query: Lemon Sky ran Off-Broadway, the New York theater.

pos: Off-Broadway An Off-Broadway theatre is a professional venue in New York City with a seating capacity between 100 and 499 . These theatres are smaller than Broadway theatres , but generally larger than Off-Off-Broadway theatres , which seat less than 100 .   An `` Off-Broadway production '' is a production of a play , musical or revue that appears in such a venue and adheres to related trade union and other contracts . Shows that premiere Off-Broadway are sometimes subsequently produced on Broadway .

pos: Lemon Sky Lemon Sky is a play by Lanford Wilson which ran Off-Broadway in 1970 .

neg: Soul Doctor Soul Doctor - Journey of a Rockstar Rabbi is a Broadway musical that details the life of Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach , with music and lyrics by Shlomo Carlebach and David Schechter , and book and direction by Daniel Wise . The Soul Doctor show debuted at Le Petit Theatre du Vieux Carre in New Orleans , and had subsequent runs at The Colony Theater in Miami , The Parker Playhouse in Ft Lauderdale , and The New York Theatre Workshop in New York City . The Broadway production started previews on July 2013 with its official opening night taking place August 15 , 2013 at Broadway 's Circle in the Square Theatre .

neg: Harlem Renaissance theater companies A number of theatre companies are associated with the Harlem Renaissance .

neg: Symphony Space Symphony Space , founded by Isaiah Sheffer and Allan Miller , is a multi-disciplinary performing arts organization at 2537 Broadway on the Upper West Side of Manhattan . Performances take place in the 760-seat Peter Jay Sharp Theatre or the 160-seat Leonard Nimoy Thalia . Programs include music , dance , theater , film , and literary readings . In addition , Symphony Space provides literacy programs and the Curriculum Arts Project , which integrates performing arts into social studies curricula in New York City Public Schools .   Symphony Space traces its beginnings to a free marathon concert , Wall to Wall Bach , held on January 9 , 1978 , organized by Isaiah Sheffer and Alan Miller . From 1978 to 2001 , the theater hosted all of the New York productions by the New York Gilbert and Sullivan Players .   As of 2010 , Symphony Space hosts 600 or more events annually , including an annual free music Wall to Wall marathon ; Bloomsday on Broadway ( celebrating James Joyce 's Ulysses ) ; and Selected Shorts , broadcast nationally over Public Radio International . The New York company of Revels , Inc. , also holds its shows there .

neg: Jack O'Diamonds Jack O'Diamonds is a musical play with music by Noel Gay and book and lyrics by Clifford Grey and H.F. Maltby . It opened at London 's Gaiety Theatre on 25 February 1935 .   The New York Times reported that it opened to good notices and that its American star , Zelma O'Neal `` scored a triumph '' . One critic said of her pairing with co-star Reginald Purdell : `` The spirit with which these two combine lends life and a touch of originality to the whole production '' .

neg: York Theatre York Theatre is an Off-Broadway theatre company base in East Midtown Manhattan , New York City . In its 48th year , York Theatre is dedicated to the production of new musicals and concert productions of forgotten musicals from the past . Each season consists of three or four mainstage productions , six or more concert presentations and dozens of developmental readings . It has had several transfers of its work to larger off-Broadway theatres and to Broadway . The company was awarded a special Drama Desk Award in 1996 to its artistic director Janet Hayes Walker and in 2006 for its `` vital contributions to theater by developing and presenting new musicals '' .   Since 1993 the company has performed in an intimate theatre that is part of St. Peter 's Church , in the Citigroup Center Complex at 619 Lexington Avenue at the corner of East 54th Street .   The Oscar Hammerstein Award  is named in honor of the legendary lyricist and librettist who helped shape American musical theatre through his collaborations with a number of different composers and writers . The award was created in 1988 by Janet Hayes Walker , the Founding Artistic Director of The York Theatre Company , and is presented with the endorsement of the Rodgers & Hammerstein Organization and the Hammerstein family . The Oscar Hammerstein Award Gala is the major annual fundraising event of The York , a mainstay of the Off-Broadway scene for more than 45 years .   Past recipients include Stephen Sondheim , Betty Comden & Adolph Green , Harold Prince , Cy Coleman , Charles Strouse , Arthur Laurents , Jerry Herman , Stephen Schwartz , Peter Stone , David Merrick , John Kander & Fred Ebb , Terrence McNally , Sir Cameron Mackintosh , Carol Channing , Tony Walton , Joseph Stein , Thomas Meehan , Jerry Bock and Sheldon Harnick , Barbara Cook , Paul Gemignani , Lynn Ahrens & Stephen Flaherty . In November , 2015 , the 24th Oscar Hammerstein Award was presented to Angela Lansbury in a star-studded tribute evening .

neg: The Whirl of New York The Whirl of New York is a Broadway musical that premiered at Winter Garden Theatre on June 13 , 1921 . It was an expanded and substantially re-worked version of The Belle of New York ( 1897 , music by Gustave Kerker with book and lyrics by Hugh Morton ) . The show was billed not as a revival but as `` founded on The Belle of New York . '' . The new version had music by Gustave Kerker , Al Goodman and Lew Pollack ; book and lyrics by Hugh Morton and Edgar Smith ; additional music by Leo Edwards ; and additional lyrics by Sidney D Mitchell , Cyrus Wood and Cliff Friend . It opened to favourable reviews and ran for 124 performances .

neg: Paradise Roof Garden Hammerstein 's Roof Garden ( 1899 -- 1915 ) was the official name the semi-outdoor vaudeville venue that theatre magnate , Oscar Hammerstein I , built atop the Victoria Theatre and the neighboring Theatre Republic , commonly known then as the Belasco Theatre . Unlike Hammerstein 's first roof garden theatre , which crowned his failed Olympia Theatre , the Paradise Roof Garden was able to rise to prominence and contend with its rivals for the better parts of two decades . For New York City theatre-goers , the name Hammerstein 's grew to encompass both the Victoria and its roof garden .  From 1904 to 1914 it was run by Willie Hammerstein , who put on highly popular vaudeville acts .

neg: It's a Hardbop Life It 's a Hardbop Life is the first Off-Broadway play to feature an entire cast of jazz musicians . The play , written by trombonist Gregory Charles Royal , was developed from Royal 's weekly engagement at Birdland in New York City called The Art Blakey Jazz Messenger Review during 2001 .   The play debuted at the New York JVC Jazz Festival in July , 2004 .

neg: Stage Right! Stage Right ! is a professional theatre company and performing arts school located in Greensburg , Pennsylvania . Established in 1998 as an organization for young people to take classes in musical theatre by Chris Rizk , Stage Right ! also became a professional theatre company in 1999 , established by artistic director Anthony Marino , Rizk 's brother . The company produces a full season of musicals , utilizing professional actors from the Pittsburgh theatre scene as well as students from their classes .   In spring 2013 , Stage Right moved its studio a few blocks to a larger space at 105 W Fourth Street , Greensburg .   The season is supplemented with many other opportunities to utilize the talents of the students , including an `` all-county musical '' featuring students from local high school theatre programs , children 's plays , summer camp productions , and Books Come Alive ! , a series of adaptations of children 's books performed at libraries throughout the area . The company is also notable for its annual production of The Rocky Horror Show every Halloween . Many of Stage Right ! 's students have had success in Pittsburgh Public Theater 's Shakespeare Monologue and Scene Contest , as well as going on to well-respected college theatre programs such as Carnegie Mellon University , Point Park University , New York University , Seton Hill University , Syracuse University , and Shenandoah University . Stage Right ! alums have also had success in professional theatre , working in such venues as York Theatre , Off the Wall Productions , Bricolage Production Company , Pittsburgh Irish and Classical Theatre , Prime Stage Theatre , Pittsburgh Civic Light Opera , Pittsburgh Musical Theater , St. Vincent Summer Theatre , City Theatre , Terra Nova Theatre Group , MCC Theater , and 12 Peers Theater , as well as having had their work featured in the Pittsburgh New Works Festival .

neg: At the Drop of Another Hat At the Drop of Another Hat is musical revue by Flanders and Swann , similar in format to its long-running predecessor , At the Drop of a Hat ( 1956 ) . In the show , they both sang on a nearly bare stage , accompanied by Swann on the piano . The songs were linked by contemporary social commentary , mostly by Flanders . Highlights included `` Ill Wind '' , in which Flanders sings rapidly about a pilfered horn to the tune of the Rondo from Mozart 's Horn Concerto No. 4 and `` New Built Up Area '' , a soliloquy by Flanders in which a disgruntled resident of Salisbury Plain complains of the newly erected Stonehenge .   The revue premiered at the Haymarket Theatre in London on 2 October 1963 and ran until 21 March 1964 . It was revived on the West End , at the Globe Theatre , from 29 September 1965 to 19 February 1966 .   The show toured widely , including tours in Australia ( 1964 ) , Hong Kong and England ( 1965 ) and in 1966 Canada and the US . A Broadway production played at the Booth Theatre from 31 December 1966 to 9 April 1967 .

