query: This Sporting Life won Richard Harris a Best Actor Award at the 1963 Cannes Film Festival.

pos: This Sporting Life This Sporting Life is a 1963 British feature film based on the 1960 novel of the same name by David Storey , which won the 1960 Macmillan Fiction Award . It recounts the story of a rugby league footballer , Frank Machin , in Wakefield , a mining area of Yorkshire , whose romantic life is not as successful as his sporting life . Storey , a former professional rugby league footballer , also wrote the screenplay .   The film stars Richard Harris , Rachel Roberts , William Hartnell and Alan Badel . It was directed by Lindsay Anderson . The film was Richard Harris 's first starring role , and won him a Best Actor Award at the 1963 Cannes Film Festival . He was also nominated for an Oscar for Best Actor in a Leading Role . Rachel Roberts won her second BAFTA award for This Sporting Life and an Oscar nomination for best actress . Harris was nominated for the BAFTA that year as well . The film opened at the Odeon Leicester Square in London 's West End on 7 February 1963 .

neg: Louis Delluc Prize The Louis Delluc Prize ( Prix Louis-Delluc ) is a French film award presented annually since 1937 . The award is bestowed to the Best Film and Best First Film of the year on the second week of each December . The jury is composed of 20 members , consisting of a group of film critics and figures who are culturally significant . Gilles Jacob is the president . The meeting is at le Fouquet 's restaurant in Champs-Élysées .   The award was created in 1937 in view of the decision of the L'Académie française to award its Grand Prix du Cinema to films that were created by French filmmakers . Twenty-four film critics including Maurice Bessy and Marcel Idzkowski established the prize to honor Louis Delluc ( 1890 -- 1924 ) , the first French journalist to specialize in cinema and founder of the ciné-clubs .

neg: Robert Hardy Timothy Sydney Robert Hardy , CBE , FSA ( born 29 October 1925 ) is an English actor with a long career in the theatre , film and television .

neg: Sporting Blood (1940 film) Sporting Blood is a 1940 American drama film , directed by S. Sylvan Simon for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer . It stars Robert Young , Maureen O'Sullivan , and Lewis Stone .

neg: Stan Harris Stanley `` Stan '' Wakefield Harris CBE ( 13 December 1894 -- 3 October 1973 ) was an early twentieth century all-round sportsman regarded as one of the greatest all-rounders to have played for the British and Irish Lions . As a rugby union international , he represented the England in 1920 , and the British Lions in 1924 . He also turned down a place in the Great Britain Olympic squad in 1920 , became a South African boxing champion and represented England in polo , all in between serving in both the First and Second World Wars .

neg: 24th Venice International Film Festival The 24th annual Venice International Film Festival was held from 24 August to 7 September 1963 .

neg: Toronto Film Critics Association Awards 2012 The 16th Toronto Film Critics Association Awards , honoring the best in film for 2012 , were given on December 18 , 2012 .   Through a naming rights sponsorship with Rogers the Best Canadian Film Award prize money was raised to C$ 100,000 from $ 15,000 in 2010 and $ 10,000 prior to that , while the two runners-up took $ 5,000 each . It is now the largest film prize in Canada .

neg: Rocío from La Mancha Rocío de La Mancha is a 1963 film made in Spain .

neg: The Verdict The Verdict is a 1982 American courtroom drama film starring Paul Newman , Charlotte Rampling , Jack Warden , James Mason , Milo O'Shea and Lindsay Crouse . The film , which was directed by Sidney Lumet , was adapted by David Mamet from the novel by Barry Reed . It is about a down-on-his-luck alcoholic lawyer who takes a medical malpractice case to improve his own situation , but discovers along the way that he is doing the right thing .   The Verdict garnered critical acclaim and box office success . The film was nominated for five Academy Awards , including Best Actor in a Leading Role ( Paul Newman ) , Best Actor in a Supporting Role ( James Mason ) , Best Director ( Sidney Lumet ) , Best Picture and Best Adapted Screenplay ( David Mamet ) .

neg: Wendell B. Harris Jr. Wendell B. Harris Jr. ( born March 5 , 1954 ) , is a Juilliard - and Interlochen-trained American filmmaker and actor . He is the writer , director and lead actor of Chameleon Street , which won the Grand Jury prize at the 1990 Sundance Film Festival . Harris and Prismatic Images went on to produce a radio series entitled Black Biography , which showcased black icons from the spheres of art , history , and politics . He has appeared as an actor in the films Out of Sight ( 1998 ) and Road Trip ( 2000 ) . Harris is currently in post-production for the forthcoming documentary Arbiter Roswell , a 14-year project chronicling the relationship between public opinion , the media , and the military-industrial complex .

neg: The Professionals (1966 film) The Professionals is a 1966 American western written , produced , and directed by Richard Brooks . It starred Burt Lancaster , Lee Marvin , Robert Ryan , and Claudia Cardinale , with Jack Palance , Ralph Bellamy , and Woody Strode in supporting roles . The script was adapted from the novel A Mule for the Marquesa by Frank O'Rourke .   The film received three Academy Award nominations and an enthusiastic critical reception .

neg: The Temptations of Jean-Claude Killy `` The Temptations of Jean-Claude Killy '' is an article published in the premiere issue of Scanlan 's Monthly in March 1970 , written by Hunter S. Thompson .   The subject of the article is Jean-Claude Killy , the alpine skiing champion who , in the 1968 Winter Olympics , became the second alpine skier ever to win three gold medals in a single olympic games . By the time of the article Killy , then 26 , was retired from skiing and had embarked on the next phase of his career -- endorsements .   Thompson 's article follows Killy around the United States during his marketing tour for the Chevrolet automotive company . As he attends automotive shows , holds press conferences , and makes appearances for television ( all in conjunction with fellow Chevrolet spokesman , O.J. Simpson ) Thompson chronicles the newly flush world of celebrity sports endorsements . Though endorsement by a sports figure was not an entirely new concept , the world-wide magnitude of Killy 's stardom made his Chevrolet contract something of a fascination for Thompson .   The article 's focus on the relative depths of the new pitch-man status obtained by Killy so shortly after the incredible heights he had achieved develops through acerbic descriptions of the settings Killy finds himself in , the automotive executives that profit by him , and the fans and onlookers who make him such a valuable spokesman . Through it all , Killy 's focus on his own enormous profit is a source of worry to Thompson . The trend he sees developing is one of larger-than-life stars -- athletes of the highest physical standards who have achieved feats unimaginable by normal people -- demeaning themselves and their accomplishments by agreeing to shill for a few extra dollars . An enormous sports fan himself , Thompson is distraught by this turn of events and wonders that Killy was never quite sure `` why I was embarrassed for him in those scenes . ''   Thompson compares Killy to F. Scott Fitzgerald 's Gatsby : although , unlike that character , Killy 's dollars are earned honestly , the author concludes while watching Killy 's selling of himself that `` nothing in his narrow , high-powered experience can allow him to understand how I can watch his act and say that it looks , to me , like a very hard dollar -- maybe the hardest . ''   The article was later included in Thompson 's collection The Great Shark Hunt ( 1979 ) .

neg: Oscar Wilde (play) The play Oscar Wilde , written by Leslie and Sewell Stokes , is based on the life of the Irish playwright Oscar Wilde in which Wilde 's friend , the controversial author and journalist Frank Harris , appears as a character . The play , which contains much of Wilde 's actual writings , starts with Wilde 's literary success and his friendship with Lord Alfred Douglas , turns into a courtroom melodrama , and ends with Wilde as a broken alcoholic after two years in prison .   Owing to the play 's subject matter it was never granted a licence by the Lord Chamberlain and could , therefore , only be staged in England at a theatre club where membership was required . The play 's first production at London 's Gate Theatre Studio in 1936 , starred Robert Morley as Wilde and was produced by Norman Marshall . Opening on 29 September , the play ran for six weeks and proved to be one of the theatre 's most successful productions .   Later in New York in 1938 , again with Morley in the title role , the play became a major award-winning success on Broadway at the Fulton Theatre where it opened on 10 October and ran for 247 performances . This success launched Robert Morley 's career as a stage actor on both sides of the Atlantic .   Coinciding with the Broadway production there was also a four-week revival in London at the Arts Theatre starring Francis L. Sullivan and produced by Ronald Adam , which opened on 25 October 1938 . The play was revived again at the Bolton 's Theatre Club , starring Frank Pettingell and directed by Leslie Stokes , in 1948 .   The film Oscar Wilde , based on the Stokes brothers ' play , was released in 1960 .

