query: Kevin Brodbin was a writer of Constantine's screenplay.

pos: Constantine (film) Constantine is a 2005 American-German occult detective action horror film directed by Francis Lawrence as his feature film directorial debut , starring Keanu Reeves as John Constantine , with Rachel Weisz , Shia LaBeouf , Tilda Swinton , Pruitt Taylor Vince , and Djimon Hounsou . With a screenplay by Kevin Brodbin and Frank Cappello , the film is based on DC Comics ' Hellblazer comic book , with plot elements taken from the `` Dangerous Habits '' story arc ( issues # 4146 ) and the `` Original Sins '' story arc .   The character of John Constantine was introduced by comic book writer/creator Alan Moore while writing the Swamp Thing , first appearing there in June 1985 . In 1988 , the character of John Constantine was given his own comic book title , Hellblazer , published by DC Comics . The `` Dangerous Habits '' story arc was written by Garth Ennis in 1991 .   The film portrays John Constantine as a cynic with the ability to perceive and communicate with half-angels and half-demons in their true form . He seeks salvation from eternal damnation in Hell for a suicide attempt in his youth . Constantine exorcises demons back to Hell to earn favor with Heaven but has become weary over time . With terminal lung cancer , he helps a troubled police detective learn the truth about her sister 's death while simultaneously unraveling a much larger and darker plot .   Constantine was released in the United States and Canada on February 18 , 2005 and in Hong Kong on February 8 , 2005 . The film received mixed reviews and was a box office success , grossing $ 230.9 million worldwide from a $ 100 million budget .

neg: Michael Constantine Michael Constantine ( born May 22 , 1927 ) is an American actor of Greek descent .   He is most widely recognized for his portrayal of Kostas `` Gus '' Portokalos , the Windex bottle-toting Greek father of Toula Portokalos ( Nia Vardalos ) , in the surprise hit film My Big Fat Greek Wedding ( 2002 ) . Earlier , he earned much acclaim for his extensive television work , especially as the long-suffering high school principal , Seymour Kaufman , on ABC 's sitcom , Room 222 , for which he won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series in 1970 ; he was again recognized by the Emmys , as well as the Golden Globes , the following year . After the conclusion of Room 222 , Constantine portrayed night court magistrate Matthew J. Sirota on the 1976 sitcom Sirota 's Court , receiving his second Golden Globe nomination . Constantine reprised his role as Gus Portokalos in My Big Fat Greek Wedding 2 ( 2016 ) .

neg: Jon Lindstrom Jon Lindstrom ( born October 18 , 1957 ) is an American actor , writer , director , producer , and musician . He is well known for his role as Kevin Collins on the ABC Daytime soap opera General Hospital and its spin-off Port Charles .

neg: Dan Berendsen Daniel `` Dan '' Berendsen is an American producer , and screenwriter , best known as the co-writer of Camp Rock 2 : The Final Jam , and the writer of Hannah Montana : The Movie and Wizards of Waverly Place : The Movie . He also was one of the writers , developers and executive producers of Sabrina the Teenage Witch .   According to AlloyEntertainment.com Berendsen had written the script for an ABC Family Original Movie in development , based on the book series The Nine Lives of Chloe King . It was later announced that the movie had been developed into a TV series and was picked up for 10 episodes and is set to premiere on June 14 , 2011 . Berendsen is now credited as developer and showrunner/executive producer of the ABC Family sitcom Baby Daddy .

neg: Alexander Payne Alexander Payne ( born Constantine Alexander Payne ; February 10 , 1961 ) is an American film director , screenwriter , and producer , known for the films Citizen Ruth ( 1996 ) , Election ( 1999 ) , About Schmidt ( 2002 ) , Sideways ( 2004 ) , The Descendants ( 2011 ) , and Nebraska ( 2013 ) . His films are noted for their dark humor and satirical depictions of contemporary American society . Payne is a two-time winner of the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay , and a three-time nominee of the Academy Award for Best Director .

neg: Benedict Fitzgerald Benedict Fitzgerald ( born 1949 ) is an American screenwriter who co-wrote the screenplay for The Passion of the Christ with Mel Gibson . His other writing credits include a television screenplay of Moby-Dick in 1998 ( uncredited ) and Wise Blood in 1979 .   His latest project is Mary , Mother of the Christ , which is in pre-production by MGM .   Benedict is the son of Sally and poet/critic Robert Fitzgerald . When he was a child , one of his baby sitters was novelist Flannery O'Connor .

neg: The Wachowskis Lana Wachowski ( formerly Laurence `` Larry '' Wachowski , born June 21 , 1965 ) and Lilly Wachowski ( formerly Andrew Paul `` Andy '' Wachowski , born December 29 , 1967 ) are American film directors , screenwriters , and producers . They are siblings , and are both trans women . Collectively known as The Wachowskis and formerly as The Wachowski Brothers , the pair made their directing debut in 1996 with Bound , and reached fame with their second film The Matrix ( 1999 ) , a major box office success for which they won the Saturn Award for Best Director . They wrote and directed its two sequels : The Matrix Reloaded and The Matrix Revolutions ( both in 2003 ) , and were deeply involved in the writing and production of other works in the franchise .   Following the commercial success of The Matrix series , they wrote and produced the 2006 film V for Vendetta ( an adaptation of the comic of the same name by Alan Moore ) , and in 2008 released the film Speed Racer , which was a live-action adaptation of the Japanese anime series of the same name . Their next film , Cloud Atlas , based on the novel of the same name by David Mitchell and co-written and co-directed by Tom Tykwer , was released in 2012 . Their film Jupiter Ascending and the Netflix series Sense8 both debuted in 2015 .   The siblings have worked as a writing and directing unit throughout their professional film careers from Bound through the first season of Sense8 . Following her gender transition , Lilly Wachowski took a break from active writing and directing ; Lana worked on the second season of Sense8 without her .

neg: Danny Strong Daniel W. `` Danny '' Strong ( born June 6 , 1974 ) is an American actor , screenwriter , and producer . As an actor , Strong is best known for his roles as Jonathan Levinson in Buffy the Vampire Slayer and Doyle McMaster in Gilmore Girls . He also wrote the screenplays for Recount , the HBO adaptation Game Change , Lee Daniels ' The Butler , and the two-part finale of The Hunger Games film trilogy , Mockingjay -- Part 1 and Mockingjay -- Part 2 . Strong also is a co-creator , executive producer , and writer for the Fox series Empire .   Strong has won two Emmy Awards , two Writers Guild of America Awards , a Producers Guild of America Award , and a NAACP Image Award .

neg: Darby McDevitt Darby Christopher McDevitt is a creative scriptwriter and lead writer of Assassin 's Creed at Ubisoft Montreal . He was educated in Bellingham and Dublin and lived in Seattle , Washington briefly .   With a diverse professional profile spanning more than a decade , he has worked as a writer , film maker , musician , and game designer . As an employee of Ubisoft , McDevitt has been the script writer for both the story and dialogue in Assassin 's Creed : Bloodlines , Assassin 's Creed II : Discovery , Assassin 's Creed : Embers and Assassin 's Creed Unity , as well as was the lead writer for Assassin 's Creed : Revelations and Assassin 's Creed IV : Black Flag . In 2014 , Darby was nominated for a Writers Guild of America Award for his work in Black Flag . Darby is also recognized as a spokesperson for Ubisoft in regards to the Assassin 's Creed franchise .

