query: CeeLo Green is an artist.

pos: CeeLo Green Thomas DeCarlo Callaway ( born May 30 , 1974 , better known by his stage name CeeLo Green ( sometimes rendered as Cee Lo Green ) , is an American singer , rapper , songwriter , record producer , actor , and businessman .   Green came to initial prominence as a member of the Southern hip hop group Goodie Mob and later as part of the soul duo Gnarls Barkley , with record producer Danger Mouse . Subsequently he embarked on a solo career , partially spurred by YouTube popularity .   Internationally , Green is best known for his soul work : his most popular was Gnarls Barkley 's 2006 worldwide hit `` Crazy '' , which reached number 1 in various singles charts worldwide , including the UK . In the United States , `` Crazy '' reached number two on the Billboard Hot 100 . Its parent album St. Elsewhere ( 2006 ) , was also a hit , peaked at number 1 on the UK Albums Chart and number 4 on the US Billboard 200 albums chart . Gnarls Barkley 's second album , The Odd Couple ( 2008 ) , charted at number 12 on the Billboard 200 .   In 2010 , Green took a hiatus from working with Danger Mouse , and released a solo single titled `` Fuck You ! '' , on August 19 . The song became a successful single , with the radio-edit version `` Forget You '' , reaching the top spot in the UK and the Netherlands and peaked at number 2 on the US Billboard Hot 100 . Its parent album , The Lady Killer ( 2010 ) , saw similar success , peaking within the top five of the UK Albums Chart and debuting within the top 10 on the Billboard 200 albums chart , receiving a Gold certification from the BPI in the UK . His next two singles , `` It 's OK '' and `` Bright Lights Bigger City '' were also hits in Europe . From 2011 to 2014 , Green was a judge and coach on American reality television singing competition The Voice , appearing on four of its seasons . In 2013 , Green reunited with the rest of Goodie Mob , to release their fifth studio album Age Against the Machine . In 2011 he did a concert with Prince in Madison Square Garden .   He worked as a voice actor in the animated feature Hotel Transylvania ( 2012 ) , and also appeared in a few television programs and films -- including his own show , CeeLo Green 's The Good Life , on TBS . Green has endorsed 7 Up , Duracell , M&M 's , and sake brand TY KU . His work has earned numerous awards and accolades , including five Grammy Awards , a BET Award , a Billboard Award , and a Brit Award .

neg: Tom Green Michael Thomas `` Tom '' Green ( born July 30 , 1971 ) is a Canadian actor , rapper , writer , comedian , producer , director , talk show host , and media personality . Best known for his unique brand of comedy , he found mainstream prominence via his MTV television show The Tom Green Show . Green is also known for his roles in the Hollywood films Road Trip ( 2000 ) , Charlie 's Angels ( 2000 ) , Freddy Got Fingered ( 2001 ) , Stealing Harvard ( 2002 ) and Shred ( 2008 ) . He was briefly married to actress Drew Barrymore .   In June 2003 , Green served as a guest host on Late Show with David Letterman , which led to him hosting his own late-night talk show on MTV titled The New Tom Green Show . From 2006 until 2011 he hosted his internet talk show Tom Green 's House Tonight from his living room , and began performing stand-up comedy in 2010 . From October 2013 to November 2014 Green hosted the live weekly talk-show Tom Green Live on AXS TV .

neg: Illegal Art Illegal Art is a sampling record label that was started in 1998 . The label gained immediate notoriety from legal threats surrounding Deconstructing Beck , a compilation made exclusively from sampling Beck 's music . This was followed by two other theme-based compilations , Extracted Celluloid and Commercial Ad Hoc . All three were co-released with Negativland 's Seeland Records label and sponsored by RTMark . After these theme-based compilations , Illegal Art focused on artist releases . One of the most popular artists on the label is Girl Talk ( Gregg Gillis ) , who in 2006 released his third album , Night Ripper , to critical acclaim on the label , earning a Wired magazine Rave Award a year later .   Illegal Art also released the Steinski Retrospective , spanning his work from 1983 -- 2006 . It includes the legendary `` Lessons '' , which have been described as `` one of the most desirable and prized bootleg recordings in hip hop '' ( Antidote ) . It also contains a variety of other essential tracks , and his critically acclaimed Nothing To Fear : A Rough Mix , an hour-long mashup that was produced for Solid Steel/BBC London and hailed as `` the closest to a masterpiece the genre has produced . ''   As of April 2014 , Illegal Art 's website states that the label has been on an `` indefinite hiatus '' since 2012 .

neg: Surel's Place Surel 's Place is an artist in residency program located in Garden City , Idaho in a home studio designed by local artist Surel Lee Mitchell , who died of lung cancer on October 10 , 2011 , twenty years after she quit smoking ( only non-smokers are accepted ) . Established in 2011 , it is Idaho 's only live-in artist-in-residency program . The studio serves as the anchor of the eponymous neighborhood The Surel Mitchell Live/Work/Create / District in the somewhat rough-and-tumble , blue collar city , an artist 's district of some international acclaim . Surel 's Place is steps away from the Boise Greenbelt , blocks away from the Visual Arts Collective , and minutes via bicycle to downtown Boise itself .   Each residency ( submissions are by open application ) is typically for one month ; twenty-four artists have resided there as of October 2015 ( including tap dancer Andrew Nemr ) . `` You forget to eat , '' Kansas City-based painter David Titterington , who stayed at Surel 's in July of that year . `` I got so much done . Way more than at other residencies . '' Since its inception , glass artist Zion Warne , mixed media painter Sam Paden , architect and furniture craftsman Derek Hurd , and illustrator Julia Green have also come to Garden City , and Surel 's Place has become an integral part of the city 's revival .

neg: Sergio Bustamante (artist) Sergio Bustamante is a Mexican Artist and sculptor . Though born in Culiacan , Sinaloa , Mexico , Sergio Bustamante has lived in the Guadalajara area since early childhood . In his youth , he studied architecture at the University of Guadalajara , but abandoned this pursuit when his talents and interests drew him to the fine arts and crafts .   He began with paintings and paper mache figures , inaugurating the first exhibit of his works at the Galeria Misracha in Mexico City in 1966 . In the early 1970s , he traveled to Amsterdam , where he further developed his talents . After his return to Guadalajara , he established in 1975 , along with other artists , the `` Family Workshop Studio '' in Tlaquepaque , Jalisco , Mexico .   While Bustamante 's works initially focused on painting and paper mache , his talents led , in the mid-1970s , to the creation of sculptures in wood and bronze , many reflecting animal themes . 1979 marked the inauguration of innovative furniture designs in wood and glass with bronze accents , currently available in distinctive patterns and motifs . The creation of ceramic sculptures in the mid-1980s provided avenues for the use of color and form in ways not previously explored . In 1992 , the initiation of an extensive line of exquisite jewelry in bronze , gold and silver , many set with precious and semi-precious stones and , again , often reflecting animal themes , marked a new and expansive direction for his creations . In this same year , a new series of paper mache sculptures was introduced . In the new millennium , Bustamante continues to explore new paths for the further expression of his imaginative and gifted talents .   Each piece belongs to a limited edition and is created by hand , therefore unique . A certificate of authenticity duly signed by the artists itself is attributed to each sculpture . All works are of very good quality , and pieces of small and big size up to four meters high are available . The Mexican government has even elected them for official gifts to state governors and to high personalities . Since the 1960s , Sergio Bustamante has been internationally recognized in the world of creative arts and crafts . His works are on demand around the globe in such countries as Mexico , United States , Japan , Europe , and recently Russia ; giving the probability that his works will increase in value over the years .

neg: Green Violinist Green Violinist is a 1923-24 painting by artist Marc Chagall that is now in the permanent collection of the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York City . The work depicts a fiddler as the central figure who appears to be floating or dancing above the much smaller rooftops of the misty gray village below . This work is often considered to be the inspiration for the title of the 1964 musical Fiddler on the Roof .

neg: The Turtles Present the Battle of the Bands The Turtles Present the Battle of the Bands is the fourth studio album released by the American rock band the Turtles . Produced by Chip Douglas , it was released in November 1968 by White Whale Records . It includes John Barbata 's final recorded performances with the band ; he left shortly after its release to join Crosby , Stills , Nash & Young . Barbata 's eventual replacement , former Spanky and Our Gang drummer John Seiter , also contributed to the album . Some issues of the album were retitled Elenore .   This was a concept album , with the band pretending to be a series of different groups , playing in varying styles from psychedelic ( `` The Last Thing I Remember '' ) to hard rock ( `` Buzzsaw '' ) to surf music ( `` Surfer Dan '' ) to bluegrass ( `` Chicken Little Was Right '' ) . The outer cover showed the Turtles in evening dress , playing hosts of the `` show '' , while the inside gatefold showed them in different costumes for each song . The entire album was filled with puns and hidden jokes . ( According to liner notes on various Turtles CDs , White Whale Records was in reality , a one-artist label and they were consistently pressuring The Turtles to come up with another `` Happy Together , '' which resulted in `` Elenore , '' a humorous reworking of the classic `` happy pop '' single . )   `` Kamanawanalea '' was a made-up Hawaiian idol ( `` the god of lust and perversion '' ) , and a rude pun . The lyrics of `` Food '' included a recipe for brownies , with a special ingredient . `` Surfer Dan '' was billed as being by The Cross Fires ; this was an in-joke , as the Turtles had previously been a surf-music band known as The Crossfires before it had signed with White Whale Records . `` You Showed Me '' was written by Roger McGuinn and Gene Clark of The Byrds , and became the last major Turtles hit . The final song , `` Earth Anthem , '' was notably recorded at 3:00 A.M. by candlelight , to capture the exact mood the Turtles wanted .

