query: Bangladesh is an entity that helped found SAARC.

pos: Bangladesh Bangladesh ( -LSB- bæŋɡləˈdɛʃ -RSB- -LSB- ˌbɑːŋɡləˈdɛʃ -RSB- -LSB- : bn : বাংলাদেশ , বাংলাদেশ -RSB- , -LSB- ˈbaŋlad̪eʃ -RSB- , lit . `` The country of Bengal '' ) , officially the People 's Republic of Bangladesh , is a country in South Asia . It shares land borders with India and Myanmar ( Burma ) . Nepal , Bhutan and China are located near Bangladesh but do not share a border with it . The country 's maritime territory in the Bay of Bengal is roughly equal to the size of its land area . Bangladesh is the world 's eighth most populous country . Dhaka is its capital and largest city , followed by Chittagong , which has the country 's largest port .   Bangladesh forms the largest and eastern part of the Bengal region . Bangladeshis include people of different ethnic groups and religions . Bengalis , who speak the official Bengali language , make up 98 % of the population . The politically dominant Bengali Muslims make the nation the world 's third largest Muslim-majority country . Most of Bangladesh is covered by the Bengal delta , the largest delta on Earth . The country has 700 rivers and 8,046 km ( 5,000 miles ) of inland waterways . Highlands with evergreen forests are found in the northeastern and southeastern regions of the country . Bangladesh has many islands and a coral reef . It is home to the Sundarbans , the largest mangrove forest in the world . The country 's biodiversity includes a vast array of plant and wildlife , including critically endangered Bengal tigers , the national animal .   The Greeks and Romans identified the region as Gangaridai , a powerful kingdom of the historical subcontinent , in the 3rd century BCE . Archaeological research has unearthed several ancient cities in Bangladesh , which had international trade links for millennia . The Bengal Sultanate and Mughal Bengal transformed the region into a cosmopolitan Islamic imperial power between the 14th and 18th centuries . The region was home to many principalities that had inland naval prowess . It was also a notable center of the worldwide muslin and silk trade . As part of British India , the region was influenced by the Bengali renaissance and played an important role in anti-colonial movements . The Partition of British India made East Bengal a part of the Dominion of Pakistan ; and was renamed as East Pakistan . The region witnessed the Bengali Language Movement in 1952 and the Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971 . After independence , a parliamentary republic was established . A presidential government was in place between 1975 and 1990 , followed by a return to parliamentary democracy . The country has also been affected by poverty , natural disasters , hunger , dominant party systems and military coups .   Bangladesh is a middle power and a major developing nation . Within South Asia , the country ranks first in gender equality , second in foreign exchange earnings and third in life expectancy and peacefulness . Listed as one of the Next Eleven , its economy ranks 46th in terms of nominal gross domestic product ( GDP ) and 29th in terms of purchasing power parity ( PPP ) . It is one of the largest textile exporters in the world . Its major trading partners are the European Union , the United States , China , India , Japan , Malaysia and Singapore . With its strategically vital location between Southern , Eastern and Southeast Asia , Bangladesh is an important promoter of regional connectivity and cooperation . It is a founding member of SAARC , BIMSTEC , the Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Forum for Regional Cooperation and the Bangladesh Bhutan India Nepal Initiative . It is also a member of the Commonwealth of Nations , the Developing 8 Countries , the OIC , the Non Aligned Movement , the Group of 77 and the World Trade Organization . Bangladesh is one of the largest contributors to United Nations peacekeeping forces .

neg: Bangla College Government Bangla College is a government funded educational institution , located in the north-west part of the capital city of Dhaka in Bangladesh . The college was established on 1 October 1962 by Principal Abul Kashem to promote the use of the Bangla in higher education and to establish the language in all spheres of national life of Bangalis .

neg: Institute of Bangladesh Studies The Institute of Bangladesh Studies ( IBS ) is a research centre in the University of Rajshahi , Bangladesh . It was established in 1974 and is a school for inter-disciplinary study and research on various aspects of Bangladeshi society and culture .

neg: Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council is the body in charge of the National Agricultural Research System and is located in Farmgate , Dhaka , Bangladesh .

neg: United Nations Security Council Resolution 278 United Nations Security Council Resolution 278 , adopted unanimously on May 11 , 1970 , after statements from representatives of Iran and the United Kingdom , the Council endorsed the report of the Personal Representative of the Secretary-General and welcomed its conclusion , particularly the finding that `` the overwhelming majority of the people of Bahrain wish to gain recognition of their identity in a full independent and sovereign State free to decide for itself its relations with other States '' .   After World War II , Bahrain became the centre for British administration of the lower Persian Gulf . In 1968 , when the British Government announced its decision to end the treaty relationships with the Persian Gulf sheikdoms , Bahrain joined with Qatar and the seven Trucial States ( which now form the United Arab Emirates ) under British protection in an effort to form a union of Arab emirates . By mid-1971 , however , the nine sheikhdoms still had not agreed on the terms of union . Accordingly , Bahrain sought independence as a separate entity declaring independence on August 15 , 1971 , and becoming formally independent as the State of Bahrain on December 16 , 1971 .

neg: South Asia South Asia or Southern Asia is a term used to represent the southern region of the Asian continent , which comprises the sub-Himalayan SAARC countries and , for some authorities , adjoining countries to the west and east . Topographically , it is dominated by the Indian Plate , which rises above sea level as Nepal and northern parts of India situated south of the Himalayas and the Hindu Kush . South Asia is bounded on the south by the Indian Ocean and on land ( clockwise , from west ) by West Asia , Central Asia , East Asia , and Southeast Asia .   The current territories of Afghanistan , Bangladesh , Bhutan , Maldives , Nepal , India , Pakistan , and Sri Lanka form the countries of South Asia . The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation ( SAARC ) is an economic cooperation organisation in the region which was established in 1985 and includes all eight nations comprising South Asia .   South Asia covers about 5.1 million km2 ( 1.9 million mi2 ) , which is 11.51 % of the Asian continent or 3.4 % of the world 's land surface area . The population of South Asia is about 1.749 billion or about one fourth of the world 's population , making it both the most populous and the most densely populated geographical region in the world . Overall , it accounts for about 39.49 % of Asia 's population ( or over 24 % of the world 's population ) and is home to a vast array of peoples .   In 2010 , South Asia had the world 's largest population of Hindus , Jains and Sikhs . There are 507 million Muslims as well as over 35 million Christians and 25 million Buddhists in South Asia .

neg: Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic Uzbekistan ( -LSB- ʊzˈbɛkᵻˌstæn , _ - ˌstɑːn -RSB- , -LSB- ʊzˌbɛkᵻˈstɑːn , _ ʌz - , _ - ˈstæn -RSB- ) is the common English name for the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic ( Uzbek SSR ; Ўзбекистон Совет Социалистик Республикаси , Oʻzbekiston Sovet Sotsialistik Respublikasi ; Узбекская Советская Социалистическая Республика , Uzbekskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika ) and later , the Republic of Uzbekistan ( Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi , Ўзбекистон Республикаси ) that refers to the period of Uzbekistan from 1924 to 1991 . as one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union . It was governed by the Uzbek branch of the Soviet Communist Party , the only legal political party , from 1925 until 1990 . From 1990 to 1991 , it was the sovereign part of the Soviet Union with its own legislation . Sometimes , that period can be also referred to as Soviet Uzbekistan .   Beginning 20 June 1990 , Uzbek SSR adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty within its borders . Islam Karimov became the republic 's inaugural president .   On 31 August 1991 , the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic was renamed the Republic of Uzbekistan '' ' and declared independence three months before the Soviet Union 's dissolution on 26 December 1991 .   A doubly landlocked Soviet republic in Central Asia . Uzbekistan was bordered by Kazakhstan to the north ; Tajikistan to the southeast ; Kirghizia to the northeast ; Afghanistan to the south ; and Turkmenistan to the southwest .

