query: Joaquin Phoenix campaigns for PETA.

pos: Joaquin Phoenix Joaquín Rafael Phoenix ( -LSB- ˌhwɑːˈkiːn -RSB- born Joaquín Rafael Bottom ; October 28 , 1974 ) , known formerly as Leaf Phoenix , is a Puerto Rican -- born American actor , producer , music video director , musician and activist . For his work as an artist , Phoenix has received a Grammy Award , a Golden Globe Award and three Academy Award nominations .   Phoenix started acting in television shows with his brother River Phoenix and sister Summer Phoenix . His first major film release was in the comedy-drama film Parenthood ( 1989 ) . During his period as a child actor he was credited as Leaf Phoenix , his self-given name . He later went back to his birth name , Joaquín , and received positive reviews for his supporting work in a wide range of films , most notably in the film adaptation of the novel To Die For ( 1995 ) and the period film Quills ( 2000 ) . He received international attention for his portrayal of Commodus in the 2000 historical epic film Gladiator , which earned him a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor . He has subsequently earned Best Actor nominations for portraying musician Johnny Cash in the biopic Walk the Line ( 2005 ) and for his role as Freddie Quell , a sex-obsessed alcoholic World War II veteran in the drama film The Master ( 2012 ) , the latter winning him the Volpi Cup for Best Actor . To this date , he and River Phoenix hold the distinction of being the first and only brothers to be nominated for acting Academy Awards .   Some of his other notable films include the satire film Buffalo Soldiers ( 2001 ) , the science fiction thriller Signs ( 2002 ) , the animated film Brother Bear ( 2003 ) , the historical drama film Hotel Rwanda ( 2004 ) , the psychological thriller The Village ( 2004 ) , the documentary Earthlings ( 2005 ) , the romantic drama Two Lovers ( 2008 ) , the drama The Immigrant ( 2013 ) , the romantic science fiction drama Her ( 2013 ) , the crime comedy-drama film Inherent Vice ( 2014 ) , and the thriller You Were Never Really Here ( 2017 ) , for which he won the Cannes Film Festival Award for Best Actor .   Aside from his acting career , he has also ventured into directing music videos , as well as producing films and television shows . He has recorded an album , the soundtrack to Walk The Line , for which he won the Grammy Award for Best Compilation Soundtrack for Visual Media . Phoenix is a social activist , lending his support to a number of charities and humanitarian organizations . He is also widely known for his animal rights advocacy . He has been a vegan since the age of three , and campaigns for PETA and In Defense of Animals .

neg: Pet (film) Pet is an American/Spanish psychological thriller film written by Jeremy Slater , directed by Carles Torrens , and starring Dominic Monaghan , Ksenia Solo , Jennette McCurdy , and Nathan Parsons . The film premiered at South by Southwest on March 11 , 2016 and was released to theaters on December 2 , 2016 .

neg: Egyptian Theatre Egyptian-style theatres are based on the traditional and historic design elements of Ancient Egypt .   The first Egyptian Theatre to be constructed in the US -- which inspired many of the identically-named theatres that followed it -- was Grauman 's Egyptian Theatre in Hollywood , California . For several years , Hollywood developer Charles E. Toberman attempted to convince Sid Grauman to locate in Hollywood . During a meeting , Sid told Mr. Toberman of his desire to build a theatre of Egyptian design . Mr. Toberman then secured a piece of property on Hollywood Boulevard , just east of McCadden Place . The architectural firm of Meyer & Holler were hired to design the theatre . The result was Grauman 's Egyptian Theatre with a seating of 1770 . The approach to the theatre was through a courtyard . Inside , the stage was flanked by carved columns and models of the Sphinx . The theatre was opened on October 19 , 1922 with the grand premiere of `` Robin Hood '' starring Douglas Fairbanks . `` In a 1983 article in Hollywood Studio Magazine , Mike Hughes wrote of the Egyptian : `` A survivor of the decay that unfortunately characterizes the Hollywood Boulevard of today , the Egyptian is a reminder of the glamour that once made the Boulevard famous . Perhaps through the dedicated efforts of such citizens as Bruce Torrence , author of Hollywood : The First 100 Years and grandson of Mr. Charles Toberman , who built the Egyptian , the Hollywood Boulevard of yesteryear will reappear some great day in the future . When that happens , the Egyptian Theatre , jewel that it is , will be there to herald in the new age of film town . '' '' United Artists was the last owner of the Egyptian Theatre before it closed in 1992 . The American Cinematheque purchased the theatre from the city for $ 1 with the provision that this historical landmark would be restored to its original grandeur and re-opened as a movie theatre showcasing the organizations celebrated , public programming . ''   The Eldorado Theatre located in Eldorado Amusement Park , Weehawken , New Jersey opened in 1891 and featured ` Egypt Through Centuries ' each evening . The creators of the park , Palisades Amusement and Exhibition Company , published a book titled `` Egypt Through the Centuries '' in 1892 .   Many of the other theatres that copied Grauman 's Egyptian Theatre were part of the wave of Egyptian revival architecture that occurred after the November 1922 discovery of King Tut 's tomb by Howard Carter .   Unlike the many theatres that followed in its wake , Grauman 's Egyptian Theatre was designed , built , named and opened before the 1922 discovery of King Tut 's tomb . The news of the tomb 's discovery reached the US a few weeks after the theatre opened .   Early in the 20th century , it is estimated that up to 100 of these theatre types were constructed across the US . Many of them no longer exist , but there are many fine examples of this style still in use today . Conrad Schmitt Studios has played a big part in the restoration of these atmospheric theatres , including Egyptian Theatres in Park City , Utah , Ogden , Utah , Boise , Idaho , Delta , Colorado , and DeKalb , Illinois .

neg: Demion Clinco Demion Clinco is an American politician from the state of Arizona . A member of the Democratic Party , Clinco served in the Arizona House of Representatives , as the member for the second district until 2015 .   Clinco was the president of the Tucson Historic Preservation Foundation . When Linda J. Lopez , a member of the Arizona Senate , resigned in 2014 , Clinco was a finalist for the position . Andrea Dalessandro , a member of the Arizona House of Representatives , was selected instead . Clinco was appointed to Dalessandro 's former seat in the state House . During his tenure in the Arizona State House Clinco was the only openly LGBT member .  Clinco lost his reelection bid for a full term , losing to Republican John Ackerley .   Clinco attended Occidental College in Los Angeles , graduating with a B.A. in Art History , completing postgraduate work at Istituto Marangoni in Milan Italy . He is the Executive Director of the Tucson Historic Preservation Foundation , having assumed this role in 2015 after six years ( 2008 - 2014 ) as president of the Board of Directors . Clinco was a member of the Arizona State House of Representative ( 2014-2015 ) , serving on the Financial Institutions and Government Committees . From 2007 to 2014 , he served as the City of Tucson Mayor 's appointee to the Tucson-Pima County Historic Commission , and has been involved in local , state and national public policy issues related to Historic Preservation and Cultural Resources . Since 2010 has served as the Arizona State Advisor to the National Trust for Historic Preservation , becoming Vice Chair in 2014 , representing the Western Region .   Clinco is a member of the Board of Directors of Archeology Southwest , the Arizona Preservation Foundation , is a founding member of the `` Arizona Vintage Sign Coalition . '' In 2011 , Clinco led the creation Tucson Modernism Week . Clinco has served on numerous foundation and non profit boards , including as a trustee of The Gregory School ( formally St. Gregory College Preparatory School ) and a member the Southern Arizona Leadership Council . He is a member of the 2014 `` Next City Vanguard '' class and a 2013 `` Flinn Brown Fellow . '' Clinco has received numerous awards in the field of architectural and heritage preservation .   Demion Clinco is the son of Paul and Judy Clinco

neg: ASIFA-Hollywood ASIFA-Hollywood , an American non-profit organization in Los Angeles , California , United States , is a branch member of the `` Association Internationale du Film d'Animation '' or `` ASIFA '' ( the International Animated Film Association ) . Its purpose is to promote the art of film animation in a variety of ways , including its own archive and an annual awards presentation , the Annie Awards . It is also known as the International Animated Film Society .   Many branches of ASIFA exist throughout the world ; in the US there are chapters in San Francisco , New York City , Atlanta , Seattle , Washington , the Detroit area , and others , while internationally , organizations exist in Annecy , France , in Italy , and Japan . ASIFA also sponsors several animation film festivals throughout the world , including the ASIFA-Hollywood Student Animation Festival .   ASIFA-Hollywood has the largest membership internationally of all other chapters , largely because the most popular cartoons ever produced were by studios and animation professionals located in the city of Burbank , which is also the location of the ASIFA-Hollywood Animation Center . It includes a virtual archive , museum , library and research facility , containing the ASIFA-Hollywood Animation Archive Project .

neg: Houston Film Critics Society Awards 2010 The 4th Houston Film Critics Society Awards were presented on December 18 , 2010 . These awards for `` extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Houston Film Critics Society ( HFCS ) based in Houston , Texas . The organization , founded in 2007 , includes 22 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications in the greater Houston area . The awards are co-sponsored by the Houston Film Commission , Southwest Alternate Media Project , Women in Film and Television/Houston , WorldFest , and the Houston Cinema Arts Society .   The nominations for the 2010 awards were announced on December 12 , 2010 . Eligible films do not need to have played or opened in a Houston film theater prior to the nomination deadline , merely made available to the HFCS membership at a screening or on DVD . Along with the 13 `` best of '' category awards , this year also saw the introduction of a new category for `` Worst Movies of the Year '' . The Social Network , True Grit , and 127 Hours each received six nominations , all including the Best Picture , Actor , Direction , and Original Score categories .   The Social Network was the HFCS 's most awarded film of 2010 taking top honors in the Best Picture , Best Director ( David Fincher ) , Best Actor ( Jesse Eisenberg ) , and Best Screenplay ( Aaron Sorkin ) categories . Inception was the only other film to garner multiple awards , winning both the Best Original Score ( Hans Zimmer ) and Best Cinematography ( Wally Pfister ) prizes . The other acting awards went to Natalie Portman as Best Actress for Black Swan , Hailee Steinfeld as Best Supporting Actress for True Grit , and Christian Bale as Best Supporting Actor for The Fighter . The remaining film honors went to Toy Story 3 as Best Animated Film , Restrepo as Best Documentary , and The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo as Best Foreign Language Film . `` We Are Sex Bob-Omb '' by Beck from Scott Pilgrim vs. the World was named the Best Original Song . The HFCS 's first-ever award for `` Worst Picture '' was given to Jonah Hex starring Josh Brolin .   In addition to the category awards , the HFCS presented their annual Lifetime Achievement Award to Sissy Spacek and its Humanitarian Award to George Clooney . Clooney was selected for `` selflessly using his celebrity for greater good '' . The HFCS award for Outstanding Achievement in Cinema awards were presented to Charles Dove , director of the Rice University Media Center , and Hector Luna , the founder and editor of C-47 Houston .

