query: The 2016 Summer Olympics was a multiple sport event.

pos: 2016 Summer Olympics The 2016 Summer Olympics ( Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2016 ) , officially known as the Games of the XXXI Olympiad and commonly known as Rio 2016 , was a major international multi-sport event held in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil , from 5 August to 21 August 2016 .   More than 11,000 athletes from 205 National Olympic Committees , including first time entrants Kosovo , South Sudan , and the Refugee Olympic Team , took part . With 306 sets of medals , the games featured 28 Olympic sports , including rugby sevens and golf , which were added to the Olympic program in 2009 . These sporting events took place at 33 venues in the host city , and at five in São Paulo , Belo Horizonte , Salvador , Brasília , and Manaus .   These were the first Summer Olympic Games under the International Olympic Committee ( IOC ) presidency of Thomas Bach . The host city Rio de Janeiro was announced at the 121st IOC Session in Copenhagen , Denmark , on 2 October 2009 . Rio became the first South American city to host the Summer Olympics . These were the first games to be held in a Portuguese-speaking country , the first to be held entirely in the host country 's winter , the first since 1968 to be held in Latin America , and the first since 2000 to be held in the Southern Hemisphere .   The lead-up to these Games was marked by controversies , including the instability of the country 's federal government ; the countries ' problems with inequality ; health and safety concerns surrounding the Zika virus and significant pollution in the Guanabara Bay ; and a doping scandal involving Russia , which affected the participation of its athletes in the Games .   The United States topped the medal table for the fifth time in the past six Summer Olympics , winning the most golds ( 46 ) and most medals overall ( 121 ) , as well as its 1,000 th Olympic gold medal overall . Great Britain finished second and became the first country in the history of the modern Olympics to increase its tally of medals in the subsequent games after being the host nation . China finished third . Host country Brazil won seven gold medals , its most at any single Summer Olympics , finishing in thirteenth place . Bahrain , Fiji , Jordan , Kosovo , Puerto Rico , Singapore , Tajikistan , Ivory Coast and Vietnam each won their first gold medals , as did the group of Independent Olympic Athletes ( from Kuwait ) .

neg: List of Olympic medalists in art competitions There were 146 medalists in the art competitions that were part of the Olympic Games from 1912 until 1948 . These art competitions were considered an integral part of the movement by International Olympic Committee ( IOC ) founder Pierre de Coubertin and necessary to recapture the complete essence of the Ancient Olympic Games . Their absence before the 1912 Summer Olympics , according to journalism professor Richard Stanton , stems from Coubertin `` not wanting to fragment the focus of his new and fragile movement '' . Art competitions were originally planned for inclusion in the 1908 Summer Olympics but were delayed after that edition 's change in venue from Rome to London following the 1906 eruption of Mount Vesuvius . By the 1924 Summer Olympics they had grown to be considered internationally relevant and potentially `` a milestone in advancing public awareness of art as a whole '' .   During their first three appearances , the art competitions were grouped into five broad categories : architecture , literature , music , painting , and sculpture . The Dutch Organizing Committee for the 1928 Summer Olympics split these into subcategories in the hopes of increasing participation . Although it was a successful strategy , the 1932 Summer Olympics eliminated several of these subcategories , which led to fewer entries in the broader categories . For the 1936 Summer Olympics , the German government proposed the addition of a film contest to the program , which was rejected .   Following a final appearance at the 1948 Summer Olympics , art competitions were removed from the Olympic program . Planners of the 1952 Summer Olympics opposed their inclusion on logistical grounds , claiming that the lack of an international association for the event meant that the entire onus of facilitation was placed on the local organizing committee . Concerns were also raised about the professionalism of the event , since only amateurs were allowed to participate in the sporting tournaments , and the growing commercialization of the competitions , as artists had been permitted to sell their submissions during the course of the Games since 1928 . In 1952 an art festival and exhibition was held concurrent with the Games , a tradition that has been maintained in all subsequent Summer Olympics .   The IOC does not track medalists in Olympic art competitions in its database and thus the prize winners are only officially recorded in the original Olympic reports . Judges were not required to distribute first , second , and third place awards for every category , and thus certain events lack medalists in these placements . Since participants were allowed multiple submissions , it was also possible for artists to win more than one in a single event , as Alex Diggelmann of Switzerland did in the graphic arts category of the 1948 edition . Diggelmann is tied with Denmark 's Josef Petersen , who won second prize three times in literature , for the amount of medals captured in the art competitions . Luxembourg 's Jean Jacoby is the only individual to win two gold medals , doing so in painting in 1924 and 1928 . Of the 146 medalists , 11 were women and only Finnish author Aale Tynni was awarded gold . Germany was the most successful nation , with eight gold , seven silver , and nine bronze medals , although one was won by Coubertin himself , a Frenchman . He submitted his poem Ode to Sport under the pseudonyms Georges Hohrod and Martin Eschbach , as if it were a joint-entry , and won first prize in the 1912 literature category . The original report credits this medal to Germany . Two individuals , Walter W. Winans and Alfréd Hajós , won medals in both athletic and art competitions .

neg: Peru at the 2016 Summer Olympics Peru competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil , from 5 to 21 August 2016 . Since the nation 's official debut in 1936 , Peruvian athletes have appeared in every edition of the Summer Olympic Games throughout the modern era . Peru failed to register any athletes at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki .   Peruvian Olympic Committee ( Comité Olímpico Peruano ) sent the nation 's largest delegation to the Games without any association to the women 's volleyball team for the first time in history . A total of 29 athletes , 17 men and 12 women , were selected to the Peruvian squad across eleven sports . Among the sporting events represented by the nation 's athletes , Peru marked its Olympic debut in artistic gymnastics and women 's freestyle wrestling , as well as its return to equestrian for more than three decades .   Trap shooter and 1984 silver medalist Francisco Boza etched his name into the historic records as the first ever Peruvian to compete in eight Olympic Games . The oldest and the most experienced participant ( aged 52 ) , Boza reprised his role to lead the Peruvian team for the second time as the nation 's flag bearer at the opening ceremony , the first doing so in Athens 2004 . Apart from Boza , seven other athletes were returning Olympians , with only two headed to their third Games , including marathoner Inés Melchor and Laser Radial sailor Paloma Schmidt . 21 Peruvian athletes made their Olympic debut in Rio de Janeiro ; the most notable were middle-distance runner and dual American citizen David Torrence and gymnast Ariana Orrego , the youngest of the roster ( aged 18 ) .   Peru , however , failed to win a single medal in Rio de Janeiro , continuing a drought that began at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona , where shooter Juan Giha took the bronze in the mixed skeet . Peru 's most successful outcome at these Games occurred in taekwondo , where Julissa Diez bounced back from her early elimination to finish seventh in the women 's 49 kg , losing the repechage bout to Thailand 's Panipak Wongpattanakit .

neg: Ukraine at the 2016 Summer Olympics Ukraine competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil , from 5 to 21 August 2016 . This was the nation 's sixth consecutive appearance at the Summer Olympics in the post-Soviet era .

neg: Combined track and field events Combined events are competitions in which athletes participate in a number of track and field events , earning points for their performance in each event , which adds to a total points score . Outdoors , the most common combined events are the men 's decathlon and the women 's heptathlon . Due to stadium limitations , indoor combined events competition have a reduced number of events , resulting in the men 's heptathlon and the women 's pentathlon . Athletes are allocated points based on an international-standard points scoring system , such as the decathlon scoring table . Other longer combined events do exist , such as the icosathlon ( double decathlon ) for men and the tetradecathlon for women . Indoors , both men and women compete in the tetradecathlon , with slightly different events to the women 's outdoor version .

neg: List of canoeists at the 2016 Summer Olympics This is a list of all canoeists who competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil . Canoeists will compete in 16 canoeing events .

neg: 2016 Summer Olympics ticket scandal On 5 August , the day of the 2016 Summer Olympics opening ceremony , police in Rio de Janeiro arrested two people for attempted illegal resale of hundreds of tickets allocated to the Olympic Council of Ireland ( OCI ) . The scandal precipitated the dramatic arrest of OCI president Pat Hickey , while in a hotel room assigned to his son . Hickey immediately resigned , as well as relinquishing his membership of the International Olympic Committee , his role as president of the European Olympic Committees and his role as vice-president of the Association of National Olympic Committees . He remains locked up in a maximum security Rio de Janeiro prison .   Others implicated in the scandal include Football Association of Ireland ( FAI ) chief executive John Delaney , who is also OCI vice-president and a prominent figure in Irish sport , as well as Team Ireland Chef de Mission Kevin Kilty and Hickey 's replacement as OCI president , Willie O'Brien .

neg: Gymnastics at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's artistic team all-around The Men 's artistic team all-around competition at the 2016 Summer Olympics was held on 8 August 2016 at the HSBC Arena .   The medals were presented by Tsunekazu Takeda , Ivo Ferriani , Luis Alberto Moreno IOC members Japan , Italy and Columbia respectively and Bruno Grandi , President of the FIG , Michel Léglise , Vice President of the FIG and Jani Tanskanen , President of the Athletes ' Commission for the FIG .

