query: Memorial Day was observed on May 30th from 1868 to 1971.

pos: Memorial Day Memorial Day is a federal holiday in the United States for remembering the people who died while serving in the country 's armed forces . The holiday , which is currently observed every year on the last Monday of May , was held on May 30 from 1868-1971 . It marks the start of the unofficial summer vacation season , while Labor Day marks its end .   Many people visit cemeteries and memorials , particularly to honor those who have died in military service . Many volunteers place an American flag on each grave in national cemeteries .   Memorial Day is not to be confused with Veterans Day ; Memorial Day is a day of remembering the men and women who died while serving , while Veterans Day celebrates the service of all U.S. military veterans .

neg: Laos Memorial The Laos and Hmong Memorial , or Lao Veterans of America Monument , is a granite monument , bronze plaque and living memorial ( that includes an Atlas Cedar tree ) in Arlington National Cemetery . It is located in Section 2 on Grant Avenue between the path to the JFK memorial and the Tomb of the Unknowns , in Arlington National Cemetery , Arlington , Virginia , in the United States . The Laos - Hmong memorial commemorates the veterans of the `` Secret War '' in Laos who fought against invading Soviet Union-backed North Vietnam Army forces of the People 's Army of Vietnam and communist Pathet Lao guerrillas .   Approved by the U.S. Department of Defense , Arlington National Cemetery , and the U.S. Department of the Army , but designed and paid for privately by the Lao Veterans of America , Inc. , the Lao Veterans of America Institute , and The Centre for Public Policy Analysis , the memorial stands as a tribute to the Hmong , Lao , other ethnic groups ( Lao , Khmu , Mien , Lahu ) , and American clandestine and military advisers who made up the Secret War effort during the Vietnam War . The Lao Veterans of America , Inc. is the nation 's largest ethnic Laotian - and Hmong-American veterans organization .

neg: Day of Remembrance for Truth and Justice The Day of Remembrance for Truth and Justice ( Día de la Memoria por la Verdad y la Justicia ) is a public holiday in Argentina , commemorating the victims of the Dirty War . It is held on 24 March , the anniversary of the coup d'état of 1976 that brought the National Reorganization Process to power .   The commemoration was sanctioned as Law 25633 by the Argentine National Congress on 1 August 2002 , and promulgated by the Executive Branch on 22 August of the same year . However , it was not implemented as a public national holiday until 2006 . The 30th anniversary of the coup was marked by massive demonstrations .

neg: Nieuport Memorial The British Nieuport Memorial is a First World War memorial , located in the Belgian port city of Nieuwpoort ( Nieuport ) , which is at the mouth of the River Yser . The memorial lists 547 names of British officers and men with no known grave who were killed in the Siege of Antwerp in 1914 or in the defence of this part of the Western Front from June to November 1917 . Those that fought in 1914 were members of the Royal Naval Division . The fighting in 1917 , when XV Corps defended the line from Sint-Joris to the sea , included the German use of chemical weapons such as mustard gas and Blue Cross .   Designed by the Scottish architect William Bryce Binnie , the memorial is an 8-metre-high pylon of Euville stone , a limestone from Euville . The names of those commemorated are cast on bronze panels surrounding the base of the pylon . Three lions , carved by the British sculptor Charles Sargeant Jagger , stand guard at the corners of the memorial 's triangular paved platform . Around the top of the bronze name panels is cast the words from Laurence Binyon 's famous poem , `` For the Fallen '' :   The memorial was unveiled on 1 July 1928 by Sir George Macdonogh , a commissioner for the Imperial War Graves Commission ( now Commonwealth War Graves Commission ) . Macdonogh had been a staff officer and general for the Directorate of Military Intelligence for most of the war , being appointed Adjutant-General to the Forces in September 1918 .

neg: 29th Golden Globe Awards The 29th Golden Globe Awards , honoring the best in film and television for 1971 films , were held on February 6 , 1972 .

neg: Diane Carlson Evans 1Lt . Diane Carlson Evans , ANC RVN ( born 1946 ) served as a nurse in the United States Army during the Vietnam War and co-founded the Vietnam Women 's Memorial Project with Donna-Marie Boulay in 1984 ( now the Vietnam Women 's Memorial Foundation ) , initiating and leading the effort to add the Vietnam Women 's Memorial to the Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington , DC .   Carlson Evans was born and raised on a dairy farm in rural Minnesota and graduated from nursing school in Minneapolis , Minnesota . Upon graduation , she joined the Army Nurse Corps and served in Vietnam , at age 21 , in 1968-1969 . She served in the burn unit of the 36th Evacuation Hospital in Vung Tau and at Pleiku in the 71st Evacuation Hospital , 30 miles from the Cambodian border in the Central Highlands , just 10 to 20 minutes by helicopter from the field . Including her one year in Vietnam , Carlson Evans completed a total of 6 years in the Army Nurse Corps .   Carlson Evans attended the dedication of the Vietnam Veteran 's Memorial ( the `` wall '' ) in 1982 . Following the dedication of the statue of three soldiers at the Vietnam Veteran 's Memorial in 1984 , Carlson Evans co-founded the Vietnam Women 's Memorial Project , to honor the service of American military women who served during the Vietnam War era . She worked from 1984 through 1993 to establish the Vietnam Women 's Memorial , lobbying federal authorities for permission to build a memorial to the 11,000 military women who served in Vietnam and the 265,000 who served around the world during the Vietnam era . Carlson Evans and thousands of volunteers in 50 states raised money and public support for the cause , including from leading veteran 's organizations , including the Veterans of Foreign Wars , Vietnam Veterans of America , Disabled American Veterans , and the American Legion . At the time of dedication , the VWMP was about $ 600,000 -- $ 700,000 short of required funds , and the corporation which underwrote the amount , provided the needed last-minute cash .   It took seven years of testimony before three federal commissions and two congressional bills for Evans and her supporters to earn permission for the memorial . Once permission was granted , more than 300 artists entered a major design competition in 1990 . Sculptor Glenna Goodacre , of Sante Fe , New Mexico , submitted a design that received honorable mention and was selected as the statue that replaced the design `` Nurse '' by Rodger Brodin which was used as a fundraiser during the early days of awareness-raising ; the model for `` Nurse , '' with which thousands fell in love and which raised the first million dollars toward the Project , was Rhonda McKellup a 26-year-old sheriff 's office dispatcher in Minnesota . The Goodacre statue now stands on the National Mall in Washington , D.C. . The bronze sculpture is 7 ' 0 '' tall with four figures , 3 women and a wounded soldier . The Vietnam Women 's Memorial was dedicated before a crowd of thousands on November 11 , 1993 , with remarks from then Vice President and Vietnam Veteran Al Gore .   Since the dedication of the Vietnam Women 's Memorial in 1993 , Carlson Evans has remained active in the veterans community . As Founder and President of the Vietnam Women 's Memorial Foundation , she speaks nationally about the experience of women in wartime . She and her husband , of thirty years plus , have four children and five grandchildren .

neg: Anniversary An anniversary is the date on which an event took place or an institution was founded in a previous year , and may also refer to the commemoration or celebration of that event . For example , the first event is the initial occurrence or , if planned , the inaugural of the event . One year later would be the first anniversary of that event . The word was first used for Catholic feasts to commemorate saints .   Most countries celebrate national anniversaries , typically called national days . These could be the date of independence of the nation or the adoption of a new constitution or form of government . The important dates in a sitting monarch 's reign may also be commemorated , an event often referred to as a `` jubilee '' .