neg: Angelo Parra Angelo Parra is an American playwright . He was born in Manhattan and grew up in the Bronx , New York City . After graduating from Fordham University , his career included work as a reporter/photographer , public relations professional , politician , free-lance writer , and PR and journalism teacher at New York University before turning to theatre in 1986 . His first produced play , Casino , was presented at T. Schreiber Studio , and won a 1989 New York Foundation for the Arts ( NYFA ) Fellowship in Playwriting and an Arts International grant ( sponsored by the National Endowment for the Arts , U.S. Information Agency , Rockefeller Foundation , and The Pew Charitable Trusts ) .   His work , The Devil 's Music : The Life and Blues of Bessie Smith , with music on the life of Bessie Smith , was named `` one of the top-10 Off-Broadway experiences of 2001 '' by the New York Daily News , `` Best Solo Show '' by Florida 's Broward/Palm Beach New Times , and won a second NYFA Playwriting Fellowship ( 2000 ) . The show , conceived by and originally directed by Joe Brancato and originally staged by Penguin Rep Theatre , Stony Point , NY , was invited to give six performances during the 2012 Montreal International Jazz Festival , making The Devil 's Music the first play ever presented in the music festival 's 30-year history !   Parra has production credits in New York , Los Angeles , Chicago , Washington , D.C. ; at Florida Stage ( Palm Beach ) , The Hartford Stage ( Hartford , Connecticut ) , Theatre Memphis , at the Cape Playhouse ( Cape Cod ) ; George Street Playhouse , Florida Rep , and , at the Edinburgh International Festival . Parra also is the author of Playwriting for Dummies , part of the popular international series of how-to books .   Among Parra 's other prize-winning plays is the hospital drama , `` Journey of the Heart '' , winner of the Jewel Box Theatre , Mixed Blood Theatre , and David James Ellis national play awards in 1998-99 . Also in 1998 , `` Song of the Coquí '' , his Hispanic family drama with humor and dance , won the Chicano/Latino Literary Award ( University of California , Irvine ) and an `` American Dream '' prize by Repertorio Español in New York City .   Parra is a member of the Dramatists Guild , member emeritus of the BMI Lehman Engel Musical Theater Workshop , and member of the Actors Studio Playwrights/Directors Unit . He was a Tennessee Williams Scholar at the 2000 Sewanee Writers Conference , teaches playwriting , performing arts , and English at SUNY Rockland Community College . In addition to his BA in Communication Arts at Fordham , he earned an MA in Political Science at the New School in New York , and MFA in Playwriting at Brooklyn College . He is currently president of the Penguin Rep Theatre Board of Trustees and director of the Hudson Valley Professional Playwright 's Lab .   Along with the children 's musical Percy T. Penguin Comes to America , Parra 's other plays include :  The Mnemonist  Canvases  The Price of Honor  Prickasaurus  The Slope  Warmflesch  A Waltz Without Turns  Midnight Kiss  What is it With Me ?

neg: Light Opera of Manhattan Light Opera of Manhattan , known as LOOM , was an Off-Broadway repertory theatre company that produced light operas , including the works of Gilbert and Sullivan and European and American operettas , 52 weeks per year , in New York City between 1968 and 1989 .   Founded by William Mount-Burke , LOOM 's first long-term home was in the Jan Hus theatre from the late 1960s to 1975 , where it succeeded another small light opera company , the American Savoyards . At the Jan Hus , LOOM performed predominantly the Savoy operas of Gilbert and Sullivan , such as The Pirates of Penzance , The Mikado and H.M.S. Pinafore . Led by conductor-director Mount-Burke , principal comedian Raymond Allen and choreographer/stage manager Jerry Gotham , the company mentored many young actors and singers who went on to careers on Broadway or elsewhere in theatre or music .   In 1975 , the company moved across the street to a legitimate Off-Broadway theatre , the Eastside Playhouse . There it expanded its repertoire beyond Gilbert and Sullivan to American and continental operettas , such as those of Victor Herbert , Rudolph Friml , Franz Lehár , Sigmund Romberg , Jacques Offenbach and Johann Strauss II . LOOM was often featured on WQXR radio .   By 1979 , diabetes had blinded William Mount-Burke , but he continued to conduct and even to direct new productions . The company remained strong until 1984 , when Mount-Burke died and the company 's playhouse was closed and subsequently demolished . After this , led by Allen and Gotham , with music director Todd Ellison , the company played in a series of theatres around New York that challenged its ability to keep its Upper East Side audience , and it was forced constantly to raise funds . In 1986 , the company closed , opening for its final seasons from 1987 to 1989 .

neg: Reprise Musical Repertory Theatre Reprise Musical Repertory Theatre is a series of four 12 '' long playing vinyl albums recorded in Los Angeles in 1963 . The four albums were sold through mail order as a box set in 1963 , then released separately to retail in 1964 . They were conceived and produced by Frank Sinatra . Morris Stoloff was the musical director and the A&R Director was Sonny Burke .   The four discs feature the scores of four popular Broadway musicals of the time , namely Finian 's Rainbow ( 1947 ) , Kiss Me , Kate ( 1948 ) , South Pacific ( 1949 ) and Guys and Dolls ( 1950 ) .   The `` Guys and Dolls '' album was issued on CD in 1992 when the musical itself was enjoying a revival . All the albums were re-released in a box set on September 26 , 2000 .

neg: The Seven Descents of Myrtle The Seven Descents of Myrtle is a play by Tennessee Williams . It originally began as a short story , which Williams then turned into a one-act play , and then later revised it into the seven-act play that is accepted today . Its title character is reminiscent of another Williams ' heroine , Blanche Dubois in A Streetcar Named Desire .   Originally titled Kingdom of Earth , the serio-comic play focuses on Lot , a tubercular neurotic youth who is an impotent transvestite overly attached to the memory of his late mother . He has returned to his ancestral home , a decaying house on the edge of a river on the verge of overflowing , with his new bride Myrtle , a sometime prostitute and former showgirl , the sole survivor of the Five Memphis Hot Shots . She dwells in a fantasy world of romantic illusions , one of which is to nurse Lot back to health so they can consummate their marriage , but soon discovers Lot only wants to use her to steal the deed to the property from his multiracial half-brother Chicken , who has lived on and farmed the property for years . Once he meets Myrtle , he gets some romantic designs of his own .   The Broadway production was produced by David Merrick and directed by José Quintero . After two previews , it opened on March 27 , 1968 , at the Ethel Barrymore Theatre and closed after 29 performances . It starred Brian Bedford as Lot , Harry Guardino as Chicken , and Estelle Parsons as Myrtle . She was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play .   In 1970 , the play was adapted to a feature film and released under the title Last of the Mobile Hot Shots ( aka `` Blood Kin '' ) .   A 1975 production in London , at the Greenwood Theatre , starring Marianne Faithfull as Myrtle , was cancelled after just three performances when Ms Faithfull fell ill with peritonitis .   In 1976 , the play had its West Coast premiere at The Pasadena Repertory Theatre located in The Hotel Carver in Pasadena , California . It starred Marie Peckinpah as Myrtle , Duane Waddell as Chicken , and Ed Harris as Lot . It featured a remarkable three story , rain-drenched set by Howard Whalen . The play was presented under Williams ' original title `` Kingdom of Earth '' and ran for approximately 24 weekend performances over three months . It was directed by Gill Dennis , with executive producer Duane Waddell , and produced by Kevin Cloud Brechner .   In 1991 , the play was produced in the UK at the Redgrave Theatre , Farnham starring Kit Hollerbach as Myrtle , Stephen Hattersley as Chicken and Marc Warren as Lot in a production directed by Bill Bankes-Jones . Stephen Hattersley won Best Actor 1991 in the TMA Awards for his performance in this production .   In 2011 it was revived at the Print Room in Notting Hill , under its alternative title Kingdom of Earth , directed by Lucy Bailey .   In 2012 , Tom Hiddleston did a reading of the short story version for the series Stories Before Bedtime at the Criterion-Theatre in the United Kingdom . This short story is a more erotic version written in the first person from the perspective of Chicken .

neg: Lyceum Theatre (Broadway) The Lyceum Theatre ( pronounced ly-CEE-um ) is a Broadway theatre located at 149 West 45th Street near Times Square between Seventh and Sixth Avenue in Midtown Manhattan , New York City .