neg: Wendey Stanzler Wendey Stanzler is an American film editor and television director .   She was co-editor and associate producer of Michael Moore 's documentary Roger & Me , in 1989 . She also co-edited Moore 's only fiction film , Canadian Bacon ( 1993 ) . Stanzler was hired as an editor for Sex and the City and went on to be a guest director during the final season of the series . Stanzler has also edited for the series , Ed and Now and Again and the romantic comedy film Gray Matters ( 2007 ) , directed by Sue Kramer , starring Heather Graham , Tom Cavanagh and Bridget Moynahan .   She has directed several episodes of Grey 's Anatomy , Desperate Housewives , The Middle and Ugly Betty , all on ABC as well as The Vampire Diaries , Pretty Little Liars , Parks and Recreation and among other series . Stanzler was producer and director on the first season of the CW series 90210 in 2008-2009 . In 2011 , she directed the pilot episode of the ABC Family series The Nine Lives of Chloe King . In 2015 , she began directing episodes of You 're the Worst in its second season and in the third season , she became a co-executive producer and directed the season 's episodes along with creator Stephen Falk .   She won the American Cinema Editors ' Eddie Award twice : in 2004 for the Sex in the City episode `` American Girl in Paris , part 2 '' and in 1990 for Roger and Me .   In 2003 and 2004 , Stanzler was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for her editing work on Sex and the City .

neg: Geoff Johns Geoff Johns ( born January 25 , 1973 ) is an American comic book and television writer , film producer , and television producer . He is the president and Chief Creative Officer at DC Comics ; he has served in the latter position since 2010 . His most notable work in different media has used the DC Comics characters Green Lantern , Aquaman , Flash , and Superman . He is well known for his work on The WB/The CW 's Smallville , Arrow and The Flash .   He is also a comic book retailer who co-owns Earth-2 Comics in Northridge , California with Carr D'Angelo and Jud Meyers .

neg: Kevin Gutzman Kevin R. Constantine Gutzman ( born May , 20 , 1963 ) is an American constitutional scholar and historian . He is Professor of History at Western Connecticut State University .   Gutzman holds a B.A. from the University of Texas ( 1985 ) ; a J.D. from the University of Texas School of Law , ( 1990 ) , a Master of Public Affairs from the LBJ School of Public Affairs , University of Texas ( 1990 ) , and an M.A. ( 1994 ) and the PhD ( 1999 ) in history from the University of Virginia .   In addition to scholarly articles , Gutzman has written scholarly books including , Virginia 's American Revolution : From Dominion to Republic , 1776-1840 in which he argues that it was the intense commitment of politically active Virginians that led them not only to break away from Britain , but to then produce the first state constitution based on a bill of rights . He further argued that the Virginians who ratified the United States Constitution in 1788 understood it as a revocable agreement entered into by 13 sovereign states .   Gutzman 's work for a popular audience include The Politically Incorrect Guide to the Constitution , which was named one of the `` Top Ten Conservative Books of 2007 '' by Human Events , and Who Killed the Constitution ?

neg: Hollywood blacklist The Hollywood blacklist -- as the broader entertainment industry blacklist is generally known -- was the practice of denying employment to screenwriters , actors , directors , musicians , and other American entertainment professionals during the mid-20th century because they were accused of having Communist ties or sympathies . Artists were barred from work on the basis of their alleged membership in or sympathy with the Communist Party USA or refusal to assist investigations into the party 's activities . Even during the period of its strictest enforcement , the late 1940s through the late 1950s , the blacklist was rarely made explicit or verifiable , but it directly damaged the careers of scores of individuals working in the film industry .   The first systematic Hollywood blacklist was instituted on November 25 , 1947 , the day after ten writers and directors were cited for contempt of Congress for refusing to testify to the House Un-American Activities Committee . A group of studio executives , acting under the aegis of the Association of Motion Picture Producers , fired the artists -- the so-called Hollywood Ten -- and made what has become known as the Waldorf Statement .   On June 22 , 1950 , a pamphlet entitled Red Channels was published . Focused on the field of broadcasting , it identified 151 entertainment industry professionals in the context of `` Red Fascists and their sympathizers . '' Soon , most of those named , along with a host of other artists , were barred from employment in most of the entertainment field .   The blacklist lasted until 1960 , when Dalton Trumbo , a Communist Party member from 1943 to 1948  and member of the Hollywood Ten , was credited as the screenwriter of the highly successful film Exodus , and later publicly acknowledged by actor Kirk Douglas for writing the screenplay for the movie Spartacus . A number of those blacklisted , however , were still barred from work in their professions for years afterward .

neg: Vince Carlin Vincent A. Carlin is a retired Canadian journalist . He was the ombudsman of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation from January 2006 to December 2010 , serving a five-year term with the Corporation . Carlin has since been succeeded by Mr. Kirk Lapointe .   Carlin was born in the United States . He graduated from Georgetown University 's School of Foreign Service . He began his journalism career in 1965 initially at New York City , then at Washington . In 1970 , he moved to Montreal as Bureau Chief of the Time-Life News Service . In 1973 joined the CBC , first as host of CBC Radio 's Daybreak . Over the years he moved on to various positions in both Radio and Television , at various times serving as Head of Television News , Managing Editor of Radio News and head of the CBC 's 24hour news channel , Newsworld ( now called CBC NewsNet ) .   In the late 90s , he was appointed Associate Professor and Chair of Ryerson University 's School of Journalism , a position he held for 7 years , before returning to the CBC as Ombudsman .   Upon retiring , he launched another career , as a full-time actor , an avocation over many years . Since 2011 , Carlin has appeared in a variety of theatre presentations in the Toronto area , as well as film and TV . He also runs his own theatre production company , Act of Faith Productions ( aofproductions.ca ) ,   He is married to Kathleen Carlin ( née Mackesy ) , PhD who teaches in the Philosophy Department at Ryerson University . They have six children and 14 grandchildren .

neg: Marek Brodzki Marek Brodzki ( born 25 December 1960 ) is a Polish film director and television director . He directed the film and series versions of Wiedźmin aka The Hexer and the series Miasteczko . He has worked as First Assistant Director with top Polish directors Andrzej Wajda and Krzysztof Zanussi and has specialized as a Polish First Assistant Director and Second Unit Director on international productions made in Poland notably including Steven Spielberg 's Schindler 's List and has a long working relationship with German director Volker Schlöndorff . October 2015 he was awarded the Bronze Medal for Merit to Culture -- Gloria Artis .   He is married to Production Manager , Casting Director , First Assistant Director Ewa Brodzka .

neg: Constantine's Sword (film) James Carroll 's Constantine 's Sword , or Constantine 's Sword , is a 2007 historical documentary film on the relationship between the Catholic Church and Jews . Directed and produced by Oscar-nominated filmmaker Oren Jacoby , the film is inspired by former priest James P. Carroll 's 2001 book Constantine 's Sword .

neg: Sergey Trakhimenok Sergey Aleksandrovich Trakhimenok , ( Belarusian : Сяргей Аляксандравіч Трахімёнак , born February 7 , 1950 , in Karasuk Karasuk , Novosibirsk Region ) -- a Belarusian writer , who creates his prose in Russian language , a screenwriter , Doctor of Law , Professor , the Secretary of the The Belarusian Writers ' Union and the Member of the Union of Russian Writers .   Today , he is the author of thirty books of prose published in Minsk , Moscow and Saint Petersburg , the laureate of the `` Gold Cupid '' National Award ( Belarus ) and the `` Reward of the Ural Federal district '' , the active associate of Association of writers of Ural , Siberia and Povolzh ` ya .   According to the philological scientific research of a Russian Professor Alla Bolshakova : Russian-Belarusian writer Sergei Trahimenok belongs to the cohort of those `` marginal '' writers who continue to create works in Russian , despite the difficult process of rebuilding national identity in the former Soviet republics .   Trakhimenok is best known for his spy novel `` Notes of a Black Colonel '' , psychological detective novel `` Burnout Syndrome '' ( 2008 ) and a dashingly twisted detective with mixture of different techniques of fantasy , conspiracy , detective fiction and dystopia `` A Petri Bowl or Russian Civilization : the Genesis and Survival Problems '' ( 2012 ) .  As a screenwriter he is the member of BELVIDEOCENTER .  In 2014 , he was rewarded with the Finalist Certificate at the New York Festivals of World Best TV & Films in competition Television -- Documentary/Information Program in the category Docudrama for his screenplay for the film `` Albert Veinik 's Attraction '' .

