query: FC Barcelona has won European titles in soccer in international club football.

pos: FC Barcelona Futbol Club Barcelona ( -LSB- fubˈbɔɫ ˈkɫub bərsəˈɫonə -RSB- ) , commonly known as Barcelona and familiarly as Barça , is a professional football club based in Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain .   Founded in 1899 by a group of Swiss , English and Catalan footballers led by Joan Gamper , the club has become a symbol of Catalan culture and Catalanism , hence the motto `` Més que un club '' ( `` More than a club '' ) . Unlike many other football clubs , the supporters own and operate Barcelona . It is the second most valuable sports team in the world , worth $ 3.56 billion , and the world 's second richest football club in terms of revenue , with an annual turnover of $ 560.8 million . The official Barcelona anthem is the `` Cant del Barça '' , written by Jaume Picas and Josep Maria Espinàs .   Domestically , Barcelona has won 24 La Liga , 29 Copa del Rey , 12 Supercopa de España , 3 Copa Eva Duarte and 2 Copa de la Liga trophies , as well as being the record holder for the latter four competitions . In international club football , Barcelona has won twenty European and World titles -- four UEFA Champions League titles and one European Cup , a record four UEFA Cup Winners ' Cup , a shared record five UEFA Super Cup , a record three Inter-Cities Fairs Cup and a record three FIFA Club World Cup . Barcelona was ranked first in the IFFHS Club World Ranking for 1997 , 2009 , 2011 , 2012 and 2015 and currently occupies the third position on the UEFA club rankings . The club has a long-standing rivalry with Real Madrid ; matches between the two teams are referred to as El Clásico .   Barcelona is one of the most widely supported teams in the world , and the club has the largest social media following in the world among sports teams . Barcelona players have won a record number of Ballon d'Or awards ( 11 ) , with recipients including Johan Cruyff , as well as a record number of FIFA World Player of the Year awards ( 7 ) , with winners including Ronaldo , Romário and Ronaldinho . In 2010 , three players who came through the club 's youth academy ( Lionel Messi , Andrés Iniesta and Xavi ) were chosen as the three best players in the world in the FIFA Ballon d'Or awards , an unprecedented feat for players from the same football school .   Barcelona is one of three founding members of the Primera División that have never been relegated from the top division , along with Athletic Bilbao and Real Madrid . In 2009 , Barcelona became the first Spanish club to win the continental treble consisting of La Liga , Copa del Rey , and the UEFA Champions League , and also became the first football club to win six out of six competitions in a single year , completing the sextuple in also winning the Spanish Super Cup , UEFA Super Cup and FIFA Club World Cup . In 2011 , the club became European champions again and won five trophies . This Barcelona team , which won 14 trophies in just 4 years under Pep Guardiola , is considered by some in the sport to be the greatest team of all time . By winning their fifth Champions League trophy on 6 June 2015 , Barcelona became the first European club in history to achieve the continental treble twice .

neg: History of FC Bayern Munich FC Bayern Munich is a German sports club based in Munich , Bavaria . It is best known for its professional football team , which plays in the Bundesliga , the top tier of the German football league system , and is the most successful club in German football history , having won a record 26 national titles and 18 national cups .   Founded in 1900 by eleven football players led by Franz John , the club had its period of greatest success in the middle of the 1970s when , under the captaincy of Franz Beckenbauer , it won the European Cup three times in a row ( 1974 -- 76 ) . Overall , Bayern has reached ten European Cup/UEFA Champions League finals , most recently winning their fifth title in 2013 as part of a continental treble . Bayern has also won one UEFA Cup , one European Cup Winners ' Cup , one UEFA Super Cup , one FIFA Club World Cup and two Intercontinental Cups , making it one of the most successful European clubs internationally . Since the formation of the Bundesliga , Bayern has been the dominant club in German football with 26 titles and has won 8 of the last 12 titles .

neg: 2008–09 Manchester United F.C. season The 2008 -- 09 season was Manchester United 's 17th season in the Premier League , and their 34th consecutive season in the top division of English football . After winning a third consecutive Premier League title for the second time to equal Liverpool 's record of 18 league titles , the team aimed to become the first team to retain the European Cup since Milan in 1990 . However , they were beaten 2 -- 0 by Barcelona in the final at the Stadio Olimpico in Rome on 27 May 2009 .   United started their season in August 2008 by winning the Community Shield . In December 2008 , the club became the first English side to win the FIFA Club World Cup when they beat LDU Quito 1 -- 0 in the final . Two months later , on 1 March 2009 , the club added the 2008 -- 09 League Cup to their trophy cabinet with a 4 -- 1 penalty shootout win over Tottenham Hotspur after a goalless 120 minutes in the final .   United secured a third consecutive Premier League with a goalless draw at home to Arsenal on 16 May 2009 . This made them the first team ever to win three consecutive English top flight titles on two separate occasions , having previously done so between 1999 and 2001 .

neg: 2016–17 RCD Espanyol season Reial Club Deportiu Espanyol de Barcelona ( Catalan pronunciation : -LSB- rəˈjaɫ ˈkɫub dəpurˈtiw əspəˈɲɔɫ də βərsəˈɫonə -RSB- ; Royal Spanish Sports Club of Barcelona ) , commonly known as RCD Espanyol , or simply as Espanyol , is a professional sports club based in Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain.During the 2016/17 campaign they will be competing in the following competitions : La Liga , Copa del Rey .

neg: 1958–59 FC Barcelona season The 1958 -- 59 season was the 60th season for FC Barcelona .

neg: 1979 European Super Cup The 1979 European Super Cup was played between Nottingham Forest and Barcelona , with Nottingham Forest winning 2 -- 1 on aggregate .

neg: Celtic F.C. in European football Celtic Football Club is a Scottish football club based in Glasgow , which has regularly taken part in European competitions since its first appearance in the 1962 -- 63 Inter-Cities Fairs Cup . Since then , the club has competed in every UEFA organised competition , with the exception of the now defunct Intertoto Cup .   The club became the first British team and only Scottish team to win the European Cup , by beating Inter Milan in the 1967 final . The team that defeated Inter at the final held at the Estádio Nacional in Lisbon have since become known as `` The Lisbon Lions '' . During the 1960s , Celtic also twice reached the semi-finals of the European Cup Winners ' Cup before reaching a further European Cup final in 1970 where they lost 2 -- 1 to Feyenoord after extra-time , and then two further European Cup semi-finals in 1972 and 1974 .   In more recent years , Celtic reached the 2003 UEFA Cup Final in Seville , which they lost 3 -- 2 after extra time to Porto , and also reached the last 16 of the Champions League on three occasions in the 2006 -- 07 , 2007 -- 08 and 2012 -- 13 seasons . The 2016 -- 17 season competing in the Champions League saw Celtic participating in its 53rd European campaign .   Scott Brown , Celtic 's current captain , holds the club record for the most appearances , playing in 75 matches . Henrik Larsson , who scored twice in the 2003 UEFA Cup Final , is the club 's record goalscorer , with 35 goals .

neg: 2013 FIFA Club World Cup The 2013 FIFA Club World Cup ( officially known as the FIFA Club World Cup Morocco 2013 presented by Toyota for sponsorship reasons ) was the 10th edition of the FIFA Club World Cup , a FIFA-organised international club football tournament between the champion clubs from each of the six continental confederations , as well as the national league champion from the host country . It was hosted by Morocco , and played from 11 to 21 December 2013 .   Bayern Munich won the title for the first time after defeating Raja Casablanca 2 -- 0 in the final .

neg: Jordi Cruyff Johan Jordi Cruijff ( -LSB- ˈjoːɦɑn ˈjɔrdi krœyf -RSB- , anglicised to Cruyff ; born 9 February 1974 ) is a Dutch former footballer . Cruyff is currently Maccabi Tel Aviv 's sports director , a position he previously held at AEK Larnaca . He is the son of Dutch former player and manager Johan Cruyff . Cruyff was also Maccabi Tel Aviv 's interim manager between January and February 2017 .   Under his stewardship as Maccabi Tel Aviv 's sports director , the club has enjoyed a successful period , becoming a dominant force in Israeli football . The team won consecutive league titles from 2012-2015 , as well as regularly qualifying for the Europa League and Champions League .   As a footballer , he played from 1992 through to 2010 , his list of clubs include Barcelona and Manchester United . He earned nine caps for the Netherlands national football team , playing at UEFA Euro 1996 .   Jordi played mainly as an attacking midfielder , although he could also perform as a second striker . In his later years , notably with Metalurh Donetsk , he also played as a centre back . After starting his career with Barcelona and playing for the Netherlands aged 22 , Cruyff 's career stalled while at Manchester United , as he appeared just 36 times in the league over four years due largely to injuries . His most successful period was arguably with Deportivo Alavés , whom he led to the 2001 UEFA Cup Final . He also played for Celta Vigo , RCD Espanyol and finished his playing career with Valletta in the Maltese Premier League .

