query: Take a Bow is an LP by Madonna.

pos: Take a Bow (Madonna song) `` Take a Bow '' is a song by American singer Madonna from her sixth studio album Bedtime Stories ( 1994 ) . It was released as the album 's second single on November 29 , 1994 , by Maverick Records . It is a midtempo pop ballad written and produced by Madonna and Babyface . The song also appears on her compilation albums Something to Remember ( 1995 ) , GHV2 ( 2001 ) and Celebration ( 2009 ) . Following the sexually explicit persona portrayed by Madonna on her previous album , Erotica , the singer wanted to tone down her image for Bedtime Stories . She started collaborating with Babyface , whose work with other musicians had impressed her . `` Take a Bow '' was developed from this collaboration , after Madonna listened to the beat and the chords of the demo structure of the song .   Recorded at The Hit Factory Studios in New York , `` Take a Bow '' was backed by a full orchestra . It was also the first time that Babyface had worked with live strings , per Madonna 's suggestion . Containing oriental pentatonic strings , giving the impression of Chinese or Japanese opera , `` Take a Bow '' lyrically talks about unrequited love , and Madonna saying goodbye . It received favorable reviews from music critics , who praised the song 's soulful , poetic lyrics . It was a commercial success in the United States , becoming Madonna 's eleventh number-one single on the Billboard Hot 100 , topping the chart for seven weeks . It also reached number one in Canada , and the top ten in Italy , Switzerland and New Zealand . The single had moderate success in the United Kingdom , reaching number 16 on the UK Singles Chart , ending Madonna 's record-holding string of 35 consecutive top-ten hits there .   The music video for `` Take a Bow '' was directed by Michael Haussman , and was filmed in Ronda , Spain . The video depicts Madonna as a bullfighter 's ( played by real-life Spanish bullfighter Emilio Muñoz ) neglected lover , yearning for his love . It won the Best Female Video award at the 1995 MTV Video Music Awards . Journalistic and academic analysis of the video included its plotline , usage of religious iconography , themes and motifs of feminism and submission , as well as its impact on contemporary music videos . In order to promote Bedtime Stories , Madonna performed `` Take a Bow '' on a few occasions , including live with Babyface at the 1995 American Music Awards . In 2016 , she added the song to the setlist of the Asian and Oceanian legs of her Rebel Heart Tour and her one-off Sydney concert Madonna : Tears of a Clown .

neg: Who's That Girl (1987 film) Who 's That Girl is a 1987 American screwball comedy film written by Andrew Smith and Ken Finkleman , and directed by James Foley . It stars Madonna and Griffin Dunne , and depicts the story of a street-smart girl who is falsely accused of murdering her boyfriend and is sent to jail . After getting released , she meets a man , who is supposed to make sure she gets on her bus back to Philadelphia , and convinces him to help her catch those responsible for her confinement . While searching for the embezzler , they fall in love with each other .   After the failure of her 1986 film Shanghai Surprise , Madonna decided to sign another comedy film titled Slammer , which was later renamed to Who 's That Girl . However , she had to convince both Warner Bros. and the producers of the film that she was ready for the project . Madonna enlisted her friend James Foley to direct the film . Shooting began in New York in October 1986 , and continued until March 1987 . Production was halted during December due to snowfall in New York . Madonna utilized the time to work on her next tour and the soundtrack of the film .   The film was released on August 7 , 1987 , and was a box office bomb , grossing only $ 2.5 million in its first week , with its final domestic total being about $ 7.3 million . Critics were highly disappointed with the film , and Foley 's direction . Some went on to call it one of the worst films to be released , while others found Madonna 's comic timing to be one of the highlights .   However , the Who 's That Girl World Tour went on to be a critical and commercial success , grossing a total of US$ 25 million , and playing in front of audiences totaling 1.5 million people . The soundtrack of the film , though not acclaimed by the critics , enjoyed commercial success . Three of Madonna 's songs , the title track , `` Causing a Commotion '' and `` The Look of Love '' , were released as singles with the title track becoming Madonna 's sixth number one single on the US Billboard Hot 100 . The soundtrack album went on to sell six million copies worldwide .

neg: Whitney Houston discography The discography of American singer Whitney Houston ( 1963 -- 2012 ) consists of seven studio albums , six compilations , two soundtrack albums , five box sets , six extended plays , and fifty-seven singles . In 1985 , Houston released her self-titled debut album . It spent fourteen weeks at number one on the Billboard 200 and was certified thirteen times platinum ( Diamond ) by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , with global sales of 25 million copies . The album produced four US top 5 singles , including three Billboard Hot 100 number-ones . In 1987 , Houston released her second album Whitney . The album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 and was supported by four US number-one singles : `` I Wan na Dance with Somebody ( Who Loves Me ) '' , `` Did n't We Almost Have It All '' , `` So Emotional '' , and `` Where Do Broken Hearts Go '' , which established an unprecedented seven consecutive number one hits by a performer . Whitney was certified 9 × Platinum by the RIAA and topped the charts in numerous countries , having sold in excess of 20 million copies worldwide . Houston 's third studio album , I 'm Your Baby Tonight ( 1990 ) , peaked at number three on the Billboard 200 chart and yielded two number-one singles ; `` I 'm Your Baby Tonight '' and `` All the Man That I Need '' , selling 10 million units worldwide . In February 1991 , Houston released `` The Star Spangled Banner '' performance from Super Bowl XXV as a single , becoming the highest-charting rendition of the national anthem on the Billboard Hot 100 chart .   The Bodyguard soundtrack from her film debut , was released in November 1992 . The album contains tracks by other recording artists but is considered a Houston album by Billboard . It topped the Billboard 200 for twenty non-consecutive weeks , one of the longest tenures by an album in the Nielsen SoundScan era . The album was certified 17 × Platinum the United States and sold over 45 million copies worldwide , becoming the best-selling soundtrack album and one of the top 5 best-selling albums of all time . The lead single from the soundtrack , `` I Will Always Love You '' , topped the Billboard Hot 100 chart for a then-record-breaking fourteen weeks and was certified 6 × Platinum by the RIAA , peaked at number one on the charts in nearly every country and sold 12 million copies worldwide , becoming one of the best-selling singles of all time . Houston contributed three songs , including her eleventh number-one single `` Exhale ( Shoop Shoop ) '' on the 7x platinum soundtrack album , Waiting to Exhale ( November 1995 ) . The following year she released The Preacher 's Wife in November 1996 . The soundtrack was certified 3x Platinum by the RIAA and became the biggest selling gospel album of all time . In 1998 , she released her first studio album in eight years , My Love Is Your Love . The album failed to match the commercial status of her previous albums , peaking at number thirteen , her lowest chart position on the Billboard 200 among her studio albums . Despite initial weak sales , the album went on to achieve multi-platinum status with 11 million units sold worldwide , being certified 4 × Platinum in the United States . From late 1998 to early 2000 , the album generated five singles ; `` When You Believe '' ( duet with Mariah Carey ) , `` Heartbreak Hotel '' , `` It 's Not Right but It 's Okay '' , `` My Love Is Your Love '' , and `` I Learned from the Best '' .   Houston entered the 2000s with her first greatest hits compilation , Whitney : The Greatest Hits , released in May 2000 . The double-disc was certified 3 × Platinum by the RIAA in 2002 and earned 5 × Platinum award posthumously , recognizing 2.6 million in sales throughout the United States . The album hit the top position on the UK Albums Chart and sold over 1.66 million copies in the UK alone . Also , it reached the top ten in many worldwide markets , selling 10 million copies globally . Just Whitney , released in December 2002 , became her first album after renewing her contract with Arista for a record $ 100 million in 2001 . The album failed to earn multi-platinum status , receiving only Platinum award in the US , and became her lowest-selling studio album to date . She released a holiday album , One Wish : The Holiday Album in November 2003 . In September 2009 , Houston returned to the top position of the Billboard 200 with I Look to You , becoming her fourth number-one album on the chart ; which was her first non-soundtrack number-one in 22 years , since 1987 's Whitney . It also topped the album charts of several European countries and was certified Platinum by the RIAA . Her albums Whitney Houston , Whitney , The Bodyguard and Whitney : The Greatest Hits are among the top 100 certified albums according to the RIAA .   According to the RIAA , Houston is the top-selling R&B female artist of the 20th century , and the fourth best-selling female artist in the United States , with shipments of 57 million albums . In addition , until the launch of the RIAA 's digital certification program in 2004 , she had sold 16.5 million physical singles more than any other female solo artist in history . According to the Official UK Charts Company in October 2012 , Houston is at number four in the top 10 biggest selling female singles artists of all-time list with a sales total of 8.5 million singles . Whitney Houston is one of pop music 's best-selling music artists of all-time , with an estimated 170 -- 200 million records sold worldwide .

