query: Ryan O'Neal is a former fighter.

pos: Ryan O'Neal Charles Patrick Ryan O'Neal ( born April 20 , 1941 ) , known professionally as Ryan O'Neal , is an American actor and former boxer . O'Neal trained as an amateur boxer before beginning his career in acting in 1960 . In 1964 , he landed the role of Rodney Harrington on the ABC nighttime soap opera Peyton Place . The series was an instant hit and boosted O'Neal 's career . He later found success in films , most notably Love Story ( 1970 ) , for which he received Academy Award and Golden Globe nominations as Best Actor , What 's Up , Doc ? ( 1972 ) , Paper Moon ( 1973 ) , Stanley Kubrick 's Barry Lyndon ( 1975 ) , and A Bridge Too Far ( 1977 ) . Since 2007 , he has had a recurring role in the TV series Bones as Max , the father of the series ' protagonist .

neg: Toshiaki Nishioka is a Japanese former professional boxer who competed from 1994 to 2012 . He held the WBC super bantamweight title from 2008 to 2012 , and challenged for the lineal super bantamweight title in his final fight . Nishioka is known for his series fights against Veeraphol Nakonluang-Promotion , with two of their four encounters ending in draws . Unlike many of Japan 's other world champions , Nishioka willingly fought outside of his own country .

neg: Ryan Wilson (wrestler) Ryan Wilson is an American retired professional wrestler who formerly worked for World Wrestling Entertainment in the Ohio Valley Wrestling developmental promotion as Jacob Duncan where he was a former OVW Heavyweight Champion . He is best known for his appearances with Total Nonstop Action Wrestling , where he was known by his ring name Trytan .

neg: Roberto Durán Roberto Durán Samaniego ( born June 16 , 1951 ) is a Panamanian former professional boxer who competed from 1968 to 2001 . Widely regarded as one of the greatest boxers of all time , Durán was a versatile brawler and in-fighter in the ring , which earned him the nickname of `` Manos de Piedra '' ( `` Hands of Stone '' ) for his devastating punching power . He is a four-weight world champion , having held titles at lightweight ( 1972 -- 1979 ) , welterweight ( 1980 ) , light middleweight ( 1983 -- 1984 ) , and middleweight ( 1989 ) , as well as reigns as the undisputed and lineal lightweight champion ( 1978 -- 1979 ) , and the lineal welterweight champion ( 1980 ) . He is also the second boxer to have competed over a span of five decades , the first being Jack Johnson .   In 2002 , Durán was voted by The Ring magazine as the fifth greatest fighter of the last 80 years , while boxing historian Bert Sugar rated him as the eighth greatest fighter of all time . The Associated Press voted him as the best lightweight of the 20th century , with many considering him the greatest lightweight of all time . Durán finally retired in January 2002 at age 50 ( having previously retired in 1998 ) following a bad car crash in October 2001 , with an epic professional record of 119 fights , 103 wins , and 70 knockouts . Up until his fight with Wilfred Benítez in 1982 , he was trained by legendary boxing trainer Ray Arcel .

neg: 2005 in UFC The year 2005 is the 13th year in the history of the Ultimate Fighting Championship ( UFC ) , a mixed martial arts promotion based in the United States . In 2005 the UFC held 10 events beginning with , UFC 51 : Super Saturday . The reality TV series The Ultimate Fighter and the UFC Ultimate Fight Night both premiered on Spike TV . The Ultimate Fighter 1 Finale was the first ever live UFC broadcast on non-pay-per-view television .

neg: Ring of Honor Ring of Honor ( ROH ) is an American professional wrestling promotion , founded in 2002 by RF Video owner Rob Feinstein . From 2004 to 2011 , the promotion was under the ownership of Cary Silkin before being sold to the Sinclair Broadcast Group ( SBG ) , an American telecommunications company that operates the largest number of local television stations in the United States .   ROH holds TV tapings , pay-per-view events , live events , and Internet pay-per-view events throughout the United States and Canada . It has also held shows in the United Kingdom and Japan . Annual shows include the Anniversary Show , Supercard of Honor ( held annually during WrestleMania weekend ) , Best in the World , Global Wars , Death Before Dishonor , Glory By Honor , and Final Battle ( the last show of the calendar year and ROH 's marquee event ) .   ROH records all of its shows and sells them on DVD through mail order via its online store , and the DVDs have developed a fanbase for the promotion in the United States and beyond . In 2009 , ROH signed a television deal with HDNet , which aired shows every week until 2011 . As of September 2011 , ROH 's flagship broadcast Ring of Honor Wrestling has been syndicated by parent company Sinclair Broadcasting , and airs on Sinclair owned stations across the country . ROH is also broadcast on Samurai TV in Japan , and is the third-largest professional wrestling promotion in the United States , behind WWE and after Impact Wrestling .   On June 22 , 2014 , ROH had its first live pay-per-view broadcast , Best in the World , from Nashville , Tennessee . It was followed-up on December 7 with their biggest show of the year Final Battle , from Terminal 5 in New York City . Their next pay-per-view aired March 1 , 2015 , which was their 13th Anniversary Show , from Las Vegas , Nevada .

neg: Team Hammer House Team Hammer House is a mixed martial arts team operating out of Columbus , Ohio , made up of mostly former NCAA wrestlers . While Hammer House focuses on amateur wrestling they do have cross training deals with notable fighters and camps such as Matt Serra , Pat Miletich and Xtreme Couture Mixed Martial Arts . Founded by former UFC champion Mark Coleman , Team Hammer House has attracted such mixed martial arts fighters as Kevin Randleman and Phil Baroni .

neg: Jeff Hougland Jefferey Ryan Hougland ( born August 2 , 1978 ) is an American mixed martial artist , who is perhaps best known for his three fight stint in the Bantamweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship .

neg: Club fighter A club fighter ( or clubfighter ) is a professional boxer who usually fights locally and has a mediocre record . Club fighters generally are not nationally recognized and have not won any fights that show the ability to win a championship . The term is often used as a pejorative for over-hyped fighters or for older boxers when they begin to decline . For example , Floyd Mayweather Jr. called Arturo Gatti `` a blown-up club fighter '' , even though Gatti was the WBC super lightweight champion at the time .   A club fighter is less respected than a contender , who defeats journeymen and club fighters in order to establish himself as a challenger for a world title . A journeyman is slightly more respected than a club fighter -- often by way of having a superficially good record .   Category : Boxing terminology  Category : Pejorative terms for people

neg: Tim Means Timothy Carl `` Tim '' Means ( born February 20 , 1984 ) is an American professional mixed martial artist currently competing in the Welterweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship . A professional competitor since 2004 , Means has also formerly competed for King of the Cage and Legacy FC . Means is the former King of the Cage Lightweight Champion and the former King of the Cage Junior Welterweight Champion .

neg: Anthony Morrison Anthony Morrison ( born March 29 , 1984 ) is an American professional mixed martial artist . Anthony Morrison formerly competed in the Featherweight division of Bellator MMA . A professional competitor since 2004 , Morrison has also formerly competed for the WEC .

neg: UFC Fight Night 6 UFC Fight Night : Sanchez vs. Parisyan ( also known as UFC Fight Night 6 ) was a mixed martial arts event held by the Ultimate Fighting Championship on August 17 , 2006 . The event took place at the Red Rock Resort Spa and Casino in Las Vegas , Nevada , and was broadcast live on Spike TV in the United States and Canada . It acted as a lead-in to the season four premiere of The Ultimate Fighter . The two-hour broadcast of UFC Fight Night 6 on Spike TV drew a 1.5 overall rating .   The main event of the evening -- a welterweight bout between The Ultimate Fighter superstar Diego Sanchez and former title contender Karo Parisyan -- was given heightened interest , as the winner of the bout was rumored to designate the next challenger for the UFC welterweight championship .   The disclosed fighter payroll for this event was $ 173,500 .