neg: UEFA Euro 2016 The 2016 UEFA European Championship , commonly referred to as UEFA Euro 2016 or simply Euro 2016 , was the 15th UEFA European Championship , the quadrennial international men 's football championship of Europe organised by UEFA . It was held in France from 10 June to 10 July 2016 . Spain were the two-time defending champions , having won the 2008 and 2012 tournaments , but were eliminated in the round of 16 by Italy . Portugal won the tournament for the first time , following a 1 -- 0 victory after extra time over the host team , France , in the final played at the Stade de France .   For the first time , the European Championship final tournament was contested by 24 teams , having been expanded from the 16-team format used since 1996 . Under the new format , the finalists contested a group stage consisting of six groups of four teams , followed by a knockout phase including three rounds and the final . Nineteen teams -- the top two from each of the nine qualifying groups and the best third-placed team -- joined France in the final tournament , who qualified automatically as hosts ; a series of two-legged play-off ties between the remaining third-placed teams in November 2015 decided the last four finalist spots .   France was chosen as the host nation on 28 May 2010 , after a bidding process in which they beat Italy and Turkey for the right to host the 2016 finals . The matches were played in ten stadiums in ten cities : Bordeaux , Lens , Lille Métropole , Décines-Charpieu , Marseille , Nice , Paris , Saint-Denis , Saint-Étienne , and Toulouse . It was the third time that France hosted the finals , after the inaugural tournament in 1960 and the 1984 finals .   As the winners , Portugal earned the right to compete at the 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup in Russia .

neg: 1936–37 FC Barcelona season The 1936 -- 37 season was the 38th season for FC Barcelona .

neg: Samuel Umtiti Samuel Yves Umtiti ( -LSB- sa.mɥɛl ym.ti.ti -RSB- ; born 14 November 1993 ) is a French professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Spanish club FC Barcelona and the France national team .   He began his professional career with Lyon in 2012 , winning the Coupe de France and Trophée des Champions that year . He totalled 170 games and three goals before a $ 25 million transfer to Barcelona in 2016 .   After winning 47 caps and scoring three goals at youth level , including winning the 2013 FIFA U-20 World Cup , Umtiti represented France at UEFA Euro 2016 , where his nation reached the final .

neg: UEFA The Union of European Football Associations ( UEFA , -LSB- juːˈeɪfə -RSB- Union des Associations Européennes de Football ) Vereinigung Europäischer Fußballverbände ) is the administrative body for association football in Europe , although several member states are primarily or entirely located in Asia . It is one of six continental confederations of world football 's governing body FIFA . UEFA consists of 55 national association members .   UEFA represents the national football associations of Europe , runs nation and club competitions including the UEFA European Championship , UEFA Champions League , UEFA Europa League , and UEFA Super Cup , and controls the prize money , regulations , and media rights to those competitions .   Until 1959 the main headquarters were located in Paris , and later in Bern . In 1995 , UEFA headquarters were transferred to Nyon , Switzerland . Henri Delaunay was the first general secretary and Ebbe Schwartz the first president . The current president is Aleksander Čeferin , a former Football Association of Slovenia president , who was elected as UEFA 's seventh president at the 12th Extraordinary UEFA Congress in Athens in September 2016 , and automatically became a vice-president of the world body FIFA .

neg: 1929–30 FC Barcelona season The 1929 -- 30 season is FC Barcelona 's 31st in existence , and was their second year in the Primera División , and covers the period from 1929-08-01 to 1930-07-31 .   FC Barcelona won the Catalan League for the 16th time , their only title in the season .

neg: 2017–18 FC Barcelona season The 2017 -- 18 season is Football Club Barcelona 's 118th in existence and the club 's 87th consecutive season in the top flight of Spanish football .

neg: History of FC Barcelona The history of Futbol Club Barcelona goes from the football club 's founding in 1899 and up to current time . FC Barcelona , also known simply as Barcelona and familiarly as Barça , is based in Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain . The team was founded in 1899 by a group of Swiss , English and Spanish footballers led by Joan Gamper . The club played amateur football until 1910 in various regional competitions . In 1910 , the club participated in their first of many European competitions , and has since amassed ten UEFA trophies and a sextuple . In 1928 , Barcelona co-founded La Liga , the top-tier in Spanish football , along with a string of other clubs . As of 2016 , Barcelona has never been relegated from La Liga , a record they share with Athletic Bilbao and arch-rival Real Madrid .   The history of super Barcelona has often been political . Though it is a club created and run by foreigners , Barcelona gradually became a club associated with Catalan values . In Spain 's transition to autocracy in 1925 , Catalonia became increasingly hostile towards the central government in Madrid . The hostility enhanced Barcelona 's image as a focal point for Catalonism , and when Francisco Franco banned the use of the Catalan language , the stadium of Barcelona became one of the few places the people could express their dissatisfaction . The Spanish transition to democracy in 1978 has not dampened the club 's image of Catalan pride . In the 2000s -- a period of sporting success in the club and an increased focus on Catalan players -- club officials have openly called for Catalonia to become an independent state .

neg: Germany national football team The Germany national football team ( Die deutsche Fußballnationalmannschaft or just Die Mannschaft ) is the men 's football team that has represented Germany in international competition since 1908 . It is governed by the German Football Association ( Deutscher Fußball-Bund ) , founded in 1900 . Ever since the DFB was reinaugurated in 1949 the team has represented the Federal Republic of Germany . Under Allied occupation and division , two other separate national teams were also recognised by FIFA : the Saarland team representing the Saarland ( 1950 -- 1956 ) and the East German team representing the German Democratic Republic ( 1952 -- 1990 ) . Both have been absorbed along with their records by the current national team . The official name and code `` Germany FR ( FRG ) '' was shortened to `` Germany ( GER ) '' following the reunification in 1990 .   Germany is one of the most successful national teams in international competitions , having won a total of four World Cups ( 1954 , 1974 , 1990 , 2014 ) and three European Championships ( 1972 , 1980 , 1996 ) . They have also been runners-up three times in the European Championships , four times in the World Cup , and a further four third-place finishes at World Cups . East Germany won Olympic Gold in 1976 . Germany is the only nation to have won both the men 's and women 's World Cups . At the end of the 2014 FIFA World Cup , Germany earned the highest Elo rating of any national football team in history , with a record 2200 points . Germany is also the only European nation that has won a FIFA World Cup in the Americas . The current manager of the national team is Joachim Löw .

neg: 1963–64 European Cup The 1963 -- 64 season of the European Cup club football tournament  saw Internazionale win the title with a 3 -- 1 victory over Real Madrid . It was the second consecutive season that an Italian team had won the competition .   Milan , the defending champions , were eliminated by Real Madrid in the quarter-finals .   Cyprus entered its champion for the first time this season .

neg: Barcelona Esporte Clube Barcelona Esporte Clube , commonly known as Barcelona , is a Brazilian football club based in Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro state .

neg: 1988–89 European Cup The 1988 -- 89 European Cup was the 34th season of the European Cup football club tournament . The competition was won for the first time since 1969 , and third time overall , by Milan comfortably in the final against former winners Steaua București .   PSV Eindhoven , the defending champions , were eliminated by Real Madrid in the quarter-finals .

neg: Barcelona Dragons The Barcelona Dragons were a team originally in the World League of American Football and later in the resurrected NFL Europe . Their home field in Barcelona was the Estadi Olímpic de Montjuic , the 1992 Olympic Stadium , and later the Mini Estadi . The Dragons were successful on the field , making it to 4 World Bowls ( 1991 , 1997 , 1999 , 2001 ) and winning World Bowl V in 1997 . The team was made part of the FC Barcelona organization in 2002 as the FC Barcelona Dragons . Despite these efforts , the franchise 's fan support decreased and the team began to struggle financially . After the 2003 season , the Dragons were discontinued and they were replaced in the league by the Cologne Centurions .   For the entire duration of the Dragons ' history they had only one head coach , `` Cowboy '' Jack Bicknell . His nickname was roughly translated by his adoptive city to El Caballero ( meaning , literally , `` The Knight '' or `` The Gentleman '' in Spanish ) . From 1991 -- 2002 , Seymour `` Red '' Kelin was responsible for Defensive Coordinating duties . Bicknell and Kelin had been coaching together since their days at Boston College , where they helped lead the Eagles to a Cotton Bowl Classic victory in 1984 .


query: Cory Monteith played Finn Hudson in Glee.

pos: Cory Monteith Cory Allan Michael Monteith ( -LSB- mɒnˈtiːθ -RSB- May 11 , 1982 July 13 , 2013 ) was a Canadian actor and musician , known for his role as Finn Hudson on the Fox television series Glee .   As an actor based in British Columbia , Monteith had minor roles on television series before an audition tape of him singing `` Ca n't Fight This Feeling '' resulted in him being cast on Glee . Following his success on Glee , Monteith 's film work included the movie Monte Carlo and a starring role in Sisters & Brothers .   Monteith had a troubled adolescence involving substance abuse from age 13 ; he left school at age 16 . After an intervention by family and friends he entered drug rehabilitation at age 19 . In a 2011 interview with Parade magazine , he discussed his history of substance abuse as a teen , and in March 2013 , he again sought treatment for addiction . On July 13 , 2013 , he died of a toxic combination of heroin and alcohol in a Vancouver hotel room .

neg: Kyle Dean Massey Kyle Dean Massey ( born November 17 , 1981 ) is an American actor , known for his roles in the Broadway musicals Wicked , Pippin and Next to Normal . He currently plays the recurring role of openly gay country music songwriter Kevin Bicks on the ABC ( now CMT ) musical drama series Nashville .

neg: Ian Brennan (writer) Ian Brennan ( born April 23 , 1978 ) is a television writer , actor , producer and director . He is best known for his work on the American television shows Glee and Scream Queens .

neg: Movin' Out (Glee) `` Movin ' Out '' is the sixth episode of the fifth season of the American musical television series Glee , and the ninety-fourth episode overall . It was written by Roberto Aguirre-Sacasa  and directed by Brad Falchuk , and it aired on Fox in the United States on November 21 , 2013 . The episode is a tribute to the music of Billy Joel , and features seven of his songs . The episode features special guest star Tyra Banks as Bichette , the head of a modeling agency .

