query: Dominick Dunne was involved in the television series The Boys in the Band.

pos: The Boys in the Band The Boys in the Band is a 1970 American drama film directed by William Friedkin . The screenplay by Mart Crowley is based on his Off-Broadway play of the same title . It is among the first major American motion pictures to revolve around gay characters and is often cited as a milestone in the history of queer cinema , and is also thought to be the first mainstream American film to use the swear word cunt .   The ensemble cast , all of whom also played the roles in the play 's initial stage run in New York City , includes Kenneth Nelson as Michael , Peter White as Alan , Leonard Frey as Harold , Cliff Gorman as Emory , Frederick Combs as Donald , Laurence Luckinbill as Hank , Keith Prentice as Larry , Robert La Tourneaux as Cowboy , and Reuben Greene as Bernard . Model/actress Maud Adams has a brief cameo appearance as a fashion model in a photo shoot segment in the opening montage .

pos: Dominick Dunne Dominick John Dunne ( October 29 , 1925 -- August 26 , 2009 ) was an American producer , writer and investigative journalist .   He began his career as a producer in film and television , noted for involvement with the pioneering gay film The Boys in the Band ( 1970 ) and the award winning drug film Panic in Needle Park ( 1971 ) . He turned to writing in the early 1970s . After the 1982 murder of his daughter Dominique , he came to focus on the ways in which wealth and high society interacts with the judicial system . A frequent contributor to Vanity Fair , Dunne also appeared regularly on television discussing crime from the 1980s to the end of his life .

neg: Boys (Australian band) Boys were a hard rock band originally from Perth , Western Australia .

neg: Rehearsal A rehearsal is an activity in the performing arts that occurs as preparation for a performance in music , theatre , dance and related arts , such as opera , musical theatre and film production . It is undertaken as a form of practising , to ensure that all details of the subsequent performance are adequately prepared and coordinated . The term `` rehearsal '' typically refers to ensemble activities undertaken by a group of people . For example , when a musician is preparing a piano concerto alone in their music studio , this is called `` practicing '' , but when they begin to practice the concerto with an orchestra , this activity is called a `` rehearsal '' . The music rehearsal takes place in a music rehearsal space .   A rehearsal may involve as few as two people , as with a small play for two actors , an art song performance by a singer and a pianist or a folk music duo of a singer and a guitar player . On the other end of the spectrum , a rehearsal can be held for a very large orchestra with over 100 performers and a choir . A rehearsal can involve only performers of one type , as in an a cappella choir show , in which a group of singers perform without instrumental accompaniment or a play involving only theatre actors ; it can involve performers of different instruments , as with an orchestra , rock band or jazz `` big band '' ; vocal and instrumental performers , as with opera and choral works accompanied by orchestra ; or a mix of actors , vocalists , instrumentalists and dancers , as with musical theatre .   Rehearsals of small groups of performers , such as small rock bands , jazz quartets or organ trios may be held without a leader ; in these cases , the performers themselves jointly determine how to run the rehearsal , which songs to practice , and so on . Some small groups may have their rehearsals led by a bandleader . Almost all mid - to large group performances have a person who leads the rehearsals ; this person may be a bandleader in a rock , country or jazz setting ; a conductor in classical music ( including in opera ) ; a director in theatre or musical theatre ; or a film director for movie rehearsals .   While the term is most commonly used in the performing arts to refer to preparation for a public presentation or show , the term is also used to refer to the preparation for other anticipated activities , such as wedding guests and couples practicing a wedding ceremony , paramedics practicing responding to a simulated emergency , or army troops practicing for an attack using a mock-up of the building they will be assaulting .

neg: The Young Ones (TV series) The Young Ones is a British sitcom , broadcast in the United Kingdom from 1982 to 1984 in two six-part series . Shown on BBC2 , it featured anarchic , offbeat humour which helped bring alternative comedy to television in the 1980s and made household names of its writers and performers . In 1985 , it was shown on MTV , one of the first non-music television shows on the fledgling channel . In a 2004 poll , it ranked at number 31 in the BBC 's list of Britain 's Best Sitcoms .

neg: Take a Seat Take A Seat is a tandem bicycle touring project created by Dominic Gill . The film was shown on television in the United Kingdom and was also released as a book .

neg: The Boys (1998 film) The Boys is a 1998 Australian drama film directed by Rowan Woods . The screenplay by Stephen Sewell is based on the play by Gordon Graham ( loosely based on the murder of Anita Cobby ) , first performed by Griffin Theatre Company directed by Alex Galeazzi .

neg: John Safran's Music Jamboree John Safran 's Music Jamboree ( or just Music Jamboree ) was a light-hearted Australian music documentary television series , hosted by John Safran for SBS television . The program was produced by Richard Lowenstein , Selin Yaman and Ghost Pictures and directed by Craig Melville , Richard Lowenstein and a number of other directors under the production company Ghost of Your Ex-Boyfriend Productions in association with SBS Independent . It screened in 2002 , and consisted of sketches and outlandish public stunts , typical of Safran 's work . The series won two Australian Film Institute Awards ; `` Best Comedy Series '' and `` Most Innovative Program Concept '' . SBS followed the series up with the similarly styled John Safran vs. God in 2004 .   An infamous stunt of the series was sneaking nine friends into an exclusive Melbourne nightclub by dressing them up as the masked American metal band , Slipknot . The producers arranged entry for the impostors by pretending to be an American management company over the phone .   Other stunts included disguising himself as well known entertainers such as Ozzy Osbourne and Prince to harass the public , sketch versions of music videos such as Eminem , the creation of Jew Town , a Jewish boy band to compete with Christian pop , and returning to Yeshivah College to pay homage to Kevin Bacon in Footloose . He also details his time in the hip-hop group Raspberry Cordial , and the related incident in which he met the Beastie Boys and the band 's former DJ attempted to steal his girlfriend at the time .   A regular segment on the series was `` The Music Mole '' . In this segment a person dressed in a large mole costume ( much like a mascot ) was interviewed by Safran . The person was reported to be an insider ( i.e. a mole ) in the music industry who would reveal little known , often controversial facts about both the Australian and international music industries .

neg: Four Men and a Dog Four Men and a Dog is an Irish traditional band that emerged in 1990 during the Belfast Folk Festival . The band plays Irish traditional music with a mixture of different other genres , including rock , jazz , blues , bluegrass , swing , salsa , polka and even rap . They originally had their name because of former singer Mick Daly 's nick ; `` The Black Dog '' . Mick is now replaced with Kevin Doherty .   They met the famous group The Band in 1994 , and recorded their album Doctor A 's Secret Remedies at Levon Helm 's studio in Woodstock , NY , with musical guests Garth Hudson and Randy Ciarlante . Rick Danko has joined Four Men and a Dog on a UK tour where they played some of The Band 's classics .

neg: Boys Brigade (band) Boys Brigade was a Canadian new wave band formed in 1981 in Toronto . The band consisted of vocalist and keyboardist Malcolm Burn , guitarist and vocalist Tony Lester , bass guitarist Wayne Lorenz , drummer Billie Brock and percussionists and backup vocalists David Porter and Jeff Packer . The nucleus of Boys Brigade grew out of Toronto punk band , Arson , which broke up when lead singer and songwriter Rude Van Steenes quit in 1981 . Boys Brigade was originally booked by Raymond Perkins ( Roots , Demics ) . The band played an eclectic collection of venues in Toronto , many of which were not known for live music at the time , including the now popular Rex Hotel and the more famous Drake Hotel .   Part of the Queen Street West scene , the band 's song `` Mannequin '' appeared on Q107 's annual compilation album of local bands , Homegrown , in 1981 . Howard Ungerleider , the lighting designer for Rush , signed a management agreement with the band that year , that was later signed over to Ray Danniels ' SRO . Geddy Lee was enlisted to produce the band 's self-titled debut album in 1983 . Engineered by Nick Blagona ( Rolling Stones ) , the sessions were stretched over six months , to accommodate Geddy 's touring schedules .   The band 's first single from that album , `` The Passion of Love '' , was moderately successful . `` Melody '' , the follow-up single , was a Top 40 hit in Canada , and `` bubbled under '' on Billboard 's US charts , peaking at No. 104 . `` Into the Flow '' appeared on the soundtrack to the Canadian film Heavenly Bodies starring Cynthia Dale the following year .   An exceptional live performance of the band for the King Biscuit Flower Hour can be heard on Wolfgang 's Vault .   However , internal tensions led the band to break up before releasing another album . Burn went on to a solo career , and is a Grammy Award winning record producer . Tones has written and produced six independent CDs to date . The first of his solo work was released in January 2006 .

neg: Kovak (band) Kovak is a British band based in Brighton . The band originally consisted of Annelies ` Abby ' Van de Velde ( vocals ) , Karl Bray ( guitars ) , Darren ` Dazza ' Bray ( drums ) and Jonny Scafidi ( bass & cello ) . Scafidi left the band in 2015 to pursue his dream of running a fish and chip shop . Their work has been hailed in the music press , racking up comparisons to Blondie , Chrissie Hynde and Duran Duran and labelled `` the UK 's answer to the Scissor Sisters . ''   The band have performed several times at Toronto 's NXNE festival and were voted `` Top 10 Critics Choice '' of NXNE by Now Magazine as well as appearing live on CP24 ′ s Noon Show in front of 1.4 million viewers .

neg: Richard Dominick Richard Dominick is the former executive producer of NBC Universal Domestic Television Distribution 's The Jerry Springer Show for almost 18 years . Dominick also served in the same capacity on The Steve Wilkos Show for its first season , as well as the truTV police series Bait Car . He now produces ( and created ) another popular truTV series , Hardcore Pawn .

neg: Arrows (TV series) Arrows was a pop television series aimed at the teen market , which aired in 1976 and 1977 in the UK .   The show was produced by British TV legend Muriel Young , and ran for two full 14-week series on the ITV network , produced by Granada Television .   The show format was that the band would perform their own songs , and would introduce the guest artists . There was also a pop dance troupe called Him and Us who were regulars on the series . Arrows consisted of ( lead singer ) Alan Merrill , ( guitarist ) Jake Hooker and ( drummer ) Paul Varley .   Guests on Arrows included such artists as Marc Bolan , The Bay City Rollers , The Drifters , Gilbert O'Sullivan , Peter Noone , Alvin Stardust , Gene Pitney , Slade , Pilot , Billy J. Kramer , The Real Thing , and many more .   The band Arrows were very popular in the teen print media in the mid-1970s , appearing in interviews and as pin-ups in all the glossy fan magazines of the day . They even had their own weekly cartoon strip which ran in Music Star magazine . A book was written about the band by Bill Harry in 1976 .