neg: Jack Ryan (streetball player) Jack Ryan , aka `` Black Jack '' , aka `` Water '' , is an American streetball player from Brooklyn , New York . Ryan 's basketball exploits began at John Jay High School , where , as a senior , he averaged 26 ppg . Ryan later took his game to East 5th St. Park in Brooklyn , where he mastered the tricks and shots he became well known for . In his first season in a recreational league at West 4th , Ryan played one game against former Detroit Piston Phil Sellers and scored 44 points .   Ryan is most well known for his very proficient 3-point shooting . According to an article written by Bobbito Garcia about Ryan in Slam Magazine Streetball Special Collector 's Issue , Chris Mullin once described Jack as the best shooter he 'd ever seen who had n't played in the NBA . The article also states Peter Vecsey got Ryan a tryout with the New Jersey Nets in 1990 , but was the second-to-last man cut , ending Ryan 's NBA aspirations . In May 2003 Ryan was named as one of `` Slam Magazines Greatest Playground Ballers of All Time . '' Ryan further proved his mastery of the 3-point shot when he won the 2005 City Slam 3-Point Shooting Championships , which aired on ESPN . In a close final , Ryan edged out fellow streetball sharpshooter Deshun `` Father Time '' Jackson to take the title . https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EHijMfhV1jQ   Jack Ryan 's story was featured on the cover of the -LSB- New York Times -RSB- Sports section on December 3 , 2003 http://www.nytimes.com/2003/12/03/sports/basketball-a-hard-case-from-the-streets-makes-good.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm The article inspired the 2009 production of a moving documentary on his life story titled `` Release : The Jack Ryan Story '' https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=addkLMohZ1E . Ryan remains a popular video subject on YouTube , setting records and earning accolades -- while performing at NBA All Star weekend 2008 in New Orleans Ryan became a 3 time Guinness Record Holder .   Ryan continues to play basketball every day in leagues all around the US and playing in showcase tournaments ; but he truly fuels his passion for basketball with his company HoopWizard.com a one man show -- he is a sought after performer who travels worldwide entertaining at NBA & Collegiate Half Time shows , basketball camps , Bar/Bat Mitzvahs , Corporate events and numerous private celebrations for basketball fans of all ages . http://vimeo.com/39274310   Ryan is described as authentic & inspirational as he performs shooting demonstrations and spins nine balls at a time ! He serves as a powerful speaker for many Elementary and Middle School programs delivering a unique and interactive message to youth while entertaining with basketballs . Planners who seek fantastic performances featuring tremendous athletic skill , infectious smiles and superb basketball entertainment consistently contact Jack `` Blackjack '' Ryan for their events . See http://hoopwizard.com for more pictures and exciting videos !   JACK RYAN 'S FILM CREDITS AND BASKETBALL AWARDS :   2013 Complex.com : One of `` The 20 Greatest basketball players of all time not to make the NBA ''   2013 Complex.com : Named to the list of `` Top 25 Streetball Players of All Time ''   2011 At 50 years old led West 4th Summer league in scoring   2010 MTV : Band Of Ballers Champion   2010 Converse TV Commercial : `` Join The Procession '' with Julius Dr. J Erving   2009 `` Release : The Jack Ryan Story '' , Documentary by Aaron Bierman & Mitchell Tannen   2008 THREE-time Guinness Record Holder , achieved at NBA All Star Weekend in New Orleans :  Longest spin on toe , Longest spin on nose , Most free throws blind folded in a minute !   2005 ESPN : City Slam National 3-point Shooting Champion   2003 NY Times : Life story article , front page of sports section , written by Ira Berkow   2003 Slam magazine : Named `` One of the Greatest Playground Ballers of all time ''  1999 First white showman in Harlem Wizard history   1997 Became a member of the Harlem Wizards Entertainment Basketball , touring internationally   1990 Free agent with NJ Nets Basketball Team , was last cut at 29 years old   1980 Jack Ryan averaged 26 points as a Senior at John Jay High School Brooklyn , NY

neg: 2002 in UFC The year 2002 is the 10th year in the history of the Ultimate Fighting Championship ( UFC ) , a mixed martial arts promotion based in the United States . In 2002 the UFC held 7 events beginning with , UFC 35 : Throwdown .

neg: Sam Hoger Samuel Earl Hoger ( -LSB- ˈhoʊɡər -RSB- born June 28 , 1980 ) is an American mixed martial artist and an actor , most notable for appearing on the first season of The Ultimate Fighter , a reality television series produced by the Ultimate Fighting Championship and broadcast on Spike TV Hoger has trained with Miletich Fighting Systems in Bettendorf , Iowa and is belted in the Miletich Fighting Systems . Hoger is currently teaching and training out of Hoger Mixed Martial Arts in Houston , TX .

neg: Tim Kennedy (fighter) Timothy Fred `` Tim '' Kennedy ( born September 1 , 1979 ) is an American retired professional mixed martial artist who most recently competed in the UFC 's Middleweight division . He has also formerly competed for Strikeforce , the WEC , ShoMMA , HDNet Fights , and represented the Chicago Red Bears in the IFL . Kennedy is one of the few fighters to simultaneously serve in the United States Army National Guard while also fighting professionally .

neg: Ron Stander Ron Stander ( born October 17 , 1944 ) is a former professional boxer , who fought from 1969 to 1982 . He challenged for the world heavyweight championship in 1972 , losing to Joe Frazier by fifth round technical knockout . He scored a fifth round knockout victory over hard-punching Earnie Shavers in 1970 , and a points decision win over contender Thad Spencer in 1971 . An award-winning documentary entitled `` The Bluffs Butcher , '' after his adopted hometown of Council Bluffs , IA , produced by journalism student Andrew Batt was released in 2004 . The documentary told the story of Iowa 's arguably best shot at a World Heavyweight Boxing Title and chronicled Stander 's journey from virtual unknown to boxing 's largest stage .

neg: World Fighting Alliance The World Fighting Alliance was a mixed martial arts organization based in the United States .   Owned and organized by MMA legend and trainer John Lewis ( Promoter/Match Maker ) and nightclub operator and `` Club Rubber '' promoter John Huntington ( Producer ) along with Lawyer Louis Palazzo ( Investor ) , the WFA began promoting events after the Nevada State Athletic Commission began sanctioning mixed martial arts . The Las Vegas-based promotion , unlike its cross-town rival , the Ultimate Fighting Championship , featured a nightclub environment and a slogan of `` Where the fight club meets the Night Club '' . Sexy and flashy , its events featured several scantily-clad ring girls between rounds and go-go dancers between fights , and plenty of loud music , including guest performers like Ice-T .   However , in an incident at Level 3 which seriously harmed the promotion 's reputation , credentialed photographers were ejected by venue security from their areas and were forced to move to where they could not take acceptable pictures . The inconvenience caused by the ejection was substantial , some writers at the event were forced to track down their photographers and leave their beat , while some offended editors decided to yank coverage of the event altogether . While the difficulties of the last event did not seem to deter the promotion and the promoters promised a Level 4 , Lewis and Huntington did not promote another WFA event since , and the promotion was assumed to be defunct .   After a rise of interest in mixed martial arts in the United States in 2005 , the WFA reemerged with new ownership and began an aggressive program to establish itself as a new major mixed martial arts promotion . The owners , Ross Goodman and Louis Palazzo , both attorneys from Las Vegas , began by signing contracts with several of the biggest free agents on the market , including former UFC middleweight contender and Olympic silver medalist Matt Lindland , PRIDE middleweight contender Quinton Jackson , retired UFC and Pancrase champion Bas Rutten , former top-ranked Bantamweight fighter Urijah Faber , and former UFC Heavyweight Champion Ricco Rodriguez . In their recruitment efforts , they also came close to signing Tito Ortiz before he was enticed by an offer from the UFC .   The fruits of their acquisitions culminated in WFA : King of the Streets on July 22 , 2006 , a pay-per-view broadcast event at the Forum in Inglewood , California . The card was headed by a main event of Quinton Jackson vs. Matt Lindland , Jackson 's first fight on American soil since becoming a headliner in PRIDE , and featured famed boxing broadcaster Barry Tompkins and wrestling star Bill Goldberg at the announce desk . Despite heavy expectations and an aggressive marketing campaign , including a pre-event special broadcast on Showtime , the event only attracted a crowd of over 5,000 , with only 2,300 tickets sold . Pay-per-view buys were also low , reportedly under 50,000 .   Despite the disappointing numbers , and rumors of financial troubles , the WFA announced their next event , WFA : King of the Streets II at Aladdin Resort and Casino in Las Vegas , Nevada scheduled for December 9 , 2006 . However , the event was then postponed until early 2007 for undisclosed reasons . On November 15 , 2006 , the WFA 's CEO , Jeremy Lappen , sued the WFA and its owners for breach of contract , claiming he has not been paid since June 2006 , a few weeks before King of the Streets . Finally on December 11 , 2006 , Zuffa , the parent company of rival promotion UFC , announced it had acquired select assets of the WFA , including the contracts of WFA fighters . The WFA afterward ceased operations per the sale agreement .   The WFA brand was revived in THQ 's video game UFC Undisputed 2010 , an update to their wildly popular multi-platform MMA video game UFC 2009 Undisputed . In the game 's career mode , which mimics that of an actual MMA fighter , players start off in the WFA and after a certain amount of success are invited to the UFC .

