query: Hotel Transylvania is an independent production.

pos: Hotel Transylvania Hotel Transylvania is a 2012 American 3D computer-animated fantasy comedy film produced by Sony Pictures Animation for Columbia Pictures . It was directed by Genndy Tartakovsky and produced by Michelle Murdocca , and stars the voices of Adam Sandler , Andy Samberg , Selena Gomez , Kevin James , Fran Drescher , Steve Buscemi , Molly Shannon , David Spade , and CeeLo Green . The film tells a story of Count Dracula , the owner of a hotel called Hotel Transylvania where the world 's monsters can take a rest from human civilization . Dracula invites some of the most famous monsters to celebrate the 118th birthday of his daughter Mavis . When the `` human-free hotel '' is unexpectedly visited by an ordinary 21-year-old traveler named Jonathan , Dracula must protect Mavis from falling in love with him before the hotel 's guests learn that there is a human in the castle , which may jeopardize the hotel 's future and his career .   The film was released on September 28 , 2012 and was met with mixed critical reception , while the general public received it favorably . Despite this , Hotel Transylvania earned a total of $ 358 million against a budget of $ 85 million at the box office . The film was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Animated Feature Film . It launched a franchise with a sequel titled Hotel Transylvania 2 , which takes place seven years after the film , released in 2015 , and a third film scheduled for 2018 . A television series based on the film is planned to premiere on Disney Channel in June 2017 , and it will focus on the teenage years of Mavis and her friends at the Hotel Transylvania .

neg: Tomorrowland (film) Tomorrowland ( subtitled A World Beyond in some regions ) is a 2015 American science-fiction mystery adventure film directed and co-written by Brad Bird . Bird co-wrote the film 's screenplay with Damon Lindelof , from an original story treatment by Bird , Lindelof and Jeff Jensen . The film stars George Clooney , Hugh Laurie , Britt Robertson , Raffey Cassidy , Tim McGraw , Kathryn Hahn and Keegan-Michael Key . In the film , a disillusioned genius inventor and a teenage science enthusiast embark to an ambiguous alternate dimension known as `` Tomorrowland '' where their actions directly affect the world and themselves .   Walt Disney Pictures originally announced the film in June 2011 under the working title 1952 , and later retitled it to Tomorrowland , after the futuristic themed land found at Disney theme parks . In drafting their story , Bird and Lindelof took inspiration from the progressive cultural movements of the Space Age , as well as Walt Disney 's optimistic philosophy of the future , notably his conceptual vision for the planned community known as EPCOT . Principal photography began in August 2013 , with footage shot in British Columbia , Alberta , Florida , and Spain with second unit filming in France , California and the Bahamas .   Tomorrowland was released in conventional and IMAX formats on May 22 , 2015 , and was the first theatrical film to be released in Dolby Vision and Dolby Cinema . Upon its release , the film received mixed reviews from critics ; earning praise for its original premise , musical score , action , visuals , and themes , but criticism in regards to the screenplay 's uneven writing and tone . The film grossed $ 209 million worldwide against a total production and marketing cost of $ 330 million , losing Disney $ 120 -- 140 million .

neg: Dracula 2012 Dracula 2012 ( released in Tamil as Naangam Pirai and in Telugu as Punnami Ratri ) is a 2013 Indian 3-D horror film directed by Vinayan , starring Sudheer Sukumaran , Prabhu , Monal Gajjar , Nassar , Shraddha Das and Thilakan . The film was shot in the Malayalam , Telugu , and Tamil languages simultaneously , with additional scenes and songs featuring Tamil and Telugu actors . The film was dubbed in English for a Western release and later dubbed in Hindi as `` Aur Ek Dracula '' . Portions of the film were shot in Bran Castle in Romania . The cost of the film was 120 million and was originally released on 8 February 2013 .

neg: CineTel Films CineTel Films Inc. is an independent film production company and distributor based in West Hollywood , California .

neg: IFC Films IFC Films is an American film production and distribution company based in New York City . It is an offshoot of IFC owned by AMC Networks . It distributes independent films and documentaries under its namesake , Sundance Selects and IFC Midnight brands . It operates the IFC Center .

neg: Gothic film The Gothic film is a film that is based on Gothic fiction or contains Gothic elements . Since various definite film genres -- including science fiction , film noir , thriller , and comedy -- have used Gothic elements , the Gothic film is challenging to define clearly as a genre . Gothic elements have also infused the horror film genre , contributing supernatural and nightmarish elements . To create a Gothic atmosphere , filmmakers have sought to create new camera tricks that challenge audiences ' perceptions . Gothic films also reflected contemporary issues . A New Companion to The Gothics Heidi Kaye said `` strong visuals , a focus on sexuality and an emphasis on audience response '' characterize Gothic films like they did the literary works . The Encyclopedia of the Gothic said the foundation of Gothic film was the combination of Gothic literature , stage melodrama , and German expressionism .   In The Cambridge Companion to Gothic Fiction , Misha Kavka says Gothic film is not an established genre , rather contributing Gothic images , plots , characters , and styles to films . These elements are often found in `` the broader category of horror '' . Kavka quotes William Patrick Day 's definition of the Gothic , '' -LSB- it -RSB- tantalizes us with fear , both as its subject and its effect ; its does so , however , not primarily through characters or plots or even language , but through spectacle '' . Cinema suits the Gothic definition in creating images that establish the spectacle .

neg: Mandeville Films Mandeville Films is an American independent film production company headquartered at the Walt Disney Studios . Founded in 1995 by film producer David Hoberman , the company re-formed as Mandeville Films and Television in 2002 after a short hiatus , with Hoberman and Todd Lieberman as partners and co-owners .

neg: Hotel Imperial (1939 film) Hotel Imperial is a 1939 American dramatic film directed by Robert Florey . It stars Isa Miranda and Ray Milland .   The plot follows a 1917 play by the Hungarian writer Lajos Bíró : in the waning days of World War I , on the Russian-Austrian frontier , a young woman looking to avenge the suicide of her sister poses as a chambermaid in the Hotel Imperial .   A Hungarian silent film was released in 1918 , and an American version starring Pola Negri in 1927 . The history of this production began in 1936 , with Marlene Dietrich and Charles Boyer in the lead roles , but Dietrich clashed repeatedly with director Henry Hathaway . Filming resumed with Margaret Sullavan , who broke her arm , necessitating yet another cast change . Four years after the release of this version , Five Graves to Cairo ( 1943 ) moved the setting ahead to World War II and featured Franchot Tone and Ann Baxter .   Milland had a near-fatal accident on the set . One scene called for him to lead a cavalry charge through a small village . Milland insisted upon doing this scene himself , but as he was making a scripted jump on the horse , his saddle came loose , sending him flying straight into a pile of broken masonry . Knocked unconscious for 24 hours , he was laid up in the hospital for weeks with multiple fractures and lacerations .

neg: Beverly Hills Film Festival The Beverly Hills Film Festival ( BHFF ) is a film festival in the United States founded in 2001 by independent filmmaker Nino Simone . The festival is an international competition dedicated to showcasing the art and talent of emerging filmmakers and screenplay writers from around the world .   The festival lasts five days and is reportedly attended by more than 20,000 people a year . Venues include the AMPAS , Writers Guild , Chinese Theater and The Clarity Theatre . The festival winds up with the black tie awards ceremony . In 2013 the festival was launched internationally with an event in Tokyo .   The BHFF emphasizes awards to first-time filmmakers . On the final night of the Festival , the jury ( usually made up of film professionals from all over the globe ) presents its awards , including the Golden Palm Award for best picture , at a black-tie gala at the Four Seasons Beverly Wilshire Hotel .

neg: Discount theater Discount theaters , also known as dollar theatres , dollar movies , second-run theatres , and sub-run theatres , are movie theaters that show motion pictures for reduced prices after the films leave first-run theatres . Originally , they would receive 35mm films after they had been shown already at first run theaters ; therefore the film quality would be lower because the film was worn by dozens of showings , and the audience for the film would be reduced since it had been released weeks or months before .   At the time , VHS was just rising as an affordable home video technology . Consequently , budget-conscious film-goers might wait for a film to hit the local dollar house instead of paying more money to see the film first-run .   As the 21st century dawned , a pair of factors conspired to drive many discount theatres out of business : 1 ) an oversupply of American movie screens caused by ambitious overbuilding allowed films to stay longer in the first-run theatres , and 2 ) the delay between theatrical release and VHS or DVD release continued to shrink . This latter factor convinced many moviegoers that it was simply not worth the money , hassle , and possible encounters with noisy fellow patrons and sticky floors , meaning dollar theatres could be in the twilight of their existence .

neg: Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film .   The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .

neg: Black Sunday (1960 film) Black Sunday ( Italian : La maschera del demonio ) -- also known as The Mask of Satan and Revenge of the Vampire -- is a 1960 Italian gothic horror film directed by Mario Bava , from a screenplay by Ennio de Concini , Mario Serandrei and Marcello Coscia ( who was uncredited ) . The film stars Barbara Steele , John Richardson , Arturo Dominici and Ivo Garrani . It was Bava 's directorial debut , although he had completed several previous feature films without credit . Based very loosely on Nikolai Gogol 's short story `` Viy '' , the narrative concerns a witch who is put to death by her own brother , only to return 200 years later to seek revenge on her descendants .   By the social standards of the 1960s , Black Sunday was considered unusually gruesome , and was banned in the UK until 1968 because of its violence . In the U.S. , some of the gore was censored , in-house , by the distributor American International Pictures before its theatrical release to the country 's cinemas , where it was shown as a double feature with Roger Corman 's The Little Shop of Horrors . Despite the censorship , Black Sunday was a worldwide critical and box office success , and launched the careers of director Mario Bava and movie star Barbara Steele . In 2004 , one of its sequences was voted number 40 among the `` 100 Scariest Movie Moments '' by the Bravo TV network .

neg: Bucharest Non Stop Bucharest Non Stop ( București NonStop ) is a 2015 Romanian comedy film directed by the Romanian actor , director and film producer .

neg: Dracula's Shadow – The Real Story Behind the Romanian Revolution Dracula 's Shadow -- The Real Story Behind the Romanian Revolution is a new documentary film that reveals the secret mission from Canada in March 1989 to tape a clandestine TV interview with Romania 's biggest dissident , László Tőkés , that would later spark the Romanian Revolution .   Two French-Canadians - Michel Clair ( a former Cabinet Minister in the Parti Québecois ) and Réjean Roy ( a reporter for Radio-Canada ) worked together with Tőkés ' brother - István - who was living in Montreal to help set up the trip . The mission succeeded , and the tapes of the interview got out to the West with the aid of underground couriers just before Clair and Roy were arrested by the Romanian secret police ( Securitate ) . The two Canadians were eventually released . That interview was then first broadcast on July 24 , 1989 , on the `` Panoráma '' TV show on Hungarian State TV ( MTV ) which could also be seen in western Romania .   In the interview László Tőkés , a member of Romania 's large Hungarian minority , criticized the harsh living conditions in the country and the discriminatory policies against national minorities pursued by Romanian dictator Nicolae Ceauşescu . Because of the interview Tőkés was fired and after several court challenges was given the final deadline of Friday , Dec. 15 , 1989 to leave his church . On the previous Sunday - Sunday , Dec. 10 - Tőkés told his parishioners to come out on the Friday to bear witness as to what will happen . Instead , first dozens , then hundreds and eventually thousands of people came out and surroundeded his church to protect Tőkés from advancing Securitate and military . By the evening of Dec. 16 fighting broke out outside Tőkés ' church that then spread across the city and then across the country .   The film reveals how the Securitate was initially outfoxed , uncovers information from Securitate archives in Bucharest about attempts by Ceausescu to silence Tőkés , and talks about informers working for the Securitate . It also has an extensive interview with former Securitate Major Radu Tinu who was responsible for Tőkés .   Today László Tőkés is a member of the European Parliament .   The world premiere of the cinema version of the film will be in Timişoara on Dec. 15 , 2009 , on the 20th anniversary of the Romanian Revolution . Hungary 's DUNA-TV will also broadcast a 52-minute version on Dec. 15 .

neg: Major film studio A major film studio is a production and film distributor that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box office revenue in a given market . In the North American , Western , and global markets , the major film studios , often simply known as the majors , are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various film production and distribution subsidiaries collectively command approximately 80 to 85 percent of U.S. and Canadian box office revenue . The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary motion picture business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate .   The `` Big Six '' majors , whose operations are based in or around the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood , are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood 's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s . In three cases -- 20th Century Fox , Warner Bros. , and Paramount -- the studios were one of the `` Big Five '' majors during that era as well . In two cases -- Columbia and Universal -- the studios were also considered majors , but in the next tier down , part of the `` Little Three '' . In the sixth case , Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age ; it was an important Hollywood entity , but not a major . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , United Artists , and RKO were majors .   Today , Disney is the only member of the Big Six whose parent entity is still located near Los Angeles ( actually , on Disney 's studio lot and in the same building ) . The five others report to conglomerates headquartered in New York City , Philadelphia , and Tokyo . Of the Big Six , Paramount is the only one still based in Hollywood , and Paramount and Fox are the only ones still located within the Los Angeles city limits , while Disney and Warner Bros. are located in Burbank , Columbia in Culver City , and Universal in the unincorporated area of Universal City .   Most of today 's Big Six control subsidiaries with their own distribution networks that concentrate on arthouse pictures ( e.g. Fox Searchlight Pictures ) or genre films ( e.g. Sony 's Screen Gems ) ; several of these specialty units were shut down or sold off between 2008 and 2010 . The six major studios are contrasted with smaller production and/or distribution companies , which are known as independents or `` indies '' . The leading independent producer/distributors -- Lionsgate Films , The Weinstein Company , and former major studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer -- are sometimes referred to as `` mini-majors '' . From 1998 through 2005 , DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major , despite its relatively small output . In 2006 , DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom , Paramount 's corporate parent . In late 2008 , DreamWorks once again became an independent production company ; its films were distributed by Disney 's Touchstone Pictures until 2016 , at which point distribution switched to Universal .   The Big Six major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies -- either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film . The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures in which the studio has had no prior involvement . While the majors still do a modicum of true production , their activities are focused more in the areas of development , financing , marketing , and merchandising . Those business functions are still usually performed in or near Los Angeles , even though the runaway production phenomenon means that most films are now mostly or completely shot on location at places outside Los Angeles .   Since the dawn of filmmaking , the U.S. major film studios have dominated both American cinema and the global film industry . U.S. studios have benefited from a strong first-mover advantage in that they were the first to industrialize filmmaking and master the art of mass-producing and distributing high-quality films with broad cross-cultural appeal . Today , the Big Six majors routinely distribute hundreds of films every year into all significant international markets ( that is , where discretionary income is high enough for consumers to afford to watch films ) . It is very rare , if not impossible , for a film to reach a broad international audience on multiple continents and in multiple languages without first being picked up by one of the majors for distribution .

neg: Independent Dream Machine Independent Dream Machine is an Allentown , Pennsylvania-based production company founded by film producer Zeke Zelker in 1997 . Past feature film include Affairs ( 1997 ) , A.K.A. : It 's a Wiley World ! ( 2003 ) , Fading ( 2003 ) , Loggerheads ( 2005 ) and InSearchOf ( 2009 ) .

neg: Split Film Festival Split Film Festival or Split International Festival of New Film , is one of the oldest film and video festivals in Croatia that showcases new , creative , personal , radical works of all styles , themes , genres and lengths , whether film , or new media , preferably from outside the mainstream . Festival 's previous guests included Chris Marker , Jonas Mekas , Jean Marie Straub & Daniele Huillot , late Stan Brakhage , Claire Denis , Bela Tarr , Lars von Trier and Cyrus Frisch .   The Festival presents screenings of selected films , videos , interactive media , installations , performances , retrospectives workshops , discussions and festival 's catalogue .   Split Film Festival takes place every Summer in Split , Croatia . The Festival is open to all new , innovative , personal , experimental film , radical , subversive etc. work ( film , video and new media ) of all genres and lengths , preferably from outside the mainstream , whether it was made on a shoestring budget or is a studio release .

neg: Eccleston Square Hotel Eccleston Square Hotel is an independently owned boutique hotel located in Pimlico , London , and known for its technology features provided to guests . It has been referred to as Europe 's most high-tech hotel by Condé Nast Traveler and featured as one of Five Hotels With Top-Notch Technology by Forbes .

neg: At the Hotel At the Hotel is a Canadian drama-comedy-musical mini-series concerning the goings-on at an illustrious Montreal hotel , known for its favourable treatment of struggling artists . Created by Ken Finkleman and produced by One Hundred Percent Television , the series aired on CBC Television in 2006 . The music is composed by Robert Carli . This is the only Ken Finkleman production in which he did not cast himself as a character . He does however make a very brief on-screen appearance as a member of the crew shooting a music video in the hotel .