neg: London Boy Singers The London Boy Singers was an English boys ' choir which formed in 1961 . It initially drew its members from the Finchley Children 's Music Group . The choir was started at the suggestion of Benjamin Britten , who was its first president .   In the beginning the choir was run by a group of three adults : John Andrewes , who also led the Finchley Children 's Music Group , Rosamund Strode , a musician , singer and later assistant to Britten , and Jonathan Steele , deputy to George Malcolm at Westminster Cathedral . Jonathan Steele soon became the conductor and leader of the London Boy Singers .   The choir sang at the Aldeburgh Festival on a number of occasions . It sang in Westminster Abbey in the first London performance of Britten 's War Requiem in 1962 . The group performed at the Royal Albert Hall in 1964 and 1974 .   Many of its singers took part in other events , including working with the Royal Opera House ( including Britten 's ' A Midsummer Night 's Dream and the premiere of Aston 's ballet ` The Dream ' , both in 1964 ) , Covent Garden , the English Opera Group ( including a tour of the USSR in 1964 ) and many individual operas and other engagements .   The choir sang on a record of Christmas Music for HMV , released in 1965 . It also recorded an EP of songs with the London Jazz Quartet which featured on Juke Box Jury .   Britten wrote 12 Apostles : Choral Octavo and The Bitter Withy for the choir and his arrangement of King Herod and the Cock '' was dedicated to it . In 1966 , Britten severed his relationship with the group . Jonathan Steele remained its director into the 1970s . The choir no longer exists .

neg: The Bunny Boy The Bunny Boy is an album released on September 1 , 2008 , by avant-garde group The Residents . According to the group 's blog , the album is similar to their previous albums Duck Stab , The Commercial Album and Demons Dance Alone and contains `` 19 fast paced songs '' about '' -LSB- o -RSB- bsession , insanity and the coming Apocalypse '' . In addition to The Residents , frequent collaborators Nolan Cook , Carla Fabrizio and Joshua Raoul Brody also appear on the album .   A tour started in October , and a narrative Internet series also appeared on YouTube . The series concerns a character known as the Bunny Boy or Bunny , who makes videos in his secret room and puts them on YouTube . In the videos he asks viewers to help him find his brother Harvey , who went missing on the island of Patmos in Greece . Bunny encourages fans to  email him . The Residents ' official website later announced that Bunny wished his videos to be removed . Later , they uploaded the first season again via SeeOfSound , so that the advertising money would go towards Bunny 's bus ticket to Arkansas . A second season began on 16 February . The series ran for 66 episodes , which were later released on a DVD entitled Is Anybody Out There ? .

neg: Bad Boys (Inner Circle song) `` Bad Boys '' is a 1987 song by the Jamaican reggae band Inner Circle , which obtained `` high '' popularity in the United States after its re-release in 1993 , peaking at number 8 on the Billboard Hot 100 and number 7 on the Top 40 Mainstream . It is well known as the opening theme to the U.S. TV show Cops .

neg: Bull Island (TV series) Bull Island was an Irish television and radio satirical comedy show broadcast on RTÉ One and later on RTÉ Radio 1 from 1999 until 2001 .   Featuring a cast of seven Irish comedians and impressionists , the show , which aired for half an hour weekly , satirised many aspects of Irish life .   Bull Island was created by RTÉ Producer/Director John Keogh who brought Michael Sheridan , Alan Shortt & Gary Flood together to devise & co-create the format .   Some of the notable women in power at the time , such as the then Cabinet Minister , Mary O'Rourke , and the Taoiseach Bertie Ahern 's partner Celia Larkin were played by a man , and there were regular depictions of deception and skulduggery in the Dáil bar . The opposition were usually portrayed as bumbling incompetents .   Other sketches included a regular pastiche of Paddy O'Gorman and his shows which consist of interviewing people at random - Bull Island '' 's Paddy O'Gormless would do similar , but with ever more inane interviews .   A favourite sketch , which became known as the show 's signature , was an impersonation of a long-running ad for Irish discount electrical retailer PowerCity , where actors looking surprisingly like those in the adverts , wearing the same bright red jumpers , would wax enthusiastic about prices ending in 99 pence in `` Bull Island City '' . This evolved into a stream of products costing `` 99.99.99 '' as the series progressed . As a result , PowerCity removed the pence from all their prices , and regularly charge round tens or hundreds for products instead of 99s .   Although the show was met with good reviews and ratings in its first season , the reception to later seasons was mixed and the show ended in 2001 , shortly before the 2002 general election . The same team appeared providing a 30-minute radio version of the programme on RTÉ radio within weeks .   Some of the actors behind some impressions include :   Alan Shortt - Bertie Ahern , Michael D. Higgins , Gerry Adams , Michael Noonan , Micheál Martin  Frank Twomey - Mary O'Rourke , Celia Larkin , Willie O'Dea , David Trimble  Michael Sheridan - Marian Finucane , Duncan Stewart , George Lee , Ruairi Quinn , Gerry Fleming , Gerry Daly , Ian Paisley , Jackie Healy-Rae , John de Chastelain , Christy Moore  Pakie O'Callaghan - Charlie McCreevy , Desmond O'Malley , Eamon Dunphy , Charlie Bird , Brian Farrell  Elva Crowley - Mary Harney , Power City Girl , Helen Dillon  Michelle Costello - Mildred Fox , Miriam O'Callaghan  Gary Flood - Paddy O'Gorman , Daniel O'Donnell , Dickie RockBull Island '' was written by :  Catherine Maher , Pearse Lehane , Richard Carroll , Elva Crowley , Anne Geraghty , Pakie O'Callaghan , Alan Shortt , Michael Sheridan & Gary Flood .   Produced by : John Keogh , Alan Robinson .

neg: The Beatles (TV series) The Beatles is an American animated television series featuring representations of the popular English rock band of the same name . It ran from 1965 to 1969 on ABC in the U.S. ( only 1965 to 1967 was first run ; later transmissions were reruns ) . The series debuted on September 25 , 1965 and ended on September 7 , 1969 . A total of 39 episodes were produced . The series was shown on Saturday mornings at 10:30 AM EST until the 1967 third season when it was moved to 12:00 PM EST. . For the fourth season , which consisted of reruns , the series was shown at 9:30 AM EST on Sunday mornings . Each episode has a name of a Beatles song , so the story is based on its lyrics and it is also played at some time in the episode . The original series was rebroadcast in syndication by MTV in 1986 and 1987 and on the Disney Channel beginning in 1989 on Fridays at 5 PM . The series was a historical milestone as the first weekly television series to feature animated versions of real , living people .

neg: The Comedians (1971 TV series) The Comedians is a British television show of the 1970s ( later reprised in the mid-1980s and early 1990s ) produced by Johnnie Hamp of Granada Television . The show gave a stage to nightclub and working men 's club comedians of the era , including Russ Abbot , Lennie Bennett , Stan Boardman , Jim Bowen , Jimmy Bright , Duggie Brown , Mike Burton , Dave Butler , Brian Carroll , Frank Carson , Mike Coyne , Jimmy Cricket , Colin Crompton , Pauline Daniels , Charlie Daze , Vince Earl , Steve Faye , Eddie Flanagan , Stu Francis , Ken Goodwin , Jackie Hamilton , Jerry Harris , George King , Bobby Knutt , Bernard Manning , Mike McCabe , Paul Melba , Mick Miller , Hal Nolan , Tom O'Connor , Tom Pepper , Bryn Phillips , Mike Reid , George Roper , Harry Scott , Sammy Thomas , Johnny Wager , Roy Walker , Charlie Williams , Lee Wilson and Lenny Windsor .   Also featured on the TV show , were Shep 's Banjo Boys , a 7-piece band comprising ( for the first 5 series ) Charlie Bentley ( tenor banjo ) , John Drury ( sousaphone ) , Andy Holdorf ( trombone ) , John Orchard ( piano ) , John Rollings ( drums ) , Graham Shepherd ( banjo ) and Howard Shepherd ( lead banjo ) . In 1973 , the line up was Mike Dexter ( banjo ) , Tony `` Tosh '' Kennedy ( sousaphone ) , Ged Martin ( drums ) , Tony Pritchard ( trombone ) , Graham Shepherd ( banjo ) and Howard `` Shep '' Shepherd ( lead banjo ) .   The Comedians began as an experiment for Granada TV . Filmed before a live audience in Manchester , comics each performed 20-minute sets , which were then edited together into half-hour shows . Each edition featured up to ten stand-up comics .   Working men 's clubs are numerous in Britain , especially in North East England and have been a useful training ground for artists , especially comedians . Most of these clubs are affiliated to the CIU ( Working Men 's Club and Institute Union ) founded in 1862 by the Rev. Henry Solly . There are also political clubs , as well as Servicemen 's Clubs affiliated to the Royal British Legion .   It was remarkably popular during the earlier series . An LP recording of the show reached the best-seller charts , several sell-out national tours followed , including a season at the London Palladium , and the programme won the Critics ' circle Award .   The comedy frequently took the form of anecdotes or jokes and often involved racist or sexist stereotypes . Like other British comedy successes of the day , notably , Love Thy Neighbour , this kind of entertainment was acceptable on British television during this period but would not be so today . Viewing the series in retrospect it stands as a major social document of the times .   In recent years , the series has been repeated on the ( now defunct ) British satellite television channel Plus , and can now be bought on DVD , having been released by Network .

neg: Rhythm band The rhythm band is one of the primary methods of introducing children to playing music . Children are given maracas , tambourines , bells , rhythm sticks and other idiophones with which to beat out a simple rhythm while the teacher plays a song , usually on the piano . Alternatively , the teacher does not play a melody but also a rhythm instrument , so that only rhythms are played . Children can also make a rhythm band `` just for fun '' for themselves , without a teacher .   If the participants like very loud music , noisemakers like the pea whistle , the recorder head joint , the vuvuzela or the ratchet can be included into the rhythm band , as well as other very loud rhythm instruments like the snare drum .   Rhythm bands are usually found in nursery schools or kindergartens , but of course children also can make a rhythm band at home . Melodic instruments are introduced to the children in the first or second year of regular school . But in principle , a rhythm band can be made in every age , with more difficult rhrythms if the participants are older .   It is not uncommon for adult musical organizations to employ numerous rhythm players , as in Latin American music , or to distribute rhythm instruments for audience members to accompany a live performance .   Category : Early childhood education  Category : Music education

neg: The Hardy Boys (1969 TV series) The Hardy Boys is an animated series , produced by Filmation and aired Saturday mornings on ABC in 1969 . It featured the Hardy Boys , Joe and Frank , along with their friends Chubby Morton , Wanda Kay Breckenridge , and Pete Jones ( one of the first black characters to appear on Saturday morning television ) touring as a rock band while solving mysteries . The series is also notable for its opening and closing credits , in which the Hardys appeared in live action . The series debuted at the same time as Hanna-Barbera 's similarly themed Scooby-Doo , Where Are You ! , which was scheduled against the show on CBS . The series is noteworthy for including the producers rotating wheel for the first time , which would make Filmation a household name .