neg: Milton Becerra Venezuelan artist graduated from the Cristóbal Rojas School of Arts ( 1972 ) under the Jesús Soto promotion . From 1973 to 1980 Milton Becerra was assistant-partner in the workshops of the renowned masters Carlos Cruz-Diez and Jesús Soto . He participated in his first collective exhibition when he was still a student . He studied art trends such as Concrete , Neo , Kinetic , Generative and `` Op-art '' . In 1973 he opened his first solo exhibition `` Vibro-hexagonal Volume '' that included a sound atmosphere presented at the Ateneo de Caracas , that won him the prize of the Third National Exhibition of Young Artists .   He applies this knowledge to the development of irregular shapes called Hexagon Geometry or `` Hexagonometry '' , based on the arrangement of different modules in space based on Kasimir Malevich 's `` White Cube '' theory , and Ludwig Wittgenstein 's `` Tractatus logico-philosophicus '' concepts that investigates colors , their behavior in space and the division of forms through color ranges .  On the resulting works , Venezuelan art historian Alfredo Boulton ( 1908 -- 1995 ) wrote : `` Milton Becerra 's works characterize a concern about the volumes and strong structures , that accompany subtle chromatic features . We are , thus , in front of a solid object , but at the same time light and fragile . ''  Concerned about nature and the enormous legacy of Venezuela 's indigenous peoples , Milton Becerra is able , in his first solo exhibition , to fuse the traditions of Venezuelan primitive cultures with the modernity of the artistic trends of the time . Milton Becerra does not discriminate on the aesthetic aspects , on the contrary makes them coexist , transcending the artistic harmony and visual resources of primitive cultures with geometric abstraction and the Venezuelan artistic kinetic movement , relevant at that time .  Milton Becerra : In the 70s pioneered the `` Land Art '' in Venezuela   Three years later Milton Becerra presented at the Caracas Museum of Contemporary Art his work `` Programmed Modules '' , where he expresses his concerns towards land intervention by photography . Under this context , in the 70s , the early works of Milton Becerra come into view , placed in suburban areas of Caracas , on the blurred boundaries between city and forest , or high pastures and the streambeds , or in the city 's last streets and homes , or in the Colonia Tovar , or in La Mariposa dam . Although these were , at the time , actions and interventions , these pieces later became Photographic Series , and constitute -- beyond themselves -- his first plastic and poetic approach to the vision of nature and earth as sacred , conducive to mystical experiences and filled with the cultural memory of silenced or vanished peoples . This starting point characterizes later the context of his artworks . Milton Becerra is considered one of the pioneers of Land Art in Venezuela , a contemporary art movement that uses elements of nature or its environments to produce a reaction in the spectator observing the landscape presented and intervened by the artist .

neg: Social practice (art) Social practice is an art medium that focuses on engagement through human interaction and social discourse . Since it is people and their relationships that form the medium of such works -- rather than a particular process of production -- social engagement is not only a part of a work 's organization , execution or continuation , but also an aesthetic in itself : of interaction and development . Socially engaged art aims to create social and/or political change through collaboration with individuals , communities , and institutions in the creation of participatory art . The discipline values the process of a work over any finished product or object .   Artists working in social practice co-create their work with a specific audience or propose critical interventions within existing social systems that inspire debate or catalyze social exchange . The large overlap between social practice and pedagogy demonstrates the need for art education to embrace collaborative practice . Social practice work focuses on the interaction between the audience , social systems , and the artist through aesthetics , ethics , collaboration , methodology , antagonism , media strategies , and social activism . The social interaction component inspires , drives , or , in some instances , completes the project . Although projects may incorporate traditional studio media , they are realized in a variety of visual or social forms ( depending on variable contexts and participant demographics ) such as performance , social activism , or mobilizing communities towards a common goal . The diversity of approaches pose specific challenges for documenting social practice work , as the aesthetic of human interaction changes rapidly and involves many people simultaneously . Consequently , images frequently fail to do justice to the engagement and interactions that take place during a project .

neg: All-over painting All-over painting refers to the non-differential treatment of the surface of a work of two-dimensional art , for instance a painting . This concept is most popularly thought of as emerging in relation to the so-called `` drip '' paintings of Jackson Pollock and the `` automatic writing '' or `` abstract calligraphy '' of Mark Tobey in the 1950s , though the applicability of the term all-over painting would be wider than that . `` All-over painting '' is not a formal style of painting and the term does not represent an `` art movement . '' Some painting under the heading color field painting displays the `` all-over '' painting style . Such a painting would fail to treat the top , for instance , differently from the bottom ; the left than the right . Uniform treatment of all sections of the surface are the hallmark of all-over painting . All-over paintings would lack a dominant point of interest , or any indication of which way is `` up . '' Some paintings by Cy Twombly have had this term applied to them .   Clement Greenberg cited Janet Sobel 's as the first instance of all-over painting he had seen .

neg: El monstruo (audience) El Monstruo ( ` The Monster ' ) is the popular designation that 's given in Chile to the audience attending to the Viña del Mar International Song Festival . The name is due to great authority that perform the audience in each day of the event . From pressing to lengthen presentations favorite artists to interruptions with catcalls to singers and comedians who are not like , booing to prevent complete their show and force them to withdraw from the stage . In that case , in Chile it is said that `` El Monstruo ate the artist '' .   The audience at the Viña del Mar International Song Festival is the only one in the world that has received a special name . This creates an expectation in people attending the show , waiting for the slightest opportunity to show their intolerance . Most artists booed by El Monstruo have been comedians , both for its lack of grace as the misfortune to get on the right stage between performances of singers or bands of renown .   He was remembered the occasion when El Monstruo asked the Gaviota de Plata ( Silver Seagull ) award for José Luis Rodríguez in 1988 ; the refusal of the mayor of Viña del Mar , Eugenia Garrido , who in the 1980s was who corroborated the awards , the singer said `` Sometimes the people 's voice must be heard '' , a phrase which some had a political background in relation to the military regime then ruling the country ; the artist has said his sentence was not thought out or had a direct political intention . Rodriguez has indicated that feel that in that case it was a `` tool for greater spiritual ideal . ''   Sometimes , however , the public is manifested catcalls to protest the presenters of the event . This happened in the 2007 , when the animators , Tonka Tomicic and Sergio Lagos , dismissed the artist Ana Torroja to the general public discontent , he wanted her to continue singing . Boo to Lagos and Tomicic lasted nearly an hour . The same happened in 2009 when El Monstruo was in favor of Simply Red , booing for an hour for the group to return , and incidentally interrupting the Folk Competition , the singer Paolo Meneguzzi , a humorous routine performed by the trio Manpoval until partially calmed their minds with the presentation of Rakim and Ken-Y .

neg: No Colour Bar No Colour Bar : Black British Art in Action 1960 -- 1990 is a major public art and archives exhibition , the first of its kind in the UK , held at the Guildhall Art Gallery , City of London , over a six-month period ( 10 July 2015 -- 24 January 2016 ) , with a future digital touring exhibition , and an associated programme of events . No Colour Bar took its impetus from the life work and archives of Jessica Huntley ( 23 February 1927 -- 13 October 2013 ) and Eric Huntley ( born 25 September 1929 ) , Guyanese-born campaigners , political activists and publishers , who founded the publishing company Bogle-L'Ouverture Publications and the associated Walter Rodney Bookshop .   Comprising contemporary fine art combined with archive materials , the multi-media exhibition features the work of seminal Black British artists and historically significant activists , and was described by Colin Prescod ( chair of the Institute of Race Relations ) as an `` exposition of startling and radical imaginative works , addressing grand British cultural and historical matters , and touching on themes of existential and social restlessness '' . Participants in the Caribbean Artists Movement , such as Winston Branch , Aubrey Williams , Ronald Moody and Errol Lloyd , are featured together with other prominent artists , including Eddie Chambers , Sonia Boyce , Sokari Douglas Camp , Denzil Forrester and Chila Kumari Burman , with works on display across all media : painting sculpture , painting , drawing , illustration , photography and film . In conjunction with the art and archives , panels and talks led by the exhibition curators , Makeda Coaston and Katty Pearce , and featuring individual artists , writers and publishers , including Eddie Chambers , Errol Lloyd , Denzil Forrester , Fowokan , Donald Hinds , Kadija George , Dorothea Smartt , Arif Ali , Sarah White , as well as Eric Huntley himself , were programmed .   Within the exhibition is a purpose-built interactive installation by Michael McMillan , in conjunction with sound and visual specialists Dubmorphology , that recreates the famed Walter Rodney Bookshop , which was formerly located in West Ealing , functioning as a cultural hub of the community until it closed at the beginning of the 1990s .