neg: 28th PMPC Star Awards for Television The 28th PMPC Star Awards for Television ( organized by Philippine Movie Press Club headed by President Fernan de Guzman and produced by Airtime Marketing Philippines , Inc. headed by Tessie Celestino-Howard ) awarding ceremony was held last November 23 , 2014 , at the Solaire Resort and Casino Grand Ballroom , Paranaque City and will be broadcast on ABS-CBN Channel 2 on November 30 , 2014 ( `` Sunday 's Best '' , 10:45 pm ) . The awards night will be hosted by Iza Calzado , Kim Chiu , Enchong Dee and Piolo Pascual with performances by Maja Salvador , James Reid , Pokwang , and the cast of Bubble Gang ; directed by Arnel Natividad .

neg: Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards 2014 The 20th Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards honoring the best in film for 2014 were announced on December 15 , 2014 . These awards `` recognizing extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association ( DFWFCA ) , based in the Dallas -- Fort Worth metroplex region of Texas . The organization , founded in 1990 , includes 30 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications based in north Texas . The Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association began presenting its annual awards list in 1993 .   Birdman was the DFWFCA 's most awarded film of 2014 , taking five top honors . Birdman won in Best Picture , Best Actor ( Michael Keaton ) , Best Director ( Alejandro G. Iñárritu ) , Best Cinematography ( Emmanuel Lubezki ) , and Best Screenplay ( Alejandro G. Iñárritu , Nicolás Giacobone , Alexander Dinelaris Jr. , and Armando Bo ) .   Another film , Boyhood , earned multiple 2014 honors from the DFWFCA . The coming-of-age tale received top honors in the Best Supporting Actress ( Patricia Arquette ) as well as being presented the Russell Smith Award as the `` best low-budget or cutting-edge independent film '' of the year . The award is named in honor of late Dallas Morning News film critic Russell Smith . Reese Witherspoon was named Best Actress for her role as Cheryl Strayed in Wild . The other films earning honors were Sweden 's Force Majeure for Best Foreign Language Film , Citizenfour as Best Documentary Film , and The Lego Movie for Best Animated Film .

neg: Angelo Parra Angelo Parra is an American playwright . He was born in Manhattan and grew up in the Bronx , New York City . After graduating from Fordham University , his career included work as a reporter/photographer , public relations professional , politician , free-lance writer , and PR and journalism teacher at New York University before turning to theatre in 1986 . His first produced play , Casino , was presented at T. Schreiber Studio , and won a 1989 New York Foundation for the Arts ( NYFA ) Fellowship in Playwriting and an Arts International grant ( sponsored by the National Endowment for the Arts , U.S. Information Agency , Rockefeller Foundation , and The Pew Charitable Trusts ) .   His work , The Devil 's Music : The Life and Blues of Bessie Smith , with music on the life of Bessie Smith , was named `` one of the top-10 Off-Broadway experiences of 2001 '' by the New York Daily News , `` Best Solo Show '' by Florida 's Broward/Palm Beach New Times , and won a second NYFA Playwriting Fellowship ( 2000 ) . The show , conceived by and originally directed by Joe Brancato and originally staged by Penguin Rep Theatre , Stony Point , NY , was invited to give six performances during the 2012 Montreal International Jazz Festival , making The Devil 's Music the first play ever presented in the music festival 's 30-year history !   Parra has production credits in New York , Los Angeles , Chicago , Washington , D.C. ; at Florida Stage ( Palm Beach ) , The Hartford Stage ( Hartford , Connecticut ) , Theatre Memphis , at the Cape Playhouse ( Cape Cod ) ; George Street Playhouse , Florida Rep , and , at the Edinburgh International Festival . Parra also is the author of Playwriting for Dummies , part of the popular international series of how-to books .   Among Parra 's other prize-winning plays is the hospital drama , `` Journey of the Heart '' , winner of the Jewel Box Theatre , Mixed Blood Theatre , and David James Ellis national play awards in 1998-99 . Also in 1998 , `` Song of the Coquí '' , his Hispanic family drama with humor and dance , won the Chicano/Latino Literary Award ( University of California , Irvine ) and an `` American Dream '' prize by Repertorio Español in New York City .   Parra is a member of the Dramatists Guild , member emeritus of the BMI Lehman Engel Musical Theater Workshop , and member of the Actors Studio Playwrights/Directors Unit . He was a Tennessee Williams Scholar at the 2000 Sewanee Writers Conference , teaches playwriting , performing arts , and English at SUNY Rockland Community College . In addition to his BA in Communication Arts at Fordham , he earned an MA in Political Science at the New School in New York , and MFA in Playwriting at Brooklyn College . He is currently president of the Penguin Rep Theatre Board of Trustees and director of the Hudson Valley Professional Playwright 's Lab .   Along with the children 's musical Percy T. Penguin Comes to America , Parra 's other plays include :  The Mnemonist  Canvases  The Price of Honor  Prickasaurus  The Slope  Warmflesch  A Waltz Without Turns  Midnight Kiss  What is it With Me ?

neg: Phoenix American Incorporated Phoenix American Incorporated is a privately held financial services company headquartered in San Rafael , California . It is the parent of several companies : Phoenix American Financial Services / Phoenix Transfer , Phoenix Securitization Administration and Accounting , Phoenix Leasing Portfolio Services , Inc. , SalesFocus Solutions , Phoenix Leasing Bank Services , Phoenix Leasing , Inc. , and Phoenix Cable , Inc. .

neg: Cactus Flower (play) Cactus Flower is a farce by Abe Burrows . It played for years on Broadway before being adapted by I.A.L. Diamond into a 1969 feature film directed by Gene Saks .   Based on the play Fleur de cactus by Pierre Barillet and Jean-Pierre Gredy , the comedy focuses on the relationship between young , wild Toni and her older , married lover Julian , a dentist . Convinced the two have no future together , Toni attempts suicide , and a guilt-ridden Julian rashly proposes he leave his wife so the couple can be together . However , Julian has never revealed to Toni that his `` marriage '' is actually an elaborate lie concocted to keep Toni at arm 's length . Toni refuses to break up his household without first meeting and talking with Julian 's soon-to-be-ex , so Julian enlists the aid of his shy spinster assistant Stephanie to pose as his non-existent wife . Complications arise when Toni decides the two must find her a new beau so everyone concerned can live happily ever after .   After two previews , the Broadway production , directed by Burrows , opened on December 8 , 1965 at the Royale Theatre , where it ran for two years and nine months before transferring to the Longacre , for a total run of 1234 performances , ending on November 23 , 1968 . The original cast included Lauren Bacall , Barry Nelson , Brenda Vaccaro , and Burt Brinckerhoff . Lloyd Bridges , Kevin McCarthy , and Betsy Palmer were replacements later in the run .   Both Vaccaro and Brinckerhoff were nominated for Tony Awards for their featured performances .   Later adapted for film as : Cactus Flower with Walter Matthau , Ingrid Bergman and Goldie Hawn ( for which Hawn won an Academy Award ) and again in 2011 , as Just Go With It starring Adam Sandler , Jennifer Aniston and Brooklyn Decker .

neg: Animal Protection Institute The Animal Protection Institute ( API ) was a national , nonprofit animal advocacy organization based in Sacramento , California that in 2007 , as part of its affiliation with the Born Free Foundation , was renamed Born Free USA . Founded in 1968 , API 's mission was to advocate for the protection of animals from cruelty and exploitation . API 's slogan was `` Saving Animals Is Our Reason for Being '' .   API was founded by Belton P. Mouras and Kenneth E. Guerrero , both former employees of the Humane Society of the United States .   API 's primary campaign areas included animals used in entertainment , captive exotic animals , companion animals , compassionate consumerism , farmed animals , and wildlife protection .   API achieved significant results in working with state and local legislatures to pass laws restricting the private possession of exotic animals such as lions , tigers , bears , and other dangerous animals . The organization attempted to get bills passed in North and South Carolina banning venomous snakes and other exotic animals .   API also provided `` hands-on '' care for animals at its API Primate Sanctuary , located in Dilley , Texas , where more than 500 primates , many of whom were rescued from abusive situations in laboratories , roadside zoos , and private possession , live in as natural an environment as possible with minimal human interference .

neg: The Phoenix (Fall Out Boy song) `` The Phoenix '' is a song by American rock band Fall Out Boy for their fifth studio album Save Rock and Roll ( 2013 ) . The song was written by the band in collaboration with Butch Walker , who handled production . After being released to digital outlets on March 24 , 2013 in advance of the album 's release , `` The Phoenix '' impacted radio on July 16 , 2013 as an official single . The song charted for 1 week then fell off . An accompanying music video was also released as part of the ongoing series The Young Blood Chronicles , serving as a prequel to the video of the album 's lead single `` My Songs Know What You Did in the Dark ( Light Em Up ) '' .   `` The Phoenix '' contains elements of Russian composer Dmitri Shostakovich 's Symphony No. 7 in C major . Prior to its official release as a single , the song debuted at number 80 on the United States Billboard Hot 100 on the strength of digital sales and also charted in several other countries , including Australia , Canada and the United Kingdom . It won the Kerrang ! Award for Best Single in 2013 . This song is used in the gameplay trailer of the wrestling video game WWE 2K14 .

