query: Loki is a god in mythology.

pos: Loki In Norse mythology , Loki ( Anglicized ( -LSB- ˈloʊki -RSB- ) ) , Loptr , or Hveðrungr is a god or jötunn ( or both ) . Loki is the son of Fárbauti and Laufey , and the brother of Helblindi and Býleistr . By the jötunn Angrboða , Loki is the father of Hel , the wolf Fenrir , and the world serpent Jörmungandr . By his wife Sigyn , Loki is the father of Narfi and/or Nari . By the stallion Svaðilfari , Loki is the mother -- giving birth in the form of a mare -- to the eight-legged horse Sleipnir . In addition , Loki is referred to as the father of Váli in Prose Edda , though this source also refers to Odin as the father of Váli twice , and Váli is found mentioned as a Son of Loki only once .   Loki 's relation with the gods varies by source ; Loki sometimes assists the gods and sometimes behaves in a malicious manner towards them . Loki is a shape shifter and in separate incidents he appears in the form of a salmon , a mare , a fly , and possibly an elderly woman named Þökk ( Old Norse ` thanks ' ) . Loki 's positive relations with the gods end with his role in engineering the death of the god Baldr and Loki is eventually bound by Váli with the entrails of one of his sons . In both the Poetic Edda and the Prose Edda , the goddess Skaði is responsible for placing a serpent above him while he is bound . The serpent drips venom from above him that Sigyn collects into a bowl ; however , she must empty the bowl when it is full , and the venom that drips in the meantime causes Loki to writhe in pain , thereby causing earthquakes . With the onset of Ragnarök , Loki is foretold to slip free from his bonds and to fight against the gods among the forces of the jötnar , at which time he will encounter the god Heimdallr and the two will slay each other .   Loki is referred to in the Poetic Edda , compiled in the 13th century from earlier traditional sources ; the Prose Edda and Heimskringla , written in the 13th century by Snorri Sturluson ; the Norwegian Rune Poems , in the poetry of skalds , and in Scandinavian folklore . Loki may be depicted on the Snaptun Stone , the Kirkby Stephen Stone , and the Gosforth Cross . Loki 's origins and role in Norse mythology , which some scholars have described as that of a trickster god , have been much debated by scholars . Loki has been depicted in or is referenced in a variety of media in modern popular culture .

neg: Hammer of the Gods (2009 film) Hammer of the Gods ( known as THOR : Hammer of the Gods ) is a 2009 made-for-TV film , directed by Todor `` Toshko '' Chapkanov and produced by Jeffery Beach and Phillip J. Roth for the Syfy channel . It tells the story of the thunder god Thor , after he defeated the Midgard Serpent and died , then was reincarnated into a mortal man . Thor , along with his two brothers and friends travel to a mysterious island at Midgard 's edge , seeking glory and fame . Upon arriving they encounter strange creatures and they start searching the island for answers . Meanwhile , Thor keeps seeing visions of a mighty warrior and a big hammer and Freyja tells him that his visions are clues . So they start searching for the hammer .

neg: Seiðr In Old Norse , seiðr ( sometimes anglicized as seidhr , seidh , seidr , seithr , seith , or seid ) was a type of sorcery which was practiced in Norse society during the Late Scandinavian Iron Age . Connected with Norse religion , its origins are largely unknown , although it gradually eroded following the Christianization of Scandinavia . Accounts of seiðr later made it into sagas and other literary sources , while further evidence has been unearthed by archaeologists . Various scholars have debated the nature of seiðr , some arguing that it was shamanic in context , involving visionary journeys by its practitioners .   Seiðr practitioners were of both sexes , although females are more widely attested , with such sorceresses being variously known as vǫlur , seiðkonur and vísendakona . There were also accounts of male practitioners , known as seiðmenn , but in practising magic they brought a social taboo , known as ergi , on to themselves , and were sometimes persecuted as a result . In many cases these magical practitioners would have had assistants to aid them in their rituals .   In pre-Christian Norse mythology , seiðr was associated with both the god Oðinn , a deity who was simultaneously responsible for war , poetry and sorcery , and the goddess Freyja , a member of the Vanir who was believed to have taught the practice to the Æsir .   In the 20th century , adherents of various modern pagan new religious movements adopted forms of magico-religious practice that include seiðr . The practices of these contemporary seiðr-workers have since been investigated by various academic researchers operating in the field of pagan studies .

neg: Leir (Marvel Comics) Leir is a fictional character in the Marvel Universe . He is one of the Celtic gods of Avalon , god of lightning and the spear . For ages , enmity existed between the gods of Avalon and the gods of Asgard .   Leir is based on Lir in Celtic mythology .

neg: Pallas (Titan) In Greek mythology , Pallas ( -LSB- / ˈpæl əs / -RSB- Πάλλας ) was one of the Titans . According to Hesiod , he was the son of Crius and Eurybia , the brother of Astraeus and Perses , the husband of Styx , and the father of Zelus ( `` Zeal '' or `` Emulation '' ) , Nike ( `` Victory '' ) , Kratos ( `` Strength '' or `` Power '' ) , and Bia ( `` Might '' or `` Force '' ) . Hyginus says that Pallas , whom he calls `` the giant '' , also fathered with Styx : Scylla , Fontes ( `` Fountains '' ) and Lacus ( `` Lakes '' ) . Pallas was sometimes regarded as the Titan god of warcraft and of the springtime campaign season .   The Homeric Hymn to Hermes makes the moon goddess Selene ( usually the daughter of the Titans Hyperion and Theia ) , the daughter of a Pallas , son of ( otherwise unknown ) Megamedes , which is possibly the same as this Pallas . Ovid uses the patronymic `` Pallantias '' or `` Pallantis '' as another name for Aurora , the Roman equivalent of the Greek Eos ( `` Dawn '' ) , who was the sister of Selene ; Ovid apparently regarding Aurora ( or Eos ) as the daughter of ( or otherwise related to ) Pallas .   The Suda in discussing Athena 's epithet `` Pallas '' suggests a possible derivation `` from brandishing ( pallein ) the spear '' . The geographer Pausanias reports that Pellene , a city in Achaea , was claimed by its inhabitants to be named after Pallas , while the Argives claimed it was named for the Argive Pellen .

neg: Thor (volcano) Thor is an active volcano on Jupiter 's moon Io . It is located on Io 's anti-Jupiter hemisphere at . A major eruption with high thermal emission and a large , volcanic plume was observed during a Galileo flyby on August 6 , 2001 , when the spacecraft flew through the outer portions of the plume allowing for direct sampling . The eruption continued into Galileo 's next flyby in October 2001 . As seen during high-resolution images taken during the eruption , Thor consists of a series of dark lava flows emanating from a set of nearby volcanic depressions . Before the eruption , the area consisted of red-brown plains , composed of irradiated sulfur , typical of Io 's mid - to high-northern latitudes and a set of yellow flows , possibly consisting of sulfur or silicate flows covered by diffuse sulfur deposits . During the New Horizons encounter in February 2007 , Thor was still active , with the spacecraft observing thermal emission in the near-infrared and a volcanic plume at the volcano .   Thor was named in 2006 by the International Astronomical Union ( IAU ) after the Norse god of thunder , Thor .

neg: Askeladden Askeladden ( Norwegian `` Ash Lad '' ) is the main character in many Norwegian folktales . In some ways , he represents the small man who succeeds where all others fail . He always wins in the end , often winning the princess and half the kingdom . The origin of this character was compared by scholars to the one of the old Norse god Loki as a fire Vættir . In some retellings , Askeladden is renamed Boots .

neg: Fimafeng Fimafeng is a servant of Ægir in Norse mythology . His name means `` quick service '' or `` handy service . '' In the Lokasenna , Fimafeng and Eldir did a good job of welcoming guests to a feast for the Æsir being hosted by Ægir . Loki was jealous of the praise being heaped upon them and killed Fimafeng . This caused the Norse gods to expel Loki from the party . Loki returns to the party and offers an elaborate series of insults ( flyting ) of the gods .   Category : Servants in Norse mythology

neg: Thor In Norse mythology , Thor ( -LSB- θɔr -RSB- from Old Norse Þórr ) is a hammer-wielding god associated with thunder , lightning , storms , oak trees , strength , the protection of mankind , and also hallowing and fertility . The cognate deity in wider Germanic mythology and paganism was known in Old English as Þunor and in Old High German as Donar ( runic þonar ) , stemming from a Common Germanic * Þunraz ( meaning `` thunder '' ) .   Ultimately stemming from Proto-Indo-European religion , Thor is a prominently mentioned god throughout the recorded history of the Germanic peoples , from the Roman occupation of regions of Germania , to the tribal expansions of the Migration Period , to his high popularity during the Viking Age , when , in the face of the process of the Christianization of Scandinavia , emblems of his hammer , Mjölnir , were worn and Norse pagan personal names containing the name of the god bear witness to his popularity .   Into the modern period , Thor continued to be acknowledged in rural folklore throughout Germanic regions . Thor is frequently referred to in place names , the day of the week Thursday ( `` Thor 's day '' from Old English Thunresdæg , ` Thunor 's day ' ) bears his name , and names stemming from the pagan period containing his own continue to be used today .   In Norse mythology , largely recorded in Iceland from traditional material stemming from Scandinavia , numerous tales and information about Thor are provided . In these sources , Thor bears at least fourteen names , is the husband of the golden-haired goddess Sif , is the lover of the jötunn Járnsaxa , and is generally described as fierce eyed , red haired and red bearded . With Sif , Thor fathered the goddess ( and possible valkyrie ) Þrúðr ; with Járnsaxa , he fathered Magni ; with a mother whose name is not recorded , he fathered Móði , and he is the stepfather of the god Ullr . The same sources list Thor as the son of the god Odin and the personified earth , Jörð , and by way of Odin , Thor has numerous brothers . Thor has two servants , Þjálfi and Röskva , rides in a cart or chariot pulled by two goats , Tanngrisnir and Tanngnjóstr ( that he eats and resurrects ) , and is ascribed three dwellings ( Bilskirnir , Þrúðheimr , and Þrúðvangr ) . Thor wields the mountain-crushing hammer , Mjölnir , wears the belt Megingjörð and the iron gloves Járngreipr , and owns the staff Gríðarvölr . Thor 's exploits , including his relentless slaughter of his foes and fierce battles with the monstrous serpent Jörmungandr -- and their foretold mutual deaths during the events of Ragnarök -- are recorded throughout sources for Norse mythology .   Thor has inspired numerous works of art and references to Thor appear in modern popular culture . Like other Germanic deities , veneration of Thor is revived in the modern period in Heathenry .

