query: Ottawa is the birthplace of Justin Trudeau.

pos: Justin Trudeau Justin Pierre James Trudeau ( born December 25 , 1971 ) is a Canadian politician . He is the 23rd and current Prime Minister of Canada and leader of the Liberal Party . The second youngest prime minister after Joe Clark , he is also , as the eldest son of former Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau , the first to be related to a previous holder of the post .   Born in Ottawa , Trudeau attended Collège Jean-de-Brébeuf and graduated from McGill University in 1994 and the University of British Columbia in 1998 . He gained a high public profile in October 2000 , when he delivered a eulogy at his father 's state funeral . After graduating , he worked as a teacher in Vancouver , British Columbia . He completed one year of an engineering program at Montreal 's École Polytechnique before quitting in 2003 . In 2005 he began a master 's degree in environmental geography at McGill University but quit after one year . He used his public profile to advocate for various causes and acted in the 2007 TV miniseries The Great War .   Eight years after his father 's death , Trudeau entered politics . In the 2008 federal election , he was elected to represent the riding of Papineau in the House of Commons . In 2009 , he was appointed the Liberal Party 's critic for youth and multiculturalism , and the following year , became critic for citizenship and immigration . In 2011 , he was appointed as critic for secondary education and youth and amateur sport . Trudeau won the leadership of the Liberal Party in April 2013 and went on to lead his party to victory in the 2015 federal election , moving the 3rd-placed Liberals from 36 seats to 184 seats , the largest-ever numerical increase by a party in a Canadian election .

neg: Ottawa Folklore Centre The Ottawa Folklore Centre was an instrument and music store in Ottawa , the national capital of Canada . It closed in July 2015 due to bankruptcy .   It mostly sold stringed instruments , such as guitars , banjos , basses , and many uncommon ethnic instruments . It sells mostly acoustic guitars , although it does sell electric guitars and amplifiers .   The Ottawa Folklore Centre published books of Canadian music . Titles include : Coast to Coast Fever ( out of print ) ; All the Diamonds , an early collection of songs by Bruce Cockburn ; The Stan Rogers Songbook ; Roma McMillan 's Valley Waltzes ( out of print ) ; Rumours of Glory , the second collection of songs by Bruce Cockburn ; The Canadian Pub Caroler , edited by Shelley Posen four part rare Christmas songs ; Maddie 's Beginner Tin Whistle Method and The Music of Canoesongs .

neg: Provinces and territories of Canada Canada 's geography is divided into administrative divisions known as provinces and territories that are responsible for delivery of sub-national governance . When Canada was formed in 1867 , three provinces of British North America -- New Brunswick , Nova Scotia and the Province of Canada ( which , on the formation of Canada , was divided into Ontario and Quebec ) -- were united to form a federated colony , which eventually became a sovereign nation in the next century . Over its history , Canada 's international borders have changed several times , and the country has grown from the original four provinces to the current ten provinces and three territories . The ten provinces are Alberta , British Columbia , Manitoba , New Brunswick , Newfoundland and Labrador , Nova Scotia , Ontario , Prince Edward Island , Quebec , and Saskatchewan . Several of the provinces were former British colonies , and Quebec was originally a French colony , while others were added as Canada grew . The three territories are Northwest Territories , Nunavut , and Yukon , which govern the rest of the area of the former British North America . Together , the provinces and territories make up the world 's second-largest country by area .   The major difference between a Canadian province and a territory is that provinces receive their power and authority from the Constitution Act , 1867 ( formerly called the British North America Act , 1867 ) , whereas territorial governments have powers delegated to them by the Parliament of Canada . The powers flowing from the Constitution Act are divided between the federal government and the provincial governments to exercise exclusively . A change to the division of powers between the federal government and the provinces requires a constitutional amendment , whereas a similar change affecting the territories can be performed unilaterally by the Parliament of Canada or government .   In modern Canadian constitutional theory , the provinces are considered to be co-sovereign divisions and each province has its own `` Crown '' represented by the lieutenant governor . The territories are not sovereign , but simply part of the federal realm , and have a commissioner who represents the federal government .   __ TOC __

neg: List of elections in the Province of Canada The Province of Canada was the union of Canada West ( formerly Upper Canada and later Ontario ) and Canada East ( formerly Lower Canada and later Quebec ) .   The Province of Canada held 8 unique elections from 1841 to 1863 before Confederation . While party lines were somewhat blurred , there were political parties .   There are many examples of groups of MPs going against the party line , or splitting a party into two . A good example of this is when a number of Liberal MPs supported John A. Macdonald , a Conservative , and his idea for Canadian Confederation , many other Liberal Party members were opposed to Confederation .   After the establishment of the double majority principle , any bill , in order to be passed , needed a majority of MPs from both Canada West and Canada East . This sometimes led to coalitions between Ontario Liberals and Quebec Tories , or vice versa . The elections listed below are divided into `` Left '' or `` Reformer '' camps , and `` Right '' or `` Conservative '' camps .

neg: Capital Pride (Ottawa) The Ottawa Capital Pride Festival ( Fierté dans la capitale ) is the annual Pride event in Canada 's National Capital Region , which includes the cities of Ottawa , Ontario and Gatineau , Quebec . It has been held annually since 1986 .

neg: Joseph Merrill Currier Joseph Merrill Currier ( 1820 -- April 22 , 1884 ) was a Canadian member of parliament and businessman .   He was born in North Troy , Vermont in 1820 and moved to Canada in 1837 , where he began work in the timber trade . In the late 1850s and early 1860s , he set up a sawmill and gristmill operation at Manotick , Ontario with Moss Kent Dickinson . He also operated his own lumber business in New Edinburgh from 1853 to the late 1860s and was a partner in the Wright , Batson and Currier Company with Alonzo Wright which operated a saw mill at Hull , Quebec . In 1868 , Currier built a house at 24 Sussex Drive , for his third wife Hannah Wright ( granddaughter of Philemon Wright ) , which is now used as the official residence for the Prime Minister of Canada . Currier named the house Gorffwysfa , Welsh for place of rest .   Currier became a member of the city council for Ottawa in the 1860s . In 1863 , he was elected as a representative for Ottawa in the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada . He supported Confederation and continued to represent Ottawa in the Parliament of Canada until 1882 . During that period , he was forced to resign on April 16 , 1877 because his firms had done business with the government of Canada ; he was re-elected in a by-election on May 9 , 1877 .   From 1872 to 1877 , he was president of the Citizen Printing and Publishing Company which produced the Ottawa Daily Citizen . He also was president of two railway companies in the Ottawa area , the Ottawa and Gatineau Valley Railway and the Ontario and Quebec Railway . He was also connected with many other companies in the construction , banking and insurance industries . He began encountering financial problems in the 1870s and , in 1878 , when the saw mill in Hull burned , he was bankrupt .   He was appointed postmaster of Ottawa in May 1882 . He died in 1884 in New York City and is buried in Beechwood Cemetery .   Currier had three wives : Christina Wilson whom he married in 1846 and who died in 1858 ; Anne `` Annie '' Elizabeth Crosby ; and Hannah Wright , daughter of Ruggles Wright , whom he married in 1868 . He married his second wife in January 1861 and brought her to Manotick a month later . While viewing the machinery in the mill , Anne 's dress became caught in the turbine shaft and she was thrown against a post and died . Currier is said to have never visited Manotick again and he cut his ties to the business there in 1863 . According to local legend , Anne 's ghost continues to haunt Watson 's Mill in Manotick .

neg: St. Bartholomew's Anglican Church (Ottawa) St. Bartholomew 's Anglican Church is a place of worship in Ottawa , Ontario , Canada . The building was constructed in the latter half of the 19th century and serves the surrounding neighbourhoods . Additionally , St. Bartholomew 's is , due to its location next to Rideau Hall , the place of worship for various Governors General of Canada ( whether or not of the Anglican faith ) and some members of the Canadian Royal Family . It is also the regimental chapel of the Governor General 's Foot Guards .