neg: The Kitchen `` The Kitchen '' is a family of companies headquartered in Boulder , Colo. that work in tandem to pursue an America where everyone has access to Real Food .   The Kitchen is a non-profit , multi-disciplinary art and performance space located at 512 West 19th Street , between Tenth and Eleventh Avenues in the Chelsea neighborhood of Manhattan , New York City . It was founded in Greenwich Village in 1971 by Steina and Woody Vasulka , taking its name from the original location , the kitchen of the Mercer Arts Center , where artists working mostly in video showed their work . Although first intended as a location for the exhibition of video art , The Kitchen soon expanded its mission to include other forms of art , both plastic and performance . In 1974 , The Kitchen relocated to a building at the corner of Wooster and Broome Streets in SoHo , and incorporated as a not-for-profit arts organization . In 1987 it moved to its current location .   The first music director of The Kitchen was composer Rhys Chatham . The venue became known as a place where many No Wave bands like Glenn Branca , Lydia Lunch and James Chance performed . Notable Kitchen alumni also include Philip Glass , Laurie Anderson , Rocco Di Pietro , John Moran , Jay Scheib , Young Jean Lee 's Theater Company , Peter Greenaway , Michael Nyman , Steve Reich , Pauline Oliveros , Gordon Mumma , Frederic Rzewski , Ridge Theater , The Future Sound of London , Leisure Class , Elliott Sharp , Brian Eno , Arthur Russell , Meredith Monk , Arleen Schloss , Vito Acconci , Keshavan Maslak , Elaine Summers , Lucinda Childs , Bill T. Jones , David Byrne/Talking Heads , chameckilerner , John Jasperse , Bryce Dessner , Nico Muhly , ETHEL , Chris McIntyre , Sylvie Degiez , Wayne Lopes/CosmicLegends , and Cindy Sherman .   Today , The Kitchen focuses on presenting emerging artists , most of whom are local , and is committed to advancing work that is experimental in nature . Its facilities include a 155-seat black box performance space and a gallery space for audio and visual exhibitions . The Kitchen presents work in music , dance , performance , video , film , visual art , and literature .

neg: The Princess and the Butterfly The Princess and The Butterfly : or , The Fantastics is a comedy in five acts by Arthur Wing Pinero first produced at London 's St. James 's Theatre on March 25 , 1897 and in New York at the Lyceum Theatre on November 23 , 1897 . The New York version of The Princess and the Butterfly was somewhat abbreviated from the four-hour production that originally played in London .

neg: Cabin in the Sky (musical) Cabin in the Sky is a musical with music by Vernon Duke , book by Lynn Root , and lyrics by John Latouche . The musical opened on Broadway in 1940 . The show is described as a `` parable of Southern Negro Life with echoes of Ferenc Molnár 's Liliom ( which would be turned into the musical Carousel ) and Marc Connelly 's The Green Pastures . ''

neg: H. S. Kraft Hyman Solomon Kraft ( April 30 , 1899 -- July 29 , 1975 ) , aka Hy Kraft or H.S. Kraft , was an American screenwriter , playwright , and theatrical producer .   Among the notable comedy plays that he wrote were Ten Per Cent ( 1932 ) , Poppa ( 1929 ) , Cafe Crown ( 1942 ) , and Top Banana ( 1952 ) . In 1964 Cafe Crown was revised as a Broadway musical produced by Philip Rose and Swanlee with music by Albert Hague and lyrics by Marty Brill . The musical plot is set in the early 1930s in and around the Cafe Crown at the corner of Second Avenue and 12th Street in New York City . It had one Broadway revival in 1989 .   Hy Kraft 's 1954 musical play Top Banana was filmed for the screen and released as a movie in 1954 , starring Phil Silvers as a television comic trying to regain his ratings on TV . Feeling the show was a personal swipe at him , Milton Berle wrote of it , `` The only public attack I got any pleasure from was the one dreamed up by Hy Kraft and Johnny Mercer , and starring Phil Silvers . It was a big Broadway musical called Top Banana , in which Phil played an egomaniac named Jerry Biffle who had a top-rated television show and who directed his rehearsals with a whistle . It was a vicious and funny swipe at me , and I loved it so much , I offered to sue Hy Kraft for the publicity value . Anything to help . After all , I had put some money into the show . ''   In 1950 Hy Kraft was made part of the Hollywood blacklist by the House Committee on Un-American Activities , after remarks by Artie Shaw . His screenwriting credits include Stormy Weather ( 1943 ) with Lena Horne and short story credit for Smartest Girl In Town ( 1936 ) and Champaign Waltz ( 1937 ) , in the latter case collaborating with Billy Wilder . He also contributed writing ( uncredited ) to Mark of the Vampire ( 1935 ) with Lionel Barrymore and Bela Lugosi .   He wrote an autobiography , On My Way to the Theater , Macmillan , 1971 . The jacket reads , `` A lifetime 's stroll from New York 's Lower East Side to Broadway , with side trips to Hollywood , London , and Washington , D.C. , and singular associations with Victor Herbert , Theodore Dreiser , Sinclair Lewis , and the House Un-American Activities Committee . ''   In 1968 , he signed the `` Writers and Editors War Tax Protest '' pledge , vowing to refuse tax payments in protest against the Vietnam War .

neg: Theatre Guild The Theatre Guild is a theatrical society founded in New York City in 1918 by Lawrence Langner , Philip Moeller , Helen Westley and Theresa Helburn . Langner 's wife , Armina Marshall , then served as a co-director . It evolved out of the work of the Washington Square Players .   Its original purpose was to produce non-commercial works by American and foreign playwrights . It differed from other theaters at the time in that its board of directors shared the responsibility of choosing plays , management , and production . The Theatre Guild contributed greatly to the success of Broadway from the 1920s throughout the 1970s .   The Guild has produced a total of 228 plays on Broadway , including 18 by George Bernard Shaw and seven by Eugene O'Neill . Other major playwrights introduced to theatre-going Americans include Robert E. Sherwood , Maxwell Anderson , Sidney Howard , William Saroyan , and Philip Barry . In the field of musical theatre , the Guild has promoted works by Richard Rodgers , teamed with both Lorenz Hart and Oscar Hammerstein II , George and Ira Gershwin , Jule Styne , and Meredith Willson , all of which have become classics . Under President John F. Kennedy , the Guild was engaged to assemble a U.S. theatre company , headed by Helen Hayes , to tour the capitals of Europe and South America with works by Tennessee Williams , Thornton Wilder , and William Gibson .   In 1968 , the Guild became involved in the travel field by taking 25 of its subscribers to European capitals to see plays . In 1975 , it instituted its Theatre At Sea program with a 17-day cruise aboard the Rotterdam with Hayes and Cyril Ritchard . Since then they have hosted more than thirty cruises , each with seven or eight performers . Among them have been Alan Arkin , Zoe Caldwell , Anne Jackson , Cherry Jones , Richard Kiley , Eartha Kitt , Patricia Neal , Lynn Redgrave , Gena Rowlands , Jean Stapleton , Eli Wallach , and Lee Roy Reams , who served as the program 's resident director .   The last Broadway play produced by The Theatre Guild was State Fair in 1996 .


query: Grand Theft Auto clones are characterized by their likeness to the Legend of Zelda series.

pos: Grand Theft Auto clone Grand Theft Auto clone is a subgenre of open world action-adventure video games , characterized by their likeness to the Grand Theft Auto series in either gameplay , or overall design . These types of open world games are games in which players may find and use a variety of vehicles and weapons while roaming freely in an open world setting . The objective of such games is to complete a sequence of core missions involving driving and shooting , but often side-missions and minigames are added to improve replay value . The storylines of games in this subgenre typically have strong themes of crime and violence .   The subgenre has its origins in open-world action adventure games popularized in Europe ( and particularly the United Kingdom ) throughout the 1980s and 1990s . The release of Grand Theft Auto ( 1997 ) marked a major commercial success for open-ended game design in North America , and featured a more marketable crime theme . But it was the popularity of its 3D sequel Grand Theft Auto III in 2001 that led to the widespread propagation of a more specific set of gameplay conventions consistent with a subgenre . The subgenre now includes many games from different developers all over the world where the player can control wide ranges of vehicles and weapons . The subgenre has evolved with greater levels of environmental detail and more realistic behaviors .   As usage of the term `` clone '' often has a negative connotation , reviewers have come up with other names for the subgenre . Names such as `` sandbox games '' , however , are applied to a wider range of games that do not share key features of the Grand Theft Auto series .

neg: List of Final Fantasy media Final Fantasy is a series of role-playing video games developed and published by Square Enix ( formerly Square ) . Its first game premiered in Japan in 1987 , and Final Fantasy games have subsequently been localized for markets in North America , Europe and Australia , on nearly every video game console since its debut on the Nintendo Entertainment System . Final Fantasy is Square Enix 's most successful franchise , having sold over 97 million units worldwide to date . In addition to traditional role-playing games , the series includes tactical role-playing games , portable games , massively multiplayer online role-playing games , and games for mobile phones . Its popularity has placed it as the sixth-best-selling video game franchise , and the series has won multiple awards over the years .   In addition to the 15 games released as part of the main ( numbered ) series and their many spin-offs and related titles , the Final Fantasy series has spawned many works in other media including anime , movies , novels and manga , and radio dramas . Final Fantasy : Unlimited , originally a stand-alone anime series , now has its own sub-franchise which includes video games . Many games , particularly the main series , have soundtrack album releases featuring their music in different arrangements . Square Enix has also consistently released companion books for its games which provide additional backstory and plot information , as well as detailed walkthroughs for the game . Since the announcement of Compilation of Final Fantasy VII , Square Enix has focused on `` polymorphic content '' , expanding each game world with material on many video game platforms , as well as other forms of media .