neg: Glee, Actually `` Glee , Actually '' is the tenth episode of the fourth season of the American musical television series Glee , and the seventy-sixth episode overall as well as the show 's third Christmas-themed episode . Written by Matthew Hodgson and directed by Adam Shankman , it aired on Fox in the United States on December 13 , 2012 .   The episode garnered mixed reviews from critics ; and was watched by 5.26 million viewers , receiving an 18-49 rating of 2.0 .

neg: As If We Never Said Goodbye `` As If We Never Said Goodbye '' is a song from the musical Sunset Boulevard . It is written by Don Black , Christopher Hampton ( with additional lyrics by Amy Powers ) , and Andrew Lloyd Webber . Ben Rimalower on Playbill calls it Andrew Lloyd Webber 's greatest song .   In Sunset Boulevard , the main character , Norma Desmond , reveals her longing to return to the spotlight of fame .   The song has also been performed by Barbra Streisand , and is featured on her album Back to Broadway , as well as the live albums The Concert and Back to Brooklyn .   Elaine Paige , who starred in the original London and Broadway productions of Sunset Boulevard , also recorded the song for her album Encore .   Chris Colfer ( as Kurt Hummel ) sings the song on the Glee Season 2 episode `` Born This Way '' .

neg: Ally McBeal Ally McBeal is an American legal comedy-drama television series , originally aired on Fox from September 8 , 1997 to May 20 , 2002 . Created by David E. Kelley , the series stars Calista Flockhart in the title role as a young lawyer working in the fictional Boston law firm Cage and Fish , with other young lawyers whose lives and loves were eccentric , humorous and dramatic . The series received critical acclaim in its early seasons , winning the Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series -- Musical or Comedy in 1997 and 1998 , and also winning the Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series in 1999 .

neg: Gleeden Gleeden is a French online dating community and social networking service primarily marketed to women , specifically those who are already in a relationship . In 2009 , the site was launched in France . More than 65 % of users reside in the European Union . The company serves as a secure dating service open to all genders and to practitioners of all lifestyles .   Gleeden 's membership service is free for women to use . The name of the site is a portmanteau of `` Glee '' and `` Eden '' ( referring to the biblical `` Garden of Eden '' ) .   The site has more than 2 million members . According to Alexa.org , reports show that most Gleeden members have completed graduate school .

neg: Let Me Be Your Star `` Let Me Be Your Star '' is an original song introduced in the first episode of the first season of the musical TV series Smash , entitled Pilot . It was written by Marc Shaiman and Scott Wittman , but in the show 's universe , it was written by songwriting duo Tom Levitt ( Christian Borle ) and Julia Houston ( Debra Messing ) for the Marilyn Monroe musical they are working on , Bombshell .   In the first episode , the song is performed by characters Karen Cartwright ( Katharine McPhee ) and Ivy Lynn ( Megan Hilty ) as they each prepare for and then audition for the role of Marilyn in front the production team .   The song has since been reprised numerous times in various episodes , both as solos and duets . For the first season , it was also sung by Karen and Ivy in the second episode `` The Callback '' and the seventh episode `` The Workshop '' , by Ivy in the sixth episode `` Chemistry '' , and by Rebecca Duvall ( Uma Thurman ) in the eleventh episode `` The Movie Star '' and the fourteenth episode `` Previews '' . In the second season , it was reprised by Karen and several female members of the Bombshell ensemble in the first episode `` On Broadway '' , and by Ivy in the eighth episode `` The Bells and Whistles '' and the eleventh episode `` The Dress Rehearsal '' .   The song was originally released as a single to digital music retailers and is available on the cast albums The Music of Smash and Bombshell ( the latter with an extended intro not heard on the show ) , with McPhee and Hilty 's vocals from the `` Pilot '' episode .   The song has sold 48,000 digital downloads as of April 13 , 2012 .

neg: A Boy in a Tree `` A Boy in a Tree '' is the third episode of the first season of the television series , Bones . Originally aired on September 27 , 2005 on Fox network , the episode is written by Hart Hanson and directed by Patrick Norris . The plot features FBI Special Agent Seeley Booth and Dr. Temperance Brennan 's investigation of a teenage boy 's remains found inside an exclusive private school .

neg: Timothée Chalamet Timothée Chalamet ( -LSB- ˈtɪməθi_ˈʃæləmeɪ -RSB- born December 26 , 1995 ) is an American actor . He is known for playing Finn Walden in the drama series Homeland . In 2014 , he appeared in the films Men , Women & Children and Interstellar . He also had roles on the television series Law & Order and Royal Pains , and in the television film Loving Leah . In 2017 , he stars in the romance drama Call Me by Your Name .

neg: The Glee Club The Glee Club is a small chain of independent live stand-up comedy and live music venues in the UK .   The first Glee Club was opened by Mark Tughan in Birmingham 's Chinese Quarter in 1994 , the first dedicated comedy club to open in the United Kingdom outside London .   Refurbished in 2001 the Birmingham venue has two event spaces : a 420-seat main auditorium and a 150-seat studio theatre .   A second branch opened in Cardiff in 2001 and is located in the Mermaid Quay development in Cardiff Bay . It has a seated capacity of 440 and a standing capacity of 600 . ITV Wales broadcast a series of eight stand up shows from the venue in 2006 . The Cardiff venue has won the Chortle Award for best venue ( Wales and West ) eight times since the awards began in 2002 .   A third club opened in Oxford in April 2010 .   A fourth , two room club opened in Nottingham in September 2010 . It is attached to a café bar called Café Glee .   In 2014 a High Court judge ruled that the TV show Glee ` diluted and tarnished ' the reputation of The Glee Club comedy chain .   In 2014 The Glee Club won the Best Comedy Club award at the Midlands Comedy Awards .

neg: Child Star (Glee) `` Child Star '' is the ninth episode of the sixth season of the American musical television series Glee , and the 117th overall . The episode was written by Ned Martel , directed by supervising producer Michael Hitchcock , and first aired on February 27 , 2015 on Fox in the United States .   The episode takes place as New Directions are hired by a young boy to perform at his bar mitzvah party , but he turns out to cause all sorts of problems . Meanwhile , Mason McCarthy is developing feelings for Jane Hayward but runs into issues with his sister Madison McCarthy , and Roderick helps Spencer Porter to begin a new relationship .

neg: Boy Meets World Boy Meets World is an American television sitcom that chronicles the coming-of-age events and everyday life-lessons of Cory Matthews ( portrayed by Ben Savage ) . The show follows Cory and his friends and family through seven seasons , from his middle school days as a pre-pubescent child to his life in college as a married man . The show aired from 1993 to 2000 on ABC , part of the network 's TGIF lineup . The entire series has since been released on DVD , as well as on iTunes . A sequel titled Girl Meets World , focusing on Cory and Topanga and their teen daughter Riley , ran on Disney Channel from June 27 , 2014 to January 20 , 2017 .

neg: A Katy or a Gaga `` A Katy or a Gaga '' is the fourth episode of the fifth season of the American musical television series Glee , and the ninety-second episode overall . It was written by executive producers Russel Friend & Garrett Lerner , and directed by co-creator Ian Brennan , and it aired on Fox in the United States on November 7 , 2013 . The episode features the music of Katy Perry and Lady Gaga , the debut of guest star Adam Lambert as Elliott `` Starchild '' Gilbert , and the return of special guest star Demi Lovato as Dani , Santana 's ( Naya Rivera ) girlfriend .   In this episode , the glee club is challenged to perform music from either Katy Perry or Lady Gaga , whichever performer they have the least affinity for , to stretch their boundaries . Kurt decides to form a band , and is resistant to the idea that he should include Starchild in it following a highly flamboyant yet excellent audition .   The episode was watched by 4.01 million viewers , and received mixed reviews from critics .

neg: Choke (Glee) `` Choke '' is the eighteenth episode of the third season of the American musical television series Glee , and the sixty-second overall . Written by Marti Noxon and directed by Michael Uppendahl , the episode aired on Fox in the United States on May 1 , 2012 , and features the first appearance of special guest star Whoopi Goldberg as Carmen Tibideaux , Dean of the New York Academy of Dramatic Arts ( NYADA ) , and the introduction of Puck 's father ( Thomas Calabro ) .   Upon its initial airing , Choke attracted 6.01 million American viewers and received a 2.5 / 8 Nielsen rating/share in the 18 -- 49 demographic , down significantly from the 2.7 / 8 rating/share and 6.90 million viewers of the previous episode , `` Dance with Somebody '' , which was broadcast a week before .

neg: Pretending (Glee song) Pretending is an original song from the second season of the American musical comedy-drama Glee , entitled New York . The episode included two other original songs : `` As Long as You 're There '' and `` Light Up the World . the song was featured on the show 's Volume 6 soundtrack .   The song was written by Adam Anders , Peer Astrom and Shelly Peiken .

neg: Prom Queen (Glee) `` Prom Queen '' is the twentieth episode of the second season of the American musical television series Glee , and the forty-second overall . It aired May 10 , 2011 on Fox in the United States . The episode was written by series creator Ian Brennan , directed by Eric Stoltz , and featured the return of guest star Jonathan Groff . In `` Prom Queen '' , the McKinley High School glee club New Directions is tapped to provide the music for the school 's junior prom . The episode shows the myriad dramas surrounding a high school prom , with the high-stakes race for prom king and queen that involves five members of the glee club , students scrambling to find dates and outfits , and the delights and disappointments of the prom itself .   Upon its initial airing , this episode was viewed by 9.29 million American viewers and garnered a 3.7 / 11 Nielsen rating/share in the 18 -- 49 demographic . The total viewership was up slightly from the previous episode , `` Rumours '' . The episode received mixed reviews , which generally favored the final segment with the prom king and queen denouement over the earlier portions of the show . The music , however , was mostly received with enthusiasm , and special praise was given to the pre-prom renditions of `` Rolling in the Deep '' and `` Is n't She Lovely '' . Six songs were covered , all of which were released as singles and charted on the Billboard Hot 100 .