neg: Green Island (Rideau River) Green Island in Ottawa , Ontario , Canada , is an island at the junction of the Rideau River , just off Sussex Drive in Ottawa at the Rideau Falls at the confluence with the Ottawa River . It is situated near the neighbourhood of New Edinburgh .   To the west of the island is the National Research Council , and the Global Affairs Canada ( formerly Foreign Affairs , Trade and Development Canada ) ; to the east is 24 Sussex Drive and the embassy of France . On either side of the falls are facilities for a hydroelectric power plant .   Down the Rideau river are the ruins of a rail bridge that once led to Ottawa 's Union Station .

neg: Chapel Hill, Ottawa Chapel Hill is a neighborhood in the east end Ottawa , Ontario , Canada within the community of Orleans . It is considered an outer-suburb of Ottawa , and before the 2001 amalgamation of the city of Ottawa , it was part of the former City of Gloucester . Chapel Hill consists of mostly single family homes situated next to the National Capital Commission ( NCC ) Greenbelt and surrounding rural areas . The area is divided into two parts by Innes Road : Chapel Hill North and Chapel Hill South .   According to the 2011 Census , the population of Chapel Hill is 15,917 people , with 7,396 in the south and 8,521 in the north .

neg: Frost Building The Frost Building is a curved 7 and 6 storey office building complex on the south east side of Queen 's Park Crescent in Toronto , Ontario , Canada . The building is owned by the Government of Ontario and is part of the large Queen 's Park campus . The Frost Building is home to various ministries of the Ontario government , primarily the Ministries of Finance and Infrastructure . It is divided into a north block ( 6 storey building was home , in 2014 , to parts of the Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Infrastructure ) and a south block ( 7 storey Frost Building ) , with the north block located on 95 Grosvenor Street and the south block located on 7 Queen 's Park Crescent . A five storey glass walkway connects the two blocks from the 2nd and 6th floors .   The Frost Building is also commonly referred to as the Ontario Treasury Building . The south block of the building has seven floors ; the top floor housing the Office of the Minister of Finance and the Office of the Deputy Minister of Finance . The current Finance Minister of Ontario is Charles Sousa and the Deputy Minister of Finance is Scott Thompson .   The building is a landmark of modern office building architecture in Canada , dating from the early 1950s . It was one of the first totally `` modern look ''  buildings without any of the fancy curlicues of older buildings . It was also original in that it follows the curve of the street on which it resides . It is named for former Premier of Ontario Leslie Frost . The north block was built in the 1960s as an addition to the South Block .   The Ontario Firefighters ' Memorial is located in a small parkette to the southwest corner of the building .   Other government buildings nearby include :   Ontario Government Buildings - Hearst , Mowat and Hepburn Blocks  Whitney Block  Ontario Power Building - shares the curve building design with the Frost Building   The building is served by the Queen 's Park ( TTC ) subway station to the southwest corner .

neg: Demographics of Ontario Ontario , one of the 13 provinces and territories of Canada , is located in east-central Canada . It is Canada 's most populous province by a large margin , accounting for nearly 40 percent of all Canadians , and is the second-largest province in total area . Ontario is fourth-largest in total area when the territories of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut are included . It is home to the nation 's capital city , Ottawa , and the nation 's most populous city , Toronto .

neg: Trudeauism Trudeauism refers to the liberal-socialist ideology associated with former Liberal Party of Canada leader and Prime Minister of Canada Pierre Elliott Trudeau . Trudeauism involves social liberal , economic nationalist and Canadian nationalist policies . Trudeauism supports social justice , advocating a just society . It is concerned with historical dienfranchisement for cultural and linguistic minorities in Canada , such as Francophones and advocates bilingualism and multiculturalism in Canada though it opposes distinct society status for Quebec as advocated by some Canadian federalists . Trudeau 's policy on First Nations affairs included the White Paper that controversially advocated the end of economic and political autonomy of First Nations within Canada that had been granted for centuries , this policy failed and was later removed from the Trudeau government 's agenda .

neg: Place Bell Place Bell is one of the tallest buildings in Ottawa , Canada ( the fifth tallest in the downtown area ) with a height of 94 m . The 27-storey building stands on Elgin Street in downtown Ottawa , and is distinguishable by its wide stature ( the building is unusually large in dimensions considering its height , presumably to avoid having a 50 + storey building greatly overshadow the Peace Tower ) .   The building was built by Olympia and York in 1971 as the Ottawa headquarters of Bell Canada . The site originally contained a number of small commercial buildings and the large Gloucester Street Convent . Original plans called for the complex to be much larger and include the entire block to the north . This would have entailed demolishing several heritage buildings , including the First Baptist Church .   The main level contains a shopping concourse with a number of businesses . The rear of the structure contains a parking garage . In the 1980s the owners sued the city after salt placed on the roads by the city corroded the steel structure of the garage and it had to be closed for several years .   Bell , which remains the building 's largest tenant , owned the building until 1998 , when it was sold to TrizecHahn for $ 17 million . After the purchase , TrizecHahn conducted significant renovations . In 2002 it was bought by H&R Real Estate Investment Trust for $ 21.1 million .   Place Bell was featured prominently in the opening title sequence of the Ottawa-made TV series You Ca n't Do That On Television as a building labelled `` Television Network '' , where a school bus pulls up to the front door and a number of children flood out and into the building , trampling the doorman ( played by Les Lye ) .

neg: Confederation Boulevard Confederation Boulevard ( Boulevard de la Confédération ) is a `` ceremonial and discovery route '' in Canada 's National Capital Region , running through Parliament Hill and encompassing downtown areas in Ottawa and Gatineau . Some of Canada 's most important institutions and landmarks lie along its route . During state visits , Confederation Boulevard is toured by foreign dignitaries . On Canada Day , much of Confederation Boulevard is closed to cars . Confederation Boulevard is an initiative of the National Capital Commission ( NCC ) .   The route 's name commemorates Canadian Confederation .

neg: Minto Metropole The Minto Metropole is a 33 story residential building in the Westboro neighbourhood of Ottawa , Ontario . At 108m , it is the second tallest building in Ottawa ; five metres shorter than Place de Ville Tower C . It is the tallest residential building in the National Capital Region .   The Minto Metropole is located on the near western side of the city on Island Park Drive , overlooking the Ottawa River , and within walking distance of Westboro Station . Opened in 2004 , the postmodern tower is home to 153 condominiums . Originally , Minto planned to build a series of shorter towers along the waterfront , but residents complained that such a project would completely obscure their view of the river . As a result , Minto proposed building a single tall but slim tower , and city council approved the necessary rezoning .

neg: Centretown News Centretown News is a newspaper in Ottawa published by Carleton University 's school of journalism , distributed to the neighbourhood north of the school , called Centretown . Its publisher is Klaus Pohle , an associate professor of journalism at the school and supervisor of undergraduate studies for the journalism program . Second in command is professor and veteran journalist Randy `` the Boz '' Boswell .   The paper is run by journalism students . They write the stories , solicit advertising , lay out the pages and edit the newspaper before it hits the streets . Students in the third year of Carleton 's journalism program are required to do a reporting stint at the paper . In fourth year , students can take an optional half-credit course for a semester at the paper , where they work at rotational job postings ; for instance , a student who works as the arts reporter for one issue could be the editor-in-chief for the next . These postings usually last two issues , but some students choose to stay at the same job .   Students in the Masters journalism program can also take a course at Centretown News . They manage the editorial sections and grade the undergraduates on their performance .   Centretown News ' website says the circulation of the newspaper is 17,000 . It is distributed free of charge to the neighbourhood bordered by the Ottawa River in the north , the Queensway freeway in the south , the Rideau Canal in the east and a railroad right-of-way in the west . It is published twice a month between September and April .