neg: The Prize (1963 film) The Prize is a 1963 spy film starring Paul Newman , Elke Sommer and Edward G. Robinson . It was directed by Mark Robson , produced by Pandro S. Berman and adapted for the screen by Ernest Lehman from the novel of the same name by Irving Wallace . It also features an early score by prolific composer Jerry Goldsmith .

neg: All Night Long (1962 film) All Night Long is a 1962 British drama film directed by Basil Dearden , and starring Patrick McGoohan , Marti Stevens , Paul Harris , Keith Michell , Richard Attenborough and Betsy Blair . The story , written by Nel King and Paul Jarrico , writing under the name Peter Achilles , is an updated version of Shakespeare 's Othello , set in the London jazz scene of the 1960s . The black-and-white film features performances by several prominent British and American jazz musicians .

neg: A Woman's Life (film) A Women 's Life ( Une vie ) is a 2016 French-Belgian drama film directed by Stéphane Brizé . It was selected to compete for the Golden Lion at the 73rd Venice International Film Festival where it won the FIPRESCI Prize for Best Film in competition . It was awarded the Louis Delluc Prize for Best Film in 2016 .

neg: Dream On! Dream On ! is a film which premiered in 1981 at the Festival International du Nouveau Cinema , Montreal . It was shot in 16mm film from 1975 to 1980 , and was blown up to 35mm in 1984 . The film 's action follows a group of young actors as they struggle to survive in L.A. and hang on to their artistic principles . Ed Harris and Paul `` Pee-wee Herman '' Reubens have since become well known actors .

neg: The Leather Boys The Leather Boys is a 1964 British drama film about the rocker subculture in London featuring a gay motorcyclist . This film is notable as an early example of a film that violated the Hollywood production code , yet was still shown in the United States , as well as an important film in the genre of queer cinema .   An example of British kitchen sink realism , it was considered daring in 1964 as it touched upon homosexuality , however obliquely . Reviewers have noted that it contains naturalistic photography and period locations such as the Ace Cafe .   The film is based on a novel commissioned by the London literary agent and publisher Anthony Blond , who suggested that Gillian Freeman write about a `` Romeo and Romeo in the South London suburbs '' .

neg: List of accolades received by 127 Hours 127 Hours is a 2010 British independent biographical adventure film directed by Danny Boyle . It stars James Franco in the principal role as real-life mountain climber Aron Ralston , whose hand was trapped under a boulder in a Utah ravine for more than five days in April 2003 . Adapted from Ralston 's autobiography Between a Rock and a Hard Place , 127 Hourss screenplay was written by Boyle and Simon Beaufoy . Distributors Fox Searchlight and Pathé gave the feature limited releases in the United States and United Kingdom on 5 November 2010 and 7 January 2011 , respectively . It grossed # 35.8 million at the box office by the end of its worldwide theatrical run . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator surveyed 215 reviews and judged 93 % to be positive .  Additionally , 127 Hours appeared on more than two dozen movie reviewers ' Top Ten lists for the best movies of 2010 .   The film has received honors for its direction , music , cinematography and writing , as well as for the lead performance by Franco . At the 68th Golden Globe Awards ceremony , 127 Hours earned three nominations : for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama , Best Original Score and Best Screenplay . The picture was nominated in nine Satellite Award categories , including direction , score , sound , original song and visual effects . It also received nine nominations from the Broadcast Film Critics Association . The 64th British Academy Film Awards nominated it for eight of their awards , including Best Director , Best Editing , Best Music and Best Sound . Additionally , 127 Hours was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Film , but lost to The King 's Speech . It performed similarly at the 83rd Academy Awards , where it was nominated in six categories : Best Actor , Best Adapted Screenplay , Best Film Editing , Best Original Score , Best Original Song ( for `` If I Rise '' ) and Best Picture , but lost respectively in all categories to The King 's Speech , The Social Network , and Toy Story 3 .   Franco was named Best Actor by the New York Film Critics Online and 2010 Independent Spirit Awards . He also received recognition from the Screen Actors Guild , at their 17th annual ceremony . Franco 's arm amputation scene towards the end of 127 Hours was nominated at the viewer-voted 2011 MTV Movie Awards . Boyle 's and Beaufoy 's efforts on the movie 's script earned them nominations from the Writers Guild of America and Evening Standard British Film Awards . Along with producer Christian Colson , Boyle garnered another nomination , this time from the Producers Guild of America . The Detroit Film Critics Society honored Boyle as Best Director . Suttirat Larlarb 's input on the movie 's production design earned her one nomination from the Art Directors Guild . The film 's cinematography garnered nominations at the 2010 Houston Film Critics Awards and the 2010 San Diego Film Critics Society Awards . The American Film Institute listed 127 Hours as one of the ten best movies of 2010 .

neg: Herbert Mason Not to be confused with Herbert Mason the photographer who photographed St Paul 's Survives ( 1940 ) .   Samuel George Herbert Mason ( 1891 -- 20 May 1960 ) was a British film director , producer , stage actor , army officer , presenter of some revues , stage manager , stage director , choreographer , production manager and playwright . He was a recipient of the Military Cross the prestigious award for `` gallantry during active operations against the enemy . '' He received the gallantry award for his part in the Battle of Guillemont where British troops defeated the Germans to take the German stronghold of Guillemont .   Mason began his theatrical career at the age of 16 and appeared in several productions at the Birmingham Repertory Theatre including Barry Jackson 's The Christmas Party . During the 1920s he stage managed some of the largest shows in London ( including many of Andre Charlot 's musical revues ) and began his film career with the arrival of sound in motion pictures . Mason was the Assistant director for I Was a Spy , which was very successful in the box office and voted best film of the year . He made his debut as director in 1936 with The First Offence . His most prominent film was A Window in London a dark thriller set in the London Underground , which was a remake of the original French drama film Metropolitan . Another successful film included Take My Tip , in which he directed Jack Hulbert whose `` dances -LSB- were -RSB- beautifully staged . ''   Several rising actors and actresses ( including Vivien Leigh ) made their film debuts in some of his films before they rose to prominence . He worked for several studios and production companies including Gaumont British , Gainsborough Pictures , London Films and MGM-British Studios . Mason directed 16 films ( from thrillers to comedies ) , moved into producing for the rest of his career and authored some plays with his wife Daisy Fisher , a novelist and playwright also with a background in theatre .   His films were generally very well received , and some of them were marked out for the inventiveness of the plot , locations used for shooting and humour . Some of his films are remembered for introducing rising actors and actresses to the screen before they became famous .

neg: Pouic-Pouic Pouic-Pouic is a French comedy film from 1963 , directed by Jean Girault , written by Jean Girault and Jacques Vilfrid , starring Louis de Funès . The film is known under the titles : `` Casamento a Propósito '' ( Portugal ) , `` El pollo de mi mujer '' ( Spain ) , `` Quietsch ... quietsch ... wer bohrt denn da nach Öl '' ( West Germany ) , `` I 3 affari del signor Duval '' ( Italy ) .


query: Anne Bancroft won several awards and nominations.

pos: Anne Bancroft Anna Maria Louisa Italiano ( September 17 , 1931 -- June 6 , 2005 ) , known professionally as Anne Bancroft , was an American actress associated with the method acting school , having studied under Lee Strasberg . Respected for her acting prowess and versatility , Bancroft was acknowledged for her work in film , theatre and television . She won one Academy Award , three BAFTA Awards , two Golden Globes , two Tony Awards and two Emmy Awards , and several other awards and nominations .   After her film debut in Do n't Bother to Knock ( 1952 ) and a string of supporting film roles during the 1950s , she won an Academy Award for Best Actress for her lead role in The Miracle Worker ( 1962 ) as the teacher of teenage Helen Keller , reprising her role in the Broadway stage play . She won both an Oscar for her work in the film , and a Tony for the same role in the play . On Broadway in 1965 , she played a medieval nun obsessed with a priest ( Jason Robards ) in John Whiting 's play The Devils , based on the Aldous Huxley novel The Devils of Loudun . She was perhaps best known as the seductress , Mrs. Robinson , in The Graduate ( 1967 ) , a role that she later stated had come to overshadow her other work .   Bancroft received several other Oscar nominations and continued in lead roles until the late 1980s .  She played a ballet dancer in The Turning Point ( 1977 ) , and in Agnes of God ( 1985 ) , she played the mother superior of a convent who clashes with a psychiatrist played by Jane Fonda over dealings with a troubled young novice nun played by Meg Tilly . In 1987 , she starred with Anthony Hopkins in 84 Charing Cross Road . She appeared in several movies directed or produced by her second husband , comedian Mel Brooks , including the award-winning drama The Elephant Man as well as comedies To Be or Not to Be and Dracula : Dead and Loving It .   In the 1990s she returned to supporting roles in films , but continued to play lead roles in television films . She received Emmy and Screen Actors Guild Award nominations , for The Roman Spring of Mrs. Stone ( 2003 ) , as well as an Emmy nomination for 2001 's Haven .