neg: Switzerland at the 2012 Summer Olympics Switzerland competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London , from 27 July to 12 August 2012 . Swiss athletes competed at every Summer Olympic Games in the modern era , except when they boycotted the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne as a protest to the Soviet invasion of Hungary . The Swiss Olympic Association sent a total of 103 athletes to the Games , 72 men and 31 women , to compete in 18 sports .   Switzerland left London with a total of four Olympic medals ( two gold and two silver ) , their lowest in Summer Olympic history since 1992 . This was in stark contrast with the zero medal tally of the neighbouring Austria , a nation of roughly comparable size . Most of these medals were awarded to the athletes in cycling , tennis , equestrian , and triathlon .   Among the nation 's medalists were mountain biker Nino Schurter , who collected a total of two Olympic medals after winning the silver in men 's cross-country race . Equestrian rider Steve Guerdat won Switzerland 's first ever gold medal in the individual show jumping after 84 years . Meanwhile , Nicola Spirig became the second Swiss athlete to claim an Olympic title in women 's triathlon since its official debut as a full-medal sport in 2000 . World number-one male tennis player Roger Federer won the coveted silver medal in the men 's singles , after he was defeated by Great Britain 's Andy Murray . Several Swiss athletes missed out of the medal standings . Defending Olympic champion Fabian Cancellara finished seventh in the men 's individual time trial , following his collarbone injury from the road race .

neg: Great Britain at the 2016 Summer Olympics The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland competed as Great Britain at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil , from 5 to 21 August 2016 . The United Kingdom was represented by the British Olympic Association ( BOA ) , and the team of selected athletes was also known as Team GB . British athletes have appeared in every Summer Olympic Games of the modern era , alongside Australia , France , Greece , and Switzerland , though Great Britain is the only country to have won at least one gold medal at all of them . Although the British Olympic Association is the National Olympic Committee ( NOC ) for Great Britain and Northern Ireland , Northern Irish athletes can choose whether to compete for Great Britain or for the Republic of Ireland , as they are entitled to citizenship of either nation under the Good Friday Agreement . In 2016 Northern Ireland born representatives in Team GB included returning rowers Alan Campbell , Peter Chambers and Richard Chambers , archer Patrick Huston and four members of the men 's field hockey team : David Ames , Mark Gleghorne , Iain Lewers and Ian Sloan . The team also represents , and included representation from , the Crown dependencies , among which were Guernsey 's Heather Watson and Carl Hester , and from the ten of the thirteen British Overseas Territories represented by the BOA rather than their own NOC , whose representatives include Turks and Caicos sprinter Delano Williams and Anguillan long jumper Shara Proctor .   These Games were the most successful for Great Britain since 1908 , winning a total of 67 medals , which exceeded its London 2012 tally of 65 medals , therefore becoming the first nation to surpass its medal total at the Olympics immediately following one that it hosted . Great Britain also became one of only two nations ( the other being Azerbaijan ) ever to increase the number of medals achieved in five consecutive Games .   In cycling male cyclist Jason Kenny become only the second British athlete since 1908 to win three gold medals at the same Olympic Games to join Sir Chris Hoy as the most successful all time British Olympians with six gold medals and a silver , while gold for Sir Bradley Wiggins confirmed him as the most decorated British Olympian , with eight medals ( five gold ) over five Games .   Kenny also became the sixth British Olympian to win an Olympic gold in the same event ( men 's team sprint ) at three successive Games , joining three pre-war water polo players Paul Radmilovic ( 1908-1920 , interrrupted by the cancelled Games of 1916 ) , George Wilkinson and Charles Sydney Smith ( both 1904-1912 ) , rower Steve Redgrave ( in men 's coxless pair from 1988 to 1996 ) ) and sailor Ben Ainslie ( in the Finn class between 2004-2012 ) . Kenny was immediately followed onto this list by a seventh ` three-peat ' , fellow cyclist Ed Clancy , who sealed his third consecutive team pursuit gold medal . Indeed , Clancey and Kenny , along with American road cyclist Kristin Armstrong ( in women 's time trial ) became the first three cyclists to ever achieve the feat .   Cyclist Laura Trott also won two gold medals to become Britain 's most successful all time female Olympian with a total of four golds , dressage rider Charlotte Dujardin having briefly taken that title with three golds and a silver from previous incumbent cyclist Victoria Pendleton . Katherine Grainger 's fifth consecutive medal , a silver , made her Britain 's most decorated female Olympian , and made her one of only five British Olympians ( with Sir Steve Redgrave , Sir Ben Ainslie , Sir Bradley Wiggins and Jack Beresford ) to win medals in five Games running .   Gymnast Max Whitlock won Britain 's first ever gold medals in gymnastics , in men 's floor and pommel horse , while Great Britain 's seven gymnastics medals , a record for the team , included first ever medals in men 's individual all-around ( also for Whitlock ) , men 's horizontal bar for Nile Wilson , women 's floor , for the youngest member of the team , 16 year old Amy Tinkler and trampoline for Bryony Page , while pommel silver medalist Louis Smith became the first British gymnast to medal across three Games .   In rowing , Britain took gold in both the men 's coxless four and the men 's eights for the first time since 2000 , as well as a first ever medal for the women 's eight , a silver . Pete Reed and Andrew Triggs Hodge in the eight won their third successive gold medals , having won double gold in the four in 2008 and 2012 .   Alistair Brownlee became the first triathlete to successfully defend an Olympic title and his younger brother Jonny Brownlee upgraded his London bronze to a silver in the men 's triathlon , one of three events with the men 's pommel and men 's individual sprint where Great Britain finished first and second . No British woman having ever defended an individual Olympic title , Trott , Dujardin , taekwondo-ka Jade Jones and boxer Nicola Adams became the first four British female Olympians ever to successfully defend individual Olympic titles , with Trott becoming the first British female , and fourth Briton with Mo Farah , Chris Hoy and Jason Kenny to successfully defend two Olympic titles at the same Games .   In athletics in both the men 's 5,000 and 10,000 metres Mo Farah successfully defended his Olympic titles to become Britain 's most successful ever Olympic track and field athlete with four golds between 2012 and 2016 , while Christine Ohorougu , despite failing to reach the 400 metres final , became the second British track and field athlete , after Steve Backley , to win medals in three successive Games anchoring the Great Britain team to bronze in the 4 × 400 metres relay .   In swimming Adam Peaty won gold in the 100 metres breaststroke , the first British male swimmer to win gold since 1988 and also won silver in the 4 × 100 metres medley relay . James Guy , Duncan Scott and Jazz Carlin each won two silvers , the men in the medley relay and the 4 × 200 metres freestyle relay , Carlin in the ` distance double ' of 400 metre and 800 metre freestyles behind Katie Ledecky . The six medals was the nation 's largest in-pool haul , and was supported by seven separate 4th-place finishes in the pool . The pair of Jack Laugher and Chris Mears became Britain 's first Olympic diving champions in the 3 metre synchronised springboard event , while Tom Daley became the first British diver to medal in multiple Games , despite missing out on the 10 metre platform final , with bronze in the 10 metre synchronised platform event .   Great Britain won their fifth consecutive gold medals in both the men 's coxless four and from Giles Scott in the Finn sailing class , while Nick Dempsey became the most decorated windsurfer in Olympic history with his third medal , a silver .   In the first Olympic men 's golf tournament for 100 years , Justin Rose won gold on the final hole after a close contest with Ryder cup teammate , Henrik Stenson of Sweden .   There was also success for Great Britain in team sports where in the first week of competition Great Britain captained by Tom Mitchell won silver in the inaugural men 's rugby sevens tournament after losing to Fiji 43-7 in the gold medal match and in the second week Great Britain captained by Kate Richardson-Walsh went unbeaten and won the country 's first gold medal in a team sport at a Summer Olympics since 1988 when they won gold after beating the Netherlands in the gold medal match 2-0 on penalties after the match finished 3-3 at full time in the women 's field hockey .   In all , Great Britain , while finishing second in gold medals to the United States , and third in overall medals after the United States and China , won gold medals across more different sports than any other nation at the Games . Great Britain also topped the medal tables in cycling , sailing , triathlon , golf and rowing , and won first ever golds in golf , diving and gymnastics .

neg: Golf at the 2016 Summer Olympics Golf at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil , was held in August at the new Olympic Golf Course ( Campo Olímpico de Golfe ) , built within the Reserva de Marapendi in the Barra da Tijuca zone .   The 2016 Summer Olympics was the first time for golf to be played at the Olympics since the 1904 Summer Olympics and featured two events , the men 's and women 's individual events .

neg: 1996 Summer Olympics The 1996 Summer Olympics , known officially as the Games of the XXVI Olympiad and unofficially as the Centennial Olympic Games , was a major international multi-sport event that took place in Atlanta , Georgia , United States , from July 19 to August 4 , 1996 . A record 197 nations , all current IOC member nations , took part in the Games , comprising 10,318 athletes . The International Olympic Committee voted in 1986 to separate the Summer and Winter Games , which had been held in the same year since 1924 , and place them in alternating even-numbered years , beginning in 1994 . The 1996 Summer Games were the first to be staged in a different year from the Winter Games . Atlanta became the fifth American city to host the Olympic Games and the third to hold a Summer Olympic Games .

neg: El Salvador at the 2016 Summer Olympics El Salvador competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil , from 5 to 21 August 2016 . This was the nation 's eleventh appearance at the Summer Olympics , although it first competed in 1968 .   El Salvador Olympic Committee ( Comité Olímpico de El Salvador ) confirmed a team of eight athletes , five men and three women , to compete in six sports at the Games . This was also the youngest delegation in El Salvador 's Summer Olympic history , with more than half under the age of 25 , and many of them were expected to reach their peak in time for the 2020 Olympics in Tokyo .   Majority of El Salvador 's athletes made their Olympic debut in Rio de Janeiro , with weightlifter Julio Salamanca being the only sportsman to return for his second appearance from London 2012 . Other notable Salvadoran athletes featured Enrique Arathoon , the nation 's first ever sailor for nearly half a century , and Marcelo Acosta , bronze medalist in long-distance freestyle swimming at the Youth Olympics in Nanjing two years earlier . Air pistol shooter Lilian Castro , the oldest member of the squad ( aged 29 ) , acted as El Salvador 's flag bearer in the opening ceremony .   El Salvador , however , has yet to win its first Olympic medal .

