When Canada was formed in 1867 , three provinces of British North America -- New Brunswick , Nova Scotia and the Province of Canada ( which , on the formation of Canada , was divided into Ontario and Quebec ) -- were united to form a federated colony , which eventually became a sovereign nation in the next century . Over its history , Canada 's international borders have changed several times , and the country has grown from the original four provinces to the current ten provinces and three territories . The ten provinces are Alberta , British Columbia , Manitoba , New Brunswick , Newfoundland and Labrador , Nova Scotia , Ontario , Prince Edward Island , Quebec , and Saskatchewan . Several of the provinces were former British colonies , and Quebec was originally a French colony , while others were added as Canada grew . The three territories are Northwest Territories , Nunavut , and Yukon , which govern the rest of the area of the former British North America . Together , the provinces and territories make up the world 's second-largest country by area .   The major difference between a Canadian province and a territory is that provinces receive their power and authority from the Constitution Act , 1867 ( formerly called the British North America Act , 1867 ) , whereas territorial governments have powers delegated to them by the Parliament of Canada . The powers flowing from the Constitution Act are divided between the federal government and the provincial governments to exercise exclusively . A change to the division of powers between the federal government and the provinces requires a constitutional amendment , whereas a similar change affecting the territories can be performed unilaterally by the Parliament of Canada or government .   In modern Canadian constitutional theory , the provinces are considered to be co-sovereign divisions and each province has its own `` Crown '' represented by the lieutenant governor . The territories are not sovereign , but simply part of the federal realm , and have a commissioner who represents the federal government .   __ TOC __

neg: Culture in Toronto Toronto is the largest city of Canada and one of its most ethnically diverse ; many immigrant cultures have brought their traditions , languages and music . It is a city of many museums , theatres , festival events and sports activities .

neg: The Toronto Song `` The Toronto Song '' is a comedy song by Canadian comedy group Three Dead Trolls in a Baggie . It is one of many songs ( including `` The White House Burned ( The War of 1812 ) '' ) the Trolls recorded that are often mistakenly attributed to The Arrogant Worms . Originally on the Con Troupo Comedius cassette tape , `` The Toronto Song '' also appears on the CD Skit Happens , a greatest hits collection of Three Dead Trolls skits . Before the tape , the song had spread across Canada but most listeners did n't know the song 's name . It was ( and still is ) often believed to be called `` Toronto Sucks '' , `` The Ontario Song '' , or `` Ontario Sucks '' .   The song starts with the Trolls ( who are from Edmonton , Alberta ) saying how much they hate the city of Toronto , its people , shanty towns , and landmarks . They then realize they hate all of Ontario , and finally all of Canada ( minus Alberta , but including Calgary ) . The criticisms of other parts of Canada range from practical ( `` Prince Edward Island is too small '' ) to absurd ( `` Manitoba 's population density is 1.9 people per square kilometre . Is n't that stupid ? '' ) .   The song is primarily poking fun at the popular Canadian activity of insulting Toronto and to a lesser extent Albertan pride and the Edmonton-Calgary rivalry .   The song was recorded with only a couple guitars . Later , a remake of the song , entitled `` The Toronto Song 2001 '' , had a full band performing the music and included a guitar solo and different banter . It was featured in the mockumentary film Let 's All Hate Toronto .   One minor error in the song is a mention of `` the Ontario Zoo '' , which does not exist . Toronto does have a zoo , but it is called the Toronto Zoo . This is corrected in the 2001 remake where the lyric is changed to `` Metro Zoo '' ( the zoo was originally called the `` Metropolitan Toronto Zoo '' ) .

neg: Lithuanian Canadians Lithuanian Canadians ( Lithuanian : Kanados lietuviai ) are citizens of Canada who are fully or partially of Lithuanian descent . Over two-thirds of Lithuanian Canadians reside in Toronto , with other much smaller populations scattered around most of the Canadian provinces and territories .

neg: Toronto, County Durham Toronto is a village in County Durham , in England . It is situated a mile to the north-west of Bishop Auckland and was represented in Wear Valley District Council until that authority was merged into Durham County Council in April 2009 . In the 2001 census Toronto had a population of 399 .

neg: List of elections in the Province of Canada The Province of Canada was the union of Canada West ( formerly Upper Canada and later Ontario ) and Canada East ( formerly Lower Canada and later Quebec ) .   The Province of Canada held 8 unique elections from 1841 to 1863 before Confederation . While party lines were somewhat blurred , there were political parties .   There are many examples of groups of MPs going against the party line , or splitting a party into two . A good example of this is when a number of Liberal MPs supported John A. Macdonald , a Conservative , and his idea for Canadian Confederation , many other Liberal Party members were opposed to Confederation .   After the establishment of the double majority principle , any bill , in order to be passed , needed a majority of MPs from both Canada West and Canada East . This sometimes led to coalitions between Ontario Liberals and Quebec Tories , or vice versa . The elections listed below are divided into `` Left '' or `` Reformer '' camps , and `` Right '' or `` Conservative '' camps .

neg: Politics of Ontario The Province of Ontario is governed by a unicameral legislature , the Legislative Assembly of Ontario , which operates in the Westminster system of government . The political party that wins the largest number of seats in the legislature normally forms the government , and the party 's leader becomes premier of the province , i.e. , the head of the government .  Ontario 's primary political parties are the centre-left Ontario Liberal Party , the centre-right Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario ( PC ) , and the social democratic Ontario New Democratic Party ( NDP ) . The Green Party of Ontario has seen its support grow over the years - to 8.1 % of the vote in 2007 - but has yet to win a seat in the Legislature .