neg: Tribute Records Tribute Records ( Ben-Jamin ' Universal Music ) is an American gospel music record label established in 1990 . The label was co-founded by jazz musician and former pro basketball player Ben Tankard and George King . King owned Nashville based Diadem Music Group which produced Contemporary Christian music . Diadem 's signature artist Bob Carlisle is best known for his hit song `` Butterfly Kisses '' . Tribute became the urban contemporary gospel ( black gospel ) division of Diadem and home to several gospel music stars , most notably Tankard ( a keyboardist whose solo albums were instrumental releases ) , Yolanda Adams , Twinkie Clark of The Clark Sisters and others . Tankard was executive producer and music producer on most of the early Tribute releases and his vision was to develop artists and pioneer a new smooth genre of music he coined as `` gospeljazz '' . He featured Yolanda Adam 's jazzy vocals on the album and concept video single '' You Bring Out The Best In Me '' on his 1994 release `` Play Me In Your Key '' . The jazzy collaborations of Tankard and Adams produced major crossover success and brought the name of Tribute Records to the forefront . Office Depot produced a gospel style '' Taking Care Of Business '' commercial national ad campaign that was centered on Tribute Records , Tankard , and Adams and ran from 1994-1996 .   Though the Tribute Label ( Ben-Jamin ' Universal Music ) imprint remained with Tankard , the label contracts were later absorbed by Benson Records and later by Zomba Music Group , the gospel conglomerate Verity Records circa 1996 . With all the mergers and moves that had taken place with Diadem/Tribute artists and projects , Tankard put the vision for Tribute Records on hold in 1998 and was bought out of his Vice President of A & R / Producer position with Diadem/Benson when the companies were relocated to New York City by Zomba Music Group . Tankard accepted the buy-out and put all his emphasis ( and money ) on his own solo career . Under a long term artist contract with Verity Records he recorded eight addition instrumental studio albums over the next decade becoming the world 's bestselling gospel/jazz artist . Tankard 's Verity Records contract expired with the release of his 2009 album Mercy , Mercy , Mercy which won the 2010 Stellar Award . ''   Tankard 's sixteenth studio album , Ben Tankard / Full Tank was released on June 5 , 2012 on his revamped Tribute Records ( Ben-Jamin ' Universal Music & Film ) label . It featured music from legendary producer-songwriters , Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis , and special guest appearances by Mark Kibble / Take 6 , & Gerald Albright . The lead single from this release , `` Sunday Vibes '' , featuring Tim Bowman on guitar , was released on May 20 and quickly became the No. 1 most played song on Watercolors ( Sirius XM ) . The CD debuted its first week on the Billboard and Amazon.com top sellers charts in three categories : Jazz , Gospel and Southern Gospel , a first for Tankard in that genre .   In September 2012 , Ben Tankard / Full Tank was nominated by the Soul Train Music Awards for Best Contemporary Jazz Artist and the Stellar Awards for Best Urban Contemporary Performance . Tribute/Ben-Jamin ' imprint label is also the home to several TV and Film projects Tankard has in development including , '' Thicker Than Water : The Tankards '' , a new reality show that showcases Tankard 's family life , music career , business ventures , passion for aviation , and his role as a motivational speaker with the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) . When asked how will the reality show will look , Ben responded : `` It is a cross between Bill Cosby and Run 's House , with a twist '' . Other music releases include : Gospel/Soul singer `` Shelly '' , Urban Praise ensemble `` Tribe of Benjamin '' , and SBM ( Sunday 's Best Musicians ) , which is a collection of some the top `` under exposed '' gospel musicians in America .

neg: Angel (Madonna song) `` Angel '' is a song by American singer Madonna from her second studio album Like a Virgin ( 1984 ) . It was released on April 10 , 1985 by Sire Records as the third single from the album . Written by Madonna and Steve Bray , it was one of the first songs developed for the project and , according to Madonna , was inspired by a girl who is saved by an angel , and she falls in love with him . `` Angel '' was released as a 12 '' single with `` Into the Groove '' in some countries and charted likewise . A music video was initially planned for the release , but was later cancelled . Instead a promotional video comprising clips from her previous videos was released in the United Kingdom .   Musically `` Angel '' consists of three chord ascending hook , which serves for the verse and chorus . It has vocal harmonies beneath the main chorus and the lyrics repeat the angel-like image of Madonna 's saviour . Critical response to the song was mixed , with some music critics calling it a classic and others deeming it sub-par compared to Madonna 's previous singles . `` Angel '' became the singer 's fifth consecutive top-five single on the Billboard Hot 100 and reached the top of its dance charts . It was also able to reach number-one in Australia and the top-five of the charts in Canada , Ireland , Japan , New Zealand , Spain and the United Kingdom . Madonna has performed the song only once , on The Virgin Tour in 1985 .

neg: Night of Hunters Night of Hunters is the twelfth solo studio album by American singer-songwriter Tori Amos , released on September 20 , 2011 , in the United States through Deutsche Grammophon . It is a concept album that Amos has described as `` a 21st century song cycle inspired by classical music themes spanning over 400 years . '' She pays tribute to classical composers such as Alkan , Bach , Chopin , Debussy , Granados , Satie and Schubert , taking inspiration from their original compositions to create new , independent songs . Regarding the album 's concept , she has described it as the exploration of `` the hunter and the hunted and how both exist within us '' through the story of `` a woman who finds herself in the dying embers of a relationship . ''   Night of Hunters is Amos 's first studio album recorded using only acoustic instruments , relying solely on her vocals and classically trained piano skills , along with a variety of accompanying string and woodwind instruments , to create its classical sound . Additionally , to record this album Amos broke a nearly 15-year-long collaboration with her studio and touring bandmates , choosing to work with a variety of new musicians , including the Berlin Philharmonic 's principal clarinetist , Andreas Ottensamer , and the award-winning string quartet , Apollon Musagète , while enlisting her daughter , Natashya Hawley , and niece , Kelsey Dobyns , as guest vocalists . Night of Hunters also marks the twentieth anniversary of her long-time collaboration with John Philip Shenale , who has contributed arrangements to most of her albums , beginning with her solo debut , Little Earthquakes ( 1992 ) .   The album is Amos ' first release on a classical music label . Like her previous releases , it is available in both standard and deluxe CD formats , digital format , as well as limited edition vinyl . Amos also released an entirely instrumental version of the album entitled Night of Hunters -- Sin Palabras ( without words ) available only to download .   The main promotional single released from the album is `` Carry '' , a variation on La fille aux cheveux de lin by Debussy .

neg: Another Suitcase in Another Hall `` Another Suitcase in Another Hall '' is a song recorded by Scottish singer Barbara Dickson , for the 1976 concept album , Evita , which contains songs from the musical of the same name . The musical was based on the life of Argentinian leader Eva Perón . Written by Tim Rice and Andrew Lloyd Webber , the song is presented during a sequence where Eva throws out her husband 's mistress on the streets . The latter sings the track , wondering about her future and coming to the conclusion that she would be fine . Dickson was enlisted by the songwriters to record the track after hearing her previous work .   Rice and Webber asked her to record the song using a higher than usual pitch , so that she sounded younger like her character . Featuring instrumentation from guitar , marimba , harp and keyboard , `` Another Suitcase in Another Hall '' finds Dickson singing in a soprano voice . Critically appreciated , the song was released as a single on 7 February 1977 , and reached number 18 on the UK Singles Chart . Dickson has stated that she did not like her recorded version of the track and employed a different arrangement during her future live renditions .   The song has been covered and performed many times by other artists , namely Elaine Paige , Marti Webb , Kimberley Walsh from British girl group Girls Aloud , as well as actress Samantha Barks . Another notable version was recorded by American singer Madonna who played the part of Eva for the 1996 film adaptation of the musical . It was released on 3 March 1997 , by Warner Bros. as the third and final single from the film 's soundtrack . Unlike the musical , in the film the track was sung by Madonna 's character instead of the mistress . Upon its release , the song garnered positive response from music critics and reached the top-ten of the charts in Italy and the United Kingdom .

neg: The Girlie Show: Live Down Under The Girlie Show : Live Down Under is a video album by American singer-songwriter Madonna . It was released by Warner Music Vision , Warner Reprise Video and Maverick Records on April 25 , 1994 and included a date filmed at Sydney Cricket Ground on November 19 , 1993 from The Girlie Show World Tour . The video was originally broadcast as a TV special on HBO in 1993 under the title Madonna Live Down Under : The Girlie Show . The concert was directed by Mark `` Aldo '' Miceli , who previously directed the TV specials Blond Ambition : Japan Tour 90 and the Barcelona TV special Madonna-Live ! Blond Ambition World Tour 90 ( live from Barcelona Olympic Stadium on August 1 , 1990 and not the version from the HBO special ) . When re-released on DVD in 1998 , the video was the first ever music video in this format along with another Warner Music title The Three Tenors in Concert .

neg: Tony Berg Anthony Rains `` Tony '' Berg ( born October 21 , 1954 in Connecticut ) is an American musician , record producer , and A&R man , in which role he has been described as an `` industry guru '' .   Berg 's music career began in the late 1970s , when he was a session guitarist who appeared on several notable releases including Air Supply , Debby Boone , The Rocky Horror Picture Show and several Muppet Show releases . It the early 1980s , Berg founded Zeitgeist Studios . His first major success was with Michael Penn 's 1989 debut March . From there Berg went on to produce Edie Brickell , Public Image Limited , Altered State , and Aimee Mann as well as an extensive collection of other artists .   In the early 1990s , Berg became an A&R exec with Geffen Records where he played a role in signing artists such as Beck , Wild Colonials , Black Rebel Motorcycle Club , At the Drive-In etc. . During this time he continued to produce records and play on a wide variety of releases including Peter Gabriel 's Up .   In 2004 Berg founded Three Records with industry veteran Michael Rosenblatt and super producer Eric Valentine . Their first release was Mellowdrone 's Box .