neg: List of terrorist incidents in 1970 This is a timeline of incidents in 1970 that have been labelled as `` terrorism '' and are not believed to have been carried out by a government or its forces ( see state terrorism and state-sponsored terrorism ) .   , 1970 -- 1972 : The Jewish Defense League was linked with a bomb explosion outside Aeroflot 's New York City office , and a detonation outside of Soviet cultural offices in Washington . Also a JDL member allegedly fired a rifle into the Soviet Union 's mission office at the United Nations . Two JDL members were convicted of bomb possession and burglary in a conspiracy to blow up the Long Island residence of the Soviet Mission to The Bronx .

neg: Reunification Day Reunification Day ( Ngày Thống nhất ) , Victory Day ( Ngày Chiến thắng ) or Liberation Day ( Ngày Giải phóng or Ngày Giải phóng miền Nam ) or the official name of Day of liberating the South for national reunification ( Giải phóng miền Nam , thống nhất đất nước ) is a public holiday in Vietnam that marks the event when Viet Cong and North Vietnamese troops captured Saigon ( now Ho Chi Minh City ) on April 30 , 1975 . This signalled the end of the Vietnam War , known in Vietnamese as Chiến tranh Việt Nam ( Vietnam War ) or Kháng chiến chống Mỹ cứu nước ( `` Resistance War Against American invasion '' ) . It was the start of the transition period toward reunification , which occurred in the national election for national reunification on July 2 , 1976 , when the Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam and Democratic Republic of Vietnam merged to form the modern-day Vietnam or the Socialist Republic of Vietnam .   The anniversary is marked by several festivals around the date .   Sections of the Vietnamese exile community remember it as the `` Fall of Saigon '' , `` Black April '' ( Tháng Tư Đen ) , National Day of Shame ( Ngày Quốc Nhục ) or National Day of Resentment ( Ngày Quốc Hận ) . This is a commemorative day for exiled Vietnamese who served , were affected , and displaced in those overseas communities , and as such is a day of reflection .

neg: Thanksgiving (Canada) Thanksgiving ( Action de grâce ) , or Thanksgiving Day ( Jour de l'action de grâce ) is an annual Canadian holiday , occurring on the second Monday in October , which celebrates the harvest and other blessings of the past year .   Thanksgiving has been officially celebrated as an annual holiday in Canada since November 6 , 1879 , when parliament passed a law designating a national day of thanksgiving . The date , however , was not fixed and moved earlier and later in the year , though it was commonly the third Monday in October .   On January 31 , 1957 , the Governor General of Canada Vincent Massey issued a proclamation stating :  `` A Day of General Thanksgiving to Almighty God for the bountiful harvest with which Canada has been blessed -- to be observed on the 2nd Monday in October . ''

neg: Demobilization of United States armed forces after World War II The Demobilization of United States armed forces after the Second World War began with the defeat of Germany in May 1945 and continued through 1946 . The United States had more than 12 million men and women in the armed forces at the end of World War II of whom 7.6 million were stationed abroad . The American public demanded a rapid demobilization and soldiers protested the slowness of the process . Military personnel were returned to the United States in Operation Magic Carpet . By June 30 , 1947 , the number of active duty soldiers , sailors , Marines , and airmen in the armed forces had been reduced to 1,566,000 .

neg: Holocaust Memorial Days Holocaust Memorial Day or Holocaust Remembrance Day refers to various countries ' designated annual day of commemoration honoring the victims , survivors and rescuers of the Holocaust during the Nazi German regime .   As of 2004 , twelve countries observed January 27 , the day of the liberation of the Auschwitz concentration camp , including Germany , Britain , France , Italy and Scandinavian countries . In 2004 Israel designated this date as a mark of the struggle against anti-Semitism .   As of 2004 , eleven countries in Europe had chosen dates related to local histories .

neg: Japan War-Bereaved Families Association The is an association in Japan that was set up to represent the interests of relatives of deceased war veterans in the Second World War . Its headquarters are in Kudanminami , Tokyo . The group supports visits to Yasukuni Shrine in Tokyo to pay respects to Japan 's war dead .   In 2014 the Fukuoka Prefecture chapter of the association called for the A-class war criminals enshrined at Yasukuni Shrine to be removed to make the site less controversial . The statement stated that the chapter `` hopes that the emperor and empress , as well as the prime minister and all other Japanese nationals , will be able to pay their respects at Yasukuni without reserve '' .

neg: Emancipation Memorial The Emancipation Memorial , also known as the Freedman 's Memorial or the Emancipation Group , and sometimes referred to as the `` Lincoln Memorial '' before the more prominent so-named memorial was built , is a monument in Lincoln Park in the Capitol Hill neighborhood of Washington , D.C.   Designed and sculpted by Thomas Ball and erected in 1876 , the monument depicts Abraham Lincoln in his role of the `` Great Emancipator '' freeing a male African American slave modeled on Archer Alexander . The ex-slave is depicted on one knee , with one fist clenched , shirtless and shackled at the president 's feet .   The statue originally faced west towards the U.S. Capitol until it was rotated east in 1974 in order to face the newly-erected Mary McLeod Bethune Memorial .   The monument has long been the subject of controversy . According to information from American University :   Despite being paid for by African Americans , historian Kirk Savage in 1997 condemned it as `` a monument entrenched in and perpetuating racist ideology '' because of the supplicant and inferior position of the Black figure .   The statue is a contributing monument to the Civil War Monuments in Washington , DC , of the National Register of Historic Places .

neg: National Center for Voluntary Action The National Center for Voluntary Action was an independent , private , non-profit organization that existed in the 1970s , and then extended on in merged forms , that sought to encourage volunteerism on the part of American citizens and organizations , assist in program development for voluntary efforts , and sought to make voluntary action an important force in American society .   The organization had its origins in 1969 , the first year of the Nixon administration , when the Cabinet Committee on Voluntary Action was put into place . Led by United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development George W. Romney , a study performed by this committee found a need for a national , non-governmental organization .   Hence came the National Center for Voluntary Action , created in 1970 by executive order of the president . At its first meeting on February 20 , 1970 , Romney stressed the value of voluntary action as the `` fourth way '' of solving problems ( along with the federal government , state and local government , and private industry ) . In April 1970 , Henry Ford II became the organization 's first chair and Bud Wilkinson its first president .   The organization launched a nationwide effort to develop Voluntary Action Centers ( previously known as Volunteer Bureaus ) as local volunteer centers to help people meet their needs through actions of volunteers . A heart-shaped logo was devised for the Voluntary Action Centers and used nationwide . It operated an information bank known as Clearinghouse . By October 1971 , Voluntary Action Centers had been established in 32 communities , with 30 more underway and 250 other communities having expressed interest .   Wilkinson left in August 1970 . Lenore Romney , George 's wife , became a director of the organization , and a member of its executive committee by 1971 , and vice president by 1973 . Ford departed in 1972 , and W. Clement Stone , who was the treasurer , became acting chair .   In 1973 , as he left the Nixon administration , George Romney became chair and CEO of the National Center for Voluntary Action .   In 1976 , the organization sponsored a national Congress on Volunteerism and Citizenship in conjunction with the United States Bicentennial of that year .   In 1979 , the National Center for Voluntary Action merged with another organization , the Colorado-based National Information Center on Volunteerism ( which had been in existence since 1970 , and as the National Information Center on Volunteers in Courts , since 1967 ) , and together became a new organization , VOLUNTEER : The National Center for Citizen Involvement . Romney remained as head of the new organization . The organization simplified its name to VOLUNTEER : The National Center in 1984 and to the National Volunteer Center in 1990 . Romney remained as chair of these organizations throughout this time .   In 1991 , the organization merged into the Points of Light Foundation , which had been created in 1990 under the aegis of President George H.W. Bush . The merged organization also became known during the 2000s as the Points of Light Foundation and Volunteer Center National Network . That organization then in 2007 merged with the Atlanta-based Hands On Network to become the Points of Light Institute .