neg: Hotel Cabana Hotel Cabana is the debut studio album by British record producer Shahid `` Naughty Boy '' Khan , released from 23 August 2013 through Naughty Boy Recordings and Virgin EMI . Khan set up his Naughty Boy Productions record and production company . He would find his break by producing Chipmunk 's 2009 top-ten single `` Diamond Rings '' , featuring a then unknown Emeli Sandé . Naughty Boy released his own debut single as a signed artist in 2010 . `` Never Be Your Woman '' samples White Town 's 1997 number-one single `` Your Woman '' and featured British grime artist Wiley and Sandé on the chorus ; it reached the top ten in the UK and is included as a bonus track on Hotel Cabana .   The collaboration marked the start of a partnership between Naughty Boy and Sandé which is seen throughout Hotel Cabana and Sandé 's debut set , Our Version of Events ( 2012 ) . Hotel Cabana is R&B , soul , garage , pop and hip hop music productions record , with influences from orchestral and Bollywood music . Naughty Boy describes it as an `` audio-visual experience '' and a concept album based on a luxury hotel where musicians come to perform . Hotel Cabana reunites Naughty Boy with Sandé on eight collaborations , as well as features from other British artists such George the Poet , Sam Smith , Bastille , Tinie Tempah , Ella Eyre , Gabrielle , Wretch 32 , Mic Righteous , Maiday , Chasing Grace , Ed Sheeran , and American rapper Wiz Khalifa , who appears on the album 's fourth single overall , `` Think About It '' , with Eyre . Ava Stokes , Tanika , Thabo and RØMANS make additional appearances on the US version of the album which was released by Virgin Records on 6 May 2014 .   Prior to release , Hotel Cabana was promoted with several video trailers which included the collaborating artists arriving at the fictional hotel . It was also preceded by the release of three singles , including the two top-ten Sandé collaborations : `` Wonder '' and `` Lifted '' , as well as the UK Singles Chart-topper `` La La La '' ( featuring Sam Smith ) . Upon release , the album received generally favourable reviews from music critics , who praised the production , but with some criticism towards the concept , execution and some collaborations . Hotel Cabana made its chart debuts at number two in the UK , number five in Scotland and twenty-five in Ireland .

neg: Gaylord Hotels Gaylord Hotels is the large convention hotel brand of Marriott International . It consists of four large hotels with attached convention centers and one overflow support hotel property . The properties are owned by Ryman Hospitality Properties , Inc. .   Before changing its name and handing over the management of the hotels to Marriott , Ryman Hospitality was named Gaylord Entertainment Company . The brand was formed with the opening of the 600-room Opryland Hotel ( now named Gaylord Opryland Resort and Convention Center ) in November 1977 . Until the Nashville hotel 's 1996 expansion to almost 3,000 rooms and subsequent announcement of a future Opryland Hotel Florida , the hospitality group was a modest division of the Opryland USA properties of Gaylord Entertainment .   Gaylord Opryland in Nashville , Tennessee , along with the Inn at Opryland , a Gaylord Hotel .  Gaylord Palms in Kissimmee , Florida  Gaylord Texan in Grapevine , Texas  Gaylord National in National Harbor , Maryland near Washington , D.C.  Gaylord Rockies in Aurora , Colorado ( under construction )   In 2010 , Gaylord struck a deal with DreamWorks Animation to create character breakfasts and other activities with Shrek , Kung Fu Panda and other DreamWorks characters .   On May 31 , 2012 Marriott International agreed to buy the rights to manage Gaylord 's four hotels for $ 210 million in cash .   From 2002 to 2009 , Gaylord Hotels was the primary sponsor of the Music City Bowl , a postseason college football game held each year in Nashville . As of 2011 , the company continues to be a secondary sponsor .


query: Elephants have been portrayed in popular culture.

pos: Elephant Elephants are large mammals of the family Elephantidae and the order Proboscidea . Three species are recognised , the African bush elephant ( Loxodonta africana ) , the African forest elephant ( L. cyclotis ) , and the Asian elephant ( Elephas maximus ) . Elephants are scattered throughout sub-Saharan Africa , South Asia , and Southeast Asia . Elephantidae is the only surviving family of the order Proboscidea ; other , now extinct , members of the order include deinotheres , gomphotheres , mammoths , and mastodons . Male African elephants are the largest extant terrestrial animals and can reach a height of 4 m and weigh 7000 kg . All elephants have several distinctive features , the most notable of which is a long trunk or proboscis , used for many purposes , particularly breathing , lifting water , and grasping objects . Their incisors grow into tusks , which can serve as weapons and as tools for moving objects and digging . Elephants ' large ear flaps help to control their body temperature . Their pillar-like legs can carry their great weight . African elephants have larger ears and concave backs while Asian elephants have smaller ears and convex or level backs .   Elephants are herbivorous and can be found in different habitats including savannahs , forests , deserts , and marshes . They prefer to stay near water . They are considered to be keystone species due to their impact on their environments . Other animals tend to keep their distance from elephants while predators , such as lions , tigers , hyenas , and any wild dogs , usually target only young elephants ( or `` calves '' ) . Females ( `` cows '' ) tend to live in family groups , which can consist of one female with her calves or several related females with offspring . The groups are led by an individual known as the matriarch , often the oldest cow . Elephants have a fission -- fusion society in which multiple family groups come together to socialise . Males ( `` bulls '' ) leave their family groups when they reach puberty and may live alone or with other males . Adult bulls mostly interact with family groups when looking for a mate and enter a state of increased testosterone and aggression known as musth , which helps them gain dominance and reproductive success . Calves are the centre of attention in their family groups and rely on their mothers for as long as three years . Elephants can live up to 70 years in the wild . They communicate by touch , sight , smell , and sound ; elephants use infrasound , and seismic communication over long distances . Elephant intelligence has been compared with that of primates and cetaceans . They appear to have self-awareness and show empathy for dying or dead individuals of their kind .   African elephants are listed as vulnerable by the International Union for Conservation of Nature ( IUCN ) while the Asian elephant is classed as endangered . One of the biggest threats to elephant populations is the ivory trade , as the animals are poached for their ivory tusks . Other threats to wild elephants include habitat destruction and conflicts with local people . Elephants are used as working animals in Asia . In the past , they were used in war ; today , they are often controversially put on display in zoos , or exploited for entertainment in circuses . Elephants are highly recognisable and have been featured in art , folklore , religion , literature , and popular culture .

neg: Character (arts) A character ( sometimes known as a fictional character ) is a person or other being in a narrative work of art ( such as a novel , play , television series , or film ) . The character may be entirely fictional or based on a real-life person , in which case the distinction of a `` fictional '' versus `` real '' character may be made . Derived from the ancient Greek word χαρακτήρ , the English word dates from the Restoration , although it became widely used after its appearance in Tom Jones in 1749 . From this , the sense of `` a part played by an actor '' developed . Character , particularly when enacted by an actor in the theatre or cinema , involves `` the illusion of being a human person . '' In literature , characters guide readers through their stories , helping them to understand plots and ponder themes . Since the end of the 18th century , the phrase `` in character '' has been used to describe an effective impersonation by an actor . Since the 19th century , the art of creating characters , as practiced by actors or writers , has been called characterisation .   A character who stands as a representative of a particular class or group of people is known as a type . Types include both stock characters and those that are more fully individualised . The characters in Henrik Ibsen 's Hedda Gabler ( 1891 ) and August Strindberg 's Miss Julie ( 1888 ) , for example , are representative of specific positions in the social relations of class and gender , such that the conflicts between the characters reveal ideological conflicts .   The study of a character requires an analysis of its relations with all of the other characters in the work . The individual status of a character is defined through the network of oppositions ( proairetic , pragmatic , linguistic , proxemic ) that it forms with the other characters . The relation between characters and the action of the story shifts historically , often miming shifts in society and its ideas about human individuality , self-determination , and the social order .

neg: Cult image In the practice of religion , a cult image is a human-made object that is venerated or worshipped for the deity , spirit or daemon that it embodies or represents . Cultus , the outward religious formulas of `` cult '' ( meaning religious practice , as opposed to the pejorative term for a potentially dangerous `` new religion '' ) , often centers upon the treatment of cult images , which may be dressed , fed or paraded , etc. . Religious images cover a wider range of all types of images made with a religious purpose , subject , or connection . In many contexts `` cult image '' specifically means the most important image in a temple , kept in an inner space , as opposed to what may be many other images decorating the temple .   The term idol is often synonymous with cult image , but may be used especially of a cult image believed not just to depict or represent a deity or spirit , but in some sense to be one itself . Sometimes the image is believed to have its own powers , to grant wishes or otherwise affect the world . In cultures where idolatry is not viewed negatively , the word idol is not generally seen as pejorative , such as in Indian English .   Cult of images is the practice of worshipping or venerating religious or cult images representing divine figures . Common in a number of ancient religions , the practice continues most prominently today in Hinduism . The Abrahamic religions all specifically ban idols and idolatry ; all have had internal divisions and disputes as to what constitutes the proper or improper use of images in religion , and many Abrahamic religious sects use or venerate images with varying degrees of fervor .   In general the belief that an image itself is the object of worship , and itself has or embodies a spirit with inherent powers , tends to be hard to verify when a religious context is examined closely , or to be held at a popular level but denied by the clergy of a religion . Assertions by others outside the religious group concerned that such beliefs are held by the group are however common .

neg: Pictish Beast The Pictish Beast ( sometimes Pictish Dragon or Pictish Elephant ) is an artistic representation of an animal depicted on Pictish symbol stones .