neg: South Africa at the 2016 Summer Olympics South Africa competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro , from 5 to 21 August 2016 . This was the nation 's seventh consecutive appearance at the Games in the post-apartheid era , and nineteenth overall in Summer Olympic history . The South African Sports Confederation and Olympic Committee ( SASCOC ) sent the nation 's largest ever delegation to the Olympics , with a total of 138 athletes , 93 men and 45 women , competing across 15 sports .   South Africa left Rio de Janeiro with a total of 10 medals ( 2 gold , 6 silver , and 2 bronze ) , marking the nation 's most successful Olympics since its readmission in 1992 . Moreover , it attained the potential medal target set by SASCOC for the Games . Four of these medals were awarded to the track and field athletes , including two golds won respectively by runners Caster Semenya and Wayde van Niekerk , who broke the 16-year-old world record in the men 's 400 metres . South Africa also proved particularly successful in team sports , as the rugby sevens squad , popularly known by locals as Blitzboks , scored a historic bronze over Japan in the men 's tournament .   Among the medalists were Luvo Manyonga , who overcame drug addiction to achieve a runner-up finish in the men 's long jump , cancer survivor Lawrence Brittain , who picked up a silver alongside his veteran partner Shaun Keeling in the men 's rowing pair , and Henri Schoeman , who surprised the field by securing South Africa 's first ever triathlon medal with a bronze in the men 's race . Swimmers Cameron van der Burgh and Chad le Clos contributed three of the country 's silver medals in the pool , with le Clos emerging as South Africa 's most decorated Olympian of all-time at four medals ( one gold and three silver ) over two Games . Meanwhile , Sunette Viljoen rebounded from a disappointed 2012 feat to ascend the Olympic podium at her fourth Games , earning a silver in the women 's javelin throw .

neg: World championship A world championship is generally an international sports competition open to elite competitors from across the world , representing their nations , and winning such an event will be considered the highest or near highest achievement in the sport or contest .   The title is usually awarded through a combination of specific contests or , less commonly , ranking systems ( e.g. the ICC Test Championship ) , or a combination of the two ( e.g. World Triathlon Championships in Triathlon ) . This determines a ` world champion ' , who or which is commonly considered the best nation , team , individual ( or other entity ) in the world in a particular field , although the vagaries of sport ensure that the competitor recognised at the best in an event is not always the ` world champion ' ( see Underdog ) .   Certain sports do not have a world championship . Instead , they may organise a world cup competition , or they may organize both , for example cycling ( UCI World Championships and UCI World Cups ) ) . Often , the use of the term cup or championship in this sense is just a choice of words . Some sports have multiple champions because of multiple organizations , such as boxing , mixed martial arts and wrestling .   Certain sports do not have a world championship or a world cup as such , but may have one or several world champions . Professional boxing , for example , has several world champions at different weights , but each one of them is decided by a `` title fight '' , not a tournament .   A certain number of sports hold world championships or world cups which are overshadowed , in terms of prestige , by the same events in the Olympic Games , the most prestigious multi-sports event .   Still other sports may or may not have a true world championship but may designate the winners of a domestic competition to be `` world champions . '' This is especially true of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada ; world cups and championships exist in all of the major sports , but the domestic U.S. and Canadian leagues are generally recognized as the world professional championships or the equivalent of a world club championship . ( In American football , although an IFAF World Championship exists , the United States is so far above and beyond the other nations it faces that the winner of the U.S.-based Super Bowl , a competition limited to the 32 teams in the National Football League , is commonly recognized as the world champion . )   Finally , certain professional sports do not have a world championship or world cup , but rather hold a series of events recognised as the elite level in their field ( e.g. tennis has a series of four Grand Slam events recognised as the pinnacle of the game , in addition to key team events , world tour finals and the Olympic Games , but no world championship or world cup ) .

neg: Brazil at the Olympics Brazil first participated at the Olympic Games in 1920 , after missing the previous five Summer editions . The country has sent athletes to compete in every Summer Olympic Games since then , except for the 1928 Games . As of 2016 , Brazilian athletes have won a total of 129 medals in 15 different Summer sports . Brazil has also participated in the Winter Olympic Games since 1992 , though to this date no Brazilian athlete has won an Olympic medal in winter sports . The country 's best result at the Winter Olympics was a ninth place finish achieved by snowboarder Isabel Clark Ribeiro at the 2010 Winter Olympic Games . Since Brazil is mostly a tropical nation , the country 's most important results so far have been achieved at the Summer editions .   Volleyball ( indoor and beach volley ) , sailing and judo are Brazil 's top medal-producing sports in the Summer editions . Brazil has hosted the Summer Olympic Games once , in 2016 . This edition marked the country 's most successful participation at the Summer Olympics to date , earning seven gold medals and nineteen medals overall . Brazil 's previous best result had been five gold medals earned at the 2004 edition , in Athens , and seventeen medals overall , earned at the 2012 edition , in London . One athlete from Brazil has been awarded the Pierre de Coubertin medal : Vanderlei de Lima , a long-distance runner who was attacked by a spectator during the men 's marathon at the 2004 edition in Athens , Greece , when he was leading the race . Lima lost two places , winning the bronze medal . In spite of the situation , he still celebrated the third-place , showing good sportsmanship .   The National Olympic Committee for Brazil is the Brazilian Olympic Committee . The entity was created in 1914 and recognized in 1935 . Rio de Janeiro in Brazil was the host city to the 2016 Summer Olympics . This marked the first time that any country in South America has hosted the games . This also marks the first time that a lusophone country hosted any edition of the Olympic Games . Rio was only the second city in Latin America to host the Summer Olympics , after Mexico City in 1968 , and Brazil was only the second country of the southern hemisphere to host the Olympics , after Australia in 1956 and 2000 . Brazil has never hosted a winter edition of the Olympic Games .

neg: List of Olympic Games host cities This is a list of host cities of the Olympic Games , both summer and winter , since the modern Olympics began in 1896 . Since then , summer games have usually but not always celebrated a four-year period known as an Olympiad . There have been 29 Summer Olympic Games held in 23 cities , and 22 Winter Olympic Games held in 19 cities . In addition , three summer and two winter editions of the Games were scheduled to take place but later cancelled due to war : Berlin ( summer ) in 1916 ; Helsinki ( summer ) and Garmisch-Partenkirchen ( winter ) in 1940 ; and London ( summer ) and Cortina d'Ampezzo , Italy ( winter ) in 1944 . The 1906 Summer Olympics were officially sanctioned and held in Athens . In 1949 , the International Olympic Committee ( IOC ) , decided to unrecognize the 1906 Games . Three cities have been chosen by the IOC to host upcoming Olympic Games : Pyeongchang for the 2018 Winter Olympics , Tokyo for the 2020 Summer Olympics , and Beijing for the 2022 Winter Olympics .   In 2022 , Beijing will become the only city that has held both the summer and winter Olympic Games . Seven cities have hosted the Olympic Games more than once : Athens ( 1896 and 2004 Summer Olympics ) , Paris ( 1900 and 1924 Summer Olympics ) , London ( 1908 , 1948 and 2012 Summer Olympics ) , St. Moritz ( 1928 and 1948 Winter Olympics ) , Lake Placid ( 1932 and 1980 Winter Olympics ) , Los Angeles ( 1932 and 1984 Summer Olympics ) , and Innsbruck ( 1964 and 1976 Winter Olympics ) . Tokyo will join this list upon hosting the 2020 Summer Olympics , having previously hosted the summer games of 1964 and also Beijing upon hosting the 2022 Winter Olympics , having previously hosted the summer games of 2008 . In addition , Stockholm hosted the 1912 Summer Olympics and the equestrian portion of the 1956 Summer Olympics . London became the first city to have hosted three Games with the 2012 Summer Olympics .  The United States has hosted a total of eight Olympic Games , more than any other country , followed by France with five editions . Canada , Germany , Italy , Japan , and the United Kingdom have each hosted three Games .   The Games have primarily been hosted in the continents of Europe ( 36 editions ) and North America ( 12 editions ) ; eight Games have been hosted in Asia and two have been hosted in Oceania . In 2016 , Rio de Janeiro became South America 's first Olympic host city , while the African continent is yet to host the Olympic Games . Other major geographic regions which have not hosted the Olympics include the Middle East , the Indian subcontinent , the Caribbean , and Southeast Asia .   Host cities are selected by the IOC membership , usually seven years in advance . The selection process lasts approximately two years . In the first stage , any city in the world may submit an application to become a host city . After 10 months , the Executive Board of the IOC decides which applicant city will become official candidates as based on the recommendation of a working groups that reviews the applications . In a second stage , the candidate cities are investigated thoroughly by an Evaluation Commission , which then submits a final short list of cities to be considered for selection . The host city is then chosen by vote of the IOC session , a general meeting of IOC members .

neg: Tennis at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Qualification Qualification for tennis at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil is determined not by any form of qualifying tournament , but by the rankings maintained by the Association of Tennis Professionals ( ATP ) and the Women 's Tennis Association ( WTA ) .