neg: Phoenix Players Phoenix Players is the largest and oldest repertory theatre company in East and Central Africa . Situated in Nairobi , Kenya it was registered in 1983 as a non-profit making company limited by guarantee . Phoenix Players mount , on average , a new play every three weeks throughout the year . Their 120-seat auditorium is located in the Professional Centre on Parliament Road .

neg: Clay Pigeons Clay Pigeons is a 1998 crime-comedy film written by Matt Healy and directed by David Dobkin . The film stars Joaquin Phoenix , Vince Vaughn , and Janeane Garofalo .

neg: Fernando Poe Jr. Ronald Allan Kelley Poe ( August 20 , 1939 -- December 14 , 2004 ) , better known as Fernando Poe Jr. . and colloquially known as FPJ and Da King , was a Filipino actor . During the latter part of his career , Poe was defeated by then President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo in the 2004 Philippine presidential elections . His long career as an action film star earned him the nickname `` King of Philippine Movies '' ( often shortened to Da King ) .   Poe was posthumously declared a National Artist of the Philippines for Film on May 23 , 2006 by President Macapagal-Arroyo . The award was confirmed by President Benigno Aquino III on July 20 , 2012 , and was presented to his family on August 16 .

neg: Modesto, California Modesto -LSB- məˈdɛstoʊ -RSB- ( Spanish for `` modest '' ) , officially the City of Modesto , is the county seat and largest city of Stanislaus County , California , United States . With a population of approximately 201,165 at the 2010 census , it is the 18th largest city in the state of California and forms part of the Modesto-Merced combined Statistical Area . The Modesto Census County Division , which includes the cities of Ceres and Riverbank , had a population of 312,842 .   Modesto is located in the Central Valley , 90 mi north of Fresno , 40 mi north of Merced , California , 92 mi east of San Francisco , 68 mi south of the state capital of Sacramento , 66 mi west of Yosemite National Park , and 24 mi south of Stockton . Modesto has been honored as a Tree City USA numerous times . It is surrounded by rich farmland ; Stanislaus County ranks sixth among California counties in farm production . Led by milk , almonds , chickens , walnuts , and corn silage , the county grossed nearly $ 3.1 billion in agricultural production in 2011 . The farm-to-table movement plays a central role in Modesto living as in the Central Valley .   Filmmaker George Lucas , who was born in Modesto , graduated from Thomas Downey High School in 1962 and attended Modesto Junior College , immortalized the city in his award-winning 1973 film American Graffiti . Although it was not actually shot in Modesto , the film portrayed the spirit of cruising and friendship on Modesto 's 10th and 11th Streets in 1962 , and inspired a revival of interest in 1950s pop culture , including the TV show Happy Days and its spin-offs .   The city 's annual Architectural Festival honors Modesto 's history as a testing ground for mid-century modern architecture during the 1940s and '50s . Modesto 's mid-century buildings have been featured four times in Museum of Modern Art publications .   The Gallup-Healthways Well-Being Index for 2011 , which interviews 1,000 participants about their jobs , finances , physical health , emotional state of mind and communities , ranked Modesto 126 out of the 190 cities surveyed . In December 2009 , Forbes ranked Modesto 48th out of 100 among `` Best Bang-for-the-Buck Cities '' . In this ranking , Modesto ranked 8th in housing affordability and travel time but also ranked 86th in job forecast growth and 99th in foreclosures .   Modesto is the home of Gallo Family Winery , the largest privately owned winery in the world .

neg: Disasterpiece Theatre Disasterpiece Theatre was a comedy television program that aired in the early 1980s on XETV , a station in Tijuana , Mexico owned by Mexican media company Grupo Televisa which broadcasts in English across the border to neighboring San Diego , California . The show 's title is both a play on the long-running PBS anthology program Masterpiece Theatre and a reference to the low-budget , campy science fiction and horror films that were lampooned each week . At the time of Disasterpiece Theatre '' 's run , XETV was an independent station ; today it serves as the San Diego affiliate of The CW network .   The premise of the show was simple : show the worst movies ever made and make fun of them . Among the films shown were Shriek of the Mutilated , Monster on Campus , The Thing That Could n't Die , The Mummy 's Hand , Born to Speed , Big Boy Rides Again , First Spaceship on Venus and Curse of the Undead . Comments would be written as subtitles during the movie ; for example , in Track of the Moonbeast a character says , `` I 'm somewhat of an ... ( laughs ) an adventurer , '' and the word `` IDIOT '' appeared on screen during the pause in the middle of the sentence . Sometimes music would be added and , in some cases , redubbing by the writers would occur . On a showing of First Spaceship on Venus , the soundtrack was replaced by the writers ' voices arguing about which television show they are going to watch , similar to the overdubbing idea in What 's Up , Tiger Lily?Jay Curtis hosted the show as Sal U. Lloyd , a play on the word celluloid . Bruce Mueller played `` The Other Guy '' and would often dress up as The Mummy , A Lion Tamer , and the Network Producer . Curtis and Mueller wrote and produced the show . Fred Stern was a constant contributor and served as the show 's musical director . Stern chose popular music that was added to scenes for comic punctuation . As an example , during the film Beginning of the End , giant grasshoppers are attacking Chicago , scientists decide to use the grasshopper mating call to lure the creatures into Lake Michigan but instead of the mating call coming from a boat loudspeaker , the audience hears At the Hop by Danny and the Juniors and the monsters hop in and drown . San Diego radio announcer Gary Cocker appeared on the show many times . Guests included Whoopi Goldberg , Richard Simmons , and J. Michael Straczynski . The show was done so cheaply , the producers would tape over the same reels , thus erasing the previous episode . In the show , Curtis and Mueller 's microphone cords are easily visible , but it is the poor production quality that makes the show more humorous .   Sal U. Lloyd was portrayed as a big loser who hates his job . In one episode , he explains his position : `` I 'm sick of television ... I wan na be a rock and roll star . I wan na make some money . '' He is often seen receiving some kind of brain damage after showing a movie . Several times , Lloyd has a run-in with the network producer , George Mucas ( obviously a parody of George Lucas ) , who hates the show . In reality , Curtis had a strong rivalry with the actual network producer of XETV , who eventually cancelled the show .   The show became quite successful , generating a loyal following and beating Saturday Night Live in the ratings several times . However , the show was eventually cancelled due to creative control with the station . Although the show is not widely acclaimed , it is mentionable for inspiring a generation of cult television shows that used the same premise , such as Mystery Science Theater 3000 .   In 1991 , the Beetlejuice episode `` Moby Richard '' had Lydia staging a television dramatization of `` Moby Dick '' for the Neitherworld program `` Disasterpiece Theatre . ''   In 1993 , Animaniacs had an episode of the same title .   In 2009 , the creators of Disasterpiece Theatre '' created a YouTube Page posting archival footage of the show .

neg: Pigasus (politics) Pigasus was a 145-pound ( 66-kg ) domestic pig who was nominated for President of the United States as a theatrical gesture by the Youth International Party on August 23 , 1968 , just before the opening of the Democratic National Convention in Chicago , Illinois . The youth-oriented party ( whose members were commonly called `` Yippies '' ) was an anti-establishment and countercultural revolutionary group whose views were inspired by the free speech and anti-war movements of the 1960s , mainly the opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War .   Yippies were known for using dramatic theatrics in their demonstrations , and they used Pigasus as a way to mock the social status quo . At a rally announcing his candidacy , Pigasus was seized by Chicago policemen and several of his Yippie backers were arrested for disorderly conduct .

neg: Phoenix Productions Phoenix Productions is a New York based creative studio that produces advertising , television , film and video production company . The company was formed in 2005 by Chris Phoenix to create the show open and graphics package for Bravo 's Battle of the Network Reality Stars . It has since expanded into marketing , advertising and other programming , most notably the Comedy Central series Important Things With Demetri Martin and Jon Stewart 's `` Night of Too Many Stars '' .  The company bills itself as a combination creative agency , production company and post-production house .

neg: Peter Coyote Peter Coyote ( born Robert Peter Cohon ; October 10 , 1941 ) is an American actor , author , director , screenwriter and narrator of films , theatre , television and audiobooks . His voice work includes narrating the opening ceremony of the 2002 Winter Olympics and Apple 's iPad Retina Display campaign . He has also served as on-camera co-host of the 2000 Oscar telecasts . His distinctive voice helped him win a News & Documentary Emmy Award in 1992 for narration of `` The Meiji Revolution '' episode of the PBS series The Pacific Century , as well as a Primetime Emmy Award in 2015 for Ken Burns ' documentary special The Roosevelts . He has often been compared with actor Henry Fonda .   Coyote was one of the founders of the Diggers , an anarchist improv group active in Haight-Ashbury during the mid-1960s . Coyote was also an actor , writer and director with the San Francisco Mime Troupe ; his prominence in the San Francisco counterculture scene led to his being interviewed for the book Voices from the Love Generation . He acted in and directed the first cross-country tour of The Minstrel Show , and his play Olive Pits , co-authored with Mime Troupe member Peter Berg , won the troupe an Obie Award from the Village Voice . Coyote became a member , and later chairman , of the California Arts Council from 1975 to 1983 . In the late 1970s , he shifted from acting on stage to acting in films . In the 1990s and 2000s ( decade ) , he acted in several television shows . He speaks fluent Spanish and French .


query: Pacific Blue started in 1996.

pos: Pacific Blue (TV series) Pacific Blue is an American crime drama series about a team of police officers with the Santa Monica Police Department who patrolled its beaches on bicycles . The show ran for five seasons on the USA Network , from March 2 , 1996 to April 9 , 2000 , with a total of 101 episodes . Often compared as `` Baywatch on bikes '' , the series enjoyed a popular run among the network 's viewers , and was popular in France , Belgium , Israel , Sweden , Bulgaria , Norway , Spain , Russia , Austria , Germany , Italy , South America , Canada , Denmark , Poland and other foreign markets .

neg: BRP Heracleo Alano (PG-376) BRP Heracleo Alano ( PG-376 ) is the sixth ship of the coastal patrol boats of the Philippine Navy . It is part of the first batch of its class ordered through U.S. Foreign Military Sales ( FMS ) in 1990 , and was commissioned with the Philippine Navy on January 1992 . It was initially designated as Fast Patrol Craft , and was numbered `` DF-376 '' , but later on was re-designated as a Patrol Gunboat , and was finally re-numbered as `` PG-376 '' .