neg: Pedro Bell Pedro Bell is an American artist and illustrator . He is best known for his elaborate cover designs and other artwork for numerous Funkadelic and George Clinton solo albums . Pedro 's dual conceptuality as a writer heavily contributed to P - Funk 's literary mythology -- a sampling of his contributions include `` Thumpasaurus , '' `` Funkapus , '' `` Queen Freakalene , '' `` Bop Gun , '' and `` Zone of Zero Funkativity . ''   According to his biography via George Clinton 's official website , Bell 's `` stream-of-contagion text rewrote the whole game . He single-handedly defined the P-Funk collective as sci-fi superheroes fighting the ills of the heart , society , and the cosmos ... As much as Clinton 's lyrics , Pedro Bell 's crazoid words created the mythos of the band and bonded the audience together . ''   Bell , as an `` untrained '' artist , created album artwork and liner notes that created discourses that were important to black people in the U.S. during the 1970s . Whether in his use of puns , hypersexual characters , Bell created conceptual art that produced alternative ways of envisioning the ways in which black people in the U.S. saw themselves , as well as spoke about themselves .

neg: Green World Green World is a literary concept defined by critic Northrop Frye in The Anatomy of Criticism . In some comedies by William Shakespeare , the main characters escape the order of a city for a forested and wild setting adjacent to the city . This natural environment is often described as a green world . It is in this more loosely structured , fantastic environment that issues surrounding social order , romantic relationships , and inter-generational strife , which are a prominent part of the `` city world '' , become resolved , facilitating a return to the normal order . Recent literary critics drawn to ecocriticism have occasionally found the concept valuable to their work as well .

neg: Chinelos Chinelos are a kind of traditional costumed dancer which is popular in the Mexican state of Morelos , parts of the State of Mexico and the Federal District of Mexico City , especially the boroughs of Milpa Alta and Xochimilco . The tradition arose from the blending of indigenous and Catholic traditions , most notably Carnival , with its permission to be masked and to mock . Chinelos mock Europeans and European mannerisms from the colonial period up to the end of the 19th century . The Chinelos tradition is strongest in Morelos , especially around Carnival , but Chinelos now appear at other festivities such as Independence Day celebrations , private parties and more .

neg: Lab color space The Lab color space describes mathematically all perceivable colors in the three dimensions L for lightness and a and b for the color opponents green -- red and blue -- yellow . The terminology `` Lab '' originates from the Hunter 1948 color space.Nowadays `` Lab '' is frequently mis-used as abbreviation for CIEL * a * b * 1976 color space color space ( also CIELAB ) ; the asterisks/stars distinguish the CIE version from Hunter 's original version . The difference from the Hunter Lab coordinates is that the CIELAB coordinates are created by a cube root transformation of the CIE XYZ color data , while the Hunter Lab coordinates are the result of a square root transformation . Other , less common examples of color spaces with Lab representations make use of the CIE 1994 color difference and the CIE 2000 color difference .   The Lab color space exceeds the gamuts of the RGB and CMYK color models ( for example , ProPhoto RGB includes about 90 % all perceivable colors ) . One of the most important attributes of the Lab model is device independence . This means that the colors are defined independent of their nature of creation or the device they are displayed on . The Lab color space is used when graphics for print have to be converted from RGB to CMYK , as the Lab gamut includes both the RGB and CMYK gamut . Also it is used as an interchange format between different devices as for its device independency . The space itself is a three-dimensional real number space , that contains an infinite number of possible representations of colors . However , in practice , the space is usually mapped onto a three-dimensional integer space for device-independent digital representation , and for these reasons , the L * , a * , and b * values are usually absolute , with a pre-defined range . The lightness , L * , represents the darkest black at L * = 0 , and the brightest white at L * = 100 . The color channels , a * and b * , will represent true neutral gray values at a * = 0 and b * = 0 . The red/green opponent colors are represented along the a * axis , with green at negative a * values and red at positive a * values . The yellow/blue opponent colors are represented along the b * axis , with blue at negative b * values and yellow at positive b * values . The scaling and limits of the a * and b * axes will depend on the specific implementation of Lab color , as described below , but they often run in the range of ± 100 or − 128 to +127 ( signed 8-bit integer ) .   Both the Hunter and the 1976 CIELAB color spaces were derived from the prior `` master '' space CIE 1931 XYZ color space , which can predict which spectral power distributions will be perceived as the same color ( see metamerism ) , but which is not particularly perceptually uniform . Strongly influenced by the Munsell color system , the intention of both `` Lab '' color spaces is to create a space that can be computed via simple formulas from the XYZ space but is more perceptually uniform than XYZ . Perceptually uniform means that a change of the same amount in a color value should produce a change of about the same visual importance . When storing colors in limited precision values , this can improve the reproduction of tones . Both Lab spaces are relative to the white point of the XYZ data they were converted from . Lab values do not define absolute colors unless the white point is also specified . Often , in practice , the white point is assumed to follow a standard and is not explicitly stated ( e.g. , for `` absolute colorimetric '' rendering intent , the International Color Consortium L * a * b * values are relative to CIE standard illuminant D50 , while they are relative to the unprinted substrate for other rendering intents ) .   The lightness correlate in CIELAB is calculated using the cube root of the relative luminance .

neg: Grass Green Richard Eugene `` Grass '' Green ( May 7 , 1939 -- August 5 , 2002 ) was an African American cartoonist notable for being the first black participant in both the 1960s fan art movement and the 1970s underground comics movement . In the 1960s , Green 's Harvey Kurtzman-like zany , action-packed , humorous comics parodies appeared in numerous fanzines . His `` outrageous '' 1970s and 1980s underground work used searing humor to expose America 's racism and bigotry .

neg: Ecovention Ecovention was a term invented by Amy Lipton and Sue Spaid in 1999 to refer to an ecological art intervention in environmental degradation . The Ecovention movement in art is associated with land art , earthworks , and environmental art , and landscape architecture , but remains its own distinct category . Many ecoventions bear tendencies similar to public works projects such as sewage and waste-water treatment plants , public gardens , landfills , mines , and sustainable building projects .   Artists associated with ecovention include : Joseph Beuys , Mel Chin , Agnes Denes , Helen and Newton Harrison , Ocean Earth , Robert Smithson , Alan Sonfist , and Mierle Laderman Ukeles , among others .

neg: McElmo Phase McElmo Phase refers to a period in the late 11th and early 12th centuries , when drastic changes in ceramics and masonry techniques in Chaco Canyon appeared . During this period the Ancestral Puebloans living in the canyon started using painted black-on-white pottery versus their standard grey ware , and the masonry and layout of great houses built during the McElmo phase , which was the last major construction era in the canyon , differ significantly from those built during the early parts of the Bonito Phase ( 850 to 1140 ) , which overlaps with the McElmo Phase . Archeologists initially suggested that the McElmo influence was brought to Chaco Canyon by immigrants from Mesa Verde , but subsequent research suggests that the developments were of local origin . Archeologist R. Gwinn Vivian notes , `` The jury is still out on this question , a problem that poses intriguing possibilities for future work . ''

neg: Green Day discography The American punk rock band Green Day has released 12 studio albums , two live albums , four compilation albums , one soundtrack album , four video albums , 10 extended plays , four box sets , 42 singles , ten promotional singles , and 39 music videos . The band has sold over 85 million records worldwide , including more than 30 million in the United States alone . Green Day released their first two studio albums , 1,039 / Smoothed Out Slappy Hours ( 1991 ) ( consisting of the original `` 39/Smooth '' as well as their first two EP 's `` 1,000 Hours '' and `` Slappy '' ) and Kerplunk ( 1991 ) , through the independent label Lookout ! Records before signing to major label Reprise Records . Dookie , the band 's first album on the label and third studio album overall , was released in February 1994 . It was a breakout success , selling over 10 million copies in the United States and 20 million copies worldwide . Dookie spawned five singles , including the international hits `` Longview '' , Basket Case '' and `` When I Come Around '' . The album placed Green Day at the forefront of the 1990s punk rock revival .   Insomniac , the band 's fourth studio album , was released in October 1995 . While not as successful as Dookie , the album managed to peak at number two on the US Billboard 200 and received a double platinum certification from the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) . Nimrod followed in October 1997 ; it peaked at number ten on the Billboard 200 . Four singles were released from Nimrod ; the most successful of these was `` Good Riddance ( Time of Your Life ) '' , which hit the top ten in countries such as Australia and Canada . The band 's sixth studio album Warning was released in October 2000 to mild commercial success , peaking at number four on the Billboard 200 and only earning a gold certification from the RIAA .   Their seventh studio album American Idiot reignited the band 's popularity with a younger generation . Becoming the band 's first album to top the Billboard 200 , American Idiot sold over six million copies in the United States , and over 14 million copies worldwide . The album spawned five commercially successful singles : `` American Idiot '' , `` Boulevard of Broken Dreams '' , `` Holiday '' , `` Wake Me Up When September Ends '' , and `` Jesus of Suburbia '' . The band 's eighth studio album 21st Century Breakdown followed in May 2009 , topping the Billboard 200 and being certified platinum by the RIAA . Two singles from the album -- `` Know Your Enemy '' and `` 21 Guns '' -- became top 40 hits on the US Billboard Hot 100 . A trilogy of studio albums -- ¡ Uno ! , ¡ Dos ! , and ¡ Tré ! -- were released toward the end of 2012 . ¡ Uno ! , ¡ Dos ! and ¡ Tré ! peaked at numbers two , nine and thirteen respectively on the Billboard 200 . In 2016 , another studio album , Revolution Radio was released and topped the Billboard 200 .