neg: Olympic Training Center (Rio de Janeiro) The Olympic Training Center ( Centro Olímpico de Treinamento , COT ) is a sports training facility in Barra da Tijuca , Brazil that opened after the 2016 Summer Olympics and 2016 Summer Paralympics . The centre uses six venues used in the 2016 games in addition to a number of new facilities created in the Barra Olympic Park footprint . The centre became a campus of training facilities for Olympic and Paralympic athletes at the site of the former Nelson Piquet International Autodrome - Jacarepaguá as a legacy of the 2016 Summer Olympics and 2016 Summer Paralympics .

neg: Seychelles at the 2016 Summer Olympics Seychelles competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil , from 5 to 21 August 2016 . This was the nation 's eighth appearance at the Summer Olympics , with the exception of the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul because of its partial support to the North Korean boycott .   The Seychelles Olympic and Commonwealth Games Association ( SOCGA ) sent the nation 's largest delegation to the Games since 1992 . A total of ten athletes , eight men and two women , were selected to the Seychellois squad across six sports ( athletics , boxing , judo , sailing , swimming , and weightlifting ) .   Finn yachtsman Allan Julie etching his name into the history records as the oldest participant ( aged 39 ) of the Seychellois squad and the first ever to compete in five Olympic Games . Apart from Julie , three other athletes were returning Olympians ; all of them headed to their second Games , including high jumper Lissa Labiche , lightweight boxer Andrique Allisop , and half-heavyweight judoka Dominic Dugasse ( men 's 100 kg ) . Six Seychellois athletes made their Olympic debut in Rio de Janeiro , spearheaded by Laser sailor Rodney Govinden , who also acted as the nation 's flag bearer in the opening ceremony . The Seychelles , however , has yet to win its first ever Olympic medal .

neg: Chronological summary of the 2008 Summer Olympics This page contains a chronological summary of major events from the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing , China .


query: The Who is a group.

pos: The Who The Who are an English rock band that formed in 1964 . Their classic line-up consisted of lead singer Roger Daltrey , guitarist and singer Pete Townshend , bass guitarist John Entwistle , and drummer Keith Moon . They are considered one of the most influential rock bands of the 20th century , selling over 100 million records worldwide and holding a reputation for their live shows and studio work .   The Who developed from an earlier group , the Detours , and established themselves as part of the pop art and mod movements , featuring auto-destructive art by destroying guitars and drums on stage . Their first single as the Who , `` I Ca n't Explain '' , reached the UK top ten , followed by a string of singles including `` My Generation '' , `` Substitute '' and `` Happy Jack '' . In 1967 , they performed at the Monterey Pop Festival and released the US top ten single `` I Can See for Miles '' , while touring extensively . The group 's fourth album , 1969 's rock opera Tommy , included the single `` Pinball Wizard '' and was a critical and commercial success . Live appearances at Woodstock and the Isle of Wight Festival , along with the live album Live at Leeds , cemented their reputation as a respected rock act . With their success came increased pressure on lead songwriter and visionary Townshend , and the follow-up to Tommy , Lifehouse , was abandoned . Songs from the project made up 1971 's Who 's Next , which included the hit `` Wo n't Get Fooled Again '' . The group released the album Quadrophenia in 1973 as a celebration of their mod roots , and oversaw the film adaptation of Tommy in 1975 . They continued to tour to large audiences before semi-retiring from live performances at the end of 1976 . The release of Who Are You in 1978 was overshadowed by the death of Moon shortly after .   Kenney Jones replaced Moon and the group resumed activity , releasing a film adaptation of Quadrophenia and the retrospective documentary The Kids Are Alright . After Townshend became weary of touring , the group split in 1982 . The Who occasionally re-formed for live appearances such as Live Aid in 1985 , a 25th anniversary tour in 1989 and a tour of Quadrophenia in 1996 -- 1997 . They resumed regular touring in 1999 , with drummer Zak Starkey . After Entwistle 's death in 2002 , plans for a new album were delayed . Townshend and Daltrey continued as the Who , releasing Endless Wire in 2006 , and continued to play live regularly .   The Who 's major contributions to rock music include the development of the Marshall stack , large PA systems , use of the synthesizer , Entwistle and Moon 's lead playing styles , Townshend 's feedback and power chord guitar technique , and the development of the rock opera . They are cited as an influence by hard rock , punk rock and mod bands , and their songs still receive regular exposure .

neg: Group entity In individualist anarchist discourse , a group entity is usually distinguished from an individual hominid , or animal groups from a single living being of any sexual species . All group-entities are assumed to have certain characteristics in common , most of them sociopathic or destructive to the interests of individuals .   Some support exists for this political view in modern human sciences . Mainstream psychological and sociological research identifies characteristics of human groups including groupthink , peer pressure and mass hysteria that support this view , but fall short of identifying all group-entities as malignant . Political science identifies phenomena such as mob rule , mass hysteria and moral panic but of course also studies positive cooperation such as social capital and political virtues but also more debatable phenomena such as the political party . See below for references to fields and authorities supporting this view .   Users of the term group entity effectively signal a critical view of group actions and skepticism of positive claims for human group achievements , usually preferring to attribute group success to underlying individual leadership and relationships .

neg: Puritans The Puritans were a group of English Reformed Protestants in the 16th and 17th centuries who sought to `` purify '' the Church of England from its `` Catholic '' practices , maintaining that the Church of England was only partially reformed .

neg: Insider movement In Christian missiology , an insider movement is a group or network of people from a non-Christian religion who consider themselves followers of Jesus while remaining relationally , culturally and socially a part of the religious community of their birth . Though members of insider movements do not typically join Christian churches in their area or region , they may see themselves as part of the wider Body of Christ . It has been observed that as members of these groups follow Jesus and the Bible , they personally reject , reinterpret , or modify the non-biblical beliefs found in their religious communities . This process makes them different in some ways from their co-religionists , yet when groups can faithfully follow Jesus without formally disassociating themselves from their religious communities , insider movements can occur . Such movements have been observed among a number of religious groups , most notably among Jews , Muslims and Hindus .   Over the past 15 years there has been considerable debate among students of missiology as to whether there can truly be faithful followers of Jesus who remain vitally within their former religious culture . Many observers of insider movements have concluded in the affirmative based largely upon their personal relationships with these followers of Jesus . Critics of insider movements are extremely skeptical that persons or groups can effectively reject or modify non-Biblical beliefs and practices within their cultural/religious communities due to the strong social and spiritual pressure of those communities . Therefore , critics believe that any attempt to stay within a non-Christian religious community will lead to a blending of religious beliefs that is syncretistic , untenable , or heretical . ( See essentialist view of world religions below ) .

neg: Work Group The Work Group ( stylized as The WORK Group ) was an American record label .

neg: Bill Curbishley William George `` Bill '' Curbishley ( born 13 March 1942 , London ) is an English music and film producer and band manager , best known for his work with English rock groups The Who and Judas Priest , as well as artists Jimmy Page and Robert Plant .

neg: Who, whom? Who , whom ? ( кто кого ? , Kto kovo ? ) is a Bolshevist principle or slogan which was formulated by Lenin in 1921 .   Lenin is supposed to have stated at the second All-Russian Congress of Political Education Departments , on 17 October 1921 ,  Весь вопрос -- кто кого опередит ?  `` The whole question is -- who will overtake whom ? ''   Leon Trotsky used the shortened `` who whom '' formulation in his 1925 article , `` Towards Capitalism or Towards Socialism ? ''   The shortened form was invoked by Joseph Stalin in 1929 , in a speech to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union , which also gave the formula its `` aura of hard-line coercion '' ( while Lenin 's phrase indicated a willingness to embrace economic competition )  `` The fact is , we live according to Lenin 's formula : Kto-Kovo ? : will we knock them , the capitalists , flat and give them ( as Lenin expresses it ) the final , decisive battle , or will they knock us flat ? '' .   It came to be used as a formula describing the inevitability of class struggle , i.e. who ( which of two antagonists ) will dominate the other .  In this view , all compromises and promises between enemies are just expedients -- tactical manoeuvres in the struggle for mastery .

neg: Behind Blue Eyes `` Behind Blue Eyes '' is a song by the English rock band The Who . It was released in October 1971 as the second single from their fifth album Who 's Next and was originally written by Pete Townshend for his Lifehouse project . The song is one of The Who 's best-known recordings and has been covered by many artists .

neg: History of UNIT UNIT ( UNified Intelligence Taskforce , formerly United Nations Intelligence Taskforce ) is a fictional military organisation from the British science fiction television series Doctor Who . Operating under the auspices of the United Nations , its purpose is to investigate and combat paranormal and extraterrestrial threats to the Earth .   As is common in long-running series whose back-stories are not mapped out in advance , and which are also the product of many different writers over the course of years , the fictional history of UNIT has seen retroactive changes which have caused some continuity problems .