neg: Let Me Hold You `` Let Me Hold You '' is a song by American rapper Bow Wow . It was the first single off his fourth album , Wanted ( 2005 ) . Released on March 11 , 2005 , the song features American R&B singer Omarion ( the first collaboration they did together ) . It was co-written and co-produced by frequent producer Jermaine Dupri and No I.D. and uses a sample of Luther Vandross ' 1985 version of Brenda Russell 's `` If Only for One Night '' .   The song received positive reviews from critics . `` Let Me Hold You '' peaked at number four on the Billboard Hot 100 , making this the first top 10 hit for both Bow Wow and for Omarion as a solo artist . It also became a number-one hit for both artists on the Hot Rap Songs chart and stayed there for seven weeks . The song also peaked at numbers 2 and 10 on the Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs and Mainstream Top 40 charts respectively , and reached the top 40 in countries like Australia , New Zealand , Ireland and the UK . The song was certified Platinum by the RIAA for selling over 1,000,000 copies . A music video , directed by Bryan Barber , was made to promote the single and featured Bow Wow and Omarion hanging out at a house party .

neg: Take a Break Take a Break is the fourth album by Me First and the Gim me Gimmes , released on July 1 , 2003 , on Fat Wreck Chords independent record label .   The album consists entirely of cover versions of R&B songs . Like its predecessor , Blow in the Wind , several tracks are led off with appropriations of classic punk ( or related genres like new wave ) riffs ( `` Crazy '' incorporates `` Six Pack '' by Black Flag , `` Save the Best for Last '' includes `` Pretty Vacant '' by The Sex Pistols , and `` I 'll Be There '' borrows the intro from The Cars ' `` Just What I Needed '' ) .

neg: A Song for You (The Carpenters album) A Song for You is the fourth album released by Carpenters , released on June 22 , 1972 . According to Richard Carpenter , `` A Song for You was intended to be a concept album ( of sorts ) with the title tune opening and closing the set and the bookended selections comprising the ` song ' . ''   In Cash Boxs Top 100 Albums of 1972 , A Song for You was ranked number 26 .   Six songs were released as A-side singles internationally : `` Hurting Each Other '' , `` It 's Going to Take Some Time '' , `` Goodbye to Love '' , `` Top of the World '' , `` I Wo n't Last a Day Without You '' , and `` Bless the Beasts and Children '' .

neg: Take Cover Take Cover may refer to :   Take Cover ( album ) , an album by Queensrÿche  Take Cover ( EP ) , an EP by Mr. Big , or the title song  Take Cover an EP released by Philmont

neg: Papa Don't Preach `` Papa Do n't Preach '' is a song by American singer Madonna from her third studio album True Blue ( 1986 ) . The song was written by Brian Elliot with additional lyrics by Madonna , and produced by Stephen Bray and Madonna . The song also appears remixed on the 1990 compilation album The Immaculate Collection and in its original form on the 2009 compilation album Celebration . The song 's musical style combines pop and classical styling , and its lyrics deal with teenage pregnancy and abortion . It was based on teen gossip Elliot heard outside his studio , which has a large front window that doubles as a mirror where schoolgirls from the North Hollywood High School in Los Angeles regularly stopped to fix their hair and chat .   Released as the album 's second single in mid-1986 , the song was a commercial success . It became Madonna 's fourth number-one single on the Billboard Hot 100 , and performed well internationally , reaching the top position in the United Kingdom and Australia . It was well received by music critics and was frequently cited as a highlight in the album . The music video , directed by James Foley , shows Madonna 's second image makeover , featuring her with a more toned and muscular body , and cropped platinum blonde hair . It portrayed a storyline where Madonna is trying to tell her father about her pregnancy . The images are juxtaposed with shots of Madonna dancing and singing in a small , darkened studio , and spending a romantic evening with her boyfriend .   Shortly after its release , the song caused heated discussions about its lyrical content . Women 's organizations and others in the family planning field criticized Madonna for encouraging teenage pregnancy , while groups opposed to abortion saw the song as having a positive pro-life message . Madonna has performed `` Papa Do n't Preach '' in four of her world tours , most recently The MDNA Tour in 2012 . The song also caused her first conflict with the Vatican , as she dedicated it to Pope John Paul II , who urged Italian fans to boycott her concerts during the Who 's That Girl World Tour in 1987 . In 2002 , British singer Kelly Osbourne recorded a hard rock cover of the song which was included as a bonus track on her debut album Shut Up .

neg: Bring Me the Head of Rachel Stamp EP The Bring Me The Head Of ... Rachel Stamp EP was Rachel Stamp 's final release through WEA . It was released in November 1996 on three formats - CD Single , Limited Edition 10 '' vinyl of 1000 copies and cassette . A promotional single was also issued to radio stations featuring the EP 's first track , `` Madonna ... Cher ... '' . Unlike previous singles , there was no promotional video made to promote the EP .

neg: Can't Take Me Home Ca n't Take Me Home is the debut album by singer P!nk , released in the United States on April 4 , 2000 by LaFace Records . It produced three singles -- `` There You Go '' , `` Most Girls '' , and `` You Make Me Sick '' , and peaked at number twenty-six on the U.S. Billboard 200 . Producers included Kevin `` She ` kspere '' Briggs , Babyface , Kandi Burruss , Terence `` Tramp Baby '' Abney , Daryl Simmons , and Tricky . Pink shared co-writing credit on seven of the album 's tracks . This album featured a contemporary R&B sound with `` skittering , post-jungle rhythm for the bedrock of these savvy , club-ready dance-pop productions -- a sound exploited expertly on TLC 's record '' . Pink moved to a more pop-rock oriented sound on her follow-up albums . She later went on to admit that during the period of promoting this album she felt stifled , as it was not reflective of her true musical ambitions .

neg: Just Whitney Just Whitney is the fifth studio album by American recording artist Whitney Houston , released on December 10 , 2002 in North America by Arista Records . It was her first studio album in four years , since 1998 's My Love Is Your Love , and after signing her new $ 100 million Arista contract in 2001 .   The album debuted at number nine on the Billboard 200 , and number three of Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums , with sales of 205,147 copies in the first week , not only beating her previous high first-week sales of 177,284 units with the Waiting to Exhale soundtrack but also logged her highest debut sales out of her SoundScan-era solo albums . The album received mixed reviews from music critics .   It spawned four official singles -- with three ; `` Whatchulookinat '' , `` Love That Man '' and `` Try It on My Own '' peaking at number one on Billboards Hot Dance Club Play chart . `` Try It on My Own '' also peaked at number 10 on Billboards Adult Contemporary singles . Since its release , Just Whitney ... has gone on to sell/ship more than 2 million units worldwide and has also earned Platinum certification in the US and Switzerland and Gold in France , Brazil and other countries . As of 2012 , the album 's US sales stand at approximately 1 million units . In 2003 , Just Whitney ... was nominated at the Soul Train Lady of Soul Awards in the category for Best R&B / Soul Album of the Year .

neg: The Look of Love (Madonna song) `` The Look of Love '' is a song by American singer Madonna from the soundtrack album to the 1987 film Who 's That Girl . It was the third and final single release from the album and was released on November 25 , 1987 by Sire Records . While shooting for the film , then called Slammer , Madonna had requested that producer Patrick Leonard develop a downtempo song that captured the nature of her film persona . She later wrote the lyrics and melody to the backing track developed by Leonard , and the song became `` The Look of Love '' . Madonna was also inspired by actor James Stewart 's performance in the 1954 film Rear Window .   Featuring instrumentation from percussion , the song begins with a low bass synth line and a slow backing track , followed by Madonna singing the lyrics . Critically appreciated as a haunting track and noted as a `` gem '' on the album , `` The Look of Love '' reached the top ten of the charts in Belgium , Ireland , the Netherlands and the United Kingdom . It also charted in France , Germany and Switzerland , while reaching the top 20 of the Eurochart Hot 100 Singles . Madonna 's only live performances of the song were on her Who 's That Girl World Tour in 1987 . During the performance Madonna pretended that she was lost on the stage , like her film character .