neg: Australia–Bangladesh relations Australia -- Bangladesh relations refer to bilateral relations between Australia and Bangladesh .

neg: South Asian Games The South Asian Games ( SAF Games , SAG , or SA games , & formerly known as South Asian Federation Games ) are a biennial multi-sport event held among the athletes from South Asia . The governing body of these games is South Asian Sports Council ( SASC ) , formed in 1983 . At present , SAG are joined by eight members namely Afghanistan , Bangladesh , Bhutan , India , Maldives , Nepal , Pakistan , Sri Lanka .   The first South Asian Games were hosted by Kathmandu , Nepal in 1984 and have since been held every two years except for some occasions . In 2004 , it was decided in the 32nd meeting of South Asian Sports Council to rename the games from South Asian Federation Games to South Asian Games as the officials believed the word Federation was diminishing the emphasis on event and acting as a barrier in attracting crowd . These Games are often hyped as the South Asian version of Olympic Games . XII South Asian Games are being held at Guwahati and Shillong from 5 February to 16 February 2016 .

neg: KDS Group KDS Group is a business and industrial conglomerates of Bangladesh , which is based mainly in the port city of Chittagong but with extensive operations in Dhaka as well . It has also established offices and agencies in India , Hong Kong and is currently expanding into Europe and North America . It is one of the largest private sector employers in Bangladesh .   The group was founded in 1983 , through the establishment of one of the first garments industries of Bangladesh .   • Apparel  • Textiles  • Apparel Trims & Packaging  • Steel  • Information & Communication Technologies  • IT Training Services  • Banking  • Insurance  • Investment Management  • Shares and securities trading  • Logistics & Shipping  • Inland Container Depot  • Real Estate Development  • Other trading operations   The existing chairman ( Mr. MD. . Khalilur Rahman , present president of Metropolitan Chamber Of Commerce & Industries , Chittagong Chapter ) of the Group founded the organization in 1983 and has steered KDS to rapid growth and diversity .

neg: International Crimes Tribunal (Bangladesh) The International Crimes Tribunal ( Bangladesh ) ( ICT of Bangladesh ) is a domestic war crimes tribunal in Bangladesh set up in 2009 to investigate and prosecute suspects for the genocide committed in 1971 by the Pakistan Army and their local collaborators , Razakars , Al-Badr and Al-Shams during the Bangladesh Liberation War . During the 2008 general election , the Awami League ( AL ) pledged to establish the tribunals in response to long-standing calls for trying war criminals . The first indictments were issued in 2010 . However , the main perpetrators of the war crimes , the Pakistan soldiers , remained out of the reach of the courts .   The government set up the tribunal after the Awami League won the general election in December 2008 with a more than two-thirds majority in parliament . The War Crimes Fact Finding Committee , tasked to investigate and find evidence , completed its report in 2008 , identifying 1,600 suspects . Prior to the formation of the ICT , the United Nations Development Programme offered assistance in 2009 on the tribunal 's formation . In 2009 , the parliament amended the 1973 act that authorised such a tribunal to update it .   By 2012 , nine leaders of Jamaat-e-Islami , the largest Islamist party in the nation , and two of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party , had been indicted as suspects in war crimes . Three leaders of Jamaat were the first tried ; each were convicted of several charges of war crimes . The first person convicted was Abul Kalam Azad , tried in absentia as he had left the country ; he was sentenced to death in January 2013 .   The ICT initially received some offers of international assistance . In 2009 , the UN offered its expertise , expressing an interest in helping Bangladesh avoid the problems other countries faced in similar trials . The EU has passed three resolutions supporting the trials and Jean Lambert has said `` she expected that the trial would conform to the highest standard possible . ''   However , since the beginning of the trials several human rights organisations and international legal figures have raised objections to the court proceedings . Human Rights Watch , which initially supported the establishment of the tribunal , have criticised it for issues of fairness and transparency , as well as reported harassment of lawyers and witnesses representing the accused . Bianca Karim and Tirza Theunissen have written that the international community have voiced concerns that the trial will not be transparent or impartial .   Jamaat-e-Islami supporters and their student wing , Bangladesh Islami Chhatra Shibir , called a general strike nationwide on 4 December 2012 , which erupted in violence . The group demanded the tribunal be scrapped permanently and their leaders be released immediately .   Annual public opinion polls regularly rank the war-crimes trials ranked among the top three `` positive steps that the government has taken '' , though the issue is not considered among the top ten most pressing issues facing the country . Polling in 2013 by AC Nielsen found that more than two-thirds of Bangladeshis characterise the ICT as `` unfair '' or `` very unfair '' , though 86 % support its implementation .   In February 2013 , Abdul Quader Molla , Assistant Secretary General of Jamaat , was the first person sentenced to death by the ICT who was not convicted in absentia . Initially , Molla was sentenced to life imprisonment , but demonstrations , including the 2013 Shahbag protests in Dhaka , lead to a new punishment .

neg: Sundarbans National Park The Sundarban National Park ( -LSB- : bn : সুন্দরবন জাতীয় উদ্যান , সুন্দরবন জাতীয় উদ্যান -RSB- Shundorbôn Jatiyo Udyan ) is a National Park , Tiger Reserve , and a Biosphere Reserve in West Bengal , India . It is part of the Sundarbans on the Ganges Delta , and adjacent to the Sundarban Reserve Forest in Bangladesh . The delta is densely covered by mangrove forests , and is one of the largest reserves for the Bengal tiger . It is also home to a variety of bird , reptile and invertebrate species , including the salt-water crocodile . The present Sundarban National Park was declared as the core area of Sundarban Tiger Reserve in 1973 and a wildlife sanctuary in 1977 . On 4 May 1984 it was declared a National Park . It is a UNESCO world heritage site inscripted in 1987 .   It is considered as a World Network of Biosphere Reserve ( Man and Biosphere Reserve ) in 2001 .   The first Forest Management Division to have jurisdiction over the Sundarbans was established in 1869 . In 1875 a large portion of the mangrove forests was declared as reserved forests under the Forest Act , 1865 ( Act VIII of 1865 ) . The remaining portions of the forests were declared a reserve forest the following year and the forest , which was so far administered by the civil administration district , was placed under the control of the Forest Department . A Forest Division , which is the basic forest management and administration unit , was created in 1879 with the headquarters in Khulna , Bangladesh . The first management plan was written for the period 1893 -- 98 .   In 1911 , it was described as a tract of waste country which had never been surveyed nor had the census been extended to it . It then stretched for about 165 mi from the mouth of the Hugli to the mouth of the Meghna river and was bordered inland by the three settled districts of the 24 Parganas , Khulna and Bakerganj . The total area ( including water ) was estimated at 6526 sqmi . It was a water-logged jungle , in which tigers and other wild beasts abounded . Attempts at reclamation had not been very successful . The Sundarbans was everywhere intersected by river channels and creeks , some of which afforded water communication throughout the Bengal region both for steamers and for native ships .

neg: Football in Bangladesh Throughout history , football has been the most popular sport in Bangladesh and is governed by the Bangladesh Football Federation ( BFF ) .   Compared to the past , the standard of Bangladeshi football has degraded due to mismanagement , lack of support and poor investment . An interest in cricket resulting from the nation 's success in Test Cricket and participation in the Cricket World Cup overshadowed the past fame in the nation 's football . But however this did not affect football 's popularity . More football tournaments are organized in and outside Dhaka than of any other sports and football fever grips the nation during every FIFA World Cup . Federation officials and experts are still hopeful about the development of football in the country in the next ten years despite financial obstacles and lack of professionalism .

neg: Bangladesh–Thailand relations Bangladesh -- Thailand relations refer to foreign relations between Bangladesh and Thailand . Relations were established on 5 October 1972 . Thailand opened its embassy in Bangladesh in 1974 , and Bangladesh opened its embassy in Bangkok in 1975 .

neg: Bangladesh–North Korea relations Bangladesh -- North Korea relations refer to the bilateral relations between Bangladesh and North Korea .