neg: Liam (film) Liam is a 2000 British-German film directed by Stephen Frears and written by novelist/screenwriter Jimmy McGovern . McGovern ( perhaps best known as the creator of British TV crime drama Cracker ) adapted Joseph Mckeown 's novel Back Crack Boy into this emotionally raw meditation on innocence and pain . Frears in turn was influenced by James Joyce 's accounts of his stern childhood in late 19th century Catholic Dublin .   Megan Burns won the Marcello Mastroianni Award at the 57th Venice International Film Festival for her performance .

neg: Foundation's Triumph Foundation 's Triumph ( 1999 ) is a science fiction novel by David Brin , set in Isaac Asimov 's Foundation universe . It is the third book of the Second Foundation trilogy , which was written after Asimov 's death by three authors , authorized by the Asimov estate . Brin synthesizes dozens of Foundation-Empire-Robots novels and short stories by Isaac Asimov , Roger MacBride Allen , and authorized others into a consistent framework . Foundation 's Triumph includes an appendix chronology compiled by Attila Torkos .

neg: The Abbot Constantine (1933 film) The Abbot Constantine ( French : L'abbé Constantin ) is a 1933 French comedy film directed by Jean-Paul Paulin and starring Léon Belières , Françoise Rosay and Claude Dauphin.It is based on the novel The Abbot Constantine by Ludovic Halévy . The novel had previously been made into a 1925 silent film of the same title .

neg: Chemical Wedding (film) Chemical Wedding ( released in the U.S. as Crowley ) is a British supernatural horror/science fiction film produced by Bill & Ben Productions in conjunction with the London-based Focus Films . It is directed by Julian Doyle . The story is based on an original screenplay by Bruce Dickinson , frontman of heavy metal band Iron Maiden . Dickinson released a solo album entitled The Chemical Wedding in 1998 , which , despite sharing the title and title track from the film 's soundtrack , is otherwise unrelated .


query: This Sporting Life was directed by an influential person in the Free Cinema movement.

pos: Lindsay Anderson Lindsay Gordon Anderson ( 17 April 1923 -- 30 August 1994 ) was a British feature film , theatre and documentary director , film critic , and leading light of the Free Cinema movement and the British New Wave . He is most widely remembered for his 1968 film if ... , which won the Palme d'Or at Cannes Film Festival and was Malcolm McDowell 's cinematic debut . He is also notable , though not a professional actor , for playing a minor role in the Academy Award winning film Chariots of Fire . Malcolm McDowell produced a 2007 documentary about his experiences with Lindsay Anderson , Never Apologize .

pos: This Sporting Life This Sporting Life is a 1963 British feature film based on the 1960 novel of the same name by David Storey , which won the 1960 Macmillan Fiction Award . It recounts the story of a rugby league footballer , Frank Machin , in Wakefield , a mining area of Yorkshire , whose romantic life is not as successful as his sporting life . Storey , a former professional rugby league footballer , also wrote the screenplay .   The film stars Richard Harris , Rachel Roberts , William Hartnell and Alan Badel . It was directed by Lindsay Anderson . The film was Richard Harris 's first starring role , and won him a Best Actor Award at the 1963 Cannes Film Festival . He was also nominated for an Oscar for Best Actor in a Leading Role . Rachel Roberts won her second BAFTA award for This Sporting Life and an Oscar nomination for best actress . Harris was nominated for the BAFTA that year as well . The film opened at the Odeon Leicester Square in London 's West End on 7 February 1963 .

neg: D. W. Griffith David Wark Griffith ( January 22 , 1875 -- July 23 , 1948 ) was an American director , writer , and producer who pioneered modern filmmaking techniques .   Griffith is best remembered for The Birth of a Nation ( 1915 ) and Intolerance ( 1916 ) . The Birth of a Nation made use of advanced camera and narrative techniques , and its popularity set the stage for the dominance of the feature-length film in the United States . Since its release , the film has sparked significant controversy surrounding race in the United States , focusing on its negative depiction of African Americans and its glorification of the Ku Klux Klan . Today , it is both noted for its radical technique and condemned for its inherently racist philosophy . The film was subject to boycotts by the NAACP and , after screenings of the film had caused riots at several theaters , the film was censored in many cities , including New York City . Intolerance , his next film , was , in part , an answer to his critics .   Several of Griffith 's later films , including Broken Blossoms ( 1919 ) , Way Down East ( 1920 ) , and Orphans of the Storm ( 1921 ) , were also successful , but his high production , promotional , and roadshow costs often made his ventures commercial failures . By the time of his final feature , The Struggle ( 1931 ) , he had made roughly 500 films .   Griffith is one of the founders of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences and widely considered among the most important figures in the history of cinema . He is credited with popularizing the use of the close-up shot .

neg: Histoire(s) du cinéma Histoire ( s ) du cinéma ( -LSB- is.twaʁ dy si.ne.ma -RSB- ) is an 8-part video project begun by Jean-Luc Godard in the late 1980s and completed in 1998 . The longest , at 266 minutes , and one of the most complex of Godard 's films , Histoire ( s ) du cinéma is an examination of the history of the concept of cinema and how it relates to the 20th century ; in this sense , it can also be considered a critique of the 20th century and how it perceives itself . The project is considered by many the most important work of the late period of Godard 's career .   Histoire ( s ) du cinéma is always referred to by its French title , because of the word play it implies : histoire means both `` history '' and `` story , '' and the s in parentheses gives the possibility of a plural . Therefore , the phrase Histoire ( s ) du cinéma simultaneously means The History of Cinema , Histories of Cinema , The Story of Cinema and Stories of Cinema . Similar double or triple meanings , as well as puns , are a recurring motif throughout Histoire ( s ) and much of Godard 's work .   The film was screened out of competition at the 1988 Cannes Film Festival . Nine years later , it was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1997 Festival .   The soundtrack was released as a 5-CD boxed set on the ECM record label .

neg: Games '74 Games '74 is a 1974 New Zealand -- made documentary film of the 1974 British Commonwealth Games , held in Christchurch , New Zealand from 24 January to 2 February 1974 . The full title was Games ' 74 : Official Film of the Xth British Commonwealth Games , Christchurch , New Zealand , 1974 .   The feature-length documentary in colour and on 35 mm was shot and processed by the New Zealand National Film Unit ( NFU ) . The directors became prominent in New Zealand film-making in the next two decades , and one of the location assistants , one Sam Neill , went on to an international career .   The spectator 's - eye camera avoids camera comment . The prime targets are track events , then field events , with `` elephantine drama '' from the male weightlifters and shots of the marathon which go outside the stadium . There is a surprisingly ( for the time ) gender-balanced and apolitical narrative which underlines the humanity of the competitors as much as it shows the drama of success and failure '' according to Sam Edwards , although `` woman 's events receive scant coverage '' . Divers are captured in slow motion , and a `` series of high jumpers , using similar techniques to cross the bar are edited in collapsed sequence , reminding viewers of salmon exploding up a waterfall '' .   The film has been restored and is available on DVD .

neg: The Temptations of Jean-Claude Killy `` The Temptations of Jean-Claude Killy '' is an article published in the premiere issue of Scanlan 's Monthly in March 1970 , written by Hunter S. Thompson .   The subject of the article is Jean-Claude Killy , the alpine skiing champion who , in the 1968 Winter Olympics , became the second alpine skier ever to win three gold medals in a single olympic games . By the time of the article Killy , then 26 , was retired from skiing and had embarked on the next phase of his career -- endorsements .   Thompson 's article follows Killy around the United States during his marketing tour for the Chevrolet automotive company . As he attends automotive shows , holds press conferences , and makes appearances for television ( all in conjunction with fellow Chevrolet spokesman , O.J. Simpson ) Thompson chronicles the newly flush world of celebrity sports endorsements . Though endorsement by a sports figure was not an entirely new concept , the world-wide magnitude of Killy 's stardom made his Chevrolet contract something of a fascination for Thompson .   The article 's focus on the relative depths of the new pitch-man status obtained by Killy so shortly after the incredible heights he had achieved develops through acerbic descriptions of the settings Killy finds himself in , the automotive executives that profit by him , and the fans and onlookers who make him such a valuable spokesman . Through it all , Killy 's focus on his own enormous profit is a source of worry to Thompson . The trend he sees developing is one of larger-than-life stars -- athletes of the highest physical standards who have achieved feats unimaginable by normal people -- demeaning themselves and their accomplishments by agreeing to shill for a few extra dollars . An enormous sports fan himself , Thompson is distraught by this turn of events and wonders that Killy was never quite sure `` why I was embarrassed for him in those scenes . ''   Thompson compares Killy to F. Scott Fitzgerald 's Gatsby : although , unlike that character , Killy 's dollars are earned honestly , the author concludes while watching Killy 's selling of himself that `` nothing in his narrow , high-powered experience can allow him to understand how I can watch his act and say that it looks , to me , like a very hard dollar -- maybe the hardest . ''   The article was later included in Thompson 's collection The Great Shark Hunt ( 1979 ) .