neg: Pokémon (video game series) Pokémon is a series of video games developed by Game Freak and Creatures Inc. and published by Nintendo as part of the Pokémon media franchise . First released in 1996 in Japan for the Game Boy , the main series of role-playing video games ( RPGs ) has continued on each generation of Nintendo 's handhelds .   The games are commonly released in pairs -- each with slight variations -- with an enhanced remake of the games usually released a few years after the original versions . While the main series consists of role-playing games , spinoffs encompass other genres , such as action role-playing , puzzle , and digital pet games .   , more than 279 million Pokémon games have been sold worldwide , more than 200 million of which from the main series . This makes Pokémon the third best-selling video game franchise , behind Nintendo 's own Mario franchise and the Tetris series of block puzzle games . The franchise 's mascot is Pikachu .

neg: List of Pokémon The Pokémon franchise revolves around 802 eponymous fictional species of characters , each having unique designs and skills . The vast array of creatures is commonly divided into `` Generations '' , with each division encompassing new main series titles and a change of handheld platform . Generation I refers to Red , Green , Blue and Yellow ; Generation II refers to Gold , Silver , and Crystal ; Generation III refers to Ruby , Sapphire , and Emerald ; Generation IV refers to Diamond , Pearl , and Platinum ; Generation V refers to Black , White , Black 2 , and White 2 , Generation VI refers to X and Y ; and Generation VII refers to Sun and Moon . Each Generation is also marked by the addition of new Pokémon : 151 in Generation I , 100 in Generation II , 135 in Generation III , 107 in Generation IV , 156 in Generation V , 72 in Generation VI , and 81 in Generation VII .   Originally , all Pokémon were designed by Ken Sugimori , however , by 2013 a team of 20 artists worked together to create new species designs . Sugimori and Hironobu Yoshida lead the team and determine the final designs . Designs , in general , have become increasingly complex and thematic in newer games . The new Pokémon of Generation VI , for example , are heavily influenced by the culture and fauna of Europe ( namely France ) . Each iteration of the series has brought about praise and criticism over the numerous creatures . Multiple Pokémon feature alternate forms that change their appearance , stats , and viable attacks ; however , these do not count as separate species . Furthermore , 48 creatures are capable of undergoing Mega Evolution or Primal Reversion , a variant of normal evolution that is akin to a form change ( including a modest change in appearance alongside stat buffs ) .   Due to the large number of Pokémon , listing of each species is divided into articles by generation . All 802 Pokémon are organized by their number in the National Pokédex -- an in-game electronic encyclopedia that provides various information on Pokémon . The National Pokédex is subdivided into regional Pokédex series , each revolving around species introduced at the time of their respective generations along with older generations . For example , the Johto Pokédex , Generation II , covers the 100 species introduced in Gold and Silver in addition to the original 151 species . The encyclopedias follow a general ordering : starter Pokémon are listed first , followed by species obtainable early in the respective games , and are concluded with Legendary and Mythical Pokémon .

neg: Super Smash Bros. Super Smash Bros. is a series of crossover fighting games published by Nintendo , that primarily features characters from franchises established on its systems . All five games have been directed by Masahiro Sakurai .   The gameplay objective differs from that of traditional fighters by aiming to knock opponents off of the stage instead of depleting life bars . The original Super Smash Bros. , released in 1999 for the Nintendo 64 , had a small budget and was originally a Japan-only release , but its domestic success led to a worldwide release . The series achieved even greater success with the release of Super Smash Bros. . Melee , which was released in 2001 for the GameCube and became the best-selling game on that system . A third installment , Super Smash Bros. . Brawl , was released in 2008 for the Wii . Although HAL Laboratory has been the developer of the first two titles , the third game was developed through the collaboration of several companies . The fourth and fifth installments , Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS and Wii U , were released in 2014 for the Nintendo 3DS and Wii U , respectively . The 3DS installment was the first series title to be released on a handheld platform .   The series features many characters from Nintendo 's most popular franchises , including Mario , Fox McCloud , Link , Kirby , Samus Aran and Pikachu . The original Super Smash Bros. had 12 playable characters , and the roster count has risen to 26 characters in Melee , 39 in Brawl , and 58 in 3DS/Wii U ( seven of which are downloadable ) . Some characters are able to transform into different forms that have different styles of play and sets of moves . The games also feature non-playable Nintendo characters , like Ridley and Petey Piranha . In Brawl , two third-party characters were added , Solid Snake and Sonic the Hedgehog . Additional third-party characters Mega Man , Pac-Man , Ryu , Cloud Strife and Bayonetta appeared in 3DS and Wii U , while Solid Snake was removed from the line-up .   Every title in the series has been well received by critics , with much praise given to the multiplayer mode experience . The Super Smash Bros. games have spawned a large competitive community and have been featured in several high-profile gaming tournaments .

neg: Grandia is a series of role-playing video games that have been developed by Game Arts throughout the whole series and have been published over the years by ESP Software , Sony Computer Entertainment , Ubisoft , Hudson Soft , Enix , Square Enix and GungHo Online Entertainment . The latest installment is published by GungHo Online Entertainment with the game entitled Grandia Online . Games in the Grandia series have been released for Sega Saturn , PlayStation , Dreamcast , Game Boy Color , PlayStation 2 and Microsoft Windows . The latest installment was released for Microsoft Windows on July 2009 entitled Grandia Online , its services remained online for three years until they shut down in 2012 .

neg: Final Fantasy XIII is a science fiction role-playing video game developed and published by Square Enix for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 consoles and later for the Microsoft Windows operating system . Released in Japan in December 2009 and worldwide in March 2010 , it is the thirteenth title in the mainline Final Fantasy series . The game includes fast-paced combat , a new system for the series for determining which abilities are developed for the characters called `` Crystarium '' , and a customizable `` Paradigm '' system to control which abilities are used by the characters . Final Fantasy XIII includes elements from the previous games in the series , such as summoned monsters , chocobos , and airships .   The game takes place in the fictional floating world of Cocoon , whose government , the Sanctum , is ordering a purge of civilians who have supposedly come into contact with Pulse , the much-feared world below . The former soldier Lightning begins her fight against the government in order to save her sister who has been branded as an unwilling servant to a god-like being from Pulse , making her an enemy of Cocoon . Lightning is soon joined by a band of allies , and together the group also become marked by the same Pulse creature . They rally against the Sanctum while trying to discover their assigned task and whether they can avoid being turned into monsters or crystals at the completion .   Development began in 2004 , and the game was first announced at Electronic Entertainment Expo ( E3 ) 2006 . Final Fantasy XIII is the flagship title of the Fabula Nova Crystallis collection of Final Fantasy games and is the first game to use Square Enix 's Crystal Tools engine . Final Fantasy XIII received mostly positive reviews from video game publications , which praised the game 's graphics , presentation , and battle system . The game 's story received a mixed response from reviewers , and its linearity compared to previous games in the series was mostly criticized . Selling 1.7 million copies in Japan in 2009 , Final Fantasy XIII became the fastest-selling title in the history of the series . As of January 2013 , the game has sold over 6.6 million copies worldwide . The Microsoft Windows version has sold over 700,000 copies according to SteamSpy . A sequel , titled Final Fantasy XIII-2 , was released in December 2011 in Japan and in February 2012 in North America and PAL regions . A second sequel , titled Lightning Returns : Final Fantasy XIII , which concludes Lightning 's story and the Final Fantasy XIII saga , was released in November 2013 in Japan and in February 2014 in North America and PAL regions . In September 2014 , Square Enix announced the Final Fantasy XIII series has been widely successful and has shipped over 11 million copies worldwide .

neg: GTR – FIA GT Racing Game GTR -- FIA GT Racing Game is a sports car racing simulator developed by SimBin Studios ( later Sector3 Studios ) for the x86 PC . An Xbox version was announced very early on , but never materialized . In April 2006 , an Xbox 360 version was announced . The Xbox 360 version of the game was to be published by THQ . However , THQ later announced they would no longer be working together with Simbin on the title . Race Pro was released for the Xbox 360 in February 2009 .   As a racing simulator , it attempts to recreate real-world physics as accurately as possible , rather than exaggerating speed and handling abilities for the sake of easier gameplay . Some games that compare to the realism featured in GTR include Grand Prix Legends , Live for Speed and F1 Challenge . It has a full license from the FIA for their GT championship , so it features the original FIA GT Series cars and courses . All tracks were constructed from satellite data to improve accuracy , and the developers were helped by many teams in the GT - and NGT-classes . The game engine produces and outputs telemetry data in a format that is usable by the telemetry software i2 by MoTeC -- a software tool used by real racing teams .   The game has three modes , one with full realism and the two others with reduced levels of realism for intermediate players and newcomers . The user is provided with a great deal of control over the setup of the car , e.g. dampers , springs , anti-roll bars , gear ratios , wings and brake pressure can be adjusted in detail .   Although the user is allowed to map the controls to e.g. a keyboard or joystick/gamepad , a wheel/pedal set is really a requirement for a complete racing experience . GTR fully supports the TrackIR device . StarForce copy protection is used to prevent illegal copies of the game from being produced .   Some consider the graphics to be only mediocre whilst others praise the attention to detail in both car modelling and texturing . What is certain is that GTR does lack some effects seen in contemporary games . However , GTR does enable the player to participate in races with over 60 competitors . The game has been criticized numerous times for poor Netcode which often can result in an online game failing during the start . GTR also suffers from virtually no automatic enforcement of rules and regulations , and so `` fair racing '' is only seen by a few on public servers . The open nature of multiplayer sessions makes it easy for a single player to cause disruption for other players , or even to ruin the entire race . Consequently , joining a GTR league or community often proves beneficial for players who wish to participate in clean online racing . GTR 's rating has been suffered by the comparatively long amount of time needed to load a race .