neg: Green Team (comics) The Green Team is a fictional comic book team of rich-kid adventurers published by DC Comics . The team debuted in 1st Issue Special # 2 ( May 1975 ) , and was created by Joe Simon and Jerry Grandenetti . In its initial appearance , the group was subtitled `` Boy Millionaires . '' In 2010s comics , a revamped version of the group appeared in a series subtitled `` Teen Trillionaires . ''


query: Tennis is played in Paris especially during the French Open.

pos: French Open The French Open , often referred to as Roland-Garros ( -LSB- ʁɔlɑ̃ ɡaʁɔs -RSB- ) , is a major tennis tournament held over two weeks between late May and early June at the Stade Roland-Garros in Paris , France . Named after the French aviator Roland Garros , it is the premier clay court tennis championship event in the world and the second of four annual Grand Slam tournaments , the other three being the Australian Open , Wimbledon and the US Open . Roland Garros is currently the only major held on clay , and it is the zenith of the spring clay court season . Because of the seven rounds needed for a championship , the slow-playing surface and the best-of-five-set men 's singles matches ( without a tiebreak in the final set ) , the event is widely considered to be the most physically demanding tennis tournament in the world .

pos: Paris Paris ( French pronunciation : -LSB- pɑʁi -RSB- , -LSB- paʁi -RSB- ) is the capital and most populous city of France . It has an area of 105 km2 and a population of 2,229,621 in 2013 within its administrative limits . The city is both a commune and department and forms the centre and headquarters of the Île-de-France , or Paris Region , which has an area of 12,012 km2 and a population in 2016 of 12,142,802 , comprising roughly 18 percent of the population of France . By the 17th century , Paris was one of Europe 's major centres of finance , commerce , fashion , science , and the arts , and it retains that position still today . The Paris Region had a GDP of $ 624 billion ( US $ 687 billion ) in 2012 , accounting for 30.0 percent of the GDP of France and ranking it as one of the wealthiest regions in Europe .   The City of Paris is but the core of a built-up area that extends well beyond its administrative limits . Commonly referred to as the agglomération Parisienne , and statistically as a unité urbaine ( a measure of urban area ) , the agglomeration has a 2013 population of 10,601,122 , which makes it the largest in the European Union . City-influenced commuter activity reaches well beyond even this in a statistical aire urbaine de Paris ( a measure of metropolitan area ) , that had a 2013 population of 12,405,426 , a number one-fifth the population of France , and one that makes it , after London , the second largest metropolitan area in the European Union . Although joined in a single urban tissue , Paris ' lack of administrative and economic cohesion with its suburbs has been a longstanding problem , but a 2016 ` Metropole of Grand Paris ' economic and environmental initiative covering an 814 km2 area and a population of 7 million , exists since 2016 .   The city is also a major rail , highway , and air-transport hub served by two international airports : Paris-Charles de Gaulle ( the second busiest airport in Europe after London Heathrow Airport with 63.8 million passengers in 2014 ) and Paris-Orly . Opened in 1900 , the city 's subway system , the Paris Métro , serves 5.23 million passengers daily . It is the second busiest metro system in Europe after Moscow Metro . Notably , Paris Gare du Nord is the busiest railway station in the world outside of Japan , with 262 millions passengers in 2015 .   Paris has many important cultural institutions : its Louvre museum is the most visited in the world ; its Musée d'Orsay is noted for its collection of French Impressionist art , and its Pompidou-center Musée National d'Art Moderne has the largest collection of modern and contemporary art in Europe . The central area of the city along the Seine River is classified as a UNESCO Heritage Site and includes many notable monuments , including Notre Dame Cathedral , the Sainte-Chapelle , the former Universal Exposition Grand Palais , Petit Palais and Eiffel Tower , and the Basilica of Sacré-Cœur in Montmartre . In 2015 , Paris received 22.2 million visitors , making it one of the world 's top tourist destinations .   The association football club Paris Saint-Germain and the rugby union club Stade Français are based in Paris . The 80,000-seat Stade de France , built for the 1998 FIFA World Cup , is located just north of Paris in the neighbouring commune of Saint-Denis . Paris hosts the annual French Open Grand Slam tennis tournament on the red clay of Roland Garros . Paris hosted the 1900 and 1924 Summer Olympics and is bidding to host the 2024 Summer Olympics . The 1938 and 1998 FIFA World Cups , the 2007 Rugby World Cup , and the 1960 , 1984 , and 2016 UEFA European Championships were also held in the city , and every July , the Tour de France bicycle race finishes in the city .

neg: Stéphane Huet Stéphane Huet ( born 25 April 1971 ) is a former professional tennis player from France .   Huet appeared in a total of 16 Grand Slam tournaments during his career . When he made his Grand Slam tournament debut in the 1993 French Open , as a qualifier , he was ranked 297 in the world and had just one tour match to his name . Despite this , in the opening round he managed to defeat seventh-seed Ivan Lendl in four sets . It was the first time since 1978 that Lendl , a three-time French Open winner , had exited the tournament without registering a win . In 1999 , Huet made the second round of two Majors , the Australian Open , where he beat Arnaud Di Pasquale and the French Open , where he defeated Hendrik Dreekmann , before losing a five set match to eventual finalist Todd Martin , in a final set tie-break . The Frenchman reached the second round on two further occasions , the 2000 Wimbledon Championships , when he defeated Mahesh Bhupathi , and at the same event a year later , when he had a victory against Markus Hipfl . He also played men 's doubles twice and mixed doubles at four Major tournaments .   On the ATP Tour , he was a quarter-finalist at Toulouse in 1998 and also reached the quarter-finals stage at Palermo two years later . In the 2000 Tashkent Open he had a win over Carlos Moyá .   As a coach his students include the French players Irena Pavlovic , Laetitia Sarrazin and Manon Arcangioli .

neg: 2014 Stan Wawrinka tennis season The 2014 Stan Wawrinka tennis season began at the Chennai Open , where he won the title for the second time in his career . This was followed by victory at the Australian Open , where he defeated defending champion Novak Djokovic in the quarterfinals , followed by victory over world no. 1 Rafael Nadal in the final , to win his first ever Grand Slam title , launching him to a career-high no. 3 in the world , and the Swiss no. 1 ( ahead of Roger Federer ) for the first time in his career . Additionally , he won his first Masters 1000 title , defeating compatriot Federer in the final after coming back from a set down . During the first half of the season , Wawrinka went a perfect 6 -- 0 against top-10 opponents , including wins against three of the `` Big Four '' ( Djokovic , Nadal , and Federer ) . He also reached the semifinals of the ATP World Tour Finals for the second time in a row and finished the year helping Switzerland win their first Davis Cup .   He was defending champion in Oeiras , but withdrew before the tournament began .

neg: 1976 Paris Open The 1976 Paris Open , also known as the Jean Becker Open , was a Grand Prix men 's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts . It was the 8th edition of the Paris Open ( later known as the Paris Masters ) . It took place at the Palais omnisports de Paris-Bercy in Paris , France from 25 October through 31 October 1976 . Eddie Dibbs won the singles title .

neg: 1949 French Championships (tennis) The 1949 French Championships ( now known as the French Open ) was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland-Garros in Paris , France . The tournament ran from 18 May until 28 May . It was the 48th staging of the French Championships , and the second Grand Slam tennis event of 1949 .

neg: Rafael Nadal Rafael `` Rafa '' Nadal Parera ( -LSB- rəfəˈɛɫ nəˈðaɫ pəˈɾeɾə -RSB- , -LSB- rafaˈel naˈðal paˈɾeɾa -RSB- ; born 3 June 1986 ) is a Spanish professional tennis player . He is widely regarded as the greatest clay-court player in history , and owing to his dominance and success on the surface , he has been called `` The King of Clay '' . His evolution into an all-court threat has established him as one of the greatest players in tennis history , with some considering Nadal to be the greatest male player of all time .   Nadal has won 14 Grand Slam singles titles , the 2008 Olympic gold medal in singles , an all-time record of 30 ATP World Tour Masters 1000 titles , tied with Novak Djokovic , and a record 18 ATP World Tour 500 tournaments . He was also a member of the winning Spain Davis Cup team in 2004 , 2008 , 2009 , and 2011 . In 2010 , he became the seventh male player in history and youngest of four in the Open Era to achieve the Career Grand Slam at age 24 . He is the second male player , after Andre Agassi , to complete the singles Career Golden Slam . In 2011 , Nadal was named the Laureus World Sportsman of the Year . The left-hander is the sixth player in the Open Era to reach more than 100 finals on the ATP World Tour .   Nadal and Mats Wilander are the only two male players who have won at least two Grand Slam titles on three different surfaces -- hard court , grass , and clay . By winning the 2014 French Open , Nadal became the third player to win a single Grand Slam tournament nine times ( Martina Navratilova 9 , Margaret Court 11 ) and the first male to win at least one Grand Slam tournament for ten consecutive years , breaking the record of eight consecutive years previously shared by Björn Borg , Pete Sampras , and Roger Federer . By winning the Monte-Carlo Masters in 2012 , Nadal became the only male player in the open era to win a tournament eight consecutive times . Nadal is the only male player in tennis history to win one Grand Slam and at least one Masters 1000 title for ten consecutive years from 2005 -- 2014 . He beat Guillermo Vilas 's Open Era record of 49 clay-court titles by winning the Monte-Carlo Masters in 2017 . Nadal became the first man to win the same tournament 10 times by wining the Monte-Carlo Masters in 2017 . He repeated this historic achievement by winning the Barcelona Open Banco Sabadell for a 10th time just a few weeks later .