neg: Cuisine in Toronto The cuisine of Toronto reflects Toronto 's size and multicultural diversity . Different ethnic neighbourhoods throughout the city focus on specific cuisines , such as authentic Chinese and Vietnamese found in the city 's six Chinatowns , Korean in Koreatown , Greek on The Danforth , Italian cuisine in Little Italy and Corso Italia , and Indian in Little India . Numerous other world cuisines are available throughout the city , including Portuguese , Hungarian , Japanese , and Caribbean . Toronto 's large Jewish population has also ensured a variety of Jewish restaurants and delis , with varying adherence to kosher rules . In addition to ethnic cuisines , Toronto is also home to many fine dining establishments and chain restaurants ranging from fast food to casual or upscale dining .

neg: Low, Quebec Low is a township municipality in the La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality of western Quebec , Canada . It is situated along the Gatineau River north of Wakefield , and it is located within Canada 's National Capital Region . Its 2006 population was 956 .   Low received its name from Charles Adamson Low , a lumber merchant who held timber rights in the Gatineau Valley .   A section of Low called Tucker Lake was home of the Gatineau Clog , a country music festival founded by Wayne Rostad in 1980 until 1995 .   The mayor of Low is Morris O'Connor elected in November 2009 . Former mayor was Michael Francis who was mayor back in the mid - eighties , and was re-elected in 1997 . However Michael announced his retirement in the summer of 2009 , and finished his term until November 2 .

neg: List of Canadian provinces and territories by population Canada is divided into ten provinces and three territories . The majority of Canada 's population is concentrated in the areas close to the Canada -- US border . Its four largest provinces by area ( Quebec , Ontario , British Columbia and Alberta ) are also ( with Quebec and Ontario switched in order ) its most populous ; together they account for 86 % of the country 's population . The territories ( the Northwest Territories , Nunavut and Yukon ) account for over a third of Canada 's area but are home to only 0.3 % of its population , which skews the national population density value .   Canada 's population grew by 5.0 % between the 2006 and 2011 censuses . Except for New Brunswick , all territories and provinces increased in population from 2011 to 2016 . In terms of percent change , the fastest-growing province or territory was Nunavut with an increase of 12.7 % between 2011 and 2016 , followed by Alberta with 11.6 % growth . New Brunswick 's population decreased by 0.5 % between 2011 and 2016 .   Canada 's population has increased every year since Confederation in 1867 : see List of population of Canada by years .

neg: Toronto Paramedic Services Toronto Paramedic Services is the statutory Emergency medical services provider for the city of Toronto , Ontario , Canada . The service is operated directly as a branch of the municipal government as an independent , third-service option provider , which means that the service is funded by the municipal tax base , and operates in much the same manner as any other municipal department , such as the police or fire department , or in some cases like a public utility , but retains its complete independence from all other departments . While under municipal government control , it is required to comply with legislation and licensing standards provided by the Ontario provincial government . It is not the only service provider in its area ; private-for-profit medical transport services also provide routine , non-emergency transports and coverage for special events , but the statutory EMS system is the only provider permitted to service emergency calls .

neg: David Breakenridge Read David Breakenridge Read ( 13 June 1823 -- 11 May 1904 ) was a Canadian lawyer , educator , author , and Mayor of Toronto in 1858 . Read was Mayor of Toronto from November 11 , 1858 to December 31 , 1858 . He served a mere 50 fifty days , thus making him the shortest serving Mayor of that city .   Born in Merrickville , Ontario , the sixth child of John Landon Read -LSB- 1789 - ?? -RSB- and Janet Breakenridge -LSB- 1795-1832 -RSB- . Read was educated in Brockville , and , at the age of thirteen , was accepted into Toronto 's Upper Canada College . Four years later , 1840 , he was admitted to the Law Society of Upper Canada . Read began his law articles while working for George Sherwood in Brockville . His studies were finished with John Ross in Belleville and then John Willoughby Crawford in Toronto . Read was admitted into the bar in 1845 . He then began a law practice which became successful.In 1845 he served as Barrister at Law .   He married Emily Ballard , born 1827 , daughter of Norman Ballard . The couple had seven children .   In November 1855 , he was elected a Bencher of the Law Society of Upper Canada . The next year , Read was appointed by Attorney General John A.MacDonald to a commission to revise the statutes of Upper Canada . Read served as a junior commissioner and was the commission 's secretary . In 1858 , he was elected to Toronto City Council as alderman for St Patrick 's Ward . Council appointed him Mayor of Toronto on November 11 , 1858 after his predecessor , William Henry Boulton , announced his resignation . He served in that post until December 31 of that year , when Adam Wilson was elected to take that post . He was also a member of the Orange Order in Canada .   Read continued to serve in the Law Society until his retirement in April 1881 at the age of 55 . In November 1902 , at the age of 79 , Read suffered a stroke that would leave him bedridden for the final year and half until his death . He died on May 11 , 1904 , and was buried among many of his colleagues in a private funeral at St. James Cemetery in Toronto .

neg: List of Catholic churches in Toronto This is a list of Roman Catholic churches in Toronto , Ontario , Canada .   The Archdiocese of Toronto covers the city of Toronto and the surrounding areas of the Greater Toronto Area . Toronto is also home to many Eastern Rite churches not part of the archdiocese .