neg: The Baker Street Boys The Baker Street Boys is a British television series made by the BBC and first shown in 1983 . The series recounts the adventures of a gang of street urchins living in Victorian London who assist the legendary detective Sherlock Holmes in solving crimes and find themselves tackling cases of their own .


query: The Right Stuff was adapted from Tom Wolfe's book.

pos: The Right Stuff (film) The Right Stuff is a 1983 American epic historical drama film that was adapted from Tom Wolfe 's best-selling 1979 book of the same name about the Navy , Marine and Air Force test pilots who were involved in aeronautical research at Edwards Air Force Base , California , as well as the seven military pilots who were selected to be the astronauts for Project Mercury , the first manned spaceflight by the United States . The Right Stuff stars Ed Harris , Scott Glenn , Sam Shepard , Fred Ward , Dennis Quaid and Barbara Hershey . Levon Helm is the narrator in the introduction and elsewhere in the film , as well as having a co-starring role as Air Force test pilot Jack Ridley . In 2013 the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' .

neg: It's Perfectly Normal It 's Perfectly Normal : Changing Bodies , Growing Up , Sex , and Sexual Health is a children 's book about going through puberty . It is written by Robie Harris and illustrated by Michael Emberley . Harris was prompted to write it when an editor asked her to write a children 's book about HIV/AIDS , and she felt the subject needed to be treated more generally . It was first published in 1994 , and has since been translated into 30 languages .   The book is considered highly controversial and is # 12 on the American Library Association 's Most Challenged Books of 2000-2009 list . In 2007 , a woman in Lewiston , Maine made national news when she checked the local libraries ' copies out and refused to return them , claiming the book was ` pornographic ' .   The book has received awards from at least 10 distinguished publications , including Publisher 's Weekly and School Library Journal ( both named it `` Best Book of the Year '' ) , the American Library Association and the New York Times ( both named it `` Notable Book of the Year '' ) , and the San Francisco Chronicle ( listed among `` The Century 's Best Children 's Books '' ) .

neg: The Best Bad Thing The Best Bad Thing was originally a book authored by Yoshiko Uchida . A screenplay was developed and a film released in 1997 . The story is set on the U.S. west coast during 1935 when the U.S. economy was still recovering from the effects of the Great Depression . It opens in a city , then moves to a rural Cucumber farm , where the majority of the action takes place . The farm is described as along California 's central coast .

neg: Manhattan Transfer (novel) Manhattan Transfer is an American novel by John Dos Passos published in 1925 . It focuses on the development of urban life in New York City from the Gilded Age to the Jazz Age as told through a series of overlapping individual stories .   It is considered to be one of Dos Passos ' most important works . The book attacks the consumerism and social indifference of contemporary urban life , portraying a Manhattan that is merciless yet teeming with energy and restlessness . The book shows some of Dos Passos ' experimental writing techniques and narrative collages that would become more pronounced in his U.S.A. trilogy and other later works . The technique in Manhattan Transfer was inspired in part by James Joyce 's Ulysses ( 1922 ) , T. S. Eliot 's The Waste Land , and experiments with film collage by Soviet director Sergei Eisenstein .   Sinclair Lewis described it as `` a novel of the very first importance ... The dawn of a whole new school of writing . '' D. H. Lawrence called it `` the best modern book about New York '' he had ever read , describing it as `` a very complete  film ... of the vast loose gang of strivers and winners and losers which seems to be the very pep of New York . '' In a blurb for a European edition , Ernest Hemingway wrote that , alone among American writers , Dos Passos has `` been able to show to Europeans the America they really find when they come here . ''

neg: The Wrong Man The Wrong Man is a 1956 American docudrama film directed by Alfred Hitchcock and starring Henry Fonda and Vera Miles . The film was drawn from the true story of an innocent man charged with a crime , as described in the book The True Story of Christopher Emmanuel Balestrero by Maxwell Anderson and in the magazine article `` A Case of Identity '' ( Life magazine , June 29 , 1953 ) by Herbert Brean .   It is one of the few Hitchcock films based on a true story and whose plot closely follows the real-life events .   The Wrong Man had a notable effect on two significant directors : it prompted Jean-Luc Godard 's longest piece of written criticism in his years as a critic , and it has been cited as an influence on Martin Scorsese 's Taxi Driver .

neg: Selected Shorts Selected Shorts is an event at New York 's Symphony Space on the Upper West Side , in which screen and stage actors read classic and new short fiction before a live audience . The stage show began in 1985 and continues today at Symphony Space 's Peter Jay Sharp Theater .   The annual season of the live events at Symphony Space begins in the mid-fall and ends in mid-spring . There is a theme to each Selected Shorts episode and performance . Several stories are presented around each theme . The stories are always fiction , sometimes classic , sometimes new , always performed by actors from stage , screen and television who bring these short stories to life . Evenings are often co-hosted by writers , literary producers , and other interesting characters . Symphony Space 's Artistic Director Isaiah Sheffer formerly hosted the live events , although many Selected Shorts also feature guest hosts , often well-known writers , who also choose which stories will be read . Mr. Sheffer died on November 9 , 2012 at age 76 . Actor BD Wong acts as the host of the live events since the fall of 2012 .   The readings are recorded live and become the basis of a one-hour radio program , hosted by actors , authors , and entertainers such as David Sedaris , Stephen Colbert , Cynthia Nixon , Wyatt Cenac , and Jane Kaczmarek , with literary commentator Hannah Tinti of One Story Magazine , and are produced in conjunction with WNYC . The programs are distributed by Public Radio International and air on PRI-affiliated public radio stations in the United States . The radio program airs weekly throughout the year .   Originally , the program was distributed by National Public Radio . However , in October 2007 , it moved its distribution to PRI , Public Radio International .   The program 's theme is David Peterson 's `` That 's the Deal , '' performed by the Deardorf/Peterson group . Until 2011 , the radio show began and ended with the piano and cello duet `` Come to the Meadow '' by Roger Kellaway .

neg: The Theory of Everything (2014 film) The Theory of Everything is a 2014 British biographical romantic drama film directed by James Marsh and adapted by Anthony McCarten from the memoir Travelling to Infinity : My Life with Stephen by Jane Wilde Hawking , which deals with her relationship with her ex-husband , theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking , his diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( ALS , also known as Lou Gehrig 's disease or motor neurone disease ) , and his success in physics .   The film stars Eddie Redmayne and Felicity Jones with Charlie Cox , Emily Watson , Simon McBurney , Christian McKay , Harry Lloyd and David Thewlis featured in supporting roles . The film had its world premiere at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival on 7 September 2014 .   The film was acclaimed critically worldwide , with praise for the musical score , cinematography and the performance of Felicity Jones and especially Eddie Redmayne , which earned him nominations for a variety of accolades in award shows and film festivals , including the Academy Award for Best Actor . The film received four Golden Globe Award nominations , winning the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama for Redmayne and Best Original Score for Jóhannsson . It received three Screen Actors Guild Awards nominations , winning one for the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role for Redmayne . It received 10 British Academy Film Awards nominations and won Outstanding British Film , Best Leading Actor ( for Redmayne ) and Best Adapted Screenplay ( for McCarten ) .

neg: There Are Doors There Are Doors is a speculative fiction novel written by Gene Wolfe in 1988 . The narrative follows a department store salesman as he tries to track down his short-lived girlfriend . The title alludes to gateways between two worlds whose nature are explored throughout the book . There Are Doors was nominated for a Locus Fantasy Award in 1988 .

neg: A Fine Dark Line A Fine Dark Line is a 2002 novel by American writer Joe R. Lansdale . The story is set in Dumont , Texas in 1958 . This novel was issued as a limited edition by Subterranean Press and as a trade hardcover and a trade paperback by Mysterious Press . Both hardcover editions are now out of print . A trade paperback was published by Mysterious Press on October 1 , 2003 .

neg: Born on the Fourth of July (film) Born on the Fourth of July is a 1989 American biographical war drama film based on the best-selling autobiography of the same name by Vietnam War veteran Ron Kovic .   Tom Cruise plays Ron Kovic , in a performance that earned him his first Academy Award nomination . Oliver Stone ( himself a Vietnam veteran ) co-wrote the screenplay with Kovic , and also produced and directed the film . Stone wanted to film the movie in Vietnam , but because relations between the United States and Vietnam had not yet been normalized , it was instead filmed in the Philippines . The film is considered part of Stone 's `` trilogy '' of films about the Vietnam War -- following Platoon ( 1986 ) and preceding Heaven & Earth ( 1993 ) .   Born on the Fourth of July was nominated for eight Academy Awards and won two , for Best Director and Best Film Editing ; it also won four Golden Globe Awards and a Directors Guild of America Award . The film was a critical and commercial success , grossing $ 161,001,698 worldwide .

neg: The Essence of the Thing The Essence of the Thing ( 1997 ) is a novel by Australian author Madeleine St John . It was shortlisted for the Man Booker Prize in 1997 .