neg: Grandia (video game) Grandia is a role-playing video game , developed by Game Arts and published by ESP Software for the Sega Saturn console as the first game in their Grandia series . Initially released in Japan in 1997 , the game was later ported to the PlayStation in 1999 , with an English version of the game appearing on the platform in North America in the following September by Sony Computer Entertainment , and later in Europe in 2000 by Ubisoft . The game was produced by much of the same staff who worked on the company 's previous role-playing endeavor , the Lunar series , including producer Yoichi Miyagi and music composer Noriyuki Iwadare .   Since its release , Grandia has become notable for its combat mechanics which have been carried over to future games within the franchise , and has spawned two spin-off titles - Grandia : Digital Museum and Grandia : Parallel Trippers - both released exclusively in Japan . In celebration of the announcement of renewing development on Grandia Online , which acts as a prequel to Grandia , the game was re-released on Sony 's PlayStation Network platform in Japan as a downloadable title on April 22 , 2009 and in North America on February 25 , 2010 . It was re-released in Europe on November 10 , 2010 .   The game is set in a fantasy world of emerging technology and exploration . A young boy named Justin inherits a magic stone that leads him on a journey around the world to uncover the mystery of a long-lost civilization . Along the way , he meets other adventurers who join him on his quest , which draws the attention of the militaristic Garlyle Forces who seek to uncover the secrets of the past as well . Grandia received a largely positive critical response during its original release , and was voted by readers of Japan 's highly circulated Famitsu magazine as the 73rd greatest game of all time in a 2006 poll .

neg: Fan translation of video games In video gaming , a fan translation is an unofficial translation of a computer game or video game made by fans .   The fan translation practice grew with the rise of video game console emulation in the late 1990s . A community of people developed that were interested in replaying and modifying the games they played in their youth . The knowledge and tools that came out of this community allowed them to work with translators to localize video game titles that had never been available outside of their original country of origin .   Fan translations of video game console games are usually accomplished by modifying a single binary ROM image of the game . Fan translations of PC games , on the other hand , can involve translation of many binary files throughout the game 's directory which are packaged and distributed as fan patch . In dealing with translations of console games , a console emulator is generally utilized to play the final product , although unofficial hardware , hardware mods or software mods can be used to run the translated ROM image on its native hardware .

neg: The Legend of Heroes: A Tear of Vermillion The Legend of Heroes : A Tear of Vermillion , known as in Japan is a role-playing game originally developed by Nihon Falcom Corporation . It is the fourth game in the The Legend of Heroes series , and the second in the `` Gagharv Trilogy '' . This game is a remake of the original game released for the NEC PC-9801 in 1996 . It was also released in 1998 for the PlayStation and a 1999 release for Microsoft Windows PCs . This game was the first US-released Legend of Heroes game since Dragon Slayer : The Legend of Heroes for the TurboGrafx-16 . The US release dropped the number from the title , and was known as simply `` The Legend of Heroes : A Tear of Vermillion '' .   Some confusion was caused by the US release of this game . While the remake of The Legend of Heroes IV was the first to be released in the US , the PSP remake of its predecessor , The Legend of Heroes III , had been released several months before it in Japan . The Legend of Heroes III was eventually released in the US in 2006 , with its title changed to The Legend of Heroes II : Prophecy of the Moonlight Witch .

neg: Grand Theft Auto III Grand Theft Auto III is an open world action-adventure third-person shooter video game developed by DMA Design and published by Rockstar Games . It was released on 22 October 2001 for the PlayStation 2 , on 20 May 2002 for Microsoft Windows , and on 31 October 2003 for the Xbox . A remastered version of the game was released on mobile platforms in 2011 , for the game 's tenth anniversary . It is the fifth title in the Grand Theft Auto series , and the first main entry since 1999 's Grand Theft Auto 2 . Set within the fictional Liberty City , based on New York City , the game follows Claude after he is left for dead and quickly becomes entangled in a world of gangs , crime and corruption .   The game is played from a third-person perspective and its world is navigated on foot or by vehicle . The open world design lets players freely roam Liberty City , consisting of three main islands . Development was shared between DMA Design , based in Edinburgh and Rockstar , in New York City . Much of the development work constituted transforming popular series elements into a 3D world . The game was delayed following the September 11 attacks , to allow the team to change references and gameplay deemed inappropriate .   Upon release , the game received critical acclaim , with praise particularly directed at its concept and gameplay . However , the game also generated controversy , with criticism directed at the depiction of violence and sexual content . Grand Theft Auto III became the best-selling video game of 2001 , and has sold over 17 million copies . Considered one of the most significant titles of the sixth generation of video games , and by many critics as one of the greatest video games of all time , it won year-end accolades , including Game of the Year awards from several gaming publications . Since its release , it has received numerous ports to many gaming platforms . Its successor , Grand Theft Auto : Vice City , was released in October 2002 .

neg: Fangame Fangames are video games made by fans based on one or more established video games . Many fangames attempt to clone or remake the original game 's design , gameplay and characters , but it is equally common for fans to develop a unique game using another only as a template . Though the quality of fangames has always been variable , recent advances in computer technology and in available tools , e.g. through open source software , have made creating high-quality games easier .

neg: Game controller A game controller is a device used with games or entertainment systems to provide input to a video game , typically to control an object or character in the game . A controller is usually connected to a game console or computer by means of a wire or cord , although , since the mid-2000s , wireless controllers have become widespread . Input devices that have been classified as game controllers include keyboards , mouses , gamepads , joysticks , etc. . Special purpose devices , such as steering wheels for driving games and light guns for shooting games , are also game controllers .   Game controllers have been designed and improved over the years to be as user friendly as possible . The Microsoft Xbox controller , with its shoulder triggers that mimic actual triggers such as those found on guns , has become popular for shooting games . Some controllers are designed to be deliberately best for one type of game , such as steering wheels for driving games , or dance pads for dancing games .   One of the first video game controllers was a simple dial and single button , used to control the game Tennis for Two . Controllers have since evolved to include directional pads , multiple buttons , analog sticks , joysticks , motion detection , touch screens and a plethora of other features .

neg: The Music of Grand Theft Auto V The Music of Grand Theft Auto V is the soundtrack to the video game Grand Theft Auto V . The soundtrack was released digitally in 2013 in three volumes , including an original score composed for the game in addition to selections from songs that were licensed for the in-game radio . The retail version of the soundtrack was released in 2014 for CD and vinyl . The game is the first in its series to include an original score ; the work was shared between a team of producers who collaborated with each other during the game 's development . Critical reception to the soundtrack was positive , as reviewers considered that the music had been appropriated effectively for gameplay .

neg: Lunar (series) is a series of role-playing video games , developed by Game Arts in Japan and published in the United States by Working Designs , Ubisoft , and Xseed Games .   The original releases of The Silver Star and Eternal Blue , were published for Mega-CD in Japan and Sega CD in North America . They were later remade for the Japanese Sega Saturn with considerable story , graphical , and musical changes . These remakes were later ported to the PlayStation in Japan and North America . The first game was also ported to the Microsoft Windows computer platform in Japan and Korea , and was later remade for the Game Boy Advance and PlayStation Portable in Japan and North America .   A side-story game , Lunar : Walking School for the Game Gear , was also remade for the Sega Saturn but has seen no North America release in any form . Backed by publisher Ubisoft , Game Arts created a new Lunar installment for the Nintendo DS , released in September 2005 in North America .