neg: Travis Fulton Travis Fulton ( born May 29 , 1977 ) is an American mixed martial artist and a professional boxer in the heavyweight division of both sports . Known as a longtime veteran in mixed martial arts , he has competed in over 300 sanctioned bouts and while he is perhaps best known for competing in smaller US-based promotions , he has also competed in the UFC , the WEC , Pancrase , the Chicago Red Bears of the IFL , King of the Cage and RINGS . He also holds the record for the most sanctioned mixed martial arts bouts , with 315 .

neg: Gerry Storey Gerry Storey MBE ( born 1936 , Belfast , Northern Ireland ) is a boxing trainer who has coached the Irish Olympic Boxing Team on four occasions .   Storey is the head coach of the Holy Family Boxing Club in north Belfast . Storey and the club were featured in the BBC documentary Fight Town in 2003 , and the club also appeared in the Daniel Day-Lewis film The Boxer . As a professional boxer , Storey won a British Championships title . Storey has trained many boxers including Hugh Russell , Neil Sinclair , Barry McGuigan , Paddy Barnes and Carl Frampton .   McGuigan was training by Storey from the age of 14 through to his Olympic and Commonwealth bids , and claims Storey 's club is the `` most successful boxing club in the country '' . Storey 's son Sammy is also an accomplished amateur boxer who competed in the 1984 Summer Olympics and the 1986 Commonwealth Games .   Storey 's work has helped to bridge the sectarian divide in Belfast , as he trains both Catholics and Protestants . During the 1981 Irish hunger strike he was asked by Loyalist and Republican prisoners to oversee boxing training in the Maze Prison gymnasium . As a result of his work he won the Sport For Good award at the Laureus World Sports Awards in Estoril , Portugal on 16 May 2005 . Storey received his award from Barry McGuigan and Marvin Hagler , and was the first Irish sportsperson to win a Laureus award . Storey was honoured by the Irish Amateur Boxing Association for his contribution to the sport in Dublin on 2 February 2007 .   He was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire ( MBE ) in the 2008 New Year Honours .

neg: Robert Parham Robert Parham ( born Robert Dennis Parham , Jr. on January 24 , 1966 ) is a retired American kickboxer and former five time World Kickboxing Champion and former four time Sport Karate Champion . His kickboxing record was 17-1 with 9 knockouts . In his last match , he was stopped by Patrick Barry   `` While enlisted in the Air Force , he won the Mississippi 's Silver Gloves championships and in 1988 he began earning karate titles , including Armed Forces Champion , Mississippi State Champion and pre-Olympic Taekwondo Champion .   From 1991 to 1993 , he won the National Karate Championship and in 1991 he was the United States Karate Alliance World Karate Champion . He was Sport Karate International 's regional winner in 1990 and 1993 , and world champion in 1991 . In 1993 , he earned the National Black Belt League 's Regional and World Titles and the United States Karate Alliance Lightweight Koshiki World Title .   Parham 's karate accomplishments earned him the Air Force 's Air Education and Training Command 's Male Athlete of the Year for 1992 .   The award-winning martial artist has claimed world kickboxing titles in five weight classes -- middleweight in 1994 , super middleweight in 1996 , light heavyweight in 1995 and 1997 , cruiserweight in 1997 and heavyweight in 2001 . ''   In 1999 , Parham was a feature participant in the inaugural show of the TV series `` The Toughman World Championship on FX '' . He made it to the finals and lost a hotly disputed decision to the local favorite .   He has been inducted into the Universal Martial Arts Hall of Fame , the Masters Hall of Fame , the USA Hall of Fame and the Action Martial Arts Hall of Fame for his martial arts accomplishments .   After retiring from martial arts competitions , Robert turned to acting , with minor roles in movies such as `` Bad Faith '' , `` The Insider ( film ) '' `` Hand to Hand '' . He had his breakthrough starring role in the upcoming feature `` Buster Jones '' .


query: In & Out is an Indian film.

pos: In & Out (film) In & Out is a 1997 American romantic comedy film directed by Frank Oz and starring Kevin Kline , Tom Selleck , Joan Cusack , Matt Dillon , Debbie Reynolds , and Wilford Brimley . It is an original story by screenwriter Paul Rudnick . Joan Cusack was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance .   The film was inspired by Tom Hanks 's tearful speech when he accepted his 1994 Oscar ( for his role in Philadelphia ) , in which he mentioned his high-school drama coach Rawley Farnsworth , and his former classmate John Gilkerson , `` two of the finest gay Americans , two wonderful men that I had the good fortune to be associated with . '' The film became one of mainstream Hollywood 's few attempts at a comedic `` gay movie '' of its era , and was widely noted at the time for a 12-second kiss between Kevin Kline and Tom Selleck .

neg: Gurvinder Singh Gurvinder Singh is an Indian film director . He is best known for his Punjabi language films Anhe Ghore Da Daan , and Chauthi Koot ( The Fourth Direction ) which premiered at Venice and Cannes Film Festival respectively . Gurvinder is an alumnus of Film and Television Institute of India ( FTII ) , Pune from where he studied film-making and graduated in 2001 . He travelled extensively through Punjab between 2002 and 2006 , living and wandering with folk itinerants , documenting folk ballads and oral narratives . It led to his first documentary ` Pala ' . He continued to make short experimental works and documenting arts/artists for the next few years . In 2005 he was invited by avant-garde Indian filmmaker Mani Kaul to be his teaching assistant for a master-class at FTII , which led to a close association with the filmmaker who became his mentor . He translated and published a book of conversations of Udayan Vajpeyi with Mani Kaul , titled ` Uncloven Space ' . His latest film is ` infiltrator ' starring Veer Rajwant Singh which is a 15 minute short story in an international omnibus called ` In the same garden '

neg: Insaaf (1997 film) Insaaf , also known as Insaaf : The Final Justice , is a 1997 Indian Bollywood action film directed and written by Dayal Nihalani and starring Akshay Kumar , Shilpa Shetty and Paresh Rawal . It was released on 30 May 1997 and was a box office failure .

neg: ...And Once Again And Once Again is a 2010 Indian family drama film directed by Amol Palekar . The film premiered in India on 20 August 2010 .

neg: Aap Ki Kasam Aap Ki Kasam ( I swear by you ) is a 1974 Hindi film produced by J. Om Prakash , which also marks his directorial debut . The film stars Rajesh Khanna , Mumtaz , Sanjeev Kumar , Rehman , Asrani and A. K. Hangal . The music is by R.D. Burman , who received the only Filmfare nomination for the film . The film was successful and was declared as hit on the box office , and it was also acclaimed by the critics . The songs from the film , including ` Jai Jai Shiv Shankar ' , ` Zindagi ke safar mein ' and ` Karvate badalate rahen ' , became very popular .   The Hindu newspaper in its review of the film quoted `` In a remarkable scene , where Rajesh Khanna , his anger simmering , confronts Mumtaz , the director , J. Om Prakash , brings out the performer in both . Mumtaz brings compelling expressions to her countenance as her initial disbelief at being doubted by her husband is transformed from anguish to fury in a flash . This remains the standout moment of the movie apart from the song `` Zindagi ke safar mein guzar jate hain jo maqaam '' .   The film is a remake of a Malayalam film , Vaazhve Mayam ( 1970 ) , directed by K S Sethumadhavan , where the ending was different . The film was later also remade in Telugu , retaining the original ending , by director Dasari Narayana Rao as Edadugula Bandham ( 1985 ) starring Mohan Babu and Jayasudha .