neg: List of neighbourhoods in Ottawa In 2001 , the old city of Ottawa was amalgamated with the suburbs of Nepean , Kanata , Gloucester , Rockcliffe Park , Vanier and Cumberland , and the rural townships of West Carleton , Osgoode , Rideau and Goulbourn , along with the systems and infrastructure of the Regional Municipality of Ottawa-Carleton , to become one municipality .   The city is now organized into 23 wards . This is a list of neighbourhoods and outlying communities within the City of Ottawa , Ontario , Canada .

neg: C. D. Howe Building The C.D. Howe Building ( French : Édifice C.D.-Howe ) is an office tower in Ottawa , Ontario , Canada , that is the home of Innovation , Science and Economic Development Canada , the Office of the Auditor General and other smaller tenants . It was built by Olympia and York . The federal government sold the land to O&Y for a dollar and signed an agreement to lease the final building for a set rate until 2012 . The eleven-story building was opened in 1978 .   It was named after C. D. Howe , a noted federal minister in the 1930s , 1940s and 1950s . It is located at the prominent intersection of Bank Street and Sparks Street . The lower levels of the building contain a shopping mall named 240 Sparks . The mall covers 3 floors with 50 stores including a Holt Renfrew store ( closed 2015 ) .   The most notable element of the building 's interior is the amount of greenery and the large waterfall . Public Works and Government Services greened the rooftop to address environmental concerns including energy conservation , storm water management , biodiversity , and air quality , and to provide the occupants a landscaped tranquil outdoor space . More than 30 % of the roof is landscaped and grows indigenous flowers , grasses and shrubs . Another 30 % of the rooftop uses green roof technology . The C.D. Howe Building was included amongst other architecturally interesting and historically significant buildings in Doors Open Ottawa in both 2012 and 2014 .   The two elevator banks contain two storey tall cars that rise in a large atrium that stretches the entire height of the building .   The C.D. Howe Building was recognized by the Building Owners and Managers Association ( BOMA ) as the `` Government Office Building of the Year - Canada '' in 1997/98 for excellence in management . The award was presented to the Property Manager , Ronald Vadeboncoeur RPA , FMA , CPM in Halifax , Nova Scotia . He accepted on behalf of his team , including key members : Sue Baxter , Barry O'Regan , Paul Anderson , Celine Maisonneuve , Pierre Boucher and Frank Donovan .

neg: Great Canadian Theatre Company The Great Canadian Theatre Company , known for short as GCTC , is a professional theatre company based in Ottawa , Ontario , Canada . It was established in 1975 by a group of professors and graduate students at Carleton University . Riding a wave of cultural nationalism , founders Robin Matthews , Larry McDonald , Bill Law , Greg Reid and Lois Shannon envisioned a theatre company that would produce only Canadian plays , especially those with social and political relevance . Driven by a dream to place Canadian stories and Canadian history front and centre in our country 's universities and theatres , the company launched its first production in August 1975 .   The group has its origins in a season of Canadian theatre produced by the Sock 'n' Buskin Theatre Company at Carleton University . From Carleton , the company moved to a converted firehall in Ottawa South ( presently the Ottawa South Community Centre ) and then , in 1982 , to the Gladstone Theatre on Gladstone Avenue . In September 2007 the company moved into a larger venue called the Irving Greenberg Theatre Centre   The Irving Greenberg Theatre Centre , which includes a 262-seat mainstage theatre , a flexible black box studio theatre , and two spacious lobbies , has allowed GCTC to expand its community-based activities . More than 35,000 people visit the Irving Greenberg Theatre Centre every year to see productions by GCTC and other live performing arts companies , for concerts such as the Acoustic Waves music series , to visit the Lorraine Fritzi Yale Art Gallery , rent the facility , or to enjoy local homemade fare at the Viva Loca Café .   The September 2007 issue of ( Cult ) ure Magazine described the GCTC as `` Ottawa 's pre-eminent promoter of Canadian theatrical content . ''   Among playwrights whose works have been performed by the company are :  Jean-Marc Dalpé  David French  Linda Griffiths  Wendy Lill  Ann-Marie MacDonald  Arthur Milner  Morris Panych  Judith Thompson  Michel Tremblay  George F. Walker

neg: Ottawa, Illinois Ottawa is a city located at the confluence of the navigable Illinois River and Fox River in LaSalle County , Illinois , United States . The Illinois River is a conduit for river barges and connects Lake Michigan at Chicago , to the Mississippi River , and North America 's 25,000 mile river system . The population estimate was 18,562 as of 2013 . It is the county seat of LaSalle County and it is part of the Ottawa-Peru , IL Micropolitan Statistical Area .

neg: Outaouais Outaouais ( -LSB- utawɛ -RSB- ) ; ( -LSB- uːtəweɪ -RSB- ; also commonly called The Outaouais ) is a region of western Quebec , Canada . It includes the city of Gatineau ( Hull , Aylmer , Gatineau , Masson-Angers , Buckingham ) , the Pontiac region , and the town of Maniwaki , and is located on the north side of the Ottawa River opposite Canada 's capital , Ottawa . It has a land area of 30,760.05 km2 and a 2011 census population of 372,000 inhabitants .


query: Pamela Anderson is a Playboy model.

pos: Pamela Anderson Pamela Denise Anderson ( born July 1 , 1967 ) is a Canadian American actress and model known for her roles on the television series Home Improvement , Baywatch and V.I.P. . She was Playmate of the Month for Playboy magazine in February 1990 . Anderson was inducted into Canada 's Walk of Fame in 2006 .   Anderson is an activist for the animal rights movement and has conducted campaigns condemning the commercial fur industry and promoting veganism through the animal rights organization People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals ( PETA ) . For a time , she was known as Pamela Anderson Lee ( or Pamela Lee ) after marrying Mötley Crüe drummer Tommy Lee .

neg: Amateur pornography Amateur pornography is a category of pornography that features models , actors or non-professionals performing without pay , or actors for whom this material is not their only paid modeling work . Reality pornography is professionally made porn which seeks to emulate the style of amateur pornography . Amateur porn has been called one of the most profitable and long-lasting genres of pornography .

neg: Unsimulated sex Unsimulated sex is the presentation in a film of sex scenes where the actors engage in an actual sex act , and are not just miming or simulating the actions . At one time in the United States such scenes were restricted by law and self-imposed industry standards such as the Motion Picture Production Code . Films showing explicit sexual activity were confined to privately distributed underground films , such as stag films or `` porn loops '' . Beginning in the late 1960s , most notably with Blue Movie by Andy Warhol , mainstream cinemas began pushing boundaries in terms of what was presented on screen . Although the vast majority of sexual situations depicted in mainstream cinema are simulated ( in early pornography , the main actors engaged in simulated sex , with inserts placed in the film ) , on rare occasions actors engage in real sex . The difference between these films and pornography is that , while such scenes might be considered erotic , the intent of these films is not solely pornographic .   Notable examples include two of the eight Bedside-films and the six Zodiac-films from the 1970s , all of which were produced in Denmark and had many pornographic sex scenes , but were nevertheless considered mainstream films ( they all had mainstream casts and crews , and premiered in mainstream cinemas ) . The last of these films , Agent 69 Jensen i Skyttens tegn , was made in 1978 . From the end of the 1970s until the late 1990s it was rare to see hardcore scenes in mainstream cinema , but this changed with the success of Lars von Trier 's The Idiots ( 1998 ) , which heralded a wave of art-house films with explicit content , such as Romance ( 1999 ) , Baise-moi ( 2000 ) , Intimacy ( 2001 ) , Vincent Gallo 's The Brown Bunny ( 2003 ) , and Michael Winterbottom 's 9 Songs ( 2004 ) . Some simulated sex scenes are sufficiently realistic that critics mistakenly believe that they are real , such as the cunnilingus scene in the 2006 film Red Road .