neg: Film poster A film poster is a poster used to promote and advertise a film . Studios often print several posters that vary in size and content for various domestic and international markets . They normally contain an image with text . Today 's posters often feature photographs of the main actors . Prior to the 1990s , illustrations instead of photos were far more common . The text on film posters usually contains the film title in large lettering and often the names of the main actors . It may also include a tagline , the name of the director , names of characters , the release date , etc. .   Film posters are displayed inside and on the outside of movie theaters , and elsewhere on the street or in shops . The same images appear in the film exhibitor 's pressbook and may also be used on websites , DVD ( and historically VHS ) packaging , flyers , advertisements in newspapers and magazines , etc. .   Film posters have been used since the earliest public exhibitions of film . They began as outside placards listing the programme of ( short ) films to be shown inside the hall or movie theater . By the early 1900s , they began to feature illustrations of a film scene or an array of overlaid images from several scenes . Other posters have used artistic interpretations of a scene or even the theme of the film , represented in a wide variety of artistic styles .

neg: Elephant in the room (disambiguation) `` Elephant in the room '' is an idiom referring to an obvious truth that is ignored .   Elephant in the room may also refer to :

neg: Primate A primate ( -LSB- ˈpraɪmeɪt -RSB- ) is a mammal of the order Primates ( Latin : `` prime , first rank '' ) . In taxonomy , primates include two distinct lineages , strepsirrhines and haplorhines . Primates arose from ancestors that lived in the trees of tropical forests ; many primate characteristics represent adaptations to life in this challenging three-dimensional environment . Most primate species remain at least partly arboreal .   With the exception of humans , who inhabit every continent , most primates live in tropical or subtropical regions of the Americas , Africa and Asia . They range in size from Madame Berthe 's mouse lemur , which weighs only 30 g , to the eastern gorilla , weighing over 200 kg ; that is , without taking into account the weight of particular human individuals , reaching up to 635 kg . Based on fossil evidence , the earliest known true primates , represented by the genus Teilhardina , date to 55.8 million years old . An early close primate relative known from abundant remains is the Late Paleocene Plesiadapis , c. 55 -- 58 million years old . Molecular clock studies suggest that the primate branch may be even older , originating near the Cretaceous -- Paleogene boundary or around 63 -- 74 mya .   The order Primates was traditionally divided into two main groupings : prosimians and anthropoids ( simians ) . Prosimians have characteristics more like those of the earliest primates , and include the lemurs of Madagascar , lorisoids , and tarsiers . Simians include monkeys , apes and hominins . More recently , taxonomists have preferred to split primates into the suborder Strepsirrhini , or wet-nosed primates , consisting of non-tarsier prosimians , and the suborder Haplorhini , or dry-nosed primates , consisting of tarsiers and the simians .   Simians are divided into two groups : catarrhine ( narrow-nosed ) monkeys and apes of Africa and Southeast Asia and platyrrhine ( `` flat-nosed '' ) or New World monkeys of South and Middle America . Catarrhines consist of Old World monkeys ( such as baboons and macaques ) , gibbons and great apes ; New World monkeys include the capuchin , howler and squirrel monkeys . Humans are the only extant catarrhines to have spread successfully outside of Africa , South Asia , and East Asia , although fossil evidence shows many other species were formerly present in Europe . New primate species are still being discovered . More than 25 species were taxonomically described in the decade of the 2000s and eleven have been described since 2010 .   Considered generalist mammals , primates exhibit a wide range of characteristics . Some primates ( including some great apes and baboons ) are primarily terrestrial rather than arboreal , but all species possess adaptations for climbing trees . Locomotion techniques used include leaping from tree to tree , walking on two or four limbs , knuckle-walking , and swinging between branches of trees ( brachiation ) .   Primates are characterized by large brains relative to other mammals , as well as an increased reliance on stereoscopic vision at the expense of smell , the dominant sensory system in most mammals . These features are more developed in monkeys and apes and noticeably less so in lorises and lemurs . Three-color vision has developed in some primates . Most also have opposable thumbs and some have prehensile tails . Many species are sexually dimorphic ; differences include body mass , canine tooth size , and coloration . Primates have slower rates of development than other similarly sized mammals and reach maturity later , but have longer lifespans . Depending on the species , adults may live in solitude , in mated pairs , or in groups of up to hundreds of members .

neg: Musth Musth or must -LSB- ˈmʌsth -RSB- is a periodic condition in bull ( male ) elephants , characterized by highly aggressive behavior and accompanied by a large rise in reproductive hormones . Testosterone levels in an elephant in musth can be as much as 60 times greater than in the same elephant at other times . However , whether this hormonal surge is the sole cause of musth , or merely a contributing factor , is unknown . Scientific investigation of musth is problematic because even the most placid elephants become highly violent toward humans and other elephants during musth .

neg: Aggregation (ethology) In ethology , an aggregation is any form of gathering of organisms and the process of coming together . In some forms groups of unrelated species might form , in which interaction between members of the aggregation might be minimal ; for example herds of grazing zebra and antelopes might combine , both the better to observe the approach of predators , and to improve the odds of escape in the event of attack by predators . Sometimes there might be some interaction , such as mixed flocks of birds that observe each other 's foraging behaviour in searching for food . Sometimes there might be quite orderly common action , such as the queuing up for a resource ; for example different species of fishes may aggregate around a cleaning station where cleaner wrasse and cleaner shrimp are active , more or less taking turns for attention . Such aggregations , where there is no particular association of species or sizes , may be referred to loosely as unstructured aggregations . Commonly they are very temporary and may be loose , with flocks or herds associating casually and separating equally casually within hours .   Structured aggregations tend to be longer-term and of a specific life-cycle function and context . Typically , though not necessarily , they will be of a single species . Often they will be of a single age and possibly of a single sex , such as shoals of fish fry that have specific ecological requirements that are not compatible with those of the mature species . One class of such aggregations comprises groups of adult , but immature `` bachelor '' males of elephants , seals , lions and other animals in which the mature herd will not tolerate males that would begin to compete with the dominant males . Another is when aposematic larvae of certain insects such as some Lepidoptera and Hemiptera form a flock that feed together and may migrate in `` processions '' until they are mature after which some kinds disperse . Most species of migrating birds and mammals flock on a large scale , partly for protection and partly for greater reliability of navigation . In some species of Hemiptera the adults remain with their aggregated immature offspring , sometimes in protective roles .   The range of functions is very wide in detail , but among the more important classes of function are security against predators , success in food location , wide range of mate choice , with concomitant increase of outbreeding opportunities , location with other members of the same species ( sometimes adherence to separate communities can almost amount to parapatric residence when say , different communities of rats or chimpanzees have violent mutual antipathy ) . There also are various forms of educational function , such as in some species where the young must learn the correct mate recognition skills , and in highly intelligent species such as crows and elephants , must learn the necessary social skills and the necessary traditional foraging techniques in their region .   Aggregation activities are not restricted to the animal kingdom ; for one example , a fundamental class of aggregations occurs in the various groups of slime molds , in which separate cells actually aggregate in the process of constructing their reproductive structure .   Category : Ethology

neg: List of local children's television series (United States) The following is a list of local children 's television shows in the United States . These were locally produced commercial television programming intended for the child audience with unique hosts and themes . This type of programming began in the late 1940s and continued into the late 1970s ; some shows continued into the 1990s . Author Tim Hollis documented about 1,400 local children 's shows in a 2002 book , Hi There , Boys and Girls !   The television programs typically aired in the weekday mornings before school or afternoons after school as well as on weekends ( to a lesser degree ) . There were different formats . Almost all shows had a colorful host who assumed a persona such as a cowboy/cowgirl , captain/skipper/commodore / admiral , jungle explorer , astronaut , king , princess , clown , sheriff/deputy/trooper , cop , firefighter , hobo/tramp , railroad engineer , magician , `` cousin '' , `` grandfather '' or `` uncle '' , whose role was not only to be the `` DJ '' for syndicated material ( typically cartoons , although westerns were more popular earlier on ) but also to entertain , often with a live television studio audience of kids , during breaks .   Early program fare included cartoon favorites such as Koko the Clown , Daffy Duck , Crusader Rabbit , Dick Tracy , Popeye , Bugs Bunny , Rocky and Bullwinkle , Casper the Friendly Ghost , Mighty Mouse , Porky Pig , Deputy Dawg , Tin Tin , Mel-O-Toons , Woody Woodpecker , The Funny Company , Mr. Magoo , Space Angel and Clutch Cargo as well as movie shorts such as Laurel and Hardy , Our Gang/The Little Rascals and The Three Stooges and animated versions of Laurel and Hardy , Abbott and Costello and The Three Stooges and live action shorts such as Diver Dan . Some included educational segments like the portraits of wildlife in Nature 's Window .