neg: Mr. India (1987 film) Mr. India is a 1987 Indian Hindi science fiction superhero film directed by Shekhar Kapur . It stars Anil Kapoor , Sridevi and Amrish Puri in the lead roles   The film was the highest grossing Indian film of 1987 , and remains a cult classic in India . The film was known for several of its lines and songs , including Sridevi 's Miss Hawa Hawaii performance , and Amrish Puri 's quote `` Mogambo khush hua '' ( Mogambo is pleased ) , which is one of the most famous quotes of Bollywood and became synonymous with Puri . The Mogambo character is also considered to be one of the best villains in Bollywood history . Laxmikant-Pyarelal 's music performed well too , especially the song Hawa Hawaii which is very popular till today . The film has often been featured in different lists of top Bollywood films . Indiatimes Movies ranks the movie amongst the Top 25 Must See Bollywood Films . This was the last film that the writing duo Salim-Javed wrote together . They had split up earlier in 1982 , but came back for one last film .   On the centenary of Indian Cinema , Mr. India has been declared one of the 100 Greatest Indian Films of All Time . Interestingly Rajesh Khanna and Amitabh Bachchan were offered the lead role , but they turned it down as they could n't relate with the invisible hero .

neg: Sam & Me Sam & Me is a 1991 Canadian film directed by well-known Indo-Canadian filmmaker Deepa Mehta . It was her debut movie as a director . The film went on to win an honourable mention at the Cannes Film Festival .

neg: Indian (2001 film) Indian is a 2001 Hindi crime drama film directed by N. Maharajan and starring Sunny Deol , Shilpa Shetty , Raj Babbar and Mukesh Rishi . A remake of Tamil film Vallarasu starring Vijayakanth , the film had dialogues written by Sanjay Masoom . It opened on 26 October 2001 to excellent collections .

neg: Kotigobba 2 Kotigobba 2 ( English : One in a crore - 2 ) is a 2016 Indian Kannada-language action film directed by K. S. Ravikumar . The film was produced by Rockline Venkatesh and M. Babu in both Kannada and Tamil languages simultaneously ; the latter as Mudinja Ivana Pudi . Despite its title , the film is not a sequel to Kotigobba ( 2001 ) . The film features Kichcha Sudeep and Nithya Menen in the lead roles . Both versions of the film released on 12 August 2016 coinciding with the 2016 Varalakshmi Vrata . Now the film is being dubbed into Telugu as Kotikokkadu ( English : One in a crore ) . The Telugu version of this film will be presented by Lagadapati Srinivas .

neg: 13th National Film Awards The 13th National Film Awards , then known as State Awards for Films , presented by Ministry of Information and Broadcasting , India to felicitate the best of Indian Cinema released in 1965 .   Starting with 13th National Film Awards , a new award was introduced at All India level , Best Feature Film on National Unity and Emotional Integration whose winner received a cash prize .

neg: Balaji Motion Pictures Balaji Motion Pictures is an Indian film production and distribution company established by Jeetendra . Based in Mumbai , it mainly produces and distributes Hindi films . Key people involved are Jeetendra wife Shobha Kapoor and daughter Ekta Kapoor .

neg: 15th Filmfare Awards The 15th Filmfare Awards were held in 1968 , celebrating the best in Hindi cinema in 1967 . Manoj Kumar 's patriotic drama Upkar was the biggest winner on the night , winning 7 awards , 4 for Manoj Kumar , including Best Film and Best Director . The smash hit ` Mere Desh Ki Dharti ' from the film also won awards for its lyricist and singer .

neg: Note Out Note Out is a 2011 Malayalam comedy film directed by debutant Kutty Naduvil starring Nishan and Mithra Kurian in the lead roles . The music of the film has been composed by Vinu Thomas with lyrics penned by Anil Panachooran . The film released on 14 January 2011 . The film is produced by Joseph George in the banner of Thekkadiyil Films , who also distributes the film through Play House Release .

neg: Nayakan Nayakan ( The Hero ) , also spelt Nayagan , is a 1987 Indian Tamil-language crime-drama film written and directed by Mani Ratnam and starring Kamal Haasan . It is loosely based on the real-life Bombay underworld don Varadarajan Mudaliar , and sympathetically depicts the struggle of South Indians living in Bombay ( now Mumbai ) . The film also stars Saranya Ponvannan in her film debut . Karthika , Nassar , Janagaraj , Delhi Ganesh and Tinnu Anand play significant roles . The soundtrack and score of the film were composed by Ilaiyaraaja and was met with a successful response after release . The film has been inspired from Francis Ford Coppola 's 1972 film The Godfather .   Principal photography commenced in November 1986 with test shoots featuring Haasan . The film was released on 21 October 1987 on the occasion of Diwali and received critical acclaim worldwide . Kamal Haasan 's performance as Velu Nayakan earned him the National Film Award for Best Actor . The film also earned the National Awards for Best Cinematography ( P. C. Sriram ) and Best Art Direction ( Thotta Tharani ) . The film was India 's official submission for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film in 1988 at the 60th Academy Awards , but was not nominated .   In 2005 , the magazine TIME included Nayagan in its list of `` All-Time 100 Best Films '' . The film was also included in The Moving Arts Film Journals list of greatest films of all time . Nayagan was also included in NDTV 's list `` India 's 20 greatest films '' . CNN-IBN included the film in its list of `` 100 greatest Indian films of all time '' .   The film was dubbed in Telugu under the title Nayakudu . It was also remade in Hindi as Dayavan in 1988 starring Vinod Khanna . A Hindi dub of the film was released in 1999 as Velu Nayakan .

neg: List of films released by Yash Raj Films Yash Raj Films ( abbreviated as YRF ) is an Indian entertainment company , established by Yash Chopra in 1970 , that produces and distributes motion pictures . As of 2017 , the company has produced 71 Hindi films , including three that are yet-to-be-released , and one Tamil film . Yash Raj Films started a film distribution business in 1997 , and in addition to distributing their own productions , the company has handled the domestic and international distribution of 35 films from other companies .   Yash Raj Films ' first release came in 1973 with the Chopra-directed Daag : A Poem of Love , a drama about bigamy , starring Rajesh Khanna , Raakhee and Sharmila Tagore . The company had four more releases in the 1970s , including the family drama Kabhie Kabhie and the action film Kaala Patthar , both of which starred Amitabh Bachchan . Yash Raj Films ' sole commercial success in the 1980s was the Sridevi-starring romance Chandni . The year 1995 marked the directorial debut of Yash Chopra 's son , Aditya Chopra , with the highly successful romantic drama Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge . Starring Shah Rukh Khan and Kajol , the film has the longest theatrical run in Indian cinema history . Other successful releases of the 1990s were Darr ( 1993 ) and Dil To Pagal Hai ( 1997 ) , both starring Khan .   In the 2000s , Yash Raj Films produced a larger number of films . In addition to directorial ventures from Yash and Aditya Chopra , the company launched several new directors , including Sanjay Gadhvi , Vijay Krishna Acharya , Kunal Kohli , Siddharth Anand , and Shaad Ali . Some of the company 's top-grossing films in that decade include Gadhvi 's action thrillers Dhoom ( 2004 ) and Dhoom 2 ( 2006 ) , Kohli 's romantic thriller Fanaa ( 2006 ) , Ali 's comedy film Bunty Aur Babli ( 2005 ) , Yash Chopra 's romance Veer-Zaara ( 2004 ) , and Aditya Chopra 's dramas Mohabbatein ( 2000 ) and Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi ( 2008 ) . Beginning in 2008 , the company introduced a number of new actors such as Anushka Sharma , Ranveer Singh , Parineeti Chopra , and Arjun Kapoor .   Yash Raj Films ' highest-grossing films came in the 2010s with the Kabir Khan-directed action thriller Ek Tha Tiger ( 2012 ) , starring Salman Khan and Katrina Kaif , the third installment of the Dhoom franchise , entitled Dhoom 3 ( 2013 ) , featuring Aamir Khan , Uday Chopra and Abhishek Bachchan , and the sports drama Sultan ( 2016 ) , starring Salman Khan and Sharma . All three films rank among the highest-grossing Bollywood films of all time . The most frequent collaborations of the company have been with the actors Rani Mukerji , Rishi Kapoor , Shah Rukh Khan , and Saif Ali Khan .