neg: Bill Anderson (singer) James William Anderson III ( born November 1 , 1937 ) , known as Bill Anderson , is an American country music singer , songwriter and television personality . He has been a member in long standing of the weekly Grand Ole Opry radio program and stage performance in Nashville , Tennessee . He has released more than 40 studio albums and has reached No. 1 on the country charts seven times : `` Mama Sang a Song '' ( 1962 ) , `` Still '' ( 1963 ) , `` I Get the Fever '' ( 1966 ) , `` For Loving You '' ( with Jan Howard , 1967 ) , `` My Life ( Throw It Away If I Want To ) '' ( 1969 ) , `` World of Make Believe '' ( 1974 ) , and `` Sometimes '' ( with Mary Lou Turner , 1976 ) . Twenty-nine more of his singles have reached the top ten .   One of the most successful songwriters in country music history , Anderson is also a popular singer , earning the nickname `` Whisperin ' Bill '' for his soft vocal style and occasional spoken narrations . Artists who have recorded his material include Ray Price , Wanda Jackson , Connie Smith , Lynn Anderson , Jim Reeves , Conway Twitty , Eddy Arnold , Roy Clark , Con Hunley , Lefty Frizzell , Brad Paisley , Kenny Chesney , and George Strait .   Bill Anderson had his own television show in the 1960s . Anderson has made several television appearances , including two stints as a game show host : The Better Sex ( with co-host Sarah Purcell ) in 1977 , and the country music-themed quiz show Fandango ( 1983 -- 1989 ) on The Nashville Network . He has also hosted an interview show called Opry Backstage and was a producer of a talent show called You Can Be a Star , hosted by fellow Opry member Jim Ed Brown , both shows on the former Nashville Network , and has made guest appearances on several other television series .

neg: Anna Nicole Smith Vickie Lynn Hogan professionally known as Anna Nicole Smith ( born November 28 , 1967 -- February 8 , 2007 ) was an American model , actress and television personality . Smith first gained popularity in Playboy , winning the title of 1993 Playmate of the Year . She modeled for fashion companies including Guess , H&M , Heatherette , and Lane Bryant .   Smith dropped out of high school and was married three years later in 1985 . Her highly publicized second marriage to J. Howard Marshall resulted in speculation that she married the octogenarian mainly for his money , which she denied . Following Marshall 's death , Smith began a lengthy legal battle over a share of his estate . Her case , Marshall v. Marshall , reached the U.S. Supreme Court on a question of federal jurisdiction , and again on a question of bankruptcy court authority ( now called Stern v. Marshall ) .   Smith died on February 8 , 2007 , in a Hollywood , Florida , hotel room as a result of an overdose of prescription drugs . During the final six months of her life , Smith was the focus of renewed press coverage surrounding the death of her son , Daniel , and the paternity and custody battle over her newborn daughter , Dannielynn .

neg: Playboy After Dark Playboy After Dark is an American television show hosted by Hugh Hefner . It aired in syndication through Screen Gems from 1969 to 1970 and was taped at CBS Television City in Los Angeles .

neg: Cara Zavaleta Cara Zavaleta ( born June 15 , 1980 in Bowling Green , Ohio ) is an American model and actress , known for her appearances on the MTV reality series Road Rules : South Pacific , and as the November 2004 Playboy Playmate .

neg: Hugh Hefner Hugh Marston Hefner ( born April 9 , 1926 ) is an American men 's lifestyle magazine publisher , businessman , and a well-known playboy . Hefner is a native of Chicago , Illinois and a former journalist for Esquire . He is best known for being the founder and chief creative officer of Playboy Enterprises . A self-made multi-millionaire , his net worth is over $ 43 million due to his success as the founder of Playboy magazine . Hefner is also a political activist and philanthropist active in several causes and public issues . He is a World War II veteran .

neg: Jean Anderson (cookbook author) Jean Anderson ( Raleigh , North Carolina ) is an American cookbook author .   Anderson has a BS ( Food and Nutrition ) from Cornell University and a MS ( Journalism ) degree from Columbia University . Anderson is a member of the James Beard Cookbook Hall of Fame and a charter member of Les Dames d'Escoffier and the New York Women 's Culinary Alliance . She helped organize the James Beard Journalism Awards and for two years , co-chaired that committee . Though best known for her articles in Bon Appétit , Food & Wine , Gourmet , More , Travel + Leisure and other magazines , Anderson served as assistant food editor , then managing editor of The Ladies ' Home Journal , as contributing editor at Family Circle and Diversion magazines , as chief consulting editor for Reader 's Digest cookbooks , and as food columnist for New York Newsday and the Los Angeles Times Syndicate . An authority on Portugal , its food , wine , and folk art , Anderson has been traveling about that country for 40 years . Her Food of Portugal was named `` Best Foreign Cookbook '' in the 1986 Tastemaker Awards . Anderson 's food , travel , and general features have won various awards , among them , the Pulitzer Traveling Scholarship , the George Hedman Travel Writing Award , and two commendations from the Government of Portugal . Anderson divides her time between New York City and Chapel Hill , North Carolina .

neg: Annie Morton Annie Morton ( born October 8 , 1970 ) is an American model born in Pennsylvania . She has appeared on the covers of British Vogue , ID , Marie Claire , and other magazines . She has been photographed by Helmut Newton ; Peter Lindbergh ; Annie Leibovitz ; Richard Avedon ; Juergen Teller ; Paul Jasmin , Mary Ellen Mark and Terry Richardson , and modeled for Donna Karan , Givenchy , Guerlain , Chanel , Harper 's Bazaar , Sports Illustrated and Victoria 's Secret . A long time vegetarian , an advocate for organic lifestyle choices and natural healthcare . She co-founded Tsi-La Organics , a `` Green Luxury '' company that creates and sells vegan , organic perfume and skin care products .

neg: Jean Bell Jean Bell ( born Annie Lee Morgan on November 23 , 1944 in St. Louis , Missouri ) was one of the first of Playboy magazine 's African-American Playmates of the Month .

neg: Tom Kelley (photographer) Tom Kelley Sr. ( December 12 , 1914 -- January 8 , 1984 ) was an American photographer who photographed Hollywood celebrities in the 1940s and 1950s . He is best known for his iconic 1949 nude photographs of Marilyn Monroe , which were distributed widely as calendar art -- one of which was featured in the inaugural issue of Playboy magazine in 1953 .   Kelley was born in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . He learned photography as an apprentice in a New York photo studio , and then worked for the Associated Press and Town & Country magazine . After coming to California in 1935 , Kelley established a photography studio in Hollywood and produced promotional photographs of motion picture stars . David O. Selznick and Samuel Goldwyn retained Kelley to take promotional photos of their stars and starlets for magazine covers and advertising . Later , Kelley 's business shifted to commercial and advertising photography .   Some of Kelley 's most famous photo subjects have included Gary Cooper , Greta Garbo , James Cagney , Clark Gable , Winston Churchill , Bob Hope , Marlene Dietrich , Joan Crawford , Jack Benny , David Bowie , John F. Kennedy , Dwight D. Eisenhower , Franklin D. Roosevelt , Yma Sumac and , of course , Marilyn Monroe , with and without clothes . Tom Kelley had a way of making his subjects feel comfortable behind the camera . He would bring his wife with him to his shoots to create a more soothing and relaxed atmosphere .   Kelley served on the panel of judges at the Miss Universe 1952 and Miss Universe 1956 pageants . He appeared in the 1966 documentary film The Legend of Marilyn Monroe .

neg: Top Model Top Model or Next Top Model is a fashion-themed reality television show format produced in many countries throughout the world and seen in over 120 countries producing over 200 seasons ( referred to as `` cycles '' ) . The show takes the form of a modeling competition whose winners typically receive a contract with a major modeling agency and a cover shoot and fashion photo spread in a fashion magazine . The format was created by Tyra Banks for the original series , America 's Next Top Model which was first aired in 2003 , produced by Ken Mok 's 10 by 10 Entertainment .

neg: List of Playboy Playmates of 1956 __ NOTOC __  The following is a list of Playboy Playmates of 1956 . Playboy magazine names its Playmate of the Month each month throughout the year .

neg: Renee Tenison Reneé Tenison ( born December 2 , 1968 ) is an American model , actress , and the first African-American selected to be the Playboy Playmate of the Year ( 1990 ) .