neg: Pokémon notice is a media franchise managed by The Pokémon Company , a Japanese consortium between Nintendo , Game Freak , and Creatures . The franchise copyright is shared by all three companies , but Nintendo is the sole owner of the trademark . The franchise was created by Satoshi Tajiri in 1995 , and is centered on fictional creatures called `` Pokémon '' , which humans , known as Pokémon Trainers , catch and train to battle each other for sport .   The franchise began as a pair of video games for the original Game Boy that were developed by Game Freak and published by Nintendo . It now spans video games , trading card games , animated television shows and movies , comic books , and toys . Pokémon is the second best-selling video game franchise , behind only Nintendo 's Mario franchise and the highest-grossing media franchise of all time . The franchise is also represented in other Nintendo media , such as the Super Smash Bros. series .   Cumulative sales of the video games ( including home console games , such as Hey You , Pikachu ! for the Nintendo 64 ) have reached more than 290 million copies . In November 2005 , 4Kids Entertainment , which had managed the non-game related licensing of Pokémon , announced that it had agreed not to renew the Pokémon representation agreement . The Pokémon Company International ( formerly Pokémon USA Inc. ) , a subsidiary of Japan 's Pokémon Co. , oversees all Pokémon licensing outside of Asia . As of May 2016 , the Pokémon franchise has grossed revenues of ¥ 6.0 trillion worldwide ( equivalent to US$ 50.4 billion ) .   The franchise celebrated its tenth anniversary in 2006 . 2016 marks the 20th anniversary of the release of the original games , with the company celebrating by airing an ad during Super Bowl 50 , issuing re-releases of Pokémon Red , Blue , and Yellow , and completely redesigning the way the newest games are played . The mobile augmented reality game Pokémon Go was released in July 2016 . The first seventh-generation games Pokémon Sun and Moon were released worldwide on November 18 , 2016 . A live-action film adaptation based on Great Detective Pikachu is planned to start production in 2017 . The English slogan for the franchise is `` Got ta Catch 'Em All '' .

neg: Nintendo Nintendo Co. , Ltd. is a Japanese multinational consumer electronics and video game company headquartered in Kyoto , Japan . Nintendo is one of the world 's largest video game companies by market capitalization . Founded on 23 September 1889 by Fusajiro Yamauchi , it originally produced handmade hanafuda playing cards . By 1963 , the company had tried several small niche businesses , such as cab services and love hotels . The word Nintendo can be roughly translated from Japanese to English as `` leave luck to heaven '' .   Abandoning previous ventures in favor of toys in the 1960s , Nintendo then developed into a video game company in the 1970s , ultimately becoming one of the most influential in the industry and Japan 's third most-valuable company with a market value of over $ 85 billion . From 1992 until 2016 , Nintendo was also the majority shareholder of Major League Baseball 's Seattle Mariners .   , Nintendo has cumulative sales of over 670.43 million hardware units and 4.23 billion software units . The company has created and released some of the best-known and top-selling video game franchises , such as Mario , The Legend of Zelda , and Pokémon .

neg: Zelda's Adventure Zelda 's Adventure is an action-adventure fantasy video game developed by Viridis Corporation and released for the Philips CD-i console system . Set in the land of Tolemac , the game follows a non-traditional Zelda-saves-Link storyline , in which Link has been captured by the evil lord Ganon , and Zelda must collect the seven celestial signs in order to rescue him .   Released nearly 8 months after the first two Zelda CD-i games , Zelda 's Adventure uses a different game engine from Faces of Evil and Wand of Gamelon . Whereas the first two CD-i games were patterned on the side-scrolling Zelda II : The Adventure of Link , Zelda 's Adventure took the top-down The Legend of Zelda , A Link to the Past , and Link 's Awakening as its models . Zelda 's Adventure is the only Legend of Zelda game to feature live-action cutscenes . Reception for the game was poor , and whereas some modern critics have given more nuanced reviews of the first two games , modern criticism for Zelda 's Adventure is unanimously negative .

neg: Pokémon Apokélypse Pokémon Apokélypse is a 2010 fan-made short film directed by Kial Natale and produced by Dylan Innes and Lee Majdoub . Based on the Pokémon franchise , the storyline takes place several years after the events of the original anime series . Intended as a fan-response to `` the common trend of ` dark and gritty ' reboots of popular franchises '' , the film was meant to give a mature spin on Pokémon and be in the same vein as work seen on parody website CollegeHumor . The creators initially intended to reveal the film at the Vancouver Anime Evolution convention , it was not shown due to technical difficulties . Instead on September 14 , 2010 , it revealed online via a teaser segment distributed through emails sent to various media outlets , which presented itself as a recording of a `` secret movie trailer screening '' for a film in development . The full film followed shortly thereafter , posted online on September 20 .   The result of almost two years of work , the film follows Ash Ketchum and his friends years after the events of the original anime series , and their struggle against criminal organization Rocket Industries . Deciding on using the subject of Pokémon after considering several possibilities such as Grand Theft Auto and Dragon Ball Z , the producers were surprised by fan reaction to the material . Despite praises for the content , they have stated they have no intention to produce a full-fledged film .   The initial `` leaked '' preview was met with skepticism and criticism , with Crave Online in particular recalling the trend of past video game-inspired films being of poor quality . Kotaku and Topless Robot in particular noting that the preview did it a disservice by hiding the charm of the completed project , which by comparison was met with very positive reception . GamesRadar called it `` amazing '' , and stated that the content was `` good enough for grown ups '' ; in a further discussion , they added they were impressed by the quality of the work , and how it addressed the similarity between the games and dog fighting . Other sources such as The Escapist and Game Informer also heavily praised the production , with the former lamenting that such a concept would never officially appear from Nintendo .

neg: Saints Row: The Third downloadable content Downloadable content for Saints Row : The Third was announced before the game 's November 2011 release along with a commitment from publisher THQ to support 40 weeks of content . Among smaller upgrades , three main content packs were released : Genkibowl VII , Gangstas in Space , and The Trouble with Clones . Reviewers found all three packs short -- around an hour in length -- and considered The Trouble with Clones the best of the bunch .   Genkibowl VII , released in January 2012 , brought four new activity types to Steelport around a Professor Genki-themed competition . Sad Panda Skyblazing , the only one of the four activities to not modify an existing activity type , was the reviewers ' favorite . Gangstas in Space , released in February , is a three-mission story about a Saints-themed film production starring the player and fighting aliens . The Trouble with Clones , released in March , has the player tracking down and quelling a rampant clone of Saints leader Johnny Gat . Reviewers highly praised its `` Saints Flow '' superpower sequences , and questioned why they could not have been unlocked in the main game afterwards . All download packs offered unlocks upon their completion .   The Full Package , a version containing all of the game 's downloadable content on disc alongside the main game , was released in November . Some of the smaller content items include costume , vehicle , and ability unlocks . THQ planned a standalone expansion of the game called Enter the Dominatrix . It was originally announced as an April Fool 's joke , but was confirmed and later spun into Saints Row IV 's downloadable content .


query: Arrow's first four seasons aired on the CW.

pos: Arrow (TV series) Arrow is an American action crime television series developed by writer/producers Greg Berlanti , Marc Guggenheim , and Andrew Kreisberg . It is based on the DC Comics character Green Arrow , a costumed crime-fighter created by Mort Weisinger and George Papp . It premiered in North America on The CW on October 10 , 2012 , with international broadcasting taking place in late 2012 . Primarily filmed in Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada , the series follows billionaire playboy Oliver Queen ( Stephen Amell ) , who , five years after being stranded on a hostile island , returns home to fight crime and corruption as a secret vigilante whose weapon of choice is a bow and arrow .   The series takes a new look at the Green Arrow character , as well as other characters from the DC Comics universe . Although Oliver Queen/Green Arrow had been featured in the television series Smallville from 2006 to 2011 , on the CW , the producers decided to start clean and find a new actor to portray the character . Arrow focuses on the humanity of Oliver Queen , and how he was changed by time spent shipwrecked on an island . Most episodes in the first five seasons have flashback scenes to the five years in which Oliver was missing .   Arrow has received generally positive reviews from critics . The series averaged about 3.68 million viewers over the course of the first season and received several awards and multiple nominations . To promote it , a preview comic book was released before the television series began , while webisodes featuring a product tie-in with Bose were developed for the second season . The first four seasons are available on DVD and Blu-ray in regions 1 , 2 and 4 ; a soundtrack was also released for the first two seasons . In October 2014 , a spin-off series set in the same universe , titled The Flash , premiered . In August 2015 , an animated spin-off , Vixen , was released , while a second live-action spin-off , Legends of Tomorrow , premiered in January 2016 , featuring a number of characters from Arrow and The Flash . On March 11 , 2016 , the series was renewed for a fifth season , which premiered on October 5 , 2016 . On January 8 , 2017 , The CW renewed the show for a sixth season .

neg: Gossip Girl (season 1) The first season of Gossip Girl , an American teen drama based upon the book series by Cecily von Ziegesar . Developed for television by Josh Schwartz and Stephanie Savage . Airing on The CW from September 19 , 2007 till May 19 , 2008 with 18 episodes . It tells the story of Serena van der Woodsen 's return to Manhattan 's Upper East Side in New York City following her mysterious disappearance to boarding school in Connecticut , while being watched by gossip website Gossip Girl .   The first thirteen episodes of Gossip Girl aired in the U.S. on Wednesdays at 9:00 p.m. on The CW , a terrestrial television network . With the exception of the twelfth episode `` School Lies , '' the first thirteen episodes aired on CTV Television Network one day prior to their US airdate . Following the 100-day writers strike , the remainder of the season aired on Mondays at 8:00 p.m. . The season was released on DVD as a five disc boxed set under the title of Gossip Girl : The Complete First Season on August 19 , 2008 by Warner Home Video . The pilot episode was made available as a free download registered users of the U.S. iTunes Store prior to its premiere on television . Following episodes became available to purchase following their original airing .