neg: Háttatal The Háttatal ( -LSB- ˈhauʰtaˌtʰaːl -RSB- , conversation of meters ; c. 20,000 words ) is the last section of the Prose Edda composed by the Icelandic poet , politician , and historian Snorri Sturluson . Using , for the most part , his own compositions , it exemplifies the types of verse forms used in Old Norse poetry . Snorri took a prescriptive as well as descriptive approach ; he has systematized the material , and often notes that `` the older poets did not always '' follow his rules .   Most of the forms depend on number of syllables per line , as well as assonance , consonance , and alliteration . Although end rhyme is represented , it does not function in the ways most modern English speakers expect ( forms include AAAAAAAA , and AAAABBBB ) , and plays a very minor role . Understanding this work will be much easier if the First Grammatical Treatise is also available to hand .   Many scholars have suggested that the form of Háttatal suggests a classical influence deriving from the traditions of Christian learning to which Snorri was doubtlessly exposed . Others have argued that this is a result of using a logical approach , within the framework of a dialog , and that some aspects of the work prove that it was not directly influenced by classical writings .

neg: Finnish flood myth In the Kalevala rune entitled `` Haava '' ( The Wound , section 8 ) , Väinämöinen attempts a heroic feat that results in a gushing wound , the blood from which covers the entire earth . This deluge is not emphasized in the Kalevala version redacted by Elias Lönnrot , but the global quality of the flood is evident in original variants of the rune . In one variant collected in Northern Ostrobothnia in 1803/04 , the rune tells :   The blood came forth like a flood  the gore ran like a river :  there was no hummock  and no high mountain  that was not flooded  all from Väinämöinen 's toe  from the holy hero 's knee . ''   Matti Kuusi notes in his analysis that the rune 's motifs of constructing a boat , a wound , and a flood have parallels with flood myths from around the world .   According to Anna-Leena Siikala , Väinämöinen 's legs are of mythological and cosmogonic significance throughout Finnish mythology . For example , it is originally on Väinämöinen 's knee that the primordial water-fowl first lays the world egg .

neg: Igaluk In Inuit mythology , Igaluk is one of the most powerful gods of the pantheon . He is a lunar deity . In Greenland , he is known as Aningan .

neg: Ogre An ogre ( feminine ogress ) is a term used in myth and folk tales for a variety of abominable and brutish hominid monsters , informally large , unpleasant , grotesque , predatory , and typically cannibalistic towards normal human beings , infants , and children . Ogres and similar creatures feature in mythology , folklore , and fiction around the world , appearing in many classic works of literature and fairy tales .   Ogres vary in size depending on the depiction , ranging from moderately large and heavyset by human standards to inhuman and disproportionate giants . Common features include oversized heads and mouths , animal-like bodily hair , discolored skin , extreme physical strength , a voracious appetite , and a generally hideous appearance , odor , and manner . Ogres overlap heavily with giants in mythology and may be considered a subtype thereof ; they also overlap with human cannibals in fiction . The villainous giant in `` Jack and the Beanstalk '' and `` Jack the Giant Killer '' matches an ogre in description and is sometimes directly termed an ogre in variants , and other man-eating giants such as those in The BFG and the Giant Despair in The Pilgrim 's Progress are highly comparable .   Further examples of famous folktales featuring ogres include Puss in Boots abd `` Hop-o ' - My-Thumb '' ; while the most famous ogres in modern fiction are the eponymous main character Shrek and his wife Fiona from the animated comedy film series of the same name . Other characters and monsters sometimes comparable to or described as ogres in trait include the titular husband in `` Bluebeard '' , the Beast from `` Beauty and the Beast '' , `` Beowulf 's '' enemy Grendel , the Cyclops Polyphemus from Homer 's Odyssey , the related cyclops in the tales of `` Sinbad the Sailor '' , and the oni of Japanese folklore .

neg: Ki (goddess) Cuneiform KI ( Borger 2003 nr . 737 ; U +121 A0 ) is the sign for `` earth '' . It is also read as GI5 , GUNNI ( = KI.NE ) `` hearth '' , KARAŠ ( = KI.KAL.BAD ) `` encampment , army '' , KISLAḪ ( = KI.UD ) `` threshing floor '' or steath , and SUR7 ( = KI.GAG ) . In Akkadian orthography , it functions as a determiner for toponyms and has the syllabic values gi , ge , qi , and qe .   As an earth goddess in Sumerian mythology , Ki was the chief consort of An , the sky god . In some legends Ki and An were brother and sister , being the offspring of Anshar ( `` Sky Pivot '' ) and Kishar ( `` Earth Pivot '' ) , earlier personifications of heaven and earth .   By her consort Anu , Ki gave birth to the Anunnaki , the most prominent of these deities being Enlil , god of the air . According to legends , heaven and earth were once inseparable until Enlil was born ; Enlil cleaved heaven and earth in two . An carried away heaven . Ki , in company with Enlil , took the earth .   Some authorities question whether Ki was regarded as a deity since there is no evidence of a cult and the name appears only in a limited number of Sumerian creation texts . Samuel Noah Kramer identifies Ki with the Sumerian mother goddess Ninhursag and claims that they were originally the same figure .   She later developed into the Babylonian and Akkadian goddess Antu , consort of the god Anu ( from Sumerian An ) .

neg: Thor (Marvel Comics) Thor Odinson is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The character , based on the Norse mythological deity of the same name , is the Asgardian god of thunder and possesses the enchanted hammer Mjolnir , which grants him the ability of flight and weather manipulation amongst his other superhuman attributes .   Debuting in the Silver Age of Comic Books , the character first appeared in Journey into Mystery # 83 ( Aug. 1962 ) and was created by editor-plotter Stan Lee , scripter Larry Lieber , and penciller-plotter Jack Kirby . He has starred in several ongoing series and limited series , and is a founding member of the superhero team the Avengers , appearing in each volume of that series . The character has also appeared in associated Marvel merchandise including animated television series , clothing , toys , trading cards , video games , and movies .   The character was first portrayed in live action by Eric Allan Kramer in the 1988 television movie The Incredible Hulk Returns . Chris Hemsworth portrays Thor in the Marvel Cinematic Universe films Thor , The Avengers , Thor : The Dark World and Avengers : Age of Ultron and will reprise his role in Thor : Ragnarok , Avengers : Infinity War , and its untitled sequel . Thor placed 14th on IGN 's list of `` Top 100 Comic Book Heroes of All Time '' in 2011 , and first in their list of `` The Top 50 Avengers '' in 2012 .

neg: Odin from Lejre Odin from Lejre is a small cast silver figurine from approximately 900 C.E. , depicting an individual on a throne wearing a floor-length dress , an apron , four bead necklaces , a neck ring , a cloak and a rim-less hat . Two birds are seated on the armrests and the back of the throne features the heads of two animals . The figurine has inlay of black niello ( black coloured alloy ) and some gilding . The figure measures 18 mm in height and weights 9 grams . The figurine was found by local amateur archaeologist Tommy Olesen on September 2 , 2009 , during the Roskilde Museum excavations of a small village at Gammel Lejre ( `` Old Lejre '' ) near the modern town of Lejre , Denmark . The figurine was unveiled at the Roskilde Museum on November 13 , 2009 , and is now part of the permanent exhibition .   The identity of the figure depicted has been the subject of some dispute . The excavator interpreted it as the god Odin sitting on his throne Hliðskjálf , from which he sees into all the worlds . The birds would be the ravens Huginn and Muninn , who gathered information for Odin . The beast-heads might symbolise Odin 's two wolves , Geri and Freki . However , some scholars specialising in Viking Age dress and gender representation have pointed out that the person is dressed entirely in female attire , resulting in theories that the figure may in fact represent either the goddesses Frigg or Freyja . Parallels have been pointed to between `` Odin from Lejre '' and a silver figure often identified as Freyja found in Aska , Sweden .