neg: Elephant (stories) Elephant is a collection of short stories by American writer Raymond Carver published in Great Britain , 1988 . The stories in the collection were first published in the U.S. in Where I 'm Calling From : New & Selected Stories ( 1988 ) .

neg: Arabian oryx The Arabian oryx or white oryx ( Oryx leucoryx ) is a medium-sized antelope with a distinct shoulder bump , long , straight horns , and a tufted tail . It is a bovid , and the smallest member of the Oryx genus , native to desert and steppe areas of the Arabian Peninsula . The Arabian oryx was extinct in the wild by the early 1970s , but was saved in zoos and private preserves , and was reintroduced into the wild starting in 1980 .   In 1986 , the Arabian oryx was classified as endangered on the IUCN Red List , and in 2011 , it was the first animal to revert to vulnerable status after previously being listed as extinct in the wild . It is listed in CITES Appendix I . In 2011 , populations were estimated at over 1,000 individuals in the wild , and 6,000 -- 7,000 individuals in captivity worldwide .   A Qatari oryx named `` Orry '' was chosen as the official games mascot for the 2006 Asian Games in Doha , and is shown on tailfins of planes belonging to Middle Eastern airline Qatar Airways . Arabian oryx is the national animal of UAE .

neg: Animal cognition Animal cognition describes the mental capacities of non-human animals and the study of those capacities . The field developed from comparative psychology , including the study of animal conditioning and learning . It has also been strongly influenced by research in ethology , behavioral ecology , and evolutionary psychology , and hence the alternative name cognitive ethology is sometimes used . Many behaviors associated with the term animal intelligence are also subsumed within animal cognition .   Researchers have examined animal cognition in mammals ( especially primates , cetaceans , elephants , dogs , cats , horses , livestock , raccoons and rodents ) , birds ( including parrots , corvids and pigeons ) , reptiles ( lizards and snakes ) , fish and invertebrates ( including cephalopods , spiders and insects ) .

neg: Animal Kingdom Animal Kingdom may refer to :  Animal or the Kingdom Animalia , a classification of living organisms  Animal Kingdom ( horse ) , winner of the 2011 Kentucky Derby  Disney 's Animal Kingdom , a theme park at Walt Disney World , Florida , U.S.  Animal Kingdom Resort Area , a group of resorts near the theme park   In performing arts :  The Animal Kingdom , a 1932 play by Philip Barry  The Animal Kingdom , a 1932 American comedy-drama film based on the play  Animal Kingdom ( film ) , a 2010 Australian crime film  Animal Kingdom ( TV series ) , an American television series on TNT inspired by the Australian film  Animal Kingdom ( band ) , a UK indie rock band  Animal Kingdom , a 2008 album by Baseball  Animal Kingdom , a 2010 album by Raptile  Animal Kingdom : Let 's Go Ape , a 2013 Belgian-French-Italian CGI-animated film

neg: Elephant in the room Elephant in the room is an English-language metaphorical idiom for an obvious problem or risk no one wants to discuss , or a condition of groupthink no one wants to challenge .   It is based on the idea/thought that something as conspicuous as an elephant can appear to be overlooked in codified social interactions , and that the sociology/psychology of repression also operates on the macro scale .

neg: Elephants' graveyard An elephants ' graveyard ( also written elephant graveyard or elephant 's graveyard ) is a place where , according to legend , older elephants instinctively direct themselves when they reach a certain age . They then die there alone , far from the group .

neg: Wildlife of Cambodia Cambodia is home to a diverse array of wildlife . There have been registered 212 mammal species , 536 bird species , 176 reptile species ( including 89 subspecies ) , 850 freshwater fish species ( Tonlé Sap Lake area ) , and 435 marine fish species . An unknown amount of species remains to be described by science , especially butterflies and moths ( lepidopterans ) . Many of the species in the country , including several endemic ones , are recognized by the IUCN or World Conservation Union as threatened , endangered , or critically endangered due to deforestation and habitat destruction , poaching , the illegal wildlife trade , and farming , fishing , and forestry concessions . Intensive poaching may have already driven Cambodia 's national animal , the kouprey , to extinction , and wild tigers , Eld 's deer , wild water buffaloes and hog deer are at critically low numbers .   Wildlife in Cambodia includes dholes , elephants , deer ( sambar , Eld 's deer , hog deer and muntjac ) , wild oxen ( banteng and gaur ) , panthers , bears , and tigers . Cormorants , cranes , ibises , parrots , green peafowl , pheasants , and wild ducks are also found , and species of venomous snakes and constrictors are numerous . Deforestation , mining activities , and unregulated hunting , have diminished the country 's wildlife diversity rapidly .   Cambodia also has many endangered species . Cambodia has 16 globally endangered species and two critically endangered species . Some of Cambodia 's endangered species are the Asian elephant , Siamese crocodile , wild water buffalo , and the Germain 's silver langur .   Much work is being done in this area to help conserve and protect Cambodia 's unique wildlife . Wildlife conservation organizations operating in Cambodia include Conservation International , World Wildlife Fund , the Wildlife Conservation Society , Fauna and Flora International , BirdLife International , Wildlife Alliance , and many others . On 20 December 2016 , 163 new animal species were reported in Southeast Asia including one known as the Klingon newt for its resemblance to a klingon from Star trek .

neg: Film series A film series ( also referred to as a film franchise ) is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe , or are marketed as a series .   Sometimes the work is conceived from the beginning as a multiple-film work , for example the Three Colours series , but in most cases the success of the original film inspires further films to be made . Individual sequels are relatively common , but are not always successful enough to spawn further installments .   The Marvel Cinematic Universe is the highest grossing film series in unadjusted US Dollar figures surpassing the Harry Potter , Star Wars , James Bond , and Peter Jackson 's The Lord of the Rings series . However , `` Star Wars '' has the highest when adjusted for inflation .

neg: Elephant goad The elephant goad , bullhook , or ankus ( from Sanskrit or ankusha ) is a tool employed in the handling and training of elephants . It consists of a hook ( usually bronze or steel ) which is attached to a 60 - handle , ending in a tapered end . The bullhook is associated with the abuse of elephants , when it has been used to injure or beat elephants . California ( USA ) has banned the use of bullhooks .   A relief at Sanchi and a fresco at the Ajanta Caves depict a three-person crew on the war elephant , the driver with an elephant goad , what appears to be a noble warrior behind the driver and another attendant on the posterior of the elephant . </blockquote>   Nossov and Dennis ( 2008 p 19 ) report that two perfectly preserved elephant goads were recovered from an archaeological site at Taxila and are dated from 3rd century BCE to the 1st century CE according to Marshall . The larger of the two is 65 cm long . </blockquote>   Nossov and Dennis ( 2008 : p. 16 ) state :  An ankusha , a sharpened goad with a pointed hook , was the main tool for managing an elephant . The ankusha first appeared in India in the 6th-5th century BC and has been used ever since , not only there , but wherever elephants served man .