neg: Scientology status by country Scientology status by country describes the status of Scientology and its recognition as a religion or otherwise in different countries . The Church of Scientology pursues an extensive public relations campaign for state recognition of Scientology as a religion and cites numerous scholarly sources supporting its position . The level of recognition Scientology has been able to obtain varies significantly from country to country .   The Church of Scientology has been recognized as a religious denomination in its home country , the United States , and has received full recognition in various other countries such as Italy , South Africa , Australia , Sweden , New Zealand , Portugal and Spain ; it thus enjoys and regularly cites the constitutional protection afforded in these nations to religious practice . Some countries , mostly in Europe , have regarded Scientology as a potentially dangerous cult , or at least have not considered local branches of the Church of Scientology to meet the legal criteria for being considered religion-supporting organizations , seeing Scientology as a business .   The 2014 ruling in London , which had five judges in the UK Supreme Court unanimously rule that a Scientology chapel is a `` place of meeting for religious worship , '' solidified the church 's status as a religion in the region . While some theologians critically approach Scientology 's status as a religion , social scientists as a whole agree that it `` satisfies the abstract criteria for recognition as a religion . ''

neg: WHOG WHOG could refer to :   WHOG ( AM ) , a radio station ( 1120 AM ) licensed to Hobson City , Alabama , United States  WHOG-FM , a radio station ( 95.7 FM ) licensed to Ormond-By-The-Sea , Florida , United States

neg: Group (periodic table) In chemistry , a group ( also known as a family ) is a column of elements in the periodic table of the chemical elements . There are 18 numbered groups in the periodic table , but the f-block columns ( between groups 2 and 3 ) are not numbered . The elements in a group have similar physical or chemical characteristics of the outermost electron shells of their atoms ( i.e. , the same core charge ) , as most chemical properties are dominated by the orbital location of the outermost electron .  There are three systems of group numbering . The modern numbering group 1 to group 18 is recommended by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry ( IUPAC ) . It replaces two older naming schemes that were mutually confusing . Also , groups may be identified by their topmost element or have a specific name . For example , group 16 is variously described as oxygen group and chalcogen .

neg: Voluntary association A voluntary group or union ( also sometimes called a voluntary organization , common-interest association , association , or society ) is a group of individuals who enter into an agreement , usually as volunteers , to form a body ( or organization ) to accomplish a purpose . Common examples include trade associations , trade unions , learned societies , professional associations , and environmental groups .   Membership is not necessarily voluntary : in order for particular associations to function correctly they might need to be mandatory or at least strongly encouraged , as is common with many teachers unions in the US . Because of this , some people use the term common-interest association to describe groups which form out of a common interest , although this term is not widely used or understood .   Voluntary associations may be incorporated or unincorporated ; for example , in the US , unions gained additional powers by incorporating . In the UK , the terms Voluntary Association or Voluntary Organisation cover every type of group from a small local Residents ' Association to large Associations ( often Registered Charities ) with multimillion-pound turnover that run large-scale business operations ( often providing some kind of public service as subcontractors to government departments or local authorities ) .

neg: Who You Are (Pearl Jam song) `` Who You Are '' is a song by American rock band Pearl Jam . Featuring lyrics written by vocalist Eddie Vedder and music co-written by drummer Jack Irons and guitarist Stone Gossard , `` Who You Are '' was released on July 30 , 1996 as the first single from the band 's fourth studio album , No Code ( 1996 ) . The song topped the Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart . It peaked at number 31 on the Billboard Hot 100 .   The song was included on Pearl Jam 's 2004 greatest hits album , Rearviewmirror ( Greatest Hits 1991 -- 2003 ) . On Pearl Jam 's greatest hits album , `` Who You Are '' has a slight lyric change . Instead of `` circumstance , clapping hands '' , it 's `` avalanche , falling fast '' .

neg: Phases (The Who album) Phases is a box set compiling the first eight studio albums by The Who , as well as the Live at Leeds album , in LP form . This box set was released in the United Kingdom and West Germany .

neg: Getting in Tune `` Getting in Tune '' is a song written by Pete Townshend and originally released by the Who on their 1971 album Who 's Next . It was originally written as part of Townshend 's abandoned Lifehouse project . Its lyrics describe the power of music , as well as reflect the inner contradictions Townshend was feeling at the time between his spiritual needs and his persona as a rock star . The music incorporates a number of changes in tempo and has been praised by critics for its use of dynamics .

neg: The Singles (The Who album) The Singles is a compilation of singles by The Who that was released in November 1984 . It was released worldwide except for North America .   The version of `` I Can See for Miles '' contained herein is not the classic single version , but a BBC live recording with a loud , overdubbed bass track . The 2011 Japanese Reissue included the classic single version .

neg: British intelligence agencies The Government of the United Kingdom maintains intelligence agencies within several different government departments . The agencies are responsible for collecting and producing foreign and domestic intelligence , providing military intelligence , performing espionage and counter-espionage . Their intelligence assessments contribute to the conduct of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom , maintaining the national security of the United Kingdom , military planning and law enforcement in the United Kingdom . The three main agencies are the Secret Intelligence Service ( MI6 ) , the Security Service ( MI5 ) , and the Government Communications Headquarters .   The history of the organisations goes back to the 19th century . The decryption of the Zimmermann Telegram in 1917 was described as the most significant intelligence triumph for Britain during World War I , and one of the earliest occasions on which a piece of signals intelligence influenced world events . During the Second World War and afterwards , many observers regarded Ultra as immensely valuable to the Allies of World War II . In the post-war period , intelligence cooperation between the United Kingdom and the United States became the cornerstone of Western intelligence gathering and the `` Special Relationship '' between the UK and the USA .

neg: Doctor Who Doctor Who is a British science-fiction television programme produced by the BBC since 1963 . The programme depicts the adventures of a Time Lord called `` The Doctor '' , an extraterrestrial being from the planet Gallifrey . He explores the universe in a time-travelling space ship called the TARDIS . Its exterior appears as a blue British police box , which was a common sight in Britain in 1963 when the series first aired . Accompanied by a number of companions , the Doctor combats a variety of foes , while working to save civilisations and help people in need .   The show is a significant part of British popular culture , and elsewhere it has gained a cult following . It has influenced generations of British television professionals , many of whom grew up watching the series . The programme originally ran from 1963 to 1989 . There was an unsuccessful attempt to revive regular production in 1996 with a backdoor pilot , in the form of a television film titled Doctor Who . The programme was relaunched in 2005 , and since then has been produced in-house by BBC Wales in Cardiff . Doctor Who has also spawned numerous spin-offs , including comic books , films , novels , audio dramas , and the television series Torchwood ( 2006 -- 2011 ) , The Sarah Jane Adventures ( 2007 -- 2011 ) , K-9 ( 2009 -- 2010 ) , and Class '' ( 2016-present ) , and has been the subject of many parodies and references in popular culture .   Twelve actors have headlined the series as the Doctor . The transition from one actor to another is written into the plot of the show with the concept of regeneration into a new incarnation -- an idea introduced in 1966 to allow the show to continue after the departure of original lead William Hartnell who was becoming very ill at the time . The concept is that this is a Time Lord trait through which the character of the Doctor takes on a new body and personality to recover from a severe injury or anything that would otherwise kill a normal person . Each actor 's portrayal differs , but all represent stages in the life of the same character and form a single narrative . The time-travelling feature of the plot means that different incarnations of the Doctor occasionally meet . The current lead , Peter Capaldi , took on the role after Matt Smith 's exit in the 2013 Christmas special `` The Time of the Doctor '' . In 2017 , Capaldi confirmed he would be leaving at the end of the tenth series , with his final appearance being the 2017 Christmas Special .

neg: Who Knows Who `` Who Knows Who '' is a collaboration song by English alternative rock band Muse and English hip hop artist Mike Skinner . Not originally intended for official release , an early version of the song leaked onto several Muse internet forums in August 2008 . The song was officially released as the B-side to the 7 '' vinyl edition of the single `` Uprising '' on 7 September 2009 . The lyrics were written by Skinner and the music was written by Muse 's Matthew Bellamy .

neg: The Who Tour 2004 The Who embarked upon a series of live shows in 2004 , including the band 's first ever performances in Japan and their first in Australia since 1968 .


query: Chris Pratt was involved with Jurassic World

pos: Chris Pratt Christopher Michael Pratt ( born June 21 , 1979 ) is an American actor . Pratt came to prominence with his television roles , including Bright Abbott in The WB drama series Everwood and Andy Dwyer in the NBC sitcom Parks and Recreation . His early film career began with supporting roles in such mainstream films as Wanted , Jennifer 's Body , Moneyball , The Five-Year Engagement , Zero Dark Thirty , Delivery Man and Her .   Pratt achieved leading man status after starring in two commercially successful films in 2014 : computer-animated adventure comedy The Lego Movie and Marvel Studios superhero film Guardians of the Galaxy ( in which he portrayed Star-Lord ) . In 2015 , he starred in Jurassic World , the fourth installment in the Jurassic Park franchise and his most financially successful film to date , earning $ 1.6 billion at the box office . Later that year , Time named Pratt one of the 100 most influential people in the world on the annual Time 100 list .   Pratt continued his leading man status with The Magnificent Seven and Passengers . He reprised his role as Star-Lord in Guardians of the Galaxy Vol . 2 , and will play the character again in Avengers : Infinity War and an untitled fourth Avengers film .

neg: Renga Media Renga Media ( originally Renga Studios ) is a British multimedia and animation company located in Brighton . It was established in 1995 , and is run by creator Tony Luke alongside producers Simon Moorhead and Doug Bradley . Partners include Alan Grant , Yasushi Nirasawa and Jim Brathwaite , chairman of S.E.E.D.A. .

neg: Chris Coppola Christopher `` Chris '' Coppola is an American actor , voice artist , and comedian . He is best known for such movies as Friday the 13th , Far Cry , Postal , Loveless in Los Angeles , The Polar Express , and Beowulf . He also voiced Dancer in Santa Buddies and appeared in the episode `` Tailgate '' on the sitcom How I Met Your Mother .

neg: Chris Plummer (film editor) Chris Plummer ( from Newton Auckland ) is a New Zealand film editor . He has worked on a number of films , including the shorts Sure to Rise and Possum , and feature films Channelling Baby , In My Father 's Den , Black Sheep , No. 2 , Vincent Ward 's documentary Rain of the Children , and Taika Waititi 's Boy .

