query: Lonesome Dove is a work.

pos: Lonesome Dove (miniseries) Lonesome Dove is an American epic Western adventure television miniseries directed by Simon Wincer . It is a four-part adaptation of the 1985 novel of the same name by Larry McMurtry and is the first installment in the Lonesome Dove series . The series stars Robert Duvall and Tommy Lee Jones . The series was originally broadcast by CBS from February 5 to 8 , 1989 , drawing a huge viewing audience , earning numerous awards , and reviving both the television western and the miniseries .   An estimated 26 million homes tuned in to watch Lonesome Dove , unusually high numbers for a Western at that time . The western genre was considered dead by most people , as was the miniseries . By the show 's end , it had earned huge ratings and virtually revamped the entire 1989 -- 1990 television season . A favorite with audiences , as well as critics , Lonesome Dove garnered many honors and awards . At the 1989 Emmy Awards , the miniseries had 18 nominations and seven wins , including one for director Simon Wincer . Lonesome Dove also won two Golden Globes , for Best Miniseries and Best Actor in a Miniseries ( Robert Duvall ) .

neg: William Kidd (composer) William `` Bill '' Kidd is an American musician , conductor , composer , and orchestrator . He has worked on many television shows and feature films , including Lois & Clark : The New Adventures of Superman , Left Behind , and Return to Lonesome Dove .   Kidd 's work is also featured on the official soundtrack album of the theme park Islands of Adventure .

neg: Dove Across the Water Dove Across The Water is a folk album by Ossian recorded and released in 1982 . The original LP release was on Iona Records ( catalogue number IONA IR0004 ) , with at least one rerelease on CD currently unavailable .   The album was recorded at Castle Sound Studios , Pencaitland , East Lothian , Scotland during April 1982 , was produced by Ossian and engineered by Calum Malcolm .   The `` Dove Across The Water '' sequence is a rearranged and rerecorded version of music created for the film `` Iona ... Dove Across The Water '' produced for Films Of Scotland by Mike Alexander in 1982 .

neg: Strange fits of passion have I known `` Strange fits of passion have I known '' is a seven-stanza poem ballad by the English Romantic poet William Wordsworth . Composed during a sojourn in Germany in 1798 , the poem was first published in the second edition of Lyrical Ballads ( 1800 ) . The poem describes the poet 's trip to his beloved Lucy 's cottage , and his thoughts on the way . Each of its seven stanzas is four lines long and has a rhyming scheme of a-b-a-b . The poem is written in iambic tetrameter and iambic trimeter .   In the poem , the speaker narrates a nighttime ride to the cottage of his beloved Lucy , who always looks as `` fresh as a rose in June '' . The speaker begins by saying that he has experienced `` strange fits of passion '' and will recount them only to another lover ( `` in the Lover 's ear alone , / What once to me befell . '' ) . In the five following stanzas , he recounts how he wended his way on horseback `` beneath an evening-moon '' . He crossed a lea , passed through an orchard , and began to climb a hill , atop which was Lucy 's cottage . As he `` came near , and nearer still '' to `` Lucy 's cot '' , the sinking moon appeared to follow suit . As he closely approaches the cottage , the moon vanishes from sight behind the roof . A morbid thought rises unbidden to the speaker 's mind : `` O mercy ! '' he thinks . `` If Lucy should be dead ! ''   `` Strange fits of passion have I known '' is simple in form but complex in content . The dramatic first stanza ( the speaker `` will dare to tell '' of his `` strange fits of passion , '' but `` in the Lover 's ear alone '' ) quickly captivates the reader . Wordsworth then creates tension by juxtaposing the sinking moon and the approaching rider , the familiar landscape with the speaker 's strange , dreamy feelings .   It is uncertain whether the Lucy of the poem was based on a historical person or was a creation of Wordsworth 's fertile imagination . If she is real , her surname and identity are unknown , though they have been the subject of much `` diligent speculation '' in literary circles . `` The one certainty is that she is not the girl of Wordsworth 's Lucy Gray . ''   An earlier version of this poem ended with an extra verse :   I told her this : her laughter light  Is ringing in my ears :  And when I think upon that night  My eyes are dim with tears .

neg: High Lonesome Sound High Lonesome Sound is the seventh studio album from American country music artist Vince Gill . It was released in 1996 on MCA Nashville . It features the singles `` High Lonesome Sound , '' `` Worlds Apart , '' `` Pretty Little Adrianna , `` A Little More Love '' and `` You and You Alone . '' Two versions of the title track are included . The one at the end of the album was recorded in a more bluegrass orchestration , backed by Alison Krauss & Union Station .

neg: Mary Rice Hopkins Mary Rice Hopkins is an American Christian musician who has written hundreds of songs for children and adults . She currently lives in Southern California .   Hopkins has been in the music ministry for over 30 years and has over twenty albums . She was influenced musically by her parents and brothers . Her brothers originated the country-gospel band Brush Arbor , which won the Academy of Country Music award for Vocal Group of the Year in 1974 . With Wendy Hofheimer , she recorded three albums as `` Wendy & Mary '' for Sparrow Records .   Hopkins has also written several children 's books , as well as curriculum books that accompany her albums . Her distributor is Big Steps 4 U . According to her web site , she uses her music and ministry to share God 's love and spread the good news of the gospel of Jesus Christ . In 1997 , she received a lifetime achievement award from Point Loma Nazarene University , where she studied communications and Christian education .   In 2005 , Hopkins teamed up with puppeteer Darcie Maze . Together they travel the country doing concerts . They also have a television show on the TBN network and the Smile of a Child network entitled , Mary Rice Hopkins and Puppets with a Heart . The episodes incorporate the use of puppetry , music , and Scripture to speak to children about relevant life issues . A DVD that contains two of the show 's episodes has received the Dove Foundation Seal of Approval and the show itself received a Parent 's Television Council Seal of Approval .

neg: So Doggone Lonesome `` So Doggone Lonesome '' is a song written by country singer Johnny Cash . He and his band ( The Tennessee Two ) recorded the song in a studio session at Sun Records studios at 706 Union Avenue in Memphis , Tennessee ; the session took place on July 30 , 1955 , when the trio also recorded `` Luther Played The Boogie '' ( a homage to the group 's lead guitarist , Luther Perkins ) and `` Mean Eyed Cat '' , the latter of which Cash reprised on his Unchained album for Rick Rubin 's American Recordings .   Cash was a great admirer of Ernest Tubb , and wrote `` So Doggone Lonesome '' with him in mind . Many of Cash 's self-penned recordings were written with a certain artist in mind , including `` Get Rhythm '' , originally written for Elvis Presley .   Legend has it that Tubb heard `` So Doggone Lonesome '' on the radio , which inspired him to record his own version of the song . It is certainly a fact that Tubb did record `` So Doggone Lonesome '' and performed it on the Grand Ole Opry , but the real inspiration for his decision to do so is unclear . Additionally , Cash is reported to have said he only believed he had truly `` made it '' as an artist when he heard Tubb singing one of his songs .

neg: Sarah Bird Sarah Bird is an American novelist , screenwriter , and journalist . She was born in 1949 in Ann Arbor , Michigan . Her father was an officer in the US Air Force , and her family ( a `` Catholic family of eight '' ) , including her mother , Colista Bird , travelled with him around the US and the world during her childhood . Sarah 's mother recognized signs of her daughter 's creative storytelling talent as young as kindergarten .   She attended the University of New Mexico , earning a BA there in 1973 . Moving to the University of Texas at Austin , she went on to receive an MA in journalism there in 1976 . She is married to George Jones , and has one son , Gabriel Bird-Jones , born in 1989 . The family lives in Austin , Texas .   During the mid-eighties , Bird was a founding contributing-editor to Austin 's Third Coast Magazine , for which she wrote numerous feature and humor articles .   Bird 's first published novel was Do Evil Cheerfully , a mystery ( as Sarah McCabe Bird ) .   In 1986 , her comic novel Alamo House was published based on her experience as a graduate student at the University of Texas .   Bird wrote the screenplay for the movie Do n't Tell Her It 's Me ( 1990 , starring Shelley Long and Steve Guttenberg ) , adapting the Boyfriend School novel .   The Boyfriend School and The Mommy Club , published by Ballantine in 1989 and 1991 , respectively , were both humorous novels drawing on Bird 's life experiences . In addition to novels , Bird has written screenplays for television and magazine articles for national women 's magazines . She writes a column for Texas Monthly . Virgin of the Rodeo was published in 1999 .   Bird was named Austin 's best author in 2001 by the Austin Chronicle , the year she also published The Yokota Officers Club , a novel that draws on her experiences as military brat . She has also written screenplays for the National Geographic Channel and Hallmark , as well as the CBS movie Yesterday 's Children .   Another novel , The Flamenco Academy , came out in 2006 . A new novel , How Perfect Is That , was published by Knopf in June 2008 .