neg: List of unicorns This is a list of unicorns in modern popular culture , chiefly literature , film and television , arranged chronologically :   1871 : Through the Looking-Glass by Lewis Carroll , features the nursery rhyme characters of `` The Lion and the Unicorn . ''  1940 ( November 13 ) : Fantasia depicts unicorns and a unicorn donkey in the Pastoral Symphony segment of the film .  1956 ( March 15 ) Forbidden Planet makes reference to a virgin 's ability to tame unicorns  1956 ( September 4 ) The Last Battle , by C. S. Lewis , describes Jewel , a noble unicorn who is King Tirian 's best friend .  1962 : `` The Unicorn '' is a song by Shel Silverstein , best known in the 1968 recording by The Irish Rovers .  1965 : The Wandering Unicorn , a novel by the Argentinian Manuel Mujica Láinez features a magical unicorn 's horn used as a lance during the Crusades .  1965 : Elidor by Alan Garner features a lost unicorn from another world  1968 : The Last Unicorn , a worldwide best-selling novel by Peter S. Beagle , believes she is the last of her kind in the world and undertakes a quest to discover what has happened to the others .  1976 : Unico features a baby unicorn from Osamu Tezuka  1982 ( October 28 ) : Tokimeki Tonight episode 4 features a unicorn pulling a carriage that the star family takes to the underworld . Two are also seen at the end of episode 6 when an imaginary one is seen pulling a carriage carrying the two stars in wedding regalia , and then another appears tugging another pursuing carriage .  1982 ( November 19 ) : The Last Unicorn , a film adaptation of the 1968 novel , features a unicorn on the cover .  1983 : Dungeons & Dragons ( TV series ) features a unicorn called Uni  1984 : She-Ra : Princess of Power : She-Ra 's horse turns into a unicorn during She-Ra 's transformation  1985 : Legend features a unicorn 's horn being cut off by the villain  1987 : The Care Bears Adventure in Wonderland -- saving a unicorn is part of Alice 's princess test  1992 : Blade Runner : in the director 's cut , Rick Deckard has a dream of a unicorn . The meaning of the dream is central to his self-identity .  1994-2010 : The Unicorn Chronicles are a fantasy series by Bruce Coville , including Into the Land of the Unicorns ( 1994 ) , Song of the Wanderer ( 1999 ) , Dark Whispers ( 2008 ) and The Last Hunt ( 2010 ) .  1996 : Kleo the Misfit Unicorn also features a wide cast of normal unicorns to complement the main character , who is a winged unicorn  1997 : Harry Potter and the Philosopher 's Stone a unicorn is injured and its blood is drunk  1998 : Nico the Unicorn movie , based on the 1996 book by Frank Sacks  2000 Fantasia 2000 A unicorn in Pomp And Circumstance , along with a dragon and a griffin , is laughing at all the other animals for going into Noah 's ark  2001 ( October 17 ) : Zoo Tycoon video game easter egg unicorn cheats exhibits  2001 ( November 4 ) : Harry Potter and the Philosopher 's Stone ( film ) , Lord Voldemort and Professor Quirrell are shown to be feeding off the blood of a dead unicorn .  2002 : The Twelve Kingdoms anime has `` Qilin '' , the Japanese term for unicorns  2005 ( May ) : Jack Frost ( manhwa ) features a very ugly unicorn  2005 ( November 26 ) : Charlie the Unicorn , a viral video first released on Newgrounds , features the eponymous unicorn Charlie as well as two other unicorns  2005 ( December 8 ) : The Chronicles of Narnia : The Lion , the Witch and the Wardrobe shows Peter riding a unicorn into battle  2006 ( February ) : Mobile Suit Gundam Unicorn serial novel begins  2006 ( March 20 ) : The Elder Scrolls IV : Oblivion Sidequest  2006 ( June 10 ) : Sugar Sugar Rune anime episode 49 has a unicorn transformed into a boy in the final exam , Chocolat and Vanilla need to retrieve his horn  2007 ( July 5 ) : Noah 's Ark features unnamed unicorn  2007 ( August 10 ) : Stardust features a unicorn coming to help out Yvaine the fallen star .  2009 ( February 24 ) : The Princess and the Unicorn is a children 's novel in which a unicorn is vital to the survival of a fairy community .  2010 ( June 18 ) : Toy Story 3 features Buttercup  2010 ( October 10 ) : My Little Pony : Friendship is Magic has a variety of unicorn ponies . Some of the main cast ( both Rarity and Sweetie Belle ) are unicorns . The main character Twilight Sparkle was a normal unicorn for the first three seasons until becoming a winged unicorn .  2011 : Puella Magi Madoka Magica episode 9 features one alongside a mermaid  2012 ( February 10 ) : The Season 7 , 14th episode of Supernatural , `` Plucky Pennywhistle 's Magical Menagerie '' shows a unicorn chasing down a neglectful father and impaling him on its horn .  2012 ( March 9 ) : The Cabin in the Woods depicts a unicorn killing a man by stabbing him through the chest  2012 ( April 22 ) : Phoebe and her Unicorn webcomic series debuts  2013 ( April 30 ) : The Fire Ascending from the series The Last Dragon Chronicles by Chris d'Lacey features an unnamed unicorn .  2013 ( December 4 ) : Lana Del Rey 's short film Tropico features a unicorn along with other animals .  2015 , in the cartoon Star vs. the Forces of Evil :  Star vs. the Forces of Evil episode 1b ( `` Party With a Pony '' , Jan. 18 ) : Flying Princess Pony Head , who is a floating unicorn head , is introduced .  Star vs. the Forces of Evil episode `` Quest By '' : a unicorn on a treadmill is revealed to power Star 's wand .  Star vs. the Forces of Evil episode 7b ( `` Sleep Spells '' , June 22 ) : when Star paints a picture of her childhood , there is a purple unicorn in it .

neg: Lin Wang Lin Wang ( ; January 18 , 1917February 26 , 2003 ) was an Asian elephant that served with the Chinese Expeditionary Force during the Second Sino-Japanese War ( 1937 -- 1945 ) and later relocated to Taiwan with the Kuomintang forces . Lin Wang lived out most of his life in the Taipei Zoo and unquestionably was the most popular and famous animal in Taiwan . Many adults and children alike affectionately called the bull elephant `` Grandpa Lin Wang . ''


query: David Harbour has performed in theater.

pos: David Harbour David Harbour ( born April 10 , 1974 ) is an American actor who has performed in film , television , and the theatre . He currently stars in the Netflix TV Series Stranger Things as main character Police Chief Jim Hopper .

neg: David Hill (arts director) David Hill is a theatre and arts director and producer , founder of the leading UK cultural events and arts agency ArtReach which initiates , develops and produces extraordinary creative arts projects and programmes . Hill has created and produced the innovative Night of Festivals project , produced the world 's largest interactive video artwork ( Under Scan by Rafael Lozano-Hemmer ) in Trafalgar Square , London and in public spaces across the UK East Midlands and created/delivered a range of high-profile new arts events such Three Cities Create and Connect , The Lyric Lounge and Dance in the Park . He has also delivered projects in Barcelona , India and the West Indies .   Born in Birmingham , and following a degree in Drama and English at Hull University , Hill started his career as a theatre practitioner with renowned theatre companies such as Welfare State International , IOU Theatre and the Pip Simmons Theatre Group .  Appointed as the first Marketing Director at the 2,000 seat Birmingham Hippodrome , he established the marketing and publicity department for the venue during two major capital refurbishments of the Hippodrome in the 1980s . During this period the theatre was established as a premier touring venue and as a home to Welsh National Opera and Sadler 's Wells Royal Ballet ( now Birmingham Royal Ballet ) .   Returning to a role as theatre director , writer and actor , Hill established the pioneering Theatre Station Blyth in Northumberland , leading a team of theatre professionals in developing original community theatre with 100 unemployed adults , winning a National Training Award , and being shortlisted with the RSC and Jiving Lindy Hoppers for the prestigious , national Sainsbury Arts in Education Awards . During this time Hill created and directed shows , including The Tale of the Corn Woman , The TV Addict , Stitch-Up , Seven and War Bonds . In 1995 Theatre Station was reinvented and re-launched by Fran Castle and Alison Walton-Robson as the award-winning Headway Theatre .   As an associate director at the Everyman Theatre in Cheltenham in the early 1990s , Hill had particular responsibility for new theatre writing , working with playwrights such as Jude Alderson , Barrie Keeffe , Peter McGarry and David Calcutt . Shows directed included All Change , A Caucasian Chalk Circle , The Way of the World , The Mystery Plays , Belonging , Family Affairs , Romeo and Juliet , A Midsummer Night 's Dream , Julius Caesar and The Terrible Fate of Humpty Dumpty , with co-directing work on Macbeth and Jane Eyre .   In 1994 , following the playwright 's death , he produced and directed The Official Tribute to Dennis Potter persuading Michael Grade ( Channel 4 TV ) and Alan Yentob ( BBC 1 ) to jointly support and participate in the project . For this high-profile event Hill directed contributions from , amongst others , Alan Bates , Gemma Craven , Imelda Staunton , George Baker , Frank Finlay , Douglas Henshall , Kika Markham and Corin Redgrave , and also engaged and produced participation from writers and broadcasters Lynda La Plante , Alan Plater , Sheena MacDonald , Piers Haggard , Kennith Trodd and Melvyn Bragg .   As director of the Arts Management Centre ( a business unit of The Management Centre ) in 1994/5 , Hill implemented and delivered national arts training programmes and designed and delivered the first national conference on the arts lottery . From 1996 he project directed all aspects of the design and building of Maidenhead 's # 10 million new arts centre , Norden Farm Centre for the Arts . He opened the Centre by producing two special galas with contributors including Michael Parkinson , Lesley Garrett , Timothy West , Prunella Scales , Jimmy Tarbuck , Laurie Holloway , Marion Montgomery , Ronnie Corbett and Rolf Harris .   Over fifteen years since 1996 , Hill has developed ArtReach working with partners such as Arts Council England , Museums Libraries and Archives Council ( MLA ) , Renaissance , Sport England , the Crafts Council , many Local Authorities , Regional Development Agencies , arts organisations and venues ( international , national , regional and local ) and individual artists . In 2005/6 ArtReach commissioned international artist Rafael Lozano-Hemmer to create Under Scan , which subsequently was taken to Venice Biennale in 2007 and produced by Hill in Trafalgar Square in 2008 . Hill co-wrote the book Under Scan with Lozano-Hemmer , published in 2006 .   Hill has been an adviser to West Midlands Arts , Northern Arts and South West Arts in the UK and is a Trustee ( Vice Chair ) of Curve ( theatre ) ( major new performing arts centre in Leicester , UK ) . He has previously been a board member/adviser for Triangle Arts Centre , Playtrain , Midlands Arts Centre and Worcester Swan Theatre . He has been an assessor for the UK Regional Arts Lottery Programme and has been an assessor to Arts Council England for both Capital and Arts for Everyone programmes .