neg: Olivia Records Olivia Records was a collective founded in 1973 to record and market women 's music . Olivia , named after the heroine of a pulp novel by Dorothy Bussy who fell in love with her headmistress at French boarding school , was the brainchild of ten lesbian-feminists ( the Furies Collective and Radicalesbians ) living in Washington , D.C. who wanted to create a feminist organization with an economic base .   Olivia was co-founded by Judy Dlugacz .   In 1973 , the collective put out a 45 with Meg Christian on one side and Cris Williamson on the other . Yoko Ono responded and said that she wanted to do a side project with Olivia , but the collective politely declined . Without making themselves dependent on any high-profile person , they made $ 12,000 with that 45 , enough to put out singer Meg Christian 's first record , and soon after , Williamson 's groundbreaking album The Changer and the Changed .   Sandy Stone was Olivia 's sound engineer from ca. 1974-1978 , recording and mixing all Olivia product during this period . She resigned as the controversy over her working for a lesbian-identified enterprise increased because she was a transgender woman . The debate continued in Janice Raymond 's book The Transsexual Empire , which devoted a chapter to criticism of `` the transsexually constructed lesbian-feminist '' .   In 1977 , after repeated criticism by Anita Bryant , Olivia put out Lesbian Concentrate , a collection of songs and poetry with part of the proceeds going to benefit the Lesbian Mothers National Defense Fund . Included on the 13 track LP is Meg Christian 's `` Ode To A Gym Teacher '' and Sue Fink 's `` Leaping Lesbians '' .   Olivia moved first to Los Angeles to stay on top of the burgeoning music scene and then to Oakland . The remaining five women of the collective , who had been pooling their money and even living together for the previous seven years , began to disperse . Olivia stopped putting out new records and instead performed a series of 15th anniversary concerts in 1988 . The two concerts at Carnegie Hall in New York City were the largest grossing concerts at that venue in its history . Yet , The New York Times barely mentioned the show .   Even though Olivia Records released world music and salsa records , they were most successful with acoustic solo acts , although sometimes they failed to identify mainstream talent . In 1985 , singer/songwriter Melissa Etheridge , then a struggling Los Angeles artist , sent her demo to Olivia , but was ultimately rejected . Etheridge went on to become one of the most popular female performers of the 1990s and arguably the most successful lesbian musician of all time . She saved the rejection letter , signed by `` the women of Olivia , '' which was featured in Intimate Portrait , the Lifetime Television documentary of her life .   Unable to reinvent themselves for the changing musical landscape for women , from riot grrl to Lilith Fair to Ani Difranco , Olivia could no longer sustain itself as a record label .   Olivia Records founded Olivia , the lesbian cruise line , in 1988 .

neg: My Aim Is True My Aim Is True is the debut album by English singer-songwriter Elvis Costello .   The album was recorded at Pathway Studios in Highbury , London Borough of Islington , over the course of 1976 during late-night studio sessions , in a total of approximately twenty-four hours . It was the first of five consecutive Costello albums produced by Nick Lowe and cost # 2,000 to record . The backing band was made up of members of Clover , but they were uncredited on the original release due to contractual difficulties ; some early publicity for the album identified the backing band as `` The Shamrocks '' .   In 1977 Rolling Stone magazine named the album one of the best of the year . In 2003 , the TV network VH1 named My Aim Is True the 80th greatest album of all time . In 2003 , the album was ranked number 168 on Rolling Stone magazine 's list of The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time . In 2004 , it was ranked 37 of the top 100 albums of the 1970s by Pitchfork which reported the album to be `` held by many as the most impressive debut in pop music history . '' In 2007 , the album was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame .

neg: Maripol Maripol is an artist , film producer , fashion designer and stylist who has had an influence on the looks of many influential artists , including Grace Jones , Deborah Harry and Madonna . She is also a Polaroid artist photographer .   Maripol was brought up in France before moving to New York City in 1976 . In the early 1980s , Maripol was the art director for hip Italian boutique Fiorucci . By the mid-80s , Maripol had achieved some success with her own shop , Maripolitan , in the NoHo area of New York .   Maripol is best known for designing for and styling pop singer Madonna during the Madonna and Like a Virgin albums in the mid-1980s . Maripol 's trademark black rubber bracelets , jewellery and crucifixes became as iconic as Madonna herself in these early years . She also made a line of official Madonna jewellery and accessories for the Like a Virgin tour .   At the same time she directed documentary films , such as `` Crack is whack '' on 1980s artist Keith Haring .   She has also worked as a film producer , most notably on the post-production of Downtown 81 , a film starring artist Jean-Michel Basquiat and featuring Blondie lead singer Deborah Harry , and with musical interludes by many New York No Wave bands . The movie , directed by then partner Edo Bertoglio and written and produced by Glenn O'Brien , was filmed in 1980-81 as New York Beat . However , it was not until the late 1990s that the film was edited and released ( as Downtown 81 ) . O'Brien and Executive Producer Michael Zilkha enlisted Maripol to work on post-production to complete the film before its 2000 release , and debut at the Director 's Fortnight at Cannes .   She has been the art director on music videos for Cher , D'Angelo , Elton John , and Luther Vandross .   In February 2010 , Maripol had a collection of jewelry and tee shirts in the Marc by Marc Jacobs stores , inspired by the jewelry she created in the 80s .   Early 2014 , Maripol released `` MARIPOLA X '' , a book about her erotic Polaroid pictures , including many from the 80s ( Grace Jones , Madonna , Naomi Campbell , etc. ) . The same year , she published `` Love Each other '' , her first record as singer with the French composer and producer which followed her collaboration with the French fashion label Each x Other .


query: Adrienne Bailon is a Canadian.

pos: Adrienne Bailon Adrienne Eliza Houghton ( née Bailon ; born October 24 , 1983 ) is an American singer-songwriter , recording artist , actress , dancer and television personality . Adrienne Bailon first became publicly known when she rose to fame as one of the founding members and singer of both 3LW ( 1999 -- 2007 ) and Disney 's The Cheetah Girls ( 2003 -- 2008 ) .   Bailon recorded a debut solo album which was later shelved . Since then , Bailon has stated that she plans to record a Spanish-language solo album .   Aside from her work in 3LW and The Cheetah Girls , Bailon went on to develop her own acting career with roles in The Cheetah Girls films , Coach Carter and the MTV film All You 've Got . Aside from her work in film , she has also guest starred in numerous television series including the Disney Channel series That 's So Raven and The Suite Life of Zack & Cody . Bailon has established a solo music career , contributing two solo tracks , including `` What If '' , to The Cheetah Girls : One World soundtrack as well as the Confessions of a Shopaholic soundtrack , and numerous other guest musical ventures .   Bailon co-stars alongside television personality , model and actress Julissa Bermudez in their own reality series , Empire Girls : Julissa and Adrienne which airs on the Style Network . Adrienne met Julissa on the set of the 2006 film All You 've Got .   Currently , Bailon is one of the hosts of syndicated talk show The Real along with former fellow Disney Channel star Tamera Mowry , Jeannie Mai , and Loni Love , which premiered on July 15 , 2013 .   Bailon 's career , spanning over 16 years with both 3LW and The Cheetah Girls , has helped her sell a combined 5.6 million recording albums worldwide .

neg: L'Affaire Dumont L'Affaire Dumont is a Canadian drama film , released in 2012 . Written by Danielle Dansereau and directed by Daniel `` Podz '' Grou , the film stars Marc-André Grondin as Michel Dumont , a divorced young father of two who is accused of a sexual assault he did not commit . The film 's cast also includes Geneviève Brouillette , Patrick Hivon and Marilyn Castonguay .   The film garnered seven Canadian Screen Awards nominations at the 1st Canadian Screen Awards , including Best Picture , Best Actor in a Leading Role ( Grondin ) , Best Actress in a Leading Role ( Castonguay ) , Best Art Direction and Production Design ( André Guimond ) , Best Editing ( Valérie Héroux ) , Best Sound Editing ( Pierre-Jules Audet , Michelle Cloutier , Thierry Bourgault D'Amico , Nathalie Fleurant and Cédrick Marin ) and Best Make-Up ( Marlène Rouleau and André Duval ) .

neg: Camille Felton Camille Felton ( born October 21 , 1999 at Laval , Quebec ) is a Canadian actress . She is known for her role as Noémie in Noémie : Le Secret , with Rita Lafontaine and Nicolas Laliberté , and for her role in Le Journal d'Aurélie Laflamme . In 2010 , for her role as Noémie , Felton won the DIAMOND Award for Best Young Actress at the SCHLINGEL International Film Festival in Chemnitz , Germany .

neg: Canada 2011 Census The Canada 2011 Census is a detailed enumeration of the Canadian population on May 10 , 2011 . Statistics Canada , an agency of the Canadian government , conducts a nationwide census every five years . In 2011 , it consisted of a mandatory short form census questionnaire and an inaugural National Household Survey ( NHS ) , a voluntary survey which replaced the mandatory long form census questionnaire ; this substitution was the focus of much controversy . Completion of the ( short form ) census is mandatory for all Canadians , and those who do not complete it may face penalties ranging from fines to jail time .   The Statistics Act mandates a Senate and/or House of Commons ( joint ) committee review of the opt-in clause ( for the release of one 's census records after 92 years ) by 2014 .   The 2011 Census is the fifteenth decennial census and is required by section 8 of the Constitution Act , 1867 . As with other decennial censuses , the data was used to adjust federal electoral district boundaries .   As of August 24 , 2011 , Canada 's overall collection response rate was 98.1 % , up over a full percentage point from 96.5 % in the 2006 Census . Ontario and Prince Edward Island each hold the highest response rate at 98.3 % , while Nunavut holds the lowest response rate at 92.7 % .   In an article in the New York Times in August 2015 , journalist Stephen Marche argued that by ending the mandatory long-form census in 2011 , the federal government `` stripped Canada of its capacity to gather information about itself '' in the `` age of information . '' Nearly 500 organizations in Canada , including the Canadian Medical Association , the Canadian Chamber of Commerce , and the Canadian Catholic Council of Bishops protested the decision to replace the long form Census in 2011 with a shorter version .