neg: Highlander: The Series (season 4) The fourth season of the American drama/adventure television series Highlander began airing 25 September 1995 and finished on 26 May 1996 . The series continues to follow the adventures of Duncan MacLeod , a 400-year-old Immortal who can only die if he is beheaded . MacLeod is involved in the Game , an ongoing battle during which all Immortals have to behead each other until only one is left .

neg: Girls (TV series) Girls is an American television series that premiered on HBO on April 15 , 2012 . Created by and starring Lena Dunham and executive produced by Judd Apatow , Girls is a comedy-drama following the lives of four young women living in New York City . The show 's premise and major aspects of the main character were drawn from Dunham 's own life .   The series has received a positive response from critics and consistent accolades , including the 2013 Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series -- Musical or Comedy .   Girls sixth and final season concluded on April 16 , 2017 , with a total of 62 episodes .

neg: The Secret Life of the American Teenager The Secret Life of the American Teenager ( often shortened to Secret Life ) is an American teen drama television series created by Brenda Hampton . It first season aired on ABC Family on July 1 , 2008 and ran until June 3 , 2013 . The show was renewed for four additional seasons .   The series received generally mixed reviews from mainstream critics when it began broadcasting , but was well received among female and teenage viewers . The pilot episode broke the record for the highest rated debut on ABC Family with 2.82 million viewers , a record previously held by Kyle XY . The season one finale brought in 4.50 million viewers , beating that night 's episode of Gossip Girl , which had less than half its usual number of viewers . Premiering to mostly positive reviews from critics and being well received among viewers , the second season of Secret Life opened with the largest audience for the series , posting a series high in total viewers with 4.68 million viewers ; in adults 18 -- 34 it was the number one scripted original premiere of Summer 2009 . Furthermore , the mid-season premiere became ABC Family 's most watched telecast of all time with viewers ages 12 -- 34 , with more than three million viewers watching .   The show earned the Teen Choice Award for Choice Summer TV Show during its premiere season , and spawned a book entitled The Secret Diary of Ashley Juergens .

neg: Delphian Complex Arrows are a six-piece alternative rock band from Bedfordshire , UK , forged in 2008 from the ashes of cult dance/guitar band Delphian Complex . The band consists of Mark Drake ( vocals ) , Joe Southin ( keys/vocals ) , David Warner ( guitars/vocals ) , Carl Bishop ( guitar ) , Mattie Bennett ( bass ) and Barry Crook ( drums ) . Following a prolonged period of writing and rehearsing , Arrows began to gig extensively across the UK in March 2008 , firmly closing the door on their previous entity 's past , with a new , strongly contrasting sound .   The followed this heavy touring by stepping back into the studios in July 2008 , recording two songs , `` A New Way To Get By '' and `` Song '' at Lost Boys Recording Studio in Bedfordshire , which they co-produced with Nick Mailing . The demo became an instant success , securing them airplay on local and national radio , and bringing them to the attention of a much wider audience . This summer the band played the BBC Introducing and Love Music Hate Racism festivals .

neg: Shadowhunters Shadowhunters ( also known as Shadowhunters : The Mortal Instruments ) is an American fantasy television series that is loosely based on The Mortal Instruments by Cassandra Clare , and developed for television by Ed Decter . It is the second adaptation of the novel series , after the 2013 film The Mortal Instruments : City of Bones , which like Shadowhunters was produced by Constantin Film .   The show received a straight-to-series order on March 30 , 2015 , and premiered on January 12 , 2016 on Freeform . In March 2016 , it was announced that the series had been renewed for a second season of 20 episodes , which premiered on January 2 , 2017 . In April 2017 , it was announced that the series had been renewed for a third season of 20 episodes .

neg: Arrow (season 2) The second season of the American television series Arrow premiered on The CW on October 10 , 2013 and concluded on May 14 , 2014 with a total of 23 episodes . The series is based on the DC Comics character Green Arrow , a costumed crime-fighter created by Mort Weisinger and George Papp . The showrunners for this season were Greg Berlanti , Marc Guggenheim and Andrew Kreisberg . This season introduces characters from The Flash , which was being developed as a potential spin-off at the time .

neg: 1994 United States broadcast TV realignment The 1994 United States broadcast television realignment consisted of a series of events , primarily involving affiliation switches between television stations , that resulted from a multimillion-dollar deal between the Fox Broadcasting Company ( commonly known as simply Fox ) and New World Communications , a media company that -- through its then-recently formed broadcasting division -- owned several VHF television stations affiliated with major broadcast television networks , primarily CBS .   The major impetus for the changes was to allow Fox to improve its local affiliate coverage , in preparation for the commencement of its rights to the National Football Conference ( NFC ) television package , which the National Football League ( NFL ) awarded to the fledgling network in December 1993 . As a result of various other deals that followed as a result of the affiliation switches created by the deal between Fox and New World , most notably the buyout of CBS by Westinghouse , the switches constituted some of the most sweeping changes in American television history . As a result of this realignment , Fox ascended to the status of a major television network , comparable in influence to the Big Three television networks ( CBS , NBC and ABC ) .   Nearly 70 stations in 30 media markets throughout the United States changed affiliations starting in September 1994 and continuing through September 1996 ( although an additional affiliation switch would occur in February 1997 , through the launch of an upstart station that gained its network partner through one of the ancillary deals ) , which -- along with the concurrent January 1995 launches of The WB Television Network ( a joint venture between Time Warner , the Tribune Company and the network 's founding chief executive officer , Jamie Kellner ) and the United Paramount Network ( UPN ) ( founded by Chris-Craft/United Television , through a programming partnership with Paramount Television ) , both of which affiliated with certain stations that lost their previous network partners through the various affiliation agreements -- marked some of the most expansive changes ever to have occurred in American television .

neg: 1977–78 United States network television schedule This was the television schedule on all three United States television networks for the fall season beginning in September 1977 . All times are Eastern and Pacific .   New fall series are highlighted in bold . Series ending their original runs are in italics .   Each of the 30 highest-rated shows is listed with its rank and rating as determined by Nielsen Media Research .   Yellow indicates the programs in the top 10 for the season .  Cyan indicates the programs in the top 20 for the season .  Magenta indicates the programs in the top 30 for the season .   PBS , the Public Broadcasting Service , was in operation , but the schedule was set by each local station . On ABC , debuting news brief , airs all seven nights at 9:58 , pm .

neg: List of Jane the Virgin episodes Jane the Virgin is an American comedy-drama television series that premiered on The CW on October 13 , 2014 . The series follows Jane Villanueva , a hard-working , religious young Latina woman whose family tradition and a vow to save her virginity until marriage is shattered when a doctor mistakenly artificially inseminates her during a checkup . To make matters worse , the biological donor is a married man , a former playboy and cancer survivor who is not only the new owner of the hotel where Jane works , but was also her former teenage crush . On October 21 , 2014 , the show was given a full season order . On January 11 , 2015 , the show was renewed for a second season , On March 11 , 2016 , the show was renewed for a third season . On January 8 , 2017 , the show was renewed for a fourth season .

neg: Smallville (season 7) Season seven of Smallville , an American television series , began airing on September 27 , 2007 . The series recounts the early adventures of Kryptonian Clark Kent as he adjusts to life in the fictional town of Smallville , Kansas , during the years before he becomes Superman . The seventh season comprises 20 episodes and concluded its initial airing on May 15 , 2008 , marking the second season to air on The CW television network . Regular cast members during season seven include Tom Welling , Michael Rosenbaum , Kristin Kreuk , Allison Mack , John Glover , Erica Durance , Aaron Ashmore , and Laura Vandervoort . In addition to bringing in new regular cast members this season , the Smallville team brought in familiar faces from the Superman media history , old villains from the show 's past , as well as new DC Comics characters .   This season focuses on Clark Kent meeting his biological cousin Kara ( Vandervoort ) , and teaching her how to control her abilities in public ; Lana Lang 's behavior toward her friends , Lex Luthor , and after it is discovered that she faked her own death ; Chloe coming to terms with her newly discovered kryptonite-induced ability ; and the secret of the Daily Planet 's new editor Grant Gabriel . Towards the end of the season , Clark faces the dual threat from returning villain Brainiac ( James Marsters ) , and Lex 's discovery of his father 's secret society who possess the means to control Clark . The season culminates with a showdown between Lex and Clark at the Fortress of Solitude , wherein the fortress is brought down , setting the series up for the following season .   Smallville 's season seven , along with many other American television shows , was caught in the middle of a contract dispute between the Writers Guild of America , East ( WGAE ) , Writers Guild of America , west ( WGAw ) and the Alliance of Motion Picture and Television Producers ( AMPTP ) . The dispute led to a strike by the writers , which has caused this season to end prematurely with only twenty episodes being produced , instead of the standard twenty-two episodes . The strike also forced The CW to push back airdates on several episodes , and cost Allison Mack her directorial debut . Smallville 's Season seven slipped in the ratings , averaging 3.7 million viewers weekly , and the series ranked as the 175th most-watched television series , out of 220 , for the 2007 -- 08 television year .