neg: 1927 French Championships (tennis) The 1927 French Championships ( now known as the French Open ) was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Francais in Paris , France . The tournament ran from 27 May until 5 June . It was the 32nd staging of the French Championships and the second Grand Slam tournament of the year .   Kornelia Bouman became the first foreign woman to win the women 's singles event and the first , and only , Dutch woman to win a Grand Slam singles title .

neg: Fed Cup Fed Cup is the premier international team competition in women 's tennis , launched in 1963 to celebrate the 50th Anniversary of the International Tennis Federation ( ITF ) . The competition was known as the Federation Cup until 1995 . The Fed Cup is the world 's largest annual women 's international team sports competition , in terms of the number of nations that compete .   The men 's equivalent of the Fed Cup is the Davis Cup . Australia , Czech Republic and the United States are the only countries that have held both the Fed Cup and Davis Cup at the same time .

neg: US Open Series The US Open Series is the seven-week summer tennis season linking twelve ATP World Tour and WTA Tour tournaments together . The Series leads to the US Open . It is often referred to as the U.S. or North American hard court season . From 2012 until 2018 , the series will be sponsored by Emirates .   It was organized in 2004 as a way to focus more attention on American tennis tournaments by getting more of them on domestic television . Until 2004 , most summer North American tournaments were not on television , the exceptions being the highly televised ATP World Tour Masters 1000 events in Canada and Cincinnati .   The eight non-Masters tournaments now enjoy about 50 hours of television combined -- about two hours on each day of their final weekends , chiefly on ESPN2 , which is where ESPN shows its tennis programming .

neg: Association of Tennis Professionals The Association of Tennis Professionals ( ATP ) was formed in September 1972 by Donald Dell , Bob Briner , Jack Kramer , and Cliff Drysdale to protect the interests of male professional tennis players . Drysdale became the first President . Since 1990 , the association has organized the worldwide tennis tour for men and linked the title of the tour with the organization 's name . In 1990 the organization was called the ATP Tour , which was renamed in 2001 as just ATP and the tour being called ATP Tour . In 2009 the name was changed again and is now known as the ATP World Tour . It is an evolution of the tour competitions previously known as Grand Prix tennis tournaments and World Championship Tennis ( WCT ) .   The ATP 's global headquarters are in London , United Kingdom . ATP Americas is based in Ponte Vedra Beach , United States ; ATP Europe is headquartered in Monaco ; and ATP International , which covers Africa , Asia and Australasia , is based in Sydney , Australia .   The counterpart organization in the women 's professional game is the Women 's Tennis Association ( WTA ) .

neg: 2005 French Open (badminton) The 2005 French Open in badminton was held in Paris , from October 12 to October 16 , 2005 .   It was an A Category tournament and the prize money was US$ 10,000 .

neg: List of Davis Cup champions The Davis Cup is an annual international team event in men 's tennis . Established in 1900 as the International Lawn Tennis Challenge , it is run by the International Tennis Federation ( ITF ) , who describe it as the `` World Cup of tennis . '' The first event in 1900 was a match between Great Britain and the United States , while 135 nations have entered the 2016 Davis Cup .   The tournament sees players competing for their country in four singles and one doubles matches , known as rubbers , over the course of three days , with the team that wins three rubbers progressing . The countries are divided into groups based upon their location or performance in previous years . The Davis Cup World Group is the top level of the competition and features matches between players from the top 16 countries at the start of the year . Countries that lose their first round match face a relegation play-off against winning countries from the continental zones . World Group winning countries progress to the quarter-finals . Nations have to win a further three ties in order to claim the position of Davis Cup Champions .   The United States are the most successful nation in the history of the competition , with 32 victories . Australia are second with 28 and Great Britain are third with 10 . Teams from Europe have won the competition the most with 42 victories , followed by North America with 32 and Oceania with 28 . Argentina are the current champions , they beat Croatia 3 -- 2 in the final in 2016 .

neg: Grand Slam Cup The Grand Slam Cup was a tennis tournament held annually at the Olympiahalle in Munich in Germany from 1990 through 1999 . The event was organized by the International Tennis Federation ( ITF ) , which invited the best-performing players in the year 's Grand Slam events to compete in the Grand Slam Cup .   The tournament was created in 1990 and was played on indoor carpet courts . From 1990 to 1996 , it was held in December but was moved to the middle of autumn from 1997 to 1999 . From 1990 to 1997 the tournament was limited to male players . A women 's Cup was added in 1998 and was held simultaneously with the men 's Cup .   Throughout its existence , the Grand Slam Cup was famous for paying out the highest prize money of any tournament in tennis . The winner for the first three years of the Cup received US$ 2 million in prize money , which dipped to $ 1.625 million in 1993 , rose to $ 1.875 million in 1996 and back to $ 2 million in 1997 before falling to $ 1.3 million in 1998 . If the Cup was won by a player who had also won a Grand Slam event that year they received a bonus of $ 1 million . Prize money for the winner of the two women 's Cups was fixed at $ 800,000 .   The Cup was not recognized by the Association of Tennis Professionals ( ATP ) for the course of its run , and participants did not receive points in the ATP computer rankings nor have it credited as an official career title . Following the discontinuation of the Cup in 1999 , the ATP decided to give the event full recognition and added it to players ' lists of official titles .   A compromise between the ITF and the ATP was announced on December 9 , 1999 which merged the Cup with the ATP Tour World Championship , the ATP 's year-end tournament also held annually in Germany , giving birth to the ATP World Tour Finals , an official tour event .   A direct result of the merging of the two competitions can still be seen in the qualification rules for the ATP World Tour Finals , which included one notable difference from those of the ATP Tour World Championship . The Tour World Championship was meant to include the top eight players on the ATP computer rankings at the end of a season , even though this could mean the exclusion of a Grand Slam champion who had not been able to earn sufficient ranking points in the rest of the year . Present Finals rules ensure the participation of a Grand Slam champion who is unable to earn a top eight ranking at the end of the season and automatic qualification for the top seven players in the computer rankings . The eighth ranked player , however , qualifies only if all Grand Slam singles champions are among the top eight . Any Grand Slam event champion who is not in the top eight but is still in the top twenty is included to the detriment of the eighth ranked player . This situation occurred at the 2004 Tennis Masters Cup , where Andre Agassi , the 8th ranked player in the ATP Champions Race , was excluded from the event in favor of Gastón Gaudio , who had won that year 's French Open but was ranked 10th at the end of the year .   Pete Sampras was the most successful player at this event winning two titles out of three final appearances .

neg: 1929 French Championships (tennis) The 1929 French Championships ( now known as the French Open ) was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor clay ourts at the Stade Roland-Garros in Paris , France . The tournament ran from 26 May until 3 June . It was the 34th staging of the French Championships and the second Grand Slam tournament of the year .   This was René Lacoste 's final Grand Slam triumph .

neg: 2014 Open d'Orléans The 2014 Open d'Orléans was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts . It was the tenth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2014 ATP Challenger Tour . It took place in Orléans , France between 22 and 28 September 2014 .

neg: Petits As Les Petits As ( English : Small champions ) is a premier junior tennis tournament for players aged 12 -- 14 . It is held in Tarbes , France . It is often considered to be the European equivalent of the Junior Orange Bowl in Florida , United States due to the high number of international players that it attracts .   The event has seen a number of its champions go on to become slam winners , including Rafael Nadal , Michael Chang , Martina Hingis , and Kim Clijsters . Due to the relatively restrictive age range , few players have won the title more than once , although Hingis and Timea Bacsinszky have both done so . Most recently , upcoming Spanish player Carlos Boluda became the first boy to do so .   The tournament is played on indoor Green Set ( hard ) courts . Roughly 7,000 players enter the pre-qualifying tournaments held across France , with that number being narrowed down to 350 for the final qualifying stage , and 64 for the final tournament . The event is regulated by the International Tennis Federation ( ITF ) and has businesses such as Head , Eurosport , Coca-Cola , and Peugeot amongst its portfolio of partners .

neg: Copa Peugeot Argentina de Tenis The Copa Peugeot Argentina de Tenis ( sponsored by Peugeot ) was a professional tennis exhibition . Which follows round robin format , split into two groups , before a final between the group winners . It was played on hard courts . It used to be held annually in December at the Buenos Aires Lawn Tennis Club in Buenos Aires , Argentina , since 2003 to 2012 .

neg: 1996 Open Gaz de France The 1996 Open Gaz de France was a tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Stade Pierre de Coubertin in Paris in France that was part of Tier II of the 1996 WTA Tour . The tournament was held from February 13 through February 18 , 1996 .

neg: 2010 ATP World Tour The Association of Tennis Professionals ( ATP ) World Tour is the elite professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP . The 2010 ATP World Tour calendar comprises the Grand Slam tournaments ( supervised by the International Tennis Federation ( ITF ) ) , the ATP World Tour Masters 1000 , the ATP World Tour 500 series , the ATP World Tour 250 series , the ATP World Team Championship , the Davis Cup ( organized by the ITF ) , and the ATP World Tour Finals . Also included in the 2010 calendar is the Hopman Cup , which does not distribute ranking points , and is organized by the ITF .

neg: 2002 Davis Cup The 2002 Davis Cup was the 91st edition of the most important tournament between nations in men 's tennis . A total of 130 nations participated in the tournament . In the final , Russia defeated France at the Palais Omnisports de Paris-Bercy in Paris , France , on 29 November - 1 December , giving Russia their first title .   This is the only time in the history of the competition that a two-set deficit has been turned around in a live fifth rubber of a Final .