neg: Camille Munro Camille Munro ( born September 6 , 1990 ) is a Canadian dancer and beauty pageant titleholder . In 2013 , she became the first woman from Saskatchewan to be named Miss World Canada in 50 years . The competition took place in Richmond , British Columbia . There were 35 contestants at the pageant , but Munro was the only one from Saskatchewan . She said that she planned to use her crown to `` really engage Canadians in what 's in Saskatchewan and let them know that we 're not just a cold province in the winter . '' She also planned to spend the year practicing humanitarianism . Her win secured her entry into the Miss World 2013 pageant in Jakarta , Indonesia that September where she made the top 20 out of 127 contestants . Also that year , Munro graduated from the University of Regina with a bachelor 's degree in human justice . As part of her program , she did an internship with the United Way of Canada . Munro teaches dance to young offenders who are female .

neg: Canada (band) Canada is an American indie folk-pop music group from Ann Arbor , Michigan . Its songs are generally acoustic and feature guitars , drums , cellos , glockenspiels , melodicas , rhodes piano , organ and accordions . The group is known for its group vocals and harmonies and energetic live shows where members switch instruments between songs .   `` With a blend of pop , folk , and country , Canada keeps an even keel with amazing melodies and even more engaging instrumentation , never becoming tiresome or trite in its mission to craft the perfect pop song ... They have made what could very well be the best pop album to come out of the ever-fruitful Detroit music scene in 2006 , and considering the quality of the competition , that 's no small praise . ''   The band , composed of long-time friends , formed in late 2004 and self-released the six song How Dare You EP in July 2005 . Soon after , they were approached by indie Michigan label Quite Scientific and soon signed with them to record a full length album . Recording took place during the fall and winter of 2005 in Lansing , Michigan on a soundboard originally used to mix portions of the second and third Star Wars films .   The band released its first album , This Cursed House , in June 2006 . The album became the No. 1 most-added album in college radio for June 20 , 2006 , and later climbed to No. 13 on the CMJ Radio Top 200 ( CMJ New Music Report , Issue 971 ) .   Canada proceeded to embark on a series of tours with friends Page France ( Suicide Squeeze ) , Saturday Looks Good To Me ( Polyvinyl ) Headlights ( Polyvinyl ) , and Margot and the Nuclear So and So 's . Joe , Ryan , and Aaron ( Shaul ) became brief members of Saturday Looks Good To Me during this time , playing bass , drums , and glockenspiel respectively . Ryan later became a more permanent member with the group and toured with them as their drummer during their 2007 US and European tours . Canada also performed at the 2006 Pygmalion Music Festival in Champaign-Urbana , the 2006/7/8 CMJ Music Marathon in New York City and SXSW 2006/7 in Austin .   Canada embarked on its longest ( 8 week ) nationwide tour in the summer of 2007 . The band was prepping the release of their second full-length ( which would have been called Put Singing Birds Into Your Messy Hair ) , when creative , scheduling , and recording issues put a halt to production in late 2008 . The band currently has no plans to re-unite , despite several offers for reunion concerts in Southeastern Michigan , however their second record may become available digitally sometime in the future .

neg: Quebecor Quebecor Inc. is a communications company based in Montreal , Quebec , Canada . It has been spelled Quebecor in both English and French until May 2012 when shareholders voted to add the acute accent , Québecor , in French only .   It was founded by Pierre Péladeau , and remains run by his family . Quebecor Inc. owns 75 % of Quebecor Media and also formerly owned the printing company Quebecor World .

neg: Culture of Manitoba Manitoban culture is a term that encompasses the artistic elements that are representative of Manitoba . Manitoba 's culture has been influenced by both traditional ( Aboriginal and Métis ) and modern Canadian artistic values , as well as some aspects of the cultures of immigrant populations and its American neighbours . In Manitoba , the Minister of Culture , Heritage , Tourism and Sport is the cabinet minister responsible for promoting and , to some extent , financing Manitoba culture . The Manitoba Arts Council is the agency that has been established to provide the processes for arts funding . The Canadian federal government also plays a role by instituting programs and laws regarding culture nationwide . Most of Manitoba 's cultural activities take place in its capital and largest city , Winnipeg .

neg: Acadians The Acadians ( Acadiens , -LSB- akadjɛ̃ -RSB- ) are the descendants of French colonists who settled in Acadia during the 17th and 18th centuries , some of whom are also Métis . The colony was located in what is now Eastern Canada 's Maritime provinces ( Nova Scotia , New Brunswick , and Prince Edward Island ) , as well as part of Quebec , and present-day Maine to the Kennebec River . Although today most of the Acadians and Québécois are French-speaking ( francophone ) Canadians , Acadia was a distinctly separate colony of New France . It was geographically and administratively separate from the French colony of Canada ( modern-day Quebec ) . As a result , the Acadians and Québécois developed two distinct histories and cultures . They also developed a slightly different French language . France has one official language and to accomplish this they have an administration in charge of the language . Since the Acadians were separated from this council , their French language evolved independently , and Acadians retain several elements of 17th-century French that have been lost in France . The settlers whose descendants became Acadians came from many areas in France , but especially regions such as Île-de-France , Normandy , Brittany , Poitou and Aquitaine . Acadian family names have come from many areas in France . For example , the Maillets are from Paris ; the LeBlancs of Normandy ; the surname Melanson is from Brittany , and those with the surnames Bastarache and Basque came from Aquitaine .   The Acadians lived for almost 80 years in Acadia , prior to the British Conquest of Acadia in 1710 . After the conquest , they refused to sign an unconditional oath for the next forty-five years . During the French and Indian War ( the North American theatre of the Seven Years ' War ) , British colonial officers suspected and later confirmed their allegiance after finding Acadians fighting alongside French troops after conquering Fort Beausejour . The British , together with New England legislators and militia , carried out the Great Expulsion of 1755 -- 1764 during and after the war years . They deported approximately 11,500 Acadians from the maritime region . Approximately one-third perished from disease and drowning . Although one historian compared this event to contemporary ethnic cleansing , other historians suggested that the event is comparable with other deportations in history .   Many Acadians migrated to present day Louisiana state ( known then as Spanish colonial Luisiana ) , where they developed what became known as Cajun culture . Others were transported to France . Some of those were settled secondarily to Louisiana by Henri Peyroux de la Coudreniere . Later on , many Acadians returned to the Maritime provinces of Canada , most specifically New Brunswick . Most who returned ended up in New Brunswick because they were barred by the British from resettling their lands and villages in the land that became Nova Scotia . Before the US Revolutionary War , the Crown settled New England Planters in former Acadian communities and farmland as well as , after the war , Loyalists ( including nearly 3,000 Black Loyalists , who were freed slaves ) . British policy was to assimilate Acadians with the local populations where they resettled .   Acadians speak a dialect of French called Acadian French . Many of those in the Moncton area speak Chiac and English . The Louisiana Cajun descendants speak a dialect of American English called Cajun English , with several also speaking Cajun French , a close relative of the original dialect from Canada influenced by Spanish and West African languages .

neg: Cordon (TV series) Cordon is a 2014 Belgian Dutch-language drama series in 10 parts . It was first broadcast on VTM . The series was written by Carl Joos , directed by Tim Mielants and produced by Eyeworks . The series was also broadcast in the UK on BBC Four from 28 June to 25 July 2015 , in five 2-part installments . An American version , titled Containment , was produced for The CW network and broadcast in 2016 .

neg: Provinces and territories of Canada Canada 's geography is divided into administrative divisions known as provinces and territories that are responsible for delivery of sub-national governance . When Canada was formed in 1867 , three provinces of British North America -- New Brunswick , Nova Scotia and the Province of Canada ( which , on the formation of Canada , was divided into Ontario and Quebec ) -- were united to form a federated colony , which eventually became a sovereign nation in the next century . Over its history , Canada 's international borders have changed several times , and the country has grown from the original four provinces to the current ten provinces and three territories . The ten provinces are Alberta , British Columbia , Manitoba , New Brunswick , Newfoundland and Labrador , Nova Scotia , Ontario , Prince Edward Island , Quebec , and Saskatchewan . Several of the provinces were former British colonies , and Quebec was originally a French colony , while others were added as Canada grew . The three territories are Northwest Territories , Nunavut , and Yukon , which govern the rest of the area of the former British North America . Together , the provinces and territories make up the world 's second-largest country by area .   The major difference between a Canadian province and a territory is that provinces receive their power and authority from the Constitution Act , 1867 ( formerly called the British North America Act , 1867 ) , whereas territorial governments have powers delegated to them by the Parliament of Canada . The powers flowing from the Constitution Act are divided between the federal government and the provincial governments to exercise exclusively . A change to the division of powers between the federal government and the provinces requires a constitutional amendment , whereas a similar change affecting the territories can be performed unilaterally by the Parliament of Canada or government .   In modern Canadian constitutional theory , the provinces are considered to be co-sovereign divisions and each province has its own `` Crown '' represented by the lieutenant governor . The territories are not sovereign , but simply part of the federal realm , and have a commissioner who represents the federal government .   __ TOC __

neg: O Canada (TV series) O Canada is a Canadian-American animated television anthology series , broadcast in the United States on Cartoon Network . O Canada was the first Canadian cartoon series to air on Cartoon Network .   Shown mainly on Sunday nights ( early Monday mornings ) at 12:00 midnight ET , O Canada featured a selection of animated shorts from Canada , mostly from the archives of the National Film Board of Canada . Some of the animated shorts featured were part of the NFB 's Canada Vignettes collection of shorts first produced for CBC Television .   The title of the series originated from the name of Canada 's national anthem , O Canada .   One of the notable shorts featured in this series was Bob 's Birthday , which would later serve as the basis for Comedy Central / Global Television Network 's Bob and Margaret series , which would debut the following year . Despite its time slot , Bob 's Birthday was censored with one scene , that featured Bob fully bottomless , edited with a maple leaf electronically superimposed over his genitalia .