neg: Harbour Lights (TV series) Harbour Lights is a British television drama series , broadcast on BBC One , that ran for two series in 1999 and 2000 . Starring Nick Berry as protagonist Mike Nicholls , a former Royal Navy officer who returns to his childhood town of Bridehaven to take on the role of harbourmaster . The first series featured on storylines including a blossoming romance with local constable Melanie Rush ( Tina Hobley ) , the ruthless business dealings of Tony Simpson ( Gerard Horan ) , and the inter-family feuding of the Blades -- Steve , George , Jason , Kelly and Rita . Both series were predominantly filmed in West Bay near Bridport in Dorset , which acts as the fictional town of Bridehaven . The second series featured much harder-hitting storylines than the first , and was criticized by local residents for portraying West Bay in a bad light .   The complete series was released on Region 4 DVD on March 3 , 2011 . This is the only commercial release of the series available . The second episode of the first series , `` Marie Celeste '' , was famously said to be ` missing ' and was never broadcast on the BBC . It has , however , been shown during repeat screenings of the series on digital television , and is included in the DVD release .

neg: The Performers (play) The Performers is a comedy play written by David West Read and directed by Evan Cabnet . It premiered on Broadway on November 14 , 2012 .

neg: Stephen Jeffreys Stephen Jeffreys ( born 1950 ) is a British playwright .   His plays include :  Like Dolls or Angels ( 1977 ) ( Sunday Times Playwriting Award at the National Student Drama Festival ) ;  Carmen 1936 ( Edinburgh Fringe Festival Fringe First in 1984 ) ;  Valued Friends ( 1990 , Hampstead Theatre ) ;  The Clink ( 1990 ) ;  The Libertine ( 1994 ) - also a screenplay filmed with Johnny Depp ;  A Going Concern ( 1993 ) ;  An adaptation of Richard Brome 's play , A Jovial Crew ( 1992 ) ;  I Just Stopped By to See The Man ( 2000 ) ;  Interruptions ( 2001 ) ; and  Lost Land ( 2005 ) . ( 2008 )  The Convict 's Opera , a reworking of The Beggar 's Opera by John Gay , jointly commissioned by Out of Joint theatre company and Sydney Theatre Company .  Backbeat ( 2011 , Duke of York 's Theatre , London ) ( Co-written with Iain Softley ) .  Caught in Flight screenplay . A film on Diana , Princess of Wales

neg: Great Canadian Theatre Company The Great Canadian Theatre Company , known for short as GCTC , is a professional theatre company based in Ottawa , Ontario , Canada . It was established in 1975 by a group of professors and graduate students at Carleton University . Riding a wave of cultural nationalism , founders Robin Matthews , Larry McDonald , Bill Law , Greg Reid and Lois Shannon envisioned a theatre company that would produce only Canadian plays , especially those with social and political relevance . Driven by a dream to place Canadian stories and Canadian history front and centre in our country 's universities and theatres , the company launched its first production in August 1975 .   The group has its origins in a season of Canadian theatre produced by the Sock 'n' Buskin Theatre Company at Carleton University . From Carleton , the company moved to a converted firehall in Ottawa South ( presently the Ottawa South Community Centre ) and then , in 1982 , to the Gladstone Theatre on Gladstone Avenue . In September 2007 the company moved into a larger venue called the Irving Greenberg Theatre Centre   The Irving Greenberg Theatre Centre , which includes a 262-seat mainstage theatre , a flexible black box studio theatre , and two spacious lobbies , has allowed GCTC to expand its community-based activities . More than 35,000 people visit the Irving Greenberg Theatre Centre every year to see productions by GCTC and other live performing arts companies , for concerts such as the Acoustic Waves music series , to visit the Lorraine Fritzi Yale Art Gallery , rent the facility , or to enjoy local homemade fare at the Viva Loca Café .   The September 2007 issue of ( Cult ) ure Magazine described the GCTC as `` Ottawa 's pre-eminent promoter of Canadian theatrical content . ''   Among playwrights whose works have been performed by the company are :  Jean-Marc Dalpé  David French  Linda Griffiths  Wendy Lill  Ann-Marie MacDonald  Arthur Milner  Morris Panych  Judith Thompson  Michel Tremblay  George F. Walker

neg: Golda's Balcony Golda 's Balcony is a play by William Gibson .   It follows the trajectory of the life of Golda Meir from Russian immigrant to American schoolteacher to a leader of international politics as the fourth Prime Minister of Israel . Much of its focus is on the period surrounding the 1973 Yom Kippur War , when Israel was attacked by Egypt and Syria . Gibson 's drama suggests Meir threatened Richard Nixon and Henry Kissinger with the launch of nuclear weapons against her enemies , conceivably starting World War III , unless the U.S. came to her country 's aid .   Gibson first explored Meir in 1977 in his multi-character work Golda , which was produced on Broadway with Anne Bancroft in the title role . Never fully satisfied with the piece , he decided to tackle the subject matter , this time in the form of a one-woman play .   Golda 's Balcony , produced by David Fishelson , opened Off-Broadway at Manhattan Ensemble Theatre ( `` MET '' ) on March 26 , 2003 , where it sold out its entire 16-week run . Three months after closing Off-Broadway , the MET production , also starring Tovah Feldshuh and produced by Fishelson ( directed by Scott Schwartz ) , opened on October 15 , 2003 at the Helen Hayes Theatre , where it ran for 14 previews and 493 performances , making it the longest-running one-woman show in Broadway history .   Feldshuh was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play and won the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Solo Performance .   In 2006 the play was adapted into a film of the same title , starring Valerie Harper .   The term `` Golda 's Balcony '' refers to the nickname given to an area inside the secretive Dimona nuclear weapons facility from which visiting VIPs can observe some of the activity taking place in the underground portion of the facility .

neg: Lakeboat Lakeboat is a semi-autobiographical play by David Mamet , written in 1970 and first produced in 1980 ( revised version ) .   As he would later do with Glengarry Glen Ross , Mamet drew upon experiences from a past vocation to create high drama . In this case , he turned to his days as a cook aboard a cargo ship to frame this tale of Dale Katzman , a college student from an Ivy League school `` near Boston '' who takes a summer job as a cook in the galley of the T. Harrison , a lake freighter for a Chicago-based steel concern . Dale 's predecessor , Guigliani , endured a particularly violent end while on terra firma , the cause and nature of which is speculated by the other crew members . Dale , and the audience , gets to know each of them , including : Fireman , who reads voraciously when not `` watching the gauges '' ; Fred , who imparts his unique , politically incorrect philosophy regarding women on the young man ; and , especially , Joe Litko , a 23-year veteran of the seas , who sees much of himself in Dale . The dialogue is Mametspeak at its most raw , as secrets are shared , picayune matters are debated , and fantasies are laid out , vividly .   The play 's world premiere was staged by the Milwaukee Repertory Theater on April 24 , 1980 ; subsequent major productions were mounted by the Long Wharf Theatre and the Goodman Theatre in 1982 . In 2000 , Mamet penned the screenplay for a film adaptation , which featured his half-brother Tony Mamet in the lead role of Dale . The ensemble cast also included Robert Forster as Joe Litko , Denis Leary as Fireman , and Jack Wallace , a veteran of Mamet productions , as Fred . Joe Mantegna , well-versed in the world of Mamet , made his directorial debut with the feature .   The British Premiere of Lakeboat was at the Lyric Theatre , London in 1998 , and was directed by Aaron Mullen .

neg: Safe Harbour (film) Safe Harbour , also known as Danielle Steel 's Safe Harbour , is a 2007 direct-to-video film directed by Bill Corcoran , based upon the 2003 novel of the same name by Danielle Steel .

neg: Pinchgut Opera Pinchgut Opera is a chamber opera company in Sydney , Australia , presenting opera from the 17th and 18th centuries performed on period instruments . Founded in 2002 , Pinchgut stages two operas each year in Sydney 's City Recital Hall .   The company utilises the professional chamber choir Cantillation as its chorus and has engaged both the Sirius Ensemble and the Orchestra of the Antipodes . Pinchgut draws most of its singers , players , directors and designers from Australia . Pinchgut 's Artistic Director is Erin Helyard . Antony Walker co-founded the company and conducted the early Pinchgut productions . All productions are recorded by Greenside Productions and Mano Musica and are released on CD under the `` Pinchgut Live '' label .   Pinchgut Opera draws its unusual name from Fort Denison , a former penal site in the Sydney Harbour which was nicknamed `` Pinchgut '' by its inmates . According to its website , the company chose the name `` as we wanted something recognisably Sydney , easy to remember and as a reminder of our tight budgets and humble beginnings '' .