neg: Glee: The Music, Volume 7 Glee : The Music , Volume 7 is the eleventh soundtrack album by the cast of the American musical television series Glee . It was released by Columbia Records on December 6 , 2011 .

neg: Britney/Brittany `` Britney/Brittany '' is the second episode of the second season of the American television series Glee , and the twenty-fourth episode overall . Written and directed by series creator Ryan Murphy , it premiered on the Fox network on September 28 , 2010 , and pays tribute to Britney Spears . Glee club member Brittany S. Pierce ( Heather Morris ) experiences an anesthesia-induced hallucination in which she recreates iconic Spears moments , and comes to self-realization , and several club members follow suit . Co-captains Rachel ( Lea Michele ) and Finn ( Cory Monteith ) experience difficulties in their relationship , and club director Will Schuester ( Matthew Morrison ) becomes jealous of guidance counselor Emma Pillsbury 's ( Jayma Mays ) new boyfriend , Dr. Carl Howell ( John Stamos ) .   Following the first season episode `` The Power of Madonna '' , which served as an homage to Madonna , Murphy planned two tribute episodes for Glee second season , of which `` Britney/Brittany '' is the first . He was approached by Spears about using her songs , and deemed her one of the most important female musicians of the decade , having inspired many of the show 's young cast to pursue musical careers . Spears makes several cameos in the episode , appearing in the students ' dream sequences . `` Britney/Brittany '' was also intended as a showcase for Morris , whose character was originally a background character on the show , but was promoted to a series regular after her character proved to be a fan favorite .   The episode features seven musical performances , six of which were released as singles . It was watched by 13.51 million American viewers , Glee third largest audience ever , and attracted mixed reviews from critics . ToddVanDerWerff of The A.V. Club criticized its slightness of plot and incongruous musical numbers ; however , James Poniewozik of Time praised the episode for embracing its fantasy nature . Entertainment Weekly Tim Stack was dismayed by the close recreations of Spears videos , preferring Glee more original interpretations of its cover versions , yet MTV 's Aly Semigran felt that the performance of `` I 'm a Slave 4 U '' was one of the best sequences in the show 's history . Michele 's rendition of '' ... Baby One More Time '' attracted negative reviews , though her performance of Paramore 's `` The Only Exception '' was generally well received . Spears ' cameo received mixed reviews , with even those critics who received it favorably expressing relief that she did not appear for longer . Morris ' performance attracted critical praise , particularly for her dancing skills .

neg: Dance with Somebody (Glee) `` Dance with Somebody '' is the seventeenth episode of the third season of the American musical television series Glee , and the sixty-first overall . Written by Ross Maxwell and directed by Paris Barclay , the episode aired on Fox in the United States on April 24 , 2012 . It is a special tribute episode to Whitney Houston , who died ten weeks earlier ( February 11 ) , and features seven of her songs .   Upon its initial airing , this episode attracted 6.90 million American viewers and received a 2.7 / 8 Nielsen rating/share in the 18 -- 49 demographic , an increase of over 10 % from the 2.4 / 7 rating/share and 6.23 million viewers of the previous episode , `` Saturday Night Glee-ver '' , which was broadcast on April 17 , 2012 .


query: Margaret Atwood published books of poetry.

pos: Margaret Atwood Margaret Eleanor Atwood , ( born November 18 , 1939 ) is a Canadian poet , novelist , literary critic , essayist , and environmental activist . She is a winner of the Arthur C. Clarke Award and Prince of Asturias Award for Literature , has been shortlisted for the Booker Prize five times , winning once , and has been a finalist for the Governor General 's Award several times , winning twice . In 2001 , she was inducted into Canada 's Walk of Fame . She is also a founder of the Writers ' Trust of Canada , a non-profit literary organization that seeks to encourage Canada 's writing community . Among innumerable contributions to Canadian literature , she was a founding trustee of the Griffin Poetry Prize .   Atwood is also the inventor , and developer , of the LongPen and associated technologies that facilitate the remote robotic writing of documents . She is the Co-Founder and a Director of Syngrafii Inc. ( formerly Unotchit Inc. ) , a company that she started in 2004 to develop , produce and distribute the LongPen technology . She holds various patents related to the LongPen technologies .   While she is best known for her work as a novelist , she has also published fifteen books of poetry .  Many of her poems have been inspired by myths and fairy tales , which have been interests of hers from an early age . Atwood has published short stories in Tamarack Review , Alphabet , Harper 's , CBC Anthology , Ms. , Saturday Night , and many other magazines . She has also published four collections of stories and three collections of unclassifiable short prose works .

neg: Cairo poets The British Army presence in Egypt in World War II had , as a side effect , the concentration of a group of Cairo poets . There had been a noticeable literary group in Cairo before the war in North Africa broke out , including university academics . Possibly as a reflection of that , there were two strands of literary activity and publication during the years 1942 -- 1944 . There was the Personal Landscape group centred on the publication of that name , founded by Lawrence Durrell , Robin Fedden and Bernard Spencer . There was also the Salamander group , which produced a magazine and the Oasis series of anthologies . To oversimplify , the first group produced poetic reputations , while the second , founded by servicemen , broadcast appeals and collected an archive of 17,000 poems written at the period .   Poets such as Terence Tiller and G. S. Fraser had a foot in both camps . Keith Douglas , the iconic war poet , was associated with the Personal Landscape group . Alan Rook , John Gawsworth and John Waller published in Salamander .   Several of the Cairo poets appeared in the ` Poets in Uniform ' issue of Tambimuttu 's Poetry London early in 1941 .   An English literary presence persisted after the war , in the persons of P. H. Newby , Robert Liddell , Denys Johnson-Davies , Hilary Corke and D. J. Enright .

neg: Athol Williams Athol Williams ( born 20 June 1970 ) is an award-winning South African poet and social philosopher . From 2009 to 2014 , Williams published his poetry under the pseudonym AE Ballakisten .

neg: Kiran Millwood Hargrave Kiran Millwood Hargrave is a poet , playwright and novelist . She was born in London on 29 March 1990 , and started writing for publication in 2009 . In 2014 , her debut novel `` The Girl Of Ink and Stars '' aka The Cartographer 's Daughter was bought as part of a six-figure , two-book deal by Knopf Random House ( US ) , and Chicken House Scholastic ( rest-of-world ) . It was published in May 2016 in the UK , where it was Waterstones Children 's Book of the Month and an instant bestseller , entering its fourth reprinting within three months of release . The US release is scheduled for November 2016 . It has sold to over a dozen territories around the world .   Hargrave 's poetry has appeared internationally in journals such as Magma , Room , Agenda , Shearsman , The Irish Literary Review and Orbis . In 2013 , Neil Astley judged her poem ` Grace ' winner of the Yeovil Literary Prize . This poem appears in her third collection , Splitfish ( Gatehouse Press , 2013 ) . Her first piece as a playwright , about human trafficking , was entitled `` BOAT '' , and first dramatized in October 2015 by PIGDOG theatre company at Theatre N16 in Balham . It opened to five star reviews , with CultureFly calling it ` the most compelling and urgent piece of theatre you will see this year . '   Hargrave graduated from Cambridge University in 2011 , Oxford University in 2014 , and currently lives in Oxford with her fiancé , the visual artist Tom de Freston .

neg: Clare Atwood Clare ` Tony ' Atwood ( 11 May 1866 -- 2 August 1962 ) was a British painter of portraits , still life , landscapes , interiors and decorative flower subjects . Atwood lived in a ménage à trois with the dramatist Christabel Marshall and the actress , theatre director , producer and costume designer Edith Craig from 1916 until Craig 's death in 1947 .

neg: The Ascent of F6 The Ascent of F6 : A Tragedy in Two Acts , by W. H. Auden and Christopher Isherwood , was the second and most successful play in the Auden-Isherwood collaboration , first published in 1936 . It was a major contribution to English poetic drama in the 1930s .

neg: Confessional poetry Confessional poetry or Confessionalism is a style of poetry that emerged in the United States during the 1950s . It has been described as poetry `` of the personal '' , focusing on extreme moments of individual experience , the psyche , and personal trauma , including previously and occasionally still taboo matters such as mental illness , sexuality , and suicide , often set in relation to broader social themes . It is sometimes also classified as Postmodernism .   The school of `` Confessional poetry '' was associated with several poets who redefined American poetry in the 1950s and 1960s , including Robert Lowell , Sylvia Plath , John Berryman , Anne Sexton , Allen Ginsberg , and W. D. Snodgrass .

neg: Southmost Twelve Southmost Twelve ( 1962 ) is the fifth poetry collection by Australian poet Robert D. Fitzgerald . It won the Grace Leven Prize for Poetry in 1962 .   The collection consists of 32 poems , all except three of which were previously published in various Australian poetry and general magazines . Its major poem is `` The Wind at Your Door '' which had only been published previously as a limited edition volume in 1959 .

neg: The Wild Swans at Coole (poem) `` The Wild Swans at Coole '' is a lyric poem by the Irish poet William Butler Yeats ( 1865 -- 1939 ) . Written between 1916 and early 1917 , the poem was first published in the June 1917 issue of the Little Review , and became the title poem in the Yeats 's 1917 and 1919 collections The Wild Swans at Coole .   It was written during a period when Yeats was staying with his friend Lady Gregory at her home at Coole Park , and the assembled collection was dedicated to her son , Major Robert Gregory ( 1881 -- 1918 ) , a British airman lost during a friendly fire incident in World War I. Literary scholar Daniel Tobin writes that Yeats was melancholy and unhappy , reflecting on his advancing age , romantic rejections by both Maud Gonne and her daughter Iseult Gonne , and the ongoing Irish rebellion against the British . Tobin reflects that the poem is about the poet 's search for a lasting beauty in a changing world where beauty is mortal and temporary .