neg: Antidote Films For the Australian film distribution company , see Antidote Films ( Australia ) .   Antidote Films , also known as Antidote International Films , Inc. , is an independent film production company founded by producer Jeff Levy-Hinte based in the Hudson Square neighborhood of New York City . In 2008 , Antidote completed several documentaries , including Soul Power and The Dungeon Masters , both of which premiered at the 2008 Toronto International Film Festival .   Antidote produced Roman Polanski : Wanted and Desired , a documentary directed by Marina Zenovich , which was nominated for the Grand Jury Prize and winner of the Documentary Editing Award at the 2008 Sundance Film Festival , the film will be released domestically by HBO and internationally through The Weinstein Company .   Prior to this , Antidote produced several narrative films until The Last Winter , when the company shifted its focus to documentary .   Other Antidiote productions include the eco-horror thriller The Last Winter ; The Hawk Is Dying , adapted from Harry Crews ' novel and directed by Julian Goldberger ; Mysterious Skin , directed by Greg Araki ; and Thirteen , directed by Catherine Hardwicke .   In 2003 Daily Variety announced Antidote 's plans for a film adaptation of the JT LeRoy novel ` Sarah ' , to be directed by Steven Shainberg . According to The New York Times , when Shainberg learned that JT LeRoy was a literary persona and that Laura Albert was the actual author of Sarah , he decided `` to make a ` meta-film , ' a triple-layered movie that would blend the novel with the lives of its real and purported authors in a project he took to calling ` Sarah Plus . ' '' The Times also reported that this new project `` required the rights to Laura Albert 's story , rights that she in no uncertain terms refused to grant . '' In June 2007 Antidote sued Albert for fraud , claiming that a contract signed with JT LeRoy to make a feature film of Sarah was null and void . After a Manhattan jury found Albert liable in monetary damages for the tort of fraud because she had signed her nom de plume to the movie contract , The New York Times noted that Jeffrey Levy-Hinte said , `` if Ms. Albert , who never made a fortune from her literary works , could not afford to pay the judgment , he might have to consider laying claim to the rights to her past and future books . '' Levy-Hinte 's chief lawyer insisted , `` Neither Jeff nor I want to ruin Laura Albert . We just want her to behave with a little more integrity . '' After an appeal , the damages awarded were reduced by settlement with Antidote in 2009 , and Laura Albert retained the rights to her books and her life story .

neg: Tom Conti Thomas Antonio `` Tom '' Conti ( born 22 November 1941 ) is a Scottish actor , theatre director and novelist of Italian Scots descent . He has won a Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play in 1979 for his performance in Whose Life Is It Anyway ? He has also been nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actor for the 1983 film , Reuben , Reuben .

neg: The Other (novel) The Other '' is the 1971 debut novel by Thomas Tryon . Set in 1935 , the novel focuses on the sadistic relationship between two thirteen-year-old identical twin boys , one who is well-behaved , and the other , a sociopath who wreaks havoc on his family 's rural New England farm property .   Tryon , who had been a working actor prior , retired from his Hollywood career to become a novelist . Upon its release , the novel received wide critical acclaim , and was adapted into a 1972 film of the same name directed by Robert Mulligan and starring Uta Hagen . The novel was reprinted in a commemorative edition in 2012 by New York Review Books with an afterword by Dan Chaon .

neg: From Bauhaus to Our House From Bauhaus to Our House is a 1981 narrative of Modern architecture , written by Tom Wolfe .

neg: Breakfast on Pluto Breakfast on Pluto is a 1998 novel by Patrick McCabe . The book was shortlisted for the 1998 Booker Prize , and was adapted for the screen by McCabe and Neil Jordan ; Jordan directed the 2005 film . The author derived the novel 's title from the 1969 hit record Breakfast On Pluto by Don Partridge .

neg: The Father Hunt The Father Hunt is a Nero Wolfe detective novel by Rex Stout , published by the Viking Press in 1968 . `` This is the first Nero Wolfe novel in nearly two years , '' the front flap of the dust jacket reads , `` an unusual interval for the productive Rex Stout , who celebrated his eightieth birthday in December 1966 . ''

neg: Gump and Co. Gump & Co. ( or Forrest Gump and Co. ) is a 1995 novel by Winston Groom . It is the sequel to his novel Forrest Gump ( 1986 ) , and the Academy Award-winning film of the same name released in 1994 , with Tom Hanks . It was written to chronicle Forrest 's life throughout the 1980s .

neg: Stuff White People Like Stuff White People Like ( sometimes known by the initialism SWPL ) is a blog that takes a satirical aim at the interests of North American `` left-leaning , city-dwelling , white people '' . The blog was created in January 2008 by a white Canadian , Christian Lander , a Los Angeles copywriter who grew up in Toronto and graduated from McGill University in Montreal . Lander co-authored the site with his Filipino Canadian friend Myles Valentin , after Valentin teased Lander for watching the HBO television series The Wire . Lander 's blog became popular very quickly , registering over 300,000 daily hits and over 40 million total hits by the end of September 2008 .   Although the blog `` has spurred an outpouring from those who view it as offensive and racist '' , it is not about the interests of all white people , but rather a stereotype of affluent , environmentally and socially conscious , anti-corporate white North Americans , who typically hold a degree in the liberal arts . Lander claims to be lampooning contemporary versions of bohemian/hipster culture , and jokingly refers to other classes and subcultures of white people as `` the wrong kind of white people '' . Despite the site 's satirical edge , Lander regards the people he describes with affection and numbers himself among them , describing himself as `` a self-aware , left-wing person who 's not afraid to recognize the selfishness and contradictions that come on the left . '' The initialism `` SWPL '' has been adopted in some circles as a ( usually pejorative ) shorthand term for the type of people depicted on the blog .   A book ( Stuff White People Like : A Definitive Guide to the Unique Taste of Millions ) was released on July 1 , 2008 . Lander is listed as the sole author of the book , although some of its content comes from the blog posts written by Valentin . The book remained on The New York Times bestseller list for months . Lander was reportedly given a $ 300,000 advance by Random House , the book 's publisher . He released a sequel ( Whiter Shades of Pale : The Stuff White People Like , Coast to Coast from Seattle 's Sweaters to Maine 's Microbrews ) on November 23 , 2010 .

neg: A Delicate Truth A Delicate Truth is a 2013 spy novel by John le Carré . Set in 2008 and 2011 , the book features a British/American covert mission in Gibraltar and the subsequent consequences for two British civil servants .   Le Carré describes this as not only his most British novel but also his most autobiographical work in years . The author told The Daily Telegraph that he has based two of the book 's characters on himself . Le Carré sees Toby Bell as `` the thirty-something rising star of Her Majesty 's Foreign Service ... the striving ambitious fellow I fancy myself to have been at much the same age . `` whereas Sir Christopher ( `` Kit '' ) Probyn is `` a retired Foreign Office civil servant , who lives in rural Cornwall . `` the author has `` lived in a clifftop house outside St Buryan , near Land 's End , for more than 40 years . ''   The novel may be loosely based on Operation Flavius , the 1988 operation during which three members of the Provisional IRA were shot dead by the British SAS in Gibraltar .

neg: Stage Right! Stage Right ! is a professional theatre company and performing arts school located in Greensburg , Pennsylvania . Established in 1998 as an organization for young people to take classes in musical theatre by Chris Rizk , Stage Right ! also became a professional theatre company in 1999 , established by artistic director Anthony Marino , Rizk 's brother . The company produces a full season of musicals , utilizing professional actors from the Pittsburgh theatre scene as well as students from their classes .   In spring 2013 , Stage Right moved its studio a few blocks to a larger space at 105 W Fourth Street , Greensburg .   The season is supplemented with many other opportunities to utilize the talents of the students , including an `` all-county musical '' featuring students from local high school theatre programs , children 's plays , summer camp productions , and Books Come Alive ! , a series of adaptations of children 's books performed at libraries throughout the area . The company is also notable for its annual production of The Rocky Horror Show every Halloween . Many of Stage Right ! 's students have had success in Pittsburgh Public Theater 's Shakespeare Monologue and Scene Contest , as well as going on to well-respected college theatre programs such as Carnegie Mellon University , Point Park University , New York University , Seton Hill University , Syracuse University , and Shenandoah University . Stage Right ! alums have also had success in professional theatre , working in such venues as York Theatre , Off the Wall Productions , Bricolage Production Company , Pittsburgh Irish and Classical Theatre , Prime Stage Theatre , Pittsburgh Civic Light Opera , Pittsburgh Musical Theater , St. Vincent Summer Theatre , City Theatre , Terra Nova Theatre Group , MCC Theater , and 12 Peers Theater , as well as having had their work featured in the Pittsburgh New Works Festival .


query: Dhoom 3 was spearheaded by an Indian writer.

pos: Dhoom 3 Dhoom 3 ( -LSB- - hnsˈd̪ʱuːm 3 -RSB- , English : Blast 3 or Boom 3 , also abbreviated and known as D :3 and D3 ) is a 2013 Indian action thriller film written and directed by Vijay Krishna Acharya and produced by Aditya Chopra . The third installment of the Dhoom series , it features Aamir Khan as the antagonist and Katrina Kaif , with Abhishek Bachchan in the lead role reprising his role of ACP Jai Dixit and Uday Chopra reprising his role as Ali Akbar , as in the previous films of the franchise . Made on a budget of , it was the most expensive Indian film , until it was beaten by Baahubali : The Beginning . Dhoom 3 was released on 20 December 2013 , marking itself as the first Indian film to be released in the IMAX motion picture film format with Dolby Atmos surround sound .   The film went on to gross worldwide in just ten days , to become the highest-grossing Bollywood film of all time in international markets at the time and as of May 2017 is the sixth highest-grossing Indian film of all time . It was the 77th highest grossing film of 2013 worldwide . The film was screened during the 2014 International Film Festival of India in the Celebrating Dance in Indian cinema section .

pos: Vijay Krishna Acharya Vijay Krishna Acharya a.k.a. Victor or Viktor Acharya ( born 1968 ) , is an Indian dialogue , screenplay , story writer and lyricist . He is known as the writer for all three films of the Dhoom franchise , especially the third instalment Dhoom 3 which he directed . He currently works under the Yash Raj banner , which is one of the popular Bollywood production houses .

neg: Aparnaa Singh Aparna Singh is a Bollywood film writer and director .

neg: PK (film) PK is a 2014 Indian satirical science fiction comedy film . The film was directed by Rajkumar Hirani , produced by Hirani and Vidhu Vinod Chopra , and written by Hirani and Abhijat Joshi . The film stars Aamir Khan in the title role with Anushka Sharma , Sushant Singh Rajput , Boman Irani , Saurabh Shukla , and Sanjay Dutt in supporting roles . It tells the story of an alien who comes to Earth on a research mission . He befriends a television journalist and questions religious dogmas and superstitions .   The film received positive reviews and emerged as the 3rd highest-grossing Indian film of all time , and ranks as the 70th highest-grossing film of 2014 worldwide . The film has been regarded as one of the best Hindi films of 2014 . It is currently the 3rd highest-grossing Indian film of all time only behind Baahubali 2 : The Conclusion and Dangal ( film ) .   PK is the first Indian film to gross 7 billion worldwide . It is also the first Indian film to gross US$ 100 million ( Rs 630 crore ) worldwide .

neg: Aziz Mirza Aziz Mirza ( born 1947 ) is an Indian film screenwriter , director , and producer known for his works in bollywood , and television .