neg: Houston Film Critics Society Awards 2010 The 4th Houston Film Critics Society Awards were presented on December 18 , 2010 . These awards for `` extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Houston Film Critics Society ( HFCS ) based in Houston , Texas . The organization , founded in 2007 , includes 22 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications in the greater Houston area . The awards are co-sponsored by the Houston Film Commission , Southwest Alternate Media Project , Women in Film and Television/Houston , WorldFest , and the Houston Cinema Arts Society .   The nominations for the 2010 awards were announced on December 12 , 2010 . Eligible films do not need to have played or opened in a Houston film theater prior to the nomination deadline , merely made available to the HFCS membership at a screening or on DVD . Along with the 13 `` best of '' category awards , this year also saw the introduction of a new category for `` Worst Movies of the Year '' . The Social Network , True Grit , and 127 Hours each received six nominations , all including the Best Picture , Actor , Direction , and Original Score categories .   The Social Network was the HFCS 's most awarded film of 2010 taking top honors in the Best Picture , Best Director ( David Fincher ) , Best Actor ( Jesse Eisenberg ) , and Best Screenplay ( Aaron Sorkin ) categories . Inception was the only other film to garner multiple awards , winning both the Best Original Score ( Hans Zimmer ) and Best Cinematography ( Wally Pfister ) prizes . The other acting awards went to Natalie Portman as Best Actress for Black Swan , Hailee Steinfeld as Best Supporting Actress for True Grit , and Christian Bale as Best Supporting Actor for The Fighter . The remaining film honors went to Toy Story 3 as Best Animated Film , Restrepo as Best Documentary , and The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo as Best Foreign Language Film . `` We Are Sex Bob-Omb '' by Beck from Scott Pilgrim vs. the World was named the Best Original Song . The HFCS 's first-ever award for `` Worst Picture '' was given to Jonah Hex starring Josh Brolin .   In addition to the category awards , the HFCS presented their annual Lifetime Achievement Award to Sissy Spacek and its Humanitarian Award to George Clooney . Clooney was selected for `` selflessly using his celebrity for greater good '' . The HFCS award for Outstanding Achievement in Cinema awards were presented to Charles Dove , director of the Rice University Media Center , and Hector Luna , the founder and editor of C-47 Houston .

neg: Christopher Plummer Arthur Christopher Orme Plummer ( born December 13 , 1929 ) is a Canadian theatre , film and television actor . After making his film debut in Stage Struck ( 1958 ) , Plummer went on to a successful film career , now spanning more than five decades . Some of his most notable film performances include : The Sound of Music ( 1965 ) , Battle of Britain ( 1969 ) , Waterloo ( 1970 ) , The Return of the Pink Panther ( 1975 ) , Murder by Decree ( 1979 ) , Dragnet ( 1987 ) , Star Trek VI : The Undiscovered Country ( 1991 ) , A Beautiful Mind ( 2001 ) , Nicholas Nickleby ( 2002 ) , National Treasure ( 2004 ) , The New World ( 2005 ) , Inside Man ( 2006 ) , Up ( 2009 ) , The Imaginarium of Doctor Parnassus ( 2009 ) , and The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo ( 2011 ) .   In a career which includes substantial roles in each of the dramatic arts , Plummer is best known to film audiences as the aristocratic widower , Captain Georg von Trapp , in the musical film The Sound of Music ( 1965 ) , alongside Julie Andrews . Plummer has ventured into various television projects , including the miniseries The Thorn Birds ( 1983 ) . Plummer has notably portrayed several historical figures , including Arthur Wellesley , First Duke of Wellington in Waterloo ( 1970 ) , Rudyard Kipling in The Man Who Would Be King ( 1975 ) , Mike Wallace in The Insider ( 1999 ) , and Leo Tolstoy in The Last Station ( 2009 ) .   Plummer has won numerous awards and accolades for his work , including an Academy Award , two Emmy Awards , two Tony Awards , a Golden Globe Award , a SAG Award , and a BAFTA Award . With his win at age 82 in 2012 for Beginners , Plummer is the oldest actor ever to win an Academy Award .

neg: Tomorrowland (film) Tomorrowland ( subtitled A World Beyond in some regions ) is a 2015 American science-fiction mystery adventure film directed and co-written by Brad Bird . Bird co-wrote the film 's screenplay with Damon Lindelof , from an original story treatment by Bird , Lindelof and Jeff Jensen . The film stars George Clooney , Hugh Laurie , Britt Robertson , Raffey Cassidy , Tim McGraw , Kathryn Hahn and Keegan-Michael Key . In the film , a disillusioned genius inventor and a teenage science enthusiast embark to an ambiguous alternate dimension known as `` Tomorrowland '' where their actions directly affect the world and themselves .   Walt Disney Pictures originally announced the film in June 2011 under the working title 1952 , and later retitled it to Tomorrowland , after the futuristic themed land found at Disney theme parks . In drafting their story , Bird and Lindelof took inspiration from the progressive cultural movements of the Space Age , as well as Walt Disney 's optimistic philosophy of the future , notably his conceptual vision for the planned community known as EPCOT . Principal photography began in August 2013 , with footage shot in British Columbia , Alberta , Florida , and Spain with second unit filming in France , California and the Bahamas .   Tomorrowland was released in conventional and IMAX formats on May 22 , 2015 , and was the first theatrical film to be released in Dolby Vision and Dolby Cinema . Upon its release , the film received mixed reviews from critics ; earning praise for its original premise , musical score , action , visuals , and themes , but criticism in regards to the screenplay 's uneven writing and tone . The film grossed $ 209 million worldwide against a total production and marketing cost of $ 330 million , losing Disney $ 120 -- 140 million .

neg: Steven Spielberg's Director's Chair Steven Spielberg 's Director 's Chair is a simulation game created and published by Knowledge Adventure for Windows and Macintosh . It was released in 1996 in the United States of America .   In the game , the player is guided by film director Steven Spielberg ( appearing as himself ) through the comprehensive process of moviemaking , including scriptwriting , filming , and editing , using pre-generated film clips featuring Jennifer Aniston , Quentin Tarantino , Katherine Helmond , and Penn & Teller , among others . The game features advice from Hollywood professionals such as editor Michael Kahn , special effects supervisor Michael Lantieri , and cinematographer Dean Cundey . The game was produced by Roger Holzberg , who directed Spielberg in scenes in which Spielberg himself appeared .

neg: Michelan Sisti Michelan Sisti ( born May 27 , 1949 ) is a Puerto Rican-American actor , director , puppeteer , and musician who played Michelangelo in Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles and its sequel Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles II : The Secret of the Ooze . Beforehand , he had an eighteen-year theatrical career including five Broadway shows . Since TMNT , Micha moved from New York City to Los Angeles and has continued to work with The Jim Henson Company , Walt Disney Studios , and scores of other movie and television productions .

neg: Chris Phillips (voice actor) Chris Phillips ( born February 26 , 1958 ) is an American voice actor , songwriter , singer , and producer . He is known for his roles in Rockstar games such as Marty Chonks and El Burro in Grand Theft Auto III and his role as Alex Balder , Mercenary and Killer Suit in Max Payne . He is also well known for his roles in Atari games Such as Nolaloth , Thunderbelly , Lorne Starling , Koraboros and Prison Leader in Neverwinter Nights 2 and Crowley in Alone in the Dark .

neg: Groundhog Day (film) Groundhog Day is a 1993 American fantasy-comedy film directed by Harold Ramis , starring Bill Murray , Andie MacDowell , and Chris Elliott . It was written by Ramis and Danny Rubin , based on a story by Rubin . Murray plays Phil Connors , an arrogant Pittsburgh TV weatherman who , during an assignment covering the annual Groundhog Day event in Punxsutawney , Pennsylvania , finds himself caught in a time loop , repeating the same day again and again . After indulging in hedonism and committing suicide numerous times , he begins to re-examine his life and priorities .   On its release , Groundhog Day was a modest success and garnered generally positive reviews . It gained stronger appreciation among critics and film historians over time , and is now often listed among the best comedy films ever . It further entered into the public consciousness , where the term `` Groundhog Day '' can represent a situation that seems to repeat over and over in government and military arenas , as well as influencing other entertainment . In 2006 , the film was added to the United States National Film Registry as being deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' . A stage musical version of the film premiered in 2016 .

neg: Wallace & Gromit: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit Wallace & Gromit : The Curse of the Were-Rabbit is a 2005 British stop-motion animated comedy action film produced by Aardman Animations in partnership with DreamWorks Animation . United International Pictures distributed the film in the United Kingdom , and it was the last DreamWorks animated film to be distributed by DreamWorks Pictures in the United States . It was directed by Nick Park and Steve Box as the second feature-length film by Aardman after Chicken Run ( 2000 ) .   The Curse of the Were-Rabbit is based on the Wallace and Gromit short film series , created by Park . The film follows eccentric inventor Wallace ( voiced by Peter Sallis ) and his mute and intelligent dog , Gromit , as they come to the rescue of the residents of a village which is being plagued by a mutant rabbit before an annual vegetable competition .   The film introduces a number of new characters , and features a voice cast including Helena Bonham Carter and Ralph Fiennes . It was a critical and commercial success , and won a number of film awards including the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature , making it the second film from DreamWorks Animation to win ( after Shrek ) , as well as both the second non American animated film and second non computer animated film to have received this achievement ( after Spirited Away ) . It is also the only stop motion film to win the award .