neg: The Atwood Stories The Atwood Stories was a Canadian television drama series , which aired on W in 2003 . A short-run dramatic anthology series produced by Shaftesbury Films , the series dramatized six short stories by Margaret Atwood .   The following year , Shaftesbury produced The Shields Stories , a similar series which dramatized six short stories by another Canadian writer , Carol Shields .

neg: Chiron Review Chiron Review is a literary journal based in St. John , Kansas . It was founded as The Kindred Spirit in February 1982 , by Michael Hathaway shortly after graduating high school and taking a job as typesetter at a local daily newspaper . In March , 1989 , the title was changed to Chiron Review .   Jane Hathaway served as assistant editor until her death on Feb. 20 , 2000 at age 63 . In March 1989 , Gerald Locklin became poetry editor and Rafael Zepeda became fiction editor . In September , 2003 , John Brantingham joined the staff as a second editor in fiction . In March , 2008 , Zachary Locklin joined as a second editor in poetry and resigned in 2015 . In 2014 , Wendy Rainey joined the staff as a poetry editor , and Sarah Daugherty as a fiction editor .   Chiron Review is printed in tabloid format with photos of featured poets . It is noted for publishing the widest possible range of contemporary creative writing . It is also known for fostering a sense of `` community '' in small press circles .   Chiron Review '' 's archives are collected by and housed at Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library at Yale University . The journal is indexed by Humanities Index International Complete , Averill Park , NY . Issues 18-81 were indexed by Index of American Periodical Verse.Chiron Review '' has published work by authors such as Charles Bukowski , William Stafford ( poet ) , Jan Kerouac , Marge Piercy , James Broughton , Edward Field , Elizabeth Swados , Antler ( poet ) , Richard Kostelanetz , Robert Peters , Leslea Newman , Lyn Lifshin , D.A. Levy , Charles Harper Webb , Erskine Caldwell , Wilma Elizabeth McDaniel , Janice Eidus , Denise Duhamel , Wanda Coleman , Charles Plymell , S.A. Griffin , Harry Northup , Hugh Fox , A.D. Winans , Nilda Cepero , Clifton Snider , Felice Picano , Will Inman , Quentin Crisp , Lorri Jackson , James Valvis and Tony Barnstone .

neg: The Road of Dreams The Road of Dreams is a book of poetry by crime writer Agatha Christie . It was published at her own expense by Geoffrey Bles in January 1925 priced at five shillings ( 5 / - ) . Only one edition of the 112-page volume was ever published and this was undated .   Christie wrote poetry for most of her life ; her first traceable published works are three poems from 1919 : World Hymn in The Poetry Review issue for March/April , Dark Sheila in Poetry Today issue for May/June and A Passing in the same journal for November/December . All three poems are reprinted in The Road of Dreams ( with the first under the slightly amended title of World Hymn , 1914 ) .   The book is divided into four sections :  A Masque from Italy  Ballads  Dreams and Fantasies  Other Poems   The final section includes a poem titled In a Dispensary which mentions many of the poisons that Christie would use in her long fictional career .

neg: List of Emily Dickinson poems This is a list of poems by Emily Dickinson . In addition to the list of first lines which link to the poems ' texts , the table notes each poem 's publication in several of the most significant editions of Dickinson 's poetry -- the `` manuscript books '' created by Dickinson herself but not published as such until 1981 ; the seven volumes of poetry published posthumously from 1890 to 1945 ; the cumulative collections of 1924 , 1930 , and 1937 ; and the scholarly editions of 1955 and 1998 . The entire table is sortable by clicking on the icons following the column headings .   Important publications which are not represented in the table include the 10 poems published ( anonymously ) during Dickinson 's lifetime ; and editions of her letters , published from 1894 on , which include some poems within their texts . In all these cases , the poem itself occurs in the list , but these specific publications of the poem are not noted .

neg: Goose Lane Editions Goose Lane Editions is a Canadian book publishing company founded in 1954 in Fredericton , New Brunswick as Fiddlehead Poetry Books by Fred Cogswell and a group of students and faculty from the University of New Brunswick associated with The Fiddlehead Magazine . After Cogswell retired in 1981 , his successor , Peter Thomas , changed the name to Goose Lane Editions . From 1989 to 1997 Douglas Lochhead was president of Goose Lane . It is now headed by publisher and co-owner Susanne Alexander . The Canada Council for the Arts says the publishing company `` has evolved to become one of Canada 's most exciting showcases of home-grown literary talent . ''   Publications from Goose Lane Editions include literary fiction , poetry , biographies , works of history , travel literature , outdoor travel guides and serious non-fiction , as well as fine art volumes that it often publishes in association with museums and galleries . Authors published by Goose Lane include Alden Nowlan , Nancy Bauer , Herb Curtis , Reg Balch , Lynn Coady , Alan Cumyn , Sheree Fitch , Kerry Clare , Jeffery Donaldson , Herménégilde Chiasson , Lynn Davies , Tammy Armstrong , Kathryn Kuitenbrower , Catherine Bush , Noah Richler , Jacques Poitras , Tamai Kobayashi , Douglas Glover whose novel Elle won the 2003 Governor General 's Award for English-language fiction , Joan Thomas whose novel Reading by Lightning won the 2009 Commonwealth Writers Prize for Best First Book ( Canada and the Caribbean ) , Riel Nason whose novel The Town That Drowned won the 2012 Commonwealth Book Prize ( Canada and Europe ) , and Marcello Di Cintio , whose book Walls : Travels Along the Barricades won the 2013 Shaughnessy Cohen Award for Political Writing .

neg: American poetry american ' poetry '' ' , the poetry of the United States , arose first as efforts by colonists to add their voices to English poetry in the 17th century , well before the constitutional unification of the thirteen colonies ( although before this unification , a strong oral tradition often likened to poetry existed among Native American societies ) . Unsurprisingly , most of the early colonists ' work relied on contemporary British models of poetic form , diction , and theme . However , in the 19th century , a distinctive American idiom began to emerge . By the later part of that century , when Walt Whitman was winning an enthusiastic audience abroad , poets from the United States had begun to take their place at the forefront of the English-language avant-garde '' .   The history of American poetry is not easy to know . Much of the American poetry published between 1910 and 1945 remains lost in the pages of small circulation political periodicals , particularly the ones on the far left , destroyed by librarians during the 1950s McCarthy era . The received narrative of Modernism proposes that Ezra Pound and T. S. Eliot were perhaps the most influential modernist English-language poets in the period during World War I . But this narrative leaves out African American and women poets who were published and read widely in the first half of the twentieth century . By the 1960s , the young poets of the British Poetry Revival looked to their American contemporaries and predecessors as models for the kind of poetry they wanted to write . Toward the end of the millennium , consideration of American poetry had diversified , as scholars placed an increased emphasis on poetry by women , African Americans , Hispanics , Chicanos and other cultural groupings .

neg: Rudyard Kipling's Verse: Definitive Edition The Definitive Edition of the verse of Rudyard Kipling ( 1865 -- 1936 ) was published in 1940 in London by Hodder and Stoughton , Ltd and in Edinburgh by R. R. Clark . It is a one-volume collection and was printed on India paper .   The bibliographical information given on the verso of the title page ( the ` Edition notice ' ) of the 1958 reprint of the 1940 edition gives the following information ( years link to corresponding '' -LSB- year -RSB- in poetry '' article ) :  The first edition of Kipling 's Collected Verse ( 1885 -- 1912 ) was published in 1912 , with a reprint in the same year .  The second collected edition , the Inclusive Edition ( 1885 -- 1918 ) was first published in 3 volumes in December 1919 . A second impression came out in April 1920 .  This edition ( inclusive of his verse from 1885 to 1918 ) was issued as a single volume in October 1921 , and went through 18 further impressions by August 1926 .  The third collected edition ( Inclusive Edition , 1885 - 1926 ) appeared as a single volume in September 1927 . 11 more impressions came out by October 1931 .  The fourth Inclusive Edition of Rudyard Kipling 's Verse ( 1885 -- 1932 ) , in one volume , appeared in October 1933 , and was followed by six impressions up to November 1939 .  The Definitive Edition of Rudyard Kipling 's Verse appeared posthumously in 1940 . It was reprinted -- the edition notice of the 1958 reprint states -- in 1941 , 1949 and 1958 .   Many other versions of Kipling 's verse have been made . These include  Kipling , Rudyard ( 1913 ) Songs from Books , London , Macmillan .  Kipling , Rudyard ( 1925 ) A choice of songs from the verse of Rudyard Kipling , London , Methuem .  Kipling , Rudyard ( 1941 ) A Choice of Kipling 's Verse made by T.S.Eliot , with an essay on RUDYARD KIPLING , London , Faber and Faber .  Kipling , Rudyard ( 1986 ) Early verse by Rudyard Kipling , 1879-1889 : unpublished , uncollected , and rarely collected poems , Oxford , Clarendon Press .  Kipling , Rudyard ( 1992 ) Rudyard Kipling : selected poetry , London , Penguin .  Kipling , Rudyard ( 1994 ) The collected poems of Rudyard Kipling , introduction and notes by R. T. Jones , Ware , Wordsworth Editions .