neg: Arab League The Arab League , formally the League of Arab States , is a regional organization of Arab countries in and around North Africa , the Horn of Africa and Arabia . It was formed in Cairo on 22 March 1945 with six members : Kingdom of Egypt , Kingdom of Iraq , Transjordan ( renamed Jordan in 1949 ) , Lebanon , Saudi Arabia , and Syria . Yemen joined as a member on 5 May 1945 . Currently , the League has 22 members , but Syria 's participation has been suspended since November 2011 , as a consequence of government repression during the Syrian Civil War .   The League 's main goal is to `` draw closer the relations between member States and co-ordinate collaboration between them , to safeguard their independence and sovereignty , and to consider in a general way the affairs and interests of the Arab countries '' .   Through institutions , such as the Arab League Educational , Cultural and Scientific Organization ( ALECSO ) and the Economic and Social Council of the Arab League 's Council of Arab Economic Unity ( CAEU ) , the Arab League facilitates political , economic , cultural , scientific , and social programmes designed to promote the interests of the Arab world . It has served as a forum for the member states to coordinate their policy positions , to deliberate on matters of common concern , to settle some Arab disputes and to limit conflicts such as the 1958 Lebanon crisis . The League has served as a platform for the drafting and conclusion of many landmark documents promoting economic integration . One example is the Joint Arab Economic Action Charter , which outlines the principles for economic activities in the region .   Each member state has one vote in the League Council , and decisions are binding only for those states that have voted for them . The aims of the league in 1945 were to strengthen and coordinate the political , cultural , economic and social programs of its members and to mediate disputes among them or between them and third parties . Furthermore , the signing of an agreement on Joint Defence and Economic Cooperation on 13 April 1950 committed the signatories to coordination of military defence measures . In March 2015 , the Arab League General Secretary announced the establishment of a Joint Arab Force with the aim of counteracting extremism and other threats to the Arab States . The decision was reached while Operation Decisive Storm was intensifying in Yemen . Participation in the project is voluntary , and the army intervenes only at the request of one of the member states . The growing militarization of the region and the increase in violent civil wars as well as terrorist movements are the reason behind the creation of the JAF , financed by the rich Gulf countries .   In the early 1970s , the Economic Council of the League of Arab States put forward a proposal to create the Joint Arab Chambers of Commerce across the European states . That led , under the decree of the League of Arab States no . K1175/D52/G , to the decision by the Arab governments to set up the Arab British Chamber of Commerce which was mandated to `` promote , encourage and facilitate bilateral trade '' between the Arab world and its major trading partner , the United Kingdom .

neg: Like Minded Group The Like Minded Group of Developing Countries ( LMDC ) is a group of developing countries who organise themselves as a block negotiators in international organizations such as the United Nations and the World Trade Organization , they represent more than 50 % of the world 's  population .   According to a statement by the Chinese diplomat Sha Zukang in 2005 , the member countries of the Like Minded Group are Algeria , Bangladesh , Belarus , Bhutan , China , Cuba , Egypt , India , Indonesia , Iran , Malaysia , Myanmar , Nepal , Pakistan , The Philippines Sri Lanka , Sudan , Syria , Vietnam , and Zimbabwe .   However , following the LMDC countries who negotiate in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change fora , the members are Algeria , Bangladesh , Bolivia , China , Cuba , Ecuador , Egypt , El Salvador , India , Jordan , Iraq , Kuwait , Indonesia , Iran , Malaysia , Mali , Nicaragua , Pakistan , Saudi Arabia , Sri Lanka , Sudan , Syria , Venezuela and Vietnam .

neg: Amra Bangali Amra Bangali ( AMB ) ( আমরা বাঙালী translation : We are Bengalis '' ) is a radical Bengali political party in India . Founded by renowned philosopher Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar ; the party was sparked off in reaction against anti-Bengali rhetoric in Indian politics that characterised Bengalis as infiltrators in Northeast India . Amra Bangali enjoyed a short stint in the spotlight in the mid-eighties when it even won some gram panchayat seats in border districts . Today , AMB is involved in various movements and protests including those against the Darjeeling Gorkhas calling for the creation of new state of Gorkhaland .   The politics of Amra Bangali is based on Sarkar 's ideas of economic and political democracy . The party is organized in West Bengal , as well as in other states with large Bengali populations such as Tripura , Bihar , Odisha , Assam and Jharkhand . The only real political breakthrough the party has had was in Tripura during the 1980s , when the party entered the Legislative Assembly in connection with the mounting ethnic tensions in the state .   The aims and objects of Amra Bangali include :  Restoration and development of Bengali language and culture .  Economic self-sufficiency .  Self-determination in socio-political field .   Few radical elements of AMB have also suggested the re-organization of the territory of Bengal with all the like minded people having respect for Bengali language and culture and giving a new name `` Bangalistan '' '' ' to this territory .   In West Bengal , Amra Bengali has vandalised signs in railway stations , obscuring English and Hindi place names with black tar , so that only the Bengali name remains visible .

neg: BRIC In economics , BRIC is a grouping acronym that refers to the countries of Brazil , Russia , India and China , which are all deemed to be at a similar stage of newly advanced economic development . It is typically rendered as `` the BRICs '' or `` the BRIC countries '' or `` the BRIC economies '' or alternatively as the `` Big Four '' . A related acronym , BRICS , adds South Africa .  There are arguments that Indonesia should be included into grouping , effectively turning it into BRIIC or BRIICS .   Previously BRIC was coined by Jim O'Neill in 2001 as an acronym of 4 countries which are all deemed to be at a similar stage of newly advanced economic development , but in 2009 the leaders of BRIC countries made the first summit and in 2010 BRIC became a formal institution . South Africa began efforts to join the BRIC grouping and on December 24 , 2010 South Africa was invited to join BRICS . The aim of BRIC is establishment of an equitable , democratic and multi polar world order , but later BRIC became a political organization , moreover after South Africa joined BRICS . Jim O'Neill , told the summit that South Africa , at a population of under 50 million people , was just too small as an economy to join the BRIC ranks .   But future of BRIC as an economy group is questionable . In 2012 , a book with title ` Breakout Nations ' mentioned that it is hard to sustain rapid growth for more than a decade . And in 2015 , only India can lure global investors , China struggles with its slow down , while Brazil and Russia are in heavy recessions .

neg: Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research ( BCSIR ) is a scientific research organization and regulatory body of Bangladesh . Its main objective is to pursue scientific research for the betterment of the Bangladeshi people . It was established on 16 November 1973 .

neg: Non-Aligned Movement The Non-Aligned Movement ( NAM ) is a group of states that are not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc . , the movement has 120 members .   The purpose of the organization has been enumerated as to ensure `` the national independence , sovereignty , territorial integrity and security of non-aligned countries '' in their `` struggle against imperialism , colonialism , neo-colonialism , racism , and all forms of foreign aggression , occupation , domination , interference or hegemony as well as against great power and bloc politics , '' by Fidel Castro in the Havana Declaration of 1979 . The countries of the Non-Aligned Movement represent nearly two-thirds of the United Nations ' members and contain 55 % of the world population . Membership is particularly concentrated in countries considered to be developing or part of the Third World .   Although many of the Non-Aligned Movement 's members were actually quite closely aligned with one or another of the superpowers , the movement still maintained cohesion throughout the Cold War , even despite several conflicts between members which also threatened the movement . In the years since the Cold War 's end , it has focused on developing multilateral ties and connections as well as unity among the developing nations of the world , especially those within the Global South .


query: The Twelfth Doctor is capable of regenerating into a new physical appearance.