neg: Anne Murray (disambiguation) Anne Murray is a Canadian singer .   Anne Murray may also refer to :  Anne Firth Murray , New Zealand author , professor , and nonprofit founder  Anne Halkett née Murray ( 1623 -- 1699 ) , religious writer and autobiographer  Anne Murray , Duchess of Atholl ( 1814 -- 1897 ) , Scottish courtier and close friend of Queen Victoria  Anne Murray ( album ) , a 1996 album by the singer  Anne Murray ( gentlewoman ) ( 1755 -- 1849 ) , author  Anne Murray , Viscountess Bayning , on List of life peerages before 1876  Anne Murray ( camogie ) in Gael Linn Cup 1987  Anne Murray ( cricketer ) from List of women ODI cricketers  Anne Murray Christmas from Todd Thicke  Anne Murray Dike from American Committee for Devastated France

neg: AUDELCO AUDELCO , the Audience Development Committee , Inc. , was established in 1973 by the late Vivian Robinson to honor excellence in New York City African American Theatre through presentation of Vivan Robinson/AUDELCO Recognition Awards ( a.k.a. Viv awards ) . The awards were created to promote `` recognition , understanding and awareness of the arts in the African-American community '' .   The AUDELCO Viv awards recognize the following , whether Broadway or off-Broadway :  Productions by Black companies  Shows written or directed by Blacks  Black actors in shows   AUDELCO has an office in Central Harlem , New York City The President is Grace Jones and the board of directors consistsof : A.Curtis Farrow ; Ralph Carter , Toni Peterson , Jacqueline Feffries ; Linda Armstrong ; Honorable Donna M. Mills ; Fred R.Powell ; Mary Seymour ; Dale Richardo Shields ; Terrence Spivey ; Ronald Stone Esq and Mary B. Davis Chair Emeritus . The organization has thousands of members , a newsletter , and a black theater collection of books , photos , slides and scripts as well as an extensive clipping file on black theater companies and productions .   The AUDELCO awards are limited to productions mounted by professional , not-for-profit theater organizations which have been in existence for at least two years and have had a minimum of 500 hours of rehearsal , performance , or training . Additionally , productions have to have been performed over 12 times between September 1 of one year and August 31 of the next . Workshop productions and works-in-progress are not eligible .   The AUDELCO Viv awards allow celebrities and everyday people to get to share their love of theater and their appreciation for the incredible performances , scripts , direction , costumes and sets that have been presented during the last theater season .   Michael O'Hare was the first white actor to win this award presented by the black theater community of New York for his performance in the play `` Shades of Brown '' which examined the effects of apartheid in South Africa .   ( Former AUDELOC awardees included , Kerry Washington ( AUDELCO 's first Rising star ) ; Samuel L. Jackson ; Phylicia Rashad ; Debbie Allen ; Denzel Washington , Barbara Montgomery , Sanaa Lathan and others ) .

neg: Richard Bancroft Richard Bancroft ( 1544 -- 2 November 1610 ) was an English churchman who was Archbishop of Canterbury from 1604 to 1610 and the `` chief overseer '' of the production of the King James Bible .

neg: Anne of Avonlea (1975 film) Anne of Avonlea is a film made for television 4-part mini-series , developed in the United Kingdom by the BBC . It is based on Anne of Avonlea , the sequel to Anne of Green Gables by Lucy Maud Montgomery .

neg: 15th Academy Awards The 15th Academy Awards was held in the Cocoanut Grove at The Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles . Best Picture honors went to the film Mrs. Miniver . The ceremony is most famous for the speech by the film 's Oscar-winning actress Greer Garson . Garson 's acceptance speech as Best Actress ran nearly 6 minutes and is generally considered to be the longest acceptance speech at an Academy Awards ceremony .   Mrs. Miniver was the second film ( after My Man Godfrey in 1936 ) to receive nominations in all four acting categories , as well as the first film to garner five acting nominations .   Also notable at the ceremony , Irving Berlin presented the Academy Award for Best Song , which he ended up winning for `` White Christmas '' .   Best Documentary had four winners , something that has not happened before or since .   A portion of the ceremony was broadcast by CBS Radio .

neg: 1st Gemini Awards The 1st Gemini Awards were held in Toronto on 4 December 1986 to honour achievements in Canadian television . Gémeaux Award , the French version of the Gemini Awards were held for the first time this year as well . The 1985 television miniseries Anne of Green Gables was the most prominent winner .   English-language television coverage of the ceremonies was originally scheduled for broadcast on CBC Television , but labour disruptions at that network forced the telecast to move to a syndicated arrangement of private television stations including Toronto 's Citytv . Unused cable channels in Montreal carried the broadcast in that city . The inaugural Gemini Awards were hosted by Second City Television performers Eugene Levy , Andrea Martin and Dave Thomas from the Metro Toronto Convention Centre .

neg: 2006 MTV Movie Awards The 2006 MTV Movie Awards were hosted by Jessica Alba and featured performances by Christina Aguilera , AFI and Gnarls Barkley . In addition to the below awards , MTV gave lifetime achievement awards to Jim Carrey ( The MTV Generation Award ) and Spike Lee ( The Silver Bucket of Excellence , for Do the Right Thing ) .  MTV held its 15th annual movie awards show on Saturday , June 3 , at the Sony Pictures Studios in Culver City , California . MTV first broadcast the award show on 8 June at 9:00 pm ET . Tenth Planet Productions produced the awards , and Joel Gallen was the executive-producer and director for the 12th consecutive year .   This is also the second MTV Movie Awards show to have a host win an award . The first show was in 2004 with Lindsay Lohan winning an award . The host for the MTV Movie Awards in 2006 was Jessica Alba . Christina Aguilera performed , for the very first time , her lead single of her latest release Back to Basics , `` Ai n't No Other Man '' .  Pre-recorded parodies include The Da Vinci Code , Mission : Impossible III , and King Kong .

neg: Melanie Oliver Melanie Ann Oliver is a New Zealand film and television editor . She has edited numerous British films and television series , collaborating often with director Tom Hooper . Her work has received many accolades , including a BAFTA Award and two Emmy Award nominations .

neg: Thomas Bancroft (priest) Thomas Bancroft ( 1756 -- 1811 ) , was a vicar of Bolton-le-Moors in Lancashire , England .   Bancroft was the son of Thomas Bancroft , a thread-maker , was born in Deansgate , Manchester . At the age of six he was admitted into the Manchester Grammar School , where , in course of time , he became a teacher . He held a school exhibition from 1778 to 1781 , and graduated B.A. at Brasenose College , Oxford , 10 October 1781 . In 1780 he obtained the Craven scholarship ; in the same year he assisted in correcting the edition of Homer published by the Clarendon Press , and further helped Dr. Falconer in correcting an edition of Strabo . Being disappointed of a fellowship at Oxford , he returned to Manchester grammar school as assistant master , and remained there until he was appointed head-master of King Henry VIII 's school at Chester . ` Towards the end of last century , ' writes Dr. Ormerod , ` the school attained a considerable degree of classical celebrity under the direction of the late Rev. Thomas Bancroft , afterwards vicar of Bolton-le-Moors in Lancashire . Plays were occasionally performed by the boys , and a collection of Greek , Latin , and English exercises , partly written by the scholars and partly by Mr. Bancroft , was published at Chester ( 1788 ) under the title of `` Prolusiones Poeticæ ''' . While at this school he married Miss Bennett , of Willaston Hall , against the wishes of her father , a wine merchant in Chester . Her father prevented an attempted elopement by running his sword through Bancroft 's leg , a feat for which he had to pay Bancroft 1,000 l. compensation . A marriage soon afterwards took place in defiance of the father , who was never reconciled to his daughter . He bequeathed , however , 1,000 l. each to her two daughters . In 1793 Bancroft was presented by Bishop Cleaver to the living of Bolton-le-Moors , then worth about 250l . a year . In 1798 Bancroft was made chaplain to the Bolton volunteers by royal warrant , and four years previously he had been appointed domestic chaplain to Viscount Castle-Stewart . He was made one of the four ` king 's preachers ' allowed to the county of Lancaster by Dr. Majendie , bishop of Chester , in 1807 . He continued vicar of Bolton until his death on 5 February 1811 . There is a tablet to his memory in the parish church .   He published various sermons , the ` Prolusiones ' already mentioned , and wrote three dissertations ( Oxford , 1835 ) . Two tracts , ` The Credibility of Christianity vindicated , ' Manchester , 1831 , and ` The Englishman armed against the Infidel Spirit of the Times , ' Stockport , 1833 , were privately printed for his son-in-law , J. Bradshaw Isherwood . There remain several of his manuscripts in possession of the family of Major Fell , of Bolton , who married one of Bancroft 's granddaughters .