neg: Pacific Symphony Pacific Symphony is a symphony orchestra located in Orange County , California . The orchestra performs at the Renée and Henry Segerstrom Concert Hall , part of Segerstrom Center for the Arts ( formerly the Orange County Performing Arts Center ) in Costa Mesa , California . From 1987-2016 , the orchestra 's Summer Festival concerts took place at the Verizon Wireless Amphitheater ( previously known as `` Irvine Meadows Amphitheater '' ) in Irvine , California .   Carl St.Clair has been the orchestra 's Music Director since 1990 .

neg: 2006 IRB Pacific 5 Nations The 2006 IRB Pacific 5 Nations was the inaugural IRB Pacific 5 Nations rugby union competition held between five Pacific Rim sides ; Fiji , Japan , Samoa , Tonga and the Junior All Blacks ( New Zealand 's second XV ) . The inaugural tournament kicked off on 3 June 2006 with the Junior All Blacks proclaimed the winner after their 38 -- 8 defeat of Japan on 24 June 2006 .   Australia was invited to take part but decided against sending a team as they wanted focus on their domestic competition . However , Australia hosted two games , and Australian Rugby Union CEO Gary Flowers stated that Australia was keen to participate in the tournament from 2007 onwards . On 18 October 2006 it was announced that they would send their second XV . For this reason , the inaugural tournament was the only one to be known as the `` Pacific 5 Nations '' , and from 2007 the competition was known as the Pacific Nations Cup .

neg: West Coast FC West Coast FC is an American soccer Club founded in 1997 . The Club is a member of the Southern California Developmental Soccer League and includes 50 boys and girls teams in total . The West Coast FC Classic is a nationally ranked `` Premier '' tournament . The Club has one of only 40 girls soccer programs throughout the United States selected to participate in the Elite Clubs National League . Since 2009 , Soccer America named the Club 's Boys program as one of the top programs in the Nation . The team plays its home games in the stadium on the campus of JSerra Catholic High School in the city of San Juan Capistrano , California , 55 miles southeast of downtown Los Angeles . The club 's colors are navy blue and white .

neg: Southern Pacific 1518 Southern Pacific Railroad 's ( SP ) number 1518 is an EMD SD7 diesel locomotive . It was built originally in May 1951 as General Motors Electro-Motive Division 's ( EMD ) Demonstrator # 990 . It was the first `` SD '' series locomotive ever built . Its road number 990 is in reference to its EMD Engineering Department Project Number : 15990 . It demonstrated on several roads before being sold to Southern Pacific on 10/10/52 and sent back to EMD for refurbishing and repainting in SP 's tiger stripe paint and renumbering as # 5308 . It was classified in one-unit class DF-116 as it was slightly different from all the other SD7s . It entered service at Ogden , UT on 10/23/52 and was immediately sent to work on SP subsidiary Northwestern Pacific Railroad alongside SP 's other SD7s .   As delivered , it had dual control stands , a winterization hatch over the forward fan and two single A-200 `` blat '' horns mounted on the roof of the long hood directly behind the cab . SP added a steam generator inside the short hood and a large `` beer barrel '' or `` trash can '' Mars signal light above the headlight on the front of the short hood . In the mid-1950s SP repainted it in the `` black widow '' paint scheme , then into the scarlet and grey scheme about 1959 . Since it still had dual control stands , the painted feathers were applied to both ends . It was the only SD7 to have feathers at both ends denoting two control stands for bi-directional operation , similar to the San Francisco-San Jose , California commute GP9s .   In the early 1970s it was repainted without the rear feather , although it retained its dual control stands . SP renumbered the locomotive to # 2715 in 1965 , then to # 1415 in 1/74 when the EMD MP15AC deliveries approached the 27xx numbers . In the late Sixties , the two A-200 horns were replaced by a Nathan P3 on the right side and a Nathan M5 on the left side . Also at some point during the late Sixties , the large Mars signal light was replaced with an end mounted Pyle National sealed-beam Gyralight .   The locomotive was rebuilt at the Sacramento General Shops as an SD7R in 1980 and renumbered to # 1518 , and was released for service on 2/5/80 . In this rebuild , it lost its dual control stands , dual horns and winterization hatch .   It was the only SD7 to have a winterization hatch , a feature that was very rare on SP but not unknown - several SP F7 and the odd GP20 also had them .   Union Pacific Railroad took control of the SP in late 1996 , and 1518 was retired on 5/5/97 and sent to the UP 's roundhouse in Cheyenne , Wyoming , to be preserved . Instead , Southern Pacific 1518 was donated in April 2003 to the Illinois Railway Museum where it currently resides in operable condition .

neg: Blue Pacific (album) Blue Pacific is a smooth vocal jazz album by American singer-songwriter and musician Michael Franks , released in 1990 with Reprise . It was Franks ' eleventh studio album after The Camera Never Lies in 1987 and prior to Dragonfly Summer in 1993 .

neg: Football at the Pacific Games Football has been a regular event at the Pacific Games , the multi-sports event for Pacific nations , territories and dependencies , since 1963 . Until 2011 the tournament was known as the South Pacific games .   Since 1971 the competition has been held every four years , but was not played in 1999 due to contract issues . In 2007 , the men 's competition doubled as OFC 's preliminary qualifying competition for the 2010 FIFA World Cup .   A women 's tournament was first introduced in 2003 , and has doubled up as the preliminary qualifying competition for the Olympic Games since 2007 . The men 's tournament also became the Olympic qualifier for Oceania for the 2015 edition .

neg: Pacific Reporter The Pacific Reporter , Pacific Reporter Second , and Pacific Reporter Third are United States regional case law reporters . It is part of the National Reporter System created by John B. West for West Publishing Company , which is now part of Thomson West .   The Pacific Reporter contains published appellate court case decisions for :  Alaska  Arizona  California  Colorado  Hawaii  Idaho  Kansas  Montana  Nevada  New Mexico  Oklahoma  Oregon  Utah  Washington  Wyoming   When cited , the Pacific Reporter , Pacific Reporter Second , and Pacific Reporter Third are abbreviated `` P. '' , `` P. 2d '' , and `` P. 3d '' , respectively .

neg: 1996 NFL season The 1996 NFL season was the 77th regular season of the National Football League and the season was marked by notable controversies from beginning to end . The season ended with Super Bowl XXXI when the Green Bay Packers defeated the New England Patriots 35-21 at the Louisiana Superdome .

neg: Liquid Blue Liquid Blue is an American indie pop rock band/cover band formed in San Diego , California in 1996 by Scott Stephens & Michael Vangerov . The group has performed in more than 500 cities in 100 countries on six continents and have been recognized as `` the world 's most traveled band '' . They are more popular in parts of Asia and Europe than in their home country ( USA ) . In 2010 the group scored their first hit in the United States with the song `` Earth Passport '' , which reached No. 3 on the Billboard Hot Dance Chart in October 2010 . Earth Passport was recorded using nine languages including all six of the official languages of the United Nations . Liquid Blue received a Guinness World Record for `` Earth Passport '' for `` Song Sung in the Most Languages '' . In 2011 the group was named `` Entertainer of the Year - Ensemble '' at the Event Solutions Spotlight Awards held in Las Vegas on February 28 . The band was `` certified green '' by the County of San Diego in May 2009 . The band 's official slogan is `` Music To Move You . '' The core unit of Stephens , Vangerov , and Nikki Green have been together since 1998 .

neg: 1996 Trans-Am Series The 1996 Trans-Am Series was the 31st season of the Sports Car Club of America 's Trans-Am Series .

neg: New Zealand general election, 1996 The 1996 New Zealand general election was held on 12 October 1996 to determine the composition of the 45th New Zealand Parliament . It was notable for being the first election to be held under the new mixed-member proportional ( MMP ) electoral system , and produced a parliament considerably more diverse than previous elections . It saw the National Party , led by Jim Bolger , retain its position in government , but only after protracted negotiations with the smaller New Zealand First party to form a coalition . New Zealand First 's position as `` kingmaker '' , able to place either of the two major parties into government , was a significant election outcome .

neg: The Baseball Network The Baseball Network was a short-lived television broadcasting joint venture between ABC , NBC and Major League Baseball . Under the arrangement , beginning in the 1994 season , the league produced its own in-house telecasts of games , which were then brokered to air on ABC and NBC . This was perhaps most evident by the copyright beds shown at the end of the telecasts , which stated `` The proceeding program has been paid for by the office of The Commissioner of Baseball '' . The Baseball Network was the first television network in the United States to be owned by a professional sports league .   The package included coverage of games in primetime on selected nights throughout the regular season ( under the branding Baseball Night in America ) , along with coverage of the postseason and the World Series . Unlike previous broadcasting arrangements with the league , there was no national `` game of the week '' during the regular season ; these would be replaced by multiple weekly regional telecasts on certain nights of the week . Additionally , The Baseball Network had exclusive coverage windows ; no other broadcaster could televise MLB games during the same night that The Baseball Network was televising games .   The arrangement did not last long ; due to the effects of a players ' strike on the remainder of the 1994 season , and poor reception from fans and critics over how the coverage was implemented , The Baseball Network would be disbanded after the 1995 season . While NBC would maintain rights to certain games , the growing Fox network became the league 's new national broadcast partner beginning in 1996 , with its then-parent company News Corporation eventually purchasing the Los Angeles Dodgers .

neg: Port Railroads, Inc. Port Railroads , Inc. . was a 105.7 mi shortline railroad owned by Kyle Railways . PRI was formed on March 13 , 1994 , to take over two Southern Pacific Railroad lines . One of SP 's lines was the West Side Line ( 47.8 miles ) between Fresno northwest to Oxalis , California and a branch running from Ingle to Burrell ( 25.2 miles ) . The other line was the SP Buttonwillow Branch ( 32.7 miles ) from Bakersfield ( Kern Junction ) to Buttonwillow , California .   PRI was related to the San Joaquin Valley Railroad . Both PRI and the SJVR were subsidiaries of Kyle Railways . Because PRI and the SJVR were related , the SJVR provided the motive power for PRI . On April 26 , 1996 , Kyle Railways merged PRI into the SJVR .   PRI handled about 8,000 cars per year ( 1996 estimate ) .