pos: Twelfth Doctor The Twelfth Doctor is an incarnation of the Doctor , the protagonist of the BBC science fiction television programme Doctor Who . He is portrayed by Scottish actor Peter Capaldi . Within the series ' narrative , the Doctor is a time travelling , humanoid alien from a race known as the Time Lords . When the Doctor is critically injured , he can regenerate his body , and in doing so gain a new physical appearance , and with it a distinct new personality ; this plot mechanism has allowed the Doctor to be portrayed by a series of actors over the decades since the programme 's inception in 1963 . Capaldi 's portrayal of the Doctor is a spiky , brusque , contemplative , and pragmatic character who conceals his emotions in the course of making tough and sometimes ruthless decisions .   Capaldi made his first , very brief appearance as the Doctor in the show 's fiftieth anniversary special `` The Day of the Doctor '' ( 2013 ) , as one of the thirteen incarnations of the Doctor who are summoned to save Gallifrey from destruction . Capaldi 's first full appearance as the Doctor was at the end of the 2013 Christmas special `` The Time of the Doctor '' . He is accompanied in the eighth and ninth series by companion Clara Oswald ( Jenna Coleman ) . He also appeared in `` For Tonight We Might Die '' , the first episode of the 2016 spin-off series Class . In the tenth series of Doctor Who , he is accompanied by two new companions : Nardole ( Matt Lucas ) and Bill Potts ( Pearl Mackie ) . On 30 January 2017 , Capaldi announced he would be leaving the programme , with the 2017 Christmas episode being his last .

neg: Regenerative medicine Regenerative medicine is a branch of translational research in tissue engineering and molecular biology which deals with the `` process of replacing , engineering or regenerating human cells , tissues or organs to restore or establish normal function '' . This field holds the promise of engineering damaged tissues and organs by stimulating the body 's own repair mechanisms to functionally heal previously irreparable tissues or organs .   Regenerative medicine also includes the possibility of growing tissues and organs in the laboratory and implanting them when the body can not heal itself . If a regenerated organ 's cells would be derived from the patient 's own tissue or cells , this would potentially solve the problem of the shortage of organs available for donation , and the problem of organ transplant rejection .   Some of the biomedical approaches within the field of regenerative medicine may involve the use of stem cells . Examples include the injection of stem cells or progenitor cells obtained through directed differentiation ( cell therapies ) ; the induction of regeneration by biologically active molecules administered alone or as a secretion by infused cells ( immunomodulation therapy ) ; and transplantation of in vitro grown organs and tissues ( tissue engineering ) .

neg: The Name of the Doctor `` The Name of the Doctor '' is the thirteenth and final episode of the seventh series of the British science-fiction drama Doctor Who and was broadcast on . It was written by Steven Moffat and directed by Saul Metzstein .   The episode stars Matt Smith as the Eleventh Doctor and Jenna-Louise Coleman as Clara Oswald . It also features the return of Alex Kingston as River Song , Neve McIntosh as Madame Vastra , Dan Starkey as Commander Strax , Catrin Stewart as Jenny and Richard E. Grant as the Great Intelligence . The episode also features new monsters called the Whisper Men .

neg: Eighth Doctor comic stories Eighth Doctor comic stories are two ranges of comic series that featured the adventures of the eighth incarnation of the Doctor , the protagonist of the hit sc-fi series , Doctor Who .   Two separate series of original comic strips featuring the Eighth Doctor ( and thus the likeness of actor Paul McGann ) were published during the character 's original tenure . The Radio Times published a weekly comic strip for a time . There was also the standard Doctor Who Magazine strip . The two series introduced brand-new companions , although the Eighth Doctor 's only on-screen companion , Grace Holloway , also appeared twice . There were also cameo appearances by companions from past DWM series . The Master was also resurrected .   During the latter period of the DWM 's comic stories the stories switched from black and white strips to full colour .   One of the strip 's most noted fans was Russell T Davies , the future executive producer and head writer of the revived Doctor Who series . Davies had proposed that the Magazine 's strip regenerate McGann 's Doctor at the conclusion of The Flood . Whilst a draft was prepared to include the regeneration , the idea was abandoned as the Magazine team had reservations about taking such an important element from the television series should McGann ever be used in the series for flashback purposes . Eventually the decision was taken to simply end `` The Flood '' on a note similar to Survival , with The Eighth Doctor and Destrii 's later adventures left a mystery to the readers .   It has been speculated that Davies loosely adapted elements from The Flood in his later DW storylines The Parting of the Ways and Army of Ghosts ( in particular the Doctor absorbing the time/space vortex to save Rose Tyler 's life , triggering his regeneration and the ghost-shifting infiltration of The Cybermen on an unsuspecting public )

neg: Doctor Who Prime Computer ad's Doctor Who in the 1970s was really different from what we see today . A new series of ads starring Tom Baker and Lalla Ward Based on a new `` Super Computer '' known as `` Prime Computer '' which is based to solve problems . The Prime Computer was set up inside as part of the TARDIS . The ads were a big hit in the United Kingdom with millions of views . The first ever ad was titled stepping into the 80 's .  Where the Doctor was surprised to find a new Prime Computer . All ads are included in Destiny of the Daleks . ' They all had a White screen in the background , which makes it a funny experience . The TARDIS had a new paint style and was more bright blue rather then having a darker exterior . Down below is the FULL LIST :  Stepping Into the 80 's  Stepping into the 80 's 2  Dr Who Meets his Match  Dr Who and the Aliens   Category : Doctor Who

neg: Shayde Shayde is a fictional character who appeared in the Doctor Who Magazine comic strip based on the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who .   Shayde is an artificial being , a construct of the Gallifreyan Matrix -- the massive computer network that serves as the repository of all Time Lord knowledge . He was created by the minds of the dead Time Lords that reside within the Matrix , and was a servant of Rassilon . He first appeared in the story The Tides of Time , published in DWM # 61 - # 67 , written by Steve Parkhouse and drawn by Dave Gibbons . In that story , he aided the Fifth Doctor in defeating the otherdimensional demon Melanicus , at first covertly but then , as the Time Lords increased his power levels , he was able to manifest himself and help the Doctor directly .   Among Shayde 's powers are the abilities to travel through space and time unaided , fire deadly self-generated `` psychic bullets '' and be invisible to security systems . He can also phase through solid objects and track people through time and space given enough data .   Shayde next appeared when the TARDIS was possessed by an Elemental being . Having no instructions from the Time Lords , Shayde was allowed to act on his own and helped the Doctor expel the entity from the TARDIS . When the Doctor was placed on trial by the Time Lords for allowing the possession to take place and possibly placing Gallifrey in danger , Shayde surreptitiously erased the evidence , leading to the Doctor 's acquittal ( The Stockbridge Horror , DWM # 70 - # 75 ) .   It was nearly fifteen years before Shayde reappeared in the comic strip . At that time , the Doctor was in his Eighth incarnation and was dying due to the events of the previous adventure ( Tooth and Claw , DWM # 257 - # 260 ) . His companions at the time , Izzy and Fey had taken him back to Gallifrey where he was cured and his mind placed within the Matrix to recover . While within the Matrix , an attempt was made on the Doctor 's life by a secret Time Lord sect known as the Elysians , and Shayde stopped them . The assassination attempt was part of a plot by Overseer Luther , an insane Time Lord who wanted to rewrite Gallifrey 's history and set himself up as a god . The Doctor managed to thwart Luther by short-circuiting his watchtower ( a gigantic TARDIS ) , but apparently at the cost of his eighth body . As Izzy and Fey watched , the Doctor regenerated into a new incarnation . ( The Final Chapter , DWM # 262 - # 265 ) .   However , this was a ruse . The Doctor had realised that Fey was under external control when she had managed to pilot the TARDIS even though the TARDIS manual was in Gallifreyan script , which she did not understand . Just before the Doctor prepared to sacrifice himself , Shayde offered to take his place and fake a regeneration . This way , the group that was controlling Fey -- the Threshold , a mercenary organisation that the Doctor had tangled with before -- would seize the opportunity to bring a newly regenerated and thus weaker Doctor to them . Both disguised with personal chameleon circuits , Shayde would hold their attention while the Doctor sabotaged the Threshold 's operations .   In a Wild West town on an alien moon run by the Threshold , the Doctor 's plans came to fruition . When Shayde and the Doctor revealed themselves to the Threshold , Shayde had to contend with the Pariah , an immensely powerful being who was his predecessor . The Pariah was another construct of Rassilon , but he had tried to destroy her when she developed free will and rebelled . Now , the Pariah wanted to take revenge , not just on Gallifrey but the whole universe . Shayde was unable to defeat the Pariah on his own , and she crushed his skull . However , Fey merged with the dying Shayde and together they were able to kill the Pariah and eliminate the Threshold . The shared being , dubbed `` Feyde '' by the Doctor , although both of them retained their own consciousness , decided to leave and deal with what had just happened to them ( Wormwood , DWM # 266 - # 271 ) .   Fey returned to her own time period , the 1940s , where , as an agent of the British government , she spent two years fighting the Nazis and being frustrated that Shayde would not allow her to use their powers to kill Adolf Hitler , as this would change history . In 1941 , she received a sub-ether summons from the Doctor -- Izzy had been kidnapped , and the Doctor needed Shayde 's abilities to track her whereabouts . Together , they succeeded in recovering Izzy , and `` Feyde '' returned to World War II .   Shayde is one of the few characters from the comic strip that has made the cross-over into the other spin-off media . In a special Big Finish Productions audio play given away with DWM # 326 titled No Place Like Home , Shayde helped the Fifth Doctor against another force -- a mutated Gallifreyan mouse called a rovie -- that had infiltrated the TARDIS and was trying to kill the Doctor and his companions . The character of Shayde was voiced by Mark Donovan .   Category : Comics characters introduced in 1982  Category : Doctor Who comic strip characters  Category : Doctor Who audio characters