neg: American Film Institute Awards 2003 The American Film Institute ( AFI ) Awards 2003 honored the Top 10 Films and Top 10 Television Programs of the year .

neg: Ann Bancroft Ann Bancroft ( born September 29 , 1955 ) is an American author , teacher , and adventurer . She was the first woman to successfully finish a number of arduous expeditions to the Arctic and Antarctic . She was inducted as honorary member of the National Women 's Hall of Fame in 1995 .

neg: Anne Whitney Anne Whitney ( September 2 , 1821 -- January 23 , 1915 ) was an American sculptor and poet . She made full-length and bust sculptures of prominent political and historical figures and her works are in major museums in the United States . She received prestigious commissions for monuments . Two statues of Samuel Adams were made by Whitney and are located in Washington , D.C. 's National Statuary Hall Collection and in front of Faneuil Hall in Boston . She also created two monuments to Leif Erikson .   She made works that explored her liberal views regarding abolition , women 's rights , and other socials issues . Many prominent and historical men and women are depicted in her sculptures , like Harriet Beecher Stowe . She portrayed women who lived ground-breaking lives as suffragettes , professional artists , and non-traditional positions for women at the time , like noted economist and Wellesley College president Alice Freeman Palmer . Throughout her adult life , she lived an unconventional , independent life and had a lifelong relationship with fellow artist , Abby Adeline Manning , with whom she lived and traveled to Europe .

neg: List of actors nominated for two Academy Awards in the same year The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences has had occurrences of actors and actresses nominated for two different Academy Awards in acting categories in a single year , with the first instance in 1938 . Provided that they receive enough votes from the Academy in both categories to earn a nomination , there are no restrictions on actors being nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor and Best Supporting Actor or actresses being nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress and Best Supporting Actress in any given year . The sole rule with regard to multiple nominations is that an actor or actress can not receive multiple nominations for the same performance . This rule was introduced in 1944 after Barry Fitzgerald received a Best Actor nomination and a Best Supporting Actor nomination for his performance in Going My Way .   As of 2015 , 11 actors and actresses have been nominated for two different Academy Awards in the same year . The first of these actors and actresses was Fay Bainter , who received nominations for her performances in White Banners and Jezebel at the 11th Academy Awards . The most recent occurrence was during the 80th Academy Awards , in which Cate Blanchett received nominations for Elizabeth : The Golden Age and I 'm Not There . Seven of these actors and actresses received an Academy Award in one of the categories they were nominated in , and none have won two Academy Awards in the same year . Four did not receive an Academy Award in either category : Sigourney Weaver ( nominations for Gorillas in the Mist and Working Girl ) , Emma Thompson ( nominations for The Remains of the Day and In the Name of the Father ) , Julianne Moore ( nominations for Far from Heaven and The Hours ) , and Cate Blanchett ( nominations for Elizabeth : The Golden Age and I 'm Not There ) .

neg: Bancroft School of Massage Therapy The Bancroft School of Massage Therapy , located in Worcester , Massachusetts , was founded in 1950 by Henry LaFleur , proprietor of the Bancroft Health Center , a facility specializing in Swedish massage and sports massage since 1938 . He purchased the George School of Massage in Boston , Massachusetts , moved it to Worcester , and renamed it Bancroft School of Massage .

neg: BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language The BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . The award was first given at the 36th British Academy Film Awards , recognising the films of 1982 , and until 1990 was known as the BAFTA Award for Best Foreign Film . Prior to this , films recorded in a language other than English were often recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best Film , known between 1949 and 1969 as Best Film from any Source .   In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .

neg: Gillian Armstrong Gillian May Armstrong ( born 18 December 1950 ) is an award-winning Australian feature film and documentary director , who specializes in period-drama . Her films often feature female perspectives and protagonists .

neg: Bancroft, Ontario Bancroft is a town located on the York River in Hastings County in the Canadian province of Ontario . It was first settled in the 1850s by United Empire Loyalist and Irish immigrants . From the mid 1950s to about 1982 mining was the primary industry . A village until 1999 , Bancroft then merged with Dungannon Township to form the Town of Bancroft . The population at the time of the 2016 Census was 3,881 .

neg: List of awards and nominations received by Judi Dench The following is a list of awards and nominations received by actress Judi Dench .   Among her Major awards , Dench has won an Oscar , a Tony , seven Oliviers , six film and four television BAFTA Awards . She holds the record for most acting majors across all six American and British events , winning eighteen and receiving fifty two nominations . Other significant awards include two Golden Globes , two Screen Actors Guild Awards and ten critics awards . Overall in her career to date , she has won 55 competitive awards from 203 nominations . She has also received 10 honorary awards , including the lifetime achievement Special Olivier Award and the BAFTA Fellowship .

neg: Anne Matthews Anne Matthews is a college lecturer and author of articles and books with environmental and academic themes . Her book , Where the Buffalo Roam : Restoring America 's Great Plains was a 1993 Pulitzer Prize finalist in nonfiction . Deep Creek , written with William Howarth under the joint pen name `` Dana Hand '' , was selected by the Washington Post as one of the best novels of 2010 . Matthews is also the author of Bright College Years : Inside the American College Today , and Wild Nights : Nature Returns to the City .   Matthews served on the Library of America editorial board for the two-volume collection Reporting World War II , and she is a contributing editor for The American Scholar . She has served on the faculties of Princeton , Columbia , and New York University , and she was the first woman to direct the Princeton Writing Program . Her various articles and reviews have appeared in the New York Times , Outside , Orion , Preservation , and the Best American Science and Nature Writing .

neg: The Slender Thread The Slender Thread is a 1965 film starring Anne Bancroft and Sidney Poitier . It was the first feature-length film directed by Academy Award-winning director , producer and actor Sydney Pollack .   Poitier portrays Alan , a college student who is volunteering at Seattle 's then-new Crisis Clinic , a crisis call center . Shortly after beginning his night shift , Alan receives a call from a woman named Inga ( Bancroft ) who says she has just taken a lethal dose of pills and wants to talk to someone before she dies . The story line follows the efforts of Alan , a psychiatrist ( Telly Savalas ) and a detective ( Ed Asner ) to locate Inga and her husband ( Steven Hill ) . Various flashback scenes depict the events that led Inga to make the attempt on her life .   The film was inspired by a Life magazine article by Shana Alexander about actual events and partially shot on location in Seattle , Washington . The film offers an opening tracking shot of aerial Seattle circa 1965 .   This movie is noted for the physical tracing of the call to find Inga ( Bancroft ) before she dies . Throughout the movie , the call is traced by hand through several electro-mechanical telephone central office switches which leads to the hotel where Inga was staying ( originally the Hyatt House , now demolished ) near the Seattle-Tacoma Airport .


query: International Relations includes many subject matters.

pos: International relations International relations ( IR ) or international affairs , depending on academic institution , is either a field of political science , an interdisciplinary academic field similar to global studies , or an entirely independent academic discipline in which students take a variety of internationally focused courses in social science and humanities disciplines . In both cases , the field studies relationships between political entities ( polities ) such as states , sovereign states , empires , inter-governmental organizations ( IGOs ) , international non-governmental organizations ( INs ) , non-governmental organizations ( NGOs ) , and multinational corporations ( MNCs ) , and the wider world-systems produced by this interaction . International relations is an academic and a public policy field , and so can be positive and normative , because it analyzes and formulates the foreign policy of a given State .   As political activity , international relations dates from the time of the Greek historian Thucydides ( c. 460 -- 395 BC ) , and , in the early 20th century , became a discrete academic field ( No. 5901 in the 4-digit UNESCO Nomenclature ) within political science . In practice International Relations and International Affairs forms a separate academic program or field from Political Science , and the courses taught therein are highly interdisciplinary .   For example , international relations draws from the fields of : technology and engineering , economics , communication studies , history , international law , demography , philosophy , geography , social work , sociology , anthropology , criminology , psychology , gender studies , cultural studies , culturology , and diplomacy . The scope of international relations comprehends globalization , diplomatic relations , state sovereignty , international security , ecological sustainability , nuclear proliferation , nationalism , economic development , global finance , as well as terrorism and organized crime , human security , foreign interventionism , and human rights , as well , as , more recently , comparative religion .