neg: Stacy Sanches Stacy Elizabeth Sanches , also known as Stacy Sanchez ( born September 4 , 1973 ) , is an American model and actress . She was Playboy 's Playmate of the Month for March 1995 and Playboy 's Playmate of the Year for 1996 . In June 1996 , she was chosen Playmate of the Month for the German edition of Playboy .

neg: DeDe Lind DeDe Lind ( born Diane Lind is an American glamour model famous for her appearance in Playboy magazine as the Playmate of the Month for August 1967 .

neg: Anderson (automobile) The Anderson was a United States automobile ; considered the most successful automobile ever built in the Southern United States , it was manufactured by a carriage works from 1916 to 1925 in Rock Hill , South Carolina . Started by John Gary Anderson , the company sold cars through a national dealer network . The company used Continental 7R flat six engines in its vehicles , which were noted for their attractive body styles and color combinations . Andersons were the first cars to be built with headlight foot dimmers and powered convertible tops . Production reached nearly 2,000 units in 1923 and in all 7,000 vehicles were produced during the life of the company .   There are a number of reasons why the Anderson Automobile Co. faltered . According to Edward Lee , who wrote the 2007 book John Gary Anderson and His Maverick Motor Company : The Rise and Fall of Henry Ford 's Rock Hill Rival , the vehicle suffered from a defective engine . Anderson bought most of the components from other manufacturers . During the later years of production , Anderson used a Continental engine with an aluminum head and it warped at high temperatures .   Price was also an issue , Lee believes . Model T Fords were selling for as low as $ 290 the 1920s making the cars affordable to the majority of Americans . Andersons cost about $ 1,650 for a five-passenger touring car and $ 2,550 for a sedan . Anderson 's slogan was a prophetic `` A little Higher in Price but made in Dixie . ''   In addition , by the early 1920s , the economy of South Carolina and other Southern states was already in the tank , well ahead of the Great Depression , because of plummeting cotton prices following World War I.   Today , there are just 13 remaining examples of Anderson vehicles in existence . Of those Anderson cars known to exist , four are owned by the Anderson family , one is at the S.C. State Museum in Columbia and one is in the possession of the Museum of York County , where Rock Hill is located .

neg: Playboy Club (disambiguation) Playboy Club may refer to :  Playboy Club , a chain of nightclubs operated by Playboy Enterprises between 1960 and 1991  Playboy Club ( Las Vegas ) , a revival of the chain at the Palms Casino Resort  The Playboy Club , an American television series broadcast on NBC

neg: Sexual field A sexual field is an arena of social life whereby individuals seek intimate partners and vie for sexual status . Sexual fields emerge `` when a subset of actors with potential romantic or sexual interest orient themselves toward one another according to a logic of desirability imminent to their collective relations and -LSB- wherein -RSB- this logic produces , to greater and lesser degrees , a system of stratification '' ( Green 2014:27 ) . The term builds on Pierre Bourdieu 's ( 1980 ) concept of field and has been defined as a `` set of interlocking institutions '' ( Martin and George 2006 ) and an `` institutionalized matrix of relations '' ( Green 2005 , 2008 , 2011 ) that confers status upon sexual actors based on individual variation in sexual capital . Relative to those with a sexual capital deficit , actors in possession of sexual capital reap the rewards of the sexual field -- including the ability to select desired sexual partners and the acquisition of social significance .   Sexual fields are themselves distinguished by distinct `` currencies of erotic capital '' ( Green 2005 , 2008 ) , the latter which are quite variable , acquiring dominance in relation to the collective preferences of players . For example , Green ( 2005 , 2008 ) argues that the characteristics which confer sexual capital in one field may not in another . Thus , in a gay leather bar , a bearded , stocky white man in his late-thirties dressed in Levi 's jeans and a leather jacket will possess an optimal form of sexual capital , whereas the same man in a swanky Martini bar catering to a twenty-something , high-fashion , urban gay customer base will face a sexual capital deficit . This variation in power and status occurs because a gay leather bar and a gay Martini bar are physical sites organized by the logic of two distinct sexual fields with contrasting currencies of sexual capital ( Green 2005 , 2008 ) -- i.e. , distinct `` hegemonic systems of judgment '' ( Martin and George 2006 ) .   For sociological theory , the study of the sexual field in the sexual fields framework offers a framework for analyzing how collective attributions of desire and desirability are shaped by the sexual field itself . That is , rather than see desire and desirability as a simple function of individual wants and judgments , the sexual fields framework suggests that such wants and judgments are the consequence of sexual social life . In this approach , the sexual field acts back on what we find desirable such that desires and desirability are regarded as field effects ( Green 2014 ) .   To the extent that sexual stratification is related to but not isomorphic with the structure of alternative fields , so the study of sexual fields can not be subsumed to the study of an economic or political field , for example . Nevertheless , to the extent that race , class , gender , ethnicity , age and ability , among others , are organizing features of sexual status within a given sexual field , so the relationship of sexual fields to broader historical systems of stratification requires consideration ( Green 2005 , 2008 , 2011 . 2014 ) .

neg: Pamella Bordes Pamela Chaudry Singh ( born 1961 in New Delhi , India ) , known for some years as Pamella Bordes , is an Indian-born photographer and former Miss India who briefly hit the headlines in the United Kingdom in 1988 and 1989 as the call girl of several public figures , including the editors of two upmarket Sunday newspapers . She has pursued a career as a professional photographer .


query: Ken Russell was involved with award-winning movies.

pos: Academy Awards The Academy Awards , now known officially as the Oscars , is a set of twenty-four awards for artistic and technical merit in the American film industry , given annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS ) , to recognize excellence in cinematic achievements as assessed by the Academy 's voting membership . The various category winners are awarded a copy of a golden statuette , officially called the `` Academy Award of Merit '' , which has become commonly known by its nickname `` Oscar '' . The awards , first presented in 1929 at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel , are overseen by AMPAS .   The awards ceremony was first broadcast on radio in 1930 and televised for the first time in 1953 . It is now seen live in more than 200 countries and can be streamed live online . The Academy Awards ceremony is the oldest worldwide entertainment awards ceremony . Its equivalents -- the Emmy Awards for television , the Tony Awards for theater , and the Grammy Awards for music and recording -- are modeled after the Academy Awards .   The 89th Academy Awards ceremony , honoring the best films of 2016 , were held on February 26 , 2017 , at the Dolby Theatre , in Los Angeles , California . The ceremony was hosted by Jimmy Kimmel and was broadcast on ABC . A total of 3,048 Oscars have been awarded from the inception of the award through the 88th .

pos: Ken Russell Henry Kenneth Alfred `` Ken '' Russell ( 3 July 1927 -- 27 November 2011 ) was an English film director , known for his pioneering work in television and film and for his flamboyant and controversial style . Critics have accused him of being obsessed with sexuality and the Roman Catholic Church . His films in the main were liberal adaptations of existing texts , or biographies , notably of composers of the Romantic era . Russell began directing for the BBC , where he made creative adaptations of composers ' lives which were unusual for the time . He also directed many feature films independently and for studios .   He is best known for his Oscar-winning films Women in Love ( 1969 ) , The Devils ( 1971 ) , The Who 's Tommy ( 1975 ) , and the science fiction film Altered States ( 1980 ) . Russell also directed several films based on the lives of classical music composers , such as Elgar , Delius , Tchaikovsky , Mahler , and Liszt .   Film critic Mark Kermode , speaking in 2006 , and attempting to sum up the director 's achievement , called Russell , `` somebody who proved that British cinema did n't have to be about kitchen-sink realism -- it could be every bit as flamboyant as Fellini . Later in his life he turned to making low-budget experimental films such as Lion 's Mouth and Revenge of the Elephant Man , and they are as edgy and ` out there ' as ever '' .   Ken Russell died of natural causes on 27 November 2011 at the age of 84 .