neg: Premchand Premchand ( -LSB- mʊnʃi preːm t͡ʃənd̪ -RSB- ) ( 31 July 1880 -- 8 October 1936 ) , better known as Munshi Premchand , Munshi being an honorary prefix , was an Indian writer famous for his modern Hindi-Urdu literature . He is one of the most celebrated writers of the Indian subcontinent , and is regarded as one of the foremost Hindustani writers of the early twentieth century . Born Dhanpat Rai , he began writing under the pen name `` Nawab Rai '' , but subsequently switched to `` Premchand '' . A novel writer , story writer and dramatist , he has been referred to as the `` Upanyas Samrat '' ( `` Emperor among Novelists '' ) by writers . His works include more than a dozen novels , around 250 short stories , several essays and translations of a number of foreign literary works into Hindi .

neg: Aatish Taseer Aatish Taseer ( born 27 November 1980 ) , is a British-born writer-journalist , and the son of Indian journalist Tavleen Singh and late Pakistani politician and businessman Salmaan Taseer .

neg: Vishal Mahadkar Vishal S. Mahadakar ( born November 30 , 1978 ) is a film director in the Indian Film Industry . After having worked on several films at Mahesh & Mukesh Bhatt 's production house , Vishesh Films , Vishal was conferred a directorial debut by the Bhatt 's in their film Blood Money , which starred Kunal Kemmu and Amrita Puri .   After Blood Money , Vishal then wrote and directed 3AM , starring Rannvijay Singh and Anindita Nayar .

neg: Dishoom Dishoom is a 2016 Indian action comedy film written and directed by Rohit Dhawan . The film stars John Abraham , Varun Dhawan and Jacqueline Fernandez with Saqib Saleem and Akshaye Khanna in supporting roles . The film 's score is composed by Abhijit Vaghani and the film 's musical numbers were composed by Pritam Chakraborty . The film was released worldwide on 29 July 2016 .

neg: Renu Saluja Renu Saluja ( Punjabi : ਰੇਣੁ ਸਲੂਜਾ , Hindi : रेणु सलुजा ) ( 5 July 1952 -- 16 August 2000 ) was an Indian film editor . In the 1980s and 1990s , she worked with both mainstream and art house Hindi cinema directors , including Govind Nihalani , Vidhu Vinod Chopra , Sudhir Mishra , Shekhar Kapoor , and Mahesh Bhatt , Vijay Singh . Her work encompassed multiple feature films , documentaries , short films , and television series .   Renu was a four-time winner of National Film Award for Best Editing for Parinda ( 1989 ) , Dharavi ( 1991 ) , Sardar ( 1993 ) and Godmother ( 1999 ) besides winning Filmfare Award for Best Editing again for Parinda ( 1989 ) and 1942 : A Love Story ( 1994 ) .

neg: Indian English literature Indian English Literature ( IEL ) refers to the body of work by writers in India who write in the English language and whose native or co-native language could be one of the numerous languages of India . Its early history began with the works of R. K. Narayan , Mulk Raj Anand and Raja Rao who contributed to Indian fiction in the 1930s . It is also associated with the works of members of the Indian diaspora , such as V. S. Naipaul , Kiran Desai , Jhumpa Lahiri , Kovid Gupta , Agha Shahid Ali , Rohinton Mistry and Salman Rushdie , who are of Indian descent .   It is frequently referred to as Indo-Anglian literature . ( Indo-Anglian is a specific term in the sole context of writing that should not be confused with Anglo-Indian ) . As a category , this production comes in the broader realm of postcolonial literature -- the production from previously colonised countries such as India .

neg: Girish Karnad Girish Raghunath Karnad ( born 19 May 1938 ) is an Indian actor , film director , writer playwright and a Rhodes Scholar , who predominantly works in South Indian cinema and Bollywood . his rise as a playwright in 1960s , marked the coming of age of modern Indian playwriting in Kannada , just as Badal Sarkar did in Bengali , Vijay Tendulkar in Marathi , and Mohan Rakesh in Hindi . He is a recipient of the 1998 Jnanpith Award , the highest literary honour conferred in India .   For four decades Karnad has been composing plays , often using history and mythology to tackle contemporary issues . He has translated his plays into English and has received acclaim . His plays have been translated into some Indian languages and directed by directors like Ebrahim Alkazi , B. V. Karanth , Alyque Padamsee , Prasanna , Arvind Gaur , Satyadev Dubey , Vijaya Mehta , Shyamanand Jalan , Amal Allana and Zafer Mohiuddin . He is active in the world of Indian cinema working as an actor , director , and screenwriter , in Hindi and Kannada cinema , earning awards along the way . He was conferred Padma Shri and Padma Bhushan by the Government of India and won four Filmfare Awards , of which three are Filmfare Award for Best Director -- Kannada and the fourth a Filmfare Best Screenplay Award .

neg: Surender Mohan Pathak Surender Mohan Pathak ( born 19 February 1940 at Khemkaran , in Tarn Taran district near Amritsar , in the Majha region of Punjab ) is an author of Hindi-language crime fiction with nearly 300 novels to his credit . His writing career , along with his full-time job in Indian Telephone Industries , Delhi , began in the early 1960s with his Hindi translations of Ian Fleming 's James Bond novels and the works of James Hadley Chase . He also wrote his own James Bond series .   His first short story , 57 saal puraana aadmi ( ५७ साल पुराना आदमी , The Man 57 Years Old ) , was published in a Hindi magazine Manohar Kahaniyaan in 1959 . His first full length novel , Purane Gunah Naye Gunahgar ( Sunil Series ) , was published in Neelam Jaasoos ( a Hindi crime fiction magazine ) in 1963 .   His major work began with what is called the `` Sunil '' series which consists of at least 115 novels . Sunil , a debonair and upright investigative journalist for the fictional daily newspaper Blast , lives in the fictional city of Rajnagar , a metropolitan city located on the coastline . Sunil has a quixotic nature when it comes to damsels in distress , which happens only too often . He is a man in his 30s , who is willing to go any lengths in pursuit of justice , mostly with help of his best friend Ramakant Malhotra , a dipsomaniac and owner of a club called Youth Club . His attempts to protect the innocent often result in Sunil ending up on the wrong side of the law , bringing him face to face with Inspector Prabhudayal , the exceptionally strict and incorruptible officer in charge of the homicide division of the Rajnagar Police .   The `` philosopher '' detective Sudhir Kumar Kohli is the protagonist of Pathak 's Sudhir Series , all narrated in the first person . Sudhir is the diametric opposite of Sunil , proudly proclaiming himself dilli ka khaas kism ka haraami who frequently enlists the help of Inspector Devender Kumar Yadav , who can easily be persuaded to do something dishonest . A recent novel of this ( in ) famous series has been translated by Giriraj Sharan ( uncredited ) and published by Diamond Books under the title The Last Goal .   However the best-known series of novels of Pathak is Vimal , a.k.a. Sardar Surender Singh Sohal , a.k.a. another dozen names he uses to camouflage his identity in the Mumbai underworld . Vimal is a Robinhood like character , who is constantly on the run from the law due to circumstances out of his control . He has taken up arms against gangsters like Rajbahadur Bakhia and , after killing him , his next avatar Iqbal Singh and then Vyaas Shankar Gajre . The Sardar has associates like Tukaram and his henchmen , like Wagle and Irfan , etc. . Vimal is not a private detective or police inspector but a criminal wanted in seven states .   In addition , Pathak has also authored several novels not belonging to any specific series , which are labelled as ` thriller ' novels irrespective of their storyline . Many collections of joke books compiled by Pathak have also been published . Several authors have been known to plagiarise or `` borrow '' heavily from his works .

neg: Sawai Singh Dhamora Sawai Singh Dhamora ( Sawai Singh Shekhawat ; born 1926 ) is a Rajasthani Poet and Writer . He wrote various Rajasthani books like Peru Prakash , Gandi Gatha , Cittaur̥a ke jauhara va śāke .

neg: Ashwin Sanghi Ashwin Sanghi ( born 25 January 1969 ) is an Indian writer in the fiction-Thriller genre . He is the author of three best-selling novels : The Rozabal Line , Chanakya 's Chant and The Krishna Key . All his books have been based on historical , theological and mythological themes . He is one of India 's best-selling conspiracy fiction writers and is an author of the new era of retelling Indian history or mythology in a contemporary context . Forbes India has included him in their Celebrity 100 list . His latest novel , The Sialkot Saga was released in April 2016 .

neg: Mujtaba Hussain Mujtaba Hussain is an Indian satirist and writer of Urdu literature . He has published several books and over 15 volumes of humor journalism , with many of them translated into Hindi , English and other languages . Apne Yaad Mein , an autobiographical satire , Urdu ke sheher urdu ke log , Behar hal , Safar lakht lakht and Mera Column are some of his notable works . The account of his life has been published as a book by Educational Publishing House , New Delhi , titled Mujtaba hussain jaisa dekha jaisa paya , and they have also published another book , Mujtaba Hussain Ainon ke Beech , on his writing and creations . The Siasat Daily , an Urdu-language Indian daily , has launched a dedicated website on Hussain , where 25 books totaling over 6500 pages of his writings are available for reading . The Government of India awarded him the fourth highest civilian honour of the Padma Shri , in 2007 , for his contributions to Urdu literature . For more information about Dr. Mujtaba Hussain , visit his official website .

neg: Malang (song) `` Malang '' ( Vagrant love ) is the second single released from the 2013 Bollywood film Dhoom 3 , which starred Aamir Khan , Katrina Kaif , Abhishek Bachchan , and Uday Chopra and was directed by Vijay Krishna Acharya . The song was composed by Pritam , who also composed for the previous two films of the film series , with lyrics by Sameer Anjaan . It was sung by Siddharth Mahadevan and Shilpa Rao and performed on film by Khan and Kaif . The song 's performance is represented as part of a stage show . Malang was released on the digital music platform iTunes on 2 December 2013 . Lyricist Sameer Anjaan has described the song as a `` beautiful , pure and sublime Sufi love song '' .

neg: Suraj Paliwal Prof. Suraj Paliwal ( born 8 November 1951 ) is a professor and author from India , who writes in Hindi .

neg: Manjiri Prabhu Manjiri Prabhu ( born 30 September 1964 ) is an Indian author , TV producer and filmmaker . She has been hailed as the ` Desi Agatha Christie ' by the media and is acknowledged as being the first woman writer of mystery fiction in India .

neg: Krishna Chandra Sharma Krishna Chandra Sharma , also known as Bhikkhu ( 12 October 1923 -- 29 September 2003 ) , was an Indian radio broadcaster and author . He was the Director General of All India Radio from 1980 to 1981 . He was a noted novelist and wrote over twenty literary works in his lifetime .