neg: When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd (Hindemith) When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom 'd : A Requiem for those we love is a 1946 composition by composer Paul Hindemith , based on the poem of the same name by Walt Whitman . Conductor Robert Shaw and the Robert Shaw Chorale commissioned the work after the 1945 death of President Franklin D. Roosevelt . It received its world premiere on May 14 , 1946 at New York City Center , with the Collegiate Chorale conducted by Shaw and soloists Mona Paulee , contralto , and George Burnson , baritone .   David Neumeyer and others regard the Lilacs Requiem as Hindemith 's `` only profoundly American work . '' Paul Hume said , `` I doubt if we shall ever mourn Abraham Lincoln 's untimely death more eloquently than in the words of Walt Whitman set to the music of Paul Hindemith ; it is a work of genius and the presence of the genius presiding over its performance brought us splendor and profound and moving glory . ''   The work is scored for mezzo-soprano and baritone soloists , SATB chorus , and full orchestra . After an unnumbered orchestral introduction , the text of the poem is divided into 11 movements :   When lilacs last in the dooryard bloom 'd ( baritone and chorus )  Arioso . In the swamp ( mezzo-soprano )  March . Over the breast of spring  O western orb ( baritone and chorus )  Arioso . Sing on , there in the swamp  Song . O how shall I warble  Introduction and Fugue . Lo ! body and soul  Sing on ! you gray-brown bird  Death Carol . Come , lovely and soothing Death ( chorus )  To the tally of my soul  Finale . Passing the visions ( mezzo-soprano , baritone , and chorus )   The work is scored for mezzo-soprano and baritone soloists , mixed choir , and an orchestra of 2 flutes ( one doubling piccolo ) , 2 oboes ( one doubling cor anglais ) , clarinet , bass clarinet , 2 bassoons ( one doubling contrabassoon ) , 3 horns , 2 trumpets , off-stage bugle , 2 trombones , tuba , timpani , cymbals , glockenspiel , chimes , tam-tam , triangle , snare drum , bass drum , field drum , organ , and strings ( First & second violins , violas , cellos , and double basses ) .

neg: John Dove John Dove ( − 1664/5 ) was a parliamentary politician during the English Civil War and Interregnum . He has sometimes been numbered amongst the regicides ; however , although he sat as a Commissioner in the trial of Charles I at the Painted Chamber of the Palace of Westminster on the 12th , 13th , 19th , and 26 January ( the last being the day that the sentence was agreed ) , Dove took no other part in the trial of Charles , did not sign the death warrant , and he was not punished at the Restoration .   Little is known about Dove 's background , although his father , Henry , had been Mayor of Salisbury , Wiltshire in 1616 . John was also a landowner and active in local politics , serving as Mayor of Salisbury in 1635 . He and his brother Francis ( Mayor of Salisbury in 1645 and 1650 ) were zealous parliamentarians , serving on a number of county committees from 1644 , and he was elected to the Long Parliament for Salisbury in 1645 in the place of an ejected Royalist . He was made a colonel of the Wiltshire militia in 1650 and was commended in August 1651 by the Council of State for his zeal .   Dove 's influence within the county and at Westminster enabled him to acquire a considerable fortune , with which he was able to purchase sequestered royalist and episcopal estates at Fountell in Hampshire , Blewbury in Berkshire , and Winterbourne Earls in Wiltshire . In 1655 , whilst serving as Sheriff of Wiltshire , he was captured at Salisbury during the Penruddock uprising , narrowly escaping being hanged thanks to the intervention of some of the rebels . This clemency did not prevent Dove from having John Lucas , one of his saviours , executed . Another rebel , Hugh Grove , who was executed at Exeter , accused Dove of having given false witness against him . Grove 's estate at Chisenbury Priory , near Enford , had been sequestered in 1650 and granted to Dove .   On 29 March 1655 , Dove wrote to Secretary Thurloe that he had heard there was to be a commission of oyer and terminer for the trial of `` rebels '' ( Royalists captured during and after the Penruddock uprising ) in the west of England . He promised that there should be no juror chosen for either jury who could not be depended upon to be well disposed to the government of the day and recommended Thurloe to proceed capitally against the `` chief actors that were commissionated , as they said , by Charles Stuart '' .   Dove was removed from the Salisbury corporation under its new charter of 1656 , but was restored in 1659 , when he also resumed his seat in the Rump Parliament . At the Restoration he made an abject submission and escaped punishment . He continued to act as an alderman in Salisbury until 1662 , when he was removed by the Corporation Act . He retired to his estate at Ivychurch , near Alderbury , where he died some time before March 1665 .

neg: Rita Dove: An American Poet Rita Dove : An American Poet is a documentary film produced , directed and edited by Eduardo Montes-Bradley . It is a biographical sketch of U.S. Poet Laureate and National Medal of Arts winner Rita Dove . The film explores the poet 's life beyond the otherwise extensive and readily available information in Internet and Social Media , exposing fundamental facts of Dove 's childhood and formative years growing up in Akron , Ohio in the 1950s and during the turbulent 1960s .   The film , distributed by Filmakers Library and Alexander Street Press , USA , premiered at The Paramount , on January 31 , 2014 , presented as a Martin Luther King Day headliner by the Office for Diversity and Equity , Lifetime Learning , Alumni and Parent Engagement and the Department of English , College of Arts and Sciences at the University of Virginia . Opening remarks honoring Rita Dove by Boyd Tinsley . Rita Dove : An American Poet was shot in digital format , HD .

neg: No News `` No News '' is a song performed by American country music band Lonestar . It was released in January 1996 as the second single from their debut album , Lonestar . `` No News '' reached the top of the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart in April 1996 ( see 1996 in country music ) , giving the group its first number-one single . It was written by Phil Barnhart , Sam Hogin , and Mark D. Sanders .

neg: Gibson Dove The Gibson Dove is a flattop steel-string acoustic guitar made by the Gibson Guitar Corporation .

neg: Duets (Linda Ronstadt album) Duets is a compilation album by Linda Ronstadt . It was released on the Rhino Records label in April 2014 , a few days before Ronstadt 's induction into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame .   The album peaked at number 32 on the Billboard album chart - Ronstadt 's highest charting album in 24 years . The songs on the album were all previously released with the exception of `` Pretty Bird '' . In his review for AllMusic critic Stephen Thomas Erlewine states that `` generally , this Duets emphasizes the sweeter , softer , and slower side of Ronstadt , a move that makes for pleasant listening '' .   As of December , 2016 , this release had sold a total of 81,316 copies per Nielsen SoundScan .

neg: Sonata Mulattica Sonata Mulattica : A Life in Five Movements and a Short Play is a collection of poems by U.S. poet laureate Rita Dove , published in 2009 , about the life of George Bridgetower . Bridgetower was a biracial ( Afro-Caribbean , Polish , German ) musician who was friends with Beethoven . Beethoven 's Kreutzer Sonata was originally dedicated to Bridgetower , and was originally entitled `` Sonata mulattica composta per il mulatto Brischdauer -LSB- Bridgetower -RSB- , gran pazzo e compositore mulattico '' ( Mulatto Sonata composed for the mulatto Brischdauer , big wild mulatto composer )   Dove said that she relied on documents such as the diary of Charlotte Papendiek , lady-in-waiting to the wife of George III , and whose husband Christopher Papendiek was one of the king 's court musiciana and helped to arrange concerts for Bridgetower . However , as not much information is available about Bridgetower 's life , or details regarding the incident regarding the Sonata , Dove 's work is mostly her own imagined version of events .   The book consists of five `` movements '' , each a group of poems about a particular theme , as well as a short play .

neg: Bob Ferguson (musician) Robert Bruce `` Bob '' Ferguson , Sr. ( December 30 , 1927 -- July 22 , 2001 ) was an American country music songwriter and record producer who was instrumental in establishing Nashville , Tennessee as a center of country music . He was also a movie producer , and Choctaw Indian historian . Ferguson is best known for writing the bestselling songs `` On the Wings of a Dove '' and `` The Carroll County Accident '' . The `` Carroll County Accident '' won the Country Music Association Song of the Year in 1969 . In 1983 `` Wings of a Dove '' was featured in the movie Tender Mercies starring Robert Duvall . In 1987 , Broadcast Music Incorporated ( BMI ) awarded Ferguson with the `` million air '' plays for the `` Wings of a Dove . ''   The country song `` Carroll County Accident '' , recorded by Porter Wagoner , made No. 2 on the Billboard country singles chart ( No. 92 pop ) and No. 1 on the Cash Box country singles chart . The tune was also recorded by Wagoner 's longtime duet partner Dolly Parton . Ferguson married twice , first to Harvie June Van ( 1950s/60s ) then to Martha Jean Lewis ( 1970 to 2001 ) .