neg: Bretton's Bretton 's was a high-end department store in Canada from 1985 to 1996 .   The first two Bretton 's stores were opened in Ottawa in 1985 by the parent company , Comark Incorporated . Comark ( founded 1976 ) , owned by the Brenninkmeijer family of the Netherlands , had owned many retail chains including Ricki 's , Bootlegger , Clark Shoes , Collacut Luggage and D'Aillards . The family also owns the C&A chain of department stores in Europe .   Brettons sold clothing and cosmetics , in order to focus on high-margin , high-turn merchandise . Their stores were typically 60,000 square feet ( 6,000 m ² ) , smaller than a typical department store .   Comark aimed to establish 40 to 50 branches of Bretton 's , but was blocked by existing department stores who generally had clauses in their shopping centre leases allowing them to approve or reject leases to other stores

neg: Canada China Business Council The Canada China Business Council or CCBC ( French : Conseil d'affaires Canada-Chine , Chinese : 加中贸易理事会 ) is a private , non-profit business association founded in 1978 to facilitate and promote business , trade and investment between Canada and People 's Republic of China . CCBC has offices in Toronto , Vancouver , Montreal , Calgary , Beijing , and Shanghai . CCBC is the de facto Canadian chamber of commerce in Beijing . It also has business incubators in Beijing , Shanghai , Montreal , and Calgary to help Canadian companies grow in China , and Chinese investors to succeed in Canada .

neg: Côte-Nord Côte-Nord ( -LSB- kot nɔʁ -RSB- , French for `` North Shore '' , area 247,633.94 km ² ) is the second largest administrative region by land area in Quebec , Canada , after Nord-du-Québec . It covers much of the northern shore of the Saint Lawrence River estuary and the Gulf of Saint Lawrence past Tadoussac .   While most of the region is in the same time zone as the rest of Quebec , the far eastern portion east of the 63rd meridian , including half of Anticosti Island , is officially in the Atlantic Time Zone .

neg: Association of Colleges and Universities of the Canadian Francophonie Association of Colleges and Universities of the Canadian Francophonie ( known by the acronym ACUFC for its French name , `` Association des collèges et universités de la francophonie canadienne '' ) promotes community college and university education in minority francophone communities in Canada , through cooperation between its member institutions . In the community it serves , each member institution plays a crucial role in cultural , social and economic development . The Association represents its member institutions on topics of mutual interest before the Government of Canada , national and international organizations . Up until 1 April 2015 , the organisation was known as the Association of Universities of the Canadian Francophonie , or in French , Association des universités de la francophonie canadienne ( AUFC ) , when it did not include community college members .

neg: Constitution of Quebec The constitution of Quebec comprises a set of legal rules which fall in either one of the follow categories :   The provisions of the Constitution Act , 1867 pertaining to the provinces of Canada in general and Quebec in particular ;  The organic laws relative to the distribution of powers of Quebec and the individual rights of persons . These are composed of some fifteen laws , the main ones being An Act respecting the National Assembly , the Executive Power Act , the Election Act , the Referendum Act , the Charter of human rights and freedoms , the Charter of the French language , etc. ;  Most of the constitutional conventions concerned with the Crown of Canada , the Executive and the Parliament ;  The common law rules on the royal prerogative exercised by the Lieutenant Governor of Quebec ;  The case law of the courts of Quebec and the federal courts of Canada ;   The Parliament of Quebec has the power to modify certain parts of Quebec 's provincial constitution , while certain other parts can only be modified by going through the process of amending the Constitution of Canada .

neg: Blue Grit A Blue Grit , also known as a Blue Liberal or Business Liberal is a member or supporter of the Liberal Party of Canada or many of the provincial Liberal parties who adheres to fiscal conservatism and is supportive of pro-business policies , and thus is right-leaning fiscally and economically , but generally socially progressive . Notable Blue Grits include John Manley , Martha Hall Findlay , Paul Martin , Frank McKenna , and Roy MacLaren . The term would generally also encompass many former Progressive Conservative Party of Canada members who are now Liberals , such as David Orchard , John Herron and Scott Brison , former Red Tories who were socially progressive and found the Conservative Party of Canada , a merger of the Progressive Conservatives with the Canadian Alliance , too right-wing in its policies .

neg: Canadian studies Canadian studies is a college-level study of Canadian culture , the spoken languages of Canada , Canadian literature , Quebec , agriculture in Canada , the history of Canada , and Canadian government and politics .   Most universities that offer the discipline recommend that students take a double major ( e.g. Political Science , International Relations ) or French , if not included in the course . Some careers for students who take Canadian studies include the foreign service and working at Canadian embassies or the foreign embassies in Canada .   Scholars known for their work in Canadian studies include Fernand Ouellet , Linda Hutcheon , George Ramsay Cook , William T. R. Fox , Annette Baker Fox , Susan Swan , Christl Verduyn , Sergey Rogov , and George Melnyk . The Governor General 's International Award for Canadian Studies is an award for excellence in the field and was established in 1995 by the International Council for Canadian Studies .

neg: Association in Defence of the Wrongly Convicted The Association in Defence of the Wrongly Convicted ( AIDWYC ) is a Canadian , non-profit legal organization with its headquarters in Toronto , Ontario . AIDWYC is committed to identifying , advocating for , and exonerating individuals who have been convicted of a serious crime which they did not commit and to preventing future wrongful convictions through education and justice system reform . AIDWYC was founded in 1993 by a group of volunteers who organized the Justice for Guy Paul Morin Committee . Applications to AIDWYC can be made by the convicted person or another interested party and/or through the recommendation of a lawyer .   For many years AIDWYC was headed by Rubin `` Hurricane '' Carter who had himself been wrongly convicted in the United States .

neg: Australian Canadians Australian Canadians are Canadian citizens of Australian descent or Australian-born people who reside in Canada . According to the 2011 Census there were 36,350 Canadians who claimed full or partial Australian ancestry .   Both are among the most developed countries and share historical connections , language , similar customs and among others , they also have Elizabeth II as their Head of State as both are also Commonwealth realms .


query: Bal Gangadhar Tilak died on August 1, 1920.

pos: Bal Gangadhar Tilak Bal Gangadhar Tilak ( or Lokmanya Tilak , ; 23 July 1856 -- 1 August 1920 ) , born as Keshav Gangadhar Tilak , was an Indian nationalist , teacher , social reformer , lawyer and an independence activist . He was the first leader of the Indian Independence Movement . The British colonial authorities called him `` Father of the Indian unrest . '' He was also conferred with the title of `` Lokmanya '' , which means `` accepted by the people ( as their leader ) '' .   Tilak was one of the first and strongest advocates of Swaraj ( `` self-rule '' ) and a strong radical in Indian consciousness . He is known for his quote in Marathi , '' स्वराज्य हा माझा जन्मसिद्ध हक्क आहे आणि तो मी मिळवणारच '' ( `` Swarajya is my birthright and I shall have it ! '' ) in India . He formed a close alliance with many Indian National Congress leaders including Bipin Chandra Pal , Lala Lajpat Rai , Aurobindo Ghose , V. O. Chidambaram Pillai and Muhammad Ali Jinnah .

neg: S. A. Ayer Subbier Appadurai Ayer ( 14 April 1898 -- 1 April 1980 ) was the Minister for Publicity and Propaganda in Subhas Chandra Bose 's Azad Hind Government between 1943 and 1945 , and later a key defence witness during the first of the INA trials .  Ayer had travelled to Bangkok in November 1940 as a Special correspondent for Reuters before joining the Indian Independence League . In October 1943 , Ayer was appointed the Minister of publicity and propaganda in the nascent Azad Hind Government .   Following the successful Allied Burma Campaign and the fall of Rangoon , Ayer retreated out of Burma with Bose and about 100 members of the Rani of Jhansi Regiment by foot for Bangkok and onwards to Singapore . After the Japanese surrender , Ayer was chosen to leave Singapore for an unknown destination together with Bose and two other members of the Azad Hind cabinet . On Bose 's last flight from Formosa to an unknown destination , there was no room for Ayer . The plane crashed on August 17 , 1945 and Bose died the following day . Ayer was flown from Tokyo to Delhi in November 1945 to give evidence in the Red Fort Trials and became a key defence witness in the first trial . In 1951 , Ayer published his personal accounts of the Indian National Army and Subhas Chandra Bose called `` Unto Him a Witness : The Story of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose in East Asia , Bombay , 1951 '' .