neg: Shankar Nag Shankar Nagarakatte ( 9 November 1954 -- 30 September 1990 ) , popularly known as Shankar Nag , was an acclaimed Indian film actor , screenwriter , director , producer and philanthropist who worked primarily in the Kannada film industry . Besides films , he established himself as a writer and actor in Television and theater . Widely acclaimed for his visionary filmmaking , he directed and acted in the most talked-about teleserial , Malgudi Days , based on celebrated novelist R.K.Narayan 's short stories . He co-wrote 22 June 1897 , an Indian national award-winning Marathi film . He is the younger brother of actor Anant Nag .

neg: Nilesh Girkar Nilesh Dashrath Girkar is a Mumbai-based Indian scriptwriter who works for Bollywood and Tollywood films . He started his career writing for Ram Gopal Varma 's Agyaat ( 2009 ) . He has also written Ram Gopal Varma 's Department ( 2012 ) featuring Amitabh Bachchan , Sanjay Dutt and Rana Daggubati ; and Nana Patekar 's much-awaited film Ab Tak Chhappan 2 ( 2015 ) .


query: The Philippines is an emerging market with a transitioning economy.

pos: Philippines The Philippines ( -LSB- ˈfɪlᵻpiːnz -RSB- Pilipinas -LSB- ˌpɪlɪˈpinɐs -RSB- ) , officially the Republic of the Philippines ( -LSB- Republika ng Pilipinas , links = no -RSB- ) , is a sovereign island country in Southeast Asia situated in the western Pacific Ocean . It consists of about 7,641 islands that are categorized broadly under three main geographical divisions from north to south : Luzon , Visayas , and Mindanao . The capital city of the Philippines is Manila and the most populous city is Quezon City , both part of Metro Manila . Bounded by the South China Sea on the west , the Philippine Sea on the east and the Celebes Sea on the southwest , the Philippines shares maritime borders with Taiwan to the north , Vietnam to the west , Palau to the east and Malaysia and Indonesia to the south .   The Philippines ' location on the Pacific Ring of Fire and close to the equator makes the Philippines prone to earthquakes and typhoons , but also endows it with abundant natural resources and some of the world 's greatest biodiversity . The Philippines has an area of 300000 km2 , and a population of approximately 100 million . It is the eighth-most populated country in Asia and the 12th most populated country in the world . , approximately 10 million additional Filipinos lived overseas , comprising one of the world 's largest diasporas . Multiple ethnicities and cultures are found throughout the islands . In prehistoric times , Negritos were some of the archipelago 's earliest inhabitants . They were followed by successive waves of Austronesian peoples . Exchanges with Chinese , Malay , Indian , and Islamic nations occurred . Then , various competing maritime states were established under the rule of Datus , Rajahs , Sultans or Lakans .   The arrival of Ferdinand Magellan in Homonhon , Eastern Samar in 1521 marked the beginning of Hispanic colonization . In 1543 , Spanish explorer Ruy López de Villalobos named the archipelago Las Islas Filipinas in honor of Philip II of Spain . With the arrival of Miguel López de Legazpi from Mexico City , in 1565 , the first Hispanic settlement in the archipelago was established . The Philippines became part of the Spanish Empire for more than 300 years . This resulted in Roman Catholicism becoming the dominant religion . During this time , Manila became the western hub of the trans-Pacific trade connecting Asia with Acapulco in the Americas using Manila galleons .   As the 19th century gave way to the 20th , there followed in quick succession the Philippine Revolution , which spawned the short-lived First Philippine Republic , followed by the bloody Philippine -- American War of conquest by US military force . Aside from the period of Japanese occupation , the United States retained sovereignty over the islands until after World War II , when the Philippines was recognized as an independent nation . Since then , the Philippines has often had a tumultuous experience with democracy , which included the overthrow of a dictatorship by a non-violent revolution .   It is a founding member of the United Nations , World Trade Organization , Association of Southeast Asian Nations , the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum , and the East Asia Summit . It also hosts the headquarters of the Asian Development Bank . The Philippines is considered to be an emerging market and a newly industrialized country , which has an economy transitioning from being one based on agriculture to one based more on services and manufacturing . It is one of the only two predominantly Christian nations in Southeast Asia , the other being East Timor .

neg: On External Transition It is the book gathering Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo 's welcoming speech in the Spanish Royal Academy of Moral and Political Sciences from the session that took place the 16th of November of 2005 .   Calvo-Sotelo makes a distinction between internal and external transition , about which he had already spoken previously in Living memory of the Spanish transition and Papers of an unemployed person , and now he focuses on the latter one .   After the praising from Antonio Garrigues Díaz-Cañabate , his predecessor as chairman , Calvo-Sotelo looks into the past to put that external transition into perspective , and he makes an `` anthology of neutralities '' of Spain and its milestones being the Franco-Prussian war from 1870 , the Great War from 1914 ( `` we were obsessively neutral with a resignation neutrality '' ) and World War II .   That long history of Spanish neutrality has its turning point in 1953 , due to the Agreements with United States , and it is a first step towards `` anchoring Spain to the Western world '' .   Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo 's essay gets livelier when it approaches transition `` because the writer has also been an actor and a witness of the facts he recounts '' . Who started the transition while being in the government `` were , on politics , little more than fishermen from Galilee . And the same happened with PSOE , the opposition . '' For that reason , `` the Transition , the whole Transition , but specially the external Transition , unavoidably had a lot of improvisation . '' In such a way that `` it was necessary to start the external Transition sailing through an unknown ocean , without any reference nautical charts and with only one clear path : integrating Spain in the international forums in which it was not admitted when these were constituted due to the non-democratic nature of the previous Regime . ''   `` The entry in the Common Market '' and `` The Atlantic controversy '' are the most densely biographical chapters of this dissertation , since Calvo-Soltelo was the man to whom `` corresponded the unique duty of forming the negotiating team of our membership '' and Calvo-Sotelo was , as the President of the Government , who pushed for and achieved the admission of Spain into the NATO .   After remembering the long and hard process of the negotiations , he concludes saying `` that Spain was not received with generosity by its community neighbours . '' And he quotes two key characters from this story : Alberto Ullastres , `` who had masterfully negotiated '' the Preferential Agreement from 1970 ; and Raimundo Bassols , `` true architect of our entry into the Common Market . ''   He also documents through his papers `` the uncertain topic of the secular Spanish-French friendship . ''   He narrates first-hand the fact that he considers `` the kernel of the External transition , the hinge on which the new Spanish external policy would turn '' , which would be , the entry into NATO . He analyses the position of UCD , of Adolfo Suárez and of Marcelino Oreja , and examines the historic evolution of PSOE 's international doctrine -- from Rodolfo Llopis ' time to Felipe González 's - and the volatility of the Spanish public opinion . He also speaks about the attitude of U.S.A. ( `` the renewal of the Agreements of 1953 without the NATO were the short-sighted American intentions when I came to the Presidency '' ) and of the U.S.S.R ( Letter from Leonidas Breznev , that he diplomatically returned to him ) .   The book is closed with a chapter entitled by him `` The transition revisited '' , where he states how nowadays it is considered a problem and how unpleasant it feels to `` unravel Penelope 's shroud that never got to be finished , '' while he is an advocate of `` revisiting the Transition without destroying it '' .   He finishes with a few lines on the new Europe that must be illuminated , a hard duty because `` France does not accept that they have to lock down with two keys De Gaulle 's tomb . ''   During his answering speech , Salustiano del Campo says : `` The pithy speech we just heard insists on subjects Calvo-Sotelo has previously dealt with in one or several of his previous works , but he does it giving new ideas and , especially , suggesting new considerations . ''   Marcelino Oreja finds this essay `` a masterpiece on the external transition and it displays the efforts made to put Spain in the place it belongs to . ''   Historians Pablo Pérez and Jorge Lafuente think about this book by Calvo-Sotelo that `` he synthesized his ideas on the history of the Spanish external relationships using his usual sententious , elegant and frequently ironic style . His central idea must be summarized saying that Spain abdicated the performance of a role in the international panorama since the times of King Carlos III and it did not get that role back until the Transition , and specially until its entry into the NATO in 1982 and into the European Community in 1986 -LSB- ... -RSB- Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo , one of the men who used more energy on this , is a clear example of to what extent the Transition was an Enterprise that united continuity and change , and not only on the terms of the 20th Century , or of dictatorship and democracy , but in wider terms ; in the terms of the strategic position of our country in the international board . The intellectual depth of Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo 's political plan , his direct knowledge on the European reality , his familiarity with our history , probably were the causes that made him had a sight covering a wider range and made him move to a higher plane of political tactics focused on taking and keeping power on a short term . ''   This is the last book by Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo . Nevertheless , according to his own confessions , `` I have at home drawers full of unpublished pages : from the first ones written on a typewriter ( a tampon Yost ) , from sixty years ago , until the last ones typed on the computer . My wife ( who will outlive me , as is the norm ) may get some money publishing , in many years , those that are more impertinent and politically incorrect and , among others , a long string of satirical sonnets , perfectly measured and more wrongly intended , which my friend ( poet Muñoz Rojas ) correctly calls skills . ''

neg: New international division of labour In economics , the new international division of labor ( NIDL ) is an outcome of globalization . The term was coined by theorists seeking to explain the spatial shift of manufacturing industries from advanced capitalist countries to developing countries -- an ongoing geographic reorganization of production , which finds its origins in ideas about a global division of labor . It is a spatial division of labor which occurs when the process of production is no longer confined to national economies . Under the `` old '' international division of labor , until around 1970 , underdeveloped areas were incorporated into the world economy principally as suppliers of minerals and agricultural commodities . However , as developing economies are merged into the world economy , more production takes place in these economies .   This has led to a trend of transference , or what is also known as the `` global industrial shift '' , in which production processes are relocated from developed countries ( such as the US , European countries , and Japan ) to developing countries in Asia ( such as China , Vietnam , and India ) and Latin America . This is because companies search for the cheapest locations to manufacture and assemble components , so low-cost labor-intensive parts of the manufacturing process are shifted to the developing world where costs are substantially lower . Companies do so by taking advantage of transportation and communications technology , as well as fragmentation and locational flexibility of production . From 1953 to the late 1990s , the industrialized economies ' share of world manufacturing output declined from 95 % to 77 % , and the developing economies ' share more than quadrupled from 5 % to 23 % .   The resultant division of labor across continents closely follows the North -- South socio-economic and political divide , wherein the North -- with one quarter of the world population -- controls four fifths of the world income , while the South -- with three quarters of the world population -- has access to one fifth of the world income .