neg: Day of Remembrance Day of Remembrance may refer to :   Remembrance Day , a commemorative day observed by many Commonwealth countries .  Transgender Day of Remembrance , a commemorative day observed by the LGBT community .  Day of Remembrance for Truth and Justice , a commemorative day observed by Argentina .  Day of Remembrance of the Victims of Political Repressions , a commemorative day observed by former Soviet countries .  Yom Hazikaron , a commemorative day observed by Israel .  National Day of Hatred , a commemorative day in Cambodia .  Day of Remembrance ( Japanese Americans ) , day commemorating the Japanese American internment during World War II .


query: Romelu Lukaku joined Chelsea.

pos: Romelu Lukaku Romelu Menama Lukaku ( born 13 May 1993 ) is a Belgian professional footballer who plays as a striker for Premier League club Everton and the Belgium national team . He is one of only five players to score 50 Premier League goals before his 23rd birthday , and the first foreign player to score 80 before his 24th birthday .   Lukaku started his career with local side Rupel Boom , before joining Lierse , where he earned a move to Anderlecht of the Belgian Pro League in 2006 . Lukaku made his professional debut while still at school at the age of 16 , and became the 2009 -- 10 top scorer in Belgium as Anderlecht won the Belgian championship . He also won the Belgian Ebony Shoe in 2011 . In the 2011 summer transfer window , Lukaku joined Premier League club Chelsea . He did not appear regularly in his first season there , and spent the following two seasons on loan at West Bromwich Albion and Everton respectively , signing permanently for the latter for a club record # 28 million in 2014 .   Lukaku made his senior international debut for Belgium in 2010 , and has since earned over 50 caps . He has also represented the country at the 2014 FIFA World Cup and UEFA Euro 2016 .

neg: 1999–2000 Real Madrid C.F. season The 1999 -- 2000 season was Real Madrid C.F. 's 69th season in La Liga . This article shows statistics of the club 's players in the season , and also lists all matches that the club played in the 1999 -- 2000 season .   This was the season that marked the start of the Vicente del Bosque era of trophy winning at the club , having taken over from John Toshack early in the campaign . The squad was also largely different from the previous squad , with the arrival of Steve McManaman and Nicolas Anelka from the English Premier League , as well as local talents Míchel Salgado , and Iván Helguera , to support the budding young talent of Raúl , Iker Casillas , Fernando Morientes and Guti , as well as the older veterans such as Fernando Hierro and Roberto Carlos .

neg: 2008–09 Manchester United F.C. season The 2008 -- 09 season was Manchester United 's 17th season in the Premier League , and their 34th consecutive season in the top division of English football . After winning a third consecutive Premier League title for the second time to equal Liverpool 's record of 18 league titles , the team aimed to become the first team to retain the European Cup since Milan in 1990 . However , they were beaten 2 -- 0 by Barcelona in the final at the Stadio Olimpico in Rome on 27 May 2009 .   United started their season in August 2008 by winning the Community Shield . In December 2008 , the club became the first English side to win the FIFA Club World Cup when they beat LDU Quito 1 -- 0 in the final . Two months later , on 1 March 2009 , the club added the 2008 -- 09 League Cup to their trophy cabinet with a 4 -- 1 penalty shootout win over Tottenham Hotspur after a goalless 120 minutes in the final .   United secured a third consecutive Premier League with a goalless draw at home to Arsenal on 16 May 2009 . This made them the first team ever to win three consecutive English top flight titles on two separate occasions , having previously done so between 1999 and 2001 .

neg: List of Fulham F.C. seasons Fulham Football Club is an English professional football team based in Fulham in the London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham . The club was formed in West Kensington in 1879 as Fulham St Andrew 's Church Sunday School F.C. , shortened to Fulham F.C. in 1888 . They initially played at Fulham Fields before a move to Craven Cottage in 1896 ; the club played their first professional match in December 1898 and made their FA Cup debut in the 1902 -- 03 season .   The club competed in the Southern Football League between 1898 and 1907 , when they were accepted into the Football League Second Division . Having spent much of their history outside the top division , the team gained promotion to the Premier League in 2001 .   Fulham reached the final of the UEFA Europa League in 2010 . To date they are the club with the highest number of seasons in the top flight ( 25 ) without having achieved a single honour . Their highest position in the English football league system was 7th in the Premier League in 2008 -- 09 , while their lowest position was 17th in the Third Division ( by then the fourth tier ) in 1995 -- 96 .   The following table gives a record of every season of the club from their first professional season in the Southern Football League Division 2 , to the present day , in the EFL Championship . It details the club 's achievements in major competitions , their managers , and the top scorers in the league for each season . The table is correct up to the end of the 2012 -- 13 season .

neg: 2014 UEFA Europa League Final The 2014 UEFA Europa League Final was the final match of the 2013 -- 14 UEFA Europa League , the 43rd season of Europe 's secondary club football tournament organised by UEFA , and the fifth season since it was renamed from the UEFA Cup to the UEFA Europa League . It was played at the Juventus Stadium in Turin , Italy on 14 May 2014 , between Spanish side Sevilla and Portuguese side Benfica . Sevilla won the match 4 -- 2 on penalties , following a 0 -- 0 draw after extra time .   Sevilla secured their third title in eight years , after winning the competition in 2006 and 2007 . With this triumph , they joined Juventus ( 1977 , 1990 , 1993 ) , Internazionale ( 1991 , 1994 , 1998 ) and Liverpool ( 1973 , 1976 , 2001 ) as the teams with the most wins . Benfica lost their second consecutive UEFA Europa League final , following their defeat against Chelsea in the 2013 final . Including their runner-up finish in 1983 , Benfica are the team with the most lost finals in the competition .   As the winners , Sevilla earned the right to play against 2013 -- 14 UEFA Champions League winners Real Madrid in the 2014 UEFA Super Cup .

neg: 1960–61 Chelsea F.C. season The 1960 -- 61 season was Chelsea Football Club 's 47th of competitive football , and their 35th in the English top flight .   Chelsea 's performances and results were erratic throughout the season , typified by large victories over Arsenal , Newcastle United and West Bromwich Albion and heavy defeats against Manchester United , Wolverhampton Wanderers and Burnley , culminating in a sixth consecutive mid-table finish since their Championship success in 1955 . The club were also victims of an upset in the FA Cup , losing 2 -- 1 at home to Fourth Division side Crewe Alexandra .   The season was nonetheless a watershed in the club 's history ; frustrated at the club 's lack of direction , Chelsea 's star player Jimmy Greaves joined AC Milan at the end of the season . Manager Ted Drake , his position weakened by the Crewe result in particular , would also leave the club early into the next season .   Despite the lack of tangible success , the season produced a series of records . Chelsea scored 98 league goals , a record that stood until Chelsea 's record breaking 2009 -- 10 season and conceded 100 goals -- another club record . Greaves scored 41 league goals , plus another two in the League Cup for a seasonal total of 43 , which has never been bettered by another Chelsea player . Greaves also notched six hat-tricks ( another club record for a single season ) , and during the campaign scored his 100th career league goal ; at the age of 21 , still the youngest ever player to do so .