neg: Institute of Race Relations The Institute of Race Relations is a think tank based in the United Kingdom . It was formed in 1958 in order to publish research on race relations worldwide , and in 1972 was transformed into an `` anti-racist think tank '' .   Proposed by Sunday Times editor Harry Hodson , the institute began as the Race Relations Unit of the Royal Institute of International Affairs in 1952 . Former Governor of the United Provinces Lord Hailey served as first chairman , while Philip Mason , formerly of the Indian Civil Service , served as its first director . The unit later became the Institute of Race Relations under the chairmanship of Sir Alexander Carr-Saunders . Mason remained as director .   The IRR 's objectives as an educational charity are to promote , encourage and support the study and understanding of , and exchange information about , relations between different races and peoples and the conditions in which they live and work ; to consider and advise on proposals and endeavours to improve race relations and these conditions ; and to promote knowledge on questions related to race relations .

neg: Israel Journal of Foreign Affairs The Israel Journal of Foreign Affairs is a foreign policy review focused especially on issues of international relations most pertinent to Israel and the Jewish people . It was established in 2006 by David Kimche and is published triannually by Routledge on behalf of the Israel Council on Foreign Relations ( ICFR ) . In addition to scholarly articles and reflections by Israeli and foreign statesmen , the journal publishes transcripts of ICFR events as well as book reviews . The journal has been called `` one of the best publications in the field '' and praised for its quality .

neg: Societal security Societal security is a concept developed by the Copenhagen School of security studies that refers to ` the ability of a society to persist in its essential character under changing conditions and possible or actual threats ' .   The end of the Cold War prompted scholars to rethink the paradigm of security independently from the state and the military . In Europe , the collapse of the Soviet Union led to the emergence of new states and sustained efforts to pursue the European Union ( EU ) integration . The new order called for a ( re ) conceptualisation of Europe and European security , which challenged classic understandings of security , as something that took place between states . The move towards an EU security was , thus , closely articulated around questions of EU identity , free movement of people and borders .  The concept of societal security , developed by scholars associated with the Copenhagen Peace Research Institute , is situated within this context . Societal security relates to : `` the ability of a society to persist in its essential character under changing conditions and possible or actual threats . ''   In ` Identity , Migration , and the New Security Agenda in Europe ' , Wæver notes the emergence of different conceptions of the nation-state , and further establishes a distinction between Western and Eastern Europe . In the West , a `` decoupling of state and nation '' takes place , as Member States , by seeking more integration , accept to relinquish some of their sovereignty . This move towards a `` post-sovereign '' nation-state is due to `` internationalisation and Europeanization '' processes , as international institutions assume increased influence over domestic affairs . Subsequently , communities , perceiving their identities to be threatened by this integration , can no longer call upon the state to protect them . A duality occurs between the security needs of the state and of society , where `` state security has sovereignty as its ultimate criterion , and societal security has identity '' . In the East , the emergence of new states , formed after the dismantlement of the Soviet Union , leads to more traditional attempts at merging the nation and the state ; thus , conflicts arise when the coupling can not be done ( i.e. Yugoslavia ) .   In ` Security : a new framework for analysis ' , Buzan et al. formalise their broader understanding of security by introducing five sectors , each governed by `` distinctive characteristics and dynamics '' , and conceptualised around particular referent objects and actors ( i.e. military , environmental , economic , societal and political ) . Societal security is about the survival of a community as a cohesive unit ; its referent object is '' large scale collective identities that can function independent of the state . ''  Societal insecurities arise when `` a society fears it would not be able to live as itself '' , and stem from :  migration : the influx of people will `` overrun or dilute '' a group 's identity e.g. the need to define Britishness ;  vertical competition : the integration of a group within a broader organisation e.g. euroscepticism with regards to EU integration , national-separatist claims ; and ,  horizontal competition : group is forced to integrate more influential identities within their own e.g. France 's cultural exception defending itself against American influences .   Societal security is not tied to a territory , as is state security , e.g. Kurds , where security matters of state and society widely diverge and enter into conflict .   Societal security in sociological viewpoint is :   Regarding security as an `` independent phenomenon '' :   So , societal security is n't threat , no opportunity . But it is a center and base , upon it the reliability and certainty of collective life could be gained .   Rereading of security from `` social '' perspective :   It means that security is based on collective life , the life of common people , instead of looking at differences and insisting on disagreement between groups and states that is key factor in determining threats and distinguish friend and foe .   Viewing security as `` social phenomenon '' :   Hence , societal security does n't need military weapons and soft power solutions . In other words , societal security does n't integrate with power and remain by converting links to social capitals .   Finally , threats and opportunities could be considered as deterrent or impeller factors .   So the final goal of societal security is comfort and understanding the beauty of collective life -- not an interest for government , not eliminating enemies , not confronting a threat for nation .

neg: Public diplomacy In international relations , public diplomacy or people 's diplomacy , broadly speaking , is the communication with and dissemination of propaganda to foreign public to establish a dialogue designed to inform and influence . There is no one definition of public diplomacy , and it may be easier to describe than to define it , as definitions vary and continue to change over time . It is practiced through a variety of instruments and methods ranging from personal contact and media interviews to the Internet and educational exchanges .

neg: Israeli–Palestinian conflict The Israeli -- Palestinian conflict ( -LSB- Ha'Sikhsukh Ha'Yisraeli - Falestini ; -LSB- al-Niza ' a al ` Filastini al ` Israili ) is the ongoing struggle between Israelis and Palestinians that began in the mid-20th century . The conflict is wide-ranging , and the term is sometimes also used in reference to the earlier sectarian conflict in Mandatory Palestine , between the Jewish yishuv and the Arab population under British rule . It has been referred to as the world 's `` most intractable conflict '' , with the ongoing Israeli occupation of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip reaching years .   Despite a long-term peace process and the general reconciliation of Israel with Egypt and Jordan , Israelis and Palestinians have failed to reach a final peace agreement . The key issues are : mutual recognition , borders , security , water rights , control of Jerusalem , Israeli settlements , Palestinian freedom of movement , and Palestinian right of return . The violence of the conflict , in a region rich in sites of historic , cultural and religious interest worldwide , has been the object of numerous international conferences dealing with historic rights , security issues and human rights , and has been a factor hampering tourism in and general access to areas that are hotly contested .   Many attempts have been made to broker a two-state solution , involving the creation of an independent Palestinian state alongside the State of Israel ( after Israel 's establishment in 1948 ) . In 2007 , the majority of both Israelis and Palestinians , according to a number of polls , preferred the two-state solution over any other solution as a means of resolving the conflict . Moreover , a majority of Jews see the Palestinians ' demand for an independent state as just , and thinks Israel can agree to the establishment of such a state . The majority of Palestinians and Israelis in the West Bank and Gaza Strip have expressed a preference for a two-state solution . Mutual distrust and significant disagreements are deep over basic issues , as is the reciprocal scepticism about the other side 's commitment to upholding obligations in an eventual agreement .   Within Israeli and Palestinian society , the conflict generates a wide variety of views and opinions . This highlights the deep divisions which exist not only between Israelis and Palestinians , but also within each society . A hallmark of the conflict has been the level of violence witnessed for virtually its entire duration . Fighting has been conducted by regular armies , paramilitary groups , terror cells , and individuals . Casualties have not been restricted to the military , with a large number of fatalities in civilian population on both sides . There are prominent international actors involved in the conflict .   The two parties engaged in direct negotiation are the Israeli government , currently led by Benjamin Netanyahu , and the Palestine Liberation Organization ( PLO ) , currently headed by Mahmoud Abbas . The official negotiations are mediated by an international contingent known as the Quartet on the Middle East ( the Quartet ) represented by a special envoy , that consists of the United States , Russia , the European Union , and the United Nations . The Arab League is another important actor , which has proposed an alternative peace plan . Egypt , a founding member of the Arab League , has historically been a key participant .   Since 2006 , the Palestinian side has been fractured by conflict between the two major factions : Fatah , the traditionally dominant party , and its later electoral challenger , Hamas . After Hamas 's electoral victory in 2006 , the Quartet conditioned future foreign assistance to the Palestinian National Authority ( PA ) on the future government 's commitment to non-violence , recognition of the State of Israel , and acceptance of previous agreements . Hamas rejected these demands , which resulted in the Quartet 's suspension of its foreign assistance program , and the imposition of economic sanctions by the Israelis . A year later , following Hamas 's seizure of power in the Gaza Strip in June 2007 , the territory officially recognized as the PA was split between Fatah in the West Bank , and Hamas in the Gaza Strip . The division of governance between the parties had effectively resulted in the collapse of bipartisan governance of the PA. . However , in 2014 , a Palestinian Unity Government , composed of both Fatah and Hamas , was formed . The latest round of peace negotiations began in July 2013 and was suspended in 2014 .