neg: The Twelfth Man The Twelfth Man ( also known as The 12th Man ) is the name for a series of comedy productions by Australian satirist Billy Birmingham . Birmingham , a skilled impersonator , is generally known for parodying Australian sports commentators ' voices . As befits the name ( a reference to the non-playing reserve in an eleven-player cricket side ) , Birmingham particularly focuses on cricket commentators such as Richie Benaud , Bill Lawry and Tony Greig . This is also because many of Australia 's cricket commentators have distinctive and easily identifiable voices and accents .   The parodies , released periodically on CD , are designed as a comical look `` behind the scenes '' of the Nine Network 's cricket commentary . Birmingham traditionally plays all the roles ( with the exception of Ken Sutcliffe , who played himself ; and some minor female characters , such as Richie Benaud 's secretary ) . Benaud himself sent a critique of each CD to Birmingham and was known to have a mixed opinion of the recordings , due predominantly to Birmingham 's use of profanity . All albums were produced and engineered by David Frogatt .   The 12th Man 's most popular song is `` Marvellous ! '' featuring all the main three commentators . It was first recorded as a single in 1991 , with backing vocals by Jimmy Barnes , John Farnham , Diesel and Glenn Shorrock among others . An updated version , with some of the commentators changed , was featured on Still the 12th Man . He has since released an updated version of the song entitled `` Marvellous 2006 '' on his latest album Boned ! . It can be heard at the 12th Man 's MySpace . In an article in the Sydney Morning Herald on 22 November 2009 , Birmingham announced that Boned ! would be his last studio album as The Twelfth Man .

neg: Shapeshifting In mythology , folklore and speculative fiction , shapeshifting ( or metamorphosis ) is the ability of a being or creature to completely transform its physical form or shape . This is usually achieved through an inherent ability of a mythological creature , divine intervention , or the use of magic .   The idea of shapeshifting is present in the oldest forms of totemism and shamanism , as well as the oldest extant literature and epic poems , including works such as the Epic of Gilgamesh and the Iliad , where the shapeshifting is usually induced by the act of a deity . The idea persisted through the Middle Ages , where the agency causing shapeshifting is usually a sorcerer or witch , and into the modern period . It remains a common trope in modern fantasy , children 's literature , and works of popular culture .   The most common form of shapeshifting myths is that of therianthropy , which is the transformation of a human being into an animal or conversely , of an animal into human form . Legends allow for transformations into plants and objects , and the assumption of another human countenance ( e.g. fair to ugly ) .

neg: Return of the Rocket Men Return of the Rocket Men is a Big Finish Productions audiobook based on the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who . In it , Peter Purves reprises his role as Steven Taylor . The Companion Chronicles `` talking books '' are each narrated by one of the Doctor 's companions and feature a second , guest-star voice along with music and sound effects .

neg: Tom Baker (English actor) Thomas Stewart `` Tom '' Baker ( born 20 January 1934 ) is an English actor . He is known for his portrayal of the fourth incarnation of the Doctor in the science fiction series Doctor Who from 1974 to 1981 , a longer tenure than any other actor , and for the narration of the comedy series Little Britain . Baker 's voice , which has been described as `` sonorous '' , was voted the fourth-most recognisable in the UK .   At the age of 15 Baker began study as a monk . However , he gradually lost his vocation and at 21 he left monastic life and undertook National Service in the Royal Army Medical Corps . On leaving the army , he joined the Merchant Navy and then became an actor , joining the Royal National Theatre Company under Laurence Olivier .   Baker was in his thirties when his professional acting career began , and his first major film role was as Grigori Rasputin in Nicholas and Alexandra in 1971 , when he was 37 . He went on to play the villainous Prince Koura in The Golden Voyage of Sinbad in 1973 , which led to his casting in Doctor Who . During his period as its star , the series was distinguished by high viewing figures and many stories which became regarded as classics . He remains one of the most instantly recognisable incarnations of the character . He continued to win regular roles in TV later in his career , most notably in the series Medics and Monarch of the Glen . In addition to performing acting roles , Baker has narrated commercials , video games , audiobooks and television series .   In a poll for the BBC Homes and Antiques magazine in January 2006 , Baker was voted the world 's fourth-most eccentric star . He was beaten by Björk , Chris Eubank and David Icke . Married three times , the second to Doctor Who co-star Lalla Ward , Baker has two sons from his first marriage .

neg: Twelfth Night (1988 film) Twelfth Night , or , What You Will is a videotaped 1988 television adaptation of Kenneth Branagh 's stage production for the Renaissance Theatre Company of William Shakespeare 's Twelfth Night first broadcast in the UK by ITV on 30 December 1988 . Made by Thames Television , in collaboration with Renaissance , it stars Frances Barber as Viola and Richard Briers as Malvolio . The recording was shot on a single set with the appearance of a wintry garden . The costumes are Victorian , and the time of year is Christmas .   Michael Brooke , in his piece for the BFI 's screenonline website , particularly commends Briers performance . His `` Malvolio is a delight , segueing seamlessly from self-righteous pomposity at inappropriate revelry to truly grotesque self-delusion as he proffers love to his mistress while clad in yellow stockings '' .

neg: Face of Boe The Face of Boe is a fictional character in the British science fiction television series Doctor Who . Not portrayed on-screen by an actor , the Face of Boe is a wholly mechanical effect , resembling a gigantic human-like head with a weathered face and in place of hair , numerous tendrils which terminate in round pod-like structures . Typically this is encased in a clear sealed container and mounted on a movable pedestal base . The Face merely grunted during his appearance in `` The End of the World '' , communicated telepathically in `` New Earth '' and `` Gridlock '' , and spoke for the first and last time in the latter , and was voiced by Struan Rodger . It is stated in `` New Earth '' that he is thought to be millions of years old ( billions , at least according to `` Gridlock '' ) ; however , when this was suggested to him , he responded with a leading question concerning the impossibility of such an age . It was suggested in `` Last of the Time Lords '' that the Face of Boe is a future Jack Harkness .

neg: List of non-televised Seventh Doctor stories In addition to the televised episodes of Doctor Who starring Sylvester McCoy , the Seventh Doctor has appeared in a number of spin-off media .