neg: 2012 Open GDF Suez The 2012 Open GDF Suez was a women 's professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts . It was the 20th edition of the Open GDF Suez ( formerly known as the Open Gaz de France ) and was a Premier tournament on the 2012 WTA Tour . It took place at Stade Pierre de Coubertin in Paris , France from February 4 through February 12 , 2012 .


query: Mr. Freeze is an adversary.

pos: Mr. Freeze Mr. Freeze ( Victor Fries ) is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics , commonly as an adversary of the superhero Batman . Created by Bob Kane , David Wood , and Sheldon Moldoff , the character first appeared in Batman # 121 ( February 1959 ) , where he was known as Mr. Zero . Mr. Freeze is one of Batman 's most enduring enemies and belongs to the collective of adversaries that make up Batman 's rogues gallery .   In the most common variation of his origin story , he is a former cryogenics expert in Gotham City who was involved in a laboratory accident while attempting to cure his terminally ill wife Nora Fries . The disaster lowered his body temperature to the point that he must wear a cryogenic suit in order to survive , and he utilizes a `` freeze gun '' that freezes its targets solid .   Mr. Freeze was played by George Sanders , Otto Preminger , and Eli Wallach in the original Batman television series , by Arnold Schwarzenegger in the 1997 film Batman & Robin , and by Nathan Darrow on the TV series Gotham . He was voiced by Michael Ansara in Batman : The Animated Series , by Clancy Brown in The Batman , and by Maurice LaMarche in the Batman : Arkham video game franchise .   IGN 's list of the Top 100 Comic Book Villains of All Time List ranked Mr. Freeze as # 67 .

neg: Tilt (poker) Tilt is a poker term for a state of mental or emotional confusion or frustration in which a player adopts a less than optimal strategy , usually resulting in the player becoming over-aggressive . This term is closely associated with `` steam '' and some consider the terms equivalent , although steam typically carries more anger and intensity .   Placing an opponent on tilt or dealing with being on tilt oneself is an important aspect of poker . It is a relatively frequent occurrence due to frustration , animosity against other players , or simply bad luck . Experienced players recommend learning to recognize that one is experiencing tilt and avoid allowing it to influence one 's play .   One possible origin of the word `` tilt '' is as a reference to tilting a pinball machine . The frustration from seeing the ball follow a path towards the gap between the flippers can lead to the player physically tilting the machine in an attempt to guide the ball towards the flippers . However , in doing so , some games will flash the word `` TILT '' and freeze the flippers , causing the ball to be lost for certain ; as in poker , this suggests that over-aggression due to frustration leads to severely detrimental playing techniques .   While `` tilting '' originally applied to poker , it has recently become a common term when talking about other games , especially eSports titles such as Counter-Strike : Global Offensive , Dota 2 , and League of Legends .

neg: Trainer (games) Game trainers are programs made to modify memory of a computer game thereby modifying its behavior using addresses and values , in order to allow cheating . It can `` freeze '' a memory address disallowing the game from lowering or changing the information stored at that memory address ( e.g. health meter , ammo counter , etc. ) or manipulate the data at the memory addresses specified to suit the needs of the person cheating at the game .

neg: Monsieur Mallah Monsieur Mallah is a fictional character , a superintelligent anthropomorphic gorilla supervillain in the and the criminal and romantic partner of the Brain .

neg: Face (professional wrestling) In professional wrestling , a face ( babyface ) is a heroic or a `` good guy '' wrestler , booked ( scripted ) by the promotion with the aim of being cheered by fans . Faces , traditionally , wrestle within the rules and avoid cheating ( in contrast to the heels who use illegal moves and call in additional wrestlers to do their work for them ) while behaving positively towards the referee and the audience .   Such characters are also referred to as blue-eyes in British wrestling , and técnicos in lucha libre . The face character is portrayed as a hero relative to the heel wrestlers , who are analogous to villains . Not everything a face wrestler does must be heroic : faces need only to be cheered by the audience to be effective characters . The vast majority of wrestling storylines involving faces place a face against a heel , although more elaborate set-ups ( such as two faces being manipulated by a nefarious outside party into fighting ) often happen as well .   In the world of lucha libre wrestling , they 're generally known for using moves requiring technical skill , particularly aerial maneuvers , and wearing outfits using bright colors with positive associations ( such as solid white ) . This is contrasted with the villainous rudos that are generally known for being brawlers , using physical moves that emphasize brute strength and/or size while often having outfits akin to demons or other nasty characters .

neg: Trademark infringement Trademark infringement is a violation of the exclusive rights attached to a trademark without the authorization of the trademark owner or any licensees ( provided that such authorization was within the scope of the licence ) . Infringement may occur when one party , the `` infringer '' , uses a trademark which is identical or confusingly similar to a trademark owned by another party , in relation to products or services which are identical or similar to the products or services which the registration covers . An owner of a trademark may commence civil legal proceedings against a party which infringes its registered trademark . In the United States , the Trademark Counterfeiting Act of 1984 criminalized the intentional trade in counterfeit goods and services .   The ACTA trade agreement , signed in May 2011 by the United States , Japan , Switzerland , and the EU , requires that its parties add criminal penalties , including incarceration and fines , for copyright and trademark infringement , and obligated the parties to actively police for infringement .   In many countries ( but not in countries like the United States , which recognizes common law trademark rights ) , a trademark which is not registered can not be `` infringed '' as such , and the trademark owner can not bring infringement proceedings . Instead , the owner may be able to commence proceedings under the common law for passing off or misrepresentation , or under legislation which prohibits unfair business practices . In some jurisdictions , infringement of trade dress may also be actionable .   Where the respective marks or products or services are not identical , similarity will generally be assessed by reference to whether there is a likelihood of confusion that consumers will believe the products or services originated from the trademark owner .   Likelihood of confusion is not necessarily measured by actual consumer confusion , though normally one of the elements , but by a series of criteria Courts have established . A prime example is the test announced by the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals in AMF , Inc v. Sleekcraft Boats , 599 F. 2d 341 ( C.A. 9 ) 1979 . The Court there announced eight specific elements to measure likelihood of confusion :  Strength of the mark  Proximity of the goods  Similarity of the marks  Evidence of actual confusion  Marketing channels used  Type of goods and the degree of care likely to be exercised by the purchaser  Defendant 's intent in selecting the mark  Likelihood of expansion of the product lines   Other Courts have fashioned their own tests for likelihood of confusion -- like those announced in In re E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co. , 476 F. 2d 1357 , 177 USPQ 563 ( CCPA 1973 ) , known collectively as the DuPont factors .   If the respective marks and products or services are entirely dissimilar , trademark infringement may still be established if the registered mark is well known pursuant to the Paris Convention . In the United States , a cause of action for use of a mark for such dissimilar services is called trademark dilution .   In some jurisdictions a party other than the owner ( e.g. , a licensee ) may be able to pursue trademark infringement proceedings against an infringer if the owner fails to do so .   The party accused of infringement may be able to defeat infringement proceedings if it can establish a valid exception ( e.g. , comparative advertising ) or defence ( e.g. , laches ) to infringement , or attack and cancel the underlying registration ( e.g. , for non-use ) upon which the proceedings are based .

neg: List of Freezing chapters Freezing is a Japanese manga series written by Dall-Young Lim and illustrated by Kwang-Hyun Kim . The series revolves around an extraterrestrial force called the Nova that are invading Earth , and genetically engineered girls called Pandoras and their male partners called Limiters are created to combat them . The story centers on Kazuya Aoi , a Limiter whose late sister was a Pandora , and Satellizer el Bridget , a Pandora with a cold personality who is known as the `` Untouchable Queen '' for her intense fear of being touched . Both are enrolled at West Genetics Academy , which is a special school that is part of a series of academies that trains Pandoras and Limiters alike to fight against the Nova .   Freezing started serialization in Kill Time Communication 's seinen manga magazine Comic Valkyrie in its March 2007 issue , published on January 27 , 2007 . The first tankōbon was released in October 26 , 2007 , with a total of twenty-five volumes sold in Japan as of October 25 , 2014 under its Valkryie Comics imprint . Freezing is currently split into two parts : Part 1 which ran from Volume 1 to Volume 14 , spanning 96 chapters ; and Part 2 , going from Volume 15 onwards and currently ongoing in Comic Valkyrie .   A spinoff manga , called , illustrated by Jae-Ho Yoon ( the illustrator of Lim 's light novel-based manhwa The Phantom King ) , began serialization in the November 2011 issue of Comic Valkyrie ( released on September 27 , 2011 ) , and ran four chapters until the March 2011 issue ( released January 27 , 2012 ) . A prequel to the original series , the story centers on Chiffon Fairchild and Ticy Phenyl 's first year at West Genetics prior to them becoming Student Council President and Vice President , and also explains the origin of Chiffon 's title , `` The Unmatched Smiling Monster '' . First Chronicle was later released as a tankōbon volume on February 29 , 2012 .   A second spinoff manga , called , illustrated by Soo-Cheol Jeong ( the illustrator of Lim 's novel-based manhwa The Legend of Maian ) , began serialization in the May 2012 issue of Comic Valkyrie ( published on March 27 , 2012 ) . Like First Chronicle before it , Zero is also a prequel to the original series , chronicling the back stories of many Pandoras prior to them attending Genetics . The first bound volume of Zero was released on August 29 , 2012 . A third spinoff , called , began serialization in the April 2013 issue of Comic Valkyrie .   Outside Japan , Freezing is published in South Korea by Haksan Culture Company , where it is serialized in Booking ; in France by Bamboo Edition under their Doki-Doki manga imprint ; and in Taiwan by Tong Li Publishing . A 12-episode anime adaptation by A.C.G.T. aired in Japan between January and April 2011 on AT-X and other channels .