neg: Special Relationship The Special Relationship is the unofficial term for the exceptionally close political , diplomatic , cultural , economic , military and historical relations between the United Kingdom and the United States . It was used in a 1946 speech by Winston Churchill . Although both the United Kingdom and United States have close relationships with many other nations , the level of cooperation between them in economic activity , trade and commerce , military planning , execution of military operations , nuclear weapons technology , and intelligence sharing has been described as `` unparalleled '' among major powers .   The United Kingdom and United States have been close allies in numerous military and political conflicts throughout the 20th and 21st centuries including World War I , World War II , the Korean War , the Cold War , the Gulf War , and the War on Terror .

neg: Harvard Department of Social Relations The Department of Social Relations for Interdisciplinary Social Science Studies , more commonly known as the `` Department of Social Relations '' was an interdisciplinary collaboration among three of the social science departments at Harvard University ( anthropology , psychology , and sociology ) beginning in 1946 . Originally , the program was headquartered in Emerson Hall at Harvard before moving to William James Hall in 1965 . While the name `` Social Relations '' is often associated with the program 's long-time chair and guiding spirit , sociologist Talcott Parsons , many major figures of mid-20th-century social science also numbered among the program 's faculty , including psychologists Gordon Allport ( personality and motivation ) , Jerome Bruner ( cognitive psychology and narrative analysis ) , Roger Brown ( social psychology and psycholinguistics ) , and Henry Murray ( personality ) ; anthropologists Clyde and Florence Kluckhohn ( value orientations ) , John and Beatrice Whiting ( cross-cultural child development ) , Evon Z. Vogt ( comparative religion ) ; and sociologist Alex Inkeles ( Soviet studies and national character ) . Many of its graduate students also went on to be major figures in U.S. social sciences during the latter part of the twentieth century ; their work tends towards strong interdisciplinary and cross-disciplinary approaches .   Allport and Boring discussed the origins of the department 's name in the April 1946 issue of the American Psychologist :  While -LSB- academic -RSB- departmental lines have remained rigid , there has been developing during the last decade , a synthesis of socio-cultural and psychological sciences which is widely recognized within the academic world in spite of the fact that there is no commonly accepted name to designate the synthesis . We propose that Harvard adopt , and thus help establish , the term Social Relations to characterize the emerging discipline which deals not only with the body of fact and theory traditionally recognized as the subject matter of sociology , but also with that portion of psychological science that treats the individual within the social system , and that portion of anthropological science that is particularly relevant to the social and cultural patterns of literate societies .   Social Relations sponsored or collaborated in a number of research studies characterized by explicit cross-cultural comparisons and multidisciplinary approaches to problems of policy or social theory . Major projects included the Six Cultures Study ( headed by John and Beatrice Whiting , an anthropological study of child development in six different cultures , including a New England Baptist community ; a Philippine barrio ; an Okinawan village ; an Indian village in Mexico ; a northern Indian caste group ; and a rural tribal group in Kenya ) ; a multidisciplinary analysis of Soviet culture and society , published in part as How the Soviet System Works ; and the Comparative Study of Values in Five Cultures during the 1950s , which examined five very different communities living in the same region of Texas : Zuni , Navajo , Mormon ( LDS ) , Spanish-American ( Mexican-American ) , and Texas Homesteaders .   The curriculum of the Harvard Social Relations had four inter-related components :  Sociology ;  Social Psychology ;  Social Anthropology ; and  Personality Theory .   The program disaggregated into its component departments around 1972 , though a certain interdisciplinarity remained throughout the 1970s .   A similar program at Yale , the Institute for Human Relations , also now disbanded , developed the Human Relations Area Files ( HRAF ) , a cross-cultural database for comparative research , administered by Carol and Melvin Ember .

neg: New international division of labour In economics , the new international division of labor ( NIDL ) is an outcome of globalization . The term was coined by theorists seeking to explain the spatial shift of manufacturing industries from advanced capitalist countries to developing countries -- an ongoing geographic reorganization of production , which finds its origins in ideas about a global division of labor . It is a spatial division of labor which occurs when the process of production is no longer confined to national economies . Under the `` old '' international division of labor , until around 1970 , underdeveloped areas were incorporated into the world economy principally as suppliers of minerals and agricultural commodities . However , as developing economies are merged into the world economy , more production takes place in these economies .   This has led to a trend of transference , or what is also known as the `` global industrial shift '' , in which production processes are relocated from developed countries ( such as the US , European countries , and Japan ) to developing countries in Asia ( such as China , Vietnam , and India ) and Latin America . This is because companies search for the cheapest locations to manufacture and assemble components , so low-cost labor-intensive parts of the manufacturing process are shifted to the developing world where costs are substantially lower . Companies do so by taking advantage of transportation and communications technology , as well as fragmentation and locational flexibility of production . From 1953 to the late 1990s , the industrialized economies ' share of world manufacturing output declined from 95 % to 77 % , and the developing economies ' share more than quadrupled from 5 % to 23 % .   The resultant division of labor across continents closely follows the North -- South socio-economic and political divide , wherein the North -- with one quarter of the world population -- controls four fifths of the world income , while the South -- with three quarters of the world population -- has access to one fifth of the world income .

neg: Mexican Universities Comparative Study International rankings have impacted higher education policy as well as colleges and universities all over the world ( see College and university rankings ) . In most cases these rankings or hierarchical classifications of higher education institutions are not very sensitive to different historical developments and university traditions ; distinct roles played by colleges and universities in different countries ; or particular economic , cultural , social and political conditions , at the local , national or regional levels , that shape higher education institutions and systems in alternative ways .

neg: Policy studies Policy studies is the combination of policy analysis and program evaluation . It `` involves systematically studying the nature , causes , and effects of alternative public policies , with particular emphasis on determining the policies that will achieve given goals . ''   Policy Studies also examines the conflicts and conflict resolution that arise from the making of policies in civil society , the private sector , or more commonly , in the public sector ( e.g. government ) .   It is frequently focused on the public sector but is equally applicable to other kinds of organizations ( e.g. , the not-for-profit sector ) . Some policy study experts graduate from public policy schools with public policy degrees . Alternatively , experts may have backgrounds in policy analysis , program evaluation , sociology , psychology , philosophy , economics , anthropology , geography , law , political science , social work , environmental planning and public administration .   Traditionally , the field of policy studies focused on domestic policy , with the notable exceptions of foreign and defense policies . However , the wave of economic globalization , which ensued in the late 20th and early 21st centuries , created a need for a subset of policy studies that focuses on global governance , especially as it relates to issues that transcend national borders such as climate change , terrorism , nuclear proliferation , and economic development . This subset of policy studies , which is often referred to as international policy studies , typically requires mastery of a second language and attention to cross-cultural issues in order to address national and cultural biases . For example , the Monterey Institute of International Studies at Middlebury College offers Master of Arts programs that focus exclusively on international policy through a mix of interdisciplinary and cross-cultural analysis called the `` Monterey Way '' .

neg: Foreign policy A country 's foreign policy , also called foreign relations or foreign affairs - policy , consists of self-interest strategies chosen by the state to safeguard its national interests and to achieve goals within its international relations milieu . The approaches are strategically employed to interact with other countries . The study of such strategies is called foreign policy analysis . In recent times , due to the deepening level of globalization and transnational activities , the states will also have to interact with non-state actors . The aforementioned interaction is evaluated and monitored in attempts to maximize benefits of multilateral international cooperation . Since the national interests are paramount , foreign policies are designed by the government through high-level decision making processes . National interests accomplishment can occur as a result of peaceful cooperation with other nations , or through exploitation . Usually , creating foreign policy is the job of the head of government and the foreign minister ( or equivalent ) . In some countries the legislature also has considerable effects . Foreign policies of countries have varying rates of change and scopes of intent , which can be affected by factors that change the perceived national interests or even affect the stability of the country itself . The foreign policy of one country can have profound and lasting impact on many other countries and on the course of international relations as a whole , such as the Monroe Doctrine conflicting with the mercantilist policies of 19th-century European countries and the goals of independence of newly formed Central American and South American countries .