neg: Ann Stanford Ann Stanford ( November 25 , 1916 -- July 12 , 1987 ) was an American poet .   She graduated from Stanford University in 1938 Phi Beta Kappa , and University of California , Los Angeles , with an M.A. in journalism in 1958 , an M.A. in English in 1961 , and a Ph.D. in English and American literature in 1962 .   Stanford married Roland Arthur White , an architect , in 1942 , and they had three daughters and one son .   When she died in 1987 , at the age of seventy , Ann Stanford was at the apex of a long and distinguished career as a poet , translator , editor , scholar and teacher . Over a period of forty years , she had written eight volumes of poetry , two verse plays , and a book-length study of the Puritan poet Anne Bradstreet . She had also translated the classic Sanskrit text The Bhagavad Gita and edited The Women Poets in English , an anthology that gathered , for the first time , hundreds of years of poetry by women . Her poems had appeared regularly in the most prestigious journals and magazines -- the New Yorker , The Atlantic , Poetry , The New Republic , The Southern Review -- and had been widely honored .   From 1962 to 1987 , she taught at California State University , Northridge .   She was a founding member of the Associated Writing Programs .  Since 1988 , a poetry prize has been awarded in her name .

neg: List of works by Margaret Mahy Margaret Mahy of New Zealand wrote more than 100 picture books , 40 novels and 20 short story collections , among other works .

neg: The Bush Garden: Essays on the Canadian Imagination The Bush Garden : Essays on the Canadian Imagination is a collection of essays by Canadian literary critic Northrop Frye ( 1912 -- 1991 ) . The collection was originally published in 1971 ; it was republished , with an introduction by Canadian postmodern theorist Linda Hutcheon , in 1995 . The Bush Garden features analyses of Canadian poetry , prose fiction and painting . According to Frye 's introduction , the essays were selected to provide a composite view of the Canadian imagination , an understanding of the human imagination 's reaction to and development in response to the Canadian environment .   The Bush Garden includes an edited version of Frye 's `` Conclusion '' to Carl F. Klinck 's Literary History of Canada . In this work , Frye articulated his theory of `` garrison mentality '' as the defining characteristic of Canadian literature . Garrison mentality is the attitude of a community that feels isolated from cultural centres and besieged by a hostile landscape . Frye maintained that such communities were peculiarly Canadian , and fostered a literature that was formally immature , that displayed deep moral discomfort with `` uncivilized '' nature , and whose narratives reinforced social norms and values

neg: The Dreamstone (novel) The Dreamstone is a 1983 fantasy novel by American science fiction and fantasy author C. J. Cherryh . It includes revisions of the author 's 1979 short story `` The Dreamstone '' ( Amazons ! , ed . Jessica Amanda Salmonson ) and her 1981 novella Ealdwood , plus additional material . The book is the first of two novels in Cherryh 's Ealdwood Stories series , the second being The Tree of Swords and Jewels . The series draws on Celtic mythology and is about Ealdwood , a forest at the edge of Faery , and Arafel , a Daoine Sidhe .   The Dreamstone was first published in 1983 as a paperback edition by DAW Books , and featured cover art by Cherryh 's brother , David A. Cherry . The Dreamstone and The Tree of Swords and Jewels were later republished in three omnibuses :  Arafel 's Saga ( 1983 , DAW Books )  Ealdwood ( 1991 , Victor Gollancz ) -- includes revisions and a new ending  The Dreaming Tree ( 1997 , DAW Books ) -- includes the revisions and new ending of Ealdwood ( 1991 )

neg: Southern Ontario Gothic Southern Ontario Gothic is a subgenre of the Gothic novel genre and a feature of Canadian literature that comes from Southern Ontario . This region includes Toronto , Southern Ontario 's major industrial cities ( Windsor , London , Hamilton , St. Thomas , Oshawa , St. Catharines ) , and the surrounding countryside . While the genre may also feature other areas of Ontario , Canada , and the world as narrative locales , this region provides the core settings .   The term was first used in Graeme Gibson 's Eleven Canadian Novelists ( 1972 ) to recognize an existing tendency to apply aspects of the Gothic novel to writing based in and around Southern Ontario . In an interview with Timothy Findley , Gibson commented that Findley 's novel The Last of the Crazy People shared similarities with the American Southern Gothic genre , to which Findley replied , '' ... sure , it 's Southern Gothic : Southern Ontario Gothic . ''   Notable writers of this subgenre include Alice Munro , Margaret Atwood , Robertson Davies , Jane Urquhart , Marian Engel , James Reaney and Barbara Gowdy .   Like the Southern Gothic of American writers such as William Faulkner , Flannery O'Connor and Eudora Welty , Southern Ontario Gothic analyzes and critiques social conditions such as race , gender , religion and politics , but in a Southern Ontario context . Southern Ontario Gothic is generally characterized by a stern realism set against the dour small-town Protestant morality stereotypical of the region , and often has underlying themes of moral hypocrisy . Actions and people that act against humanity , logic , and morality all are portrayed unfavourably , and one or more characters may be suffering from some form of mental illness . In a review of Alice Munro 's Dear Life for Quill & Quire , literary critic James Grainger writes that `` Violence , illness , and reputations ruined by a single indiscretion are accepted in Munro 's secretive , repressed communities as a kind of levelling mechanism , rough justice for those who dare to strive for something finer . ''   The Gothic novel has traditionally examined the role of evil in the human soul , and has incorporated dark or horrific imagery to create the desired setting . Some ( but not all ) writers of Southern Ontario Gothic use supernatural or magic realist elements ; a few deviate from realism entirely , in the manner of the fantastical gothic novel . Virtually all dwell to a certain extent upon the grotesque .   Notable works of the genre include Davies ' Deptford Trilogy , Findley 's Headhunter , Atwood 's Alias Grace and The Blind Assassin , and Munro 's Selected Stories .   The genre has been criticised as having `` little or nothing to distinguish it from everyday , garden-variety type realism . ''


query: Jane Eyre is an adaptation of a novel with the same name.

pos: Jane Eyre (2011 film) Jane Eyre is a 2011 British romantic drama film directed by Cary Fukunaga and starring Mia Wasikowska and Michael Fassbender . The screenplay is written by Moira Buffini based on the 1847 novel of the same name by Charlotte Brontë . The film was released on 11 March 2011 in the United States and 9 September in Great Britain and Ireland .

neg: War Horse (novel) War Horse is a children 's novel by English author Michael Morpurgo . It was first published in Great Britain by Kaye & Ward in 1982 . The story recounts the experiences of Joey , a horse purchased by the Army for service in World War I France and the attempts of young Albert , his previous owner , to bring him safely home . It formed the basis of both an award winning play ( 2007 ) and an acclaimed film adaptation ( 2011 ) by Steven Spielberg .

neg: By Jeeves By Jeeves , originally Jeeves , is a 1975 musical by Andrew Lloyd Webber and Alan Ayckbourn , based on the novels of P. G. Wodehouse .   Jeeves is the original 1975 version , which opened on 22 April 1975 and closed on 24 May after 38 performances at Her Majesty 's Theatre , London . It is regarded as Andrew Lloyd Webber 's only real flop . By Jeeves is the rewritten 1996 version , which opened 1 May 1996 in London and due to success was extended to February 1997 , through three theatres . It premiered in the U.S. in 1996 and on Broadway in 2001 .

neg: Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1887 play) Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is a four-act play written by Thomas Russell Sullivan in collaboration with the actor Richard Mansfield . It is an adaptation of Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde , an 1886 novella by the Scottish author Robert Louis Stevenson . The story focuses on the respected London doctor Henry Jekyll and his involvement with Edward Hyde , a loathsome criminal . After Hyde murders the father of Jekyll 's fiancée , Jekyll 's friends discover that he and Jekyll are the same person ; Jekyll has developed a potion that allows him to transform himself into Hyde and back again . When he runs out of the potion , he is trapped as Hyde and commits suicide before he can be arrested .   After reading the novella , Mansfield was intrigued by the opportunity to play a dual role . He secured the right to adapt the story for the stage in the United States and the United Kingdom , and asked Sullivan to write the adaptation . The play debuted in Boston in May 1887 , and a revised version opened on Broadway in September of that year . Critics acclaimed Mansfield 's performance as the dual character . The play was popular in New York and on tour , and Mansfield was invited to bring it to London . It opened there in August 1888 , just before the first Jack the Ripper murders . Some press reports compared the murderer to the Jekyll-Hyde character , and Mansfield was suggested as a possible suspect . Despite significant press coverage , the London production was a financial failure . Mansfield 's company continued to perform the play on tours of the U.S. until shortly before his death in 1907 .   In writing the stage adaptation , Sullivan made several changes to the story ; these included creating a fiancée for Jekyll and a stronger moral contrast between Jekyll and Hyde . The changes have been adopted by many subsequent adaptations , including several film versions of the story which were derived from the play . The films included a 1912 adaptation directed by Lucius Henderson , a 1920 adaptation directed by John S. Robertson , and a 1931 adaptation directed by Rouben Mamoulian , which earned Fredric March an Academy Award for Best Actor . A 1941 adaptation , directed by Victor Fleming , was a remake of the 1931 film .