neg: Asia Pacific Vision Asia Pacific Vision ( APV ) is a provider of news , factual and corporate television content across the Asia Pacific Region . The company was founded by Mark Erder and Adrian Brown in September 1991 , and incorporated in Hong Kong in early 1992 . Brown is a British reporter and Erder is an American documentary filmmaker .

neg: WDFW Toxics in Biota fish monitoring Fish are an important component of the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife 's ( WDFW ) Toxics in Biota Program , part of the Puget Sound Ecosystem Monitoring Program ( PSEMP , recently renamed from PSAMP ) . Since 1989 fish indicator species have been used to monitor contamination of Puget Sound by chemicals such as poly-chlorinated biphenyls ( PCBs ) , polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ( PAHs ) , pesticides , and metals . English Sole , the first species studied for the Toxics in Biota Program , have been used for monitoring by WDFW since 1989 . As of 2015 the program also monitors copper rockfish , quillback rockfish , brown rockfish , coho salmon , chinook salmon , Pacific herring , and Pacific staghorn sculpin . Exposure and effects of each contaminant are monitored for each species , and more in-depth studies of specific regions are performed if monitoring indicates a contamination problem .   Geographical characteristics making Puget Sound especially susceptible to contaminants include funneling of fish through narrow inlets , restricted exchange of water , shallow sea floor sills , and freshwater inputs from urban sources . One of the largest sources of contaminants is stormwater runoff . During heavy rain events metals , persistent organic pollutants ( POPs ) , and pesticides flow untreated into local waterways , streams , and lakes . Impervious surfaces such as roads provide a route for deposition of metals and POPs by cars and industrial emissions , before subsequent discharge into nearby water bodies . The highly urbanized coastline of southern Puget Sound results in stormwater runoff containing high concentrations of contaminants .

neg: Blue Box (album) Blue Box is a 1996 album released by recording artist Kate Ceberano . The album 's second single , `` Change '' was nominated for two ARIA Awards in 1996 .

neg: 1996 U.S. Figure Skating Championships The 1996 United States Figure Skating Championships were the United States Figure Skating Championships of the 1995 -- 96 figure skating season . They were a national championship to determine the national champions of the United States .   Aside from determining the national champions , the event also served to help choose the U.S. team to the 1996 World Figure Skating Championships . The 1996 World Junior Figure Skating Championships had been held prior to the national championships and so the World Juniors team had been chosen at a World Juniors selection competition earlier in the year .   Skaters competed in five disciplines across three levels . The disciplines of the competition were men 's singles , ladies ' singles , pair skating , ice dancing , and compulsory figures . The levels of competition were Senior , Junior , and Novice . Medals were awarded in four colors : gold ( first ) , silver ( second ) , bronze ( third ) , and pewter ( fourth ) . In the figures event , the novice competitors skated one figure , and the juniors and seniors skated three .   The 1996 Championships took place between January 13 and 21 , 1996 in San Jose , California .

neg: Blue Book Top 20 Network Rankings The Performance Marketing Blue Book , owned by privately held mThink LLC , provides online affiliates and merchants with an independently researched ranking of affiliate networks worldwide .  It is published in the form of two `` Top 20 '' league tables , one for CPA networks and one for networks using a revenue sharing business model , cost-per-sale . The tables are updated each year from the results of an annual research-based process that includes a survey of over 20,000 online publishers and advertisers .  The Blue Book has been produced each year since 2009 and is a recognized information resource within the performance marketing industry .   Methodology  The Blue Book is based upon a research process that incorporates multiple sources of affiliate marketing industry data and includes over 500 affiliate networks each year . One major component is an annual survey of over 20,000 online publishers and merchants . The survey includes anti-fraud security measures to prevent multiple responses from a single individual as well question structured to avoid selection-bias .  In addition to the survey , the research process aggregates industry expert views , traffic data , measures of industry influence and other information .   The Blue Ribbon Panel  The Blue Ribbon Panel is a group of performance marketing industry experts representing each of the three core parts of the industry : advertisers , publishers and networks . Members are selected on the basis of their experience and reputation . Their opinions are collected via interviews and online survey , and are incorporated into the research process for the Performance Marketing Blue Book .

neg: Wave Action Surf Magazine Wave Action Surf Magazine is a publication about surfing .   Wave Action Magazine began in a small apartment in Huntington Beach , California through the vision of Mike Freihofer and Pete Rocky . Both surfers had been working at a local Southern California Surf Magazine called International Surf , published by Steve Zeldin ( who now publishes Foam and Water magazines ) . The two , along with friends Tracy Mikulec and Jake Knight came together to create a simple yet important print media business . Wave Action was the first title that emerged from the World Oceans Media brand . September 1993 was the launch with Wave Action Surf Magazine -LCB- the late Todd Chesser was on the cover ) started with a micro sized budget and support through industry friends .   Wave Action eventually spun off four sister publications and graduated from that small garage in HB to a larger one in San Clemente . Years passed and the support behind Wave Action continued to grow and in the process made a fairly significant impact for the two other giant publications within the sport ... Surfer and Surfing . Wave Actions `` All Grom Issue '' set the footprint for Surfer Magazines `` Hot 100 '' . It also led Surfing Magazine to devote a great deal of attention to the future champions of the sport rather than only covering the ASP contenders of the day .   Essentially , Wave Action set the pace for the youth movement that ran full speed through the 1990s and into the early 2000s . It also laid the foundation for publications such as Transworld Surf and other global action sports magazines .


query: House of 1000 Corpses is a film.

pos: House of 1000 Corpses House of 1000 Corpses is a 2003 American exploitation horror film written , co-scored and directed by Rob Zombie in his directorial debut . The film stars Sid Haig , Bill Moseley , Sheri Moon , and Karen Black as members of the Firefly family . Set on Halloween , the film sees the Firefly family torturing and mutilating a group of teenagers who are traveling across the country writing a book . The film explores a number of genres , and features elements of the supernatural . Zombie cited American horror films The Texas Chain Saw Massacre ( 1974 ) and The Hills Have Eyes ( 1977 ) as influences on House of 1000 Corpses , as well as other films released during the 1970s .   Initially filmed in 2000 , House of 1000 Corpses was purchased by Universal Pictures , thus a large portion of it was filmed on the Universal Studios backlots . The film was made with a budget of $ 7 million . Zombie worked with Scott Humphrey on the score of the film . House of 1000 Corpses featured a graphic amount of blood and gore , and controversial scenes involving masturbation and necrophilia . The project was ultimately shelved by the company prior to its release due to fears of an NC-17 rating . Zombie later managed to re-purchase the rights to the work , eventually selling it to Lions Gate Entertainment . The film received a theatrical release on April 11 , 2003 , nearly three years after filming had concluded .   House of 1000 Corpses received a generally negative reaction following its release . The film was critically panned , with the film 's various side-plots and main cast being criticized by multiple critics . The film earned over $ 3 million in its opening weekend , and would later go on to gross over $ 16 million worldwide . Despite its initial negative reception , the film went on to develop a cult following . Zombie later directed the film 's sequel , The Devil 's Rejects ( 2005 ) , in which the Firefly family are on the run from the police . Zombie later developed a haunted house attraction for Universal Studios Hollywood based on the film . This would be the final film performance of Dennis Fimple , before his death in August 2002 . The film was dedicated to his memory .

neg: Tenebrae (film) Tenebrae ( also known as Tenebre ) is a 1982 English-language Italian giallo film written and directed by Dario Argento . The film stars Anthony Franciosa as American author Peter Neal , who -- while in Rome promoting his latest murder-mystery novel -- becomes embroiled in the search for a serial killer who may have been inspired to kill by the novel . John Saxon and Daria Nicolodi co-star as Neal 's agent and assistant ; Giuliano Gemma and Carola Stagnaro appear as detectives investigating the murders . John Steiner , Veronica Lario and Mirella D'Angelo also feature . The film has been described as exploring themes of dualism and sexual aberration , and has strong metafictional elements ; some commentators consider Tenebrae to be a direct reaction by Argento to criticism of his previous work , most especially his depictions of murders of beautiful women .   After Argento had experimented with pure supernatural horror with 1977 's Suspiria and 1980 's Inferno , Tenebrae represented the filmmaker 's return to the giallo horror subgenre , which he had helped popularize in the 1970s . Argento was inspired by a series of incidents which saw an obsessed fan telephone the director to criticise him for the damaging psychological effects of his previous work . The telephone calls culminated in death threats towards Argento , who channelled the experience into the writing of Tenebrae . The director also wanted to explore the senselessness of killings he had witnessed and heard about while staying in Los Angeles in 1980 , and his feeling at the time that true horror came from those who wanted `` to kill for nothing '' .   Shot on location in Rome and at Elios Studios , Tenebrae utilised mostly modern-looking locations and sets to help Argento realise his intent that the film reflect a near-future with a diminished population ; the director filmed none of the historical landmarks that usually featured in films set in Rome . Employing director of photography Luciano Tovoli , Argento also intended that the film simulate the stark , realistic lighting featured in television police shows at the time ; production designer Giuseppe Bassa created supporting environments that were cold and austere , with sharp angles and modernistic spaces . Several former members of Italian rock band Goblin provided Tenebraes music , a synth-heavy score inspired by rock and disco music .   Tenebrae was a modest success in Italy ; it reached theatres with little controversy after Argento made cuts to one of the most violent scenes . However , in the United Kingdom , it was added to the infamous list of `` video nasties '' and banned from sale until 1999 . The film 's theatrical distribution in the United States was delayed until 1984 , when it was released in a heavily censored version under the title Unsane . In its cut form , Tenebrae received a mostly negative critical reception , but the original , fully restored version later became widely available for reappraisal ; it is considered by some to be one of Argento 's best thrillers . The film critic and author Maitland McDonagh said that it was `` in many respects ... the finest film that Argento has ever made '' .