neg: Burl Ives Sings Little White Duck and Other Children's Favorites Burl Ives Sings Little White Duck and Other Children 's Favorites is a 12-inch LP album of folk songs for children recorded by Burl Ives ( vocal and guitar ) for Columbia Records between 1949 and 1951 . The label , in 1950 , crafted a `` shared '' 10-inch children 's LP . On side one , Hollywood actor Victor Jory narrated Tubby the Tuba , while side two featured Burl Ives performing seven tunes under the title Animal Fair : Songs for Children . The catalog number was JL 8103 . One year earlier , Animal Fair : Songs for Children had been presented separately on a two-disc 78-rpm set , using as a catalog number MJV 59 . In 1956 , another Ives endeavor for children appeared , containing `` The Little White Duck '' and six other ditties . Part of Columbia 's brief ( 1955 -- 56 ) House Party Series of 10-inch LPs , the album was called Children 's Favorites , affixed with the catalog number CL 2570 . Next , a new collection , expanded to 12 inches , combining these 14 Ives selections and 2 additional ones and entitled Burl Ives Sings Songs for All Ages , was issued by Columbia in 1957 , bearing CL 980 as the catalog number . Two years later , this album was shortened by two tracks , christened with its final title , Burl Ives Sings Little White Duck and Other Children 's Favorites , and reassigned to Columbia 's budget label , Harmony Records , which employed HL 9507 as the catalog number . Being the customary practice in the vinyl marketplace of the 60s , this monaural platter wound up electronically enhanced for stereo , circa 1963 , and given the modified catalog number HS 14507 . Columbia , in 1974 , reissued the LP , again in simulated stereo , with the catalog number C 33183 . At the same time , the label also transferred the album to cassette tape , affixing the catalog number CT 33183 . On November 22 , 1988 , Columbia unveiled the album in CD format , which upgraded the sound quality to digital stereo . Distribution of the disc then was taken over by Sony Wonder on October 3 , 1995 . The 1974 LP cover , later retained for the CD , was designed by Ed Lee and Eloise Smith , with illustrations by Reynolds Ruffin . Currently , the CD is out of print , but it still can be purchased through online music sellers . Moreover , all the album tracks are now available via MP3 downloading .

neg: Poetry Slam, Inc. Poetry Slam , Inc. ( PSI ) is a non-profit organization charged with overseeing the international coalition of poetry slams . Established in 1997 , PSI is responsible for making poetry slam more visible and accessible to the world via its flagship events : National Poetry Slam ( NPS ) , Individual World Poetry Slam ( iWPS ) , and the Women of the World Poetry Slam ( WOWps ) .  Their mission is `` to promote the performance and creation of poetry while cultivating literary activities and spoken word events in order to build audience participation , stimulate creativity , awaken minds , foster education , inspire mentoring , encourage artistic statement and engage communities worldwide in the revelry of language '' .   Though poetry slams are maintained in a growing number of cities by local volunteer organizers , the vast majority of slam series follow the rules established by PSI , PSI 's founders and its members . Because of slam 's exponential growth as an art form , PSI has emerged not only as an administrative body to maintain the rules which govern slams , but as an organization that seeks to grow slam 's audience and protect slam 's interests . The Executive Council , headed by a seven-member board of poets and slam organizers , plus a paid executive director , and voted on by representatives of local slams ( SlamMasters ) every two years , maintains a watch on poetry slam series worldwide , ensuring that slam remains an art form open to all competitors . Through the certification process and its annual organizational meetings , PSI has created the backbone for a community of poets who are in frequent communication with one another , in order to pool ideas and share creative resources to insure the future growth and recognition of slam .  Poets from the community frequently embark on poetry tours in other cities , relying on each other to set up the organizational framework necessary for such tours to be successful .   Recently PSI sought to improve the general public knowledge of slams through various projects such as the creation of an official website and of a summer workshop at SUNY-Oneota , the staging of slams on a major cable television network , and the organization each year of regional officially-sanctioned team competitions in numerous host cities converging the more talented participants on the annual National Poetry Slam .

neg: Passenger pigeon The passenger pigeon or wild pigeon ( Ectopistes migratorius ) is an extinct species of pigeon that was endemic to North America . Its common name is derived from the French word passager , meaning `` passing by '' , due to the migratory habits of the species . The scientific name also refers to its migratory characteristics . The morphologically similar mourning dove ( Zenaida macroura ) was long thought to be its closest relative , and the two were at times confused , but genetic analysis has shown that the genus Patagioenas is more closely related to it than the Zenaida doves .   The passenger pigeon was sexually dimorphic in size and coloration . The male was 39 to in length , mainly gray on the upperparts , lighter on the underparts , with iridescent bronze feathers on the neck , and black spots on the wings . The female was 38 to 40 cm , and was duller and browner than the male overall . The juvenile was similar to the female , but without iridescence . It mainly inhabited the deciduous forests of eastern North America and was also recorded elsewhere , but bred primarily around the Great Lakes . The pigeon migrated in enormous flocks , constantly searching for food , shelter , and breeding grounds , and was once the most abundant bird in North America , numbering around 3 to 5 billion at the height of its population . It was not always as abundant , and the population size fluctuated rapidly over time . A very fast flyer , it could reach 100 km/h ( 62 mph ) . The bird fed mainly on mast , and also fruits and invertebrates . It practiced communal roosting and communal breeding , and its extreme gregariousness may be linked with searching for food and predator satiation .   Passenger pigeons were hunted by Native Americans , but hunting intensified after the arrival of Europeans , particularly in the 19th century . Pigeon meat was commercialized as cheap food , resulting in hunting on a massive scale for many decades . There were several other factors contributing to the decline and subsequent extinction of the species , including shrinking of the large breeding populations necessary for preservation of the species and widespread deforestation , which destroyed its habitat . A slow decline between about 1800 and 1870 was followed by a rapid decline between 1870 and 1890 . The last confirmed wild bird is thought to have been shot in 1901 . The last captive birds were divided in three groups around the turn of the 20th century , some of which were photographed alive . Martha , thought to be the last passenger pigeon , died on September 1 , 1914 , at the Cincinnati Zoo . The eradication of this species is a notable example of anthropogenic extinction .

neg: List of wildlife works of art by Frank Weston Benson Frank Weston Benson made paintings , drawings and etchings of Wildlife . He also made portraits , waterscapes , landscapes , interiors and other works of art .   Benson , an avid birdwatcher and hunter from a young age , spent nearly every non-winter weekend hunting or fishing . He initially became interested in painting to capture the wildlife he enjoyed , particularly birds . Benson 's interest in painting initially grew out of his desire to be an ornithological illustrator . As a teenager , he spent the spring , summer and fall outdoors nearly every weekend bird watching , hunting or fishing . In 1892 Benson bought a hunting shack on Cape Cod with his brothers-in-law , Edward Peirson and Maurice Richardson . Swan Flight , exhibited at the St. Botolph Club in 1893 , was Benson 's first known exhibition of wildfowl . Entering the turn of the century wildfowl was not a marketable subject , but once he began creating and exhibiting his works the wildfowl paintings always sold .   Benson , a sportsman at heart , had a solid body of work of wildlife scenes and birds , generally waterfowl . His works included oil paintings , watercolors , etchings and drypoint .   Benson made Swan Flight , a group of wild swans in formation against a gray sky from the Cape Cod hunting cabin off of Nauset that he bought with his brothers-in-law . It was the first work he exhibited of wildfowl , a subject matter that Benson explored over the years of his artistic career . The painting was sold soon after it was completed , a dynamic that continued throughout his career . To a New York dealer , Benson once expressed : `` I made a -LSB- painting of a wildfowl -RSB- the other day at home and I looked forward to exhibiting it and , almost before it was dry , a visitor saw it and carried it off ! It 's my good fortune to be doing what people like , but it keeps me on the jump . '' 4   Early Morning '' is the culmination of Benson 's appreciation of birds and Japanese composition , which was popular both in Boston and Paris . The silhouetted images of the birds flying over water is similar to the Japanese screen by Maruyama Ōkyo `` Geese Flying over a Beach '' . One of Benson 's early interests was depiction of the bird life near Salem ; His first oil paintings are still lifes of birds . Benson may have seen that screen at Boston importer Bunkyo Matsuki 's shop or the Matsuki home in Salem before it was purchased by Charles Freer in 1898 . Having seen the work at a New York exhibition in 1900 , a New York Times critic noted that it was `` especially good ... with the ducks in flight and the gray expanse of marsh and sky rose-flushed in the east with the dawn . ''