neg: Svipul In Norse mythology , Svipul ( Old Norse `` changeable '' ) is a valkyrie . Svipul is attested among valkyrie list in the poem Darraðarljóð and the longer of the two Nafnaþulur valkyrie lists in the Poetic Edda book Skáldskaparmál . In addition , the name Svipul appears as a synonym for `` battle '' in Skáldskaparmál . Rudolf Simek theorizes that the name Svipul presumably refers to the changeable nature of fate , whose directors the valkyries are represented as being , especially in Darraðarljóð .

neg: LOKI97 In cryptography , LOKI97 is a block cipher which was a candidate in the Advanced Encryption Standard competition . It is a member of the LOKI family of ciphers , earlier instances being LOKI89 and LOKI91 . LOKI97 was designed by Lawrie Brown , assisted by Jennifer Seberry and Josef Pieprzyk .   Like DES , LOKI97 is a 16-round Feistel cipher , and like other AES candidates , has a 128-bit block size and a choice of a 128 - , 192 - or 256-bit key length . It uses 16 rounds of a balanced feistel network to process the input data blocks ( see diagram right ) . The complex round function f incorporates two substitution-permutation layers in each round.The key schedule is also a Feistel structure -- an unbalanced one unlike the main network -- but using the same F-function .   The LOKI97 round function ( shown right ) uses two columns each  with multiple copies of two basic S-boxes . These S-boxes are  designed to be highly non-linear and have a good XOR profile . The  permutations before and between server to provide auto-keying and to  diffuse the S-box outputs as quickly as possible .   The authors have stated that , `` LOKI97 is a non-proprietary algorithm , available for royalty-free use worldwide as a possible replacement  for the DES or other existing block ciphers . '' It was intended to be an evolution of the earlier LOKI89 and LOKI91 block ciphers .   It was the first published candidate in the Advanced Encryption Standard competition , and was quickly analysed and attacked . An analysis of some problems with the LOKI97 design , which led to its rejection when shortlisting candidates , is given in the paper ( Rijmen & Knudsen 1999 ) . It was found to be susceptible to an effective theoretical differential cryptanalysis attack considerably faster than an exhaustive search .

neg: Pallas (Giant) In Greek mythology , Pallas was one of the Gigantes ( Giants ) , the offspring of Gaia , born from the blood of the castrated Uranus . According to the mythographer Apollodorus , during the Gigantomachy , the cosmic battle of the Giants with the Olympian gods , he was flayed by Athena who used his skin as a shield . Though the origin of Athena 's epithet `` Pallas '' is obscure , according to a fragment from an unidentified play of Epicharmus ( between c. 540 and c. 450 BC ) , Athena , after having used his skin for her cloak , took her name from the Giant Pallas .   This story , related by Apollodorus and Epicharmus , is one of a number of stories in which Athena kills and flays an opponent , with its hide becoming her aegis . For example , Euripides tells that during `` the battle the giants fought against the gods in Phlegra '' that it was `` the Gorgon '' ( possibly considered here to be one of the Giants ) that Athena killed and flayed , while the epic poem Meropis , has Athena kill and flay the Giant Asterus , using his impenetrable skin for her aegis . Another of these flayed adversaries , also named Pallas , was said to be the father of Athena , who had tried to rape her .   The late 4th century AD Latin poet Claudian in his Gigantomachia , has Pallas , as one of several Giants turned to stone by Minerva 's Gorgon shield , calling out `` What is happening to me ? What is this ice that creeps o 're all my limbs ? What is this numbness that holds me prisoner in these marble fetters ? ''   Pallas was also the name of a Titan , with whom the Giant is sometimes confused or identified .

neg: Ler (mythology) Ler ( meaning `` Sea '' in Old Irish ; Lir is the genitive form ) is a sea god in Irish mythology . His name suggests that he is a personification of the sea , rather than a distinct deity . He is named Allód in early genealogies , and corresponds to the Llŷr of Welsh mythology . Ler is chiefly an ancestor figure , and is the father of the god Manannán mac Lir , who appears frequently in medieval Irish literature . Ler appears as the titular king in the tale The Children of Lir .

neg: Gods (Marvel Comics) Gods are fictional characters appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Several characters in many stories have been referred to as gods . Generally , however , only those belonging to two specific types are considered to be the `` true '' gods . Other worlds besides Earth also have their own gods , with different origins .


query: Passengers grossed $303 million.

pos: Passengers (2016 film) Passengers is a 2016 American science fiction film directed by Morten Tyldum and written by Jon Spaihts . It stars Jennifer Lawrence , Chris Pratt , Michael Sheen , and Laurence Fishburne . The story depicts three people who are awakened some 90 years too soon from an induced hibernation on a spaceship bound for a new planet .   The film was released in the United States on December 21 , 2016 , in 2D and RealD 3D by Columbia Pictures . It grossed $ 303 million worldwide . The film was nominated for Best Original Score and Best Production Design at the 89th Academy Awards .

neg: Dallas Buyers Club Dallas Buyers Club is a 2013 American biographical drama film , co-written by Craig Borten and Melisa Wallack , and directed by Jean-Marc Vallée . The film tells the story of Ron Woodroof , an AIDS patient diagnosed in the mid 1980s when HIV/AIDS treatments were under-researched , while the disease was not understood and highly stigmatized . As part of the experimental AIDS treatment movement , he smuggled unapproved pharmaceutical drugs into Texas for treating his symptoms , and distributed them to fellow people with AIDS by establishing the `` Dallas Buyers Club '' while facing opposition from the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) . Two fictional supporting characters , Dr. Eve Saks ( Jennifer Garner ) , and Rayon ( Jared Leto ) , were composite roles created from the writer 's interviews with transgender AIDS patients , activists , and doctors .   Screenwriter Borten interviewed Woodroof in 1992 and wrote the script , which he polished with writer Wallack in 2000 , and then sold to producer Robbie Brenner . Several other actors , directors , and producers who were attached at various times to the development of the film left the project . Universal Pictures also tried to make the film , but did not . A couple of screenwriters wrote drafts that were rejected . In 2009 , producer Brenner involved Matthew McConaughey , because of his Texas origins , the same as Woodroof 's . Brenner selected the first draft , written by Borten and Wallack , for the film , and then Vallée was set to direct the film . Principal photography began on November 11 , 2012 , in New Orleans , Louisiana , continuing for 25 days of filming , which also included shooting in Baton Rouge . Brenner and Rachel Winter co-produced the film . The official soundtrack album was featured by various artists , and was released digitally on October 29 , 2013 , by the Relativity Music Group .   Dallas Buyers Club premiered at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival and was released theatrically in the United States on November 1 , 2013 , by Focus Features , strategically entering wide release on November 22 for award season . The film grossed over $ 27 million domestically and $ 27.9 million internationally , the box office revenue returned over $ 55 million against a budget of $ 5 million in 182-days of a theatrical run . It grossed over $ 4.5 million from DVD , and over $ 3 million from Blu-ray sales . The film received universal critical acclaim , resulting in numerous accolades . Most praised the performances of McConaughey and Leto , who received the Academy Award for Best Actor and for Best Supporting Actor , respectively , at the 86th Academy Awards , making this the first film since Mystic River ( 2003 ) , and only the fifth movie ever , to win both awards . The film also won the award for Best Makeup and Hairstyling , and garnered nominations for Best Picture , Best Original Screenplay , and Best Editing .

neg: Palmetto (train) The Palmetto is a passenger train service operated by Amtrak over the 829 mi from New York City south to Savannah , Georgia , via the Northeast Corridor to Washington , D.C. , then via Richmond , Virginia , Fayetteville , North Carolina , and Charleston , South Carolina . The Palmetto is a shorter version of the Silver Meteor , which continues south to Miami , Florida . Between 1996 and 2002 this service was called the Silver Palm . Although currently a day train , in the past the Palmetto provided overnight sleeper service to Florida .   During fiscal year 2011 , the Palmetto carried nearly 200,000 passengers , an increase of 3.8 % from FY2010 . The train had a total revenue of $ 16,438,480 during FY2011 , a 7 % increase over FY2010 .

neg: Transport finance Transport finance is the subject that explores how transport networks are paid for .   The timing of the money required to finance transport is a principal issue . Many projects are `` pay-as-you-go '' , that is infrastructure , which lasts many years , is expected to be paid out of ongoing cash flow . Other projects are financed with bonds raised in capital markets . Bonds must be secured with an expected future cash flow .   The cash flow , required for either pay-as-you-go or for bonds , must be raised . Common sources are user fees , such as gas taxes , and tolls . Other sources are general revenue . This issue is related to who bears the burden : users or the general public . Even if users bear the burden , that class must be subdivided , e.g. users during peak times or off-peak , freight or passenger traffic , urban or rural users , residents or non-residents ( many toll plazas are located on the state line to maximize revenue from non-residents ) .   A third issue concerns the full costs of transportation . There are monetary costs , which are financed with money , as considered above , but there are also non-monetary costs ( sometimes called hidden costs ) , which are paid for by people 's time , by clean air , by peace and quiet , etc. . See the discussion of externalities for a fuller explication of non-monetary costs .