neg: Sivaji Ganesan Villupuram Chinnaiah Ganesan ( 1 October 1928 -- 21 July 2001 ) better known as Sivaji Ganesan , was an Indian stage , and film actor who was active in Tamil cinema during the latter half of the 20th century . He was well known for his versatility and variety of roles depicted on screen , which gave him also the Tamil honorific name Nadigar Thilagam ( lit . the pride of actors ) . In a career that spanned close to five decades , he had acted in 283 films in Tamil , Telugu , Kannada , Malayalam and Hindi . His eidetic memory helped him remember his scripts at a glance .   Ganesan was the first tamil film actor to win a `` Best Actor '' award in an International film festival , the Afro-Asian Film Festival held in Cairo , Egypt in 1960 . Many leading South Indian film actors have stated that their acting was influenced by Ganesan . He received the President Award for Best Tamil Actor on twelve occasions . In addition , he received four Filmfare Awards South and a National Film Award ( Special Jury ) . In 1997 , Ganesan was conferred the Dadasaheb Phalke Award , highest honour for films in India . He was also the first Indian actor to be made a Chevalier of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres .   Ganesan is remembered as an iconic figure of Tamil cinema . He has been described by the Los Angeles Times as `` The Marlon Brando of Indian Cinema '' . In spite of his celebrated film career , his short stint in politics became a futile attempt .

neg: PK (film) PK is a 2014 Indian satirical science fiction comedy film . The film was directed by Rajkumar Hirani , produced by Hirani and Vidhu Vinod Chopra , and written by Hirani and Abhijat Joshi . The film stars Aamir Khan in the title role with Anushka Sharma , Sushant Singh Rajput , Boman Irani , Saurabh Shukla , and Sanjay Dutt in supporting roles . It tells the story of an alien who comes to Earth on a research mission . He befriends a television journalist and questions religious dogmas and superstitions .   The film received positive reviews and emerged as the 3rd highest-grossing Indian film of all time , and ranks as the 70th highest-grossing film of 2014 worldwide . The film has been regarded as one of the best Hindi films of 2014 . It is currently the 3rd highest-grossing Indian film of all time only behind Baahubali 2 : The Conclusion and Dangal ( film ) .   PK is the first Indian film to gross 7 billion worldwide . It is also the first Indian film to gross US$ 100 million ( Rs 630 crore ) worldwide .

neg: Chennai International Film Festival The Chennai International Film Festival ( CIFF ) is a festival organised in the city of Chennai , India , by a film society , the Indo Cine Appreciation Foundation ( ICAF ) , with the support of the government of Tamil Nadu , the South Indian Film Chamber of Commerce and the Film Federation of India .   From the official website , the festival aims at :   providing a common platform for the film fraternity to show its expression through films ; understanding other cultures and project the excellence of this art form ; contribute to the understanding and appreciation of film cultures of the different nations in the context of the social and cultural ethos ; and promote friendship and co-operation among peoples of the world .   The festival has been organised since 2002 . It showcases international as well as Indian feature films . The Indian language films are divided into the Tamil ( 12 films ) and the Indian panorama featured films ( around 12 films ) . The festival screens more than 100 international feature films .   The CIFF provide awards in the following categories :  The Best film in Tamil .  The Second Best film .  Special Jury Award for individual excellence  Online Film buff Award  Amitabh Bachchan Youth Icon Award , from 2013

neg: Entry (film) Entry is a 2013 Malayalam film directed by Rajesh Amanakara and starring Baburaj , Ranjini Haridas , Bhagath Manuel and Sija Rose in the lead roles .

neg: Aashiqui.in Aashiqui.in is a 2011 Bollywood romantic film directed by Shankhadeep , starring Ankita Shrivastava and debutant Ishaan Manhaas in the lead roles . The music and the background score of the film are composed by Nitin kumar gupta and Prem Hariya , and the lyrics are penned by Gupta as well . The film is very similar to the 2004 film A Cinderella Story . The film was released in cinemas on 11 February 2011 , and the story follows a man who meets his love interest on the internet .


query: The Olympic Games shed light on unknown athletes.

pos: Olympic Games The modern Olympic Games or Olympics ( Jeux olympiques ) are leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a variety of competitions . The Olympic Games are considered the world 's foremost sports competition with more than 200 nations participating . The Olympic Games are held every four years , with the Summer and Winter Games alternating by occurring every four years but two years apart .   Their creation was inspired by the ancient Olympic Games , which were held in Olympia , Greece , from the 8th century BC to the 4th century AD . Baron Pierre de Coubertin founded the International Olympic Committee ( IOC ) in 1894 , leading to the first modern Games in Athens in 1896 . The IOC is the governing body of the Olympic Movement , with the Olympic Charter defining its structure and authority .   The evolution of the Olympic Movement during the 20th and 21st centuries has resulted in several changes to the Olympic Games . Some of these adjustments include the creation of the Winter Olympic Games for ice and winter sports , the Paralympic Games for athletes with a disability , and the Youth Olympic Games for teenage athletes . The IOC has had to adapt to a variety of economic , political , and technological advancements . As a result , the Olympics has shifted away from pure amateurism , as envisioned by Coubertin , to allowing participation of professional athletes . The growing importance of mass media created the issue of corporate sponsorship and commercialisation of the Games . World wars led to the cancellation of the 1916 , 1940 , and 1944 Games . Large boycotts during the Cold War limited participation in the 1980 and 1984 Games .   The Olympic Movement consists of international sports federations ( IFs ) , National Olympic Committees ( NOCs ) , and organising committees for each specific Olympic Games . As the decision-making body , the IOC is responsible for choosing the host city for each Games , and organises and funds the Games according to the Olympic Charter . The IOC also determines the Olympic programme , consisting of the sports to be contested at the Games . There are several Olympic rituals and symbols , such as the Olympic flag and torch , as well as the opening and closing ceremonies . Over 13,000 athletes compete at the Summer and Winter Olympic Games in 33 different sports and nearly 400 events . The first , second , and third-place finishers in each event receive Olympic medals : gold , silver , and bronze , respectively .   The Games have grown so much that nearly every nation is now represented . This growth has created numerous challenges and controversies , including boycotts , doping , bribery , and a terrorist attack in 1972 . Every two years the Olympics and its media exposure provide unknown athletes with the chance to attain national and sometimes international fame . The Games also constitute an opportunity for the host city and country to showcase themselves to the world .

neg: Puerto Rico at the 2012 Summer Olympics Puerto Rico competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London , United Kingdom from July 27 to August 12 , 2012 . This was the nation 's seventeenth consecutive appearance at the Olympics .   Comité Olímpico de Puerto Rico sent a total of 25 athletes to the Games , 19 men and 6 women , to compete in 8 sports . The nation 's team size was roughly larger by three athletes from Beijing . This was also the youngest delegation in Puerto Rico 's Olympic history , with half the team under the age of 25 , and many of them were expected to reach their peak in time for the 2016 Olympics in Rio de Janeiro . Four Puerto Rican athletes had competed in Beijing , including track star and pre-Olympic favorite Javier Culson , who held the record as the `` world 's fastest man '' in the hurdles , and later became the nation 's flag bearer at the opening ceremony . Canterbury Christ Church University had been selected as the team 's preparation base for these Olympic games .   These Games tied as Puerto Rico 's most successful Olympics , winning a total of two medals , and tying the record for the most medals with Los Angeles at a single games . Javier Culson won the nation 's first ever Olympic bronze medal after 16 years in the men 's hurdles . Meanwhile , Dominican born Jaime Espinal became the first Puerto Rican athlete to claim an Olympic silver medal in men 's freestyle wrestling , and set a historic Olympic record as the nation 's second silver medalist , 28 years after Luis Ortiz had become the first .