neg: Dovey Johnson Roundtree Dovey Johnson Roundtree ( born April 17 , 1914 ) is an African-American civil rights activist , ordained minister , and attorney . Her 1955 victory before the Interstate Commerce Commission in the first bus desegregation case to be brought before the ICC resulted in the only explicit repudiation of the `` separate but equal '' doctrine in the field of interstate bus transportation by a court or federal administrative body . That case , Sarah Keys v. Carolina Coach Company ( 64 MCC 769 ( 1955 ) ) , which Dovey Roundtree argued with her law partner and mentor Julius Winfield Robertson , was invoked by Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy during the 1961 Freedom Riders ' campaign in his successful battle to compel the Interstate Commerce Commission to enforce its rulings and end Jim Crow in public transportation .   Roundtree was saluted by First Lady Michelle Obama on the occasion of the release of her 2009 autobiography , Justice Older than the Law , which Roundtree co-authored with Washington journalist Katie McCabe and which won the 2009 Letitia Woods Brown Award from the Association of Black Women Historians . In a letter made public at a July 23 , 2009 tribute to Roundtree at the Women in Military Service for America Memorial at Arlington National Cemetery , the First Lady cited Roundtree 's historic contributions to the law , the military and the ministry , and stated : `` It is on the shoulders of people like Dovey Johnson Roundtree that we stand today , and it is with her commitment to our core ideals that we will continue moving toward a better tomorrow . ''   A protégé of black activist and educator Mary McLeod Bethune , Roundtree was selected by Bethune for the first class of African-American women to be trained as officers in the newly created Women 's Army Auxiliary Corps ( later the Women 's Army Corps ) during World War II . In 1961 she became one of the first women to receive full ministerial status in the African Methodist Episcopal Church , which had just begun ordaining women at a level beyond mere preachers in 1960 . With her controversial admission to the all-white Women 's Bar of the District of Columbia in 1962 , she broke the color bar for minority women in the Washington legal community . In one of Washington 's most sensational and widely covered murder cases , United States v. Ray Crump , tried in the summer of 1965 on the eve of the Watts riots , Roundtree won acquittal for the black laborer accused of the murder of Georgetown socialite ( and former wife of a CIA officer ) Mary Pinchot Meyer , a woman with romantic ties to President John F. Kennedy .   The founding partner of the Washington , D.C. law firm of Roundtree , Knox , Hunter and Parker in 1970 following the death of her first law partner Julius Robertson in 1961 , Roundtree was special consultant for legal affairs to the AME Church , and General Counsel to the National Council of Negro Women . She was the inspiration for actress Cicely Tyson 's depiction of a maverick civil rights lawyer in the television series `` Sweet Justice '' , and the recipient , along with retired Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O'Connor , of the American Bar Association 's 2000 Margaret Brent Women Lawyers of Achievement Award . In 2011 a scholarship fund was created in her name by the Charlotte Chapter of the National Alumnae Association of Spelman College . Roundtree also received the 2011 Torchbearer Award from the Women 's Bar Association of the District of Columbia , the organization which she integrated in 1962 . In March 2013 an affordable senior living facility in the Southeast Washington DC community where she ministered was named `` The Roundtree Residences '' in her honor . She turned 100 in April 2014 .


query: Beautiful is directed by someone.

pos: Sally Field Sally Margaret Field ( born November 6 , 1946 ) is an American actress and director . Field began her career on television , starring on the sitcoms Gidget ( 1965 -- 66 ) , The Flying Nun ( 1967 -- 70 ) , and The Girl with Something Extra ( 1973 -- 74 ) . She ventured into movies with Smokey and the Bandit ( 1977 ) and later Norma Rae ( 1979 ) , for which she received the Academy Award for Best Actress . She later received Golden Globe Award nominations for her performances in Absence of Malice ( 1981 ) and Kiss Me Goodbye ( 1982 ) , before receiving her second Academy Award for Best Actress for Places in the Heart ( 1984 ) . Field received further nominations for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress for Murphy 's Romance ( 1985 ) and Steel Magnolias ( 1989 ) .   In the 1990s , Field appeared in a wide range of films , including Not Without My Daughter ( 1991 ) and Mrs. Doubtfire ( 1993 ) , before being nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for Forrest Gump ( 1994 ) . In the 2000s , she returned to television with a recurring role on the NBC medical drama ER , for which she won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series in 2001 . From 2006 to 2011 , she portrayed the lead role of Nora Walker on the ABC television drama Brothers & Sisters , for which she received the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series in 2007 . Field later starred as Mary Todd Lincoln in Lincoln ( 2012 ) , for which she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress and the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress , among other accolades . She also appeared as Aunt May in The Amazing Spider-Man ( 2012 ) and reprised the role in the 2014 sequel .   As a director , Field is known for the television film The Christmas Tree ( 1996 ) , an episode of the 1998 HBO miniseries From the Earth to the Moon as well as the feature film Beautiful ( 2000 ) . In 2014 , she was presented with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame .

pos: Beautiful (2000 film) Beautiful is a 2000 American comedy-drama film directed by Sally Field ( in her feature film directorial debut ) , starring Minnie Driver , Joey Lauren Adams , Hallie Kate Eisenberg , Herta Ware , and Kathleen Turner . The plot deals with the sacrifices that contestants in the Miss America pageant typically must make .

neg: Pretty (advertisement) Pretty ( or I Feel Pretty ) is a television advertisement launched in 2006 by Nike , Inc. to promote its Nike Women brand of sportswear . The 60-second spot was handled by advertising agency Wieden + Kennedy in Portland , Oregon . The advert stars Russian tennis player Maria Sharapova in her first appearance as a spokesperson for the brand . Pretty debuted on U.S. television on August 20 , 2006 , with later appearances in cinemas and in print advertisements . It was directed by Czech director Ivan Zacharias , with post-production and VFX work by The Mill .   The piece was a critical and popular success . It garnered several prestigious awards from the advertising and television industries , including two Cannes Gold Lions and a Gold Effie Award .

neg: Beauty (2011 film) Beauty ( Skoonheid ) is a 2011 South African film directed by Oliver Hermanus . It premiered in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2011 Cannes Film Festival . The film was selected as the South African entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 84th Academy Awards , but it did not make the final shortlist .

neg: Somewhere Amazing Somewhere Amazing ( In un posto bellissimo ) is a 2015 Italian drama film written and directed by Giorgia Cecere and starring Isabella Ragonese and Alessio Boni .

neg: Beautiful (10 Years song) `` Beautiful '' is a song written and recorded by American alternative rock band 10 Years for their fourth album , Division , which is their second major release under Universal Records . It was released as the album 's first single to iTunes and rock radio outlets in 2008 .  __ NOTOC __

neg: Beautiful Kitty Beautiful Kitty is a 1923 British silent sports film directed by Walter West and starring Violet Hopson , James Knight and Robert Vallis .

neg: Beautiful Liar `` Beautiful Liar '' is a song recorded by American singer Beyoncé and Colombian singer Shakira . It was written by Beyoncé , Amanda Ghost , Ian Dench , and Stargate members Mikkel S. Eriksen and Tor Erik Hermansen , and produced by Stargate and Beyoncé for the re-release of Beyoncé 's second solo album , B'Day ( 2006 ) . The mixing of the song was done by Gustavo Celis . `` Beautiful Liar '' was released on March 14 , 2007 , by Columbia Records as the first single from the deluxe edition of the album . A Spanish and English mixed version of the song was produced and titled `` Bello Embustero '' .   `` Beautiful Liar '' is a mid-tempo song ; musically , it is a melding of Shakira 's Latin and Middle Eastern styles with Beyoncé 's contemporary hip hop and R&B styles . Its theme is female empowerment ; two female protagonists sing about being charmed by the same man , but instead of fighting over him , both ladies agree that he is not worth their time . The song was well received by music critics , who praised generally Beyoncé 's and Shakira 's collaboration . `` Beautiful Liar '' was nominated for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals at the 50th Grammy Awards and the Spanish version was nominated for Record of the Year at the Latin Grammy Awards of 2007 . It won an Ivor Novello Awards for Best-Selling British Song in 2008 .   `` Beautiful Liar '' was commercially successful . It peaked at number three on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart and experienced the largest upward movement on that chart until 2008 . The song peaked at number one in many European countries , including France , Germany , Hungary , Ireland , Italy , the Netherlands , New Zealand , Switzerland , and the United Kingdom . Its accompanying music video was directed by Jake Nava , incorporates belly dancing moves . `` Beautiful Liar '' won the Most Earthshattering Collaboration award at the 2007 MTV Video Music Award . The song was included on Beyoncé 's set list during her 2007 The Beyoncé Experience world tour .

neg: Matthew Diamond Matthew Diamond ( born November 26 , 1951 ) is an American film and television director , producer and choreographer .

neg: A Beautiful Place to Die A Beautiful Place to Die is the debut novel of award-winning filmmaker Malla Nunn .