neg: Eastern Air Lines Flight 304 Eastern Air Lines Flight 304 , a Douglas DC-8 flying from New Orleans International Airport to Washington Dulles International Airport , crashed on February 25 , 1964 . All 51 passengers and 7 crew were killed . Among the dead were American opera singer and actor Kenneth Lee Spencer and Marie-Hélène Lefaucheux , a women 's and human rights activist and member of the French delegation to the United Nations .   Flight 304 , which had originated in Mexico City , left New Orleans International Airport for Atlanta at 2:01 a.m. , Central Standard Time , and disappeared from radar at 2:10 a.m. Visibility was good , although there was a light rain . The winds were calm . The Coast Guard and other searchers sighted the wreckage around dawn in Lake Pontchartrain , about 20 mi northeast of New Orleans .   The subsequent investigation concluded that the jet crashed into Lake Pontchartrain en route due to `` degradation of aircraft stability characteristics in turbulence , because of abnormal longitudinal trim component positions . ''   The water was only 20 ft deep , yet only 60 percent of the wreckage was recovered because the breakup was so extensive . The flight data recorder tape was too damaged to help the investigation . Instead , investigators used the maintenance records of the crashed aircraft and of other DC-8s , to conclude that the pilots had trimmed the horizontal stabilizer to the full nose-down position , to counter the excessive nose-up attitude that , in turn , was caused by a malfunctioning pitch trim compensator that had extended too far . Once the upset occurred , it was not possible to trim the horizontal stabilizer back to the nose-up position , because of the severe G-forces generated by the crew 's pulling back on the yoke after the upset .

neg: Pilot (Friday Night Lights) `` Pilot '' is the first episode of the sports drama television series Friday Night Lights . The episode premiered on the NBC network on October 3 , 2006 . It introduces the men and women involved with the Dillon Panthers , a Texas high school football team . In the pilot episode , the team is preparing for the first game of the season , which will be the first game under new head coach Eric Taylor .   The show is based on the 2004 film Friday Night Lights , which was in turn based on the 1990 non-fiction book Friday Night Lights : A Town , a Team , and a Dream by H. G. Bissinger . Peter Berg , who is Bissinger 's cousin and who directed the film , wrote and directed the pilot episode , and served as executive producer for the series . While some of the actors from the movie returned to act on the show , most of the actors were cast specifically for the television series .   Critical reception of the show was good to average , with a general appreciation for the realistic portrayal of Middle America . Generally speaking , however , there were serious doubts about whether the show would be able to stay on the air very long , though it has since gone on to complete five seasons . The episode 's viewership of just over seven million was characterized as disappointing , though it did relatively well among men aged 18 to 34 .

neg: Wicked Man's Rest Wicked Man 's Rest is the debut and sole studio album of the British band Passenger ( stylized as / Passenger . ) fronting Mike Rosenberg . The single `` Walk You Home '' taken from the album charted in Britain reaching number 134 in the UK Singles Chart .   Since the release of the album / Passenger has split up with lead singer Mike Rosenberg continuing with a solo career also under the name Passenger .

neg: Houston Film Critics Society Awards 2010 The 4th Houston Film Critics Society Awards were presented on December 18 , 2010 . These awards for `` extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Houston Film Critics Society ( HFCS ) based in Houston , Texas . The organization , founded in 2007 , includes 22 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications in the greater Houston area . The awards are co-sponsored by the Houston Film Commission , Southwest Alternate Media Project , Women in Film and Television/Houston , WorldFest , and the Houston Cinema Arts Society .   The nominations for the 2010 awards were announced on December 12 , 2010 . Eligible films do not need to have played or opened in a Houston film theater prior to the nomination deadline , merely made available to the HFCS membership at a screening or on DVD . Along with the 13 `` best of '' category awards , this year also saw the introduction of a new category for `` Worst Movies of the Year '' . The Social Network , True Grit , and 127 Hours each received six nominations , all including the Best Picture , Actor , Direction , and Original Score categories .   The Social Network was the HFCS 's most awarded film of 2010 taking top honors in the Best Picture , Best Director ( David Fincher ) , Best Actor ( Jesse Eisenberg ) , and Best Screenplay ( Aaron Sorkin ) categories . Inception was the only other film to garner multiple awards , winning both the Best Original Score ( Hans Zimmer ) and Best Cinematography ( Wally Pfister ) prizes . The other acting awards went to Natalie Portman as Best Actress for Black Swan , Hailee Steinfeld as Best Supporting Actress for True Grit , and Christian Bale as Best Supporting Actor for The Fighter . The remaining film honors went to Toy Story 3 as Best Animated Film , Restrepo as Best Documentary , and The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo as Best Foreign Language Film . `` We Are Sex Bob-Omb '' by Beck from Scott Pilgrim vs. the World was named the Best Original Song . The HFCS 's first-ever award for `` Worst Picture '' was given to Jonah Hex starring Josh Brolin .   In addition to the category awards , the HFCS presented their annual Lifetime Achievement Award to Sissy Spacek and its Humanitarian Award to George Clooney . Clooney was selected for `` selflessly using his celebrity for greater good '' . The HFCS award for Outstanding Achievement in Cinema awards were presented to Charles Dove , director of the Rice University Media Center , and Hector Luna , the founder and editor of C-47 Houston .

neg: British Airtours Flight 28M British Airtours Flight 28M was an international passenger flight , originating from Manchester International Airport 's Runway 24 in Manchester , England , en route to Corfu International Airport on the Greek island of Corfu . On 22 August 1985 , the route was being operated by Boeing 737 -- 236 registered G-BGJL , when take-off from Manchester Airport was aborted due to engine failure .   The aircraft , previously named `` Goldfinch '' , but at the time of the accident named `` River Orrin '' , had 131 passengers and six crew on the manifest . At 06:12 BST during the takeoff roll , a loud thump was heard . An engine failure had generated a fire and a plume of black smoke ensued . Takeoff was aborted and the captain ordered the evacuation of the aircraft , with 78 of the 131 passengers escaping . 53 passengers perished along with two members of the cabin crew . Most of the deaths were due to smoke inhalation .   The accident was instrumental in bringing about changes to make aircraft evacuation more effective and has been described as `` a defining moment in the history of civil aviation '' by the BBC . Acting on the recommendations of the UK 's Air Accidents Investigation Branch ( AAIB ) , which investigated the accident , the aviation industry introduced changes to the seating layout near emergency exits , fire-resistant seat covers , floor lighting , fire-resistant wall and ceiling panels , more fire extinguishers and clearer evacuation rules .

neg: List of accolades received by 127 Hours 127 Hours is a 2010 British independent biographical adventure film directed by Danny Boyle . It stars James Franco in the principal role as real-life mountain climber Aron Ralston , whose hand was trapped under a boulder in a Utah ravine for more than five days in April 2003 . Adapted from Ralston 's autobiography Between a Rock and a Hard Place , 127 Hourss screenplay was written by Boyle and Simon Beaufoy . Distributors Fox Searchlight and Pathé gave the feature limited releases in the United States and United Kingdom on 5 November 2010 and 7 January 2011 , respectively . It grossed # 35.8 million at the box office by the end of its worldwide theatrical run . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator surveyed 215 reviews and judged 93 % to be positive .  Additionally , 127 Hours appeared on more than two dozen movie reviewers ' Top Ten lists for the best movies of 2010 .   The film has received honors for its direction , music , cinematography and writing , as well as for the lead performance by Franco . At the 68th Golden Globe Awards ceremony , 127 Hours earned three nominations : for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama , Best Original Score and Best Screenplay . The picture was nominated in nine Satellite Award categories , including direction , score , sound , original song and visual effects . It also received nine nominations from the Broadcast Film Critics Association . The 64th British Academy Film Awards nominated it for eight of their awards , including Best Director , Best Editing , Best Music and Best Sound . Additionally , 127 Hours was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Film , but lost to The King 's Speech . It performed similarly at the 83rd Academy Awards , where it was nominated in six categories : Best Actor , Best Adapted Screenplay , Best Film Editing , Best Original Score , Best Original Song ( for `` If I Rise '' ) and Best Picture , but lost respectively in all categories to The King 's Speech , The Social Network , and Toy Story 3 .   Franco was named Best Actor by the New York Film Critics Online and 2010 Independent Spirit Awards . He also received recognition from the Screen Actors Guild , at their 17th annual ceremony . Franco 's arm amputation scene towards the end of 127 Hours was nominated at the viewer-voted 2011 MTV Movie Awards . Boyle 's and Beaufoy 's efforts on the movie 's script earned them nominations from the Writers Guild of America and Evening Standard British Film Awards . Along with producer Christian Colson , Boyle garnered another nomination , this time from the Producers Guild of America . The Detroit Film Critics Society honored Boyle as Best Director . Suttirat Larlarb 's input on the movie 's production design earned her one nomination from the Art Directors Guild . The film 's cinematography garnered nominations at the 2010 Houston Film Critics Awards and the 2010 San Diego Film Critics Society Awards . The American Film Institute listed 127 Hours as one of the ten best movies of 2010 .