neg: Human trafficking in the Philippines Human trafficking and the prostitution of children is a significant issue in the Philippines , often controlled by organized crime syndicates .  Human Trafficking in the Philippines is a crime against humanity .   In an effort to deal with the problem , the Philippines passed R.A. 9208 , the Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act of 2003 , a penal law against human trafficking , sex tourism , sex slavery and child prostitution .  In 2006 , enforcement was reported to be inconsistent .

neg: Economy of Bangladesh The market-based economy of Bangladesh is the 41st largest in the world in nominal terms , and 29th largest by purchasing power parity ; it is classified among the Next Eleven emerging market economies and a Frontier market . According to the IMF , Bangladesh 's economy is the second fastest growing major economy of 2016 , with a rate of 7.1 % . Dhaka and Chittagong are the principal financial centers of the country , being home to the Dhaka Stock Exchange and the Chittagong Stock Exchange . The financial sector of Bangladesh is the second largest in the subcontinent .   In the decade since 2004 , Bangladesh averaged a GDP growth of 6.5 % , that has been largely driven by its exports of ready made garments , remittances and the domestic agricultural sector . The country has pursued export-oriented industrialisation , with its key export sectors include textiles , shipbuilding , fish and seafood , jute and leather goods . It has also developed self-sufficient industries in pharmaceuticals , steel and food processing . Bangladesh 's telecommunication industry has witnessed rapid growth over the years , receiving high investment from foreign companies . Bangladesh also has substantial reserves of natural gas and is Asia 's seventh largest gas producer . Offshore exploration activities are increasing in its maritime territory in the Bay of Bengal . It also has large deposits of limestone . The government promotes the Digital Bangladesh scheme as part of its efforts to develop the country 's growing information technology sector .   Bangladesh is strategically important for the economies of Northeast India , Nepal and Bhutan , as Bangladeshi seaports provide maritime access for these landlocked regions and countries . China also views Bangladesh as a potential gateway for its landlocked southwest , including Tibet , Sichuan and Yunnan .   In 2016 , per-capita income was estimated as per IMF data at US$ 3,840 ( PPP ) and US$ 1,466 ( Nominal ) . Bangladesh is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations , D-8 Organization for Economic Cooperation , the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation , the International Monetary Fund , the World Bank , the World Trade Organisation and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank . The economy faces challenges of infrastructure bottlenecks , insufficient power and gas supplies , bureaucratic corruption , political instability , natural calamities and a lack of skilled workers .

neg: Filipino Americans Filipino Americans ( Mga Pilipinong Amerikano ) are Americans of Filipino descent . The term Filipino American is sometimes shortened to `` Fil-Ams '' , or `` Pinoy '' . According to Filipino American historian Dawn Mabalon , the earliest appearance of the term Pinoy ( alt . Pinay ) , was in a 1926 issue of the Filipino Student Bulletin . The article that featured the terms , is titled , `` Filipino Women in U.S. Excel in Their Courses : Invade Business , Politics . '' Some Filipinos believe that the term Pinoy was coined by Filipinos who came to the United States to distinguish themselves from Filipinos living in the Philippines .   Filipinos in North America were first documented in the 16th century , with small settlements beginning in the 18th century . Mass migration did not begin until the early 20th Century when the Philippines was ceded from Spain to the United States in the Treaty of Paris .

neg: Film Development Council of the Philippines The Film Development Council of the Philippines ( FDCP ) is the lead agency for film in the Philippines ensuring that the economic , cultural and educational aspects of film are effectively represented in the country and abroad . This agency is under the Office of the President .   In 2015 , the FDCP main office relocated from Makati to the former site of Instituto Cervantes de Manila , in TM Kalaw , Manila , which will be the temporary home of the group before it will moved in a new and permanent home in Tagaytay , which is under construction .

neg: Land reform in the Philippines Land reform in the Philippines has long been a contentious issue rooted in the Philippines 's Spanish Colonial Period . Some efforts began during the American Colonial Period with renewed efforts during the Commonwealth , following independence , during Martial Law and especially following the People Power Revolution in 1986 . The current law , the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program , was passed following the revolution and recently extended until 2014

neg: Germany–Philippines relations The relation between Germany and the Philippines remains strong and positive . On April 25 , 1955 an agreement was signed which led to a dynamic cooperation between the two countries . Germany has an embassy in Manila with honorary consulate in Cebu and the Philippines has an embassy in Berlin with consulates in Frankfurt and Hamburg . Germany is the Philippines ' top trading partner in the European Union after The Netherlands , France and the United Kingdom

neg: Developed market In investing , a developed market is a country that is most developed in terms of its economy and capital markets . The country must be high income , but this also includes openness to foreign ownership , ease of capital movement , and efficiency of market institutions . This term is contrasted with developing market ( Emerging markets and frontier markets are types of developing markets . )

neg: Evolution of Management Systems ' A management system is the framework of processes and procedures used to ensure that an organization can fulfill all tasks required to achieve its objectives .   After World War II , the reigning paradigm of product-oriented mass production had reached its peak . Examples of management systems at that time are linear assembly lines , organizational hierarchies of command , product quality control and mass consumption .   Soon afterwards , the Deming-Juran process-quality teachings spearheaded a new quality orientation ( later referred to as Total quality management ) and propelled Japan directly to the post-war process focus ( process quality control , just-in-time , continuous improvement ) . The US responded by a painful and prolonged product-to-process transformation , ultimately leveling the playing field again by the mid 1980s .   At the end of the 1980s , business process reengineering focused on the radical redesign of the production process through the reintegration of task , labor and knowledge . As a result , lean , flexible and streamlined production processes were created , capable of fast response and internet-based integration necessary for the upcoming phase of supply chains - business-to-business ( B2B ) -- as well as demand chains -- business-to-customer ( B2C ) .   In the above three stages of Evolution of Management Systems '' ' , the competitive advantage was derived almost exclusively from the internal resources of the firm . At the end of the 1980s , a radical fourth shift has occurred : the competitive advantage became increasingly derived from the external resources of the firm -- through the extended networks of suppliers and customers .   Figure 1 refers to the basic scheme of production and service delivery process . It represents the traditional linear input-process-output management system . This system has been fixed and unchanging for centuries . The only change has been in terms of changing focus on individual components of the system , emphasizing different parts of this basic scheme .   Although the scheme itself ( inputs → process → outputs ) remains mostly unchallenged , there are some indications that this business model will undergo major restructurings in the future ( in the emerging stages of Evolution of Management Systems ) . It will become disaggregated and distributed , subjected to non-linear modularity and bringing forth new ways of making things and delivering services . Then it will become reintegrated again , tying together globally distributed components into a unified recycling whole .

neg: Income inequality in the Philippines Income Inequality is the extent at which household income is unevenly distributed amongst a population . In other words , it also refers to the gap in income between who can be considered the rich of the population as opposed to the income of those who can be considered the poor of a population .   Income inequality in the Philippines is the extent to which income , most commonly measured by household or individual , is distributed in an uneven manner in the Philippines . The difference of income between the rich and the poor could cause tension in society and political instability .

neg: Entertainment City Entertainment City , also known as E-City ( formerly PAGCOR City and Manila Bay Tourism City ) , is a gaming and entertainment complex under development by PAGCOR spanning an area of 8 km ² in Bay City , Metro Manila , Philippines . It is first envisioned by PAGCOR in 2002 . It lies at the western side of Roxas Boulevard and south of SM Central Business Park ( SM Mall of Asia ) , part of Parañaque .   The project is officially named as the Bagong Nayong Pilipino-Entertainment City through an executive order by President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo and has been called several other names by the press . The most common name being referenced is `` Entertainment City '' . The site has been declared a PEZA-approved economic zone .

neg: National Democracy Movement (Philippines) The National Democratic Movement is a broad-based alliance of left-wing , progressive individuals and organizations seeking comprehensive social , economic , and political justice in the Philippines composed of landless peasants , urban and rural poor , indigenous peoples , oppressed religious minorities , activists , workers , youth , and students . The movement seeks to address what they consider to be the root causes of injustices affecting the Filipino masses in what is analyzed to be a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society , by confronting the three fundamental problems of imperialism , feudalism , and bureaucrat capitalism .   The national democratic struggle wishes to achieve genuine national liberation for the country and the realization of the democratic rights of the people by expunging the nation of foreign imperialism , landlordism , monopoly capitalists , and corrupt government officials .

neg: Transition methodology Transition Methodology is the process of migrating knowledge , systems , and operating capabilities between an outsourcing environment to an in-house staff .   Transition management starts with the preparation of the outsourced/offshore site to commence client operations through documenting the processes , training process executives to execute the processes , designing , procuring and deploying technology and bandwidth to access client systems as required and finally fulfill the SLA and contact parameters . The overall success of the outsourcing engagement is very much dependent on the effectiveness of the transition .   At an organizational level an outsourcing project would involve the tangible changes in structure , processes , technology , culture that the organization would go through to go from the current state to the desired future state . At the individual level , it would involve the process individuals to the new way of working .