neg: Chris Cornell Chris Cornell ( born Christopher John Boyle ; July 20 , 1964 -- May 18 , 2017 ) was an American musician , singer , and songwriter . He was best known as lead vocalist for the bands Soundgarden and Audioslave . He was a two-time Grammy winner ( out of 14 nominations ) and was also known for his numerous solo works , soundtrack contributions since 1991 and as founder and frontman for Temple of the Dog , the one-off tribute band dedicated to his friend , the late Andrew Wood .   Cornell , who is considered one of the architects of the 1990s grunge movement , is well known for his extensive catalog as a songwriter , for his nearly four-octave vocal range , and for his powerful vocal belting technique . He released four solo studio albums , Euphoria Morning ( 1999 ) , Carry On ( 2007 ) , Scream ( 2009 ) , Higher Truth ( 2015 ) , and the live album Songbook ( 2011 ) . Cornell received a Golden Globe Award nomination for his song `` The Keeper '' which appeared in the film Machine Gun Preacher and co-wrote and performed the theme song to the James Bond film Casino Royale ( 2006 ) , `` You Know My Name '' . The last solo release by Chris was the charity single `` The Promise '' , written for the ending credits for the film of the same name . He was voted `` Rock 's Greatest Singer '' by readers of Guitar World , ranked 4th in the list of `` Heavy Metal 's All-Time Top 100 Vocalists '' by Hit Parader , 9th in the list of `` Best Lead Singers of All Time '' by Rolling Stone , and 12th in MTV 's `` 22 Greatest Voices in Music '' .   According to Nielsen Music , across his entire catalog ( Soundgarden , Audioslave and solo career ) , Cornell sold 14.8 million albums , 8.8 million digital songs , 300 million on-demand audio streams in the U.S. and sold over 30 million records worldwide as of 2017 .   Cornell was found dead from suicide in his Detroit hotel room early on the morning of May 18 , 2017 , following a Soundgarden concert the night before . He suffered from depression and had substance abuse problems earlier in life .

neg: Ice Age: Dawn of the Dinosaurs Ice Age : Dawn of the Dinosaurs is a 2009 American computer animated comedy adventure film produced by Blue Sky Studios . It is the third installment in the Ice Age series and the sequel to Ice Age : The Meltdown ( 2006 ) . It was directed by Carlos Saldanha and co-directed by Mike Thurmeier . Ray Romano , John Leguizamo , Denis Leary and Queen Latifah reprise their roles from the first two films , with Simon Pegg joining them in the role of a weasel named Buck . The story has Sid being taken by a female Tyrannosaurus after stealing her eggs , leading the rest of the herd to rescue him in a tropical lost world inhabited by dinosaurs beneath the ice .   The film was released on July 1 , 2009 by 20th Century Fox . It was the first Ice Age film and the first 20th Century Fox 's film to be released in 3D . Despite receiving mixed reviews from critics , it ranked at the time as the second-highest-grossing animated film of all time , earning $ 886.7 million worldwide . A sequel , titled Ice Age : Continental Drift , was released in 2012 , and another film , titled Ice Age : Collision Course , was released in 2016 .

neg: Michael Crichton John Michael Crichton ( -LSB- ˈkraɪtən -RSB- October 23 , 1942 -- November 4 , 2008 ) was an American best-selling author , screenwriter , film director and producer best known for his work in the science fiction , medical fiction and thriller genres . His books have sold over 200 million copies worldwide , and many have been adapted into films . In 1994 , Crichton became the only creative artist ever to have works simultaneously charting at No. 1 in U.S. television ( ER ) , film ( Jurassic Park ) , and book sales ( Disclosure ) .   His literary works are usually within the action genre and heavily feature technology . His novels epitomize the techno-thriller genre of literature , often exploring technology and failures of human interaction with it , especially resulting in catastrophes with biotechnology . Many of his future history novels have medical or scientific underpinnings , reflecting his medical training and science background . He wrote , among other works , The Andromeda Strain ( 1969 ) , Congo ( 1980 ) , Sphere ( 1987 ) , Travels ( 1988 ) , Jurassic Park ( 1990 ) , Rising Sun ( 1992 ) , Disclosure ( 1994 ) , The Lost World ( 1995 ) , Airframe ( 1996 ) , Timeline ( 1999 ) , Prey ( 2002 ) , State of Fear ( 2004 ) , Next ( 2006 ; the final book published before his death ) , Pirate Latitudes ( 2009 ) , an unfinished techno-thriller , Micro , which was published in November 2011 , and Dragon Teeth , a historical novel set during the `` Bone Wars '' , published worldwide in May 2017 .

neg: Chris Carter (actor) Chris Carter is a Canadian actor and screenwriter .

neg: Hagop Sandaldjian Hagop Sandaldjian ( 1931 -- 1990 ) was an Egyptian-born Armenian American musician and microminiature sculptor , best known for his tiny art pieces displayed at the Museum of Jurassic Technology in Los Angeles , California . Sandaldjian 's creations included a carving of Mount Ararat on a grain of rice ; a crucifix in which a minute golden figure of Jesus hangs upon a cross made from a bisected strand of Sandaldjian 's own hair ; and recreations of Disney figures ( Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs or Mickey Mouse , for example ) or historical figures ( such as Napoleon or Pope John Paul II ) presented in the eye or on the tip of a needle .   Sandaldjian was born in Alexandria , Egypt , and went to the Soviet Union to study music in Yerevan , Armenia and in Moscow . After graduating from the Ippolitov-Ivanov Music College in 1955 , he became a violinist , and taught music at a conservatory in Yerevan . In the early 1970s he learned about the art of microminiature from one of his students , Eduard Ghazaryan . Sandaldjian emigrated to the United States in 1980 , but was required to leave behind his first collection of 18 miniature works . Over the next decade , he produced another 33 miniatures .   Working extremely slowly under a microscope , Sandaldjian employed self-made tools such as sharpened needles tipped with ruby or diamond dust , compiling his sculptures out of minuscule materials such as dust , lint , and hair . Even among the few practitioners of microminiature art , Sandaldjian was unusual in that he painted his work , using a single sharpened strand of hair as a brush . Sandaldjian would time his motions to come between his heartbeats , thus maximizing his control of his fingers . Those who saw Sandaldjian at work said that they could not tell when his hands moved .   As recounted in Lawrence Weschler 's book Mr. Wilson 's Cabinet of Wonder , Museum of Jurassic Technology founder David Hildebrand Wilson learned about Sandaldjian from a museum visitor , and began visiting him at his home in Montebello , California . Wilson , who described the artist as `` a very calm man '' , eventually decided to give Sandaldjian a show at the museum , but when he called Sandaldjian to tell him , Wilson learned that the artist had died only 10 days earlier . Weschler also relates that his initial doubts about the veracity of the museum 's Sandaldjian exhibit were allayed when he located Sandaldjian 's son in Montebello , who confirmed details about how his father worked , and also told Wechsler about the tradition of microminiature art in Armenia .

neg: The Lost World: Jurassic Park (film score) Like its predecessor , The Lost World : Jurassic Park was scored by famed composer John Williams ( a longtime collaborator with director Steven Spielberg ) , orchestrated by Conrad Pope and John Neufeld , and recorded in Los Angeles . Notably , Williams did not write a stereotypical sequel score , but instead developed a wildly different style for the different location , cast , and darker tone of the second Jurassic Park film .   The original soundtrack album -- released by MCA Records on April 30 , 1997 -- features over seventy minutes of the film 's music , including some material that was unused in the film 's final cut ( e.g. `` The Hunt '' ) . The single disc is packaged in a paper case that opens to reveal dioramas of jungle scenery and dinosaurs from the film . A John Williams collection edition , joint with the soundtrack to the first movie , was released by La-La Land Records on November 29 , 2016 , remastered and featuring additional unreleased music .

neg: Philip Anthony-Rodriguez Philip Anthony-Rodriguez ( born March 10 , 1968 ) is an American actor and voice actor known for his roles on Jake 2.0 as Kyle Duarte and the voice of disc jockey Maurice Chavez in the 2002 video game Grand Theft Auto : Vice City .   In November 1990 , Philip originated the role of Ritchie Valens in the musical Buddy : The Buddy Holly Story . He provided the voice of the male version of protagonist SPARTAN-B312 in the 2010 video game Halo : Reach . He is the voice of Jetstream Sam in Metal Gear Rising : Revengeance . He also played Dr. Evans in Madea 's Big Happy Family . He recurred for six seasons as Ruben Enriquez in the ABC Family television series The Secret Life of the American Teenager . He played Nelson in film The Ode and had a guest role on the Disney Channel show Hannah Montana in 2009 and played Michael Grant in Castle in 2010 . In 2011 , he guest-starred on the Disney Channel show Shake It Up ( season 1 , episode 18 : `` Model It Up '' ) as designer Napoleon Fontaine and in 2013 on Modern Family in the episode `` The Big Game '' , and in 2014 as Mr. Eloquence on Real Husbands of Hollywood . Anthony-Rodriguez voices the role of Nick Mendoza in the video game Battlefield Hardline . In 2015 , he was announced as the voice of the Imperial Inquisitor , the Fifth Brother on the Disney XD animated series Star Wars Rebels .

neg: The Lost World: Jurassic Park (console game) The Lost World : Jurassic Park is an action-adventure video game developed by DreamWorks Interactive and Appaloosa Interactive , and published by Electronic Arts and Sega for the Sony PlayStation and Sega Saturn , respectively , in 1997 . The Lost World : Jurassic Park is based on the film of the same name , which in turn is based on the novel by Michael Crichton . In 1998 a special edition of the game was released for the Sony PlayStation as a Greatest Hits title and featured several modifications to the gameplay .


query: James and the Giant Peach includes an actor.