neg: Barapali Barpali a small town , a Notified Area Council ( NAC ) and a block ( Tehsil ) within the Bargarh district in the state of Odisha , India . This town has its own significance in the state of Odisha and its culture and arts with respect to the great Odia Poet Gangadhar Meher , who was born here in 1862 AD . Known for his tremendous contribution to the Odia literature in the form of numerous magnificent poetic-collections ( Kavyavali ) mostly through his unique touch of devotional , mythological and vastly nature-connecting narratives . Some of his great Poetry works were : Tapaswini , Pranaya-Ballari , Kichaka-Vadha , Indumati , Rasa-Ratnakara , Balaram-Dev , Ayodhya Drusya , Padmini etc. , which have been critically acclaimed by literature scholars across the globe . Aptly , he was known as the Swabhaba Kavi of the Odia literature amongst his contemporaries .

neg: Poona Sarvajanik Sabha Poona Sarvajanik Sabha was founded by Mahadev Govind Ranade .  Pune Sarvajanik Sabha , , was a sociopolitical organisation in British India which started with the aim of working as a mediating body between the government and people of India and to popularise the peasants legal rights . It started as an elected body of 95 members elected by 6000 persons on April 2 , 1870 . The organisation was a precursor to the Indian National Congress which started with its first session from Maharashtra itself . The Pune Sarvajanik Sabha provided many of the prominent leaders of national stature to the Indian freedom struggle including Bal Gangadhar Tilak .  It was formed in 1870 by S. H. Chiplunkar , Ganesh Vasudeo Joshi , Mahadev Govind Ranade , et al. .   The ruler of the Aundh State , Bhawanrao Shriniwasrao Pant Pratinidhi was the first President of the organisation . Many eminent personalities such as Bal Gangadhar Tilak , Gopal Hari Deshmukh , Maharshi Annasaheb Patwardhan , etc. served as the Presidents of the organisation .   In 2016 , Meera Pavagi was elected as the first woman President of the organisation .

neg: Shapland Hugh Swinny Shapland Hugh Swinny ( 30 January 1857 , Dublin -- 31 August 1923 , London ) was an Irish economist and Comtean positivist .   Shapland Hugh Swinny was born in Dublin in 1857 , the son of Captain Shapland Swiny . He was educated at St John 's College , Cambridge , graduating B.A. in 1880 and M.A. in 1884 .   He joined the London Positivist Society immediately after graduating from Cambridge and succeeded Edward Spencer Beesly as President of the London Positivist Society ( 1901 -- 1923 ) . He also was editor of the Positivist Review .   He was the Chairman of the Council of the Sociological Society from 1907 to 1909 .   He was a co-founder of the Church of Humanity , together with Philip Thomas .   Swinny was a personal friend of several Indian nationalists , including Bal Gangadhar Tilak .   Shapland Hugh Swinny died in 1923 .

neg: Indian National Association The Indian National Association also known as Indian Association was the first avowed nationalist organization founded in British India by Surendranath Banerjee and Ananda Mohan Bose in 1876 . The objectives of this Association were `` promoting by every legitimate means the political , intellectual and material advancement of the people '' . The Association attracted educated Indians and civic leaders from all parts of the country , and became an important forum for India 's aspirations for independence . It later merged with the Indian National Congress .

neg: V. G. Deshpande Vishnu Ghanashyam Deshpande was an Indian politician . Deshpande was the general secretary of the Akhil Bharatiya Hindu Mahasabha .   Deshpande took part in the civil resisters ' mission of the Hindu Mahasabha to the Hyderabad state in March 1939 , to protest against the Nizam 's rule .   During the period of 1948 to 1952 , Deshpande was repeatedly targeted by preventive arrests . At a 27 January 1948 he had denounced Mohandas Gandhi , claiming Gandhi was responsible for the Partition of India . After the murder of Gandhi three days later by a Hindu Mahasabha member , Deshpande was arrested .   In the 1951 general election , Deshpande managed to get elected from two Lok Sabha constituencies ( Gwalior and Guna ) . In Guna he obtained 56,518 votes ( 40.70 % of the votes in the constituency ) , defeating the Indian National Congress candidate Gopi Krishna Vijayvargiya . In Gwailor he got 65,695 votes ( 45.49 % ) , defeating the Vaidehi Charan Parashar . He renounced his Gwailor seat , to enable Hindu Mahasabha president N. B. Khare to contest it in a by-election .   Deshpande lost his parliamentary seat in the 1957 general election to Rajmata Vijayraje Scindia of the Indian National Congress . He finished second with 58,521 votes ( 33.04 % of the votes in Guna ) . He later joined the Bharatiya Jana Sangh .   In early 1964 , Deshpande called for on the Indian and Pakistani governments to initiate a population exchange , transporting the Hindu minority of Pakistan to India and expelling the Muslims of West Bengal and Assam to Pakistan .   V. G. Deshpande took part in the foundation of the Vishwa Hindu Parishad in 1964 .

neg: Social movement in India From the early 1970s new forms of social mobilisation began in India . They gained a variety of names such as social movement , people 's movement , popular movements etc. . These movements emerged and highlighted some of the major issues such as gender and environment .   One of the leading analyst and participant in social movements in India , Sanjay Sangvi , identified the major agendas of them as `` Movements of landless , unorganised labour in rural and urban areas , adivasis , dalits , displaced people , peasants , urban poor , small entrepreneurs and unemployed youth took up the issues of livelihood , opportunities , dignity and development . ''   Most well known movements in the country are Chipko movement , Save Silent Valley , Narmada Bachao Andolan , Koel Karo , Chhattisgarh Mukti Morcha , Jhola Aandolan chutmarika ( fighting polythene ) , Appiko movement , Save Kudremukh , Lok Satta Movement , Swadhyay Movement , Swatantra Sharad Joshi , Karnataka Rajya Raitha Sangha   These movements largely distanced themselves from political parties , or tried to cut across the ideologies of the political parties . Yet many of them rooted themselves or drew from ideologies of the Mahatma Gandhi , various shades environmentalisms or gender politics , or socialism .   The most recent of social movements is ` Campaign against corruption ' , April 2011 , led by a group of social activists - Anna Hazare , Arvind Kejriwal , Kiran Bedi , a Gandhian sits on , Sri Ram Burgula the heart of New Delhi , capital of India , for fast unto death , demanding enactment of the long pending Jan Lokpal Bill . This movement got support of general masses and media . This created a buzz when political leaders were denied sharing of dias with the social activists . This movement is a landmark in the constitutional history of independent India , which has forced government to include 5 non-official members in the Sri Ram Burgula Bill Drafting committee . Usually , only ministers are members of any legislation drafting committees . While enactment of the law and action by Sri Ram Burgula and Sri Ram Burgula ( ombudsmen ) will take some more time to be on actual ground , this movement has certainly made corruption a major social issue in India .   Some of the popular leaders of such movements are Sunderlal Bahuguna , Medha Patkar , Baba Amte , Vandana Shiva , Vijaypal Baghel , etc. .

neg: Teen Murti Bhavan The Teen Murti Bhavan ( Teen Murti House ) is the former residence of the first Prime Minister of India , Jawaharlal Nehru in Delhi , India , who stayed here for 16 years until his death on May 27 , 1964 . It was designed by Robert Tor Russell , the British architect of Connaught Place and of the Eastern and Western Courts on Janpath during the British Raj . Teen Murti Bhavan was built in 1930 as part of the new imperial capital of India , New Delhi as the residence of the Commander-in-Chief of the British Indian Army .   Today , Teen Murti houses various institutions including the Nehru Memorial Museum and Library ( NMML ) , which runs under the Indian Ministry of Culture , and has Dr. Karan Singh as the chairman of its Executive Council . The complex also houses the offices of the ` Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund ' , established in 1964 under the Chairmanship of Dr S. Radhakrishnan , then President of India . Teen Murti Bhavan also contains a number of mementos from various nations including England , Nepal , Somalia , China , etc. . Each memento represents a notable resource of each nation . The foundation also awards the ` Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fellowship ' , established in 1968 .   Also contained within the complex are the ` Centre for Contemporary Studies ' and the Nehru Planetarium which opened in 1984 .

neg: Sri Prakasa Sri Prakasa ( 3 August 1890 -- 23 June 1971 ) was an Indian politician , freedom-fighter and administrator . He served as India 's first High Commissioner to Pakistan from 1947 to 1949 , Governor of Assam from 1949 to 1950 , Governor of Madras from 1952 to 1956 and Governor of Bombay from 1956 to 1962 .   Sri Prakasa was born in Varanasi in 1890 . In his early days , he participated in the Indian independence movement and was jailed . After India 's independence , he served as an administrator and cabinet minister . Sri Prakasa died in 1971 at the age of 80 .

neg: V. Balakrishnan (author) V. Balakrishnan ( b. in Katappattoor near Pala , 13 February 1932 ; d. at Pala , 2 August 2004 ) was a prolific Malayalam writer and translator of texts between Malayalam , Sanskrit and English . He participated in the Indian independence movement , which resulted in his expulsion from college .