neg: List of accolades received by Dallas Buyers Club Dallas Buyers Club is a 2013 American biographical drama film directed by Jean-Marc Vallée based on a screenplay written by Craig Borten and Melisa Wallack . Matthew McConaughey stars as Ron Woodroof , an AIDS patient who smuggles unapproved AIDS drug treatments into Texas and establishes the titular club where he distributes them amongst other AIDS sufferers whilst opposed by the Food and Drug Administration . Jared Leto and Jennifer Garner feature in supporting roles .   Dallas Buyers Club premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 7 , 2013 . Focus Features initially gave the film a limited release at nine theaters on November 1 before expanding it on November 22 to over 600 theaters in the United States and Canada . The film grossed a worldwide total of over $ 55 million on a production budget of $ 5 million . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator , surveyed 234 reviews and judged 94 % to be positive .   Dallas Buyers Club garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for the performances of actors , McConaughey and Leto . At the 86th Academy Awards , the film received six nominations , including Best Picture , Best Original Screenplay , Best Actor for McConaughey , and Best Supporting Actor for Leto . McConaughey and Leto went on to win their respective categories -- only the fifth film in Oscars history to win both awards . Hairstylist Adruitha Lee , and makeup artist Robin Mathews won for Best Makeup and Hairstyling . Mathews ' makeup budget for the film was only $ 250 . At the 71st Golden Globe Awards , McConaughey won for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama , and Leto won for Best Supporting Actor -- Motion Picture .   At the Screen Actors Guild Awards the film had three nominations ; winning Best Actor for McConaughey and Best Supporting Actor for Leto . Borten and Wallack 's screenplay was also nominated for Best Original Screenplay at the Writers Guild of America Awards . The National Board of Review named Dallas Buyers Club one of the top ten independent films of 2013 .

neg: El Al El Al Israel Airlines Ltd. ( TASE : ELAL ) , trading as El Al ( אל על , `` To the Skies '' or `` Skywards '' , إل-عال ) , is the flag carrier of Israel . Since its inaugural flight from Geneva to Tel Aviv in September 1948 , the airline has grown to serve over 50 destinations , operating scheduled domestic and international services and cargo flights within Israel and to Europe , Middle East , Americas , Africa and the Far East from its main base in Ben Gurion Airport .   El Al in principle offers only kosher in-flight meals and does not fly passengers on the Jewish Sabbath or religious holidays . El Al is the only commercial airline to equip its planes with missile defense systems , and is considered one of the world 's most secure airlines , thanks to its stringent security procedures , both on the ground and on board its aircraft . Although it has been the target of many attempted hijackings and terror attacks , only one El Al flight has ever been hijacked . As Israel 's national airline , El Al has played an important role in humanitarian rescue efforts , airlifting Jews from other countries to Israel , setting the world record for the most passengers on a commercial aircraft ( single plane record of 1,122 passengers ) by Operation Solomon when 14,500 Jewish refugees were transported from Ethiopia in 1991 .   In 2012 , El Al operated an all-Boeing fleet of 38 aircraft , flying over 4 million passengers , and employed a staff of 6,056 globally . The company 's revenues for 2011 grew to $ 2.4 billion , totalling losses of $ 49.4 million compared to a profit of $ 57 million in 2010 .

neg: Departure control system A Departure Control System ( DCS ) automates processing an airlines ' airport management operation . This includes managing the information required for airport check-in and printing boarding card , baggage acceptance , boarding , load control and aircraft checks .   Today DCS mostly ( 98 % ) manage electronic tickets via interfaces from range of devices including check-in kiosks , online check-in , mobile boarding cards , and baggage handling . DCS are able to identify , capture and update reservations from an airlines Computer Reservation System for passengers stored in a so-called Passenger Name Record ( PNR ) . A DCS is used to update reservations , typically as checked-in , boarded , flown or another status .   Additionally and increasingly a DCS for some city-pair sectors may also be connected with immigration control for visa , immigration and passenger no-fly watchlists .   Historically systems developed in North America have incorporated DCS functions as part of the reservations systems with check-in being initiated directly from the PNR . Load control ( weight and balance ) is then provided by a standalone application . Systems developed by airlines outside North America have traditionally had a separate database for DCS , requiring passenger data to be transferred from the PNR into DCS records . These systems have an integrated weight and balance capability .   So-called `` new generation '' DCSs are being developed and deployed by vendors such as Amadeus and SITA as part of the overall re-engineering of airline Passenger Services Systems . These new systems typically use a common database and a services oriented architecture that allows reservations , check-in and other services to maintain a consistent view of passenger information .   Larger international airports will have a range of DCS or a single DCS which each particular airline carrier can integrate with for streamlined operations .

neg: Midwest High Speed Rail Association The Midwest High Speed Rail Association was founded in 1993 and is based in Chicago , Illinois . The association is a 501 ( c ) 3 non-profit , member-supported organization that primarily advocates for world-class 220-mph high-speed trains linking major Midwestern cities , and supports fast , frequent and dependable trains on other routes that connect with 220-mph corridors to form a true modern regional and national rail network .   The Midwest High Speed Rail Association 's executive director , Richard Harnish , believes it is time for America to `` catch up '' with European and Asian countries in terms of using high-speed rail systems .   The Association is an active member of fourbillion.com , a coalition of advocacy organizations working to secure a $ 4 billion appropriation in 2010 for high-speed rail in the U.S. . The effort began after the US House of Representatives passed a bill that included $ 4 billion for high-speed rail . The Senate cut the allocation down to $ 1.2 billion in their version . The two bills will now move to a conference committee .  In June 2009 , The Midwest High Speed Rail Association released the first-ever transportation engineering study of a 220-mph rail corridor in the Midwest . The 220-mph high-speed link would cut the trip from Chicago to St. Louis to 1 hour and 52 minutes , and also serve O'Hare International Airport as well as key Illinois business , university and government centers in Kankakee , Champaign , Decatur , Springfield and Edwardsville . The line would cost between 12 and 13 billion dollars .   The MHSRA views the Chicago-St . Louis link as the first of a regional 220-mph high-speed rail network that would link Chicago , St. Louis , the Twin Cities , Milwaukee , Detroit , Indianapolis , Cincinnati , Cleveland , Columbus and Pittsburgh , putting more than 35 million people within a three-hour train ride of Chicago .   In a proposal to the U.S. Department of Transportation , SNCF , operator of the TGV high-speed rail network in France , estimated that a Midwestern 220-mph high-speed rail network would create 677,000 permanent jobs and 316,000 construction jobs . Automobile trips would be reduced by 4.3 billion vehicle miles each year , saving 3 million barrels of oil each year , and additionally reduce CO2 and other pollutant emissions by 1.4 million tons in 2030 . The total estimated cost for the network is $ 68.5 billion . Advocates for high-speed rail put that cost in perspective by pointing out that the Interstate Highway System cost 450 billion in 2008 dollars .   The Midwest High Speed Rail Association has been a vocal critic of libertarian and conservative activists who view MHSRA as distorting the record and facts on high-speed rail . In July 2009 , it released a document responding to statements by the Cato Institute and the Reason Foundation about high-speed rail .

neg: Space Tourists Space Tourists is a feature-length documentary of the Swiss director Christian Frei . The film had its premiere at the Zurich Film Festival in 2009 and has won the `` World Cinema Directing Award '' at the Sundance Film Festival in 2010 .

neg: Gamer (film) Gamer is a 2009 American science fiction action thriller film written and directed by Mark Neveldine and Brian Taylor . The film stars Gerard Butler as a participant in an online game in which participants can control human beings as players , and Logan Lerman as the player who controls him . Alongside Butler and Lerman , it also stars Michael C. Hall , Ludacris , Amber Valletta , Terry Crews , Alison Lohman , John Leguizamo , and Zoe Bell .   Gamer was released in North America on September 4 , 2009 , receiving generally negative reviews from critics , who found the plot , direction , and script disappointing , though its performances , effects , and action sequences were praised . It received a mixed reception from audiences , and was a box office bomb , grossing $ 42 million worldwide against a production budget of $ 50 million .

neg: Transit pass A transit pass ( North American English ) or travel card ( British English ) , often referred to as a bus pass or train pass etc. ( in all kinds of English ) , is a ticket that allows a passenger of the service to take either a certain number of pre-purchased trips or unlimited trips within a fixed period of time .   Depending on the transport network and on how much the pass is used , the pass may offer varying discounts compared with trips that are purchased individually . While transit passes can generally be purchased at full price by anyone wishing to use the services ( senior citizens , the disabled , students and some others are often able to get them at a reduced price ) many employers , colleges , and universities will subsidize the cost of them , or sometimes the full amount .   Some public transport networks will allow certain types of personnel , including police officers , fire fighters , active military , and their own employees to ride their services free with proper identification and without the need to purchase a pass .

neg: Universal Air Travel Plan Universal Air Travel Plan , Inc. ( UATP ) is the airline owned payment network accepted by thousands of merchants for air , rail , hotel and travel agency payments . UATP is owned by 30 airline shareholders , issued by 18 major airlines and accepted by over 250 merchants around the world . Established in 1936 as Air Travel Card , UATP was the first charge card issued .   UATP also connects airlines to alternative forms of payment brands such as Acculynk , bitcoin , Cash-Ticket , PayPal , Ceridian Stored Value Solutions and Ukash .   UATP continues to expand its merchant network to include hotels and car rental vendors .