neg: Kim Ki-duk Kim Ki-duk ( -LSB- kimɡidʌk -RSB- ; born December 20 , 1960 ) is a South Korean filmmaker noted for his idiosyncratic art-house cinematic works . His films have received many distinctions in the festival circuit , making him one of the most important contemporary Asian film directors . Major festival awards include Golden Lion at 69th Venice International Film Festival for Pietà , Silver Lion for Best Director at 61st Venice International Film Festival for 3-Iron , Silver bear for Best Director at 54th Berlin International Film Festival for Samaria and Un Certain Regard prize at 2011 Cannes Film Festival for Arirang . His most widely known feature is Spring , Summer , Fall , Winter ... and Spring ( 2003 ) , included in film critic Roger Ebert 's Great Movies . Two of his films served as official submissions for Academy award for best foreign language film as South Korean entries . He has given scripts to several of his former assistant directors including Juhn Jai-hong ( Beautiful and Poongsan ) and Jang Hoon ( Rough Cut ) .

neg: Beautiful People (Pet Shop Boys song) `` Beautiful People '' is a song written and recorded by the Pet Shop Boys group , and was released on 2 October 2009 , as the third single from their tenth studio album : Yes . This single was released in Germany only first , at the request of EMI . In November it was released in the US as a download .   The B-side , `` Fugitive '' , had previously been published ( in an extended version ) on the limited edition of their 2006 album Fundamental . The song was produced by Richard X.   Both the demo version of `` Beautiful People '' and the remix of `` Up and Down '' had been previously available digitally . The demo was available to stream from the official Pet Shop Boys website and the remix was available as a free download during the `` Did You See Me Coming ? '' single campaign . Remixes by Vinny Vero were commissioned but not used due to delays in their completion . They were later released unofficially as a free download on Vero 's website .

neg: American Beauty (1999 film) American Beauty is a 1999 American drama film directed by Sam Mendes and written by Alan Ball . Kevin Spacey stars as Lester Burnham , a 42-year-old advertising executive who has a midlife crisis when he becomes infatuated with his teenaged daughter 's best friend , Angela ( Mena Suvari ) . Annette Bening co-stars as Lester 's materialistic wife , Carolyn , and Thora Birch plays their insecure daughter , Jane . Wes Bentley , Chris Cooper , and Allison Janney also feature . The film is described by academics as a satire of American middle-class notions of beauty and personal satisfaction ; analysis has focused on the film 's explorations of romantic , and paternal love , sexuality , beauty , materialism , self-liberation , and redemption .   Ball began writing American Beauty as a play in the early 1990s , partly inspired by the media circus around the Amy Fisher trial in 1992 . He shelved the play after realizing the story would not work on stage . After several years as a television screenwriter , Ball revived the idea in 1997 when attempting to break into the film industry . The modified script had a cynical outlook that was influenced by Ball 's frustrating tenures writing for several sitcoms . Producers Dan Jinks and Bruce Cohen took American Beauty to DreamWorks ; the then-fledgling film studio bought Ball 's script for $ 250,000 , outbidding several other production bodies . DreamWorks financed the $ 15 million production and served as its North American distributor . American Beauty marked acclaimed theater director Mendes ' film debut ; courted after his successful productions of the musicals Oliver ! and Cabaret , Mendes was , nevertheless , only given the job after 20 others were considered and several `` A-list '' directors turned down the opportunity .   Spacey was Mendes ' first choice for the role of Lester , though DreamWorks had urged the director to consider better-known actors ; similarly , the studio suggested several actors for the role of Carolyn until Mendes offered the part to Bening without DreamWorks ' knowledge . Principal photography took place between December 1998 and February 1999 on soundstages at the Warner Bros. backlot in Burbank , California , and on location in Los Angeles . Mendes ' dominant style was deliberate and composed ; he made extensive use of static shots and slow pans and zooms to generate tension . Cinematographer Conrad Hall complemented Mendes ' style with peaceful shot compositions to contrast with the turbulent on-screen events . During editing , Mendes made several changes that gave the film a less cynical tone than the script .   Released in North America on September 17 , 1999 , American Beauty was positively received by critics and grossed over $ 356 million worldwide . Reviewers praised most aspects of the production , with particular emphasis on Mendes , Spacey , and Ball ; criticism focused on the familiarity of the characters and setting . DreamWorks launched a major campaign to increase the film 's chances of Academy Award success ; at the 72nd Academy Awards the following year , the film won Best Picture , Best Director , Best Actor ( for Spacey ) , Best Original Screenplay , and Best Cinematography . It was nominated for and won many other awards and honors , mainly for the direction , writing , and acting .

neg: Michael Schultz Michael Schultz ( born November 10 , 1938 ) is an American director and producer of film and television .

neg: Playing It Cool Playing It Cool ( formerly known as A Many Splintered Thing ) is an American romantic comedy film directed by Justin Reardon and written by Chris Shafer and Paul Vicknair . The film stars Chris Evans , Michelle Monaghan , Anthony Mackie , Aubrey Plaza , Patrick Warburton , Ashley Tisdale , Ioan Gruffudd , and Topher Grace . The film was released on video on demand starting on March 31 , 2015 before a limited release on May 8 , 2015 by Vertical Entertainment .

neg: Beautiful (EP) Beautiful is the debut extended play by American singer and rapper Amber , who is a member of South Korean girl group f ( x ) . The EP was released on February 13 , 2015 by S.M. Entertainment .

neg: Brilliant (film) Brilliant is a 2004 thriller film starring Erika Eleniak and Bruce Boxleitner .

neg: Beautiful Doom `` Beautiful Doom '' is the fifth episode of the ninth season of the American television medical drama Grey 's Anatomy , and the show 's 177th episode overall . Written by Jeannine Renshaw and directed by Stephen Cragg , the episode was originally broadcast on the American Broadcasting Company ( ABC ) in the United States on November 8 , 2012 . The initial airing was viewed by 9.26 million people and garnered a 3.3 / 8 Nielsen rating in the 18 -- 49 demographic , registering the show as the week 's highest rated television drama . Grey 's Anatomy centers around a group of physicians struggling to balance their professional lives with their personal lives .   In the episode Meredith Grey ( Ellen Pompeo ) relives the memories of her half-sister Lexie Grey ( Chyler Leigh ) who died in the season eight finale plane crash when a patient with similar crush injuries comes into the hospital . The episode also focuses on Cristina Yang ( Sandra Oh ) who deals with the death of her Minnesota mentor Dr. Craig Thomas ( William Daniels ) in the middle of surgery . Meredith in spite of opposition from Richard Webber ( James Pickens Jr. ) tries to treat the crash victim while dealing with her personal feelings relating Lexie . She also juggles her daughter Zola at the hospital with the absence of her husband , Derek Shepherd ( Patrick Dempsey ) , with Owen Hunt ( Kevin McKidd ) , Callie Torres ( Sara Ramirez ) and Miranda Bailey ( Chandra Wilson ) helping her .

neg: Beautiful Death Beautiful Death is an album by Bella Morte , released in 2008 .

neg: Jenn Shaw Jennifer Jeanine Shaw ( born September 15 , 1983 ) is an American film director and producer

neg: Beautiful People (UK TV series) Beautiful People was a British comedy drama television series based on the memoirs of Barneys creative director Simon Doonan . The series takes place in Reading , Berkshire , in 1997 , where thirteen-year-old Simon Doonan and his best friend Kylie dream of escaping their dreary suburban surroundings and moving to cosmopolitan London `` to live amongst the beautiful people '' . The first episode aired on BBC Two on 2 October 2008 and recorded overnight ratings of 1.5 million viewers and positive critical reaction . Episodes are self-contained , but do follow a loose story arc throughout the course of each series . The second and final series finished airing on 18 December 2009 .

neg: Brent Ryan Green Brent Ryan Green ( born March 19 , 1984 ) is an American film director and producer .


query: Odin is often accompanied by a wolf name Freki.