neg: 2013–14 Manchester City F.C. season The 2013 -- 14 season is Manchester City Football Club 's 112th season of competitive football , its 85th season in the top division of English football and its 17th season in the Premier League since the league was first created , with Manchester City as one of the original 22 founder-members .   The season was notable for City 's goal-scoring performances . On 18 January against Cardiff City , City became the fastest club in Premier League history to score 100 competitive goals in all competitions and the first to complete this feat before the end of January . They went on to score 156 goals in all competitions , breaking the previous goal aggregate record of 143 goals set by Manchester United in 1956 -- 57 .  Their 100th Premier League goal of the season was scored in the 4 -- 0 victory over Aston Villa on 7 May 2014 . This was the first time City had scored more than 100 league goals in the top English division in a season since 1957 -- 58 . Coincidentally , their 100th goal was notable for another reason , as it became the first goal in all of English league football to be decided via the Hawk-Eye system , which had been rolled out for use in English football at the start of the season .   The final tally of 102 league goals was at the time the second-highest Premier League season total and one goal short of Chelsea 's 2009 -- 10 record .  This was also the first Premier League season where a team had three individual players each score more than 15 league goals ( Yaya Touré , Sergio Agüero and Edin Džeko )   City recorded their first silverware of the Manuel Pellegrini era on 2 March 2014 , when they lifted the Football League Cup . In doing so , they became the first Manchester City side to lift the famous three-handled trophy since 1976 .   Then , on 11 May 2014 , they won the Premier League for the second time in three seasons with a 2 -- 0 win over West Ham United . It was the first time that Manchester City had won two major trophies in a season since the 1969 -- 70 season , when they won the League Cup and the Cup Winners ' Cup , and concluded one of the greatest seasons in the club 's history .

neg: Licá Luís Carlos Pereira Carneiro ( born 8 September 1988 ) , known as Licá , is a Portuguese professional footballer who plays for English club Nottingham Forest as a right winger .

neg: 2008–09 S.L. Benfica season The 2008 -- 09 European football season was Sport Lisboa e Benfica 's 105th season and their 75th consecutive season in the top flight of Portuguese football . The season ran from 1 July 2008 to 30 June 2009 , with Benfica competing domestically in the Primeira Liga , Taça de Portugal and Taça da Liga . The club also participated in the UEFA Cup , since they finished fourth in the Primeira Liga the previous season .   After José Antonio Camacho 's March 2008 resignation , Benfica did not have a permanent manager . The club inquired about Quique Sánchez Flores , Sven-Göran Eriksson and others , ultimately choosing Flores . Rui Costa led the transfer activity as Benfica continued to invest heavily , spending nearly $ 19 million on Javier Balboa , Carlos Martins , Pablo Aimar and Sidnei and bringing in José Antonio Reyes and David Suazo on loan . Major departures included Rui Costa , Cristian Rodríguez , Petit and Nélson .   Benfica 's season began inauspiciously but they quickly recovered , gaining momentum domestically and eliminating Napoli to qualify for the group stage of the UEFA Cup . Until January , club performance fluctuated in their European campaign and the domestic league . Although they finished last in the former , they reached first place in the Primeira Liga for the first time since 2005 .   In the new year , Benfica suffered their first league loss , falling to second place and beginning their erratic spell . Despite a sterling League Cup ( where they earned their first honour in four seasons ) , the club 's league play was not as impressive . They battled Porto for first place until March , when they had another costly loss and were passed by Sporting CP . Benfica tried to retake second place in the remaining eight matches , but in early May , the club dropped five points , sealing their fate ; they finished third , missing the UEFA Champions League for a second consecutive season .

neg: 1966–67 FA Cup The 1966 -- 67 FA Cup was the 86th season of the world 's oldest football cup competition , the Football Association Challenge Cup , commonly known as the FA Cup . Tottenham Hotspur won the competition for the fifth time , beating Chelsea 2 -- 1 in the first all-London final . The game was played at Wembley .   Matches were scheduled to be played at the stadium of the team named first on the date specified for each round , which was always a Saturday . Some matches , however , might be rescheduled for other days if there were clashes with games for other competitions or the weather was inclement . If scores were level after 90 minutes had been played , a replay would take place at the stadium of the second-named team later the same week . If the replayed match was drawn further replays would be held until a winner was determined . If scores were level after 90 minutes had been played in a replay , a 30-minute period of extra time would be played .

neg: Shikabala Mahmoud Abdel Razek Fadlallah ( 1 = محمود عبد الرازق '' شيكابالا '' -LSB- mæħˈmuːd ʕæbdelˈɾæːzeʔ , - eɾˈɾæː - fɑdˈlɑllɑ -RSB- ; born 5 March 1986 ) , commonly known as Shikabala ( -LSB- ʃikæˈbæːlæ -RSB- ) is an Egyptian footballer who currently plays for Egyptian club Zamalek SC . Growing through the youth ranks of Zamalek , he served the Egyptian club for many years and is considered to be one of the greatest players to play for the club . He previously had a two-year stint with PAOK . He predominantly plays as a right-winger but can play as a central attacking midfielder and as a left winger .

neg: Graeme Le Saux Graeme Pierre Le Saux ( -LSB- ləˈsoʊ -RSB- ; born 17 October 1968 ) is a retired Jèrriais and English professional footballer of French ancestry . He played from 1989 to 2005 starting as a left winger ( often wearing the number 7 shirt - right winger Dennis Wise would wear number 11 ) during his first spell at Chelsea , eventually becoming a left back for Chelsea , Blackburn Rovers and Southampton , and for the England national football team . He came out of retirement in 2012 by signing with Wembley in order to appear in the club 's FA Cup fixtures .   After beginning playing in Jersey , he moved to England and debuted for Chelsea in 1989 . He left Chelsea in 1993 to join the Blackburn side being built by wealthy benefactor , Jack Walker , and was part of their 1994 -- 95 Premier League winning team . In 1997 , he returned to Chelsea , staying there for six seasons until moving to Southampton in 2003 . He announced his retirement from football upon Southampton 's relegation from the Premier League in 2005 .   In his club playing career , he scored 20 goals from 403 club appearances . He was twice named in the Professional Footballers ' Association Team of the Year , in 1995 with Blackburn and in 1998 with Chelsea . His return to Chelsea in 1997 in a # 5 million transfer made him the most expensive defender in English football . As an England international , he made 36 senior appearances from 1994 until 2000 , including starting all four England games at the 1998 FIFA World Cup in France , and scoring one international goal , against Brazil .

neg: Wilson Raj Perumal Wilson Raj Perumal ( born 31 July 1965 ) is a convicted Singaporean match-fixer .   Perumal is accused on several match fixing scandals , including Asiagate in 2007 -- 2009 and the 2008 -- 2011 Finnish match-fixing scandal . He was first jailed for match-fixing in 1995 in Singapore . In the same year , Perumal traveled to England on behalf of a Singaporean match-fixing boss to fix two FA Cup matches . According to his autobiography , Perumal and an associate attempted to bribe Birmingham 's goalkeeper Ian Bennett and Chelsea 's goalkeeper Dmitri Kharine , failing both times .   In February 2011 Perumal was arrested in Finland and later sentenced to two years in prison . He served a year in Finnish prison and was then turned over to authorities in Hungary .   During his stay in Finnish prison , Perumal spoke to Finnish authorities and revealed a global network match-fixers based in Singapore . Blaming other members of the network for his arrest , he fingered Dan Tan as the boss of his operation .   Perumal may also have connections to the 2013 Europol match-fixing investigation .   Wilson Raj Perumal has published his match fixing memoirs in a book titled `` Kelong Kings '' , written with investigative journalists Alessandro Righi and Emanuele Piano ; the book was released on April 28 , 2014 . In the book , Perumal claims not only to have ferried Nigeria and Honduras to the final rounds of the 2010 South Africa FIFA World Cup by fixing their qualification matches , but also to have rigged competitions in the Atlanta 1996 and Beijing 2008 Olympic games .   Wilson Raj Perumal 's memoir also revealed intricate details about the fixing of a number of 2010 FIFA World Cup warm-up friendly matches involving South Africa , Bulgaria , Colombia , Guatemala , Denmark , Brazil and Tanzania . The revelations were confirmed by a FIFA report , excerpts of which appeared on the New York Times a month after the book 's publication .   Wilson Raj Perumal appeared in his first televised interview on August 26 , 2014 , on CNN . During the interview , he boasted about having fixed up to 100 games , including FIFA World Cup qualification matches .   On February 17 , 2015 , the investigative journalism website Invisible Dog issued a press release stating that the film rights to the book Kelong Kings were optioned by Gianni Nunnari 's Hollywood Gang productions , who are developing a feature film based on the match-fixer 's autobiography .   On February 19 , 2015 , Al Jazeera English aired an investigative report called `` killing the Ball '' , produced by Invisible Dog , in which Wilson Raj Perumal described how he ferried the Nigerian national football team to the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa by rigging their qualification match against Kenya , played on November 14 , 2009 , in Nairobi .