pos: Susan Sarandon Susan Abigail Sarandon ( -LSB- səˈrændən -RSB- née Tomalin ; born October 4 , 1946 ) is an American actress and activist . She is an Academy Award and BAFTA Award winner who is also known for her social and political activism for a variety of causes . She was appointed a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador in 1999 and received the Action Against Hunger Humanitarian Award in 2006 .   Sarandon began her career in the 1970 film Joe , before appearing in the soap opera A World Apart ( 1970 -- 71 ) . In 1975 , she starred in the cult classic film The Rocky Horror Picture Show . She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for Atlantic City ( 1980 ) , Thelma & Louise ( 1991 ) , Lorenzo 's Oil ( 1992 ) , and The Client ( 1994 ) , before winning for Dead Man Walking ( 1995 ) . She has also won the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role for The Client , and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Best Actress for Dead Man Walking . Her other films include : Pretty Baby ( 1978 ) , The Hunger ( 1983 ) , The Witches of Eastwick ( 1987 ) , Bull Durham ( 1988 ) , White Palace ( 1990 ) , Little Women ( 1994 ) , Stepmom ( 1998 ) , Enchanted ( 2007 ) , The Lovely Bones ( 2009 ) , Tammy ( 2014 ) , and The Meddler ( 2015 ) .   She made her Broadway debut in An Evening with Richard Nixon in 1972 and went on to receive Drama Desk Award nominations for the Off-Broadway plays , A Coupla White Chicks Sitting Around Talking ( 1979 ) and Extremities ( 1982 ) . She returned to Broadway in the 2009 revival of Exit the King .   On television , she is a five-time Emmy Award nominee , including for her guest roles on the sitcoms Friends ( 2001 ) and Malcolm in the Middle ( 2002 ) , and the TV films Bernard and Doris ( 2007 ) and You Do n't Know Jack ( 2010 ) . In 2017 , Sarandon portrayed Bette Davis in the first season of FX 's anthology series Feud .

pos: James and the Giant Peach (film) James and the Giant Peach is a 1996 British-American musical fantasy film directed by Henry Selick , based on the 1961 novel of the same name by Roald Dahl . It was produced by Tim Burton and Denise Di Novi , directed by Henry Selick , and starred Paul Terry as James . The film is a combination of live action and stop-motion animation . Co-stars Joanna Lumley and Miriam Margolyes played James 's aunts in the live-action segments , and Simon Callow , Richard Dreyfuss , Susan Sarandon , Jane Leeves , David Thewlis , and Margoyles voiced his insect friends in the animation sequences .

neg: John Amos John A. Amos , Jr. ( born December 27 , 1939 ) is an American actor who is best known for his role as James Evans , Sr. on the CBS television series Good Times ( 1974 -- 76 ) . Amos ' other television work includes roles in The Mary Tyler Moore Show , the miniseries Roots , for which he received an Emmy nomination , and a recurring role as Admiral Percy Fitzwallace on The West Wing . Amos also played the father of Will Smith 's character 's girlfriend , Lisa Wilkes , in The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air , and he had a recurring role on In the House with LL Cool J , as Coach Sam Wilson . Amos played the Father of Tommy Strawn ( Thomas Mikal Ford ) on the long running sitcom , Martin , as Sgt. Strawn , and another recurring role on Two and a Half Men as Chelsea 's dad 's new lover . Amos also played Major Grant , the US Special forces officer in Die Hard 2 . Amos has also appeared on Broadway and in numerous films in a career that spans four decades . He has received nominations for a Primetime Emmy Award and NAACP Image Award .

neg: James Cosmo James Cosmo ( born 24 May 1948 ) is a Scottish actor known for his appearances in films including Highlander , Braveheart , Trainspotting , Troy , and The Chronicles of Narnia : The Lion , the Witch and the Wardrobe , as well as television series such as Game of Thrones and Sons of Anarchy . On 3 January 2017 Cosmo entered the nineteenth series of Celebrity Big Brother , on Day 19 of the series he won a pass to the final on 3 February 2017 and finished in fourth place .

neg: Manikuttan Thomas James , better known by his stage name Manikuttan , is an Indian film and television actor .

neg: James Remar William James Remar ( born December 31 , 1953 ) , is an American actor and voice actor . He played Richard , the on-off tycoon boyfriend of Kim Cattrall 's character in Sex and the City , Ajax in The Warriors ( 1979 ) , homicidal maniac Albert Ganz in the thriller 48 Hrs . ( 1982 ) , gangster Dutch Schultz in The Cotton Club ( 1984 ) , Lord Raiden in Mortal Kombat : Annihilation ( 1997 ) , Giuseppe Salvatore in The CW TV series The Vampire Diaries , Jack Duff in Miracle on 34th Street ( 1994 ) , and Harry Morgan in the Showtime TV series Dexter . Since 2009 , he has done voiceover work in ads for Lexus luxury cars .

neg: C. Thomas Howell Christopher Thomas Howell ( born December 7 , 1966 ) , known as C. Thomas Howell , is an American actor and director . He starred in the films The Outsiders , as Ponyboy Curtis , and The Hitcher , as Jim Halsey . He also starred in Grandview U.S.A. , Red Dawn as Robert , Secret Admirer as Michael , and Soul Man , and appeared in E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial , The Amazing Spider-Man , and Justice League : The Flashpoint Paradox .

neg: James Bonn James Bonn ( James West , Jim Fimiani , Jim West ) is an American pornographic actor who has appeared in about 90 films .

neg: Joseph D. Reitman Joseph David Reitman ( born May 25 , 1968 ) is an American actor , film producer , film director , and writer .

neg: James Merry (actor) James Merry ( Born 30 July 1982 in Sutton Coldfield , UK ) is a British actor best known for his appearances in the British daytime soap opera Doctors .

neg: James Urbaniak James Christian Urbaniak ( born September 17 , 1963 ) is an American actor and voice actor . Urbaniak was born in Bayonne , New Jersey and currently lives in Los Angeles , California .   One of his first noteworthy roles was in the avant-garde playwright/director Richard Foreman 's The Universe , for which Urbaniak won an Obie . His first media appearance occurred in 1983 , when at the age of 20 , James came onstage from the audience of Late Night with David Letterman , to try his hand at a monologue joke that Letterman had flubbed . He has also been acclaimed for his acting in the films Henry Fool and American Splendor , in the latter of which he played legendary illustrator R. Crumb . He was nominated for a Drama Desk Award for his role in Thom Pain ( based on nothing ) . He provides the voice for main character Dr. Thaddeus Venture on The Venture Bros. as well as the Doctor 's brother Jonas Venture Junior and the super-villain Phantom Limb .   Urbaniak played a pizza guy in the famous `` Whassup ? '' television commercials for Budweiser . He also portrayed the moderator in `` Human Centipede Anonymous '' , a Funny or Die short depicting three men who grapple with their past as a human centipede .   Urbaniak appeared on Ken Reid 's TV Guidance Counselor Podcast on May 13 , 2015 .

neg: Christopher Hanke Christopher Jason Hanke , often credited as Christopher J. Hanke , ( born 1976 ) is an American actor known for his roles on Broadway and television .

neg: James Morrison (actor) James Paige Morrison ( born April 21 , 1954 ) is an American actor best known for his portrayal of CTU Director Bill Buchanan on 24 .

neg: William O'Connell (actor) William O'Connell ( born William L. O'Connell Jr. on August 20 , 1933 ) is an American film and television actor .

neg: Joseph Ashton (actor) Joseph Ashton Valencia ( born November 18 , 1986 ) is an American film actor and voice actor .

neg: Jay Pickett Jay Pickett ( born February 10 , 1961 ) is an American actor .

neg: James Preston (actor) James Preston ( born June 30 , 1988 in Casper , Wyoming ) is an American actor . He has played Lukas Ford in the ABC vampire series The Gates , and portrayed James Dean in the 2011 film , Joshua Tree , 1951 : A Portrait of James Dean .

neg: Justin Edwards (actor) Justin Matthew Edwards ( born 1972 ) is an English actor and writer .

neg: James Anderson (American actor) James Anderson ( July 13 , 1921 -- September 14 , 1969 ) , sometimes billed as Kyle James , was an American television and film actor of the 1950s and 1960s . He is probably best known for his role as Robert E. Lee `` Bob '' Ewell in To Kill a Mockingbird ( 1962 ) .   He made over 120 appearances , mostly in television and several films between 1941 and 1969 . He made three guest appearances on Perry Mason , including the role of murder victim Frank Anderson in the 1958 episode , `` The Case of the Pint-Sized Client , '' and murder victim Stanley Piper in the 1960 episode , `` The Case of the Ill-Fated Faker . '' He appeared in a number of westerns throughout his career , often playing a gun-for-hire or outlaw . He died of a heart attack on September 14 , 1969 . Two films he appeared in The Ballad of Cable Hogue ( 1969 ) and Little Big Man ( 1970 ) were released posthumously .   His sister , Mary Anderson ( April 3 , 1918 -- April 6 , 2014 ) , was also an actress . They appeared in only one film together , Hunt the Man Down ( 1951 ) .

neg: James Vasquez James Vasquez ( born c. 1972 ) , also known as Pedro James Vasquez , is an American actor , writer , and director .

neg: Elya Baskin Ilya Zalmanovich Baskin ( Iļja Baskins , Илья́ За́лманович Ба́скин born 11 August 1950 ) , known as Elya Baskin , is an American actor .

neg: Isiah Whitlock Jr. Isiah Whitlock Jr. ( born September 13 , 1954 ) is an American actor .