neg: As the World Turns As the World Turns ( often referred to as ATWT ) is an American television soap opera that aired on CBS for 54 years from April 2 , 1956 , to September 17 , 2010 . Irna Phillips created As the World Turns as a sister show to her other soap opera Guiding Light . Running for 54 years , As the World Turns holds the second-longest continuous run of any daytime network soap opera on American television , surpassed only by Guiding Light . As the World Turns was produced for the first 43 years in Manhattan and in Brooklyn from 2000 until 2010 .   Set in the fictional town of Oakdale , Illinois , the show debuted on April 2 , 1956 , at 1:30 pm EST. . Prior to that date , all serials had been 15 minutes in length . As the World Turns and The Edge of Night , which premiered on the same day at 4:30 pm EST , were the first two to be 30 minutes in length from their premiere . At first , viewers did not respond to the new half-hour serial , but ratings picked up in its second year , eventually reaching the top spot in the daytime Nielsen ratings by fall 1958 . In 1959 , the show started a streak of weekly ratings wins that was not interrupted for over 12 years . The show switched to color on August 21 , 1967 , and expanded from a half-hour in length to one hour starting on December 1 , 1975 , when The Edge of Night moved to ABC . In the year-to-date ratings , As the World Turns was the most-watched daytime drama from 1958 until 1978 , with ten million viewers tuning in each day . At its height , core actors such as Helen Wagner , Don MacLaughlin , Don Hastings , and Eileen Fulton became nationally known . Three of these actors -- Wagner , Hastings , and Fulton -- are also the three longest serving actors in the history of American soap operas .   The show passed its 10,000 th episode on May 12 , 1995 , and celebrated its 50th anniversary on April 2 , 2006 . On September 18 , 2009 , As the World Turns became the last remaining Procter and Gamble-produced soap opera for CBS after Guiding Light aired its final episode on the network .   On December 8 , 2009 , CBS announced that it cancelled As the World Turns after almost 54 years due to low ratings . The show taped its final Procter and Gamble scenes for CBS on June 23 , 2010 , and with a dramatic storyline finale , its final episode on the network aired on September 17 , 2010 . On October 18 , 2010 , CBS replaced As the World Turns with a newly debuted talk show The Talk .

neg: The Catalina The Catalina is an American reality television series on The CW . The series debuted on May 29 , 2012 .

neg: Grey's Anatomy (season 4) The fourth season of the American television medical drama Grey 's Anatomy , commenced airing in the United States on September 27 , 2007 and concluded on May 22 , 2008 . The season continues the story of a group of surgeons and their mentors in the fictional Seattle Grace Hospital , describing their professional lives and the way they affect the personal background of each character . Season four had twelve series regulars with ten of them returning from the previous season , out of which eight are part of the original cast from the first season . The season aired in the Thursday night timeslot at 9:00 EST. . In addition to the regular seventeen episodes , a clip-show narrated by the editors of People recapped previous events of the show and made the transition from Grey 's Anatomy to Private Practice , a spin-off focusing of Dr. Addison Montgomery and aired on September 19 , 2007 , before the season premiere . The season was officially released on DVD as a five-disc boxset under the title of Grey 's Anatomy : Season Four -- Expanded on September 9 , 2008 by Buena Vista Home Entertainment .   For the first time in the show 's history , many cast changes occur , seeing the first departure of two main cast members . Despite garnering several awards and nominations for the cast members and the production team , the season received a mixed response from critics and fans . Show creator Shonda Rhimes heavily contributed to the production of the season , writing five out of the seventeen episodes . The highest-rated episode was the season premiere , which was watched by 20.93 million viewers . The season was interrupted by the 2007 -- 2008 Writers Guild of America strike , which resulted in the production of only seventeen episodes , instead of twenty-three originally planned .

neg: List of The Flash episodes The Flash is an American action television series developed by Greg Berlanti , Andrew Kreisberg , and Geoff Johns , airing on The CW . It is based on the DC Comics character Barry Allen / Flash , a costumed crimefighter with the power to move at superhuman speeds . It is a spin-off from Arrow , existing in the same fictional universe . The series follows Barry Allen , portrayed by Grant Gustin , a crime scene investigator who gains superhuman speed , which he uses to fight criminals , including others who have also gained superhuman abilities . The Flash was renewed in March 2016 for a third season , which premiered on October 4 , 2016 . On January 8 , 2017 , The CW renewed the series for a fourth season .

neg: List of Supergirl episodes Supergirl is an American superhero action-adventure drama television series developed by Ali Adler , Greg Berlanti and Andrew Kreisberg ( the latter two having previously created Arrow and The Flash ) that originally aired on CBS and premiered on October 26 , 2015 . It is based on the DC Comics character Supergirl ( Kara Zor-El ) , created by Otto Binder and Al Plastino , and stars Melissa Benoist in the title role . Supergirl is a costumed superheroine who is the biological cousin to Superman and one of the last surviving Kryptonians .   The series was officially picked up on May 6 , 2015 , after receiving a series commitment in September 2014 , and received a full season order on November 30 , 2015 . On May 12 , 2016 , Warner Bros. . Television announced that the series had been renewed for a second season and that it would move from CBS to The CW . It debuted on October 10 , 2016 . On January 8 , 2017 , The CW renewed the series for a third season .

neg: Smallville (season 4) Season four of Smallville , an American television series , began airing on September 22 , 2004 . The series recounts the early adventures of Kryptonian Clark Kent as he adjusts to life in the fictional town of Smallville , Kansas , during the years before he becomes Superman . The fourth season comprises 22 episodes and concluded its initial airing on May 18 , 2005 . Regular cast members during season four include Tom Welling , Kristin Kreuk , Michael Rosenbaum , Jensen Ackles , Allison Mack , John Glover , Annette O'Toole and John Schneider .   Season four chronicles Clark and his classmates ' senior year of high school and centers on his attempt to unite the three stones of knowledge , and trying to cope with Lana 's new relationship with Jason Teague . Clark 's friendship with Lex becomes increasingly strained , as he begins to distrust Lex more and more . At the end of season 3 , Sam Jones III left the series as Pete Ross , and Jensen Ackles was brought in as Jason Teague and given star billing . Erica Durance was cast as Lois Lane , and became a recurring character for 13 episodes . Writers also brought in other popular DC Comics characters , such as Bart Allen , Mister Mxyzptlk , and Sam and Lucy Lane .   Smallville 's Season four slipped in the ratings , averaging at 4.4 million viewers a week .

neg: The Flash (2014 TV series) The Flash is an American television series developed by Greg Berlanti , Andrew Kreisberg and Geoff Johns , airing on The CW . It is based on the DC Comics character Barry Allen / Flash , a costumed superhero crime-fighter with the power to move at superhuman speeds . It is a spin-off from Arrow , existing in the same fictional universe . The series follows Allen , portrayed by Grant Gustin , a crime scene investigator who gains super-human speed , which he uses to fight criminals , including others who have also gained superhuman abilities .   Initially envisioned as a backdoor pilot , the positive reception Gustin received during two appearances as Barry on Arrow led to executives choosing to develop a full pilot to make use of a larger budget and help flesh out Barry 's world in more detail . Colleen Atwood , costume designer for Arrow , was brought in to design the Flash 's suit . The creative team wanted to make sure that the Flash would resemble his comic book counterpart , and not simply be a poor imitation . The series is primarily filmed in Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada .   The Flash premiered in North America on October 7 , 2014 , where the pilot became the second-most watched premiere in the history of The CW , after The Vampire Diaries in 2009 . It has been well received by critics and audiences , and won the People 's Choice Award for `` Favorite New TV Drama '' in 2014 . The series was renewed for a third season in March 2016 , which premiered on October 4 , 2016 . The series , together with Arrow , has spun characters out to their own show , Legends of Tomorrow , which premiered on January 21 , 2016 . On January 8 , 2017 , The CW renewed the show for a fourth season .

neg: Superman/Fantastic Four Superman/Fantastic Four , subtitled `` The Infinite Destruction , '' is an intercompany comic book jointly published by DC Comics and Marvel Comics in July 1999 . The tale unites DC 's first superhero Superman and Marvel 's first superhero team , the Fantastic Four -- pitting them against the Cyborg Superman ( who gained notoriety in 1993 during DC 's `` Reign of the Supermen '' story arc ) and the longtime FF foe Galactus .   It was written by Dan Jurgens , with art by Jurgens and Art Thibert . The cover features painted art by Alex Ross , based on a layout by Jurgens .

neg: Cold Case (season 4) Season four of Cold Case , an American television series , began airing on September 24 , 2006 and concluded on May 6 , 2007 . Season four regular cast members include Kathryn Morris , Danny Pino , John Finn , Thom Barry , Jeremy Ratchford and Tracie Thoms . This is the only season of the series to feature 24 episodes .   During this season before the season finale `` Stalker '' , Danny Pino guest starred as his character Scotty Valens in an episode of CSI : NY , also produced by Jerry Bruckheimer .