neg: Ola Aina Temitayo Olufisayo Olaoluwa `` Ola '' Aina ( born 8 October 1996 ) is an English-born Nigerian footballer who plays for English club Chelsea and the England U20 as a right back .

neg: 2006 FA Community Shield The 2006 FA Community Shield was a football match played between Liverpool and Chelsea on 13 August 2006 at the Millennium Stadium , Cardiff , the annual FA Community Shield contested between the winners of the Premier League and FA Cup . Chelsea were appearing in the competition for the sixth time , while Liverpool were making their 21st appearance . It was the final Community Shield to be held at the Millennium Stadium following the reconstruction of Wembley Stadium .   Chelsea qualified for the match as a result of winning the 2005 -- 06 Premier League , which was their second successive league championship . Liverpool entered the competition after winning the 2005 -- 06 FA Cup against West Ham United . The match finished 3 -- 3 and was decided by a penalty shootout , which Liverpool won 3 -- 2 .   Watched by a crowd of 56,275 , Liverpool took the lead early in the first half when John Arne Riise scored . Chelsea responded when new signing Andriy Shevchenko scored before the end of the half . Both sides had chances to win the match in the second half , but a Peter Crouch goal late in the half ensured Liverpool won the match 2 -- 1 , to win the Shield for the 15th time .

neg: 2013–14 Everton F.C. season The 2013 -- 14 season was Everton 's 22nd season in the Premier League and 60th consecutive season in the top division of English football . It was also Everton 's 115th season of league football and 117th season in all competitions . It was the first season without David Moyes as manager since 2002 , with Moyes leaving Everton to succeed Alex Ferguson as manager of Manchester United . In addition , the club crest was redesigned ahead of this season for the first time since 2000 . On 5 June 2013 , Roberto Martínez was announced as the new Everton manager , having left his post at relegated FA Cup holders Wigan Athletic . Everton finished in sixth position in the domestic league in the previous season , missing out on qualification for the UEFA Europa League , meaning it failed to qualify for any European competitions for the fourth season running .   Everton 's Premier League campaign began in August 2013 with Martínez changing their style of play to a possession based , attractive brand of football which initially led to three successive draws to start the season . A first victory came in the next match 1 -- 0 against Chelsea and by Christmas Everton had only suffered one defeat , a run which included a win over Moyes ' Manchester United , the first time the club had tasted success at Old Trafford in 21 years . The team almost went an entire year unbeaten at home but lost 1 -- 0 against Sunderland on Boxing Day . Everton 's progress stalled somewhat in the early part of 2014 with three losses in four games against Liverpool , Tottenham Hotspur and Chelsea , before winning seven league games in a row for the first time since 1987 . The spell contained perhaps Everton 's best performance of the season when they defeated Arsenal 3 -- 0 . The streak was ended with a 3 -- 2 home defeat by Crystal Palace , but Everton returned to do the double over Manchester United for the first time since 1969 . Moyes was sacked as their manager a day later . Two defeats in a row after this ended Everton 's Champions League hopes but a finish of 5th in the league table is their highest in five years with Everton qualifying for next season 's Europa League . Martínez utilised the loan market during the season , with Romelu Lukaku ( on loan from Chelsea ) being Everton 's top scorer with 16 goals in all competitions . The emergence of young players such as Ross Barkley , John Stones and summer signing James McCarthy was also a feature of his debut season in charge , with Barkley going on to be selected for England 's World Cup squad . Right back Séamus Coleman was named Everton 's player of the year .   In the cup competitions Everton lost in the sixth round of the FA Cup ( entered at round three ) and the third round of the League Cup ( entered at round two ) .

neg: Oscar (footballer, born 1991) Oscar dos Santos Emboaba Júnior ( -LSB- oˈskaʁ duˈsɐ̃tus ẽˈbwabɐ ˈʒũnioɾ -RSB- ; born 9 September 1991 ) , better known as simply Oscar , is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Chinese club Shanghai SIPG and the Brazil national team .   Oscar began his career at São Paulo , and in 2009 , he went to court against the club due to irregularities in his contract . After a series of controversies , he left for Internacional , where he spent the next three years of his career . His displays for club and country led to him signing for Chelsea for a fee of # 19.35 million . After four-and-a-half years with Chelsea , he signed for Chinese Super League side Shanghai SIPG for Asian transfer record # 60 million in December 2016 .   He is a Brazilian international and has represented his country at the under-20 level , at the 2012 London Olympics and at senior level . On 20 August 2011 , Oscar scored three goals in the 2011 FIFA U-20 World Cup final win against Portugal , becoming the first player to score a hat-trick in the FIFA U-20 World Cup final . Oscar later described his performances at the tournament as being a `` gateway to the senior side . '' His playing style and ability have drawn comparison to compatriot Kaká .

neg: Fikayo Tomori Oluwafikayomi Oluwadamilola `` Fikayo '' Tomori ( born 19 December 1997 ) is a Canadian-born English professional footballer who plays for Chelsea as a defender .

neg: 2010–11 Everton F.C. season The 2010 -- 11 season of Everton F.C. was Everton 's 19th season in the Premier League and 57th consecutive season in the top division of English football . It was also Everton 's 112th season of league football and 114th season in all competitions . The club began their pre-season friendly schedule on 10 July 2010 with a 3-match tour of Australia . Also , for the first time in club history , Everton played against and defeated their namesake , Chilean club Everton de Viña del Mar , 2 -- 0 in a friendly at Goodison Park . The club entered the Football League Cup in the Second Round against Huddersfield Town and were knocked out in the subsequent round in an upset defeat away to Brentford . Everton entered the FA Cup in the Third Round Proper and were eliminated in the Fifth Round by Reading . The club 's Premier League campaign began on 14 August against Blackburn Rovers at Ewood Park and concluded on 22 May against Chelsea at Goodison Park . For the first time since 2006 -- 07 , Everton did not participate in any European competitions .

neg: 1998–99 Chelsea F.C. season The 1998 -- 99 season was Chelsea F.C. 's 94th competitive season , seventh consecutive season in the Premier League and 93rd year as a club .

neg: 2013 FIFA Club World Cup The 2013 FIFA Club World Cup ( officially known as the FIFA Club World Cup Morocco 2013 presented by Toyota for sponsorship reasons ) was the 10th edition of the FIFA Club World Cup , a FIFA-organised international club football tournament between the champion clubs from each of the six continental confederations , as well as the national league champion from the host country . It was hosted by Morocco , and played from 11 to 21 December 2013 .   Bayern Munich won the title for the first time after defeating Raja Casablanca 2 -- 0 in the final .


query: New York's least populous city is New York City.