neg: Winter Olympic Games The Winter Olympic Games ( Jeux olympiques d'hiver ) is a major international sporting event that occurs once every four years . Unlike the Summer Olympics , the Winter Olympics feature sports practised on snow and ice . The first Winter Olympics , the 1924 Winter Olympics , was held in Chamonix , France . The original five sports ( broken into nine disciplines ) were bobsleigh , curling , ice hockey , Nordic skiing ( consisting of the disciplines military patrol , cross-country skiing , Nordic combined , and ski jumping ) , and skating ( consisting of the disciplines figure skating and speed skating ) . The Games were held every four years from 1924 until 1936 , after which they were interrupted by World War II . The Olympics resumed in 1948 and was again held every four years . Until 1992 , the Winter and Summer Olympic Games were held in the same years , but in accordance with a 1986 decision by the International Olympic Committee ( IOC ) to place the Summer and Winter Games on separate four-year cycles in alternating even-numbered years , the next Winter Olympics after 1992 was in 1994 .   The Winter Games have evolved since its inception . Sports and disciplines have been added and some of them , such as Alpine skiing , luge , short track speed skating , freestyle skiing , skeleton , and snowboarding , have earned a permanent spot on the Olympic programme . Others ( such as curling and bobsleigh ) have been discontinued and later reintroduced , or have been permanently discontinued ( such as military patrol , though the modern Winter Olympic sport of biathlon is descended from it ) . Still others , such as speed skiing , bandy and skijoring , were demonstration sports but never incorporated as Olympic sports . The rise of television as a global medium for communication enhanced the profile of the Games . It created an income stream , via the sale of broadcast rights and advertising , which has become lucrative for the IOC . This allowed outside interests , such as television companies and corporate sponsors , to exert influence . The IOC has had to address several criticisms , internal scandals , the use of performance-enhancing drugs by Winter Olympians , as well as a political boycott of the Winter Olympics . Nations have used the Winter Games to showcase the claimed superiority of their political systems .   The Winter Olympics has been hosted on three continents by eleven different countries . The Games have been held in the United States four times ( 1932 , 1960 , 1980 , 2002 ) ; in France three times ( 1924 , 1968 , 1992 ) ; and in Austria ( 1964 , 1976 ) , Canada ( 1988 , 2010 ) , Japan ( 1972 , 1998 ) , Italy ( 1956 , 2006 ) , Norway ( 1952 , 1994 ) , and Switzerland ( 1928 , 1948 ) twice . Also , the Games have been held in Germany ( 1936 ) , Yugoslavia ( 1984 ) , and Russia ( 2014 ) once . The IOC has selected Pyeongchang , South Korea , to host the 2018 Winter Olympics and Beijing , China , to host the 2022 Winter Olympics . No city in the southern hemisphere has hosted or even been an applicant to host the Winter Olympics ; the major challenge preventing one hosting the games is the dependence on winter weather , and the traditional February timing of the games falls in the middle of the southern hemisphere summer .   Twelve countries -- Austria , Canada , Finland , France , Great Britain , Hungary , Italy , Norway , Poland , Sweden , Switzerland and the United States -- have sent athletes to every Winter Olympic Games . Six of those -- Austria , Canada , Finland , Norway , Sweden and the United States -- have earned medals at every Winter Olympic Games , and only one -- the United States -- has earned gold at each Games . Norway leads in terms of number of gold medals and overall number of medals . Germany and Japan have been banned at times from competing in the Games .

neg: 1976 Summer Olympics medal table The 1976 Summer Olympics medal table is a list of National Olympic Committees ranked by the number of medals won during the 1976 Summer Olympics , held in Montreal , Quebec , Canada , from July 17 to August 1 , 1976 . A total of 6,084 athletes from 92 countries participated in these Games , competing in 198 events in 23 sports .   Twenty-eight African countries boycotted these Games . This decision was taken in response to the participation of New Zealand , because its national rugby union team ( the All Blacks ) continued to play rugby with South Africa , which had been banned from the Olympic movement since 1964 due to its apartheid policies .   Athletes from 41 countries won at least one medal , leaving 51 countries in blank in the medal table . The Soviet Union won the highest number of gold medals ( 49 ) and overall medals ( 125 ) . Thailand and Bermuda won the first medals in their Olympic history , with Bermuda still being the least populous nation to ever win a Summer Olympic medal .  The Montreal Summer Olympics proved disastrous to Canada not only in financial terms ; it failed to win a single gold medal despite being the host nation . Overall , it was 27th in the medal table , which remains the worst result a host nation has ever scored in the history of the Games .   Nikolai Andrianov of the Soviet Union won seven medals ( four gold , two silver and one bronze medals ) , becoming the most medalled athlete in these Games .

neg: 1964 Summer Paralympics The , originally known as the 13th International Stoke Mandeville Games , were the 2nd Paralympic Games to be held . They were held in Tokyo , Japan , they were the last Summer Paralympics to take place in the same city as the Summer Olympics until the 1988 Summer Paralympics . The term `` Paralympic Games '' was approved by the International Olympic Committee ( IOC ) first in 1984 , while the International Paralympic Committee ( IPC ) was formed in 1989 .   In contrast with the 1960 Games , many events had more than three participants , meaning that athletes were no longer guaranteed a medal upon completing their event .   Also originally known as Paralympic Tokyo 1964 .   Tokyo will host the Summer Paralympic Games again in 2020 . .

neg: List of flag bearers for Independent Olympians at the Olympics This is a list of flag bearers who have competed as Individual Olympic Athletes at the Olympics .   Flag bearers carry the Olympic Flag at the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games .

neg: 2004 European Winter Throwing Challenge The 2004 European Winter Throwing Challenge was held on 13 and 14 March at St. John Athletic Stadium in Marsa , Malta . It was the fourth edition of the athletics competition for throwing events organised by the European Athletics Association . The 2004 event was the last to use the challenge name , as subsequent editions were known as European Cup Winter Throwing events . A total of 147 athletes from 28 countries entered the competition .   The competition featured men 's and women 's contests in shot put , discus throw , javelin throw and hammer throw . Athletes were seeded into `` A '' and `` B '' groups in each competition . Russia topped the points table in the women 's and men 's division of the team competition . With four medals , it shared the greatest medal haul alongside Germany , which was runner-up in the points table but was the only nation to have two winners from the eight events on offer .   The host nation , Malta , had only one athlete at the event -- men 's javelin thrower Jean Paul Callus . Callus broke the Maltese record with his opening throw , recording a new best mark of for his country . The weather was not conducive to high standard performances and Callus gave the sole record performance of the challenge .   Five athletes went on to take medals at the 2004 Athens Olympics : Eşref Apak was a bronze medallist , Vadims Vasiļevskis , Nadine Kleinert and Steffi Nerius took Olympic silver , and Natalya Sadova became the Olympic champion in women 's discus . Despite going on to this success , among these only Vasiļevskis was a winner in the European Winter Throwing Challenge .

neg: Mexico at the 2004 Summer Olympics Mexico competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens , Greece , from 13 to 29 August 2004 . This was the nation 's twentieth appearance at the Olympics , since its debut in 1900 . Comité Olímpico Mexicano sent the nation 's largest delegation to the Games since 1992 . A total of 109 athletes , 59 men and 50 women , competed in 20 sports . Football was the only team-based sport in which Mexico had its representation in these Olympic Games . There was only a single competitor in fencing , shooting , and weightlifting .   The Mexican team featured three Olympic medalists from Sydney : race walker Noé Hernández , taekwondo jin Víctor Estrada , and diver Fernando Platas , who reprised his role to carry the national flag for the second time in the opening ceremony , after winning the silver in men 's springboard . Along with Platas , race walkers Miguel Ángel Rodríguez and Germán Sánchez officially made their fourth Olympic appearance as the most experienced members of the team . Meanwhile , show jumper Gerardo Tazzer , who helped the Mexicans claim the bronze at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow , sought his fourth Olympic bid in Athens after a sixteen-year absence , and was also the oldest athlete of the team at age 52 .   Mexico left Athens with a total of four medals ( three silver and one bronze ) , failing to win a gold for the first time since 1996 . Half of these medals were awarded to the athletes in taekwondo . Sprinter Ana Guevara set the nation 's historical milestone as the first ever female Mexican to claim an Olympic silver medal in track and field . Meanwhile , Belem Guerrero claimed a silver for the first time in the nation 's Olympic cycling history , since the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles , since José Youshimatz took home the bronze in the men 's points race .

neg: Switzerland at the 2012 Summer Olympics Switzerland competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London , from 27 July to 12 August 2012 . Swiss athletes competed at every Summer Olympic Games in the modern era , except when they boycotted the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne as a protest to the Soviet invasion of Hungary . The Swiss Olympic Association sent a total of 103 athletes to the Games , 72 men and 31 women , to compete in 18 sports .   Switzerland left London with a total of four Olympic medals ( two gold and two silver ) , their lowest in Summer Olympic history since 1992 . This was in stark contrast with the zero medal tally of the neighbouring Austria , a nation of roughly comparable size . Most of these medals were awarded to the athletes in cycling , tennis , equestrian , and triathlon .   Among the nation 's medalists were mountain biker Nino Schurter , who collected a total of two Olympic medals after winning the silver in men 's cross-country race . Equestrian rider Steve Guerdat won Switzerland 's first ever gold medal in the individual show jumping after 84 years . Meanwhile , Nicola Spirig became the second Swiss athlete to claim an Olympic title in women 's triathlon since its official debut as a full-medal sport in 2000 . World number-one male tennis player Roger Federer won the coveted silver medal in the men 's singles , after he was defeated by Great Britain 's Andy Murray . Several Swiss athletes missed out of the medal standings . Defending Olympic champion Fabian Cancellara finished seventh in the men 's individual time trial , following his collarbone injury from the road race .