neg: Robotech (novels) In 1987 , the Robotech animated series was adapted into novel form by authors James Luceno and Brian Daley and published by Del Rey Books . Having previously collaborated on the animated series Galaxy Rangers , the pair 's Robotech novels were released under the unified pseudonym of `` Jack McKinney '' . Using fictitious epigraphs in the style of Dune , McKinney 's novels escaped the limitations inherent in the dubbed cartoon and fleshed out its chronology in greater detail ; most significantly , by adapting the storyline of the aborted sequel project , `` The Sentinels '' . The entire series lasted for twenty-one books , the first fifteen of which were later collected into five three-book omnibus compilations in the early 1990s .   The original twelve novels were written to a tight twelve-month deadline , so that the books could be released one per month . Under this deadline , Daley and Luceno divided the Robotech timeline into twelve segments and worked on different segments simultaneously ( i.e. Daley wrote Book 1 while Luceno wrote Book 2 ) , then traded completed manuscripts for revision and style adjustments . As part of the research project , they watched the TV series many times , and consulted heavily with Carl Macek .   The first two omnibus collections , comprising the entirety of the `` Macross Saga '' , were reissued in 2003 to tie in with the release of the Robotech : Battlecry video game . Then , in 2007 , the next two omnibus collections , covering the remainder of the television series , were re-released as tie-ins to the animated movie , Robotech : The Shadow Chronicles . However , a revision of the Robotech timeline made by Harmony Gold alongside the release of the movie caused some continuity clashes with the McKinney novels , which were relegated to a `` secondary '' position in Robotech canon . To work around this , the Southern Cross and Invid Invasion collections contain new appendices written by Robotech fan Jonathan L. Switzer correcting any newborn mistakes .

neg: Mr. Burns Charles Montgomery Burns , known as C. Montgomery Burns and Monty Burns , but usually referred to simply as Mr. Burns , is a recurring character in the animated television series The Simpsons , and is voiced by Harry Shearer . Burns is the evil owner of the Springfield Nuclear Power Plant and is also Homer Simpson 's boss . He is assisted at almost all times by Waylon Smithers , his loyal and sycophantic aide , adviser , confidant and secret admirer .   Although originally conceived as a one-dimensional , recurring villain who might occasionally enter the Simpsons ' lives and wreak some sort of havoc , Burns ' popularity has led to his repeated inclusion in episodes . He is a stereotype of corporate America in his unquenchable desire to increase his own wealth and power , inability to remember his employees ' names ( including Homer 's , despite frequent interactions -- which has become a recurrent joke ) and lack of concern for their safety and well-being . Reflecting his advanced age , Burns is given to expressing dated humor , making references to Jazz Age popular culture , and aspiring to apply obsolete technology to everyday life . Conan O'Brien has called Burns his favorite character to write for , due to his arbitrarily old age and extreme wealth .   Burns ' trademark expression is the word `` Excellent '' , muttered slowly in a low , sinister voice while steepling his fingertips . He occasionally orders Smithers to `` release the hounds '' , so as to let his vicious guard dogs attack any intruders , enemies or even invited guests . Burns is Springfield 's richest and most powerful citizen ( and also the richest person in Springfield 's state ; his current net worth has been given as $ 7.3 billion by Forbes , though it fluctuates wildly depending on the episode ) . He uses his power and wealth to do whatever he wants , usually without regard for consequences and without interference from the authorities . These qualities led Wizard Magazine to rate him the 45th greatest villain of all time . TV Guide named him # 2 in their 2013 list of The 60 Nastiest Villains of All Time . In 2016 , Rolling Stone ranked him # 8 of their `` 40 Greatest TV Villains of All Time '' .

neg: Criminal Mind Criminal Mind may refer to :   `` Criminal Mind '' ( Lukas Graham song ) , 2012 song by Danish band Lukas Graham  `` Criminal Mind '' , a song on the album The Crack by The Ruts  Criminal Mind , an album by the band Gone  `` Criminal Mind '' , a song on the album Blue Streak  `` Criminal Mind '' , a song on the album Wolfpack Muzik Vol . 2 by The Pack  `` Criminal mind '' , a song on the album The Boyfriend by Danny Wilde  `` A Criminal Mind '' , a song by Lawrence Gowan  `` A Criminal Mind '' , an episode of the television show Snoops  Criminal Minds , a television show  Criminology , and the concepts of mens rea , offender profiling , and forensic psychology  `` Enter The Criminal Mind '' , a song on the album Revenge on Society by Blood for Blood  `` Into the Mind of a Killer '' , an article about criminal psychopathy  `` The Criminal Mind '' , an episode of the television show Lockup  `` The World 's Greatest Criminal Mind '' , a song from The Great Mouse Detective and once again on The Adventures of Connor Mclaughlin  The Criminal Personality , Volumes I , II & III ( 1976 , 1977 , 1986 ) and Inside the Criminal Mind ( 1984 ) , books by Stanton Samenow

neg: Stasis Stasis ( from Greek στάσις `` a standing still '' ) may refer to :  A state of stability , in which all forces are equal and opposing , therefore they cancel out each other  Stasis ( political history ) , as defined by Thucydides as a set of symptoms indicating an internal disturbance in both individuals and states  Stasis ( biology ) , a block of little or no evolutionary change in a species , in the punctuated equilibrium model of evolutionary biology  Stasis ( fiction ) implies , especially in science-fiction , an artificial pause that stops all physical and chemical processes , including those of life ; they resume as if uninterrupted as soon as the stasis is ended  Stasis ( liturgy ) a division of a Kathisma or other liturgical verses  Stasis ( medicine ) , a state in which the normal flow of a body liquid stops , for example the flow of blood through vessels or of intestinal contents through the digestive tract  Stasis , moniker of Steve Pickton , British techno musician  Stasis ( music ) , a technique or form used in minimalist music , and also any other style that may use slow musical development  Stasis ( rhetoric ) , represents a `` stand '' or a `` mode of proceeding '' in a given argument . It consists of a four-part invention process which investigates facts ( conjecture ) , definition , quality ( right or wrong ) and policy ( plan of action ) in a given argument .  Stasis ( The UA Years 1971 -- 1975 ) , a compilation album by Hawkwind  `` Stasis '' ( The Outer Limits ) , an episode of the television show  Stasis ( video game ) , a science fiction point and click Kickstarter project released in 2015  Venous stasis in medicine may refer to venous insufficiency

neg: Frozen (franchise) Frozen is a Disney media franchise started by the 2013 American animated feature Frozen , which was directed by Chris Buck and Jennifer Lee from a screenplay by Lee and produced by Peter Del Vecho , with songs by Robert Lopez and Kristen Anderson-Lopez . Walt Disney Animation Studios ' chief creative officer John Lasseter served as the film 's executive producer . The original film was inspired by the Hans Christian Andersen fairy tale `` The Snow Queen '' .   Since the film 's release in November 2013 , the franchise has expanded very rapidly . To date , the franchise includes various Disney theme park attractions , merchandise , video games , books , a Disney on Ice show , and a short animated film . Disney has also announced that it is working on a Broadway stage musical adaptation , an animated film sequel , and a new book series . In November 2014 , TheStreet.com explained that `` Frozen is no longer a movie , it 's a global brand , a larger than life franchise built around products , theme parks and sequels that could last into the next century '' . Boxoffice '' chief analyst Phil Contrino was quoted as saying `` it 's become massive '' .

neg: Autosave Autosave is a function in many computer applications or programs which saves an opened document automatically , helping to reduce the risk or impact of data loss in case of a crash or freeze . Autosaving is typically done either in predetermined intervals or before a complex editing task is begun .   It has traditionally been seen as a feature to protect documents in an application or system failure ( crash ) , and autosave backups are often purged whenever the user finishes his or her work . An alternative paradigm is to have all changes saved continuously ( as with pen and paper ) and all versions of a document available for review . This would remove the need for saving documents entirely . There are challenges to implementation at the file , application and operating system levels .   For example , in Microsoft Excel 2003 , this option is called AutoRecover and , by default , saves the document every ten minutes in the temporary file directory . Restarting Excel after crashing prompts the user to save the last recovered version . However , this does not protect users who mistakenly click `` No '' when asked to save their changes if Excel closes normally .   Mac OS 10.7 Lion added an autosave feature that is available to some applications , and works in conjunction with Time Machine-like functionality to periodically save all versions of a document . This eliminates the need for any manual saving , as well as providing versioning support through the same system . A version is saved every five minutes , during any extended periods of idle time , or when the user uses `` Save a version , '' which replaces the former `` Save '' menu item and takes its Command-S shortcut . Saves are made on snapshots of the document date and occur in a separate thread , so the user is never paused during this process . Applications need to be updated to take advantage of this functionality , and a number of Apple 's built-in programs were updated with the release . Autosave can not be disabled in Lion .   Autosave is common in video games . Many video games have an autosave feature that saves progress during a session . For example , in an adventure game , it may autosave after completing a level or mission , or in fighting games , it might save after winning a match . Some games use autosave as the only method of saving data , and the player must complete a set amount of the game before saving takes place . Still another use of autosaving is as an anti-cheating device ; for example in all MegaMan Battle Network games ( except the first ) , the chip trader machines autosave upon giving out a new battle chip so the player ca n't cheat by soft resetting after each try of the chip trader until the desired chip is received .   One of the first implementation of this feature appears in the text editor elvis .