pos: New York New York is a state in the northeastern United States , and is the 27th-most extensive , fourth-most populous , and seventh-most densely populated U.S. state . New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south and Connecticut , Massachusetts , and Vermont to the east . The state has a maritime border in the Atlantic Ocean with Rhode Island , east of Long Island , as well as an international border with the Canadian provinces of Quebec to the north and Ontario to the northwest . The state of New York , with an estimated 19.8 million residents in 2015 , is also referred to as New York State to distinguish it from New York City , the state 's most populous city and its economic hub .   With an estimated population of 8.55 million in 2015 , New York City is the most populous city in the United States and the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States . The New York Metropolitan Area is one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world . New York City is a global city , exerting a significant impact upon commerce , finance , media , art , fashion , research , technology , education , and entertainment , its fast pace defining the term New York minute . The home of the United Nations Headquarters , New York City is an important center for international diplomacy and has been described as the cultural , financial , and media capital of the world , as well as the world 's most economically powerful city . New York City makes up over 40 % of the population of New York State . Two-thirds of the state 's population lives in the New York City Metropolitan Area , and nearly 40 % lives on Long Island . Both the state and New York City were named for the 17th-century Duke of York , future King James II of England . The next four most populous cities in the state are Buffalo , Rochester , Yonkers , and Syracuse , while the state capital is Albany .   New York has a diverse geography . The southern part of the state consists of Long Island and several smaller associated islands , as well as New York City and the lower Hudson River Valley , most of which lie within the wider Atlantic Coastal Plain . The large region known as Upstate New York consists of several ranges of the wider Appalachian Mountains , including the Allegheny Plateau and Catskills along New York 's Southern Tier , and the Adirondack Mountains , Thousand Islands archipelago , and Saint Lawrence Seaway in the Northeastern lobe of the state . These more mountainous regions are bisected by two major river valleys -- the north-south Hudson River Valley and the east-west Mohawk River Valley , which forms the core of the Erie Canal . Western New York is considered part of the Great Lakes Region and straddles Lake Ontario and Lake Erie . Between the two lakes lies Niagara Falls . The central part of the state is dominated by the Finger Lakes , a popular vacation and tourist destination .   New York had been inhabited by tribes of Algonquian and Iroquoian-speaking Native Americans for several hundred years by the time the earliest Europeans came to New York . The first Europeans to arrive were French colonists and Jesuit missionaries who arrived southward from settlements at Montreal for trade and proselytizing . In 1609 , the region was claimed by Henry Hudson for the Dutch , who built Fort Nassau in 1614 at the confluence of the Hudson and Mohawk rivers , where the present-day capital of Albany later developed . The Dutch soon also settled New Amsterdam and parts of the Hudson Valley , establishing the colony of New Netherland , a multicultural community from its earliest days and a center of trade and immigration . The British annexed the colony from the Dutch in 1664 . The borders of the British colony , the Province of New York , were similar to those of the present-day state .   Many landmarks in New York are well known to both international and domestic visitors , with New York State hosting four of the world 's ten most-visited tourist attractions in 2013 : Times Square , Central Park , Niagara Falls ( shared with Ontario ) , and Grand Central Terminal . New York is home to the Statue of Liberty , a symbol of the United States and its ideals of freedom , democracy , and opportunity . In the 21st century , New York has emerged as a global node of creativity and entrepreneurship , social tolerance , and environmental sustainability . New York 's higher education network comprises approximately 200 colleges and universities , including Columbia University , Cornell University , New York University , and Rockefeller University , which have been ranked among the top 35 in the world .

neg: New Hyde Park, New York New Hyde Park is an area that includes the incorporated Village of New Hyde Park in Nassau County , Long Island , New York , United States , as well as surrounding unincorporated areas . The place name , New Hyde Park , and its postal codes , 11040-11099 , are used to serve all of these areas .   The incorporated Village of New Hyde Park is located in both the Town of Hempstead and the Town of North Hempstead .   The population of the Village of New Hyde Park was 9,712 at the 2010 census . Because of its close proximity and relatively short commute to Manhattan , it is primarily a commuter town with over 75 % of the land used for single family residences , but also has warehouses near the Long Island Rail Road station and retail districts along Jericho Turnpike .

neg: Port Jervis, New York Port Jervis is a city located at the confluence of the Neversink and the Delaware rivers in western Orange County , New York , north of the Delaware Water Gap . Its population was 8,828 at the 2010 census . The communities of Deerpark , Huguenot , Sparrowbush , and Greenville are adjacent to Port Jervis . Matamoras , Pennsylvania is across the river and connected by bridge . The towns of Montague , New Jersey borders here .   It was part of early industrial history , a point for shipping coal to major markets to the southeast by canal and later by railroads . Its residents had long-distance passenger service by railroad until 1970 . The restructuring of railroads resulted in a decline in the city 's business and economy .   In the 21st century , from late spring to early fall , many thousands of travelers and tourists pass through Port Jervis on their way to enjoying rafting , kayaking , canoeing and other activities in the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area and the Upper Delaware Scenic and Recreational River and the surrounding area .   Port Jervis is part of the Poughkeepsie -- Newburgh -- Middletown metropolitan area as well as the larger New York metropolitan area . In August 2008 , Port Jervis was named one of `` Ten Coolest Small Towns '' by Budget Travel magazine .

neg: Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York is a Latin Catholic archdiocese in New York State . It encompasses the boroughs of Manhattan , the Bronx and Staten Island in New York City and the Counties of Dutchess , Orange , Putnam , Rockland , Sullivan , Ulster , and Westchester in New York . The Archdiocese of New York is the second-largest diocese in the United States , encompassing 296 parishes that serve around 2.8 million Catholics in addition to hundreds of Catholic schools , hospitals and charities . The Archdiocese also operates the well-known St. Joseph 's Seminary , commonly referred to as Dunwoodie . The Archdiocese of New York is the metropolitan see of the ecclesiastical province of New York which includes the suffragan dioceses of Albany , Brooklyn , Buffalo , Ogdensburg , Rochester , Rockville Centre and Syracuse .   The Latin name of the archdiocese is Archidioecesis Neo-Eboracensis ( Eboracum being the Roman name of York , England ) , and the corporate name is Archdiocese of New York .   It publishes a bi-weekly newspaper , Catholic New York , the largest of its kind in the United States .

neg: Law enforcement in New York City Law enforcement in New York City is carried out by numerous law enforcement agencies . New York City has the highest concentration of law enforcement agencies in the United States .   As with the rest of the US , agencies operate at federal and state levels . However , New York City 's unique nature means many more operate at lower levels .

neg: New York Civic New York Civic is a New York-based , good governance , nonprofit organization created in 2002 by Henry Stern , former Commissioner of the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation , and Alan M. Moss , former first deputy parks commissioner .   According to the organization 's website , `` New York Civic frames and brings media attention to important issues using the Internet , press events , commentaries , public fora , and public testimonies . We also , on request , advise elected and appointed officials on legislation , budget allocation , and management practices . '' In addition to founding New York Civic , Stern acts as President and head writer of the organization 's public policy column , containing articles that are sent to a mailing list comprising people who have requested them . Since 2002 Stern has written over 700 articles for New York Civic . The organization itself also often appears in major news publications .  New York Civic frequently hosts networking events and panel discussions which promote its good governance message .