neg: Middle of the market The middle of the market , often abbreviated MoM , is a terminology used by Boeing Commercial Airplanes since at least 2003 to designate the airliner market between the narrowbody and the widebody aircraft . It is a market segment of the competition between Airbus and Boeing .   In the Boeing lineup , it is situated between the largest Boeing 737 MAX-9 of 194,700 lb of maximum takeoff weight ( MTOW ) for 178 passengers in two class over a 3515 nmi range , and the smallest Boeing 787-8 of 502,500 lb for 242 passengers over a 7355 nmi range . It was previously covered by Boeing with the largest modern narrowbody , the Boeing 757 , typically the -200 for 200 passengers over 3,915 nmi with a 255,000 lb MTOW , and the smallest widebody , the seven-abreast Boeing 767 , typically the -300 ER for 269 passengers over 5,725 nmi with a 412,000 lb MTOW .   In the Airbus lineup , it is between the A321neoLR of 97 t of MTOW for 206 passengers in two class over a 4000 nmi range , and the A330neo-800 of 242 t for 257 passengers in three class over a 7500 nmi range .

neg: Ticket "t+" The Ticket `` t + '' is the standard single trip ticket for Paris public transit . It can be bought either as a single unit at the price of $ 1.90 ( $ 2 on board a bus ) , or as a pack of ten , a carnet , at the price of $ 14.50 , a discount of 24 % . The companies which operate Ticket `` t + '' are the RATP , SNCF and the Optile consortium .   The Ticket `` t + '' is not the only ticket used in Paris public transit : daily cards ( Mobilis -- or Ticket jeunes for young people on weekends ) , weekly and monthly cards ( formerly magnetic carte orange , now ( 2013 ) chip-computerized contactless Navigo semaine/mois ) , and yearly cards ( Navigo annuel and imagine R for students ) are also available . For tourists needing a pass for a specific length of time , the Paris Visite card is also available .

neg: Air Canada Flight 189 Air Canada Flight 189 was an Air Canada flight from Ottawa to Vancouver via Toronto and Winnipeg . On June 26 , 1978 , it crashed on takeoff in Toronto killing two passengers .   During takeoff at 8:15 a.m. one of the McDonnell Douglas DC-9-32 's tires burst and partially disintegrated , firing chunks of rubber into the landing gear mechanism . This set off an `` unsafe gear '' warning , prompting the pilot to abort the takeoff . The aircraft , however , was already two thirds along the length of runway 23L and travelling at 154 kn . It could not stop before the end of the runway , and plunged off the edge of an embankment still travelling at 60 kn , eventually coming to a rest in the Etobicoke Creek ravine . The plane broke in three pieces , but despite its full load of fuel did not catch fire . The accident was visible from Highway 401 , which runs alongside the south side of the airport .   The plane was destroyed and two passengers were killed : 73-year-old J. Frank Scrase of Victoria died when a rib punctured his heart , and 45-year-old Irwin Theodore Childs of North York died of suffocation when he was wedged beneath the seat in front of him . Both were seated at the site of the forward split in the fuselage . All of the other 105 passengers and crew aboard were injured .   The subsequent investigation found multiple causes of the accident . It recommended greater scrutiny be given to the tires . The pilot , Reginald W. Stewart , delayed four seconds after the warning light came on before he chose to abort the takeoff ; a more immediate decision would have prevented the accident . The investigators also criticized the level of training in emergency braking . The presence of the ravine at the end of the runway was also questioned , but nothing was done . This failure to expand the airport 's overshoot zone was raised when Air France Flight 358 plunged into the same ravine 27 years later .   Although it is customary for airlines to retire a flight number after a major incident , Air Canada continues to use Flight 189 for its Ottawa-Vancouver route and it uses a Airbus A320 aircraft instead of a DC-9 . However , the flight no longer has stopovers in Toronto and Winnipeg .


query: True Detective's second season was set in the most populous state of the United States.

pos: True Detective True Detective is an American anthology crime drama television series created and written by Nic Pizzolatto . The series , broadcast by the premium cable network HBO in the United States , premiered on January 12 , 2014 . Each season of the series is structured as a disparate , self-contained narrative , employing new cast ensembles and following various sets of characters and settings .   The first season , starring Matthew McConaughey , Woody Harrelson , Michelle Monaghan , Michael Potts , and Tory Kittles , takes place in Louisiana and follows a pair of Louisiana State Police homicide detectives , and their pursuit of a serial killer over a 17-year period . The second season , starring Colin Farrell , Rachel McAdams , Taylor Kitsch , Kelly Reilly , and Vince Vaughn , is set in California , and focuses on three detectives from three cooperating police departments and a criminal-turned-businessman as they investigate a series of crimes they believe are linked to the murder of a corrupt politician .   The first season received generally excellent reviews from critics and earned high ratings for HBO . It was nominated for and won numerous awards and other accolades , chiefly for its acting , cinematography , writing , and direction . Reception to the second season was more divided , though the show maintained high viewership for HBO .   In July 2016 , HBO head of programming Casey Bloys confirmed plans for a potential third season , stating , `` It is not dead . I talked to Nic about it and both Nic and HBO are open to another season . I do n't think Nic has a take and he 's working on some other projects . We 're open to somebody else writing it and Nic supervising it . It 's a valuable franchise , it 's not dead , we just do n't have a take for a third season yet . '' This came shortly after McConaughey said he would hypothetically be interested in reprising his role as Rust Cohle in a third season . In March 2017 , it was revealed that Pizzolatto has written the first two episodes of a potential third season and that David Milch joined the creative team .

pos: California California ( -LSB- kælᵻˈfɔːrnjə , _ - ni.ə -RSB- , ) is the most populous state in the United States and the third most extensive by area . Located on the western ( Pacific Ocean ) coast of the U.S. , California is bordered by the other U.S. states of Oregon , Nevada , and Arizona and shares an international border with the Mexican state of Baja California . The state capital is Sacramento . Los Angeles is California 's most populous city , and the country 's second largest after New York City . The Greater Los Angeles Area and the San Francisco Bay Area are the nation 's second - and fifth-most populous urban regions , respectively . California also has the nation 's most populous county , Los Angeles County , and its largest county by area , San Bernardino County .   California 's diverse geography ranges from the Pacific Coast in the west to the Sierra Nevada mountain range in the east ; and from the redwood -- Douglas fir forests in the northwest to the Mojave Desert in the southeast . The Central Valley , a major agricultural area , dominates the state 's center . Though California is well-known for its warm Mediterranean climate , the large size of the state means it can vary from moist temperate rainforest in the north , to arid desert in the interior , as well as snowy alpine in the mountains .   What is now California was first settled by various Native American tribes before being explored by a number of European expeditions during the 16th and 17th centuries . The Spanish Empire then claimed it as part of Alta California in their New Spain colony . The area became a part of Mexico in 1821 following its successful war for independence , but was ceded to the United States in 1848 after the Mexican -- American War . The western portion of Alta California then was organized as the State of California , and admitted as the 31st state on September 9 , 1850 . The California Gold Rush starting in 1848 led to dramatic social and demographic changes , with large-scale emigration from the east and abroad with an accompanying economic boom .   If it were a country , California would be the 6th largest economy in the world and the 35th most populous . It is also regarded as a global trendsetter in both popular culture and politics , and is the origin of the film industry , the hippie counterculture , the Internet , and the personal computer , among others . Fifty-eight percent of the state 's economy is centered on finance , government , real estate services , technology , and professional , scientific and technical business services . The San Francisco Bay Area has the nation 's highest median household income by metropolitan area , and is the headquarters of three of the world 's largest 40 firms by revenue , Chevron , Apple , and McKesson . Although it accounts for only 1.5 percent of the state 's economy , California 's agriculture industry has the highest output of any U.S. state .

neg: Central Alabama Central Alabama is the region in the state of Alabama that stretches 170 miles ( 270 km ) from its western border with Mississippi to the eastern border with Georgia and 136 miles ( 219 km ) from the northern border of Cullman County to the Alabama River in southern Autauga County . The region 's population was 1,870,970 as of 2008 . The Birmingham television market reaches approximately the same area .   The Valley and Ridge Province of the Appalachians consist mainly of long , low ridges such as Red Mountain , Sand Mountain , Beaver Creek Mountain , Shades Mountain , and Coldwater Mountain in this region , and make impressive backdrops in the Greater Birmingham , Gadsden , and Anniston metropolitan areas . The easternmost part of Central Alabama around Anniston has the steepest mountains and highest elevations of the region . Coldwater Mountain and Mount Cheaha make up the highest of the mountain ridges that are located in the eastern portion of the region . The Coosa River divides the easternmost portion of the region from the central portion with the Birmingham area . The westernmost portion of Central Alabama is relatively a flat region with fertile black soil called the Black Belt . The Black Warrior River and its tributaries contribute to the fertile land of the area , and also serve as a demarcation line between the western and the central portions of the region . The central portion of Central Alabama varies from rugged in the east to flat in the west . Numerous valleys are scattered throughout this region between the mountain ridges including the densely populated Jones Valley and Shades Valley . Because the central portion is more rugged compared to the westernmost portion of Central Alabama , it is also the most flood-prone . Urban sprawl has exacerbated the risk of flooding by increasing the proportion of land covered by hard surfaces , leading to greater runoff during storms .   The Black Warrior , Cahaba , and Coosa Rivers and their tributaries are among the many waterways that wind their way through the region . Other major waterways that run through the area include Choccolocco Creek , Shades Creek , and the Little Cahaba River .   Large deposits of iron ore , limestone , and coal are chief among the plentiful mineral resources found in the region . The coincidence of these three in close proximity was a major incentive for the rapid development of industry in the Birmingham District after the American Civil War .