pos: Odin In Germanic mythology , Odin ( from Old Norse Óðinn ) is a widely revered god . In Norse mythology , from which stems most of the information about the god , Odin is associated with healing , death , royalty , the gallows , knowledge , battle , sorcery , poetry , frenzy , and the runic alphabet , and is the husband of the goddess Frigg . In wider Germanic mythology and paganism , Odin was known in Old English as Wōden , in Old Saxon as Wōdan , and in Old High German as Wuotan or Wōtan , all stemming from the reconstructed Proto-Germanic theonym wōđanaz .   Odin is a prominently mentioned god throughout the recorded history of the Germanic peoples , from the Roman occupation of regions of Germania through the tribal expansions of the Migration Period and the Viking Age . In the modern period , Odin continued to be acknowledged in the rural folklore of Germanic Europe . References to Odin appear in place names throughout regions historically inhabited by the ancient Germanic peoples , and the day of the week Wednesday bears his name in many Germanic languages , including English .   In Anglo-Saxon England , Odin held a particular place as a euhemerized ancestral figure among royalty , and he is frequently referred to as a founding figure among various other Germanic peoples , including the Langobards . Forms of his name appear frequently throughout the Germanic record , though narratives regarding Odin are mainly found in Old Norse works recorded in Iceland , primarily around the 13th century . These texts make up the bulk of modern understanding of Norse mythology .   In Old Norse texts , Odin is depicted as one-eyed and long-bearded , frequently wielding a spear named Gungnir , and wearing a cloak and a broad hat . He is often accompanied by his animal companions -- the wolves Geri and Freki and the ravens Huginn and Muninn , who bring him information from all over Midgard -- and rides the flying , eight-legged steed Sleipnir across the sky and into the underworld . Odin is attested as having many sons , most famously the gods Thor ( with Jörð ) and Baldr ( with Frigg ) , and is known by hundreds of names . In these texts , he frequently seeks greater knowledge , at times in disguise ( most famously by obtaining the Mead of Poetry ) , makes wagers with his wife Frigg over the outcome of exploits , and takes part in both the creation of the world by way of slaying the primordial being Ymir and the gift of life to the first two humans Ask and Embla . Odin has a particular association with Yule , and mankind 's knowledge of both the runes and poetry is also attributed to him .   In Old Norse texts , Odin is given primacy over female beings associated with the battlefield -- the valkyries -- and oversees Valhalla , where he receives half of those who die in battle , the einherjar . The other half are chosen by the goddess Freyja for her afterlife location , Fólkvangr . Odin consults the disembodied , herb-embalmed head of the wise being Mímir for advice , and during the foretold events of Ragnarök , Odin is told to lead the einherjar into battle before being consumed by the monstrous wolf Fenrir . In later folklore , Odin appears as a leader of the Wild Hunt , a ghostly procession of the dead through the winter sky . He has also been associated with charms and other forms of magic , particularly in Old English and Old Norse texts .   Odin has been a frequent subject of study in Germanic studies , and numerous theories have been put forward regarding his development . Some of these focus on Odin 's particular relation to other figures ; for example , the fact that Freyja 's husband Óðr appears to be something of an etymological doublet of the god , whereas Odin 's wife Frigg is in many ways similar to Freyja , and that Odin has a particular relation to the figure of Loki . Other approaches focus on Odin 's place in the historical record , a frequent question being whether the figure of Odin derives from Proto-Indo-European religion , or whether he developed later in Germanic society . In the modern period , Odin has inspired numerous works of poetry , music , and other forms of media . He is venerated in most forms of the new religious movement Heathenry , together with other gods venerated by the ancient Germanic peoples ; some branches focus particularly on him .

neg: Thor In Norse mythology , Thor ( -LSB- θɔr -RSB- from Old Norse Þórr ) is a hammer-wielding god associated with thunder , lightning , storms , oak trees , strength , the protection of mankind , and also hallowing and fertility . The cognate deity in wider Germanic mythology and paganism was known in Old English as Þunor and in Old High German as Donar ( runic þonar ) , stemming from a Common Germanic * Þunraz ( meaning `` thunder '' ) .   Ultimately stemming from Proto-Indo-European religion , Thor is a prominently mentioned god throughout the recorded history of the Germanic peoples , from the Roman occupation of regions of Germania , to the tribal expansions of the Migration Period , to his high popularity during the Viking Age , when , in the face of the process of the Christianization of Scandinavia , emblems of his hammer , Mjölnir , were worn and Norse pagan personal names containing the name of the god bear witness to his popularity .   Into the modern period , Thor continued to be acknowledged in rural folklore throughout Germanic regions . Thor is frequently referred to in place names , the day of the week Thursday ( `` Thor 's day '' from Old English Thunresdæg , ` Thunor 's day ' ) bears his name , and names stemming from the pagan period containing his own continue to be used today .   In Norse mythology , largely recorded in Iceland from traditional material stemming from Scandinavia , numerous tales and information about Thor are provided . In these sources , Thor bears at least fourteen names , is the husband of the golden-haired goddess Sif , is the lover of the jötunn Járnsaxa , and is generally described as fierce eyed , red haired and red bearded . With Sif , Thor fathered the goddess ( and possible valkyrie ) Þrúðr ; with Járnsaxa , he fathered Magni ; with a mother whose name is not recorded , he fathered Móði , and he is the stepfather of the god Ullr . The same sources list Thor as the son of the god Odin and the personified earth , Jörð , and by way of Odin , Thor has numerous brothers . Thor has two servants , Þjálfi and Röskva , rides in a cart or chariot pulled by two goats , Tanngrisnir and Tanngnjóstr ( that he eats and resurrects ) , and is ascribed three dwellings ( Bilskirnir , Þrúðheimr , and Þrúðvangr ) . Thor wields the mountain-crushing hammer , Mjölnir , wears the belt Megingjörð and the iron gloves Járngreipr , and owns the staff Gríðarvölr . Thor 's exploits , including his relentless slaughter of his foes and fierce battles with the monstrous serpent Jörmungandr -- and their foretold mutual deaths during the events of Ragnarök -- are recorded throughout sources for Norse mythology .   Thor has inspired numerous works of art and references to Thor appear in modern popular culture . Like other Germanic deities , veneration of Thor is revived in the modern period in Heathenry .

neg: Odin from Lejre Odin from Lejre is a small cast silver figurine from approximately 900 C.E. , depicting an individual on a throne wearing a floor-length dress , an apron , four bead necklaces , a neck ring , a cloak and a rim-less hat . Two birds are seated on the armrests and the back of the throne features the heads of two animals . The figurine has inlay of black niello ( black coloured alloy ) and some gilding . The figure measures 18 mm in height and weights 9 grams . The figurine was found by local amateur archaeologist Tommy Olesen on September 2 , 2009 , during the Roskilde Museum excavations of a small village at Gammel Lejre ( `` Old Lejre '' ) near the modern town of Lejre , Denmark . The figurine was unveiled at the Roskilde Museum on November 13 , 2009 , and is now part of the permanent exhibition .   The identity of the figure depicted has been the subject of some dispute . The excavator interpreted it as the god Odin sitting on his throne Hliðskjálf , from which he sees into all the worlds . The birds would be the ravens Huginn and Muninn , who gathered information for Odin . The beast-heads might symbolise Odin 's two wolves , Geri and Freki . However , some scholars specialising in Viking Age dress and gender representation have pointed out that the person is dressed entirely in female attire , resulting in theories that the figure may in fact represent either the goddesses Frigg or Freyja . Parallels have been pointed to between `` Odin from Lejre '' and a silver figure often identified as Freyja found in Aska , Sweden .

neg: Brunnmigi In Norse mythology , a Brunnmigi ( Old Norse `` well-pisser '' ) is a being who defiles wells encountered by King Hjörleifr in Hálfs saga ok Hálfsrekka and , as recorded in the Prose Edda þulur , is also a kenning applied to foxes . It is a large beast .

neg: Ásatrú holidays In Asatru ( Germanic neopaganism ) , various publications identify a number of holidays , to some extent based on medieval references to sacrifices observed in historical Norse paganism or reconstructions of an early Germanic calendar , but frequently also inspired by the `` Wheel of the Year '' popular in Wicca , and sometimes also based on ad hoc innovation , e.g. the various `` Days of Remembrance '' introduced by The Troth .   As a minimal consensus , the three great seasonal blots mentioned in Ynglingasaga are recognized by practically all adherents . These are : Winter Nights ( in October , in some Icelandic sagas identified with Dísablót ) , Midwinter ( some time in December or January , often identified with Yule ) and Sigrblot ( some time in summer ) . Beyond this , the modern Icelandic festival of Þorrablót is sometimes considered a `` pagan holiday '' .   Suggestions for rituals suited for these various holidays were published by e.g. Edred Thorsson , A Book of Troth ( 1989 ) and by Kveldulf Gundarsson , Teutonic Religion ( 1993 ) .  James Chisholm ( 1989 ) published a suggestion for Ostara   The following are examples of seasonal festivals as listed by notable adherents of American Asatru .

neg: Beowulf Beowulf ( -LSB- ˈbeɪoʊ-wʊlf , _ ˈbiːoʊ -- -RSB- -LSB- ˈbeːo̯ˌwulf -RSB- ) is an Old English epic poem consisting of 3,182 alliterative lines . It may be the oldest surviving long poem in Old English and is commonly cited as one of the most important works of Old English literature . A date of composition is a matter of contention among scholars ; the only certain dating pertains to the manuscript , which was produced between 975 and 1025 . The author was an anonymous Anglo-Saxon poet , referred to by scholars as the `` Beowulf poet '' .   The poem is set in Scandinavia . Beowulf , a hero of the Geats , comes to the aid of Hrothgar , the king of the Danes , whose mead hall in Heorot has been under attack by a monster known as Grendel . After Beowulf slays him , Grendel 's mother attacks the hall and is then also defeated . Victorious , Beowulf goes home to Geatland ( Götaland in modern Sweden ) and later becomes king of the Geats . After a period of fifty years has passed , Beowulf defeats a dragon , but is fatally wounded in the battle . After his death , his attendants cremate his body and erect a tower on a headland in his memory .   The full poem survives in the manuscript known as the Nowell Codex . It has no title in the original manuscript , but has become known by the name of the story 's protagonist . In 1731 , the manuscript was badly damaged by a fire that swept through Ashburnham House in London that had a collection of medieval manuscripts assembled by Sir Robert Bruce Cotton . The Nowell Codex is currently housed in the British Library .