neg: United States presidential election in New York, 1980 The 1980 United States presidential election in New York took place on November 4 , 1980 . All 50 states and The District of Columbia , were part of the 1980 United States presidential election . New York voters chose forty one electors to the Electoral College , which voted for President and Vice President .   New York was won by former California Governor Ronald Reagan , in a narrow victory against President of the United States Jimmy Carter , who failed to gain reelection against Reagan . Also in the running was Independent candidate Congressman John B. Anderson of Illinois , who ran in New York as the Liberal Party candidate .   Reagan won the state with a plurality of 46.66 % of the vote to Carter 's 43.99 % , a margin of 2.67 % . Anderson finished in third with 7.54 % .   New York 's election results reflect the Republican Party 's re-consolidation of base under what is popularly called the `` Reagan Revolution , '' which sounded various overwhelming conservative electoral victories across the United States throughout the 1980s - and most evidently against the relatively unpopular President Carter during the 1980 presidential election .   New York weighed in for this election as more Democratic than the national average by about 7 % .   This election is notable in that , while the highly populated regions of New York City , Buffalo , and Albany turned out for Carter , the election in the state was tipped by the majority of less-populated upstate counties , combined with heavily populated suburban counties around NYC , most of which were won by Reagan . Carter actually picked up plurality wins in 2 counties which he had lost in 1976 : Monroe County , home to the city of Rochester , and Niagara County .   A major contributing factor to Reagan 's victory over Carter was the relatively strong third party showing by independent candidate John B. Anderson , a former liberal Republican congressman who garnered 8 % of the vote in the State - twice the 4 % margin by which Carter had won New York in 1976 . Running on the ballot line of New York 's Liberal Party , Anderson attracted the votes of many liberals and moderates who normally leaned Democratic but were dissatisfied with the policies of the Carter Administration , thus splitting the left-leaning vote in New York State .   In the heavily populated , and very liberal , 5 boroughs of New York City , Carter still won overall , and Reagan made only modest gains in vote share over Gerald Ford 's 1976 showing of 33 % , taking 37 % in the city in 1980 . However , although still winning 4 out of 5 boroughs , Carter bled a massive amount of support in the city to Anderson , dropping from 66 % in 1976 to only 55 % in 1980 . Since Democratic victories in New York State in that era depended on running up massive margins in New York City to overcome the rest of the state 's Republican lean , the reduced margin in the city from vote-splitting would prove fatal to Carter 's chances of winning the state in 1980 . While Reagan only bled about 1 % of Republican base support in the state ( winning a plurality in a 3-way-race with 46.66 % while Gerald Ford had lost the state in a two-man race with 47.52 % in 1976 ) , Carter bled nearly 8 % of his 1976 support , falling from a 51.95 % majority win in 1976 to a losing 43.99 % in 1980 , most of those lost Democratic base votes going to Anderson instead .   This remains the last election in which a Republican presidential nominee has won Tompkins County in upstate New York , home to the college town of Ithaca , where Cornell University and Ithaca College are located . Reagan narrowly won the county with a plurality of 42 % to Carter 's 40 % , while Anderson took nearly 14 % , making it Anderson 's strongest county in the state . In 1984 , Tompkins County would vote against Reagan and in the following years it would become the most Democratic county in upstate New York , giving Barack Obama over 70 % of the vote in 2008 .

neg: List of U.S. cities with significant Chinese-American populations Cities considered to have significant Chinese-American populations are large U.S. cities or municipalities with a critical mass of at least 1 % of the total urban population ; medium-sized cities with a critical mass of at least 1 % of their total population ; and small cities with a critical mass of at least 10 % of the total population .   According to the 2012 Census estimates , the three metropolitan areas with the largest Chinese-American populations were the Greater New York Combined Statistical Area at 735,019 people , the San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland Combined Statistical Area at 629,243 people , and the Greater Los Angeles Combined Statistical Area at about 566,968 people . In the post-1965 era , first - and second-generation immigrants include those from Mainland China , Hong Kong Macau , and Taiwan . Also included in the Chinese-American population enumeration are ethnic Chinese from Malaysia and Vietnam who might identify themselves as Chinese , thus skewing the census reporting .   New York City is home to by far the highest Chinese-American population of any city proper , with an estimated 573,388 Chinese-Americans in New York City , significantly higher than the total of the next five cities combined ; multiple large Chinatowns in Manhattan , Brooklyn ( three ) , and Queens ( three ) are thriving as traditionally urban enclaves , as large-scale Chinese immigration continues into New York , with the largest metropolitan Chinese population outside Asia . The Los Angeles County city of Monterey Park has the highest percentage of Chinese-Americans of any municipality , at 43.7 % of its population , or 24,758 people . The San Gabriel Valley region of Los Angeles County in particular has one of the most prominent collections of U.S. suburbs with large foreign-born Chinese-speaking populations , ranging from working-class individuals residing in Rosemead and El Monte to wealthier immigrants living in Arcadia , San Marino , and Diamond Bar . A similar demographic shift has also taken place in the southern half of the San Francisco Bay Area . Conversely , the suburbs of New York City within the state of New Jersey are notable for their widespread and increasing prevalence of Chinese-Americans ( see list below ) , reflecting their general affluence and propensity for professional occupations .

neg: Yorktown, New York Yorktown is a town that lies on the north border in Westchester County , New York , in a suburb approximately 38 mi north of midtown Manhattan . The population was 36,081 at the 2010 census .

neg: Courts of New York Courts of New York include :  State courts of New York   New York Court of Appeals  New York Supreme Court , Appellate Division ( 4 departments )  New York Supreme Court ( 13 judicial districts )  New York County Court ( 57 courts , one for each county outside New York City )  New York Surrogate 's Court  New York Family Court  New York Court of Claims  New York city courts  New York City Criminal Court  New York City Civil Court  New York town and village courts   Federal courts located in New York  United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit ( headquartered in Manhattan , having jurisdiction over the United States District Courts of Connecticut , New York , and Vermont )  United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York  United States District Court for the Northern District of New York  United States District Court for the Southern District of New York  United States District Court for the Western District of New York  United States Court of International Trade ( headquartered in New York City )   Former federal courts of New York  United States District Court for the District of New York ( extinct , subdivided )

neg: Long Island Rail Road The Long Island Rail Road , legally known as the Long Island Rail Road Company and often abbreviated as the LIRR , is a commuter rail system in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of New York , stretching from Manhattan to the eastern tip of Suffolk County on Long Island . With an average weekday ridership of 337,800 passengers in 2014 , it is the busiest commuter railroad in North America . It is also one of the world 's few commuter systems that runs 24 hours a day , 7 days a week , year-round . It is publicly owned by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority , which refers to it as MTA Long Island Rail Road .   The LIRR logo combines the circular MTA logo with the text Long Island Rail Road , and appears on the sides of trains . The LIRR is one of two commuter rail systems owned by the MTA , the other being the Metro-North Railroad . Established in 1834 and having operated continuously since then , it is the second-oldest US railroad still operating under its original name and charter .   There are 124 stations , and more than 700 mi of track , on its two lines to the two forks of the island and eight major branches , with the passenger railroad system totaling 319 mi of route .

neg: Tonawanda (city), New York Tonawanda ( formally City of Tonawanda , from Tahnawá • teh meaning `` confluent stream '' in Tuscarora ) is a city in Erie County , New York , United States . The population was 15,130 at the 2010 census . It is located at the northern edge of Erie County , south across the Erie Canal ( Tonawanda Creek ) from North Tonawanda , and north of Buffalo , New York . It is part of the Buffalo-Niagara Falls metropolitan area .