neg: Mobile County, Alabama Mobile County is the second most-populous county in the U.S. state of Alabama . As of the 2010 census , its population was 412,992 . Its county seat is Mobile . The county is named in honor of the indigenous Maubila tribe .   Mobile County comprises the Mobile , Alabama Metropolitan Statistical Area .

neg: Crime in Washington, D.C. Crime in Washington , D.C. , is directly related to the city 's changing demographics , geography , and unique criminal justice system . The District 's population reached a peak of 982,178 in 1950 . However , shortly thereafter , the city began losing residents and by 1980 Washington had lost one-quarter of its population . The population loss to the suburbs also created a new demographic pattern , which divided affluent neighborhoods west of Rock Creek Park from more crime-ridden and blighted areas to the east .   Despite being the headquarters of multiple federal law enforcement agencies , such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation ( FBI ) and United States Drug Enforcement Administration ( DEA ) , the nationwide crack epidemic of the 1980s and 1990s greatly affected the city and led to large increases in crime . The number of homicides in Washington peaked in 1991 at 897 ( a rate of nearly 60.8 homicides per 100,000 residents ) , and the city eventually became known as the `` murder capital '' of the United States .   The crime rate started to fall in the mid-1990s as the crack cocaine epidemic gave way to economic revitalization projects . Gentrification efforts have also started to transform the demographics of distressed neighborhoods , recently leading to the first rise in the District 's population in 60 years .   By the mid-2000s , crime rates in Washington dropped to their lowest levels in over 20 years . As in many major cities , crime remains a significant factor in D.C. , especially in the city 's northwestern neighborhoods , which tend to be more affluent , draw more tourists , and have more vibrant nightlife . Violent crime also remains a problem in Ward 8 , which has the city 's highest concentration of poverty .

neg: Arizona census statistical areas The statistical areas of the United States of America comprise the metropolitan statistical areas ( MSAs ) , the micropolitan statistical areas ( μSAs ) , and the combined statistical areas ( CSAs ) currently defined by the United States Office of Management and Budget ( OMB ) .   Most recently on December 1 , 2009 , the Office of Management and Budget defined 1067 statistical areas for the United States , including six metropolitan statistical areas and four micropolitan statistical areas in the State of Arizona . The table below shows the recent population of these statistical areas and the 15 counties of Arizona .  thumb | right | 468px | An enlargeable map of the 15 counties of the State of Arizona  __ TOC __

neg: List of cities in Nevada Nevada is a state located in the Western United States . According to the 2010 United States Census , Nevada is the 36th most populous state with inhabitants but the 7th largest by land area spanning 109781.18 sqmi of land . Nevada is divided into 17 counties and contains 19 incorporated municipalities . Nevada 's incorporated municipalities cover only of the state 's land mass but are home to of its population .   Incorporated places in the state are legally described as cities , except for Carson City , which has no legal description . To incorporate , a petition for incorporation can be made to the board of county commissioners , who consider numerous geographic , demographic , and economic factors . Cities are categorized by population for the purpose of determining the number of wards and council election structure as well as the number of city clerks : cities with 50,000 or more inhabitants are population category one , cities with 5,000 or more but less than 50,000 inhabitants are population category two , and cities having less than 5,000 inhabitants are population category three .   The largest municipality by population in Nevada is Las Vegas with 583,756 residents , and the smallest municipality by population is Caliente with 1,130 residents . The largest municipality by land area is Boulder City which spans 208.52 mi2 , while Lovelock is the smallest at 0.85 mi2 .

neg: Pomona, California Pomona is a city in Los Angeles County , California , United States . Pomona is located in the Pomona Valley , between the Inland Empire and the San Gabriel Valley . As of the 2010 United States Census , the city 's population was 149,058 .

neg: Geography of Oklahoma The Geography of Oklahoma encompasses terrain and ecosystems ranging from arid plains to subtropical forests and mountains . Oklahoma contains 10 distinct ecological regions , more per square mile than in any other state by a wide margin . One of six states on the Frontier Strip , it is situated in the Great Plains and U.S. Interior Highlands region near the geographical center of the 48 contiguous states . Usually considered part of the South Central United States , Oklahoma is bounded on the east by Arkansas and Missouri , on the north by Kansas , on the northwest by Colorado , on the far west by New Mexico , and on the south and near-west by Texas .   The state has four primary mountain ranges : the Arbuckle Mountains , the Wichita Mountains , the Ozark Mountains and the Ouachita Mountains . Part of the U.S. Interior Highlands region , the Ozarks and Ouachitas form the only major highland region between the Rocky Mountains and the Appalachians .   A portion of the Flint Hills stretches into north-central Oklahoma , and in the state 's southeastern corner , Cavanal Hill is officially regarded as the world 's tallest hill ; at 1,999 feet ( 609 m ) , it fails the definition of a mountain by one foot . More than 500 named creeks and rivers make up Oklahoma 's waterways , and with 200 lakes created by dams , it holds the highest number of reservoirs in the nation .  Oklahoma covers an area of 69,898 sqmi , with 68,667 sqmi of land and 1,231 sqmi of water , making it the 20th-largest state in the United States . Generally , it is divided into seven geographical regions : Green Country , or Northeast Oklahoma , Southeastern Oklahoma , Central Oklahoma , South Central Oklahoma , Southwest Oklahoma , Northwest Oklahoma , and the Oklahoma Panhandle .

neg: Butte County, California Butte County is a county in the U.S. state of California . As of the 2010 census , the population was 220,000 . The county seat is Oroville .   Butte County comprises the Chico , CA Metropolitan Statistical Area . It is in the California Central Valley , north of the state capital of Sacramento . Butte County is known as the `` Land of Natural Wealth and Beauty . ''   Butte County is watered by the Feather River and the Sacramento River . Butte Creek and Big Chico Creek are additional perennial streams , both tributary to the Sacramento . The county is the home of California State University , Chico and of Butte College .   There are four major hospitals and the State of California defines Butte County as being inside Health Service Area 1 . A special district , the Butte County Air Quality Management District , regulates airborne pollutant emissions in the county . It does this following regional regulations , state , and federal laws . For example , in recent years , the agency changed rules that once allowed residents to burn household trash outdoors .

neg: Real Time Crime Center The Real Time Crime Center ( RTCC ) is a centralized technology center for the New York ( NYPD ) , Miami-Dade Police Department , Seattle Police Department , Metropolitan Police Department , City of St. Louis and Houston Police Departments . Its purpose is to give field officers and detectives instant information to help identify patterns and stop emerging crime .   The NYPD RTCC opened on July 18 , 2005 and provides support 24/7 . The center was built at a cost of $ 11 million . The information in the center is available to the 37,000 police officers of the New York City Police Department . The RTCC was funded in part by grants from the non-profit New York City Police Foundation .   RTCC data sources include a data warehouse in which billions of records are made available to detectives and other officers within minutes , instead of days or weeks . These include :  More than 5 million New York State criminal records , parole and probation files ,  More than 20 million New York City criminal complaints , arrests , 911/311 calls and summonses spanning five years ,  More than 31 million national crime records ,  More than 33 billion public records .   The Crime Center employs satellite imaging and mapping of New York City ( using Geographic Information System software ) precinct-by-precinct . The link analysis capacity of the RTCC can track suspects to their known addresses and point detectives to the locations where they are most likely to flee . The Real Time Crime Center was built with the oversight of integrated solution provider Dimension Data .

neg: Demographics of Alaska As of 2005 , Alaska has an estimated population of 663,661 , which is an increase of 5,906 , or 0.9 % , from the prior year and an increase of 36,730 , or 5.9 % , since the year 2000 . This includes a natural increase since the last census of 36,590 people ( 53,132 births minus 16,542 deaths ) , and an increase due to net migration of 1,181 people into the state . Immigration from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 5,800 people , and migration within the country produced a net loss of 4,619 people . More than half of the state 's population lives in Anchorage , Juneau and Fairbanks , with two-fifths in Anchorage alone . As of 1 January 2012 Alaska had a population of 731,449 , and its 2017 population is estimated at 739,818 .   With a population of 710,231 , according to the 2010 U.S. census , Alaska is the 48th most populous and least densely populated state .   For purposes of the federal census , the state is divided into artificial divisions defined geographically by the United States Census Bureau for statistical purposes only .   The center of population of Alaska is located approximately 64.37 km east of Anchorage at 61.399882 N. latitude , -148.873973 W. longitude . In 2006 , Alaska had a larger percentage of tobacco smokers than the national average , with 24 % of Alaskan adults smoking .

neg: Demographics of Texas Texas is the second most populous U.S. state , with an estimated 2017 population of 28.449 million . In recent decades , it has experienced strong population growth . Texas has many major cities and metropolitan areas , along with many towns and rural areas . Much of the population is in the major cities of Houston , San Antonio , Dallas , Fort Worth , Austin , and El Paso .