neg: Free Cinema Free Cinema was a documentary film movement that emerged in the United Kingdom in the mid-1950s . The term referred to an absence of propagandised intent or deliberate box office appeal . Co-founded by Lindsay Anderson , though he later disdained the ` movement ' tag , with Karel Reisz , Tony Richardson and Lorenza Mazzetti . The movement began with a programme of three short films at the National Film Theatre , London , on 5 February 1956 . The programme was such a success that five more programmes appeared under the Free Cinema banner before the founders decided to end the series . The last event was held in March 1959 . Three of the screenings consisted of work from overseas film makers .

neg: Maradona by Kusturica Maradona by Kusturica is a documentary on the life of Argentine footballer Diego Maradona , directed by the award-winning Serbian filmmaker Emir Kusturica . The documentary premiered at the Cannes Film Festival 2008 .

neg: Wim Wenders Ernst Wilhelm `` Wim '' Wenders ( -LSB- vɪm vɛndɐs -RSB- ; born 14 August 1945 ) is a German filmmaker , playwright , author , photographer , and a major figure in New German Cinema . Among many honors , he has received three nominations for the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature : for Buena Vista Social Club ( 1999 ) , about Cuban music culture , Pina ( 2011 ) , about the contemporary dance choreographer Pina Bausch , and The Salt of the Earth ( 2014 ) , about Brazilian photographer Sebastião Salgado .   One of Wenders ' earliest honors was a win for the BAFTA Award for Best Direction for his narrative drama Paris , Texas ( 1984 ) , which also won the Palme d'Or at the 1984 Cannes Film Festival . Many of his subsequent films have also been recognized at Cannes , including Wings of Desire ( 1987 ) , for which Wenders won the Best Director Award at the 1987 Cannes Film Festival .   Wenders has been the president of the European Film Academy in Berlin since 1996 . Alongside filmmaking , he is an active photographer , emphasizing images of desolate landscapes . He is considered to be an auteur director .

neg: Life for Lives Life for Lives is a documentary film on the life and vocation of Kannan. , a forest watcher at the Periyar Tiger Reserve in Kerala . Kannan has been working at the reserve for over 35 years and he is a vital cog in the Forest Department 's conservation efforts . The film is a journey along with Kannan 's route to his designated station in the forest showcasing this man 's passion and commitment towards wildlife conservation . Kannan 's passion towards wildlife conservation has attracted and inspired nature lovers across the globe and he enjoys the friendship of many celebrated naturalists and nature photographers .

neg: Louis Delluc Louis Delluc ( -LSB- dɛlyk -RSB- ; 14 October 1890 -- 22 March 1924 ) was an Impressionist French film director , screen writer and film critic .

neg: List of Australian sports films This is a compilation of Australian films in the genre covering sports activities . Films may cover issues in sport as World Series Cricket , 1968 Olympics Black Power salute , personalities Dawn Fraser and Phar Lap , sporting events and tours and satire . Films provide an insight into the importance of sport into Australian society . Films include fictional and non-fictional stories .

neg: Christian Schocher Christian Schocher ( born 1946 ) is a Swiss independent filmmaker and cinema operator best known for his monumental odyssey Reisender Krieger ( Travelling salesman Krieger or Travelling Warrior , 1981 ) .

neg: Brighton School (filmmaking) Brighton School ( fr. : L'école de Brighton ) was a loosely associated group of pioneering filmmakers active in the Brighton and Hove area of England from 1896 to 1910 . The core membership of the group consists of filmmakers George Albert Smith , James Williamson and Esmé Collings as well as engineer Alfred Darling ; other names associated with the group include Collings ' former business partner William Friese-Greene and the group 's London-based distributor Charles Urban . The term was coined by French film historian Georges Sadoul in an article that was translated and re-published in pamphlet form as British Creators of Film Technique by the British Film Institute in 1948 .

neg: Antonin Artaud Antoine Marie Joseph Artaud , better known as Antonin Artaud ( -LSB- aʁto -RSB- ; 4 September 1896 -- 4 March 1948 ) , was a French dramatist , poet , essayist , actor , and theatre director , widely recognized as one of the major figures of twentieth-century theatre and the European avant-garde .

neg: Jean-Luc Godard Jean-Luc Godard ( -LSB- ʒɑ̃lyk ɡɔdaʁ -RSB- ; born 3 December 1930 ) is a French-Swiss film director , screenwriter and film critic . He is often identified with the 1960s French film movement La Nouvelle Vague , or `` New Wave '' .   Like his New Wave contemporaries , Godard criticized mainstream French cinema 's `` Tradition of Quality '' , which `` emphasized craft over innovation , privileged established directors over new directors , and preferred the great works of the past to experimentation . '' As a result of such argument , he and like-minded critics started to make their own films . Many of Godard 's films challenge the conventions of traditional Hollywood in addition to French cinema . He is often considered the most radical French filmmaker of the 1960s and 1970s ; his approach in film conventions , politics and philosophies made him arguably the most influential director of the French New Wave . Along with showing knowledge of film history through homages and references , several of his films expressed his political views ; he was an avid reader of existential and Marxist philosophy .   Since the New Wave , his politics have been much less radical and his recent films are about representation and human conflict from a humanist , and a Marxist perspective .   In a 2002 Sight & Sound poll , Godard ranked third in the critics ' top-ten directors of all time ( which was put together by assembling the directors of the individual films for which the critics voted ) . He is said to have `` created one of the largest bodies of critical analysis of any filmmaker since the mid-twentieth century . '' He and his work have been central to narrative theory and have `` challenged both commercial narrative cinema norms and film criticism 's vocabulary . '' In 2010 , Godard was awarded an Academy Honorary Award , but did not attend the award ceremony .  Godard 's films have inspired many directors including Martin Scorsese , Quentin Tarantino , Brian De Palma , Steven Soderbergh , D. A. Pennebaker , Robert Altman , Jim Jarmusch , Wong Kar-wai , Wim Wenders , Bernardo Bertolucci , and Pier Paolo Pasolini .

neg: Lessons of a Dream Lessons of a Dream ( Der ganz große Traum ) is a German drama film directed by Sebastian Grobler , loosely based on the life of German football pioneer Konrad Koch in the late 19th-century . In the film , Koch is one of the first English teachers in the German Empire , in Braunschweig . He introduces his students to the new sport of football , completely unknown outside of England at the time , to get them interested in English culture and the English language . Koch 's liberal teaching methods upset his conservative colleagues , the student 's parents , and local dignitaries .