neg: Gandalf (mythology) Gandalf ( Gandálfr ) is a Dvergr ( Norse dwarf ) in Norse mythology , appearing in the so-called ` Tally of the Dwarves ' within the poem Völuspá from the Poetic Edda , as well as in the Prose Edda . The name derives from the Old Norse words gandr ( magic staff ) and álfr ( elf ) , thus a protective spirit who wields a magical wand .   The name was also used for a Norse king in the Heimskringla .   In his fictional writings , J. R. R. Tolkien eventually named his wizard Gandalf after the Dvergr , but initially used the name for the head of the dwarf party ( ultimately to be called Thorin Oakenshield ) .

neg: Gunnlaugr Ormstunga Gunnlaugr Ormstunga ( i.e. `` Serpent-Tongue '' ) was an Icelandic poet . His life is described in Gunnlaugs saga ormstungu , where several of his poems are preserved .   Gunnlaugr was born ca. 983 . From an early age he proved himself impetuous , audacious , brave , and tough . He was also a skilled author of mostly derogatory poems , which earned him the cognomen ormstunga , `` serpent 's tongue '' . After a quarrel with his father , Illugi , Gunnlaugr left his home at the age of twelve to stay for some time at Borg with Þorsteinn Egilsson , the son of Egill Skallagrímsson . There , he became acquainted with Þorsteinn 's daughter , Helga the fair , reputedly the most beautiful woman in Iceland . Her hair was so ample that she could hide herself in it .   When Gunnlaugr was eighteen , he went abroad . At that time , Helga became his fiancée , on the condition that she would wait no more than three years for Gunnlaugr . He visited the courts of Norway , Ireland , Orkney and Sweden and England . In Sweden , he visited the court of King Óláfr Skötkonung where he met his rival , the Icelandic champion and skald , Hrafn Önundarson .   Gunnlaugr 's stay in the service of King Æthelred of England delayed his return to Iceland and Helga . He did not return until four years had passed ( ca. 1005 ) . Since Gunnlaugr had been gone longer than his allotted three years , Helga was forced into an unhappy marriage to Gunnlaugr 's rival , Hrafn Önundarson . Gunnlaugr and Hrafn met at the Althing and Gunnlaugr challenged Hrafn to a duel of honour , a holmgang ( hólmganga ) . The duel ended in a draw and was the last one allowed in Iceland . From that time hólmganga were forbidden by Icelandic law .   In order to settle their dispute in blood , the two champions met in Norway in the spring of 1008 . There , Gunnlaugr defeated Hrafn , but was fatally wounded . After a short time he died . He was 25 . Helga later remarried , but never recovered from Gunnlaugr 's death . Her greatest pleasure was to rest her eyes on a sumptuous coat that Gunnlaugr had given her . One evening , she rested her head on her husband 's shoulder , spread the coat in front of her , and watched it for a while . Thereafter , she fell back into her husband 's embrace and was dead .

neg: Icelandic Elf School The Icelandic Elf School , known as Álfaskólinn in Icelandic , is a school in Iceland that teaches students and visitors about Icelandic folklore .   The school teaches about the hidden people and the 13 different kinds of elves that the school believes inhabit the country of Iceland . According to the school 's headmaster , hidden people `` are just the same size and look exactly like human beings , the only difference is that they are invisible to most of us . Elves , on the other hand , are n't entirely human , they 're humanoid , starting at around eight centimetres . '' He also claims there are gay and lesbian elves . The school is located in Reykjavík , the country 's largest city .   The school is headed by Magnús Skarphéðinsson . Magnús has a full curriculum , and certificate programs for visitors that can be earned in as little as half a day . However , the school also publishes texts on hidden people , partly for its own use in the classroom . There is also ongoing research on the elves and hidden people of Iceland . He also collects stories about trolls , fairies , dwarves , and gnomes , but says that `` nearly 70 percent of our stories are about hidden people , because they are most seen here . '' These stories have been collected for the purpose of preservation . Magnús organizes five hour long educational excursions for visitors , and finishes the tour with coffee and pancakes at the school . Despite never advertising his school , Magnus typically gets 5-10 people per excursion . Since opening in 1991 , over 9,000 people , most of them foreigners , have attended the school . The Álfaskólinn also provides `` aura readings '' and `` past-life explorations '' .   The question of the `` level of belief in elves '' in Iceland is somewhat of a cultural topos , with survey results published in 1975 , 1995 , 1998 , 2006 . Interpretations of the survey results vary .  Based on the 2006 figures , Magnús claims that while only 26 % of Icelanders believe in elves ( summing the responses ` certain ' and ` probable ' ) , 80 % `` do take notice '' ( including the replies ` possible ' and ` unlikely ' ) .

neg: Hildur Hildur is one of several female given names derived from the name Hild formed from Old Norse hildr , meaning `` battle '' . Hild , a Nordic-German Bellona , was a Valkyrie who conveyed fallen warriors to Valhalla . Warfare was often called Hild 's Game . Hildur is rather exclusively used in Nordic counties , but the more recent variations with the same origin , Hilda and Hilde , are in wider use . The Swedish name day for Hildur and Hilda is 18 January .

neg: Halfdan Long-Leg Halfdan Long-Leg ( Old Norse : Hálfdan háleggur , Norwegian : Halvdan Hålegg ) was a Viking-Age warrior who lived in the latter half of the 9th century . He was the son of King Harald Fairhair and a Sami woman named Snofrid Svasadottir .   Snorri Sturluson in Heimskringla states that Halfdan was one of Harald 's many sons who were involved in a power struggle with one another . Halfdan and his brother Gudrød Ljome were responsible for murdering Rognvald Eysteinsson and 60 of his men by burning them inside of a structure . Upon learning of this event , Harald flew into a rage and sent out a great force against Gudrød who was then banished . Rognvald 's son Torf-Einarr performed the Blood eagle ritual on Halfdan in retaliation after a battle . Harald made Rognvald 's son Thorirm Earl of Møre and gave his daughter Alof to him in marriage .

neg: Gerðr In Norse mythology , Gerðr ( Old Norse `` fenced-in '' ) is a jötunn , goddess , and the wife of the god Freyr . Gerðr is attested in the Poetic Edda , compiled in the 13th century from earlier traditional sources ; the Prose Edda and Heimskringla , written in the 13th century by Snorri Sturluson ; and in the poetry of skalds . Gerðr is sometimes modernly anglicized as Gerd or Gerth .   In both the Poetic Edda and the Prose Edda , Freyr sees Gerðr from a distance , becomes deeply lovesick at the sight of her shimmering beauty , and has his servant Skírnir go to Jötunheimr ( where Gerðr and her father Gymir reside ) to gain her love . In the Poetic Edda Gerðr initially refuses , yet after a series of threats by Skírnir she finally agrees . In the Prose Edda , no mention of threats are made . In both sources , Gerðr agrees to meet Freyr at a fixed time at the location of Barri and , after Skírnir returns with Gerðr 's response , Freyr laments that the meeting could not occur sooner . In both the Poetic Edda and the Prose Edda , Gerðr is described as the daughter of Gymir and the jötunn Aurboða .   In Heimskringla , Gerðr is recorded as the wife of Freyr , euhemerized as having been a beloved king of Sweden . In the same source , the couple are the founders of the Yngling dynasty and produced a son , Fjölnir , who rose to kinghood after Freyr 's passing and continued their line . Gerðr is commonly theorized to be a goddess associated with the earth . Gerðr inspired works of art and literature .

neg: Runic inscriptions A runic inscription is an inscription made in one of the various runic alphabets . The body of runic inscriptions falls into the three categories of Elder Futhark ( some 350 items , dating to between the 2nd and 8th centuries AD ) , Anglo-Frisian Futhorc ( some 100 items , 5th to 11th centuries ) and Younger Futhark ( close to 6,000 items , 8th to 12th centuries ) .   The total 350 known inscriptions in the Elder Futhark script fall into two main geographical categories , North Germanic ( Scandinavian , c. 267 items ) and Continental or South Germanic ( `` German '' and Gothic , c. 81 items ) . These inscriptions are on many types of loose objects , but the North Germanic tradition shows a preference for bracteates , while the South Germanic one has a preference for fibulae . The precise figures are debatable because some inscriptions are very short and/or illegible so that it is uncertain whether they qualify as an inscription at all .   The division into Scandinavian , North Sea ( Anglo-Frisian ) , and South Germanic inscription makes sense from the 5th century . In the 3rd and 4th centuries , the Elder Futhark script is still in its early phase of development , with inscriptions concentrated in what is now Denmark and Northern Germany .   The tradition of runic literacy continues in Scandinavia into the Viking Age , developing into the Younger Futhark script . Close to 6,000 Younger Futhark inscriptions are known , many of them on runestones .