neg: From The Doctor to my son Thomas `` From The Doctor to my son Thomas '' is a viral video recorded by actor Peter Capaldi and sent to Thomas Goodall , an autistic nine-year-old boy in England , to console the child over grief from the death of Goodall 's grandmother . Capaldi filmed the 42-second video in character as the 12th incarnation of The Doctor in the BBC science-fiction series Doctor Who . Capaldi 's message had a positive effect on Thomas ; his father said that the boy smiled for the first time since learning of his grandmother 's death , and gained the courage to go to her funeral .   Thomas ' father Ross Goodall posted the video to YouTube on 6 November 2014 . He later explained to media that he wanted to make the video available to his family and had no idea it would become popular online . CNN reported that after its appearance on YouTube , the video was viewed over 200,000 times in its first 48 hours online . This more than doubled the next day , and less than a week later it had over 900,000 total views . BBC News observed that Capaldi 's message had become a viral video , and ITV News described response to the video as a global phenomenon .   The Guardian and The Daily Telegraph called the recording by Capaldi a touching video to a young child suffering from grief . CNN and MTV characterised the video similarly , as did Spanish and Dutch media . The Independent wrote that Capaldi displayed a kinder face of his personality by sending the message . BT commented it was Capaldi 's best contribution as the character of the Doctor to date . The video had a positive impact on those with mental health problems . Autism Daily Newscast reported favourably on the Doctor 's actions . The Hollywood Reporter observed that as his character the Doctor , Capaldi was using his role to support mental health . Hollywood Life said their reporters were moved to tears after watching Capaldi 's video . Peter Harness , writer of the episode `` Kill the Moon '' , said that Capaldi 's video was his favourite highlight from ten years of Doctor Who .

neg: Chris Cwej Christopher Rodonanté Cwej , usually just known as Chris Cwej , is a fictional character from the Virgin New Adventures range of spin-offs based on the BBC science fiction television series Doctor Who . His surname should technically be pronounced `` Shvay '' , but he pronounces it `` Kwedge '' rather than keep correcting people .   His first appearance was in the novel Original Sin by Andy Lane , with his adjudicator partner Roz Forrester . Adjudicators are the police force of 30th century Earth , which was at that time divided into the Overcity and the Undercity . Chris was born in 2954 to a family who lived in the lower levels of the Overcity . Chris 's father , Volsted Kornbluth Cwej , was also an adjudicator . Chris 's father was fairly old when Chris was born , having retired from the Adjudicators the previous year , 2953 , after 48 years of service , and he is well over 70 years old when the young Chris meets the Doctor .   Chris 's grandfather died when Chris was only five , and Chris cried when he saw his grandfather being put into a coffin . A more distant ancestor , possibly a great grandfather was Nathaniel Cwej . Even further back , there was a Cwej involved with the founding of the Adjudicators , and the family have had a long association with the Adjudicators ever since . Chris 's accent sounds American , although his home would once have been considered a part of England , and his surname may have a Germanic/Saxon derivation .   Chris is tall , blonde and muscular , and when he first met the Seventh Doctor and Bernice , he had had a `` body bepple '' ( bodily alteration ) which made him look like a teddy bear .   He and Roz were investigating a murder case in Undercity in the year 2975 when they encountered the Doctor and Bernice . They helped the Doctor defeat his old enemy Tobias Vaughn , who had been manipulating human advancement since the 20th century . Having realise the extent of corruption in the Earth Empire and the Adjudicators , Chris and Roz chose to leave in the TARDIS .   Chris and Roz travelled with the Doctor for many adventures . In this eventful period , Chris fathered two daughters : Jasmine Surprise Cwej-Hutchings with Ishtar Hutchings , and iKrissi with Dep of the People . After Roz 's death in battle , Chris continued to travel with the Doctor for a short time , but the event had a profound effect on him . During the events of Eternity Weeps , the Doctor 's former companion Liz Shaw contracted a deadly virus and begged Chris to kill her , however he was unable to do it . This and the subsequent death of millions of people from the virus caused Chris to question himself and first consider quitting the TARDIS . It took the apparent death of the Doctor in Japan to make him put aside his doubts and help protect the people of the local village from the local warlord , who wanted an alien device in their possession . The Doctor and Chris then travelled to the Doctor 's home planet of Gallifrey , where the Doctor faced members of his House and many dark secrets were revealed . After this , Chris decided to travel alone using a time ring given to him by Romana .   The book which depicts Chris 's sexual encounter with a gay man , Damaged Goods , was written by future executive producer of the series Russell T Davies , whose works often include gay themes . Much like Davies ' later introduction to the series proper , Jack Harkness , Cwej opines that sexuality is not an issue where he comes from .

neg: The Second Doctor Boxset The Second Doctor Boxset is a Big Finish Productions audio drama set based on the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who . These stories are in the Companion Chronicles format , a `` talking book '' narrated by the Doctor 's companions ( albeit not in character ) with guest stars ' voices , music and sound effects .

neg: List of Doctor Who vehicles This is a list of fictional vehicles in the Doctor Who media franchise .

neg: Emperor of the Daleks Emperor of the Daleks was a black-and-white comic strip based on the television series Doctor Who . It ran primarily in the pages of Doctor Who Magazine , written by John Freeman and novelist and future television series writer Paul Cornell . The story used elements of previous television continuity , as well as the continuity used by the comic strip , reviving popular characters such as `` Dalek Killer '' Abslom Daak and the Star Tigers . It also attempted to bridge the gap between Revelation of the Daleks and Remembrance of the Daleks .

neg: History of UNIT UNIT ( UNified Intelligence Taskforce , formerly United Nations Intelligence Taskforce ) is a fictional military organisation from the British science fiction television series Doctor Who . Operating under the auspices of the United Nations , its purpose is to investigate and combat paranormal and extraterrestrial threats to the Earth .   As is common in long-running series whose back-stories are not mapped out in advance , and which are also the product of many different writers over the course of years , the fictional history of UNIT has seen retroactive changes which have caused some continuity problems .

neg: Doctor Strange Stephen Vincent Strange , M.D. is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Created by artist Steve Ditko and writer Stan Lee , the character first appeared in Strange Tales # 110 ( cover-dated July 1963 ) . Doctor Strange serves as the Sorcerer Supreme , the primary protector of Earth against magical and mystical threats . Inspired by stories of black magic and Chandu the Magician , Strange was created during the Silver Age of Comics to bring a different kind of character and themes of mysticism to Marvel Comics .   The character 's origin story relates that he was once a brilliant but egotistical surgeon . After a car accident severely damages his hands and hinders his ability to perform surgery , he searches the globe for a way to repair them and encounters the Ancient One . After becoming one of the old Sorcerer Supreme 's students , he becomes a practitioner of both the mystical arts as well as martial arts . Along with knowing many powerful spells , he has a costume with two mystical objects -- the Cloak of Levitation and Eye of Agamotto -- which give him added powers . Strange is aided along the way by his friend and valet , Wong , and a large assortment of mystical objects . He takes up residence in a mansion called the Sanctum Sanctorum , located in New York City . Later , Strange takes the title of Sorcerer Supreme .   In 2008 , Doctor Strange was ranked 83rd in Wizards `` 200 Greatest Comic Book Characters of All Time '' list , and in 2012 was ranked 33rd in IGN 's list of `` The Top 50 Avengers '' . He was also ranked 38th on IGN 's list of `` Top 100 Comic Book Heroes '' . The character was first portrayed in live-action by Peter Hooten in the 1978 television film Dr. Strange . Benedict Cumberbatch stars as the character in the Marvel Cinematic Universe , first appearing in the role in the 2016 film Doctor Strange .