neg: Isle of Canes Isle of Canes ( ISBN 1-59331-306-3 ) , a novel by Elizabeth Shown Mills , follows an African family from its importation and enslavement in 1735 through four generations of freedom in Creole Louisiana to its re-subjugation by Jim Crow at the close of the nineteenth century . Mills explores the family 's `` struggle to find a place in -LSB- a -RSB- tightly defined world of black and white '' -- a world made more complex by the larger struggle of Louisiana 's native ancien regime to preserve its culture amid the Anglo-Protestant `` invasion '' that followed the Louisiana Purchase of 1803 and the resulting battle for political and social hegemony . Isle 's central theme is the ambiguous lives of those who escaped colonial slavery only to find they could not survive as free without complicity in the slave regime .   The novel 's subject-family is one that has been both romanticized and excoriated by journalists , academics , descendants , and current websites over the past half-century . Isle 's interpretation of their controversial role is based heavily on the author 's original research across three decades in the archives of six nations , and actual documents are interspersed throughout the novel . The author 's research began in 1972 when she was employed by a preservation society to document the history of one Isle landmark , Melrose Plantation .   Critical assessments of Isle of Canes focus on its upturning of stereotypes . Contemporary Lit describes the focus as `` Gone with the Wind from a vastly different , more important perspective ... not that of the plantation owner or the poor white ... but homme de couleur libre and slave ... capturing the agonizing decisions which tore families and communities apart . '' Historical Novels Review similarly observes , `` The Metoyers , a historical family both black and white and yet neither , challenge all perceptions of racial boundaries . You may never look at American History the same way again . ''   The Isle community is also the focus in Lalita Tademy 's Oprah Book Club pick , Cane River . Mills 's Isle explores the colonial roots of the community and the experience of slaves who achieved freedom prior to the onset of Louisiana 's Creole-Anglo conflict . Tademy 's story , whose earliest slave generations are based upon research by Mills and her daughter , portrays the mid-nineteenth -- and early-twentieth-century experiences of the community 's slave families who envied , respected , and resented the free status of the Isle 's Creoles de couleur libre -- some of whose blood they shared .   A third , much older novel , Lyle Saxon 's Children of Strangers , depicts the state of servitude into which the Islanders were subjected by the early twentieth-century . Saxon 's era was one in which the chatelaine of the family 's last remaining manor house ( Melrose Plantation , a National Historic Landmark since 1976 ) was an Anglo patroness of the arts , who encouraged Saxon to visit and `` observe '' the community first hand . Saxon 's portrayal captures the mindset of that era 's white population , who vacillated between economic exploitation of the Islanders , sexual attraction to their women , and a paternalistic view of the multiracial Creoles as `` simple people , but our people . ''   Historians struggle to understand the complexities of the Peculiar Institution -- particularly the motivation that compelled a significant number of freed American slaves to purchase other humans once free to do so . Edward P. Jones lays out one psychological path in The Known World creating a fictional anti-hero , the Black Virginian Henry Townsend , who is consumed by his self-centered ambition . Isle of Canes reconstructs the world of an actual family to define a radically different but equally uncomfortable trajectory by which more than a few ex-slaves survived a status many historians consider `` neither slave nor free . ''

neg: Minerva Press Minerva Press was a publishing house , noted for creating a lucrative market in sentimental and Gothic fiction in the late 18th century and early 19th century . It was established by William Lane ( 1745 ? -1814 ) at No 33 Leadenhall Street , London , when he moved his circulating library there in about 1790 .   Among his stable of writers were many female authors including Regina Maria Roche ( The Maid of Hamlet , 1793 ; Clermont , 1798 ) ; Mrs. Eliza Parsons ( The Castle of Wolfenbach , 1793 ; The Mysterious Warning , 1796 ) ; and Eleanor Sleath ( The Orphan of the Rhine , 1798 ) whose Gothic fiction is included in the list of the seven Northanger Horrid Novels , recommended by the character Isabella Thorpe in Jane Austen 's novel of similar name . Six of the Northanger Seven were published by Minerva . However many titles were anonymous , including such novels as Count Roderic 's Castle ( 1794 ) , The Haunted Castle ( 1794 ) , The Animated Skeleton ( 1798 ) and The New Monk ( 1798 ) , and the five novels of Helen Craik . Authors such as Emma Parker ( `` Emma de Lisle '' ) and Amelia de Beauclerc , who wrote for Minerva Press in the 1800s , are obscure today , and the market for Minerva 's books became negligible after the death of its charismatic founder .   Lane was succeeded as proprietor of the Minerva Press by his partner , Anthony King ( A. K. ) Newman , who gradually dropped the Minerva name from his books ' title pages during the 1820s . Later books published by the press bear the imprint `` A. K. Newman & Co. . ''   In the 20th century , the name Minerva Press was used by at least one publisher unconnected with the original firm .

neg: Bennet family The Bennet family are a fictional family of dwindling Hertfordshire landed gentry , created by English novelist Jane Austen . The family plays a central role in the novel Pride and Prejudice , since it is the one to which the protagonist , Elizabeth , belongs . The complex relationships between its various members influence the evolution of the plot .   In a society where marriage is the only possible future for a young girl of good family , the presence in the household of five girls to marry with no other advantage than their good looks can only be a source of concern . Yet the Bennet couple do not assume their role as educators : the mother repeatedly makes a spectacle of herself , incapable of realizing that her behaviour is more likely to put off any rich , eligible young man who noticed the oldest and most pretty of her daughters . All the while , the father , an indifferent husband , whose mocking gaze only makes things worse , since he has long-since given up on reining in her behaviour , more intent on ` enjoying the show ' than in correcting her behaviour , and the behaviour of his younger daughters , regardless of how negatively it affects his daughters ' chances of respectable matches .   These girls show very different behaviors according to the education they received or provided themselves : the two eldest daughters , Jane and Elizabeth , show irreproachable conduct and are appreciated by their father , while Mary , less physically attractive , displays intellectual and musical pretensions , and the two youngest are both left almost abandoned to run wild under the sloppy , careless supervision of their ineffectual mother .   Other members of the Bennets staged by Jane Austen are , on the one hand Mrs Bennet 's brother and sister -- Mr. Gardiner and Mrs. Philips , on the other hand the designated heir of Mr. Bennet 's estate , his distant paternal second cousin , the pompous and foolish Mr. William Collins . Mr. Gardiner and Mrs. Philips contribute significantly to the progress and outcome of the story , but at a level and in a different register reflecting their respective social belonging . Collins 's character serves as a link between the gentry of Hertfordshire , to which the Bennets belong , and the large property owners Lady Catherine de Bourgh and Mr. Darcy .   The legal , financial or emotional interests that unite or divide the members of the Bennet family allow Jane Austen to build a complex picture of society and to raise a number of societal issues specific to her time , particularly concerning girls ' education and legitimacy of certain behaviors .

neg: The Handmaid's Tale The Handmaid 's Tale is a 1985 dystopian novel by Canadian author Margaret Atwood . Set in a near-future New England , in a totalitarian theocracy that has overthrown the United States government , the novel explores themes of women in subjugation and the various means by which they gain individualism and independence . The novel 's title echoes the component parts of Geoffrey Chaucer 's The Canterbury Tales , which comprises a series of connected stories ( `` The Merchant 's Tale '' , `` The Parson 's Tale '' , etc. ) .   The Handmaid 's Tale won the 1985 Governor General 's Award and the first Arthur C. Clarke Award in 1987 ; it was also nominated for the 1986 Nebula Award , the 1986 Booker Prize , and the 1987 Prometheus Award . The book has been adapted into a film ( 1990 ) , an opera ( 2000 ) , a TV series ( 2017 ) , and other media .

neg: List of Wuthering Heights references This is a list of cultural references to Wuthering Heights , which was Emily Brontë 's only novel , specifically in literature and music . It was first published in 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell , and a posthumous second edition was edited by her sister Charlotte . For adaptations of the novel , see List of Wuthering Heights adaptations .

neg: Eyre (given name) Eyre is a given name . Notable people with the name include :   Eyre Coote ( East India Company officer ) ( 1726 -- 1783 ) , Irish soldier  Eyre Coote ( British Army officer ) ( 1760 -- 1823 ) , Irish soldier , nephew of the above  Eyre Crowe ( 1864-1925 ) , British diplomat  Eyre Crowe ( painter ) ( 1824-1910 ) , British painter  Eyre Evans Crowe ( 1799-1868 ) , British journalist and historian  Eyre Massey Shaw ( 1830-1908 ) , Superintendent of London Fire Brigade

neg: Jane Blonde Jane Blonde is the eponymous heroine of the Jane Blonde series of young adult novels by Jill Marshall . Jane Blonde is a James Bondesque spy , who is sent on missions and equipped with ( often disguised ) gadgets . Reviewers have praised Marshall 's action sequences and pacing , but several have also expressed confusion stemming from the number of characters , many of whom assume multiple names , and some of the plot twists .   Jane Blonde has been identified as both a parody of the James Bond books/films and a girl power instance of the spy adventure genre epitomized by the James Bond franchise ( rather than a parody proper ) .   On May 11 , 2010 Jill Marshall announced that Sensational Spylet , the first book in the series , had been optioned by Bridge to Terabithia co-producer Tim Coddington , though it is unclear how Marshall 's current legal trouble has affected the possibility of a film adaptation .

neg: Waverley Novels The Waverley Novels is a long series of novels by Sir Walter Scott ( 1771 -- 1832 ) . For nearly a century , they were among the most popular and widely read novels in all of Europe .   Because Scott did not publicly acknowledge authorship until 1827 , the series takes its name from Waverley , the first novel of the series released in 1814 . The later books bore the words `` by the author of Waverley '' on their title pages .   The Tales of my Landlord sub-series was not advertised as `` by the author of Waverley '' and thus is not always included as part of the Waverley Novels series .

neg: North & South (TV serial) North & South is a British television drama serial , produced by the BBC and originally broadcast in four episodes on BBC One in November and December 2004 . It follows the story of Margaret Hale ( Daniela Denby-Ashe ) , a young woman from southern England who has to move to the North after her father decides to leave the clergy . The family struggles to adjust itself to the industrial town 's customs , especially after meeting the Thorntons , a proud family of cotton mill owners who seem to despise their social inferiors . The story explores the issues of class and gender , as Margaret 's sympathy for the town mill workers clashes with her growing attraction to John Thornton ( Richard Armitage ) .   The serial is based on the 1855 Victorian novel North and South by Elizabeth Gaskell and takes place in the years surrounding the Great Exhibition of 1851 . It was adapted for television by Sandy Welch and directed by Brian Percival .