neg: Ken Loach Kenneth Charles `` Ken '' Loach ( born 17 June 1936 ) is an English director of television and independent film . He is known for his socially critical directing style and for his socialist ideals , which are evident in his film treatment of social issues such as poverty , homelessness ( Cathy Come Home , 1966 ) and labour rights ( Riff-Raff , 1991 , and The Navigators , 2001 ) .   Loach 's film Kes ( 1969 ) was voted the seventh greatest British film of the 20th century in a poll by the British Film Institute . Two of his films , The Wind That Shakes the Barley ( 2006 ) and I , Daniel Blake ( 2016 ) received the Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival , making him the ninth filmmaker to win the award twice .   Loach , a social campaigner for most of his career , believes the current criteria for claiming benefits in the UK are `` a Kafka-esque , Catch 22 situation designed to frustrate and humiliate the claimant to such an extent that they drop out of the system and stop pursuing their right to ask for support if necessary '' .

neg: Kenneth Kokin Kenneth Kokin has been a producer for many first time feature directors . He is also a sworn deputy in state of Georgia .   The debut feature film he produced for Bryan Singer , Public Access won the Sundance Grand Jury Prize . Ken Kokin and Singer developed a script with writer Christopher McQuarrie to produce the multi-Academy Award winning film The Usual Suspects which Kokin directed the substantial second-unit and co-produced . This achievement landed Kokin on the cover of Fade In Magazine as one of `` The 100 People to Know in Hollywood '' .   Kokin spent the next several years dividing his time between working with new film makers and developing a screenplay on the life of Alexander the Great , written with Peter Buchman and McQuarrie , for Martin Scorsese and Leonardo DiCaprio . ( Scorsese and DiCaprio chose to do The Aviator first , making way for Oliver Stone to produce his version of Alexander . )   Next , he produced and directed second-unit on McQuarrie 's directorial first feature , The Way of the Gun starring Juliette Lewis , Ryan Phillippe , James Caan and Oscar winner Benicio del Toro .   The 2008 Sundance Film Festival marks Kenneth Kokin 's next statements in cinema with Captain Abu Raed the Audience Award Winner in festival 's World Dramatic Competition . This is not only the first independent film produced in Kingdom of Jordan but it 's the fist feature film from recent AFI graduate Amin Matalqa . 2008 is also the year where For Tomorrow the documentary that Kokin produced and directed in Argentina which was an official selection for the Tribeca Film Festival and the Newport Beach Film Festival where he won the Humanitarian Vision Award . This groundbreaking documentary premiered in 10 film festivals and won many other awards and created awareness about cause of Toms shoes assisting the company in achieve recognition as the fastest growing shoe company in the world .   Kenneth Kokin 's dedication to directing started at 14 when he started making his own films with a borrowed Super-8 camera . In high school , he directed several claymation , live action shorts and documentaries on 16mm . His most ambitious teenage endeavor was a re-creation of the Civil War Battle of Bull Run where he combined animated clay figures and actors to win the Newbridge Reel Award for Best Picture .   Upon graduating from University of Southern California Cinema , Kokin joined the Editor 's Guild and worked at both NBC and Amblin Entertainment . CBS hired Kokin to shoot , edit and direct the behind the scenes for the longest-running annual special , Circus of the Stars where he worked with lions , tigers , motorcycle , stunts , high-wire and trapeze acts . Having a passion for all elements of filmmaking from pre-production through production and post-production , Kokin chose producing and directing because they are the only jobs where he has the opportunity to participate in all areas of the process .   Recently , Kokin has produced a Chinese-America co-production in Chengdu , China starring John Robinson http://www.imdb.com/name/nm1440281/ and Xiaolu Li http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0523735/ .   Back in two thousand and eight , he traveled South America , Haiti and Africa directing documentaries about the pandemic of poverty and HIV facing children in those regions .   Staying true to his roots in the crime genre Kenneth Kokin wrote the feature about the famous mobster , James `` Whitey '' Bulger . The Los Angeles Time piece June 26 , 2012 quoted Kokin to say , `` Finding out that Whitey Bulger was living in Santa Monica just three blocks away from me was a little like looking frantically for your sunglasses only to find out they were on your head the whole time . ''   Kokin 's passion for documentaries continues as he is currently working on a feature about sea mammals as well as working as a producer in reality television .    link title   http://about.me/kenkokin

neg: Black Reel Awards The Black Reel Awards , or `` BRAs '' , is an annual American awards ceremony hosted by the Foundation for the Augmentation of African-Americans in Film ( FAAAF ) to recognize excellence in African-American , as well as those of African diaspora 's cinematic achievements in the around the world film industry as assessed by the Academy 's voting membership . The various category winners are awarded a copy of a statuette , officially called the Black Reel Award . The awards , first presented in 2000 in Washington , DC , are overseen by FAAAF .   The awards ceremony was initially awarded online their first two years before the first live show in 2002 . The awards have broadcast to radio since 2014 . Currently , the Black Reel Awards is the oldest cinema-exclusive awards ceremony for African-Americans .   The 16th Annual Black Reel Awards ceremony was held on February 18 , 2016 . A total of 315 Black Reel Awards have been presented since the inception of the award through the 16th .

neg: Indestructible Man Indestructible Man is a 1956 American crime horror science fiction film , an original screenplay by Vy Russell and Sue Dwiggins for producer-director Jack Pollexfen and starring Lon Chaney , Jr. , Ross Elliott and Robert Shayne .   The picture was produced independently by C.G.K. Productions , and distributed in the United States by Allied Artists Pictures Corporation . The film was distributed theatrically in 1956 on a double bill with World Without End '' .

neg: Twentieth Century (film) Twentieth Century is a 1934 American pre-Code screwball comedy film . Much of the film is set on the 20th Century Limited train as it travels from Chicago to New York City . The film was directed by Howard Hawks , stars John Barrymore and Carole Lombard , and features Walter Connolly , Roscoe Karns and Edgar Kennedy . Ben Hecht and Charles MacArthur adapted their Broadway play of the same name -- itself based on the unproduced play Napoleon of Broadway by Charles Bruce Millholland -- with uncredited contributions from Gene Fowler and Preston Sturges .   Along with Frank Capra 's It Happened One Night , also released in 1934 ( which amazingly has exactly the same music over the opening titles ) , Twentieth Century is considered to be a prototype for the screwball comedy . `` Howard Hawks ' rapid-fire romantic comedy established the essential ingredients of the screwball -- a dizzy dame , a charming but befuddled hero , dazzling dialogue and a dash of slapstick . '' Its success propelled Lombard into the front ranks of film comediennes . The film was added to the National Film Registry of the Library of Congress in 2011 .

neg: Robert Russell (English actor) Robert Russell ( 24 May 1936 -- 12 May 2008 ) was an English actor known for a memorable supporting role as John Stearne alongside Vincent Price in the classic British horror film Witchfinder General ( 1968 ) .   He was born in Kent , England . His family emigrated to South Africa for 9 years when he was aged 11 . He worked in a gold mine after leaving school . He returned to England and trained as an actor at the Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art . He then appeared on stage with stars such as Laurence Olivier and Michael Gambon , as a member of the National Theatre touring company .   He made numerous appearances on UK television , often playing tough characters and villains due to his imposing stature , including The Avengers , The Sweeney , Space : 1999 , Blake 's 7 and Doctor Who , playing a guard in the serial entitled The Power of the Daleks and a Highland Games Champion , The Caber , in Terror of the Zygons . Some of his other film appearances included Othello ( 1965 ) , The Whisperers ( 1967 ) , Bedazzled ( 1967 ) with Peter Cook and Dudley Moore , Inspector Clouseau ( 1968 ) , The Breaking of Bumbo ( 1970 ) , Man in the Wilderness ( 1971 ) with Richard Harris , Sitting Target ( 1972 ) , Double Exposure ( 1977 ) , Queen of the Blues ( 1979 ) starring Mary Millington , Ivanhoe ( 1982 ) , Oliver Twist ( 1982 ) , and the TV film of The Sign of Four ( 1983 ) .   He lived for the last 14 years of his life in Maidenhead , Berkshire and died there of a heart attack at his home aged 71 .   * Note : This is from a Public Member Trees search on Ancestry , where the date of death is oddly given as 18 May 2008 ( see discussion ) .