neg: Portugal at the 2004 Summer Olympics Portugal competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens , Greece , from 13 to 29 August 2004 . Portuguese athletes have competed at every Summer Olympic Games in the modern era since 1912 . The Olympic Committee of Portugal sent the nation 's second-largest team to the Games . A total of 81 athletes , 64 men and 17 women , were selected by the committee to participate in 15 sports . Men 's football was the only team-based sport in which Portugal had its representation at these Games . There was only a single competitor in badminton , canoeing , equestrian , artistic and trampoline gymnastics , triathlon , and wrestling , which made its official Olympic comeback after an eight-year absence .   Twenty-four Portuguese athletes had previously competed in Sydney , including two returning Olympic medalists : long-distance runner and former champion Fernanda Ribeiro and lightweight judoka Nuno Delgado , who later became the nation 's flag bearer in the opening ceremony . Mistral windsurfer and multiple-time European champion João Rodrigues and middle-distance runner Carla Sacramento shared their experiences at these Games as the only athletes who made their fourth Olympic appearance . Equestrian rider Carlos Grave , aged 46 , was the oldest athlete of the team , while breaststroke swimmer Diana Gomes was the youngest at age 15 . Among the Portuguese athletes of the team , two of them had acquired a dual citizenship to compete for Portugal : former hurdler Naide Gomes from Sao Tome and Principe in the women 's heptathlon , and sprinter Francis Obikwelu on his third Olympic bid after he previously joined the Nigerian squad in Atlanta and Sydney .   Portugal left Athens with only three Olympic medals , two silver and one bronze , improving the nation 's stark medal tally from Sydney four years earlier . The highlight of the Games for the Portuguese team came on the first day with a historic milestone for Sérgio Paulinho , as the nation 's first ever cyclist to claim a silver medal in the men 's road race . The remaining medals were awarded to the athletes in the track and field . On August 22 , 2004 , Obikwelu challenged the Americans in the men 's 100 metres , but he managed to settle only for the silver . Meanwhile , Rui Silva added another medal for Portugal with a blistering bronze in the men 's 1500 metres , which was dominated by Morocco 's Hicham El Guerrouj .

neg: Parade of the Athletes Parade of the Athletes is a retrospective mix by Dutch DJ Tiësto of his live set performed during the opening ceremony of the 2004 Summer Olympic Games in Athens , Greece on 13 August 2004 ( see 2004 in music ) . This was the first time that a DJ was asked to perform for a ceremony at the Olympics . Recognizing one of their own , the Dutch team came up to the booth while Tiësto was performing this set . All of the songs on this track are original songs composed by Tiësto except for `` Adagio for Strings '' , which is his own remix of Samuel Barber 's piece by the same name ( the remix was also influenced by William Orbit 's original electronic remix of the song in 1999 ) , and `` Athena '' , which is also a remix of Albinoni 's Adagio in G minor .   The album contains 8 new tracks composed exclusively for the Olympic Games Athens 2004 Opening Ceremony , and 4 other well-known tracks ( `` Traffic '' , `` Lethal Industry '' , `` Adagio for Strings '' and `` Forever Today '' ) . An unmixed version was also released .

neg: Athletics at the 1908 Summer Olympics At the 1908 Summer Olympics held in London , England , 26 athletics events were contested , all for men only . A total of 79 medals ( 27 gold , 27 silver , 25 bronze ) were awarded .   Each nation was allowed to enter up to 12 competitors in most of the events . In the team races ( the medley relay and the 3 mile team race ) , each nation entered one team . The medley relay was run by four athletes , with four alternates allowed . In the 3 mile team race , five athletes from each nation ran with only three counting .   The competition was restricted to amateurs , and was held under the rules of the Amateur Athletic Association . These rules included a prohibition on any interference with other runners ( a rule that played an important part in the 400 metres ) .

neg: Olympic Oath The Olympic Oath ( distinct from the Olympic creed ) is a solemn promise made by one athlete , judge or official , and one coach at the Opening Ceremony of each Olympic Games . Each oath taker is from the host nation and takes the oath on behalf of all athletes , officials , or coaches at the currently celebrated games . While reciting the oath , the oath taker holds a corner of the Olympic Flag .

neg: Olympic Stadium (Montreal) Olympic Stadium ( Stade olympique ) is a multi-purpose stadium in Canada , located at Olympic Park in the Hochelaga-Maisonneuve district of Montreal . Built in the mid-1970s as the main venue for the 1976 Summer Olympics , it is nicknamed `` The Big O '' , a reference to both its name and to the doughnut-shape of the permanent component of the stadium 's roof . It is also called `` The Big Owe '' to reference the astronomical cost of the stadium and the 1976 Olympics as a whole .   The stadium is the largest by seating capacity in Canada . After the Olympics , artificial turf was installed and it became the home of Montreal 's professional baseball and football teams . The Montreal Alouettes of the CFL returned to their previous home of Molson Stadium in 1998 for regular season games , but continued to use Olympic Stadium for playoff and Grey Cup games until 2014 when they returned to Molson Stadium for all of their games . Following the 2004 baseball season , the Expos relocated to Washington , D.C. to become the Washington Nationals . The stadium currently serves as a multipurpose facility for special events ( e.g. concerts , trade shows ) with a permanent seating capacity of 56,040 . The capacity is expandable with temporary seating . The Montreal Impact of Major League Soccer ( MLS ) use the venue on occasion , when larger capacity is needed or when the weather restricts outdoor play at nearby Saputo Stadium in the spring months .   The stadium has not had a main tenant since the Expos left in 2004 . Despite decades of use , the stadium 's history of numerous structural and financial problems has largely branded it a white elephant .   Incorporated into the north base of the stadium is the Montreal Tower , the world 's tallest inclined tower at 175 m . The stadium and Olympic Park grounds border Maisonneuve Park , which includes the Montreal Botanical Garden , adjacent to the west across Rue Sherbrooke ( Route 138 ) .

neg: 2008 Summer Paralympics The 2008 Summer Paralympic Games ( Chinese : 第十三屆残疾人奥林匹克运动会 ) , the thirteenth Paralympics , took place in Beijing , China from September 6 to 17 , 2008 . As with the 2008 Summer Olympics , equestrian events were held in Hong Kong and sailing events in Qingdao .   3,951 athletes from 146 countries took part . This was the largest ever number of nations at the Paralympics ( ten more than in Athens ) , and five countries competed for the first time . China fielded more athletes than any other country . The slogan for the 2008 Paralympics was the same as the 2008 Summer Olympics , `` One World , One Dream '' ( Pinyin Tóng yīge shìjìe tóng yīge mèngxiǎng , lit . `` One World , One Dream '' ) . China dominated the medal count finishing with 89 gold medals and 211 total medals , more than double the next-ranked NPC in both cases .   339 Paralympic records and 279 world records were broken .   International Paralympic Committee ( IPC ) President Philip Craven declared the Games `` the greatest Paralympic Games ever . ''

neg: Independent Olympic Athletes at the 2012 Summer Olympics Four Independent Olympic Athletes competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London , in the United Kingdom . These were athletes from the former Netherlands Antilles , and from the newly formed state of South Sudan . This was the third time that athletes had competed as independent participants in the Olympics . None of the athletes have won an Olympic medal .