neg: Indian Defence Review Indian Defence Review ( IDR ) , the brainchild of former captain of the Indian Army , was launched on January 1 , 1986 as a logical continuum to Lancer established in 1979 , the first Indian publishing house dedicated to put forward the military experience and point of view .   Under the professional stewardship of its first two editors , Lt Gen Mathew Thomas ( 1986 ) and Maj Gen Afsir Karim ( 1993 ) , both distinguished paratroopers , IDR began public engagement and national debate on military and security issues , which received immediate attention of the defence establishment , policy makers and national leadership in India .   Continuing in this strong tradition and creating a niche , IDR publisher and its third editor , Capt Bharat Verma ( 1998 ) , succeeded in placing the national security challenges `` front and centre '' of the public debate . The reigns of this reputed Journal have passed into the hands of Lt Gen JS Bajwa ( Retired ) consequent to the sad and untimely demise of Capt Bharat Verma in July 2014 .   With the launch of web version of the Journal , www.indiandefencereview.com in 2006 , IDR became India 's preeminent public publication on foreign policy and national security issues .   The result of the spade work done by these three military officers in the private sector , for the first time brought the concerns of national security issues through a private forum in independent India to the national centre-stage .   IDR remains a highly reliable , unbiased and unique source for government and defence officials , strategic planners , analysts , journalists and the general public on contemporary geo-political and geo-strategic issues presented by cerebral professionals .   In addition , IDR extensively covers foreign policy , aerospace trends , naval affairs , army force development , and internal security and the defence industry . The Journal is a trusted , independent and comprehensive source of critical information and insight that is necessary for public debate and civil discourse on matters related to India 's sovereignty , national integrity , security and defence . When important national security and defence issues arise , IDR is not only part of the conversation but also shapes the national debate .   IDR brings together leading experts ( military , government and academia ) who provide the highest quality of well considered , timely and authoritative expert analysis of current national and international events , emerging trends relating to security and defence , historical analysis and strategic forecasting and offer realistic , practical and pragmatic solutions and policy options that help address security and defence challenges impacting India .   IDR writers have made deep inroads into national security and defence debate once considered to be the preserve of the establishment in New Delhi , which in the past only relied and depended on analysis imported from foreign publications .   IDR , the country 's premium and most prestigious journal , won accolades including `` India 's best known military publication '' and `` the most impressive , useful and independent publication '' and remains the `` most quoted '' . Considered a ` policy making journal , ' IDR is recommended reading by the Army , Navy , and the Air Force headquarters for officers .   Today , IDR is acknowledged as one of the top journals in the defence sector , is available in `` print '' as well as `` on-line '' and interacts with the social media .

neg: Un-American Un-American is a pejorative term of U.S. political discourse which is applied to ideas , people or institutions in the United States seen as deviating from what are widely perceived to be fundamental American cultural and political values .   The most famous use is in the title of the House Un-American Activities Committee which was started to investigate alleged disloyalty and subversive activities on the part of private citizens , public employees , and those organizations suspected of having Communist ties . By 1959 , former President Harry S. Truman had denounced the Committee as the `` most un-American thing in the country today '' . The Committee lost considerable prestige as the 1960s progressed , and it was abolished by the House of Representatives in 1975 .   The use and meaning of the term is by no means uniform in the US . Due in part to these historical associations with political abuses and jingoism , the attitudes of Americans toward the pejorative use of `` Un-American '' are often critical or suspicious . Moreover , Americans may vary widely in what they believe to be un-American .

neg: Commonwealth of Independent States The Commonwealth of Independent States ( CIS ; -LSB- Содружество Независимых Государств , СНГ , r = Sodruzhestvo Nezavisimykh Gosudarstv , SNG -RSB- ) , also called the Russian Commonwealth ( to distinguish it from the British Commonwealth of Nations ) , is a regional organization formed during the dissolution of the Soviet Union . Nine out of the 15 former Soviet Republics are member states , and two are associate members ( Ukraine and Turkmenistan ) . Georgia withdrew its membership in 2008 , while the Baltic states , which regard their membership in the Soviet Union as an illegal occupation , ( Estonia , Lithuania and Latvia ) chose not to participate .   The CIS has few supranational powers but aims to be more than a purely symbolic organization , nominally possessing coordinating powers in the realms of trade , finance , lawmaking , and security . It has also promoted cooperation on cross-border crime prevention . Furthermore , eight of the nine CIS member states participate in the CIS Free Trade Area . Three organizations are under the overview of the CIS , namely the Collective Security Treaty Organization , the Eurasian Economic Union ( alongside subdivisions , the Eurasian Customs Union and the Eurasian Economic Space , which comprises territory inhabited by over 180 million people ) , and the Union State . While the first and the second are military and economic alliances , the third aims to reach a confederation of Russia and Belarus with a common government , flag , currency , etc. .

neg: International Relations Council The International Relations Council ( IRC ) is a non-partisan organization which provides world affairs educational programming in Kansas City , Missouri . The IRC develops and maintains various programs to foster understanding of international affairs among the citizens of the greater Kansas City area . Programs emphasize the role of the informed and responsible citizen in the formulation , development and conduct of United States foreign policy . Since its founding , IRC has hosted many world leaders , including cabinet level officials , ambassadors , and leaders from business , media , politics , government , and education . Guests give lectures and presentations on international politics , economics , and social issues .

neg: International Studies journal ` International Studies ' publishes original research articles on a wide range of issues and problems , as well as on the theoretical debates of contemporary relevance in the broader field of International Relations and Area Studies .  Published in association with Jawaharlal Nehru University , New Delhi  This journal is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics ( COPE ) .

neg: International Studies Association The International Studies Association ( ISA ) is a professional association for scholars , practitioners and graduate students in the field of international studies . Founded in 1959 , ISA now has over 7,000 members in 110 countries and is the most respected and widely known scholarly association in this field . Endeavoring to create communities of scholars dedicated to international studies , ISA is divided into 6 geographic subdivisions ( Regions ) , 29 thematic groups ( Sections ) and 4 Caucuses which provide opportunities to exchange ideas and research with local colleagues and within specific subject areas . ISA publishes leading journals in the field of international studies and the annual convention routinely draws over 6,500 attendees .   ISA publishes six academic journals ( International Studies Quarterly , International Studies Review , International Studies Perspectives , Foreign Policy Analysis , International Political Sociology , Journal of Global Security Studies , co-sponsors a seventh ( International Interactions ) , publishes a comprehensive compendium of international studies and maintains a variety of online resources for the international academic community .   It is a US association with headquarters in Storrs , Connecticut .

neg: American University School of International Service The School of International Service ( SIS ) is American University 's school of advanced international study in the areas of international politics , international communication , international development , international economic relations , peace and conflict resolution , global environmental politics , and U.S. foreign policy .   The School of International Service was created when AU 's Hurst Anderson was urged by President Dwight D. Eisenhower to create a school of practitioners prepared for foreign policy beyond the U.S. -- Soviet rivalry . Since 1957 , SIS has prepared thousands of graduates to represent their country in the global arena by `` waging peace '' and employing the hallmarks of thoughtful diplomacy .   SIS is the largest school of international relations in the United States , enrolling more than 2,000 students from over 150 countries . The school makes extensive use of the academic and governmental resources offered by the university 's location in Washington , D.C.   Foreign Policy , in its 2015 rankings of top international affairs programs , ranked the school 's master 's and undergraduate programs as 8th - and 9th-best in the world , respectively . SIS is also consistently ranked in conjunction with American University 's School of Public Affairs as a leading program in the country by U.S. News & World Report 's college and university rankings . SIS is also a full member of The Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs .

neg: Political sociology Contemporary political sociology involves , but is not limited to , the study of the relations between state , society , and citizens . Where a typical research question in political sociology might have been `` Why do so few American or European citizens choose to vote ? '' or even `` What difference does it make if women get elected ? '' , political sociologists also now ask : `` How is the body a site of power ? '' , `` How are emotions relevant to global poverty ? '' , or `` What difference does knowledge make to democracy ? ''

neg: Country of Particular Concern Country of Particular Concern ( CPC ) is a designation by the United States Secretary of State ( under authority delegated by the President ) of a nation guilty of particularly severe violations of religious freedom under the International Religious Freedom Act ( IRFA ) of 1998 ( H.R. 2431 ) and its amendment of 1999 ( Public Law 106-55 ) . The term `` particularly severe violations of religious freedom '' means systematic , ongoing , egregious violations of religious freedom , including violations such as :   a ) Torture or cruel , inhuman , or degrading treatment or punishment ;  b ) Prolonged detention without charges ;  c ) Causing the disappearance of persons by the abduction or clandestine detention of those persons ; or  d ) Other flagrant denials of the right to life , liberty , or the security of persons . Nations so designated are subject to further actions , including economic sanctions , by the United States .   Issuing recommendations as to countries it believes should be designated as countries of particular concern for their religious liberty violations is the United States Commission on International Religious Freedom , a separate agency created by IRFA ( along with the U.S. Department of State 's Office of International Religious Freedom ) to monitor the state of religious freedom around the world . Both entities provide policy recommendations to the president , the secretary of state and US Congress . Its recommendations are not always followed by the Secretary of State .   The latest report from February 29 , 2016 , designated each of the following nations as a CPC :   Each of these states was included on the previous year 's report except Tajikistan .