neg: Southern Ontario Gothic Southern Ontario Gothic is a subgenre of the Gothic novel genre and a feature of Canadian literature that comes from Southern Ontario . This region includes Toronto , Southern Ontario 's major industrial cities ( Windsor , London , Hamilton , St. Thomas , Oshawa , St. Catharines ) , and the surrounding countryside . While the genre may also feature other areas of Ontario , Canada , and the world as narrative locales , this region provides the core settings .   The term was first used in Graeme Gibson 's Eleven Canadian Novelists ( 1972 ) to recognize an existing tendency to apply aspects of the Gothic novel to writing based in and around Southern Ontario . In an interview with Timothy Findley , Gibson commented that Findley 's novel The Last of the Crazy People shared similarities with the American Southern Gothic genre , to which Findley replied , '' ... sure , it 's Southern Gothic : Southern Ontario Gothic . ''   Notable writers of this subgenre include Alice Munro , Margaret Atwood , Robertson Davies , Jane Urquhart , Marian Engel , James Reaney and Barbara Gowdy .   Like the Southern Gothic of American writers such as William Faulkner , Flannery O'Connor and Eudora Welty , Southern Ontario Gothic analyzes and critiques social conditions such as race , gender , religion and politics , but in a Southern Ontario context . Southern Ontario Gothic is generally characterized by a stern realism set against the dour small-town Protestant morality stereotypical of the region , and often has underlying themes of moral hypocrisy . Actions and people that act against humanity , logic , and morality all are portrayed unfavourably , and one or more characters may be suffering from some form of mental illness . In a review of Alice Munro 's Dear Life for Quill & Quire , literary critic James Grainger writes that `` Violence , illness , and reputations ruined by a single indiscretion are accepted in Munro 's secretive , repressed communities as a kind of levelling mechanism , rough justice for those who dare to strive for something finer . ''   The Gothic novel has traditionally examined the role of evil in the human soul , and has incorporated dark or horrific imagery to create the desired setting . Some ( but not all ) writers of Southern Ontario Gothic use supernatural or magic realist elements ; a few deviate from realism entirely , in the manner of the fantastical gothic novel . Virtually all dwell to a certain extent upon the grotesque .   Notable works of the genre include Davies ' Deptford Trilogy , Findley 's Headhunter , Atwood 's Alias Grace and The Blind Assassin , and Munro 's Selected Stories .   The genre has been criticised as having `` little or nothing to distinguish it from everyday , garden-variety type realism . ''

neg: Ode to a Nightingale `` Ode to a Nightingale '' is a poem by John Keats written either in the garden of the Spaniards Inn , Hampstead , London or , according to Keats ' friend Charles Armitage Brown , under a plum tree in the garden of Keats ' house at Wentworth Place , also in Hampstead . According to Brown , a nightingale had built its nest near the house Keats and Brown shared in the spring of 1819 . Inspired by the bird 's song , Keats composed the poem in one day . It soon became one of his 1819 odes and was first published in Annals of the Fine Arts the following July . The poem is one of the most frequently anthologized in the English language .   `` Ode to a Nightingale '' is a personal poem that describes Keats 's journey into the state of negative capability . The tone of the poem rejects the optimistic pursuit of pleasure found within Keats 's earlier poems and , rather , explores the themes of nature , transience and mortality , the latter being particularly personal to Keats .   The nightingale described within the poem experiences a type of death but does not actually die . Instead , the songbird is capable of living through its song , which is a fate that humans can not expect . The poem ends with an acceptance that pleasure can not last and that death is an inevitable part of life . In the poem , Keats imagines the loss of the physical world and sees himself dead -- as a `` sod '' over which the nightingale sings . The contrast between the immortal nightingale and mortal man sitting in his garden , is made all the more acute by an effort of the imagination . The presence of weather is noticeable in the poem , as spring came early in 1819 , bringing nightingales all over the heath .

neg: Theatre of Australia Theatre of Australia refers to the history of the performing arts in Australia , or produced by Australians . There are theatrical and dramatic aspects to a number of Indigenous Australian ceremonies such as the corroboree . During its colonial period , Australian theatrical arts were generally linked to the broader traditions of English literature and to British and Irish theatre . Australian literature and theatrical artists ( including Aboriginal as well as Anglo-Celtic and multicultural migrant Australians ) have over the last two centuries introduced the culture of Australia and the character of a new continent to the world stage .   Individuals who have contributed to theatre in Australia and internationally include Sir Robert Helpmann , Dame Joan Sutherland , Barry Humphries , David Williamson , Cate Blanchett , Geoffrey Rush , Judy Davis , Jim Sharman , Tim Minchin and Baz Luhrmann . Notable theatrical institutions include the Sydney Opera House , and the National Institute of Dramatic Art in Sydney .

neg: Presumption; or, the Fate of Frankenstein Presumption ; or , the Fate of Frankenstein is an 1823 play in three acts by Richard Brinsley Peake based on the novel Frankenstein by Mary Shelley . It is the first recorded theatrical adaptation of the novel and had 37 performances during its original run . It was revived at the English Opera House until at least 1850 .

neg: The Midnight Bell The Midnight Bell is a gothic novel by Francis Lathom . It was one of the seven `` horrid novels '' lampooned by Jane Austen in her novel Northanger Abbey .  Dear creature ! How much I am obliged to you ; and when you have finished Udolpho , we will read the Italian together ; and I have made out a list of ten or twelve more of the same kind for you .   Have you , indeed ! How glad I am ! What are they all ?   I will read you their names directly ; here they are , in my pocketbook . Castle of Wolfenbach , Clermont , Mysterious Warnings , Necromancer of the Black Forest , Midnight Bell , Orphan of the Rhine , and Horrid Mysteries . Those will last us some time .   Yes , pretty well ; but are they all horrid , are you sure they are all horrid ?   -- Northanger Abbey , ch . 6  Subtitled `` A German Story , Founded On Incidents in Real Life '' it was first published in London by H. D. Symonds in 1798 . It concerns the quest of the hero , Alphonsus Cohenburg , to regain his estates and stolen identity after his parents are murdered by his villainous uncle . The young man becomes a soldier , then a miner before marrying his true love Lauretta only to see her kidnapped by bandits . The latter third is set in the quintessentially gothic Cohenburg castle and features tales of ghostly apparitions who turn out to be diabolical Roman Catholic priests , another common gothic trope . The Midnight Bell of the title calls the villainous monks to their dark meeting place .

neg: Emmeline Emmeline , The Orphan of the Castle is the first novel written by English writer Charlotte Turner Smith ; it was published in 1788 . A Cinderella story in which the heroine stands outside the traditional economic structures of English society and ends up wealthy and happy , the novel is a fantasy . At the same time , it criticises the traditional marriage arrangements of the 18th century , which allowed women little choice and prioritised the needs of the family . Smith 's criticisms of marriage stemmed from her personal experience and several of the secondary characters are thinly veiled depictions of her family , a technique which both intrigued and repelled contemporary readers .   Emmeline comments on the 18th-century novel tradition , presenting reinterpretations of scenes from famous earlier works , such as Samuel Richardson 's Clarissa ( 1747 -- 48 ) . Moreover , the novel extends and develops the tradition of Gothic fiction . In combination with this , Smith 's style marks her as an early Romantic . Her characters learn about their identities from nature and her landscape descriptions are imbued with political messages about gender relations .   Smith had separated from her husband in 1787 and was forced to write to support herself and her children . She quickly began writing novels , which were profitable at the time . Emmeline was published a year later in 1788 ; the first edition sold out quickly . Smith 's novel was so successful that her publisher paid her more than he had initially promised . The novel was printed in the United States , translated into French , and issued several times during the 19th century .

neg: Jane Scott (theatre manager) Jane M. Scott ( 1779 -- 1839 ) was a British theatre manager , performer , and playwright .   With her father , John Scott ( 1752 -- 1838 ) , Jane developed the Sans Pareil Theatre ( later named the Adelphi ) , where they offered music and light shows . They gathered a theatrical company and by 1809 the theatre was licensed for musical entertainments , pantomime , and burletta .   Scott wrote more than fifty stage pieces in an array of genres : melodramas , pantomimes , farces , comic operettas , historical dramas , and adaptations , as well as translations .   The Sans Pareil was significant in the move towards `` free '' theatre and away from the monopolies that dominated licensed theatre at the time . Jacky Bratton credits Scott 's role in London theatre : `` She had her finger on the pulse of a new world of entertainment for all , and her management of the theatre she created is important for its responsive and intelligent reading of the new audiences and the provision of exciting work for them to enjoy . ''   Scott retired in 1819 and married John Davies Middleton ( 1790 -- 1867 ) . She lived in Surrey until her death , in 1839 , aged 59 or 60 , from breast cancer .

neg: Jane Shore (disambiguation) Jane Shore ( c. 1445 -- c. 1527 ) was the mistress of Edward IV of England .   Jane Shore may also refer to :   Jane Shore ( poet ) , American poet and professor of English  The Tragedy of Jane Shore , a 1714 play by Nicholas Rowe based on the life of Jane Shore , the mistress of Edward IV  Jane Shore ( 1911 film )  Jane Shore ( 1915 film ) , a British silent historical film adapted from the 1714 play The Tragedy of Jane Shore  Jane Shore ( 1922 film )