neg: List of country groupings This is a list of groupings of countries or of intergovernmental organisations , formal or informal , organisational or economic category .   African Union ( AU ) is a continental union consisting of all fifty-five countries on the African continent  Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation ( APEC ) is a forum for 21 Pacific Rim member economies that promotes free trade throughout the Asia-Pacific region  Arab League , a regional organization of Arab countries in and around North Africa , the Horn of Africa and Arabia , Algeria , Bahrain , Comoros , Djibouti , Egypt , Iraq , Jordan , Kuwait , Lebanon , Libya , Mauritania , Morocco , Oman , Palestine , Qatar , Saudi Arabia , Somalia , Sudan , Syria , Tunisia , United Arab Emirates , Yemen , to draw closer the relations between member States and co-ordinate collaboration between them , to safeguard their independence and sovereignty , and to consider in a general way the affairs and interests of the Arab countries  ASEAN , The Association of Southeast Asian Nations , a regional organisation comprising ten Southeast Asian states  BASIC countries , four large newly industrialized countries , Brazil , South Africa , India , China , to act jointly on climate change and emissions reduction  Benelux Union is a politico-economic union of three neighbouring states in western Europe : Belgium , the Netherlands , and Luxembourg .  BRIC , Brazil , Russia , India and China , which are all deemed to be at a similar stage of newly advanced economic development  BRICS , Brazil , Russia , India , China and South Africa , leading developing or newly industrialized countries , and are distinguished by their large , sometimes fast-growing economies and significant influence on regional affairs  CIVETS , six emerging markets countries , Colombia , Indonesia , Vietnam , Egypt , Turkey and South Africa , a diverse and dynamic economy and a young , growing population  Commonwealth of Nations , fifty-two member states that are mostly former territories of the British Empire  Development Assistance Committee ( DAC ) , to discuss issues surrounding aid , development and poverty reduction in developing countries , the world 's major donor countries , Australia , European Union , Iceland , New Zealand , South Korea , Austria , Finland , Ireland , Norway , Spain , Belgium , France , Italy , Poland , Sweden , Canada , Germany , Japan , Portugal , Switzerland , Czech Republic , Greece , Luxembourg , Slovakia , United Kingdom , Denmark , Hungary , Netherlands , Slovenia , United States  Economic Cooperation Organisation ( ECO ) , Afghanistan , Azerbaijan , Iran , Kazakhstan , Kyrgyz , Pakistan , Tajikistan , Turkey , Turkmenistan , Uzbekistan , a political and economic organization , a platform to discuss ways to improve development and promote trade and investment opportunities , the objective is to establish a single market for goods and services  EAEU , Eurasian Economic Union , an economic union of Belarus , Kazakhstan , Russia , Armenia , Kyrgyzstan  EU , The European Union , a political and economic union of twenty-eight member states that are located primarily in Europe  Four Asian Tigers , economies of Hong Kong , Singapore , South Korea , Taiwan , underwent rapid industrialization and maintained exceptionally high growth rates , now developed into advanced and high-income economies  G4 nations , Brazil , Germany , India , and Japan , four countries which support each other 's bids for permanent seats on the United Nations Security Council  Group of Eight ( G8 ) , Canada , France , Germany , Italy , Japan , the United Kingdom , the United States , and Russia , the world 's major highly industrialized economies in countries that view themselves as democracies  G8 +5 , the G8 nations , plus the five leading emerging economies ( Brazil , China , India , Mexico , and South Africa )  G20 , or Group of Twenty , twenty major economies , Argentina , Australia , Brazil , Canada , China , European Union , France , Germany , India , Indonesia , Italy , Japan , South Korea , Mexico , Russia , Saudi Arabia , South Africa , Turkey , United Kingdom , United States , for studying , reviewing , and promoting high-level discussion of policy issues pertaining to the promotion of international financial stability  Group of 7 ( G7 ) , Canada , France , Germany , Italy , Japan , the United Kingdom , and the United States , the seven major advanced economies as reported by the International Monetary Fund  Group of 77 ( G77 ) , a loose coalition of developing nations , designed to promote its members ' collective economic interests and create an enhanced joint negotiating capacity in the United Nations  Gulf Cooperation Council , Bahrain , Kuwait , Oman , Qatar , Saudi Arabia and the UAE . A regional intergovernmental political and economic union consisting of all Arab states of the Persian Gulf , except for Iraq .  IBSA Dialogue Forum , India , Brazil , South Africa , an international tripartite grouping for promoting international cooperation among these countries  Mercosur ( Southern Common Market ) , Argentina , Brazil , Paraguay , Uruguay , Venezuela , Bolivia , Chile , Peru , Colombia , Ecuador , Suriname , to promote free trade and the fluid movement of goods , people , and currency  MIKTA , an informal partnership between Mexico , Indonesia , Republic of Korea , Turkey , Australia , to support effective global governance  MINT , the economies of Mexico , Indonesia , Nigeria , and Turkey  NACAr , Norway , Australia , Canada , Argentina , countries characterized by middle to high income per capita , a low population density and a concentration of exports in natural resources  North American Free Trade Agreement , NAFTA is an agreement signed by Canada , Mexico , and the United States , creating a trilateral trade bloc in North America  Next Eleven ( Nll ) , Bangladesh , Egypt , Indonesia , Iran , Mexico , Nigeria , Pakistan , the Philippines , Turkey , South Korea and Vietnam -- identified as having a high potential of becoming , along with the BRICS countries , among the world 's largest economies in the 21st century  OECD , Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development , to stimulate economic progress and world trade , countries committed to democracy and the market economy , most OECD members are high-income economies with a very high Human Development Index ( HDI ) and are regarded as developed countries  OPEC , Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries , thirteen countries accounting for an estimated 42 percent of global oil production and 73 percent of the world 's proven oil reserves  P5 , permanent members of the United Nations Security Council , China , France , Russia , the United Kingdom , the United States  PIGS , the economies of the countries of Portugal , Italy and or Ireland , Greece , and Spain  United Nations ( UN ) , an intergovernmental organization to promote international co-operation , 193 member states .  VISTA ( Vietnam , Indonesia , South Africa , Turkey , Argentina ) is an emerging markets grouping proposed in 2006 by BRICs Economic Research Institute of Japan .

neg: Economy of Cambodia The economy of Cambodia at present follows an open market system ( market economy ) and has seen rapid economic progress in the last decade . Cambodia had a GDP of $ 18.05 billion in 2015 . Per capita income , although rapidly increasing , is low compared with most neighboring countries . Cambodia 's two largest industries are textiles and tourism , while agricultural activities remain the main source of income for many Cambodians living in rural areas . The service sector is heavily concentrated on trading activities and catering-related services . Recently , Cambodia has reported that oil and natural gas reserves have been found off-shore .   In 1995 , with a GDP of $ 2.92 billion the government transformed the country 's economic system from a planned economy to its present market-driven system . Following those changes , growth was estimated at a value of 7 % while inflation dropped from 26 % in 1994 to only 6 % in 1995 . Imports increased due to the influx of foreign aid , and exports , particularly from the country 's garment industry , also increased .   After four years of improving economic performance , Cambodia 's economy slowed in 1997-98 due to the regional economic crisis , civil unrest , and political infighting . Foreign investments declined during this period . Also , in 1998 the main harvest was hit by drought . But in 1999 , the first full year of relative peace in 30 years , progress was made on economic reforms and growth resumed at 4 % .   Currently , Cambodia 's foreign policy focuses on establishing friendly borders with its neighbors ( such as Thailand and Vietnam ) , as well as integrating itself into regional ( ASEAN ) and global ( WTO ) trading systems . Some of the obstacles faced by this emerging economy are the need for a better education system and the lack of a skilled workforce ; particularly in the poverty-ridden countryside , which struggles with inadequate basic infrastructure . Nonetheless , Cambodia continues to attract investors because of its low wages , plentiful labor , proximity to Asian raw materials , and favorable tax treatment .

neg: Mental health care in the Philippines Mental health is defined as `` a state of well-being in which every individual realizes his or her own potential , can cope with the normal stresses of life , can work productively and fruitfully , and is able to make a contribution to her or his community '' . The World Health Organization emphasized the importance of mental health by including it in their definition of health as `` a state of complete physical , mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity . ''   Mental health care is the status of providing and maintaining psychological , psychiatric , and emotional health by means of diagnosis , treatment , and prevention of mental illnesses .   This article will survey the status of psychological , psychiatric , and emotional health care in the Philippines from both past and present programs .

neg: Baybayin Baybayin ( -LSB- baɪˈbaɪjɪn -RSB- ; pre-kudlit : , post-kudlit : ) ( known in Unicode as Tagalog alphabet ; see below ) , known in Visayan as badlit , and known in Ilocano as kur-itan/kurditan , is an ancient Philippine script derived from Brahmic scripts of India and first recorded in the 16th century . It continued to be used during the Spanish colonization of the Philippines up until the late 19th century . The alphabet is well known because it was carefully documented by Catholic clergy living in the Philippines during the colonial era .   The term baybay literally means `` to spell '' in Tagalog . Baybayin was extensively documented by the Spanish . Some have incorrectly attributed the name Alibata to it , but that term was coined by Paul Rodríguez Verzosa after the arrangement of letters of the Arabic alphabet ( alif , ba , ta ( alibata ) , `` f '' having been eliminated for euphony 's sake ) .   Other Brahmic scripts used currently among different ethnic groups in the Philippines are Buhid , Hanunó ` o , Kulitan and Tagbanwa .   Baybayin is one of a number of individual writing systems used in Southeast Asia , nearly all of which are abugidas where any consonant is pronounced with the inherent vowel a following it -- diacritics being used to express other vowels ( this vowel occurs with greatest frequency in Sanskrit , and also probably in all Philippine languages ) . Many of these writing systems descended from ancient alphabets used in India over 2000 years ago . Although Baybayin does share some similarities with these ancient alphabets , there is no evidence that it is this old nor is there evidence that it is recent .   The Archives of the University of Santo Tomas in Manila , one of the largest archives in the Philippines , currently possesses the biggest collection of extant ancient Baybayin alphabets in the world .   A Baybayin bill , House Bill no. 4395 and Senate Bill 1899 , which is also known as the National Script Act of 2011 , has been filed in the 15th Congress since 2011 . It was refiled in the 17th Congress of the Philippines through Senate Bill 433 in 2016 . It aims to declare Baybayin as the national script of the Philippines . The bill mandates to put a Baybayin translation under all business and government logos . It also mandates all primary and secondary schools to teach Baybayin to their students , a move that would save the ancient script from pure extinction and revitalize the indigenous writing roots of Filipinos . The writing system being pursued by the bill is a modernized version of the Baybayin which incorporates the common segments of numerous indigenous writing forms throughout the country . The system is a more nationalistic approach due to its comprehensive range , contrary to reports saying the bill will create further regionalism or cultural disintegration .

neg: Liberalism in the Philippines This article gives an overview of liberalism in the Philippines . It is limited to liberal parties with substantial support , mainly proved by having had a representation in Congress .

neg: Mimaropa The Southwestern Tagalog Region , officially designated as MIMAROPA Region , is an administrative region in the Philippines . It was also formerly designated as Region IV-B until 2016 . It is one of five regions in the country having no land border with another region ( the others being Western Visayas , Negros Island Region , Central Visayas , and Eastern Visayas ) . The name is an acronym combination of its constituent provinces : Mindoro ( divided into Occidental Mindoro and Oriental Mindoro ) , Marinduque , Romblon and Palawan .   The region was part of the now-defunct Southern Tagalog region until 17 May 2002 . On 23 May 2005 , Palawan and the highly urbanized city of Puerto Princesa were moved to the region of Western Visayas by Executive Order No. 429 . However , on 19 August 2005 , then-President Arroyo issued Administrative Order No. 129 to put in abeyance Executive Order No. 429 pending a review . On 17 July 2016 , Republic Act No. 10879 formally established the Southwestern Tagalog Region to be known as the MIMAROPA Region discontinuing the `` Region IV-B '' designation , however no boundary changes were involved .   Calapan is Mimaropa 's regional center . However , most regional government offices such as the Department of Public Works and Highways and the Department of Budget and Management are in Quezon City , Metro Manila .