neg: List of films based on magazine articles This is a list of films based on non-fiction articles published in periodicals such as magazines or newspapers . See also List of films based on short fiction .  Adaptation . - `` The Orchid Thief '' , The New Yorker , January 23 , 1995 - Susan Orlean  Almost Famous - `` The Allman Brothers Story '' , Rolling Stone , December 6 , 1973 - Cameron Crowe  American Gangster - `` The Return of Superfly '' , New York , August 14 , 2000 - Mark Jacobson  Argo - `` How the CIA Used a Fake Sci-Fi Flick to Rescue Americans From Tehran '' , Wired , April 2007 Joshuah Bearman  Bigger Than Life - `` Ten Feet Tall '' , The New Yorker , September 10 , 1955 - Berton Roueche  Biker Boyz - `` Biker Boyz '' , New Times Los Angeles , April 2000 , Michael Gougis  The Bling Ring - `` The Suspects Wore Louboutins '' , Vanity Fair , March 2010 - Nancy Jo Sales  Blue Crush - `` Life 's Swell '' , Women Outside , September 1998 - Susan Orlean  Boogie Nights - `` The Devil and John Holmes '' , Rolling Stone , May 1989 - Mike Sager  City by the Sea - `` Mark of a Murderer '' , Esquire , September 1997 - Michael McAlary  Coyote Ugly - `` The Muse of the Coyote Ugly Saloon '' , GQ , March 1997 - Elizabeth Gilbert  Dog Day Afternoon - `` The Boys in the Bank '' , Life , September 22 , 1972 - P. F. Kluge  The Fast and the Furious - `` Racer X '' , Vibe , May 1998 - Ken Li  Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas - `` Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas '' , Rolling Stone , November 11 & November 25 , 1971 - Hunter S. Thompson  In Cold Blood - `` In Cold Blood : The Last to See Them Alive '' ' The New Yorker , September 25 , 1965 - Truman Capote  The Insider - `` The Man Who Knew Too Much '' , Vanity Fair , May 1996 - Marie Brenner  Into the Wild - `` Death of an Innocent '' , Outside , January 1993 - Jon Krakauer  The Killing Fields - `` The Death and Life of Dith Pran '' , The New York Times Magazine , January 20 , 1980 - Sydney Schanberg  Ladybug Ladybug - `` They Thought the War Was On '' , McCall 's , April 1963 - Lois Dickert  Live Free or Die Hard - `` A Farewell to Arms '' , Wired , May 1997 - John Carlin  Perfect -- Series of articles in Rolling Stone - Aaron Latham  Proof of Life - `` Adventures in the Ransom Trade '' Vanity Fair , May 1998 - William Prochnau  Pushing Tin - `` Something 's Got to Give '' , The New York Times Magazine , March 24 , 1996 - Darcy Frey  Radio - `` Someone to Lean On '' , Sports Illustrated , December 16 , 1996 - Gary Smith  Saturday Night Fever - `` Tribal Rites of the New Saturday Night '' , New York , June 7 , 1976 - Nik Cohn  Shattered Glass - Vanity Fair , September 1998 - Buzz Bissinger  Top Gun - `` Top Guns '' , California , May 1983 - Ehud Yonay  Urban Cowboy - `` The Ballad of the Urban Cowboy : America 's Search for True Grit '' , Esquire , September 12 , 1978 - Aaron Latham  `` War Dogs ( 2016 film ) '' - `` The Stoner Arms Dealers : How Two American Kids Became Big-Time Weapons Traders '' , `` Rolling Stone '' , March 16 , 2011 - Guy Lawson

neg: Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film .   The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .

neg: Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards 2014 The 20th Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards honoring the best in film for 2014 were announced on December 15 , 2014 . These awards `` recognizing extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association ( DFWFCA ) , based in the Dallas -- Fort Worth metroplex region of Texas . The organization , founded in 1990 , includes 30 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications based in north Texas . The Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association began presenting its annual awards list in 1993 .   Birdman was the DFWFCA 's most awarded film of 2014 , taking five top honors . Birdman won in Best Picture , Best Actor ( Michael Keaton ) , Best Director ( Alejandro G. Iñárritu ) , Best Cinematography ( Emmanuel Lubezki ) , and Best Screenplay ( Alejandro G. Iñárritu , Nicolás Giacobone , Alexander Dinelaris Jr. , and Armando Bo ) .   Another film , Boyhood , earned multiple 2014 honors from the DFWFCA . The coming-of-age tale received top honors in the Best Supporting Actress ( Patricia Arquette ) as well as being presented the Russell Smith Award as the `` best low-budget or cutting-edge independent film '' of the year . The award is named in honor of late Dallas Morning News film critic Russell Smith . Reese Witherspoon was named Best Actress for her role as Cheryl Strayed in Wild . The other films earning honors were Sweden 's Force Majeure for Best Foreign Language Film , Citizenfour as Best Documentary Film , and The Lego Movie for Best Animated Film .

neg: Vintage Film Awards The Vintage Film Awards ( VFA ) are awards that recognize films released in previous decades with enduring popularity and continuing relevance in popular culture .

neg: Willis Kent Willis Kent ( 1878-1966 ) was an independent American film producer .   Willis Kent Productions was active from 1928-58 . Its films , about 40 in all , consisted mostly of low-budget westerns , many of which starred short-lived cowboy star and former football player Lafayette Russell ( aka Reb Russell ) , and cheap , sensationalist exploitation epics . The company 's first release , The Pace That Kills ( 1928 ) , was about innocent young teens being lured into the netherworld of cocaine addiction . Kent remade it , using the same title and same director , adapted with sound in 1935 . In some markets it was retitled as Cocaine Fiends , which is the title used on most VHS and DVD copies of the film .   For at least two releases in the mid - '30s Kent joined forces with Dorothy Davenport , who had forged her own career in early exploitation films following the death of her husband , the morphine-addicted star Wallace Reid .   Most of these films are now in the public domain .

neg: Russell Chatham Russell Chatham ( born October 27 , 1939 ) is a contemporary American landscape artist who spent most of his career living in Livingston , Montana . The artist is the grandson of landscape painter Gottardo Piazzoni , though he is essentially a self-taught artist . His work has been exhibited in over 400 one man shows and in museums and galleries over the last five decades . Notable art critic Robert Hughes is numbered one of Chatham 's collectors and there are others as diverse as Paul Allen and actor Jack Nicholson . Chatham 's work eschews the narrative tendency of much western art and presents landscapes that stand in intimate relationship towards the human figure even in the absence of it . In the early 1980s Chatham began making lithographs and now stands as one of the world 's foremost practitioners of that craft .   In addition to Lithography , Chatham also produces original oil paintings . His oil paintings currently sell for tens of thousands of dollars , and there is a multi-year waiting list for commissions , but according to his dealers , he prefers printing lithographs as the more challenging art form . ( Longtime Livingston residents can recall a time when early in his career Chatham traded his canvases for essential services in a barter arrangement . ) Despite being a print , Chatham 's lithographs have little to do with modern process lithography , which always starts from a photograph and typically only uses 4 colors . His art lithographs may have 30 or 40 different layers of color , all of which have to be hand drawn on to the printing plate , and the colors selected for the final effect . To see some of the early proofs of one of his prints is to see a study in vivid and unusual colors from which it is almost impossible to conceive of the final subtle shadings and quiet colors .   In addition to his work as a painter , Chatham has also published a series of short stories `` Dark Waters '' in which he details the exploits of his hunting friends , like the author Jim Harrison . The stories are Rabelaisian , vulgar , and exquisitely written ( one suspects with a little help from his literary friends ) . William Hjortsberg disputed this during a presentation in Livingston on 9/12/2008 . `` He is quite a good writer in his own right , '' Hjortsberg said . They center on hunting , fly fishing , food , wine and life changes.One story centers around preparing roast duck on an annual outing devoted solely to excess .   Many of Chatham 's painted works have adorned the covers of Harrison 's works .   In 2011 , Chatham moved from Livingston back to California . He has a studio in Marshall , California .