neg: Biostasis Biostasis is the ability of an organism to tolerate environmental changes without having to actively adapt to them . Biostasis is found in organisms that live in habitats that likely encounter unfavorable living conditions , such as drought , freezing temperatures , change in pH levels , pressure , or temperature . Insects undergo a type of dormancy to survive these conditions , called diapause . Diapause may be obligatory for these insects to survive . The insect may also be able to undergo change prior to the arrival of the initiating event .   Biostasis is also used as a synonym for the terms cryostasis or cryonics . Cryonics is a medical procedure concept that is a well established trope in Science Fiction , that may at some point in the future become a possible option for individuals who are terminally ill . The patients would be frozen in what is known as cryonic suspension . The patients are suspended so that when technology advances both to enable them to be unfrozen and brought back to life but also for their illness to be treated , they can be re-animated and their disease can be cured or treated , accordingly .   Medical biostasis can be put to use in humans to help repair brain damage .   There is evidence that suggests , in the next decade medical biostasis procedures can be performed by trauma surgeons by 2026 .


query: The second season of the American television show Outlander (TV series) has 13 episodes.

pos: Outlander (TV series) Outlander is a British-American television drama series based on the historical time travel Outlander series of novels by Diana Gabaldon . Developed by Ronald D. Moore and produced by Sony Pictures Television and Left Bank Pictures for Starz , the show premiered on August 9 , 2014 . It stars Caitriona Balfe as Claire Randall , a married World War II nurse who in 1945 finds herself transported back to the Scotland of 1743 , where she encounters the dashing Highland warrior Jamie Fraser ( Sam Heughan ) and becomes embroiled in the Jacobite risings .   The second season of 13 episodes , based on Dragonfly in Amber , premiered on April 9 , 2016 . On June 1 , 2016 , Starz renewed the series for a third and fourth season , which will adapt the third and fourth Outlander novels , Voyager and Drums of Autumn . The 13-episode third season is scheduled to premiere in September 2017 .

neg: Episode II Episode II , Episode 2 or Episode Two may refer to :   Episode II ( album ) , an album by Safri Duo  Episode II ( EP ) , an EP by Eiffel 65  `` Episode 2 '' ( song ) , a song by Dragon Ash  `` Episode 2 '' ( Ashes to Ashes ) , an episode of Ashes to Ashes  `` Series 1 : Episode 2 '' ( Life on Mars ) , an episode of Life on Mars  `` Episode 2 '' ( Twin Peaks ) , an episode of Twin Peaks  Episode 2 ( The Casual Vacancy ) , ( 2015 ) , the second episode of the TV miniseries The Casual Vacancy  Half-Life 2 : Episode Two , a computer game sequel  Star Wars : Episode II -- Attack of the Clones , a 2002 film

neg: The Exes (season 2) The second season of the TV Land 's original sitcom The Exes premiered on June 20 , 2012 . A total of 12 episodes were produced for the second season . The series stars Donald Faison , Wayne Knight , Kristen Johnston , David Alan Basche and Kelly Stables .

neg: Fringe (season 2) The second season of the American science fiction television series Fringe commenced airing on the Fox network on September 17 , 2009 , and concluded on May 20 , 2010 . The season was produced by Bad Robot Productions in association with Warner Bros. . Television , and its showrunners were Jeff Pinkner and J.H. Wyman . Actors Anna Torv , John Noble , and Joshua Jackson reprised their roles as FBI agent Olivia Dunham and father-son duo Walter and Peter Bishop , respectively . Previous series regulars Lance Reddick , Jasika Nicole , Blair Brown , and Kirk Acevedo also returned , though with Acevedo in a limited capacity .   The season followed the continuation of a war between two universes , the prime and the parallel . It was set in the former , until the last several episodes when Peter Bishop ( Jackson ) journeyed back to the parallel universe after being lured there by his real father , `` Walternate '' ( Noble ) . While co-creator J.J. Abrams described the first season as `` identifying that there is an enemy '' , he referred to season two as `` getting to know the enemy '' as it `` build -LSB- s -RSB- to a very specific type of confrontation '' between the two universes . The writers focused on their characters ' development , in particular making them more comfortable with each other while solving cases for Fringe Division . By inventing the `` mythalone '' style of episode , the producers sought to create the perfect episode that mixed standalone episode qualities for casual viewers with the further development of the series ' mythology for regular viewers .   In a departure from the previous season , the second season aired in a new competitive timeslot at 9:00 pm on Thursdays . It contained 22 episodes , plus an unaired episode that was produced during the first season ; `` Unearthed '' aired as a special as episode 11 of season two , days prior to `` Johari Window '' , the first new episode of 2010 . Also part of the season was the series ' only musical episode , `` Brown Betty '' , which was produced at the request of the network . The season finale , `` Over There '' , fully introduced the parallel universe and laid the groundwork for the third season .   Fringe ended its second season with a per episode average of 6.252 million total viewers and a 2.3 ratings share in the 18 -- 49 demographic . The season was generally well-received by critics , though most agreed that the second half was a considerable improvement over the first . The series was chosen for a number of 2010 `` best of television '' lists , including The New York Times , the Seattle Post-Intelligencer , and Entertainment Weekly . Despite its critical acclaim , Fringe failed to earn any major category nominations at the 62nd Primetime Emmy Awards , but did receive nominations at the Creative Arts Emmy Awards , Golden Reel Awards , and Satellite Awards ; at the Saturn Awards , Torv and guest actor Leonard Nimoy won in their respective categories . The second season was released on DVD and Blu-ray in region 1 on September 14 , 2010 , in region 2 on September 27 , and in region 4 on November 10 .

neg: Sleepy Hollow (season 2) The second season of the Fox television series Sleepy Hollow premiered on September 22 , 2014 , and concluded February 24 , 2015 , consisting of 18 episodes .

neg: The Secret of Eel Island Living It is a Channel Five drama series , that revolves around the secret of Eel Island , The first series contained twelve episodes and the second series thirteen episodes .

neg: Supernatural (season 2) The second season of Supernatural , an American fantasy horror television series created by Eric Kripke , premiered on September 28 , 2006 , and concluded on May 17 , 2007 , airing 22 episodes . The season focuses on protagonists Sam ( Jared Padalecki ) and Dean Winchester ( Jensen Ackles ) as they track down Azazel , the demon responsible for the deaths of their mother Mary and father John . They attempt to discover the demon 's plan for Sam and other psychic children -- young adults who were visited by Azazel as infants and given abilities , and whose mothers often then died in a fire . During their travels , they use their father 's journal to help them carry on the family business -- saving people and hunting supernatural creatures .   The season aired on Thursdays at 9:00 pm ET in the United States , and was the first season to air on The CW television network , a joint venture of The WB and UPN . The previous season was broadcast on The WB . It averaged only about 3.14 million American viewers , and was in danger of not being renewed . The cast and crew garnered many award nominations , but the episodes received mixed reviews from critics . While both the brotherly chemistry between the lead actors and the decision to finish the main storyline were praised , the formulaic structure of the episodes was criticized .   The season was internationally syndicated , airing in the United Kingdom on ITV , in Canada on Citytv and SPACE , and in Australia on Network Ten . It was released on DVD as a six-disc box set September 11 , 2007 , by Warner Home Video in Region 1 . Although the season was split into two separate releases in Region 2 , the complete set was released October 29 , 2007 , and in Region 4 October 3 , 2007 . The episodes are also available through digital retailers such as Apple 's iTunes Store , Microsoft 's Xbox Live Marketplace , and Amazon.com 's on-demand TV service .

neg: Dallas (1978 TV series) (season 13) The thirteenth season of the television series Dallas aired on during the 1989-1990 TV season .

neg: The Practice (1985 TV series) The Practice was a 1985 British television soap opera produced for ITV by Granada Television , which aired for two series in 1985 and 1986 . The series was first introduced as a twice-weekly medical drama in January 1985 , becoming Granada 's second regular networked soap opera along with Coronation Street , with the idea being that its hard-hitting storylines would be a competitor with the BBC 's EastEnders which started airing the following month . The Practice was set in a GP 's surgery in the fictional Manchester suburb of Castlehulme and had an initial run of 34 episodes airing for 30 minutes in an early evening slot on Friday and Sunday evenings throughout the Winter and Spring of 1985 . However , the series did not perform as well as had been hoped and it disappeared from screens in May 1985 . It returned for a second run of 13 one-hour episodes between May and August 1986 , this time airing in a 9pm slot on Friday evenings . After series two ended no further episodes were made .