neg: Georges Méliès filmography Georges Méliès ( 1861 -- 1938 ) was a French filmmaker and magician generally regarded as the first person to recognize the potential of narrative film . He made about 520 films between 1896 and 1912 , covering a range of genres including trick films , fantasies , comedies , advertisements , satires , costume dramas , literary adaptations , erotic films , melodramas , and imaginary voyages . His works are often considered as important precursors to further developments in modern narrative cinema , though some recent academicians have argued that Méliès 's films are better understood as spectacular theatrical creations rooted in the 19th-century féerie tradition .   After attending the first demonstration of the Lumière Brothers ' Kinetoscope in December 1895 , he bought a film projector from the British film experimenter Robert W. Paul and began using it to project short films at his theater of illusions , the Théâtre Robert-Houdin , in Paris . Having studied the principles on which Paul 's projector ran , Méliès was able to modify the machine so that it could be used as a makeshift camera . He began making his own short films with it in May 1896 , founded the Star Film Company in the same year , and built his own studio in Montreuil , Seine-Saint-Denis in 1897 . His films A Trip to the Moon ( 1902 ) , The Kingdom of the Fairies ( 1903 ) , and The Impossible Voyage ( 1904 ) were among the most popular films of the first few years of the twentieth century , and Méliès built a second studio , complete with artificial light fittings , in 1907 . However , various factors ( American film piracy , price standardizations prescribed in 1908 by the Motion Picture Patents Company , and the waning popularity of fanciful magic films chief among them ) led eventually to Méliès 's financial ruin and the closing of his studio . His last films were made under the supervision of the rival filmmaker Charles Pathé , and in 1922 -- 23 Méliès sold his studios , closed the Théâtre Robert-Houdin , and discarded his own collection of his negative and positive prints . In 1925 he began selling toys and candy from a stand in the Gare Montparnasse in Paris . Thanks to the efforts of film history devotées , especially René Clair , Jean George Auriol , and Paul Gilson , Méliès and his work were rediscovered in the late 1920s , and he was awarded the Legion of Honor in 1931 .   In the list below , Méliès 's films are numbered according to their order in the catalogues of the Star Film Company . In Méliès 's numbering system , films were listed and numbered according to their order of production , and each catalogue number denotes about 20 meters of film ( thus , for example , A Trip to the Moon , at about 260 meters long , is listed as # 399 -- 411 ) . The original French release titles , as well as the original titles used in the US and UK versions of the Star Film catalogues , are listed in the body of the filmography ; notable variant titles are provided in smaller text . The parenthetical descriptive subtitles used in the catalogues ( e.g. scène comique ) are also provided whenever possible . Films directed by Méliès but not originally released by the Star Film Company ( such as The Coronation of Edward VII , released by Charles Urban , or The Conquest of the Pole , released by Pathé Frères ) are also included . Where available , the list also includes information on whether each film survives , survives in fragmentary form , or is presumed lost . Unless otherwise referenced , the information presented here is derived from the 2008 filmography prepared by Jacques Malthête , augmented by filmographies prepared in the 1970s by Paul Hammond and John Frazer .

neg: Association football culture Association football culture refers to the cultural aspects surrounding the game of association football . In many countries , football has ingrained itself into the national culture , and parts of life may revolve around it . Many countries have daily football newspapers , as well as football magazines . Football players , especially in the top levels of the game , have become role models for people . The FIFA World Cup held every four years is the quintessential football event , combining the greatest players in the world and the passion of the fans . Football has a long and glorious history , with which a vast and diverse culture has emerged . The culture of football can be easily divided into how the players , fans and clubs see the sport .

neg: Life Itself (film) Life Itself is a 2014 American biographical documentary film about film critic Roger Ebert , directed by Steve James and produced by Zak Piper , Steve James and Garrett Basch . The film is based on Ebert 's 2011 memoir of the same name . It premiered at the 2014 Sundance Film Festival and was an official selection at the 67th Cannes Film Festival . The 41st Telluride Film Festival hosted a special screening of the film on August 28 , 2014 . Magnolia Pictures released the film theatrically in the United States and simultaneously via video on demand platforms on July 4 , 2014 .   On December 2 , 2014 , the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences announced that the film was 1 of 15 films shortlisted in the Documentary Feature category for the 87th Academy Awards , but it was not nominated . It was also nominated for two News & Documentary Emmy Awards , winning the award for Outstanding Editing : Documentary & Long-Form .

neg: Cine Foundation International Cine Foundation International is London-based non-profit film company and human rights NGO `` aiming to 'em power open consciousness through cinema ' '' . The foundation was formed in December 2010 by American filmmaker Jesse Richards , founder of the Remodernist film movement , South Korean film critic Blue Un Sok Kim and Tobias Morgan , formerly the developer of `` The Garage '' on Mubi .   On 3 January 2011 , CFI announced their launch of a campaign of protest films and public actions calling for the release of imprisoned Iranian filmmaker Jafar Panahi . `` The campaign will include protest films that speak to human rights issues in Iran and throughout the world , six of which are commissioned feature-length , plus twenty shorts . Participating filmmakers may act anonymously or through pseudonyms since voicing their stories can be dangerous . The films , which will address themes of nation , identity , self , spiritual culture , censorship and imprisonment , will be aimed for public , web and various exhibition media '' . In January 2011 , filmmakers Béla Tarr and Lav Diaz joined the foundation 's Board of Directors , and in February Fred Kelemen joined the Board of Directors .   Also in January 2011 , CFI deployed a video protest mechanism called WHITE MEADOWS ( named for the Mohammad Rasoulof film of the same title ) and developed by Ericson deJesus ( of Yahoo! and frog design ) at the request of the foundation . The video mechanism `` allow ( s ) anyone in the world to record a short video statement about Panahi and Rasoulof . There will be an ESCAPE button at top , allowing quick exit for those in countries where recording a statement would be dangerous . There will be an option to have the screen black , and soon , voice distortion . The video statements will be recorded as mp4s , giving them maximum transmedia capacity , which essentially makes them broadcastable from any device that can show video '' . Users can also use the mechanism to comment on how they would `` like to see as an international response by the film industry '' , comment on the state of human rights in general , or to `` report a human rights abuse to the world '' .   Late in 2011 , CFI launched #OccupyCinema , an ongoing collective project in collaboration with the global Occupy movement . The project encompasses `` public space projections onto buildings or other public surfaces -- broadcasting films , video documents or live feeds , with the intention of decentralising traditional broadcast monopolies and information power structures where these interfere with freedom of speech or otherwise compel human beings to surrender to the agendas of ethically bankrupt regimes . '' On November 1 , #OccupyCinema will launch public displays of films in New York City , Dallas , Kansas , London and Paris , with more to follow over the next week .   Tobias Morgan resigned as Chair in Autumn 2011 , having been commissioned to make a Cine Foundation International feature film dedicated to the Iranian film producer Katayoun Shahabi . Jesse Richards resigned in 2012 , and Blue Un Sok Kim took the Chair .   Category : International human rights organizations  Category : Organisations based in the United Kingdom  Category : Arts organisations based in the United Kingdom  Category : Film organisations in the United Kingdom