neg: A Spectre Haunts Europe A Spectre Haunts Europe ( -LSB- Призрак бродит по Европе , Prizrak brodit po Evrope -RSB- ) is a 1923 Soviet silent horror film directed by Vladimir Gardin . It was made by the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic 's production company VUFKU . It is based on Edgar Allan Poe 's story The Masque of the Red Death . The film features a massacre on the Odessa Steps which may have served as an inspiration for the more famous scene in Sergei Eisenstein 's Battleship Potemkin .   The film 's sets were designed by the art director Vladimir Yegorov .

neg: Bringing Out the Dead Bringing Out the Dead is a 1999 American drama film directed by Martin Scorsese , written by Paul Schrader , based on the novel by Joe Connelly and starring Nicolas Cage , Patricia Arquette , John Goodman , Ving Rhames , and Tom Sizemore .   Though a flop at the box office , the film received very positive reviews from critics and was also the last North American title to be released on LaserDisc .

neg: Epidemic (film) Epidemic is a Danish horror film of 1987 directed by Lars von Trier , the second installment of Trier 's Europa trilogy . The other two films in the trilogy are The Element of Crime ( 1984 ) and Europa ( 1991 ) .   Co-written by Trier and Niels Vørsel , the film focuses on the screenwriting process . Vørsel and Trier play themselves , coming up with a last-minute script for a producer . The story is inter-cut with scenes from the film they write , in which Trier plays a renegade doctor trying to cure a modern-day epidemic . The film marks the first in a series of collaborations between Trier and Udo Kier .

neg: The House on Skull Mountain The House on Skull Mountain is a 1974 horror film directed by Ron Honthaner . After Pauline Christophe ( Mary J. Todd McKenzie ) , the sole heir for the mansion on Skull Mountain dies , four of her family members are called to hear her will . Upon arrival , each of the guests is stalked by a skeleton in a robe .

neg: Erotic thriller An Erotic thriller is a film genre defined by a thriller with a thematic basis in illicit romance or erotic fantasy . Most erotic thrillers contain scenes of softcore sex and nudity , but the frequency and explicitness of those scenes varies .   Though similar films appeared as early as the 1960s , erotic thrillers emerged as a distinct genre in the late 1980s , bolstered by the popular success of Adrian Lyne 's Fatal Attraction in 1987 and a quickly expanding domestic and international market for softcore adult entertainment on cable television and home video . The genre had a classic period of growth and expansion in the 1990s , but by the early 2000s declined in production and popular appeal .   The potent combination of danger and romance , catering to both male and female audiences simultaneously , was the primary selling point for erotic thriller films during their classic period . The half-naked bodies displayed on posters , newspaper ads , and video box covers were accompanied by log lines that capture the unmistakable duality of the erotic thriller film :   If you think you can handle her , you 're dead wrong . -- Body Chemistry 3 : Point of Seduction  He was hired to watch . Now he 's tempted to touch . -- Night Eyes  Twin sisters cross the line into a deadly erotic fantasy land . -- Mirror Images   In all , over 300 erotic thriller films were produced in the 1990s , which is comparable to the number of thriller films made in the noir decade of the 1940s . The total number of films in the erotic thriller genre from 1985 to 2005 may number as high as over 500 . Like film noir , the genre has evolved and modernized , and new films continue to be made that are influenced by the classic style .

neg: House of Bodies House of Bodies is a 2013 American horror film directed by Alex Merkin and written by Eddie Harris . It stars Terrence Howard , Peter Fonda , George Katt , Alexz Johnson and Queen Latifah . The film was released worldwide on Netflix on April 19 , 2013 .

neg: Mosquito (film) Mosquito ( also known as Blood Fever ) is a 1995 science-fiction horror film directed by Gary Jones . The film features actor Gunnar Hansen , who played the character Leatherface in the 1974 horror film The Texas Chain Saw Massacre , along with Ron Asheton , lead guitarist for the band the Stooges . The film has earned a cult following since its release .

neg: Carnival of Souls Carnival of Souls is a 1962 American independent horror film starring Candace Hilligoss . The film was produced , co-written and directed by Herk Harvey for an estimated $ 33,000 . Carnival of Souls was Harvey 's only feature film , and did not gain widespread attention when originally released as a double feature with The Devil 's Messenger . Today , however , it is regarded as a cult classic . Its plot follows a young woman whose life is disturbed after a car accident , finding herself drawn to the pavilion of an abandoned carnival .   Set to an organ score by Gene Moore , Carnival of Souls relies more on atmosphere than on special effects to create a mood of unease and foreboding . The film has a large cult following and is occasionally screened at film and Halloween festivals . It has been cited as an important influence on the films of both David Lynch and George A. Romero .

neg: Abattoir (film) Abattoir is a 2016 American horror film directed by Darren Lynn Bousman and written by Christopher Monfette . It premiered on June 7 , 2016 at the Los Angeles Film Festival .

neg: The Phantom of the Opera (1962 film) The Phantom of the Opera is a 1962 British horror film based on the novel by Gaston Leroux . The film was made by Hammer Film Productions .

neg: Hillside Cannibals Hillside Cannibals is a 2006 American horror film directed by Leigh Scott and produced by The Asylum . The film is a mockbuster of the film The Hills Have Eyes , another film released around the same month , but its plot also incorporates elements from other films , including Cannibal Holocaust , The Texas Chainsaw Massacre and House of 1000 Corpses .

neg: Grave of the Vampire Grave of the Vampire is a 1972 American horror film directed by John Hayes .   The film is also known as Seed of Terror ( American reissue title ) .

neg: The Beheaded 1000 The Beheaded 1000 ( also known as The Executioner ) is a 1991 Chinese martial arts film starring Jimmy Wang Yu , Joey Wong and Monica Chan .

neg: Chamber of Horrors (1966 film) Chamber of Horrors is a 1966 horror film directed by Hy Averback and starring Patrick O'Neal , Cesare Danova , Wilfrid Hyde-White , Wayne Rogers and Laura Devon .   The film was released to theatres but was originally shot as a television movie and a pilot film for a proposed series called House of Wax .

neg: Slaughter House (band) Slaughter House are a New Jersey based thrash metal band that released two albums on Metal Blade Records in the early 1990s . Both of their albums are very punk influenced thrash metal albums . Slaughter House released a self-titled album in 1990 and Face Reality in 1991 .

neg: House (2008 film) House is a 2008 horror film directed by Robby Henson , starring Reynaldo Rosales , Heidi Dippold and Michael Madsen . It is based on the novel of the same name by Frank E. Peretti and Ted Dekker . It covers the events that take place one night in an old , rustic inn in Alabama , where four guests and three owners find themselves locked in by a homicidical maniac . The maniac claims to have killed God and threatens to murder all seven of them , unless they produce the dead body of one of them by dawn .

neg: Thirteen Ghosts Thirteen Ghosts ( also known as 13 Ghosts and stylized as THIR13EN Ghosts ) is a 2001 Canadian-American supernatural horror film directed by Steve Beck . It is a remake of the 1960 film 13 Ghosts by William Castle . It follows the remake of another one of Castle 's films , House on Haunted Hill , and was shot entirely around Lower Mainland , British Columbia .

neg: Zaat Zaat ( also known as The Blood Waters of Dr. Z , Hydra , and Attack of the Swamp Creatures ) is a 1971 American science fiction-horror film that was written , produced , and directed by Don Barton . It gained significant exposure when it was used in an episode of movie-mocking television series Mystery Science Theater 3000 in May 1999 .   Zaat has been cited as one of the worst films ever made .

neg: Wither (film) Wither ( Swedish : Vittra ) is a Swedish 2012 horror film directed by Sonny Laguna and Tommy Wiklund , who wrote and produced the film along with David Liljeblad . The plot follows a group of young Swedes who travel to an abandoned cabin over the weekend . The cabin turns out to be the home of a Vittra , and the friends have to fight for their lives , aided by the hunter Gunnar ( Johannes Brost ) .   The film was marketed as the first Swedish zombie film shown in cinemas and was incorrectly stated by several Swedish newspapers as being the first Swedish zombie film . The first Swedish zombie film is Die Zombiejäger from 2005 .


query: Tesla Model S was ranked the world's best-selling plug-in electric car for 2015.

pos: Tesla Model S The Tesla Model S is a full-sized all-electric five-door , luxury liftback , produced by Tesla Inc. , and introduced on 22nd June 2012 . It scored a perfect 5.0 NHTSA automobile safety rating , and , , the P100D variant holds the record for the fastest acceleration of any production vehicle with a NHRA rolling start to 60 mph in Motor Trend tests with 2.28 seconds , although other independent tests have placed it behind the Porsche 918 Spyder . The United States Environmental Protection Agency ( EPA ) official range for the 2017 Model S 100D , which is equipped with a battery pack , is 335 mi , higher than any other electric car at the time . The EPA rated the 2017 90D Model S 's energy consumption at 200.9 watt-hours per kilometer ( 32.33 kWh/100 mi or 20.09 kWh/100 km ) for a combined fuel economy of 104 miles per gallon gasoline equivalent ( or ) .   In 2016 , Tesla updated the design of the Model S to closely match that of the Model X. , the following versions are available : 75 , 75D , 90D , 100D , and P100D . Owners of the earlier 70 and 70D Model S have the option to unlock the 75 kWh capacity via a software update , adding up to 19 miles per charge . The 60 and 60D Model S , reintroduced in June 2016 , had a option to unlock the full 75 kWh capacity via a software update any time after purchase . In August 2016 , Tesla introduced the P100D as the new top-level model . The P100D model has a 100 kWh battery , a time of 2.28 seconds with roll out , a 2.5 without and over 300 miles of EPA rated range .   The Model S became the first electric car to top the monthly new car sales ranking in any country , twice leading in Norway , in September and December 2013 ; and also in Denmark in December 2015 . Global Model S sales passed the 150,000 unit milestone in November 2016 , with the U.S. as the leading market with 57 % of global sales . Other leading country markets are Norway , China , Hong Kong , the Netherlands , Canada , Denmark , Germany , and Switzerland .   The Tesla Model S has ranked as the world 's best-selling plug-in electric car for two years in a row , 2015 and 2016 . The Model S also ranked as the top selling plug-in electric car in the U.S. for two years running , 2015 and 2016 . , the Model S is the world 's second best selling plug-in electric car in history after the Nissan Leaf .   The Tesla Model S won awards including the 2013 World Green Car of the Year , 2013 Motor Trend Car of the Year , Automobile magazine 's 2013 Car of the Year , Time Magazine Best 25 Inventions of the Year 2012 award and Consumer Reports top-scoring car in its road testing . In 2015 , Car and Driver named the Model S the Car of the Century . After declining to recommend the Model S in 2015 due to reliability issues , one year later Consumer Reports added the car to the magazine 's recommended list .