query: The Underworld series began in 2003 with a movie of the same name.

pos: Underworld (film series) Underworld is a series of action horror films directed by Len Wiseman , Patrick Tatopoulos , Måns Mårlind , Björn Stein and Anna Foerster . The first film , Underworld , was released in 2003 . It tells the story of Selene ( Kate Beckinsale ) , a vampire who works as a Death Dealer , killing the lycans ( Werewolves ) who allegedly slaughtered her family . The second film , Underworld : Evolution , was released in 2006 . In this film , Selene takes Michael Corvin , a lycan/vampire hybrid , to a vampire safehouse and plans to return to Viktor 's estate to awaken another elder Markus , whom they discover is the first Vampire and a powerful enemy . The third film , Underworld : Rise of the Lycans , is the prequel to the series , chronicling the origins of the vampire-lycan war ( it was released on January 23 , 2009 ) . The fourth film , Underworld : Awakening , is the sequel to Underworld : Evolution and was released on January 20 , 2012 . In this film , humans have discovered the existence of the vampire and lycan clans , and are trying to eradicate both species . A fifth film titled Underworld : Blood Wars was released internationally on November 24 , 2016 , and in the United States on January 6 , 2017 .   Despite receiving generally negative reviews from critics , the five films have grossed a total of $ 539 million , against a combined budget of $ 212 million .

neg: Mystics (film) Mystics is a 2003 film starring Milo O'Shea and David Kelly , and directed by David Blair .

neg: Gothika Gothika is a 2003 American psychological horror thriller film directed by Mathieu Kassovitz and written by Sebastian Gutierrez . Halle Berry plays a psychiatrist in a women 's mental hospital who wakes up one day to find herself on the other side of the bars , accused of having murdered her husband . The film was first released on November 21 , 2003 in the United States . At the time of its release , Gothika was the most successful film from Dark Castle Entertainment , with a worldwide gross of $ 141.6 million .

neg: Kidulthood (film series) Kidulthood is a series of British drama films . The film series began in 2006 with Kidulthood , which was followed by the sequels Adulthood and Brotherhood . The series focuses on the lives of several teenagers in Ladbroke Grove and Latimer Road area of inner west London . The film series has earned over # 7 million worldwide .

neg: The Witch Affair The Witch Affair ( Cosa de brujas ) is a 2003 Spanish film written by Amalio Cuevas and Agustín Póveda , and directed by José Miguel Juárez .

neg: Artworks (film) Artworks is a 2003 crime film .

neg: Flesh for the Beast Flesh for the Beast is a 2003 fantasy-horror film directed and written by Terry M. West . The movie was released on September 27 , 2003 and surrounded a group of parapsychologists that investigate a haunted mansion and end up finding more than they intended . A graphic novel tie-in was released the following year through Media Blasters .

neg: Disobedience (2003 film) Disobedience is a 2003 drama film directed by Licínio Azevedo .

neg: Infernal Affairs (film series) Infernal Affairs is a series of three crime-thriller films directed by Andrew Lau and Alan Mak , starring Andy Lau and Tony Leung . It tells the story of a police officer who infiltrates the triads , and a police officer secretly working for the same gang . The Chinese title means `` the non-stop way '' , a reference to Avici , the lowest level of hell in Buddhism . The English title is a word play combining the law enforcement term `` internal affairs '' with the adjective ` infernal ' .

neg: Power Play (2003 film) Power Play is a 2003 American action film directed by Joseph Zito and starring Dylan Walsh , Alison Eastwood , Tobin Bell and Brixton Karnes .

neg: The Cooler The Cooler is a 2003 American romantic drama film directed by Wayne Kramer . The original screenplay was written by Kramer and Frank Hannah . In old-school gambling parlance , a casino `` cooler '' is an unlucky individual , usually a casino employee , whose mere presence at the gambling tables usually results in a streak of bad luck for the other players .

neg: Bugs (2003 film) Bugs is a 2003 American science-fiction-horror film that debuted as a Sci Fi Pictures TV-movie on the Sci Fi Channel on September 9 , 2003 . It starred Angie Everhart and Antonio Sabato Jr. .

neg: The Twins Effect The Twins Effect , also known as Vampire Effect in the United States , is a 2003 Hong Kong film directed by Dante Lam and Donnie Yen . The film was derived from Cantopop group Twins , starring both members Charlene Choi and Gillian Chung in the leading roles . Co-stars include Edison Chen and Ekin Cheng . Jackie Chan makes a  cameo appearance as an ambulance driver .   Following its release on 8 March 2003 , The Twins Effect was a box-office success in Hong Kong , became the highest grossing domestic film of the year . The film gained huge popularity , mainly from fans of Twins .

neg: Underworld (Vamps album) Underworld is the fourth album by Vamps , released on 28 April 2017 . The production took place in Henderson , Nevada by producer Kane Churko .

neg: They (2002 film) They ( also known as Wes Craven Presents : They ) is a 2002 American supernatural horror film directed by Robert Harmon . The plot centers on a group of four adults named Julia Lund , Sam Burnside , Terry Alba , and Billy Parks and their experience with the phenomenon of night terrors and the impact they had on their lives as children and how they come back to haunt them as adults .   The film was produced by Ted Field , Tom Engleman , and Wes Craven who served as executive producer . The film stars Laura Regan , Ethan Embry , Dagmara Dominczyk , Jay Brazeau , and Marc Blucas . The title is a reference to the fact that the creatures are only referred to as `` They '' as their origins are ambiguous . The film was a box office bomb and had lukewarm reviews from critics .

neg: Darkness Falls Darkness Falls may refer to :   Darkness Falls ( 1999 film ) , a British drama starring Ray Winstone  Darkness Falls ( 2003 film ) , an American horror film starring Emma Caulfield  Darkness Falls ( The X-Files ) , a 1994 episode of The X-Files  Darkness Falls , a 1997 online fantasy role-playing game by Mythic Entertainment  Darkness Falls , a 1994 Hardy Boys Casefiles novel  Darkness Falls , a Danish pop-noir duo formed in 2009  Darkness Falls ( The Legend of Korra ) , a 2013 episode of The Legend of Korra

neg: The Fourth World War The Fourth World War is a 2003 feature film directed by Richard Rowley .

neg: Dark City (1998 film) Dark City is a 1998 American-Australian neo-noir science fiction film directed by Alex Proyas . The screenplay was written by Proyas , Lem Dobbs and David S. Goyer . The film stars Rufus Sewell , Kiefer Sutherland , Jennifer Connelly , and William Hurt . Sewell plays John Murdoch , an amnesiac man who finds himself suspected of murder . Murdoch attempts to discover his true identity and clear his name while on the run from the police and a mysterious group known only as the `` Strangers '' .   The majority of the film was shot at Fox Studios Australia . It was jointly produced by New Line Cinema and Mystery Clock Cinema . New Line Cinema distributed the theatrical release . The film premiered in the United States on February 27 , 1998 . The film was nominated for Hugo and Saturn Awards . For the theatrical release , the studio was concerned that the audience would not understand the film and asked Proyas to add an explanatory voice-over narration to the introduction . A director 's cut was released in 2008 , restoring and preserving Proyas 's original artistic vision for the film . Some critics have noted its similarities and possible influence on the Matrix series , which came out a year later .

neg: Return of the Bastards Return of the Bastards is a 2003 Greek exploitation film directed by Fokionas Bogris and starring Apostolos Souglakos , Christos Natsios , Nikos Tsachiridis and Fay Demani .

neg: Johnny English Johnny English is a 2003 British spy comedy film parodying the James Bond secret agent genre infused with comedy similar to Atkinson 's Mr. Bean character . The film stars Rowan Atkinson , Natalie Imbruglia , Ben Miller and John Malkovich . The screenplay was written by Bond writers Neal Purvis and Robert Wade , with William Davies , and the film was directed by Peter Howitt .   The film grossed a total of $ 160 million worldwide . The film was followed by a sequel , 2011 's Johnny English Reborn . The film was released in the United Kingdom on April 11 , 2003 , and topped the country 's box office for the next three weekends , before being overtaken by X2 . A second sequel is in pre-production and will release in October 2018 .

neg: After School (film) After School is a 2003 Singaporean crime film directed by Zhu Houren . The film was commissioned by Singapore 's National Crime Prevention Council . It is based on a true story .