neg: Life imitating art Anti-mimesis is a philosophical position that holds the direct opposite of Aristotelian mimesis . Its most notable proponent is Oscar Wilde , who opined in his 1889 essay The Decay of Lying that , `` Life imitates Art far more than Art imitates Life '' . In the essay , written as a Platonic dialogue , Wilde holds that anti-mimesis `` results not merely from Life 's imitative instinct , but from the fact that the self-conscious aim of Life is to find expression , and that Art offers it certain beautiful forms through which it may realise that energy . '' .   What is found in life and nature is not what is really there , but is that which artists have taught people to find there , through art . As in an example posited by Wilde , although there has been fog in London for centuries , one notices the beauty and wonder of the fog because `` poets and painters have taught the loveliness of such effects ... They did not exist till Art had invented them . '' .   McGrath places the antimimetic philosophy in a tradition of Irish writing , including Wilde and writers such as Synge and Joyce in a group that `` elevate blarney ( in the form of linguistic idealism ) to aesthetic and philosophical distinction '' , noting that Terry Eagleton observes an even longer tradition that stretches `` as far back in Irish thought as the ninth-century theology of John Scottus Eriugena '' and `` the fantastic hyperbole of the ancient sagas '' . Wilde 's antimimetic idealism , specifically , McGrath describes to be part of the late nineteenth century debate between Romanticism and Realism . Wilde 's antimimetic philosophy has also had influence on later Irish writers , including Brian Friel .   Halliwell asserts that the idea that life imitates art derives from classical notions that can be traced as far back as the writings of Aristophanes of Byzantium , and does not negate mimesis but rather `` displace -LSB- s -RSB- its purpose onto the artlike fashioning of life itself '' . Halliwell draws a parallel between Wilde 's philosophy and Aristophanes ' famous question about the comedies written by Menander : `` O Menander and Life ! Which of you took the other as your model ? '' , noting , however , that Aristophanes was a precursor to Wilde , and not necessarily espousing the positions that Wilde was later to propound .   In George Bernard Shaw 's preface to Three Plays he wrote , `` I have noticed that when a certain type of feature appears in painting and is admired as beautiful , it presently becomes common in nature ; so that the Beatrices and Francescas in the picture galleries of one generation come to life as the parlor-maids and waitresses of the next . '' He stated that he created the aristocratic characters in Cashel Byron 's Profession as unrealistically priggish even without his later understanding that `` the real world does not exist ... men and women are made by their own fancies in the image of the imaginary creatures in my youthful fictions , only much stupider . '' Shaw , however , disagreed with Wilde on some points . He considered most attempts by life to imitate art to be reprehensible , in part because the art that people generally chose to imitate was idealistic and romanticized .   An example of life imitating art is that of singer/actress Miley Cyrus , whose role as the famous fictional popstar Hannah Montana in the Disney Channel sitcom of the same name gave rise to her own singing career . Hannah 's fictional popularity translated into a real-life fan-base for Cyrus as several singles credited to the character charted on the Billboard Hot 100 ( including `` The Best of Both Worlds '' , `` Life 's What You Make It '' , `` He Could Be the One '' , etc , though all of the songs were performed by Cyrus ) and when she embarked on her sold-out Best of Both Worlds Tour in 2007 , where she performed the first set of songs as Hannah Montana and the second set as herself . Cyrus ' song `` The Climb '' was the first song , credited to herself instead of the character , from an official Hannah Montana soundtrack album to become a hit single ( peaking at # 4 on the Billboard charts , making it her `` crossover song '' into mainstream pop , while Hoedown Throwdown ( off the same soundtrack album ) was her first Top 10 . Cyrus also performed several duets on the show while in-character as Hannah with real-life singers such as Sheryl Crow , David Archuleta , The Jonas Brothers , Iyaz and her real-life father Billy Ray Cyrus , as well as an unofficial duet with her real-life godmother country singer Dolly Parton .


query: Five Academy Awards were won by Braveheart.

pos: Braveheart Braveheart is a 1995 American epic war film directed by and starring Mel Gibson . Gibson portrays William Wallace , a 13th-century Scottish warrior who led the Scots in the First War of Scottish Independence against King Edward I of England . The story is inspired by Blind Harry 's epic poem The Actes and Deidis of the Illustre and Vallyeant Campioun Schir William Wallace and was adapted for the screen by Randall Wallace .   The film was nominated for ten Academy Awards at the 68th Academy Awards and won five : Best Picture , Best Director , Best Cinematography , Best Makeup , and Best Sound Editing .

neg: List of film awards This is a list of groups , organizations and festivals that recognize achievements in cinema , usually by awarding various prizes . The awards sometimes also have popular unofficial names ( such as the ` Oscar ' for Hollywood 's Academy Awards ) , which are mentioned if applicable . Many awards are simply identified by the name of the group presenting the award .   Awards have been divided into four major categories : Critics ' Awards , voted on ( usually annually ) by a group of critics ; Festival Awards , awards presented to the best film shown in a particular film festival ; Industry Awards , which are selected by professionals working in some branch of the movie industry ; and Audience Awards , which are voted by the general public .

neg: 5th Screen Actors Guild Awards The 5th Screen Actors Guild Awards , given on March 7 , 1999 , honored the best screen actors of 1998 .

neg: Goodfellas Goodfellas ( stylized as GoodFellas ) is a 1990 American crime film directed by Martin Scorsese . It is an adaptation of the 1986 non-fiction book Wiseguy by Nicholas Pileggi , who co-wrote the screenplay with Scorsese . The film narrates the rise and fall of mob associate Henry Hill and his friends over a period from 1955 to 1980 .   Scorsese initially named the film Wise Guy and postponed making it ; later , he and Pileggi changed the name to Goodfellas . To prepare for their roles in the film , Robert De Niro , Joe Pesci , and Ray Liotta often spoke with Pileggi , who shared research material left over from writing the book . According to Pesci , improvisation and ad-libbing came out of rehearsals wherein Scorsese gave the actors freedom to do whatever they wanted . The director made transcripts of these sessions , took the lines he liked best , and put them into a revised script , which the cast worked from during principal photography .   Made on a budget of $ 25 million , Goodfellas grossed $ 46.8 million . It received positive reviews from critics and was nominated for six Academy Awards , including Best Picture and Best Director , with Pesci winning Best Actor in a Supporting Role . The film won five awards from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts , including Best Film and Best Director . Additionally , Goodfellas was named the year 's best film by various critics ' groups .   Goodfellas is widely regarded as one of the greatest films in the crime genre . In 2000 , it was deemed `` culturally , historically , and aesthetically significant '' and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry by the United States Library of Congress . Its content and style have been emulated in numerous other films and television shows .

neg: Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards 2014 The 20th Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards honoring the best in film for 2014 were announced on December 15 , 2014 . These awards `` recognizing extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association ( DFWFCA ) , based in the Dallas -- Fort Worth metroplex region of Texas . The organization , founded in 1990 , includes 30 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications based in north Texas . The Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association began presenting its annual awards list in 1993 .   Birdman was the DFWFCA 's most awarded film of 2014 , taking five top honors . Birdman won in Best Picture , Best Actor ( Michael Keaton ) , Best Director ( Alejandro G. Iñárritu ) , Best Cinematography ( Emmanuel Lubezki ) , and Best Screenplay ( Alejandro G. Iñárritu , Nicolás Giacobone , Alexander Dinelaris Jr. , and Armando Bo ) .   Another film , Boyhood , earned multiple 2014 honors from the DFWFCA . The coming-of-age tale received top honors in the Best Supporting Actress ( Patricia Arquette ) as well as being presented the Russell Smith Award as the `` best low-budget or cutting-edge independent film '' of the year . The award is named in honor of late Dallas Morning News film critic Russell Smith . Reese Witherspoon was named Best Actress for her role as Cheryl Strayed in Wild . The other films earning honors were Sweden 's Force Majeure for Best Foreign Language Film , Citizenfour as Best Documentary Film , and The Lego Movie for Best Animated Film .

neg: Academy Award for Best Animated Feature The Academy Awards are given each year by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS or the Academy ) for the best films and achievements of the previous year . The Academy Award for Best Animated Feature is given each year for animated films . An animated feature is defined by the Academy as a film with a running time of more than 40 minutes in which characters ' performances are created using a frame-by-frame technique , a significant number of the major characters are animated , and animation figures in no less than 75 percent of the running time . The Academy Award for Best Animated Feature was first given for films made in 2001 .   Through the 89th Academy Awards , presented in 2017 , Academy Award nominations in this category were made by the Academy 's animation section ; effective with the 2018 awards , all Academy members will be eligible to vote on nominations . The entire AMPAS membership has been eligible to choose the winner since the award 's inception . If there are sixteen or more films submitted for the category , the winner is voted from a shortlist of five films , which has happened six times , otherwise there will only be three films on the shortlist . Additionally , eight eligible animated features must have been theatrically released in Los Angeles County within the calendar year for this category to be activated .   Animated films can be nominated for other categories , but have rarely been so ; Beauty and the Beast ( 1991 ) was the first animated film ever nominated for Best Picture . Up ( 2009 ) and Toy Story 3 ( 2010 ) also received Best Picture nominations after the Academy expanded the number of nominees .   Waltz with Bashir ( 2008 ) is the only animated film ever nominated for Best Foreign Language Film ( though it did not receive a nomination for Best Animated Feature ) . The Nightmare Before Christmas ( 1993 ) and Kubo and the Two Strings ( 2016 ) are the only two animated films to ever be nominated for Best Visual Effects .