neg: Finborough Theatre The Finborough Theatre is a fifty-seat theatre in the West Brompton area of London ( part of the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea ) under artistic directorship of Neil McPherson . The theatre presents new British writing , as well as UK and world premieres of new plays primarily from the English speaking world including North America , Canada , Ireland , and Scotland including work in the Scots language . The venue also presents music theatre , and rarely seen rediscovered 19th and 20th century plays .

neg: Charlie Rhindress Charlie Rhindress ( born May 9 , 1966 ) is an actor , playwright and director living in Halifax , Nova Scotia . Born in Amherst , Nova Scotia and educated at Mount Allison University , he is a co-founder and former Artistic Director of Live Bait Theatre , based in Sackville , New Brunswick . To date , Rhindress has written 13 full-length plays , including The Maritime Way of Life , which was nominated for a Canadian Comedy award as best new play , and Flying On Her Own , based on the life of the late Canadian singer/songwriter , Rita MacNeil . It was published by Playwrights Canada Press in 2008 . He has also written or co-written more than 30 dinner theatre scripts and two plays for teens .   Rhindress has acted in films including Red Rover and Black Eyed Dog , and at theatres across Canada . His directing credits include the premiere of Cathy Jones ' one woman show , Me , Dad and the Hundred Boyfriends at Theatre Passe Muraille in Toronto and The Compleat Wrks of Wllm Shkspr ( abridged ) at Neptune Theatre in Halifax , for which he received a Merritt award nomination as Best Director . He is the former Associate Artist for Neptune and the current Artistic Producer of Eastern Front Theatre .   The Canadian Encyclopedia says that Rhindress 's work `` suggests that New Brunswick is fertile ground for popular comedy . Of particular note is Rhindress 's The Maritime Way of Life ( 1999 ) , a dark satire on traditional East Coast lifestyles and personalities . Despite its vicious sarcasm , extensive cross-dressing , and absurd humour , The Maritime Way of Life is very popular with Atlantic audiences . '' Three of Rhindress 's plays have been produced at Ship 's Company Theatre in Parrsboro , Nova Scotia : Ivor Johnson 's Neighbours ( 2009 ) , The Maritime Way of Life ( 2012 ) and Making Contact ( 2013 ) .

neg: New End Theatre The New End Theatre , Hampstead , was an 80-seat fringe theatre venue in London , at 27 New End in the London Borough of Camden which operated from 1974 until 2011 .   It was founded in 1974 by Buddy Dalton in the converted mortuary of the now-defunct New End Hospital . The mortuary was formerly linked to the hospital across the road by a tunnel . It was owned by Roy and Sonia Saunders from 1986 until 1997 . Its Artistic Directors included Sonia Saunders ( 1986 -- 92 ) , Jon Harris ( 1992 -- 96 ) and Neil McPherson ( 1996 -- 97 ) . From 1997 to 2011 it was both owned and run by Artistic Director and Chief Executive Brian Daniels .   It had a number of successes including A Day in Hollywood / A Night in the Ukraine , which transferred to both the West End and Broadway ; world premieres of work by Jean Anouilh , Steven Berkoff , Tom Kempinski , Richard Stirling , and Arnold Wesker ; and Tony McHale and Geoffrey William 's play Tunnels Without End , featuring Billy Lomas and Rebecca Simmons , the British premiere of Tennessee Williams ` s In The Bar of a Tokyo Hotel presented by Internationalist Theatre , with Angelique Rockas playing Miriam .   The building was converted into a synagogue and Jewish cultural centre in 2011 .

neg: The Jew (play) The Jew is a comedy written by playwright Richard Cumberland and first presented at the Drury Lane Theatre in London in May 1794 . The play is notable as the first play in the English theatre to portray a Jewish moneylender as the hero of a stage production . An adaptation of the original play along with a facsimile copy of The Jew was published in 2012 as Sheva , the Benevolent .   The anti-Jewish tradition on the English stage dates back at least to the expulsion of the Jews from England in 1290 and is exemplified by the characters of Shylock in William Shakespeare 's The Merchant of Venice and Barabas in Christopher Marlowe 's The Jew of Malta . In a series of articles called Observer , first published in 1785 , Cumberland created a character named Abraham Abrahams who would later serve as a template for Sheva , the title character in The Jew . In one instalment of Observer , Abrahams is quoted as saying , `` I verily believe the odious character of Shylock has brought little less persecution upon us , poor scattered sons of Abraham , than the Inquisition itself . '' A decade later , in writing The Jew , Cumberland sought to create a positive image of a Jewish man that would counteract centuries of anti-Semitic portraits . The tremendous success of the initial production prompted Cumberland to later write , `` The benevolence of the audience assisted me in rescuing a forlorn and persecuted character , which till then had only been brought upon the stage for the unmanly purpose of being made a spectacle of contempt , and a butt for ridicule . In the success of this comedy I felt of course a greater gratification , than I had ever felt upon a like occasion . ''   Shortly after its London premiere , the play began to be performed in the United States , first in Boston , Philadelphia , and New York City and , later , in Richmond , Charleston , and many other cities and towns . The play was also translated into numerous languages including German , French , Hebrew , Yiddish , and Russian . The last known New York production under its original title was presented at the Bronx Free Synagogue in 1919 .

neg: Matthew Sunderland Matthew `` Matt '' Sunderland ( born c. 1972 ) is a New Zealand Actor , Writer and Director . He performed the lead role of David Gray in the feature film Out of the Blue , based on the events of the Aramoana Massacre . At the New Zealand Screen Awards in 2008 he won Best Actor Award for this role .   Sunderland also stars as Uncle Rory in Cannes Winner Daniel Borgmans debut Feature The Weight of Elephants Produced by Zentropa films and Severe Features .   Sunderland was also nominated for a Best Actor Award in the 2006 NZ Screen Awards for Natures Way , which screened In Competition at the Cannes Film Festival in 2006 .   His other feature film roles include A Song of Good , Christmas , Stringer , Woodenhead Existence and The Devil 's Rock as well as more than twenty short films .   Matthew made his directorial/screenwriting debut with the short film Tuffy which deals with estrangement between a father and son , in small town New Zealand .   Sunderland graduated from The New Zealand Drama School Toi Whakaari in 1997 and has concentrated on New Zealand film work with numerous theatre excursions also . He has appeared at the Silo Theatre ( Fool for Love , Blasted ) , and the Herald Theatre ( Trainspotting ) in Auckland , and the Court Theatre in Christchurch ( Peninsula ) .   In 2013 Matt played in the stage adaption of Kate Grenville 's Booker Prize -- winning The Secret River with the Sydney Theatre Company , to 5 star reviews , which toured throughout Australia .   Sunderland appeared in the New Zealand soap opera Shortland Street as White Dragon , in a storyline concluding the 3 year Kieran Mitchell story arc .   In 2016 , Sunderland played the role of a drunken man resisting alien abduction in the music video for Bergschrund by DJ Shadow & Nils Frahm .

neg: Castle Harbour, Bermuda Castle Harbour is a large natural harbour in Bermuda . It is located between the northeastern end of the main island and St. David 's Island . Originally called Southampton Port , it was renamed as a result of its heavy fortification in the early decades of the Seventeenth century .

neg: David Bark-Jones David Bark-Jones is an English actor .  He has appeared in numerous award winning Film , Theatre and TV productions and won Broadwayworld.com 's Best Actor in a West End Play 2010 , for his portrayal of Richard Hannay in The 39 Steps .

neg: Borderline Theatre Company Borderline Theatre company is a touring theatre company based in Ayr , Scotland .   Its alumni include the actors Billy Connolly and Robbie Coltrane . Recent successes include the award-winning , critically acclaimed plays The Wall and The Ducky by D C Jackson .

neg: Jack of Hearts (play) Jack of Hearts is an Australian comedy play by David Williamson .

neg: Southbank Theatre Southbank Theatre is a performing arts venue located in the Southbank region of Melbourne , Victoria . It is the principal home of the Melbourne Theatre Company . The theatre was designed by ARM Architecture ( Ashton Raggatt McDougall ) , and opened in January 2009 with a production of Poor Boy starring Guy Pearce .   The theatre is adjacent to the Melbourne Recital Centre venue on Southbank Boulevard , with the two buildings constructed simultaneously . The distinctive geometric shapes on the theatre 's facade were inspired by the paintings of the American abstract expressionist artist Al Held .   The theatre contains two performance spaces : the 559-seat `` Sumner '' , and the smaller `` Lawler '' with 150 seats . These were named after director John Sumner and playwright Ray Lawler respectively . The theatre is also home to Script Bar & Bistro , function rooms and foyers and two foyer bars .

neg: David Yee David Yee is a Canadian actor and playwright . His play lady in the red dress was a shortlisted nominee for the Governor General 's Award for English language drama at the 2010 Governor General 's Awards . His play carried away on the crest of a wave won the Governor General 's Award for English language drama at the 2015 Governor General 's Awards .