neg: Devakanta Barua Dev Kant Barooah ( 22 February 1914 -- 28 January 1996 ) was an Indian politician from Assam , who served as the President of the Indian National Congress during the Emergency ( 1975 -- 77 ) . He is now chiefly remembered for his sycophancy to Prime Minister Indira Gandhi , encapsulated by his c. 1974 proclamation that `` India is Indira . Indira is India . '' However , he later parted ways with her and joined Congress ( Urs ) , later renamed as Indian Congress ( Socialist ) . He was the Governor of Bihar from 1 February 1971 to 4 February 1973 . He died in New Delhi .   Barua was a noted poet as well . His collection of Assamese poems , Sagar Dekhisa , is still very popular . He was the elder brother of famous Assamese poet Nabakanta Barua .

neg: Pollution of the Ganges Pollution of the Ganges ( or Ganga ) , the largest river in India , poses significant threats to human health and the larger environment . Severely polluted with human waste and industrial contaminants , the river provides water to about 40 % of India 's population across 11 states , serving an estimated population of 500 million people or more , more than any other river in the world .   Today , Ganges is considered to be the fifth most polluted river in the world . Raghubir Singh has noted that no one in India spoke of the Ganges as polluted until the late 1970s . However , pollution has been an old and continuous process in the river as by the time people were finally speaking of the Ganges as polluted , stretches of over six hundred kilometers were essentially ecologically dead zones .   A number of initiatives have been undertaken to clean the river but failed to deliver desired results . After getting elected , India 's Prime minister Narendra Modi affirmed to work in cleaning the river and controlling pollution . Subsequently , the Namami Ganga project was announced by the government in the July 2014 budget . An estimated Rs 2,958 Crores have been spent till July 2016 in various efforts in cleaning up of the river .

neg: Political history of Sri Aurobindo Aurobindo 's political career lasted only four years , from 1906 to 1910 . Though he had been active behind the scene surveying , organizing and supporting the nationalist cause , ever since his return to India , especially during his excursions to Bengal . This period of his activity from 1906-1910 saw a complete transformation of India 's political scene . Before Aurobindo began publishing his views , the Congress was an annual debating society whose rare victories had been instances of the empire taking a favourable view to its petitions . By the time Aurobindo left the field , the ideal of political independence had been firmly ingrained into the minds of people , and nineteen years later , it became the official raison d'être of the Congress .   This change was affected by the advent of the aggressive nationalist thought of Lokmanya Tilak who declared that swaraj was his birthright and Bipin Chandra Pal who demanded `` complete autonomy '' from Britain . However none went as far as Aurobindo in articulating the legitimacy and necessity of complete independence . He `` based his claim for freedom for India on the inherent right to freedom , not on any charge of misgovernment or oppression '' . He wrote :

neg: Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar (film) Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar is a 2000 Indian feature film in English language , directed by Jabbar Patel . It tells the story of Dr. B. R. Ambedkar , known mainly for his contributions in shaping the Constitution of India , as the chairman of the Drafting Committee of the Indian Constituent Assembly . The film was a project funded jointly by the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment and the Government of Maharashtra . It was made at a budget of 8.95 crore . The production was managed by the government-owned National Film Development Corporation of India . The film was dubbed in nine Indian languages .   The role of Ambedkar was played by actor Mammootty : He won the National Film Award for Best Actor that year . Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar won the National Film Awards for Best feature film in English and Best Art Direction ( Nitin Chandrakant Desai ) in 1999 . The film was screened retrospective on August 15th 2016 at the Independence Day Film Festival jointly presented by the Indian Directorate of Film Festivals and Ministry of Defense , commemorating 70th Indian Independence Day .

neg: Swadeshi movement The Swadeshi movement , part of the Indian independence movement and the developing Indian nationalism , was an economic strategy aimed at removing the British Empire from power and improving economic conditions in India by following the principles of swadeshi ( self-sufficiency ; ) , which had some success . Strategies of the Swadeshi movement involved boycotting British products and the revival of domestic products and production processes . It was mainly introduced by Gandhi .   L. M. Bhole identifies five phases of the Swadeshi movement .  1850 to 1904 : developed by leaders like Dadabhai Naoroji , Gokhale , Ranade , Tilak , G.V. Joshi .  1905 to 1917 : Began with and because of the partition of Bengal in 1905 by Lord Curzon .  1918 to 1947 : Swadeshi thought shaped by Mahatma Gandhi , accompanied by the rise of Indian industrialists .  1948 to 1991 : Widespread curbs on international and inter-state trade . India became a bastion of obsolete technology during the licence-permit raj .  1991 onwards : liberalization and globalization . Foreign capital , foreign technology , and many foreign goods are not excluded and doctrine of export-led growth resulted in modern industrialism .   The second Swadeshi movement started with the partition of Bengal by the Viceroy of India , Lord Curzon in 1905 and continued up to 1911 .  It was the most successful of the pre-Gandhian movement . Its chief architects were Aurobindo Ghosh , Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak , Bipin Chandra Pal and Lala Lajpat Rai , V. O. Chidambaram Pillai , Babu Genu . Swadeshi , as a strategy , was a key focus of Mahatma Gandhi , who described it as the soul of Swaraj ( self rule ) . It was strongest in Bengal and was also called vandemataram movement . Gandhi , at the time of the actual movement , remained loyal to the British Crown .

neg: Great Depression in India The Great Depression of 1929 had a very severe impact on India , which was then under the rule of the British Raj . The Government of British India adopted a protective trade policy which , though beneficial to the United Kingdom , caused great damage to the Indian economy . During the period 1929 -- 1937 , exports and imports fell drastically crippling seaborne international trade . The railways and the agricultural sector were the most affected .   The international financial crisis combined with detrimental policies adopted by the Government of India resulted in soaring prices of commodities . High prices along with the stringent taxes prevalent in British India had a dreadful impact on most Indians . The discontent of farmers manifested itself in rebellions and riots . The Salt Satyagraha of 1930 was one of the measures undertaken as a response to heavy taxation during the Great Depression .   The Great Depression and the economic policies of the Government of British India worsened already deteriorating Indo-British relations . When the first general elections were held according to the Government of India Act 1935 , anti-British feelings resulted in the pro-independence Indian National Congress winning in most provinces with a very high percentage of the vote share .

neg: Bal Ram Nanda Bal Ram Nanda ( 1917 -- 30 May 2010 ) was a writer from New Delhi , India . He was the preeminent Indian biographer of Mahatma Gandhi ,

neg: Rasikendra Nath Nandi Rasikendra Nath Nandi ( also known as Rasik Nandi ) a Vaishnav scholar , a social reformer and a zamindar was born in the village named Bhat-bera in district Pabna of undivided Bengal ( now in Sirajganj District , Bangladesh ) in 1882 . As a serious scholar of Vaishnavism , he wrote several manuscripts explaining the Vaishnavism in simple Sanskrit . Apart from his scholarly activities , he established schools for spreading of modern education in Pabna and in Agarpara ( near Kolkata ) , where he died in 1962 . Rasikendra Nath is one among those unsung stars of Bengal who was forgotten in the midst of political and economic turmoil of Bengal after Indian independence .

neg: G. Gangadharan Nair G. Gangadharan Nair ( born October 2 , 1946 ) is an international Sanskrit scholar and a pioneer in the field of spoken Sanskrit . He has a PhD in Sanskrit grammar and Master of Arts degrees in Russian and Sanskrit . He has over forty years of teaching experience in Sanskrit colleges and universities . It was he who dared to be the Research Guide of Ms. Fathima Beevi , the first Muslim lady to get her PhD in Vedanta ( the supreme branch of Hindu philosophy ) .

neg: Amir Chand Bombwal Amir Chand Bombwal ( 8 August 1893 -- 10 February 1972 ) was a journalist , a freedom fighter in the Indian independence movement , a Khudai Khidmatgar and a political leader of the Indian National Congress Party from Peshawar , North-West Frontier Province ( NWFP ) of British India . He was the founder , editor and publisher of a weekly newspaper called The Frontier Mail and a close associate of Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan .   Bombwal was the last editor of the short-lived Urdu-language Swarajya weekly newspaper , published between 1907 and 1911 by the Bharat Mata Society in Allahabad . This newspaper pursued a scathing campaign against British Raj rule , An active member of the Indian National Congress party , he was jailed for participation in the first Non-Cooperation Movement in 1921-23 .   Upon release from jail , he worked to rehabilitate the refugees and victims of the 1924 Kohat riots . Mahatma Gandhi commended him for the service he provided to the riot victims .   After the Partition of India , he was arrested without charges , along with Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan and Dr. Khan Abdul Jabbar Khan ( known as Dr. Khan Sahib ) by the founder of Pakistan , Mohammed Ali Jinnah who suspected them of undermining the accession of NWFP to Pakistan . They were jailed in Peshawar Central Jail and there was little hope for their release . Upon the death of Jinnah , Liaquat Ali Khan , who was on friendly terms with them , assumed the reins of power in Pakistan . Liaquat Ali Khan facilitated their release from jail , and transferred Bombwal to India in 1948 , where he arrived on a flight carrying the ceasefire delegation of the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947 from Pakistan .   After Partition , he settled down in Dehradun , India and continued to publish The Frontier Mail from there . He gave the Indian people a floor-to-ceiling height oil painting of Vithalbhai Patel that now hangs on right side of the dais in Central Hall of the Indian Parliament .   He died in Delhi of natural causes . Upon his death , fifteen trunks containing his documents were transferred to the National Archives of India .