neg: 78th Academy Awards The 78th Academy Awards ceremony , presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS ) , took place on March 5 , 2006 , at the Kodak Theatre in Hollywood , Los Angeles beginning at 5:00 p.m. PST / 8:00 p.m. EST. . The ceremony was scheduled one week later than usual to avoid conflicting with the 2006 Winter Olympics . During the ceremony , AMPAS presented Academy Awards ( commonly referred to as Oscars ) in 24 categories honoring films released in 2005 . The ceremony , televised in the United States by ABC , was produced by Gil Cates and directed by Louis J. Horvitz . Actor Jon Stewart hosted the show for the first time . Two weeks earlier in a ceremony at The Beverly Hilton in Beverly Hills , California held on February 18 , the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Rachel McAdams .   Crash won three awards including Academy Award for Best Picture . Other winners included Brokeback Mountain , King Kong , and Memoirs of a Geisha also with three awards apiece , and Capote , The Chronicles of Narnia : The Lion , the Witch and the Wardrobe , The Constant Gardener , Hustle and Flow , March of the Penguins , The Moon and the Son : An Imagined Conversation , A Note of Triumph : The Golden Age of Norman Corwin , Six Shooter , Syriana , Tsotsi , Walk the Line , and Wallace & Gromit : The Curse of the Were-Rabbit with one each . The telecast garnered nearly 39 million viewers in the United States .

neg: 25th Academy Awards The 25th Academy Awards ceremony was held on March 19 , 1953 . It took place at the RKO Pantages Theatre in Hollywood , California , and the NBC International Theatre in New York City .   It was the first Academy Awards ceremony to be televised , and the first ceremony to be held in Hollywood and New York City simultaneously . It was also the only year that the New York ceremonies were to be held in the NBC International Theatre on Columbus Circle , which was shortly thereafter demolished and replaced by the New York Coliseum convention center .   A major upset occurred in the category of Best Picture . The heavily favored High Noon lost to Cecil B. DeMille 's The Greatest Show on Earth , eventually considered among the worst films to have won the Academy Award for Best Picture . The American film magazine Premiere placed the movie on its list of the 10 worst Oscar winners and the British film magazine Empire rated it # 3 on their list of the 10 worst Oscar winners . It has the lowest spot on Rotten Tomatoes ' list of the 81 films to win Best Picture . Of all the films nominated for the Oscar this year , only High Noon and Singin ' in the Rain would show up 46 years later on the American Film Institute list of the greatest American films of the 20th Century . For a film that only received two nominations , Singin ' in the Rain went on to be named as the greatest American musical film of all time and in the 2007 American Film Institute updated list as the fifth greatest American film of all time , while High Noon was ranked twenty-seventh on the same 2007 list , as well .   The Bad and the Beautiful won five awards , the most wins ever for a film not nominated for Best Picture . It was also the second Academy Awards in which a film not nominated for Best Picture received the most awards of the evening , excluding years where there were ties for the most wins . The only other film to do this was The Thief of Bagdad at the 13th Academy Awards ; as of the 87th Academy Awards , it has not happened since .   Until Spotlight won only Best Picture and Best Original Screenplay at the 88th Academy Awards , this was the last year in which the Best Picture winner won just two Oscars . It was also the second of three years to date in which two films not nominated for Best Picture received more nominations than the winner ( The Bad and the Beautiful and Hans Christian Andersen , both with six ) . This occurred again at the 79th Academy Awards .   Shirley Booth also became the last person to win an Oscar in a Leading Role to be born in the 19th century . She also holds the distinction of being the first woman in her 50s to win the award , at the age of 54 ( the second woman in her 50s to win , Julianne Moore , was 54 when awarded at the 87th Academy Awards ) .   John Ford 's fourth win for Best Director set a record for the most wins in this category that remains unmatched to this day .   For the first time since the introduction of Supporting Actor and Actress awards in 1936 , Best Picture , Best Director , and all four acting Oscars went to six different films . This has happened only three times since , at the 29th Academy Awards for 1956 , the 78th for 2005 , and the 85th for 2012 .

neg: Rough Magic Rough Magic is a 1995 comedy film directed by Clare Peploe , starring Bridget Fonda and Russell Crowe . It was based on a novel by James Hadley Chase called Miss Shumway Waves a Wand , with the screenplay written by Robert Mundi , William Brookfield , and Clare Peploe .

neg: Too Outrageous! Too Outrageous ! is a 1987 Canadian comedy film . Directed and written by Richard Benner , the film is based on a story by Margaret Gibson . The film stars Craig Russell as Robin Turner , a drag queen .

neg: Russell House (Ottawa) The Russell House hotel was the most high-profile hotel in Ottawa , Canada for many decades .

neg: Russell Payne (author) Russell Payne is an English writer and artist , author of humour , science fiction and fantasy short stories and novels , weblogs , graphic novels , comics , and films . His notable works include Morris Telford - A Salopian Odyssey weblog for the BBC and subsequent novel , Marlowe Bidforth 's Backpack Adventure , and the Prism award-winning American Spoon Indigo . He collaborated with screenwriter Philip Railsback on a number of screenplays . Famous in writing circles for using a staggering number of pseudonyms , he argues that this helps keep his work fresh , ensures the writing stands on its own merit rather than his reputation and `` irritates my publicist so much that it 's become a self-destructive habit I ca n't give up '' . He is also the co-founder along with Darrell Till of the media production company Tiny Lapel .   The music video `` Sell Out Story '' for the band `` The Ohms '' was animated and directed by him as a favour for a friend and went on to win the `` 2004 Mill Award for new media Animation '' .   He has recently been appearing at comicbook conventions in the UK giving talks on Jack Kirby and representing the Jack Kirby Museum .   His digital artwork was used in December 2014 as part of the ` On Creating Reality , by Andy Kaufman ' exhibition at the London Frieze .

neg: A Woman of Distinction A Woman of Distinction is a 1950 romantic comedy film directed by Edward Buzzell . It stars Rosalind Russell and Ray Milland .

neg: Reds (film) Reds is a 1981 American epic drama film co-written , produced and directed by Warren Beatty . The picture centers on the life and career of John Reed , the journalist and writer who chronicled the Russian Revolution in his book Ten Days That Shook the World . Beatty stars in the lead role alongside Diane Keaton as Louise Bryant and Jack Nicholson as Eugene O'Neill .   The supporting cast includes Edward Herrmann , Jerzy Kosinski , Paul Sorvino , Maureen Stapleton , Gene Hackman , Ramon Bieri , Nicolas Coster and M. Emmet Walsh . The film also features , as `` witnesses , '' interviews with the 98-year-old radical educator and peace activist Scott Nearing , author Dorothy Frooks , reporter and author George Seldes , civil liberties advocate Roger Baldwin , and the American writer Henry Miller , among others .   Beatty was awarded the Academy Award for Best Director and the film was nominated for Best Picture , but lost to Chariots of Fire . Beatty , Keaton , Nicholson and Stapleton were nominated for Best Actor , Best Actress , Best Supporting Actor and Best Supporting Actress , respectively . Stapleton was the only one of the four to win . Beatty was also nominated , along with co-writer Trevor Griffiths , for Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay , but lost to Chariots of Fire . Beatty became the third person to be nominated for Academy Awards in the categories Best Actor , Director and Original Screenplay for a film nominated for Best Picture .   In June 2008 , the American Film Institute revealed its `` Ten Top Ten '' -- the best ten films in ten `` classic '' American film genres -- after polling over 1,500 people from the creative community . Reds was acknowledged as the ninth best film in the epic genre .