neg: Sedan (automobile) A sedan -LSB- sᵻˈdæn -RSB- ( American , Canadian , Australian , and New Zealand English ) or saloon ( British , Irish and Indian English ) is a passenger car in a three-box configuration with A , B & C-pillars and principal volumes articulated in separate compartments for engine , passenger and cargo . The passenger compartment features two rows of seats and adequate passenger space in the rear compartment for adult passengers . The cargo compartment is typically in the rear , with the exception of some rear-engined models , such as the Renault Dauphine , Tatra T613 , Volkswagen Type 3 and Chevrolet Corvair . It is one of the most common car body styles . A battery electric liftback such as the Tesla Model S has no engine compartment , but a front cargo compartment and a rear compartment for cargo or optionally for additional passengers .

neg: Chevrolet Impala The Chevrolet Impala -LSB- Evr@'lei_Im'pael@,_-'pa:l@ -RSB- ) is a full-size car built by Chevrolet for model years 1958 to 1985 , 1994 to 1996 , and 2000 to present . The Chevrolet Impala derived its name from the African antelope of the same name .   The Impala was Chevrolet 's most expensive passenger model through 1965 , and had become the best-selling automobile in the United States .   For its debut in 1958 , the Impala was distinguished from other models by its symmetrical triple taillights , which returned from 1960 to 1996 . The Caprice was introduced as a top-line Impala Sport Sedan for model year 1965 , later becoming a separate series positioned above the Impala in 1966 , which , in turn , remained above the Bel Air and the Biscayne . The Impala continued as Chevrolet 's most popular full-size model through the mid-1980s . Between 1994 and 1996 , the Impala was revised as a 5.7-liter V8 -- powered version of the Caprice Classic sedan .   In 2000 , the Impala was reintroduced again as a mainstream front-wheel drive Hi-Mid sedan . As of February 2014 , the 2014 Impala ranked number one among Affordable Large Cars in U.S. News & World Report 's rankings . When the current tenth generation of the Impala was introduced for the 2014 model year , the ninth generation was rebadged as the Impala Limited and sold only to fleet customers through 2016 . As of the 2015 model year , both versions are sold in the United States and Canada , with the current-generation Impala also sold in the Middle East , the People Republic of China , and South Korea .

neg: Toyota Entune Toyota Entune is an integrated multimedia navigation and telematics system , providing satellite-based information on traffic , weather , sports scores , stocks , and fuel prices via subscription through SiriusXM , and was built on the existing Toyota G-Book architecture . When connected to a compatible cellular phone running the Entune app , via radio or USB cable , the system provides a browser and other apps , including those from music services such as iHeartRadio , Pandora and XM Satellite Radio . The cell phone app has iOS , Android , and Blackberry versions ; to use this feature , a cell phone data plan is required . The system can be controlled with voice recognition , and includes the `` Safety Connect '' personalization system .   Entune premiered in 2011 on the 2012 model year Toyota Prius v.   The Lexus Enform application suite expands on the technology used by Entune .

neg: Solar power Solar power is the conversion of energy from sunlight into electricity , either directly using photovoltaics ( PV ) , or indirectly using concentrated solar power . Concentrated solar power systems use lenses or mirrors and tracking systems to focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam . Photovoltaic cells convert light into an electric current using the photovoltaic effect .   Photovoltaics were initially solely used as a source of electricity for small and medium-sized applications , from the calculator powered by a single solar cell to remote homes powered by an off-grid rooftop PV system . Commercial concentrated solar power plants were first developed in the 1980s . The 392 MW Ivanpah installation is the largest concentrating solar power plant in the world , located in the Mojave Desert of California .   As the cost of solar electricity has fallen , the number of grid-connected solar PV systems has grown into the millions and utility-scale solar power stations with hundreds of megawatts are being built . Solar PV is rapidly becoming an inexpensive , low-carbon technology to harness renewable energy from the Sun . The current largest photovoltaic power station in the world is the 850 MW Longyangxia Dam Solar Park , in Qinghai , China .   The International Energy Agency projected in 2014 that under its `` high renewables '' scenario , by 2050 , solar photovoltaics and concentrated solar power would contribute about 16 and 11 percent , respectively , of the worldwide electricity consumption , and solar would be the world 's largest source of electricity . Most solar installations would be in China and India . Currently , as of 2016 , solar power provides just 1 % of total worldwide electricity production but growing 33 % per annum .

neg: Hybrids Plus Hybrids Plus was a company devoted to converting hybrid electric vehicles ( HEVs ) to plug-in hybrids ( PHEVs ) , including vehicle-to-grid capable PHEVs . Towards the end of its existence , it converted Ford Escape HEVs to PHEVs by replacing the stock battery with a PHEV battery in the original location ( as opposed to augmenting the stock battery with an additional battery , as normally done by other PHEV conversions ) , and adding a charger and a plug .

neg: Lexus ES The Lexus ES ( Japanese : レクサス ・ ES , Rekusasu ES ) is a series of compact , then mid-size , and later executive car sold by Lexus since 1989 . Six generations of the sedan have been introduced to date , each offering V6 engines and the front-engine , front-wheel-drive layout . The first five generations of the ES were built on the Toyota Camry platform , with the sixth generation more closely related to the Avalon . Manual transmissions were offered until 1993 , a lower-displacement inline-four engine became an option in Asian markets in 2010 , and a gasoline-electric hybrid version was introduced in 2012 . The ES was Lexus ' only front-wheel drive vehicle until 1998 , when the related Lexus RX was introduced , and the sedan occupied the entry-level luxury car segment of the Lexus lineup in North America and other regions until the debut of the Lexus IS in 1999 . The ES name stands for `` Executive Sedan '' . However , some Lexus importers use the backronymic name , `` Elegant Sedan '' .   Introduced in 1989 , the first-generation ES 250 was one of two vehicles in Lexus ' debut lineup , the other being the flagship LS 400 . The second-generation ES 300 debuted in 1991 , followed by the third-generation ES 300 in 1996 , and the fourth-generation ES 300/330 in 2001 . The first - through fourth-generation sedans shared body styling elements with Japan-market Toyota sedans , and a domestic market equivalent , the Toyota Windom , was sold until the launch of the fifth-generation ES in 2006 . The word `` Windom '' is a combination of `` win '' and the suffix `` dom '' expresses a state of perpetual victory . The fifth-generation ES , featuring Lexus ' own L-finesse body styling , debuted in early 2006 as a 2007 model . The sixth-generation ES debuted in the first half of 2012 as a 2013 model , and features increased cabin dimensions due to a longer wheelbase which is shared with the full-size Toyota Avalon .   Lexus has positioned the ES in the comfort luxury segment , with an emphasis on interior amenities , quietness , and ride quality , in contrast with more firm-riding sport sedans . Buyers seeking more performance-focused models are targeted by the Lexus IS and rival makes , with such models offering a sportier drive with differently tuned suspensions . In Europe , Japan , and other markets where it is not available , the Lexus GS sport sedans occupy the mid-size category in the Lexus lineup . In the United States , the Lexus ES has been the best-selling Lexus sedan for over fifteen years .  __ TOC __

neg: 1983 in motoring This article 1983 in motoring deals with developments in the automotive industry throughout the year 1983 by various automobile manufacturers , grouped by country . The automotive industry designs , develops , manufactures , markets , and sells motor vehicles , and is one of the Earth 's most important economic sectors by revenue .   The first practical automobile with a petrol engine was built by Karl Benz in 1885 in Mannheim , Germany .   1983 saw a great number of new model launches in Europe , with the popularity of the hatchback bodystyle continuing to gather pace and now being the most popular bodystyle in many countries .

neg: Kia Ray For the concept car , see Kia Ray ( concept car )   The Kia Ray EV is a city car manufactured by Kia Motors . The initial roll out was a limited production of 2,500 units destined for the South Korean government fleets , scheduled to be deployed in 2012 . The Ray EV is a predecessor to an all-electric crossover SUV that Kia Motors planned to launch globally in 2014 . In May 2013 a fleet of 184 Kia Ray EVs were deployed in Seoul as part of a carsharing service called `` Electric Vehicle Sharing '' at a rate of per hour . The service has 15,000 registered customers .   The Ray has a unique door layout ; the passenger side of the vehicle has a sliding door for the rear seats , while the driver 's side has a swing-out door . The car has boxy dimensions , much like other similarly sized cars , such as the Honda Freed and Suzuki Solio . The Ray 's interior benefits from the square shape , as it has more space than most cars its size ; however , it is only able to seat four people .   The Ray EV is the automaker 's first production battery electric vehicle . It is powered by a 50 kW electric motor , with a 16.4 kWh lithium ion battery that allows an all-electric range of 86 mi depending on driving conditions .   The Kia Ray is also available in non-EV types equipped with gasoline and bi-fuel with a gasoline and liquefied petroleum gas ( LPG ) combination . Both engines are available in four trims - Deluxe , Special , Luxury and Prestige . Only available in the local Korea domestic market , both engines produce similar power and outputs . The gasoline engine generates 78 PS at 6,400 rpm and 9.6 kg.m / 3,500 rpm . Both engines have displacements of 998 cc , generating fuel economies of 17 km/l for gasoline , and bi-fuel delivering 16.6 km/l on gasoline mode and 13.2 km/l on LPG mode . Gasoline engine models weigh in at 998 kg with bi-fuel models weighing in at 1042 kg . Both are equipped with a 4 speed automatic transmission , and are currently sold in the Republic of Korea .