neg: Cŵn Annwn In Welsh mythology and folklore , Cŵn Annwn ( -LSB- kuːn ˈanʊn -RSB- , `` hounds of Annwn '' ) were the spectral hounds of Annwn , the otherworld of Welsh myth . They were associated with a form of the Wild Hunt , presided over by either Arawn , king of Annwn in the First Branch of the Mabinogi and alluded to in the Fourth , or by Gwyn ap Nudd as the underworld king and king of the fair ( y ) folk is named in later medieval lore .   In Wales , they were associated with migrating geese , supposedly because their honking in the night is reminiscent of barking dogs .   Hunting grounds for the Cŵn Annwn are said to include the mountain of Cadair Idris , where it is believed `` the howling of these huge dogs foretold death to anyone who heard them '' .   According to Welsh folklore , their growling is loudest when they are at a distance , and as they draw nearer , it grows softer and softer . Their coming is generally seen as a death portent .

neg: Ogre An ogre ( feminine ogress ) is a term used in myth and folk tales for a variety of abominable and brutish hominid monsters , informally large , unpleasant , grotesque , predatory , and typically cannibalistic towards normal human beings , infants , and children . Ogres and similar creatures feature in mythology , folklore , and fiction around the world , appearing in many classic works of literature and fairy tales .   Ogres vary in size depending on the depiction , ranging from moderately large and heavyset by human standards to inhuman and disproportionate giants . Common features include oversized heads and mouths , animal-like bodily hair , discolored skin , extreme physical strength , a voracious appetite , and a generally hideous appearance , odor , and manner . Ogres overlap heavily with giants in mythology and may be considered a subtype thereof ; they also overlap with human cannibals in fiction . The villainous giant in `` Jack and the Beanstalk '' and `` Jack the Giant Killer '' matches an ogre in description and is sometimes directly termed an ogre in variants , and other man-eating giants such as those in The BFG and the Giant Despair in The Pilgrim 's Progress are highly comparable .   Further examples of famous folktales featuring ogres include Puss in Boots abd `` Hop-o ' - My-Thumb '' ; while the most famous ogres in modern fiction are the eponymous main character Shrek and his wife Fiona from the animated comedy film series of the same name . Other characters and monsters sometimes comparable to or described as ogres in trait include the titular husband in `` Bluebeard '' , the Beast from `` Beauty and the Beast '' , `` Beowulf 's '' enemy Grendel , the Cyclops Polyphemus from Homer 's Odyssey , the related cyclops in the tales of `` Sinbad the Sailor '' , and the oni of Japanese folklore .

neg: Wayland the Smith In Norse mythology , Wayland the Smith ( Wēland ; Wiolant Wēlandaz variously Galan and Galand in French ; from * Wēla-nandaz , lit . `` battle-brave '' ) is a legendary master blacksmith , described by Jessie Weston as `` the weird and malicious craftsman , Weyland '' . In Old Norse sources , Völundr appears in Völundarkviða , a poem in the Poetic Edda , and in Þiðrekssaga , and his legend is also depicted on Ardre image stone VIII . In Old English sources , he appears in Deor , Waldere and in Beowulf and the legend is depicted on the Franks Casket . He is mentioned in the German poems about Theoderic the Great as the Father of Witige .

neg: Fjölsvinnsmál Fjölsvinnsmál or The Sayings of Fjölsvinnr is the second of two Old Norse poems commonly published under the title Svipdagsmál `` The Lay of Svipdagr '' . These poems are found together in several 17th-century paper manuscripts with Fjölsvinnsmál . In at least three of these manuscripts , the poems appear in reverse order and are separated by a third eddic poem titled Hyndluljóð . For a long time , the connection between the two poems was not realized , until in 1854 Svend Grundtvig pointed out a connection between the story told in Gróagaldr and the first part of the medieval Scandinavian ballad of Ungen Sveidal/Herr Svedendal/Hertig Silfverdal . Then in 1856 , Sophus Bugge noticed that the last part of the ballad corresponded to Fjölsvinnsmál . Bugge wrote about this connection in Forhandlinger i Videnskabs-Selskabet i Christiania 1860ææ , calling the two poems together Svipdagsmál . Subsequent scholars have accepted this title .   In the first poem , Svipdagr enlists the aid of his dead mother , Gróa , a witch , to assist him in the completion of a task set by his cruel stepmother .   At the commencement of Fjölsvinnsmál , Svipdagr has arrived at a castle on a mountain top . There he encounters a watchman , Fjölsviðr , who tells him to be gone before asking him his name . Svipdagr conceals it , only revealing it later in the poem .   A game of question and answers ensues , wherein Svipdagr learns that Menglöð lives in the castle guarded by Fjölsviðr , and that the castle may not be entered by any save one : Svipdagr . He gives his true name and the gates are opened and Menglöð greets Svipdagr .   The poem is considered to be among the youngest of the Eddic poems . Nevertheless , it is cryptic and some stanzas are corrupt .

neg: Víðblindi Víðblindi or Viðblindi ( `` Very blind '' ) is a giant in Norse mythology .   The skald Hallar-Steinn uses the kenning `` Viðblindi 's boar '' ( Viðblinda göltr ) for whale in a stanza quoted by Snorri Sturluson in his Skáldskaparmál . Snorri explains it as follows :   Here the whale is called Boar of Viðblindi ; this Viðblindi was a giant who drew whales out of the sea like fishes .   -- Skáldskaparmál ( XLVI ) , Brodeur 's translation   A similar kenning for whale , `` Víðblindi 's pig '' ( Víðblinda svín ) , can be found in an anonymous stanza from the 13th century preserved in Laufás-Edda .   Rudolf Simek noted that the only giant known for fishing whales is Hymir , but he is never called Víðblindi / Viðblindi .   Víðblindi is also listed among the giants in the þulur .

neg: Iðunn In Norse mythology , Iðunn is a goddess associated with apples and youth . Iðunn is attested in the Poetic Edda , compiled in the 13th century from earlier traditional sources , and the Prose Edda , written in the 13th century by Snorri Sturluson . In both sources , she is described as the wife of the skaldic god Bragi , and in the Prose Edda , also as a keeper of apples and granter of eternal youthfulness .   The Prose Edda relates that Loki was once forced by the jötunn Þjazi to lure Iðunn out of Asgard and into a wood , promising her interesting apples . Þjazi , in the form of an eagle , snatches Iðunn from the wood and takes her to his home . Iðunn 's absence causes the gods to grow old and grey , and they realize that Loki is responsible for her disappearance . Loki promises to return her and , in the form of a falcon , finds her alone at Þjazi 's home . He turns her into a nut and takes her back to Asgard . After Þjazi finds that Iðunn is gone , he turns into an eagle and furiously chases after Loki . The gods build a pyre in Asgard and , after a sudden stop by Loki , Þjazi 's feathers catch fire , he falls , and the gods kill him .   A number of theories surround Iðunn , including potential links to fertility , and her potential origin in Proto-Indo-European religion . Long the subject of artworks , Iðunn is sometimes referenced in modern popular culture .

neg: Finnish mythology Finnish mythology is a commonly applied description of the folklore of Finnish paganism , of which a modern revival is practiced by a small percentage of the Finnish people . It has many features shared with fellow Finnic Estonian mythology and its non-Finnic neighbours , the Balts and the Scandinavians . Some of their myths are also distantly related to the myths of other Finno-Ugric speakers like the Samis .   Finnish mythology survived within an oral tradition of mythical poem-singing and folklore well into the 19th century .   Although the gradual influence of surrounding cultures raised the significance of the sky-god in a monolatristic manner , the father god `` Ukko '' ( Old Man ) was originally just a nature spirit like all the others . Of the animals , the most sacred was the bear , whose real name was never uttered out loud , lest his kind be unfavorable to the hunting . The bear ( `` karhu '' in Finnish ) was seen as the embodiment of the forefathers , and for this reason it was called by many circumlocutions : mesikämmen ( `` mead-paw '' ) , otso ( `` browed one '' ) , kontio ( `` dweller of the land '' ) , metsän kultaomena ( `` the golden apple of the forest '' ) but not a god .

neg: Fimafeng Fimafeng is a servant of Ægir in Norse mythology . His name means `` quick service '' or `` handy service . '' In the Lokasenna , Fimafeng and Eldir did a good job of welcoming guests to a feast for the Æsir being hosted by Ægir . Loki was jealous of the praise being heaped upon them and killed Fimafeng . This caused the Norse gods to expel Loki from the party . Loki returns to the party and offers an elaborate series of insults ( flyting ) of the gods .   Category : Servants in Norse mythology