neg: Hugo (film) Hugo is a 2011 historical adventure drama film directed and co-produced by Martin Scorsese and adapted for the screen by John Logan . Based on Brian Selznick 's book The Invention of Hugo Cabret , it is about a boy who lives alone in the Gare Montparnasse railway station in Paris in the 1930s . A co-production between Graham King 's GK Films and Johnny Depp 's Infinitum Nihil , the film stars Ben Kingsley , Sacha Baron Cohen , Asa Butterfield , Chloë Grace Moretz , Ray Winstone , Emily Mortimer , Jude Law , Helen McCrory , and Christopher Lee .   Hugo is Scorsese 's first film shot in 3D , of which the filmmaker remarked : `` I found 3D to be really interesting , because the actors were more upfront emotionally . Their slightest move , their slightest intention is picked up much more precisely . '' The film was released in the United States on November 23 , 2011 .   When it was released , Hugo received critical acclaim and received 11 Academy Award nominations ( including Best Picture ) , more than any other film that year , and won five awards : Best Cinematography , Best Art Direction , Best Sound Mixing , Best Sound Editing and Best Visual Effects . It was also nominated for eight BAFTAs , winning two , and was nominated for three Golden Globe awards , earning Scorsese his third Golden Globe Award for Best Director . The film grossed $ 185 million against a budget of $ 150 -- $ 170 million .

neg: 78th Academy Awards The 78th Academy Awards ceremony , presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS ) , took place on March 5 , 2006 , at the Kodak Theatre in Hollywood , Los Angeles beginning at 5:00 p.m. PST / 8:00 p.m. EST. . The ceremony was scheduled one week later than usual to avoid conflicting with the 2006 Winter Olympics . During the ceremony , AMPAS presented Academy Awards ( commonly referred to as Oscars ) in 24 categories honoring films released in 2005 . The ceremony , televised in the United States by ABC , was produced by Gil Cates and directed by Louis J. Horvitz . Actor Jon Stewart hosted the show for the first time . Two weeks earlier in a ceremony at The Beverly Hilton in Beverly Hills , California held on February 18 , the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Rachel McAdams .   Crash won three awards including Academy Award for Best Picture . Other winners included Brokeback Mountain , King Kong , and Memoirs of a Geisha also with three awards apiece , and Capote , The Chronicles of Narnia : The Lion , the Witch and the Wardrobe , The Constant Gardener , Hustle and Flow , March of the Penguins , The Moon and the Son : An Imagined Conversation , A Note of Triumph : The Golden Age of Norman Corwin , Six Shooter , Syriana , Tsotsi , Walk the Line , and Wallace & Gromit : The Curse of the Were-Rabbit with one each . The telecast garnered nearly 39 million viewers in the United States .

neg: David E. Campbell (sound engineer) David E. Campbell is an American sound engineer . He won an Academy Award for Best Sound and has been nominated for five more in the same category . He has worked on over 160 films since 1977 .

neg: 15th Academy Awards The 15th Academy Awards was held in the Cocoanut Grove at The Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles . Best Picture honors went to the film Mrs. Miniver . The ceremony is most famous for the speech by the film 's Oscar-winning actress Greer Garson . Garson 's acceptance speech as Best Actress ran nearly 6 minutes and is generally considered to be the longest acceptance speech at an Academy Awards ceremony .   Mrs. Miniver was the second film ( after My Man Godfrey in 1936 ) to receive nominations in all four acting categories , as well as the first film to garner five acting nominations .   Also notable at the ceremony , Irving Berlin presented the Academy Award for Best Song , which he ended up winning for `` White Christmas '' .   Best Documentary had four winners , something that has not happened before or since .   A portion of the ceremony was broadcast by CBS Radio .

neg: 1985 Academy Awards 1985 Academy Awards may refer to :   57th Academy Awards , the Academy Awards ceremony that took place in 1985  58th Academy Awards , the 1986 ceremony honoring the best in film for 1985

neg: Houston Film Critics Society Awards 2010 The 4th Houston Film Critics Society Awards were presented on December 18 , 2010 . These awards for `` extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Houston Film Critics Society ( HFCS ) based in Houston , Texas . The organization , founded in 2007 , includes 22 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications in the greater Houston area . The awards are co-sponsored by the Houston Film Commission , Southwest Alternate Media Project , Women in Film and Television/Houston , WorldFest , and the Houston Cinema Arts Society .   The nominations for the 2010 awards were announced on December 12 , 2010 . Eligible films do not need to have played or opened in a Houston film theater prior to the nomination deadline , merely made available to the HFCS membership at a screening or on DVD . Along with the 13 `` best of '' category awards , this year also saw the introduction of a new category for `` Worst Movies of the Year '' . The Social Network , True Grit , and 127 Hours each received six nominations , all including the Best Picture , Actor , Direction , and Original Score categories .   The Social Network was the HFCS 's most awarded film of 2010 taking top honors in the Best Picture , Best Director ( David Fincher ) , Best Actor ( Jesse Eisenberg ) , and Best Screenplay ( Aaron Sorkin ) categories . Inception was the only other film to garner multiple awards , winning both the Best Original Score ( Hans Zimmer ) and Best Cinematography ( Wally Pfister ) prizes . The other acting awards went to Natalie Portman as Best Actress for Black Swan , Hailee Steinfeld as Best Supporting Actress for True Grit , and Christian Bale as Best Supporting Actor for The Fighter . The remaining film honors went to Toy Story 3 as Best Animated Film , Restrepo as Best Documentary , and The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo as Best Foreign Language Film . `` We Are Sex Bob-Omb '' by Beck from Scott Pilgrim vs. the World was named the Best Original Song . The HFCS 's first-ever award for `` Worst Picture '' was given to Jonah Hex starring Josh Brolin .   In addition to the category awards , the HFCS presented their annual Lifetime Achievement Award to Sissy Spacek and its Humanitarian Award to George Clooney . Clooney was selected for `` selflessly using his celebrity for greater good '' . The HFCS award for Outstanding Achievement in Cinema awards were presented to Charles Dove , director of the Rice University Media Center , and Hector Luna , the founder and editor of C-47 Houston .

neg: Producers Guild of America Award for Best Animated Motion Picture The Producers Guild of America Award for Outstanding Producer of Animated Theatrical Motion Pictures is an award annually given since 2005 .   Of all the 12 films awarded , 8 have gone on to win the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature .

neg: Robert Thirlwell Robert Thirlwell is an American sound engineer . He was nominated for three Academy Awards in the category Best Sound .

neg: 52nd Academy Awards The 52nd Academy Awards were presented April 14 , 1980 , at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion in Los Angeles . The ceremonies were presided over by Johnny Carson who , in noting the long duration of the production , joked that President Jimmy Carter was working hard for their `` release '' from the ceremonies , a clear reference to the Iranian hostage crisis .   Among the nominees for Best Supporting Actor were 8 year-old Justin Henry -- the youngest Best Supporting Actor nominee ever -- and 79-year-old Melvyn Douglas . This was the largest age difference between two competing actors in Oscar history until 2013 . Ironically , their age difference was partially the reason why Douglas did not attend the Oscars that night , despite winning the award . Henry was nominated for Kramer vs. Kramer , which out of its eight other nominations , finished with five awards , including Best Picture , Best Director for Robert Benton , and Best Actor for Dustin Hoffman .