neg: Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's 1500 metres The Men 's 1500 metres competition at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London , United Kingdom , was held at the Olympic Stadium on 3 -- 7 August .   The first round races were all very tightly packed , strategic affairs . The first race was the fastest , taking all but one of the time qualifiers into the semi-final . Andrew Wheating 's 3:40.92 in the second heat was the slowest time qualifier , though it was exactly equal to Nick Willis ' winning time in the last race . That race was broken up when Nixon Chepseba tripped sending several athletes scrambling to avoid the falling body . Chepseba ultimately finished 9th but was awarded a place in the semi-final on appeal , though no offending athlete was disqualified .   The first semi final was strategic from the start , when the sprinting started , Taoufik Makhloufi easily took the lead and held the position . Since it was strategic , no time qualifiers came from this semi . In the other semi , Chepseba took it out at a faster pace , to avoid getting caught in traffic . At the 800 mark , Nathan Brannen fell flat and was not able to get back into contention . When the sprinting started , Abdalaati Iguider looked to be the fastest . The slowest time qualifier was almost 7 seconds faster than Makhloufi winning the first .   Earlier on the day before the final , Makhloufi was also in an 800 metres qualifying round race , but he ran slowly and dropped out . Because of the `` honest effort '' rule , he was disqualified from further competition in the Olympics . It took an appeal by Algerian team officials to get him re-instated by claiming he had a known knee injury .   In the final , Makhloufi made a miraculous recovery from the injury in order to run . Kenyan Chepseba , and Kenyan born Bahraini Belal Mansoor Ali ran shoulder to shoulder until 600 to go when Chepseba then decided to take the lead solo . Behind him runners were three abreast , with Makhloufi and Silas Kiplagat trading elbows to be in position for the final lap . Another elbow just before 300 to go , and Makhloufi broke away with Kiplagat and Mekonnen Gebremedhin in hot pursuit . With Makhloufi gone , 8 meters ahead , Gebremedhin took over second at the head of the stretch , Iguider sprinting a step behind . Five meters further back , Leonel Manzano was starting to sprint around teammate Matthew Centrowitz , Jr. . As Iguider was edging ahead of Gebremedhin , Manzano was rocketing along the outside passing into second 30 meters from the finish . Iguider just barely managed to finish a fraction ahead of the fast closing Centrowitz for the bronze medal .

neg: Jim Thorpe James Francis Thorpe ( Sac and Fox ( Sauk ) : Wa-Tho-Huk , translated as `` Bright Path '' ; May 22 or 28 , 1887March 28 , 1953 ) was an American athlete and Olympic gold medalist . A member of the Sac and Fox Nation , Thorpe became the first Native American to win a gold medal for his home country . Considered one of the most versatile athletes of modern sports , he won Olympic gold medals in the 1912 pentathlon and decathlon , and played American football ( collegiate and professional ) , professional baseball , and basketball . He lost his Olympic titles after it was found he had been paid for playing two seasons of semi-professional baseball before competing in the Olympics , thus violating the amateurism rules that were then in place . In 1983 , 30 years after his death , the International Olympic Committee ( IOC ) restored his Olympic medals .   Thorpe grew up in the Sac and Fox Nation in Oklahoma , and attended Carlisle Indian Industrial School , where he was a two-time All-American for the school 's football team . After his Olympic success in 1912 , which included a record score in the decathlon , he added a victory in the All-Around Championship of the Amateur Athletic Union . In 1913 , Thorpe signed with the New York Giants , and he played six seasons in Major League Baseball between 1913 and 1919 . Thorpe joined the Canton Bulldogs American football team in 1915 , helping them win three professional championships ; he later played for six teams in the National Football League ( NFL ) . He played as part of several all-American Indian teams throughout his career , and barnstormed as a professional basketball player with a team composed entirely of American Indians .   From 1920 to 1921 , Thorpe was nominally the first president of the American Professional Football Association ( APFA ) , which became the NFL in 1922 . He played professional sports until age 41 , the end of his sports career coinciding with the start of the Great Depression . He struggled to earn a living after that , working several odd jobs . He suffered from alcoholism , and lived his last years in failing health and poverty . He was married three times and had eight children , before suffering from heart failure and dying in 1953 .   Thorpe has received various accolades for his athletic accomplishments . The Associated Press named him the `` greatest athlete '' from the first 50 years of the 20th century , and the Pro Football Hall of Fame inducted him as part of its inaugural class in 1963 . A Pennsylvania town was named in his honor and a monument site there is the site of his remains , which were the subject of legal action . Thorpe was portrayed in the 1951 film Jim Thorpe -- All-American , and appeared in several films himself .

neg: List of 1932 Winter Olympics medal winners The 1932 Winter Olympics , officially known as the III Olympic Winter Games , were a winter multi-sport event held in Lake Placid , New York , United States , from February 4 to February 15 , 1932 . A total of 252 athletes representing 17 National Olympic Committees ( NOCs ) participated in these Games . Overall , 14 events in 7 disciplines were contested .   The Olympic program remained similar to previous Winter Olympics , with only a few exceptions : neither skeleton nor military patrol events were held ; curling , which had appeared in the first Winter Olympic Games , was a non-medal demonstration sport in 1932 , as were a sled dog race and women 's speed skating . Both men and women competed in these Games , although the only medal events women contested were the ladies ' singles and pairs in figure skating . Warm weather forced officials to hold the four-man bobsleigh competition two days after the closing ceremonies , which had been conducted on February 13 .   A total of 87 athletes won medals . Athletes from the United States earned the most medals during the Games , winning 12 medals , half of which were gold . Athletes from Norway and Canada won the second and third most medals , with 10 and 7 respectively . Only four other nations -- Sweden , Finland , Austria , and Germany -- won medals in more than one event . Athletes from 10 of the 17 participating NOCs won at least one medal ; 7 won at least one gold medal .   Sonja Henie of Norway won her second consecutive gold medal in the ladies ' individual figure skating competition . Andrée Brunet and Pierre Brunet of France won their third consecutive medal in pairs figure skating , having won bronze in Chamonix before golds in St. Moritz and Lake Placid . In the men 's event , Austrian figure skater Karl Schäfer beat out three-time Olympic champion Gillis Grafström of Sweden . American Edward Eagan became the first athlete to win medals at both Summer and Winter Olympics ; he had won a gold medal in light heavyweight boxing at the 1920 Summer Olympics and took home a gold in the four-man bobsleigh at Lake Placid . Although other athletes since have earned medals in both Summer and Winter Olympics , Eagan remains the only person to have won gold medals in both .

neg: Athletics at the 1900 Summer Olympics At the 1900 Summer Olympics , twenty-three athletics events were contested . Altogether , 117 athletes from 15 nations competed . A total of 68 medals ( 23 gold , 23 silver , 22 bronze ) were awarded . In many countries , due in part to the conflation of the Olympic Games and the World 's Fair in Paris , the media discussed only the athletics events under the `` Olympic '' name while ignoring the incredible variety of other sports featured at the time .   The 23 events listed are those currently considered to have been of Olympic stature by the International Olympic Committee and most Olympic historians . They exclude all events that used a handicap system , as well as all events which were open to professional athletes .   Competitions were held on 14 July , 15 July , 16 July , 19 July , and 22 July . This included Bastille Day , which is a French holiday , and then Sunday , which many of the American athletes protested . Even with many Americans not competing in finals because of confusion caused by the organizers ' decision to count scores achieved on Monday , 16 July for finals held on Sunday , 15 July and subsequent rescission of that decision , the United States won more than 4 times as many medals as any other nation , including 16 of the 23 gold medals .   The conditions of competition were also subpar compared even to those at the previous games in 1896 . There was no track for the Paris Games , as a grass field dotted with trees and of unequal elevation was used . The course was 500 metres in length , an unusual distance for a track .

neg: Chile at the 2012 Summer Olympics Chile competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London , from 27 July to 12 August 2012 . This nation has competed at every Olympic games , except the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles , and the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow because of the United States boycott .   The Chile Olympic Committee ( Comité Olímpico de Chile , COCH ) sent a total of 35 athletes to the Games , 21 men and 14 women , to compete in 17 sports . There was only a single competitor in track cycling , judo , modern pentathlon , rowing , shooting , swimming and taekwondo . Among the sports played by the athletes , Chile made its Olympics debut in artistic gymnastics and Greco-Roman wrestling . The Chilean team featured six athletes who competed at their fourth Olympics : archer Denisse van Lamoen , épée fencer Paris Inostroza , table tennis player Berta Rodríguez and three of its oldest members from the equestrian jumping team . Van Lamoen was also appointed by the committee to carry the nation 's flag at the opening ceremony .   With poor athletic performance and the absence of tennis players in the team , Chile failed to win a single medal for the first time in Olympic history since 1996 . Gymnast Tomás González missed out on an Olympic medal in London , after finishing fourth in men 's floor and vault exercises .