neg: The Secret Life of the American Teenager (season 2) The second season of The Secret Life of the American Teenager , an American television series created by Brenda Hampton , debuted on the ABC Family television network on Monday , June 22 , 2009 at 8:00 PM . Season two regular cast members include Shailene Woodley , India Eisley , Daren Kagasoff , Francia Raisa , Kenny Baumann , Molly Ringwald , Mark Derwin , Megan Park , and Greg Finley II . Following the first season , Jorge Pallo and Luke Zimmerman were demoted to recurring guest stars . Jorge returned for a select number of episodes to wrap up his character 's storyline and eventually departed the series after its January return .   Following the success of its first season , ABC Family announced on January 31 , 2009 , plans to renew Secret Life , following the cancellation of its hit sci-fi TV show , Kyle XY . The official press release was released on February 9 with ABC Family ordering 24 episodes for season two . Season 2 began with 12 episodes broadcast starting June 22 , 2009 . Though marketed as the season finale , the mid season finale aired on September 7 , 2009 , with the second half of the season returning on January 4 , 2010 . The second 12 episodes finished their run on March 22 , 2010 .   The season premiere of Secret Life brought in the largest audience for the show so far , with a record breaking 4.68 million viewers . It brought in the second largest audience in adults 18-34 with 1.40 million viewers , behind season one 's mid-season finale . 2.10 million adults 18-49 watched `` The Big One '' along with 1.60 million females between the ages 18 -- 34 . The season premiere remains the number one scripted original premiere of Summer 2009 in Adults 18-34 . Furthermore , the mid-season premiere became ABC Family 's most watched telecast of all time with viewers ages 12 -- 34 with more than three million viewers watching . The mid-season premiere also brought in the show 's second largest audience in total viewers , with more than 4.55 million people watching .   This season , Amy Juergens must deal with juggling motherhood and high school , while her family and friends experience relationship challenges of their own .

neg: List of Wayward Pines episodes Wayward Pines is an American television series based on the Wayward Pines novels by Blake Crouch . Developed for television by Chad Hodge , the pilot was directed by M. Night Shyamalan , with both as executive producers . The series premiered on Fox on May 14 , 2015 .   On December 9 , 2015 , Fox renewed the series for a second season , which premiered on May 25 , 2016 .

neg: The Thirteenth Tale (film) The Thirteenth Tale is a British drama television film that first broadcast on BBC Two on 30 December 2013 . It is an adaptation of Diane Setterfield 's gothic novel The Thirteenth Tale .

neg: Hell on Wheels (season 2) The second season of the AMC western-drama television series Hell on Wheels premiered on August 12 , 2012 and concluded on October 7 , 2012 . The series was created and produced by Joe and Tony Gayton who wrote and co-wrote two episodes . They also serve as the show 's showrunners . In addition to the Gaytons , Jeremy Gold , John Shiban , and David Von Ancken also serve as series executive producers .   The season follows Cullen Bohannon , who joined a group of Rebel bandits robbing trains and planning to start a new Confederate colony in Mexico . While attacking Thomas Durant 's payroll train , Cullen is captured by authorities and sentenced to death , but Durant intervenes with a pardon on the condition that Cullen returns to Hell on Wheels to help oversee railroad construction .   The second season was met with favorable reviews from critics with the premiered watched by just over 2.5 million viewers . The numbers were down significantly from the first season 's premiere and finale .

neg: Claire Fraser (character) Claire Fraser is a fictional character in the Outlander series of multi-genre novels by American author Diana Gabaldon , and its television adaptation . In the series , Claire is a married World War II nurse visiting Scotland who finds herself transported from 1945 back to 1743 . There she finds adventure , war and romance with the dashing Highland warrior Jamie Fraser . Smart , stubborn and willful , Claire uses her wits , practical medical skills and knowledge of the future to survive in the 18th century .   Claire is portrayed by Irish actress Caitriona Balfe in the Starz television series Outlander . Balfe won a Saturn Award for Best Actress on Television in 2015 and 2016 , and a People 's Choice Award for Favorite Sci-Fi/Fantasy TV Actress in 2016 . She also received nominations for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress -- Television Series Drama in 2015 and 2016 .

neg: The Big Bang Theory (season 2) The second season of the American sitcom The Big Bang Theory was originally aired on CBS from September 22 , 2008 , to May 11 , 2009 , over 23 episodes . The Complete Season DVD was released September 15 , 2009 , and a Blu-ray version was reissued on July 10 , 2012 , with remastered surround sound audio , whereas the DVD version only had stereo . Season two starts immediately after the end of season one with Leonard and Penny 's date .   Jim Parsons submitted the episode `` The Bath Item Gift Hypothesis '' for consideration due to his nomination for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series at the 61st Primetime Emmy Awards . In 2009 , TV Guide ranked the episode the # 60 on its list of the 100 Greatest Episodes . Christine Baranski submitted the episode `` The Maternal Capacitance '' for consideration due to her nomination for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series at the 61st Primetime Emmy Awards .

neg: Private Practice (season 2) The second season of Private Practice premiered on October 1 , 2008 and concluded on April 30 , 2009 . The season consisted of 22 episodes .

neg: Survivor: The Australian Outback Survivor : The Australian Outback ( also referred to as Survivor : Australia in later seasons ) is the second season of the American CBS competitive reality television series Survivor . Filming took place at Goshen Station in northern Queensland from October 23 , 2000 , through December 3 , 2000 , eventually premiering on January 28 , 2001 . Hosted by Jeff Probst , it consisted of 42 days of gameplay with 16 competitors . The location used was within a three-hour drive of the coastal city of Cairns and located in a wet , tropical area .   The sixteen contestants were initially separated into two tribes , named Kucha and Ogakor . When ten players remained , they merged into one tribe , named Barramundi . Tina Wesson won the season and was named the Sole Survivor , defeating Colby Donaldson by a jury vote of 4 -- 3 .   It was the top-rated show of 2001 , according to Nielsen Ratings with an average of 30 million viewers tuning each week . The entire season was released in DVD format on April 26 , 2005 .

neg: Beirut Is Back `` Beirut Is Back '' is the second episode of the second season of the American television drama series Homeland , and the 14th episode overall . It originally aired on Showtime on October 7 , 2012 .

neg: The Clock (The Americans) `` The Clock '' is the second episode of the first season of the period drama television series The Americans . It originally aired on FX in the United States on February 6 , 2013 .

neg: Arrow (season 2) The second season of the American television series Arrow premiered on The CW on October 10 , 2013 and concluded on May 14 , 2014 with a total of 23 episodes . The series is based on the DC Comics character Green Arrow , a costumed crime-fighter created by Mort Weisinger and George Papp . The showrunners for this season were Greg Berlanti , Marc Guggenheim and Andrew Kreisberg . This season introduces characters from The Flash , which was being developed as a potential spin-off at the time .

neg: Packed to the Rafters (season 2) The second season of Packed to the Rafters , an Australian drama television series , began airing on 30 June 2009 on the Seven Network . The season concluded on 24 November 2009 after 22 episodes . The second season aired Tuesdays at 8:30 pm in Australia and averaged 1,881,000 viewers . The season was released on DVD as a six disc set under the title of Packed to the Rafters : The Complete Season 2 '' on 3 November 2010 .   The second season follows Julie and Dave Rafter through comic highs and soul-searching lows as they prepare for the unplanned but no-less welcome addition to their family of their new baby . We also explore the heart warming arrival into the Rafters world of Dave 's birth mother Chel , opening in the process the door to further family revelations . We follow the tumultuous upheavals in the lives of all three Rafter children . Rachel embarks on a promising if-at-first feisty relationship with the cute young electrician who 's begun working with her dad . Ben continues his determined pursuit of housemate Melissa 's hand in marriage . Nathan , in seeking new career challenges in the music business , struggles to resist strong temptations that may well signal the end of his young marriage .