neg: Gary Cooper filmography The filmography of Gary Cooper chronicles the film appearances of American actor Gary Cooper . After starting his career in 1925 as a film extra and stuntman , Cooper made his official cinematic debut in 1926 in the Samuel Goldwyn production The Winning of Barbara Worth . He went on to become a contract player with Paramount Pictures where he established himself as a popular leading man prior to the end of the silent film era .   Cooper 's future in the sound era was assured with the release of The Virginian ( 1929 ) , his first all-talkie film . For the next 32 years , he would be one of cinema 's top money-making stars . From 1936 to 1957 , Cooper ranked 18 times among the top ten box office attractions -- a record when he died in 1961 , and later surpassed only by John Wayne , who ranked among the top ten 25 times , Clint Eastwood ( 21 times ) and Tom Cruise ( 20 times ) .   Cooper was nominated for the Best Actor Academy Award five times and won twice , for Sergeant York ( 1942 ) and High Noon ( 1952 ) . The latter film boosted his popularity , resulting in him being the number one box office attraction in 1953 . Cooper received a third Academy Award -- an honorary one -- just prior to his death in 1961 . His final film , The Naked Edge , was released shortly after his death .   As of February 2008 , more than half of Gary Cooper 's feature films are available on DVD , while others not yet on home video are available for television broadcast . Unfortunately , at least two of his silent films -- Beau Sabreur ( 1928 ) and The Legion of the Condemned ( 1928 ) -- are now considered lost films . Another of his silent films , Wolf Song ( 1929 ) , was originally released as a part talkie , but survives only as a silent film . One of Cooper 's earliest talkies , Paramount on Parade ( 1930 ) , survives incomplete . The prints that are available for television are missing all but one of the film 's Technicolor scenes -- a partial restoration of these scenes was done by the UCLA Film Archives .   This filmography contains sections for Cooper 's work as an extra in the earliest part of his film career , his feature film appearances , his occasional appearances in short films , and a section for a compilation film . Due to its length ( 92 films ) , the listing of his feature films is divided in four sections . Cooper 's film roles are listed , as well as the names of each film 's director and co-stars . Cooper 's awards and nominations are also listed . Except where noted , all of his films were shot in 35mm black and white . All films released prior to Lilac Time ( 1928 ) are silent films and all from The Virginian ( 1929 ) onward are sound films . The films made during the silent-to-sound transition are noted as being either silent or sound films . As an addendum , Cooper 's handful of television appearances are also listed .

neg: 26th Academy Awards The 26th Academy Awards honored the best in films of 1953 .   The second national telecast of the Awards show drew an estimated 43 million viewers . Shirley Booth , appearing in a play in Philadelphia , presented the Best Actor award through a live broadcast cut-in , and privately received the winner 's name over the telephone from co-host Donald O'Connor . ( Actor Fredric March co-hosted from New York City . ) Gary Cooper filmed his presentation of the Best Actress award in advance on a set in Mexico , with O'Connor announcing the winner 's name .   All the major winners in this year were black-and-white films . The big winner was Fred Zinnemann 's From Here to Eternity , with thirteen nominations and eight awards including Best Picture , Best Supporting Actor , Best Supporting Actress , Best Director , Best Screenplay ( Daniel Taradash ) , Best Cinematography ( Burnett Guffey ) , Best Sound , and Best Film Editing . All five of its major actors and actresses were nominated , with secondary players Donna Reed and Frank Sinatra taking home Oscars . The candid film was based on James Jones ' controversial , best-selling novel about Army life on a Hawaiian ( Oahu ) military base just prior to the Pearl Harbor attack and World War II , illustrating the conflict between an individualistic private ( Montgomery Clift ) and rigid institutional authority ( exemplified by the Army ) . Its achievement of eight awards matched the then record held by Gone with the Wind ( 1939 ) . The record would be tied again the following year by On the Waterfront ( 1954 ) . Walt Disney won four awards , which remains the record for the most Oscars won in the same year .   William Holden 's speech for Best Actor for his role in Stalag 17 was simply `` Thank You '' , making it one of the shortest speeches ever ; the TV broadcast had a strict cutoff time which forced Holden 's quick remarks . The frustrated Holden personally paid for advertisements in the Hollywood trade publications to thank everyone he wanted to on Oscar night . He also remarked that he felt that either Burt Lancaster or Montgomery Clift should have won the Best Actor Oscar for From Here to Eternity , instead of him .

neg: List of submissions to the 85th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film This is a list of submissions to the 85th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film . The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS ) has invited the film industries of various countries to submit their best film for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film every year since the award was created in 1956 . The award is presented annually by the Academy to a feature-length motion picture produced outside the United States that contains primarily non-English dialogue . The Foreign Language Film Award Committee oversees the process and reviews all the submitted films . Nine shortlisted contenders will be revealed a week before the announcement of the Oscar nominations .   The submitted motion pictures must be first released theatrically in their respective countries between 1 October 2011 , and 30 September 2012 .   On 8 October 2012 , the Academy announced the final list of eligible submissions , with a record number of 71 films . Nine finalists were announced in December 2012 , which were shortlisted in January , with the final five nominees announced on 10 January 2013 . The Austrian entry Amour directed by Michael Haneke was the eventual winner .   Kenya submitted its first film in the Foreign Language category with Nairobi Half Life . Cambodia made its first submission in 18 years ( and its second overall ) with Lost Loves .

neg: 1975 Academy Awards 1975 Academy Awards may refer to :   47th Academy Awards , the Academy Awards ceremony that took place in 1975  48th Academy Awards , the 1976 ceremony honoring the best in film for 1975

neg: Major film studio A major film studio is a production and film distributor that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box office revenue in a given market . In the North American , Western , and global markets , the major film studios , often simply known as the majors , are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various film production and distribution subsidiaries collectively command approximately 80 to 85 percent of U.S. and Canadian box office revenue . The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary motion picture business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate .   The `` Big Six '' majors , whose operations are based in or around the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood , are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood 's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s . In three cases -- 20th Century Fox , Warner Bros. , and Paramount -- the studios were one of the `` Big Five '' majors during that era as well . In two cases -- Columbia and Universal -- the studios were also considered majors , but in the next tier down , part of the `` Little Three '' . In the sixth case , Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age ; it was an important Hollywood entity , but not a major . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , United Artists , and RKO were majors .   Today , Disney is the only member of the Big Six whose parent entity is still located near Los Angeles ( actually , on Disney 's studio lot and in the same building ) . The five others report to conglomerates headquartered in New York City , Philadelphia , and Tokyo . Of the Big Six , Paramount is the only one still based in Hollywood , and Paramount and Fox are the only ones still located within the Los Angeles city limits , while Disney and Warner Bros. are located in Burbank , Columbia in Culver City , and Universal in the unincorporated area of Universal City .   Most of today 's Big Six control subsidiaries with their own distribution networks that concentrate on arthouse pictures ( e.g. Fox Searchlight Pictures ) or genre films ( e.g. Sony 's Screen Gems ) ; several of these specialty units were shut down or sold off between 2008 and 2010 . The six major studios are contrasted with smaller production and/or distribution companies , which are known as independents or `` indies '' . The leading independent producer/distributors -- Lionsgate Films , The Weinstein Company , and former major studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer -- are sometimes referred to as `` mini-majors '' . From 1998 through 2005 , DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major , despite its relatively small output . In 2006 , DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom , Paramount 's corporate parent . In late 2008 , DreamWorks once again became an independent production company ; its films were distributed by Disney 's Touchstone Pictures until 2016 , at which point distribution switched to Universal .   The Big Six major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies -- either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film . The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures in which the studio has had no prior involvement . While the majors still do a modicum of true production , their activities are focused more in the areas of development , financing , marketing , and merchandising . Those business functions are still usually performed in or near Los Angeles , even though the runaway production phenomenon means that most films are now mostly or completely shot on location at places outside Los Angeles .   Since the dawn of filmmaking , the U.S. major film studios have dominated both American cinema and the global film industry . U.S. studios have benefited from a strong first-mover advantage in that they were the first to industrialize filmmaking and master the art of mass-producing and distributing high-quality films with broad cross-cultural appeal . Today , the Big Six majors routinely distribute hundreds of films every year into all significant international markets ( that is , where discretionary income is high enough for consumers to afford to watch films ) . It is very rare , if not impossible , for a film to reach a broad international audience on multiple continents and in multiple languages without first being picked up by one of the majors for distribution .

neg: 5th Annual BFJA Awards The 5th Annual Bengal Film Journalists ' Association Awards were held on 1942 , honoring the best in  India cinema in 1941 .