neg: Duet Acting Duet Acting ( often shortened to `` Duet '' or abbreviated as `` DA '' in tournament schedules and results ) is an event in competitive high school forensics . Similar to Duo Interpretation , Duet Acting varies in two major respects : first , Duet is not an official National Forensic League event although some state organizations , such as the Texas Forensic Association , the Louisiana High School Speech League , and ( formerly ) the Ohio High School Speech League practice the event . Secondly , unlike Duo , in which the actors are not permitted to make eye contact with each other or touch each other , Duet incorporates an element of acting . Cuttings must be made from scripts .   Duet Acting involves two people , two chairs , and ( in some jurisdictions ) a table ; the furniture is supplied in each room of competition . Time limits vary , but generally each acting pair performs an eight - to twelve-minute scene , typically using only two characters . Occasionally the performers change roles , but can only play one character per scene in the manner of dramatic or humorous interpretation . The pieces may be either serious or funny , and the extensive use of movement is permitted ( i.e. , interaction between both characters , as well as with the table and chairs ) . Duet Acting has been removed from the Ohio High School Speech League .   Category : Debating

neg: Unfair preference An unfair preference ( or `` voidable preference '' ) is a legal term arising in bankruptcy law where a person or company transfers assets or pays a debt to a creditor shortly before going into bankruptcy , that payment or transfer can be set aside on the application of the liquidator or trustee in bankruptcy as an unfair preference or simply a preference .   The law on unfair preferences varies from country to country , but characteristically , to set a transaction or payment aside as an unfair preference , the liquidator will need to show that :  the person or company was insolvent at the time the payment was made ( either on the cash-flow test , or on the balance sheet test - it varies from country to country )  the person or company then went into bankruptcy within a specified time thereafter , usually referred to as the vulnerability period  the payment had the effect of putting the creditor in a better position than other unsecured creditors  in some jurisdictions , it is also necessary to show that the bankrupt intended to grant a preference .   In most countries an application to have a transaction set aside as a preference can only be made by the liquidator or trustee in bankruptcy ( as the person making the payment must be in bankruptcy , and thus they are not normally liable to suits from other creditors ) .   The effect of a successful application to have a transaction declared as an unfair preference varies . Inevitably the creditor which received the payment or assets has to return it to the liquidator . In some countries the assets are treated in the normal way , and may be taken by any secured creditors who have a security interest which catches the assets ( characteristically , a floating charge ) . However , some countries have `` ring-fenced '' recoveries of unfair preferences so that they are made available to the pool of assets for unsecured creditors .   An unfair preference has some of the same characteristics as a fraudulent conveyance , but legally they are separate concepts . There is not normally any requirement to prove an intention to defraud to recover assets under an unfair preference application . However , similar to fraudulent conveyance applications , unfair preferences are often seen in connection with asset protection schemes that are entered into too late by the putative bankrupt .   Many jurisdictions provide for an exception in the case of transactions entered into in the ordinary course of business with a view to keeping the company trading , and such transactions are usually either validated or presumed to be validated .

neg: Quasi-criminal Quasi-criminal means a lawsuit or equity proceeding that has some , but not all , of the qualities of a criminal prosecution . It may appear in either a Common law or a Civil law jurisdiction . It refers to `` a court 's right to punish for actions or omissions as if they were criminal '' .   The origins of the phrase comes from the Latin language word , quasi , meaning somewhat , sort-of , alike or akin , to criminal law , as in Quasi-contract . Quasi is used `` to indicate that one subject resembles another , with which it is compared , in certain characteristics , but there are intrinsic and material differences between them '' .   During a civil or equity trial , a court may act as if it were a criminal case to punish a person for contempt of court . In some cases , a court may impose asset forfeiture or another penalty . For example , a court has the right to punish actions or omissions of a party in a child support case as if they were a criminal , penalizing the parent with a sentence of jail time .

neg: For a Breath I Tarry `` For a Breath I Tarry '' is a highly regarded 1966 post-apocalyptic novelette by Roger Zelazny . Taking place long after the self-extinction of Man , it recounts the tale of Frost , a sentient machine ( '' ... a silver-blue box , 40x40x40 feet , ... featured in whatever manner he chose . '' ) Though Man has disappeared , his robotic creations ( and their creations in turn ) continue to function .   For ten thousand years Frost sat at the North Pole of the Earth , aware of every snowflake that fell . He monitored and directed the activities of thousands of reconstruction and maintenance machines . He knew half the Earth , as gear knows gear , as electricity knows its conductor , as a vacuum knows its limits . At the South Pole , the Beta-Machine did the same for the southern hemisphere .   Along the way , the story explores the differences between Man and Machine , the former experiencing the world qualitatively , while the latter do so quantitatively . `` A machine is a Man turned inside-out , because it can describe all the details of a process , which a Man can not , but it can not experience that process itself as a Man can . '' This is illustrated by a conversation Frost has with another machine named Mordel .   `` Regard this piece of ice , mighty Frost . You can tell me its composition , dimensions , weight , temperature . A Man could not look at it and do that . A Man could make tools which would tell Him these things , but He still would not know measurement as you know it . What He would know of it , though , is a thing that you can not know . '' `` What is that ? '' `` That it is cold . ''   Driving the plot and setting its tone are allusions to other literature , most specifically the first chapter of the Book of Job , both in situation and language , as verses are both quoted directly and paraphrased . Additionally , echoes of the first three chapters of the Book of Genesis appear . Finally , Frost and Mordel enter into a Faustian bargain , with , however , better results than in the original .   The novelette has appeared in collections of Zelazny 's works and in anthologies .   The title is from a phrase in A. E. Housman 's collection A Shropshire Lad .

neg: Nuclear-powered icebreaker A nuclear-powered icebreaker is a nuclear-powered ship purpose-built for use in waters covered with ice . The only country constructing nuclear-powered icebreakers is Russia . Nuclear-powered icebreakers have been constructed by the USSR and later Russia primarily to aid shipping along the Northern Sea Route in the frozen Arctic waterways north of Siberia . Nuclear-powered icebreakers are much more powerful than their diesel-powered counterparts , and although nuclear propulsion is expensive to install and maintain , very heavy fuel demands and limitations on range can make diesel vessels less practical and economical overall for these ice-breaking duties .   During the winter , the ice along the Northern Sea Route varies in thickness from 1.2 to 2.0 metres ( 3.9 to 6.5 feet ) . The ice in central parts of the Arctic Ocean is on average 2.5 metres ( 8.2 ft ) thick . Nuclear-powered icebreakers can force through this ice at speeds up to 10 knots ( 19 km/h , 12 mph ) . In ice-free waters the maximum speed of the nuclear-powered icebreakers is as much as 21 knots ( 39 km/h , 24 mph ) .   In August 2012 Russia 's state-owned nuclear corporation , Rosatom , signed a contract to begin construction on what will be the world 's largest nuclear icebreaker , a `` universal '' vessel that could navigate both shallower rivers and the freezing depths of the Arctic .

neg: Ice cream Ice cream ( derived from earlier iced cream or cream ice ) is a sweetened frozen food typically eaten as a snack or dessert . It is usually made from dairy products , such as milk and cream , and often combined with fruits or other ingredients and flavors . It is typically sweetened with sugar or sugar substitutes . Typically , flavourings and colourings are added in addition to stabilizers . The mixture is stirred to incorporate air spaces and cooled below the freezing point of water to prevent detectable ice crystals from forming . The result is a smooth , semi-solid foam that is solid at very low temperatures ( < 35 ° F / 2 ° C ) . It becomes more malleable as its temperature increases .   The meaning of the phrase `` ice cream '' varies from one country to another . Phrases such as `` frozen custard '' , `` frozen yogurt '' , `` sorbet '' , `` gelato '' and others are used to distinguish different varieties and styles . In some countries , such as the United States , the phrase `` ice cream '' applies only to a specific variety , and most governments regulate the commercial use of the various terms according to the relative quantities of the main ingredients , notably the amount of cream . Products that do not meet the criteria to be called ice cream are labelled `` frozen dairy dessert '' instead . In other countries , such as Italy and Argentina , one word is used for all variants . Analogues made from dairy alternatives , such as goat 's or sheep 's milk , or milk substitutes ( e.g. , soy milk or tofu ) , are available for those who are lactose intolerant , allergic to dairy protein , or vegan .   Ice cream may be served in dishes , for eating with a spoon , or in cones , which are licked . Ice cream may be served with other desserts , such as apple pie . Ice cream is used to prepare other desserts , including ice cream floats , sundaes , milkshakes , ice cream cakes and even baked items , such as the Baked Alaska .

neg: Freeze Frame (2004 film) Freeze Frame is a British-American psychological thriller-mystery film written and directed by John Simpson , and starring comedian Lee Evans in the lead role . The film follows the story of Sean Veil played by Evans who eventually becomes paranoid after being accused of triple murder and films his every moment of life to provide an alibi . The film was rated R by the Motion Picture Association of America .