neg: Transportation in New Jersey Transportation in New Jersey utilizes a combination of road , rail , air , and water modes . New Jersey is situated between Philadelphia and New York City , two major metropolitan centers of the Boston-Washington megalopolis , making it a regional corridor for transportation . As a result , New Jersey 's freeways carry high volumes of interstate traffic and products . The main thoroughfare for long distance travel is the New Jersey Turnpike , the nation 's fifth-busiest toll road . The Garden State Parkway connects the state 's densely populated north to its southern shore region . New Jersey has the 4th smallest area of U.S. states , but its population density of 1,196 persons per sq. mi ( 462 persons per km2 ) causes congestion to be a major issue for motorists .   New Jersey has a statewide mass transit system , centered on transportation to New York City and Philadelphia . New Jersey Transit , the chief operator of intrastate public transportation , manages three separate light rail systems , eleven commuter rail lines , and a statewide bus system . The Port Authority Trans-Hudson ( PATH ) links transportation hubs in Manhattan and northeastern New Jersey , while the PATCO Speedline connects downtown Philadelphia to Camden County , New Jersey . Intercity rail is operated by Amtrak along the Northeast Corridor between the major population centers of the Northeastern United States . In addition , New Jersey is home to Newark Liberty International Airport , the nation 's fifth-busiest international gateway , and the Port Newark-Elizabeth Marine Terminal , the principal container ship facility of the New York metropolitan area .

neg: Jamaica Bay Jamaica Bay is located on the southern side of Long Island , in the U.S. state of New York , near the island 's western end . The bay connects with Lower New York Bay to the west through Rockaway Inlet and is the westernmost of the coastal lagoons on the south shore of Long Island . Politically , it is divided between the boroughs of Brooklyn and Queens in New York City , with a small part touching Nassau County .   The bay contains numerous marshy islands . It was known as Grassy Bay as late as the 1940s . Jamaica Bay is located adjacent to the confluence of the New York Bight and New York Bay , and is at the turning point of the primarily east-west oriented coastline of southern New England and Long Island and the north-south oriented coastline of the mid-Atlantic coast . The name derives from the nearby town of Jamaica , which in turn derives from `` Yameco '' , a corruption of a word in the Lenape language spoken by the Native Americans who lived in the area at the time of first European contact . The `` y '' sound in English is spelled with a `` j '' in Dutch , the first Europeans to write about the area . This resulted in the eventual English pronunciation of `` Jamaica '' when read and repeated orally .

neg: List of places in Nassau County, New York This is a list of places in Nassau County , New York . Nassau County , on Long Island , became a county in the U.S. state of New York in 1899 after separating from Queens County . Included in the list are two cities , three towns , 64 incorporated villages , and 71 unincorporated hamlets whose names are used for overlapping Census-designated places ( CDPs ) . Also included in the list are six CDPs not generally included as hamlets , and one enclave .  The U.S. Postal Service has organized Nassau County into 111 different 5-digit ZIP codes served by 63 different post offices . Each post office has the same name as a city , hamlet or village , but the boundaries are seldom the same .   Sources

neg: Farmers' Market (New York City) There are over 50 farmer 's markets in New York City in all boroughs , which operate under GrowNYC under the `` Greenmarket '' name . GrownNYC 's food hub , `` Greenmarket , '' includes Greenmarket Co. , Youthmarket , Fresh Food Box , and the Wholesale Greenmarket under it 's programming .   Greenmarket farmers market aims to encourage regional agriculture by allowing small family farms to sell their locally grown fruits , vegetables , flowers , dairy and other products , so that people in New York of all incomes and in all parts , have access to the fresh , nutritious , provincial , affordable and sustainable goods .   GrownNYC 's network , Greenmarket Co. has customers that range from Michelin starred restaurants , popular food retailers to family run bodegas , senior centers and soap kitchens ; and their sources are not only from small to mid sized farms in Northeast region of New York State and New York City but also from farms in New Jersey , Pennsylvania and New England , providing New Yorkers with a bountiful and diverse array of fresh foods ☂ .   One well-known farmer 's market in New York is the Union Square Greenmarket which was founded in 1976 , held year-round on Mondays , Wednesdays , Fridays and Saturdays with changing vendors on different days . The number of regional farmers , fishers , and bakers go as high as 140 during the most popular seasons , when the market is visited by food-enthusiast New Yorkers . Union square farmers market offers seasonal , fresh fruits and vegetables , artisanal cheeses , meats , breads , pickles , jams , wines , flowers amongst many others . The market is situated at the city 's one of the most vibrant locations and allows about 60,000 people to shop , taste and tour while meeting with farmers

neg: New York City ethnic enclaves Since its founding in 1625 by Dutch traders as New Amsterdam , New York City has been a major destination for immigrants of many nationalities who have formed ethnic enclaves , neighborhoods dominated by one ethnicity . Freed African American slaves also moved to New York City in the Great Migration and the later Second Great Migration and formed ethnic enclaves . These neighborhoods are set apart from the main city by differences such as food , goods for sale , or even language . Ethnic enclaves provide inhabitants security in work and social opportunities , but limit economic opportunities , do not encourage the development of English speaking , and keep immigrants in their own culture .   , 36 % of the population of New York City are immigrants .  African Americans , Haitian Americans , Jamaican Americans , Indo-Caribbean Americans , and Trinidadian Americans have all formed Caribbean ethnic enclaves in New York . Asian ethnic groups with enclaves in New York include Chinese Americans , Japanese Americans , Filipino Americans , Indian Americans , Indo-Caribbean Americans , Afghan Americans , Burmese Americans , Bangladeshi Americans , Nepalese Americans , Sri Lankan Americans , Bhutanese Americans , Thai Americans , Pakistani Americans , Indonesian Americans , Malaysian Americans , Taiwanese Americans , and Korean Americans . European ethnic groups with ethnic enclaves include Greek Americans , Irish Americans , Italian Americans , Albanian Americans , Jewish Americans , Polish Americans , and Russian Americans . Latin American groups with ethnic enclaves include Dominican Americans , Guyanese , Salvadoran American , Ecuadorian American , Mexican Americans , and Puerto Ricans . Middle Eastern ethnic groups that have formed ethnic enclaves include Palestinian Americans , Jordanian Americans , Egyptian Americans , Syrian Americans and Lebanese Americans . As many as 800 languages are spoken in New York , making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world .

neg: Lower Manhattan Lower Manhattan , also known as Downtown Manhattan , is the southernmost part of Manhattan , the central borough for business , culture , and government in the City of New York , which itself originated at the southern tip of Manhattan Island in 1624 .

neg: List of census-designated places in New York This is a list of census-designated places in New York . As of the 2010 census , New York had 572 census-designated places ( CDPs ) . As of the 2013 American Community Survey , the number of CDPs had risen to 580 . No population figures were available for the newer CDPs as of 2014 .   Three sets of CDPs share the same name but are located in different counties :  Fairview ( Dutchess County ) & Fairview ( Westchester County ) ,  Greenville ( Greene County ) & Greenville ( Westchester County )  Milton ( Saratoga County ) & Milton ( Ulster County )

neg: New York City mayoral elections The Mayor of the City of New York is elected in early November every four years and takes office at the beginning of the following year . The city , which elects the mayor as its chief executive , consists of the five boroughs ( Manhattan , The Bronx , Brooklyn , Queens and Staten Island ) , which consolidated to form `` Greater '' New York on January 1 , 1898 .   The consolidated city 's first mayor , Robert A. Van Wyck , was elected with other municipal officers in November 1897 . Mayoral elections had previously been held since 1834 by the City of Brooklyn and the smaller , unconsolidated City of New York ( Manhattan , later expanded into the Bronx ) .   The current mayor , now in his first term , is Bill de Blasio . He was elected on November 5 , 2013 , to a four-year term that began on January 1 , 2014 .

neg: New York State Capitol The New York State Capitol , the seat of New York State government , is located in Albany , the capital city of the U.S. state of New York . The capitol building is part of the Empire State Plaza complex on State Street in Capitol Park . Housing the New York State Legislature , the building was completed in 1899 at a cost of US$ 25 million ( equivalent to $ million in ) , making it the most expensive government building of its time . It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971 , then included as a contributing property when the Lafayette Park Historic District was listed in 1978 . The New York State Capitol was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1979 .