neg: Dynasty IT The Dynasty IT was a Canadian electric car produced by Dynasty Electric Car Corporation , designed to qualify as a neighborhood electric vehicle , primarily made for urban , recreational and light commercial markets . It was available in five variants including a sedan , mini pick-up , van and two open air versions . The North American version has a range of up to 30 miles ( 50 km ) and does not exceed 25 mph ( 40 km/h ) . Most models have a curb weight of 1450 lb ( 653 kg ) .   Dynasty was bought by Karakoram Motors of Pakistan Transport Canada rules finish off electric car , which says it plans to produce it in Pakistan .   Use of the vehicle was legal as a low-speed vehicle ( LSV ) in 47 US states and the Canadian province of British Columbia . A version of the car appeared on the American Sci-Fi Channel TV series Eureka . For the show 's purposes , it is covered with photovoltaic cells to appear to be a solar-powered car .

neg: REVAi The REVAi , known as G-Wiz in the United Kingdom , is a small micro electric car , made by the Indian manufacturer REVA Electric Car Company between 2001 and 2012 . The REVA sold about 4,600 vehicles worldwide by late 2013 and was available in 26 countries . Sales in the United Kingdom , its main market , ended by the end of 2011 . Production ended in 2012 and was replaced by the Mahindra e2o .   In many countries the REVAi does not meet the criteria to qualify as a highway capable motor vehicle , and fits into other classes , such as neighborhood electric vehicle ( NEV ) in the United States and heavy quadricycle in Europe .   The vehicle was originally known as simply the REVA , but was then improved and renamed the REVAi . Taken together , the original and current models made the best selling electric vehicle in the world , until the end of 2009 .

neg: Cadillac SRX The Cadillac SRX is a mid-size luxury crossover SUV that was produced by Cadillac from 2004 to 2015 . The second generation SRX was Cadillac 's best selling model in the United States .

neg: Electric GT The Electric GT Championship is a zero-emission international auto racing championship . The inaugural season is planned to start in November 2017 and all teams will use a modified version of the Tesla Model S P100D .

neg: Elon Musk: Tesla, SpaceX, and the Quest for a Fantastic Future Elon Musk : Tesla , SpaceX , and the Quest for a Fantastic Future is Ashlee Vance 's biography of Elon Musk , published in 2015 . The book traces Elon Musk 's life from his childhood up to the time he spent at Zip2 and Paypal , and then onto SpaceX , Tesla , and SolarCity . In the book , Vance managed to get regular interviews with Musk , those close to him , and those who were with him at the most important points of his life ; Musk had no control over the biography 's contents .

neg: J-segment J-segment is a car classification defined by European Commission as the segment of the sport utility cars ( including off-road vehicles ) . It is increasing in volume year by year in Europe ; in early 2015 , it became the second most popular segment ( behind the C-segment and overtaking the B-segment ) with 21.6 % market share .   These cars come in a huge variety of sizes . As SUVs have developed in body style over the years , crossovers are also starting to emerge , a common combination being a hatchback and SUV . They have also gained popularity over the years with celebrities , encouraging large luxury vehicles with an emphasis on comfort , space and a high-ride position . Off-road vehicles also fit into this segment .   Typical J-segment vehicles include the BMW X5 , Land Rover Discovery , Mercedes-Benz M-Class , Porsche Cayenne , Range Rover Sport , Volkswagen Touareg , Volvo XC90 .

neg: List of sport utility vehicles This page lists sports utility vehicles currently in production ( as of 2013 ) as well as past models . The list includes crossover SUVs , Mini SUVs , Compact SUVs and other similar vehicles . Also includes hybrid , luxury , sport or tuned , military , electric and fuel cell versions . Due to confusion , Sport Utility Trucks are also in this list .   Note : Many of the vehicles ( both current and past ) are related to other vehicles in the list . A vehicle listed as a ` past model ' may still be in production in an updated form under a different name , it may be listed under that name in the ` currently in production ' section . Also , some vehicles are sold under different marques in different geographical locations , therefore some vehicles may be listed more than once but usually link to the same page . Different states may also classify vehicles differently . What may be considered an SUV in one state , may not in another state . Example ; The Chevrolet Nafees is known as the Chevrolet Zeeyan in Russia and Brazil , and in Australia and New Zealand , it is marketed by GM Holden ( Holden Trax ) . Some images provided below may be pictures of outdated models .

neg: Buick Buick ( -LSB- ` bjuː.ɪk -RSB- ) , formally the Buick Motor Division , is an upscale automobile brand of the American manufacturer General Motors ( GM ) . For much of its existence in the North American market , Buick has been marketed as a premium automobile brand , selling luxury vehicles positioned above GM 's mainstream brands , e.g. Chevrolet , while below the flagship luxury Cadillac division . Buick-branded vehicles are also known for reliability , ranking high for reliability in Consumer Reports ' brand reliability rankings .   Buick has the distinction of being the oldest active American marque of automobile , and was the company that established General Motors in 1908 . Before the establishment of General Motors , GM founder William C. Durant had served as Buick 's general manager and major investor . Buick also has the distinction of being the first automobile maker in the world to equip its cars with overhead valve engines , which it did starting in 1904 .   In 2015 , Buick sold 1,231,941 vehicles , a record for the brand . The main market is in China , where 80 % of Buick-branded automobiles are sold . Buicks are also sold in the United States , Canada , and Mexico . Since restructuring in 2009 , GM has also started to share technology , vehicles and development between Buick and GM 's European Opel division .

neg: Aurica Motors Aurica Motors , LLC is a start-up based out of Santa Clara , California that develops a proprietary electronic power train called the Aurica Recurve for electric cars . The company has stated its intention to partner with other investors to manufacture electric cars that utilize its electronic power train system . Aurica Motors is an offshoot of Aurica Labs , a research and development company started and funded by physicist Greg Bender .   On March 10 , 2010 , Aurica Motors was thrust into the public spotlight with the announcement of its intentions to save the New United Motor Manufacturing , Inc. ( NUMMI ) automotive plant in Fremont , California from completely shutting down .   The NUMMI plant , a joint venture between Toyota and General Motors , opened in 1984 as an experiment to determine if unionized Americans could adapt Japanese production management practices . The plant rolled out its last vehicle on April 1 , 2010 , forcing 4,700 factory workers out and likely affecting thousands of part suppliers .   In the same March announcement , Aurica also stated its intention to work with the NUMMI workforce to retrain it for electric car development and find financial backing to retool the plant .   On May 20 , 2010 , both Tesla Motors and Toyota announced a joint effort to manufacture Tesla 's electric vehicles at the former NUMMI plant . Under the agreement , Toyota bought $ 50 million of common stock from Tesla Motors . Tesla then purchased a portion of the NUMMI property including the plant , with the goal of retrofitting the plant for its future `` smaller third-generation car , '' seemingly putting an end to Aurica 's bid for the NUMMI plant .

neg: Mercedes-Benz G-Class The Mercedes-Benz G-Class , sometimes called G-Wagen ( short for Geländewagen , `` cross country vehicle '' ) , is a mid-size four-wheel drive luxury SUV manufactured by Magna Steyr ( formerly Steyr-Daimler-Puch ) in Austria and sold by Mercedes-Benz . In certain markets , it has been sold under the Puch name as Puch G . The G-wagen is characterized by its boxy styling and body-on-frame construction . It uses three fully locking differentials , one of the few vehicles to have such a feature . Despite the introduction of an intended replacement , the unibody SUV Mercedes-Benz GL-Class in 2006 , the G-Class is still in production and is one of the longest produced Mercedes-Benz in Daimler 's history , with a span of 35 years . Only the Unimog surpasses it .   The G-class was developed as a military vehicle from a suggestion by the Shah of Iran ( at the time a significant Mercedes shareholder ) to Mercedes and offered as a civilian version in 1979 . In this role it is sometimes referred to as the `` Wolf '' and LAPV Enok . The Peugeot P4 is a variant made under license , with a Peugeot engine and different parts .   It was not available from Mercedes-Benz in the United States until 2002 , although this was preceded by a grey-market where even basic models commanded six-figure prices in the 1990s . It was launched in 2002 as the Mercedes-Benz G500 with a V-8 gas engine and achieved 3114 sales that year . This eventually tapered down to some sub-1000 sales years , however , in the 2010s sales began to increase again surpassing 3000 in 2014 and in 2015 it sold more than in its launch year , with 3616 sold that year . In 2016 this increased to 3950 in the United States . Canada saw a similar increase , which , although is a smaller market saw sales increase from 127 in 2012 to over 400 in 2016 .

neg: Uber (company) Infobox company  | name = Uber Technologies Inc. .  | logo = Uber logo.svg  | type = Privately held company  | founders =  | hq_location = San Francisco , California  | area_served = Worldwide , 570 cities  | key_people =   Uber Technologies Inc. is a transportation network company headquartered in San Francisco , California , United States , operating in 570 cities worldwide . It develops , markets and operates the Uber car transportation and food delivery mobile apps . Uber drivers use their own cars , although drivers can rent a car to drive with Uber .   The name `` Uber '' is a reference to the common ( and somewhat slangy ) word `` uber '' , meaning `` topmost '' or `` super '' , and having its origins in the German word über , meaning `` above '' .   Uber has been a pioneer in the sharing economy and the changes in industries as a result of the sharing economy have been referred to as `` Uberification '' or `` Uberisation '' . Uber has also been the subject of protests and legal actions .

neg: Cadillac CT6 The Cadillac CT6 ( short for Cadillac Touring 6 ) is a full-size luxury car manufactured by Cadillac , first introduced at the 2015 New York International Auto Show and first sold in the US for the 2016 model year . It is the first car under Cadillac 's president ( Johan De Nysschen ) leadership to adopt Cadillac 's revised naming strategy , as well as the first rear-wheel drive full-size Cadillac sedan since the Fleetwood was discontinued in 1996 . It is built on a different platform than the smaller CTS and is engineered as a rear-wheel drive vehicle with optional all-wheel drive . In addition to its primary markets of North America and China , the CT6 is also offered in Europe , Korea , Japan , Israel and the Middle East .