neg: Arizona Sun Corridor The Arizona Sun Corridor , shortened Sun Corridor , is a megaregion , or megapolitan area , in the southern area of the U.S. state of Arizona . The Sun Corridor is equivalent to Indiana in both size and population . It is one of the fastest growing conurbations in the country and is speculated to double its population by 2040 . The largest metropolitan areas are the Phoenix metropolitan area - Valley of the Sun - and the Tucson metropolitan area . The regions ' populace is nestled in the valley of a desert environment . Similar to Southern California , the urban area extends into Mexico , reaching the communities of Nogales and Agua Prieta .   Its population is composed of a total of five metropolitan areas : Phoenix , Tucson , Prescott , Sierra Vista-Douglas and Nogales . Out of these , two are metropolitan areas with over 1,000,000 residents : the Phoenix metropolitan area with 4,192,887 residents and the Tucson metropolitan area with 1,020,200 residents . The Arizona Sun Corridor is made up of all of Maricopa , Pinal and Pima counties , along with parts of Yavapai , Santa Cruz and Cochise counties . It is home to over 86 percent of Arizona 's population .   The Megaregion has an area a population that is about the same as the state of Indiana ( About 5.6 million people ) , and it is expected to grow to nearly 7.8 million by 2025 . By 2050 , it is projected to grow to more than twice its original size ( 12.3 million , about 118 % growth and 6.66 million additional people ) . It comprises about 2 % of the population of the entire United States , and it makes up about the same proportion of the total GDP , with an output of $ 191,036,000,000 in 2005 .   Most of the Arizona Sun Corridor is in the Sonoran Desert ; to the south of the region is the border between the United States and Mexico , and to the east is the Arizona transition zone and the Mountains of Arizona . The Southern California Megaregion is to west and is the nearest other Megaregion to the Arizona Sun Corridor .

neg: Alameda County, California Alameda County ( -LSB- ˌælə ` mi :d ə -RSB- ) is a county in the state of California in the United States . As of the 2010 census , the population was 1,510,271 , making it the 7th-most populous county in the state . Its county seat is Oakland . Alameda County is included in the San Francisco Bay Area , occupying much of the East Bay region .

neg: Demographics of San Diego County Half of the population of San Diego County lives in San Diego and Chula Vista .   Despite having a per capita income that ranks between the Los Angeles metropolitan area and the San Francisco Bay Area , San Diego County has relatively few places with a both a high population and levels of income significantly higher than its state and the United States . The San Diego metropolitan area only has two places with a both a population of over 50,000 per capita income of over $ 40,000 : Carlsbad and Encinitas . In contrast , the Los Angeles metropolitan area has 10 and the San Francisco Bay Area has 12 . ( See California locations by income . ) Even when controlling for population , the San Diego metropolitan area has unusually few large areas with high per capita incomes compared to the state 's other two major metropolitan areas . This is because much of the county 's high-income residents are concentrated in the northern part of the city of San Diego , which is reported as one unit for most demographic purposes .   The county 's largest continuous high-income urban area has the appearance of a triangle constructed from a first point on the northern edge of Carlsbad , a second point southeast of Escondido , and a third point on the southern edge of La Jolla . The region is pictured to the right . It contains all or most of the cities of Carlsbad , Encinitas , Solana Beach , Del Mar , and Poway in addition to a substantial portion of northern San Diego .

neg: Statistical area (United States) The United States federal government defines and delineates the nation 's metropolitan areas for statistical purposes , using a set of standard statistical area definitions . As of 2013 , the U.S. Office of Management and Budget ( OMB ) defined and delineated 388 metropolitan statistical areas ( MSAs ) and 541 micropolitan statistical areas ( μSAs ) in the United States and Puerto Rico . Many of these 929 MSAs and μSAs are , in turn , components of larger combined statistical areas ( CSAs ) consisting of adjacent MSAs and μSAs that are linked by commuting ties ; as of 2013 , 524 metropolitan and micropolitan areas are components of the 169 defined CSAs .   Metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas are defined as consisting of one or more adjacent counties or county equivalents with at least one urban core area meeting relevant population thresholds , plus adjacent territory that has a high degree of social and economic integration with the core , as measured by commuting ties . A metropolitan statistical area has at least one urban core with a population of at least 50,000 . In a micropolitan statistical area , the largest urban core has a population of at least 10,000 but less than 50,000 . __ TOC __

neg: Hays County, Texas Hays County is a county located on the Edwards Plateau in the U.S. state of Texas . As of the 2010 census , its official population had reached 157,107 . The county seat is San Marcos . The county is named for John Coffee Hays , a Texas Ranger and Mexican -- American War officer .   Hays County is part of the Austin-Round Rock , TX Metropolitan Statistical Area .   Hays , along with Comal and Kendall counties , was listed in 2017 of the nation 's ten fastest-growing large counties with a population of at least ten thousand . From 2015 to 2016 , Hays County , third on the national list , had nearly ten thousand new residents during the year . Comal County , sixth on the list , grew by 5,675 newcomers , or 4.4 percent . Kendall County , the second-fastest-growing county in the nation , grew by 5.16 percent . As a result of this growth , the counties have experienced new home construction , traffic congestion , and greater demand for public services . Bexar County . which includes San Antonio , grew by 1.75 percent during the year , but its sheer number of new residents exceeded 33,000 .

neg: Consolidated city-county In United States local government , a consolidated city-county is a city and county that have been merged into one unified jurisdiction . As such it is simultaneously a city , which is a municipal corporation , and a county , which is an administrative division of a state . It has the powers and responsibilities of both types of entities .   A consolidated city-county is different from an independent city , although the latter may result from consolidation of a city and a county and may also have the same powers as a consolidated city-county . An independent city is a city not deemed by its state to be located within the boundary of any county and recognized by its state as a legal territorial entity separate from surrounding or adjoining counties . A consolidated city-county differs from an independent city in that the city and county both nominally exist , although they have a consolidated government , whereas in an independent city , the county does not even nominally exist .   Not considering Hawaii , which has no independent cities , the Midwest and Upper South have the highest concentration of large consolidated city-county governments in the United States , including Indianapolis , Indiana ; Nashville , Tennessee ; Jacksonville , Florida ; Louisville , Kentucky ; Kansas City , Kansas ; and Lexington , Kentucky . Currently , the largest consolidated city-county in the United States by population is Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , while the largest by land-area is Sitka , Alaska .

neg: Luzerne County, Pennsylvania Luzerne County is a county located in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania . According to the U.S. Census Bureau , the county has a total area of 906 sqmi , of which 890 sqmi is land and 16 sqmi is water . It is Northeastern Pennsylvania 's second-largest county by total area . As of the 2010 census , the population was 320,918 , making it the most populous county in the northeastern part of the state . The county seat and largest city is Wilkes-Barre . Other populous communities include Hazleton , Kingston , Nanticoke , and Pittston . Luzerne County is included in the Scranton -- Wilkes-Barre -- Hazleton Metropolitan Statistical Area , which has a total population of 558,166 ( as of 2015 ) .   On September 25 , 1786 , Luzerne County was formed from part of Northumberland County . It was named after Chevalier de la Luzerne , a French soldier and diplomat during the 18th century . When it was founded , Luzerne County occupied a large portion of Northeastern Pennsylvania . From 1810 to 1878 , it was divided into several smaller counties . The counties of Bradford , Lackawanna , Susquehanna , and Wyoming were all formed from parts of Luzerne County .   The county gained prominence in the 19th and 20th centuries as an active anthracite coal mining region , drawing a large portion of its labor force from European immigrants . At its peak ( in 1930 ) , the county 's population was 445,109 . By the early 21st century , many factories and coal mines were closed . Like most counties in the Rust Belt , Luzerne witnessed population loss and urban decay .

neg: The Secret Life of the American Teenager (season 2) The second season of The Secret Life of the American Teenager , an American television series created by Brenda Hampton , debuted on the ABC Family television network on Monday , June 22 , 2009 at 8:00 PM . Season two regular cast members include Shailene Woodley , India Eisley , Daren Kagasoff , Francia Raisa , Kenny Baumann , Molly Ringwald , Mark Derwin , Megan Park , and Greg Finley II . Following the first season , Jorge Pallo and Luke Zimmerman were demoted to recurring guest stars . Jorge returned for a select number of episodes to wrap up his character 's storyline and eventually departed the series after its January return .   Following the success of its first season , ABC Family announced on January 31 , 2009 , plans to renew Secret Life , following the cancellation of its hit sci-fi TV show , Kyle XY . The official press release was released on February 9 with ABC Family ordering 24 episodes for season two . Season 2 began with 12 episodes broadcast starting June 22 , 2009 . Though marketed as the season finale , the mid season finale aired on September 7 , 2009 , with the second half of the season returning on January 4 , 2010 . The second 12 episodes finished their run on March 22 , 2010 .   The season premiere of Secret Life brought in the largest audience for the show so far , with a record breaking 4.68 million viewers . It brought in the second largest audience in adults 18-34 with 1.40 million viewers , behind season one 's mid-season finale . 2.10 million adults 18-49 watched `` The Big One '' along with 1.60 million females between the ages 18 -- 34 . The season premiere remains the number one scripted original premiere of Summer 2009 in Adults 18-34 . Furthermore , the mid-season premiere became ABC Family 's most watched telecast of all time with viewers ages 12 -- 34 with more than three million viewers watching . The mid-season premiere also brought in the show 's second largest audience in total viewers , with more than 4.55 million people watching .   This season , Amy Juergens must deal with juggling motherhood and high school , while her family and friends experience relationship challenges of their own .

neg: Rosedale, California Rosedale is a Census-designated place ( CDP ) in Kern County , California , United States . The population was 14,058 at the 2010 census , up from 8,445 at the 2000 census . Formerly a country town 10 mi west of Bakersfield , it is now surrounded by suburban housing and now has the highest household income in Kern County , according to Census estimates .